The UK has a rather confused and complex set up of regulation for land remediation. A number of different legislations each impact on the process whether it be treating groundwater or contaminated soil. The use of mobile plant licenses had made it harder for unverified vendors to enter the market. However these are also costly. Basically land remediation in the UK is still supportive of 'dig and dump' disposal to landfill.
Most remediation is exempt of landfill tax due to historic reasons.
Unlike the USA landfilled material transfers the liability to the waste management company. 2.The 'need' for and the benefits of the use of bioremediation technologies and the fair distribution of risks, costs and opportunities amongst stakeholders. Bioremediation is still the option of forward thinking sustainable companies who don't want to store up problems for future generations. 3.Specific bio-risk and safety concerns. Though biosafety could be an issue with bioremediation, most process use non pathogenic naturally occurring organisms.