Major disease categories include hypertension, urinary tract infection, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, kidney stone formation and kidney failure. Neurologists diagnose and treat disorders of the nervous system, such as headache, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, neuro-muscular disorders, Tourette Syndrome, numbness and loss of movement or memory. Neurosurgeons perform surgery necessary to treat disorders of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. Oncologists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of all types of cancer and other benign and malignant tumors. These specialists administer chemotherapy and consult with surgeons and radiologists on other treatments for cancer.
Ophthalmologists provide routine eye care, clinical testing and surgery.
These specialists diagnose and treat all eye problems, including injuries and medical disorders. They prescribe eye glasses and contact lenses to improve sight and can perform surgery for eye conditions such as strabismus and eye lid disorders. Oral surgeons are specialists who perform many aspects of surgery in and about the head area. Orthodontists are specialists trained in straightening teeth for the patient through movement of the teeth through bone by the use of bands, wires, elastics, headgear and other fixed or removable appliances or retainers to achieve a balance between facial muscles and teeth. This dentist treats children as well as adults who may desire to improve their appearance and bite.