As the immune system starts to fight the virus, flu-like symptoms develop. This initial battle is known as the acute phase of HIV infection. After this, the long stage of chronic infection sets in. If the virus increased to dangerous levels in the patients, the researchers restarted treatment and repeated the process. Five of the eight patients remain off therapy an average of almost three years after their initial infection.
Most American women know that cancer and heart disease claim a high number of lives each year.
But many would be surprised to learn that the so-called autoimmune diseases, which include lupus and multiple sclerosis, rank up there as well. The autoimmune diseases are a varied group of more than 80 chronic disorders. She and her students first dissected tissues borrowed from extracted wisdom teeth. Then they added extra genes to the tissue cells that make up the tooth's outer shell, enamel and its inner hard surface, dentin so the cells would continue to replicate in culture. After nurturing these cells in moist conditions, the team soon had human tooth parts growing in culture.