Although many women show no signs of infection, those that do develop symptoms may have an unpleasant-smelling and frothy greenish, yellow, or white discharge, pain and itching. These symptoms usually appear in two to 21 days.
Men are typically asymptomatic but have been shown to be the primary cause of infection to others.
Diagnosis is made by microscopic examination of discharge, as you have already discovered. Therefore it is very important that you follow your doctor's instructions for curing it. The good news is that you have, with luck, caught it early and therefore won't suffer from any long term side-effects. However, this should give you pause and reinforce how important it is to use condoms consistently. Best of luck to you.