The rest of the foot, not including the toes, are metatarsals. The toes, like the fingers, are phalanges. Also like the fingers, each toe has three phalanges with the exception of the great toe, or the big toe, which only has two phalanges. Although bones vary greatly in size and shape, they have certain structural similarities. Spongy bone is deep to compact bone.
New bone is formed by the osteocytes.
The canals act as conduit for a network of blood vessels and nerves that nourish the osteocytes. Yellow marrow, is in the medullary cavity of these bones, is used to store fats. The outer layer of the bones is known as the periosteum. The inner layer of the periosteum forms new bone or modifies existing bone to meet new conditions. It is rich in nerve endings and blood and lymphatic vessels.