They are secondary food storage compounds that hold over twice as much energy as equal weights of carbohydrates or proteins. Diets high in fats increase risk of heart disease and certain cancers. Polyunsaturated oils tend to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. There are 20 common amino acids. If any level of structure is changed the protein becomes non-functional.
Most enzyme names end in -ASE .
When the phosphate is removed the energy is released and ATP reverts back to ADP, the low energy form.