Clay content ranges from 24 to 35 percent. Reaction is moderately acid to neutral except that the lowest subhorizons in some pedons range to slightly alkaline. The content of total phosphorous has its lowest values in the upper part of the B horizon and is less than 400 ppm. It typically is silt loam, but includes silty clay loam in the upper part in some pedons. Clay content ranges from 20 to 28 percent.
Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
Some pedons do not have carbonates in the upper part of the Cg horizon. An overwash phase is recognized where recent deposition from adjacent higher parts of the landscape has buried the original A horizon. A stratified substratum phase is also recognized. These are the Chalmers , Chetomba , Dolbee , Drummer , Dunham , El Paso, Elvira , Garwin , Hartsburg , Madelia , Mascoutah , Maxcreek , Maxfield , Ossian , Patton , Pella , Rushmore , and Wacousta series. Chalmers soils have less than 20 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section.