Mathematics in the natural sciences orders and structures scientific concepts. Value mathematics orders and structures value concepts. The mathematical and logical structure of value concepts is the cornerstone of axiology. This structure allows us to measure 'how' a person thinks and perceives or sees rather than 'what' he or she is thinking or seeing. In other words, value science tells us what we pay attention to in our thinking, what is important to us, and what the biases and prejudices are in our thinking.
Natural science explains human behavior.
Axiology explains and measures the thinking which forms the foundation for, and leads to, behavior. Our most important decisions hinge on those intangible elements we call values. Consider the process of choosing a marriage partner. Our decisions about those qualities which identify the person we wish to marry do not always have a logical reference point. Why certain individuals are attracted to each other and will enter into relationships at great risk has always been a mystery.