A common type of proximity analysis is the buffer zone. Coverage can be quit complicated involving many layers and mathmaticaly complex such as the decreasing sound levels due to the inverse proportion law of noise generated by various types of air traffic in the vicinity of a housing area. They are commonly used for moving resources from one location to another. City Streets, Power Transmission Lines, and Airline Service Routes are examples. There are three principal types of GIS Analysis performed by Networking.
Networks analysis entails four components.
It is an evaluation of phenomena that accumulates with distance. Imagine a square and you are going to travel from the lower left corner to the upper right corner. The straight line distance is 1.414 times the side of the square, and the distance across the sides is 2.0 times the length of a side. If this square represented a pasture containing angry buffaloes it would probably beneficial to walk around the fenced perimeter and go the extra distance. It would be farther, but easier to again go the extra distance.