Localized outbreaks have been reported in parts of Brazil, India and Nepal. Short-terms travellers staying in city hotels with high standards, and little contact with the local population are at minimal risk and should not need to be vaccinated for travel in Asia, Africa or Latin America. It can vary in severity from a mild illness with fever, to an inflammation of the lining of the brain, to paralysis and sometimes death. Outbreaks of polio can occur in many countries, especially those without national vaccination programs. Rabies Rabies is an acute viral infection, causing inflammation of the brain and spinal cord which is invariably fatal.
Rabies occurs in many areas of the world.
Travellers planning extended visits to countries where rabies control programs for domestic animals are inadequate, or who are planning to live in areas where rabies is widespread should consider pre-exposure immunization with rabies vaccine. Its symptoms include fever, headache, malaise, inflammation of the tissues around the eyes and a widespread rash. Rubella can cause serious birth defects in an unborn child should the mother be infected during pregnancy. All children and women of childbearing age who have never had rubella or have not been previously vaccinated, should be given a rubella vaccine prior to travel. This bacteria, found usually in the soil, infects an open wound or cut and begins to produce toxin.