The potential for surface runoff is negligible to medium. Permeability is moderately rapid in the upper part and very rapid in the lower part. Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are small grains, soybeans, corn, and hay. The remainder is in forest or permanent pasture.
Native vegetation is hardwood forest of oak, hickory, and sugar maple.
The series is of large extent. Kalamazoo County, Michigan, 1922. The clayey and loamy substratum phases will need to be evaluated during MLRA update activities. Udic soil moisture regime.