They also may administer first aid to passengers who become ill. The skills and experience needed by workers in the air transportation industry differ by occupation. Some jobs may be entered directly from high school, while others require extensive specialized training. Pilots must have a commercial pilot's license with an instrument rating and must be certified to fly the types of aircraft their employer operates. For example, helicopter pilots must hold a commercial pilot's certificate with a helicopter rating.
Pilots receive their training from the military or from civilian flying schools.
Physical requirements are strict. In addition, airlines generally require 2 years of college and increasingly prefer or require a college degree. Pilots who work for smaller airlines may advance to flying for larger companies. They can also advance from flight engineer to co-pilot to captain and, by becoming certified, to fly larger planes. Applicants for flight attendant jobs must be in excellent health.