Some African countries will urbanize rapidly over the next few years. South Africa, for instance, is clearly on its way toward industrialization and urbanization. For the remaining countries in southern Africa, however, the pace of rural-urban migration is dictated by the existence of poverty. The rate of urbanization will depend on the existence of an enabling environment in which opportunities exist for rural people to fulfill their human, social, and economic potential. If no such human development opportunities are forthcoming in the rural areas, I would expect to see a change in the configuration of rural populations, whereby the young and able-bodied will be pulled toward the urban areas in search of opportunities.
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