It does not remain in the body due to its breakdown and removal. Phthalic anhydride dissolves when mixed with water. It reacts in water and in moist soil to form phthalic acid. Most releases of phthalic anhydride to the environment are to air. Once in air, it breaks down to other chemicals.
Microorganisms living in water and in soil can also break down phthalic anhydride.
Because of its reactivity in water, phthalic anhydride that makes its way into the ground is likely to break down before it can enter groundwater. Plants and animals are not likely to store phthalic anhydride. Effects of phthalic anhydride on human health and the environment depend on how much phthalic anhydride is present and the length and frequency of exposure. Effects also depend on the health of a person or the condition of the environment when exposure occurs. Workers repeatedly exposed to large amounts of phthalic anhydride have experienced irritation of the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory system.