Short-term memory is usually affected first, followed by other intellectual and physical functions. It affects memory, concentration, speech, and physical coordination. It is important for a music therapist to know the areas that need to be dealt with concerning an Alzheimer's patient and to also remember that the family is part of these areas. It can be used for senile dementia. A forgotten song can stir up emotions when played to the elderly.
Music is a useful way of depicting the passage of time.
A great activity to target of these areas would be singing old familiar songs or having the patient accompany the therapist using a simple instrument while a song is being played. This accompaniment could be done with chimes, rhythm instruments, or any instrument that can be set up so that the client's only choices of available notes will be harmonically correct. This activity may also include the family.