This creates space to place the database objects and data. Database Server - the machine where the database engine resides. Data types - this indicates the kind of information in the database columns. For example, numeric, datetime, integer, character, and variable character are some common data types. If you need more than 3, you probably haven't designed the db properly.
Rules are just that - rules about the data in a column.
A domain is a range of values that are acceptable in a column. SQL - this is the language used to work with relational databases. Some relational databases also let you use Java. Stored Procedures - precompiled SQL routines that are stored on the database server. An advantage for DBA's is that it is possible to perform an impact analysis of a change to a database structure.