The cushioned comfort pad on which the foot lies. Most inlay soles are removable. The last is the rigid mould on which the shoe is built. Board Last - uppers are glued to a thin board which gives additional support and stability. The natural shock-absorbing movement that the foot undergoes with every footstrike.
Pronation is the distinctive inward role of the foot as the arch collapses.
Nearly all runners pronate to some degree . Over pronation can be injurous because the foot rolls too far inward, placing strain on tendons and ligaments. Return To Jargon Buster PVC Polyvinyl chloride. A semi-rigid plastic whose strength attributes are used in components, particularly heel counters. A firm, grid like structure in the midsole that provides superior stability and motion control.