Resistance to penicillin can spread between bacteria by passage of the gene encoding beta-lactamase. Visible using an electron microscope. The function of ribosomes is to make protein. The synthesis of proteins using an mRNA template is called translation . The bacterial DNA is sometimes called a nucleoid.
Prokaryotes have no nucleus.
They form inside bacteria and encompass a newly synthesized bacterial chromosome. When inside a bacterium, the spore is called an endospore . The endospore is eventually released from the cell, then it is referred to as a spore or exospore . Spores may survive for years. When conditions become favorable for growth, spores germinate .