Studies are integrated not only in terms of subject matter but in terms of moral learning as well, resulting in appreciation and respect for life, moral empathy, and a fundamental belief in progress, the contribution of the individual, the universality of the human condition, and the meaning of true justice. What follows is a composite of the programs of several existing Montessori middle schools. Middle school ushers in a new level of independence which must be provided for in the Montessori environment by increasing activity from the point of view of work level, choices, and planning. In the middle school, the Great Lessons, timelines, and charts are replaced with overviews of general sequences of learning for which the student becomes responsible in the context of an integrated whole. The general premise for the adolescent program is that it must bring into consciousness the moral and world view of the elementary years.
Philosophical ideas related to natural history and cultural history now come into play.
Great Lessons evolve into great ideas derived from a serious approach to the humanities. Consistent with the moral relationships stressed in the elementary program, the adolescent can make great cognitive leaps while integrating ideas and values in conjunction with current events, home life, or community activities. Primary readings from each historical period are emphasized.