Files, rasps and, finally, steel wool and sandpaper are utilized for fine work and finishing. Penknives or nails may be used for detailed incising. Carving is generally messy and stone dust can be hazardous if inhaled. For these reasons, Aboriginal sculptors prefer to work outside, even during the wintertime. Unlike many southern artists, Aboriginals have a direct relationship with their materials.
Most sculptors still use small hand tools such as hatchets, files, rasps and knives.