Quantum computation involves a synthesis of fundamental quantum physics with concepts from computer science. In theory it offers the possibility of exponentially enhanced computing power compared to any classical device. Since then we have come to recognise and abstract the essential ingredients of this algorithm for possible wider applicability. Quantum entanglement has emerged as a fundamental resource in the processes of quantum computation. In addition to its role in enhancing computing power, we may consider it in the context of the theory of communication complexity.
Many intriguing questions remain unresolved.
In this talk we will introduce the basic necessary quantum principles and survey some of the main lines of development in quantum computation.