AND NOT AND NOT tells the search engine to retrieve web pages containing one keyword but not the other. Use AND NOT when you have a keyword that has multiple meanings. The need for AND NOT often becomes apparent after you perform an initial search. There is no space between the plus or minus sign and the keyword. Phrase searching is a powerful search technique for significantly narrowing your search results, and it should be used as often as possible.
Most search engines interpret lower case letters as either upper or lower case.
Thus, if you want both upper and lower case occurrences returned, type your keywords in all lower case letters. Like capitalization, most search engines interpret singular keywords as singular or plural. If you want plural forms only, make your keywords plural. A few search engines support truncation or wildcard features that allow variations in spelling or word forms. A web page is composed of a number of fields, such as title, domain, host, URL, and link.