Proceedings of the Conference on Nutritional Ergogenic Aids. CHO for later is unsupported by facts. It could even be dangerous. These are promoted as a means to stimulate an increase in the brain's level of serotonin, a central nervous system neurotransmitter that could reduce fatigue sensations recognized by the brain. At this time there is little evidence that this works.
More research is required.
Nutritionists claim that normal dietary intake is sufficient. Most athletes probably have adequate intake of protein if they are not vegetarian. Caffeine This is a banned substance over a set blood level. Recent research has shown that any level of caffeine, including below the illegal limit, can improve performance. The amount is not relevant to performance.