Self-thinning in tree populations occurs at lower densities than that in herb populations. All organisms are identical. At K the instantaneous growth rate approaches 1. Carrying capacity of the environment b. A high intrinsic rate of natural increase.
Mimics are common relative to the model.
Mimics forage on the same food plant as the model. The rate of genetic change in the mimic population is faster than that of the model population. Their faeces b. Milking the glands of the large blue butterfly d. A strong mutualistic association exists between the two species.