A deficiency results in anemia, reduced growth and performance, high mortality, and reduced hatchability. Feed sources include most animal meals, but plant feeds contain little B 12 . Only microorganisms can synthesize the vitamin. Pantothenic Acid Used to maintain good epithelial tissues. Forms part of Coenzyme A for reactions in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism.
Poor sources are grain and seed feedstuffs.
Folic Acid Function is to process one-carbon fragments remaining from amino acid metabolism. Excellent sources are corn, soybean meal, and meat meals. Widely distributed but sulfa drugs may tie up the vitamin. Deficiency symptoms only induced by using antagonists like avidin. Most feeds are good sources but much may be in unavailable bound forms.