This was later complemented by direct health care for displaced people and area inhabitants, replenishment of drug supplies and training of local health workers. Long-term health facilities receive, when possible, drugs, trauma care equipment and the means to monitor diseases and deaths. MSF also has long-term medical programs in the Moluccas. In the southern part of the province, where access to the population is particularly difficult, a mobile clinic provides medical care. Since September 1999, MSF has been active at IDP camps in the southern Betun, Atambua, Kefa and Kupang areas of West Timor, still home to about 100,000 refugees from East Timor.
Militias exert control over many refugee camps, raising concern about the protection of refugees.
Nearly one year after the referendum, continuing tension reached a peak with the deaths of several UN aid workers at the hands of pro-Indonesia militia in early September. MSF provides safe water and sanitation, and has set up an early warning system to monitor for disease. Educating people about safe hygiene is an important aspect of this work. Similar activities are carried out for some 20,000 IDPs in several districts of Aceh province. MSF also pushes for humane treatment of IDPs by the authorities.