The Penwood series consists of very deep, excessively drained soils formed in sandy outwash. They are nearly level to strongly sloping soils on glaciofluvial landforms. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent.
Permeability is rapid or very rapid throughout.
Mean annual temperature is about 54 degrees F. and mean annual precipitation is about 46 inches. USGS Branford topographic quadrangle, latitude 40 degrees 17 minutes 48 seconds N., longitude 72 degrees 51 minutes 45 seconds W., NAD 27. Thickness of the solum ranges from 20 to 36 inches. Rock fragments, dominantly fine gravel, range from 0 to 10 percent in the solum and from 0 to 30 percent in the substratum. Unless limed, the soil is very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout.