There are 18 different species of penguins. Penguins are found in the cold ocean waters in the Southern Hemisphere . They can be found in New Zealand, on the Galapagos Islands, as well as on other islands in the Southern Hemisphere. They can also be found on the continents of Africa, Australia and Antarctica. Only two species, the Adelie and the Emperor , live and breed in Antarctica .
Penguins are excellent swimmers.
They swim underwater with powerful strokes of their wings. A penguin uses its webbed feet and stiff tail as a rudder . They can make porpoiselike leaps from the water's surface. They can come ashore by walking onto protected beaches or by vaulting themselves out of the water onto land. Then they waddle erect, climb steep slopes , or toboggan on their bellies over the snow.