Peregrines prefer tundra, while gyrfalcons prefer the northern edges of boreal forests. Ospreys and bald eagles occupy areas near lakes, rivers, and coasts. Many species prefer forest habitats. Some species can exploit a variety of habitats while others are restricted to one type of habitat. They can be found in alpine areas down to deserts, grasslands, forests, and human suburbs.
Migratory species occupy both breeding and nonbreeding habitats.
Conversely, migration allows birds to return to breeding areas that have abundant food supplies for raising young. The majority of migration routes have a north and south direction. To supply the considerable energy needed for migration, birds accumulate extra body fat two to three weeks before departure. Patterns and distances of migrations vary between species. Some diurnal birds of prey migrate singly while others migrate in flocks.