The imperative languages use the procedure as a means of structuring the language. The language will have conditionals, loops and procedure calls. This can then be used and modified by the procedure without any change to any original variable.
Reference parameters The address of the parameter is passed into the procedure.
C does not have call by reference, but only call by value. Most other procedural languages have both. The socket method of network use is a message-based system, in which one process writes a message to another. This is a long way from the procedural model. The remote procedure call is intended to act like a procedure call, but to act across the network transparently .