Tetanus immunoglobulin is given to neutralize the toxin. Antibiotics such as penicillin and tetracycline are given to prevent further toxin production. Other drugs provide sedation, control seizures, and relax the muscles. The person is usually hospitalized and kept in a quiet room. For people with moderate to severe infections, a ventilator may be required to assist breathing.
Nourishment is given intravenously or via a tube inserted through the nose and into the stomach.
Bladder and rectal catheterization are often needed to remove body waste. The patient is frequently turned over in bed and forced to cough to help prevent pneumonia. Codeine is given to reduce pain. Other drugs may be given to control the blood pressure and heart rate. Because a tetanus infection doesn't make the body immune to subsequent infections, the full series of vaccinations must be given after the person recovers.