It sprouted the neuron's cluster of branching extensions known as dendrites, which receive messages from other neurons. It also enhanced the growth of the neuron's trunklike axon that passes messages on to other neurons. Recent studies show that in mature animals the hormone can foster new connections between neurons to strengthen the communication web. This suggests that estrogen improves the way the adult brain processes information. In some studies estrogen also has been shown to protect women from getting AD in the first place.
Research even hints that the hormone can affect male brain function.
One small study showed that men with naturally high estrogen levels could draw a design retrieved from memory better than those with lower levels. Researchers are planning larger, long-term studies to confirm estrogen's benefits on the brain and to see if it has any negative effects. A study now underway plans to recruit some 8,000 women over age 65. The participants, who will randomly receive either estrogen or a dummy pill, will be monitored for eight to 10 years. Researchers also are uncovering the many players that interact with estrogen to help it carry out its actions.