A summary for a book-length report to be published in April. Many U.S. industries were able to eliminate CFCs more quickly, at lower cost, or with greater environmental benefits that experts once predicted. This occurred in the U.S. because of the use of market-based instruments such as excise taxes, entrepreneurial government initiatives, corporate leadership and competition, and scientific advances coupled with public education. The Global Climate is Changing , 1996. Contact Tom Hedlund, Swed.
Outlines possibilities for a protocol to the climate convention.
Options that are analyzed for effectiveness and applicability to Sweden include per capita emissions targets, percentage of CO 2 reductions, joint implementation and harmonized carbon taxes. The first report assesses income distribution associated with taxes or tradeable permits to respond to the threat of climate change, in terms of the levels of individual income groups, economic sectors or nations. Suggests broad approaches for mitigating or compensating adverse effects. The second report, drawing from the experience of OECD countries, reviews implementation and sets down considerations needed for successful implementation of ecotaxes. Institutional Adaptation to Global Environmental Change, A. Jordan, T. O'Riordan.