Frequent colds with a runny nose transmit staphylococci from the nose onto the face, especially around the mouth, where it may be reingested. Noseblowing and scratching beneath and around the nose produce minor abrasions on the skin, which allow the bacteria to enter. Other areas, such as the hands and legs, may also become infected. These rapidly break down to form golden-colored, crusty, oozing areas that spread. The condition may be complicated by further infection from streptococcal bacteria.
Physicians usually prescribe an antibiotic to be taken orally.
In some cases, topical applications of antibiotic ointments may be prescribed. These are usually applied after the affected areas are gently washed to remove the crusts and ooze. Because impetigo is spread by personal contact, its spread can be minimized by washing hands and using separate washcloths. Personal hygiene is especially important during the acute and convalescent periods. If additional streptococcal infection breaks out on the area affected, it can cause the kidney disorder glomerulonephritis.