The second factor is that science and technology are becoming increasingly specialized. As a result, it has become more and more difficult to establish dialogue and mutual understanding between ordinary people and scientists and technologists. This disconcerting increased specialization of science and technology has resulted in ordinary people feeling that science has become more and more distant and removed from them. The third factor is the colossal growth of science and technology. Monumental growth in science and technology that accompanied the military rivalry of the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period resulted in a general suspicion about the objectives of science and technology.
Nuclear development is one such example.
Another point in this regard are large-scale projects, which have become such that their research and necessary equipment have grown even larger and more advanced, requiring a greater budget and expert knowledge in a wealth of fields. This has made it more difficult for governments and researchers from developing countries to participate. The pollution problems in the 60s and 70s were triggered by corporate activities originating from the rapid growth of heavy chemical industries. But in recent years, environmental issues on a global scale have come to the forefront, such as the depletion of the ozone layer, acid rain, marine pollution, destruction of tropical rain forests, the extinction of species of wild animals and global warming. It is indeed the uncertain and irreparable nature of these problems which poses a grave concern.