An endoscope is a device using fiber optics and powerful lens systems to provide lighting and visualization of the interior of a joint. The portion of the endoscope inserted into the body may be rigid or flexible, depending upon the medical procedure. An endoscope uses two fiber optic lines. There is also a separate port to allow for administration of drugs, suction, and irrigation. Endoscopes may be used in conjunction with a camera or video recorder to document images of the inside of the joint or chronicle an endoscopic procedure.
New endoscopes have digital capabilities for manipulating and enhancing the video images.
This figure shows a rigid endoscope used for arthroscopy. Endoscopy can be used to diagnose various conditions by close examination of internal organ and body structures. Endoscopy can also guide therapy and repair, such as the removal of torn cartilage from the bearing surfaces of a joint. Local or general anesthetic may be used during endoscopy, depending upon the type of procedure being performed. Endoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure and carries with it certain minor risks depending upon the type of procedure being performed.