The impact of TBI on the family is devastating and long term, yet successful outcomes for the individual intrinsically rely on family support. Families, grateful that their critically injured loved one may live, are ill-prepared for the months and years of neurobehavioral problems ahead. Community supports for the individual and family vary in quality and may be minimal. Schools, as well as systems designed for the developmentally disabled or mentally ill, are primary resources. Emergency medical personnel need to be properly trained to recognize the symptoms of TBI and ensure proper follow-up.
Mild symptoms are less likely now to be treated by acute hospitalization than in the past.
A family member, replacing the trained nurse, is usually asked to monitor symptoms. Since injury to the brain can be progressive, subtle changes in personality, and work and school habits can go undetected for months until a crisis occurs. All too frequently, the earlier TBI is not viewed as a possible underlying cause. Detailed histories should include screening for TBIs. Individuals and parents need careful questioning concerning TBI history.