Effective monitoring is a prerequisite for increasing biodiversity. Due to its density of population landscape has preponderantly lost its virgin character. Protection and management are therefore focussed on cultural biotopes, e.g. pastures and other greenlands. Utilization, management and protection strategies might be closer adjusted to the objectives and principles of the convention on biodiversity. In practice diversity of species and habitats can often be assessed visually.
Much more uncertainty is connected with the assessment of genetic diversity.