RAP is a simplified method of collecting data using anthropological techniques for assessment and evaluation. It has a specific function and is by no means a substitute for more classical anthropological approaches and surveys. It is not meant to be comprehensive but to provide a systematic way to assess specific cultural aspects and behaviour. It can be used at various community levels and with individuals, households, and other community groupings. The method is especially concerned with beliefs and perceptions regarding health, illness and its treatment, and utilization of traditional and biomedical health resources.
RAP is designed primarily for short periods of data collection, ranging from four to eight weeks.
It therefore involves a very brief period in the field and focuses on a few specific topics involving human behaviour. Small population samples are selected. The procedure allows detailed recording of the sociocultural context in which health-related behaviour occurs. Thus, by using a variety of social science techniques, which include participant observation, structured interviews, guided conversation, focus groups, etc., RAP attempts to elicit the views of the people and health-care providers about their attitudes and opinions regarding a particular project or health service. This book is intended as a guide to be used by persons trained or familiar with field data collection methods, but one does not need a degree in anthropology.