They are a fairly uncommon problem. Causes The exact cause of these defects is unknown. Possibilities include failure of the skull bones to completely close during development and early protrusion of brain tissue, which may prevent skull closure. The symptoms are usually not apparent until the child grows. Encepahaloceles are associated with developmental delay.
Meningoceles are lees likely to cause as great a problem.
This is due to the lack of brain tissue within the defect. As always, a careful history and physical examination are the first steps in diagnosis. In most cases, the defect will be obvious on physical examination. CT scanning or MRI scanning helps to determine the extent of the defect. Scans also are used to demonstrate whether or not brain tissue is present within the defect.