There are about 128 spaces per acre. Other costs include utilities, security, insurance, parking enforcement and administration. External benefits, or benefits that are not reflected in market transactions, are more difficult to precisely measure, but include increased permeable surface area, reduced surface water runoff and pollution, et cetera. To the extent that providing bicycling commuting facilities decreases motor- vehicle use, the project decreases air pollution, atmospheric carbon dioxide, dependency on foreign oil, congestion, noise, vibration, motor vehicle accidents, road maintenance and land loss to roads. The parallel between secondary smoke and auto emissions is hard to miss.
Motor vehicles are the single biggest source of atmospheric pollution.
It is available from Greenpeace UK, Canonbury Villas, London N1 2PN, UK, priced L5. The report review worldwide data. Each mile motor vehicles are driven contributes to air, water and noise pollution, demand for roads and road maintenance, etc. The non-motorized alternatives to SOV's reduce stress, promotes cardiovascular circulation and leaves the environment as clean as you found it. The introduction of lead-free gasoline in Sweden has resulted in a dramatic decrease in the amount of lead in children's blood.