The rash is typically circular,with a red raised outer area and a clear center region. Photo illustrating rash typical of Lyme disease. Rashes that are not noticed or that go untreated will appear larger and may be up to 6 to 8 inches across. The rash may feel warm to touch, but it is usually not painful or itchy. The symptoms that follow the rash are flu-like in nature and may include fever, chills, fatigue, sore throat, and muscle aches.
More severe symptoms appear as the disease progresses.
Lyme disease is diagnosed by patient history, symptoms, and a blood test that can detect the bacteria itself. Usual treatment involves the administration of antibiotics given orally or intravenously for several week or months, depending on disease severity. Tetracycline and penicillin are two antibiotics that are often prescribed. Treatment is most effective when it is initiated early, so it is important to seek medical advice at the onset of symptoms. The vaccine, called LYMErix, was developed and will be marketed by SmithKline Beecham.