The cuticle of plants prevents entry of most microorganisms. The transfer of transpirational pull from one water molecule to the next due to the cohesion caused by hydrogen bonds. The hydrophilic walls of the narrow tracheids and xylem vessels that help maintain the column of water against the force of gravity. Active pumping of water into the xylem of roots. The reduction of water potential in the surface film of mesophyll cells due to increased surface tension.
Microtubules attached to kinetochores are highly unstable throughout mitosis.
Microtubules extending from MTOCs to the cell cortex help position the MTOCs closer to the plasma membrane. Microtubule motors help move chromosomes and MTOCs during mitosis. The stability of microtubules changes after cells enter mitosis. Plants store poisons in their vacuole. Cell wall degrading enzymes are a constitutive defense against microbes.