If officials are aware that the epidemiological zones may span national boundaries, they may develop precautionary measures and treatments to deal with people moving around in the epidemiological zone when this transcends the national boundaries. It is possible to restrict the transmission of the leishmaniases. Human are the principal host in the dry form and dogs are reservoirs in some localities. The organisms remain in the skin of the vertebrate, but may occasionally be found in human lymph nodes. If the animal is found to be positive, it is either treated or put down.
Rodents are reservoir of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
In the Amazon basin of Brazil and French Guyana, deforestation must be of 300 meter. Since flies tend to rest in houses, periodic spraying of dwelling with DDT has been effective in reducing the number of vectors and transmissions of the agent. Where houses have been sprayed for control of vectors of malaria, phlebotomine populations have also been reduced, as well as the transmission of Leishmania spp. In epidemiological types other than the endemic one, breeding sites of flies are diffuse and practical control measures have not generally been successful.