These are nascent cleavages in which NSP 1 through 4 are translated. The second RNA strand is a 4.1kb strand with a 5' cap and a poly A tail. Replication HBV uses four overlapping reading frames to produce seven primary translation products. Transcription and translation are regulated with four promoters and two enhancers. Replication takes place in the host cell cytoplasm.
Replication is unique in that it uses reverse transcription.
Because of the use of reverse transcriptase, HBV is sometimes known as a retroid type virus. This is due to its similarity to the replication strategies of retroviridae. Transcription Transcription takes place in the host cell nucleus. The coronaviruses are named for the word, crown, corona . Replication Retroviruses are RNA viruses that use a DNA intermediate to replicate.