Actuaries have Bachelor's degrees and must pass a series of certification tests while they are working. Cryptologist Cryptology is the science and art of encoding and decoding information. Whether the purpose is for local or international business, personal financial transactions, or national security, this field is an intense user of mathematics and numerical computations. The National Security Agency, which does cryptology for the U. S. government, is one of the world's largest employers of mathematicians. The Center for Communications Research does basic research in support of this effort.
Most cryptologists have a graduate degree.
Operations Researcher Operations research is the application of mathematics to decision making. Mathematicians working in this area analyze large, complex systems in human organizations, often with the aid of computer programs. They solve problems in energy management, finance, crime, the environment, city planning, manufacturing, transportation, telecommunications, health, and a host of other fields. Operations researchers often have a Master's degree. Numerical analysis involoves designing and testing computer algorithms which give accurate results.