Ethers -oxygen singly bonded to two carbon atoms. Vapors highly flammable. Add the suffix -al. The boiling point is much higher than corresponding saturated hydrocarbons, since bond is highly polar. Produced by oxidizing an alcohol with a terminal -OH group.
Reduction is the oppsite process.
Ketones have a carbonyl on the interior of the chain. Suffix is an -one ending. Esters are produced by a reaction between an acid and an alcohol. The name amine represents the - NH 2 functional group. Add -amide suffix.