The law of Biot and Sarvart, the force between electric currents, and Amp re's law. Eastern Vector Fields and Hydrodynamics Force fields have definite properties of their own suitable for scientific study. The discovery of electromagnetic induction in 1831 creates an important technological breakthrough in the generation of electric power. Alternating Current Electromagnetic induction makes it easy to generate alternating current while transformers make it practical to distribute it over long distances. Maxwell's Equations Maxwell discovers that displacement current produces electromagnetic waves or light.
Many properties of light are properties of waves, including reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
In 1887, an exquisitely designed measurement of the earth's motion through the ether results in the most brilliant failure in scientific history. If the speed of light is to be the same for all observers, then the length of a meter stick, or the rate of a ticking clock, depends on who measures it. Velocity and Time Einstein is motivated to perfect the central ideas of physics, resulting in a new understanding of the meaning of space and time. The new meaning of space and time make it necessary to formulate a new mechanics. Hot discoveries about the behavior of gases make the connection between temperature and heat.