Animals can be a major cause of damage to young trees. Porcupines, gophers, rabbits, deer, and cattle are the most frequent source of damage. Assess the need for releasing the trees from competing vegetation. This is commonly done by mowing, mulching, spraying, or a combination of these treatments. Hand work is hard work that may be financially viable on small areas.
Safety is an important consideration.
Working with sharp tools or machines on steep sites can be dangerous, especially when one is unaccustomed to strenuous activity. Herbicides are an alternative that may be less expensive and more effective when treating large acreages. When using herbicides, obtain the advice of a licensed pest control advisor and always read the label and follow instructions. Overwatering is a common problem in irrigated plantations. Give your trees a very thorough, deep soak and then let the soil dry out before the next watering.