In addition, a preliminary aggregation of the damages caused by the whole Spanish electricity system has been undertaken, as well as a study on the introduction of externalities into an electricity dispatching model, and its consequences for the Spanish generation system. The selection of the fuel cycles assessed is justified on the present and future Spanish energy system characteristics. Spanish primary energy consumption is based mainly on oil products, and to a lesser extent on coal.
Oil is used mainly for transport, while coal is used for electricity generation.
Of this primary energy, the major part is imported, as Spain is scarce in energy natural resources. Only one third of the energy supply corresponds to domestic energy production, while the rest is imported. In order to fulfil this demand, a total power of 47,117 MW is installed, with a total electricity production of 167 TWh. Electricity comes mainly from nuclear, hydro, and national coal. Their relative contribution depends on the climate, since this determines the contribution of hydro.