These vessels carry the high protein lymph fluid from the spaces between the body's cells to the lymph nodes. From there it is filtered and purified of bacteria, toxins and dead cells. The cleansed fluid is then returned to the circulatory system. Lymphedema is a swelling, usually of the arms or legs that results from poor or abnormal lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels. Although it is a chronic and progressive disease, lymphedema can usually be brought under control through medical care, and some lifestyle changes.
Primary lymphedema occurs without any obvious cause.
It is more common in women and usually appears in the legs. It occurs when an intrinsic fault develops within the lymph conducting pathways. There is often a hereditary connection with this type of lymphedema. Secondary lymphedema is caused by injury, scarring, surgical removal of lymph nodes, or radiation in combination with surgery. Many people can develop lymphedema as a result of treatment for breast, uterine, bladder, ovarian, prostate, testicular cancer, hernia surgery, malignant melanomas and lymphomas.