Geneticists are experts or specialists in genetics. Common genetic disorders include cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, sickle cell anemia, neural tube defects and Tay-Sachs disease. Gynecologists are physicians who have completed advanced training in female reproductive disorders. These specialists perform routine checkups including pelvic exams, Pap smears and breast exams to help detect disorders of the female reproductive system. They also perform a variety of surgical procedures on the female reproductive system.
Many gynecologists often serve as the primary care physician for their patients.
If they are licensed in obstetrics, they may also deliver babies. Hematologists specialize in disorders of the blood, spleen and lymph glands. They treat conditions such as anemia, clotting disorders, sickle cell disease, hemophilia, leukemia and lymphoma. They also perform special types of procedures such as transfusions and bone marrow biopsies. Infectious disease specialists are physicians trained in diagnosing and treating a range of diseases and syndromes that attack or compromise the immune system, including persistent infections that do not respond to conventional antibiotic treatments.