Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to neutral. The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture of the fine earth fraction is loamy fine sand through coarse sand. Some pedons have a C horizon that has very channery analogues of sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. It is massive or single grain.
Reaction ranges from strongly acid through slightly alkaline.
The Chamate , Oquaga , and Tunkhannock series are in the same family. The Chamate and Oquaga soils lack stratified materials in the lower part of the substratum. Tunkhannock soils have hues of 7.5YR or redder throughout the B horizon. Berks, Brownsville, Calvin, Cardiff, Highsplint, Lippitt, and Parker soils lack stratified materials in the lower part of the substratum. Sylco , and Watt soils have bedrock within 40 inches.