The dominant clay mineral in the Bt horizon is smectite, but the content of illite increases with increasing depth. The particle-size control section averages between 35 and 45 percent clay and from 15 and 35 percent sand. Free carbonates are present in some pedons below a depth of 60 inches. It commonly is silt loam, but silty clay loam and clay loam are within the range, particularly in eroded pedons. Clay content ranges from 20 to 35 percent.
Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly alkaline, the latter in pedons that have been limed.
Some pedons have a thin Bt horizon formed in loess above the 2Bt horizon formed in till. Redoximorphic features have hue of 5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 8. Texture is clay, clay loam, silty clay, or silty clay loam. Clay content ranges from 35 to 45 percent. Reaction is strongly acid or moderately acid in at least one subhorizon, and ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid.