All individuals who are chronically infected may be able to transmit it. Fever may be absent or mild. Long term, chronic hepatitis B can cause liver cell damage, leading to cirrhosis and cancer. A blood test is available. Antiviral drugs are occasionally used for chronic infections.
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The vaccine consists of 3 or 4 injections, depending on the schedule. Also, a specially prepared injection of immune globulin within 2 weeks of known exposure reduces risk of transmission. Do not inject drugs because the risk is too high. If you do inject, do not share injection drug equipment. Choose a reputable firm for tattoos and piercing and inquire about sterilization techniques.