It is not found outside of Florida. Due to its very small range it is listed as a threatened species in the state of Florida. Rare, but occurs mainly in pinelands, tropical hardwood hammocks, and around limestone outcroppings. Little is known about the key ringneck snake, but it is sometimes seen under limestone rocks and boards, and crossing roads at night. It feeds on small frogs and tadpoles, earthworms, slugs, anoles, geckos, and snakes.
Reproduction is thought to be similar to the southern ringneck snake.