Most flavors and fragrances are not single chemicals but mixtures of several substances. Coffee is usually blended from various types of beans to obtain a pleasant taste. Experienced coffee tasters can tell where specific kinds of coffee come from just by taste. Some odors are unpleasant in large amounts, but smell good in small amounts or when mixed with other scents. Coffee, for example, contains sulfur compounds that are unpleasant by themselves, but that smell pleasant in the aroma of coffee.
Most perfumes are specific blends of fragrance notes.
Using the mortar and pestle, grind the material you are testing into a pulp. Place the material in the beaker and soak with hot water. Be careful when handling the hot water. After stirring the material in the hot water, set up the funnel with filter paper. Label the bottle with the source of the extract.