Both species are anadromous and undertake upriver spawning migrations during spring. Fecundity and age at maturity for both species are similar. River herring have supported one of the oldest documented fisheries in North America. Intensification of this fishery was associated with declining abundance in U.S. river systems. The principal fishing gears used to catch river herring are fish weirs, pound nets, and gill nets.
Recreational fishing is minimal.
Maine, North Carolina and Virginia typically account for more than 90 percent of total landings. The dramatic decline in landings since the mid-1960s reflects substantial declines in resource abundance since that time, and several populations are still being exploited at higher than optimum levels. In addition, a great deal of historic spawning habitat remains unavailable. At present, there is limited information available on which to base regulations, but additional data collected under provisions of the Plan should provide a better basis for understanding resource status and for regulatory actions. Stock assessment of river herring from selected Atlantic coast rivers.