Observation is not only external, but also includes underlying factors known as hidden observation. The ability to observe is not easy, and can be achieved only by practice. One must listen more than one speaks. Furthermore, listening is not simply hearing, but involves attention. One must also observe the non-verbal gestures of others.
Observation is very critical in conflict resolution.
All contemporary theories about the personality are of western origin. I believe that while some theories on personality apply to those of us in the east , others do not. Every theory has a basis, and does not evolve from a void. Freud s theory of personality is based on sex, and states that behavior is based on internal motivations, one of which is libido. Although Freud s theory has been proven inaccurate, it is the only comprehensive theory to ever have been presented.