Herpes zoster tend to occur within months of the primary infection rather than years after the primary infection in case of non-HIV individuals. Oral acyclovir is the preffered therapy. Cytomegalovirus disease Retinitis is the most common manifestation of the CMV infection in the HIV patients. The symptoms include light flashes, floaters, loss of central and peripheral visual fields and blurred vision. Ganciclovir is used in this condition.
Most common manifestation is encephalitis.
It presents with severe headache, focal neurological deficits, fever, confusion. Diagnosis is made with CNS masses on CT or MRI scans and positive toxoplasma serology. Treatment include Sulphadiazine, pyrimethamine, folic acid. It can be caused by bacteria like salmonella, shigella, camphylobacter. Parasites like cryptosporidium, isospora, giardia, microsporidia.