List the basic requirements of fat, protein, and carbohydrates utilized by the body. List metabolic changes that occur in short term versus long term starvation. Discuss the common complications of enteral and parenteral and suggest the appropriate management. Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silberman, 2nd Edition. He states that for the last three weeks he has been able to tolerate liquids only.
Physical exam reveals a slightly cachectic male but no other significant findings.
Discuss both laboratory and anthropometric measures. After nutritional assessment, it is decided that the patient would benefit from aggressive nutritional support prior to his operation. Calculate the needed daily requirements for calories, protein and carbohydrates for this patient. Write a set of orders to begin total parenteral nutrition for a patient such as the one presented. Discuss the use of fat emulsions in parenteral nutrition for this patient and other surgical patients.