This is different from being able to zoom in closer to see more detail. Most cameras use some kind of compression, typically JPEG, when saving the images. Of course, the more compression used, the more images you can capture before the memory card is filled. Again, you should experiment with your camera to determine which compression choice gives the best detail, versus an acceptable number of images captured. You can always buy a larger memory card if needed.
Most cameras feature some kind of zoom lens.
It's important to distinguish between optical and digital zoom, however. There is therefore a big difference in quality between these two techniques. Optical zooms are always preferable, although many cameras offer a combination of both, using optical up to a point, then switching to digital. Unfortunately, historically the focal length of the lens has been used as an indication of the field of view of a camera. So focal length is different.