The presence of a vamp in the earlier movies, often portrayed as Anglo-Indians coincides with the present heroine who combines vampishness and star aspirations in one body. The dances have changed greatly over time, turning the women, once admired for their classical dancing, into acrobats and obscene objects, commodified for the male gaze. The male on male violence has progressed from fist fighting via the use of pistols to the carrying of machine guns. In these kinds of heroic battles, women are often the hostages and love objects of both the good and the bad guys. In the male on female violence, rape is the ultimate invasion of the body.
Rape often results in the suicide of the victim, which reflects reality.
Only in a few alternative films have women coped with rape and their abandonment by society. Female on female violence, was evident in the qualitative pressure of society on the behaviour prescribed by elder women for younger women. Movies by Riet Turksma. 1 Riet Turksma was born just before the 2nd World War in Europe in 1939 in a Jewish family. The war and her first marriage to a Muslim, which alienated her from her surviving family, have greatly influenced her life.