Interestingly, there has been very little involvement of researchers in the development of these technologies that have had such remarkable success. The sandy-loam soil in the area is mostly shallow with a high water table. Annual rainfall is between 750-1000 mm and crops are grown all year. Farm size varies from less than 2 hectares to more than 100 ha and trees are gown for profit on both small and large farms. Yamunanagar has industries that utilize poplar wood in paper, match, packing case and plywood making.
Marketing is done by private operators.
While this system is not the most efficient, it does assure a market for wood products and produces very little wood waste. Support services for tree growing in the form of credit facilities, extension, supply of inputs, and improved planting material are grossly inadequate. This is also true for policies and local regulations for governing tree production. The Yamunanagar experience may not replicate easily elsewhere, but there are important lessons to be learned. It clearly demonstrates that even in the absence of active promotional efforts, agroforestry can be widely adopted by farmers provided it translates into a profitable enterprise.