Describe the role of ATP in energy exchanges within the cell. Distinguish between substrate level phosphorylation and electron transport phosphorylation. Differentiate between fermentation and respiration. List several of the end products resulting from bacterial fermentation of glucose and name some important groups of bacteria that form the end products. Describe the flow of electrons in the electron transport system of an aerobic respirer.
Much more energy is available from glucose respiration than from glucose fermentation.
However, the laws of thermodynamics state that energy is neither created nor destroyed. Work through the energy balance sheets for fermentation and respiration and account for all sites of ATP synthesis. Some organisms can obtain about 15 times more ATP when growing aerobically on glucose than anaerobically. In aerobic respiration, O2 serves as the ultimate electron acceptor. Name four substances that are used by certain bacteria as terminal electron acceptors in the process of anaerobic respiration.