Inoculating alfalfa seeds with the proper rhizobia is also critical. Alfalfa seeds and seedlings are subject to attack by a variety of organisms, primarily fungi, which can affect seed germination and seedling emergence and vigor. Several fungicides are available for treating seed prior to planting. Some fungicides can be applied directly by the producer, while others must be applied commercially. Some commercial alfalfa seed can be obtained with a fungicide already applied.
Rots Managing alfalfa for maximum vigor is important in minimizing damage from root and crown rots.
In any given area, select a cultivar with sufficient winter hardiness. Lack of winter hardiness and associated winter damage open lead to root and crown rot problems. Good soil drainage and balanced soil fertility are important. If irrigating, do not keep the soil saturated for long periods. Do not cultivate established alfalfa stands - this may increase the potential for root and crown rot problems.