Stems are thin and shortened. Leaves develop purple coloration, first on undersides and later throughout. Plants grow slowly, and maturity is delayed. On acid soils. Temporary deficiencies on cold, wet soils.
Older leaves develop gray or tan areas near the margins.
Eventually a scorch around the entire leaf margin may occur. Chlorotic areas may develop throughout leaf. On sandy soils with excessive leaching. Specific deficiencies include browning of cauliflower, cracked stem of celery, blackheart of beet, and internal browning of turnip. On soils with a pH above 6.8 or on crops with a high boron requirement.