A meta-analysis in 1995 of 38 clinical trials, using soy protein in over one thousand subjects, clearly shows the benefits of soy in preventing heart disease. The studies used 17-124 grams of soy protein per day, with an average intake of 47 grams. Subjects either used soy protein in place of animal protein, or simply added soy products to their diets. Since every one percent decrease in cholesterol decreases your risk of heart attack by two to three percent, eating soy protein should decrease your risk of heart disease by 18-28 percent. Scientists have not yet determined the exact mechanisms by which soy protein decreases total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels.
Many researchers are interested in the phytoestrogen content of soy products.
Current research focuses on the role of the specific phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein, and glycetein in preventing heart disease. In fact, a recent study presented at the American Heart Association's November 1999 meeting in Atlanta supports the hypothesis. Results of the four-year study show significant relationships between the plant products and lower total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, according to lead investigator Dr. Noel Bairey Merz. Applying research to food choices The FDA recommends consuming at lest 25 grams of soy protein each day for increased cardiovascular health. Although foods made from soybeans are often foreign to the typical American diet, try to include these foods in our weekly or daily food choices.