As your pet ages, lean muscle mass decreases, and body fat increases. To make matters worse, metabolism slows and exercise decreases in the older pet. Obesity decreases mobility, and increases the risks of many disorders including diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and liver disease. All things being equal, an obese pet does not have as good a quality of life as a lean one. Needless to say it is incumbent on the pet owner to ensure proper nutrition and exercise throughout a pet's life.
Many older pets develop joint disabilities.
These may manifest only as stiffness getting up or intermittent lameness. Severe arthritis however can greatly detract from the older animal's quality of life. A regimen of appropriate vitamin and mineral supplementation, along with moderate exercise and massage, will be extremely beneficial. In addition, acupuncture is sometimes useful. Many crippled pets are able to lead normal lives when these methods are employed.