Air pollution results mainly from vehicle emissions and strict smoke checks are done at the time of vehicle registration renewal. In 1994 unleaded fuel was introduced into the country. Chlorinated water for domestic use is available in cities, while other areas use tube wells and small scale impounding dams for their regular water supply.
Rural areas depend on rain water, shallow wells, streams and river water.
Drinking water surveillance is done by the National Health Laboratory of the Ministry of Health. Regular collection and safe disposal of solid waste is done by the city development committees. The country has a national food safety policy and plan of action. The recently formed food and drugs advisory committee provides technical assistance to the food safety programme. The implementing unit is a food and drugs division formed in 1993 under the department of health.