The variable in Graph 2 is GNP per capita in 1988. It is interesting to note that none of these transformations show high quality rendering for a conversion to normality. So we might use the log transforms for one variable and the reciprocal square root for the other variable as the best approximations to analyze the correlation between under five years of age mortality rates and gnp per capita. Graph 3 Relationship between energy consumption and GNP per capita Graph 3 is a graph with a regression line showing the best fit using ordinary least squares for 128 countries in the world in 1985. The graph shows the relationship between gross national product per capita and energy consumption per capita.
Outliers is a term used to describe data points that are considered to be extremes in a set of data.
Graph 4 breaks this initial relationship down by first world countries. The thought then was that a group of countries would side with neither the first world, mainly the Western European NATO group, nor the Soviet Bloc countries, or the second world, and a final group of third world countries who were unaligned. Graph 4 shows the first world countries as approximations only of the group today. The world has changed a lot since then. Thus these are countries who Jon Ebeling, the instructor in this course, believes have characteristics that make them similar in terms of wealth and the production of wealth and in terms of their procedures for democratic choices.