Thank you for your time. Well, there actually was a solar eclipse on Christmas Day 2000 for much of North America. The penumbra refers to part of the shadow cast during an eclipse.
Penumbras occur in both solar and lunar eclipses .
The outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere is the corona . Yup, x-rays come from the Sun all the time. X-rays from the Sun are emitted mainly from the corona layer of the Sun. When there is a solar flare, there could be a bigger amount of x-rays coming towards the Earth. The Sun is a star .