The Nile River begins in the highlands of East Africa, flows northward across the Sudan and enters Egypt. A huge dam was constructed at Aswan. It provides water when needed as well as hydroelectric power. Nile River Mini Tour Climate Egypt has a dry, hot climate with mild winters. Alexandria has the highest rainfall, with a mean of 7.5 inches each year.
Most rain falls in the winter.
During the spring and summer early morning fog comes on the Nile Delta to provide some additional needed moisture. The prophet Muhammad in 632. After his death Arabs conquered Egypt from the Byzantine Empire in 639 to 641. Most Egyptians, who were Christians, converted to Islam. Arabic replaced the Egyptian language, which was restricted to use in the Coptic church.