Society benefits from microorganisms in many ways. They are necessary for the production of bread, cheese, beer, antibiotics, vaccines, vitamins, enzymes, and many other important products. Indeed, modern biotechnology rests upon a microbiological foundation.
Microorganisms are indispensible components of our ecosystems.
They make possible the cycles of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur that take place in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. They also are a souce of nutrients at the base of all ecological food chains and webs. Enveloped, non-enveloped acellular, obligate intracellular parasites not applicable virion particles, encased in durable state host common cold, flu, HIV, herpes, chicken pox, etc. Not surprisingly, the field of microbiology began simultaneously with the discovery of microorganisms . A microbiologist usually first isolates a specific microorganisms from a population and then cultures it.