One of the primary components of integrated pest management is the use of biological control.
Many predators are common in commercial tree fruit orchards in Pennsylvania.
The pesticide recommendations in this guide are based in large part on allowing the survival of these natural enemies. The alternate row middle application scheme allows for refugia for natural enemies. Pesticides with high toxicity to natural enemies are not recommended or are recommended only during the time of the season where disruption is minimal. The cornerstone of the Pennsylvania integrated pest management program is conservation of Stethorus , a small black ladybird beetle that feeds on mites. Other predatory mites are of increasing importance in mite management.