Until well into the 20 th century most countries in Europe have not provided religious liberty and have never enjoyed the blessings of religious pluralism. In those countries communism, fascism and national-socialism functioned as state ideologies in a similar fashion as state churches had previously been instrumentalized by the powers that be. Thus, religious communities may help to safeguard against political extremism, contribute positively to civilized society and, in case of emergencies, serve as bases for resistance. Religious liberty must be protected by government. Religious liberty involves the free exercise of religion, both individually and in community.
Religious liberty excludes the attempt on the part of the government to define what a religion is.
Religious liberty restricts the role of government to be its protector and a guarantor of its free exercise. Religious liberty includes the right of people to change their religious affiliation, or to have none at all, without any civil advantage or disadvantage. Religious liberty excludes any discrimination on the basis of religious affiliation. Religious liberty puts all religions on an equal basis before the law and in public and excludes government endorsement for, or restriction of, any religious group. Religious liberty involves the free and voluntary support of adherents of churches and religions.