Serum is the diagnostic specimen of choice in most cases. This is particularly true in instances of suspected reproductive forms of the disease. Thoracic fluid from fresh aborted or stillborn fetuses may also be useful. Prevention, Management, and Control Prevention of PRRS in a naive herd depends on the ability to prevent introduction of infected animals. This is a challenge considering the number of routes of transmission possible.
Primary transmission is via direct contact but aerosol and fomite transmission are possible.
Pigs can be nonclinical carriers for several months. A procedure consisting of a strict quarantine schedule is recommended. Minimum quarantine time is 45 to 60 days. Sentinel animals should be exposed to the quarantine area for detection of disease and acclimation of the new pigs. Serological testing must be done on the new animals and sentinels.