Mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 60 inches and is evenly distributed throughout the year. Mean annual temperature ranges from 47 to 53 degrees F. Annual frost-free days range from 100 to 140. These are the competing Belmont , Calvin , and Shouns soils, and the Berks , Dekalb , Gauley , and Mandy soils. Gauley and Mandy soils have frigid soil temperature regimes and are at higher elevations on the mountain landscape. Well drained with medium to very rapid runoff.
Permeability is moderate.
Benches are commonly cleared and used for pasture. The series is extensive, with estimated acreage exceeding 350,000 acres.