Penguins are the birds who gave up flying in the sky.
Instead, they can fly the best around in the seawater than any other birds. Mechanism of propulsion by beating in penguins is similarly analyzed to work in regular birds by substituting the buoyancy for the gravity. In this presentation, beating patterns, their motion analyses and diving concerning penguins will be explained. Dinoflagellates are protista which have a longitudinal flagellum and a transverse flagellum in order to swim. This model clearly explained the functions of the two flagella in swimming by estimation of driving forces and energy consumpiton.