Many physiological functions in the animal are dependent on water. Water is a universal solvent and is involved in various metabolic and transport functions within the body.
Many joints utilize water as a lubricant and water is involved in the senses of sight and hearing.
Water is a critical requirement in lactating cows especially in the milk production process. Normal rumen fermentation, digestion and absorption of nutrients require a plentiful supply of water. Because of these factors, water consumption can vary from 2.5 to 25 gallons per day. It has been known that drinking patterns of cows are consistent both in the summer and winter. Producers should take notice of this short peak of drinking activity and make sure that adequate water supply is available after milking in the evening.