Proofreader genes See DNA repair genes. Prophylactic surgery Surgery to remove tissue that is in danger of becoming cancerous, before cancer has the chance to develop. Surgery to remove the breasts of women at high risk of developing breast cancer is known as prophylactic mastectomy. A large, complex molecule composed of amino acids. The sequence of the amino acids, and thus the function of the protein, is determined by the sequence of the base pairs in the gene that encodes it.
Proteins are essential to the structure, function, and regulation of the body.
Examples are hormones, enzymes, and antibodies. The protein molecule assembled under the direction of a gene. The purines in DNA and RNA are adenine and guanine. Treatment with high-energy rays to kill or damage cancer cells. External radiation therapy is the use of a machine to aim high- energy rays at the cancer.