Columbus brought the orange to the West Indies, and it is known that orange trees were well established in Florida before 1565 and were growing in California by 1800. The orange now grows in the warm parts of all continents. Flowers and fruits in all stages of development are on the tree throughout the year, although a large portion of the fruits ripen at one time. The orange is attacked by many insects and fungus diseases and is quite sensitive to frost. Some oranges are artificially colored and waxed before marketing.
Oranges hybridize freely.
Most oranges, like other citrus fruits, are consumed fresh or made into juice. The fruit and rind are also much used in marmalade , preserves, flavoring, and confections. Some varieties yield perfume. The flower is a favorite for bridal decoration and is the state flower of Florida. The yellow wood, which is hard and close-grained, is manufactured into small articles.