It is caused by a tumor or hyperplasia of the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is located in the base of the skull and regulates the activities of many glands and body processes. Adrenocorticotropic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland stimulates the adrenal gland to release the hormone cortisol or hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid that controls the body's use of carbohydrates , fats , and proteins , and also plays a role in suppressing the body's response to inflammation.
Risk factors are a pituitary tumor .
The incidence is 6 out of 100,000 people. There is no known way to prevent this disorder. Tests are done to confirm hypercortisolism , then to determine the cause. After resection, the pituitary function usually returns to normal. Hydrocortisone replacement therapy is indicated during the recovery process.