The cause is unknown, but genetic factors seem to play a role. Chronic ulcerative colitis occurs in the same families. Inflammation frequently occurs at the end of the small intestine where it joins the large intestine, but it may affect any area of the digestive tract. The intestinal wall becomes thick, and deep ulcers may form. The disease may occur at any age, but adolescence and early adulthood are the prevalent age groups.
Risk factors are family history of Crohn's disease or Jewish ancestry.
The incidence is 7 out of 10,000 people. There is no known way to prevent this disorder. Medications may control the inflammatory process. Antibiotics are prescribed to treat abscesses and fistulas, if present. An adequate intake of calories, vitamins , and protein is important.