Oceanographers are predominantly employed in research, both pure and applied. Their goal is to produce a new understanding of an ocean system and to explore the potential consequences of human activities on the marine environment. They are involved in sample and data collection, their analyses and interpretation, and preparation and dissemination of the results.
Oceanographers work at sea, on land, in laboratories, and at computers.
A degree in oceanography can also serve as a background for a career in teaching, administration, marine affairs, environmental studies, production, inspection, computing, instrumentation development, and statistical analysis. Most oceanographers are employed in educational and research institutions. Another large percentage is employed by federal government agencies such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Geological Survey, Office of Naval Research, U.S. Department of Interior, U.S. Coast Guard, and National Marine Fisheries Service. Other employers include state and local governments in coastal areas and independent consulting firms doing research for private companies and government agencies. Additional positions are available in research and development for companies extracting and harvesting the ocean's resources.