Sample sizes ranged from about 3,000 to over 10,800 depending on the respective NHIS survey and dependent variable. Data analyses were conducted by bivariate and multiple logistic regression. 0.56 to 0.66 for mammography in the past 2 years. Results for lighter smokers were not as consistent. Former smokers often had significantly higher screening rates than never smokers.
Research still needs t identify reasons for lower screening among women who smoke.
Factors to explore include the social networks of smokers and broader health behavior patterns. Clinicians should consider heavier smoking as a marker for risk of not obtaining screening and make assessment of screening status a priority at each visit. Copyright 1999 American Health Foundation and Academic Press. TI - Pap smear screening among urban Southwestern American Indian women. American Indian women have among the highest incidence and mortality rates of cervix cancer in the United States.