The Arabic title given to Aristotle's fifth book on logic, viz. See also milk . The term jism is used specifically to denote the minerals. The simple substance, i.e. a body composed of one and the same element like that of a heavenly sphere. Mathematical body, i.e. a three-dimensional continuum or volume having length, breadth and depth.
Natural bodies make the subject-matter of physics.
As a general term jauhar signifies everything that exists in reality, all bodies and parts of bodies, the sky and the stars and the earth, water and fire and air, plants and animals, in short all things in the visible world. According to the Mutakallimun, particularly the Ash'arites, jauhar is merely a bearer of accidents, and as a substratum of accidents it is constituted of atoms which by their aggregate compose the body.