Like other deserts, it is defined as an area of low precipitation, generally less than 10 inches per year at lower elevations. Specific plant communities and climate patterns differentiate the Chihuahuan Desert from other deserts. One plant in particular, the lechuguilla, is unique to the Chihuahuan Desert. The plant, growing in a green rosette of thick, fibrous leaves tipped with wicked spines, quickly makes itself apparent to unwary hikers at Big Bend. Water is of paramount importance in the desert country of Big Bend National Park.
Plants adapt to the hot, dry terrain by growing small leaves.
Waxy coatings limit transpiration of water by plants. Cacti have done away with leaves altogether. Plants such as the ocotillo only produce leaves after sufficient rainfall. Animals also adapt to the arid conditions. Most come out to feed and hunt only at night during cooler temperatures.