Many programs increase young adults' knowledge about reproductive health a necessary first step.
Far fewer programs lead to safer sexual behavior, however. The other 45 programs did not clearly lead to safer sexual behavior, and they did not have all nine characteristics. The four successful programs were all based on similar assumptions about the way people learn and change their behavior, and they were similar in program content, program design, and emphasis on training. Based on a theory of behavior change. The four programs with a positive impact on sexual or contraceptive behavior were based on social learning theory, social influence theories, or theories of reasoned action.