Evolutionary Altruism - A trait is said to be evolutionarily altruistic because of the effects it has on fitness. Thus, a mindless organism can be an evolutionary altruist. Thus described, it is obvious that altruistic desires exist. The controversy about psychological altruism is not about whether such motives exist, but whether they are ultimate or merely instrumental. The theory known as psychological egoism maintains that all ultimate motives are self-directed.
Psychological hedonism is one variety of egoistic theory.
Hedonism claims that the only ultimate motives that people have are the attainment of pleasure and the avoidance of pain. The only thing we care about as an end in itself are states of our own consciousness. This special form of hedonism is the hardest one to refute. It is easy enough to see from human behavior that people don't always try to maximize their access to consumer goods. However, even when someone chooses a job with a lower salary over one with a higher one, the hedonist can interpret this choice as being motivated by the desire to feel good and to avoid feeling bad.