Just one day off work can give you three great days on the slopes, leaving you with the feeling of having been away for ages and returning to work feeling really refreshed. And it does not need to cost a huge amount. Assuming you are travelling from northern Europe to the Alps, the key to making the most of your time is to catch late flights each way. Try to avoid Munich if you are travelling out on a Friday or back on a Sunday - the queues on the motorway can be horrendous as the whole of Munich seems to go weekend skiing and the airport is on the far side of the city from the Alps. Booking a rental car or taxi in advance is usually cheaper than arranging one on arrival.
Many tour operators can arrange that as part of a complete weekend package.
As for choosing a resort, there are various considerations. Ideally, you want somewhere within a short drive of your arrival airport. But by definition, resorts close to major airports are close to large numbers of people poised to hit the slopes on fine weekends, which can mean queues for the lifts, crowds on the slopes and competition for hotel beds. Meg ve and Les Contamines in the Mont Blanc area, Flaine and La Clusaz in France, and Villars and Les Diablerets in Switzerland. All these are within an hour or so of Geneva by car.