The Niobrara River meanders through the Refuge and has cut a deep canyon through the prairie. The canyon and central location of the Refuge in the continent bring parts of five ecosystems together, the northern boreal forest, Rocky Mountain forest, eastern deciduous forest, tall grass and short grass prairies. Many birds are attracted to the Refuge by the varied habitats. Many neotropical migrants are found in wooded breaks along the river. Additionally, many species of sparrows, a challenge for the bird watcher to identify, can be found in the rolling prairie.
Raptors soar above the hills and canyon edges.
Following are five recommended areas to observe birds on the Refuge. You may also want to stop at the visitor center to check on recent sightings or tips. Bur Oak Picnic Area. A year-round hot spot for viewing songbirds and raptors. Fort Falls Trail.