Overgrazing Too many animals are kept on an area of land, vegetation cover is removed, wind and rain erode the soil Rotate animals on different fields. Deforestation Farmers remove woodlands and hedgerows. Less protection from the wind and rain lead to increase in erosion. Afforestation - planting trees. Up and down ploughing This is when farmers plough up and down hills.
Rainfall flows down furrows removing top soil.
Farmers should plough following contours.