Severe strain requires surgical repair. Chronic strains are caused by overuse. Acute strains are caused by direct injury or overstress. Muscles and tendons of the trunk and hip. Pain when moving or stretching the leg or trunk.
Muscle spasm at the injury site.
Swelling at the injury site. Inflammation of the tendon sheath. Prolonged overuse of muscle-tendon units in the region of the iliac crest. Single violent injury or force applied to the muscle-tendon units in the upper pelvic area. Contact sports such as football, soccer or hockey.