Welding metallurgy, arc welding consumables design, materials joining processes, phase transformations in weld systems. My interest in welding and joining sciences actually started about 20 years ago when I was a research metallurgist working in the areas of steel making and ingot pouring in an integrated steel mill. The intense chemical reactions in a ladle of molten steel fascinated me. In fusion welding, you have the same ingredients of excitement but with at least one extra degree of challenge - the dynamic nature of the welding process.
Reactions happen in the molten weld pool only in a matter of seconds.