They are most common in men, primarily because of the unsupported space left in the groin after the testicles descend into the scrotum. Some patients with hernias are unaware of their presence until the hernias are pointed out to them. The patient may notice a bulge under the skin without any associated symptoms. Symptomatic hernias produce a wide variety of nonspecific symptoms. Discomfort related to the contents of the hernia sac and pressure of the sac on the surrounding tissue Pain when lifting a heavy object, coughing, or straining during urination or bowel movement.
Most hernias are reducible.
The contents of the hernia sac can be squeezed back into the abdominal cavity without difficulty. If the hernia remains bulging for a long time or the contents of the hernia are crowded, then it may be difficult to reduce the hernia. This is an incarcerated hernia. This is called a strangulated hernia and is a surgical emergency. Diagnosis Hernias are usually easy to diagnose on physical examination.