The cause is unknown. The disease usually occurs in women over 30 years old who have borne children, and rarely occurs in women who have not carried a pregnancy to term.
Prevention is unknown.
An intrauterine wall sample may be necessary for pathological evaluation. An abdominal MRI could be useful, but the cost precludes its routine use. A hysterectomy may be necessary in women with severe symptoms who are not approaching menopause soon. Most treatment attempts with hormonal supplements have been unsuccessful. Symptoms usually resolve after menstruation ceases.