Expensive to use genset unless for other purposes additional to pumping. Expensive to use genset unless for other purposes additional to pumping. However, the market for PV pumps has not grown as fast as expected a decade ago. Photovoltaic systems have several beneficial features including virtually no recurrent costs. They can be considered for power requirements below 4 kWp, and are attractive below 2 kWp.
Most hand pumps are robust.
Most models available on the market can be operated by virtually anyone, from child to elder. Hand pumping is a poor option for those who can afford other options. The pump should be robust, easy to maintain, require as little human energy as possible, and be easy to maintain. A number of such pumps are available. 3.3 Windpumps have been used to pump water for a thousand years.