The skin is the largest organ of the human body and the condition of the skin is a barometer of health. Dry skin is a normal part of aging. Caregivers must assist the care recipient with frequent position changes if the care recipient is unable to do so independently. Skin should be examined regularly for signs of pressure, especially on the bony parts of the body. If left untreated these ulcers can penetrate through the skin, into the muscle and bone.
Pressure ulcers are extremely painful and often require surgical repair.
Monitor nutrition closely. Eating a well-balanced diet is especially important for people who are very ill. Two common, serious hindrances to good nutrition are difficulty swallowing and problems with chewing. Food may need to be pureed and liquids thickened to facilitate swallowing and to prevent choking. Care recipients with dementia may have a greater caloric need.