Until recently viewed as a subspecies of Caiman crocodilus - C. c. yacare .
Most recent sources give it full species status.
Found in a variety of habitat types, similar to Caiman crocodilus - wetlands, rivers and lakes. Often associated with floating mats of vegetation. Has the southernmost distribution of all caimans. Similar in general design to Caiman crocodilus , reaching lengths of 2.5 to 3 m. Like the common caiman, its scales have well-developed osteoderms. The less ossified flanks are used in the skin trade.