In addition, the methods and procedures that scientists used to obtain evidence must be clearly reported to enhance opportunities for further investigation. The physical properties of compounds reflect the nature of the interactions among its molecules. These interactions are determined by the structure of the molecule, including the constituent atoms and the distances and angles between them. Carbon atoms can bond to one another in chains, rings, and branching networks to form a variety of structures, including synthetic polymers, oils, and the large molecules essential to life. The electric force is a universal force that exists between any two charged objects.
Opposite charges attract while like charges repel.
The strength of the force is proportional to the charges, and, as with gravitation, inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Between any two charged particles, electric force is vastly greater than the gravitational force. Most observable forces such as those exerted by a coiled spring or friction may be traced to electric forces acting between atoms and molecules. Moving electric charges produce magnetic forces, and moving magnetism produce electric forces. These effects help students to understand electric motors and generators.