Although rural crime rates have been growing slowly in the last few years, rural crime rates are significantly lower than urban rates. Only 632 crimes for every 10,000 people occur in rural areas, compared to 1,638 in the four main cities. Levels of health are generally better in rural Scotland, although this tends to be counterbalanced by an older age structure with higher illness rates. Death rates, when standardised for age and sex, are also lower. Despite the production of high quality produce in rural areas, food and diet in rural areas, and the impact of this on health has been a focus of concern.
Research suggests that poverty is as widespread in rural Scotland as it is in urban areas.
In addition, there is a greater polarisation of income in rural areas - with more high and low income households. If rural residents themselves are asked about poverty or disadvantage, their subjective assessment of their needs is often at odds with objective definitions. Many that could be described as low income or experiencing exclusion do not acknowledge their need, or perceive themselves as being advantaged by their rural lifestyle rather than disadvantaged by it. Elderly people reliant on state pensions, or living in Below Tolerable Standard housing are particularly vulnerable, and research suggests that many elderly people in rural areas are reluctant to claim welfare benefits. Research suggests that families living in rural areas view rural communities as a very positive environment in which to raise young children.