In nature, cavity-nesting birds use old woodpecker holes or other hollows in trees. If you own a woodlot, one of the best things you can do for wildlife is to leave the standing dead trees that can provide cavities for nesting birds. Mammals such as flying squirrels and raccoons will also use hollows in trees. There are a variety of native birds that will utilize a nest box. Open field habitat is preferred by the Eastern bluebird and American Kestrel.
Purple martins prefer open areas near water and also buildings.
The Carolina wren and house wren prefer shrubby edge areas which are often found in backyards. Wetlands are the home of the wood duck and prothonotary warbler. Select your nest box based on the habitat you have available. Each species requires specific sizes for the box and opening. All boxes should be made to open easily for maintenance.