A genetic engineer has no such restriction. This unprecedented ability to shuffle genes means that genetic engineers can concoct gene combinations that would never be found in nature. Contrary to the arguments made by some proponents, genetic engineering is far from being a minor extension of existing breeding technologies. It is a radically new technology for altering the traits of living organisms by inserting genetic material that has been manipulated by artificial means. Because of this, genetic engineering may one day encompass the routine addition of novel genes that have been wholly synthesized in the laboratory.
Novel organisms bring novel risks, however, as well as the desired benefits.