Despite resistance from the religious authorities, the success of science in explaining and predicting the natural world could not be ignored. God, he argued, would not deceive our senses. This felicitous reconciliation between Cartesian rationalism, a belief in God and the support for empiricism did not survive for long. With his invention of sociology, Comte was suggesting that our knowledge of human beings could be explained using similar methods to those of the natural sciences. We are not justified therefore in making a general rule from this observation of particulars.
Popper gives the following example.
Europeans for thousands of years had observed millions of white swans. Using inductive evidence, we could come up with the theory that all swans are white. However exploration of Australasia introduced Europeans to black swans. Induction cannot yield certainty. Popper was also critical of the naive empiricist view that we objectively observe the world.