Latex comes from the milky sap of the rubber tree, Hevea Brasiliensis. Latex contains hundreds of proteins. These are systemic reactions with symptoms inclusive of, but not limited to hives, rhinitis, and broncho constriction. In the process of making latex heat-stable and elastic, latex goes through a process of vulcanization, and chemicals are added to promote strength, stretch and durability. An additional source of glove allergy may come from the talc or cornstarch powder used in some gloves.
Powders can bind with latex protein, which allows the antigen to reach the wearers skin.
Additionally, when removing the gloves, this powder can be aerosolized and become a sensitizer via inhalation. If choosing latex, powder free is preferable with reduced extractable proteins. If picking synthetic rubber gloves such as neoprene or styrene butadiene, keep in mind that it is still possible to acquire contact dermatitis due to the chemicals used in manufacture. Non-latex gloves should be used when there is little potential for contact with infectious materials. Hands should be washed before and after glove use.