Because the country lacks proper international trade statistics, trade figures are only approximations. The April 1999 tenge devaluation increased Kazakhstani exports by making the price of Kazakhstani-made products more competitive. The devaluation, along with increased world market prices for oil and minerals, Kazakhstan's principal exports, successfully reduced what was a dramatically growing trade deficit. Most foreign direct investment comes from Western investors and South Korea. Kazakhstan's railroad system is linked to Europe via Russia, to the Persian Gulf via Iran, and to the Pacific Rim via China and Russia.
Regular flights connect Kazakhstan with Europe and some Asian countries.
Kazakhstan's government-run railroads are poorly funded and, consequently, in very weak financial condition. The three state railroad companies were merged into one national company in January 1997. A paved road network connects all major cities. However, lack of funds since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 has left most roads in a state of disrepair. U.S. companies should monitor infrastructure tenders supported by international financial institutions to identify potential business opportunities.