Chloroplasts are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugar. A cell contains individual structures inside of it. These structures are called organelles . Eukaryotic cells are distinguished by the fact that they have nuclei. In general, there is one nucleus in each eukaryotic cell, and it contains the genetic material for the cell in the form of chromatin .
Prokaryotic cells tend to be small in size.
Prokaryotic cells are enclosed by a cell wall made of complex polysaccharides , which are many sugar molecules linked together in a complex way. This polysaccharide wall provides the prokaryotic cell with protection and support. The DNA in prokaryotic cells is usually a long circular molecule, and it is not associated with proteins. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus which contains the cellular genes in the form of chromatin. Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins.