Science focuses on empirical phenomena. Science is provisions. Findings and conclusions are open to replication and dispute, not accepted as absolute and final. Research approaches based on data types Qualitative data focuses on characteristics that a variable may have which are holistic. Qualitative research focuses on a gestalt or holistic based perspective of understanding.
Quantitative research focuses on statistical modeling and reporting as the basis of understanding.
For example, gender or religion. For example, the first, second, and third. For example, the two most common ways we measure temperature are both interval scale. 0 is not the absence of heat, and the temperature can fall below 0, and get colder. What's important is that 70 degrees is NOT twice as much heat at 35 degrees. For example, weight scales.