It is caused by meningococcal bacteria, which can also infect the blood. When this bacteria also infects the blood, it is called meningococcal disease. Meningococcal disease is rare, striking about 1 per 100,000 people in the general population and 3.8 per 100,000 students living in residence halls in the U.S. annually. A recent study found that college students are at no greater risk of contracting meningococcal disease than 18-22 year olds in general, but that the rate of infection is slightly higher among first year students, especially those living in residence halls. Meningococcal Disease is a Medical Emergency Understanding the characteristic signs and symptoms of meningococcal disease is critical and possibly lifesaving, because meningococcal disease can cause serious illness and rapidly progress to death if untreated.
Meningococcal disease is difficult to detect because it can be mistaken for other conditions.
A person may have flu-like symptoms for a few days before experiencing a rapid progression to severe meningococcal disease. Also see In a Medical Emergency. Meningococcal Disease Description Includes meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia, an infection of the blood. More rare and more serious than other kinds of meningitis. Symptoms Sudden fever and severe headache can be initial manifestations.