Myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction, or heart attack, occurs when the blood flow to the heart muscles stops or is reduced sufficiently for long enough to cause cell death. In most cases, myocardial infarction is caused by blockages in coronary arteries by thrombosis.
Myocardial infarction is uncommon in women of reproductive age.
Because of this, studies of large populations are needed to determine factors that cause this condition in this population group. Only limited data are available, which show that age, cigarette smoking, diabetes, hypertension and raised total blood cholesterol are important risk factors for myocardial infarction in young women. Most contraceptive users are healthy with a low incidence of major disease. Thus, even though serious adverse events occur infrequently in contraceptive users, they tend to have greater implications than adverse events arising during the treatment of sick patients. In addition, the very large number of women using steroid hormone contraceptives throughout the world means that even a modest rise in risk has the potential to affect a large number of women.