The subsurface tier is dominated by sapric material with a rubbed fiber content of less than 16 percent of the organic volume. The subsurface and bottom tiers have platy structure or are massive. They are very friable or friable. Unrubbed organic material resembles herbaceous and woody plant tissues. The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4.
Redoximorphic features are present in some pedons.
It ranges from coarse sand to loamy fine sand and their gravelly analogs. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 40 percent. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to strongly acid. This is the Makinen series which are from outside LRR R and S. The Makinen soils receive less 31 inches of precipitation and have less gravel in the substratum. Freetown and Paupack are similar soils in related families.