Neurosurgery provides surgical repair and treatment of nervous system disorders. Patients generally see a neurologist first and receive a referral to a neurosurgeon. Nuclear Medicine refers to imaging techniques that use radioactive substances to detect and treat disease. Many, but not all, obstetricians are gynecologists. Oncology relates to the causes, development, characteristics and treatment of tumors, particularly cancerous ones.
Ophthalmology is the study of the eye, and the diagnosis and treatment of disorders that affect it.
Ophthalmologists not only perform vision tests and prescribe glasses or contact lenses, but also the surgery to treat eye disorders, such as cataracts, glaucoma, retinal detachment and obstructed tear ducts. Orthopaedic Surgery encompasses disorders of bones, joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments. They are also well-versed in facial plastic surgery. P Pathology is the study of disease, its causes, mechanisms and effects on the body. Pathologists are physicians who conduct the laboratory tests of tissues and cells to help other physicians diagnose conditions.