The sequence cycles every 5 seconds. Parallel line sizing. Effect of elevation changes. Sewer lines can be partially full. Tuberculation effect on plain pipes.
Paper stock can have any percent consistency.
Horsepower of pumps, blowers and compressors. Boiler horsepower, heat content and saturation temperature of steam systems. Round, square and 5 rectangular equivalent duct sizes for HVAC, ventilation and exhaust systems. Equivalent pipe lengths of fittings and valves. Closed loop piping networks for gases and liquids.