Babies who are most likely to be susceptible to chronic lung disease are those born prematurely or with low birth weight. Some babies outgrow the condition as the lungs mature. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition that involves over- production in the lungs of thick, sticky mucus that clogs the airways and makes breathing difficult. These children are particularly prone to severe lung infections and have chronic intestinal problems. Depending on the seriousness, your child may be restricted in his or her activities.
Most defects are treat- able with medication or surgery.
Heart murmurs themselves are usually not considered serious defects and children diagnosed with murmurs are not typically restricted in their activities as they get older. Some children with congenital heart disease may have greater problems fighting off infections. Research indicates that early, aggressive treatment can prolong life. Some medications used in transplants and cancer treatments can also leave children vulnerable to more severe infections. Neurologic impairment - including but not limited to cerebral palsy, myasthenia, and metabolic disorders with neurologic manifestations Children with neurologic disorders and metabolic diseases that have neurologic complications are known to be at a higher risk than the general population, for respiratory illness, especially pneumonia.