Moreover, all nations have the right to lay submarine cables and pipelines on the continental shelf. In the case of artificial islands, installations, and structures located in the exclusive economic zones or on the continental shelf beyond the territorial sea, safety zones may not extend beyond 500 meters from the outer edges of the facility in question, except as authorized by generally accepted international standards. Except as nations may have otherwise consented through treaties or other international agreements, the aircraft of all nations are free to operate in international airspace without interference by other nations. The upper limit of airspace subject to national jurisdiction has not been authoritatively defined by international law. International practice has established that airspace terminates at some point below the point at which artificial satellites can be placed in orbit without free-falling to earth.
Outer space begins at that undefined point.
All nations enjoy a freedom of equal access to outer space and none may appropriate it to its national airspace or exclusive use.