In a vasectomy, the vas deferentia are cut or tied so sperm can no longer be ejaculated with the semen. Minor surgery is needed for both procedures. The birth control pill is very effective and can be safely used by most women. A physical exam and a prescription are needed to obtain this form of birth control. To be effective, pills must be taken once a day, every day, at the same time everyday.
Most people have no side effects from birth control pills, except lighter and less painful periods.
If other effects occur, pill type and dosage can usually be adjusted to reduce or eliminate them. Progesterone-based methods using implants or shots eliminate the need for daily pills. These methods also require an exam, as well as repeated visits every three months to get the shots. Progesterone implants are put under the skin in the arm and are effective for 3 years. Side effects can be more confusing with progesterone methods, so careful review with a healthcare provider is needed before using this method.