IEEE Expert, pp. 34-44, December 1992. Telecommunication systems are large, distributed networks of interconnected components which need to be monitored and managed in real time. An architecture for real-time reasoning and system control . In many domains such as military reconnaissance, agents have explicit, predefined procedural plans.
Procedures are thus a fundamental source of agent knowledge.
Although some of the representations are not in direct procedural form, as in Universal Plans, they can be mapped into step by step procedures. Francois F. Ingrand, Michael P. Georgeff, and Anand S. Rao. An architecture for real-time reasoning and system control .