Through systematic observation and experimentation, physicists describe in mathematical terms the structure of the universe and the interaction of matter and energy. Physicists develop theories that describe the fundamental forces and laws of nature. Determining the basic laws governing phenomena such as gravity, electromagnetism, and clear interactions leads to discoveries and innovations. Frequently, these endeavors directly or indirectly result in new technologies which have a profound effect on everyday life.
Most physicists work in research and development.
Some conduct basic research to increase scientific knowledge. Often that which physicist design for their research can be applied to other areas. Many physicists conduct applied research and help develop new devices, products, and processes. For instance, their knowledge of solid-state physics led to the development of transistors and then to the integrated circuits used in calculators and computers. A small number of physicists work in inspection, testing, quality control, and other production-related jobs in industry.