Risk Analysis, its quarterly journal appears the same year. By 1999 SRA has over 2,200 members worldwide and active sub-groups in Europe and Japan. Through its efforts, the terms risk assessment and risk management are familiar in North American and European legislatures. William Ruckelshaus delivers his speech on Science, Risk and Public Policy to the National Academy of Sciences, launching the risk management idea in public policy. Ruckelshaus had been the first director of the Environmental Protection Agency, from 1970-73, and returned in 1983 to lead EPA into a more principled framework for environmental policy.
Risk management reaches the national political agenda.
The Institute for Risk Management begins in London. Several years later, under the guidance of Dr. Gordon Dickson, it begins an international set of examinations leading to the designation, Fellow of the Institute of Risk Management, the first continuing education program looking at risk management in all its facets. That same year the Congress of the U.S. passes a revision to the Risk Retention Act of 1982, substantially broadening its application, in light of an insurance cost and availability crisis. Its shock waves are global, reminding all investors of the inherent risk and volatility in the market. Much of its work is detailed in Natural Disaster Management, a 319 page synopsis on the nature of hazards, social and community vulnerability, risk assessment, forecasting, emergency management, prevention, science, communication, politics, financial investment, partnerships, and the challenge for the 21st Century.