The main sign is oliguria or anuria, occurring over several hours or a few days. Sometimes, however, renal failure occurs without oliguria, with normal or increased excretion of water and electrolytes. The ECG may be helpful to assess hyperkalaemia. Particular care should be taken with fluid balance during the polyuric phase.
Most patients recover.
Renal function should be monitored until normalised. Cardiff, March 1995. V. Danel, T. Meredith, J. Szajewski, A. Wong, J. Pronczuk.