He is also working in cell culture systems to study the mechanisms of neuron degeneration caused by free radicals and is also involved in studies to define a diagnostic marker related to oxidative damage in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD subjects. Disease Research Center and a program project grant on Alzheimer s disease. Clumps of beta-amyloid protein form outside brain cells. These proteins attack cell membranes, allowing calcium to leak in, killing cells. Butterfield found certain proteins can prevent cell membrane damage by increasing production of anti-oxidant enzymes.
Researchers eventually hope to develop anti-oxidant pills that protect brain cells.
Alzheimer's is the fourth leading cause of death among the elderly. By the year 2000, researchers estimate that five million Americans will be diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.