They are on nearly level to steeply dissected slopes on Wisconsinan age lake plains, outwash plains and deltas.
Permeability is moderately rapid or rapid.
Slope ranges from 0 to 60 percent. The mean annual temperature is about 49 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation is about 37 inches. Solum thickness ranges from 40 to 75 inches. Typically, rock fragments are lacking, but some pedons contain up to 5 percent fine gravel throughout the soil. Unless limed, reaction is very strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper solum, and strongly acid to neutral in the lower solum and strongly acid to moderately alkaline in the C horizon.