Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid. The Btx horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid. Brittleness is evident in 30 to 60 percent of the mass. It is clay, silty clay, and, less commonly, silty clay loam or their gravelly or very gravelly analogues.
Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a thin stone line at the top of the 2Btb horizon. There are not other series in this family. Series in similar families are the Baraboo , Blackhammer , Cadiz , Dodge , Dubuque , Hackers , Jackson , Knowles , La Farge , Lomira , Marseilles , Mentor , Palermo , Palsgrove , Pottersville , Russell , Sandview , Stubenville , Uniontown , Westbend , Westmore , Wrengart , and Yellowriver series. Baraboo, Dubuque, Knowles, La Farge, and Marseilles soils have a lithic or paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Blackhammer soils have a soil temperature of less than 54 degrees F., and have the lower part of the solum formed in stratified loamy pedisediment.