The chief crops include spring wheat, corn, millet, gaoliang, flax, and soybeans. A great deal of land reclamation has taken place in Heilongjiang Province. State farms have become the main form of agricultural organization in the land reclamation areas. The lowlands contain extensive areas of rich, river-borne alluvial soils. Precipitation is abundant, and the winters are mild.
Rice is the main crop, but cotton, tea, and oilseeds are also important.
Half of the country's rice is produced in this region. The farming methods are very intensive and yields are high. Much of the fertile land of the middle and lower Yangtze Basin is farmed all year round. South China includes the region south of the Yangtze Basin along China's southern and southeastern coasts, a land of rugged hills and low mountains interspersed with river basins. Much of this region lies within the tropics.