If there are six or more authors, use the first author's last name and et al and follow the same procedure above for subsequent use of that work in the same paragraph. For group authors, write out the entire name for the first use in a paragraph and use an abbreviated form in subsequent uses in that paragraph if the abbreviation is clear. If there is no author, use the first item, such as the title of a work, in a shortened form that is easily connected to the entry in the reference list. The citation is placed immediately after the information used. Always give page numbers for direct quotations.
Quotation marks used with material directly quoted go before the citation, as in . . .
Sample re ference citations are included with the sample APA citations. The reference list is arranged alphabetically at the end of the paper. The page is entitled References. Indent the first line of the entry and make subsequent lines flush with the left margin. Write out the surname only and abbreviate the first and middle names, as in Stevenson, R. L .