IO Cards are also convenient because you can go and board the train without having to go through the hassle of buying a ticket. Fare maps are usually located above the vending machines. Some but not all stations have a list of fares and destinations in English. If unsure of the fare, you can buy the cheapest ticket and pay the excess at the fare adjustment window at your destination. Beside the tracks there are signs showing the train's next stop in each direction.
Private lines have their own entrances and boarding areas.
They may also have express, semi-express and local trains. A red sign on the front and sides of the train means it is an express, a blue sign usually means it is a semi-express, a plain black sign indicates a local train. If you do find yourself hurtling past your stop, the only thing to do is to get off at the next stop and go back on a local train. Many stations, especially the subways, have more than one exit. Try to find the one nearest to where you want to go.