Poxviruses practice DNA replication solely in the cytoplasm.
This is possible because poxvirus genomes encode enzymes required for transcription and replication. Through endocytosis, the viral core is released into the cytoplasm where the viral transcriptase intiates transcription. It is important to note that an RNA polymerase II subunit from the nucleus is required. The early genes code for proteins including DNA polymerase, thymidine kinase. The virions of the new viruses are assembled in allocated areas of the cytoplasm, and the virion's outer membrane and the outer bilayer fuse.