When he does take a nap in the afternoon, then he will naturally tend to stay up later at night, as you have observed. Your son's evening temper tantrums have several possible causes. If you put him to bed before he is tired, and expect him to stay alone in bed, this might cause him to be bored, frustrated, and angry. If you show impatience with him during this time, this would be upsetting to him. Another possibility is that he is frightened when he is alone in his room.
New fears begin around three years of age when children become aware of death.
I recommend staying with young children until they fall asleep. Accumulated stress can also cause evening tantrums. It is important to look for all possible sources of stress in his life, not only at bedtime, but during the day as well, and to reduce stress as much as possible. Many children need to have a good, releasing cry or tantrum before they are able to relax and fall asleep. Children need to know that they are loved and cherished no matter how they are feeling.