In microscopic hematuria, the urine appears normal to the naked eye, but examination under a microscope shows a high number of RBCs. Several conditions can cause hematuria. Most of the causes are not serious. For example, exercise may cause hematuria that goes away in 24 hours.
Many people have hematuria without having any other related problems.
But because hematuria may be the result of a tumor or other serious problem, a doctor should be consulted. In order to find the cause of hematuria, or to rule out certain causes, the doctor may order a series of tests, including urinalysis, blood tests, intravenous pyelogram, and cystoscopic examination. Urinalysis is the examination of urine for various cells and chemicals. Excessive protein in the urine also signals poor kidney function. Blood tests may reveal kidney disease if the blood contains high levels of wastes that the kidneys are supposed to remove.