All property confiscated. Largest concentration of German-Russians was in North Dakota, where 70,000 lived in 1920. Other large settlements were in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. Autonomous Socialists Soviet Republic of the Volga Germans with a population of 500,000. Stalin's collectivization and liquidation of the kulaks.
Nazis invade Russia.
Deportation of Volga colonists to Siberia. Retreat of the Wehrmacht. Flight of 350,000 colonists to the West. 80,000 escape to Germany.