A gastric or duodenal ulcer arises in the spot where the lining of the stomach or duodenum has been eroded, leaving an open sore or wound. The surrounding tissue is usually swollen and irritated. The development of these ulcers is generally thought to be the result of acids and pepsin damaging the lining of the duodenum or stomach. This is often caused by an excess of stomach acid, insufficient production of protective mucus, or both.
Many factors affect the secretion of stomach acid.
Heavy smokers or drinkers of alcohol are more prone to developing ulcers. More recent evidence has shown that duodenal and gastric ulcers are often caused by a type of bacteria called Heliobacter Pylori. The first signs of an ulcer may be a burning sensation in the duodenal or stomach area. Some call this 'heartburn'. Others feel an ache or gnawing in the stomach or duodenal area that sometimes can begin 45 to 60 minutes after meals or at night.