Important diagnostic variables include the mechanism of injury, the level of weight-bearing ability, and the presence or absence of bony tenderness. Early application of a focal compression device is the paramount measure for preserving range of motion and strength. Other important measures include early mobilization, contrast baths, strength exercise, and, on return to activity, prophylactic bracing. A cute ankle injuries are common in patients who present to the primary care office and emergency room.
Orthopedic surgeons use a grading system to describe ankle sprains.
Patients who have grade 2 sprains, in which there is some tearing of the ligaments, generally present with more significant swelling, but they generally can bear some weight. A complete tear of one or more ligaments is classified as a grade 3 sprain. Patients usually present with significant swelling and bruising and may demonstrate functional and clinical instability of the ankle. The grade of the injury or percentage of the ligament fibers torn, however, does not influence the treatment plan. The biggest decisions involve determining whether there's a major fracture or dislocation, or simply a soft-tissue injury.