In most cases, the upper esophagus ends blindly and does not connect with the lower esophagus and stomach. This connection or hole between the lower esophagus and the trachea is called an tracheoesophageal fistula. This condition is frequently complicated by aspiration of secretions into the lungs, causing pneumonia , choking and the possibility of death and is considered a surgical emergency. Immediate surgical repair of this disorder is indicated so that the lungs are not damaged and the baby can be fed. Esophageal atresia and TE fistula occur in approximately 2 or 3 infants per 10,000 births.
Prompt treatment is necessary to prevent life-threatening complications.
An X-ray of the esophagus shows an air filled pouch, and air in the stomach and intestine. Before the surgery, the infant is not fed by mouth, and care is taken to prevent the aspiration of secretions into the lungs. Early diagnosis is associated with a better outcome. Call your infant's health care provider if the infant regurgitates repeatedly after surgery, or if the infant develops breathing difficulties .