Psychodynamic Psychology - Originated by Sigmund Freud in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries. Emphasis on unconscious mental processes as prime motivators of behavior. Psychoanalysis is a form of psychotherapy that explores the unconscious roots of emotional problems. Women in Psychology Mary Calkins - Memory researcher, first woman APA president in 1905. Margaret Washburn - First woman awarded a Ph.D. in psychology in 1894.
Most psychologists take an eclectic approach today.
Usually, a doctoral degree takes between 5 and 8 years after graduation from college. Psychiatrists first graduate from medical school. Then, they specialize in the treatment of emotional and behavioral disorders in a medical residency that usually lasts 3 years. Psychoanalysts are either psychologists or psychiatrists who have additional training in Freudian psychoanaysis. There are 47 divisions of APA, each reflecting a special skill or interest area.