For the states of the Caspian basin these objectives may appear rational but mutually exclusive. The answers lie in the adoption of a sustained program of education, assistance and will. Rather than a quick application of large amounts of financial assistance and handouts, a durable, coordinated approach over a longer time frame is needed. Political leaders in the states of the region must be convinced that ultimate success depends more upon their own commitment to the future than to the will of foreigners to extend financial aid for projects which reward local short term objectives but do not support the goal of moving reform ahead. On their side donor organizations must commit to support long term projects which lack the appeal and justification of immediate return.
Many regional leaders recognize that education is the key to success.
But it is not the one or two year programs currently in favor with donors. These efforts whet the appetite of participants for the benefits of reform but do not provide the technical expertise to implement reform in countries which have had no exposure to or experience in market democracy. As a consequence, many participants opt to stay abroad or become dissatisfied with the lack of opportunity to implement reforms upon their return because they are not in position politically or technically to implement change. Moreover, their numbers are so few that they effectively are marginalized as an influential force. To correct this, programs to develop functional expertise in economics and government should be funded by the sending states with modest organizational and financial support from donor organizations.