The incision is then closed.
Outcome is usually good in the case of a single nephrectomy.
If both kidneys are removed or the remaining kidney does not function well, hemodialysis or kidney transplantation is necessary to maintain life. Convalescence is the same as in any major abdominal surgery. The patient is given intravenous fluids and pain medication . This surgery is often very painful due to the positioning during the procedure. The patient's blood pressure and fluid balance are carefully monitored as these functions are controlled in part by the kidneys.