Small, fluid-filled sacs that are called bursae reduce the friction between the ligaments, tendons, and bones of a joint. Ligament injuries range from a minor stretch to a complete tear and usually occur while the knee is twisted. Signs and symptoms of ligament damage include pain, swelling, inability to put weight on the leg, and diminished range of motion. With a ligament tear, the pain is intense and the patient has no desire to walk on it. Treatment - A torn meniscus is often treated with arthroscopic surgery that involves removal of only the damaged piece.
Recovery is quick in many patients.
However, even a minor sprain of a knee ligament may require avoidance of sports for up to 6 weeks, ice for the swelling, and physical therapy to maintain motion and strength. Medial collateral ligament injuries can heal with rest and a knee brace but unfortunately ACL injuries are more difficult. Using an arthroscope, a new ACL is constructed by using another tendon from the patient. Recovery is slow and return to baseline function doesn't always happen. This is the injury that you hear about ending someone's sports career.