To normalize the terminology used in this study these operational definitions were used as defined in regards to this study. Body fat percentage is a term used to describe the amount of fat relative to other tissues. Body fat percentage was measured with the seven site skinfold caliper assessment. Overweight is the excess amount of body weight that includes muscle, bone, fat, and water. Overweight status was measured with body mass index.
Obesity is the excess accumulation of body fat.
Muscle contractibility is the difference between the relaxed and contracted phases of a muscle. Arm ratio is the girth of the relaxed arm measurement divided by muscle contractibility. Anthropometry is the science of dealing with measurements of the human body. Therefore, weight, height, size, proportions, skinfold measurements, and girths were all technically anthropometric measurements. For this reason, specific tests were referred to by method.