Three general types of layout are used. The process layout is used when different operations are required for creating small batches of different products. The product layout is used when all products undergo the same operations in the same sequence, such as in an assembly line. A fixed-position layout is used when a very large product is produced. Operational Planning .
Operational planning is the development of plans for using production facilities and resources.
The objective of operational planning is to decide on a level of output for the facility. A planning horizon is the period during which a plan will be in effect. A common planning horizon for operational plans is one year. Estimating Market Demand . The market demand for a product is the quantity that customers will demand at the going price.