Second, it became clear from information presented at the conference that two types of workplace violence problems exist. In both cases, the hazard is a human agent-as opposed to a biologic, physical or chemical agent, as is the case in traditional occupational safety and health matters. Hazard control involving human agents is inherently difficult because of the spectrum of human variability. Type 1 situations cause the greater number of fatalities. These situations usually involve a stranger to the workplace who enters the workplace with criminal intent.
Risk factors depend on the character of the workplace.
However, since these are risk factors for attracting criminal activity, employers view them more as law enforcement matters than as occupational safety and health issues. Howard emphasized that a main objective of the conference was to change the perception of workplace violence so that it is seen as an occupational safety and health issue as well as a law enforcement problem. Many Type 1 cases rest outside of DOSH jurisdiction. Often taxicab drivers are independent contractors, and convenience or liquor stores are owned and operated by self-employed proprietors. Type 2 situations account for a very small percentage of workplace fatalities, and the larger number of non-fatal incidents.