Electrons on the outside tend to seek the lowest possible energy level. Quantum mechanics is the study of electron movements. The sunlight's radiant energy raises electrons to a higher energy level and as the electrons return to their original energy level, radiant energy is transformed into chemical energy. The first and lowest energy level can hold 2 electrons. When the outer orbits are complete then the element is more stable.
Noble gases have the outer orbits filled.
They are Helium, Neon and Argon. D. Molecules are particles consisting of two or more atoms. 1. bonds are forces joining or holding atoms together. Ionic is bonding which involves the mutual attraction of ions of the opposite charge. The sodium atom has one less electron than protons and is positively charged.