Continuing Resolution - An emergency appropriations bill providing funding for federal agencies whose regular appropriations bills have not been passed before the end of the fiscal year. Entitlement - A federal program that guarantees a certain level of benefits to persons who meet requirements set by law, such as Social Security and unemployment benefits. Congress and the President generally have very little discretion over spending by these programs. Fiscal Year - For the federal government, the fiscal year runs from October 1 through September 30. Hearings - Committee meetings where testimony is taken from witnesses representing government agencies, private sector organizations, and the general public.
Most congressional hearings are open to the public.
Hearings may be held in Washington, D.C. or in local communities. Once completed, the measure is ready for debate on the floor of the House or Senate. Public Law - A bill after it has been passed by the House and Senate and subsequently approved by the President. Standing Committee - A committee that is permanently established by House and Senate rules. Standing committees are empowered to prepare and review legislation.