As a result, blood circulation to the walls of the bladder may decrease and infection may result. Urine may back up from the bladder through the ureters into the kidneys. There are several types of incontinence. Stress incontinence , which occurs when pelvic muscles have been weakened or damaged, causes the bladder to leak during exercise, coughing, sneezing, laughing, or any body movement that puts pressure on the bladder. Urge incontinence , the urgent need to pass urine and the inability to get to a toilet in time, occurs because of infection that irritates the bladder lining or when nerve passages along the pathway from the bladder to the brain are damaged, causing a sudden bladder contraction that cannot be consciously inhibited.
Mixed incontinence is when the person experiences a combination of stress and urge incontinence.
Overflow incontinence refers to leakage that occurs when the quantity of urine produced exceeds the bladder's holding capacity. Nocturnal Enuresis is incontinence that is experienced while sleeping. Incontinence from surgery can result as a side effect from certain operations, such as rectal surgery, hysterectomy or lower intestinal surgery. Reflex incontinence is when the person loses urine because they are unaware of the need to urinate. An abnormal opening between the bladder and another organ can result in this condition.