For example, products that selectively removed nitrate and phosphate down to the parts per billion level would be especially useful. As with GAC, molecular adsorbants should be situated so that water is forced through the medium, not around it. It is not known whether long term use of such filters will lead to trace element depletion. It is this property which we utilize in the aquarium by using its oxidizing ability to breakdown organics and nitrite. Ozone is generally used in conjunction with a foam fractionator or pressurized air reactor.
Ozone is mixed with air and is introduced into a contact chamber.
The ozone-air mixture mixes with the aquarium water and organics are oxidized. The effluent is then passed through a container of GAC before being returned to the aquarium to remove any residual ozone and any harmful by-products that may have been produced. Used in conjunction with a redox controller, precise control over a system's redox potential can be obtained. However, caution is advised in any comparisons due to differences in measuring conditions, technique and equipment used. Differences in probe placement, frequency of cleaning, bioload, etc.