It is in this long-term perspective, taking into account the geopolitical context and the possibilities of new alliances, that we must consider the challenges of development financing, sustainable growth, the struggle against poverty, and integration into the global economy. The next few years will see the signing of free trade agreements in line with WTO rules between African countries or subregions and the European Union, together with an end to the principle of non-reciprocity. It offers the possibility of complementarity in infrastructure and training, as well as larger markets. Only the creation of wealth on the continent will allow Africa to overcome underemployment and poverty. Subregional integration, however, is often still on the drawing board.
Many potential conflicts persist.
These relate not only to immigration and to divergent positions on armed conflicts, but also to the role of South Africa itself as an economic power in the subregion. These tensions were illustrated by the protests of the SADC countries following South Africa's signing of a separate accord with the European Union. There is also tension over the role of Nigeria, especially its military and economic role. Recent decisions to create a unitary currency for West Africa pose problems not yet entirely clear that may jeopardize the stated commitment to integration. Africa Policy Information Center 110 Maryland Ave.