The mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 50 inches and the mean annual temperature is 45 to 52 degrees Fahrenheit. The frost free season ranges from 120 to 180 days. Elevations range from 50 to 1000 feet above mean sea level. These are the very deep Bernardston , Newport , Pittstown and Stissing soils, the moderately deep Cardigan soils, and the shallow Kearsarge and Nassau soils. Bernardston, Newport, Pittstown and Stissing soils have a compact substratum.
Permeability is moderate.
Most areas are wooded. Common trees are sugar maple, red oak, hickory, white ash, hemlock, and white pine. Cleared areas are used for growing grasses and legumes for hay and pasture, and corn for silage. Some areas are reverting to woodland. The series is of moderate extent.