These soils are on gently to strongly sloping uplands that have slope gradients of 2 to 14 percent. Mean annual temperature is 54 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is 37 inches. Depth to soft shale bedrock ranges from 40 to 80 inches. The thickness of the solum ranges from 36 to more than 70 inches. The mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 24 inches in thickness, including all of the A horizon and usually the upper part of the Btg horizon.
Reaction ranges from moderately alkaline to moderately acid, and is most acid in the upper part.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. It commonly is silty clay loam, but some is silt loam. The Btg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 6 and chroma of 1 or 2, except for higher chroma Fe masses. It is silty clay loam, silty clay or clay. Gravel content of the lower Btg horizon ranges from 0 to 10 percent.