For more information and appropriate diagnosis and treatment, see your doctor. This acute disease is caused by Clostridium tetani a bacillus that is found in the intestine of animals, including humans, where it is harmless. Most cases occur within 14 days of entry. While it is uncommon in industrialized countries, this disease occurs worldwide and affects all ages. The bacillus produces a neurotoxin that causes painful muscle contractions in the cheek and neck muscles, hence the common name of lockjaw, and sometimes involves muscles of the trunk.
Prevention is by routine immunization with tetanus toxoid and subsequent booster shots.
Booster immunizations should be given every10 years in the absence of injury. If injured, a booster immunization may be given on the day of injury.