Trade-offs between more production and environmental and resource conservation will continue to be unavoidable for some time. This is particularly so in the many poor countries with still-growing rural populations. Prudent expansion of agriculture may add some 90 million hectares to the 760 million hectares of land currently cultivated in developing countries, excluding China. These conclusions depict the situation in the year 2010 as it is likely to be rather than as it ought to be. Such efforts will have to put great emphasis on the development of local agriculture, particularly in poor countries.
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