Please conduct a current literature search and check the appropriate current online database for the most recent quantitative information. Chronic ingestion studies in animals have reported depressed cholinesterase levels, depressed body weight, increased liver weight, effects to the bladder, and slight increase in neuropathy. No adverse reproductive or developmental effects were observed in an oral study of rabbits exposed to propoxur. However, fetotoxic effects have been reported in a few studies of rats orally exposed to propoxur. No information is available on the carcinogenic effects of propoxur in humans.
Mixed results are available from cancer studies of propoxur in animals.
In a study in rats, tumors of the bladder and the uterus were observed at the high dose level, while another study in mice did not note any carcinogenic effects. However, oral studies are available and a risk management decision can be made to assume that the hazards resulting from oral exposure may be indicative of that resulting from inhalation exposure. Exceedance of the RfD does not imply that an adverse health effect would necessarily occur. As the amount and frequency of exposures exceeding the RfD increase, the probability of adverse health effects also increases. Propoxur has been detected in surface water, but not in groundwater.