Product-area decisions involve the characteristics of various kinds of products. While exceptions arise, generalizations about product classes can be learned that help marketers develop different product mixes quickly. Place refers to where a product is made available to target market customers. In addition, place decisions also involve making products available when customers want them. A channel of distribution refers to the series of firms or persons between the producer of the product and the final user or consumer.
Promotion involves telling the target market about the product.
Mass selling communicates with large numbers of customers at the same time. Advertising, its main form, is any paid form of nonpersonal presentation of ideas, goods, and services by an identifying sponsor. This refers to the other types of promotion that marketers use to stimulate interest, trial, or purchase by final consumers or others in the channel. In setting a price, marketing managers must consider the kind of competition in the target market as well as possible customer reactions to different price levels.