Eyes are very sensitive to light, especially when the headache is present. While most people's nerve roots originate in similar places on the spine, cadaver studies show a wide variety of differences between individuals as to the course of the nerves once they leave the spinal column. Often the nerves follow a curving course that passes through various muscles in the upperback, neck and head. These nerves supply areas of the skin along the base of the skull and partially behind the ear. While the occipital nerves to do not directly connect with structures within the skull and form a continuous neural network that can affect any given area through which any of the main nerves or their branch fibers pass.
Occipital neuralgia occurs more often in women than men.
I t can have many causes. Commonly, the nerves are inflamed and sensitive because they are trapped within the muscles through which they pass. Muscle spasm and pain are often associated with nerve entrapment, which causes localized pain, spasms and muscle cramping. Many medical conditions can show symptoms similar to those found with occipital neuralgia. The most important aspect of any treatment is to first have an accurate diagnosis.