Experiments on rock synthesis, deformation, and destruction constitute an important part of the field. Geologists are employed in a wide spectrum of activities. Dwindling energy, mineral, and water resources and increasedenvironmental concerns present challenges to those qualified to deal with them. The federal government employs geologists in the United States Geological Survey,Natural Resources Conservation Service, Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, Bureau of Mines, Forest Service, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Many geologists work for the 50 state geological surveys.
Many geologists are self-employed, often working as consultants.