They can become preganant even before weaning a previous litter. If this is the chosen method of reproductive control, a very diligent owner is needed to closely supervise the animal and have safeguards to prevent other animals from approaching and mating as well. AKC registration or certification means that the ancestors of the dog were all certified to be of one particular breed and therefore the dog is certified to be of that breed as well. It does not certify the quality of the dog, nor does it consider any health problems that may be present in the line. A thorough medical history as well as history of behavioral traits should be investigated in both parents and back several generations as genetic diseases often do not manifest in every generation.
Responsible breeders address health issues and temperament before breeding dogs.
Responsible professional bredders believe that final responsibility for the progeny produced should fall upon the breeder who produced them and these animals should never be given to shelters. While non-surgical alternatives are available for diligent caretakers who can medicate or monitor their animal's whereabouts, surgical sterilization is currently the most practical and effective method of preventing unwanted preganancies. Most veterinarians will perform spays when unwanted matings have already occurred or if a breeding animal has had an accidental breeding. Some veterinarians offer termination of the pregnancy without spaying. Taking care of a dog or cat includes taking responsibility for either controlling the reproduction of your animal or being responsible for any progeny that your pet produces.