By the U.S. Treasury, or by the Federal Reserve Bank, and by mandatory savings withheld from individual and corporate incomes. Public dividends would be a big improvement over raising the minimum wage. Public dividends would supplement the incomes of everyone, not just low paid workers. The secret is increased investment. Investment is the source of productivity growth.
Productivity growth is the source of economic growth without inflation or environmental pollution.
Mandatory savings would provide some of the funding and provide a mechanism for keeping inflation in check. Private investment and loans from the Federal Reserve System would provide the rest. A National Mutual Fund would provide the mechanisms to invest in the private economy while providing guarantees against fraud or unwise investments. The numbers add up. The benefits are real and achievable.