Surficants help liquids such as hand lotions to spread quickly and easily over the surface of skin. Abrasives are polishing agents such as the fine grit in the texture of toothpaste. Emulsifiers keep liquids such as oil and water from separating into two layers in products such as lotions. Fixatives stabilize fragrances so that cosmetics will not lose their pleasing aromas. Absorbent s attract and hold moisture so that cosmetics such as powders feel dry on the skin.
Preservatives help to keep cosmetics from deteriorating or spoiling by killing bacteria and fungus.
Solvents are used to dissolve ingredients just as ethyl acetate does in nail polish.