Can be treated as herbaceous perennial, cutting all stems to the ground in early spring, or maintained as a shrub. Individual specimen or mass for stunning show. Effective as background plant in herbaceous border for late season color. Berries attract birds, especially cardinals, mocking birds and thrushes. New growth is bright olive-green.
Old leaves fall off each spring.
Acorn 1 inch long. Hardy zones 7-9. Will tolerate wide range of growing conditions. Transplant when small. Handsome large evergreen shade tree.