As surgery is repeated, it becomes more complicated. Less anatomy remains in the area situated directly below the brain, and an error can be dangerous. Yet, cleanup of all polyps and mucin plugs is essential because most cases of AFS recur within one year if left otherwise untreated. Experts are looking for a medical regimen that can help stave off repeat episodes and the need for surgery. In essence, AFS is a vicious cycle.
Patients then undergo a follow-up regimen for an indefinite period.
They are given allergy shots in an attempt to turn off the IgE response to pertinent fungi. In addition, they are instructed to rinse out their noses once a day with a hypertonic saline solution. This is accomplished by attaching a Grossan sinus irrigator tip to an ordinary Water Pik device. Lavage moves secretions away from the mucous membranes of the nose, allowing the nasal steroids to reach the tissue and reduce inflammation. Patients also undergo regular rhinoscopy to monitor for recurring obstruction, which must be eliminated.