As thoracic levels proceed caudally, intercostal and abdominal musculature recovery is present, and there is improved respiratory function and trunk balance as a result. T2-5 patients have partial trunk movement and may be able to stand, with long leg braces and a walker, and may be able to walk short distances with assistance. T6-12 patients also have partial abdominal muscle strength, and may be able to walk independently for short distances with long leg braces and a walker or crutches. All three systems involve increased energy expenditure and decreased walking speed, compared with a non-injured person, and are frequently abandoned for wheelchair mobility outside the home.
Most lumbar patients are wheelchair-independent and can ambulate.
L2 patients have all movement in the trunk and hips, and L-3 patients have knee extension. They may be able to walk independently with long leg braces and crutches for community distances. They are able to walk independently with ankle braces and canes, and may use wheelchairs for long distances. S-2 patients have function of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and walk independently on all surfaces, usually without bracing.