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These interventions address the immediate agricultural needs of both the East Timorese refugee population and the host community in West Timor. Refugees are scattered across almost 200 sites in the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, the majority close to the East Timorese border in Belu District. Tensions between refugees and their host communities have been mounting with weakening of local coping mechanisms and, in some cases, the threatening attitude of militia. As the refugee operation moves from emergency assistance to local integration, increased emphasis has to be placed on addressing the concerns of the local communities hosting refugees. Since September 1999, FAO has been present in East Timor through its Emergency Coordination Unit and has implemented agriculture relief activities.