Pediculosis can be spread as long as lice or eggs remain alive on the infested person or clothing. Medicated shampoos or cream rinses containing chemicals are used to kill lice. Products containing pyrethrins are available over-the counter, but those containing lindane are available through a physician's prescription. Lindane is not recommended for infants, young children and pregnant or nursing women. Retreatment after seven to ten days is recommended to assure that no eggs have survived.
Nit combs are available to help remove nits from hair.
Dose and duration of shampoo treatment should be according to label instructions. Physical contact with infested individuals and their belongings, especially clothing, headgear and bedding should be avoided. Regular direct inspection of children for head lice.