The first type of society is hunting and gathering. The main activity in a hunting and gathering society is the daily collection of wild plants and animals. Hunters and gatherers do not build permanent villages because they must move around frequently in search of food. The second type of society is pastoral. Members of a pastoral society rely on domesticated herd animals to meet their dietary needs.
Most pastoral societies move regularly in search of new grazing land for their animals.
The third division of society is Horticultural. The main food source in a horticultural society is provided by growing vegetables in garden plots that have been cleared from the jungle. These jungle plots are cleared through the slash and burn method. A food surplus allows some people to be freed from the need to produce food, thus specialized roles develop. The fourth division of society is agricultural.