They formed in 20 to 40 inches of loess and in stratified pedisediments derived from erosion of weathered sandstone, shale, or limestone. Mean annual temperature ranges from 47 to 52 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 34 inches. These are the Lamoille, Nodine, Rollingstone, Seaton, and Southridge soils. Lamoille soils are downslope, have thinner sola, and have a clayey 2B horizon. Nodine, Rollingstone, and Southridge soils have landscapes similar to Blackhammer soils.
Nodine soils are fine-loamy.
Rollingstone soils have thinner loess and a clayey 2B horizon. Seaton soils formed in thick loess and are on summits. Runoff is medium or rapid. Permeability is moderate. Most Blackhammer soils are cropped to corn, hay, and small grains.