It is waterproof and stays in position for 3-4 days. It is useful in women whom the uterus has been removed. Intrauterine device contains both estrogens and progesterone. Transvaginal creams and suppositoryy like Dienesteral cream, Premarin cream, etc. It is useful in women with hypertension, hepatobiliary disorders, Increased triglycerides and venous thrombosis.
Oral tablets lead to nausea, vomiting and poor compliance.
It contains higher doses. Trans dermal patch can lead to local allergic reactions in some women. Subcutaneous implants can lead to breakthrough bleeding in some patients Intrauterine devices may lead to infections. When estrogens alone are taken for long time as HRT, there is a risk of uterine cancer and breast cancer. So progesterone is added for about 10-12 days in each month.