A varicocele develops because of defective valves that normally allow for blood to flow away from the testicle toward the abdomen. Testicular injury occurs due to abnormal back flow of blood from the abdomen into the scrotum and this creates a hostile environment for sperm development. The significance of this condition has been known for a thousand years.
Numerous theories postulate how a varicocele can affect fertility.
1.Testicular temperature increases due to abnormal blood flow in the veins draining the testicle and in the artery entering the scrotum. Prolonged elevated testicular temperature has detrimental effects on sperm production. Abnormal concentrations of adrenal and renal substances may impede development of normal sperm. Abnormal venous blood flow from the scrotum increases metabolic waste products and decreases the availability of of oxygen and nutrients required for sperm development. Abnormal blood flow can also interfere with testosterone concentration, which in turn can interfere with sperm production.