Because of this relationship, language development should be a metagoal for the entire school day. Reading and writing must be taught both as specific curricula and within subject matters. The teaching of language expression and comprehension should also be integrated into each content area. The development of language and literacy as a metagoal also applies to the specialized language genres required for the study of science, mathematics, history, art, and literature. However, their own culturally based ways of talking can be effectively linked to the language used for academic disciplines by building learning contexts that will evoke children s language strengths.
Research consistently recommends an increase in contextualized instruction.
Schools typically teach rules, abstractions, and verbal descriptions, and they teach by means of rules, abstractions, and verbal descriptions. Schools need to assist at-risk students by providing experiences that show how rules, abstractions, and verbal descriptions are drawn from and applied to the everyday world. At the curriculum level, cultural materials and skills are the media by which the goals of literacy, numeracy, and science are contextualized. At the policy level, the school itself is contextualized. Effective school-based learning is a social process that affects and is affected by the entire community.