Were one to experience other cultures, one would quickly notice differences in What is means to be a man and in other cultural narratives. Something which is normative is instructive in a moral way. A normative statement tells us how we ought to think or act, not merely how we actually do think or act. As opposed to subjective, or relative, objective refers to a type of knowledge which is concrete, indubitable, and never changing. Refers to existence, to being.
Ontology is the philosophical study of what can be considered real.
Individuals in organic societies are held together by the fact that each performs a unique task that is needed by others. A way of looking at something. Paradigm is closely related to the second meaning of epistemology, above. A particular epistemological paradigm which prioritized direct experience of phenomena in the search for knowledge. Positivism, though its roots extend all the way back to Aristotle, came to fruition at the turn of the century in light of concerns among philosophers and scientists that Einstein and other theorists were creating stories of reality without careful attention to what is truly knowable and what is not.