The airways narrow and it is more difficult for air to get in and out of the lungs. The lining of the airways becomes congested and swollen and secretes excess mucus, which adds to the breathing problem. An asthma attack may be caused by many different things including allergies, respiratory infections, and behavioral and environmental factors. When allergic asthma occurs mostly in the spring and summer, usually pollen or mold is the cause. When it does not follow a seasonal pattern, it is usually caused by dust, animal dander, food, or drugs.
Respiratory infections are responsible for some asthmatic attacks.
This usually occurs in the winter when the largest number of respiratory infections occurs. Behavioral and environmental factors account for about one-third of all asthmatic attacks. The factors include emotional stress, physical activity, smoking or smoky rooms, and vapors from cleaning products, paint, hair spray, and scents and perfumes. Asthmatic attacks can be reduced with medication and desensitization injections, but it is more important to prevent the attacks. Get rid of feather or down pillows, mattresses, and bed covers.