The second column is called the link count, where a 1 indicates a file, and any other number designates a directory where the number of subdirectories beneath it are the link count minus 2. The third column shows who owns the file or directory. The next column is the file or directory size. The fifth column is the date the file or directory was last modified, followed by the time. The final column is the name of the directory or file.
Permissions determine which users on the network have rights to files and directories.
The first space indicates whether the name in the last column is a file or directory. The next 9 slots are separated into groups of three. The first three slots are the permissions granted to the owner of the directory or file. The second group shows the permissions granted to the network group that the owner belongs to. This example shows the correct permissions of a directory containing all the html files of a home page.