Engineering managers plan and direct the operations of engineering departments, services and firms engaged in consulting, research and other engineering activities. Landscape architecture managers plan and direct the operations of landscape architecture organizations. Science managers plan and direct the operations of research and development laboratories, quality control departments and other scientific organizations. Information systems and data processing managers plan and direct the operations of information systems and data processing organizations. In general, these managers require a university degree or a technical diploma in their occupational area and several years' experience, including supervisory experience.
Most recent entrants have an undergraduate university degree or a community college diploma.
Architecture managers must be licensed as a professional in their field. Registration requires a minimum of three years of experience and a degree from an accredited university. Science managers need a master's or doctoral degree in a scientific discipline. Information systems and data processing managers usually have a bachelor's or master's degree in computer science, business administration, commerce or engineering or a technical diploma in a related area. This rate is among the lowest for managerial occupations and for occupations in the natural and applied sciences sectors.