We solved that problem by going to a very high index of refraction waveguides. And it turns out that silicon is such a material. So silicon carrying photons is an ideal medium for distributing the photons. And then germanium detectors are equally as good for the photons for which silicon is transparent. We've developed processes for integrating germanium detectors with low defect density and high performance.
Optical clock is probably one of the early entry points for microprocessor chips.
For the lower levels of interconnect and so forth. For anything to work, it's got to go into the designer's handbook. Right now, the issue is proving some of the concepts and how the integration to current chip designs can be done. And then they can be considered seriously. I would say optical clock coming in three to five years is a realistic expectation.