In this approach, the variables are represented as genes on a chromosome. Natural selection guarantees that chromosomes with the best fitness will propagate in future populations.
Mutation allows new areas of the response surface to be explored.
The simple GA is comprised of four steps as shown in the flowchart in Figure 3 . First, the initial population of chromosomes is created either randomly or by perturbing an input chromosome. In the second step, evaluation, the fitness is computed. The third step is the exploitation or natural selection step. In this step, the chromosomes with the largest fitness score are placed one or more times into a mating subset in a semi-random fashion.