Location involves minerals like gold and silver under general mining laws.
Miners locate claims to acquire mineral rights.
When a valuable deposit is found, the mining claim may be patented and title obtained to both the mineral and surface land. Oil and gas, coal, geothermal, sodium, and other similar minerals are available through mineral leasing. Leases are issued for specific periods of time, and the lessee pays a rental fee and royalties on the minerals produced. Common sand, gravel, and other construction and landscaping materials are available through material sales at fair market value or through free use permits and government agencies and nonprofit organizations.