Chemicals or compounds that causes airway inflammation leading to asthma. It is a colourless gas that has a very pungent odour. It exists naturally at low concentrations in the stratosphere where it absorbs ultraviolet radiation. In the troposphere it exists naturally at extremely low concentrations. But these concentrations increase when sunlight acts on various gases, coming mainly from vehicle exhausts, and ozone then becomes a pollutant in the troposphere.
Ozone is a highly corrosive gas and is poisonous to most organisms.
All airways have bronchial smooth muscles in their walls. These muscles are classed as 'smooth' muscle. This means they are not under voluntary control, like the muscles of our legs and arms, but instead respond to circulating hormones and compounds released locally by damaged or inflamed tissue. Many drugs will cause changes in smooth muscle without any effects on our voluntary muscles. Smooth muscle contraction will narrow airways and can also constrict arteries and many other tubes in the body.