The heavier cords were generally core spun over hemp, linen and cotton multi-ply cords. Sizing was used in much of the cords. Complicated knots were sewn together to keep their shape or complete the knot. Yarns were made of singles, core yarns and multi-plies. But I prefer natural fibers and feel these synthetics do not do justice to the beauty of the Chinese Knot art.
Natural fibers have a unique and beautiful signature all their own.
The mats were originally made from hemp rope. Many of these mats were beautiful designs, some from a flattened Turk's Head or from a button knot, all were very durable. The seamen incorporated knots from all over the world. The Incas, Persians, and North American Indians all used ornamental knots from early centuries usually made from vegetable fibers. Different early European cultures were extremely superstitious over knots.