In a large number of testing and measurement equipment, no Windows operating system is available. Moreover, most current USB host controllers or cards require a PCI interface, which is also not available in a large number of systems. Therefore, to transform these systems to USB, a USB host needs to be developed. This article explains the development of such a host. USB Protocol A USB system uses a tiered star topology where only one host exists.
Interrupt transfers offer a guaranteed transfer for small amounts of data.
Isochronous transfers offer a guaranteed transfer for larger amounts of data with no retries for delivery failures or errors, and are generally used for audio data. Bulk transfers are used to transfer bursts of relatively large amounts of data. There are many advantages in using USB in non-PC systems. Automatic detection and configuration of devices is another USB advantage, adding both ease of use and flexibility. USB also offers port consolidation, allowing the user to use the same port to connect most devices to the system.