Hypocalcemia is the most important consequence of hypoparathyroidism. The ionized calcium is physiologically active, and a significant reduction in ionized calcium levels causes the signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia. Overall, mortality depends on the cause of the hypoparathyroidism. Prevalence is equal between men and women. The clinical manifestation of hypoparathyroidism is hypocalcemia.
Hypoparathyroidism has multiple etiologies.
Iatrogenic Surgery is the most common cause of hypoparathyroidism. Hypoparathyroidism can occur after surgical resection of parathyroid adenoma. Total parathyroidectomy or thyroidectomy can lead to hypoparathyroidism because of parathyroid gland removal or destruction of the parathyroid vascular supply. 1 Late onset - Kenny syndrome Hypoparathyroidism also can be sporadic. Diagnosing hypoparathyroidism requires hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and low parathyroid hormone levels in the absence of renal failure or intestinal malabsorption.