Identified by the quality of people's interactions rather than their position. Leadership evaluated by whether the leader solves problems. Leadership evaluated by how people are working together. Leaders provide solutions and answers. All work to enhance the process and to make it more fulfilling.
People are interdependent.
All are active participants in the process of leadership. Communication is often formal. Communication is crucial with a stress on conversation. Can often rely on secrecy, deception and payoffs. Values democratic processes, honesty and shared ethics.