Formerly, Ophthalmologist, Christian Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan. After the local anaesthetic has been given, the eyelids and conjenctiva cleaned and surgical drapes applied, the eye is ready of operation. First the eyelids must be retracted. This can be done with eyelid sutures or a speculum.
Most surgeons prefer a speculum.
There are many different designs but it is important that the speculum dues not press on the eye and does not get in the way of the operation. We have found the speculum shown in Fig. 1 to be very satisfactory. If he can the facial block must be repeated. There should be little or no movement of laris oculi muscle, which closes the eyelids, or in the extraocular muscles moving the eye are acceptable, but the importance of a good local anaesthetic block cannot be emphasized too strongly.