Here six switches used to build 2 bits of a 4-bit phase shifter using microstrip topology. The MEM manufacturing technique is applicable to smooth surfaces other than silicon, opening an extensive range of low cost and low loss components. Let's look at the phase shifter results. Adding 2 more bits has provided a 4-bit shifter with 1.5 to 1.7 db loss, with very good match. Let's compare the performance of four phase shifter types.
Power consumption includes the driver circuitry.
With the exception of switching speed, the performance of MEM phase shifters is superior to current technologies in most categories. And while the slow switching speed is a limitation in some High PRF radars, it suitable for medium and low PRF waveforms. So we are ready to examine an ESA which uses MEM phase shifters. They are of interest when detection requirements demand a large power-aperture product, but power is limited. Or when fire control accuracy demands small beam dimensions, but weight or power, or both, are limited.