Observers are provided with pen and paper, instant cameras, tape recorders, video cameras, checklists, shooting scripts or just good memories. Observations can be fed back during the activity, during activity breaks or at the end of the activity. During long activities observers can be rotated, or observers may participate fully in the activity task but are briefed to look out for specific kinds of behaviour. For example, all may look out for 'positives' or each may look out for a different aspect of 'good teamwork'. If feedback is to be given without a trained facilitator present, you will probably want observers to focus on positive behaviours.
Participants carry out any of the 'alone' activities listed above - but with one or more others.
The facilitator reviews with the whole group in ways that take each individual back through their experience of the activity. These silent and passive methods should normally be followed with a more sociable and participative reviewing activity in twos or threes or in home groups. The team of facilitators can be group members who have been prepared for this role. This doubles the amount of reviewing that a facilitator will manage during a programme. It also requires facilitators who are capable of facilitating events that they have not directly witnessed.