Can occur at 3 mo. Bulls 18 mo. of age and cows may be to term. Vaccination - Cows and bulls before breeding. Annual booster require- ed. Infected cows, wildlife, rats, swine, etc.
Organism enters mouth to blood and then to kidney and placenta.
Shed in urine 2 to 6 mo. In urine, of rats, wildlife, swine, horses, and cattle. Cows may show fever, depression, and retain- placenta. Young may show nervous symp- toms. Often associat- ed with silage feeding.