When caused by bacteria, meningitis is a very serious infection and requires treatment with antibiotics. It can occur anytime of the year. Like any bacterial meningitis, rapid diagnosis and treatment are important because untreated meningococcal meningitis can be fatal. Most people who have this bacterium in their nose or throat do not become ill. Unfortunately, of 100 people who get meningococcal disease, about 5 to 10 die despite good medical care.
Meningococcal meningitis is suggested by fever, headache, and a rapidly developing rash.
Meningitis is further suggested when a person also develops a stiff neck, is confused, or develops seizures. Symptoms may appear 2-10 days after exposure, but usually within 5 days. Penicillin and certain related antibiotics are very effective in treating the meningitis. Early recognition of infection is very important. With appropriate treatment, most patients recover without any problem.