First, take pictures of your quilt while it is being made. These can also help you make design decisions that will improve your quilt. Then, take pictures as soon as you are done with the quilt. A picture of your quilt on a bed is nice for your photo album, but it should not be the only picture you take. Get a really good picture of your entire quilt.
Outside lighting is usually easiest for the amateur.
Choose a day that is lightly overcast and a place that is not in direct sunlight, which will wash out the colors. Consider using ISO 200 film and a tripod to capture details. Make sure the quilt is straight and flat against the wall and the wind is not blowing up a corner. Hang carefully so fingers, pins or clothespins are not showing. At least one picture should show the whole quilt.