But the amount of information in a genome is so complex, they need help organizing and analyzing it. That's where computers come in. Computers are the information-storers of our world. When they're applied to the study of DNA, they give scientists a unique window into the submicroscopic world. They use a branch of biotechnology called genomics.
Genomics allows scientists to find and sequence the genes of living organisms.
Genome sequencing starts with genetic markers as reference points. Genetic markers were first identified when scientists learned how to take a genetic fingerprint of an organism. They learned that the genetic fingerprint of two plants of the same species is almost identical. But if one of the plants flowers early in the spring and the other flowers late, a slight difference may appear somewhere in the genetic record. By noting where these differences occur, scientists can find the genes controlling the flowering time of the plant.