14 C yr BP are indicative of warmer waters than present, but show a transition to modern assemblages. Changes in treeline position, plant communities, chironomid communities, and inferred climate are nearly synchronous and validate the multiproxy approach for paleoecological reconstruction. Chironomid-based paleotemperature reconstructions confirm earlier evidence that the early Holocene was significantly warmer than present, with estimated summer water surface temperatures up to 4 C higher than today. The drainage basin contains sedimentary and crystalline rocks. Variation of both relates to changes in vegetation and morphology.
Mechanical denudation exceeds chemical denudation by an order of magnitude for the entire catchment.
Because the REE distributions of the crystalline differ from those in the sedimentary SPM differ, it is possible to quantify source rock contributions to the main outflow using a mixing calculation. Carolyn R. Trayler and Ellen E. Wohl Scour and fill patterns at East St. Louis Creek, Colorado, were investigated via repeat, detailed surveys of the channel bed at 11 cross sections during the 1995 snowmelt season. Spatial variability was remarkably high, with significant differences in cross section scour and fill patterns over distances as short as 0.5 m. Most sites had small net changes in bed elevation, both daily and over the entire runoff season. The data and observations indicate the presence of small pulses of fine material that are temporarily deposited on top of the channel pavement in wider areas of the channel and near woody debris complexes.