A radiologist is a physician that has received at least 4 years of training to become a specialist in the area of medical imaging. Radiologists also participate in the treatment of many diseases, such as blocked arteries in the legs and in the neck. A general surgeon is a physician that has completed at least 5 years of training in order to operate on all areas of the body. In addition to traditional forms of surgery, laparoscopic surgery is used with increasing frequency due to its less invasive nature and reduced recovery time. A surgeon can complete additional years of training and focus on a specific system.
Neurosurgeons specialize in the brain, spine, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
Orthopedic surgeons specialize in the musculoskeletal system, including the bones, joints, muscles , ligaments and tendons. Plastic surgeon is trained in the reconstruction of facial and body defects due to birth disorders, trauma, burns, and disease, and with appearance enhancement operations such as facelifts, breast augmentation, and liposuction. Thoracic and CV surgeons specialize in surgery of the blood vessels , lungs and heart . This involves treatments such as cardiac bypass, heart valve replacement, aortic reconstruction for abdominal aortic aneurysms , carotid endarterectomy for occluded carotid arteries, and surgery for lung cancer. Urologists have specialized knowledge and skill with regard to problems of the male and female urinary tract and the male reproductive organs.