It must be warm then. Logicians who want to arrive at truths about the world need to know how language works, since it is words, which fill the patterns. They also need to correctly identify the problems creatively and insightfully, this makes it very easy for a logician to fail at finding important truths. You would use a justificatory argument is you argument was going to show that it is reasonable to believe some statement. Explanatory arguments try to show why we should understand some phenomenon is a particular way.
Normative explanations use values as a big part of the account.
These are often used to explain phenomenon that has no factual explanation. You should believe some normative explanations because some things do not have a justified explanation. A causal explanation relates to a variety of facts and circumstances in a way which shows how they come about. A functional explanations goal is to show the purpose of function of the entity of phenomena in question rather than to explain how it came about. One type of claim in the argument is the conclusion, the statement which the speaker or writer feels is in need of proof.