A short story. Factory A asked a large international provider to construct a sewage treatment plant for the factory. Only after these studies were completed the factory asked the provider to construct a treatment plant based on the TOR prepared by the feasibility study. This was possible because the Waste Minimization Study and the Feasibility Study for Effluent Treatment and Disposal allowed the factory to make the investments in a more intelligent and efficient way. Not always, but in most cases yes .
Factories usually produce several waste streams.
Some of these streams can be reduced in flow and pollutant loading by introducing small changes in the production process. These changes require investments, but their benefits are usually greater than the required investments. A Waste Minimization Study is performed by experts in production process, waste sources, and waste recycling and recovery. Several alternatives exist for effluent treatment. There may be several alternatives for the disposal of the treated effluents, each one with different requirements of effluent treatment.