Its climate is tropical humid. Rainfall is greater during autumn and winter, except for in the South of the State of Bahia, where it is stable all year round. In this sub-region, the most fertile lands are used for small farming, with a predominance of subsistence crops and dairy cattle production. Lands in this sub-region are flat and stony, and rainfall is scarce and irregular. For that reason agricultural activities are greatly restricted.
More humid areas have woods of palm trees, specially carnaubeira.
All of its parts are used by the local inhabitants. Traditionally, measures taken in times of drought include the construction of water holes and the allocation of funds to the city halls of affected municipalities. The main type of climate is tropical atlantic along the coast and high-altitude tropical with occasional frosts in the tablelands. Tropical woods that originally existed along the coastline were laid waste during the colonization period, and replaced by coffee plantations. The Southeastern tablelands are extremely suitable for hydroelectric energy production, and good use has been made of this potential.