Limited data is available on plasma glucagon levels in affected dogs. Erythema, crusting and alopecia on the face and ulceration of the mucocutaneous junctions, genitalia and distal extremities are usually present. Ulceration and hyperkeratosis of the footpads is also seen. Secondary bacterial and yeast infections are common. Diagnosis is based on histopathology, CBC, Chemistry profile and possibly liver biopsy, bile acids, aminoacid profile, glucagon levels and zinc levels.
Prognosis is usually poor.
For this purpose, egg yolks have been suggested as possible therapy and in some instances that may help to improve clinical signs. Most dogs die or are euthanized within 5 months of the development of skin lesions.