Memmi synthesises these desert experiences and adds an intercultural dimension by using the desert to temper the national pride of his main character El-Mammi, but in the context of an affirmation of the Godhead. Both require official intervention in order to be effective. Since language in France has long been seen as a public asset, it follows that the State will have a stake in its maintenance and will equip itself with the administrative and legislative apparatus to underpin its planning and policies. The Francophonie project is arguably the most ambitious manifestation of this approach. These are not purely linguistic matters.
Language is a social, cultural and political artifact.
Therefore debates on language policies are of concern to all individual speakers of a language. It was made explicit at the time of the French Revolution and acknowledged earlier still, that linguistic and economic matters are interconnected.