The split in the Primate family, which occurred many millions of years ago, led to the evolution of ground-dwelling types sometimes called . During the epoch, pre-human or protohumans, emerged as the ape family became differentiated. 5 replaced Neanderthals in Europe. In the evolution of hominids from the Primate order to Homo sapiens, brain size and represent the two most important benchmarks of comparison between different kinds of proto humans. 8 Permanent settlements arose with the emergence of an economy based around .
Many preliterate peoples identify their clans by a .
By placing food and implements alongside their buried dead, Neanderthal peoples indicated their belief in an . 11 Homo habilis is best known as a maker. Turkana Boy was a member of species.