Computer expertise and access to major networks may be the only prerequisites. Boundaries are blurred in cyberspace. Opportunities abound to manipulate perception in cyberspace. Political action groups and other nongovernment organizations can utilize the Internet to galvanize political support, as the Chiapas of Mexico were able to do. Information war has no front line.
Potential battlefields are anywhere networked systems allow access.
Current trends suggest that the U.S. economy will increasingly rely on complex, interconnected network control systems for such necessities as oil and gas pipelines, electric grids, etc. The vulnerability of these systems is currently poorly understood. In addition, the means of deterrence and retaliation are uncertain and may rely on traditional military instruments in addition to cyberwar threats. In sum, the U.S. homeland may no longer provide a sanctuary from outside attack. Journal of Internet Security.