Rotenone is a rotenoid plant extract obtained from such species as barbasco, cub, haiari, nekoe, and timbo. Rotenone is generally classified as a botanical insecticide. Rotenone is a general use pesticide. Local effects on the body include conjunctivitis, dermatitis, sore throat, and congestion. Ingestion produces effects ranging from mild irritation to vomiting.
Inhalation can cause increased respiration followed by depression and convulsions.
For most laboratory animals, rotenone is much more toxic intravenously than orally. The particle size of the powder determines the inhalation toxicity. Fine powders are much more toxic than coarse particles. Dogs fed low to moderate doses of rotenone for 28 days experienced vomiting and excessive salivation, but no negative weight gain. Dogs fed rotenone for six months at low doses had reduced food consumption and therefore reduced weight gain.