Individuals who inherit an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father are always male. Early in development, human embryos have the capability of becoming either a male or female. The major difference between bacteria and human cells is that in bacteria all cellular functions are compartmentalized in membrane-bound organelles. Cancer results when cells divide without restraint. The distribution of alleles into gametes is random 12.
Proteins act as templates for the synthesis of new proteins.
Due to a problem in gamete formation, all a female's eggs contain either 22 or 24 chromosomes. The genetic code in bacteria and humans is different, therefore, bacteria cannot be used to make human proteins. Genetic engineers have not yet been able to successfully introduce a human gene in a non-human animal. The idea of genetically engineered, transgenic organisms has gone from the realm of science fiction to science fact. Scientists have the technical capability to clone humans, but federal research ethics panels prohibit human cloning research in the U.S. 33.