Heart failure occurs in approximately 10 out of 100 people, and becomes more prevalent with advancing age. A physical examination may reveal irregular or rapid heartbeat . An ECG may show arrhythmias . A urinalysis may indicate kidney failure as a cause of the disorder, or as a consequence of left heart failure. Multiple blood studies may be performed, including CBC , blood chemistry , and other studies to determine the exact cause of heart failure.
Heart failure requires monitoring of the condition by the health care provider.
Underlying disorders and precipitating factors should be treated. This may require medications, surgery, or other treatments. In advanced cases, bedrest or reduced physical activity may be recommended to minimize the heart's work load. Vasodilator medications are used to reduce the work load, particularly if symptoms include difficulty breathing, excessive tiredness , and reduce tolerance of activity. Examples of vasodilator medications include captopril, enalapril, and hydralazine.