While it is impossible to prevent natural hazards from occurring, populations can protect themselves from their ravaging effects. These measures should be an integrated part of development, not something you do after the fact. Risk reduction strategies include early warning systems, adequate shelters, hazard-resistant buildings and forestation programs. Unfortunately, many governments are not willing to invest in such measures, Molin-Valdes says. Although the earthquake was predictable, there was no risk-reducing infrastructure in place.
Recent experiences show that disaster preparedness can save lives.
Tragically, more and more people in hazard-prone areas remain vulnerable. The resulting boom in urban and coastal areas has created an accumulation of vulnerability factors, such as settlements built in floodplain areas or regions prone to disasters. This puts a particular burden on the poorest and most exposed communities. Promoting preparedness can save money in the long run. Partnership building, environmental risk assessment and impact studies have since become common standards and requirements for development programmes.