But don't think that means young or undersized hunters should start with a .410. Using a .410 often results in lots of discouraging misses, and that's not good, either. Proper gun fit is critical for shooters of any age. Often as not, repeated misses and crippling shots are an indication of an ill-fitting gun rather than too small a bore or caliber. A gunsmith can help find a gun that slides onto the shooter's shoulder like a comfortable old pair of slip-on shoes.
Practice eliminates a lot of misses, too.
It's important to practice with the loads that will be used in hunting situations. The conditions also have a lot to do with gun selection. Pass-shooting ducks often requires a bigger shotgun and heavier loads. The species also dictates gun selection. Late-season hunting for jumpy pheasants often requires heavier gear.