When physical illness persists, psychological suffering frequently follows. Depression is one of the most common psychological consequences of chronic pain. Other psychiatric conditions associated with chronic pain include personality disorders, anxiety disorders, thought disorders, malingering, factitious disorders, and somatization disorder. Studies have shown a high comorbidity between chronic pain and psychological disturbances, which prolongs the disability. The components of multidisciplinary pain management programs must include resources to help patients improve their physical and psychological status, and restore social roles such as work.
Recreational therapists revitalize patients through an expanded scope of enjoyable activities.
Exercise specialists help patients improve activity levels, strength, endurance, and general conditioning. A warm therapeutic pool can aid the transition from sedentary lifestyle to activity. Daily supervised exercise ensures regularity and proper pacing. Psychologists and counselors complete assessments that guide and individualize the approach for each patient. They help identify cognitive and emotional barriers to rehabilitation and engage patients in cognitive restructuring and in the management of depression and anxiety.