The DNA is a complex molecule formed of two long strands that are twisted around each other and linked by chemical subunits. When water is ionized it readily forms highly reactive molecules called free radicals. These free radicals can react with and damage the DNA molecule. Alternatively radiation can collide with the DNA molecule, itself, ionizing and damaging it directly. Mutations or changes in the DNA can be passed along to offsprings.
Mutations are generally for the worse.
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