Geraldine Richmond of the University of Oregon describes how total internal reflection sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy provides this information. Over the past decade, numerous analytical techniques have achieved the detection of an extraordinarily small number of molecules. Melissa A. Cousino, Tafeeda B. Jarbawi, H. Brian Halsall, and William R. Heineman of the University of Cincinnati present examples of how zeptomole and yoctomole detection limits have been reached. A Analytical Currents Automated MS sequencing of unknown proteins. Bringing CZE and MS together.
Modest pressure yields chiral secrets.
Death of a cell. Spectroscopy in a quantum dot. Near-IR sorts through the trash. Raman for air monitoring. CCC of peptides.