New antler growth in the spring and summer is nourished by a highly vascular covering called velvet which is shed in August. The primary function of antler is for gaining social dominance. It is processed in different ways for use as health aids. Adaptations For Life in the Arctic Pelage Reindeer hair is extremely dense. This thick coat inhibits radiation and allows them to lay on snow without melting it and getting wet.
Facial hair extends down to their lips protecting the muzzle when grazing in snow.
Reindeer don t get frost build-up from their breath. Bone and cartilage in their nostrils are designed like a rolled-scroll. This increases the surface area inside so that blood can warm the cool incoming air. Heat is retained and moisture condensed and retained from expired air. The hollow guard hair provides bouyancy facilitating their swimming ability.