Lateral resolution is normal to the direction of travel. Lateral resolution is simply the width of each individually controllable element of the application machine. Longitudinal resolution is the smallest travel distance in which a desired application rate can be achieved and maintained. It is the product of the travel speed of the vehicle and the minimum time required for the control system to achieve and maintain the desired application rate. This minimum time is often called the response time or dynamic response of the rate control system.
Longitudinal resolution is along the direction of travel.
The core of the VRT system is the flow rate controller. At this point the error would be zero. There are numerous techniques and strategies to optimally correct errors in a control system. These relate to how actuators are adjusted. These actions directly relate to dynamic response of the system to setpoint changes.