Deferrals reflect the exchange of cash prior to the performance of the related event. Estimates to recognize expenses over a period of time such as depreciation and the bad debt expense allowance Revaluations - from reconciliations of actual and recorded value of assets or changes in accounting principles. Balance sheet from assets, liabilities and equity. Revenue and expense accounts are closed to RE on a monthly basis. CF statement uses data from both income statement and balance sheet.
Reports are hierarchical, with each layer including all subunits from below.
Costs centers - production, service and administrative. Balancing of control and subsidiary accounts Examination of transactions late in the period to make sure they have been recorded in the proper period. Backup controls include Use of internal and external file labels to protect from accidental data loss. General ledger data model Queries of financial data are more efficient if the data base contains aggregated account information in addition to data from the original transactions. Data would not have to be in a ledger form, but usually is.