This entire cycle frequently takes several years. Angiosperms have displayed a spectacular evolutionary success. Angiosperms out competed more primitive plants with their less efficient vascular tissue. More efficient vascular tissue permitted the evolution of larger leaves capable of greater photosynthesis. Angiosperms grow and reproduce a faster rate than the gymnosperms.
Fruits are an adaptation for seed dispersal.
The flower and development of a seed in the ovule enclosed in an ovary is only characteristic of angiosperm plants. Still other flowers contain stamens and pistils. After fertilization the entire ovary will enlarge and become the fruit of the plant. Natural pollination may be enhanced by wind, birds, and insects. Pollen grains have a thick protective wall.