A given sequence defines the complementary sequence. As a result, the plasmid DNA can be packaged in a phage coat in vitro and used to infect a bacterium. Also known as the control region. Each strand in the double helix is complementary to its partner strand in terms of its base sequence. Typically alternate electromorphs represent different alleles at a particular locus or duplicated loci .
Enzymes act in a very specific way on particular target molecules.
For examples of DNA modifying enzymes, see restriction enzyme , polymerase , and ligase . Coding regions that are broken up into two or more segments within a gene, are separated by regions of noncoding DNA called introns . F statistics a series of coefficients used to quantify the distribution of genetic variation within and among populations and groups of populations. Most often used is F ST , which describes overall differentiation among a group of populations, or more specifically, the correlation of genes among individuals in each population. Apparently absent or at least rare in salmon, this would appear as a single fish with two distinct mtDNA haplotypes .