For routine cleaning, use just the plain vacuum nozzle. The brush shreds the fringes and causes rapid wear. Frequently fringes get caught and chewed up by the rotating mechanism of the brush. Unfortunately, chlorine based bleach weakens natural fiber over time. If you must have snowy white fringe, use a dilute bleach solution, and be sure to rinse the fringe very thoroughly.
Most rug dyes are quite resistant to sun fading or bleaching.
Still, ultraviolet rays are a powerful force of Nature, and a rug will likely fade over time if used for years in a very sunny area. Try not to use a rug on a very uneven floor. When you move a big rug to adjust its position, there is a better way than just to pull with brute force on the fringe or edge. A simple trick is to rapidly wave the edge of the rug up and down a foot or two close to the floor while pulling. This ripple effect sends a cushion of air under the rug, making it very easy to move.