Most fouls in soccer require deliberate conduct which is careless, reckless, or involves excessive force. However, if the defender is making a reasonable attempt to play the ball, rather than the attacker, it may not be a foul, even if the attacker should fall over the defender's foot. The same goes for handling the ball. Just because the ball hits a player's hand or arm, does not necessarily mean that a foul has been committed. The player must have deliberately handled the ball.
Most fouls result in a free-kick.
A foul committed by the defending team, inside of their own penalty area, can result in a penalty kick. The player must also be involved in the active play. Off-side should always be judged at the moment the ball is last played by the player's teammate, not when it is received. When making a throw-in, the player must deliver the ball with both hands from behind and over the head. When the ball is released, some part of both feet must be in contact with the ground and outside of the playing field, and he may not touch the ball again until it has touched another player.