Abstracts Submission steps for Papers differ according to type and according to journal and conference etc. Abstract Guidelines Abstracts are usually described as descriptive or informative , or a mixture of these.
Readers often have no access to the whole text.
Stick to the recommended length. Keep to the journal's requirements. A descriptive abstract includes purpose, methods and scope, but NOT results, conclusions and recommendations. It contains general statements about the subjects covered, and are used for field reports, for long papers, and for books. Thus, this is the type normally chosen for class presentations .