The reverse is also true. An EU-led operation might be handed off to NATO if a deteriorating crisis threatens regional stability, the security of a member state, or the safety of a large number of civilians. Hence the importance of both organisations being involved from the outset. Where the EU wishes to lead and asks for access to NATO assets and capabilities, non-EU Allies should be offered the opportunity to shape the EU's decisions and their implementation. This could take place via a forum at 23 that would offer an equal opportunity for all to participate in the planning and conduct of that operation.
Participation means different things to different countries.
We will have to be satisfied with the arrangements between the EU and non-EU NATO members before we could approve the release of NATO assets and capabilities for any specific operation. Allied troop contributors should be included in decisions that affect the conduct of the operation. This would promote transparency and predictability. In my view this is the best way forward if we are to benefit from the comparative advantages of the two organisations. It also reflects our desire to see a greater role for Europeans without undermining trans-Atlantic ties.