An experimental model using in vitro static diffusion cells mounted with human skin revealed that nonylphenylethoxylate decreased penetration of the pesticides, that nitrile was more effective than latex, and that protection decreased over time and with the pesticide used. A recombinant yeast estrogen assay was used by Miller et al. The authors report estrogenic activity in 32 compounds, with the major criteria for activity being the presence of an unhindered phenolic hydroxyl group in the para position and a molecular weight between 140 and 250 Da. Ingesting Pesticides MacIntosh et al. The authors report that mass measurements of ambient particulate matter underestimate the exposure to particles generated by traffic.
Rainwater provides available water sources in many small island states in the Pacific.
Singh et al. There were positive associations between diarrhea and temperature or extremes of rainfall, suggesting that global climate change would likely exacerbate illness in many cases. Environmental Sensitivities Joffres et al. Questionnaires from 351 individuals indicated that they experienced general symptoms and those related to irritability. The authors suggest that the type and consistency of symptoms reported in response to triggering substances does not seem to fit a purely psychogenic theory.