In some clinical trials, researchers evaluate devices. When comparing treatments, researchers want to determine which therapy will prove most effective with the least amount of negative impact. Results showed that the less invasive surgery cured breast cancer as well as the more invasive one but with less physical deformity. Researchers then went a step further, showing that women could survive just as well with a lumpectomy, which involves removal of a portion of the breast and a few lymph nodes, in combination with radiation. Lumpectomy is now a common procedure.
Patients considering participation in a clinical trial often have questions and concerns.
They typically ask if anyone can participate. Patients are carefully evaluated to make sure they meet eligibility requirements for each research study. Those anxious about safety can feel assured knowing that all clinical trials are governed by an ethical process that examines the human concerns of research. Hospitals are required to extensively review all trials to ensure they meet safe standards.