The name was given to the disorder in 1869 due to its resemblance to a flat fungus growing on a rock. It is caused by an autoimmune mechanism, and has either a fine, lace-like or an ulcerated appearance. The disorder can be painless or painful. It is usually treated by a topically-applied cortisone ointment, or in severe cases, with cortisone pills. It appears in cycles, and may eventually resolve on its own.
Rare cases can develop into oral cancer, so evaluation by an oral surgeon is recommended.
Red or white patches in the mouth could be a sign of oral cancer . Luckily, these changes are easily seen by self-examination. Alcohol and tobacco are the primary risk factors for the development of pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions. Any red patch, white patch, lump or sore that does not heal completely within two weeks should be examined by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Treatment of oral cancer is most successful when it is caught early.