In the Smokey Mountain National Park this tree has destroyed native vegetation on rocky sites such as cliff faces and is viewed as a serious weed. This is a danger that should be considered when introducing exotic species. This tree has proven to be quite urban-tolerant and is common in the inner cities of the south. It reseeds itself readily in disturbed urban sites where it is not winterkilled. Leaves are usually entire but may be three-lobed on vigorous plants.
Leaves are broad and heart-shaped, and they gradually taper to a point.
The leaf base is cordate. Twigs are olive brown in color, pubescent, stout, and heavily lenticeled. Pith is chambered or sometimes hollow. Catalpa has similar foliage but has continuous pith. Flower buds are borne in terminal panicles and are conspicuous through the winter.