School learning restricted to the curriculum, often its narrowest interpretation. Rule by compliance with central command. Centralized control over resources, curricula, teaching methods, length of class periods, etc. Testing as the primary means of assessing results of the learning process. Teachers know everything about their subjects.
Parents are outsiders, often made to feel unwelcome, even if unintentionally.
New Paradigm of Continuous Learning and Improvement Cooperation based. Unlimited, continuous improvement and successes are the aims of the school and community. Learning is like a spiral with offshoots, with energy directed toward continuous improvement. Goals are important, but the process of getting to the goal is at least as significant. Assessments are used for diagnostic and prescriptive practices.