Hurricanes are complex disturbance system with significant effects on vegetation and built-up land.
This paper summarizes research on the effects and outcomes of hurricanes on Caribbean forest. Effects of hurricanes on urban systems are also discussed. While there is scientific uncertainly as to whether hurricane frequencies and intensity will change as a result of global climate change, available understanding on effects and outcomes of hurricanes can be used to anticipate possible effects of either increasing or decreasing hurricane frequency and intensity. Proposed mitigation actions and research priorities can be effective and desirable even if the frequency and intensity of hurricane remains unchanged.