As long as different boundaries are constructed around the expertise of the computing professions, the attribution and claiming of responsibility will remain a cumbersome affair. The very notion that expert knowledge itself is negotiable, complicates the problem of responsibility. Our examples of applied informatics in the seventies and of using advanced information systems in the nineties are a case in point. The traditional idea of unquestioned professional knowledge is replaced by the late modern notion of fragmented contradictory expertise. Hence the idea of an impartial responsible professional is no longer valid.
Responsibility is also open to negotiation.