The consequent growth in kangaroo populations in Australia's rangelands has led to excessive grazing pressure on this vulnerable environment. The culling or harvesting process is therefore a vital tool in both kangaroo population management and sustainable land care, and assists the sustainability of all species of kangaroo. It also protects the natural habitats necessary for the survival of other native animals. The four species of kangaroo that are harvested have very large populations, of millions of animals. These species need to be controlled to relieve pressure on the fragile environment.
None is threatened or endangered.
The harvesting of kangaroos is decided on a quota basis that is reviewed annually so that the populations of these species are maintained at sustainable levels. Quotas are set on the basis of scientific recommendations that take into consideration population size and trends and long-term climate predictions. Quotas are set at a safe limit to ensure that populations are not affected in a detrimental manner. Conservation of the species remains the foremost consideration. These estimates were taken in the regions where harvesting occurs.