Psychologists conduct the scientific and systematic study of the human mind and behaviour, in a wide variety of areas. Psychology encompasses the study of cognitive, social, developmental, behavioural and physiological processes. Psychologists employ a research-oriented approach in their practice, by formulating hypotheses, and testing hypotheses through the collection of data. Psychologists assist in improving people s functioning through the application of a wide set of skills and knowledge, in conjunction with scientifically established findings. Psychologists conduct assessment, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of problems at an individual, group, organisational and community level.
Psychologists practice in several principal areas of specialisation .
In 1998 there were 4531 psychologists fully registered with the Psychologists Registration Board. Psychologists can be classified under several titles, according to area of specialisation. Clinical Psychologists Clinical psychologists work to promote optimal levels of psychological functioning, and to decrease levels of psychological distress. They demonstrate expertise in the assessment, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a range of emotional and behavioural problems. Clinical psychologists work with emotional problems such as anxiety, depression, stress, other mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, substance addiction and abuse, behavioural problems, adjustment to physical illness, relationship difficulties or learning disabilities.