Disasters can be meteorological, topographical, or accidental in origin. Meteorological Drought, floods and cyclones Topographical Earthquakes, and Volcanic Eruptions Technological Chemical Accidents, Industrial accidents and Oil Spills WHEN Disasters are not easily predicted. However, historical data, geographic location and meteorological and seismographic indicators can pinpoint highly vulnerable areas. Hazards Mapping and Disaster Preparedness can assist in preparing disaster-prone communities. Hazard A hazard is a rare or extreme event in the natural or man-made environment that adversely affects human life, property or activity to the extent of causing a disaster.
Risk is the product of hazard and vulnerability.
The vulnerability of a building, a population, or an entire country is measured by how susceptible it is to harm or loss in the face of a hazard. The restoration of basic services and the beginning of the repair of physical, social and economic damage Complex Disasters Complex disasters exist where adverse political conditions compound a disaster or emergency situation. Such situations are complicated because the break-down of the political structure makes assistance or intervention difficult. This sort of emergency is usually associated with the problems of displaced people during times of civil conflict or with people in need caught in areas of conflict. A disaster can be viewed as a series of phases on a time continuum.