This includes diseases such as emphysema, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, respiratory failure and asthma. They manage the treatment of patients with respiratory failure that require mechanical ventilation. After passing an examination, a pulmonologist is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine. Neurology - A neurologist is a physician with specialized training in diagnosing, and treating disorders of the brain and nervous system. The training of a neurologist includes one year of internship and 3 years of specialized training.
Many neurologists have additional training in one area of neurology.
They often act as consultants to primary care physicians and at other times provide long-term management of patients with disorders such as stroke, epilepsy, movement disorders, Alzheimer's disease, headaches, Parkinson's disease, tremor, and brain and spinal cord injuries. Obstetrics focuses on the management of women during pregnancy , childbirth, and the six week period after childbirth, whereas gynecology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts . A physician receives 4 years of training in both obstetrics and gynecology to practice this specialty. Although much of their activity involves performing surgical procedures they also treat menstrual problems and address issues related to contraception , sexuality, menopause , and infertility. In this regard, some gynecologists act as primary care physicians.