In experimental research, language tends not to be treated as symbolic phenomena. Content analysis can cope with large volumes of data. Text is an excellent vehicle for studying long term changes in attitudes, concerns, and styles. Investigator selects a sample and defines categories. Investigator reads and codes a representative sample of the content according to objective rules.
Investigator reads and codes all text.
If other factors are included in the study, comparisons of content with these other variables conducted. Interpretation of findings. Different people should code the same text the same way. The data is valid when it represents what the investigator intends it to. An explicit set of scoring directions is needed.