The colored bands in the atmosphere are believed to result from atmospheric convection. Jupiter is mostly made of light elements like hydrogen and helium. A planet moves most rapidly when its orbit takes it closest to the sun. The time that is required for a planet to complete an orbit is proportional to the square of its radius. The retrograde motion of a planet is due to its motion on its epicycle as it also revolves around the sun.
Planets travel in circular orbits.
The more massive the planet, the longer its day. The four gas giants barely rotate at all. None of these are true.