Schizophrenia usually manifests for the first time during the teens or early twenties for men and in the twenties or early thirties in women. Substance related disorders refers to a variety of dependencies including alcohol, amphetamine, cocaine, inhalant, nicotine, opium, phencyclidine or sedative dependence. Such substance dependence can lead to a variety of physical and psychological disorders. Physical effects can include impaired reaction time and coordination, respiratory depression, strokes, malnutrition, organic brain damage and damage to other organs. Psychological effects can include loss of concentration, confusion, drowsiness, alterations in memory, impaired judgment, increased aggressiveness, depression, anxiety, and paranoia.
Individual needs vary considerably, but the following are some basic guidelines.
Stress is one factor which is known to trigger or exacerbate psychological disorders. Reducing or adjusting high stress situations is in the best interests of all concerned. Tests, class presentations, timed writings, and even spirited discussions may be stressful to a student with a psychological disorder. To maintain confidentiality, the notes or tapes should be handled through the teacher. Some flexibility in meeting deadlines for assignments, tests, etc. is also necessary if the student falls behind due to the nature of the disability.