Indeed, Gilbert said during a news conference yesterday that the exciting progress being made now in the science called molecular biology would have been impossible without these new tools. This is known as DNA sequencing, and it resembles identifying the chemical nature of each link in a long chain of chemicals. With these enzymes, then, biologists are able to alter the genetic instructions in living organisms.
Genes are the tools used to build and control living creatures.
The genes, then, are the basic carriers of hereditary information, which is passed on from parents to offspring. In higher animals, this genetic information is carried primarily in each cell's nucleus - with each cell having a complete set of these genetic instructions. The individual cells then make different products according to what the genes command. All around the world people are using these tools now, trying to attack everything at once. These include human insulin, human growth hormone, human interferon and numerous other useful substances.