A second issue is the distortion of the price mechanism. Prices are heightened due to the resources wasted on trying to overcome problems in infrastructure. Prices are supposed to reflect inputs and values and thus to assist the markets to optimally allocate its resources. If the prices reflect other, unrelated, issues - then they are distorted and they distort the economic activity. The third problem is that a disadvantage of a country - is an advantage to its competitors, rivals, neighbours and enemies.
Infrastructure is much easier to fix than a country's image.
If the country acquires a reputation of a mere transit area, an underdeveloped, inefficient, non productive, hopeless case - it will suffer greatly until this is amended. All this amounts to an ex communication of the country. Then, it can allow the business sector to operate parts of the national infrastructure. The usual arrangement is that the business sector invests in creating the infrastructure and then collects a fee for operating and maintaining it. The fees collected are large enough to cover both the investment and the maintenance costs.