Some of these can be controlled, some influenced, and others only reacted too. This includes such things as a culture that supports the development of individuals, organizational climate, working conditions, the availability of tools and processes necessary for performance, and management support of the use of new knowledge and skills. Managers greatly influence the internal environment in which individuals must perform. A second major influence on performance is the use of incentives. Incentives are a major influence on performance.
People do what they are rewarded for doing.
Third, a certain level of knowledge and skill is required to perform. While jobs have basic qualifications that an incumbent should have, additional knowledge and skills are gained through training programs, job assignments, coaching, self-development, etc. Knowledge and skills are fairly easy to recognize, develop, and assess. The fourth factor impacting performance is that of an individual's motivation and attitude. These relate to individual characteristics such as self-concept, traits, motives, and social roles.