Indians make up less than 1 percent of the city's population. About 720 Indians live on the Sarcee Indian Reserve southwest of Calgary. More than 640 oil companies have their headquarters in Calgary. The city's many refineries process petroleum from the Turner Valley oil fields and other wells in southern Alberta. More than 70 percent of Canada's engineering, geological, geophysical, and surveying consultant firms have home offices in Calgary.
Most Canadian banks have western headquarters in the city, making it a major financial center.
Calgary is a leading cattle center. Large ranches in southern Alberta send their cattle to slaughterhouses and processing plants in the Calgary area. The city's location also makes it a center for transportation and shipping. More than 10 airlines serve Calgary International Airport. The city is served by two transcontinental railways.