The IMF and the World Bank have begun to recognize corruption as a drag on economic growth and a threat to democracy. The international lenders have asserted themselves to force nations to address endemic corruption. They have singled out Kenya for particular criticism, partly because corruption under President Daniel arap Moi's government has increased but also because Kenya is relatively well developed and has much to lose if its infrastructure is allowed to deteriorate. The criticism seems to be having results. But corruption is difficult to wipe out overnight.
Many people expect a gratuity for doing their job.
It's known as TKK - Toa Kitu Kidogo in Swahili. As he drives along Africa's highways, Kuria is often stopped at police roadblocks and asked for gratuities. On this trip, he said he is grateful to have a white foreigner in his truck because the police treat muzungus with deference. Even in post-colonial Africa, white people often get preferential treatment. Along the highway, the bribery system is well entrenched.