This is not to suggest that the Bible is entirely wrong to believe that virtue brings blessings and vice condemnation. That's true most of the time, just as old-fashioned Newtonian physics is right about almost all the physical phenomena we know. But the more we have learned about matter and time, the more we have needed a physics by Einstein and by Einstein's successors, that addresses all those odd little things in the world which Newton didn't suspect. So even though the old covenant belief that good always is rewarded and bad always punished works out most of the time, the Bible needed further approaches to meet those instances in which being good doesn't seem to pay. These don't supplant the old rules, just as engineers still rely on Newton to build a building, and only need Einstein to work with molecules.
New approaches come into play in the hard cases.
Job is presented as one such hard case. And we know he is a hard case, because it is not only church, it is common sense which has led us to believe that doing good things is good for us, and doing bad things is bad for us. We are puzzled when we see suffering that we can't blame on somebody's wrongdoing. We look for answers for undeserved suffering, for the suffering in this world which doesn't make sense, and we don't see any. Like Job, we finally stop talking, we cover our mouths, we have no more words with which to wrestle with what goes wrong in God s good world.