Listed from least to most severe, these conditions rapidly can advance from one to another. This requires a close watch for their symptoms once temperatures become intense. Heat cramps are muscle aches caused by a loss of salt as the body attempts to regulate its temperature by sweating. Left unattended, heat cramps can be a beginning symptom of heat exhaustion , which develops as the body continues to become more dehydrated. Some of the symptoms most commonly identified with heat exhaustion include cool or moist skin, dilated pupils, profound sweating, tiredness, headache and nausea or vomiting.
Heat stroke is the most serious of the three conditions.
Heat stroke often is signaled by hot, dry, red skin. Victims of heat stroke also may exhibit signs of disorientation, experience rapid and shallow breathing or have a quick and weak pulse. Victims of heat illnesses should be removed from the sun and allowed to lie down in a cool area with their feet elevated. Unless the victim shows signs of shock, water or salted beverages should be given to sip. Cool, wet cloths and fans can be used to lower the body s internal temperature.