Camran can visualize in his mind. He can take that two dimensional TV camera and make it three dimensional. He does that by integrating all of the images sequentially in his mind. You really have to be able to do that in order to be a wizard at this. He can dissect things out and stay away from big vessels and stay away from nerves that you need to stay away from.
Perseverance is also a factor.
Mark Vierra - have huge amounts of perseverance. They'll just keep going. Stanford is fortunate to have many leaders and innovators in this area. In addition to Camran and his brothers, Walter, and Mark Vierra in general surgery, Baird Smith in pediatric surgery has applied laparoscopic techniques to the pediatric age group, which I think is a very important. Also, John Stevens has developed minimally invasive techniques for cardiac surgery and Tom Fogarty in cardiothoracic surgery has been a leader in developing new devices and technology.