The Congo rainforest is a rather uniform environment, but half of the pygmies are net hunters while the other half are archers. Since the hunters have larger social groups and hunt in small numbers, their respective social groupings are different. During honey season, the hunters and archers display opposite behavior. Both groups have to make temporary social adjustments during honey season, but the archers form larger groups while the hunters split into smaller groups. The article ends by describing the important demographic measures one does in making cultural ecological analyses.
Population has to be looked at, but it is deceivingly simple.
While one can make a calculation of how many people there are per square unit, each person is not equal to another. The land area that a population occupies has to be calculated, but people use different types of land in different ways. Finally, although it is very technically difficult, energy use studies are essential. Eating and working patterns are fundamental to cultural ecology. Heider, Karl G. 1972.