At the same time, these conditions restrict high-performance aircraft operations. To effectively employ aviation forces, commanders must understand the unique characteristics of each environment and its effects on aviation operations as are described below. Aviation forces are ideally suited for sustaining combat operations in mountainous terrain. In fact, the helicopter made its first real combat contributions in the mountainous terrain of Korea. Helicopters can overcome the difficulties associated with the movement and support of ground forces in mountains.
Mountains provide excellent terrain-masking and radar and visual acquisition avoidance.
Air movement is the principal mode for rapidly displacing forces, equipment, and supplies in mountainous areas where ground transportation is hindered from natural or man-made obstacles. Terrain can limit maneuverability and engagement areas. In steep mountainous terrain, the look-down angle to a target can be so great that the target becomes almost impossible to engage. High altitudes restrict aircraft lift capabilities and armament loads. Weather conditions change rapidly.