Nest cavities are located underground, connecting with the deep tunnels. Moles have high energy requirements. They actively feed day and night at all times of the year. They feed on mature insects and snail larvae, spiders, small vertebrates, earthworms, and occasionally take small amounts of vegetation. Earthworms and white grubs are favorite foods.
Moles prefer loose, sandy loam soils and avoid heavy, dry clay soils.
Mole activity in lawns or fields usually shows up as ridges of upheaved soil created where the runways were constructed as the animals moved about foraging for food. Some of these tunnels are used as travel lanes and may be abandoned immediately after being dug. Mounds of soil called molehills may be brought to the surface of the ground as moles dig deep, permanent tunnels and nest cavities. Moles breed in late winter or spring and have a gestation period of about four to six weeks. May. Young moles are born naked and helpless, but growth and development occur rapidly.