Previously, developed and developing countries had tended to be in opposite groups, although even then there were exceptions. In the run up to the Uruguay Round, the line between the two became less rigid, and during the round different alliances developed, depending on the issues. Settling disputes 4. Beyond the agreements 5.
Most import tariffs are now quite low, particularly in developed countries.
Some affect exports from developing countries. When importing countries escalate their tariffs in this way, they make it more difficult for countries producing raw materials to process and manufacture value-added products for export. Tariff escalation exists in both developed and developing countries. Slowly, it is being reduced. In many others, the developing countries do not necessarily share common interests and they may not adopt common positions.