Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled. Avoid swimming and paddling in fresh water. Swimming pools which are well-chlorinated and maintained are safe. Hepatitis A and E are widespread. Hepatitis B is hyperendemic.
Meningococcal meningitis is a risk, depending on the area and the time of year.
The hot, dusty, windy environmental conditions in November and December may exacerbate respiratory problems. Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten, seek medical advice without delay. For more information consult the Health appendix.