Sharnoff, Stephen. 1993. A preliminary compilation. Shiflet, Thomas N., ed. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Society for Range Management.
Plains pricklypear is a good forage for cattle.
Journal of Range Management. Sundstrom, C. 1967. Effects of livestock fencing on antelope. Sundstrom, Charles. 1968. Water consumption by pronghorn antelope and distribution related to water in Wyoming's Red Desert.