Many different approaches to the study of the brain and the nervous system exist and each has a different goal. Therefore, it is not surprising that there are a large number of names and titles to describe people who study the brain, the nervous system, and behavior. Some of the common terms used to describe different types of neuropsychology reflect the methodology employed by the researcher or the goal of the research. Neuropsychology is one of the more general terms, and it is used to refer to the study of the relationship between the brain and behavior. Neuroscience generally refers to the study of neurons and the way they work in either animals or humans.
Psychophysiology refers to the study of psychological theories using physiological measures.
In other words, psychophysiologists try to understand some kind of behavior or cognitive process. Their data generally includes some kind of physiological response, such as heart rate. Functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures. One application of this kind of research is to help medical professionals anticipate problems a patient might experience following brain injury. Clinical neuroscience concerns the study of clinical populations to better understand neuroanatomy and to test psychological theories.