The pwd command displays the path to the working directory, telling you where you are located in the file system. The ls command is used to list the contents of a directory. It lists the files and directories in the working or specified directory. There are several options that change how the ls command displays information. The -a option lists all files, including the ones that are not normally displayed by ls these are the hidden files and directories whose names begin with a dot.
Plain files have no suffix.
The -l option displays the long listing for the directory. For a file the link count is usually 1. If the count is greater than 1, it means that the file has names in other directories pointing to it. For directories, the link count indicates the number of directories in that directory. The result of the -g option depends on the UNIX variant that you are running.