Being sensitive' involves a multitude of reactions between molecules and therefore there are a great number of potential places in these chemical pathways where something may be going wrong. The glucose is then changed by enzymes and this produces electrical changes within the cell. In response to these electrical changes, insulin secretion is triggered. In type 2 diabetics, the beta-cell doesn't respond properly to the blood glucose level, and insulin secretion is not sufficient to keep blood glucose levels within 'normal' limits. Normally, body cells such as fat and muscle cells respond to insulin by taking glucose from the blood.
Glucose transporters appear on the cell surfaces and let the glucose in.
The problem possibly lies with the glucose transporter, which is called GLUT-4 . Alternatively, the insulin receptor has been proposed to be at fault. Additional glucose from the liver To further complicate matters, when stimulated the liver releases glucose into the blood. Normally after a meal glucose is taken up and stored as glycogen . The glycogen is then later converted back to glucose and released when needed.