I can't address everything, but there are a few parts of this post that don't jive with what I have been reading in my literature review. I have little to do with Kazakhstan, and don't question this figure. However, together with the earlier piece, it makes it sound like soil erosion is progressing rapidly, and we will soon not be able to produce enough food. As background for my own research, I did some reading about the costs of soil degradation. It turns out that globally, soil erosion is a rather minor problem.
Most soil erosion is just soil movement.
Locally, as suggested for Kazakhstan, it can be a pretty serious problem. Thus, we shouldn't ignore it, but also shouldn't go around parroting it as evidence that the sky is falling. Signs of melting are everywhere. Now this is absurd. Glaciers are rivers of ice, which accumulate snow at high elevations and melt at low elevations.