A third approach could be to explore those traditions sensitive to the variety of forms of deception to the point of having synthesized their principles in the form of a set. Their insights could be usefully confronted with those emerging from the second approach. At its most innocent, a parent makes extensive use of a range of distraction techniques to manoeuvre a child into a required pattern of behaviour. The child quickly learns to exploit many of these techniques too. This familiar pattern, like that of parent-teacher, develops many skills in confidence artistry.
Pupils seek to dupe teachers and teachers seek to manoucre pupils.
A matter of daily experience to most of the working population, this relationship develops many skills in confidence artistry. Few people fail to develop skills in the confidence skills associated with the management of this relationship. Consumers need to be canny in their response to the skills of salespeople and advertising. For the therapist, as for the doctor, the task is to untangle the web of perceptions that the client offers. For the client the task is to determine when they are being inappropriately exploited.