Enumerate the number of casts and take the average range per low power field. Subdued light must be used to provide adequate contrast. If there is too much light, structures that have low refractive index such as hyaline casts and ghost RBCs will be overlooked. Must be reviewed by Medical Director or Pathologist on-call. Muse be confirmed under polarized light and reviewed by Medical Director or Pathologist on-call.
Normal urine has a wide range of color that is determined by urine concentration.
Trace amounts may be significant if found consistently. Detectable levels of ketone may occur in urine during physiological stress conditions, such as fasting, pregnancy, or frequent strenuous exercise. The test reacts with acetoacetic acid in urine. It does not react with acetone or Beta -Hydroxybutyric acid. The test is equally sensitive to myoglobin as to hemoglobin.