Just as Darwin switched the perception of ourselves from fallen angels to risen apes, so too Freud shifted our self-image from innocent animal to horny monkey. Then Skinner came along and proposed that, like laboratory rats, we could be conditioned to do almost anything by carefully scheduling our rewards.
Nonsense proclaim a new breed of cognitive psychologists.
Each of the above schools of thought decorate their particular theory with supporting evidence while discounting or ridiculing the evidence of others. For they, like him, must make decisions on the bases of messages - some fuzzy, some conflicting, some incomplete or delayed. Like you and me, scientists construct beliefs out of incomplete information, out of chains of messages that get edited by the messengers or instruments that collect and carry them. They disagree because different scientists expect different messages and trust different messengers. The old guard endorsed the notion that seeing is believing, that empiricism is the foundation of truth.