Computers are used to process data and make necessary complex calculations. There are two main techniques. The diffraction spots show the symmetry of the crystal. These methods use monochromatic x-rays, but vary q by moving the crystal mounted on a rotating stage. Usually employ diffractometers and computers for data collection and processing.
Primary application is for mineral identification .
Monochromatic x-rays are focused on pellet or slide mounted on rotating stage. Since sample is powder, all possible diffractions are recorded simultaneously from hypothetical randomly oriented grains. Mount is then rotated to ensure all diffractions are obtained. Older methods used photographic techniques. Most modern applications employ X-Ray Powder Diffractometers.