Listeriosis is a rare severe illness caused by a bacterial infection, Listeria monocytogenes. Symptoms include fever, intense headache, nausea and vomiting often with signs of meningitis or encephalitis. Occasionally, inflammation of other organs and skin lesions develop. Shock and sometimes death may occur. Anyone can get the disease, but those at highest risk of severe illness are newborns, the elderly, persons with weakened immune systems and pregnant women.
Infections occur throughout the year.
Although most cases occur sporadically, foodborne outbreaks do occur. Listeria bacteria are widely distributed in nature and can be found in water, soil and vegetation. Infected animals may also serve as sources. Unlike other organisms, listeria can be spread by several different methods. Other meats such as ground beef, poultry and sausages may also be contaminated.