Hot-linked terms in the definitions are defined elsewhere in this glossary. Some of the most disaster-prone countries are those with high hazard frequencies and low national wealth, meaning that they are not able to respond effectively in the aftermath of a hazard or to mitigate the impact of future hazard events. An earthquake may last a few seconds, while a drought may continue for several years.
Related hazards caused by earthquakes include landslides and tsunamis .
Also occur in narrow valleys or developed urban areas where impervious surfaces increase rapid runoff. Warning times are severely limited. Coastal flooding results when water surpasses its tide line. Flood problems can be exacerbated by human activities such as land drainage, river channelization, and deforestation. Can be caused by lightning, human carelessness, or intentional fire setting.