This newer form of therapy involves the transfer of genetic material into patients for therapeutic purposes. Cellular therapy has become standard treatment for leukemia, breast cancer, certain brain tumors and ovarian cancer. Stem cell transplantation is also an essential treatment element of hematological disorders, autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency conditions. Length of stay varies from 3 to 6 weeks, depending on patient diagnosis, stage of disease, type of transplant and overall health of patient.
Protocols exist for patients of all ages, from infancy through geriatrics .
Outcomes vary according to the disease state and general health. They range from 10 percent or less to 95 percent in some cases. Sources of stem cells include cord blood, other family members, unrelated donors and the patient . Bone marrow is a spongy material where blood cells are made inside bones. Bone marrow transplants are done for patients who have diseased marrow or who will be receiving high doses of therapy that will damage their marrow.