Setting up a point system is one popular method of positive reinforcement that some parents use. Many parents find that this works, and other parents claim that it doesn't work. Each child and parent is different, so use what works for you. An example of negative reinforcement is when schools demand that children get passing grades if they want to participate in sports. The speed limits that states set on highways is an example of negative reinforcement.
Negative reinforcement is when a negative scenario discourages an unwanted behavior.
Parents can also use this to help guide their children. If your child must meet curfew to continue being allowed to date, this is negative reinforcement. If your child must have less than three missing homework assignments per grading period to continue her dancing lessons, this is also negative reinforcement. I think that we all are familiar with punishment. Any time you take something away as a result of something deemed inappropriate this is punishment.