This architecture consists of the following components. Access Control Access control mechanisms ensure that information is controlled and access is granted by predetermined security policy. There are numerous approaches to achieving access control. These range from simple password protection to token-based mechanisms to more advanced biometric encryption technologies. The goal of privacy is to ensure that unauthorized people on the network cannot see the contents of the message being sent.
Privacy is synonymous with confidentiality and secrecy.
The purpose of authentication is to enable principals to communicate in confidence, knowing that the communication originates with one principal and is destined for the other. Principals can be people, machines, organizations, and network resources such as printers, databases, and file systems. All authentication schemes ultimately reduce to enabling each principal to obtain or possess some information that uniquely identifies the other. Integrity Data integrity addresses the unauthorized alteration or destruction of data. To assure data integrity, one must have the ability to detect data manipulation by unauthorized parties.