The rapid drop in pH does not promote rapid degradation of nitrate during the ensiling. Checking silage nitrate levels when the pit is being filled, usually provides an accurate indication of what the nitrate level will be later on. The nitrate present in the feed may be converted to nitrites by the microbial action that causes heating. Nitrites in a feed are ten times more toxic than nitrates. Summary Nitrates are more likely to accumulate in annual forages than in perennial crops.
Nitrates are a concern immediately following a period of drought or wet, dull weather.
Feed the ration in two or three meals per day rather than just one meal per day. Allow cattle to adjust to low levels of nitrate before increasing the nitrate content of the ration. Ensure that livestock are being fed a balanced ration for the level of production that is expected. Most feeds that contain nitrate can be fed to cattle if managed properly. Feed testing is essential in determining what forages are safe and how to mix different forages and grains to provide a safe ration.