Poor people bear the brunt of those policies. It is, essentially, Reaganomics. The IMF and World Bank are the lenders of last resort in the world economy. The poorest countries have nowhere else to go. The results can be devastating.
SAPs also widen the gulf between the rich and the poor.
SAPs and World Bank development project loans have led to widescale deforestation. Besides timber cutting, IMF and World Bank policies help multinational corporations' oil and mining projects. The natural wealth of poor nations is looted and the environment devastated. If natural resources, like oil, are located on the traditional land of indigenous people, so much the worse for them. Their homeland is raped but the benefits go to the multinational corporations and, perhaps, the governing elite of their country.