Barrier type birth control methods such as condoms and diaphragms lower the risk of cervical cancer, probably by reducing the chances of transmission of infectious diseases. Oral contraceptives and multiple births increase the risk of cervical cancer, perhaps through hormones. A diet low in vitamin C, beta carotene, and vitamin B may increase the risk of cervical cancer. Prevention and Control Behavioral changes such as delaying sexual intercourse until a later age, limiting the number of sexual partners, avoiding sexually transmitted diseases, and not smoking will reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Use of barrier or spermicidal birth control methods and a diet rich in foods with vitamin C, beta carotene, and vitamin B may also decrease the chances of cervical cancer.
Early detection is very important with cervical cancer.
The Pap test should be performed annually with a pelvic exam in all women who have been sexually active or are 18 years of age or older. Increased screening with the Pap test is the main reason for the decreases in incidence and mortality due to cervical cancer. Please see Appendix I for additional recommendations on the Pap test from the American Cancer Society. During a woman's lifetime, the incidence increases sharply until age 45 and peaks between the ages of 45 to 55. Black women have incidence rates of cervical cancer that are nearly twice those of white women.