192.1.1.1 is a workstation on Class C network 192.1.1.x. I am not directly attached to 192.1.1.x, so I have to send this via a router. From the routing table I can see that 192.1.1.x is reachable via router 192.1.2.1. Router 192.1.2.1 is on Class C network 192.1.2.x. I am directly attached to 192.1.2.x, so I can send the packet directly to 192.1.2.1 via my ethernet interface.
Packet is sent out of the ethernet port.
In this situation, PING will still not report a successful test, even though the test packet did reach its destination. All of the machines on Ethernet A will have the same network address, 192.1.1.x, and all of the machines on Ethernet B will have the same network address 192.1.2.x. It is important to realise that the only way to get from one IP network to another is via an IP router. Subnetting Subnetting is a huge and complex topic and beyond the scope of this simple web page. To acheive this, we need to tell the routers to use the top byte of the host address as the subnet identifier.