Finally, we discuss encryption policy options, including export controls and domestic regulations in the United States and elsewhere, and their impact on crime and law enforcement. We review the Clinton Administration's encryption program to promote key recovery technologies through liberalized export controls, key recovery standards, and a voluntary licensing regime for key recovery agents. In focusing on the seamy side of encryption and other technologies, we do not mean to imply that they are inherently bad or that their use should be restricted. Encryption in particular can be critical for safeguarding sensitive information. Business needs access to strong encryption to protect against espionage by competitors and foreign governments.
Law enforcement needs encryption to safeguard sensitive communications relating to investigations.
Individuals need it to protect their private communications and records. Encryption policy must facilitate the sale, export, and use of strong encryption for legitimate purposes. Not all cryptographic technologies pose a threat to society. It depends on whether the cryptography is used for confidentiality or authentication. Authentication technologies enhance investigations by ensuring the integrity and authenticity of evidence and its source.