Lobeline - produces similar pharmacologic actions as nicotine but is much weaker and less toxic. At the 2 mg OTC dose few adverse effects are noted. However, at an 8 mg dose it has been reported to cause belching, epigastric pain, severe heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and fainting. Nicotine is adsorbed to an ion exchange resin. Initially developed in Sweden.
Individuals can control amount of drug available for absorption by altering the rate of chewing.
Dose of nicotine may be reduced in foods and beverages are ingested concurrently. Apparently more effective than placebo. Adverse reactions include hypotension, dizziness, sedation, dry mouth, constipation - should be carefully monitored.