These will save fuel by operating more efficiently and because they are lighter than their predecessors. Figure 1 presents the anticipated electric power needs of typical vehicles through 2005. Electric systems use power only as needed. Remaining challenges for designers of electric steering systems are reducing system cost and making systems feel exactly like conventional power steering. Wires running to electric actuators will replace the hydraulic hoses that currently activate calipers and wheel cylinders.
Electric brakes work well with antilock brake and stability control systems.
With electrically-actuated valves, valve operation can be optimized through electronic control to reduce fuel consumption and emissions while maximizing power. With sufficient electricity available, compressors will be driven by electric motors for advantages similar to those offered by electric power steering relative to hydraulic power steering. Electric heating elements are one possible solution. That transition took only a few years. The transition to 42-volt systems will be neither as quick nor as easy.