This discourse has been connected with A.I., so writers pronounce for or against the possibility of A.I. in its various kinds. In particular, the above put forward various reasons why they think A.I. is not possible. I believe A.I. is possible, but A.I. research needs a fresh approach which is attentive to how signals and symbols influence and are influenced by the way we make sense of experience, construct our own identities, and produce meaning in the world. These are not concepts that A.I. researchers have considered seriously before. Almost all A.I. research has assumed that intelligence involves logical reasoning.
Nobody knows the answers.
The Problem of Artificial Intelligence Understanding the nature of intelligence is difficult because there are no ready-made theories. If there were a reasonably complete theory of intelligence, then we could implement it. Other fields have an easier task because of ready-made theories developed within the last 100 years ro so. Provides foundation for numerical simulation of aircraft, helps to design aircraft, helps to understand natural flight. Can be used to design simulate and analyse electrical circuits.