Contact sports, especially if the foot is not adequately protected. Medical history of any bleeding disorder, such as hemophilia. Poor nutrition, including vitamin deficiency. Use of anticoagulants or aspirin. Needle aspiration of blood from the hematoma, if the hematoma is accessible.
Hyaluronidase hastens absorption of the blood.
Self-care for minor hematomas, or following serious hematomas during the rehabilitation phase. Physical therapy following serious hematomas. Your own observation of symptoms. Physical exam and medical history by a doctor for all except minor injuries. X-rays of the injured area to assess total injury to the foot and to rule out the possibility of an underlying bone fracture.