Earthworms and white grubs are favorite foods. Moles prefer loose, sandy loam soils and avoid heavy, dry clay soils. Mole activity in lawns or fields usually shows up as ridges of upheaved soil created where the runways were constructed as the animals moved about foraging for food. Some of these tunnels are used as travel lanes and may be abandoned immediately after being dug. Mounds of soil called molehills may be brought to the surface of the ground as moles dig deep, permanent tunnels and nest cavities.
Moles breed in late winter or spring and have a gestation period of about four to six weeks.
May. Young moles are born naked and helpless, but growth and development occur rapidly. About four weeks after birth, the moles leave the nest and fend for themselves. Moles in the natural environment cause little damage. They are seldom noticed until their tunneling activity becomes apparent in lawns, gardens, golf courses, pastures, or other grass and turf areas. The upheaved ridges of mole tunnels make lawn mowing difficult.