Hollander and Offermann seek to integrate theoretical approaches to leadership and power in a framework that makes better sense of the realities of mutual influence in small groups and organizations.
Participatory leaders take input from followers, but they retain control over the decision.
Delegatory leaders actual let the followers make the decisions. For example, leaders can be taught to reward subordinates and set goals through model and mentoring. They also suggest that leaders must be allowed to make mistakes, and they should be given so many tasks that they are forced to delegate.