Normally, the protein is arranged in an orderly way that keeps the lens clear and lets light pass through it. But as we get older, some of the protein may clump together and start to cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract. Over time, the clumping can get bigger and affect more of the lens, making it harder to see. NEI Researchers suspect that there are several potential causes of cataract, inclduing smoking and diabetes.
Research looking into other links, such as excess sun exposure, continues.
Meanwhile, there are precautions you can take. Routine eye exams can spot cataracts early. Your doctor can then advise you about treatment. If the cataract isn't interfering with vision, no treatment may be needed. If you are having problems, surgery to remove the cataract may be necessary.