In January, the president makes his Inaugural Address after he has been sworn at. Once he is elected, sometimes the president has to work 24 hours a day until he finds out what he is supposed to do. The nominees are usually called candidates or campaigners although I have heard them called other things. One of the strictest rules is all dark horses running for president must be people. Popular votes tell who is the most popular.
Electoral votes tell who is the most elected.
Heredity is a bad thing in politics because it gets us kings instead of presidents. A caucus is something people vote in. Sort of a small booth. An overwhelming favorite is a candidate that often comes over to the convention and whelms the delegates. The jobs of delegates is to resent their states.