Children requiring IV therapy must be monitored closely due to the high risk for fluid overload. Weight gain occurs as fluids are retained and the child becomes weak and lethargic. The child may appear bloated. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting develop as fluid and electrolyte balance deteriorates. The child eventually has confusion, convulsions, and coma.
Fluid overload is considered life threatening.
The goals for treatment are to reduce the fluid overload and raise the serum sodium level and osmolarity. Fluid overload is a temporary crisis and there should be no further risks to the child once the problem is corrected. Many children with DI have multiple hormone deficiencies and complex health care needs. They are followed by a pediatric endocrinologist. All the information herein is subject to opinion.