This was the first English Bible to be authorized for public use in English churches. While defective in many places, it was based on Tyndale's NT of 1534-1535 and corrected by a Latin version of the Hebrew OT, the Latin Bible of Erasmus, and the Complutensian Polyglot. 1541 - 1564 Calvin heads a theocratic Protestant government in Geneva, Switzerland. 1542 Portugese merchants first arrive in Japan. 1542 Pope Paul II establishes the Universal Inquisition in Rome.
Dominican cardinals try alleged heretics with no legal counsel.
1543 Spanish Catholics begin burning Protestants at the stake. Nikolaus Copernicus refuses to publish De Revolutionibus Orbitum Coelestium out of fear of Church censure. Sweden makes Lutheranism the official state religion and bans Catholic worship. Luther writes Against the Papacy at Rome, an Institution of the Devil. It sought to meet the challenge of Protestantism and clearly define an official theology.