Alkalies penetrate the skin slowly. The extent of injury depends on the duration of contact. If sodium hydroxide is not removed from the skin, severe burns with deep ulceration may occur. Exposure to the dust or mist may cause multiple small burns and temporary loss of air. Pathologic findings due to alkalies may include gelatinous, necrotic areas at the site of contact.
Effects are dependent upon concentration and duration of exposure.
Dermatitis or effects similar to those for acute exposure may occur. In case of chemical burns, cover area with sterile, dry dressing, bandage securely, but not too tightly. Get medical attention immediately. After 7 to 13 days either gradual recovery begins or there is progression of ulceration and corneal opacification. Complications of severe eye burns are symblepharon with overgrowth of the cornea by the vacularized membrane, progressive or recurrent corneal ulceration and permanent corneal opacification.