Other concerns include lowered oxygen levels due to carbon monoxide inputs, and spills or leaks associated with the transfer and storage of gasoline near water bodies. Shoreline Erosion - Shoreline erosion may affect water clarity in near shore areas, shading submerged aquatic plants as well as providing nutrients for algal growth. It can interfere with fish use of shallow water habitat, as well as wildlife use of the land-water edge. Excessive shoreline erosion can negatively affect property values and can be expensive for riparian landowners to prevent and control. Aquatic Macrophytes - Boats may impact macrophytes either directly, through contact with the propeller and boat hull, or indirectly through turbidity and wave damage.
Propellers can chop off plant shoots and uproot whole plants if operated in shallow water.
Increased turbidity from boat activity may limit the light available for plants and limit where plants can grow. Increased waves may limit growth of emergent species. Finally, boats may transport non-native species, such as Eurasian water milfoil, from one body of water to another. Fish - Direct contact of boats or propellers may be a source of mortality for certain fish species, such as carp. Pollution from exhaust or spills may be toxic to some fish species.