Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain in which seizures occur repeatedly. Seizures are caused by sudden, large discharges of electrical impulses from brain cells. Neurons are the nerve cells within the brain. They coordinate movement, thinking, personality, and sensory activities.
Neurons communicate with each other through electrical discharges.
A seizure occurs when excitable neurons give off abnormal electrical discharges. There are different types of seizures, depending on where the excitable neurons are located. Epilepsy is diagnosed when an individual has a repeating pattern of seizures. Generalized epilepsy affects the entire brain. The person loses consciousness or awareness of the environment.