Once in the drain field, natural bacteria in the soil digest the organic materials, and then the resulting clean water empties into the soil. Scum - Floatable materials that cannot be absorbed into the liquid, such as cooking oil and fats, rise to the top of the tank and form a layer known as scum. Digestion - Waste that can be broken down by bacteria, primarily organic solids, is absorbed into the liquefied middle layer of the tank and passes out into the soil, or is released into the air as gas. This process, called digestion, is completed in the drain field, which absorbs the remaining waste and harmful bacteria, leaving clean liquid to empty into the soil. Naturally occurring bacteria that produce enzymes do all the hard work.
Enzymes liquefy the organic materials.
As it stores sludge and scum, the tank must have enough space in the liquefied layer for the bacteria and enzymes to efficiently process waste. If you notice any of these conditions, take immediate steps to correct them or seek help to diagnose the source of the problem. Even a small plumbing leak could saturate the drain field, causing serious and costly problems. Conserve water and spread out laundry loads Only put biodegradable items down the toilet and sinks to help ease the burden on the system. By taking a few simple steps to maintain and care for your septic system, you can keep it working trouble free.