It is also estimated that between 10 per cent and 85 per cent of elderly institutionalised patients have a poor nutritional status. Consequences of malnutrition Obvious consequences of malnutrition are weight loss, reduced fat stores, muscle wasting and a progressive weakness and tiredness. These factors alone can result in considerable morbidity and mortality. In addition, immune response and wound healing efficiency are reduced. Malnourished patients are at greater risk of pressure sores because of decreased mobility and smaller protective fat stores.
Impaired wound healing further exacerbates the problem.
Additionally, malnourished patients are frequently depressed and unmotivated. While lack of mobility and general malaise will be key factors, distress at physical appearance, reduced morale and will to recover also contribute to this general state of apathy. Improving nutritional intake Those with DRM will require protein and energy to replete lean body mass and fat stores. But they may also have specific nutrient deficiencies such as iron deficiency anaemia or low plasma zinc levels. These deficiencies should be corrected as soon as possible with specific vitamin and mineral supplementation.