Studies show that varying the forms of punishment is more effective, notes the psychologist. Consequences need to be immediate, and discipline needs to be consistent, says Professor Kazdin. You will find more opportunities to teach your child the desired behavior if your child feels comfortable and safe around you. Reward that positive behavior consistently. They also adapt quickly to punishment, which means spanking and yelling might work the first few times, but are less effective with repeated use.
Most parents can testify to that reality.
At Yale's Child Conduct Clinic, Professor Kazdin treats children ages 2 to 13 for problems with aggression, fighting and vandalism. Parents of children under age 7 learn new skills to reward good behavior. Children age 7 and older also receive individual therapy while parents and teachers learn how to reinforce their improved behavior in school, in the community and at home. Many of the clinic's children have been physically abused. Mild punishments included as part of a larger program that reinforces positive behaviors can teach a child much more effectively than punishment alone.