Paralysis occurs when nerves are damaged.
Paraplegia occurs when damage to the spinal cord in the middle or lower back regions causes paralysis in the legs and lower part of the body. Quadriplegia occurs when damage to the nerves in the neck causes paralysis in the arms and legs, as well as the bladder, bowels, and even breathing muscles. Someone who is partially affected may recover some or all mobility. Permanent paraplegia and quadriplegia require long-term skin, bladder, and bowel care. Physical and occupational therapies are important to recovery.