Also, studios sell distribution rights to different foreign distributors and would like to guarantee an exclusive market. Therefore they have required that the DVD standard include codes that can be used to prevent playback of certain discs in certain geographical regions. Each player is given a code for the region in which it's sold. The player will refuse to play discs that are not allowed in that region. This means that discs bought in one country may not play on players bought in another country.
Regional codes are entirely optional for the maker of a disc.
Discs without codes will play on any player in any country. Some studios originally announced that only their new releases will have regional codes, but so far almost all releases play in only one region. The region number superimposed on a world globe identifies players and discs. If a disc plays in more than one region it will have more than one number on the globe. Some players can be modified to play discs regardless of their regional codes.