TNN Medical Reporter Virginia Baskerville Investigators have reported the successful use of a noninvasive way to diagnose acute rejection of transplanted kidneys. The investigators obtained urine specimens from 22 kidney transplant patients with a biopsy-confirmed episode of acute rejection and from 63 transplant patients without evidence of acute rejection. They then used a polymerase chain reaction assay to measure messenger RNA encoding perforin, granzyme B, and a cyclophilin B gene. The mean levels of perforin mRNA and granzyme B mRNA, but not the levels of cyclophilin B mRNA, were higher in the urinary cells from the patients with evidence of rejection than in those without evidence of rejection.
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