Forceful exertions Prolonged static postures Exposure to heat or cold Illumination Vibration Awkward postures, including reaching above the shoulders or behind the back Twisting the wrists and other joints. Cold exposures also effects the body's blood circulation and causes hypothermia, loss of flexibility, distraction and poor dexterity. High exposure over a long period of time causes deafness and other audiological disorders. Short term exposure causes irritability and distraction. It effects the body by reduced visual acuity, distractions, and glare interference.
Illumination is measured with a light meter, similar to that used by a photographer.
Vibration is measured by its direction, acceleration and frequency on the body. Otherwise known as work stress, included in this category are salary administration, job positions, rest breaks, Employee attitude, and boredom. Employees should rest often depending on their work activity and temperature. Keeping the job moving and variation in activity reduces boredom. The same principal holds true with ergonomic work station design.