Population levels in several prefectures remain less than 50 percent of pre-genocide levels, according to Rwandan government data. Population and refugee statistics suggest that Kibungo prefecture could be another potential flashpoint in the future. The Rwandan government has made Kibungo region a major permanent resettlement area for old caseload Tutsi returnees. A tense war mentality continues to exist in Rwanda's border regions. Veteran troops of the RPA patrol border areas.
Interahamwe militia occur several times weekly.
Areas of infiltration appear to be particularly susceptible to overreactions and abuses by RPA troops on alert. Human rights violations in these border areas, regardless of perpetrators, shape refugees impressions about tensions and poor security in the rest of Rwanda. Train RPA troops to receive large numbers of returnees. The government of Rwanda, with international assistance, should provide special training to RPA soldiers posted in border areas to prepare them to deal properly with large numbers of civilian returnees. Training should range from human rights to proper crowd control techniques.