The second largest penguin is the King Penguin at 38 in. From 40 to 25 million years ago, penguins were the dominant warm-blooded predators of fish, krill, and squid. There were at least 40 penguin species back then, today there are 17 species of penguin. The Adelie Penguin is the typical looking penguin, purely black and white, with white eye rings. The Emperor and King penguins have yellow-orange neck markings.
Penguins are flightless birds.
Their wings have been modified to flippers for ocean swimming. Penguins are gregarious, which means they like to live in community flocks or groups. Penguin communities are called colonies. Penguins eat fish and crustaceans. Nine species of penguins live in the cool waters south of New Zealand.