Here is a list of boat types, e-mail addresses, and names. Call these numbers to get info about getting a VHF license. Hailing by recreational vessels is now supposed to happen on Channel 9. You are required to carry adequate saftey devices for your boat. What is deemed adequate varies by size.
Most marine stores have a pretty good idea what's the minimum.
Once again, Chapman's can give you details. Prudence dictates that you should learn how to operate your vessel before you start out. Note that many states have begun enforcing Boating While Intoxicated laws, and that some have begun enforcing speed limits. See the additional material below. If you want to operate a marine radio from your boat, you need a station license.