They are adjustments that economies have always endured. Since money is the connecting link between all economic activities, the answer must be sought there. Economies exist because people exchange goods and services for money. This means that economies are consumer driven. Everyone is a consumer, though not everyone is a producer.
Producers spend money for land, buildings, machinery, resources, and workers.
Money circulates through the economy as producers pay owners of land, builders of buildings, makers of machinery, sellers of resources, and a labor force. Products, when they are sold, circulate money back to the producers to keep production going. The money that producers use to start a business comes from investment. Investors believe that a product or service will have a good chance of success, so they want to put money into a business. Some people invest by buying stock, which is ownership in a company.