Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 3 patients. SCC antigen was monitored in 5 patients. The possible role of this marker in bladder SCC is discussed. Invasion of the upper urinary tract and prostatic urethra seems more common in SCC than in transitional cell carcinoma. Distant metastases are rare.
Most patients die after attempts of locoregional control of the tumor have failed.
Extensive surgery is recommended. Preoperative radiotherapy should be considered since pelvic recurrences are the leading cause of progression in squamous cell carcinoma. Although several effective therapeutic modalities are currently available for each urological cancer, there are still many patients for whom cure is not possible. There has been no therapy to improve upon M-VAC for more than a decade. In this review, several trials with new combination chemotherapies that were developed to overcome the limitations of the current therapy are discussed.