It does not affect the sound of the vowel. Koine Greek is the language of the New Testament. Participal - A word that has the characteristics of both a verb and an adjective. As a verb it has voice and tense but is actually timeless, getting its tense from the actual verb it modifies. Preposition - Adverbs which help to define more clearly the meanings of cases of verbs.
Prepositions use the ablative, genitive, locative, instrumental, accusitive, and dative cases.
Used with Accusative only. Used with Locative only. Used with Locative, Ablative, and Accusative. Around or about. Used with Instrumental only.