In normal years, initial grass growth relies on food reserves stored in the roots and crowns for a relatively short period. By approximately the fourth leaf stage, most grass will begin to restore food reserves for next year's growth. During drought plants may go dormant before the end of the normal growing season. Thus, plants enter a longer than normal dormant period and become dependent on food reserves earlier in the year. Adequate food reserves also help plants tolerate extreme temperatures that often accompany drought.
Drought increases the rate of natural die-off of plant roots.
Range plants that have lost root biomass during drought are less able to obtain nutrients and water from the soil. Thus, drought stricken ranges should be managed to promote root replacement. Because growth is initiated early in spring, deferment from grazing during this period is important for re-establishing vigorous root systems. Effects on plant growth depend on the severity and duration of the drought as well as the health of the vegetation going into it. Even on ranges in good condition, forage production is less than normal during drought.