This may seem complex but it really isn't when you use a common experience to illustrate it. Like so much in debate it sounds difficult, but it really isn't. If you can understand this then you are well on your way to becoming able to make very sophisticated arguments and decisions in debates and in life. Falling off a cliff is a bad thing. Let's use that as an example of a disadvantage.
Most disadvantages begin with the link and end with the impact.
In between other needed elements are added, such as internal link, brink, uniqueness, etc. Here is a simple example. There is only so much time in the school day. Art will be cut, and art is a much more valuable thing to study. Affirmative adds study of Chinese to the required curriculum.