Touch-screen interfaces have inherent limitations due to the required sizes of touch zones and the possibility of errors due to visual angle. As the number of touch icons increases and their size and the distance between them decreases, the occurrence of errors increases. Mouse and keyboard users tend to make more tilt, zoom, and short panning movements. These findings suggest that mouse and keyboard users were likely to conduct a more thorough inspection of camera sites. It is partly on this basis that we recommend that mouse and keyboard interfaces be selected for manually controlling remote cameras.
Interfaces using preset cameras appear to be superior to pure manual controllers.
The preset functions allow for a quick look at a location and prevent the operator from spending time on manually panning the camera around to view the roadway from opposite directions. The manual functions, on the other hand, allow the operator to examine a particular location in great detail when necessary. Our recommendation, therefore, is that a camera-control design should incorporate preset capabilities for approximate camera aiming along with manual control capabilities for fine aiming. Incident Detection Algorithms Incident detection, verification, and management are central to effective TMC operations. TMC operators are concerned with several performance parameters of incident detection algorithms hits, misses, false alarms, and detection latencies.