Carbohydrate Amylase breaks down starch to maltose Maltose is further degraded by maltase to monosaccharides. And decreases the effective osmotic pressur of large intestine contents so that water can be reabsorbed. The Ruminant Stomach Animals thtat regurgitate and remasticate their food are called ruminants. Ruminant stomach is adapted for fermentation of ingested food by bacterial and protozoan microorganisms. Mammalian digestive enzymes cannot digest cellulose.
Sailivary glands are present in birds and well developed in species which consume dry food.
The crop is a dilatation of the esophagus and has a food storage function. The gastric secretions HCL and pepsinogen as well as mucus are secreted by the proventriculus. The small intestine has a well-defined duodenum with the pancreas located between its loops but there is no distinction between the jejunum and ileum. The ceca, which are paired structures, are located at the junction of the small and large intestine. Here microbial digestion of cellulose occurs.