The strength, hardness and non-brittleness which nickel brings to materials mean that the products and processes of civilization last longer. The productivity achievable through nickel reflects itself in the availability and affordability of products that allow or enhance a high standard of living. Durability means productivity and lower unit costs, and retained value at the end of product life. Cleanability and Sustainable Development Nickel stainless steels and alloys are hygienic, easily cleaned and permit only insignificant levels of metal pickup. Food is safer because it is processed, handled, cooked using materials that are easily cleaned and thus less susceptible to spoilage or contamination.
Pharmaceuticals are less likely to be contaminated.
Food costs are reduced because of reduced spoilage and reliable long life of processing facilities. The cost of a reliable water supply is reduced for the same reason and because of the durability of installed infrastructure. Value is retained at the end of the product life. Reduced spoilage of food means less pressure on agricultural lands and landfills. More reliable water distributions systems means reduced pressure on water supply.