Common Protocols Multicast Addresses Ethernet Numbers Tech Essays Internet Course Solaris Information Misc. IDS Sniffers Vulnerability Scanners Port Scanners Network Monitoring Firewall Ping NetBIOS Password Packet Tools Promiscuous Detection Fingerprinting Phone Steganography HTML NT Misc.
Protocols usually exist in two forms.
First, they exist in a textual form for humans to understand. Second, they exist as programming code for computers to understand. Both forms should ultimately specify the precise interpretation of every bit of every message exchanged across a network. Protocols should exist at every point where logical program flow crosses between hosts or programs. In other words, we need protocols every time two different computers or programs need to agree on how they will communicate information between them.