The Northern Hemisphere is the northern half of the earth between the North Pole and the equator. The Southern Hemisphere is the southern half between the South Pole and the equator. The other is from east to west. The Eastern Hemisphere is referred to as the Old World while the Western Hemisphere is considered the New World. Antarctica is the seventh continent and it sits at the southern tip of both hemispheres around the South Pole.
Parallel lines are two imaginary lines that never cross but stay the same distance apart.
The parallels of latitude are imaginary lines on a globe that run east and west. As you know the equator is a line of latitude that divides the Northern Hemisphere from the Southern Hemisphere. Lines of longitude run north and south on the globe and come together at the North and South Poles. Lines of longitude are referred to as meridians. The Prime Meridian is a longitudinal line that runs through Greenwich, England south through the western portion of Europe and Africa.