In some studies, gophers reduced alfalfa yields by up to 46 percent. The mounds also can damage mowing and baling equipment. Holes or burrows near the surface can injure grazing animals. As with weed control, gopher control requires a long-term commitment and attention to timing. Poisoning and trapping are the most common ways to control gophers.
Poisoning works well over large areas.
This should be done in early spring or late fall when gophers are actively seeking and storing food. Baits should be placed in burrows, not left on the soil surface.