This procedure consists of an implanted radioactive source at the tumor site for a period usually lasting 1-4 days. The patient is hospitalized with minimal contact with family or staff. Again, it is important for the nurse to stress that after the implant is removed there is no risk of contamination. The primary function of the oncology nurse in the radiotherapy setting continues to be patient education, support and symptom management. The nurse encourages patients to take frequent rest periods to conserve energy for their most important activities.
Radiation causes irritation to the intestinal lining, which causes diarrhea.
Women receiving pelvic radiation are encouraged to modify their diets to bland and low residue while on treatment and for one month to six weeks after treatments end. Prescriptions for antidiarrheals are often given to help maintain normal elimination. Careful weekly assessment will also aid in the early detection of cystitis and vaginitis and will lead to prompt treatment. Radiation also causes changes to occur in the vagina. External beam radiation and implants damage both the vaginal epithelium and the basal layer of the mucosa.