C. Convenience of Witnesses Defendants anticipate calling at trial witnesses who reside in the Memphis area and anticipate that subpoenas will be necessary to secure the presence of some of those witnesses. This fact militates in favor of a trial in Tennessee. Involuntary witnesses living in the Memphis area are subject to subpoena by the court in the Western District of Tennessee but could not be subpoenaed to come to the Northern District of California. Apparently, most of the witnesses will hale from the Memphis area. It will be more convenient to both voluntary and involuntary witnesses residing in the Memphis area to travel to the local courthouse, rather than travelling to a courthouse in San Francisco.
Plaintiffs intend to call California plaintiffs to testify and authenticate documents.
Moreover, plaintiffs have not stated that subpoenas will be necessary to secure the presence of California witnesses. The court finds that the convenience of witnesses strongly favors transfer of this action to the Western District of Tennessee. The location of evidence also compels a conclusion that the action should be transferred to the Western District of Tennessee. NSA's documents are kept in Memphis. Defendants state that numerous potentially relevant documents exist.