The wider the bar, the more available the nutrient. Iron, manganese, zinc, and copper are less available at high pH values. Phosphorus and boron are unavailable at both low pH and high pH. Soybeans and other bean crops are susceptible to micronutrient deficiencies. Here, soybeans are showing iron deficiencies called chlorosis on a calcareous soil. It is impractical to leach the free carbonates out of the soil, so the solution to this deficiency problem is not soil alteration.
Plants are adaptable to various pH ranges.
In some cases, where changing the pH would be unfeasible, it is better to find plants adapted to that pH. Your text gives a chart showing the pH tolerance range of a wide variety of plants. Broad leaf evergreens are noted for liking acid conditions. On the other end of the scale, alfalfa is one plant that likes a higher pH range.