When someone tells us something, when we see the news, when we read a book, we need to be critical. Just because something is said or written does not make it so. News reporting is always the best effort possible within deadlines. Interviews, documents, and observation may be behind a newspaper story. A historian may write the same story but waits until 30 years later and uses documents and testimony hidden at the time.
Novelists probe motivation and intent with their insight.
Our task is to understand the basis of the writing and assess it. Much of my own work in political science involves using documents written with a political or ideological intent - they mean to form and influence the opinions of others. There was a case of a Washington, D. C. reporter who won prizes for stories on some apsect of poor people. Later it turned out that the interviews were made up and never took place. The reporter was fired.