Find and treat nesting areas with less toxic substances. Physical removal also works. On many insect nests, a vacuum works. To kill the bugs put the vacuum bag in the freezer for a few days or in a black plastic bag in the sun. Bees can be killed in their nests with soapy water.
Most insects die in intense heat or cold.
Put wool in the freezer for a week to kill moths. Or put insect infested items in a sealed black plastic bag in the sun. When pesticides are necessary, baits that do not outgas would be the first choice. Human exposure can be easily minimized because it doesn't take much and, if applied when the fireants are actively feeding, is quickly carried underground. Health food store products tend to avoid some of the worst problems.