The moon is visible sometime during the day for most of the month, except near new moon, and right at full moon. This is a good short project for the whole class since you take the children outside for a little while. Start by explaining the phases of the moon and the position of the moon with respect to the sun for each phase. A diagram like the one below is in many science books. To observe the moon in the morning, you need to pick a day of the month when the moon's phase is close to third quarter.
Many regular calendars show the moon's phases, or see our web calendar .
At third quarter the moon will be leading the sun across the sky by ninety degrees, so in the morning when the sun is in the eastern part of the sky, the moon will be in the western part of the sky. The moon looks dim and weak during the daylight hours, and is sometimes hard to find in the endless blue sky at first. Once one person spots it and points, it is easy for the others to see it. Two or three days after third quarter, the moon will higher in the sky, closer to the sun, and a thinner crescent, more difficult to spot. Two or three days before third quarter will be in the waning gibbous phase, and lower in the sky further from the sun.