The usually straight backbone can become abnormally curved. In severe spinal osteoporosis, height loss can be as much as two to three inches. Structural changes in the chest wall can interfere with patients' breathing pattern. We can look at prevention and treatment. The former is clearly preferable and must be addressed.
Most researchers agree that adequate nutrition is of the upmost importance.
Almost certainly, children with CF now will be at less risk of osteoporosis than patients who are already adults. Today's paediatric population with CF get better nutrition, have a higher energy intake, a normal to high fat diet and effective pancreatic enzyme supplements. Calcium is the major mineral in the skeleton and adequate calcium intake is important if proper levels of peak bone density are to be achieved. Reduced calcium intake in childhood is linked with an increased risk of osteoporosis in adult life. Proper dietetic supervision is essential for general nutritional monitoring and to keep calcium intake above the average requirement.