Performance obtain the highest scores in class. They exhibit test-taking skills such as an ability to budget their time and to deal with text anxiety. They often volunteer thoughtful comments and ask interesting questions. They often do not budget their time well on exams and may not deal with test anxiety. They rarely say much during class discussion and their answers indicate a cursory understanding rather than mastery of material.
Preparation are always prepared for class.
They always respond when called on. Their attention to detail sometimes results in catching text or teacher errors. They may not have fully completed the assignment, have completed it in a careless manner, or hand in their assignments late. Retention learn concepts rather than memorize details so they are better able to connect past learning with present material. Since they usually cram for tests, they perform relatively better on short quizzes than on more comprehensive tests such as the final exam.