More glucose is released into the blood. Fat cells release fats into blood as alternative fuel. Muscle cells utilize fat as their primary fuel source, creating an abundance of its waste product, ketones. Ketone levels rise in the blood. They are acidic and change the acid-base chemical balance of the blood.
Lungs try to neutralize acid by the changing respiration rate and gas exchange.
Sodium, potassium and phosphorus shifts occur in cells. Kidneys excrete very large amounts of water, trying to rid the body of toxic ketones and excess glucose. Sodium, potassium and phosphorus are simultaneously excreted in urine, and become depleted. Ketoacidosis requires immediate, intensive medical care including insulin adminstration, rehydration and electrolyte repletion. Without prompt treatment, it can cause death.