This is particularly true in the case of HMOs, independent practice associations and preferred provider organizations, which are forming increasingly complex networks. For example, some HMOs are aligning with preferred provider organizations to attract greater numbers of enrollees. The goal of integrated delivery systems is to provide a continuum of care from the beginning to the end of patients lives. Continuum of care and disease management Continuum of care refers to providing a broad spectrum of healthcare services in order to meet the varying needs of patients at different stages of their lives. If a system working within a specified budget plans to provide comprehensive health services to a defined population for capitated fees, a continuum of care is critical.
Preventive care is an important component of a continuum of care.
To counteract this burden, healthcare services offered by integrated delivery systems and other managed care models emphasize disease prevention, screening programs and early detection. Many programs, such as Tufts Health Plan in Boston, also offer membership in health clubs at discounted rates to encourage patients to stay physically fit. Providers focus on all aspects of preventive care and balance issues of cost to the system now versus cost to the system later. Integrated delivery systems and some other managed healthcare models are also involved in disease management, a comprehensive approach to healthcare focusing on the total disease picture. It includes prevention, appropriate treatment according to clinical practice guidelines, analyzing treatment outcomes and refining clinical guidelines.