This can lead to severe disfigurement, decreased mobility, and long-term disability. Testicular hydrocele is a disfiguring enlargement of the scrotum. At least 120 million people in 73 countries worldwide are estimated to be infected with filariasis parasites. The most widespread is Wuchereria bancrofti , which affects about 100 million people in Africa, India, Southeast Asia, the Pacific islands, South America, and the Caribbean. The Brugia malayi and Brugia timori parasites affect about 12 million people in Southeast Asia.
Lymphatic filariasis is among the world's leading causes of permanent and long-term disability.
The number of infected persons is increasing worldwide, due in large part to unchecked urbanization in many areas where the parasite is common. There is no vaccine for filariasis. Prevention centers on mass treatment with anti-filariasis drugs to prevent ingestion of larvae by mosquitoes, public health action to control mosquitoes, and individual action to avoid mosquito bites. This is when mosquitoes are most active in their search for food. When outside, wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts.