The free Adobe Acrobat Reader allows you to view, navigate and print PDF files across many different platforms. State University Short article lists various pests and treatments, including insecticides, dosage, and precautions in usage. The groundsels are woody-stemmed, native, perennial plants that often cause livestock poisoning in winter and early spring. Poisoning of cattle and horses is reported most often, with sheep and goats being poisoned less frequently.
Poisoning is most common in late fall and winter.
Meat type goats such as the Pygmy and the Tennessee Stiffleg apparently have the ability to breed out of season. The same appears to be true for the Boer breed. Two factors playing an important role in the ability of goats to breed out of season are plane of nutrition and body condition. The grazing area consists of a total of 4.5 acres, divided into 9 plots measuring .5 acre each. Each forage species was seeded in 3 different plots, thus the experiment consists of 3 replications.