Government managers in health and social fields are concerned with the protection and promotion of health and social welfare for individuals and communities. Government managers in the field of economics are involved in areas such as taxation, labour markets, transportation, international trade and business development. Government managers in educational fields deal with elementary, high school, community college and university education. Other government public administration managers direct the operations of legislatures and other activities such as intergovernmental affairs and elections. Most of these managers require a bachelor's degree related to their work and may also need a graduate degree.
Many recent entrants have an undergraduate university degree.
They usually require several years' experience in their profession or have government experience in specific areas of policy development, research or program administration. Some managers in health and social policy may need a college diploma, rather than a university degree, in their field of work. Some managers in health policy and program administration may require certification in a health profession. For example, city medical officers of health must be physicians. Managers in educational policy and program administration must have provincial teaching certificates.