The camera allows the doctor to see the gallbladder on a television screen. The doctor removes the gallbladder through the holes. M back to top of page mastectomy - the removal of all or part of the breast. N back to top of page nephrectomy - surgical removal of the kidney. O back to top of page open surgery - cutting the skin and tissues during surgery to expose a full view of the structures and organs involved in the procedure.
Egg cells develop in the ovaries.
P back to top of page partial colectomy - the removal of part of the large intestine. Sometimes organs begin to adhere to the peritoneum, requiring surgery to free the organs again. Also called recovery room. Q back to top of page R back to top of page radical mastectomy - surgical removal of the entire breast, the pectoral muscles, and the ancillary lymph nodes. Required surgery may not have to be done immediately, like emergency surgery.