The clinical findings are nonspecific, and delays in diagnosis and surgical management are common.
Ovarian torsion can occur in normal or pathologically enlarged ovaries, fallopian tubes, or both.
It is usually unilateral. The cause of ovarian torsion is multifactorial. Torsion also is related to disease of the tube or the ovary, which may result from a tumor, trauma, or postsurgery. It is encountered more often in women who have had ovarian stimulation, which may be more common in Western culture. Delayed diagnosis usually results in oophorectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy.