The First Fundamental Policy Issue Pervasive, Deep, Technical Issues - Protect against a rougue country hiring authenticated bank employees to destroy a country's financial systems from the inside.
Most current approaches are very insecure.
Fundamental Changes Take Decades - A single infrastructure may have more than a million components. Education Is The Key Issue - Security requires that every engineer must be aware at every step. Thus, engineers must be trained. Properly trained software engineering graduates per year is approximately zero. Which Kind Of Loss - Important, not urgent, knowledgeable and prepared.