Intoxication from drugs such as alcohol, marijuana, amphetemines, and cocaine can confuse social communication. Signals can be missed, exaggerated, or misunderstood, leading to aggression or violence which could otherwise have been avoided. Alcohol and other drugs may be used to cope with the physical, emotional, or psychological pain of family violence. Any drug can trigger violent outbursts in someone who is already harbouring feelings of rage, or who is mentally unstable. A chaotic, claustrophobic, or threatening environment can trigger aggressive or even violent behaviour when someone is under the influence of certain drugs.
Many drugs can heighten or trigger a sense of anxiety and paranoia.
Others lower inhibitions and reduce self-control. Some produce a blinding, compulsive craving. When a person is under the influence of these drugs, he or she can easily overreact to perceived threats. The social and cultural environment influences how people use a drug, and how they relate to its effects. In some circles, masculinity is associated with hard drinking and macho displays of aggression.