Once in the bloodstream or lymphatic system, the cancer cells can travel and form new tumours in other parts of the body. While most cases are diagnosed in women over the age of 50, it can also affect younger women. Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of new cancer cases, and accounts for 4 percent of all cancers in women. An estimated one woman in 55 will develop ovarian cancer during her lifetime. An ovary is one of two small, almond-shaped organs located on each side of the uterus that produce female hormones and store eggs or germ cells.
Ovaries perform a number of important functions.
They are the main source of the female hormones, estrogen and progesterone. They also influence the development of breasts, body shape and body hair and regulate the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. While the exact causes of ovarian cancer remain unknown, certain factors have been isolated as possible causes. Women, whose close relatives have suffered from ovarian cancer, are more susceptible than others are. A family history of breast or colon cancer may also contribute to an increased risk of developing ovarian cancer.