Top of page Dynamic Modelling of Piezotransducers for Flexible Smart Structures by A. Yousefi-Koma and G. Vukovich New dynamic models of distributed shaped piezoelectric sensors and actuators in flwxural vibration of smart structures are developed in this paper. Two different approaches, i.e., energy method and equilibrium equations of shaped piezoactuators with a linear strain distribution assumption and a new concentrated induced force and moment model of peizoactuators is presented. Novel presentations of the output voltage and current of piezosensors with arbitrary shapes are also derived. The proposed models are checked with simple case models presented in the literature. An experimental set up is developed to evaluate the dynamic models.
Experimental results match quite well with the simulation of dynamic response.
Test data were obtained on various runway surface conditions to determine both the aircraft braking coefficient during full anti-skid braking runs, and the contamination drag acting on the aircraft, with no braking, for significant depths of contaminant, such as snow. The test results showed a good correlation between the aircraft braking coefficients and the runway friction index as measured by a ground vehicle. Based on these data, an aircraft performance model was developed, and used to determine landing distances on contaminated runways as a function of the Canadian Runway Friction Index and other aircraft approach parameters. Emphasis is placed on the presentation of the mean and r.m.s. velocity contours in the fountain formation region between the jets. The effects of jet velocity ratio, impingement height and jet spacing were investigated.