The gametangia are at the tips of gametophyte shoots. Flagellated sperm get to archegonium by raindrops, insects etc. Fertilize the egg inside the female archegonium. Archegonium secretes sucrose to attract the sperm. Diploid zygote starts growing inside archegonium, and sporophyte sticks out of top of moss shoot.
Mature sporophyte is brown, doesn t photosynthesize and depends on gametophyte for food.
Spore germinates into protonema, the beginning of the gametophyte. Sphagnum moss is used as soil conditioner because gametophyte cells hold water well. Body is flat lobes, like liver Phylum Hepaticophyta Gametophyte is dominant. Rhizoids anchor plant to soil Sexual reproduction has archegonia and antheridia on gametophytes, like mosses. Asexual reproduction uses gemmae , which are dispersed by rain or small animals.