Seedling establishment is the primary method of groundsel-tree regeneration. Detailed descriptions of groundsel-tree site requirements are lacking. It persists under a pine canopy and may reach carrying capacity in as little as 4 years. Self-thinning, graminoid competition, and heavy litter reduce seedling establishment and maintain a stable stem density. Disturbance and the creation of overstory gaps stimulate seed production.
Postfire colonization depends on proximity of a seed source and wind dispersal.
Allan, Philip F. 1950. Ecological bases for land use planning in Gulf Coast marshlands. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. North American terrestrial vegetation. Clewell, Andre F. 1985.