At this time parish priests were expected to teach reading and writing, often holding classes in their churches. Oxford University founded. 1194 First appointments of coroners. Magna Carta - protected against arbitrary taxation, asserted the freedom of the church, guaranteed the privileges of the City of London and of the boroughs, allowed freedom of movement, and declared that no free man would be arrested, imprisoned, deprived of his land, outlawed or exiled except by the judgment of his peers. The Charter was re-issued in 1217 and 1225.
Portions remain part of English law.
1223 Cambridge University established. Two representative knights of each county were summoned to a Council to consider what aid they would be willing to grant the King, who was at war in France. 1265 Chartered Boroughs instructed to send two burgesses to attend Parliament on January 20. This was the first Assembly of the Commons enabling commoners to take part in framing the laws of the country. Hundred Roll inquiry.