Precolonial Canawhay, Shawnee, Creek, and Cherokee Indians used the New River and the surrounding areas for migration, trade, and hunting. Later, European settlers used the land for farming, mining, and timber. Despite its status as one of the most undeveloped Appalachian rivers, the New River area has suffered from major clearing and cutting. At least 14 species of rare, threatened, or endangered plants grow in the New River valley, including rattlesnake root, Carolina saxifrage, Carey's saxifrage, spreading avens, and purple sedge. In fact, locals claim that the New River offers some of the best bass fishing in the state.
Most fishing is done by wading the shallow waters, as banks are either limited or privately owned.
A new 1.5-mile hiking trail connects with the nature trail and courses through surrounding woodlands with a segment paralleling the river. Both trails are accessible from the Wagoner Road Access parking lot, picnic area, and campground. To reach the Wagoner Road access, from Jefferson take NC 88 southeast and turn north on SR 1590. The access is located 8 miles southeast of Jefferson, and the park office is located just beyond the entry gate. Canoeing, hiking, camping, picnicking.