Both problems are mitigated by exercise. Tendons and ligaments are also strengthened by exercise, which helps to stabilize joints, which reduces risk of falls - a serious problem for the elderly. And, stronger joints enhance overall mobility, as well. Please note that there is no age beyond which exercise cannot be a benefit to one's well-being. A final note here is that exercise can also help to reduce back pain, among its myriad of physical benefits.
Exercise can help to improve posture, and poor posture can cause lower back pain.
It can also help sufferers of arthritis, and other musculoskeletal problems. There is some support for the idea that exercise enhances the immune system, in general. It may also reduce the risk of getting some cancers - breast and colorectal. It definitely helps prevent development of diabetes in adults, and improves digestion - it is a natural laxative. We have already mentioned its help in preventing falls, and if you end up in a hospital for surgery, the fitter you are, the better your chances of a successful recovery.