Some patients have eye inflammation, and more severe cases must be observed for heart valve involvement. Other disorders of the internal organs and bones mimic spondylarthropathies and must be distinguished. X-rays and bone scans may show characteristic changes. The severity of joint involvement and the degree of systemic symptoms vary greatly from one individual to another. Early, accurate diagnosis and therapy may minimize years of pain and disability.
Medical treatment consists of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications.
Indomethacin is most effective, while sulfasalazine may benefit those with more severe involvement. Peripheral joint arthritis may respond to methotrexate. Rehabilitation therapies are essential. Proper sleep and walking positions, coupled with abdominal and back exercises, help maintain posture. Exercises help maintain joint flexibility.