Other tests may include an ECG , or electrocardiogram, which measures the electrical activity in the heart. An ECG can often help diagnose heart conditions that may be causing shortness of breath. Other tests may be needed in some cases, such as special x-rays or breathing tests. Long-term effects are related to the cause. For example, shortness of breath due to exercise has no long-term effects and is usually encouraged.
Pneumonia treated with antibiotics often goes away and causes no long-term effects.
Shortness of breath due to lung cancer may result in death. Heart attacks and congestive heart failure may cause serious disability and limit a person's ability to perform normal activities. Most causes of shortness of breath are not contagious and pose no risk to others. But if the cause is an infection like pneumonia , it may be contagious. Treatment is directed at the cause.