The reviewer summarizes the actions taken in the collaborative session for a particular goal. Referencing is the job of providing facts and related material, whenever requested by a peer. Galliers presents a framework to represent conflicts and convincing in addition to many other collaborative processes. In this method, peers take roles as recaller and listener. They read a section of text, and then the recaller summarises the information while the listener corrects any errors, fills in any omitted material, and thinks of ways both students can remember the main ideas.
Explanations reinforce learning.
Thus, explaining or elaboration is found to be a catalyst for an effective collaborative learning process. She reports that constructive collaboration takes place only if the peers take appropriate roles. The design of a collaborative learning environment should also consider the number or group size of collaborating peers. Most of the experiments are conducted with small numbers of peers to reduce the complexity of deriving inferences. It is natural to assume that the number of peers is dependent on the requirement of the collaborative learning task.