Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid. Some pedons have a BC horizon or a C horizon above the 2C horizon. It is very gravelly sand, very gravelly loamy coarse sand, extremely gravelly coarse sand or extremely gravelly sand. Thin layers of sandy loam or loamy sand are in some pedons. Rock fragments range from 35 to 90 percent by volume.
Reaction is moderately acid through neutral.
These are the Birchbay , Lystair and Ragnar series. All of the soils except Birchbay are 0 to 35 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the particle-size control section. In addition, Birchbay soils have a perched water table in the lower part of the particle-size control section at times in winter and early spring. Birchbay and Ragnar soils are dry for more than 60 consecutive days. Winston soils are on outwash terraces and terrace escarpments at elevations of 150 to 1,900 feet.