Motion tracking is a very complex system to implement. The concept is simple, in that the system needs to follow a moving object and know its location at any given time. If you are looking at data describing the history of a moving object it's easy to track the object's motion by plotting out its trajectory, but when trying to work with a moving object in real-time, things become very complicated. First the system has to acquire the moving target, then be able to track the motion in real-time. If you want to use the system for defense systems, like in our case, the motion-tracking system has to be able to predict where the object will be from looking at its history of motion.
Motion tracking in real-time involves getting data about the situation as it happens.
One approach to doing this is by using cameras to generate video feed to the system. Processing the data to acquire a target involves using subtraction algorithms and motion vectors to distinguish the moving object from the background. The process of tracking and predicting the motion of the object involves using motion estimation algorithms with the data obtained about the situation in the previous few moments of time. Research and information about motion tracking and predicting is being generated as we speak. An accurate motion tracking system is a very valuable tool for many applications.