Its government is based on a modified parliamentary system consisting of a single-chamber legislative assembly of 47 members. Executive authority lies with the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The Prime Minister, elected by a majority vote of Parliament, selects his own Cabinet. This system, adopted on independence in 1978, accords with both Solomon Islands' experience and the Melanesian tradition of leadership based upon individual achievement and political consensus.
Political legitimacy rests on direct election by secret ballot.
There have been four general elections since independence, the most recent in June. The courts are independent and vigorously protect individual rights. A police force of about 500 men is under civilian control. There are no armed forces. Agriculture is the mainstay of the village economy.