Others maintain posts for job seekers with work integration problems. The lack of intermunicipal fabric is a handicap for Mulhouse, a city with a large share of the poor among its inhabitants, while the middle classes leave for the outer suburbs. It is fully responsible for these populations. Moreover, the suburban authorities which are better off have better business rates that encourage enterprise to settle in their areas. Community enterprises for integration are sometimes seen as competition by traditional businesses.
Much resistance has to be broken down to get their presence accepted.
An additional section to the Urban Ecology Charter is being drawn up. Since a communes joint authority for the Mulhouse conurbation has been formed, the Charter includes and will increasing include intermunicipal measures. Eventually, it will need to evolve towards the creation of a local Agenda 21. B. Duhamel, C. Emelianoff, L. H land, C. Menneghin and J. P. Pi chaud. This case study was published in Les villes fran aises pour le d veloppement durable.