The annual snowfall ranges from 10 to 30 inches. The frost-free season is normally 148 to 180 days. These are the competing Baxter , Dunmore , and Hagerstown soils and the Bolton , Clarksville , Duffield , Elliber , Endcav , Frankstown , Groseclose and Pisgah soils. Clarksville and Elliber soils have 35 percent or more rock fragments by volume in the particle-size control section. Frankstown and Groseclose soils have sola less than 60 inches thick.
Permeability is moderate and runoff is medium.
Most of these soils are cleared and cultivated. Crops are corn, small grain, hay, and apple orchards. Most of the steeper areas are in pasture or forest. Vegetation is largely hardwoods such as oak, hickory, maple, and yellow-poplar. The series is of large extent.