The motivation of many of these crimes is often family-related due to the prevalent social and economic conditions of poverty. Many women are charged as accessories to crimes committed by male relatives or companions often without the knowledge of the women. Many experts attribute the sharp rise in female incarceration rates to the advent of mandatory minimum sentences for drug law violations. Convictions on offenses for which defendants used to receive probation may now result in decades-long imprisonment or even life without the possibility of parole. Although a greater number of white women than women of color are arrested, black women are eight times more likely than white women to be sent to prison.
Mothers constitute more than eighty percent of the women in prison.
When mothers do time, their children do time with them. Nationwide an estimated half-million children are separated from their imprisoned mothers. The decades-long sentences, which are now common, can either entirely wipe out the reproductive lives of young female prisoners or prevent them from playing any role in the lives of their children as they grow from infancy to adulthood. Children of incarcerated mothers are more prone to become ensnared in the vicious cycle of musical-chairs foster care, juvenile detention centers, and, ultimately, prison. Conditions for women in prison are physically and psychologically brutal in ways particular to women's prisons.