The human body needs only tiny amounts of vitamins and minerals for normal development, yet micronutrient deficiency is a major cause of death and disability. Vitamin A deficiency is implicated in a substantial proportion of maternal and under-five deaths. Major supplement programs are in place to raise vitamin A status in the region. But in South Asia, only one child in four receives them. Iodine deficiency disorders are the world's leading cause of mental disability.
Iodized salt is the cost-effective solution.
But a billion Asians still lack sufficient iodine in their diets. In Bangladesh and Central Asia, palpable goiter is endemic. Anemia, a form of iron deficiency, is the most prevalent nutritional problem. In Asia, more than a billion people lack iron. In South Asia, nine out of 10 pregnant women are anemic and at higher risk of dying during pregnancy.