When plaque builds up on your gums, it causes the redness, inflammation and tenderness known as gingivitis. Gingivitis can usually be cleared up with careful brushing and flossing. As the simple inflammation develops into the advanced stage of gum disease called periodontitis, however, the gums become more infected and may pull back from your teeth. When the gums are weakened, the roots and bones supporting your teeth can be damaged beyond repair. Gum disease may affect more than just your dental health, as well.
Recent studies link periodontal disease with heart disease, hypertension and high cholesterol.
Though the specifics are unclear, some researchers suggest that the same bacteria causing infection in your gums can break loose and cause problems in other parts of your body. Traveling through the arteries, for example, bacteria from plaque may irritate tissue or collect and reduce blood flow. Build-up in veins and arteries can contribute to heart attacks and stroke. Though gum disease and tooth decay are common, some individuals are at a higher risk than others. By understanding risk factors and using simple preventive measures, you can keep your teeth in top form.