Agriculture, apart from improving the properties and fertility of soils, may in some cases cause degradation. The most dangerous are the processes of soil erosion. Admittedly, water and wind erosion are natural geomorphologic processes, yet the farming of land, mainly ploughing, visibly speeds up these processes. It affects mainly the mountains and mountainous terrain but also the highlands.
Moderate erosion tHReatens large areas of the lake districts.
Erosion of such degree of intensity does not cause overly large degradation of the soil and it can be limited by agrotechnical measures. On the other hand, terrain undergoing moderate and strong erosion should be cared for specially for example, by changing the utilization structure and cultivating across the hill-sides. Apart from surface water erosion, gully erosion sometimes occurs causing strong degradation of soils. The regions with varied surface features are most exposed to gully erosion. It affects the Eastern and Central Beskidy Mountains, Wyzyna Lubelska together with Roztocze, as well as the eastern and central part of the Pogorze Srodkowobeskidzkie, Niecka Nidzianska, eastern part of the Wyzyna Kielecko-Sandomierska and the southern part of Wyzyna Slaska.