During inclement weather they seek out the narrower, more protected stretches of the river. Occasionally, the river freezes, and the birds must roost in the fields adjacent to the river, huddled together for warmth and protection. They usually range within five miles of the river. The cornfields provide cranes with a source of energy , while meadows and alfalfa fields provide essential protiens and minerals. They also serve an important social function as loafing and courtship areas.
Pairs engage in elaborate bowing displays with outstretched wings and leap high into the air.
Often, a corncob or stick is picked up and thrown upward repeatedly. This behavior is believed to strengthen or establish new pair bonds. They do not attain sexual maturity until they are three or five years old. Their ground nest is built from nearby vegetation scraped in a small mound. Cranes lay two eggs, although it is rare for both young cranes to survive the 10 weeks to flight stage.