The pyramids also shared the next two levels in which Cazenave placed small, local groups such as gangs, and larger, formal groups such as certain white supremacist or black separatist organizations. The bigotry pyramid stopped at the third level, however, while the white racism pyramid climbed higher. It was topped by bias in institutions and in society at large. At those levels, bias may be expressed through discrimination in employment, housing or law enforcement, or in societal norms. Regardless of how one feels about such issues, the basic difference between personal bigotry and white racism is that the latter may be protected by society.
Racism is a doctrine of the congenital inferiority and worthlessness of a people.
During his introductory lecture, Cazenave issued a pointed disclaimer. This is not a guilt course. This is not a course in individuals. This is about social structure. If I was in Nigeria or if I was in Japan I might be saying something different.