Their usual top down perspective often minimizes the role of customers, front-line managers and employees without management responsibilities. They fail to capture the informal structure and informal communication. They often imply that a pyramidal structure is the best or only way to organize. They fail to address the potential power and authority of staff positions compared with line positions. Delegation of Authority Authority is legitimized power.
Power is the ability to influence others.
Delegation is distribution of authority. Delegation frees the manager from the tyranny of urgency. Delegation frees the manager to use his or her time on high priority activities. Note that delegation of authority does not free the manager from accountability for the actions and decisions of subordinates. Exception principle - Someone must be in charge.