Young children are at the greatest risk of developing pulmonary toxicity. Chronic exposure to lower levels of mercury vapor causes effects to the central nervous system. Symptoms of chronic poisoning vary, but may include tremors, psychological changes, insomnia, loss of appetite, irritability, headache and short-term memory loss. Direct contact with the skin can lead to dermatitis. Its symptoms include severe leg cramps, irritability and painful pink fingers with peeling hands.
Few children exposed to mercury develop acrodynia.
If elemental mercury exposure is suspected, several tests will show the amount of mercury in the body. If an acute exposure to mercury has occurred, a blood analysis will show mercury levels if performed within three days after the exposure. If a 24-hour specimen is not possible, the first morning void is the best substitute. For acute inhalation of mercury vapor, supportive care should be given to relieve and monitor pulmonary symptoms such as edema and pneumonitis. Ingestion of small amounts of mercury, such as the amount found in a thermometer, does not typically require treatment.