Among fungus , the most prejudicial are the peronsspora and the oidio, which presence is easily preventable using copper and sulfur dust in the adequate amount and moment. Both products are famous around the world because of their very low toxicity being allowed in the production of organic wine. Other way to protect the plant against fungus is through organic compounds, which are extracted from other cultivated plants and herbs. They do not leave any toxic residue and are very safe for human and animal health . A third alarm system is through mathematics models, where a computer system reads the whether data and predict the infection.
Nematodes are very small organisms that live in the wine plant' root.
They are present around the world in a wide variety of plantations. They are not easily detectable because of their size, they spread rapidly and their reproduction is fast and difficult to stop. To combat them, the very first measure is the prevention and early control. Other way to control the nematodes is through hit. The hit can be applied to the ground or to the vegetal material, as in the ground solarization.