A sleep log is kept for about two weeks, and the average amount of sleep time is calculated. A consistent wake up time is established, and a bedtime is determined, which gives the same amount of sleep time as noted in the sleep log. This approach results in shorter onset of sleep, fewer awakenings during nighttime sleep and better sleep quality established over time. Gradually, a positive association with bedtime and sleep replaces the frustration, which is usually present at bedtime, when one deals with chronic insomnia. Once the ability to fall asleep improves, the time available for sleep is slowly increased by 15 minutes over a regular period of time until the desired amount of sleep is obtained.
Many sedative medications are available for short-term or occasional insomnia.
These medicines have not been tested for continued effectiveness, when used regularly for more than a few weeks. A recent study in 1999 identified that an eight week behavior modification program resulted in significant improvement in the amount of time asleep while in bed. The benefits continued over the next two years. The study supported that there was no significant benefit gained from the addition of a sleep medication. The role for medications for chronic insomnia is not clearly defined at present.