Use of such life expectancy tables ensures stability of the actuarial data for comparison purposes. Life expectancy data within each period were interpolated to generate the life expectancy for each umpire. The mean differences between death age and predicted death age were analyzed in several ways. Deceased-umpire data analysis. Predicted death age is the life expectancy for each umpire at time of debut.
Mean difference is calculated by subtracting the predicted death age from the mean death age.
Those umpires who constitute the only unbiased sample are those for whom the entire cohort has already died. Mean difference is calculated by subtracting mean predicted death age from death age. Other abbreviations are the same as in Table 1. The set of umpires with at least one living cohort member, the next oldest group, was subjected to analysis. This analysis shows no significant difference from the life expectancy tables.