Other important crops are citrus fruits, rice, cotton, corn, sorghum, pineapples, and tobacco. Cattle, another major export, and goats are raised in large numbers. The Swazi engage primarily in subsistence farming on communally owned land that is allocated by chiefs. The pine and eucalyptus forests of the high veld yield timber and wood pulp. The country has several nature reserves, and tourism is being developed.
Industry consists chiefly of food processing and the manufacture of light consumer goods.
Many Swazis are employed in South Africa's mines and industries. Railroads connect with ports in South Africa, the country's main trading partner, and with Mozambique. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community. The ancestors of the Swazi probably moved into the Mozambique area from the north prior to the 16th cent. Fleeing Zulu attacks in the early 19th cent.