The refinement of catalytic conversion in energy efficient combustion. The energy efficiency of the combustion engine is also being enhanced by technical methods. Efficient power-takeoff devices. Traditional vacuum-motors are efficient. However, utilization of natural energy gradients can produce highly economic vacuum production.
Early experiments indicate efficient solutions are possible.
Novel energy sources and storage application. Thermal clothing and foot-ware development. Arctic northern clothing is only efficient when the wearer is actively producing body heat. Northern foot-ware is notoriously good for only short periods as the materials cool to ambient air temperatures. In both cases, passive and active heating may enhance comfort.