The manual, which can be used in training courses or for self-instruction, is designed for young health scientists who are getting started in research and need to understand the basic steps in research design. The core of the manual consists of eleven training modules, moving from an explanation of the basic principles of the scientific method, through advice on the design of epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies, to chapters dealing with bias and confounding, the measurement of reliability, significance tests, and the establishment of causation. K.L. White edited by J. Frenk, C. Ord ez, J.M. Paganini, and B. Starfield PAHO Scientific Publication, No. A collection of 100 articles, dating from 1914 to 1991, illustrating key developments in the field of health services research, particularly in the Americas. Contributions come from the areas of clinical epidemiology, technology assessment, clinical decision analysis, operations research, health economics, medical sociology, and medical anthropology.
Extensive indexing makes it possible to locate articles by year of publication, topic, and author.
Under each heading, articles are further grouped according to their concern with theoretical and conceptual developments, methods of research, or implications for health policies. Specific topics range from a study of unnecessary hysterectomies during 1948, to the question of whether free medical care improves adult health, from gaps in doctor-patient communication, to methods for assessing clinical judgement, calculating the economic effects of disease, and measuring the quality of clinical care. 5.60 Order no. Explores the ways in which research and information systems can contribute to the more effective planning, training, and management of human resources for health. In view of the continuing search for ways to make health personnel development more relevant to community needs, the book takes a problem-oriented approach, concentrating on what can be done to improve the decisions that guide personnel development.