Because of root suckers, provides high quality cover for numerous species of birds and animals. Little value for fruit or browse. Highly important as wildlife cover and food. The thorny, suckering growth when protected forms a thicket valuable for bird nesting, loafing, and roosting, and animal loafing and bedding. Twigs and foliage provide a highly preferred browse for whitetail and mule deer.
Foxes are chief consumers of fruit.
Prefers moist, sunny, open areas, but will grow in dry locations. Important fall and winter food for songbirds, woodpeckers, and deer, and emergency winter food for game birds. Fruit and buds are staple food for sharp-tailed grouse. A good source of vitamin A. Bark and twigs eaten by rabbits, rodents, and deer. Provides high quality roosting and loafing cover for many bird species and is a preferred nest site for many thicket-nesting birds.