Even those who remain alive on earth until the rapture will experience this judgment as they pass from the earthly realm to the heavenly. Many Bible commentators use the analogy that the bema is the evaluation of athletes in competition passing the judges' reviewing stand in order to win the rewards appropriate to how well they have run the race. So run that you may obtain it.
Every athlete exercises self-control in all things.
They do it to receive a perishable wreath, but we an imperishable. John's Gospel, and Romans 8, promise that Christians have passed out from under all condemnation and will not fail to pass the test of the Judgment Seat of the Christ. Let each man take care how he builds upon it. For no other foundation can any one lay than that which is laid, which is Christ Jesus. If the work which any man has built on the foundation survives, he will receive a reward.