Identify whether the pairs of molecules listed are the same, constitutional isomers, enantiomers, or diastereomers. Predict the major and minor products of the following reaction and draw a detailed mechanism to account for the formation of each of these molecules. Provide a stepwise mechanism for the following transformation. Propose a reasonable synthesis of the following molecules starting with compounds containing five carbons or less. Show all steps and reagents in your syntheses as well as your retrosynthetic analyses.
Enzymes catalyze the breakdown of proteins by facilitating the hydrolysis of amide bonds.
An example is shown below. Add curved arrows to explain the transformation from amide to carboxylic acid and amine. The following four bromides are very important synthetic building blocks. Fill in the missing reagents in the following flowchart. Fill in the blanks in the following scheme.