Acid rich air from many miles away has wrought havoc on poorly buffered Adirondack lakes. Efforts to deflect invasions before they breach the park's borders may not only contribute to controlling invasive species within the park they may be crucial. Finally, it is worth remembering the words of the Greek philosopher Heraclitus, that the only constant is change. There is no question that the Adirondack State Park of 2100 will be a different place than it is today. The question is the rate of change.
Disturbance tends to increase invasion rates and frequencies.
Ecosystems weakened by disturbance are overwhelmed by high invasion rates and frequencies. Control requires both management and understanding. The former is accomplished by developing effective and far-reaching policies. The latter is accomplished by scientific research. What we will accomplish will be to turn over management of biological invasions to the park's ecosystems.