Others actively adhere to the pellicle by interacting with it. This interaction is determined by specific surface characteristics found on bacterial cell surfaces. Oral bacteria vary significantly in their ability to interact with the pellicle due to variations in their cell surface coatings. A group of protein molecules called adhesions located on the bacterial cell surfaces recognize and link to the pellicle glycoproteins promoting attachment of specific bacteria with the initial colonization of the pellicle, plaque is formed. This initially formed plaque is known as immature plaque.
Immature plaque is generally lighter in color, less adherent and less potentially pathogenic.
As plaque matures it increases in mass and thickness. Its microbiologic composition also changes. Mature plaque is potentially more pathogenic. These are conditions that favor plaque accumulation and hinder plaque removal by the patient and the dental professional. It is important that the patient be adequately educated in the cause and progression of periodontal diseases.