Reduce movement of land-applied manure. Incorporate hog manure by injection or tillage during or immediately after application. This reduces the risk of manure runoff, minimizes odour and maximizes nutrient recovery by reducing ammonia losses. To further reduce the risk of manure runoff reaching water bodies, maintain a vegetated buffer zone between water bodies and the area where manure is applied. Also, do not apply manure on frozen, saturated or compacted soils and steep slopes where erosion or surface runoff is likely to occur.
Manure spills and over-application of manure on land are sources of water pollution.
Ensure proper construction of lagoons. Store manure in earthen lagoons. In areas with sandy, coarse-textured soils, seal earthen lagoons with compacted clay or plastic liners to prevent leaching to ground water. Ensure proper location of lagoons. Maximize the distance from manure lagoons to ground water wells and surface waters.