It is usually found in a double-stranded form. It contains an extra hydroxyl group on its sugar base. It contains four different bases. DNA polymerase falls off the template DNA every ten nucleotides. DNA polymerase removes the last few nucleotides synthesized whenever it stops.
Enhancers can bind long distances from the start site of transcription.
The transcriptional machinery requires a complex of general transcription factors. Each gene contains its own regulatory sequences. The polymerases must deal with chromatin structure. All codons specify more than one amino acid. The genetic code is redundant.