This fosters the growth of rich forests in the region. Over the years, the Elburz Mountains have kept the inhabitants of the Gilan province relatively protected from invaders. Those groups who have succeeded in invading the province have only ruled from afar. Ultimately, the Gilan province was returned to Iran in a peace treaty in 1921. The basis of the Gilaki economy is agriculture.
Farmers usually grow rice, tea, and tobacco.
Silkworms are also raised in this province. In the 1970's, major agricultural movements were encouraged by the influx of large investments, which were made as a result of the oil boom. Agricultural businesses were introduced, including large rice industries. The city of Rasht is located in the center of this agriculturally dominated area. It has become a commercial, distribution, and manufacturing hub for the region, producing silk, soap, and glass.