This in turn will activate increased arteriolar contraction, which will reduce blood pressure back to the normal level. Each of these will dilate local blood vessels, increasing local blood flow and thereby delivering extra oxygen and removing CO 2 . . Elevated local temperature will dilate blood vessels leading to increased local blood flow. Local inflammation will release histamine into the tissue. This is a potent vasodilator.
Endothelial cells can release NO to dilate local blood vessels or endothelin to constrict vessels.
This is mediated by the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system. It binds to alpha adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle to induce contraction. Parasympathetic control of vascular beds is uncommon. Recall from above that blood flow through any given vascular bed can be increased as a result of sympathetic constriction of other beds. Endocrine system Sympathetic stimulation releases adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal medulla.