Development of statistical mechanics and ensemble approach to equilibrium statistical thermodynamics. Teaches basics of physical and geometrical optics and atomic physics in detail to understand the design, operation, and application of lasers. Topics include matrix methods in ray optics, gaussian beams, cavity design, rate equation models of laser gain media, pulsed and CW lasers, different types of lasers, and nonlinear optics. Applications to communications, optical computing, and image processing are discussed. Lecture reviews the quantum theory of atoms and molecules, including solutions to the Schroedinger equation, spectroscopic notation, transition rates, and selection rules.
Laboratory examines a variety of light sources, with increasing resolution.
Zeeman, fine structure, and hyperfine structure, in particular, are considered. Emphasis on laboratory investigation. Topics include multipole fields, electromagnetic field equations, electromagnetic waves, reflection and refraction, radiating systems, classical electron theory, spherical waves, interference phenomena, and diffraction theory. Includes laboratory experience with discrete devices, integrated circuits, and transducers, and their application to measurements in research situations. Individual students research, give oral presentations, and lead discussions on an aspect of the semester's theme.