Clayton wrestles intelligently with the dilemma of politici- zation. He understands the word at various levels of meaning. He may give a bit too much attention to scandals, but this may be due to his concern with documenting change, and scandals have been important historically. In his defense, given the lack of research on the Justice Department, there are few places to turn for more sophisticated understandings, but it does make his analysis more suspect. Chapter 4 begins a discussion of separation of powers.
Issues surrounding separation of powers play a prominent role throughout the remainder of the book.
Not only did attorneys general become more partisan advocates, but the courts worked in tandem with the President. For the Roose- velt era, it meant the courts stayed out of the way. For Truman, Johnson and Kennedy, it meant that Courts helped Presidents achieve their policy goals despite a recalcitrant Congress. The example used is civil rights. Other examples might suggest a different story.