More on Catastrophism Many kinds of plants and animals have remained essentially unchanged throughout history. Algae, jellyfish, ferns, cockroaches, crocodiles are essentially unchanged. Difficult to reconcile with evolution. Suggests that all forms began at same time. Evolution requires that new life forms arise from mutations.
Higher order comes from new combinations of old genetic material.
It is observed that the overwhelming majority of mutations are not beneficial but harmful. Mutations do not do the job evolution requires. Evolution teaches that new organs developed gradually over a period of time. They developed because the new organs made them better able to deal with environment. But must have started with something.