Your computer converts the binary number to a digital signal. Figure shows what the digital signal for 1011001001101 looks like. The digital signal travels through the networking media to the destination. The destination happens to be near an electrical outlet that is fed by both long neutral and long ground wires. These wires act as possible antennas for electrical noise.
Figure shows what electrical noise looks like.
Because the destination computer's chassis is used for both the earth ground and the signal reference ground, the noise generated interferes with the digital signal that the computer receives. Figure shows what happens to the signal when it is combined with this electrical noise. Unlike Copper wire, optical and wireless systems experience some of these forms of noise but are immune to others. The focus here has been on noise in copper-based wiring systems. The problem of NEXT can be addressed by termination technology, strict adherence to standard termination procedures, and the use of quality twisted pair cables.