The normal lense is 50 mm. This means you are basically taking a photo as your eyes are seeing things. I wanted photos of my llamas grazing far up on my hillside with blurred backgrounds, so my very first lens was an excellent auto focus, telephoto, zoom lense which focused out 200 to 400 mm. What a joy it is to use. I could get WAY BACK and take close ups of my animals or eagles nesting atop the trees.
Lighting is one of the most important variables in photography.
Some experts recommend taking photos on overcast days, because it avoids problems of shadows and helps to maintain texture and other details. I particularly like the sunlight of early morning and late evening for photographing people or animals. I like to play with the various effects natural light has on a subject. It's very important when shooting into light to use a flash on the subject. Otherwise, part of the photograph will be very dark and you will lose all detail.