Because of declining populations and loss of habitat, all are protected by the Endangered Species Act. Kate Bartlett and Dr. Craig Harms draw a blood sample from a young loggerhead sea turtle. Ms. Bartlett and Dr. Harms are performing a study to determine the correct dosage of fluconazole, a drug used to treat fungal pneumonia and shell infections in marine turtles. Fluconazole is used in a number of species, including humans, and studies have been done to find effective doses for reptiles, like alligators. But a true dosage has not been found, nor has a study been done, for sea turtles.
Fungal pneumonia is a frequent malady of cold-stunned turtles.
Cold-stunning occurs when turtles remain in an area too late in the year and are caught by cold weather. Like humans, but unlike fish, sea turtles breathe using lungs. This makes them vulnerable to respiratory ailments, and fungal pneumonia is a common problem. Although fluconazole is an effective antifungal drug, an appropriate dosage for marine turtles remains in question. There aren't too many antifungal drugs available, and of those that are, several are given orally.