There are some risks to screening such as misdiagnosis, stigmatization, diminished self-esteem, and possible discrimination. When parents find out that their newborn has sickle cell anemia, the first step is to identify an appropriate health care provider before the onset of symptoms. Penicillin prophylaxis is started before the age of four months. Routine immunizations as well as Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine at 18 months and 2 years and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine at 2 years are given Growth and development is monitored Periodic physical examinations are done along with whatever laboratory and radiographic tests are indicated. There is education of parents on symptoms and serious complications.
Genetic counseling is provided.
Advice on health care management is provided. Others who are going through the same problems in the health care provider system or through the sickle cell network are identified. Advice to blood banking expertise is provided. Access to emergency and inpatient pediatric services is provided. Supportive counseling is also provided.