Although the conditions of detention are horrific, imprisoned individuals are lucky to have escaped more brutal punishment. In China, the death penalty is used extensively for at least 68 offences. Many of these ''crimes'' are non-violent, and include such offences as theft and drug trafficking. In 1997, the number of executions in China reached the highest level in 13 years. Actual figures are believed to be much higher.
Executions occur in China with greater frequency than in all other countries of the world combined.
Despite their ''official'' status, the practice of these religions is severely restricted. Frequently, Chinese officials ban the publication of religious materials and conduct crackdowns on unregistered churches and religious gatherings. Xu Yongze, the leader of an unapproved Christian group, was detained in 1998 with seven of his followers and sentenced to ten years for disturbing public order. Even individuals involved in a sanctioned religion are not free from persecution. The suppression of religious and cultural freedom by Chinese officials is exemplified in Tibet.