Faculty perceive that they have very little time available for undertaking intensive linking activities. Limited institutional resources limit professional development and workplace placement opportunities for faculty. Institutions do not formally reward linking behaviors and faculty receive little support from their colleges, with the exception of vocational faculty in career assistance activities. Faculty in multi-campus districts have lower levels of connectivity, other things being equal. Strong boundaries exist between academic and vocational departments, and between credit and non-credit programs, in most colleges, limiting collaboration and information sharing.
Local conditions affect the opportunities for faculty to build linkages.