In the west and along the coasts are savannas, plains, and scattered trees. Most Jamaicans live on the coastal plains. The climate is tropical, with temperatures higher along the coasts and cooler in the mountains. Rainfall, too, varies with region. Most of the country experiences severe fluctuations of drought and flood.
Little rain falls on the hot, dry southern and southwestern plains.
For centuries Jamaicans have exploited their island for mahogany and other cabinet woods, leaving little of the natural rain forest still standing. Erosion of the hill slopes is one serious consequence of this exploitation. But there is still a rich flora of native orchids and ferns. Throughout the year the many species of tropical and subtropical plants produce a changing spectacle of colors. Among the plants are the vivid red poinciana, the yellow poui, and the blue lignum vitae, which is Jamaica's national tree.