Also, many small water systems lack the data and expertise required to develop an effective drought contingency plan. Most drought contingency plans have three to five drought response stages. Many communities report a high degree of compliance with both voluntary and mandatory measures. Several of those surveyed reported water use reductions of 10-15 percent as a result of appeals for voluntary conservation. Under mandatory restrictions, several communities reported water use reductions in the 15 to 25 percent range.
Fines are the most common means of enforcing mandatory water use restrictions.
However, drought surcharges and other methods of managing water demand through pricing signals should be considered. Many communities report having implemented significant improvements to their water supply systems following drought. This is apparently a reflection of increased public support for investments in water supply infrastructure during the period immediately following a drought. As indicated previously, these rules are expected to be adopted by the end of 1998. The key elements of the proposed rules, as they apply to community water systems, are summarized below.