Cannot have all true premises and a false conclusion. A bad deductive argument. Capable of having true premises and a false conclusion. A bad inductive argument. The logical skeleton.
Formal logic is the study of logical form.
The literal, descriptive meaning. The information content, or data. If emotive meaning dominates, and there is no correct reasoning, you have emotional manipulation. It gets people fired up, but does not always change many minds. Emotive meaning can pass off value judgments to an audience without giving any supporting reasons.