Also, they are also bringing new clues to help understand the first living creatures on this planet, and how they might have lived. First I have to define extremophile, it is a microorganism that can live at extreme temperatures and conditions. They are unable to function in anything less. Thermophiles are heat-loving microbes. Halophiles live in intensely salty lakes and pools.
Enzymes are catalysts, they speed up chemical reaction without changing themselves.
Archaea have no nucleus and resemble bacteria, but they also have genes that are found in eukarytic cells. Some extremophiles have been studied for the past 40 years. But scientists are now finding several new species that are helping industries with some once thought, unavoidable problems. The scientist are particularly interested in the enzymes inside the microbes. Usually enzymes stop working at extreme conditions, but theses new ones are special because they can be heated and cooled and reheated again and still function.