Infected areas of field appear white or bleached plants contain empty heads and appear stunted.
Extensive root rot occurs.
Hyphopodia are formed on runner hyphae. Resulting damage restricts nutrient and water flow. Most infection occurs from mycelia in debris. All Decline occurs after four years continuous cropping, suppression of the pathogen is due to buildup of soilborne Pseudomonas bacteria. Much research has been conducted to develop biological controls from this observation.