Every person born or naturalized is a citizen, regardless of race.
Every male citizen can vote.
Plessy vs. Ferguson. The decision marked the end of the post-Civil War reconstruction era as Jim Crow laws spread across the South, blocking African Americans from voting, sharing public facilities, schools, etc. Segregation would soon come to apply to immigration laws as well, as laws blocking Asian immigration, naturalization, or property-holding would go into effect in the 1910s and 1920s. Roosevelt's signing of this order was a direct result of efforts by Black trade union leader, A. Philip Randolph. Brown v. Board of Education.