Despite documented impact on world health, preventive measures and treatment are currently hindered by the lack of understanding of the mode of transmission of H. pylori between individuals. Investigators at IU School of Dentistry, Dr. Michael Kowolik and Dr. Sherie Dowsett have designed a model to provide additional insight as to routes of H. pylori transmission. Further studies are planned to confirm or refute the importance of any relationship between oral and gastric indications by demonstrating identical or closely-related strains in both sites. They have also identified H. pylori beneath the fingernail in a high proportion of subjects, warranting further investigation of potential routes of transmission. Successful identification of the role of the oral cavity and hand would help direct more effective diagnosis and treatment, particularly in developing countries where the prevalence of infection is greatest.
IUSD investigators have an identified population in Central America.
This population is known to have a high prevalence of infection by H. pylori, as determined by serology, as well as high detection rate of oral H. pylori. Combining the IUSD model and its ideal study site, these studies could contribute significantly in a better understanding of diagnostic capabilities, disease transmission and eradication. The model could also be adapted as new technologies become available and used to test alternative therapies in other populations, as antibiotic resistance of H. pylori becomes more evident. SA Dowsett, L Archila, VA Sagreto, CR Gonzalez, A Silva, KA Vastola, RD Bartezik and MJ Kowolik. Further information, research proposal and budget available upon request.