The satellite uses on-board boosters to position the satellite in the proper orbit and at the proper viewing angle. This scienticfic phenomena is based on orbital mechanics. Newton's laws of Motion tells use that an objeect in motion will stay in motion. When a satellite is launched it would continue in a straight line. except that an outside force is action upon it. This outside force is called gravity.
Gravity pulls the satellite toward the center of the Earth.
With the satellite traveling at the correct speed and distance, gravity will pull the satellite in such a way thaty it's path is circle or orbit. The role of satellites in climate research has expanded greatly since the early 1960s when cloud pictures were essntially the only useful product. Further, satellites are providing useful information from other spectral bands besides the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands. For example, the microwave band is used to study the precipitable water and liquid water content of the atmosphere over the oceans, wind dtresses at the ocean surface, the distribution and extent of sea ice, the hight of sea levels, the distribution of polutants,etc. Another example is the determination of the nature and concentration of aerosols, e.g., sulfuric acid from volcanic eruptions and dust in the atmosphere using backscattered ultraviolet radiation.