Skin wounds must be covered and kept clean to promote healing. Elevated blood glucose levels can also make dental problems worse. As in the blood, high levels of sugar are present in the saliva and this contributes to plaque buildup and gum disease. In addition, damaged blood vessels in the teeth and gums may inhibit normal blood flow, leaving these structures especially prone to infection. Thus, patients should tell their dentists that they have diabetes, practice regular and thorough tooth and gum care, schedule a dental checkup every six months and report any tooth or mouth problems immediately.
Foot care is perhaps the most important concern for people with diabetes.
Poor circulation and poor healing caused by diabetes can cause serious problems for the feet, where sores and ulcers can go unnoticed due to nerve damage and subsequent loss of sensation. If unattended, a foot injury can become infected and lead to extensive tissue damage. In certain cases, this may lead to amputation. Regular checkups with a foot specialist, called a podiatrist, can help keep feet healthy. In addition, members of your diabetes care team should inspect your feet and check their circulation every time you visit.