One or more batteries, one bulb and some wires. The electric current in the same everywhere in the circuit. The batteries create a voltage across the bulb that drives the electric current through the bulb. We can find the resistance of the bulb by applying ohms law to the bulb. The bulb has resistance but its resistance changes with the current that flows through the bulb.
Higher currents cause the filament of the bulb to get hotter and to emit more light.
The hotter tungsten filament causes the tungsten atoms to vibrate more violently. Electrons moving through the wire collide with the tungsten atoms more often when the tungsten atoms are moving. This makes hotter wires have higher resistance. Electric meters often have internal fuses which protect them. If too much current flows through the meter you will blow the fuse and the meter will stop working.