Deductive moves from general premises to specific conclusions. Inductive moves from specifice premises to general conclusions. The two need not be mutually exclusive but dialectical, meaning in conversation. Formal and Informal fallacies. Formal fallacies occur when there is a defect in the construction of the argument.
Informal fallacies occur when the argument is persuasive but illogical.
Attacking the arguer rather than the argument. Moving from is to ought.