Holographic processing is similar to human vision. Holograms are three-dimensional images and regenerate light waves and may solve AI vision recognition problems since it exhibits associative abilities like the human mind. Genetic programming mimics natural selection to evolve strategies for solving complicated problems. These are ambitious notions but Hogan includes them in his book to show how far AI has come. However, his optimism towards building a machine that thinks like a human is evident throughout the book.
Hogan also focuses on the failures to predict the future of technology.
This failing has only encouraged more contention among the AI community. Hogan's hopefulness of AI research seems to mirror that of today's progressive thinkers such as Doug Lenat and Vernor Vinge. Lenat, once an AI pessimist, discovered in his CYC project that stringing together semantic concepts and forming associations will lead to the development of language comprehension in the same way a human infant acquires it. Conversely, Hogan enumerates the pessimism, which shrouds a contingent of the AI community. The fact that intelligent machines are possible raises many concerns.