The contributions in a paper may be many and varied. Ideas, software, experimental techniques, and area survey are a few key possibilities. As you read or skim a paper, you should actively attempt to answer the above questions. Presumably, the introduction should provide motivation. The introduction and conclusion may discuss the solutions and evaluation at a high level.
Future work is likely in the concluding part of the paper.
The details of the solution and the evaluation should be in the body of the paper. You may find it productive to try to answer each question in turn, writing your answer down. I recommend that you keep a notebook on all the papers you read. You should use my standard one-page form that you can fill out for each paper. In practice, you are not done reading a paper until you can answer all the questions.