Positive Generates attention in regard to specific, deeply rooted problems. Creates an interest on the part of US trading partners in multilateral trade order, if only to curb US power. Thus the means of anti-international law may serve the end of promoting international law. Negative As Burtless et.al. If it doesn't work, then it might actually encourage new protectionism.
Japan now knows it can say no.
So do others. The new WTO seems to have some elements of success as a forum for trade liberalization, including information technology and banking and financial services. Use the WTO to enforce fair trade. Especially in regard to concerns about the trading practices of partners, the US would seek redress through the WTO and in particular its new dispute settlement procedures. There is the issue of the responsibility of American leadership.