Mutation can be done by adding a random value to the gene or multiplying the gene with a number close to one. After starting the process, it does not require any intervention of the user. Simulierte Evolution mit Mathematica . Dpunkt Verlag, 1997. Inverse problem means that we try to evolve Lindenmayer grammars to describe fractal images.
Genetic algorithm is used to evolve the rewriting rules of the system.
They contain an initial axiom and one or more rules. Principia Evolvica - Simulierte Evolution mit Mathematica Dpunkt Verlag , 1997. Principia Evolvica - Simulierte Evolution mit Mathematica . Regarding analytical strategies, there already exist quite sophisticated and elaborated strategies for specific negotiation problems. Simulierte Evolution mit Mathematica .