The pain originates from inflammation of the synovial membrane within the capsular ligament, which surrounds the facet joint. Common conditions to result include low back pain, hip and leg pain, sciatica, neck pain and headaches including migraine headaches, shoulder and arm pain, some types of chest pains etc. There is some empirical evidence to suggest that involvement of the Autonomic Nervous System may result in certain visceral conditions but this has not yet been scientifically established. Painful stimuli may be of localized or diffuse nature, and may be dull or sharp. Patient scope extends from the first weeks of life, throughout the developmental and formative years.
Geriatric patients benefit from gentle manipulation and mobilization of the spine and extremities.
Biomechanical correction of the spinal and extremity joints improves and enhances performance and prevents injuries. Philip R. Lee, M.D., HHS assistant secretary for health and director of the Public Health Service states that up to 80 percent of Americans will have had a low back problem of some type at least once by age 50, and the condition is the most frequent cause of temporary disability for persons under age 45. He also states that low back problems are second only to the common cold in reasons for visiting family or other primary care doctors. This leads to a significant reduction in direct and indirect costs. It also found that no other health professional was as well qualified to carry out a diagnosis for spinal dysfunction or to perform manipulative therapy as effectively.