Quadrupedal, although feeding is usually done while sitting. Sleep on cliffs. Grass, seeds, tubers, bulbs, fruit, insects. Frequent play among juveniles. Complex social relationships among various levels of social hierarchy.
Herds probably serve predator avoidance function.
Females sexually mature at 4-5 yrs. Moderate estrus swellings, including chest and neck. Infants carried by females for 8 mo. Weaning at 1 yr. Complex social interactions, estrus swellings, coalitions, large goups, complex kinship.