Amblyopia can be corrected only if treated during infancy or early childhood. The American Academy of Ophthalmology reccomends that all children should undergo an evaluation to detect eye and vision abnormalities during the first few months of life, and again at about three years old. It is recommended that the exam, at age three, include an evaluation of the vision by an eye chart using either letters, numbers or pictures. A family physician or pediatrician can perform these evaluations. If any problems are found or suspected, a referral can be made for a comprehensive eye exam by an opthalmologist.
Eye injury is one of the leading causes of vision impairment in the United States.
Many of these injuries can be prevented by the use of available protective eyewear worn for high-risk activities. Face masks or shields are recommended for sports such as hockey, football, lacrosse, while shatter resistant lenses or safely glasses should be worn for sports such as racquetball and for activities such as hammering, chiseling, drilling, metalworking and work chemicals. Finally, automobile accidents frequently result in severe eye injuries. Therefore, seat bels should be worn at all times. Air bags alone will not offer adequate protection.