The need for other vaccines, such as for those against scours, rabies, leptospirosis and others, depends on the farm location and history. Parasite control is a necessity for elk as it is with cattle. The intensity of control required for both depends on stocking density and herd history. Winter ticks are a concern with elk, but are rarely seen on cattle. Other parasite concerns and control strategies are very similar.
Good management is the key component of a herd health program for both cattle and elk.
Livestock which is well fed, which has access to comfortable resting and shelter areas, and which lives without stress, will rarely become ill. The most significant difference in herd health management for cattle and elk is the requirement for tuberculosis testing of elk. Most states have regulations that conform to the USDA's Uniform Methods and Rules for Tuberculosis Eradication in Cervidae, and some have more stringent standards when awarding the status of accredited or certified herd. In Canada, the whole-herd test is required every three years. Regular testing is a necessity because so few elk are slaughtered.