Validation of the model radiation with satellite and surface observations is addressed, with particular reference to the role of the cloudiness. The parametrization of moist processes Principles behind parametrization of clouds and convective processes in large-scale models are discussed. Basic principles behind the development of convection are reviewed, highlighting those which are important to consider in the context of convective parametrization. Consideration of the practicalities of convective parametrization focus on the massflux approach. Several approaches to cloud parametrization are described.
Emphasis is put on the conceptual differences between different schemes.
Both these problems are addressed, including a discussion on the determination of surface conditions, similarity approaches, simple profile and eddy diffusivity approximations, higher order closure schemes and cloud processes. Special attention will be paid to the land-surface processes and the inclusion of vegetation, snow cover and soil moisture. This eight-day module will start on Monday 14 May at 9.00 hours and finish Wednesday 23 May at 13.00. Short descriptions of the contents are given below. Lectures notes for this course are available here .