This can be illustrated by the marine shipping industry. Shipping was being sent increasingly via cheaper foreign lines. Basically this is based on the national conditions of any seafaring country which is poor in natural resources. This oft-quoted reference to the Japanese economy importing raw materials and exporting finished goods is a deeply embedded concept in the Japanese psyche and bodes ill when consideration is given to market opening promises. Moreover there is a clear lack of balance in logic in Japanese rational in seeking to prevent the decline of an industry which has already declined in other advanced nations.
International trade is a two way street.
The logic is not balanced. It recommended that the Japanese government initialize a special depreciation policy to permit Japanese firms to buy more modern ships and to eliminate the government restrictions on dividends by the firms. These restrictions have made it difficult for the firms to raise funds via public issues. The Ministry of Transport pretty much adopted these recommendations. This applies only to the purchase of new modern ships.