Now, as always, the values we hold are often derived from the faiths in which we are raised. Vin, as a member of a largely unreflective Christian culture, might accept its major outlines with little question. The Ten Commandments at least would be ethical bedrock for him, and sufficient justification for his actions in themselves if he took them seriously. How we regard the importance of each of these determines the shape of our values, regardless of our cultural heritage. Existentialists say choice is everything, regardless of what you choose.
Logical positivists argue that moral questions are nonsense.
The Origins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals. Harvard University Press. We Make the Personal Choices That Shape Our Lives. To Know as We Are Known. Genetic Determinism and Human Freedom.