John Dobson Newton's laws of motion take inertia for granted. Quantum electrodynamics takes the electrical charge for granted.
Gravitational theory takes gravity for granted.
And the currently orthodox cosmology takes the Big Bang for granted. The currently popular Big Bang cosmology seems to take for granted that in the absence of the Universe, and in the absence of space and time, there would be nothing. That is the question I asked Allen Sandage at Pomona in the summer of 1987. I suggested that it seems warranted to assume that in the absence of time, there would be the absence of change, and that in the absence of space, there would be the absence of smallness and dividedness. But that leaves open the possibility that underlying what we see there might be the changeless , the infinite , the undivided , which seems a long way from nothing.