It is one of the most common malignant tumors of childhood, having the same frequency as Wilms. Arises from neuroblasts anywhere within the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla. Spreads via direct invasion, blood, and lymphatics. Many have early bone marrow involvement. Skeletal metastases can be isolated foci or can be diffuse metaphyseal infiltration of the long bones.
Hepatic metastases are also common.
Ultrasound shows a solid mass that displaces the kidney, but does not distort it. CT and MRI show the extent of the mass, with MRI demonstrating if there is any extension into the spinal canal. Nuclear medicine bone scan to displays bone metastases. All rights reserved.