The face is a rich source of information about human behavior.
Facial displays indicate emotion, pain, brain function and pathology, and regulate social behavior.
Manual methods of coding facial behavior are labor intensive, semi-quantitative, and difficult to standardize across laboratories or overtime. In daily life, prototypic expressions occur relatively infrequently, and emotion more often is communicated by change in one or two discrete features, such as tightening the lips in anger. To capture the subtlety of human emotion and non-verbal communication, we developed the first version of Automated Face Analysis. Automated Face Analysis quantifies subtle changes in facial motion and demonstrates concurrent validity with human observers using the Facial Action Coding System. Continuing system development is part of a larger goal of developing computer systems that can detect human activity, recognize the people involved, understand their behavior, and respond appropriately.