Moreover, bidders can verify that the auction was performed correctly. The bidders in the protocol are only required to send their bid to the auctioneer, and the overall communication and computational efficiency are very reasonable. This architecture can be used to implement any mechanism design where the important factor is the complexity of the decision procedure. We have experimented with a prototype implementation of this protocol, which demonstrates that it can be efficiently implemented for large scale auctions. Although in theory multicast can be simulated by several unicast connections, special protocols to handle multicast communication are essential for the efficiency of data networks and in particular for wide distribution of electronic content.
Individual authentication means that only the source of a message can authenticate it.
User revocation is important in order to prevent non-paying customers from accessing the content. Both these problems do not have trivial solutions, but have to be solved in order to enable efficient commercial distribution of digital content. Our work contributes efficient solutions for both problems. A Distributed System of Key Distribution Centers Security in communication networks relies on trust . In networks which use public key cryptography trust is given to Certificate Authorities which certify the public keys of different parties.