However, the area becomes quickly reclogged in about 30 percent of all cases, requiring repeated treatment within a year or two. Still another technique, laser ablation, which is being used experimentally in major medical centers, entails using a laser instead of a balloon to open the blocked blood vessel. The heated probe then ablates, or removes, the fatty deposits layer by layer. If the patient smokes, stopping completely is an essential first step, since smoking not only hinders the delivery of oxygen but also impairs development of collateral circulation. Proper weight control is also very important.
Exercise is an integral part of the overall treatment program.
Patients often are instructed to walk or use an exercise bicycle for 30 minutes 2 or 3 times per day, resting if pain or discomfort occurs. Studies have found that following a graduated walking program can improve collateral circulation and improve symptoms in some patients. Foot care is particularly important for patients with circulatory problems. Wearing comfortable, properly fitted shoes and socks and protecting the feet from injury or infection are crucial. This means inspecting the feet carefully at least once a day and getting prompt medical attention for any problems such as corns, calluses, injuries, or signs of infection.