Instructional design is a systematic approach to designing and developing instruction. In the Analysis stage, we would begin by defining the goals of the course. This is a starting point. Write a bibliography Outline a research paper Write a research paper Prepare and deliver an oral presentation. These statements of what a student should be able to do after instruction become the objectives.
Instructional design can be helpful at any time.
It's all about solving instructional problems, no matter how large or small. I have worked with professors to rethink existing courses, develop new courses, put courses online, craft new assignments, or simply because they wanted to bounce an idea off of someone. By using specialized consulting techniques, an instructional designer is able to work with a content expert to assist with the design process. These specialized methodologies are what enable an instructional designer to develop instruction on literally any subject. The Instructional Designer applies research-based principles to develop instructional solutions.