Radical prostatectomy is the removal of the prostate gland and surrounding tissue. This procedure is performed only if cancer has not spread outside the prostate. In this surgery, an instrument is inserted through the urethra and into the prostate. The cancerous tissue is removed using a small loop on the end of the instrument. In cryosurgery, cancer cells are destroyed cells by freezing them.
Hormone therapy is the use of hormones to stop cancer cells from growing.
This treatment can take several forms. Since male hormones, such as testosterone, help cancer cells grow female hormones or estrogens inhibit growth. Another group of hormones, known as LHRH agonists, also helps decrease the amount of male hormones present without many of the side effects associated with estrogens. Men with advanced cancer sometime undergo orchiectomy, or surgical removal of the testicles, to stop the production of testosterone. The side effects of orchiectomy include are similar to those of estrogen hormone therapy.