When riding, choose boots with short heels to prevent your foot from sliding through the stirrup. Protective headgear is for all riders, although especially important for jumping and racing. In today's riding helmet, an expanded polystyrene liner absorbs shock waves. A retention system keeps the helmet in place. Models are tested to uniform performance standards and certified to pass the tests.
Helmets can reduce the severity of injury, but none can guarantee complete protection.
The FEI report mentioned the need for neck protection in cross-country riding, considered all but impossible by medical professionals. Head injuries are much more common. A protective vest covers your upper body, with high-density foam padding cushioning your breastbone, ribs, and backbone. It gives you protection against bruises. Bull riders wear Kevlar vests to help shield against bruising and the animal's horns.