Fourdrinier - The formal name for a papermaking machine that forms a continuous web of paper on a moving wire screen. The vast majority of paper manufactured in this country is made on Fourdrinier machines. The consistency of prepared oatmeal, furnish is what is fed onto the moving wire of a Fourdrinier paper machine or Cylinder machine. It is the weight of one square meter expressed in grams. Grain Direction - The direction in which the majority of fibers lie in a finished sheet of paper corresponding to the direction the wire travels on a papermaking machine.
Handmade papers have no grain direction.
Hot Press - Used primarily in describing watercolor papers with a very smooth surface. Laid Finish - Describes a watermarked series of parallel, vertical and horizontal impressed lines in a sheet. Lignin - An organic substance which acts as a binder for cellulose fibers in wood and certain plants, adding strength and stiffness to cell walls. Although originally describing a handmade process, today mould made papers are produced on a Cylinder machine. Cylinder machines differ from Fourdriniers only in the way the pulp is applied to the wire.