Wave of violence results. Papen bans political parades in fortnight before July 31 elections. Nazis march, under police escort, through working class Hamburg. He deposes the Social Democrats and appoints himself Reich Commissioner for Prussia. The SPD once swore to defend the republic against any coup d'etat, from the right or the left.
German workers wait for a call to action.
The SPD promise to appeal Papen's coup to the courts. Nothing else happens. The KPD calls for a general strike. Nazis are now Germany's largest party. Papen thinks he can manipulate the Nazis , but they realize they don't need him.