Positive result indicates syphilis. Negative result rules it out or indicates that it has been adequately treated. Some false-positive results occur in people with other infectious diseases. Low levels of these hormones indicate pituitary and hypothalamic disorders. To identify causes of infertility, menstrual irregularity, or precocious puberty.
Elevated levels indicate possible disorders.
Oral contraceptives lower estradiol levels. To identify causes of infertility, abnormal bleeding, or galactorrhea. See chapter 9. High levels occur normally during pregnancy, breast-feeding, and after a hysterectomy. Otherwise, high levels indicate a prolactin-secreting tumor.