Protocols Computers can convert information into different forms, so that it can be transferred over different kinds of wiring systems. To ensure that systems created by different manufacturers can communicate with each other, engineering standards called protocols are observed. Physical protocols control how information is sent over physical media like copper wire or fiber optic cabling. Logical protocols control how information is packaged and addressed for use by applications. Physical and logical protocols are usually used in conjunction with each other.
Ethernet is a physical protocol.
Defining Ethernet Technology Ethernet cards transfer computer data more quickly than telephone modems. Instead of trying to carry data over a connection that was intended to carry the human voice, an Ethernet connection is designed to make the most efficient possible use of the wiring and system to carry computer data. The term Ethernet refers to computer communications devices that operate according to the guidelines contained in IEEE802.3, an industry standard that ensures that equipment from different manufacturers can interoperate. Information can be exchanged between Ethernet devices at up to 10Mbps. The kind of wire used to transfer Ethernet information is similar to but not identical to ordinary copper telephone cabling.