These are typical examples of AWSA competition requirements. They are widely used by the recreational water-ski industry, as well. This rate is quite low when compared to other sports such as snow skiing which has injury rates 10 times higher. Lower leg and head injuries tend to be the higher percentage of injuries but do not dominate the injury mix. Standards for tow ropes, handles, towboats, competition courses and safety practices have been developed.
Future developments are in the areas of helmet design and releasable water-ski bindings.
Safe Water Skiing, The American Water Ski Association, Winter Haven, Florida. National Sporting Goods Association Research, Mt. Prospect, Illinois. Official Tournament Rules, The American Water Ski Association, Winter Haven, Florida.