Laryngeal cancer is the term given to a malignant tumor of the larynx, or voice box.
Laryngeal cancer sometimes is simply called throat cancer, though the term is somewhat misleading since the throat includes regions other than just the larynx. The lining of a portion of the larynx is made up of a type of cell called squamous cells. When a malignant tumor arises in these cells, it is called laryngeal carcinoma or laryngeal cancer. Laryngeal cancer is most often caused by a long exposure to tobacco and to alcohol. Its incidence is much higher in people who have a history of heavy smoking or drinking.