Various punishment options are evaluated and the impact of imprisonment as well as the experiencing of being incarcerated are addressed. Forensic criminalistics can be defined as the systematic search for the truth regarding crime. This involves searching for objective and subjective evidence that could lead to the solving of crime. Objective evidence involves the collecting of physical evidence by means of dactyloscopic, serological, toxicological, odontological, ballistic, documentary and post-mortem examinations. Subjective, or in other words, verbal evidence is gathered by obtaining evidence from victims, complainants, eyewitnesses and offenders.
Juvenile delinquency involves the studying of crime and misbehaviour that occurs during adolescence.
Although the crime phenomenon is studied in all its facets amongst these offenders, it is evaluated against the background of the specific developmental phase juveniles are in. Juveniles behaviour is studied as a consequence of various factors such as the family, the school and the peer group. Family violence as well as the importance of non-intact families are paid special attention especially in view of the fact that dysfunctional family systems contribute significantly to the occurrence of juvenile delinquency and misbehaviour. Various theories such as the social structure, social process and radical theories are used to explain juvenile delinquency. Furthermore attention is paid to the criminal justice system as well as strategies to prevent juvenile delinquency.