Kepler succeeded magnificently. He published the laws in 1609. Kepler's Model of the universe was based on Copernicus's view, Heliocentric , the Earth moves and spins . Kepler's Laws 1. Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse.
Ellipses are oval-shaped loops.
The orbital speed of a planet varies so that a line joining the Sun and the planet sweeps over equal areas in equal time intervals. This law tells us how the speed of a planet varies as it goes around the Sun. When the planet is further from the Sun, it moves slower. Perihelion and aphelion . This law can be used to compute planetary speeds at any time although the calculations can be complex.