These results provided direct electrophysiological evidence that vinpocetine increases the activity of ascending noradrenergic pathways and that this effect can be related to the cognitive-enhancing characteristics of the compound. Vinpocetine has been documented to partially protect against excitotoxicity induced by a wide range of glutamate-related neurotoxins. The extract of the ginkgo biloba has been used extensively in Europe and was recently approved in Europe for the treatment of dementia, including the most common form, Alzheimer s disease. It improves circulation by reducing blood platelet formation and enhancing memory. Healthy people seeking to slow down brain aging often notice that Cognitex and ginkgo enhances their cognition.
Gingko contains numerous antioxidant flavonoids which counteract free radical activity.
Flavonoids are also known to strengthen capillaries which can improve blood flow to the brain. Gingko has been shown in numerous studies to improve attention span, memory, reaction time, perception, and learning ability. An extract from the saw palmetto berry may prevent benign prostatic hypertrophy and possibly reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Saw palmetto is derived from the berries of a small bushy tree found in the southeast U.S. Saw palmetto limits the production of DHT and inhibits binding at its receptor sites. Since osteoporosis has no symptoms in its early stages, prevention with mineral supplementation is critical.