A newborn calf should receive 1 to 2 quarts of first colostrum within 30 minutes of birth or as soon as possible. Allow the calf to suckle, feed the calf from a bottle or pail, or force feed using a stomach tube. Use either colostrum from the mother or frozen colostrum from another cow. If a tube is used, a smooth one is much faster and safer. Such a tube comes on a disposable enema bag which is sold for use with calves.
First colostrum is essential, whether it's suckled or fed, since it is highest in antibodies.
Colostrum is also higher in vitamins A and D and certain minerals, particularly iron, than whole milk. Early and adequate intake of colostrum is important since the newborn calf is without protection against disease. In addition, the digestive tract loses its ability to absorb antibodies over time and is nearly completely closed off by 24 hours after birth, as illustrated in Figure 1. If colostrum is not available, bovine antiserum can be used. This is hard to find but a supply should be kept on hand.