The definition is the same as you'd find in any standard crossword puzzle and consists either of a synonym or a brief descriptive phrase. The two parts are combined in no special order and with a conscious intent to confuse, but cryptic clues have none of the ambiguity of standard crossword-puzzle clues because word play and definition independently confirm the answer. Two definitions consists in simply stringing two definitions together, usually without punctuation, to form a misleading phrase. The only possible answer is angered. Reversals are always identified as such.
Homophones are two words that sound alike but are spelled differently.
Codes are single letters or letter combinations that, in general usage or in specialized fields such as music, science, mathematics, and the like, stand for specific words.