The answer is unclear. Aerobic exercise training actually increases antioxidant enzyme production. Thus, increased need for antioxidant protection may be met by adaptations to exercise training. More research is needed before recommendations can be made. Vitamin supplements are commonly used by athletes to make up for less than optimal diets.
Food contains fiber and a host of phytochemicals that provide health benefits.
Add more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to the foods already being consumed. Supplements are not replacements for food. While many supplements contain beta carotene, an antioxidant, at least 450 carotenoids are found in foods. Antioxidant value exists in other carotenoids as well as in beta carotene. Calcium, iron, and zinc perform especially important functions for athletes.