The judiciary is independent. It is exercised by courts of justice of different sorts and classes, which issue their judgment in accordance with the law.
Judges are independent, subject to no other authority but the law.
No authority may intervene in the cases or in justice affairs. The law determines the judiciary organizations and their formation, prescribes the conditions and measures for the appointment and transfer of their members. A Supreme Council presided over by the President of the Republic supervises the affairs of the judiciary organization. The law prescribes its formation, its competencies, and its rules of action. It is consulted with regard to the draft laws organizing the affairs of the judiciary organizations.