Horizontal axis machines are the primary type used in Europe and Japan. The most efficient refrigerators must be special ordered from small companies. Major manufacturers do offer efficient models, however. Efficient dishwashers are made by major U.S. and European manufacturers. Major U.S. manufacturers of clotheswashers started reintroducing horizontal axis machines in 1992.
European models are also available.
The initial cost of all the energy efficient appliances is higher than conventional models. The front loading aspect of many horizontal axis machines can be less desirable for many people due to the bending required to put clothes in and out of the machine. Some horizontal axis machines can be loaded from the top but may be more difficult to find. The most energy efficient refrigerators are partial automatic defrost and smaller sizes. This will affect common acceptance and attract mainly the most environmentally committed.