Operation data show that powerplants expose their neighbors to far less than 1 millirem per year. To train their operators, the utilities use exact mockups of an actual powerplant control room. These simulators are computer controlled like the ones pilots use in flight training. They allow the operators to gain practical experience in managing all types of normal and unusual situations without affecting the plant. The operators react to simulated plant functions, using operating procedures.
Instructors discuss the best actions to take in give situations.
The recommendations from DOE and INPO supplement NRC's requirements and help utilities achieve very high standards for selecting and training the people who operate the plants. The power plant staff is highly qualified, skilled, and trained in reactor operations and safety. Operators and senior operators are required to be licensed by the NRC for that particular facility. The operator has the additional responsibility of directing the activities of the other licensed operators. At least one Licensed Senior Reactor Operator, two Licensed Reactor Operators, and two Unlicensed Plant Operators must be present during each working shift at a nuclear powerplant.