Then there is the eaten-up forest that has to be regenerated. A certain formula would evolve, that is, for afforesting one hectare of degraded forest, you require ten thousand Rupees. Actual expenditure may be much less. And the difference would be pocketed. On the other hand, there is grand corruption.
Grand corruption takes place at the level of policy.
There are two ways of looting the treasury. One is the unofficial loot, which is where people get money to line their own pockets and the other is the official loot. This official loot usually takes the form of cultivating the vote banks, by giving subsidies, by giving tax rebates, by not even allowing taxes to take place in certain things, and so on and so forth. Often this can have a very negative impact on the environment. Life is bright for the urban elite.