Especially in large organisations, with strong central control, the time to make decisions is far too long. So the organisation as a whole cannot cope with rapid change. Never leave variation out of account. Variation means uncertainty, and uncertainty means waste. We must learn to manage these in completely different ways.
Management depends on prediction.
Both are dangerous. In a world which changed slowly, experience of the past was a good guide. Even so, appearances are deceptive, and wrong ideas take a long time to die. Blind trust in any particular theory is also fatal. We always think we know more than we do.