However, most series have relatively small numbers. As a result, analysis of factors influencing outcome has been limited. Clinical, operative, and pathologic factors were correlated with morbidity and long-term survival. Factors influencing outcome were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Compared to carcinoma of the pancreas, carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater has a higher resectability rate and a better prognosis.
Early diagnosis is important because lymph node status influences survival.
Careful operative dissection and avoidance of transfusions also improves long-term survival. To evaluate preoperatively the extent of primary tumor, involvement of regional lymph node, and distant metastasis of ampullary carcinoma and extra hepatic bile duct carcinoma. 46 patients underwent surgical explorations. Radical resection with detailed pathological study was done for 22 patients with resectable ampullary carcinoma and 18 patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. EUS is an effective method for the evaluation of the extent of invasion of ampullary carcinoma and extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma as well as the involvement of regional lymph node before operation.