Calcium sulfate, for example, is much less potent than magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate. The mechanism by which sulfate ions induce laxative effects is complex and poorly understood. However, retention of excess fluid in the intestinal lumen and increased motor activity in the intestinal tract appear to be involved. It may be that poorly absorbed, soluble ions exert an osmotic pressure that causes retention of fluid in the intestinal lumen, and this increase in bulk indirectly stimulates intestinal transit. In addition to osmotic effects, the sulfate ion may increase the fluid volume of the intestinal tract by decreasing water absorption in the small intestine and by stimulating increases in the secretion of pancreatic, gastric, and intestinal fluids.
Infants appear to be more sensitive to the laxative action of sulfate than adults.
The effect was reversible after the use of high sulfate water was discontinued. Sulfates can contribute to an undesirable taste in water. Subchronic Toxicity Information on the oral, subchronic toxicity of sulfate in humans and animals is unavailable. Chronic Toxicity Information on the oral, chronic toxicity of sulfate in humans and animals is unavailable. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity Information on the developmental and reproductive toxicity of sulfate in humans and animals is unavailable.