Distinguish between temperature and heat. Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance, while heat is the energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature to one of lower temperature. Distinguish between heat and internal energy. Heat is the measure of flow of energy. Internal energy is the total of all the potential energy inside the molecules plus the kinetic energy of the molecules.
Heat always flows from hotter substances to cooler substances.
By burning it and seeing how much heat energy is released. More specifically, food is burned and the heat is allowed to raise the temperature of water. 12 Distinguish between a calorie and a Calorie. A calorie is the amount of heat that can raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree of Celsius. The hot coffee has the higher temperature, obviously.