They absorb water in the intestine and make the stool softer. Stimulants cause rhythmic muscle contractions in the intestines. Most laxative makers have replaced or plan to replace phenolphthalein with a safer ingredient. Stool softeners provide moisture to the stool and prevent dehydration. These laxatives are often recommended after child birth or surgery.
Lubricants grease the stool enabling it to move through the intestine more easily.
Mineral oil is the most common lubricant. Saline laxatives act like a sponge to draw water into the colon for easier passage of stool. People who are dependent on laxatives need to slowly stop using the medications. A health care provider can assist in this process. In most people, this restores the colon's natural ability to contract.