Living and moving in adakar had become risky due to the constant threat of violent robbery and death caused by marauding norokos, or armed bandits. Alternatively, pastoralists formed arumurums . These are extensive, designated areas of the range with mutually observed boundaries, in which pastoralists congregate their livestock together, and share responsibility for grazing livestock. Entrance is tightly regulated and determined by the arumurum leader, a mutually respected elder man from within the community. Animals are grazed in larger congregations, and at night return to larger fortified pens that hold the livestock of many families.
Guards patrol the periphery, and are instructed in their movements by the arumurum leader.
For the time being, the formation of arumurums is the most prominent local strategy for responding to insecurity. At the same time, these sustain customary drought responses in the absence of other supportive measures. To many, particularly conservationists, arumurums are viewed as environmentally destructive, and a further proof that nomadic pastoral livelihood systems are not sustainable or viable in contemporary Kenya. It could be argued that grazing livestock in larger units is a mal-adaptation of past systems for managing environmental limitations, which were centered on splitting herds within and between families. Many might quickly conclude that arumurums will inevitably lead to localised environmental degradation.