Treatment is basically surgical, draining at anal periphery, sometimes being necessary antibiotics as therapeutic complement. Half of the anal abscesses are cured with these simple measures, even so the other half evolve to fistulas. They are channels formed from drained anal abscesses, surgical or spontaneously, and communicate anal canal with perianal region. Channels are epithelized inflammatory processes and they don't heal with clinical treatment, being necessary surgery to open fistulas or resecation of all fistulous course under anesthesia. They are radial anal border wounds very painful.
Main cause is chronic constipation with hard stools passage and tearing of anal skin .
Diseases as Syphilis, Tuberculosis, Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease are also causes of anal fissures. In these cases, treatment's target is the causative disease. Treatment of fissures of constipation cause is originally clinical one, with correction of constipation, analgesics, hot seat bathing and analgesic ointments. Everything was written above on rectal cancer is applied to anal cancer, this last one with symptoms more prominent and precocious because proximity of anal sphincter, mainly bleeding and anal pain. Depending on type and extension of cancer, treatment must be radiotherapic, combined or not with chemotherapy, and in most of cases, surgical.