This peak of TSWV incidence followed 1987 and 1988 spotted wilt epidemics in area peanut fields. Cultivars have a level of resistance to severe CMV strains. Seed transmission has been reported in spinach and other plants. A common symptom is yellowing of lower leaves, stunting, and dark green rugose new leaves. Control suggestions are use of resistant cultivars, broadleaf weed control near fields before and after planting, high plant populations, and good growing conditions for rapid plant growth.
Incidence is often higher near the field edge.
Resistance could probably be developed in spinach. Early fall seeding has higher incidence than late fall or early winter seeding. Risk is higher with low plant populations. Prolonged summer drought may indicate greater risk. Symptoms are yellow older leaves with asymmetrical younger leaves dwarfed, crinkled, and rolled upward and inward.