Contestants are evaluated solely on musical ability. Dress and marching or drill capability are not considered. Contestants are evaluated on tone and tuning, execution and expression, and clean starts, stops, and transitions. Good tone and tuning is achieved when the instruments are in tune with themselves and, for bands, each other, and provide a full and pleasing blend of sound. Execution and expression applies not to the tunes played, but how they are played.
Expression determines whether the same tune is boring or interesting.
Expression is probably the most subjective of the criteria as it cannot help but be influenced by each judge's personal preference. All of these factors are a function of experience and practice, and these levels differ widely among both bands and individuals. In order to make contests equitable, a grading system has been established to ensure that everyone competes at the same level. Bands are graded 1 - 5, Grade 5 being for beginners. Scottish Highland Dancing Dancers compete individually for medals, trophies and in some contests, prize money.