Waves have high and low points, and the distance between one of those highs and lows and the next is called a wavelength . Just how long that wave is will determine the amount of energy that it has. For example, a long wave has a low amount of energy or low frequency, and a short wave has a high amount of energy or high frequency. What we see in a rainbow, then, are the wavelengths of the visible colors. You see, our sun emits its radiation in this visible range, which our eyes interpret as the colors of the rainbow.
Light travels in the form of a wave.
White light , or the light from the sun, is made of colors , and colors are different types of light recognized by their own wavelengths. Waves exist above and below the visible spectrum, too. Together, the visible and invisible spectrums make up the electromagnetic spectrum . There are three things that can happen to a light wave. It can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted .