Keep in kind that studies of the same sort have not been completed on fathers. At present, research is showing that at least a third of all cases of trisomy 21 are paternal. Complex Metabolic Interactions of Gestation. This table is only a review of that which you learned during fetal development in BIOL 224. Additionally, as you learned in BIOL 224, the greatest welfare factor on fetal development is that the chorionic villi are bathed by maternal blood.
Energy is required for maintenance metabolism.
This must increase because of increased cardiac output and respiratory rate, increased cellular mass in the uterus, placenta, fetus, breasts and increased kidney function. The total thus far is 80 Mcal. The difference between the 80 and the 65 Mcal, is 15 Mcal. Pregnancy protein requirements seem to be mostly in controversy. The latter prefers to err on the side of caution.