The trachea should sound clear. Newborn foals have respiratory rates that are quite high, ranging from 60-80 breaths per minute. Foals within the first weeks of life have resting respiratory rates from 20-40 breaths per minute. Please remember that if your horse or foal becomes excited for any reason during your examination, it can elevate the heart and respiratory rate temporarily. Another indicator of wellness is the color of the mucous membranes or gums.
Healthy horses have nice pink gums that are moist to the touch.
Capillary refill time also can be performed while looking at your horse's gums. It should be around two seconds. Gums that are dark red, bright or brick red, blue, or even white with a prolonged capillary refill time, usually indicate one of the various forms of shock. Your veterinarian should be summoned immediately. Your veterinarian's examination will be much more detailed.