Lack of governing experience and cooperation of the local population is. The returning Albanians know little about rebuilding a society, and controlling elements in their population are more intent on retribution than reconciliation. Kosovo, now under Albanians, has little infrastructure since the governmental functions had been run almost entirely by Serbs. Lawlessness is rampant. Robbery, apartment thefts, arson, extortion, and murders take place with impunity, some a function of organized crime.
Few cars have licenses and no one has new identity papers.
A recent article in The New York Times indicated that most drivers when stopped claim that the titles to their cars have been destroyed or stolen, but the suspicion is that it is the cars themselves that have been stolen either from Serbs or Western Europeans. On a trip last fall to Kosovo, I gained my most vivid insight into the lack of basic infrastructure by visits to internationally organized medical facilities. Mario Goethals of the Humanitarian Coordination Center told us that Albanian doctors had not been practically trained in the last ten years because Serbs had not given the Albanian doctors positions in hospitals, and practical education of specialists had been done in Belgrade. He added that Kosovar Albanians are not in the best of health. At least a third of the population has Hepatitis A, gastro-intestinal problems are widespread, and heavy smoking has left the population riddled with cancer, heart and respiratory problems.