When the TRAM flap is not an option due to an inadequate amount of abdominal fat or high risk, other options become available. The latissimus dorsi flap uses skin, fat, and muscle from the back that is rotated around to the chest to create a breast. This flap often requires the use of an implant to obtain symmetry with the opposite breast. New flaps now available for breast reconstruction at Johns Hopkins include the DIEP flap and the S-GAP flap. Both of these flaps can yield aesthetic and function results.
Implant reconstruction following mastectomy is an excellent option for many women.
This operation requires less operating time, has a quicker recovery time, and can yield an excellent aesthetic outcome. The operation usually requires two stages. During the first stage a temporary tissue expander is placed to stretch the skin. Following the expansion phase that usually requires 2 to 3 months, the expander is removed and a permanent implant is inserted in its place. Implant reconstruction can also be performed in a single stage using a post-operatively adjustable implant.