Approximately 1 million Americans undergo cataract surgery every year, making it the most performed surgical procedure among people over 55. The operation is performed using a small incision. After applying a local or topical anesthetic, the discolored lens is removed and an intraocular lens made of plastic is implanted. Almost all intraocular lenses now have UV protection, but patients are still advised to wear sunglasses for maximum defense against reinjury. Although the exact cause of the condition is unknown, it is hypothesized that UV rays may break down the macular pigments, resulting in blurred or fuzzy vision and missing spots in the visual field.
Macular degeneration is typically age-related and can be hereditary.
It afflicts an estimated 13 million people and is the single largest cause of blindness in patients over 55. The wet form is a greater threat to vision loss, but in some cases can be improved with laser surgery. Both types of macular degeneration can be slowed by taking antioxidants and zinc, but the dry form seems to respond better to this therapy. Focus on facts Whether you have these eye disorders or not, sunglasses should be worn year-round. But for safety's sake, they should never be worn at night, especially when driving.