Science Geography is the study of the physical nature of the Earth and the life , plant and animal, on it. Geography is the science that deals with the distribution and arrangement of all elements of the earth's surface. The ancient Chinese, Phoenician, and Egyption civilzations began the study of geography by recording the physical features they observed during their explorations.
Geographers use economics , history , biology , geology, and mathematics in their studies.
The Greeks gave us the first important knowledge about the Earth itself by demonstrating that the Earth was round and accurately determining it's circumference. Before the 19th century geographic writing was largely the simple recording of observations and data. In the mid-20th century, more accurate methods of obtaining and analyzing data were developed and geographic writings became more explanatory and more theoretical. The Nile River is 4,145 miles long. It flows from the heart of Africa below the Equator to Egypt and empties into the Mediterranean Sea.