When a study is undertaken, explicit rules and procedures are constructed and the researcher is bound by them, letting the chips fall where they may. Objectivity also requires that scientific research deal with facts rather than interpretations of facts. Science is empirical. Researchers are concerned with a world that is knowable and potentially measurable. Analysts must be able to perceive, understand, and classify what they study and reject nonsensical explanations of events.
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Scientific research is systematic and cumulative. No single research study stands alone, nor does it rise or fall by itself. Astute research analysts always use previous studies as building blocks for their own work. One of the first steps taken in conducting research is the review of all available literature on the topic so that the current study will draw on the heritage of past research. Scientist attempt to find order and consistency in their findings .