I don't think either Modern Orthodox or Haredim approach the Halacha objectively. To do this would require a kind of scientific detachment more appropriate for the university than the yeshiva. The modern Orthodox approach is for many people individually to apply their own preconceived biases and opinions, and then to debate the varying conclusions. The Haredi approach is to appoint a single superior soul to take this responsibility upon himself. Essentially, the issue is whether Jewish society should have hierarchical or distributed control.
Jewish history shows ample evidence of both approaches.
The respective strengths and weaknesses of these choices parallel the strengths and weaknesses of hierarchical versus distributed design in, say, systems engineering. In choosing between these approaches, both modern Orthodox and Haredi preferences exhibit a strong influence from the surrounding gentile culture. Tsarist Russia, communist U.S.S.R., the Austria-Hungarian Empire, fascist Rumania and Hungary, etc. The problem that I encounter in Dora Schaefer's formulation is that the analysis of the Shemirat shabbat was in the sense of relating the modern to the Halachic. However, the problem that Hendeles refers to is that here the opposite is happening.