If testicular tumors are removed and thereis persistent elevation of one of these tumor markers then one has to assume that there is tumor remaining in the patient. Most patients notice a mass or a pain or swelling in one testicle. Five percent of patients may have swelling of breast due to a hormonal affect from the tumor. It is not unusual to have small lumps in the epididymis, which is a tube adjacent to the testicle, which helpstransport sperm, however, any unusual mass should be evaluated by physician. An ultrasound examination of the scrotum and testicle is the most reliable technique to evaluate for testicular tumors.
Early detection is important, so monthly self-examination is recommended.
This is the best done in a warm shower and any suspicious areas examined by a physician. Testicular tumors are staged using the TNM system. Staging helps in making recommendations for treatment. Less than 6 positive nodes. Testis tumors can spread by one of three routes.