Grayford soils are fine-loamy and have more acid sola. Nasset and Roseville soils have a thicker solum, and depth to limestone bedrock is greater than 40 inches. Newglarus soils are fine-silty over clayey. Ritchey soils have limestone within 20 inches. Whalan soils are fine-loamy.
Dubuque soils are on high benches and ridgetops of narrow interfluves and on convex side slopes.
Slope gradients typically are between 2 and 30 percent, but they range to 60 percent. They formed in 18 to 36 inches of loess and in a thin layer of residuum weathered from limestone bedrock or reddish paleosol high in clay. Mean annual temperature is about 45 to 50 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from about 32 to 35 inches. These are the competing Fayette , Frankville , Nasset , and Palsgrove series and the Nordness and Sogn series. Nordness and Sogn soils have lithic contacts within 20 inches.