They are so short that they are importing people from India to write code in virtually every company there is. Program as much as possible. Programing a problem is the fastest way to learn both the problem and programing. When an employer asks if a person can program, they mean can you take a problem right now and create code without assistance. Know the limitations of the equations and or software that you are using.
Engineering is the art of balancing accuracy with the resources available.
Equations are a means to get quantitative answer for things that you should have an intuitive feel for. Intuition is related to experience. Work the equations enough to get a feel for the subject. When you get a chance try the phenomenon that you are studying. Don't be a generalist on your resume.