Registered seed is the progeny of foundation seed. Registered seed is then multiplied to give the final product- certified seed. Each state inspects and certifies this final generation in order to guarantee quality and genetic purity. Certified seed is labeled with a blue tag. The seed germination percentage is that number of seeds that germinated out of 100 from controlled tests done under optimum conditions.
Germination occurs when the seedling root or radicle emerges from the seed coat.
Seed germination depends on the seed vigor. Vigor is defined as those characteristics that ensure rapid, complete and uniform seed germination. Chitting, priming, and pelleting are techniques currently used to improve field germination. In chitting, seeds are germinated under ideal conditions first and then carefully transplanted into the field. Primed seeds, once sown in the field, have an advantage over non-primed seeds because they have a lower water requirement before germination.