In addition, the plastic must be removed to allow runner rooting, or runners must be removed from the plants. If plastic is left intact with runners removed, planting life is generally restricted to 2 years. Napropamide is commonly used pre-mulch in the autumn to control fall germinating weeds while terbacil is generally applied only at renovation. 2,4-D is applied at the end of harvest to control broadleaf weeds. Some cultivars are sensitive to terbacil.
Growers have very few options for pre-emergence weed control during the growing season.
Both adults and nymphs feed on flowers and developing fruits. The result of feeding injury is deformed fruits that sport a hard, seedy nub or end and dramatically reduced fruit size. These fruits are not marketable. Control measures include weed management in and around the planting. Sites adjacent to alfalfa in particular are avoided.