The first, introduced 12 years ago, is called Photo-Reactive Keratectomy or PRK . In both procedures, a surgeon changes the shape of a patient's cornea permanently, using a device called an Excimer Laser. This laser produces a beam of ultraviolet light that is used to vaporize tissue. The computer then guides laser beam as it vaporizes tiny amounts of tissue on the outside surface of the cornea. The procedure removes just enough tissue to permanently re-shape the cornea in a way that produces normal vision.
Healing is complete in about a week.
The flap is lifted, and then the surgeon uses the Excimer laser, guided by a computer, to remove a carefully calculated amount of tissue from the inner layers of the cornea. Afterwards, the flap is closed and the eye heals by itself without stitches. The major benefit most people experience is an ability to see things clearly, and some people feel that their lives are vastly improved if they no longer have to deal with prescription glasses or contact lenses. Most patients who have laser eye surgery are back to their normal routines within 3 days. With PRK, some people may have hazy vision for a few days during the healing process, but it usually clears up.