Casting and acting, however, are too complicated to discuss in this article. Early filmmakers wondered whether changes in the apparent size of actors in different shots would make audiences think they had grown or shrunk. Well, no, that doesn't happen, an important discovery leading to the close-up. The focal length of lenses dictate perspective. Filmmakers quickly learned that wide angles exaggerate motion and depth perception, while narrow angles reduce both.
Lighting is important for a sense of three-dimensionality and for emotional color.
Harsh lighting makes actors look angry or distressed, soft lighting makes them seem romantic. Stage scenes to look good on camera. Move actors within a shot for emphasis. Notice that actors tend to stand closer together in a movie than they would in a real social situation. Notice that no one notices this artifice.