Cells adjacent to the wound increase production of a number of endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, polysomes, cytoplasm and dictyosomes. What these are is not important, other than that they play a role in developing polysaccharides. The polysaccharides are deposited on the boundary cell walls, and precede the formation of lignin, a tough cellulose substance that hardens the cell walls. Ligno-suberized cells begin to form within 3 to 7 days, although the healing process can take several weeks. Temperature and humidity influence the rate of healing.
Lower humidity requires higher temperatures.
Pruning cuts off the apical buds, interrupting the flow of auxins. The bud directly below the pruning cut begins to produce auxins, taking over the position as apical bud, controlling the buds below and retrieving the cytokinins necessary for growth. Pruning is our artificial means of controlling bud break on our bushes. Early growth that promises lackluster performance can be pruned away to dormant eyes that act as if the bush just woke up. Pruning can also cut away early growth damaged by late frosts.