Classifying ankle sprains helps the podiatric surgeon diagnose the specific structures involved in the injury. This also helps determine appropriate treatment plans for each type of ankle sprain. Type II sprain occurs when some of these fibers or ligaments are completely torn. Type III, the most severe, occurs when the entire ligament is torn and there is significant instability of the ankle joint. Fractures of the ankle bone or outside the foot bone may be present.
Fractures require immediate diagnosis and attention for appropriate treatment.
The podiatric surgeon examines the ankle to identify the type of ankle sprain and determine the appropriate method of treatment. Less frequently, more sophisticated testing is necessary to examine soft tissue injuries. Once the diagnosis is made, the podiatric surgeon recommends appropriate therapy. In more severe cases, nonweightbearing activities are encouraged and crutches may be recommended. Compression may be achieved with an elastic bandage, splint, short leg cast or brace, depending on severity.