The distribution of the peptides varies in the different parts of the mushroom, with the cap being the most deadly part. The amatoxins, phallotoxins, and virotoxins are found in A. bisporigera , A. ocreata , A. phalloides , A. phalloides var. The phallolysins are a recently discovered group of toxins as yet only seen in A. phalloides .
Ibotenic acid is found in A. cothurnata , A. muscaria var.
Amanullin Amanullinic acid Proamanullin Amatoxins are solely responsible for fatal human poisonings. They are bicyclic octapeptides which are much more potent than any of the other toxins. The amatoxins are taken up by the liver where they begin to cause damage. They are then secreted by the bile into the blood where they are taken up by the liver again, causing a cycle of damage and excretion. The liver is slowly destroyed and is unable to repair itself due to the inactivation of the RNA-polymerase.