These problems will be approached from such modern views as survival of the fittest, free enterprise and the communal good, as well as the historical perspectives of such thinkers as Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Mill and Nietzsche.
Logic is the study of arguments.
We will introduce important concepts of logic, such as truth, validity and sound-ness. We will also go through elementary formal languages, introducing techniques for determining the validity of arguments, such as various proof systems. Toward the end of the course, we will introduce basic metalogical issues, such as soundess, completeness and decidability. Logic is essential to understanding texts in modern analytic philosophy. For thousands of years, sages in Eastern cultures have addressed these questions from the point of view of logic, psychology and mystical intuition.