Prior to 1971, the women's prison was under the direct control and supervision of the Oregon State Penitentiary. In the years that followed, OWCC gradually assumed responsibility for institutional support services. Although originally designed for 76 female inmates, OWCC has fluctuated in its total capacity through the years. The current capacity is 193 inmates. An emergency temporary capacity of 211 was reached through adding one building and extensive renovation to existing space.
Housing is now double and single cells as well as two dormitories.
Additionally, there are special housing areas for inmates in disciplinary segregation, maximum custody, and administrative segregation status.