Click here to view. Virus transmission involves mosquitoes and wild birds, with mammals, including humans, as incidental end-stage hosts. Following an incubation period of 1 to 6 days, the onset is usually abrupt without prodromal symptoms. The temperature rises quickly to 38.3 to 40 C, with Symptoms include drowsiness, severe frontal headache, ocular pain, myalgia, and pain in the abdomen and back. A small number of patients have dryness of the throat, anorexia, and nausea.
Examination shows facial flushing, conjunctival injection, and coating of the tongue.
The predominant finding is generalized lymphadenopathy. Nodes are of moderate size and nontender and usually include the occipital, axillary, and inguinal chains. The disease is fatal, its Until a bacterial cause is excluded by culture of blood and CSF, parenteral antibiotic therapy should be administered. Treatment of Acetaminophen is recommended for fever. Codeine, morphine, and the phenothiazine derivatives may be necessary for pain and vomiting, but if possible, their use in children should be minimized because they may induce misleading signs and symptoms.