Click here to view. The term allergic usually refers to an immunologically mediated process in response to an allergen. Allergic contact dermatitis is mediated in part by T-cell activation following exposure to certain antigens contacted by the skin. Urticaria, an allergic disease mediated by IgE antibodies in response to specific antigens. Atopic dermatitis is frequently considered an allergic dermatitis.
Evidence supports a genetic basis for the disease.
The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis is not entirely understood. Cytokine production by T cells may be modulated by monocytes, which are found in increased numbers in lesional skin of atopic patients. Trigger factors such as Staphylococcus aureus , Pityrosporum ovale, house dust mites, as well as neurocutaneous influences may also affect immune responses that lead to the development of dermatitis. In the acute management of atopic dermatitis, topical corticosteroids and emollients are the primary therapeutic modalities. For mild disease, a low-potency corticosteroid cream is effective.