When a group is engaged in a conversation about policy issues, problem solving is a key component of that process. Usually, a problem exists before we are conscious of it or can define it. We are aware of or sense conditions that evoke dissatisfaction, frustration, tension and other feelings to which we'd like to react. We say a problem exists when the situation is different than what we'd like it to be, even though we may not always be aware of what new condition we'd like. This is a method of organizing information to define a problem and to resolve or manage conflict or other situations which occur as we create a solution.
Information is organized into three interrelated dimensions.
This includes what we want to accomplish and what we need to avoid. Targets or goals are chosen because the individuals working on the problem value or desire them. Targets are always more general than posed solutions, as the same target may be achieved by different proposals. The PLAN is specific action proposals and steps aimed at changing the current situation. The plan is aimed at solving the problem listed.