They are not required to do anything, which they may prefer. Lectures emphasize learning by listening, an advantage for students who learn well this way. Weaknesses of the Lecture Approach 1. The lecture puts students in a passive rather than an active role. Passivity can hinder learning.
Lectures lack feedback to both the instructor and the student about the students' learning.
They encourage one-way communication. Lectures require an effective speaker who can vary tone, pitch, and pace of delivery. Lecturers must be verbally fluent, a skill that is not stressed nor learned in many PhD programs and is, in general, distributed unevenly among people. Lectures place the burden of organizing and synthesizing content solely on the lecturer. They are not well suited to higher levels of learning such as application, analysis, and synthesis.