The discovery of rich copper deposits led to the opening of the Ajo mines in 1916. For the well prepared, the refuge offers plentiful hiking, photography, wildlife observation, and primitive camping. Please do not linger near water holes. Wildlife depend on them for survival. Before entering the refuge, you must obtain a valid Refuge Entry Permit and sign a Military Hold Harmless Agreement.
Free permits are available from the refuge office or they can be sent through the mail.
Most of the refuge falls within the air space of the Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range. Some military training exercises over the refuge may require limitations on travel and even short periods of closure of the refuge to the public. Military schedules are known in advance, so refuge staff can help with your schedule. See Tips for Watching Wildlife for suggestions to make your visit more enjoyable. The Cabeza Prieta Natural History Association features bi-weekly presentations from November to March on the natural history of the refuge.