Management requests help from the Illinois National Guard. Governor Altgeld refused, telling Pullman to negotiate. Pullman appeals to president Grover Cleveland, who ordered the army to crush the strike on the pretext that it was disrupting mail service. Results Popular opinion leaning toward labor when Alexander Berkman attempted to assassinate Frick. America won't tolerate that kind of industrial violence.
Management crushes the strike, imposing lower wages and longer hours.
No effective steel union would be formed in the US until 1937. Debs is jailed for 6 months but his popularity sources, paving the way for socialist gains over the next 20 years. It would not be until 1935 that labor was granted collective bargaining rights. G OLD Brief history of gold in America Like the fur trade until 1836, gold played a major role in the development of the West. Capital flowed to virtually uninhabited regions, accelerating the growth of cities far faster than would have occurred naturally.