Uses old nests, and maintains alternate sites. Usually is a water source within territory. Dense, mature conifer and deciduous forest, interspersed with meadows, other openings, and riparian areas required. Nesting habitat includes north-facing slopes near water. Yearlong, diurnal activity.
Home range appears to be same as territory.
Extremely defensive of nest area. Begins breeding in April in southern California, and by mid-June in the north. Female incubates 36-41 days while male provides food. After hatching, female feeds brood 8-10 days, then male helps feed them. Young begin to hunt by 50 days, and often independent by 70 days.