Both of these nesting habitats are common in the lower montane regions of Puerto Rico. Extensive destruction of natural forest habitat and overhunting are postulated as causes for the decline. By 1912, clearing of Puerto Rico for agriculture and other purposes was so extensive that one estimate placed the amount of remaining forest at no more than 5,OOO acres of virgin or slightly-culled timber. The unwary nature of the bird and its seasonal flocking habits have made it an easy target for hunters. Today, habitat loss due to the rapid development of the Cidra area is the most serious threat to the species' existence.
Disturbance is a concomitant problem.
The majority of nest failures observed during investigations between December 1973 and September 1975 were the result of human-caused disturbances. Severe storms and hurricanes are considered a potential threat in that they could destroy essential habitat and kill the birds. The plain pigeon's sedentary nature may have also contributed to its status. Establishment of new populations apparently has been limited by the bird's reluctance to colonize new areas. Perez-Rivera, Raul A. 1978.