This is similar in idea to membrane and hollow fibre reactors, but can be much easier to set up, being similar to conventional tower bioreactors, but with the meshwork replacing the central reactor space. Separation of solids from liquids by using a porous material that only allows passage of the liquid or of solids of a smaller than the pore size of the filter. Removal of cell aggregates to obtain a filtrate of single cells that can be utilized as plating inocula. The number of offspring left by an individual, often compared with the average of the population or with some other standard, such as the number of offspring left by a particular genotype. An event that occurs when all the alleles at a locus except one are eliminated from a population.
FLAG See affinity tag.
The DNA sequences extending either side of a specific sequence. Contaminated liquid media are usually cloudy, illustrating this flocculation phenomenon. This is the major method of physical mapping of cloned DNA fragments on chromosomes. The use of laser beams to detect differences in fluorescence between different types of cells in a mixture, and the subsequent deflection of cells into separate bins corresponding to each type of cell in the mixture. A technique used to sort cells or other biological materials by means of flow through apertures of defined size or by laser sorting.