Just above the clockface showing this time, there is a comment about J. W. Schopf which gives you a good definition of the term, relict species. That would be 400 million years ago. That is before dinosaurs. Humans would not appear in this model until just before the midnight hour. On page 533, evolutionary developments are described.
Homologies are parallel evolutionary patterns that come from common ancestry.
Analogies are converging patterns that emerge in separate evolution of unrelated groups. The wing of a bird and the wing of an insect would be examples of analogous structures. In plants the spines and succulence of cacti and euphorbs are cited examples in your book. Selection pressure allows some variants to reproduce more successfully in some environments than others. As variants become isolated into the areas where they are most successful, additional changes lead to speciation.