I do not believe this axiom to be adventurous. I like the emphasis on emergent properties. The formulations here however talk about inherited and historical structures. What could be added is the contradictory nature of the processes that are self-sustaining enough to exist. There are a range of probabilities for all outcomes.
Improbable ones are part of the range of probable ones.
I am surprised. One of the earliest experiments on chaos theory was done on thermodynamics. You mean because it was not purely empiricist. They are very dogmatic about being empiricist. This is a very condensed proposition.