The occurrence of hypothermia is higher in Britain, where several thousand cases are diagnosed each year. In Britain there was no correlation between low body temperature and living alone, being housebound, and lacking central heating or indoor plumbing. The risk is greatest for the homeless or mentally ill elderly, especially with excessive alcohol or drug intake. Tranquilizers, exhaustion, poor nutrition, and inadequate housing also contribute. Outdoor workers, injury victims, and people with heart, thyroid, or adrenal disease are especially susceptible.
Hypothermia patients are cold and look pale, puffy-faced and listless.
Although cold extremities are common, hypothermic patients have cold abdomens and backs as well. Shivering occurs early. Poor brain circulation produces forgetfulness, distorted speech, muscle incoordination and confusion. Later there is very low blood pressure, irregular heart beat, and breathing interruptions. The elderly must eat warm food and drink.