Indeed, the gymnastics center headed by Bela Karolyi in Houston is modeled to some extent after the Romanian system in which he had his training and early successes. The timing of evaluation varies by sport and the process involves several stages. For example, the initial identification and selection for several sports, e.g., gymnastics, diving, swimming, and figure skating, occurs between 3-8 years. Potential rowers, basketball players and weight lifters are generally not selected until after puberty. Ballet, though considered primarily as an art form, also has rigorous, selective anatomical criteria that rival those of some sports.
Emphasis is on linearity and thinness.
Obviously the physical, motor and behavioral requisites vary among sports. Selection is based on the assumption that the requisites for a given sport can be identified at a young age and subsequently perfected through specific training. The process of selection is ongoing as the youngster adapts to the instructional and training programs, as well as the social and emotional demands of the special programs. The success or failure of a talent identification and selection program is dependent upon the balance between the child s ability and the demands of the sport and sports system. Ability is dynamic, changing as the child grows, matures and develops.