The first two are from our previously mentioned two ski instructors. Before we consider the counterfactuals, we consider the following story. Junior had 25 dollars. He went to a ski slope and spent his money on one cheap lesson, that cost 25 dollars. Cheap lessons teach you one skill each lesson, either bending your knees on bumps, or if you have learned that, then placing your weight on your downhill ski on turns.
Expensive lessons cost twice as much, but teach two skills per lesson, in the same order.
Thus, Junior learns to bend his knees. Slope4 is a turn, and according to our theory, unless you place your weight on your downhill ski on turns you fall. We also believe that unless you bend your knees on a bump you fall, and that these behaviors happen only if you have learned these skills. 1 then he would not have fallen in the next situation''. This will be represented by the following counterfactual.