All macroscopic matter is made out of many tiny particles called atoms. The study of how these atoms interact is called Chemistry . The three particles that make up atoms are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive electrical charge, and neutrons have no electrical charge.
Electrons are extremely lightweight and are negatively charged.
They exist in a cloud that surrounds the atom. The electron cloud has a radius 10,000 times greater than the nucleus. The nucleus of an atom is made up of protons and neutrons in a cluster. Virtually all the mass of the atom resides in the nucleus. This force between the protons and neutrons overcomes the repulsive electrical force that would, according to the rules of electricity, push the protons apart otherwise .