If a sufficient number of different size bands are analyzed, the resultant bar code profile will be unique for each individual, except identical twins. It involves the use of restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis. There are 22 autosomes in the human genome. Thousands of nucleotides are linked to form a DNA or RNA molecule. Proteins are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body cells, tissues, and organs, and each protein has unique functions.
Examples are hormones, enzymes, and antibodies.
Enzyme - A protein that acts as a catalyst, speeding the rate at which a biochemical reaction proceeds but not altering the direction or nature of the reaction. Alleles - Alternative forms of a genetic characteristic. In prokaryotes, chromosomal DNA is circular, and the entire genome is carried on one chromosome. Eukaryotic genomes consist of a number of chromosomes whose DNA is associated with different kinds of proteins. The entire genetic identity of an individual, including alleles, or gene forms, that do not show as outward characteristics.