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Individuals can have either or both difficulties.
The diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is also well documented. I think children with some classical cognitive based learning disabilities, like dyslexia do not have a concomitant sensory integration dysfunction. However for many children with school-related learning difficulties, DSI may be a part of their problem. Children with learning disabilities can have sensory integration dysfunction, but not always. For instance, a child that has dyspraxia may have great difficulties with handwriting and visual motor skills leading to school difficulties.