If the fracture is 'open', then the skin, muscle and bone may become infected. Infections of the bone can often take a long time to heal. Other complications include an increased risk of developing blood clots of the veins of the leg, and the introduction of pieces of fat from the bone into the bloodstream. In both cases the clot or the fat can lodge in the blood vessels of the lung and cause a potentially life-threatening blockage. If a fracture is suspected, the doctor examines the area carefully.
Many accidents can cause pain, swelling and bruising without resulting in a fracture.
If the doctor is still suspicious, X-rays of the area are taken to look for a fracture. Occasionally, other scans may also be needed. The stronger your bones are, the less prone you are to fractures. Sometimes it is obvious that a fracture has occurred and that medical attention is necessary. If there is any doubt, go to your nearest accident and emergency department.