DNA fingerprinting can be used to identify inherited disorders in children, such as cystic fibrosis. Early detection enables doctors to act quickly to treat the disease and reduce symptoms. DNA fingerprints may also be useful in developing cures for inherited illnesses. Using this technique, it is possible to locate inherited disorders at the cell level. By studying the genetic fingerprints of relatives who have the same disorder, it becomes possible to identify DNA patterns associated with the disease in question.
Identification is the first stage in developing a cure.
A small sample, such as a square centimetre of leaf or a drop of blood is sufficient. The sample is treated with chemicals to extract DNA from the cells. These enzymes act like scissors. They are used to cut the DNA into millions of fragments of various lengths. The fragments are then placed on a bed of gel.