In recent empowerment literature, the meaning of the term empowerment is often assumed rather than explained or defined. Even defining the concept is subject to debate. A common understanding of empowerment is necessary, however, to allow us to know empowerment when we see it in people with whom we are working, and for program evaluation. As a general definition, however, we suggest that empowerment is a multi-dimensional social process that helps people gain control over their own lives. We suggest that three components of our definition are basic to any understanding of empowerment.
Empowerment is multi-dimensional, social, and a process.
It is multi-dimensional in that it occurs within sociological, psychological, economic, and other dimensions. Empowerment also occurs at various levels, such as individual, group, and community. Empowerment, by definition, is a social process, since it occurs in relationship to others. Empowerment is a process that is similar to a path or journey, one that develops as we work through it. Other aspects of empowerment may vary according to the specific context and people involved, but these remain constant.