An acquired disease, primarily in premature infants or sick newborns, in which intestinal tissue dies. The cause for this disorder is unknown. But, pathologic bacteria in the intestine may also be a causative factor. In an infant with suspected Necrotizing Enterocolitis, feedings are stopped and the bowel is decompressed of gas by inserting a small tube into the stomach.
Intravenous fluid is started to replace feedings of formula or breast milk.
Antibiotic therapy is started. The infant's condition is monitored with abdominal X-rays, blood tests, and blood gases. The dead bowel tissue is removed and a colostomy or ileostomy is performed. The bowel is then reconnected several weeks or months later when the infection and inflammation have healed. The outcome is improved by aggressive, early treatment.