The patient's account of bowel movements should be reviewed, however, because many individuals misinterpret the occurrence of frequent stools as Loperamide may be helpful in selected patients and contribute to improvement in stool consistency, reduction in frequency of defecation, and amelioration of daytime abdominal pain. An increase in resting tone of the anal canal may explain partially these results. Prophylactic administration of loperamide before anticipated circumstances of symptoms may allow the Anticholinergics, including dicyclomine and hyoscine, have been the cornerstone of therapy for many patients. Data from clinical trials evaluating these therapeutic agents are difficult to assess and compare because of research design, significant dropout rates, high placebo response rates, subjectivity of responses, and Newer agents, including zamifenacin and darifenacin, are undergoing study for efficacy and safety. In animals, zamifenacin, a M3 receptor antagonist, decreases small and large bowel motility but accelerates gastric emptying.
Further studies are under way.
In general, although anticholinergic agents are frequently used as antispasmodics, scientific evaluation has been limited in evaluating their efficacy, and their use may be limited because of Low doses of antidepressants, especially tricyclic antidepressants, are advantageous in some patients. Psychotropic drugs are most useful in disease associated predominantly with diarrhea and for those with clinically significant psychologic features. Although these agents were initially thought to be beneficial because of their anticholinergic effects, the current hypothesis implicates an impact on afferent nerves. The use of the Psychotherapy and related psychologic therapies are helpful in some patients, especially those with a psychiatric diagnosis. Prucolopride and tegaserod are primarily 5-HT 4 agonists that effect midgut and distal gut activity.