Encouraging research and subsidising institutions that disseminate knowledge. Creating pro-growth institutions, including enforcable legal contracts, limited liability, and patent laws. Possibly reducing poverty and encouraging equality. Possibly organising society as a democracy. reducing macroeconomic uncertainty. Education, for example, benefits the individual but also, indirectly, the people with whom he or she works.
Infrastructure is a public good with external benefits.
We briefly return to this right at the end.