Emitters release water very slowly, gradually providing water to the root zone, maximizing water uptake by plants. A filter and pressure regulator are required. Drip irrigation is usually used with an irrigation controller. Tubing may be buried or covered with mulch. Given the precise water delivery rates, fertilizers can be added when watering.
Drip irrigation minimizes run-off and evaporation.
The percentage of water actually taken up by the plants is maximized. Less weeds between plants. A tube needs to be run for every row and an emitter needs to be installed for every plant. I am sometimes asked how often or how much to water, a question that is difficult to answer. Watering frequency and amount per watering will depend on soil texture, weather, use of mulch, and varieties of plants grown.