Cynthia Moss discovered a very interesting behaviour. At about 30 years bulls get a for a few month in a year in a certain condition called Musth. They hold the head high, wave their ears and sprinkle urin all the time. The Testosteron in their blood is very high and they are highly aggressiv. Bulls in Musth are feared by other bulls and get priority about others, to whom they are normaly subordinate.
Females are more willing to mate with big bulls and when they are in Musth.
A bull in Musth needs a lot of energy and can afford this behaviour only for a limited time. But as elephants mate all over the year he has a good chance to bee topranking bull and to mate in this time. Real fights between bulls are very rare, they have a well-established hierarchy. Bulls check the Family Groups regularly to find females in oestrus. The females urinate to show their condition.