Impaired insulin secretion. Increased glucose production by liver. Cellular basis of insulin action 1. Binding of insulin shifts the receptor conformation. The signaling cascade ultimately leads to the translocation of glucose transporters from the cell interior to the plasma membrane.
Glucose transporters permit the entry of glucose into the cell.
Mechanism of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes 1. Hyperinsulinemia develops, mainly a compensatory response by the pancreas to insulin resistance. Initially, glucose tolerance remains normal because of high insulin production. Progression to impaired glucose tolerance when insulin secretion falls. Beta cell failure, or frank type 2 diabetes, characterized by increased insulin resistance, increased hepatic glucose output, and decreased insulin secretion.