The Avar rulers lived in Khunzakh, the region's capital, until 1834. Their ability to control the river valleys and central plateau area gave them dominion over the highland peoples. Consequently, their language became the primary means of communication throughout much of the Caucasus region. Soviet influence in the area has been minimal, allowing traditional institutions to remain strong. The Avar are involved in a variety of occupations such as farming, raising livestock, working in domestic industries, and trading.
Fishing is important along the Caspian Sea, and sheep are herded in large numbers.
Control of the farms is slowly changing, and land is being reinstated to its previous owners. The Avar are very devoted to traditional family values. The basic unit of Avar society is the village community. A village assembly and a council of elders govern the community. Most villages are built on hillside slopes.