A CBC may indicate infection or inflammation. Blood cultures will reveal any bacteria in the bloodstream. An EEG may be abnormal if seizures or focal neurologic deficits are present. A cranial CT scan or MRI of head shows the abscess and its exact location. Intracranial pressure may become high enough to cause fatal brainstem herniation.
Hospitalization is required until the condition is stabilized.
Antimicrobials are given, initially through a vein, then by mouth. Between 2 and 6 weeks of medication are usually required. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the most common antimicrobial prescribed. Multiple medications may be used together. Osmotic diuretics such as urea or mannitol are used to reduce swelling of the brain.