A second option is what might be called the Afghan approach. The West would essentially accept that for now the battle of Kosovo is lost-and concentrate its energies on reversing this defeat over time. Such a policy would entail continued aerial attacks on Serbian military assets, prolonged economic sanctions, covert action designed to weaken the regime of Slobodan Milosevic, and the arming and training of the Kosovo Liberation Army, the force of the Kosovo opposition. By definition this option would do nothing to halt the humanitarian nightmare now unfolding. It might also be difficult to sustain over time given the opposition in parts of Europe and Russia to continued bombing.
Insurgencies can take years to succeed, if ever.
After all, Serbia is no colonial power likely to prove short on will. Also, and as we have seen in Afghanistan, insurgencies tend to produce an opposition that is less and less controllable and appealing. Meanwhile, Serbia might sue for peace, making the West appear to be the party unwilling to compromise. A third option would be to send in ground forces. If successful, this option would be the best by humanitarian and strategic yardsticks.