In other cases the material is introduced through bioengineered viruses that carry the therapeutic gene to the cell. Globules known as liposomes can also be used to carry therapeutic genes to specific cells. The instructions in a gene that tell the cell how to make a specific protein. Components of the genetic model include information on whether the disorder is autosomal or X-linked, dominant or recessive, the frequency and penetrance of the disease allele, the frequency of phenocopies, and the mutationrate. A change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule.
Genetic mutations are a kind of genetic polymorphism.
If a difference in DNA sequence among individuals has been shown to be associated with disease, it will usually be called a genetic mutation. The analysis of an individual's genetic material. Among the purposes of genetic testing could be to gather information on an individual's genetic predisposition to particular health condition, or to confirm a diagnosis of genetic disease. The threads are composed of paired strands of nucleotides or base pairs. There are 3.2 billion base pairs in the human genome and approximately 30,000 genes.