The goal of each of these procedures is to catch cancers as early as possible, when they are the most treatable and the outlook for survival usually is greater.
Early detection can also reduce the degree of disfigurement from surgery.
A mammogram, which is an X-ray examination of the breast, is the best means for detecting breast cancers while they are still too tiny to be felt. It's recommended for all women over age 40, annually. Of course, a woman with a family history of the disease or a pre-existing breast abnormality may need to follow a different schedule. A physical exam by a doctor is also advised for all women once a year. And every woman over age 20 should develop the habit of examining her own breasts monthly.