The inadequacy of the system has become increasingly evident during the transition period. A great many roads are single lane and there are only a few motorways and dual-carriage ways. Problems of the road network also have a regional dimension. The best roads are typically in and around the large cities, while the more remote rural and, in some cases, industrial areas are badly connected. This is a problem which is compounded by inadequacies at border crossings, which impedes trade between countries in the region as well as with the EU, and which urgently needs to be addressed.
Lines are in most cases single track, which causes delays and reduces efficiency.
In addition, safety standards are low with tracks often warn out, rolling stock is outdated and the lack of servicing causes frequent breakdowns. As with roads, there are inadequate rail links between the main urban centres in the region as well as with the EU and border crossings can be lengthy. New investment is, therefore, required to improve the standard of the system.