This ratio is key in how effective a reinforcement is within a matrix of polymer molecules. Given uniform composition and coupling agents, a higher aspect ratio reinforcement will result in a higher increase in strength. There is a limit after which the effect is insignificant, but it varies with type or reinforcement and polymer. Aspect ratio is a variable in determining how much stress can be transferred to the fibers or platelets and diluted before being transferred back into the weaker polymer matrix. The most basic compositional unit of the elements composed of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
Elements are any substance composed solely of chemically identical atoms.
Carbon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, iron, aluminum, silver and gold, are but a few of over 100 known elements. New elements are still being discovered. Each carbon atom is single bonded to the next carbon atom on one side, and double bonded to the carbon atom on the other side. Each also has a hydrogen atom bonded to it. Phenyl groups are benzene rings where one of the carbon atoms is bonded to another molecule, making the entire cyclic structure a substituent or side group of that molecule.