Colombia ranks first in the category of fairness in financial contribution. This includes the case of Nigeria, with gross domestic savings of 22 percent but genuine savings of negative 12 percent, and that of the Russian Federation, with 25 percent and negative 1.6 percent respectively. Indonesia, with GDS of 24 percent, had a genuine domestic savings of 6 percent. Air pollution, especially high levels of total suspended particulates, has resulted in premature deaths and severe health damage in urban areas such as Bangkok, Mexico City, and New Delhi. For 11 Chinese cities, the costs of premature mortality and illness were estimated at more than 20 percent of urban incomes.
Economic growth can put pressure on the global environment.
The USA is the largest contributor of carbon dioxide per capita. In 1995, the share of the population with access to safe water rose from 71 percent in 1982 to 89 percent in Malaysia, from 66 to 89 percent in Thailand, from 39 to 65 percent in Indonesia, and from 65 to 83 percent in the Philippines. Sanitation service availability rose from 46 to 96 per cent in Thailand, from 30 to 55 percent in Indonesia, and from 57 to 77 percent in the Philippines. The growth in international financial markets throughout the 1990s was enormous. World trade in goods and services, though growing significantly since the early 1970s, is now dwarfed by international financial transactions of more than five times the value of world trade.