Here is an explanation of the differences between state and federal courts. To see a larger version of this map, click on the image. To see a larger version of this map, click on the image. State courts handle cases involving state constitutions and laws.
Federal courts decide cases involving the U.S. Constitution and federal laws.
Both state and federal courts handle criminal and civil cases. In criminal cases, the government takes action against an individual accused of a crime. Such cases may involve murder, robbery, drug violations, or other criminal activities. Punishment typically includes probation, fines, prison terms, and, in some cases, the death penalty. Cases filed in the aftermath of the presidential election are civil cases.