The Holy Spirit acts as our counselor and guide. The Holy Spirit makes plain what otherwise would be beyond our understanding. The Holy Spirit equips us to do the work of God. We will study the Holy Spirit in the next chapter . We become justified.
Justification means that no sin remains charged to our account.
Christ took the punishment for all of our sin, not just for that up to the point of when we became a Christian. We cannot be more or less justified, but either are, or are not. Guilt is totally gone from the Christian, and gone forever. Therefore, for the Christian, justification is past. We are sanctified.