The nonbiological factors in the rice fish ecosystem include light, water, water temperature, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and some inorganic matter. The biological factors in the ecosystem include producers, consumers, and decomposers. The main producers are plants with roots and large and small phytoplankton. They are all involved in the circulation of carbon through photosynthesis and respiration, and they provide organic matter to consumers and decomposers. There are also many consumers.
Many animals are both primary consumers and secondary or tertiary consumers.
For example, water snakes feeds on frog, frogs feed on fry, and fish feed on plankton. Many animals are harmful to rice but useful to fish, and vice versa. For example, although frogs feed on fry, they also feed on many of other insect and worms that are harmful to rice. The composition of the producers, consumers, and decomposers in the rice fish ecosystem is complicated and merits further investigation. Cycling of Material and Energy Exchange To create a rice fish ecosystem in a ricefield, it is necessary to pay attention to the appropriate time and size of the system to ensure that the rice and fish are truly mutually beneficial.