For example, although aging is associated with a reduction in the number of neurons in the myenteric plexus, only subtle changes occur in gut motility under normal conditions. However, aging is associated with an increased prevalence of several GI disorders, including those induced by drugs. Therefore, clinically significant abnormalities in GI function, including reduction in food intake, should be evaluated and not attributed to aging. The presentation of some GI disorders may be atypical in the elderly, possibly reflecting a reduction in visceral perception. Oral Region Taste sensation decreases with age.
Elderly persons demonstrate an impaired ability to identify food by taste.
A number of drugs and diseases can also affect taste, and reversible causes of taste impairment must always be considered. Although dentition may be well preserved in the absence of caries and periodontal disease, poor dentition is a major contributor to impaired chewing and reduced caloric intake. A modest decrease in saliva production occurs with age. The significance of this change is uncertain, although it has been suggested that susceptibility to esophageal mucosal injury may increase. In healthy persons, aging has only minor effects on esophageal motor and sensory function.