Electronic packaging is integral to all electronic systems.
Each chip in a computer, for instance, is nestled in a protective plastic, composite, or ceramic carrier, engineered to hold the chip, with hundreds of tiny metal connections to feed power and transfer data. Packaging also removes head, which can damage a chip. These chips are carried in a computer card, which in turn plugs into a larger circuit board that interconnects several cards. In most electronic systems, about half of the cost is for various levels of packaging.