We suggest, based on the available literature, that both possibilities exists. In this grant we examine the performance of stuttering individuals along a number of dimensions reflecting a sampling of cognitive, linguistic, and sensorimotor capabilities. The empirical techniques include the kinematic examination of articulator motion, electromyographic analysis of orofacial muscle activity, the examination of responses to mechanical and auditory disruptions during speaking, reaction times associated with increasing linguistic complexity and attentional demands, and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging during language processing and production. The research focuses on both theoretical and practical issues in order to maximize its impact on understanding the disorder. NIH Grant DC-03102.
Experiments explore benchmark classes of intergestural timing phenomena.
The results are being used to incorporate a dynamics of relative timing and of intergestural cohesion into the model. In addition, experiments test an assumption of the model regarding spatial aspects of articulatory variability, in particular, that targets of articulatory gestures are spatial points rather than regions. Results from this research will be used to modify the model if required. NIH Grant DC-03663. This is a supplement to A-40, our program project that supports research conducted by Leonard Katz in collaboration with Elena Grigorenko on word recognition by dyslexic and normal Russian readers.