If untreated it can result in sterility. Hepatitis B and HIV are both also spread sexually and there is currently no cure for either infection. It is difficult to be sure about the risk of HIV infection in different parts of the world. However, it is clear that the infection is widespread and although the risk is high amongst homosexual and intravenous drug using groups, on a global scale, it is primarily a heterosexually spread disease. Large numbers of the population in many parts of Africa are infected and AIDS is common.
Infection is also widespread in other countries in Asia and South America.
High proportions of prostitutes are infected. Travellers should be aware that a person infected with an STD, HIV or Hepatitis B may appear perfectly healthy and may not even know that they are infected. Casual sexual intercourse is risky. Unprotected sexual intercourse should avoided with anyone other than a regular partner. Always use good quality condoms and carry them rather than try to obtain them at the last minute.