In addition, all human sensations and thoughts were a mechanistic result of the atoms in the brain. With the growth Enlightenment philosophy, naturalism emerged. Naturalism is actually Atheism. The universe is a closed system which functions only by cause and effect. Man is basically a highly evolved animal.
Human death is merely the ceasing of biological life, including the extinction of personality.
In this view, no human spirit, personality or mind continues beyond the death of the body. At death, human existence ends totally, except perhaps figuratively in the memory of others, and in genes passed down to offspring. All values are self-determined by man, and only exist in the mind of man. There is no natural moral law, and no absolute standard of right and wrong. Ethics stems from human need and interest.