Highlands are slow growing, yet have a hardy constitution. Their long, thick, shaggy coat and thrifty nature enable them to survive outdoors in the harshest weather. Because of their double coat, they do not put on a thick layer of fat for warmth. They require little shelter. A good stand of trees is sufficient for protection in winter weather, and shade in the heat of summer.
Highlands are basically a disease resistant breed.
Due to their long forelocks their eyes are shielded from insects so pinkeye is rare. They are extremely hardy and can thrive where other animals could not survive. They can make do with the poorest of grazing conditions, and need little or no feed supplements or grain to achieve and maintain good body condition. They can eat what other cattle pass up. They are excellent browsers, able to clear the thickest brush.