Some authors have speculated that environmental factors such as exposure to pesticides or strong magnetic fields increase the incidence, but there is currently no strong proof of this. At the same time, some authors have also hinted at a possible genetic correlation, but further studies need to be performed to determine the exact risk factors involved in canine lymphoma. Tumors that develop in the lymph nodes often present as swellings with no other symptoms. The gastrointestinal form often is accompanied with vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss and lack of appetite. These bumps can itch or be red and ulcerated .
Lymphoma is diagnosed with a combination of diagnostic tests.
Blood tests, fine needle aspirates of the tumor, biopsies , x-rays and ultrasound are all used to confirm the diagnosis of lymphoma. The exact tests performed will depend on the location of the tumor. The treatment for lymphoma in the dog consists of chemotherapy. Lymphoma is considered a systemic disease, which makes surgery and radiation impractical and ineffective. There is a wide variety of chemotherapy protocols and drugs that are currently being used to treat lymphoma.