What is Matter Chapter 2. Key Concepts Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
Kinetic energy is energy of motion.
It is related to the mass of the particle and the particle's speed. Potential energy is energy of position. In other words, it is not energy of motion but rather stored energy. Such as a rock on the top of a hill, the water in a dam, or the chemical energy stored in food. Heat energy is measured in calories.