Various roots and seeds, wild honey, and wild fruits are collected, the most important food source being the wild fruit, especially algarrobo, which is preserved and stored for later use. A beer used in the practice of magic is made from algarrobo. Because of unfavorable ecological conditions, there is limited agricultural activity. Beans, watermelons, manioc, and maize are grown, but the most important crop is squash. Domesticated animals include sheep, goats, dogs, and fowl.
Fishing is the most important economic activity.
Fish is the favorite food of the Mataco, and any surplus fish is dried and stored. Fishing with nets is common. The Mataco hunt tapir, wild pig, and various small animals with bows and arrows. Tools are made from bone and shell. Stone is not available.