The term gates does not necessarily have to be a physical one on all sides of the development. It seems to be essential that the subdivision be placed out of the way of through traffic and that some system be in place to discourage entry by those who do not have a legitimate reason to visit. Main entrances to gated communities may have a guard who checks cars or operates a gate. The gate could be automated and operated by way of magnetic cards, remotes or a keypad-entered code. The system might be passive but with warning signs that only residents and guests are allowed to enter.
Homeowners associations govern the communities.
The associations take on many of the duties of local government by maintaining community streets and common property, providing security and enforcing neighborhood bylaws and deed covenants. Most associations are able to collect periodic dues and special assessments from residents and can place a lien on the homes of delinquent payers. Most homeowners like to feel part of a community. They expend some effort to create or seek out enclaves of compatible neighbors and amenable surroundings. Viewed as part of this effort, gated communities can be seen as attempts to recreate the idealized small American town where everyone knows and cares about each other.