Although not addressed in the literature, the issue of cost-effectiveness of intervention is also a concern in this era of limited resources. An initial search of the literature indicates that a synthesis of the existing research evidence has not been undertaken. Consequently there is a need for a systematic review of the literature on the management of fever as it relates to nursing care. There is also no consensus as to what level of temperature differentiates moderate from high fevers. Direct ' cooling measures include cool baths, tepid sponging, cool flannels or ice packs to various parts of the body and removing clothing.
Environmental measures are the use of fans and reduction of room temperature.
Outcomes studied include the effect on occurrence of febrile convulsions length of hospital stay, increased comfort of the child and decreased parental anxiety. Based on a preliminary search of the literature, articles on the nursing management of fever fall into three main groups. Not surprisingly no randomised controlled trials on nursing management of fever were identified during the preliminary literature search although a more in depth search may uncover some. Studies will also be sought from non- nursing sources for evidence relevant to nursing care e.g. studies related to the effect of antipyretics on fever in children. To review all the available evidence on the nursing management of fever in children.