Soft tissue swelling traps the plaque in the pocket. Continued inflammation eventually causes destruction of the tissues surrounding the tooth. Because plaque contains bacteria, infection is likely and tooth abscess may also develop, which increases the rate of bone destruction. Good oral hygiene , including thorough tooth brushing and flossing, and regular professional dental cleaning, is the best means of prevention. The prevention and treatment of gingivitis reduces the risk of development of periodontitis.
Early symptoms resemble gingivitis .
Deposits of plaque and calculus may be visible at the base of the teeth, with enlarged pockets in the gums. The gums are usually painless or mildly tender, unless a tooth abscess is also present. Teeth may be loose and gums may be receded. Dental X-rays reveal the loss of supporting bone. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation, and to correct causative conditions.