A lot of earth-moving had to be done to clear them. Nevertheless, the management of the Nile waters was staggered and does not follow a distinct pattern. Development schemes on the Nile have historically been developed as, when and where the need arose. The result is that some Nilotic countries do not enjoy the food security that development projects addressed. The future is even more bleak.
Individual countries develop and manage their own isolated projects in the absence of a master plan.
There are still numerous projects in the pipeline. Further projects spell further degradation. The main players have traditionally been engineers and politicians, and other disciplines have seldom been consulted, social scientists included. This is a public posting area. Your e-mail address is optional.