No mandate or capacity to impose a political solution on the belligerents. Namibia, Cambodia, former Yugoslavia, Somalia, and Mozambique. Far more ambitious in their objectives, which include disarming the warring factions, maintaining law and order, restoring civil government and its associated functions, setting up and supervising elections, and delivering humanitarian aid. Take place when fighting is still going on. Warring parties often do not want them.
Major arguments re.
Don t need rapid-deployment force in 2 and 3, because need to get consent of parties anyway. In 4, the troops would be hostage to their environments, in absence of political settlement. Only useful in very limited situations, e.g., Macedonia, where fate of soldiers rests on good will of the belligerents and the credibility of the UN in the eyes of the opposing factions. What will be the rules of engagement.