Interferons protect other cells from becoming infected by the virus.
Interferons also are produced if certain harmful chemicals and drugs enter the body. Researchers have tested interferons in the treatment of many diseases, including certain cancers. Alpha and beta interferon are produced by many types of cells throughout the body. Gamma interferon, also called immune interferon, is produced by white blood cells called lymphocytes. All three interferons are released by the cells within a few hours after a viral infection occurs.