Stroke is a cerebrovascular injury that occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a clogged or burst artery. Stroke is the number one cause of adult disability, and the third leading cause of death in the nation. Approximately two-thirds of all strokes occur in people age 65 years and older. While strokes occur in men more than women, women die more often as a result of stroke. Speech-language pathologists treat stroke survivors who experience impaired ability to swallow or difficulty expressing thought or understanding language as a result of the stroke.
Early intervention can optimize results of treatment for communication skills and swallowing.
L earning a second language can be an extremely rewarding experience. But parents attempting to teach their child a second language may have concerns about how and when to begin teaching their child. Most researchers agree that a child who is exposed to two languages at an early age, and simultaneously, will naturally learn to use both languages. ASHA can provide parents with materials that offer guidance on these topics. Parents teaching their child a second language who are concerned about the child's speech or language development should contact a bilingual speech-language pathologist with comprehensive knowledge of the rules and structure of both languages.