Knowledge of sandy-beach systems in Mozambique is also beginning to emerge. The characteristics of the beach system depend essentially on interactions between particle size parameters and wave action, with tides also playing a part. These physical interactions result in beach types ranging from reflective to fully dissipative, these two extremes representing different ecosystems and ecosystem functioning. Reflective beaches, lacking a surf zone and primary production, and with an impoverished macrofauna, are probably importers of material from the sea. Conversely, dissipative beaches, which may enjoy a high level of primary production in their extensive surf zones and a much higher diversity and biomass, are exporters.
Dunes are essentially terrestrial systems in which wind-driven sand transport is of key importance.
Sand exchange with beaches and their surf zones links these environments. West coast dunes appear to be greatly influenced by lack of rainfall. The most obvious feature of coastal dunes is the gradient they present from the sea landwards, this gradient being both physical and biological. The role of biological interactions in influencing community structure. The functioning and bionomic significance of the surf-zone s microbial loop.