Once shed, the small seeds with large wings are probably killed by fire unless they are covered with an insulating layer of soil. The response of Apache pine to fire was not described in the literature. Since regeneration of Apache pine is exclusively through seed, rates of regeneration are probably dependent on survival of mature trees within the burn and the proximity of seed trees. Seeds will germinate in mineral soil exposed by fire as long as adequate moisture is present. This increases the fire hazard in these communities.
Fire is the primary control for southwestern dwarf mistletoe infection.