As there are no comprehensive data on the status of the judiciary, these are not included in Table 2. SOE employees and the military are also excluded from Table 2, as there are many specific nuances and exceptions on employment status of these two groups. It is, of course, possible for all public employees to be treated as civil servants. Usually it is the same general labor law that governs employment contracts in the private sector. Civil servants can be given an over-arching duty to serve the state or the government of the day.
Legislation can also set out the arrangements for tenure and job security.
Civil servants generally have greater protections that require comprehensive legal and administrative due process before they can be dismissed. Disciplinary arrangements can also be covered by the legislation. Their employer can discipline general labor law employees in any legal manner subject to collective bargaining agreements, although judicial review is often possible under general labor law. By contrast, civil servants can be disciplined according to specific legislated disciplinary provisions. Rewards and wage-bargaining are often also covered by civil service legislation.