Small families of Black Prairie Dogs are called coteries. They communicate with each other through vocalizations, movement and expression. Their naturally social behavior may account for their wonderfully engaging and affectionate personalities when kept as domestic pets. Black Tailed Prairie Dogs are relatively small, weighing not more than four pounds. They range in length from 14 to 17 inches.
Females are typically smaller than males.
Their coloring is yellowish tan, with paler patches under their chins and on their bellies. Their short tails are ruddy colored at the base and the tip is black. Their ears are half hidden. They have large expressive. The Black Tailed Prairie Dog has a cheek pouch similar to those found in other rodents.