A physical state based on the amount and location of electrons and protons in matter. Matter with more electrons than protons is negatively charged. Matter that attracts free electrons is positively charged. Electron The negatively charged part of an atom. It orbits the atom's nucleus.
Electrons are very light compared to protons and neutrons .
The unit used to describe the total energy carried by a particle. Electrostatic analyzer An instrument that identifies particles by measuring the electrostatic deflection in the system. The amount of bending of a particle's flight path in a constant electric field. This property is used in an electrostatic analyzer. Element A material consisting of atoms , all with the same atomic number.