The most common neural tube defects are spina bifida and anencephaly. Spina bifida is a leading cause of childhood paralysis. Affected children have varying degrees of lower-body paralysis and bladder and bowel control problems. Anencephaly is a condition in which a baby is born with an underdeveloped brain and skull. Studies also suggest that folic acid may help prevent other birth defects as well, including cleft lip and palate.
Folic acid can also play other important roles during pregnancy.
It helps produce additional blood cells a pregnant woman needs, and is crucial to support the rapid growth of the placenta and the fetus. Other benefits of folic acid for women of all ages Recent studies suggest that folic acid may also help prevent heart disease and stroke. Other studies suggest that folic acid may help prevent certain cancers, especially colon cancer. While these studies are preliminary, they suggest that many people, not only women of childbearing age, may benefit from taking folic acid. This information was adapted with permission from materials developed by the March of Dimes.