Grommet is a metal ring place along the hoist of a flag to attach the halyard. Two piece metal grommets were first used in the US about the time of the Civil War or just after. They were usually steel until the late 19th century, when brass began to be used. Except for WWII, brass became common after about 1910. Three piece metal grommets were used between about 1880 and 1920, although never common and usually made of steel.
Ground is the background of a flag.
It is a small flag carried at the front or right of a military unit to guide marchers. Any small swallowtail. Halyard is a rope used to hoist and lower a flag. Header a heavy cloth strip, usually canvas, sewn to the hoist edge of a flag and often grommeted for hoisting. Heraldic Banner see banner.