However, these infections are more common or persistent in people with diabetes or AIDS and in pregnant women. People with an impaired immune system commonly develop candidiasis that spreads throughout the body. Symptoms and Diagnosis Symptoms of candidiasis vary, depending on which tissue is infected. Patches in the esophagus can make it difficult for a person to swallow or eat. An infection of the heart valves can cause a fever, a heart murmur, and enlargement of the spleen.
Many candidal infections are apparent from the symptoms alone.
For a definite diagnosis, a doctor must be able to see the fungi in a skin sample under a microscope. Samples of blood or spinal fluid that have been cultured may also reveal the presence of the Candida fungi. When candidiasis occurs only in the mouth or vagina, antifungal drugs may be applied directly to the area, or fluconazole can be taken orally. Candidiasis that has spread throughout the body is a severe, progressive, and potentially fatal disease that usually is treated with intravenous amphotericin B, although fluconazole is effective for some people. Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, can worsen candidiasis and must be controlled to help eradicate the infection.