Rwanda has a well-developed road network, but there are no railways. There are international airports at Kigali-Kanombe and at Kamembe. Kigali, the capital and largest city, had a population of 237,782 in 1993, but thousands died in the civil war. In peaceful times, agriculture, manufacturing, and trade are the major sectors of the economy. Large swamp areas have been reclaimed for use as plantations.
Livestock raising is common.
There are substantial reserves of tin, tungsten, beryl, and gold. A tin-smelting plant has been in operation at Karuruma since 1981. Principal manufactured products are cement, lye soap, sugar, beer, lemonade, footwear, and blankets. The country's chief exports are coffee, tea, cassiterite, and wolframite. Principal imports are machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum and petroleum products, and food.