Poor nutrition, including vitamin deficiency. Use of anticoagulants or aspirin. Protect the hand with padding if there is a risk of hand injury during participation in athletic activity. If you must compete before healing, use tape, padding, splints or a cast to prevent reinjury. Needle aspiration of blood from the hematoma if the hematoma is accessible.
Hyaluronidase hastens absorption of the blood.
Self-care for minor hematomas, or during the rehabilitation phase following serious hematomas. Physical therapy for serious hematomas. Your own observation of symptoms. Physical exam and medical history by a doctor for all except minor injuries. X-rays of the injured area to assess the total injury and to rule out underlying bone fractures.