Plasmodium parasites are highly specific, with humans as the only vertebrate host and Anopheles mosquitoes as the vectors. Despite initial success, there was complete failure to eradicate malaria in many countries because of a number of factors. Accurate information on the global incidence of malaria is difficult to obtain because reporting is particularly poor in areas that are known to be highly endemic. The global incidence of malaria is estimated to be nearly 120 million clinical cases each year, with nearly 300 million people carrying the parasite. The vast majority of malaria deaths occur in Africa.
Malaria is generally endemic in the tropics, with extensions into subtropic regions.
Malaria has long been among the most common diseases in the southeast Anatolia region of Turkey. The southeast Anatolia region is in upper Mesopotamia, covering Diyarbakir, SanliUrfa, GaziAntep, Adiyaman, Batman, Mardin, Siirt and Sirnak. The incidence of rupture of the spleen in malaria is poorly defined. Comparisons of cases that occur in the setting of natural or induced infection have most frequently been employed to investigate this issue. Natural infection is that acquired via a mosquito bite or transpla-centally.