Luciferin and luciferase occur in the salivary gland found below the sea firefly's lower jaw. Luciferin and luciferase are released into the sea water as granules. If the water is disturbed, the granules dissolve and blue light is emitted. Luciferin acts directly as a substrate in the generation of light. Luminescence occurs with the addition of oxygen in the presence of luciferase and salts.
Energy comes from many different sources in the ocean.
Bioluminescence is a common biological energy source. In this activity, students crush dried ostracods on a slide with a little water and observe bioluminescence. The fluorescent mineral demonstration is optional. Split the class into pairs or small groups for activity. For best effect, darken room before groups attempt to observe bioluminescence.