In other words, real characteristics trigger the nature of the transference disposition based on which neural network is activated. The introduction of two distinct memory systems has greatly increased the complexity of our understanding of transference. Explicit memory involves the recall of facts, episodes and ideas. Implicit, or nonconscious memory, is that which is observable in behavior but not part of conscious awareness. Implicit memory is associated with subcortical structures such as the basal ganglia and the cerebellum.
Explicit memory is associated with the hippocampus and temporal lobes.
Procedural and declarative memory can be either explicit or implicit. Transference can be thought of as involving implicit declarative and implicit procedural elements. Cognitive neuroscience also helps us understand the mode of therapeutic action more fully. Through psychotherapy or analysis, new associative linkages are created and previously weak linkages are strengthened. In addition, there is relative deactivation or problematic links in activated networks.