First, they must determine how their farming system can accommodate cover crops. In this way active plant growth occurs from March to November each year. Look for open periods in each field's rotation where a cover crop can be planted. The Rotation Timeline below illustrates opportunities for using cover crops in a corn, soybean and wheat rotation. There are many cover crop species.
Legume cover crops fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants and microorganisms can use.
Non-legume species recycle existing soil nitrogen and other nutrients and can reduce leaching losses. A combination of 2 or more types of cover crops may be beneficial for quick establishment and improved nutrient utilization. Seeding Seed cost, method of seeding, and method of killing the cover crop should also be considered. Often, farmers are able to grow their own cover crop seed and save on seed costs. Larger seeds, such as hairy vetch and winter peas can be planted through the normal hopper of a drill.