There are two main categories of midwives in the U.S., nurse-midwives, who are trained in both nursing and midwifery, and direct entry midwives, who trained as midwives without being nurses first. Within the category of direct entry midwives are several subcategories reflecting the varying legal status of these midwives in different states and the fact that until recently there was no nationally recognized credential available for direct entry midwives. Not required to be nurses. May or may not have a college degree. May or may not be certified by a state or national organization.
Legal status varies according to state.
Licensed or regulated in 14 states. In most states licensed midwives are not required to have any practice agreement with a doctor. Educational background requirements and licensing requirements vary by state. By and large maintain autonomous practices outside of institutions. Not required to be nurses.