For a while, scientists had been hopeful that beta carotene supplements might reduce smokers' risk, because eating foods containing the nutrient seems to help. Persistent cough, bloody sputum, chest pain, recurring pneumonia or bronchitis. Since 1987, lung cancer has killed more American women each year than breast cancer, which had been the most lethal malignancy in women for the previous 40 years. While rates of new cases and deaths from this cancer have leveled off in men, they continue to rise in women. That is probably because women took up smoking in larger numbers later than men.
Family history is another.
A few genes that increase colon cancer risk when mutated have been identified. About 1 in 300 Americans carries a version of the most commonly mutated of these. Surgery to remove the cancerous portion of the intestine, sometimes combined with radiation, chemotherapy. When the cancer has spread to distant organs, less than 7 percent. A low-fat diet with little red meat and lots of fruits and vegetables appears to be protective.