The optimal duration of a single practice session is determined by the learner. External conditions such as the search for a teacher will generally be overcome. Krampe looked at variations in the amount of time devoted to practice over the entire lifespan, taking data from several practice diaries that had been maintained for a long period. Addressing the theme of the conference, he then asked how differences between young and old experts might be explained. Practice can thus become a considerable burden, especially for older people.
Experts generally accumulate more overall practice time in their lives than do lay musicians.
She supported her claim with reference to rap singers. Mueller presented a scenario of responsible media-users who develop their own cultural practices, and who often cannot easily be integrated into existing cultural theories. An important aspect of self- socialization is the presentation of one's identity to others. For this purpose, young people often become members of groups that are defined by their musical taste. Mueller suggested that people who are themselves musically socialized are consequently more tolerant toward other musical styles.