A world that they see as being swept away by an inevitable process of globalisation. This world is, in fact, the worst product of a systematical, organised and orchestrated policy that started in 1979 in the United States, through measures aimed at increasing the interest rates in the United States. This policy continued with a series of measures aiming at deregulating the financial markets, mainly those in the largest industrial countries. In a nutshell, this policy's aim was to restore the interest rates, to boost the rise of the interest rates and the rates of profit on capital and to restore the position of the owners relatively to the managers. During a phase that could be called Keynesian, the managers had taken up too much space inside the relations of domination.
Finance now intervenes relatively little in the functioning of the industrial field.
We know, for example, that the contribution of the stock exchange to investments is extremely weak. And it is on these free financial flows, and on the institutions that favour them, that we must regain the control. But maybe that a simple means of control such as the Tobin tax, to which I am of course favourable, is not enough. I think that such a measure is insufficient and the question that I would like to ask today is the question of installing real permanent controls over the processes. Beforehand, I would like to say that this globalisation policy is not at all inevitable.