For that rea son frequent observation is required. The third phase, and one most often neglected, is that of long-term postoperative care . During this phase, routine postoperative procedures such as regular observation of the surgical site, suture removal, observation for return to normal motor function, dressing changes, physical therapy if indicated, etc., should be followed. Careful observation by trained personnel is the key to good postoperative care. Frequency of monitoring is determined by the nature of the surgical procedure and the stage of recov ery.
Immediate attention needs to be given to the animal's vital signs.
Cardiovascular and respiratory function must be checked and maintained. Specific details about monitoring can be found in Chapter 4, Principles of Anesthesia and Analgesia. Until the animal has recovered from anesthesia, it should be rotated or turned over every 30-60 minutes to facilitate respiration and avoid dependent edema. Postoperative recovery is best accomplished in a dedicated postoperative recovery room, ideally loc ated adjacent to the operating area and close to those persons responsible for postoperative monitoring. As in all animal rooms, this room should be easy to sanitize, equipped with cages designed to avoid injury to occupants and of appropriate size for th e species involved.