The authorities examine international and domestic mail, the security forces seldom use judicial warrants, and the police sometime force entry into private homes. The Constitution provides for freedom of speech and press, but journalists continue to practice self-censorship. One independent newspaper suspended publication for economic reasons, leaving only one regularly published independent newspaper, which nevertheless expressed strong criticism of the Government. Joao de Barros, former publisher of a defunct opposition weekly, was arrested and mistreated while attempting to depart the country in March. Two private radio stations began broadcasting in Bissau, bringing the total to four.
Academic freedom is observed in schools and research institutions.
The Constitution provides for freedom of assembly and association. Government approval is required for all assemblies and demonstrations. All such requests have been granted. Various opposition parties held legal political rallies during the year. The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the Government respects this right in practice.