Characterizing features are hyperlinear palms and soles and polygonal fishlike scales, especially on the lower legs. Keratosis pilaris is characterized by asymptomatic horny follicular papules on the extensor surfaces of the upper arms, buttocks, and anterior thighs. Hand and foot dermatitis may be the only manifestation in adults and adolescents. Fissuring of the palms, soles, and fingers often occurs. Keratoconus is observed in severe cases.
Exact etiology is unknown but several triggers have been identified.
Anything that could dry the skin may exacerbate atopic dermatitis. Potential triggers include excessive bathing, hand washing, lip licking, sweating, or swimming. Contact with solvents, detergents, deodorants, cosmetics, and soaps can exacerbate the disease. Loose or poorly fitting clothing that constantly rubs the skin also can cause problems. Excessive or prolonged heat may trigger a flare-up.