The implementation phase would conclude with the completion of the product or service. Termination might conclude with the customer sign-off, completion of a lessons learned database, and collection of any historical documentation. By treating each phase as a project, we separate complex projects into more manageable pieces. The five process groups are initiation, planning, executing, controlling, and closing. The following is an example of what the processes would look like for an actual project.
Initiation begins with the customer's request.
However, the initiating process directs us to document our customer's request, perform an impact analysis, and meet with the customer to exchange expectations. In this example, executing and controlling are not significantly impacted by our requirements change. The product is built based on our new set of requirements, and measures would be used to direct corrective action as needed. Closing ensures that the customer's request to change requirements was documented to conclusion. The four primary knowledge areas are scope, time, cost, and quality.