The major types of burns are heat burns, sunburns, chemical burns and electrical burns. Heat Burns are classified as first degree, second degree and third degree. Sunburns are usually considered minor first or second degree burns and are the most preventable burn. Some more serious burns are chemical burns which can come from common household cleaning products and electrical burns which are usually from appliances, wires and electrical outlets. Most bruises require no extensive treatment and will usually disappear in a few days.
Bumps can be mild to serious with the most dangerous being a concussion.
If the bruise or bump is on the head, shin or where a bone is close to the skin, swelling is likely to occur. After a blow to the head, confusion and pupil constriction. Avoid applying heat in any form. A cold wet cloth should be applied for bruises around the eyes. Use a penlight to check pupils for constriction.