All local cases have been due to Plasmodium vivax . Cholera Reported in New Delhi . Tropical Medicine Close to Home Leptospirosis in Triathlon Participants in Illinois and Wisconsin . Acute phase serologic tests indicated leptospirosis in a significant number of ill patients. The Illinois athletes apparently were exposed during a 1.5-mile lake swim.
Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis that is endemic in most temperate and tropical climates.
Infected animals excrete the organism in their urine and the leptospiral spirochete may persist in fresh water, damp soil, vegetation, or mud. Humans acquire the infection through contact with this material. Public Health, Prevention, and Control Uruguay Declared Free of Chagas' Disease Transmission . The disease is transmitted there both by the insect in the home and by blood transfusions. A 1997 entomological and sero-epidemiological survey has shown that transmission has been interrupted throughout the country.