In general, a good history, physical examination, and neurologic exam will lead to the diagnosis. If the infant is lethargic, not following objects with their eyes, delayed in attaining normal milestones, or has had seizures, the lesion is usually of central origin. Central Causes of Hypotonia Disorders of the brain secondary to anoxia, bleeds, trauma, meningitis or encephalitis, structural abnormalities, chromosomal changes, and hypoglycemia. Diagnosis usually obtained through good history and physical examination. Hoffman syndrome- degeneration of anterior horn cells.
Infants are very alert and develop normal intelligence.
Tongue and muscle fasciculations are present. Movements are decreased and there is hyporeflexia Pompe's Disease- Glycogen storage in the anterior horn cells. Associated with cardiomyopathy and hepatosplenomegaly Poliomyelitis- Viral infection that destroys anterior horn cells. Have asymmetric weakness. May have bulbar involvement.