A more severe shock, such as the increases in oil prices during the 1970s, can have far-reaching consequences. But economies adjust to the new situation in a few years. Shifts, changes, and temporary fluctuations do not constitute business cycles. They are adjustments that economies have always endured. Since money is the connecting link between all economic activities, the answer must be sought there.
Economies exist because people exchange goods and services for money.
This means that economies are consumer driven. Everyone is a consumer, though not everyone is a producer. Producers spend money for land, buildings, machinery, resources, and workers. Money circulates through the economy as producers pay owners of land, builders of buildings, makers of machinery, sellers of resources, and a labor force. Products, when they are sold, circulate money back to the producers to keep production going.