Respiratory depression and impaired gag reflex are rare when used alone. Onset of action is 1-5 minutes for IV dose. Duration of action is 30-60 minutes for IV dose. Adverse effects include interactions with other sedatives, which commonly result in respiratory depression and loss of gag reflex, exacerbation of glaucoma, and paradoxical reactions. Respiratory depression and loss of gag reflex usually do not result if recommended doses are used.
Duration of action is long.
Onset of action is 5-10 minutes for IV dose. Duration of action is 4-8 hours. Onset of action is 1-5 minutes for IV dose and 15 minutes for IM dose. Duration of action is 30-60 minutes. It is not an effective medication for sedation or chemical restraint in the emergency department.