An experienced photographer working with a particular camera and a particular film in various lighting situations gets a feel for how to second-guess the meter. The color late in the evening and early morning is described as sweet light because it produces a warm soft glow that is flattering to many subjects. Each type of light has a different color balance. Daylight film is correctly balanced for direct sun and strobe lighting. On some films an open shaded scene is more bluish than a direct sun scene.
Fluorescent lights create a green bias and tungsten light bulbs create an orange bias.
Special color lens filters can correct for this. Photoshop also provides color correction tools, but digitally corrected images are often not quite as believable as the ones that are made correctly in the camera. Color Theory Black and white benefits by abstraction. It is less real and therefore feels more like art. Color can suffers from being too close to nature.