If the site has buildings that are being uncovered, an architect is needed who can draw plans and elevations of the architectural remains. A registrar will be appointed to catalogue the finds and be sure they are stored and labeled properly so they can be studied in the future. Excavations need diggers whose job it is to unearth the remains carefully and scientifically. Before excavation starts, the site must be carefully measured and divided into a grid usually made up of 3 x 3 meter squares. Archaeologist dig very neat square holes so that the finds they make can be carefully recorded and plotted on a map.
Archaeologists also dig in layers that relate to each level of human occupation or activity.
They are very careful not to mix the finds from one layer with another, and all finds are recorded and placed in plastic bags which are labeled with information about which grid square it came from, the date of its discovery, and what layer it belonged to. When objects are taken out the ground or from the sea, they become exposed to air that may affect their condition - some objects may begin to dry out, others may begin to rot or go moldy. Fragile objects need special handling which is usually done by a conservator who will help stop the process of decay. After the site has been excavated, a report must be written. If inscriptions have been found, they need to be deciphered.