Subscriptions are free. To subscribe, E-mail the words . . APHA is a professional society founded in 1872 representing all disciplines and specialties in public health. Further, industry should ensure that substitutes for existing products or changes in manufacturing processes will result in a lower risk, 5. In 1848-49, long before people knew that bacteria caused disease, an epidemic of cholera broke out in London.
Cholera causes vomiting and severe diarrhea leading quickly to dehydration, shock, and death.
A young physician, John Snow, made a map of the city and, on it, he plotted cases of cholera. Snow's crude epidemiological study revealed that 500 cases of cholera were clustered near a public water pump at the corner of Broad and Cambridge streets. The bacteria that causes cholera wasn't identified until 1884. We don't understand all the mechanisms by which chlorine is harming ecosystems, wildlife, and humans. From what is known, it seems clear that, if we wait for conclusive scientific proof, the destruction, which is already vast, may well become irreversible.