This is done by placing a special instrument through the sigmoidoscope to extract a tiny sample of the lining of the colon. This procedure is painless. If polyps or growths are found, your surgeon will usually request that you have a colonoscopy, which is a complete endoscopic examination of the entire colon. A colonoscopy is more suitable to remove polyps and enables the surgeon to check the remaining colon for any other polyps or lesions. Flexible sigmoidoscopy and biopsy are safe when performed by surgeons with appropriate training and experience in endoscopic procedures.
Complications are rare, however, they can occur.
They include bleeding from the site of a biopsy or a perforation, which is a tear through the lining of the bowel wall. It is important to contact your surgeon if you notice symptoms of severe abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, fevers, chill, or rectal bleeding equal to more than half a cup. Bleeding can occur up to several days after a biopsy. This brochure is not intended to take the place of discussion with your surgeon about the need for flexible endoscopy or the surgeon's explanation of the procedure. If you have questions about the exam or subsequent follow-up, please discuss them with your surgeon before or after the examination.