Starfish and humans share the deuterostome pattern of embryonic development, while insects are protostomes. Starfish and humans are both coelomate, while insects are not. All chordates are vertebrates. Some chordates are invertebrates. Only invertebrate chordates have post-anal tails and pharyngeal gill slits at some point in their development.
All chordates have jaws.
A cladogram is a. a branching diagram used by biologists to illustrate the order in which new traits were acquired during the course of evolution by groups of related organisms. A currently popular hypothesis on the origin of the vertebrates is based in part on a. the resemblance of larval mollusks to modern fish. A coelom is completely lined with tissue of mesodermal origin, while a pseudocoelom is not. A coelom is smaller than a pseudocoelom. Both deuterostomes and protostomes may have a pseudocoelom, while a coelom can be present only in protostomes.