There is also now broad support for a greater variety of types of ownership and encouragement for private entrepreneurs to develop their enterprises. This makes it easier for local communities and for the minority peoples to play a more active role in local development. Nevertheless, there are also many challenges. The implementation of national policies for regional development is sometimes very uneven, and the development funds for the regions and for poverty alleviation may be misappropriated or used in ways other than intended. As a result, some poor and backward areas may be slow to feel the benefits, and the local communities may not have much choice in how the funds are used.
Financial reform is now a crucial task, especially in the rural areas.
The banking system faces many risks, and there is a greater shortage of capital, especially at the basic level in the countryside, where communities need the capital for cultural and environmental work. Until a more open financial market is developed in the countryside, it will be difficult for local people to compete with outsiders in the development of cultural enterprises and tourism. The rapid growth of market forces has not been accompanied by a balanced development of laws and management processes. As a result, the focus of the reforms has been growth and efficiency. Problems of equity have often been set to one side, with the result that the needs of marginalized groups need more consideration.