By knowing the general conditions of this hierarchy it is possible to predict a system's structural order from other members of the hierarchy. A nuclear body creates the conditions around which the system forms. Properties of the system are created by assembly of the constituents. Since mass and charge originate with particles a model is devised composed of photons and neutrinos. The following unforeseen conditions were discovered to be necessary for the model to be consistent with known data and decay modes.
Energetic photons split and cyclize.
There is a threshold to the stability of the photon, below which it cleaves into opposed configurations that condense on themselves to form self-contained particles with electric charge. Neutrinos and antineutrinos have an electric charge. This unexpected result not only makes the hierarchical model possible, it makes the proton-neutron interconversion remarkably straightforward and consistent with beta decay. Motion M otion is nature's most fundamental variable. It is not something that is forced on nature, it exists as an intrinsic part of physical reality.