Each state has its own rules for classifying crimes and the degrees of crimes as well as the punishments for each. That is why it is best to consult an attorney who practices primarily in criminal law for advice and information regarding laws in your state. Virtually all carry minimum jail sentences in excess of one year. If the assault is caused by a dangerous weapon, or an attempt is made to cause death or serious injury, the crime is called aggravated assault. If the injury is minor or is done without a weapon, it may be classified as simple assault.
Homicide is divided into crimes of murder, voluntary manslaughter, and involuntary manslaughter.
After an arrest, an arraignment or initial appearance is conducted. An arraignment is a proceeding whereby an accused person is brought before a judge to hear the charges filed against him or her, and to enter a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest. In some states, an arraignment is the same as a preliminary hearing, where a judge determines whether enough evidence exists to proceed to trial. Other states conduct grand juries for the same purpose. During these pretrial stages, the accused may file motions through an attorney.