Fill in the following table for the effect of an increase in carotid sinus pressure. Be sure to draw a labeled diagram to illustrate your answer. Describe the different obligatory osmotic exchanges confronting marine and fresh water bony teleosts and describe the necessary regulatory osmotic exchanges. A tadpole excretes ammonia but after metamorphose to the terrestrial adult excretes urea. Briefly explain why this development change would be expected.
Countercurrent exchange is important in respiration, temperature regulation and excretion.
A decrease in P O2 is detected by the chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies, explain what effect this will have on ventilation.