The questionnaire assessed various behaviors relating to alcohol including its use during or outside meals and binge drinking, defined as five or more drinks in a row. A significantly higher number of males reported drinking alcohol outside of meals and binge drinking than females, and males were also more likely to report impaired driving and consequences after drinking alcohol than females. A logistic regression model was used to determine correlates of binge drinking using demographics, health-risk behaviors, and leisure activities. The model confirmed being a male as one of the strongest correlates, but also included first drinking alcohol before age 17, marijuana use, living away from parents, cigarette use, having multiple sex partners, and exercising. The results indicate that alcohol use is prevalent among university students and is related to the use of other substances.
Further investigation is warranted with particular attention paid to gender as a determinant of use.
The drivers rated the extent to which they found drinking and driving to be personally rewarding, their perceived vulnerability to the risks, the response efficacy of alternative adaptive responses to drinking and driving, their self efficacy for implementing alternative responses, and the response costs associated with the responses. The PMT model was found to predict intentions to drink and drive. Young drivers who perceived rewards for drinking and driving and who felt vulnerable to the risks of drinking and driving were significantly more likely to report intentions to drink and drive. Attitudes about alternative adaptive responses to drinking and driving, including perceiving low self-efficacy for implementing alternative responses and perceiving personal costs for engaging in alternative options, also contributed to drivers' intentions to drink and drive. Although teenaged drivers are well informed of the dangers of drinking and driving, they still but themselves and others at risk by driving after consuming alcohol.