Basically, organic farmers must work with the natural living system on their farm, supplying their soil with the proper balance of organic matter to feed the soil critters, which in turn feeds plants that ultimately give us our nourishment every day. There are a few organic pesticides that are relied on only when absolutely necessary. Usually the organic pesticides are plant-derived, like Pyrethrum, a spray made from an African daisy, that is used to control beetles. It is actually quite toxic at the time of application and the farmer must be very careful when using it, but it biodegrades rapidly and is most frequently used in selective locations on targeted pests. Biological pest control is another way for organic farmers to combat pests by introducing live organisms into their farm ecosystem that prey on the offensive garden pest.
Ladybugs are a well-known biological control used to suppress aphids.
It is sprayed onto the leaves where the caterpillar is feasting. Bt should never be used on a large scale because it kills all caterpillars that ingest it, including innocent bystanders like the beautiful monarch butterfly. Through careful observation and a lot of hard work an organic farmer is able to grow wholesome, chemical-free food for the consumer. This waiting period can be bypassed or shortened if the farmer can provide evidence about the last dated application of chemicals to their land. They can also have their soil tested for chemicals and if it is found to be chemical free, they can be certified immediately.