Hemorrhag into the brain, eyes, skin and mucous membranes can result from severe paroxysms and consequent anoxia. Otitis media is frequent. Prophylaxis Active immunization is given routinely to most children combined with diphtheria, tetanus and polio regime. Passive immunization is unreliable and is not recommended. Treatment Hospitalization is recommended for seriously ill infants because expert nursing care is important.
Bed rest is unnecessary for older children with mild disease.
Seriously ill infants should be kept in a darkened, quiet room and disturbed as little as possible , since any disturbance can precipitate serious paroxysmal spells with anoxia. Antibiotics should be used only for bacterial complications such as bronchopneumonia and otitis media.