Two of their past three wars have been over the Himalayan region. India declared a unilateral ceasefire in Kashmir last November and has extended it thrice. But most guerrilla groups there have rejected the truce, and violence has continued. An estimated 30,000 people have been killed in the 11-year revolt in the region. India controls about 45 percent of Kashmir, while Pakistan controls over a third.
China holds the rest.
Besides the territorial dispute, India and Pakistan have also tried to show off each other's military prowess with nuclear tests that began in May 1998. Pakistan is the Islamic world's first nuclear power and the world's seventh. Reuters contributed to this report. Reuters contributed to this report. An AOL Time Warner Company.