Drugs, such as aspirin or Coumadin can be extremely beneficial in stroke reduction. Certain nutrients have shown benefit in reducing the risk of stroke. As noted above, treatment of hyperlipidemia can have a clear beneficial effect on lowering risk of cerebrovascular disease. Some studies have indicated that vitamin C has some protective effect against stroke. Quite clearly eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables can lower risk of stroke.
Fish consumption is associated with a reduced risk of stroke mortality.
Finally, an emerging factor that is getting more attention in the medical literature relates a chemical in the blood stream known as homocysteine. Elevations in homocysteine appear to increase the risk of both heart attack and stroke. Elevations in homocysteine can usually be effectively treated with vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and folic acid. There is a role for surgery for the prevention of stroke. Individuals who develop a narrowing or stenosis of the carotid arteries can reduce their risk of future stroke by surgical correction of the blockage, known as carotid endarterectomy.