Having light hair or brown eyes, or being tall, all of these are inherited traits. One of the first people to study inherited traits was a scientist named Felix Mendel. He began an experiment involving pea plants in 1857. He cross-bred two distinct varieties of pea plants and observed the traits of the offspring of a mix of those pea plants. His results showed that the traits he observed in the parent plants were passed on to the offspring in fixed patterns.
Genes are the biological plan for the construction of all living things.
They contain all the information the organism needs to construct its body, and to give it some of its unique characteristics. Your body is built according to the plans laid out in your genes. Generally, each gene is responsible for one function. In the human body, which has many complicated systems, many different genes contribute to give the body instructions on how to function. DNA contains messages that the body reads like an instruction book.