Black, needle-like spines arise along the trunk. Manganese deficiency can occur in alkaline soils. Maintain pH within recommended limits. Growth rate is medium fast. Growth rate is medium.
Growth rate is medium slow.
Polyanthas have large flower clusters but each flower smaller than floribundas. Grandifloras have long-stemmed flowers. Growth rate is fast. Can spread up to 15 feet in a few years. Good for city and seaside.