The individual research groups offer additional postgraduate courses and seminars. These are listed in a special list which is published yearly. The graduate student and the supervisor decide together which of these courses should be taken. However, to be counted as a part of the Ph.D. degree, the grade has to be at least 4 or equivalent. Special courses Special courses are chosen so that all courses add up to a total of 40 points For certain lines of study, some special courses and additional semi-compulsory courses can be considered compulsory courses.
Courses take at summer schools and the like can be included in the degree.
The scientific work for a licentiate degree should result in a licentiate thesis. This can be either in the form of a monograph or as a compilation of scientific articles. The requirements regarding the scope and degree of independent work is lower than for the Ph.D. degree. The scientific work for a doctoral degree should result in a doctoral dissertation. This can be either in the form of a monograph or as a compilation of scientific articles.