The branches often but not always have distinctive, branching thorns, not found on other trees that are native to North America. The leathery seed pod grows to 1 to 1.5 feet in length. This tree grows on rich, moist bottomlands, slopes, and meadows. It is found throughout Ohio, being especially abundant in the southwestern part of the state. The wood is hard, strong, and durable, and is used for posts, rails, railroad ties, and sometimes in general construction.
Honeybees feed on nectar from the inconspicuous flowers.
Cattle relish the seed pods, and the seeds are eaten by some wildlife.