It is a multifaceted equestrian sport in which contestants compete in timed events using two single-action revolvers loaded with blank ammunition to burst balloons while negotiating a specified course on horseback. It is a combination of Wild West show exhibition shooting, cavalry drills, reining competition, barrel racing, and historical reenactment. A truly unique aspect of the sport is the emphasis placed on period clothing, firearms, and other equipment typical of that available in the American west during the late 19th Century. The Cowboy Mounted Shooters show neighborly concern, true community spirit, and gentlemanly manners reminiscent of those of Roy Rogers and Gene Autry. Don't be surprised if a kindly stranger offers you his chair at a match, if a cowboy in chaps and spurs takes time to answer questions from newcomers, or if a cowgirl in a special split skirt introduces her horse to you and explains the anatomical challenges of female shooters.
Contestants are competitive yet supportive of each other.
One cowboy, whose mount was inclined toward a career as a saddle bronc, was helped out by a more experienced competitor who led the way through the course at an informal match. Safety is of primary concern at CMSA matches. All firearms must remain unloaded until the contestant is called to the loading area. Contestants are not permitted to have live ammunition, and they must meet a certain shooting and horsemanship skill level before qualifying to compete. There are stringent rules prohibiting competitors from ingesting alcohol or any other substance which may affect their ability to participate in a completely safe manner.