These gases act like the glass covering a greenhouse, letting sunlight in but blocking some of the infrared radiation from the earth's surface that carries heat back into space. The gases act like a blanket wherever their concentration increases. Local concentrations increase local heat and increased differences between hotter and colder regions drives weather events into more extreme ranges. Over many years, the total amount of these gases accumulates and the average temperature of the whole planet is increasing. Global warming means that the earth retains more of the sun's heat over time.
Heat drives weather and increased heat means increased turbulence in the atmosphere.
What the consequences might be have to do with the distribution of this extra heat and its effect on ocean and air circulation patterns. We can accept paradoxical weather results as the extra heat makes systems more unstable. Weather in its simplest form is the expression of heating and cooling effects. When wind blows the roof off a house, the energy required was supplied by the sun. The energy may have been stored briefly in the water of a lake or ocean and then expressed through evaporation of the water and heating of the air.