Proper surgical repair is necessary to maintain normal eyelid function and tear drainage. A common eye injury requiring medical care is a scrape of the outer surface of the eye known as a corneal abrasion. Fingernails, contact lenses, and paper edges frequently cause abrasions. Corneal abrasion may also be caused by airborne particles that strike the eye during drilling, hammering, or working with cars. These kinds of injuries tend to be quite painful, usually prompting immediate eye examination.
Evaluation consists of viewing the eye under a special microscope.
Close observation of the eye at regular intervals is then necessary to monitor for infection. One of the most serious injuries of the eye is a chemical burn. Many household products, such as drain and floor cleaners, contain alkali and should be used with extreme caution and be kept out of the reach of children. The leading cause of acid burns is an exploding car battery. After irrigation, emergency medical care should be sought at once.