The major disadvantage of cryosurgery is the uncertainty surrounding its long-term effectiveness. Furthermore, because the effectiveness of the technique is still being assessed, insurance coverage issues may arise. Additional studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of cryosurgery in controlling cancer and improving survival. Data from these studies will allow physicians to compare cryosurgery with standard treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Moreover, physicians continue to examine the possibility of using cryosurgery in combination with other treatments.
Cryosurgery is widely available in gynecologists' offices for the treatment of cervical neoplasias.
A limited number of hospitals and cancer centers throughout the country currently have skilled physicians and the necessary technology to perform cryosurgery for other precancerous and cancerous conditions. The CIS, a program of the National Cancer Institute, is a nationwide telephone service for cancer patients and their families, the public, and health care professionals. They can answer questions in English and Spanish and can send free printed material. In addition, CIS offices serve specific geographic areas and have information about cancer-related services and resources in their region.