This results in a smaller than normal glottic diameter, which interferes with air flow primarily during inspiration. The abnormal tracheal mechanism also produces turbulent airflow, resulting in low grade, chronic trauma to the tracheal mucosa. Laryngeal paralysis is typically idiopathic and associated with denervation of the intrinsic laryngeal musculature. Common clinical signs include a progressive stridor, exercise intolerance, and sometimes a voice change. These signs can progress slowly over months to years, so this can be a cryptic disorder in more mildly affected animals.
Laryngeal paralysis can be an emergency situation if the dog is unable to breathe.
Definitive treatment for laryngeal paralysis involves surgery. If a dog is in a respiratory crisis situation, emergency intervention is essential. A dog in this situation is typically sedated to decrease anxiety, and an endotracheal tube might be placed so that oxygen can be administered. Often, sedation is sufficient to calm the dog down enough to allow improved breathing.