Do not comment on what the survivor should have done or tell him or her what to do now. Learn about common reactions to traumatic experiences and about resources by attending classes, viewing films, reading books, searching the Internet, or talking to a counselor. Friends can let the survivor know that they are there to listen and give support when the survivor is ready. Believe the survivor and validate his or her feelings and reactions. Friends can share their feelings honestly and openly and reassure the survivor of their love and concern.
Friends can also communicate their support through their behavior.
Because the survivor may feel uncomfortable with physical contact, it is helpful to ask before touching or hugging him or her. Follow the survivor's lead on when to talk about it and when to take a break. Allow time for mutual relaxation and pleasant activities. This support may come from other friends and family members, religious institutions, support groups, self-help resources, crisis counseling agencies, or trained mental health professionals. This requires patience.