Natural or human-caused changes benefit some species and are detrimental to others. Each wildlife species is suited to different forest conditions. Some wildlife species prefer mature forests, others prefer clearings, and many rely on a mix of different forest age classes and densities. Forests can be managed to meet the needs of many species, from salamanders and songbirds to elk, salmon, and bears. Wildfire is a major force in Idaho's forests.
Fire is a primary shaper of Idaho forests, determining age, density, and species present.
Human interruption of the natural cycle can affect the health of the forest and lead to catastrophic conditions if no other actions, such as thinning, ate taken. The Idaho Forest Practices Act regulates logging and related activities. Enacted in 1974, this law protects water quality by regulating how roads are built and pesticides are applied on all forested lands in the state. It also requires that all harvested lands be reforested. Idaho is one of a few states with such laws.