Hypertension stimulates baroreceptors in the carotid sinus, aorta and cerebral vessels. This causes the parasympathetic nervous system to be stimulated, which attempts to restore the BP back to normal. Vasoconstriction below the level of the cord injury causes the hypertension to persist. SIgns and Symptoms Vasoconstriction causes hypertension and decreased peripheral circulation below the level of the cord injury. Vasodilation above the level of the cord injury causes facial flushing, headache, nasal congestion, blurred vision, nausea and diaphoresis.
Inhibition causes bradycardia.
Treatment Find and remove cause. If fecal impaction is the cause, blood pressure control is the priority. Topical anaesthetic agents should be applied rectally until the blood pressure is controlled. Prevention Maintain meticulous bowel routine. Careful skin inspection and frequent position changes.