Cholera vaccine is not recommended for infants under 6 months old, or for pregnant women. The virus is inactivated by boiling or cooking to 85 degrees centigrade for one minute, therefore eating thoroughly cooked foods and drinking only treated water serve as general precautions. Hepatitis A vaccine is preferred for persons who plan to travel repeatedly or reside for long periods of time in intermediate or high risk areas. Immune globulin is recommended for persons of all ages who desire only short term protection. CDC recommends hepatitis A vaccine or IG for protection against hepatitis A. For travelers over 18 years of age, hepatitis A vaccine should be given in a two dose series with the second dose administered 6-12 months after the first. .
Immune globulin is recommended for persons of all ages who desire only short term protection.
Travelers to the Southern African region are at risk of parasitic infections. Several types of parasites can penetrate intact skin and travelers are advised to wear shoes and avoid swimming, wading, or washing in fresh water . AIDS is found throughout the Southern African region. However, little information is available regarding the rates of infection or the extent of risk behaviors. Receipt of unscreened blood for transfusion poses a risk for HIV infection.