Hirakawa et al. They concluded that both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are activated by this condition. CGRP and other modulators that originate in the laryngeal endocrine cells may modulate the sensory and autonomic nervous system. In conclusion, laryngeal endocrine cells may be modulated by CO 2 rather than O 2 . Furthermore, the endocrine cells and the nervous system may regulate each other by an axon reflex mechanism.
Endocrine cells appear to be very important in the local regulation of the laryngeal mucosa.
We wish to thank Ms K. Haraguchi of the Department of Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, for hypoxic animal husbandry.