Immediate reinforcement is best. Any reinforcement is better when used in moderation. Actual feelings of success are superior to teacher praise. Punishment helps to remember what to avoid but may not help to know what would have been better. Practice without knowledge of results brings little or no improvement.
Individuals vary widely in the way they respond to knowledge of results.
The more detailed and positive the feedback, the greater the progress of the learner. Consistent failure slows learning and causes poor behavior. The effect of failure is cumulative. Introducing progressively more difficult tasks in which the learner succeeds is the way to correct ineffective behaviors developed from failure.