A good range consists of predominately mature, mixed pine-hardwood stands, interspersed with field and grassy openings. Habitat for turkeys must offer sufficient seeds, nuts, and other energy-rich food sources during fall and winter. Hardwood mast, particularly oaks, is used extensively during this time. Dietary preferences shift to leafy vegetation, animal matter, grass seeds, and soft fruits during spring and summer. Much of these needs are satisfied by feeding in fields, forest openings, and around the edges of such habitat types.
Hens prefer to nest in brushy areas that offer good cover.
Nesting covers and protective covers for adult turkeys are usually plentiful in South Carolina. However, protective cover for poults can be critically limited. The survival of turkey broods is influenced by the quality of habitat used. Broods less than two weeks old need access to areas that give good overhead cover and protection from predators. Broods in good habitat experience fewer losses than those in poor habitat.