Ozone has been shown to cause inflammation of lung tissue and reduced lung capacity. Development of asthma, increased lung cancer mortality rates, and accelerated lung aging have all been linked to ozone exposure. Ozone reduces the respiratory system's ability to fight infection and remove foreign particles such as particulate matter. Segments of the population that are more susceptible to ozone pollution include children, athletes, senior citizens, and people with pre-existing respiratory problems. Hydrocarbons are a class of reactive organic gases or ROG, which are formed solely of hydrogen and carbon.
Hydrocarbons contribute to the formation of ozone and the resulting smog problem.
Carcinogenic forms of hydrocarbons are considered hazardous air pollutants, or air toxics. The incomplete burning of any organic matter such as oil, wood, or rubber produces hydrocarbons. Combustion engine exhaust, oil refineries, and oil-fueled power plants are the primary sources of hydrocarbons. Another source of hydrocarbons is evaporation from petroleum fuels, solvents, dry cleaning solutions, and paint. The primary health effect of hydrocarbons results from the formation of ozone and its related health effects.