Others work with power companies or shipping companies to try to reduce the cost associated with inclement weather. Consulting meteorologists usually need to have a B.S. or M.S. in meteorology, and may find a Ph.D. helpful. They also need some work experience before becoming an independent consultant. Climatologists collect weather records and produce summaries of the records. Most states have a State Climatologist who provides state officials with future weather predictions.
Many climatologists are members of college or university faculties and do research with their data.
Faculty members need a Ph.D. in meteorology or atmospheric science.