Increased respiration and heart rate with acute pain. Chronic pain results in an unkempt inactive bird with anorexia and weight loss. An increase in ventilation pattern. Excessive movement of the fins. An accumulation of fish at the surface of the tank.
Acute pain is a pig usually is shown by a change in gait or posture.
May be reluctant to move, seek isolation when possible. Increased vocalization when handled. If in the future a protocol is approved using other species appropriate information will be added to these guidelines.