However, they can be listed on the grant in an unpaid role. However, in order to maintain the distinction between training and research grants for government accounting purposes, and between employees and trainees because of Internal Revenue Service issues, the Health Sciences will only allow trainees to be paid from research grants under certain circumstances. The agency announcement must clearly indicate that the award is, in part, intended to support a training mission and the grant proposal and budget can be tailored to distinguish research from training. This is the mechanism by which funding for most graduate students and post-doctoral trainees is obtained. In rare instances, individuals supported by training grants may receive additional compensation from another funding source for duties unrelated to the training grant.
Fellowships are available for individuals with varying degrees of experience.
The principal difference between a fellowship and a training grant Is that the former is awarded for a specific individual and the latter is awarded for the training of unnamed individuals. Career Development Awards are given to investigators who have already established their research credentials and are looking for a stable source of salary funding which will enable them to devote their efforts to research. 2.1.1.3 Service S ervice grants are awarded when the work proposed is to provide a given product or result and limited creativity is required. Alternately, a service grant can be utilized to hire an individual's services for a specific task. For example, the government sometimes issues an Interpersonal Service Agreement to hire an individual on a temporary basis when they have need of some special expertise.