Application Used alone, in combination with each other, or in combination with haloperidol. Used extensively in ungulates. The side-effects in primates and carnivores are unpredictable. There is a species difference in response, as with the opioids. Effect starts half to one hour after injection and can last up to three days.
Effect starts approximately ten hours after injection, and lasts seven to ten days.
Advantages Prolonged tranquillization following one injection. These drugs must be supplemented with short-acting drugs if an immediate effect is desired. Loss of fear of people, especially in the larger antelope species. Application Mainly crocodilians. Antidote normally used.