As I have mentioned there are several hormones that will raise the glucose level, with glucagon being the most effective. Insulin is made in the pancreas, and I repeat, is the only hormone that lowers glucose. The pancreas senses glucose levels under about 80 and releases only a low level of insulin. After you eat and the glucose level goes up the pancreas senses this and releases insulin in order to lower the glucose. Food can be divided into 3 component parts - Protein, Fat, and Carbohydrate.
Carbohydrates are sugars.
The body runs on glucose, one of the forms of sugar. Your small intestine will absorb the carbohydrate from your food. Most of the absorbed carbohydrate will be in the form of glucose. The rate of absorption will depend on what it came from. Some carbohydrates are absorbed more slowly that others.