These reactions are fast. A bond is formed between the carbon bearing the chlorine and the nitrogen. The chlorine appears as an anion, and the nitrogen acquires a positive charge. These reactions are much slower than those which make and break bonds to hydrogen. If the nitrogen in the ammonium ion is bonded to four carbons, it is called a quaternary ammonium ion, and its combination with an anion is called a quaternary ammonium salt.
Amines are well represented among biologically important molecules.
It is conventional to write the compound in basic amine form, though. We'll look at the math of this later.