Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
Infected plants turn yellow and are stunted.
Some of the large roots may have a dark brown, water-soaked appearance. In the later stages of infection, plants remain severely stunted and yellowed and may collapse. Invasion by secondary rot organisms results in soft rots and hollowed cavities in the plant crowns. Aster yellows also causes similar yellowing and stunting. However, aster yellows usually causes severe petiole twisting and lacks the vascular discoloration caused by Fusarium yellows.