Although many more than two miners participated in the slaughter, two were found guilty on the grounds of genocide and are now serving prison terms. The decision against these challenges was upheld. The Terra Indigena Yanomami was created by Brazil in 1992. Today, in addition to goldminers, ranchers have invaded the eastern regions of the territory, and several military outposts are located alongside traditional Yanomami villages. Roads cut through the Yanomami territory, bringing alcohol and prostitution.
Malaria continues to be a cause of high morbidity and mortality rates in both Brazil and Venezuela.
These assaults deserve serious debate within our discipline, and action on the part of engaged scholars and citizens.