Intracranial pressure may become high enough to cause fatal brainstem herniation.
Hospitalization is required until the condition is stabilized.
Antimicrobials are given, initially through a vein, then by mouth. Between 2 and 6 weeks of medication are usually required. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the most common antimicrobial prescribed. Multiple medications may be used together. Osmotic diuretics such as urea or mannitol are used to reduce swelling of the brain.