Both degrees of breastfeeding enhance contraception through a variety of physiologic mechanisms. The FSH level returns to normal within 30 days and the nonbreastfeeding mother usually resumes ovulation by six weeks postpartum. However, breastfeeding usually prolongs anovulation because FSH and LH production are inhibited by the intense suckling of the infant. 2 Nipple stimulation sends nerve impulses to the hypothalamus triggering beta endorphin release. 2 Breastfeeding mothers need to consider the physiologic, contraceptive effects of breastfeeding within the context of three broad choices for preventing pregnancy.
Condoms are inexpensive, easily accessible, and hygienic.
However, advantages and disadvantages are related to their composition. Condoms made of sheepskin may provide more sensitivity for the user, but can break easily and provide less protection from disease. Spermicides, such as nonoxynol-9, when used in conjunction with condoms, further enhance contraception. Although minute amounts of the spermicide may be found in breastmilk, there are no known adverse effects to the breastfed infant. Although also due to reduced estrogen levels, vaginal irritation can result from some spermicides.