In most cases routes follow a recognised track, but, in areas of mineral exploration these can get confusing. A good navigator always has a finger on the map and never makes assumptions. Desert driving is technically simple. Tracks are mostly well formed and level, natural obstacles are avoided, and visibility and weather are usually perfect. About 200 kilometres per day is an average maximum in the Sahara.
Dunes are another matter, demanding an incompatible blend of momentum and caution.
At times crests must be laboriously checked first on foot to prevent disastrous tumbles. GPS is of minimal use as passable routes change, but reducing your tyre pressures to 30 per cent transforms your vehicle's traction. In my experience a powerful compressor to control tyre pressure is far more useful than sand ladders. Short range radios are also a boon, but may need to be discretely used and hidden from prying officials. Ancient rock art at Wadi Mathenous in Libya.