Palay production has contributed much to the income gathered from agricultural products. Sugarcane is the next important produce of the province. Corn, tobacco, fruits, and tubers, the minor crops of Tarlac, are also planted in these areas. Along the extreme eastern section where the boundaries of Tarlac and Nueva Ecija meet, the soil is sticky, slightly plastic and compact making internal drainage very poor. Most of the lands here are irrigated palm.
Irrigation systems are either communal or pulm types.
Sources of water are the Tarlac River, o'Donnel River, and the San Miguel River. Toward the west in the rolling upland region of the province, soils are formed from sandstones of poor to medium fertility and poor memerability. Some rice fields in this area can also be found as well as orchards, corn fields, vegetable farms and root crop plantations. In the boundaries of Tarlac and Zambales are forest lands that provide timber for the logging industries. Livestock and poultry population has not had a significant increase from the headcount in 1960.