Graph 4 Cost of Compliance with SDWA Stage 1 For disinfection against cryptosporidium, ClO 2 has been tested extensively by Dr. Gordon Finch at the University of Alberta. C.and pH between 6.5-8.5. At very low temperatures, ClO 2 is not effective. ClO 2 is produced on site using a generator. In all of these cases, the product ClO 2 is not pure.
Excess chlorine is needed to drive the reaction to completion .
Graph 5 Field Study. These reactions will occur also in the treated water, so that the efficacy of disinfection is lower . The conclusion is that ClO 2 for disinfection should be as pure as practically possible. The perstraction membrane will only pass components which exert vapor pressure. This system was developed in the laboratory in Toronto, and will be field tested in Ontario in the autumn of 1999.