While food plots are controversial in their actual benefits to wild turkeys, they are more biologically sound than are supplemental feedings. Supplemental feeding, placing grain or feed out, can be detrimental to turkey populations, because it tends to concentrate flocks, making them more susceptible to poaching and predators, and facilitates the transmission of parasites and diseases. Range size in South Carolina is related to the amount, availability, and condition of critical habitat components. Turkeys in poor habitat may range over several thousand acres. Extensive tracts of land are needed to retain large populations of turkeys year-round, but turkeys can be attracted to small holdings for the hunting season.
Ideal habitat is difficult to define.
Given good protection, turkeys can adapt to several habitat types and conditions. A good range consists of predominately mature, mixed pine-hardwood stands, interspersed with field and grassy openings. Habitat for turkeys must offer sufficient seeds, nuts, and other energy-rich food sources during fall and winter. Hardwood mast, particularly oaks, is used extensively during this time. Dietary preferences shift to leafy vegetation, animal matter, grass seeds, and soft fruits during spring and summer.