Systolic fluctuates frequently in response to stress. It also increases with posture, movement, age, etc. Diastolic does not fluctuate as readily. Causes may include smoking, excess weight, personality, stress, diet, lack of exercise, sedentary stress. Causes include kidney disease, endocrine abnormalities, increased cardiac output, and vascular abnormalities.
Malignant hypertension has rapid onset, more severe symptoms, and more complications.
This is usually caused by organ damage or malfunction. They may include fatigue, headache, nosebleed, change in vision, muscle weakness. Medications must be monitored because they may collect in the body, having a toxic effect if used for long periods of time. Behavioral therapies include weight loss, diet control, smoking cessation, sodium intake limitation, aerobic exercise, stress management. Functional limitations pertain mainly to resulting diseases.