A wonderful introduction I recommend is David Peat's Lighting the Seventh Fire, also published in Britain as Blackfoot Physics. David's a physicist I met through the Bohmian Science Dialogues, and I'm mentioned iin there. Here is where we part our ways. I only say that there is no reason whatever for not adopting this mode of thought if one wishes. I obviously choose the third, and think our founding greats did the same, while Chomsky chose the first, taking linguistics itself in a new and unwarranted direction.
Hard science is modeled on Newtonian physics as a model.
The social sciences have also modeled themselves after the same. Thus the model of hard science is now moving in the direction of linguistics in balancing meaning with form. Tho explanation itself gets caught up in cultural modes of expression and worldview problems about what's easily explainable in a specific language. Even math is slightly culture-bound. See Robert Rosen, Life Itself, for an interesting take on category theory involving syntax and semantics of life.