Technology transfer should take the form of technical cooperation. Process innovation and product innovation are equally important. Information alone is not sufficient and knowledge is the key to generating technology change. A six-point framework was proposed for a discussion on this issue. Industry must lead and must innovate to make sustainable development a reality since leadership and innovation can turn technical solutions and opportunities into realities.
Economic vitality is required for long-term environmental protection and sustainable development.
Sustainable development requires commitment from industry and understanding of society to pursue science and technology options that will lead to economic growth. Expenditures on environment related technologies will increase leading to environmental benefits. Public policy and possibly some new business models will be required to deliver the benefits of environment related technologies around the world. In the 21 st century, we will have moved from a mindset of clean-up and control to one based on anticipation, avoidance, and assessment. Switzerland Most often the role of science and technology in sustainable development considers only the natural sciences.