In addition to being environmentally beneficial, technology cooperation can have additional benefits for participants. The financial savings from efficient technologies, reduction of waste, and improved worker productivity often are greater than the costs of cooperative implementation. Nevertheless, win-win scenarios can be complex and multifaceted. In some cases nations or industries can be coerced or induced to adopt ESTs even if they do not initially perceive the benefits. An example is cogeneration of power in India where governmental regulation forced a change that, despite significant industry objections, has proved to have benefits to both the state through added power resources, and to the companies through additional sales and energy security.
Funding is critical to technology cooperation.
At a minimum, adequate funding is necessary for organising and managing projects, providing expert consultants, communication, and reporting. Technology cooperation requires clear goals and motivation as a precondition for success. Corporate and government leadership accelerates progress by creating momentum, jointly overcoming market barriers and by promoting market incentives. Corporations are particularly influential in encouraging suppliers to improve environmental performance. Governments are often successful in streamlining regulatory approvals.