When the cartilage in a joint deteriorates, osteoarthritis develops. Eventually, large amounts of cartilage are destroyed, leaving the ends of the bone within the joint unprotected. Osteoarthritis is associated with back pain because it can affect the cartilage in the discs that form cushions between the bones of the spine, the moving joints of the spine itself or both. In any case, patients can experience pain, muscle spasms, and diminished mobility. In addition, the nerves may become rubbed or pinched, causing tingling or burning.
Joints require motion to stay healthy.
Long periods or inactivity cause joints to stiffen and the adjoining tissue to atrophy. Exercise helps to reduce pain and stiffness, and increases flexibility, muscle strength, endurance, and a sense of well-being. Patients should avoid high-impact sports such as jogging, tennis and racquetball. Strengthening exercises include isometric exercises and stretching exercises to build strength and flexibility without unduly stressing the joint. Cycling and walking are beneficial and swimming or exercising in water is highly recommended.