Clinically efficacious based on consensus and clinical experience but no scientific evidence of efficacy.
Evidence indicates no efficacy over placebo.
Acebutolol Carbamazepine Clomipramine Clonazepam Indomethacin Lamotrigine Nabumetone Nicardipine Nifedipine Pindolol Reprinted with permission from Ramadan NM, Silberstein SD, Freitag FG, Gilbert TT, Frishberg BM, et al. U.S. Headache Consortium. As with the other sections of the U.S. Headache Consortium migraine guidelines, the section on preventive therapy was developed after analysis of data from hundreds of clinical trials on the prevention of migraine. The members of the consortium noted that data from trials of preventive therapy are limited by the diversity of endpoints in the trials, the use of loose criteria to define migraine in early trials, the high dropout rates inherent in long-term studies and the lack of a placebo arm in most comparative trials of two or more treatments. In addition, many of the studies of preventive therapy were poorly performed or reported, making analysis of the data difficult.