Methods exist for detection of virus in newborns, but are expensive so are not applicable to screening. These include HIV culture, PCR, and immune complex-dissociated p24. AIDS testing requires informed consent and counseling. Testing without consent can result in legal complications. Psychological, social, and medical counseling is necessary.
Counsellors can help in partner notification.
Confidentiality issues are a major concern. Home testing kits are now available. Samples collected at home, sent to a lab, results reported by phone. Results are completely anonymous. Anyone who has any reason for concern.