Intellectual impairment is common but is not inevitable and does not worsen as the disorder progresses. Duchenne's muscular dystrophy occurs in approximately 2 out of 10,000 people. Symptoms usually appear in males 1 to 6 years old. Females are carriers of the gene for this disorder but rarely develop symptoms. Because this is an inherited disorder, risks include a family history of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy.
Genetic counseling is advised if there is a family history of the disorder.
Respiratory disorders are common during the later stages, including pneumonia and aspiration of food or fluid into the lungs. A serum CPK is highly elevated. A muscle biopsy confirms the diagnosis. There is no known cure for Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. Treatment is aimed at control of symptoms to maximize the quality of life.