An area adjacent to a stream in which vegetation is maintained or managed to protect water quality. See latewood . The process by which a tree loses its vigor due to inadequate light, water and nutrients. A tree removal practice that reduces tree density and competition between trees in a stand. Thinning concentrates growth on fewer, high-quality trees, provides periodic income and generally enhances tree vigor.
Heavy thinning can benefit wildlife through the increased growth of ground vegetation.
Any species that has been classified by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or a state wildlife agency as likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. A metal or wooden device consisting of an arm and two prongs, one of which is free to slide along a graduated scale on the arm. The prongs are placed against opposite sides of a tree to read its diameter on the scale. A distilled chemical produced from tapping into a living pine and harvesting the sap. The area below the forest canopy that comprises shrubs, snags and small tree.