Valleys were deepened and widened and all but the tallest mountain peaks were rounded off. A wide variety of physical evidence of the presence of glaciers in the Canadian landscape can be seen today although the ice sheets of the past have retreated to polar regions. Glacial drift is eroded rock from from one area deposited in other places. Erratics are huge boulders of igneous rock picked up and deposited in sedimentary basins. Till is a mixture of clay and rock deposited in gently rolling plains when the glacier had picked up more debris than it could carry.
Drumlins are oval shaped hills of boulder clay often deposited in groups on till plains.
Moraines are long ridges of material deposited at the edge of a glacier that was melting as fast as it was moving out. Spillways are valleys created by the meltwater moving from the edge of glaciers. Kames are gravelly hills created where large quanitities of sand and gravel were washed out of the glacier. Kettle lakes were formed when giant blocks of ice within deposits of sand and gravel melted, creating depressions which filled with water. Eskers are long ridges consisting of sediment deposited in glacial streams that was left behind when the glacier melted.