Calvin, on Eph. Malice is a correct translation. Only here in Pastorals. Elsewhere only in Paul . See on Rom.
Love is too vague.
Only here and Acts xxviii. While it cannot be asserted that the heretical characteristics noted in the Pastoral Epistles point collectively to any specific form of error, it is true, nevertheless, that certain characteristics of the economy of grace are emphasized, which are directly opposed to Gnostic ideas. Lit. not by works, those namely in righteousness , which we did. The thought is entirely Pauline. Ex ergwn strictly, out of, in consequence of works.