Cr, Mo, V are carbide stabilizers which improve strength and heat resistance but impair machinability. Decarburised layer improves weldability and provides soft ductile surface to absorb local impact blows. Marked increase in shock resistance above 100 C. Used in furnaces up to 450 C. Can be galvanised and does not suffer galvanising embrittlement. Can be bronzed or bronze-welded. Very good machinability - high metal removal rates.
Limitations are long heat treatment time.
Decarburised layer unsuitable surface for wear resistance. Welded casting should be annealed. Best combination of machinability and strength for any ferrous material. Lower cost than nodular cast iron. Limitations are not suitable for wear resistant applications unless surface treated.