See my copyright notice for fair use practices. It is a measure of the object's luminosity . Made by electrons jumping up farther from the nucleus. Accretion disks around white dwarfs , neutron stars , and black holes form when material is drawn off a nearby normal or giant star.
Accretion disks around neutron stars and black holes can be hot enough to radiate X-rays.
It has a non-thermal continuous spectrum. The energy is coming from an accretion disk of gas around a supermassive black hole at the nucleus of the galaxy. This removes seeing effects and enables the telescope to achieve much better resolution, closer to its theoretical resolving power . Vertical position of an object. It is proportional to the mass of the object multiplied by its radius multiplied by its spin or orbital speed.