Anything outside that needs to be automated as well, because testing provides information. The quicker you can get a defect into the hands of the developer, the better. The quicker you can get trends into the hands of management, the better. One specific example is that development teams need to think of automating early on in the development process. For instance, by using standard VB objects, let's say, instead of non-standard ones, automated testing becomes possible because the tools know what to play back and the scripts do all of the work.
Clients can learn from the mistakes of others.
A service provider can act as an independent authority, showing management the economics of the testing process. We tell our clients that if they have nothing else they need to have a sound defect management system. Compuware's TrackRecord is our system and we live and die by it. Sticky notes just don't cut it.