The polymerase chain reaction is a laboratory process in which pieces of DNA can be rapidly replicated. This allows scientists to produce large quantities of DNA that can be analyzed.
Gel electrophoresis is a process that separates molecules on the basis of their size.
First, strands or samples of DNA are separated at specific locations by a restriction enzyme. After this, the separated strands are placed into a gel, and an electrical current is run through them. The molecules of the DNA then travel through the gel at a distance inversely proportional to their size and weight. Once this is completed, the results of different samples of DNA are compared through UV pictures of the Gel. This involves the judicial system because many court cases rest on the results determined from these processes.