In 1981 the first Indian Antarctic Expedition began the program. It joined the Antarctic Treaty consultative nations in September 1983, just after the first Indians wintered on the Prince Astrid Ice Shelf. It signed the Antarctic Treaty in 1981, and began Antarctic research in 1985. The main station at present, Terra Nova Bay station, can hold 70 people. Cooperation in logistics and science between Italy, the U.S., and New Zealand has increased significantly.
Japan operates four stations in Antarctica.
Its first expedition was on board the Soya in 1956. Research programs have been done every year since then. Korea has one station, King Sejong, operating year-round on King George Island. Korea has been conducting Antarctic research since 1987. King Sejong's population numbers about 15 in the winter and up to 60 in the summer.