Whether purchasing one bottle or an entire cellar full, heat and humidity are the worst enemies of wine. Ideally, wine should be stored between 50 and 60 degrees, although a five degree fluctuation in either direction is acceptable and will not significantly affect quality. Storing at very low temperatures will cause a slowing of the aging process for wines and too much heat will cause premature aging. A constant temperature helps wine to maintain its flavor and quality. A digital wine gauge, available at specialty wine and department stores is an effective way to monitor temperature.
Humidity is a very important factor in preserving wine.
Major wine collectors and sellers know that storing wine in conditions of high humidity can lower the resale value of the bottle simply by altering or damaging the label. Very low humidity can also dry the cork and cause air to enter the bottle, oxidizing the contents. The best conditions for storing wines are in dark, cool and medium humidity locations. They are sugar, acid and tannin. These may be present at one time or in different combinations.