An overview of the many causes and types of urinary incontinence. A variety of disease and medical problems may contribute to each of the four major types of incontinence. Because incontinence is a symptom rather than a distinct disease, it is often difficult to determine a definite cause. Temporary Incontinence A number of conditions can cause temporary incontinence, including urinary tract infections, excess fluid intake, constipation, severe depression, and restricted mobility.
Drugs are most likely to be the cause of temporary incontinence.
Drugs that affect the adrenergic system, a nerve-cell and hormonal pathway that regulates the sphincter muscle, can cause incontinence. Diuretics, which are used for high blood pressure, often rapidly introduce high urine volumes into the bladder. Colchicine, a drug used for gout, can cause urge incontinence. Calcium channel blockers can cause overflow incontinence by relaxing the bladder detrusor muscles. Other medications and substances that increase the risk for incontinence are caffeine, sedatives, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antihistamines.