Successful management programs require early detection of leafhoppers before plant damage occurs. The only really effective method to monitor PLH activity is to scout fields using a sweep net. It is important to begin scouting early after cutting established stands and to continue monitoring at frequent intervals. Economic treatment thresholds have been developed for leafhoppers on alfalfa throughout the Midwest based on alfalfa stem height and the number of adult leafhoppers per sweep. Once the visible symptoms of hopperburn and plant stunting becomes evident, it is too late for corrective action.
Economic damage is likely and treatment options are limited.
A combination of control strategies is required to effectively minimize the damage caused by leafhoppers in alfalfa. Management options include chemical control, mechanical or agronomic practices, and host plant resistance. Chemical control options have been used for many years. Many states have implemented pest management programs for potato leafhopper which include insect and crop scouting and the development of action thresholds. Frequent assessment of PLH populations along with insecticide applications timed to eliminate infestations of dispersing adults can effectively minimize PLH damage in alfalfa.