The risk of infection to the U. S. traveler is low, especially those that are following the usual tourist itineraries and staying in standard accommodations. Travelers should consider the vaccine if they have stomach ulcers, use anti-acid therapy, or if they will be living in less than sanitary conditions in areas of high cholera activity. Persons with severe cases respond well to simple fluid and electrolyte-replacement therapy, but medical attention must be sought quickly when cholera is suspected. The virus is inactivated by boiling or cooking to 85 degrees centigrade for one minute, therefore eating thoroughly cooked foods and drinking only treated water serve as general precautions. Hepatitis A vaccine is preferred for persons who plan to travel repeatedly or reside for long periods of time in intermediate or high risk areas.
Immune globulin is recommended for persons of all ages who desire only short term protection.
CDC recommends hepatitis A vaccine or IG for protection against hepatitis A. For travelers over 18 years of age, hepatitis A vaccine should be given in a two dose series with the second dose administered 6-12 months after the first. . Immune globulin is recommended for persons of all ages who desire only short term protection. Travelers to East Africa are at risk of parasitic infections. Several types of parasites can penetrate intact skin and travelers are advised to wear shoes. AIDS is found throughout the region.