Students in this dimension assume that limited failure is equal to permanent failure. If a problem cannot be solved quickly, then it can t be at all. More college, more belief in knowledge as tentative and subject to interpretation. One who believes knowledge is completely relative. Reflective judgment develops throughout early adulthood and is related to age and education and critical thinking ability, but is independent of measures of cognitive ability, such as verbal fluency.
Individuals view knowledge as almost totally uncertain.
The type of evidence used to justify one s views of the world. A greater sense of self-determination is associated with the belief that challenges can be met and overcome. Ppeople high on hope have a greater preference for difficult tasks. Changing Beliefs Maladaptive beliefs can be changed. Beliefs are formed on the basis of cognitive and affective information.