Framing is the structural skeleton of the house, usually made of beams, studs and joists. The beams are members used to support the structure. For instance, the center beam is a member that runs the length of the first floor of a house and supports the house structure above it. The collar beam is horizontal member in the roof that provides structural strength by connecting opposite rafters. Studs are the upright wood or metal members used to form the walls and partitions.
Joists are the horizontal parallel beams that support floors and ceilings.
Cornices are found on the exterior of the house. They are the structural trim that is used to cover the area where the roof and the wall meet. A soffit is a special type of cornice that covers the exposed underside of a projecting house part, such as the exposed underside of part of your roof that extends beyond a wall of your house. The eaves are the edges of roof that run parallel to the ground. You put gutters along the eaves to carry off rainwater and snowmelt from the roof.