Later addition regarding the length of the eclipse and the colour of the eclipsed moon. When full moon occurs almost exactly when the intersection line points at the sun, then the moon passes right through the middle of the Earth's shadow, and so the eclipse lasts longest. When the moon is in the Earth's shadow, one might expect it to be at least as dark as the new moon, which is lit by Earthlight starlight. In fact the eclipsed moon is much brighter. This is because the Earth has an atmosphere.
Light passing through the atmosphere is refracted into the shadow and illuminates the moon.
The more atmosphere it traverses, the more light gets scattered out. Now the scattering of light is much more efficient for blue than for red. The scattered light makes the sky blue for everyone who is not looking at the sun. So the eclipsed moon is red for the same reason as the setting sun, although much darker.