Since toilet training is one of the main skills acquired during this period of development, I looked for it in our text and found about two sentences on page 179, neither of them very useful. I found a comprehensive link on toilet training. The article is somewhat lengthy and possibly includes some unnecessary steps, but it does have a readiness checklist. Everyone does agree that the child must have good receptive speech, the motor ability to remove clothes and put them back on, and an understanding of what is socially appropriate prior to commencing toilet training. Basic emotions are those that can be directly inferred from facial expressions, such as happiness, interest, surprise, fear, anger, sadness, and disgust.
Happiness binds parent and baby and fosters the infant's developing competence.
Laughter first appears around three to four months in response to active stimuli. Anger is expressed in the first few months of life when babies cry in response to unpleasant stimuli. Actually, the negative emotions appear before the positive ones in most newborns. Fear rises during the second half of the first year. Stranger anxiety is an expression of fear in response to unfamiliar adults.