Playfulness, friendliness, and socialization with humans are not changed. The behaviors that change are far less desirable. An incision is made generally just forward from the scrotum. The testicles are removed through this incision. The stalks are tied off and cut.
Castration is achieved.
If the testicles are not removed, the desirable benefits listed above cannot be achieved. The skin incision may or may not have stitches. The scrotum is often swollen in the first few days after surgery, leading some people to wonder if the procedure was really performed. If the dog is immature at the time of neutering, the empty scrotum will flatten out as he grows. If he is mature at the time of neuter, the empty scrotum will remain as a flap of skin.