Large dose supplements of any nutrient should be avoided. You will rarely need to take vitamin or mineral supplements if you eat a variety of foods. However, there are some exceptions. Iron supplements often are needed by women in their childbearing years. Pregnant and breast-feeding women have an increased need for certain nutrients, notably iron, folic acid, vitamin A, and calicum.
Infants also have special nutritional needs.
Breast milk also contains substances that provide immunity to some diseases until the infant's body is able to produce these substances itself. After three to six months, babies can start taking solid foods. Flavoring baby foods with salt and sugar also is discouraged. Elderly people also have to be extra careful about getting enough of all the essential nutrients because many older people eat less. The guidelines stress meals based on the basic food groups and a reduction in the consumption of fats, oils, sugars, sweets, alcohol and other foods that are high in calories but low in other nutrients.