The EPA designates phosphorus as a hazardous material. It is flammable and a poison. It can enter the body through inhalation of the vapor, fumes or mist, ingestion, and skin and eye contact. Phosphorus, upon contact with the skin, may result in severe burns which are necrotic, yellowish, fluorescent under ultraviolet light and have a garlic-like odor. Chronic phosphorus poisoning is a result of continued absorption of a small amount of yellow phosphorus for periods typically of 10 years.
Chronic intoxication is characterized by ulceration and neurosis.
Phosphorus attacks the respiratory system, liver, kidneys, jaw, teeth, blood, eyes and skin. First aid is very simple to perform. If phosphorus gets into the eyes or on the skin, they should be flushed with water immediately. If a person inhales phosphorus, they should be moved to fresh air. If it is swallowed, large quantities of water should be given to the person and they should try to vomit.