It may occur simply because another member of the family has one, that is, it may be hereditary. Although tight fitting shoes will make the problem worse. A chiropodist can alleviate teh problem using special pads or insoles. In severe cases your doctor may feel it necessary to advise an operation to correct the problem. Again, a chiropodist who has specialised in surgery can perform this operation.
Hammer toes affect the four lesser toes usually and can also be hereditary.
They can cause problems on the tip of the toe or on the top of the joint. A chiropodist can give you a silicone prop which is made for your toe to help straighten it as you walk. However, you may need an operation if the problem causes severe problems.