Key actions are comprised of research priorities, which are targeted at key economic and social issues.
Key actions are problem-oriented and clearly defined on the basis of a common set of criteria.
They are specifically targeted to the objectives of each programme and to the desired results, taking into account the views of users. They will have a clear European focus. The key action is regarded as a cluster of small and large, applied, generic and, as appropriate, basic research projects directed towards a common European challenge or problem, not excluding global issues. For example , under the environment thematic programme, one of the key actions is the ' sustainable management and quality of water '. The key economic and social issue being addressed is in meeting the demands of European citizens for the provision of affordable high quality water, whilst maintaining the integrity of ecosystems.