Lufenuron, is potentially highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates, however it is very insoluble in water. Studies have shown that it is rapidly broken down by microbial activityunder normal aerobic soil conditions and its bioavailability is further reduced in that it binds rapidly to soil particulate matter. Acute toxicity studies using birds and earthworms demonstrated a very low toxicity to these standard reference organisms. When one considers the relatively low residues present in feces, there is little basis for environmental concern. The chief drawback of this product is that the host animal must be bitten by the flea in order for it to be effective.
Administration is by pill once a month.
In terms of the greatest potential safety to children and infants, systemic products, such as Program , are considered to be among the safest available because there is nothing on the dog to rub off or against which to come in contact. Especially significant is that puppies as young as 6 weeks may be safely placed on Program . Program is available only through veterinary prescription. Permethrin is noted for its exceptionally quick and potent knockdown properties and for its excellent repellent properties. Permethrin is used throughout the world as a repellent in military clothing, tents, and mosquito nets.