Metals are good reducing agents. Nonmetals do not lose electrons. IE decreases down a group Because size increases. Reducing ability generally increases down the periodic table. A few elements GAIN electrons to form anions.
Electron affinity is the energy involved when an anion loses an electron.
Valence Electrons Electrons are divided between core and valence electrons. The bond arises from the mutual attraction of 2 nuclei for the same electrons. Therefore, N is central 2. Form a sigma bond between the central atom and sur- rounding atoms. Carbon Dioxide, CO 2 1.