Hepatic hepatomas may occur from blunt trauma. Wounds may occur from bites. Constricted toe syndrome occurs most commonly in eclectus and macaws. Esophageal punctures may occur from improper tube feeding. These will often result in cellulitis, toxemia and death without surgery.
Fractures are uncommon in healthy chicks.
Concussions may occur in birds that are fledging. Feather trauma may occur. Wine-colored discoloration of urates occurs in juvenile amazons, African greys and pionus, and is not associated with disease. Necropsies of dead baby birds are very important. The same tissue harvested for adult bird necropsies should be taken, with the addition of the bursa, which is located near the cloaca in the celoem.