The spiral of violence in Chechnya has led to the displacement of tens of thousands of people and the destruction of the region's social, economic and political infrastructure. The path of violence superseded any attempt, however modest, to find a negotiated settlement. It is too early to draw conclusions about the broader implications of the war and how these might affect other peace processes in the region, as well as socio-economic stability, democratisation and the development of civil society. What is clear is that hopes that the Caucasus could shed the tag of a conflict-ridden zone are premature. Nevertheless, throughout the region individuals and organizations continue to envisage non-violent and equitable options for the future.
Journalists sometimes question assumptions about the way that power is exercised.
NGOs try to fill the vacuum created by the inability of governments to meet social needs. In some cases they challenge their own societies to reach beyond the barriers erected by the inter-communal violence. Psychologists, teachers, youth workers and many others address the needs of people traumatised by violence, economic hardship and social marginalization. Officials grapple with severe resource constraints and with political systems that in themselves become barriers to change. Above all, people search for opportunities that might help their communities overcome divisions that all too often seem increasingly entrenched.