Epidemiologic results indicate that women who smoke cigarettes are relatively estrogen-deficient.
Smokers have an early . . . The harmful effects of cigarette smoking are not limited to tissues having direct smoke contact. For example, smokers have increased risks of cancer of the esophagus, kidneys, and bladder, presumably from swallowed or absorbed cigarette products . Nonsmoker women should be aware of the danger from poison-spewing smokers around them. The presence of smokers , even as little as one hour a day, can almost triple a woman's risk of contracting breast cancer, the second leading cause of deaths among all American women, and the leading cause of death among middle-aged women.