Excessive protein levels may contribute to laminitis. Cattle with laminitis have a separation of the horny and sensitive hoof walls. Hoof growth will be abnormal for the rest of that animal's life. Regular trimming of the hooves will minimize the adverse effects of laminitis. A hot, dry atmosphere dries and hardens the hoof, increasing its resistance to injury but also making the hoof more brittle.
Hoof wear is Increased by excessive contact with abrasive surfaces.
Some dairy cattle kept in stanchions lack adequate abrasion to prevent hooves from overgrowing. Feedlot or free-stall housed cattle may be subject to excessive abrasion with resultant short hooves and tender soles. The more concentrated the cattle population, the greater the opportunity for build-up of pathogenic organisms. Cattle whose feet are constantly in wet areas such as unscraped concrete lots will develop softened, macerated hooves. Wet concrete is more abrasive than dry concrete.