The beginnings of the industrial revolution in the early 19th century. The retreat from antiquity and disenchantment with the ancient guidelines were in full swing in the early national period. Both sides cite classical sources. The Civil War ultimately resolves the controversy. Human complexity, inconsistency, and eclecticism.
Liberalism too is rooted in classical sources.
Stoic theory of natural law and its optimistic view of human nature provide the intellectual underpinnings of liberal belief in natural rights and social progress. Overthrow of Kings 1. The notion of mixed government, the basis for the Constitution, is based on classical sources, esp. George III as the tyrannt par excellence. The Classical Canon 1.