Any time potassium is released from the cells, it may accumulate in the extracellular fluid and the bloodstream. Tissue trauma causes the cells to release potassium into the extracellular fluid. If kidney function is adequate and sufficient amounts of aldosterone are present, tissue trauma alone rarely results in hyperkalemia. A normally functioning kidney will excrete the excess potassium that has been released from the cells. Increased intake of potassium may cause hyperkalemia if kidney function is poor.
Hyperkalemia can have serious, potentially life threatening effects on the body.
A gradual increase in potassium, as may occur with chronic renal failure , may be better tolerated than a sudden increase. Slightly higher than normal potassium levels may be well tolerated by some persons with chronic renal failure. Tests Reflexes may be reduced or absent. Paralysis may be present or may occur. The pulse may be slow or irregular.