Read Brock, Chapter 9. Read Salyers, Chapter 8. Interestingly, there are no pathogens among the Archea. 3. too small to sense chemotactic gradient across surface. 4. live as parasite of larger cells.
Gram positives are dark blue, and negatives are red.
The outer membrane confers upon gram-negative bacteria resistance to drugs and detergents. Identified by colonial morphology, missing part of LPS, ranging from O-side chain to part of the core. LPS is highly negatively charged, but contains essential divalent cations. Unlike the cytosol which is a reducing environment, the periplasm is an oxidizing environment, and hence the site of disulfide bond formation. The basis of alkaline phosphatase activity.