Oil and gas accounts for a major part of the nation's foreign exchange earnings. Since then there have been several oil discoveries, including those off-shore. Pertamina, the state-owned oil company has the sole right in oil and gas production which is carried out mainly by a production sharing agreement with foreign oil companies. Apart from oil and gas, exploitation of geothermal reserves are being accelerated, coal production is increasing. Indonesia is the third largest producer of tin in the world.
Copper is found throughout the archipelago.
There are also large deposits of nickel oxide, bauxite, gold, lead, manganese, silver, titanium, uranium, zinc, etc. The Department of Social Affairs supervises all activities in the field of social welfare. Houses for the aged, orphanages and schools for the handicapped are found all over the country, operated by either the government or by private institutions. Especially well-known is the Rehabilitation Centre for the physically handicapped in Solo, Central Java. For public health-care among the masses and especially in places far removed from modern hospitals, community health centres have been set up in even the remotest areas.