Chilblains occur when bare skin is exposed to cold water or when wet skin cools over time. Victims often get lesions on their hands and feet. Several days after treatment, affected areas may be intensely painful. They may swell, turn red, blister or hemorrhage. Gangrene is a possibility, and the victim may develop a long-term sensitivity to cold.
Frostbite happens when soft tissue freezes.
It is a particular danger on days with a high wind-chill factor. If not properly treated, frostbite can lead to the loss of tissues or even limbs. Hypothermia is the most severe form of cold-related injury. It is defined as a body temperature of less than 35 Celsius or 95 Fahrenheit. Hypothermia is a major danger because the symptoms come on so gradually that many victims and their co-workers don't notice them until it's too late.