The most common type of chronic pain is from an abnormal function in the nervous system. Neuropathic pain refers to pain that can arise when there is abnormal function in the peripheral nervous system. This depression and irritability often leads to insomnia and weariness, which compounds the problem by causing more irritability, depression, and pain. The urge to stop the pain can make some people drug dependent, and may drive others to have repeated surgeries, or resort to questionable treatments. Heat and cold treatments can reduce the stiffness and pain, particularly of arthritis.
Cold packs numb the sore area and are especially effective for severe joint pain and swelling.
Heat treatments relax muscles, particularly dry heat methods, such as a heating pad or heat lamp, or moist heat methods, such as a bath or hydrocollator pack. Prescription pain medications usually can provide stronger pain relief than aspirin, including the opiate-related compounds. When used wisely, however, they are important recruits in the chemical fight against pain. However, all of these drugs have some potential for abuse, and may have unpleasant and even harmful side effects. In combination with other medications or alcohol, some can be dangerous.