Harvard professor of philosophy David Nozick wrote about these concepts in his book Anarchy, State and Utopia, an intellectual runaround on anarchism. Some classic anarchist literature includes Guy DeBord's Society of the Spectacle, Taz by Hakim Bay, Social Anarchism by Murray Bookchin, Raoul Vaneigem's Revolution of Everyday Life, and Bob Black's The Abolition of Word and Other Essays. A good overview is Anarchy by Clifford Harper. There are presently, and there have been historically, many famous anarchists. The list includes Noam Chomsky, Ayn Rand, Emma Goldman, Rage Against the Machine vocalist Zach De La Rocha, the entire band Chumbawamba, and Global Exchange co-founder Kevin Danher, among many others.
Anarchists believe in non-hierarchial society.
They believe that people have the ability to self-govern, that authority is intrinsically unneccessary, that it is within the nature of people to be able to exist peacefully without a system of government. Of course, anarchists do not necessarily believe that society would be able to make a change towards such a system in the near future, but, nonetheless, they have a vision for society which few would argue would be very positive, but which most people would consider an unreachable Utopia. Hence, anarchists are in many ways the greatest idealists of all. However, while most anarchists are leftists, others, including the Unabomber and Ayn Rand, could be considered far right wingers. They too believe in absolute personal authority and responsibility, but with a different set of ideals.