Because elephants do not have sweat glands, water plays an important roll in helping them cool down. Elephants are very intelligent and highly social animals. The herd can comprise between 6 and 30 animals, after what they split to form new herds, always maintaining contact with each other at water holes and feeding spots. At 14 years of age, males leave the heard and associate with other bulls of the same age or older.
Males are much larger than females and their tusks are much longer and heavier.
Leaves, grass, reeds, roots, flowers, fruits, bark and even soil if the mineral content is high. They eat about 250 kg of food and drink about 150 to 200 liters of water a day. Females are sexually mature at 12 years of age and are mated by visiting bulls. After a gestation period of 22 months, the cow gives birth to a single calf that weighs up to 130 kg. The calf suckles for about 3 years.