Doctor Spock is an emergency room physician at Durango State Hospital. Many of the accident victims he treats are out-ofstate residents. He is concerned that under the Ranier law, many of these persons would be denied necessary treatment and might die or suffer unnecessary injury. The Doctor has not suffered a distinct and palpable injury. The constitutional claims are not yet ripe, since it is uncertain whether any non-residents will require medical care at DSH and yet be unable to pay for it.
Doctors have jus tertii standing to assert the claims of their patients.
If RAA prevails on any of the claims, the Ranier law will be invalidated. In Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, Chief Justice Marshall declared that the Supreme Court has jurisdiction to review federal issues decided by state courts. The Supreme Court cannot hear any of the claims since RAA, an association, does not have standing in federal court. Under the law, it is illegal to develop, store, or transport nuclear weapons in the City. The U.S. Navy has a naval station in Oakland Harbor.