Urinary stasis is common in cases of bifid ureter. Urine can reflux into the other branch of the 'Y' shaped ureter instead of flowing down the shared stem. The most common presenting symptom of young girls is a continuous dribbling or wetness after being toilet trained, and urinary tract infections. The wetness is often due to a duplicated ureter or urethra with the orifice in the uterus, cervix, or vagina. Males do not experience incontinence.
Hydronephrosis is relatively common in cases of duplication.
Voiding cystogram Cystoureterogram Retrograde pyelogram Ultrasound Duplication of the urethra may be either partial or complete. Partial duplication may end in an opening on the dorsal or ventral surface, or in a blind sac. Complete duplication may involve two complete urethras originating in the bladder and having separate openings, two urethras that merge into one with only one meatus, or the urethra bifurcating into two paths with two openings. The ventrally positioned urethra is usually the more functional channel. The usual treatment ranges from palliative, for a mild incomplete duplication, to surgery, for a complete duplication.