The percentage of households in which there are no literate persons is thus specified. Another indicator for evaluation of the changes in literacy is school coverage which shows the ratio of people in a particular age-group who go to school. Thus, people of the respective age group who do not go to school are not under the coverage of the education system. The last indicator is the literacy rate which specifies the ratio of literate people in a society or shows the ratio of literate persons in the concerned age group. The study of illiteracy in the rural population shows that the extent of illiteracy rises in higher age-groups.
Illiteracy is caused by inefficient educational coverage.
A historical study of illiteracy shows that in earlier periods, the educational system used to be less efficient. This ratio has changed in the course of time. The present literacy rates are the result of inefficient educational programs of the past decades. There are positive points to be found in the changing literacy trend as well. Statistical studies concerning rural literacy indicate successful educational programs carried out in recent years.