Used in synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, including by-products such as bile, vitamin D and hormones. No toxicity concerns. Pregnancy, stress and lactation may increase need. Used in digestion and protein metabolism. Folic acid deficiency is widespread in women of childbearing age and can cause birth defects in infants.
Gastrointestinal disorders can inhibit absorption.
Need may be increased by pregnancy and dementia. A building block of neurotransmitters necessary for brain function. Important to help prevent brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Dietary reference intakes. Currently being established by the National Academy of Sciences.