Flexibility needed for some applications- toothpaste tube, bread bag. Phosphates, epoxy-compounds, polyesters, sulphonamides, polyglycol derivatives, phtalates, citrates. Waxes Increse rub resistance book jackets, playing cards, packaging products. Improve slip and resistance to water. Used in form of powder, or as a dispersion in oil vehicle.
Excessive wax reduces gloss, increases drying time.
Used in flexo, gravure, most letterpress, litho, screen, carbon copying, hot melt inks. Pyrolysis of chlorodifluoromethane to tetrafluoroethylene and subsequent polymerization at high pressure. Suitable for all types of printing inks, ideal for heatset inks- high temp. Petroleum waxes reduce tack of letterpress inks, slip agents. Wetting agents Pigment agglomerates clusters together air pockets form around these clusters- pigment does not disperse uniformly through the vehicle.