African elephants once ranged from south of the Sahara Desert to northern South Africa. Today, African elephants are now mostly confined to parks and reserves. Habitat African elephants are native to a wide variety of habitats including semi-desert scrub, open savannas and dense forest regions. Full-grown elephants consume about six to eight percent of their own body weight in vegetation each day. To accomplish this, they spend as many as 18 hours per day feeding.
Females produce calves at intervals of about every five years.
While adult elephants have no natural predators, young elephants are occasionally preyed on by lions, hyenas or crocodiles. Most physical growth occurs by age 15, and top mental ability is reached at ages 30-45. Elephants have four molars, which are replaced five times, for a total of six sets in a lifetime. Death comes when the last set of molars wear out and the animal can no longer eat. Although African and Asian elephants look much alike, there are several physical characteristics that distinguish them from one another.