We have also looked at various forms of inequality. The American experience, however, does not portray all possible types of racial and ethnic relationships. The goal of this chapter is to investigate the international context.
International evidence is used to test and refine theories of racial and ethnic interaction.
Of major importance in this chapter is the effects of colonialism and conquest. Generally, societies that have been colonized experience the greatest inequality and the greatest conflict. The classification of South African citizens was mandated by law. Apartheid came to an end in 1994 as Nelson Mandela became the first Black President elected by majority vote in South Africa. Apartheid began in 1949.