Upward communication is limited. Thus, grapevine is important. Subordinated mistrust and fear management. Most decisions made by top management are based on inadequate info. Decision making is spread throughout the org.
Important decisions involve input from all levels.
Frequent, honest interaction with employees takes place in an atmosphere of confidence and trust. The flow of messages downward is sufficient to satisfy the info needs of employees. Current Implementation of the Human Resources Model Quality Circles A group of employees who meet regularly to solve problems affecting work. Generally made of 6 to 12 volunteers from same work area. Members trained in problem solving, statistical quality control, and group process.