Anemia are caused by several mechanisms such as red blood cell lysis, RBC fragility, and decreased RBC production from bone marrow suppression, to highlight a few. The main climate factors that influence malarial transmission are based on the viable conditions of the anopheles mosquito. These factors include temperature, precipitation, and humidity. The four most common species of that infect humans are Plasmodium falciparum , P. vivax , P. malariae , and P. ovale . There are over 300 million individuals throughout the world infected with malaria.
Malaria is common in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas.
P. vivas has the widest distribution extending throughout the tropics, subtropics and temperate zones. P. falciparum is generally confined to the tropics, P. malariae is sporadically distributed, and P. ovale is confined to central West Africa and some South Pacific islands. Prevention of the disease is mainly focused on the control of the vector. Possible solutions include mitigation of the areas that are already affected or may be in the future. Mitigation through source container reduction is one major way to prevent mosquito breeding sites.