The process . Lack of 5'cap reduces the efficiency of protein synthesis. Starvation induces a reduction in translation initiation via inactivation of eIF-2. New charged tRNAs, corresponding the codons of the mRNA, enter the A site, and a peptide bond is formed between it and the initial Met in the P site. The first tRNA is now released and the ribosome shifts again so that a tRNA carrying two amino acids is now in the P site, and a new charged tRNA can bind to the A site.
Elongation continues until the ribosome reaches a stop codon.
When the pairing is correct EF hydrolizes GTP to GDP and elongation proceeds. DNA Replication . DNA replication is not a passive and spontaneous process. We will approach the study of the molecular mechanism of DNA replication from the point of view of the machinery that is required to accomplish it. The unwound helix, with each strand being synthesized into a new double helix, is called the replication fork .