When there are many nodules in the thyroid it is called a multinodular goiter. The thyroid produces three hormones. Three situations may occur. It has minor effects on calcium metabolism. Tumours of these cells are called medullary thyroid cancers.
Goiters vary considerably in size.
Simple goiter is enlargement of the thyroid with no cancer or inflammation and normal thyroid function. Many patients leave their unsightly goiters for years. It is strongly recommended that such patients are reviewed regularly. It is particularly important if any of the above complications occur that they seek urgent medical advice. In addition simple goiters may become overactive or underactive.