The increasing activity in the telecommunications sector has led to the creation of more jobs overall, although this is not evident to those who look just at employment within the dominant carrier. Australia is seeing the development of a viable wholesale market for telecommunications services. Carriers are recognising that it is an attractive business to be in to sell services to each other as well as to business and private customers. Another carrier can be a competitor at the retail level, while remaining a customer at the wholesale level. Conclusions Earlier, I pointed to five propositions which I wished to emphasise.
Liberalisation requires new forms of regulation.
A key issue is dealing with the power of incumbents. Consumer and community goals can be achieved through external regulation. Australia has received and anticipates further significant benefits from telecommunications reform. I am sure that, as with Australia, you will find that such reform in Indonesia will produce very positive effects for your country.