In simple terms a home swap or exchange is where you live in another persons home for a short period, and they come and live in yours. You get to visit and stay in countries and properties you may otherwise not have access to, or be able to afford. Someone is taking care of your home whilst you are away, pets and plants can be cared for.
Insurance companies love it.
Some people pay to have their home looked after whilst they are away. You get it for free. Experienced exchangers will tell you this is a BIG and significant difference than simply staying in a hotel, boarding house, or renting a house. Follow this plan and low cost, enjoyable holidays are yours. Read these pages - there is all the help and advice you need.