Toxin assays and measurement of antibody response can be performed on serum. Patients with aerosol exposure to ricin may have bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray, arterial hypoxemia, and neutrophilic leukocytosis. A bronchial aspirate rich in protein compared to plasma is characteristic of high permeability pulmonary edema. Management of patients is supportive. Acetaminophen for fever, and cough suppressants may make the patient more comfortable.
Hydration is important.
For those with pulmonary intoxification, respiratory support may be necessary. Pulmonary edema may need to be treated with positive end expiratory pressure ventilation and diuretics. Standard management techniques for oral poisoning should be used if the toxin is ingested. Standard precautions should be used by healthcare workers. This script willopen up another window with the Lab's form ordering number.