Two new antibiotics, aureomycin and chloromycetin are developed. First successful internal heart surgery is performed. 1949 Antibiotic, neomycin, is developed. 1952 Vaccine is made against polio. First successful sex-change operation takes place in Europe.
Amniocentesis test allows a foetus to be checked for abnormalities.
First tranquillizer, reserpine, is made. Structure of DNA is described. 1954 Link between smoking and lung cancer is suggested. First Kidney transplant is performed on an identical twin. Ultrasound is introduced in obstetrics.