8 on stratigraphy, knowledge of which is assumed for this chapter. Lesson Outline Read the assigned portions of each chapter. Study the illustrations. Focus your attention on the vocabulary terms found in the following notes. Grabens are depressions formed when a fault-block drops in between normal faults.
Horsts are the blocks that remain above on either side of a graben.
Anticlines are caused by compressive stress, while synclines are caused by tensional stress. Anticlines are a result of plastic deformation, whereas synclines are a result of elastic deformation. The Basin and Range province of western United States consists of fault-block mountains. The Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon are volcanic mountains. The Adirondacks of New York are upwarped mountains.