It withstands flooding for a number of months along the Zambesi and Nile rivers and in paddy fields. Geiger et al. Animal dung and urine commonly accumulate under these shade trees. Small leaflets rapidly decompose and increase the soil organic matter. The nutritional value of leaves and fruit is well documented.
Fruit production is highly variable be tweentrees and between years.
The pods fall over a period of months. In west Africa pods are sometimes shaken down, collected, and fed to animals or sold in markets or at roadsides. Trees are lopped in a number of countries for leaves and fuelwood, but this in turn affects the pod production and can extend foliage retention into the rainy season. Tannins limit digestibility, but incorporating pods into low quality fodder enhances ingestion without reducing digestibility. Milling the pods increases digestion of seeds.