Note that the lights now stay on longer. You will note that this is not the case so the different bulbs must affect the rate of flow to and from the plates. Its like using a stronger pump to fill a tank, you can pump the tank to a higher level. Try it and see. You should note that the bulbs flash brighter, indicating that indeed more charge is flowing through them.
Electrical pressure exists in charge just as air pressure exists in air.
A voltmeter measures the difference in electrical pressure between two points in a circuit. You have a multimeter which you can use as a voltmeter by turning the range switch to the section marked V DC, and selecting the 10V scale. Use clip leads to connect the voltmeter leads to the terminals of the capacitor. Note that as the pressure in the capacitor rises, the flow of charge decreases and the bulbs become dimmer until the capacitor pressure matches the battery pressure, when all flow stops and the bulbs are dark. When you discharge the capacitor, the pressure from the capacitor pushes charge through the bulbs until there is no pressure left and the voltmeter reads zero.