The extent of infestation in the latter two cases suggests the pest has established itself in Maine, possibly as early as 1996. Subsequently, in late May the Maine Forest Service signed an order to prohibit all importation of hemlock into the state. The Hemlock Woolly Adelgid poses risk to more than hemlock. The conifer plays significant roles in shading fish in river and stream settings. It also provides habitat for deer, birds and ecologically fragile plants.
Hemlock stands account for more than five per cent of Maine's total forest population.
According to state forest service officials, loss of hemlock will severely impact the character and productivity of Maine forests. Early stages of infestation appear as cotton-like masses on twigs. Spread of the pest population can devastate entire hemlock stands. New Jersey has experienced a leap from 16 per cent to 69 per cent hemlock stand mortality in the last five years. Licensed applicators, arborists and the homeowner public are encouraged to inspect recent hemlock plantings for the pest.