Clomipramine is thought to exert its activity in two ways. It blocks the re-uptake of serotonin by the neurons, thus increasing the serotonin levels in the brain. Increased serotonin levels are thought to decrease the level of fear and anxiety experienced by the patient. In addition, clomipramine is metabolized in the body to desmethylclomipramine, which increase norepinephrine levels in the brain. Increased norepinephrine levels cause an animal to be more receptive to the behavioral modification techniques that are used in conjunction with drug therapy.
Behavioral modification is an important part of treating separation anxiety.
Novartis recommends several simple behavioral techniques use in concert with Clomicalm in order to achieve the best results. Leave a special toy or treat to distract the dog when you leave, and remove the item upon your return. Ignore the dog until he is quiet and relaxed, then interact with him on your initiative. Do not reprimand your dog verbally or physically for inappropriate behavior while you were gone. This will only increase his fear and anxiety levels.