Although a predisposition toward light sleep may have a genetic component it appears that the over concern with sleep and health behaviours is more strongly influenced by learned behaviours emphasized in some families. Females report more insomnia than males. Insomnia leads to decreased feelings of well being during the day. Although there is generally no increase in objective sleepiness, insomnia leads to a deterioration of mood and motivation, decreased cognitive abilities of attention, vigilance and concentration. Energy is decreased and fatigue and malaise are increased.
Insomnia usually occurs in people who are guarded and sensation avoiders.
The use of denial and repression are often the main defences. Stress related psychophysiological problems are common such as gastric-intestinal problems, tension headaches, and cold hands and feet. The Centre for Sleep and Dream Studies, Ottawa, Canada. All rights reserved.