Dr. Borda received his Ph.D. from the University of Florida in 1955. Anthropologist Sol Tax is known as the father of action anthropology in the United States, based on his work with the Fox tribe around the same time as Borda was earning his doctorate. He was rebelling against an applied anthropology that some at the time considered to have been co-opted by paternalistic, hegemonic agents of power. The study community, not researchers, would determine what problems would be addressed, and be co-investigators, not subjects. Participatory action research as conceived by both Borda and Tax goes to the heart of what we conceive applied anthropology is for.
Issues arise of methodology, reliability, and evaluation.
I will also examine how Borda s Participatory Action Research model articulates with applied and action anthropology. To the extent possible, I will use cases involving environmental and natural resources decision making by native people in the North American arctic and subarctic. Ideological and conceptual aspects. Current Anthropology v. 40, no. Bryceson, Deborah Fahy 1980 Research methodology and the participatory research approach.