A contrasting example is the ongoing return of refugees to Eastern and Western Equatoria since April 1997, prompted by the deteriorating security situation in the camps in northern Uganda and improving conditions in southern Sudan. For the foreseeable future, there will be more resettlement of displaced populations. The recent cessations of hostilities in Mozambique and Rwanda have highlighted successes and problems associated with reintegrating returnees into society. Even in peacetime, however, humanitarian responses can disrupt livelihood systems. Ill-timed or inappropriate relief efforts can act as disincentives to production by discouraging planting or altering labor allocations.
Humanitarian relief can also disrupt trade flows by disturbing prices and market supplies.
In the longer run, food and nonfood relief can drive human settlement patterns and support populations in environmentally unsustainable contexts. This requires a methodology, such as the one developed by Save the Children Fund-United Kingdom, that captures the systems people use to ensure their survival and how those systems respond to various disruptions, such as civil war and drought. Such methodologies provide the background necessary to monitor and interpret changes in food security, balancing information on weather and crop production with reporting on the other food sources. Ability to monitor during times of stress. Food security analysts must improvise networks for compiling information related to evolving food security and relief needs.