Such pili are call sex pili . Capsule formation can produce a thick slimy layer, assisting with adherence , such as of Streptococcus mutans to teeth. Capsule formation can protect the organism from phagocytosis by host cells, thus making it more virulent , as is Streptococcus pneumoniae . In culture, capsule producers grow in large mucoid colonies. Ed. III, pp.
Endospores help the organism survive hostile environments.
The growing, metabolically active cell is referred to as a vegetative cell . When appropriate conditions resume, it will germinate , producing a vegetating cell. One endospore produces one cell, therefore cannot be described as a reproductive structure. The potential for endospore presence is very significant when trying to sterilize. An endospore producer must be hit harder than other organism types, usually requiring heat under pressure.