Here is another way to address the question so ably treated by David Kerridge.
Every system is imbedded in the one above.
Deming taught us to think of all of these systems at once. That is why when we speak of some gem we picked up from reading Dr. Deming's works, we are met with stares, either of disbelief or wonder that we speak of such trivial matters. Today, people who conventionally educated and trained, are able to focus only one one system at a time, and unable to understand that what is done in the managerial system changes the social system and that if a tool or technique requires cooperation across functional lines, it will not be used in an organization where the management creates competition among groups as a way to get people to work harder. The whole system. By the way, if you print this out, be sure to use monospace type, such as Courier or Monaco.