In addition, use an elastic-plastic material model that includes work hardening for the forming step. Electrical analysis Increasing integrated circuit speeds to greater than 50 MHz requires electrical analysis or modeling. At those speeds, analog effects increase in interconnects, requiring verification with analysis tools. These include propagation delay, ringing and reflections and crosstalk effects. To accomplish this requires the electrical length of the conductor and the wavelength of the fastest signal.
Inputs also require conductor width, thickness, dielectric height and constant.