Azotemia Elevated creatinine Elevated alkaline phosphatase Hyperphosphatemia Proteinuria Pyuria Hypercholesterolemia Azotemia in the face of isosthenuria supports intrinsic renal disease. Additional assessment should be made on the basis of renal size and the presence or absence of metabolic bone disease.
Alkaline phosphatase is produced by many tissues.
Each isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase has a distinct half-life. Many tissues produce alkaline phosphatase that has a very short half-life so that generally alkaline phosphatase from these sources does not stay elevated in the blood stream long enough for it to be measured. There are three clinically significant sources of alkaline phosphatase in the dog and these are bone, biliary production under the influence of endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoids and hepatic cholestatic disease. Hypoalbuminemia occurs either from decreased hepatic production or from renal or gastrointestinal losses of albumin. Gastrointestinal losses of protein are more commonly associated with reductions in albumin and globulin.