See Fig 15.15 a,b for example. The electron carrier will be regenerated in the mitochondria Glycerophosphate Shuttle. Electrons from NADH transferred to glycerol phosphate by reducing dihydroxyacetone phosphate. This mechanism is found in liver, kidney and heart tissue. Phospholipases hydrolyze phospholipid into fatty acids and glycerol phosphate compounds Oxidation of fatty acids - even chain fatty acids.
First step occurs in cytosol - remainder of oxidation occurs in mitochondria.
See Table 17.1. When unsaturated fatty acids are oxidized, the position of the cis double bond relative to the carbonyl carbon is important. If the cis-double bond lies between the b and g carbons, the bond is isomerized to a trans bond and oxidation continues. 2 acetyl CoA molecules condense to form acetoacetate which reacts further to form b -hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone. Process is catalyzed by fatty acid synthase complex.