Ocular involvement may progress to ocular hemorrhage, glaucoma, or retinal detachment. CNS involvement is a very rare complication. In the absence of therapeutic intervention, skin lesions flatten with time. Both cutaneous and extracutaneous lesions involute spontaneously within 3-6 years. Hypopigmentation, mild atrophy, or anetoderma may persist.
Lesions can recur after resection.
In the absence of neurofibromatosis, no systemic health implications are involved. Vigilantly screen male patients with neurofibromatosis and JXG for leukemia. Ocular and neurologic disease is rare but may have serious long-term consequences. Patients with multiple JXGs have increased risk of chronic myelogenous leukemia, which more likely occurs in patients with coexistent neurofibromatosis. Ocular hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and glaucoma are more likely to occur in patients younger than 2 years with multiple JXGs.