The light we see is usually a mixture of all the different colors of light, bouncing off objects around us and eventually ending up at our eyes. Laser light is quite different for a few reasons. The most important are listed below and for each one, there is a simplified version of the properties of lasers and then a more exact but more complex version. If we split up white light, we can see all the colors of the rainbow but if we try to split up laser light, we find there is nothing except the single laser color. Light from a bulb or most other sources of light spreads out in many directions.
Laser light is quite different in that all the light is directed the same way.
Beams of laser light can be extremely tight over quite long distances. Light can be considered to be act like waves in some circumstances but particles in other circumstances. One way to think about laser light is to think of particles of light that have a wave-like nature. The important thing about laser light is that the wave parts of every particle are lined up perfectly. This is called coherent light.