Agreements and Treaties. The GOG is a party to the 1988 UN Convention and is attempting to meet the Convention's goals and objectives. Ghana is a party to the 1961 UN Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol as well as the 1971 UN Convention. A 1931 extradition treaty between the United Kingdom and the US is applicable to Ghana. The only illicit substance cultivated in Ghana, cannabis, is used for marijuana production, which continues to increase.
Cannabis is grown in rural areas throughout the country.
Drug Flow and Transit. Traffickers smuggle drugs through Ghana by road at the borders with Togo and the Cote d'Ivoire, by air through the international airport in Accra, and by sea via the ports of Tema and Takoradi. Cannabis moves from rural areas to urban centers, smuggled by boats and vehicles particularly to Togo, Cote d'Ivoire, the Canaries, Angola, and Liberia. Heroin trafficking in urban centers increased in 1995 as did transshipment of the drug to the US, the UK and other parts of Europe. Heroin traffickers continue to obtain their supplies from Hong Kong, Thailand, Nigeria, and Cote d'Ivoire.