State whether each of the following six propositions is true or false. Presidential candidates usually spend over a year running time-consuming and expensive campaigns. Candidates would greatly reduce their effort if they factored in their actions' probability of decisiveness.
Individual voters have low probability of decisiveness, but Presidential candidates have a lot.
One wrong word by a candidate can ruin his chances of victory. Both politicians maximize their chances of winning if they both offer the platform they expect the median voter wants. Thus, if they both care solely about winning, platforms converge. Uncertainty only leads to divergence if politicians care about policy as well as winning. Then they will accept a greater risk of losing the election in order to pursue their preferred policies.