Also specify any books, software, etc. Now you should write out a step by step procedure which includes approximate times for each step. Your very first act during the lesson should be to gain the students' attention and to motivate them to learn . This is where prior knowledge of the students' cultures, lifestyles, etc. can help. Another way to motivate students is to provide information on prospective careers related to the day's topic.
Discrepant events are also a very powerful tool.
Finally, the best learning takes place when play is blended with work . The students can and should have fun while they are learning science. After you have gained the student's attention you need to ascertain the concepts the students hold on the topic in question. This can be done through discussion, careful questioning, surveys, concept maps, etc. A very effective technique for beginning a lesson is to use an advance organizer .