Here is a hodge-podge of topics and key words that jump to mind. Material for the 2nd exam will not be limited to what appears here, but if it appears here, I probably consider it to be important since I remembered it. I have decided that I will provide relevant equations during the examination.
Equations are just useful tools for remembering how things are physically related.
You will be expected to know some basic facts about the Sun, stars, the Interstellar Medium, the Milky Way, galaxies, the expanding universe, and Active Galactic Nuclei. You will also be tested on concepts. There will be 30 multiple choice questions.