The department suggests staying indoors on days of severe cold and snow. When venturing out, skin and clothes should be dry. Light garments should be layered and well insulated. To prevent frostbite, seniors should avoid alcohol and smoking since both increase the rate at which the body cools. Seniors should wear hats or earmuffs since the body loses the greatest amount of heat through the scalp.
Ears are especially prone to frostbite.
Feet should be kept warm and dry. Seniors also should seek immediate medical treatment if they fall victim to hypothermia. Hypothermia occurs when the body 's temperature drops below 95 degrees due to the cold. Symptoms include shivering, stumbling, confusion, lack of coordination, apathy, slow pulse, slow breathing and unconsciousness. Friends, neighbors and family members should keep a watchful eye on seniors.