Something bent, here meaning odd twists of words. An archaic title for the official head of the Greenwich Observatory. A simple song. We are not coming for plate or gold Plate is, in this case, dishes or utensils plated in precious metals. Centrebit A drill bit for wood.
Life preserver A foot-long wooden club with a knob on the end used to stun a victim.
Silent matches Matches that light without a small tell-tale explosion, a fairly recent innovation. A hand lantern equipped with a sliding shutter that could be used to temporarily shut off the light. For well we trow Trow is to think, believe. The pirates would be tried there under Admiralty law. Take them to court.