Motorways loop their way through inner-cities, putting the convenience of drivers before everyone else s lives. The multi-story car parks add an air of isolation. In many ways the division between the inner-city and the suburb is economic. A few minutes drive away is a shopping mall with acres of parking for the cars which rumble in and out all day and into the evening. The inner-city is poor.
Fewer people have cars.
Exclusive shops are congregated near the few pockets of inner-city wealth. This division between rich and poor creates social tensions. These tensions erupted in the mid-1960s, with riots in the Watts sector of Los Angeles and in Detroit. In England, in the early 1980s, riots erupted in London s Brixton, and in towns like Birmingham and Liverpool. Superficially these were simple race riots.