In general, however, some consistent patterns have been observed across different samples. Sex differences in the direction and intensity of attitudes have been observed fairly consistently. It appears that heterosexuals tend to have more negative attitudes toward homosexuals of their own sex than of the opposite sex. . . . Experiential attitudes develop when affects and cognitions associated with specific interpersonal interactions are g eneralized to all lesbians and gay men. Note that experiential attitudes do not inevitably follow interactions.
Interactions have consequences for both beliefs and affects associated with lesbians and gay men.
At the same time, interpersonal encounters have an emotional impact that individuals can generalize to all lesbians and gay men. Thus, heterosexuals who know lesbians and gay men are better able than others to recognize stereotypes as inaccurate, and are more likely to express tolerant attitudes as well. For the present, however, we must assume that only a minority of people in the United States have attitudes based on experience. The remainder have formed their opinions and beliefs without the benefit of personal contact. Consequently, stereotypical beliefs about gay men and lesbians are prevalent, and it is appropriate here to discuss their forms and effects.