In Canada, the incidence of NTD is 1 to 4 cases per 1000 live births, with a recurrence rate of 2 percent. Studies have provided strong scientific support for maternal periconceptional use of folic acid as a means of significantly reducing the risk of NTDs.
Folic acid is B group vitamin found in leafy vegetables, fruits and organ meats.
All women with a previous pregnancy affected with the NTD should take 4.0 mg of folic acid daily after discontinuing a reliable birth control method. In the presence of pernicious anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency, the administration of folic acid may mask the neurological complications of the disease. Prior to administration of folic acid, any undiagnosed anaemia must be classified. Periconceptuional use of folic acid for reduction of the risk of neural tube defects. Recommendations on the use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects.