When the ovaries fail to develop it is called primary hypogonadism. Treatment is usually begun between the ages of 11-13 so that the secondary sex characteristics might develop and to stimulate optimal growth. A combination of estrogens and progestins are usually administered. Postmenopausal Some of the systemic symptoms of estrogen deficiency in menopause and after menopause can be alleviated by estrogens. These include hot flashes, sweating , and atrophic vaginitis .
Estrogens are also helpful in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis .
The smallest dose that will relieve the symptoms should be used. Local administration of estrogen to relieve the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis are very effective. Adverse Effects Hormone replacement therapy can cause breast tenderness, nausea and abnormal postmenopausal bleeding. These adverse effects can be avoided or minimized by using the smallest dose of estrogen possible. Estrogen therapy also is associated with hyperpigmentation, migraine headaches, hypertension , and gallbladder disease.