Those propagated by seeds are called seedling rootstocks and those propagated by cuttings are called clonal rootstocks. The most classic situation for clonal rootstocks is the apple semidwarf and dwarfs. Another fruit plant that is graphed to clonal rootstocks is grape. Dwarf trees are very popular for use in the home grounds. They take less room and are adapted to container growing.
Dwarf trees produce fruit of the same size, color and quality as larger standard tree.
Dwarf trees are developed through the use of dwarfing rootstocks or genetic manipulation. Genetic dwarfs usually have very short internodes and dense foliage but have to be pruned, fertilized and cared for in the same manner as a standard size tree. Fruit much sooner after planting. Bear less fruit per tree. Allows for planting more varieties without producing a large quantity of a particular variety.