Diseases such as polio and measles can be prevented by vaccination. Avoiding ticks and controlling mosquitoes can help prevent the illnesses carried by them. Certain antibiotics, like chloroquine, can help prevent malaria. Diagnosis of encephalitis begins with a medical history and physical examination. A spinal tap may be done to obtain a sample of the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord.
Brain damage is a possible long-term effect of encephalitis.
Some individuals will have permanent disability. Some of the organisms that cause encephalitis can spread from person to person. Treatment options vary, depending on the organism causing the encephalitis. Many of the medicines used to treat encephalitis may cause stomach upset or allergic reactions . Anticonvulsants may cause drowsiness .