Further study of the building of appropriate scientific attitudes is needed. The statements depend on attitudes that have an effect how students interpret and respond to the information in a physics course. Student readings and interpretations were clarified by detailed interviews. We conjectured that responses of increasingly sophisticated groups would agree with our predicted favorable responses. Overall The responses of the validation groups for each item are averaged.
Average results agree well with prediction.
Result of instruction is a loss, not a gain. Result of instruction is a loss, not a gain. All I learn from a derivation or proof of a formula is that the formula obtained is valid and that it is OK to use it in problems. I spend a lot of time figuring out and understanding at least some of the derivations or proofs given either in class or in the text. The derivations and proofs of equations in class or in the text has little to do with solving problems or with the skills I will need to succeed in this course.