The symptoms may include tightness in the chest, dyspnea, dizziness, frothy sputum, and cyanosis. Physical findings may include hypotension, weak, rapid pulse, moist rales, and hemoconcentration. In non-fatal cases, complete recovery may occur within a few days or weeks or, convalescence may be prolonged with frequent relapses and continued dyspnea and other signs and symptoms of pulmonary insufficiency. In severe exposures, death due to anoxia may occur within a few hours after onset of the symptoms of pulmonary edema or following a relapse. Bronchial irritation with cough and frequent attacks of bronchial pneumonia may occur.
Gastrointestinal disturbances are also possible.
Remove from exposure area to fresh air immediately. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. Maintain airway and blood pressure and administer oxygen if available. Keep affected person warm and at rest. Treat symptomatically and supportively.