Collectively, this suite of nine interrelated desired outcomes provides a reasonable initial perspective of ecosystem integrity, for which indicators can be selected to evaluate Agreement progress. The intent of these desired outcomes is to restore uses, rather than just protect resources. Data and Information Associated with each desired outcome is a body of relevant data and information. These can reflect absolute values, rates of change, ratios, quantitative assessments, or other considerations. They should be technically and scientifically based but also understandable and relevant.
Indicators provide a framework for collecting and reporting information.
To do this, one must understand how indicators are constructed. Once accepted, they can then be used to evaluate progress, reach conclusions, and make decisions about desired changes. At the bottom of the pyramid are primary data such as PCB levels in individual fish or the phosphorus loading from a particular municipality. Such data provide the scientific underpinnings to any conclusion about achieving a desired outcome. Basic data can be statistically evaluated and aggregated to yield processed or analyzed data, such as the average annual concentration in lake trout, or the annual phosphorus loading to a lake from all municipalities.