Immune cells also secrete neuro-peptides so the information flow is both ways between the immune system and the brain. The concept of a network implies that any node or point of the network has the ability to change the entire system. There is no heirarchy with gives one system more influence than another. This view is supported by the anatomical structure of the brain. Yet there is reason to believe that the structural divisions do not represent clear functional divisions.
Many alternative healers refer to the bodies innate intelligence.
The focus on the body as a part of the mind can be useful in reducing pain. In a state of meditation practitioners of yogi are able to reduce their respiratory rate and endure pain and cold. Western scientists refer to breathing techniques as relaxation therapy and find, not surprisingly, but with no attribution to ancient eastern medicine, that it is very effective in reducing pain. Recent evidence adds further understanding of the process. Deep breathing causes a change in the balance of certain peptides, including endorphorphins in the brain stem and in particularly the peri-aquaductal grey area.