In late 1995, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service had begun to consider downlisting this federally-endangered species, because its population had nearly reached recovery objectives. But in February 1996, islands in the Columbia River and the mainland deer refuge, which hold essential habitat for this species, experienced severe flooding. Half the Washington population of Columbian white-tailed deer was lost due to the floods. As state and federal biologists retrace steps toward recovery, they will address other threats to the herds. The deer have been impacted by the incursion of elk onto the refuge.
Elk compete for food in the deer's traditional areas.
Fawn survival also has been poor, as coyotes prey upon the young.