Generally however, both the commercial and the public television are received freely by anyone with a working set. In other words, no licence fees are charged. Thirdly, experiments with the idea of pay forms of television commenced in the 1950's and this culminated in subscription fees charged by cable TV and Satellite stations. In France, broadcasting is regulated by a High Council of Audio-visual, CSA, incepted in 1986. This is supported by two affiliates, High Authorities of Audiovisual Communication and the National Council of Communications and Freedom.
Broadcasting here is predominantly public series with some private involvement.
The private stations include TFI, M6, while Canal Plus is a coded station received in Africa as Canal Horizon. There are 50 private television, about 1,280 radio operators as well as TDFI, TDF2, CFI and MCM Africa on Satellite. Funding for broadcasting is through licence fees and commercial revenue. Licence fee for 1995 for instance, was 670 Francs for colour set and 430 Francs for black and white. In all these three nations there exists a high electronic media culture and a large audience appeal that is able to support and pay for broadcasting.