The male steenbok will mark out an exclusive territory, of which he will be protective. It would appear that the male will use such man made barriers as telegraph lines to mark out his territory. A characteristic of the steenbok is that before it defecates or urinates, it will first clear a spot with its front hooves and then, afterwards, cover over the contents by scraping soil over the spot. This marks the steenbok as the only bovine to scrape the ground before urinating. The steenbok mainly breeds around the October through December period, but this can occur at any time of the year.
Gestation period is five and a half months.
Babies are normally born singly. The steenbok is monogamous and will remain mated for life. The steenbok has been known to take refuge from predators in aardvark burrows. The burrows are also used as places for the female to breed. They can also serve as a type of nursery for the baby until it is able to fend for itself.