Aspirin, cephalothin, and phenobarbital are well-known causes of coagulation abnormalities in neonates. Stress ulcers in newborns are associated with dexamethasone, which can be used for fetal lung maturation. Whether any association exists with betamethasone is unknown at the time of release. Infants GI mucosal lesions and irritations are the most common causes of GI bleeding in infants and children. This category includes esophagitis, gastritis, duodenitis, ulcers, and anorectal disorders.
Intussusception is a frequent and important etiology.
Incidence of intussusception is greatest in infants aged 3 months to 1 year. Other causes include infectious diarrhea, midgut volvulus, Meckel diverticulum, arteriovenous malformation, and GI duplication. Rare causes include foreign body ingestions, variceal disease, and acquired thrombocytopenia. Children Patients may present with any of the above conditions. Duodenal ulcer, Mallory-Weiss tear, and nasopharyngeal bleeding are important causes of bleeding in older children.