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Fresh water is pumped into the refuge from a nearby stream and empties into Pearl Harbor.
Honouliuli , also a fresh water wetland, is extensively managed for a variety of waterbirds including Hawaii's endangered waterbirds and migrant waterfowl. Through organized efforts, volunteer groups enjoy periodic clean-up days at the refuge to help remove exotic vegetation, clear outlet ditches, and repair fences. Margo Stahl, Assistant Refuge Manager, directs native plantings at the Honouliuli Unit of the Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge. Vegetation was removed by hand to create habitat for native Hawaiian waterbirds at the Honouliuli Unit of the Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge. Other native plants the night blooming Maiapilo with beautiful fragrant flowers, the hinahina, a very dense, soft, and silky-looking plant, and Naio, one of the few natives that is a strong competitor against alien grasses.