Insufficient potassium can also exaggerate the effects of sodium.
The first sign of a potassium deficiency is usually a generalized weakness. Mineral imbalances can occur from starvation diets, but more commonly results from excessive fluid loss from sweating, diarrhea, or the use of diuretics and laxatives. Since potassium has not been one of the nutritional values required in food labeling, determining the amount of dietary potassium has been more difficult than, for example, sodium or fat content in foods. For general guidelines, Duke University Medical Center and the American Kidney Foundation have divided foods into low, moderate and high potassium groups. Patients on potassium-restricted diets should avoid them, or eat them sparingly, as advised by their nutritionist.