Top managers are upper-level executives who guide and control the overall fortunes of the organization. Middle managers implement the strategy and major policies handed down from the top level of the organization. First-line managers coordinate and supervise the activities of operating employees. Areas of Management. An organizational structure can be divided more or less vertically into areas of management specialization.
Financial managers are primarily responsible for the organization's financial resources.
Operations managers create and manage the systems that convert resources into goods and services. Marketing managers facilitate the exchange of products between the organization and its customers or clients. Human Resources Managers. Human resources managers are charged with managing the organization's formal human resources programs. In general, effective managers are those who possess certain important skills and are able to use these skills in a number of managerial roles.