Several regions in the country that are earthquake prone have traditionally built houses that minimise the damage to life and property and stand up well when earth becomes fluid momentarily. These techniques are based on traditional materials and good old-fashioned, common sense architecture. The wisdom and attention to detail can be applied to modern materials as well. Notwithstanding that, all houses, big or small, can be made safer. Structures can be made to withstand earthquakes of a particular magnitude by taking certain precautions.
Buildings collapse as a result of inertial forces.
During an earthquake, the lower part of a building tends to vibrate as it is in direct contact with the ground. The forces of inertia, however, keep the upper portions static. This conflict of forces leads to collapse. If the structure is light, people are less likely to die in case of a collapse. Avoiding compression structures like domes, vaults and arches is another option, says Delhi-based architect Arunav Das Gupta, professor at Tulsi Vidya Bharati School of Habitat Studies.