Economics tells us that we can benefit when these goods and services are traded. Firms do exactly that quite naturally on the domestic market. Most firms recognize that the bigger the market the greater their potential - they can expand until they are at their most efficient size, and they can have access to large numbers of customers. But success in trade is not static. The ability to compete well in particular products can shift from company to company when the market changes or new technologies make cheaper and better products possible.
Experience shows that competitiveness can also shift between whole countries.
A country that may have enjoyed an advantage because of lower labor costs or because it had good supplies of some natural resources, could also become uncompetitive in some goods or services as its economy develops. However, with the stimulus of an open economy, the country can move on to become competitive in some other goods or services. This is normally a gradual process. When the trading system is allowed to operate without the constraints of protectionism, firms are encouraged to adapt gradually and in a relatively painless way. The alternative is protection against competition from imports, and perpetual government subsidies.