E Region Coherent Echoes. High resolution observations of E-region coherent echoes using low elevation angle measurements to the north and analysis of raw data records. Geomagnetically disturbed conditions are required. Clear weather is required. Elevation scans to the north and south and local 3-position data will be taken.
Clear weather is required.
Coordinated radar and optical observations. Radar measurements taken in 10 directions will allow estimation of spatial gradients. Clear weather is required. Incoherent Scatter Coordinated Observation Days. Long pulses at two fixed positions to the north will allow estimation of high latitude electric fields with good time resolution.