Transmission to the infant is thought to be mainly through direct contact during birth but there are reports of infections in infants whose mothers underwent elective C-sections. We do not recommend C-sections for mothers with a history of HPV or warts. If warts are visible in the genital area, sexual contact should be avoided until the warts are treated. Using a latex condom during sexual intercourse may provide some protection. Researchers are working to develop two types of HPV vaccines.
Clinical trials are in progress for both types of vaccines.