Almonds were cultivated as an oilseed crop and later became a nut crop. In the U.S., they are mostly grown in California. We can grow almonds competitively because of mechanization. Mediterranean, Australia, S. Africa etc. High in protein.
Chestnuts are extremely popular in Europe and in Asia.
This is the common cultivated species. They are also much more popular in Europe than here. High in oil. These nuts are native to the near east and central Asia. They have been cultivated for over 3000 years.