The students will count the total number of marks that have landed inside any of the circles. Divide this number by the total number of circles to find the area of one circle. Relate this to Rutherford's experiments to find the size of the nucleus. Explain that to be completely parallel there would be only one or two circles on the page, but that then you would need at least 500 to 1000 drops of the pencil to get an adequate sampling. Have each group construct a model of a helium atom, using toothpicks and gumdrops.
Color code the atom, using a different color for protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Introduce wave theory. Explain that each element has a unique wavelength k associated with it. Introduce modern physics by explaining that the word modern is extremely relative. Any music more recent than the nineteenth century composers Verdi and Wagner is considered modern. In physics, nothing older than yesterday is classified as modern.