Recent papers in this area have addressed, for example, the study of initialization bias through regenerative process theory, the application of importance sampling to telecommunications problems, interactions between metamodel estimation and variance reduction, gradient estimation, and optimal selection. Papers making substantive theoretical contributions or addressing important applications are particularly welcome. The accuracy is assessed through a variety of activities such as verification, validation, and accreditation. Verification deals with substantiating that a model is transformed from one form into another, as intended, with sufficient accuracy. Validation deals with substantiating that a model, within its domain of applicability, behaves with satisfactory accuracy consistent with the study objectives.
Accreditation deals with the official determination of model credibility.
Verification, validation, or accreditation is conducted by performing testing.