We live so immersed in the wreckage of the past five hundred years of European and Euroamerican colonialism that we tend to forget or never learn that the origin of its most odious by-product, white supremacy, began earlier, in Ireland, where color per se was not the defining rationalization for dominance. Swords or words. At a critical juncture in the discourse of identity politics in the United States and nation building in the formerly colonized world, it may be useful to call on the prescient voice of James Joyce. Copyright by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz. The Working Papers Series in Cultural Studies, Ethnicity, and Race Relations is published under the sponsorship of the Department of Comparative American Cultures at Washington State University, Pullman, Washington.
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