Status ends if employment ends. Two-year home residence requirement in some cases limits future visa options of visitor. No two-year requirement. Can transfer to other J sponsor for similar activity within 3-year limit. Change of sponsor or position requires new H application.
Dependents can work with INS permission.
Dependents cannot work. J program managed by US State Department. INS not involved when new J-1 is comes from abroad. One form needed to obtain or extend visa. Prevailing wage assessment, Labor Condition Application and 10-day posting required.