Redness and blisters may result from dermal exposure to benzene. Animal studies show neurologic, immunologic, and hematologic effects from inhalation and oral exposure to benzene. Menstrual disorders and a decreased size of ovaries have been observed in women occupationally exposed to high levels of benzene. Several occupational studies suggest that benzene may impair fertility in women exposed to high levels. However, these studies are limited due to lack of exposure history, simultaneous exposure to other substances, and lack of followup.
Benzene occurs as a volatile, colorless, highly flammable liquid that dissolves easily in water.
It is also used as a chemical intermediate. Benzene is also used in the manufacture of detergents, explosives, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs. Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. National Toxicology Information Program, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD. 1993.