The quantity and quality of exposure to the first and second languages. The students' level of proficiency in the first language when the second language was introduced. The age of the child at the time of second language acquisition. The social distance between the student s culture and the culture of the second language. The planning and implementation of interventions for bilingual students must also be based on the knowledge of theory and research in language development, second language acquisition, and effective language strategies.
Bilingual children can develop high levels of literacy and proficiency in both languages.
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