The Karakalpaks have a history of being expert craftsmen. They are also recognized for their work with leather, wood, and bone. Their music, which has been passed down from generation to generation, reflects an ancient oral tradition. The Karakalpaks are primarily Sunni Muslims and are orthodox in their beliefs and practices. In fact, religious customs are better observed by the Karakalpaks than by any other Central Asian Muslim nationality.
Circumcision is practiced as a national tradition.
For several decades, the Soviet government diverted water from the tributaries of the Aral Sea to irrigate the cotton fields of Uzbekistan. The water that does reach the sea is usually filled with fertilizer, sewage, and pesticides. The health of the Karakalpaks has deteriorated, especially those who live near the Aral Sea. Pesticides and fertilizer have polluted the drinking water, and traces of the same have even been found in the milk of nursing mothers. Sanitary conditions, even in hospitals, are deplorable.