Gills are usually found at the base of the legs but may also be found on other parts of the head and thorax. There are only about 20 species of stoneflies known in Texas. Mating takes place on the ground or on vegetation. Naiads develop in the water and may take from three month to one year or more. Thereafter, they move to the edge of streams and crawl out on rocks or vegetation and molt into adults.
Adults appear in winter or spring, depending on the species.
They are usually associated with well oxygenated streams or sections of lakes with plenty of wave action. They are predatory on a variety of other aquatic insects and invertebrates. Adults can be found along the edges of streams on vegetation or attracted to lights. Some are active at night and may be found at lights. Adults can be found at lights or on stream side vegetation.