This chapter presents an integrated theory of evaluation influence that is broader than previous constructs of use and includes the dimensions of source, intention, and time. Partnerships Lyn M. Shulha A case study of a needs assessment process that employs a learning oriented approach to evaluation and use illustrates how a group of teachers reconceptualized their role in shaping their organization. This chapter adopts a constructivist learning view of evaluation and argues for a more complex understanding of use that positions the evaluator as a partner in the construction of knowledge. This chapter argues that by defining the success of evaluation according established notions of use, we limit evaluation's ability to achieve its true goal of social betterment. This chapter reviews selected major shifts in evaluation practice since the 1960s that relate to the expanded notions of evaluation use presented in this volume.
Challenges pertaining to evaluation use in evolving current practice are also highlighted.