If the plantar fascia, a long band of connecting tissue running from the heel to the ball of the foot, is over-stretched, it can cause a bone growth, or spur, to develop. This connective tissue holds the arch together and acts as a shock absorber during activity. The pain results from the stress and inflammation of the plantar fascia pulling on the bone. Sometimes, rest will relieve heel spurs. Corns are yellowish, callus growths that develop on top of the toes.
Corns develop because of abuse or stress.
Often, a corn develops where a toe rubs against a shoe or another toe. Corns can cause extreme discomfort and pain. A bunion is a protrusion of bone or tissue around a joint. Bunions may occur at the base of the great toe or at the base of the little toe, and often occur when the joint is stressed over a period of time. Women are more frequently affected because they may wear tight, pointed, and confining shoes.