Purple umbels of carrot inbred B7262 petaloid male sterile. Purple roots of carrot inbred B7262. They are also important for humans, attracting our attention and providing us with nutrients. Major plant pigments include carotenoids, anthocyanins and other flavonoids, betalains, and chlorophylls. They occur in all green plants and are localized in plastids.
Chlorophylls capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy.
They rarely occur outside of photosynthetic tissue. Flavonoids in flowers and fruit provide visual cues for animal pollinators and seed dispersers to locate their target. They also occur in most other plant parts and in most genera. Flavonoids are located in the cytoplasm and plastids. Plant pigments are important cues to humans and other herbivorous animals in helping identify plants, find plant parts such as fruit, leaves, stems, roots, or tubers, and determine stages of plant development such as fruit ripeness or overall senescence.