Resistance, which is measured in ohms, acts as a drag on the signal, restricting the flow of electrons through the circuit and causing some of the signal to be absorbed by the cable. The longer the cable, the more resistance it offers. Due to its electrical properties, a cable not only resists the initial flow of the current, it opposes any change in the current. In an inductive reaction, a current's movement through a cable creates a magnetic field. This field will induce a voltage that will work against any change in the original current.
Capacitance is a property that is exhibited by two wires when they are placed close together.
The electrons on the wires act upon each other, creating an electrostatic charge that exists between the two wires. This charge will oppose change in a circuit's voltage. Capacitance is measured in farads or picofarads. Reactance can distort the changes in voltage that signify the ones and zeros in a digital signal. For example, if the signal calls for a one followed by a zero, reactance will resist the switch from voltage to no voltage, possibly causing the load to misidentify what the voltage represents.