Very little in the end. At common law, you are done for at once. In Equity, you are not so easily disposed of. The former is a bullet which is instantaneously and charmingly effective. The latter, an angler's hook, which plays the victim before it kills him.
Common law is acid, equity is opium.
Thus, states may be comprised of one or several nations. These two basic legal safeguards govern all decisions by judges or government officials when they take quasi-judicial or judicial decisions. Many trade transactions are chain-like. Negligence, if it causes injury to another, can give rise to a liability suit under tort . Negligence is always assessed having regards to the circumstances and to the standard of care which would reasonably be expected of a person in similar circumstances.