Ash is extremely fine fragments of lava ejected from a vent. Cinder is lava that has lots of vesicles and lands on the ground solid. Spatter is just what it sounds like. Lapili, also called Pele's Tears, are sphere or teardrop shaped droplets of lava. Pele's Hair is fine strands of volcanic glass that stretches in the air.
Bombs are large blocks of lava about the size of a coconut.
Lastly, reticulite is sponge-like, glassy foam that forms when air mixes with lava.