They range from southern Canada down through South America. In the United States there are seventeen subspecies of white-tailed deer, ranging from the diminutive Key deer of southern Florida weighing only 80 pounds, to the Northern Woodland whitetails in places like Minnesota that regularly achieve 300 pounds in weight. Whitetails breed once a year, with the mating season taking place in autumn. The timing of the rut is critical. May. Whitetails are considered prolific breeders, and frequently give birth to twins.
Bucks grow new antlers each year.
Antlers denote status in the whitetail population, and are used in sparring with other males when competing for mates. The whole process begins again then the next spring. Because of their prolific nature, whitetails are very numerous. There are probably more white-tailed deer in North America today than there were at the time of European first contact. This wasn't always the case.