The group with the lower average productivity will tend to be paid less on average and have fewer opportunities for employment and promotion. Discrimination violates principles of fairness, merit, and the payment of wages based on productivity. 352-355 A model of labor market discrimination. Employee prejudices c. Customer prejudices. The statistics are averages what lies behind them is some Blacks have higher incomes than some whites, but most Blacks have lower incomes than most whites.
Blacks have on average lower levels of human capital and live in regions with low wages.