Some seismologists do have earthquake insurance. Although scientists have long tried to predict earthquakes, no reliable method has been discovered. Seismicity in the Pacific Northwest has only been extensively studied for a couple of decades, and seismologists are still trying to understand the frequency and hazards of earthquakes in our region. Click Here for a more in depth discussion on earthquake prediction. Some types of faulting are driven by extension, others by compression.
Animations show the various fault types.
Foreshocks are earthquakes which precede larger earthquakes in the same location. As a general rule, aftershocks represent minor readjustments along the portion of a fault that slipped at the time of the main shock. The frequency of these aftershocks decreases with time. Each step of one in magnitude is an increase of ten times the amount of ground motion amplitude, corresponding to thirty-two times the amount of 'elastic' energy in the form of seismic waves. So a magnitude 6 quake has over 1,000 times as much energy as a magnitude 4 quake, and a 100 fold increase in ground motion amplitude.