Penetration of the defense mechanisms that have allowed the person with alcohol dependence to continue drinking is difficult, and involves confrontation by the family or people close to the affected person who are aware of the problem. The person should be confronted when sober, not while drinking or recovering from a drinking episode. Once the problem has been recognized, total abstinence from alcohol is the only effective treatment. Supportive programs are available to offer detoxification, rehabilitation, and aftercare or follow-up. Because alcoholism creates victims of people associated closely with the alcoholic, treatment for family members through counseling is often necessary.
Detoxification is the first phase of treatment.
Alcohol is withdrawn under a controlled, supervised setting. Tranquilizers and sedatives are often prescribed to control alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Detoxification usually takes 4 to 7 days. Examination for other medical problems is necessary. Liver disease and blood clotting problems are common.