Remuneration is collected by the RRO in the country where the works are copied. In the case of Type A reciprocal agreements, the proportion of such remuneration which relates to works of rightholders represented by a partner RRO is paid to that RRO for distribution. Some RROs have chosen to conclude Type B reciprocal agreements where no transfer of remuneration between countries takes place. This may, for example, apply where the amounts collected on behalf of rightholders in the other country are relatively small. The participation of authors and publishers in the collective administration of reprographic reproduction rights is fundamental.
Different approaches exist.
In some countries the division of remuneration between authors and publishers is regulated by legislation. The traditional approach in common-law countries allows authors and publishers to order their own affairs through individual contracts. For example, in the United States individual authors and publishers decide on the division of royalties for each type of use of each type of work. As there is no single objective basis for the split of remuneration between authors and publishers, in some countries such division is decided by arbitration or an equivalent procedure. Sharing of remuneration between authors and publishers can differ according to the type of material.