The Food Guide Pyramid was developed by the USDA in 1992 as a visual representation of what they consider to be the components of a healthful diet for everyone over age two. The base of their revised pyramid is narrowed, signifying the reduced energy intake common among seniors. With an estimated energy intake of 1200 to 1600 calories per day, elderly consumers have to make every calorie count in order to get enough of essential nutrients. Icons throughout the grains, fruits, and vegetable tiers of the pyramid highlight the importance of fiber in a healthful diet. This is advice important for seniors but applicable to all adults, since most Americans eat less than the 20 grams of daily fiber recommended by the American Dietetic Association.
Adequate hydration is a chronic problem for many seniors.
Decreased thirst sensation is common with aging, and some medications affect a body's ability to regulate fluid balance. Dehydration worsens symptoms of kidney dysfunction and constipation. To combat this problem, this alternative pyramid advises seniors to drink at least 8 glasses of fluids a day. The Tufts researchers point out that these dietary recommendations are aimed at healthy, mobile seniors with the resources needed to prepare adequate meals. It it not designed to consider the special dietary needs of those with significant health problems, nor does it address socioeconomic factors, such as decreased income and mobility, that make it harder for many seniors to meet nutrient needs.