This is important, because some cattle species eat less when it is hot. Providing shade for the animals can mean a 15 to 20 percent weight gain, based on research in the tropics. But cattle should be turned into a silvopasture only after young trees are well established, about 3 or 4 years after planting. And a sufficient number of trees should be planted to avoid soil compaction from too many cattle seeking relief from summer heat underneath too few trees. That's one way to generate added income.
Blanche points out that trees can also be used for pulpwood, timber, and pine straw production.
Tall fescue is one of the most dominant grass species in the Midsouth area and the major source of winter browsing for animals. Controlling competing vegetation while trees are getting established is important for best seedling survival and growth. Alley Cropping Another profitable alternative for the farmer with limited acreage is planting crops between tree rows. Alley cropping gives farmers an alternative income while they're waiting for their trees to grow. They could grow and sell corn, for example, in addition to raising livestock.