Phase 3 . A loud, thumping sound, similar to that in Phase 1 but less clear, replaces the murmurs. Phase 4 . A muffled sound abruptly replaces the thumping sounds of Phase 3 . Phase 5 .
All sounds disappear.
A normal blood pressure measurement for a given individual depends on a person's age, sex, heredity, and environment. When these factors are taken into account, blood pressure measurements that are chronically elevated may indicate a state deleterious to the health of the person. This condition is called hypertension and is a major contributing factor in heart disease and stroke. The cuff, designed to fit around the upper arm, can be expanded by pumping a rubber bulb connected to the cuff. The pressure gauge, scaled in millimeters, indicates the pressure inside the cuff.