In acrodynia, no reflex dilatation of the peripheral vessels occurs in response to heat. Vasoconstriction is abolished only when the nerve supply to the arterioles is interrupted. Acrodynia most often occurs in infants and young children. The age of onset is between 4 months and 8 years. Newborns and adults appear to be less susceptible to the disease.
Children initially become listless, drowsy, and irritable.
There is a tendency to cry. Anorexia and subsequent weight loss can occur. Hypotonia, the ability to hyperextend or overextend the limbs, and atrophy of muscles are noted. A child will refuse to walk. The skin changes are characteristic.