The lamina propria , a densely cellular connective tissue, is just below the epithelium. The uterine glands are tubular in character and are lined with secretory cuboidal or columnar epithelium. They jut down into the lamina propria . The glands may be straight, coiled or even branched. In the cow and ewe, glands are absent in the caruncular areas.
Caruncles have an especially densely cellular lamina propria through which pass many blood vessels.
The muscularis or myometrium is the muscle tissue layer surrounding the endometrium. It may be as much as one-half inch in thickness when contracted in some of the larger species. The smooth muscle fibers are held together by connective tissue. The layer may be divided into partially distinct sub-layers. The inner consists of mostly circular fibers whereas the middle is composed of mostly circularly or spirally arranged fibers with large blood vessels interspersed among them.