Counseling is available for the family of an identified individual. Clinical Outcome without Screening and Treatment Lifespan expectancy is reduced. Convulsions and hyperactivity are common among untreated individuals. Clinical Outcome with Screening and Treatment Normal early growth and development are expected. Normal range of intelligence is possible with optimal dietary control.
Dietary control needs to be maintained throughout life.
Adverse side effects are seen in patients who do not follow the regulated diet, including memory deficits and other mental problems. Previously, few PKU individuals had children of their own. Now, individuals diagnosed with PKU through newborn genetic screening lead normal lives and must address these issues. Test Measurement of the blood phenylalanine level uses a dried blood spot as sample. Automated tests are now used in a number of states.