B. Mendel's Experimental Approach 1. Mendel used the garden pea in his experiments. Some Terms Used in Genetics 1. Genes carry encoded information about specific traits. Each gene has a locus on a chromosome.
Alleles are various molecular forms of a gene for the same trait.
If homozygous, both alleles are the same. If heterozygous, the alleles differ. Genotype is the sum of the genes, and phenotype is how the genes are expressed. Mendel's Theory of Segregation A. Predicting Outcomes of Monohybrid Crosses 1. Mendel's first experiments were monohybrid crosses.