Each one has actual switches and hand controllers to maneuver a computer model of the arm and the payload. This simulator utilizes real hardware, which includes a hydraulic robot arm, payload mock-ups, and cameras. This is used to train the crew in joint EVA and arm operations. The Commander also flies the shuttle during approach and landing, and is trained and ready to take over from the computers and fly at all other times. The Pilot is the Commander's understudy, and is fully trained to do all the same tasks as required.
Commanders fly at least once as Pilots before they move into the left seat.
Both participate in experiments and on-orbit operations, with some limitations. They are not allowed to do spacewalks, as we can't afford to have them stuck outside during an emergency deorbit. They also don't normally operate the Canadarm, as it is a specialized task separate from flying the vehicle.