This reaction is repeated many times, as each amino acid in turn is added to the growing polypeptide. The AUG codon base-pairs with the anticodon of tRNA carrying methionine. A large ribosomal subunit binds to the complex, and the reactions of protein synthesis itself can begin. Of course, it would be more straightforward to have each amino acid coded for by only one codon, but nature appears to have chosen a more complex route. When the ribosome reaches one of the three codons for which there is no matching tRNA, the ribosome falls off and the synthesized protein is released.
Amino acids represent quite a broad spectrum of different chemical structures.
With the generation of a protein with a specific amino acid sequence using essentially the genetic information present in the DNA, the link between genetic and functional information is complete. RNA editing Over the last couple of years, it has become obvious that the sequence present in DNA does not always dictate literally the sequence of the protein. The function of RNA editing has not been elucidated yet. Questions, Chapter 3 1.