In a voltaic cell a spontaneous reaction is taking place and producing electric current. The gain of electrons takes place at the cathode. Measuring the potential of a cell provides a direct determination of the free energy of the cell reaction. Sodium metal and chlorine gas are produced in an electrolytic cell containing aqueous NaCl. Faraday s number is the amount of charge in Coulombs of one mole of electrons.
Carbon compounds are central in the chemistry of life.
Carbon is very versatile in forming covalent compounds. Carbon can bond to a maximum of four atoms. Carbon forms covalent bonds with atoms such as H, N, O, Cl, and F. 8.