Aphaeresis is the removal of the beginning of a word, the opposite of prothesis, as mitte for omitte , temno for contemno 5. Syncope is removal from the middle of a word, the opposite of epenthesis, as audacter for audaciter , commorat for commoverat . Apocope is removal from the end of a word, the opposite of paragoge, as Achilli for Achillis and pote for potest . Systole is shortening, the opposite of ectasis, as aquosus Orion , since Orion ought to be said with a long first o. 9. This is called by some syncrisis.
Antithesis is the substitution of letter for letter, as olli for illi .
Note that Donatus was aware that there were other people who used other terms, and that many of his definitions do not hold today, as in the case of antithesis.