Gestational diabetes is a condition in which the glucose level is elevated and other diabetic symptoms appear during pregnancy in a woman who has not previously been diagnosed with diabetes.
All diabetic symptoms disappear following delivery.
Unlike type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes is not caused by a lack of insulin, but by blocking effects of other hormones on the insulin that is produced, a condition referred to as insulin resistance . Approximately 3 to 5 percent of all pregnant women in the United States are diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Although the cause of gestational diabetes is not known, there are some theories as to why the condition occurs. The placenta supplies a growing fetus with nutrients and water, as well as produces a variety of hormones to maintain the pregnancy. This is called contra-insulin effect , which usually begins about 20 to 24 weeks into the pregnancy.