Germ cell tumors represent about 3 percent of all childhood cancers. The most common sites for metastasis are the lungs, liver, lymph nodes, and central nervous system. Rarely, germ cell tumors can spread to the bone, bone marrow, and other organs. The cause of germ cell tumors is not completely understood. A number of inherited defects have also been associated with an increased risk of developing germ cell tumors including the central nervous system and genitourinary tract malformations and major malformations of the lower spine.
Cryptorchidism can occur alone, however, and is also present in some genetic syndromes.
Some genetic syndromes caused by extra or missing sex chromosomes can cause incomplete or abnormal development of the reproductive system. The following are the most common symptoms of germ cell tumors. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. Always consult your child s physician for a diagnosis.