The committees report to the Senate upon the completion of their inquiries. In addition, the Legislation Committees examine the annual reports of government departments and agencies. This process provides a vehicle for those committees to examine the performance of departments. These committees are able to inquire into how government policy already implemented is affecting the community, whether a proposed government policy will be beneficial to the community, or whether problems exist in the community which the government ought to be addressing. They also inquire into bills referred to them, on any other matter which the Senate believes ought to be examined.
Committees advertise the terms of reference of their inquiries and invite written submissions.
Later, they hold public hearings to take evidence in person. Public hearings are often held outside Canberra, at the sources of the information. Government ministers, departmental officials, experts in the field, and community groups and individuals with an interest in the matter may all appear. In this way, the opinions of a wide range of people are heard, and a great deal of useful information is gathered. Inquiries conclude with the presentation of a report to the Senate.