Gynoecium median . Placentation axile . Polar nuclei fusing prior to fertilization. Endosperm formation nuclear. Embryogeny chenopodiad .
Capsules usually loculicidal .
Seeds endospermic . Physiology, biochemistry . Iridoids not detected. Aluminium accumulation not found. C 3 physiology recorded directly in Cantua , Gilia , Phlox , Polemonium .