Other cases can be controlled, to reduce the risk of fracture and disability. Dairy products are good sources of calcium. People who avoid dairy products can obtain calcium from other foods and from calcium supplements. Vitamin D is needed to help the body absorb calcium. Weight-bearing exercises such as walking and lifting make bones stronger.
Bones respond to lack of exercise by getting weaker, as muscles do.
Ask your primary care provider for advice about how to prevent or control osteoporosis. Women who have reached menopause should seek advice about the pros and cons of hormone replacement therapy and of other ways to prevent bone loss. Other factors influence bone health and may increase one's risk of developing osteoporosis. Some of these include eating disorders, cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol use, and the use of certain types of medications.