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Coloration is grayish brown above and whitish below, and the tail is dark above and white below.
Coloration is mottled yellowish black above and grayish below, and the terminal two-thirds of the tail is white. M. major has coarser pelage than does M. elegans. Macruromys superficially resembles Uromys caudimaculatus, but its tail has overlapping scales like those of Rattus, with each scale carrying three hairs. Macruromys is also distinguished by its remarkably small and simple molar teeth, a character partly shared with Anisomys. Both species of Macruromys occur in mountains.