However, personal preparation, which may include self-examination, private confession, prayer, fasting, reconciliation with others, and meditation, is encouraged. Baptized persons of Lutheran and other Christian faith communities are welcomed to the Lord's Table. Because of the universal nature of the church, Lutherans may participate in eucharistic services of other Christian churches. As a visitor, one should respect the practice of the host congregation. In certain circumstances grape juice is used.
Communicants normally receive both bread and wine.
Under certain circumstances the reception of only one element is acceptable. A loaf of bread and the common cup are rich biblical symbols of the unity of the church. The presider is to be an ordained minister. As an extension of the congregation's celebration of the Eucharist, trained and designated lay members may distribute Holy Communion following the worship service. At other times, ordained persons may celebrate the sacrament with those unable to participate in public worship.