Round Dancing is basically choreographed ballroom dancing with all couples dancing the same figures around the floor. Thousands of routines have been choreographed to match specific music.
Dancers are able to concentrate more on how they are executing figures and dancing as one person.
Since there are far too many routines to memorize, a cuer calls out the name of each figure in the routine just before it is to be executed. Round Dancers learn from day 1 to associate each foot pattern with the figure name. This makes it easier to teach future routines since the dancer has a repertoire of figures at their fingertips. This is not to say that Round Dancing is better than conventional ballroom. Rather, the two complement each other.