Magnesium, copper, phosphorus and potassium are all examples of minerals. Proteins can be found in many foods but are more abundant in meat, fish, eggs, milk and diary products. Proteins are needed in the building of and restoration of body tissues. Proteins are not normally stored or accumulated like carbohydrates or fats. That means that they must be consumed periodically, according to a person's sports or daily activities and to a person's muscle mass.
Carbohydrates supply energy to the body.
The main difference between the two is the rate of absorption into the body. They serve as long-term energy. They do not potentate weight gain like the simple carbs. They provide the body with energy too. They keep the body functioning properly.