Ross Beyers from Virginia found that split tires were more effective than other stations that he tested. Mow between rows and between trees in each row. Remove any shrubs and tall grass at least 200 feet around the orchard. Never place straw or any type of mulch that will attract voles around the tree. Set out bait stations 2 to 3 months before baiting.
Check bait periodically for mold.
Move stations to active runs. Avoid placing bait immediately before or immediately after a rain storm. Zinc phosphide is not a good repeat bait. Read the label and follow it carefully. Acquire any necessary permits before you apply any type bait.