The damage they inflict depend on the type of blade they have. Polearms come in a wide variety. Bows are light, ranged weapons. They inflict a medium amount of damage and have a very fast attack speed depending on their size. Bows include the small crossbow to the composite hunter's bow.
Bows require arrows.
Arrows can be bought or found. If they don't break, they will be retrievable to use again. There are a few weapons that don't fit into a category. These weapons are all different. There are too many to name here.