Cryptography Cryptography and cryptanalysis, its related field, concerns itself with the design and analysis of algorithms for encrypting and decrypting information. We'll discuss cryptography's vital relationship to security in the sections below. Confidentiality Confidentiality is the process of protecting data from unauthorized use or users. Simply put, it means that only the intended recipient of a message can make sense of it. If you're exchanging sensitive information with someone else, you want to be absolutely sure that only the intended recipient of the message can make sense of the message and, in the eventuality that it falls into wrong hands, the message becomes effectively useless.
Confidentiality is accomplished by some form of cryptographic technique.
The authentication process confirms the user's identity. The user could be a software entity or a human. A principal is the party whose identity is verified. Associated with a principal is a set of credentials . To work properly, Kerberos fundamentally assumes that the clocks in a distributed system are synchronized.