Indeed, the number of parents may not be as important as how stable and calm the household environment is, who provides primary care for the children, and whether other family members or role models exist. Studies have shown, for example, that grandmothers often play an important role in preventing children from developing antisocial behavior,1 especially those children born to teen mothers. In essence, children with access to an extended family and other role models can thrive even in a single-parent home. The cause of this may be that the boys look at their stepfathers as competitors, rather than role models who normally help children develop self-esteem. Ethnic identity may be another factor that influences criminal behavior.
Children pick up behavioral cues from their parents and other family members.
Some of these behaviors are expressions of the family's ethnic background. By learning and repeating them, children contribute further to their self-concept. The Project is studying how this affects criminal behavior. While studying family influence, Project researchers will interview children, their parents, and other caregivers. Individuals who commit crimes live in every neighborhood and every city.