The worst offense is to the toes. Shoes are guilty of stealing the strength and agility from digits that should be as useful as our fingers. The result is that the foot is weaker and less stable than it should be. Often designers will try to compensate by building stronger arches into the shoes. When normal healthy arches are supported, they become weaker.
Arches are to healthy feet what crutches are to healthy legs - useless and unnecessary.
Still, many runners are encouraged to find shoes that will do the work of their feet for them. In addition to tiring the runner out, it unbalances the stride. Any additional weight on the end of a lever as long as your leg becomes a significant obstacle to overcome. The excess in torque and the slowing of the timing of your stride can result in many problems. You have to be meticulous in your choice.