Benzyl benzoate is the most widely-used antiseptic. Emollient protectors act by forming a film over the skin, reducing moisture loss and the associated irritation. Skin protection is important because pruritus and irritation may be caused by faecal material. Medications of this type are applied externally and internally, except glycerine, which should be applied externally only. The most widely-used emollient protectors are aluminium hydroxide and zinc oxide.
Astringents alleviate the pruritus, irritation and pain produced by haemorrhoids.
They may be applied externally or internally. The most widely-used astringents are zinc oxide and hamamelis water. Rubefacients give a refreshing warm sensation. They should be used externally only, not in the anorectal canal. Camphor is used for this purpose.