Ph.D. - University of Groningen, The Netherlands, 1975. The Netherlands, 1969. Microbiology and Biochemistry. The main interest of my laboratory is centered around the study of the dual role of metals and oxygen as essential and toxic elements in biological systems.
All projects use marine organisms as experimental animals.
Gronen, S.N., Denslow, N., Manning, S., Barnes, S., Barnes, D., and Brouwer, M. 1999. Brouwer, M., and Hoexum Brouwer, T. 1998. Brouwer, M., Hoexum Brouwer, T., Grater, W., Enghild, J., and Thogersen, I. 1997. Brouwer, M. 1996. Role of Metallothionein in Intracellular Metal Metabolism and in Activation of Copper and Zinc-Dependent Proteins.