A large list of scientists working on cryptography. Cypherpunk people and computer security people are listed on the same site. The Handbook of Applied Cryptography by Menezes, Oorschot, Vanstone is now online. The research department of RSA runs various projects on cryptanalysis, cipher design and other security issues. Also, the site contains some general background material on cryptography.
Cryptography is another company that provides strong support for the academic world.
In particular, its researchers have developed the differential power analysis attack, which is a considerable threat for virtually all small mobile crypto devices. Certicom has a good online elliptic curve introduction. Also several important researchers are affiliated with Certicom, and some of the important papers are listed there. Some important cryptography related research is being conducted by people affiliated with Hewlett-Packard. Several top researchers follow and participate actively in the discussion.