A substantial amount of laxity is characteristic of normal glenohumeral joints. Glenohumeral stability is the ability to maintain the humeral head centered in the glenoid fossa. Glenohumeral instability is the inability to maintain the humeral head centered in the glenoid fossa. Glenohumeral apprehension is the sense of impending instability in certain glenohumeral positions. Traumatic instability is instability that arises from an injury of sufficient magnitude to tear the glenohumeral capsule, ligaments, or rotator cuff or to produce a fracture of the humerus or glenoid.
Atraumatic instability is instability that arises without significant trauma.
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