The goal would be to lead students to the understanding that by caring about the welfare of others we are helping to make a better world for ourselves as well. By writing the four words on the blackboard, the teacher and students could talk about them and then list characteristics of each type underneath the appropriate word. Students create a day in the life of each of the types, using at least three of the characteristics listed for that type.
Character development is essential in both fiction and non-fiction writing.
In life, we may want to do the right thing but are afraid of being hurt ourselves. The urge to be true to one's principles has to be weighed against the risks involved. Jaap Penraat was an ordinary man who did extraordinary things. Have students talk about what must have taken place in Jaap's mind before he decided to take action. You are coming home from school when you see the Nazis taking away your neighbors, except for Solomon, the boy your age, who has run out the back door and is desperately trying to hide.