The only way to capture these sub-micron particles is with a Sealed HEPA vacuum. A HEPA vacuum is only as good as the seals it uses. Most manufacturers put the filters on as an after- thought. HEPA filters create back pressure that can force particles out the seams and spaces in the vacuum housing. The only way to make sure your getting clean, particle free air is with a sealed HEPA vacuum that has the filter after the motor.
All vacuums produce microscopic particles from the motor itself.
These are commercial HEPA Vacuums. The kind professionals use and trust their lives with when they perform lead and asbestos abatement. Don't be fooled by slick advertising gimmicks or inexpensive imitation HEPA or HEPA type vacuums. If you really care about the health of your air, get the real thing. To protect yourself from the escaping particles you would need a respirator.