Entomophilous, or ornithophilous, or cheiropterophilous. Inflorescence, floral, fruit and seed morphology . The terminal inflorescence unit cymose, or racemose. Flowers somewhat irregular to very irregular . Hypogynous disk usually present .
Corolla lobes markedly shorter than the tube, or about the same length as the tube.
Endothecium developing fibrous thickenings, or not developing fibrous thickenings. Anther epidermis persistent. The initial microspore tetrads tetrahedral. Gynoecium 2 carpelled. The pistil 1 celled, or 2 celled, or 4 celled.