They make it possible to do precise comparisons. To find word meanings in their original language this is an excellent tool. Some dictionaries provide background information on many biblically related subjects. These are magic carpets to the land of the Bible. In a preindustrial society the nature of the land frequently is the determinative factor.
Artifacts are windows to the ancient world.
These tools are broad in scope, and they contain information from several categories. For example, introductions may include information on both history and theology, and more. Each category will be discussed in some detail. Since there is a large number and quite a variety of tools, take a few minutes to look through the examples now. A possible beginning of the student's own list.