This creates or destroys a cut site. The mutation adds or subtracts fragments to the pattern of restriction fragments. The difference in the homologous chromosomes is called a polymorphism. Researchers examine these RFLPs of families with a known genetic disorder. DNA probes are made to identify the DNA in the identified frag ments.
Antibodies seek out and bind to certain specific proteins.
Monoclonal antibodies can be used to determine compatibility of tissues for organ transplants. The use of antibodies derives from their extreme sensitivity to and specificity for proteins. Each antibody binds to a specific protein even when the protein is present in minute quantities. Specific protein tests can be run inside or outside the body. Monoclonal antibodies are produced by injecting foreign proteins into mouse lymphocytes which have been fused to tumor cells.