Some values are explained to children, but more are learned by observation. Even before they understand many words, children can imitate the actions of their parents. Actions carry more power than words. While words are abstract and are merely heard, actions are concrete and can be experienced by all the senses. Parents' actions are guided by their values, although they are not always aware of them.
Confusion can arise when actions and words conflict with each other.
For example, if you tell your child that he may not have any snacks because it is too close to mealtime, but you get yourself something to drink and nibble on as you prepare supper, your child may get confused. Becoming aware of your values about food and observing your own actions more closely may help to reduce the confusion. Finally, parents influence their children's eating habits by molding their behavior through the use of a system of discipline. This relationship is not as straightforward as it sounds, however, because any discipline involves values which are taught both directly and indirectly. Examples may help to clarify this point.