Nucleic acid vaccines are still in the experimental stages. The idea is that injected DNA will direct the synthesis of antigenic proteins which are then presented to T cells along with the host's own MHC molecules to induce a good cell mediated response. D. Dev elopment of vaccines 1. Need to grow the pathogen in culture and this is often difficult and even dangerous. This necessitates good animal models.
Adjuvants are materials given with an immunization to enhance the response.
Adjuvants themselves are not immunogenic. Such reactions can be and are also used in forensic investigations. Be careful to distinguish thse in vitro reactions from the in vivo activities of antibodies. Fig 18.2 and 18.3 1. Reactions of soluble antigens with IgG or IgM 2.