Because it reproduces by millions of spores spread by wind and other physical carriers, new infestations can arise great distances from existing populations. Most commonly occurs in moist habitats, but also grows in shallow water and dry areas. Cypress wetlands, Everglades tree islands, floodplain, hammocks, roadside ditches and disturbed corridors are common habitats. Flooding does not kill established vines but seems to prevent germination of spores on flooded soils. Use of heavy equipment has limited value because site access is often limited, and equipment can disturb soils and non-target vegetation and transport spores to new locations.
Control requires application of herbicide.
Herbicides should only be applied by those knowledgeable in the use. Always read the entire herbicide label and follow its instructions. Only Rodeo TM can be used over water. A non-ionic surfactant may be used with Garlon 4 TM and is essential with Rodeo TM and Escort. Pathfinder TM has not always been effective when applied to Old World climbing fern in this manner, perhaps because the vines were not actively growing.