Diazoxide may cause hyperglycemia and inhibit labor, and nitroprusside may cause fetal cyanide toxicity. Diuretics should be avoided due to the relative intravascular volume depletion already present in patients with preeclampsia. It is used as an alternative to hydralazine. Patients with severe preeclampsia need supportive care and treatment in an intensive care setting. Hospitalization with bedrest in the left lateral decubitus position may be required.
Delivery is the definitive treatment.
Once the patient with preeclampsia or eclampsia has been stabilized, arrange for immediate transfer to the nearest high-risk obstetrical facility capable of delivering neonatal and maternal intensive care. However, its use has been associated with increased risk for abruptio placentae. Aspirin therapy, if used, should be under direct supervision of an obstetrician. Maintain a high index of suspicion for preeclampsia when evaluating any complaint in a pregnant patient with abnormally elevated blood pressure. Any pregnant patient, regardless of age, is at risk for preeclampsia.