Thick clothing may help protect against cuts and bites. First associated with use of highly absorbent tampons in young women, this condition has now been observed in children, older women, and men. In fact, this condition now most commonly occurs following surgery or in intravenous drug addicts. The condition causes a general reddening of the skin, especially on the palms of the hands, and fever and often produces diarrhea, vomiting, and confusion. A drop in blood pressure and diminished circulation to the hands and feet also may take place.
Diagnosis is made by culturing the blood and vaginal secretions.
Tampons should be changed frequently and intravenous drugs should be avoided. Fever is also usually present. Group A streptococci or S. aureus microbes enter the skin through a cut, puncture, ulcer, or sore, producing enzymes that break down the skin cells. The infected area becomes hot, red, and swollen, and patients suffer fever, chills, and a general ill feeling. In contrast to erysipelas sores, the skin eruption caused by cellulitis does not produce elevated edges.