Laser therapy is the use of high intensity light to destroy tumor cells. Laser therapy affects the cells only in the treated area. The doctor may use laser therapy to destroy cancerous tissue and relieve a blockage in the esophagus when the cancer cannot be removed by surgery. The relief of a blockage can help to reduce symptoms, especially swallowing problems. The doctor may use PDT to relieve symptoms of esophageal cancer such as difficulty swallowing.
Clinical trials are research studies to evaluate new ways to treat cancer.
In some studies, all patients receive the new treatment. Through research, doctors learn new, more effective ways to treat cancer. The side effects of cancer treatment depend on the type of treatment and may be different for each person. Surgery for esophageal cancer may cause short-term pain and tenderness in the area of the operation, but this discomfort can be controlled with medicine. Patients are taught special breathing and coughing exercises to keep their lungs clear.