In this position you can shoot an arrow straight down without leaning out, or to the rear of your horse on either side. I write with the purpose of sharing my small knowledge of these matters with those desirous of wisdom, but it is Allah only that is all-knowing. If he misses, he should not become exasperated or despair of God's refreshing justice, nor should he revile himself or his bow or his arrows. To do so is to commit an outrage and a violation of all that is just because a man who behaves in this way in his ignorance attributes his failure to those persons and things to which no blame attaches. Those who do this sort of thing, therefore, will incur the rancour of both angels and mankind and sin to no avail.
Anger is, furthermore, the chief cause of low scoring.
Anyone seriously interested in the subject of Islamic archery should read both it and Klopsteg. Some readers may be interested in the range of the Middle Eastern bows and how they compared to the English longbow. In discussing range, it is important to distinguish between the range achieved in flight shooting, a sport in which the objective was to shoot an arrow as far as possible, and the range at which a bow was effective in combat. So far as flight shooting is concerned, the best information available is from the Ottomans. Interpretation of the records is somewhat confused by uncertainty over the exact length of the units in which they were measured, but it appears that Ottoman archers in the eighteenth century achieved shots of over 900 yards.