Three programs serve to illustrate the wide range of configurations possible. This program in Eugene, Oregon, selects academically strong students as tutors and gives them academic credit for training classes and tutoring. Tutors, who are the program's primary focus, are paid as well as given academic credit. Tutoring is one of several integrated instructional components. All students in a class take turns acting as tutor and tutee during daily exercises.
Children have certain advantages over adults in teaching peers.
They may more easily understand tutees' problems because they are cognitively closer. Peer tutors can effectively model study skills such as concentrating on the material, organizing work habits, and asking questions. Cohen notes that similarity between model and learner increases the influence of modeling. An at-risk child may more easily identify with a student relatively close in age, particularly one of the same ethnic or social background, than with an adult. Higher status also promotes the effect of modeling.