Respiratory protective mechanisms Secretion of entrapping mucus by goblet cells and mixed glands, which is swept pharynx-wards by the ciliary beating action. Solitary lymphoid nodules and tonsils, and their lymphocyte progeny, for immune defence . Reflex coughing, sneezing , and constriction of bronchioles. Secretion of serous bacteriolytic materials , e.g., defensins and lysozyme. Upper airway recovers water and heat, preventing too much loss in the expired air.
Affected men are often infertile from an accompanying paralysis of sperm.