Although early treatment can prevent or correct most major deformities, people with leprosy are likely to suffer psychologic and social problems. Isolation, however, is unnecessary. Leprosy is contagious only in the untreated lepromatous form, and even then it isn't easily transmitted to others. Furthermore, most people are naturally immune to leprosy, and only those in a household with an infected person for an extended time are at risk of developing an infection. Doctors and nurses who treat people with leprosy do not appear to be at increased risk.
Antibiotics can arrest the progression of leprosy or even cure the disease.
Because some of the mycobacteria may be resistant to certain antibiotics, a doctor may prescribe more than one drug, particularly for people with lepromatous leprosy. Other antibiotics that may be given to people with leprosy include clofazimine, ethionamide, minocycline, clarithromycin, and ofloxacin. Antibiotic therapy must be continued for a long time, because the bacteria are difficult to eradicate. Depending on the severity of infection and the doctor's judgment, treatment may continue from 6 months to many years. Many people who have lepromatous leprosy take dapsone for the rest of their lives.