Similarly, there are valid arguments with false premises, like 1 and there are invalid arguments with true premises, like 2. The question of the validity of an argument is therefore separate from that of the truth or falsity of its premises and conclusion. To say that an argument is therefore separate from the truth or falsity of its premises and conclusion. To say that an argument is valid is to say that its conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises, which is to say simply that if the premises are all true, then the conclusion must also be true. Since the logical consequences of true premises must be true, sound arguments necessarily have true conclusions.
All human beings are mortal.
Socrates is a human being. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. So, we will also study the nature of induction, which covers all cases of nondemonstrative argument, in which the truth of the premises, while not entailing the truth of the conclusion, purports to be a good reason for belief in it. Under this category, we would include the scientific method. The purpose of this study of course, is to help you discern the truth when you see it, and a lie when you see it.