Position effects- a comon phenotypic effect of inversions. Translocations parts of one chromosome become detached and reunited with a non-homologous chromosome. 2. reciprocal- fragmentation of two chromosomes, and mutual exchange through reunion of the fragments. Translocations may be either homozygous or heterozygous. Adjacent I and II segregations results in deficient gametes.
Alternate segregations result in normal and translocation gametes.
The two normal chromosomes are inherited together, and the two translocation chromosomes are inherited together. As the number of pairs of chromosomes involved in translocation increase, the number of linkage groups goes down. Due to the translocation, independent assortment for some chromosomes cannot occur. A somatic change only. Found in cultured cells.