The leading edges of air masses are called fronts. The U.S. Weather Service monitors weather patterns and issues weather reports. Temperature affects the density of air molecules and possible moisture in the air. A psychrometer may be used to measure relative humidity. When water condenses on dust particles, clouds and precipitation can be produced.
Climate results from long-term weather patterns.
The physical features of the Earth can affect long-term weather patterns. The climate we live in affects our life style in many ways. Aerodynamics could then be studied demonstrating the forces of lift and drag, Newton's Laws, Bernoulli's Principle and their effects on transportation design. A physical science course could integrate pneumatics in a simple machines unit including pulleys, levers, inclined planes and wheels and axles. Experiments could be designed to measure and calculate mechanical advantage and efficiency of various machines.