Human Insulin DNA stores the code for each protein that is synthesized on a ribosome. The DNA code is copied on to the mRNA codon. The mRNA codon is then carried from the nucleus out to the ribosome. The mRNA codon is attached to the tRNA anticodon by compatable base pairs. The tRNA also carries the correctly coded amino acid which is linked to form a polypeptide chain.
Amino acids are the gray balls.
The mRNA is the chain pulled through the purple ribosome. Inherited mutations arise about twice as often in men than in women. This is far less than researchers expected. This DNA which makes up genes tells the cell how to make specific proteins. This is crucial for proper structure and functioning of the cell.