Moving from simplicity to complexity is an evolutionary pathway. Notice how this complements Land's phases of development. Prigogine showed that during the transition, a single entity can determine which way the next system will develop. Prigogine also claims that there is no way to predict what the next system will be like from the previous system. Joel believes Prigogine's work supports complexity and diversity, which then supports the theory that the quest for homogeneity is anti-evolutionary.
Chaos theory shows that simple systems can generate complex systems over time.
Time is the key variable. Factal research has demonstrated that simple equations iterated over time will generate amazingly complex natural forms. This is a new paradigm, complexity from simplicity. And with free will comes the ability to shape the future, the essence of innovation. Mathematically we can support the concept of free will.