These two conditions are dealt with in their respective chapters. Generally, chemicals are categorized by the hazard characteristics they exhibit. The most common characteristic is toxicity. Additional characteristics include flammability, reactivity, and corrosivity. A chemical may exhibit none, one, or any combination of these four characteristics.
Different agencies regulate various aspects of the use, handling, and disposal of many chemicals.
OSHA provides chemical user and handling standards for general industry, based upon 29 CFR part 1910. Jefferson Lab requires all chemicals used or stored on site to be labeled. In addition to the manufacturer's label, individuals responsible for specific chemicals should also fill out and affix an NFPA label indicating the hazard characteristics associated with each chemical, if not included by the manufacturer. When a PEL exists, it will be used to determine the proper safety precautions, control measures, and personal protective equipment to be used. Extremely hazardous substances are a select group of chemicals designated by the EPA to have an extremely toxic effect when released to the environment.