The other part is comprised, as in fiction film, of the artifacts of filmmaking which in this case are the exhibition, explanation and ordering of the subject elements. Closed films tend to bolster the viewer's willing suspension of disbelief in the world of the program whicle open films tend to reestablish the viewer's realization of the reality of the world of the subject. Authoritative perspective, which uses a voice over narrator to look at its subject from the outside in a highly controlled manner. Participant narrative, in which a participant in the subject relates his or her experiences to the viewer. Most non-fiction works draw on more than one of these styles, but more often than not one style dominates the overall form of the work.
Authoritative perspective is essentially the same as an omniscient point of view in literature.
The structure and narration imply to the viewer that observation of the subject has been completed, and the results of that observation are ordered and presented in logical form. Authoritative perspective allows for enormous flexibility in its structure, as material can be ordered like an essay on the basis of any number of logical patterns, and the narrator can link verbally tenuous transitions in the subject. Its voice, the authoritative narrator, is herself the creation of the work and has no existence separated from it. While the information she communicates is abstracted from the subject, the words and voice exist only within the program itself. The style most typically shows visuals of the subject while a narrator explains aspects which are visually unavailable.