It provides a theory for explaining why conduct is considered good or bad. Ethical theories are the reasons we give for judging one action good and another action bad. By so doing, certain basic themes or patterns emerge. A number of authors use the following classification methodology to organize ethical thinking. Moral Absolutism Right is right and wrong is wrong.
Actions are inherently good or bad, regardless of the consequences.
Moral absolutism claims that there are eternal moral values and eternal moral principles that are applicable everywhere. This is the popular position of those who believe in a deity who establishes moral order in the universe. Ethical Relativism Circumstances alter cases. Everyday standards are good, but exceptions are also right and good. The judgment of good or bad is based upon the result or consequence of the act rather than the act itself.