Without sufficient amounts of parathyroid hormone, the calcium level in the blood falls and produces symptoms and problems. Risk factors are recent thyroid or neck surgery, family history of parathyroid disorder, or history of certain autoimmune endocrine diseases such as Addison's disease . The incidence is 4 out of 100,000 people. The goal of treatment is to restore the calcium and associated mineral balance within the body. Oral calcium carbonate and vitamin D supplements are usually life-long therapy.
Blood levels require periodic monitoring to ensure proper dosage.
Calcium is administered by intravenous infusion. Precautions are taken to prevent seizures or larynx spasms . Heart monitoring for abnormal rhythms is continued until the person is stabilized. When the life-threatening attack has been controlled, treatment continues with oral preparations. The probable outcome is good if the diagnosis is made early.