Such systems ignore the effects of learning, evolution, or changes in the rules. The Cartesian perspective of inanimate objects and the forces acting on them is less well suited to inquiries about biological and social systems. Unlike mechanical systems, they are organic, they metabolize, they learn, they adapt, they evolve. They are not precisely predictable even in the short term, and they are wholly unpredictable over the long term. That approach is the study of complexity and complex adaptive systems.
Complexity looks at how evolving systems function and adapt.
In addition, human complex adaptive systems, including businesses, have the distinguishing characteristic of carrying out socially coordinated activities. These activities require a mindset and language that goes beyond the mechanical and that includes learning and ideas. Yet human organizations, businesses, and much of science are still strongly embedded in and constrained by mechanical thinking and language. We know intellectually that is no longer sufficient, but centuries of conditioning pull us back to familiar patterns when we are under stress. We still try to organize and manage our enterprises as if they are clock-like and predictable because we aren't yet comfortable with another way.