Its aim is to use the latter to study the effects of transition on development in learning and science culture in SSA, using sample-values of similar studies outside Africa. Development arguments in science relate to tangible and intangible things. The question explains why attitudes are an important study object in the project. Open boundary approach of entrepreneurial university is a matter of concern for the internal university management. African universities are reported as suffering the symptoms of inflexibility and retrogression, hence need revitalization.
Development is contextually a transition problem.
Transition makes therefore the universities in SSA analytically and comparatively good basic research objects for exploratory attitude study and framework-construction. It also makes it possible to advance development studies knowledge indirectly round the turmoils in higher education. It will be an effort to analyse international political vocabulary in a Finnish context. To understand a specific political culture includes the knowledge of how political and social key concepts are used. A more profound kind of understanding includes, however, knowledge of why the concepts are used in specific ways.