It is thought that enzymes normally secreted by the pancreas in an inactive form become activated inside the pancreas and start to digest the pancreatic tissue. This process is called autodigestion and causes swelling , hemorrhage, and damage to the blood vessels. An attack may last for 48 hours. The disease affects men more often than women. The incidence is 4 out of 10,000 people.
Alcohol abuse is a risk factor.
A glucose test may be elevated. Serum calcium may be decreased. Occasionally nasogastric suctioning may be required if there is persistent vomiting , severe pain, or a paralytic ileus develops. Recurrence of the attack may be prevented by treating the underlying condition. In severe cases, the pancreas may be removed.