Bones also serve as a reservoir of calcium and many other important ions.
This process is usually followed by the formation of bone by the activation of osteoblasts, bone cells that build up bone. The delicate balance of bone remodeling is maintained by the action of different hormones and local factors including parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, prostaglandins, and estrogen. Disrupting this balance can lead to osteoporosis, a devastating disease and serious public health concern, particularly for the elderly. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and enhanced bone fragility, often leading to fractures. Fortunately, the diagnosis of osteoporosis is rather simple and straightforward, shifting the emphasis to the development of a suitable treatment.