Natural Resources Pakistan s resources are primarily agricultural. Mineral resources include salt, chromite, coal, gypsum, limestone, iron ore, sulphur, clay, graphite, manganese, copper, oil, and natural gas, but many known mineral deposits, particularly iron ore and coal, are low grade. Large natural gas fields were discovered in the 1950s on the border between Baluchistan and Punjab provinces. The vegetation of Pakistan varies according to elevation and rainfall. In much of the country the natural vegetation is limited to drought-resistant grasses and stunted trees.
Alpine flora grows on the higher mountain slopes.
Pakistan has a varied animal life. Species include deer, boar, bear, crocodile, and waterfowl. In the freshwater and salt-water areas, fish of many varieties are found. Marine species include herring, mackerel and sharks, as well as shellfish. The national language of Pakistan is Urdu, but comparatively few people use it as their mother tongue.