Although most songwriters still practice their craft on instruments or with pen and paper, many songwriters now compose and edit music using computers. Arrangers transcribe and adapt musical composition to a particular style for orchestras, bands, choral groups, or individuals. While some arrangers write directly into a musical composition, others use computer software to make changes. Conductors lead instrumental music groups, such as orchestras, dance bands, and various popular ensembles. These leaders audition and select musicians, choose the music most appropriate for the talents and abilities of the musicians, and direct rehearsals and performances.
Choral directors lead choirs and glee clubs, sometimes working with a band or orchestra conductor.
Directors audition and select singers and lead them at rehearsals and performances to achieve harmony, rhythm, tempo, shading, and other desired musical effects. Also, they frequently travel to perform in a variety of settings. Because many musicians find only part-time work and experience unemployment between engagements, they often supplement their income with other types of jobs. In fact, the stress of constantly looking for work leads many musicians to accept permanent, full-time jobs in other occupations, while working only part time as musicians. Most instrumental musicians work closely with a variety of other people, including their colleagues, agents, employers, sponsors, and audiences.