Color results from interaction of light and pigment. Light missing result-black. Pigment is missing - result is white. Color receptors of eye accept the light reflected by broccoli, cranberry juice, orange. Transform it to electrical impulses.
Brain accept it as color.
Light radiant energy travels in waves. 400-700 nm, wavelength determines the color. E.g. beam of 430-450 nm bright blue light. Chemical composition of pigments causes partial absorbtion of light. Selective absorption causes that white light is disturbed and color is produced All light is absorbed black sensation.