Used in conjunction with farm practices such as contour planting, minimal tillage systems, cover crops, and crop rotation, windbreaks offer long-term strategies for preventing soil loss and protecting crops. These strategies, which are part of a systems approach that takes into account farming practices, economics, and land ethics, suggest using nature as a technology can protect soil and land resources in low-tech ways. In general, the taller the windbreak, the more area it will protect downwind. Longer stretches of trees can protect larger areas of cropland. Effective windbreaks should lie perpendicular to the approaching wind.
Denser windbreaks are more effective than sparse ones.
Large gaps between trees reduce windbreak effectiveness and, in some cases, increase wind speeds by channeling air through. This is a measure of thickness and pore openings of the wind barrier. An effective windbreak cuts wind speed but still allows some air to pass through. Conifer, hardwood, or mixed species can affect windbreak growth and stability. This includes tree age, health, vigor, crown condition, species diversity, and maintenance.