This project has the potential to contribute significantly to the dairy industry in Vermont, and with a transfer of information, to other states. Conventional dairy production is threatened by low milk prices, environmental regulation and liability, and consumer acceptance. While organic grain costs are higher than conventional grain, and while some farmers see a decrease in milk production, farmers estimate that there is a net economic benefit due to higher organic milk prices. There have been changes the participating farmers have made, as well as changes that have taken place among the farmers that are transitioning to organic and using the project farmers as mentors. For example, one farmer transitioning to organic production started cultivating his corn instead of using a herbicide, and began relying on organic fertilizers and crop rotations instead of synthetic fertilizers.
Corn is planted for two years, followed by six years of alfalfa and orchard grass.
All of the farmers have increased their knowledge of and use of alternatives to antibiotics, mostly by using more homeopathic remedies. Most of the farmers have the greatest problem with reproductive and udder health. In conventional animal practices, farmers treat reproductive problems with hormones, which are prohibited in organic practice. Mastitis, the most common udder malady, is conventionally treated with antibiotics. Farmers have had success using the homeopathic remedies belladonna and aconite when the quarter is swollen and cow has a high fever.