Bat-pollinated flowers have a musty smell like the smell of bats. These flowers are large and sturdy to withstand insertion of the bat's head as it licks nectar and pollen. Flies are attracted to rotting meat. An incomplete flower has one or more parts missing. An imperfect flower is lacking either the pistil or stamens.
Botanists also consider the shape and arrangement of the leaves.
Leaves can be many shapes from round to heart-shaped to oblong. Leaves which are entire, all in one piece, are called simple leaves , while those divided into multiple leaflets are called compound leaves . There are a number of types of simple fruit, each with its own official name. Aggregate fruits , such as raspberry and strawberry, arise from multiple ovaries within the same flower. Multiple fruits , such as pineapple, mulberry, and breadfruit, are made from a cluster of separate flowers, each with its own ovary.