The pleuron is a lateral sclerite of the head. An apodeme is an internal ridge of the exoskeleton. The cement layer of an insect's exoskeleton strengthens the procuticle.
All alate insects use dorso-ventral muscles to raise their wings.
The mesonotum and the mesosternum join together along the mesoplural suture. A. Epiproct C. Aedeagus B. Paraproct D. Furca 7. A. Chitin C. Protein B. Quinone D. Wax 8. A. Mesothorax C. Prothorax B. First abdominal D. Metathorax 9. A. Trochantin C. Coxa B. Arolium D. Tarsomere 11.