Both types of Interferon beta are well tolerated usually but the most common side effect is a flu-like symptom that last 24 to 48 hours. These symptoms usually subside after 2 to 3 months of treatment. The injection site also can become red, tender and can be infected. Another new drug on the market is Glatiramer acetate, trade name is Copaxone, is a synthetic mixture of polypeptides which was found to inhibit autoimmune encephalomyelitis and it has been found clinically to be helpful in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Copaxone was approved by the FDA in 1996.
Azathioprine depresses both cell mediated and humeral immunity.
Studies suggest that oral doses of 2 to 3 mg. There is also concern that prolonged Azathioprine therapy increases the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and skin cancer. Intravenous immunoglobulin has been studied in patients with relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis comparing IVIG and placebo. The difference between the two groups was small in outcome. Methotrexate has been studied for chronic progressive multiple sclerosis suggesting there is less disease progression.