These components can be important in a vascular surgeon's assessment of therapeutic options. Some disadvantages are also associated with the Gd-enhanced approach. Therefore, the acquisition must be carefully synchronized to peak arterial enhancement prior to venous enhancement. Accordingly, although not a requirement, these studies are optimized and most readily performed with high performance gradient systems. The suppression pulse that achieves venous suppression is usually ineffective once Gd is onboard.
Decreased doses are possible with subtraction techniques, but a double dose is guaranteed to work.
In the abdominal aorta, the acquisition and the injection should be synchronized. However, when imaging the thoracic aorta, the data acquisition should precede the injection by approximately 10 seconds.