Each study answers specific questions about the value of new treatments. By observing how volunteers respond to new treatments, researchers determine their effectiveness and safety. All medications undergo this type of testing to obtain approval by the Food and Drug Administration .
Clinical trials are the last phase in the development of new drugs.
Before a new medication is tried with volunteer patients, it is studied in the laboratory and determined to hold promise as a safe, effective treatment for illness. Volunteers undergo regular medical care, exams, and tests, which require visits to a doctor's office or hospital. Medical services, medications, even transportation are provided. Patients who participate in clinical trials have first access to new treatments. Often they receive study medications and medical care at no cost.