From image sequences, useful energetic parameters for these complexes can be estimated. An identical set of lines is superimposed over both images to show the relative motion. The surface is rougher, and the sorbed layer is thicker than models have assumed. The image is about 350 nm on a side. Formation of the insoluble lead phosphates by application of apatite is used for remediation of highly lead-contaminated sites.
All images are in false color.
The transport and remediation of NAPLs, usually spilled fuels and oils, depend in part on interactions between NAPL constituents and mineral surfaces. Complex organic mixtures can often be regarded as solutions from which organic solutes adsorb to or precipitate on mineral surfaces, affecting the subsequent surface wettability. Models of the mobility or recoverability of NAPLs often depend on assumptions about wettability. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas of a surface can be distinguished on the basis of local frictional and adhesion forces. Such observations, coupled with other chemical information, help constrain models of uptake mechanisms.