Chemical contamination mainly consists of liquid, solid particles, and vapor hazards. This is the process of sufficiently reducing the hazard caused by chemical agents in order to allow the mission to be continued. Decontamination can be done by individual service members, unit decontamination teams, or chemical units. Nonpersistent agents dissipate or vaporize rapidly after release and present an immediate short duration hazard. These agents are released as aerosols, gases, vapors, liquids, or solids.
Chemical agents cover the whole spectrum of physical properties.
Their physical state may be aerosol, gaseous, liquid, or solid under normal conditions. Their vapor density varies from slightly lighter than air to considerably heavier than air. Their range of odors varies from none to highly pungent. They may be soluble or insoluble in water, fats, or organic solvents. The physical characteristics may give an indication of the field behavior of the agents with regard to vapor hazard, persistency, decontamination methods required, and personal and subsistence protection required.