The Southern High Plains is located in the southern portion of the High Plains region. Most of the area is relatively flat, and the major crops are cotton and grain sorghum, which are irrigated by the Ogallalla Aquifer. The Ogallalla Aquifer and the irrigation from it enables the Southern High Plains to be one of the riches areas in the state. This region makes up the majority of the Basin and Range region. The land varies greatly along with the weather.
Cotton is grown where water is available.
Cattle are produced in areas were it is suitable for their production. Sheep are produced in the remaining areas where water and grazing are too limiting for cattle production. The most important agricultural crops grown in this region are cotton and alfalfa. Along with these crops, dairy production is a major commodity in this area. The provide milk, cheese, and other dairy products.