After meiosis and mitosis, there is random distribution of mitochondria to daughter cells. Mutations in mammalian mtDNA do cause diseases, because there is such a short sequence and very heavy information content in the sequence. The next lecturer on mitochondria in this series will spend a great deal of time on the mitochondrial genome. Since each cell contains hundreds of mitochondria and thousands of copies of the genome, the effects of the mutated mitochondria may be diluted out. However, aging patients may show a more severe disease phenotype.
Current studies say yes.
Localization overlapped with that of DNA detection systems. After protein screening found the Mgm101, they studied how its loss affected respiratory competence. Clearly the protein was needed for function, but they do not know exactly what its role is at this point. Looked at the COOH terminal region and saw that it was highly basic. Mitochondrial numbers are controlled by autophagy .