The person in the middle of the distribution has one pet. It is bimodal. More people plan to attend graduate school than not attend. The person in the middle of the distribution is half way between agree or neither agree nor disagree. Mostly I just make sure that you are not using missing cases and that you use percentages to compare groups.
Blacks are less likely than whites to believe that things have improved.
Nominal, so either a pie or bar chart. Ordinal, so either a pie or bar chart. Ordinal, so either a pie or bar chart. Ordinal, so either a pie or bar chart. Nominal, so either a pie or bar chart.