It may be a year or more before the juvenile plumage falls out to be replaced by sleek, black and white adult feathers. Penguins that nest on hot, sandy beaches often need to cool off. They'll stand in the shade, or open their mouths to pant like a dog. Some species have special skin patches that help them cool off. Bare skin around a blackfooted penguin's eyes and feet turns pink as the penguin pumps extra blood there to lose heat.
All penguins use their black and white colors to adjust their body temperature on land.
If they're hot, they turn their white bellies to the sun to reflect its heat. If they're cold, they turn their black backs to the sun to soak up its warmth. These birds are not closely related to true penguins.