This year also marks the birth of Socrates, a philosopher of ethics who leaves no written philosophy. He is condemned to death in 399 BCE on the charges of corrupting the youth and introducing new gods into Greek thought. A jury system is put in place with the jury serving as absolute authority in judicial matters. He dies in 380 BCE . Greek comedy, like Greek tragedy, originates out of the Dionysian festivals.
Athenian trade is destroyed.
Athenian democracy is overthrown, and Athens is forced to surrender to Sparta as a subject state. Sparta assumes dominance over the Greek world and replaces many Greek democracies with oligarchies. The two major causes of the war are Athens' growth in imperialism and the economic and cultural differences between Athens and Sparta. Power over Greece shifts from Sparta to Thebes and then to numerous other city-states, none able to maintain rule over such a large empire. He is a prolific writer and is considered by some to be the most important of all philosophers.