All wars have environmental impacts, almost all of which are adverse.
There are a few positive impacts, such as increased numbers as well as diversity of plants and animals living in demilitarized zones. Accordingly, the actual long-term environmental impacts of specific wars are largely unknown. There are many factors that make difficult the prediction of long-term environmental impacts. While prediction of environmental impacts is a real growth industry globally at present, monitoring and evaluation of actual environmental impacts are conspicuous by their near-total absence. On the basis of anecdotal evidence, it is clear that there are often extensive and significant differences between predicted and actual impacts.