Because of the loss of habitat, the black bear is now confined to wooded areas or dense brushland. Some park bears have lived to be over 20. During spring and summer, most activity takes place during early morning and late evening hours. Mating usually takes place in June. Both female and male bears may have more than one mate during the summer.
Bears choose a denning site with the coming of cold weather.
Dens are usually hollow stumps, tree cavities, or wherever there is shelter. Bears in the Smokies are unusual in that they often den high up off the ground inside of standing hollow trees. They do not truly hibernate, but enter long periods of sleep. Bears may leave the den for short periods if disturbed or during brief warming trends. One to five cubs are born during the mother's winter sleep.