Embryos must have a supply of copper if they are to develop properly, scientists have discovered. Three separate studies have established that the metal plays a crucial role in the proper formation of organs and tissues. The work suggests that some miscarriages may be caused by genetic defects relating to copper. Although the research was carried out in unborn mice, the scientists are confident the same holds good for humans. However, pregnant women have been advised not to try to increase the amount of copper in their diets as too much can be toxic.
Copper is found in foods such as chocolate, spinach and lobster.
It is also found in red wine. Most people get plenty of copper from their daily diet, but some have genetic problems that prevent the body from properly using the nutrient. The body needs copper to process oxygen, generate energy in cells, allow the nervous system to transmit signals to the body, metabolise iron, grow blood vessels and develop skin, tendons and hair. But it can be toxic at too high of a concentration. One study by the University of Michigan Medical School focused on the importance of a gene called Ctr1 that helps copper get inside cells.