There is no evidence available to suggest that a metabolic defect is present. Pathophysiology appears to involve calcification of the nucleus pulposus. The annular ligament is spared. The calcified nucleus pulposus may herniate anteriorly into the prevertebral soft tissues or posteriorly into the spinal canal. Changes have been observed in vertebral bodies, but there clinical significance is unclear.
Common symptoms are neck pain, spasm torticollis and reduced range of motion.
Infrequently, dysphagia or long tract signs will be observed. Symptomatic calcified discs are most common at C6-7. Radiologic examination shows images of calcium density in the normally radiolucent intervertebral discs. Anterior or posterior protrusion can be observed. The natural history is typically one of complete clinical radiographic resolution.