Cool weather is required for its successful growth. Its foliage is dense and threadlike. There are two kinds of flowers on this umbelliferous plant. The first of the tiny yellow flowers to bloom on an umbel are hermaphrodite with a few isolated staminate ones. These hermaphrodite flowers are completely protandrous.
Bees are the primary pollinators of fennel.
Narayana et al. The keeping of colonies of honey bees around or in fennel fields was recommended by Narayana et al. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. Indian Bee Jour. Gleanings Bee Cult.