To prevent frostbite, wear layers of nonrestricting clothing in cold weather, paying special attention to the ears, cheeks, nose, fingers, and toes. Also, check your companions' faces and ears frequently for loss of color or other signs of freezing. Any area of suspected frostbite should be warmed as soon as possible, but do not rub or massage the skin because rubbing may worsen any damage. In most situations, sunburn is easily avoided with the use of protective clothing and sunscreen. Hats and clothing made of tightly woven fabric provide fairly good protection against the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays.
Caps protect the scalp and, to some degree, the face.
Broad-brimmed hats afford additional coverage of the ears. Winter dry skin can be minimized by moisturizing the skin. Bathing and showering should be brief and as cool as tolerable, since prolonged exposure to hot water depletes natural skin oils. After bathing, the skin should be patted, not rubbed, with a towel. Apply moisturizing lotion or cream immediately after bathing and any time the skin feels dry, especially before going outdoors.