Child can understand right from wrong and think about what might happen after doing something wrong. Cheating during a game of checkers is wrong. If I cheat and win the game, I might feel guilty. If I don't invite Felicia to my party, she might feel left out. Child begins to develop internalized kind behavior.
Child can engage in kind behavior without encouragement and prompting from adults.
You can practice empathic behavior and encourage school-age children to do the same. You can show them how empathy can help solve everyday problems. Consider the natural disasters of the past decade. Entire communities have been destroyed by floods or fires and have been rebuilt because of the generous assistance of empathic groups and individuals. When these tragedies occur, talk with children about the needs of those affected and discuss different ways to help.