He feels that a non- coercive and voluntary confession should be admissible. Further, the bright-line approach of Miranda does, at least somewhat, give better guidance to lower court judges as well as to law enforcement. The third part of the book is a synopsis of some empirical work assessing the impact of Miranda . Here too the editors place the articles in sensible order. These works take the debate to a different level.
Arguments take place about various methodologies, statistical assumptions, and interpretations.
Paul Cassell's article is appropriately placed first in the series. He reviews previous research and suggests that Miranda has resulted in a 16 percent drop in confessions. This evidence, he maintains, supports the position that the cost of Miranda is too high. He takes issue with several assumptions made by Cassell. Cassell and Hayman conducted a study in Salt Lake County during a six week period in the summer of 1994.