In a western medical sense, acupuncture can be partially explained as inducing a vaso-vagal response, stimulating peripheral nerves, increasing blood circulation, in addition to a histamine release at the site of insertion. Again, this view of acupuncture is limiting because it does not explain much of what acupuncture is capable of. Further research is certainly called for here, and may identify more complex reflex arcs that are stimulated by needle insertion and manipulation. Most people who have not had acupuncture think they are going to experience something similar to a hypodermic needle insertion. This is not the case.
Acupuncture needles have no bore or hollow center through which fluids pass.
They are solid needles with specially rounded tips, and are very thin in diameter. In most cases, insertion is performed without discomfort. Common sensations are tingling, numbness, and heaviness after insertion. Most people find it very relaxing and often fall asleep. Moxibustion is the burning of moxa, or mugwort, to heat a particular area on the body.