A variety of heart defects can occur in every breed of pure-bred dogs. A careful examination of puppies by a veterinarian at 6 weeks of age is recommended since most congenital heart problems can be detected this way. There is no predominant heart disease identified with Cairns, though various murmurs do occur. It is characterized as an underproduction of hormone by the thyroid gland. It occurs in many breeds, including Cairns.
Diagnosis is done by a blood test for complete thyroid activity.
Symptoms include poor haircoat, infertility, lethargy, and cold intolerance. Treatment with synthetic hormones is very successful in controlling this condition. Blood tests to evaluate dosage is important on a yearly basis. This disease occurs in many small breeds of dogs, including Cairn Terriers. It may necessitate corrective surgery.