Cryptobiotic crust consists of tiny communities of organisms that appear as a blackish and irregular raised crust upon the sand. This crust retains moisture in desert climates and provides a protective layer that helps prevent erosion. One footstep can destroy cryptobiotic crust for decades. It is important to use developed trails in these areas. If you must travel off-trail, walk on rocks or other durable surfaces.
Cryptobiotic crust is also extremely vulnerable to mountain bicycle and horse travel.
Desert Puddles and Mud Holes . Water is a preciously scarce resource for all living things in the desert. Don't walk through desert puddles or mud holes, or disturb surface water in any way. Potholes are also home to tiny desert animals. Camp on Durable Surfaces Selecting an appropriate campsite is perhaps the most important aspect of low-impact backcountry use.