Theories concerning the origin of life are based upon myths - they are no longer founded in science. And as a result, given the extreme age of the universe, it is not unreasonable for some of these proteins to be around before life evolved. Chapter 5 exposes this myth with statistical models and information theory. Proteins are chemicals that perform many different functions necessary for life. For example, proteins regulate chemical reactions, provide structural support, and cause muscles to contract.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
The function of a protein is determined by the order of these amino acids which in turn are determined by the order of the steps in the DNA ladder. That is genes encode the information necessary to build proteins. Chapter 5 will establish constraints on the amino acids sequences of proteins that will result in functional proteins. From these constraints, the odds that a functional protein can evolve through a random sequence of amino acids will be calculated. While the odds are not zero, they are so small that the vastness of space and time cannot offset the poor odds.