The major bony changes which can occur as a result of chronic renal failure are osteitis fibrosa cystica, osteomalacia or rickets, osteosclerosis and osteoporosis. The reported predominance of each variety of bony change varies and doesn't correlate well with clinical findings or laboratory data. Uptake may be heterogeneous or homogeneous, depending upon the predominate pathophysiologic mechanism. Increased turnover can result from local processes such as widespread metastases, fibrous dysplasia, Paget's disease, or myeloproliferative disorders. Examples of the later are myelofibrosis, mastocytosis, leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia.
Differentiation is based on clinical data and radiographs in many cases.
Atlas of total body radionuclide imaging. Radiology of the skull and brain.