A structure that encourages deliberation. A moderator and a clear set of ground rules are essential to productive deliberation. The moderator should be someone who is seen as neutral. Board presidents, superintendents, and community leaders who are seen as partisan or invested in one part of the issue should not serve as moderators. The moderator's job is to guide the deliberations, making sure that all participants have an opportunity to share their ideas and that no one or two people dominate the forum.
Deliberation requires that participants weigh the pros and cons of each choice.
The moderator can help by keeping the conversation focused on the choices and making sure that all the choices are analyzed. Participants should also be encouraged to listen for understanding. It is important that participants start with a clear understanding of what the goals of the forum are. These goals can be modest, yet powerful. The results of those issue-framing sessions provided the basis for a brief discussion guide.