They are going to have had so many bad experiences with blacks who fool them by acting innocent that they will find it hard to believe that a really innocent black man is really innocent. So you use affirmative action. It is complicated for a very good reason. Race is real, and everybody thinks in terms of race. Nobody thinks more about race and in more purely racial terms than the professional antiracist.
Black leaders think of little else BUT race.
The so-called American Solution of ignoring race is completely oxymoronic. You cannot concentrate on eliminating racism without thinking in terms of race. Like all professional antiracists, you soon find it impossible to believe that anyone else does not have a racial motive, too. Take someone who dedicates himself to nondiscrimination. The first thing he will do in any group is to count the black and white faces.