The how question points us to a specific implementation of the abstract specification. The where question leads us to the location in which a specific implementation can be accessed. A unit of data being communicated. Messages can have any number of parts, and each part is associated with a type. The specific implementation of an abstract specification is defined via a binding, which specifies in detail how the abstract information is mapped to a specific representation in a given protocol.
Bindings are comprehensive since they encompass ports, operations, and messages.
Bindings also specify how types are represented on the wire. Java and Java-based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. SYS-CON Publications, Inc. is independent of Sun Microsystems, Inc.