The manner in which specimens fail under increasing force ranges widely and usually is highly dependent on water state. Table 3-19 contains sets of classes and related operations. Table 3-19 Manner of Failure Classes.
Deformation occurs prior to rupture.
Cracks develop and specimen ruptures before compression to half its original thickness. Specimen can be compressed to half its original thickness without rupture. Radial cracks may appear and extend inward less than half the radius normal compression. A handful of soil material is squeezed in the hand. None flows through the fingers after exerting full compression.