Foot and Mouth Disease is spread by Animal to animal contact and short range droplet infection through breathing is by far the greater source of spread.
Animals shed the virus in breath, saliva, dung, urine and milk.
Contaminated food and meat products. Semen Third party mechanical transfer of virus between two susceptible animals. People, vehicles, tools, equipment moving from a diseased to a clean situation can carry the virus to the clean herd. Sheep are not huge shedders of the virus. Infected pigs excrete huge volumes of the virus from 100,000 to one billion virus particles per hour.