A water shake extraction procedure and concentrations of 30 constituents in shake test extracts were determined. Extract data was used to determine variability of constituent concentrations in extracts and effect of sample depth and location on constituent concentrations. Final plan will aid states in preparation of State Reclamation Plans by utilizing examples in model as a guide. Model represents an acceptable plan and greater detail is encouraged and should be considered by those states with more detailed info available. The analysis and plan were provided to all OSM regulations, states, and Indian tribes for comments which were received and incorporated by OSM and Appalachian Regional Commission.
Appendix discusses incorporation of development plan into incentive reclamation.
Shaft collapse and characteristics of impending collapse are discussed and 6 modes of failure are identified. Hazardous shaft checklist recommending such items as current closure, shaft construction, borehole TV inspection, topography and geology, specific analysis of methane, shaft depth, water level, surface water drainage, and closest mine pool monitoring site are presented. The shaft checklist may be useful to reclamation investigators. Ejector developed which solves technical problems of pneumatically backfilling abandoned mines from the surface. Ejector system uses air to turn the sand at the bottom of a borehole thus presents no surface to wear.