In concept maps, concepts are depicted as labeled nodes, and relationships between concepts as labeled links. Concepts and links in sequence form simple propositions through the words in the nodes and links. Concept maps can be used to represent the knowledge of an individual.
Concept maps follow the idea of assimilation theory.
Assimilation theory suggests a distinction between meaningful learning and rote learning. Rote learning is often emphasized in educational settings, and consists of simple memorization of information, without concern for relationships among concepts. In contrast, meaningful learning results from linking new information to relevant, preexisting concepts or propositions in the cognitive structure of an individual. Ausubel believes that the most important factor for learning is what the learners already know. Concept maps are designed to tap into a person's cognitive structure, and to externalize concepts and propositions.