The 20th century and the second millennium are a past history while 21st century and the third millennium have become a present reality. Those of us who have had the privilege to live in our African continent during the second half of the 20th century have witnessed many shocking contrasts. The gap between Africa and the rest of the world continues to widen. Expenditure on social programs has decreased while military spending continues to rise. Malnutrition and curable diseases kill many Africans each year.
African currencies continue to devaluate.
The second half of the 20th century marked the end of colonialism in Africa. The dying of colonization and the birth of independence created a sense of hope among millions of Africans. But few Africans have enjoyed the fruits of independence. Human rights violation has become a common commodity in Africa. Millions of Africans remain chained to endless cycles of injustice and tyranny.