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Brevity is the soul of wit and good answers.
Explain what a transaction is and why a DBMS provides advantages for transactions over simply storing data in flat files. A DBMS supports the notion of a transaction, which is conceptually a single user s sequential program. Users can write transactions as if their programs were running in isolation against the database. The DBMS executes the actions of transactions in an interleaved fashion to obtain good performance, but schedules them in such a way as to ensure that conflicting operations are not permitted to proceed concurrently. Further, the DBMS maintains a continuous log of the changes to the data, and if there is a system crash, it can restore the database to a transaction-consistent state.