I warmers should be used for teenagers. Invasive monitors are required. Intra-arterial monitoring via femoral artery. CVP monitoring is required for all patients in order to guide volume management and for postoperative vascular access. Place a triple-lumen CVP line in a jugular or subclavian vein.
All patients have bladder catheters inserted prior to surgery.
Temperature Maintenance Hat Wrap extremities in cotton then plastic wrap Bear Hugger to lower extremities using adult lower body blanket for all sized patients. Set at 38 degrees. Induction of anesthesia. Routine sedative premedication is appropriate. The goal of induction of anesthesia, as for all patients, is to protect against the risk of aspiration and to minimize cardiovascular changes.