This course deals with the mechanisms that plants and associated microorganisms use to establish detrimental or beneficial relationships from the molecular level to the population level. Classical and contemporary research are used extensively to evaluate contemporary and emerging theories. A perspective on planning which is especially appropriate for students from, or who expect to practice in, other countries in the Americas. May be convened with PLN 510. Lecture - 3. 004 PLN 412.
Comprehensive planning is an older, traditional technique of planning.
Both are theoretical constructs that are utilized in planning. The study of these two divergent forms of planning will be examined in the context of land management and internal uses for governmental and private agencies. May be convened with PLN 512. Lecture - 3. 004 PLN 444. The course focuses on the social dimension of North American cities, especially at community and neighborhood scales.