Schyns et.al believe that chunking can not be understood completely unless category contrasts and similarities are taken into consideration. There are both similarities and differences between Schyns et al's feature creation theory and the utilization and chunking theory. Yes, large features are sometimes registered without having to be broken down into smaller features, and smaller features can be created by breaking down larger features. Constructive induction is a form of machine learning and it may be useful to look at machine learning in order to describe and understand how new featural descriptions are created in humans. Schyns argues that the immediate appearance of objects can be altered by experience.
Children also seem to have a bias towards local salient properties.
However we also have the ability to detect certain features spontaneously as a predisposition could not possibly prepare us for all the features we may come across in our lifetime. Further research is needed to explain how children and adults use categorization to discover new object features. Schyns argues that we create object features from raw, unprocessed representations.