Italian positions penetrated by Austrians. Vimy Ridge gained by British. Bulgarians invade Greece and occupy forts on the Struma. Kitchener, British Secretary of War, loses his life when the cruiser Hampshire, on which he was voyaging to Russia, is sunk off the Orkney Islands, Scotland. Germans capture Fort Vaux in Verdun attack.
Allies demand Greek demobilization.
King Constantine orders demobilization of Greek army. British and French attack north and south of the Somme. British penetrate German second line, using cavalry. Longueval captured by British. Pozieres occupied by British.