This often happens on the south facing side of newly-installed trees. Bark splits commonly occur on maples, apples, beeches, walnut, and willow as well as other trees. If the newly-planted tree is protected by shrubbery or other trees, damage will be lessened. Solitary trees with full sun exposure are most susceptible. Using tree wrap around newly-planted trunks for the first few years of life helps to protect trees in vulnerable situations.
Adjustment depends on severity and how well established the tree is.
Be sure to watch such trees through the summer and don't allow them to endure drought while they are recovering. This isn't damage and shouldn't be confused with the deep, single splits that weather may cause. The bark effects contribute to the beauty of many trees in winter. Many of these spruces thrive in cold winter climates, and are classic parts of Rocky Mountain and Appalachian flora. Spruce aphids do their nasty work in mid-winter, when the small, almost invisible, green aphids feed on the needles.