A pump that moves the liquid nitrogen to the economizer. An economizer that heats the liquid nitrogen with leftover exhaust heat. A heat exchanger that boils the liquid nitrogen, creating a high pressure gas. An expander, which converts nitrogen's energy into usable power. The heat exchanger is the heart of the LN2000's cryogenic engine , which gets its name from the extremely cold temperature at which the liquid nitrogen is stored.
Air moving around the vehicle is used to heat the liquid nitrogen to a boil.
Once the liquid nitrogen boils, it turns to gas in the same way that heated water forms steam in a steam engine. Nitrogen gas formed in the heat exchanger expands to about 700 times the volume of its liquid form. This highly pressurized gas is then fed to the expander, where the force of the nitrogen gas is converted into mechanical power by pushing on the engine's pistons. The only exhaust is nitrogen, and since nitrogen is a major part of the atmosphere, the car gives off little pollution. However, the cars may not reduce pollution as much as you think.