Rabies is a deadly, yet preventable disease of all species of mammals, including humans, caused by a virus. The virus infects the central nervous system, causing an encephalitis and ultimately death. Rabies is generally transmitted by the saliva of infected animals. Most exposures occur through the bite of a rabid animal. Two cases of human rabies, in Montana, were attributed to exposure to rabid bats.
All mammals are susceptible to rabies.
Most cases in the U.S. involve wild animals, especially skunks, bats, raccoons, coyotes, foxes, and bobcats. In addition, although rare, woodchucks, rabbits, beavers, squirrels and other rodents can be infected with rabies. Rabies has also been diagnosed in dogs, cats, ferrets, horses, cattle, pigs, and other domestic animals. Over 60 cases of rabies are diagnosed annually in Montana, with most cases occurring in skunks and bats. Abnormal behavior is the most consistent sign.