The process of the group is facultative leaders, decision making becomes more complex, the some conflict may occur, and there is formal communication among all members. Members give up a degree of autonomy at this stage. The purpose of the group is to share resources to address the common concern. The structure is a central decision making body, roles are defined, links formalized, and group develops new resources and joint budget. The process of the group is autonomous leadership, group decision making, and communication is frequent and clear.
Coalition is members having a shared vision, and a sense of interdependence.
The purpose of the group is to share ideas and resources, and develop long term commitment by members. The structure of the group involves all members as decision makers, roles and time commitments are defined, there are formal and written agreements, and there is resource development. The process of the group is one of shared leadership and communication is a priority. The purpose of the group is to accomplish shared vision, mission and goals, and for their to be a newly developed organizational identity. The structure of the group is decision making is done by consensus, roles are formalized, and formal written work assignments.