The internal structure of zeolites makes them useful as filters and catalysts.
Catalysts are substances that speed up a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
Zeolites, one of the most abundant kinds of minerals, are made of silicon, oxygen, and aluminum and other metals. Researchers have also developed synthetic zeolites, which contain such substances as phosphorus and sulfur. Industry uses more synthetic zeolite catalysts than any other kind of catalyst. The petroleum industry uses synthetic zeolite catalysts to break down large molecules and to produce gasoline from methyl alcohol. Other uses of synthetic zeolites include the treatment of liquid nuclear waste, soil improvement, and water purification and softening.