The leader of a province is known as a provincial Premier. Each member of Cabinet is known as a Minister and is given a portfolio of governmental responsibility which primarily involves directing the relevant bureaucracy. The Cabinet and associated bureaucracies form the Canadian executive branch of government. The Canadian judiciary is headed by the Supreme Court of Canada. The Supreme Court is the final court of appeal for all lower courts in Canada.
Appeal is available only by leave.
There are two separate court systems which exist beneath the Supreme Court. There is the Federal Court system which hears cases on issues which come solely under the federal jurisdiction. There are also the significantly larger Provincial Court systems which deal with civil and criminal matters within the Province. The Provincial Court systems usually include trial and appellate divisions. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is the Canadian equivalent to the U.S. Bill of Rights.