Birth control methods must be used not only to avoid unwanted pregnancies, but also to plan the number of children a couple actually wants and to space them, so that the best possible care and protection can be given to the new born and the mother. The rhythm method Emergency contraception Sterilisation Abortion or medical termination of pregnancy. Of these, the pill, the IUD, cap and spermicides are to be used exclusively by women. The condom and coitus interruptus are the male methods. Both females and males can be sterilised through surgical operation.
Abortion has to be performed only as a last resort, when a woman gets pregnant.
Thus fertilisation of the egg is prevented. Without fertilisation there can be no embryo, or child. These hormones are involved in the normal monthly cycle of ovulation and menstruation. By altering the natural hormone balance of a woman's body, oral contraceptives interfere with the cycle and prevent the egg from being released from ovary and there by fertilisation is avoided. If used properly, this is a highly effective method.