Our study approaches the Constitution primarily through the political thought and action of statesmen and not primarily through the thought and action of judges. Indeed, one purpose of the course is to make a theme of the difference between the Constitution and constitutional law, and of what difference that difference makes for our understanding of what American democracy is supposed to be. While some attention is paid both to the thought of both judges and scholars, we focus on the thought of those who have had responsibility for acting. This focus treats the Constitution as the normative foundation for our democratic political life as a whole, that is, including the political thoughts and actions of citizens and their elected and removable representatives. It is also required.
Attendance is taken and grades reduced for more than three absences.
Written explanation for absences are expected as a courtesy and should be submitted as soon as possible afterwards. Students are expected to be in class at the beginning of the class. Operationally, absence means not being present when attendance is taken. Asw a courtesy, students are expected to document absences in writing, e.g., a physician's note. Whether documentation is adequate is the sole discretion of the instructor.