The minute you are having pain, get some professional help. And women shouldn't think that having a pedicure will fix an ingrown nail. An ingrown nail is not a cosmetic problem. Corns are a thickening of the skin caused by pressure, often from shoes rubbing against the bones of your toes. Choose a wider toe box or different shoe style.
Calluses are thickenings that are usually on the bottom of the foot.
They generally are not caused by shoes and are very difficult to eliminate. They get worse with wear and tear, as we get older. Some biomechanical imbalance may be at fault that can be helped with padding or shoe inserts. I am 41 and diabetic the past four years. I have stubbed my big toes in the past six months and lost the toenails.