The research methods are selected to respond to the particular question that is proposed. It is more common to see qualitative methods, with an emphasis on discovery and interpretation, than to see hypothesis testing, correlation studies, or other kinds of statistical analysis. Validity in action research is obtained when there are multiple perspectives. Quantitative methods, such as surveys, checklists, test scores, and report cards, can provide another perspective. FIVE C'S Involvement in action research includes Commitment, Collaboration, Concern, Consideration, and Change.
Action research takes time.
The participants need time to get to know and trust each other and to observe practice, consider changes, try new approaches, and document, reflect, and interpret the results. Those who agree to participate should know that they will be involved with the project for a year or more, and that the time commitment is a factor that all participants should consider carefully. Collaboration is not the same as compromise, but it involves a cyclical process of sharing, of giving, and of taking. The ideas and suggestions of each person should be listened to, reflected upon, and respected. This kind of relationship requires risk taking, and a kind of vulnerability exists.