Landing hard on the arch of the foot may contribute to the strain on the Achilles tendon. Proper training and footwear are the best prevention. Stretching the calf muscles attached to the Achilles tendon is important before and after running or exercise. Using orthotics, or arch supports, in footwear can be preventive. Making sure that the back of the shoe is soft enough is another preventive strategy.
Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and signs discussed above.
X-rays do not often reveal abnormalities, but sometimes hardening of the tendon can be observed or an abnormal piece of bone or bone spur is seen where the tendon connects to the back of the heel. X-rays may also show an unusual bump of the heel, which can rub and irritate the tendon. Achilles tendinitis is usually not a permanent problem, although it may take a long time to heal. With repeated or severe stress, the Achilles tendon may rupture. There are no risks to others.