Machines that remove plugs of soil and deposit them on the soil surface are available for rent. The plug-removal machines tend to work best. Two passes, first north and south and second east and west, will usually ensure good aeration. Some homeowners prefer to remove the plugs of soil that are deposited on the lawn surface, but this is not necessary. The plugs will break down quickly after a few waterings.
Aeration is only necessary for lawns subject to compaction.
Lawns that are especially susceptible to compaction should be aerated annually. Excessively early fertilizing will encourage early lush growth that is susceptible to spring frost.