R.N. A staggering 11.3 billion dollars was spent directly and indirectly for asthma related illnesses in 1998. With over 5,000 deaths annually and hospitalizations exceeding 470,000 a year, asthma morbidity and mortality rates continue to increase. Numerous guidelines have been established to improve treatment for this chronic condition. Now, asthma is known to be an inflammatory process. Sputum production increases and mucus is often thick and tenacious.
Chronic inflammation is thought to result in hyper-responsiveness to inhaled irritants.
Emphasis is now placed on treating the inflammation as well as relieving the bronchospasm. Good management of asthma requires early recognition of signs and symptoms. Symptoms are unique to each individual. Experiences from one attack may not be repeated with the next attack. Asthma may affect patients on a daily basis, only at night, or during exercise.