Distribution is a property of a population or species describing the geographic area occupied in the field. The fundamental niche can be used to predict unoccupied geographic areas that it may be possible for the population to occupy. A transplant experiment involves moving individuals from one place or habitat to another place or habitat, with or without manipulation of environmental factors. Ultimately one draws conclusions about whether the unoccupied habitats lie within or outside limits imposed by the fundamental niche, and about what factors cause the observed limits of distribution. An ecologist assumes the same basic definition, but often adds that they should live in the same defined area, use the same resources, and be exposed to the same environmental conditions.
Dispersal is the process of movement of individuals or groups from one place to another.