The costs of any surgery varies significantly between surgeons, medical facilities, and regions of the country. Patients who are younger, sicker, or need more extensive surgery will require more intensive and expensive treatment. Insurance coverage for surgery expenses depends on many factors and should be explored for each individual instance. This is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the heart. The valves, chambers, and associated vessels are labeled.
Cardiac catheterization is used to study the various functions of the heart.
Using different techniques, the coronary arteries can be viewed by injecting dye or opened using balloon angioplasty. The technique can even be performed in small, newborn infants. This is an illustration of the exterior of the heart. The arteries are colored blue and represent blood that is flowing into the heart. The veins are red and indicate blood flow out from the heart.