Adhere to surfaces to form colonies. Protect the organism from dehydration. Structures for Movement a. Flagellum Made of the protein flagellin and consists of a filament and basal region. The basal region has a hook and a basal body which has a rod and rings. Gram positive organisms have 2 rings, one in the cell wall and one in the cell membrane.
Clockwise rotation is for backward or reverse movement.
With peritrichous flagella clockwise rotation results in tumbling to change direction. Axial Filaments - Found in Spirochetes and are similar to flagella, but are located between the cell wall and an outer sheath, and are attached to one end of the organism.