All of the spondylarthropathies share a common genetic marker, called HLA-B27, which occurs in most affected individuals. The most common symptom of AS is low back pain and stiffness, the upper back and neck can also be involved. The shoulders, knees and hips may be swollen, stiff and painful. Fever, fatigue and weight loss are common. Eye inflammation and inflammation of the heart valves can occur in more severe cases.
Diagnosis is made based on medical history, physical exam, blood tests and x-rays.
Treatment of AS is tailored to the individual. Each treatment plan usually consists of several different types of treatment. Every effort must be made to keep the spine straight. Physical therapists can instruct a person on how to maintain proper posture and may be able to teach some exercises to strengthen the back. A firm mattress is recommended to keep the spine aligned during sleep.