The principal outcomes examined in this study were of two types. The focus was less on the permanence of the partnership arrangements themselves than on the persistence of new practices, ways of working, and the cultural norms of the member organizations. Causal Analysis - For analytic purposes, it is useful to divide the sequence of events in the evolution of the partnerships into three phases. Initial development seems to require an energetic and inspirational leader who has clout within the university system. Partnerships must be built on the perception of mutual advantage, mutual trust, and respect.
All new enterprises have special start-up costs and continuing costs.
The strength of the initial infrastructure is critical to sustaining the partnership. Leadership from tenured faculty members and the administration is essential. There is a need to address faculty development in the areas of teaching skills, course content, and comfort with working in schools. There is a need to address the preparation of future teacher educators so new university faculty will enter the profession with the knowledge and skills necessary to work effectively with schools. Additional research is needed on the real costs of education reform, especially the reform of teacher education.