Along with evaluating texture, a routine soil test also determines how a soil drains. Typical soils with drainage problems are composed of sand or clay. Sometimes soils are a mixture of the two. Tests also determine the percentage of organic matter in a soil, a component important in the retention and release of nutrients to plants. A pH test indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity in the soil.
Acidic soils are high in acids.
The pH of a soil will affect the relative availability of certain nutrients to plants. Additional tests can determine the amount of salts in the soil. If the salt content is too high, plant growth can be stunted. Lime, gypsum and sodium levels also are checked before recommendations for salt management are made. If you have additional questions about soil testing, contact your county office of the Colorado State University Cooperative Extension.