Any smaller object traveling around a larger object is called a satellite.
In the context of this report, a satellite is a man-made spacecraft which has been placed in orbit. They can be sent into space with the intention that they will not be recovered, or they can be designed to be recovered or repaired by Space Shuttle and Space Station crews. Satellites also may be either active or passive. Passive satellites contain no radio transmitter or other energy signals, but rather only reflect signals beamed at them from Earth. The active satellites collect data and emit radio signals that transmit the scientific information to Earth.