These spices go into the third della which is then filled with the freshly brewed coffee from the second pot and brought to the boil again. Finally the gahwa is poured into the fourth and smallest pot ready to serve. It is always the host's privilege to serve his guests, although a servant may assist by holding the tray of small, china cups without handles. He may pour himself a small cup first in order to taste it, but strict rules of etiquette are observed in the serving order. When only men are present, the most important person in the room is served first.
Age takes precedence if there is some doubt as to rank.
Until a few years ago men were always served before women, but today that custom is often reversed, particularly if Westerners are among the guests. The cups are only half filled, but guests may have several refills. When the guest has finished he should jiggle the empty cup from side to side, indicating to the host that he has had sufficient. To refuse the first round is considered not only bad manners but also an insult to the host. Gahwa is never sweetened with sugar.