Introductory and summary statements also provide for repetition. Care should be taken to be certain the information repeated is consistent with the objectives established for the program. If a program is self-paced, the learner should be given opportunity to accelerate by skipping reviews or through the use of a compressed speech recorder. Black and white may be just as effective except when the learning involves an actual color discrimination. Learners prefer color versions and appear to attend to color images for a longer period of time.
Color can effectively assist in distinguishing graphic cues.
While it was long believed that greater realism in graphic depiction would add to the value of the picture, the degree of realism depends totally on the objectives established. A more realistic picture or diagram may be more appropriate for achieving some objectives, while a simplified illustration may be much clearer assisting in a different objective. If a program includes demonstrations, only basic elements of what is to be demonstrated should be included, however, complete simplification may not be adequate to meet the objectives. When specific terms are to be emphasized and retained by the learner, both visual printing and verbalization of the terms is advised. Special visual and sound effects, while helping to establish a mood and capture attention, may not directly increase learning.