Loyalty to the group, commitment to its norms, involvement in its activities and a high level of socialization are also typical of CO cultures. Staff assessment in CO cultures emphasizes loyalty and obedience rather than explicit outcomes. This implies that, Proposition 7. CO cultures will find it more difficult to implement IT-enabled performance management systems than their IN counterparts. Masculinity reflects the degree to which a society defines achievement in terms of success and the acquisition of money or material possessions.
Achievement is defined in terms of human contacts and the quality of the living environment.
FE cultures will seek to preserve harmony even if sub-optimal decisions must be made. Following from this, Proposition 8a. FE cultures will place less emphasis on economic and technical impacts of IT than their MA counterparts. FE cultures will place more emphasis on the social impacts of IT than their MA counterparts. The fears of losing face and disturbing nature will dissuade disruptive changes in policies and practices.