Usually, leakage of protein-rich serum occurs, leading to circinate exudation and macular edema. Serous retinal detachment can occur. Generalized arterial sclerosis is a common feature. In some patients, serum lipid abnormalities have been reported. In some patients, the Valsalva maneuver may be associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage.
Blood pressure is likely to be elevated.
Serum lipids may be elevated. Blood glucose is likely in the reference range. This test may be indicated to exclude undiagnosed diabetes in patients with exudative retinopathy in which the etiology is unclear. Fluorescein angiography is the most helpful imaging study for the diagnosis. Saccular dilation of the arteriolar wall is diagnostic of the disease.