About 1 out of every 3 roofers was self-employed. Many self-employed roofers specialize in residential work. They start by carrying equipment and material and erecting scaffolds and hoists. Within 2 or 3 months, trainees are taught to measure, cut, and fit roofing materials, and later, to lay asphalt or fiberglass shingles. Because some roofing materials are used infrequently, it can take several years to get experience working on all the various types of roofing applications.
Apprentices also learn to dampproof and waterproof walls.
Good physical condition and good balance are essential for roofers. A high school education or its equivalent is helpful, as are courses in mechanical drawing and basic mathematics. Most apprentices are at least 18 years old. Roofers may advance to supervisor or estimator for a roofing contractor, or become contractors themselves. Some roofers leave the occupation to go into other construction trades.