Singing male present at same location on at least two occasions 7 or more days apart. This behavior presumes a permanent territory. This code is used when it is fairly certain that a mated pair of birds has been observed. Permanent Territory presumed through defense of breeding territory by fighting or chasing individuals of same species. Because territoriality involves the defense of a fixed area, it is useful to map locations of individuals to determine if they are singing or defending the same general area when surveying the block a week or more later.
Courtship behavior includes transfer of food, displays, and grooming between a pair of birds.
This code applies when a bird is observed visiting the same likely nest site repeatedly, but which provides insufficient behavior for upgrading to Confirmed. This is especially useful for cavity nesters or for a shrub-nesting species that flies into the same thicket and disappears on several occasions. Woodpeckers will drill holes for roosting. Used nest or eggshells found. Unless carefully identified, use this only for unmistakable eggshells and nests that were used during the Atlas period.