Begin addition and subtraction of fractions by using a manipulative such as paper fraction kits.
Concrete examples allow students to comprehend the concepts.
It is important that each student have the same color pieces. This will result in less confusion when you give instructions to the class. If you like, have students make their own kits. Students should have a basic knowledge of equivalent factions as well as comparing and ordering fractions. Students should identify that two red pieces will cover the whole white sheet of paper.