A mixture of aerobic and anaerobic organisms is usually found. Gram-positive cocci include Streptococcus agalactiae , Streptococcus viridans , Streptococcus faecalis , Staphylococcus aureus , and Staphylococcus epidermidis . Gram-negative organisms include Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Proteus mirabilis , Enterobacter aerogenes , Gardnerella vaginalis , and Neisseria gonorrhea . Chlamydia trachomatis may also be a pathogen. Complete blood count reveals leukocytosis with a left shift.
Anemia is a risk factor for the development of endometritis.
The role of endocervical cultures is controversial. They generally are not helpful in management. Urine cultures help rule out urinary tract infection. Prophylactic antibiotics significantly decrease incidence of postpartum endometritis, and are indicated for cesarean deliveries. The gold standard treatment is gentamicin and clindamycin.