Mature sporophyte is brown, doesn t photosynthesize and depends on gametophyte for food. Spore germinates into protonema, the beginning of the gametophyte. Sphagnum moss is used as soil conditioner because gametophyte cells hold water well. Body is flat lobes, like liver Phylum Hepaticophyta Gametophyte is dominant. Rhizoids anchor plant to soil Sexual reproduction has archegonia and antheridia on gametophytes, like mosses.
Asexual reproduction uses gemmae , which are dispersed by rain or small animals.
Thallus can also branch out c. Phylum Antherocerophyta Single disc-shaped chloroplast in each cell, as algae do. Other plants have several chloroplasts in each cell. Antheridia and archegonia embedded in thallus, sporophyte that forms after fertilization is the horn. Meiosis in sporangia produces haploid spores, that germinate to form gametophyte.