Organizational context are the organizational structure, policy of IS and personnel. Technical context includes IT resources available, IS policy and standard. Negatively, IS can make the people's skill obsolete. Negatively, by restricting the tools and information to upper management, employee will incline toward avoid taking responsibility. The dependence of IS can also means business can be crippled by the lack of IS availability.
Common system related risks include malfunctions, human errors, accidents and direct treats.
Initiation Initiation is the process defined as identifying the need to change on an existing IS due to a business problem, decide who should be involved and define a general requirement and direction for which the IS should be changed. If the hardware is not in place, this phase includes the buying of the necessary hardwares. Documentation should be written in this stage and the newly developed system should be tested thoroughly before implementation. Implementation Implementation is the process of changing from the old system to the new system. Implementation involves the writing of implementation plan, training of users and finally the conversion of the old system to the new system.