The key role, therefore, of all planners and decision makers should be to minimise adverse effects so that the sustainability of our resources is not jeopardised. It is in the process of formulating these plans and policies that members of the community have the opportunity to have their say about what they want to happen in their area. The Act encourages councils to seek the views of their residents and businesses when developing resource management plans. Iwi, too, must be consulted. Decisions are usually made at a regional or district level, although sometimes central government may need to step in.
Central government can provide national guidance and standards for environmental management.
These plans contain policies, rules and other requirements that control resource use and can affect what people do. Territorial authorities which are usually city or district councils, such as the Christchurch City Council. Unitary authorities which carry out the functions of regional and district councils, such as the Gisborne District Council. Local authorities consist of politicians and staff. Politicians are elected by the ratepayers and make decisions on how their region or district will be managed.