The ventricles, which are the main lower pumping chambers, contract normally but their rhythm is also fast and irregular. Atrial fibrillation is associated with many types of heart and lung conditions. Common associated conditions include hypertension, valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, heart failure, thyroid disorders, and chronic lung disease. Atrial fibrillation may also occur during times of stress such as during illness or post surgery. The most common symptom is palpitation which can be associated with lightheadedness, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest discomfort and fatigue.
Atrial fibrillation can exacerbate symptoms of angina, heart failure and chronic lung disease.
Atrial fibrillation, per se, is not a life threatening disorder and usually does not directly lead to a serious consequence such as cardiac arrest, heart attack or death. However, many individuals may be indirectly at risk for stroke or other thromboembolic events from atrial fibrillation. Since the atria do not effectively contract and pump blood, blood may stagnate within the atria causing the formation of small blood clots. These clots may become dislodged, traveling to the brain or other organs. Slowing the heart rate can be achieved by using heart rate controlling drugs such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers or digoxin, alone or in combination.