Bacteria divide by binary fission , a process by which one bacterium splits into two.
For a review of prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cellular characteristics, see section U1IB in your Lecture Guide . A coccus-shaped bacterium is usually spherical, although some appear oval, elongated, or flattened on one side. As you observe these different cocci, keep in mind that the procedures used in slide preparation may cause some arrangements to break apart or clump together . The correct form, however, should predominate. Also remember that each coccus in an arrangement represents a complete, single, one-celled organism.