Abstract nouns are processed faster and comprehended better when concrete nouns precede them Ambiguous words Context facilitates recovery of relevant aspects of meaning. High constraint sentences create more restrictions on word features and thus facilitate a reader's recognition of words. Negation Antonyms Antonymous word pairs are processed more quickly when the words are categorical opposites. Predicate negatives Negatively phrased statements that are actually conveying positive content should be phrased as positive statements. It is true that a fire is hot.
Active voice facilitates readers' interpretations when they lack pragmatic expectations.
Active voice can improve comprehension Denominalizations Denominalizations are easier to learn than original nominalizations, if denominalization results in shorter clauses or in the addition of a clause. Syntactic boundaries at the local level are important because readers buffer information up to them, at which point they intergrate the buffered information into the emerging text representation in memory. Repetition of low frequency words increases the ease of integrating the sentence into the developing text representation. The comment of the first sentence becomes the topic of the second and a new comment is added. In turn, that comment becomes the topic and another comment is added, etc.