Wm-2 over the US, leads to changes in surface air temperature of a magnitude comparable to that in summer, but has smaller impacts on circulation and the surface energy and water balance. One focus of the study in East Asia is the importance of absorption of aerosols in this region, where absorptive particles contribute substantially to total aerosols. Aerosols result in significant radiative forcing and changes in atmospheric heat balance, which further modify monsoon circulation systems and precipitation. In particular, aerosols generate strong positive radiative forcing over the Pacific Ocean, and warming in the lower atmosphere. As a result, the subtropical high over the Pacific Ocean becomes stronger and the Mei-Yu precipitation reduces.
Aerosols also lead to cloud burning in the subtropical area.
This figure of aerosol's effects would be much different if aerosols have little absorption. Cloud feedback plays a critical role in generating the differences. The results suggest that aerosols could be a contributing factor for variability of the East Asian summer monsoon. Simulation and parameterization of mesoscale fluxes and moist convection induced by landscape heterogeneity Modeling and observational studies over the past two decades have provided increasing evidence that such landscape discontinuities can generate mesoscale atmospheric circulations similar to sea breezes. Such circulations can further result in substantial vertical fluxes of sensible heat and moisture.