Geographers use maps and graphs to gather, interpret, and analyze geographic information. Charts, graphs, and diagrams are also important tools of geographers. Reading a map requires you to know the elements or parts of a map. Those parts include the key, the compass rose, the scale, and a global grid. The curved surface of the earth is difficult to represent accurately on a flat map.
Different projections show the round earth on flat maps with some distortion.
The earth is made up of water, land,and air. Water makes up the earth's hydrosphere. Land makes up part of the earth's lithosphere, while the air comprises earth's atmosphere. Sections of the earth's crust float and move on a mantle layer, causing some continents to move apart and some to move together. Earth's Crust God uses external forces, such as water, wind, and gravity, help to shape the earth's surface through erosion, movement, and new landforms.