Interestingly, some trees are genetically resistant to insect infestation and produce good seed, even in close proximity to an infected tree. These resistant trees have two dramatic effects on community structure. First, and obviously, insects are concentrated on susceptible trees. But in addition to insect numbers, mycorrhizeae numbers are also affected. Second, the distribution of birds is impacted.
Avian seed disperses selectively forage in areas with large seed crops.
P. monophylla is one of the slowest growing pines. A tree may grow only two to six inches in a year. While intolerant of shade as an adult, these trees require the watchful care of a nurse plant to become established. The large seeds are dispersed by animals. As the trees grow, they are very efficient at gathering water.