It is either exclusively aesthetic, meaning the arts, fine living and civilised values, or amorphously anthropological, meaning a specific way of life.
Culture here means belonging, identity, region, roots allegiance, custom, affinity, tradition.
What has happened in our era, quite dramatically, is that the conflict between these two meanings of culture, which once upon a time concerned only a few fairly harmless academics, has been projected on to a geopolitical axis. Culture versus cultures, universal civility versus specific ways of life, has now come ominously to mean something like the West against the Rest. This, needless to say, is a false antithesis for all sorts of reasons. Whether these cultures are within the citadel of Culture or outside it then hardly matters. Note that Culture, in this view, is cultureless.