NSA is one of the largest employers of mathematicians in the U.S., and perhaps the world. Since 1987, the NSA Mathematical Sciences Programs has funded critical mathematical research in the areas of algebra, number theory, discrete mathematics, probability, statistics, and cryptology. For example, the control theory and mathematical modeling research supported by this directorate complements many structural, fluid mechanics, and propulsion research programs run by the Directorate of Aerospace and Materials Sciences. Mathematical sciences play a key role in the analysis and modeling issues that arise in military science, engineering, and operations. This includes research in the mathematical areas of applied analysis, discrete mathematics, numerical analysis, operations research, visualization, and probability and statistics in support of the naval mission.
Applications range from enhancing surveillance techniques to improving human-computer interaction.