In addition, five satellites have been retired in space. GPS users on land, in the air or at sea obtain signals from the satellites as they pass overhead using special receivers. While the orbiting network was still being assembled with frequent launches, GPS was a vital tool for navigation by U.S. and coalition forces during Operation Desert Storm in 1991. Soldiers were able to go places and maneuver in sandstorms or at night while troops who lived there couldn't. The GPS system was declared fully functional in late 1993, and today is a fixture for the Department of Defense.
Commercial users range from hikers to map makers to the transportation industry.
There are 14 satellites left to be launched in this current GPS generation over the next several years. The schedule remains fluid with several payloads currently shifting launch dates. But the manifest includes two more GPS missions, six launches for NASA, one mission for the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office and a commercial flight for Iridium. Video vault The Boeing Delta 2 rocket lifts off from pad 17A carrying the GPS 2R-7 satellite for the U.S. Air Force. Restricted zone - Map outlining the Launch Hazard Area where mariners should remain clear for the liftoff.