A tiny propane burner heats the air inside the cone, which then warms the helium, increasing the lift while it expands. The training for a balloon pilot is much like the training for any other aircraft, including equipment operation, how to handle emergencies, launch flight and landing techniques. He must understand the complex micrometeorological conditions that control wind and respond accurately to the weather conditions appropriately. But most sport ballooning is done for the sheer pleasure and beauty of the flight and is less governed by the goal of winning. Following the rules of aerodynamics and safe procedures influence the pilot more than any contest rules.
Balloonists compete in local, regional, national and world championship events.
World records are established in the categories of altitude, duration and distance. The best weather for ballooning is when there is high pressure and light surface winds. If there is too much wind, it is probable that the pilot will wait until the winds are more stable and predictable. Usually within three hours of sunrise and sunset is favorable. In addition, the type of terrain affects the way the wind flows.