In my Opinion, we were very lucky that Saddam jumped the gun and invaded Kuwait before his nuclear weapons capability was in place. In the Case of China, we are transferring much. The consequence of this is that China's military will have greater sway over decisions in China that will affect American national security China is seeking to enhance its nuclear weapons and their delivery systems. Supercomputers are important for China to achieve these goals. Having them will enable China to speed up the design and development process by many years, to develop advanced weapons covertly and to build far more accurate nuclear systems that can be used against military targets.
China can use supercomputers to enhance many other weapons programs.
China has already been given enough supercomputer power to break any commercial encryption prom, such as those in use today by financial institutions. Giving China supercomputers also enhances her ability to use advanced information warfare techniques, such as attacking our own computer infrastructure. Chinese acquisition of additional nuclear capabilities, and the more rapid modernization of her conventional systems, will make our ability to maintain peace in the region surrounding China more difficult. Chinese nuclear threats will have to be taken more seriously. At one point a senior Chinese official, in reaction to the appearance of the Task Forces, threatened to incinerate Los Angeles in retaliation.