The initial microspore tetrads tetrahedral. Carpels reduced in number relative to the perianth, or isomerous with the perianth. Gynoecium median . Polar nuclei fusing prior to fertilization. Endosperm formation nuclear.
Capsules usually loculicidal .
Seeds endospermic . Physiology, biochemistry . Aluminium accumulation not found. C3 recorded in Cantua , Gilia , Phlox , Polemonium . Geography, cytology .