What Archaeologists Have Learned What Archaeologists Have Learned Archaeologists have learned about previous cultures and environments in nearly every area in the world, but some areas have been studied more intensively than others. Ancient, historic, and modern people all can be studied using the methods of archaeology, although when studying prehistoric peoples, the evidence comes primarily from excavated sites. Researchers looking at historic and modern groups also have the benefit of written information.
Archaeologists know that excavation destroys a site.
They address this problem by only sampling or unearthing a portion of a site, leaving the rest for future researchers, who will have better tools and methods. Teaching about ancient cultures is also teaching American Indian ethnic history, which should be accorded a high degree of sensitivity and respect. The archaeological view of the past is based on inferences derived from the scientific analysis of material remains. This perspective can differ from a Native American view. Many people see the past as embodying their heritage and cultural traditions, religion, and myths.