Treatment is with anti-venin. Toads and frogs also produce bufotenins and serotonin, which produce hallucinogenic reactions. Refer to the section on Cardiovascular Toxicity for a further discussion of these toxins. Many snake venoms will contain a mixture of these toxins, so that a combination of symptoms will present following envenomation. Envenomation will present as swelling, dema, and pain within 10 min.
Death is generally due to respiratory paralysis or convulsions.
Treatment is anti-venin and supportive as needed. Envenomation presents as pain. Onset of swelling is much slower than with the crotalids. Death is usually due to convulsions. Treatment is anti-venin and supportive.