This condition primarily affects scuba divers and is seen frequently in such areas as California and Florida.
Decompression sickness occurs when there is production of nitrogen bubbles in the circulation.
As the diver ascends to the surface, the underwater pressure decreases. Nitrogen bubbles form in the bloodstream when the pressure decreases too rapidly and these bubbles migrate to the joints causing extreme pain. These gas bubbles may embolize, travel to the brain, and cause death. By returning the diver to a simulated depth, the return to normal atmospheric pressure can be made in a slower, more controlled manner. This allows the nitrogen to be exhaled rather than accumulating and causing distress.