But many aspects of the theory continue to be studied today, and the theoretical approach has permeated many areas of condensed matter physics. Based mainly on their resistance measurements, experimentalists have disagreed on the answer, and the theory is ambiguous as well. Researchers hope the resolution of the question will bring a deeper understanding of the Kondo phenomenon. Heat flow in the deep freeze. The temperature difference leads to a different voltage for each wire, demonstrating that the Kondo effect depends on wire size.
All wires are gold doped with iron.
The arrow at the top represents 50 m. Phys. Thermopower, like resistance, is a property of the conduction electrons and should show the same size-dependent effects, according to Sch nenberger, but is much more sensitive than resistance. The team fabricated a microchip containing four AuFe wires with widths ranging from 105 to 305 nm , applied the same temperature difference across each one, and compared the voltages they generated. The main difficulty in such experiments is creating and measuring suitable temperature differences on a micron scale. The slight temperature differences required were too small for traditional methods, so Strunk and his colleagues heated the electrons directly, using microamps of current.