When traveling, you need to distinguish between required and recommended vaccinations. Required immunizations are those that you have to have in order to be legally allowed into a country. It's their way of protecting their citizens against you. Right now, the only required vaccination in any country is Yellow Fever. BUT you sometimes run into local health officials who require certain shots even though their country officially does not.
Cholera is a frequent case in point.
So you need to know not only what is officially required, but also what is required in actual practice. There are routine ones, like tetanus, polio and flu which you really should be up to date on whether you are traveling or not. Then there are special ones like yellow fever, cholera, rabies, etc. which depend on your risk of exposure when you travel. And herein lies the rub. What is recommended for any given locale may vary tremendously from person to person, and depending on what has happened in that locale lately.