Another major river, the Syr Darya, flows across part of northeastern Tajikistan. Other rivers include the Vakhsh, Kafirnigan, and Zeravshan. Earthquakes often occur throughout the region. Summers in the valleys are typically long, hot, and dry. Winters in the highlands are long and cold.
Agriculture accounts for almost two-fifths of the value of Tajikistan's economic production.
Cotton is Tajikistan's chief agricultural product. Other crops include various fruits, grains, and vegetables. Farmers also raise a variety of livestock, including cattle, chickens, horses, Karakul sheep, and yaks. Chief agricultural areas lie in the country's southwest and north. Tajikistan's industries, which include food processing, hydroelectric power generation, mining, and textile manufacturing, account for about a third of the value of the country's economic production.