Kaiser modeled the behavior of single dragonflies to find out what social behavior might lead to this phenomena. Z. Tierpsychologie, vol. Kaiser, H., The Dynaoics of Populations as Result of the Properties of Individual Animals, Fortschr. Crowns Crowding This paper describes the model of crowding crowns in a coral reef. The area is devided into cells, each containing corals or nothing.
Crowns move arround and eat corals.
Corals may regrow if eaten by crowns. The behavior of crowns is quite simple. They move arround, eat corals if they come to a cell containing corals and then rest for a certain time. Crowns crowd, that is they head towards other crowns, if they dedect them. The authors propose a model to explain the underlying mechanisms.