Spicy foods have an impact after 8 to 12 hours. Intense travel, such as over 12 hours at one stretch by air will result in AF if rest is not taken. Thank you for your views on the questions I have posed. The same is true of atenolol, but sometimes one type of beta blocker causes problems, while another one does not. The change in sexual function, if gradual, could also be the result of aging.
Digoxin has no effect on blood pressure.
It is somewhat useful in slowing the rate of atrial fibrillation. Medications are almost always needed to keep the rate from getting dangerously high. Finally, medicines to thin the blood and prevent stoke are needed in most patients with atrial fibrillation and underlying cardiovascular disease. Even patients who go in and out of atrial fibrillation are at an elevated risk for stroke. I hope this has been useful.