In this sense, information has been related to certainty, which by itself is related to access to information. This approach is consistent with Claude Shannon s work on so-called information theory . Claude Shannon was the mathematician who in the 1930s recognized how to express information in binary form. During World War II, he began developing a mathematical description of information and founded a field that later became known as information theory . Shannon defined information as the reduction of uncertainty.
Artificial intelligence regards data as the raw material of information.
Information is the what of what is represented. Knowledge is the what and how of what is represented. In addition, data has also been considered as facts in isolation. Information is data refined relative to a specific decision-making context. One person's information is another person's data.