With luck we are now entering an era of truly scientific archeology and anthropology which will give us some correct answers, undistorted by asymmetrical evidence. Some of the results could be quite surprising. Unfortunately progress is often hindered by nationalism which forbids DNA research. But the biggest problem is the asymmetry of archeological evidence. Artefacts survive in abundance in deserts, and the ideal place for great finds is an alluvial plain in a desert, watered by one or two great rivers, which change course to live whole cities high and dry.
Archeologists find the remains and assume they are the first as well as the oldest extant.
The worst place for archeology is Flanders where after 82 years the archeological evidence that the bloodiest battles in world history took place there has almost vanished.