Larger and faster ships coupled with advanced port container-handling equipment could enable terminal operators to move more cargo and increase labor productivity. Failure to make port infrastructure improvements in a timely and cost-effective manner may adversely affect our Nation s efficient commerce. Challenges facing ports include capacity to accommodate future volume of freight and the size of ships. According to the Army Corps of Engineers, the amount of cargo moving through U.S. ports is expected to double by 2020 placing increased demand on port infrastructure. The same source reports that a large portion of the future increase in cargo shipments will be in the container trade that is expected to triple in 20 years.
Containers usually carry consumer goods, electronic products, and machinery.
The maritime industry is reacting by constructing larger and larger container ships. Ports are looking to expand their container handling capability with new equipment and landside development. Container facilities on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts have channels that are typically 45 feet or less. The port industry has expressed concern that in the future, the larger ships will not be able to effectively use many U.S. ports. In heavily urbanized areas, landside congestion is a problem because limited physical terminal space and highway and rail connectors that are inadequate to support efficient movement of cargo.