Revel soils have a paralithic contact with sandstone at 20 to 40 inches and lack a Bhs horizon. Rixon soils lack a Bhs horizon and have less than 25 percent weathered pebbles in the particle-size control section. Dekapen soils are on glacially modified mountain plateaus and backslopes at elevations of 1,600 to 2,200 feet. Slopes are 8 to 25 percent. The soils formed in volcanic ash, loess, and glacial till derived from sandstone.
Dekapen soils are in a cool marine climate with cold, wet winters and cool, dry summers.
Snow cover lasts from January through March. Average annual precipitation is 65 to 75 inches. The frost-free season is 110 to 140 days. These are the Cupples and Welcome soils, and the competing Revel soils. Cupples soils are loamy-skeletal.