These are taken from the free throw or foul line 4.6m from the basket and are worth one point. The clock stops whenever the referee blows his whistle and is re-started when the ball is touched by a player on court. Each side has up to ten players on their team. Any five can be on court at any time. A coach can make substitutions as often as he likes, but must wait for an appropriate stoppage in play.
Basketball is theoretically a non-contact sport.
Therefore the referee will call a foul against any player who makes unnecessary contact. Deliberate contact is penalised more severely with an unsportsmanlike foul and unsporting behaviour by players or coaches can be punished with a technical foul. Each player can only commit five fouls during the course of the game. Upon receiving his fifth foul a player has 'fouled out' and must leave the game. A substitute can take his place.