It has been reported in most countries throughout the world and in most racial groups. It is less common in Black Africa and Polynesia. The condition is not hereditary, however, very commonly, it may be seen in more than one member of a family. It is known that the immune system in patients with scleroderma is activated. One example of this is the presence of autoantibodies in most patients with scleroderma.
Antibodies are proteins which are normally directed against foreign substances such as bacteria.
They are a normal part of the body's immune system and are an essential defence against infection. In addition other parts of the immune system are activated in this disease. Lymphocytes, which are the cells of the immune system, can be found in increased numbers in tissues affected by scleroderma. It is likely that they release chemicals which initiate the damaging process. In addition, the ling cells become more activated making them more sticky.