Tomicus piniperda completes one generation per year throughout its native range of Europe and Asia. Adults quickly colonize either recently cut pine stumps, logs, or, at times, infest the trunks of severely weakened trees. Pine is the principal host tree. When populations are high, adults may breed in spruce, fir, and larch logs that occur in stands mixed with pine. Various species of blue stain fungi are associated with this bark beetle.
Adults use host volatiles such as alpha-pinene to locate suitable host material for breeding.
Females initiate gallery systems and soon one male joins each female. After mating, females construct individual vertical egg galleries within the inner bark and outer sapwood. Females lay eggs singly in niches that are cut into both sides of the egg gallery. Most larvae complete development, pupate, and transform to adults in May and June. Damaged shoots on Scotch Pine.