Perform these tests in consultation with experts in water metabolism. Correct hypernatremia in 48-72 hours, with no more than half of the calculated water deficit replaced during the first 24 hours of therapy. The underlying damage to the hypothalamic area often is irreversible. The goal of medical care is to teach the patient and parents how to maintain adequate fluid intake. No pharmacological therapy currently exists.
Behavioral procedures are successful in increasing water intake in some patients.
Electroconvulsive therapy has been used, with mixed results, in patients in whom the underlying cause is psychogenic. Removal of tumors, hematomas, or cysts that compress the thirst center may be curative in selected cases. Obtain the opinion of an endocrinologist in patients with associated central diabetes insipidus. No dietary restrictions are necessary. No restrictions on activity are necessary.