In its extreme, defeathering is so extensive that the birds will become denuded. In this state they are at risk of infection, hypothermia and can haemorrhage to death if 'blood feathers' are picked. Observations of interactions between owners and birds have not indicated abuse or any bizarre behaviours. In birds, the brains are phylogenetically ancient lacking a large cerebral cortex. The lymbic system is extensive and as in humans, is thought to be the area involved.
Clomipramine is an anti-depressant.
In the treatment of birds, placing a plastic collar around the neck works but the behaviour usually returns when the collar is removed. For a small percentage of birds, the addition of an opposite sexed mate eliminates the behaviour. Sedatives, hypnotics and tricyclic antidepressants have been occasionally reported as an effective treatment. As well, the greatest response is in those patients who are not incapacitated by the symptoms. The findings of this study may have been more positive had less severely affected birds been used in their sample population.