Arctic regions have extremely harsh but also unique and very sensible environmental conditions.
The long, cold, and dark winter seasons interrupted by summer seasons demand to flora and fauna extraordinary adaptation, assimilation and survival techniques Growth rates of plants and many species are very low and the mortality can be very high. Despite these conditions the wide, very thin populated and food rich arctic areas attract and give favourite conditions for many but small plants and various animals. Large bird populations breed in the Arctic and some like diverse bird species leave the area to hibernate in moderate latitudes, others like caribous migrate to sheltered and or further south located areas where they can reach plants below the snow during winter times as well. Others can sustain the hard winter conditions and live there permanently partially hibernating partially keeping active all the year round. The marine areas are very rich in plankton giving fish and specially adapted birds and mammals like various species of seals and the walrus and their main predator the polar bear favourite living conditions.