Direct observation was carried out in five parks on seven non-consecutive days in 1998 and on matched days in 1999. The location of the observation point, observer reliability, recording and accuracy of data, and specific issues related to outdoor observation areas should all be considered when designing a study incorporating direct observation as a data collection method.
Direct observation can provide valuable information.
However, pilot testing is essential for minimising potential problems associated with this method and optimising data quality. The issues discussed in this paper provide a useful guide for other researchers undertaking direct observation in outdoor environments.