A typical case of diabetes mellitus often features polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria and loss of body weight. Early or asymptomaric patients only show abnormal release of cortical hormone and insulin. The level of fasting blood sugar is high with abnormal glucose tolerance test. Symptomatic patients are frequently complicated by other symptoms of dermal, neural and endocrinous disorders, besides polyphogia, polyphsia, polyuria and loss of body weight. The main complications and concomitant diseases of diabetes mellitus are diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic renopathy and peripheral neuropathy.
Cardiovascular complications are the main causes of death.
Blood glucose after meal is more than 160-180 mg. Urine is positive for glucose. If complicated by ketosis, urine is positive for ketone bodies. Glucose tolerance test can be used to diagnose early or suspected cases and is the principal test means in diagnosis. New diagnostic techniques such as testing blood insulin levels are quite useful in determining the pathological changes of pancreas and with it to chose different herbal medicine.