The goal of the study is to reduce injury and death from chemical accidents. A clear understanding of how and why anhydrous ammonia releases occur and how to avoid them can facilitate better training and improve the safety of workers, responders and the public.
Anhydrous ammonia is used widely and in large quantities for a variety of purposes.
The substance is stored and used at agricultural retailers and facilities with ammonia refrigeration systems. Anhydrous ammonia also is a key ingredient in the illegal production of methamphetamines. Illegal drug makers often steal anhydrous ammonia from areas where it is stored or used. Anhydrous ammonia is stored as a liquid under pressure, however, it becomes a toxic gas when released to the environment. Liquid anhydrous ammonia expands 850 times when released to ambient air and can form large vapor clouds.