Ivan Illich School is an instiution built on the axiom that learning is the result of teaching. And institutional wisdom continues to accept this axiom, despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary. Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. The inductivist or Lamarkian approach operates with the idea of instruction from without , or from the environment. In fact, I contend that there is no such thing as instruction from without the stucture , or the passive reception of a flow of information which impresses itself on our sense organs.
All observations are theory-impregnated.
There is no pure, disinterested, theory-free observation. We do not discover new facts or new effects by copying them, or by inferring them inductively from observation, or by any other method of instruction by the environment. We use, rather, the method of trial and the elimination of error. Yet it is also of the greatest importance not to mistake this discovery, this step towards criticism, for a step towards relativism. As two wrongs don't make a right, two wrong parties to a dispute do not make two right parties.