Yielding can also contribute to a successful problem solving approach. However, outcomes tend to be depressed when both parties use a yielding strategy. The strategy of inaction is usually used to increase time pressure on the other party. The dual concern model predicts strategy choice based on four factors. Concern is also increased when one's aspirations are close to one's baseline position, that is, when there is little room to make concessions.
Concern is diminished when one fears conflict.
Research has found that representatives are more concerned and less likely to yield than are individuals negotiating on their own behalf. This is because representatives are accountable to and need the approval of their constituents. Concern about the other party's outcome may be genuine or strategic. Genuine concern for the other is increased by personal attraction, shared group identity, or a positive mood. Strategic concern for the other's outcomes results from dependency on the other, or when the other can supply rewards or penalties.