The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources regulates the amount of chromium that can be released by industries. Lung cancer can develop after exposure to hexavalent chromium vapors or fumes. Lung irritation resulting in asthma can be caused by hexavalent chromium. Chromium exposure can cause liver and kidney damage. Animal studies show changes in immune system function.
Animal studies show damage to developing fetuses and lowered sperm production in males.
In general, chemicals affect the same organ systems in all people who are exposed. However, the seriousness of the effects may vary from person to person. A person's reaction depends on several things, including individual health, heredity, previous exposure to chemicals including chromium and medicines, and personal habits such as smoking or drinking. When a person is regularly exposed to chromium, the chemical can be monitored by testing hair, urine, blood serum and red blood cells. Most of the chromium that enters the body is eliminated within 24 hours.