Biogas production is also possible.
The focus of the course is on systems using source separation, where the toilet fraction is separated from the wastewater stream and treated separately, and on wetland systems for treating graywater, combined wastewater, and landfill leachate. The source separating systems can also handle organic household waste and are applicable to rural and urban areas. There have been great improvements in recent years in the design of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment. Increasingly stringent requirements for treatment of wastewater from all sources, including small towns and rural areas, mean that demand is increasing for low-cost, effective alternatives. The course will give examples of ecologically engineered solutions appropriate for both high income and low income countries.