Shoaf described the flow of casualty information. Generators of building damage information include building inspectors and engineers.
Data are then available to the risk assessment casualty researchers.
The type of data and methodology in the studies cited-e.g., survey data, longitudinal data, Data sources, Whether casualties were estimated or counted, Injury levels and what constitutes an injury, Classification systems using injury severity scales, and Determination of what risk factors were measured. Casualty numbers were not classified as to type of death nor was the methodology verified as to how that number was obtained. Articles dating back to 1970 stated the need for standardized definitions. Review of Loss Estimation Frameworks Researchers also reviewed loss estimation frameworks used to estimate casualties. They looked at what kind of methodology was used, building damage models and building inventory, occupancy models, injury classification schemes, and data sources for injury models.