The progress of abstraction All programming languages provide abstractions. It can be argued that the complexity of the problems you can solve is directly related to the kind and quality of abstraction.
Assembly language is a small abstraction of the underlying machine.
These languages are big improvements over assembly language, but their primary abstraction still requires you to think in terms of the structure of the computer rather than the structure of the problem you are trying to solve. The alternative to modeling the machine is to model the problem you're trying to solve. Languages have been created for constraint-based programming and for programming exclusively by manipulating graphical symbols. Each of these approaches is a good solution to the particular class of problem they're designed to solve, but when you step outside of that domain they become awkward. The object- oriented approach takes a step farther by providing tools for the programmer to represent elements in the problem space.