Inductive logic is inferring the cause from the observed effect. An idea is tested using observations and deductive logic.
Deductive logic is inferred the effect from the cause, and is very reliable.
After extensive testing, the idea becomes a theory. After much time and testing, a theory can become a law. Remember, the Scientific Method uses inductive logic , a type of logic that requires lots of testing to be reliable. Unfortunately, since we can usually only observe the effects of a process, we cannot use deductive logic.