Presently, there is limited evidence to indicate potential improvement in survival with widespread screening. However, there is fair evidence to support endoscopic screening for those with increased risk. It is noted, however, that those of increased risk constitute a small minority of those destined to develop colorectal cancer. Although indirect evidence suggests providing endoscopic screening for those of average risk, there is no definitive recommendation for or against endoscopic screening until more conclusive data is available. The intent of this guideline is to provide the physicians who deal with disorders of the GI tract, with recommendations for early detection.
Colonoscopy is the gold standard for colon surveillance.
Flexible sigmoidoscopy may be specifically indicated for more limited examinations. Where colonoscopy is not available, flexible sigmoidoscopy plus air contrast enema is equivalent. American Cancer Society. Screening for GI tract malignancy. Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination.