Lower urinary tract disease in male cats can lead to an obstruction that damages the urethra , bladder and kidneys. The above illustration shows a life-threatening obstruction of the male penile urethra. If a cat is prone to this disorder, it will usually show some signs of the disease when it reaches 3 years of age, although urinary tract blockage can occur at almost any age. At the very least, toxins can build up in the bloodstream leading to serious systemic illness. These can include inappropriate urination in places other than the litter box or normal elimination areas, increased licking at the genital region, straining, and frequent attempts at urination with crying or vocalization, and blood in the urine.
Cats often lose their appetites and become more irritable as well.
More seriously, male cats suffering from partial or complete obstruction of the urethra can exhibit vomiting, intense lethargy, and a distended, painful abdomen. An enlarged, painful bladder can also be palpated in those cats suffering from some degree of obstruction. If a bladder infection is suspected, then urine cultures might also be performed. Most veterinary hospitals are equipped to monitor these enzymes. If an actual obstruction is suspected, then rapid treatment is essential to save the life of the cat.