Inside it is photons, and the photons keep the beam in phase and coherent. They do not break up over distances. They keep telling the truth no matter how far out you go. When it measures what needs to be measured. Diagnostic measures are the vital signs that tell you your current status.
All measures eventually link to organizational outcomes.
And the key to strategy is efficient implementation. Financial Kaplan makes the case that organizations today are hung up on financial metrics created 75 years ago to track industrial corporations. These metrics are fine for their purpose, but that purpose does not extend to the new information needs organizations are having. The Balanced Scorecard tracks value to customers. The Balanced Scorecard tracks the value chain of every organizational process.