These strategies will include careful monitoring and microassessment of discreet impacts of climate change on particular species. Low-latitude forest adaptation options, especially in west Africa, must include active vegetation and soil management. For example, Gilbert et al. These adaptive measures will help reduce climate change impacts on forest watersheds and semi-arid woodlands. For rangelands, Milton et al.
Assisted management is a lot harder for wildlife in game reserves than for livestock.
Massive fragmentation of previous forests and woodlands makes it difficult for wildlife to migrate along corridors to areas with more water and foliage. Close monitoring would identify groups of wildlife that are in danger, and steps can be taken to move them to suitable habitat. Joint planning of projects that would impact cross-boundary catchment areas will become increasingly important if the climate becomes more variable and water more scarce for many regions of Africa. A Conceptual Model of Arid Rangeland Degradation Overuse by a narrow suite of domesticated herbivores has led to progressive loss of secondary productivity and diversity in rangelands. Milton et al.