Camera or subject movement combined with a slow shutter speed. Moving the camera with the subject motion or against that motion can create fluid images full of energy. Unusual light sources. There are now dozens of different lamps that put out wavelengths that are quite different from daylight or even household lights or fluorescents. I love flare.
All lenses flare to some extent, and it can produce unusual effects.
Each lens and aperture design seems to produce its own unique signature. Extreme angles and distance can create dramatic results. All film and all light sensitive materials tend to favor some colors and subdue others. Kodachrome, for example, has a red bias. The classic photo of the red barn with Kodachrome makes the barn scream with its red color.