The important concepts explored were co-participation, symbolic violence, power relationships, cultural fit and interaction, collateral learning, and border crossing. Under culture, the important themes seemed to be worldview, structural linguistics, religion and philosophy, and indigenous science. The issues worldview, border crossing and collateral learning are particularly important here. An identification and explication of the specific issues which emerged at the meeting and areas identified for further research are described in Sections 3.0 and 4.0 below. In many parts of the world, Western science is a hegemonic icon of cultural imperialism, which creates symbolic violence to the marginalised and oppressed and creates cognitive apartheid in the minds of students.
Cognitive apartheid involves the ' boxing ' of science as school knowledge.
The hegemonic influence of Western science may in fact lead to cultural annihilation. 2.2 Rationality is universal but variations depend on a context sanctioned by a cultural group or community. Rationality is an act in accordance with a culturally validated referential system. Issues of political power and student identity were recognised. 2.4 Philosophers can help articulate differences among cultural groups.