It is normally difficult to extract from pulp and ends up a pollutant once it is removed. Most bioremediation technology is designed to remove a pollutant once it is generated or released into the environment although some types of bioremediation remove chemicals before they become pollutants. Technologies using bioremediation treatment include bioaugmentation, biofilters, bioreactors, biostimulation, bioventing, composting and landfarming. This is a general term describing the addition of organisms or enzymes to a material to remove unwanted chemicals. Bioaugmentation is used to remove byproducts from raw materials and potential pollutants from waste.
Bacteria are the most common bioaugmentation organisms.
Many applications are accomplished using vegetation to remove excess nutrients, metals and pathogenic bacteria. Waste water from human and agricultural effluent is cleaned this way using wetland plants. The removal of organic gases by passing air through compost or soil containing microorganisms capable of degrading the gases. The treatment of a contaminated substance in a large tank containing organisms or enzymes. Bioreactors are commonly used to remove toxic pollutants from solid waste and soil.