Macrosomia and associated birth trauma are related to maternal hyperglycemia. Increased incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and jaundice. The incidence of congenital anomalies is increased with first-trimester hyperglycemia. The mother has an increased incidence of preeclampsia, infection, postpartum bleeding, cesarean section. Management of gestational diabetes.
Dietary adjustment is the mainstay of therapy.
The patient should avoid cakes, candy, and other fast-acting carbohydrates. Exercise has shown added benefit along with dietary therapy. Early ultrasonography for accurate gestational dating. Follow every 2 weeks until 36 weeks and then weekly. Accucheck QID before meals and at bedtime.