In the early days of using computers in classrooms, technology was often seen as an add-on to the real work of teaching and learning. Curricula reflect the 21st-century Digital Age. Instructional approaches reflect the 21st century. Assessments reflect the 21st century.
Alignment exists between curricula, instruction, and assessment.
The ability to access, manipulate, communicate, and analyze information is critical in the 21st century. These are the areas in which students should show mastery if they are to meet ISTE's standards of technology proficiency, although each state may define technology standards somewhat differently. Regardless, the standards lay a foundation. The curricula, instruction, and assessments must reflect and align with these standards, and, wherever possible, embody a 21st-century approach to education. Most states have adopted academic standards, and some have adopted a separate set of standards that relate to technology competencies.