Most powerful approach but requires more work if a map is all one is after. Simplification is also necessary. Symbolization is useful. Wise use of color, fill, line type is important. Put just enough not too much content in.
Aerial photography is limited to capture of images on film from a aerial platform.
And aerial videography which can be done using a plane or helicopter or other platform. Photography Can be either in the visible spectrum or the invisible infrared. The image can be a vertical image or a oblique image. Usual platform id a two seat single engine plane. High level uses U2 s or SR71 s.