It is usually found in younger aged patients. There is often associated coronary artery disease. The mitral valve is usually functionally normal.
Atrial size is generally within normal limits by echocardiogram.
This is commonly caused by co-existent AV nodal disease in such patients. One common etiology of this condition is sick-sinus syndrome. Such patients may convert suddenly to a rapid ventricular response upon exercising. A 22 year old college student presents to the ER early Sunday morning with a chief complaint of palpitations for the past 4 hours. He denies any other cardiac symptoms.