In Squares and Rounds, the term square dance is used for any type of that is not done by individual couples. The square dance is made up of many figures that are called out by a caller. The traditional caller came originally from the Cotillions of the time. Square dancing became a part of the barn dance scene. Contra dances have a beginning and end.
Circle dances have no beginning or end.
The Southerner Television 1948 - Capt. William B. 1875 - The Perfect Art of Modern Dancing Witherspoon, Edna 1894 Butterick Pub. Old Fashioned Dancing, revived by Ford Ford, Henry Ford 1900's - Historic Musicians etc.