I I should like to start by saying that the role attributed to the state or government in our countries of the third world is still the main and fundamental basic rule, and this is the result of the historic background and traditions of developing countries and emerging democracies. Unless the rule of the State is redirected along the right pass and as one of the colleagues has said we need to raise new generations, and this would be much easier and even faster to wait for very slow solutions. Herein lies the responsibility of the state itself, because unless the top management and the top officials of the state set the proper example, all this will remain mere words. Any individual, be he a representative of the ruling party or any powerful authority in this state, he should no longer believe that his post is his own private property. This is part of this out molded mentality and culture which should be completely done away with, with education and with application of certain penal measures even though they may be cruel.
Administration is the axis.
Administration comprises the individual, the human being, legislature and laws. We have already referred to how the individual should act and the example that should be set by the high officials, the legislations and law secure transparency, meaning that they should secure and guarantee and protect the rights of any employee. For example, in Yemen, one of the main causes hindering reform and leading to corruption is the fact that government employees receive salaries which are not sufficient to cover the expenses for half a month only. This means that we are only deep rooting corruption and encouraging it, and unfortunately the IMF and the World Bank, and here I should like to refer to the external influences it holds corruption. We have very often told that IMF that any economic or financial reform should be preceded by measures taken to revocate the corruption, and this would be tantamount to blowing a broken home.