The study of the language system itself, while useful for some students, does not automatically result in the development of the ability to process language in real situations and to respond meaningfully in appropriate ways. Communicative skills allow students to develop proficiency in English so that they can express their needs and ideas, can interact socially, and have the basic survival skills to function in the American culture. Unlike most other content areas, neither ESL teachers nor ESL curricula can assume that ESOL learners will have similar foundational knowledge based on their grade level. Nor can they assume that ESOL students have basic learning strategies at their disposal. This strand addresses this potential problem by clarifying the basic academic language and skills that all students must have to be successful in school.
Academic language consists primarily of the functions needed for authentic academic content.
These functions include explaining, informing, justifying, comparing, describing, proving, debating, persuading, and evaluating. ESOL students practice these functions and thinking skills while engaged in specific content activities. Cultures Strand ESOL students thrive in an atmosphere in which their language, culture, and values are acknowledged and respected and in which they can succeed. It is important that ESOL students have the opportunity to affirm their heritages and to celebrate them in the classroom . It is equally important that students become skilled observers and analysts of the American culture.