No significant disease problems have been noted in field testing pearl millet in the Midwest. Rust has occasionally appeared in southeastern states, usually on later planted pearl millet. New rust resistant varieties are being developed. Seedlings trying to emerge from cold, wet soils sometimes are killed by damping off caused by soil pathogens. These lists are believed to be accurate, but given the changing nature of pesticide registrations, labels and relevant government pesticide regulations should be checked before applying any herbicide or other pesticide.
Birds can cause damage to pearl millet fields.
The grain heads are carried on a stalk strong enough to serve as a perch for most birds, which then peck away at the exposed seed on the grain head. Chance of damage can be reduced by keeping pearl millet fields away from tree lines or woods if possible. Pearl millet is a crop that should need little in the way of pesticide use, and can be grown effectively with organic methods for the organic livestock feed market, which pays a premium for feed materials in many areas. Using cover crops or manure to boost fertility, employing cultural and mechanical weed control, and incorporating crop rotation can allow successful organic production of this crop. Harvesting and Storage Current pearl millet varieties produce seeds that are ready for harvest before the plant is dried down.