Avoidant attachment arises from consistent coldness and unavailability from the parent. Avoidant children spurn their parents. Phil Shaver and Cindy Hazan showed that behavior patterns in adult relationships could be broken down into the same categories. Secure adults find it relatively easy to find intimacy with others and depend on them for support. Anxious-ambivalent adults often desire a more intensely close relationship than their partner is willing to have.
Avoidant individuals have a hard time forming intimate relationships with anyone.
A group is defined as a collection of two or more people who influence each other through social interaction for more than a few moments and share a common goal. When a group forms each person in the person feels less responsibility that he or she would as an individual. This diffusion of responsibility results in the bystander effect and social loafing. The bystander effect indicates that the more bystanders present in an emergency the less likely any one of them is to help out. Social loafing is when each member of a group exerts less effort on a task than he would if working alone.