To purchase a copy of any of these reports. There hardly is an industry which does not store and handle solid materials in bulk form. When the volume of the solids is large, gravity is invariably relied upon to cause the solids to flow out of storage, through channels and reactors. Such materials as ore, coal, cement, flour, polypropylene, clay, soil, to which a general term of bulk solids is applied, flow by gravity or are expected to flow by gravity in thousands of installations and by the billions of tons annually. Mining relies on gravity flow in block-caving, in ore passes, as well as in storage and loading bins.
Agriculture uses gravity flow in elevators, in feed plants, and in soils.
The chemical and process industry depends on gravity flow of solids in process and out of storage. This bulletin follows UEES Bulletin No. 108 which was published in 1961. The present aim is to provide the engineer with enough information to enable him to design storage plants and flow channels for unobstructed flow. Only an outline of the theory of flow is given. While the design procedure remains essentially unchanged, important refinements have been introduced in the past three years.