Pathways have been identified in the brain for the emotion fear. These pathways are unique, involving neurotransmitters and nerve cells. These pathways normally lead us to respond to protect ourselves through flight or combat. But when these pathways are overwhelmed by intense trauma, the response can be to freeze, to dissociate or to deny reality. Hormones such as adrenaline are also pumped into the body.
Acid is released into the intestinal tract.
The result is an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, stomach distress, sleeplessness and toxicity. For most of us, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon carnage evokes deep sadness and pain, but these emotional and physical effects will not be lasting. For some, however, the pain uncovered is an echo of past trauma which until now has remained buried deeply within. For others, the overwhelming nature of this event was too much for fragile coping mechanisms. Although most of us will not need professional counseling beyond church, family and friends, some will need the services of trained professionals.