Check Embassy Warnings. The U.S. State Department foreign travel warnings on their web site. Pack the phone number and address for the American Embassy. If you're staying for more than 3 weeks, it's a good idea to register with the American Embassy just to leave record of your existence. Find out if there is an American hospital and pack the address and phone number.
Adventure often begets mishaps and accidents.
If the unthinkable happens, at least you'll know how to get treatment in your native tongue and by American standards. Dress like a local. When you're a tourist is not the time to try to draw attention to yourself. Remember that as an American traveling abroad, you have a reputation that precedes you. That reputation varies from culture to culture, but runs the gamut from harmless, culture-deprived bafoons to menacing imperialistic Satanists.