Germans gain against the Russian center, but both wings of the Teuton army thrown back. French evacuate Rum Kaleh, Dardanelles. British occupy Maidos, near the Narrows, and Ephesus, Smyrna. Triple Alliance treaty renounced by Italy. British battleship Goliath torpedoed and sunk by Turks in Dardanelles, five hundred lives being lost.
British submarine penetrates the Straits and sinks three Turkish ships.
Italy declares war on Austria. Italians invade Austria, occupying Caporetto, the heights between the Judrio and the Isonzo, and the towns of Cormions, Cervignano and Terzo. Italians north of Trieste capture several small towns. Italy declares blockade of Austria. Great Britain loses battleship Majestic in Dardanelles, forty-five lives being lost. . . . . . . . .