If the child is young or disabled and needs to be held, move in close so as to show only a hint of the caretaker. When possible, focus entirely upon the child by safely securing her in a chair, walker, or other supportive device. Relaxed, comfortable subjects look best and, fortunately, many children are natural performers. With a hesitant child, compliments can often bring out a beautiful smile. Other times, asking the child to make a favorite funny face, telling a supply of silly jokes, or acting foolish can break the ice.
Candid shots are often best.
Promote interesting expressions by providing props or starting an activity. A fun location such as a playground, amusement park, or zoo also helps. When the child makes a charming face, shoot quickly. If the moment passes before the shutter snaps, be patient and wait for another chance. When posing can't be avoided, ask the child to put a hand on his chin to catch a more relaxed look.