Anatomically, the superotemporal veins are most affected. Clinically, the patient presents with sudden visual field loss affecting the involved area. The prognosis for good vision depends on the extent of involvement, associated macular edema, and retinal vascular changes.
Diagnosis is usually by fundus exam and can be potentiated by fluorescein angiography.
Fundus exam shows superficial hemorrhages, retinal edema, and soft exudates as well as engorgement of the vein peripheral to the site of occlusion. Fluorescein angiography in the chronic phase shows presence of collaterals, microaneurysms and large areas of capillary loss, macular edema, occasional neovascularization , and serous detachment of the retina. This division is important because prophylactic PRP should be considered in ischemic CRVO if follow-up cannot be assured. Inc. All rights reserved. Please read our Disclaimer.