During the Civil War it was perfect for excavating fortifications, trenches, tunnels, approaches, and parallels, because no shoring was needed. Exposed areas are prone to severe erosion and can suffer extreme loss of soil which ultimately threatens roads, bridges, buildings, and monuments. Over sixty years later erosion continues to take a toll. It is still the most ominous threat to long term preservation of historic vistas and landscapes. The steep bluffs and rugged ravines compound problems as they create extreme difficulties for personnel and equipment.
Direct access is often limited and hampers efforts to maintain adequate watersheds.