However, this change in focus does not mean that the field is now dominated by rational ideas. For one, there are still some strongholds of materialism, especially among neuropsychologists who believe that consciousness is reducible to brain activity, and computer-science types who believe that consciousness can be explained by reducing it to computer programs and that computers can be intelligent. Second, most cognitive psychologists have wrong ideas about every fundamental issue in the field. Those who do believe in free will hold this view simply as a subjective opinion, not as an objective fact.
Confusions abound in the field.
The distinction between the perceptual and conceptual levels of awareness is poorly understood by psychologists. Although few psychologists understand what concepts actually are, they firmly believe that animals can grasp and use them. The concept of the subconscious is not well understood. A guide to the Study of Objectivism . The relationship between reason and emotion is generally not understood.