By the end of this section, you should be able to . . . Use the correct sign in the strain transformation equations with regard to . . . The definition of the angle . Counterclockwise is positive The definition of normal strain . Extension is positive.
Contraction is negative.
The definition of shearing strain . Use the strain transformation equations to obtain . . . Normal strains at any n -axis orientation. Shearing strains for any nt -orientation. Set up the deformation diagram required to develop the strain transformation equations.