An introduction and survey of connectionist natural language processing. An excellent introduction to the topics of Darwinian evolution. Ridley shows that social behavior, such as cooperation, trade, religion, is a consequence of evolution. Ridley sides with Dawkins in thinking that the gene is the unit of selection and in believing that genes are selfish. But Ridley shows that it is in their interest to form alliances.
Cooperation is a recurring theme at all levels of the biological world.
Ridley explains cooperation among organisms of different species by using game theory. Case-based reasoning is a form of analogical reasoning in which an episodic memory archives generalizations of all known cases and each new case spawns the search for a case that is similar. The new case is interpreted based on any similar cases and is used to furtherly refine the generalizations. Interpretation is expectation-driven, based on what happened in previous cases. Episodic memory contains examples of solutions, rather than solutions.