TNF also acts with NK and T-cell released gamma interferon to activate macrophages to kill. Other ILs have effect on lymphocytes. The inflammatory response or inflammation describes the local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and white blood cells that is initiated by physical injury, infection, or a local immune response. Upon normal conditions, neutrophils are restricted to the center of blood vessels. During inflammation, the goal is to attract neutrophils to the site of infection which is achieved by action on the neutophils and the endothelial cell which line the vessels.
Diapedesis is the actual crawling between the endothelial cells.
The search for effective antisepsis therapies to modulate response to endotoxin has proved elusive and provides much of the rationale for research in this area especially in the private sector. LPS, or more precisely, Lipid A. Purified Lipid A induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines by many cell types, induces activation of integrins on neutrophils and expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. Although purified LPS is sufficient to induce all of the responses observed during endotoxic shock, during natural infections, the source of LPS is shed LPS and whole bacteria. Release of LPS is one of the undesirable effects of antibiotic treatment and can even itself result in endotoxic shock. C. Interaction with cells 1.