Neap tides have lower highs and higher lows. Therefore, the range is less during neap tides. There are two springs and two neaps for every lunar cycle. Springs result when the sun and moon are aligned as with the full moon and new moon. Neaps result when the sun and moon are most out of alignment as with the half moon waxing and half moon waning.
Actual weather can have a dramatic impact on the tide.
High and low pressure systems can enhance or retard the tides and sometimes even eliminate a cycle. Sustained high winds can push water away from the shore line or push water toward the shore line. Tides can become extreme when pressure systems and wind combine their effects. Always be aware that your tide tables are only a guide. Believe what your senses are telling you.