Group II are known as the Alkaline earth metals and the group of elements between group II and III are known as the transition metals. Paramagnetism in the transition elements is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons in the d sub-orbital, and results in these elements being attracted by a magnetic field. The colour exhibited by the transition metal ions is due to their ability to absorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. This causes unpaired d electrons to rise from a lower to a higher energy state. Paramagnetism in the transition elements is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons in the d orbitals.
Diamagnetism is characteristic of compounds where all the electrons are paired in the d orbitals.
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