Chloride is an ion that usually passively follows the movement of positively charged ions. C. Muscle contraction involves both membrane regulation of salt concentration and the participation of calcium in the act of muscle fiber shortening and elongation. Irregular contractions of the heart, arrythmias are associated with altered salts Low serum Ca can upset muscular contractility. D. Structural integrity of tissues and bones depends primarily on calcium and phosphate The insoluble mineral of bone is primarily calcium and phosphate. Inadequate calcium compromises bone maintenance.
Calcium deficiency is a serious dietary problem among young and old alike.
Cell membranes require calcium and magnesium to cross-link their proteins and lipids to maintain stability. The interaction among cells to form tissues requires calcium. Lubricating fluids in joints and bone contain sulfate derivatives of complex carbohydrates. Synthesis of polymers of glycogen, lipids and proteins from their component parts is driven by high energy phosphorylated intermediates. F. Energy conservation and utilization 6.