Experts say that in its early stages, and before lung damage occurs, the disease can be reversed if the smoker kicks the habit. Later, the disease becomes irreversible, as healthy lung tissue is lost forever. The study investigates an association between lung function and a diet high in vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, and selenium. It's a very strong, large study, and the findings are very clear and consistent across the four major antioxidants we studied. But if you're a smoker, don't think Cassano's findings point toward a magic bullet.
Cigarette smoking is a principle risk factor for the disease.
We were looking at whether nutrition plays a role, specifically antioxidants. Each also was given a blood test to determine exact levels of the four vitamins. They also found the protective effect was different depending on the smoking status and varied with different antioxidants. Beta carotene had a less protective effect for smokers. And the more they smoked, the less protected they are.