For example, withholding taxes on royalty remittances abroad are used to monitor coverage of the associated services. Administrative sources, such as detailed air transport statistics for each domestic and foreign airline's passenger and cargo traffic into and out of Australia, by route, are used to monitor the coverage and quality of reporting in transportation surveys. The data are also confronted within the context of an investment income matrix of instrument by sector income flows for the entire economy. Withholding tax receipts are monitored against the underlying cross-border transactions on which they are levied, and anomalies adjusted where necessary. Coverage and valuation for the acquisition less disposal of intangible assets is monitored against the information from resident counterparts making and receiving royalties for the use of such assets.
Data are also routinely compared with company reports.
Repos are treated as transactions in securities, in accordance with the underlying change in ownership of the securities being repoed. This is based on the X-11 seasonal adjustment technique developed by the US Bureau of the Census. The general method is briefly described in the ABS publication Seasonally Adjusted Indicators, Cat. 1308.0, which was last published in 1983. A short description of the concepts underlying seasonal adjustment and other aspects of time series analysis can be found in the ABS Information Paper Time Series Decomposition - an Overview, ABS Catalogue No.