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Chemotherapy given directly into the bladder is called intravesical chemotherapy .
The most commonly used drugs in this situation are mitomycin-C and epirubicin . Giving chemotherapy in this way puts the drugs in direct contact with the cancer cells in the lining of the bladder. It also reduces any side effects, as very little gets into the bloodstream to affect the rest of the body. The drugs may be given once, or as a course of weekly insertions for about six weeks. This is done so that they can circulate in the bloodstream and reach the cancer cells anywhere in the body.