The liver is a complex organ with several major activities, including synthesis of proteins, such as albumin and the proteins necessary for normal blood clotting, and the removal of potential toxins, such as bilirubin and numerous drugs. In addition, measurement of certain proteins released into the circulation by injured liver cells or bile duct cells can be used to identify or monitor liver injury. Tests of Synthetic Function Serum Albumin. Albumin is the major blood protein made by the liver. It is important for maintaining normal blood volume.
Albumin is also important in the blood transport of many drugs, hormones, and other chemicals.
Blood Clotting Studies. Most of the proteins necessary for normal blood clotting are produced by the liver. With decreased liver function, the production of these proteins decreases and bleeding may occur. The results of blood clotting studies are usually expressed in terms of seconds, or how long it takes the blood to clot under certain conditions. In this case, a normal value is close to 1.0.