William s army outnumbered James s by 10,000. James was defeated and the result marked the beginning of Protestant rule of Catholics in Ireland. Under these laws Roman Catholics could not purchase land and if a Catholic landowner died, he had to split his estate equally among his sons. Catholics could not own a horse worth more than five pounds, or carry arms. They could not sit in Parliament, vote in parliamentary elections, serve on a jury, hold a government office, or become a lawyer or army officer.
Catholics also couldn t teach or send their children abroad for schooling.
The Orange Institute or Orange Society began as a secret society whose goal was to maintain dominant Protestant presence in Ireland. It was named after William III who was also known as William of Orange. July 12, First parade to commemorate The Battle of the Boyne 1800 Act of Union passed The Act of Union dissolved the Irish Parliament and Ireland was ruled under the English Parliament. Ireland was granted 32 members in the English House of Lords and 100 members in the House of Commons. This act was obviously opposed by Catholic, but they were unable to vote under the Penal Laws.