To make it easy for human beings like you and me to figure out where things are going, most IP addresses also have a unique domain address. The domain names are translated into IP addresses by servers called Domain Name Servers.
Clients can even request specific file in that specific directory.
The file name is usually the last piece of gobbledy-gook after all those slashes. So when you type a URL into the location bar of your Netscape browser and hit the return key, the protocol part of the URL tells the servers on the internet what kind of request you are sending, the domain part tells all the servers along the line where to rout the request. Depending on how overworked the server is, how good your connection is, and how fast your computer is, you'll get the page.