They range from shallow on the sandstone and shale ridges to very deep in the valleys and on large limestone formations. The dominant soils on the ridges and sideslopes that extend in a southwest-northeast direction are Aragon, Consauga, Cunningham, Decatur, Dewey, Fullerton, Montevallo, Tidings, and Townley series. Allen, Etowah, and Holston series occur on foot slopes and terraces. Dominant soils on stream terraces are Rome, Tupelo, Whitwell, and Wolftever series. The area is characterized by hilly to steep ridges with broad valleys.
Agricultural production is mainly in the valleys.
Although the soils are inherently acid and infertile, they are capable of producing high yields when adequately limed and fertilized. About 60 percent of this area is in woodland and 30 percent is in cropland and pastureland. Principal row crops are corn, soybeans, and grain sorghum. Hay and pasture grasses are well suited to this area.