Use clear, open-ended questions to encourage more complete histories. Depending on the patient, the clinician may also want to seek information about drug use and sexual activity under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. Drugs such as alcohol, cocaine, barbituates, or amphetamines impair judgement, can promote unsafe sexual behaviors, and have been associated with increased risks of STDs. Once risks have been identified, the primary care provider is in an excellent position to talk with the patient about risk reduction. The sexual history provides an opportunity for education and can lead to discussion about risk reduction.
Counseling involves greater interaction with the patient.
It helps patients to recognize their risks for STDs and assists them in developing a plan to reduce those risks. Techniques such as role playing and interactive discussions facilitate the counseling approach. The prevention message should be tailored to the individual patient's specific risks. Barrier Methods Consistent and appropriate use of latex condoms reduces the risk of many STDs and HIV infection. Immunization HBV is the only STD for which an effective vaccine exists.