Be familiar with other examples may be given in class. Remember that this is a basic assumption - not necessarily, as the text and lectures point out, what actually happens. Higher levels of reinforcement lead to higher likelihood of that behavior.
Differential behavior is due to different schedules.
These patterns tend to lead to maximal outcomes. It also means that these actions tend to yield the highest outcome in the long run on average. BUT sometimes irrational actions can yield high outcomes. This DOES NOT make them rationale. This makes them lucky.