Most of the damage is done when they are in the larval stage.
Borers attack urban and rural forest trees, causing wood defects and weakening the tree.
Dead tree, dead top of tree, dead limbs or branches, or branches that lack vigor. Sawdust at the entrance of exit holes, or on the ground beneath. Adult boring insects deposit their eggs beneath the bark by piercing or chewing through it. Once hatched, the larvae feed by tunneling through young shoots, branches, trunks, or roots. They kill trees, both old trees and young trees.