Each group lives in specific districts and has its own religion, language, and dress. Political instability in the southern Philippines in the early 1970's brought many refugees to the state. Large numbers of Indonesian and Filipino workers entered the state in search of employment. They make up a considerable proportion of the population. The mining and timber industries form the basis of Sabah's economy.
Agriculture is of less importance, and manufacturing is still relatively unimportant.
Sabah is one of the most important producers of petroleum and natural gas in Malaysia. The state operates the largest copper mine in the country. The state is rich in timber resources and produces logs, plywood, lumber, and veneer. The agricultural products in Sabah are cocoa, palm oil, and rubber. The main industrial products include iron, methanol, and consumer goods.