No man may be charged, arrested or detained except in those cases defined by the law, and in the manner prescribed by it. The law may establish only strictly and evidently necessary punishments. Nobody may be punished except by virtue of a law established and promulgated prior to the crime and which has been legally applied. Since any man is presumed innocent until he be found guilty, if his arrest is deemed to be indispensable, any rigour which is not necessary in order to detain him will be severely punished by the law. Nobody shall be troubled because of his opinions, even religious, provided the expression of them does not disturb public order as this is defined by the law.
All public officers are accountable to society for their administration.
Any society in which rights are not guaranteed, or in which the separation of powers is not defined, has no constitution. Since property is an inviolable and sacred right, nobody may be deprived of it, except when public necessity, legally established, clearly requires it, and on condition a just compensation be paid in advance.