These pests can be controlled using netting as a fence in the field to keep away pest. For effective control ensure the spray has good coverage of the pest. For orchids planted in pots, pots are to be soaked in this mixture.
Baits metaldehyde can also be use to control snails and slugs.
Crown rot symptoms is characterized by purplish black discoloration of the basal portion of the crown or apical leaves. Infection starts from the root which later becomes discoloured and shrivelled. Infection then spread to leaves and stems killing the plant eventually. A good aeration in the nursery is essential and plants are not to be stack closely. Reduce watering when temperature is low especially when disease is expected to occur.