Historically, this plant was found in wet prairies, marshes, and along the shores of some rivers and lakes. Decurrent false aster favors recently disturbed areas and flooding may play a role in maintaining its habitat. Current habitats include riverbanks, old fields, roadsides, mudflats and lake shores. Decurrent false aster prefers a moist habitat but can tolerate drought. In Missouri, decurrent false aster distribution is restricted to the Mississippi River floodplain from the Illinois River southward.
Current populations are fewer and more isolated than in historical times.
Former distribution of this plant included Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis, and Cape Girardeau counties. Presently it is only known to occur in St. Charles County. Cause of Historic Decline Decurrent false aster is a weedy species restricted to the eastern floodplains of Missouri. Aster populations declined as floodplain wetlands were converted to agricultural lands. Pesticide use may have also added to population declines.