It helps to metabolize fats, promotes growth, and regulates the production of energy. It is absorbed in the intestinal tract and is transported through the bloodstream to the thyroid were it becomes iodized and converted into thyroxin. Iodine is essential for absorption of carbohydrates, hair, mental health, nails, proper balance of cholesterol, proper metabolism, skin, speech, teeth, the conversion of carotene to vitamin A, and the synthesis of protein by ribosome's. In newborns, cretinism - delayed growth and swollen features. Other deficiency's include goiter - enlarged thyroid gland, may lead to slow mental reactions, dry hair, hardening of arteries, obesity, lethargy, intolerance to cold, and during pregnancy and infancy can produce mental and physical retardation.
Deficiencies are rare and effects can be reversed with supplements.
Fibrocystic disease of the breast is linked to iodine deficiency. Large doses can cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, asthma, anaphylactic shock, 2-4 g has been fatal. Abdominal pain, burning sensation in the mouth or throat, diarrhea, fever, headache, increased salivation, metallic taste, nausea, numb extremities, swollen salivary glands, skin rash, sore teeth or gums, weakness. Consult your health care professional if you are pregnant or nursing.