Good nutrition is essential during pregnancy. Poor eating habits can cause problems, including birth defects. 1 A balanced diet which avoids excessive intake of salt, sugar, and fat is recommended. At least 64 ounces of water daily is recommended to help avoid bloating and pre-eclampsia related swelling. Two substances which should be avoided during pregnancy due to the damage they can cause to the fetus are alcohol 2 and cigarette smoke.
Caffeine can also cause low birth weight.
4 Intake should be limited to no more than one cup of coffee per day. Regular exercise can help improve circulation and make labor and delivery easier. No new exercise programs should be begun during pregnancy without consulting a health care provider. Post-partum care is equally important. In the first weeks after birth especially, rest and adequate nutrition can greatly ease the body's transition from pregnancy.