Irritation of the gastrointestinal tract can occur with erosion of the lining of the stomach causing nausea and vomiting . Vitamins are not absorbed properly, which can lead to nutritional deficiencies with the long-term use of alcohol. Liver disease , called hepatic cirrhosis , may also develop. The cardiovascular system may be affected by cardiomyopathy . Sexual dysfunction can also occur, causing erectile dysfunction in men and cessation of menses in women.
Alcohol affects the nervous system and can result in neuropathy and dementia.
Chronic alcohol use also increases the risk of cancer of the larynx, esophagus, liver, and colon. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause problems in the developing fetus known as fetal alcohol syndrome, which may result in mental retardation of the child. The social consequences of problem drinking and alcohol dependence can be as serious as the medical problems. People who abuse alcohol have a higher incidence of unemployment, domestic violence, and difficulty with the law. About half of all traffic fatalities are related to alcohol use.