The agroforestry systems practiced in eastern hills of Nepal including the major components of the systems, their uses and interaction are described. Salle village represents an example of low productivity agriculture surrounded by rapid environmental degradation as a result of deforestation. Results indicated strong interaction among the components i.e. crops, trees and livestock.
Crops are the main components followed by livestock and trees.
On the other hand, new tree species such as Pinus wallichiana, Quercus glauca, Castanopsis hystrix and Juglans regia have been introduced. However, these species are not suitable to fulfill the village fodder requirement. The substantial role of gender with particular reference to women in agroforestry systems of mid hills are highlighted. The study showed that women make important decisions and contribute their labor in household, farm, livestock and forestry activities. The degree of their involvement, however, vary among socioeconomic groups.