This creates an approximately dry adiabatic lapse rate in the boundary layer, which drives turbulent heat and moisture fluxes from the lake surface to the boundary layer. The resulting temperature gradient between modified air over the lake and the neighboring land surface initiates a local land-breeze circulation, which is important in organizing convergence and subsequent convection. Wind speed Sufficient wind speed is necessary to advect arctic air over the lake, and transport sufficient amounts of warm, moist air to the shore. Increased wind speed also increases turbulent fluxes, which enhances vertical mixing, and allows the lake to modify the air above more rapidly. Wind speed also determines the organization of convergence zones, and the subsequent location and intensity of lake-induced convection.
Direction also helps determine the fetch .
This fetch must typically be at least 80 km to ensure that enough heat and moisture fluxes into the boundary layer to initiate significant convection. Stability Static stability affects the depth through which mixing and convection will occur. Deeper mixing allows deeper, more intense convection. Subsidence inversions almost always coexist with cold anticyclones. Stability also plays a role in determining cloud band structure.