Moreover, the aforesaid utilitarian subjects have ends other than utilitarian. First comes gymnastic, which is apt to be mistakenly conducted on brutalising lines. Brutality does not imply valour. Moreover, only harmonies which have an ethical character should be admitted into education. There remain the varieties of oligarchy and democracy, which are many, and tyranny.
All variations are due to the differences of the parties or classes in the state.
The former involves the domination of a poor majority over a rich minority, the latter of a rich minority over a poor majority. The personnel of these divisions may overlap. In theory, the root principle of democracy is equality. This last cannot be recognized as a constitutional form of government at all. In democracies, for the most part, practical considerations limit the candidature though not eligibility for office.