This is perhaps most obvious in cases where the prisoner was convicted of offence of violence to one of his or her own family members. A number of country papers recognised that these issues will need to be addressed by all family members prior to the person's release. New Zealand places special emphasis on the need for Maori people to be involved in the provision of culturally appropriate programs and support - and for the needs of the whole family to be addressed. Similar policies are well established in Canada and are starting to be developed in Australia. The papers and conference discussion revealed that offenders are increasingly involved in work in the community.
Community work can sometimes be a condition of a non-custodial sentence.
It can also be undertaken in the course of a sentence of imprisonment. There are numerous examples of this. A number of Australian states have introduced work camps where prisoners stay and take part in activities such as tree planting and landscaping. Sri Lanka also has work camps. Fiji is intending to expand its programs for the early release of prisoners on condition that they undertake community work.