They found that the genetic mutation made them especially vulnerable to a particularly severe form of the disease known as cerebral malaria. Malaria affects up to 300 million people a year, and causes two million deaths. It is especially common in many African and Asian countries. The disease is caused by a parasite carried by mosquitoes, passed on through the mosquito's saliva when it bites a human being. There are several different types of malaria.
Cerebral malaria occurs when the malaria parasite infects the brain.
It can kill within 24 hours and is responsible for about half of all deaths caused by the disease. The gene mutation discovered by the researchers produces a mutation of a protein known as CD36. The scientists, from the Medical Research Council's Sciences Centre at Hammersmith, had expected the CD36 mutation to protect people from developing malaria because the malarial parasite needs CD36 to perform some of its actions. The scientists said the reason that CD36 mutations were quite common among Africans was that it might protect people against other diseases. They hope their work will help to develop a vaccine against malaria.