Since networks utilize the basic arc-node structure, by definition, due to the way the data is stored, the vector network will already have a topological structure, relating all elements. All that is needed, simply speaking, is to implement the resistance factors in the attribute tables for the lines or nodes. Directions are an explicit part of the vector network topology. If the directions are derived from digitising a road map, or received as a ready coded network form a data supplier, they may not correspond with the real-world directions and need to be checked. Consequently, the representation of network elements requires substantial amount of time to be devoted to data preparation and validation.
Arcs usually describe the centreline of a network feature, such as a road centreline.
Arcs and nodes are discretely referenced by coordinates. Also lines that cross, but not intersect, can be directly implemented in the vector model, much like in the real world, where we have overpasses and underpasses . Stops can be delivery or pick-up points along a route, centers are used for allocating services and investigating catchment areas, turns arte used in determining direction and flow within the network. The characteristics of any system being modeled in a network must be abstracted into a form that may be represented by one of these elements. This is based on that it is possible to represent the network as a matrix.