In the earlier example of a PointMaker creating a Point , the PointMaker at that moment has exclusive access to the new Point . Connectivity by Endowment . In essence, Bob is born holding a reference to Carol. Refering again to the PointMaker example, the PointMaker , with access to x as a parameter, creates a new Point that has access to x as part of its initial endowment. Connectivity by Initial Conditions .
Capabilities explain how connectivity in an already connected system evolves over time.
For any system of objects to which we apply this analysis, there is some earliest state of the system that is our starting point. Bob and Carol may both already exist and already be connected in this earliest state. Without this case, one cannot bootstrap the others. Languages that satisfy this constraint are sometimes called memory-safe languages. Object systems with garbage collection depend on this property to enable garbage collection to be semantically transparent.