4.urobilinogen- mostly excreted in feces, some finds way into blood and excreted by urine 3. N.B. cholestasis is a general term which is applied to any situation in which there is an abnormality in the excretory pathway of bile 2. 3. comparison of different types of hepatitis HAV HBV HCV HDV HEV mode of transmission fecal oral sexual contact, blood to blood, perinatal sexual contact, blood to blood, perinatal can cause infection only in the presence of HBV, transmitted similar to HBV fecal oral infectiousness two weeks before onset of illness, not infectious after first week of jaundice before symptoms appear and for 4 -6 months after acute illness. May be chronic carriers who are always infectious to others . 1-2 weeks before symptoms appear, throughout clinical course.
Ammonia can cross blood brain barrier.
Leads to hepatic encephalopathy 2. HBV vaccine is mandatory for health care workers and beginning for all people born in the last few years. Hepatitis C is a major health concern. About 10,000 people die of the disease each year and the numbers are increasing. It is expected that in the next 10 years the death rate from HCV will triple.