Manual processing systems usually use batch processing. The general journal is an example of a manual tx file. Batch processing leaves a clear audit trail. Batch processing allows easier disaster recovery. Processing takes place during peak computer use periods.
Audit trail is more difficult to establish.
A mirrored site is needed for disaster recovery. Student details These files will have to be linked. Tree and network structures belong in the Ark. Relational database structure is the most popular structure to use now. They use more disk space but are much more flexible.