China is a main party of World War II, and also a big victim of the War.
During the War, it lost numerous cultural properties, including many important and valuable national treasures. Most of them were destroyed or looted by Japanese Army, while others were displaced by various ways, such as illegal excavation, unwillingly presentation, etc. In 1945, in order to recover the displaced cultural properties, the then Ministry of Education in China established a commission to investigate the damage of cultural properties during the War . According to the investigation by the commission, there were 3,607,074 rare books, calligraphy works, paintings and other antiques looted by Japanese army. This statistics was far from complete, since it was mainly from the registration of some public libraries, museums or other official organs.