Since the amount of water and the rise in temperature are known, the amount of heat produced can be calculated as the heat of reaction or combustion. The latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat absorbed on vaporization at boiling temperature. For water this value is 539.6 calories per gram. The latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat required to change a crystal into a liquid at the melting point. For water this value is 79.7 calories per gram.
All matter increases in volume when there is an increase in temperature.
In the case of gases the increase is a large one. If the pressure and the weight of gas remain the same, the increase in volume will be in direct proportion to the increase in temperature. The application of heat to a solid causes it to expand also but to a much smaller degree than a gas. In a metal rod every unit length of the rod becomes longer when it expands. The increase in length for each unit of length per degree rise in temperature is called the coefficient of linear expansion.