It is divided, as a consequence of its geology, into the Highlands of the north, the Central Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. Resources, such as iron and coal, occur in the central area. As a result, most of the population of over 5 million live here. Presently developed natural resources, gas and oil, lie offshore to the north-east in the North Sea. Reserves also occur offshore to the north and north-west.
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