When one examines employment opportunities, a strange paradox emerges. Even university education isn't a guarantee of mobility. One in six black persons with a university degree was poor in 1991. While seven percent of all Canadians with bachelor's degrees were poor, the statistic for blacks is 17 percent - the same as Canadians without a university degree. One reason for these statistics must be systemic racism.
Blacks are less likely to be self-employed or supported by investments.
These rates are appalling. They cry out for remedial action from all levels of government and religious institutions, but also from the African-Canadian communities themselves. This is easier said than done in a country that has difficulty finding a consensus on anything. Torczyner, Boxhill, James, and Mulder have made a remarkable stride in that direction. That's not to say the report is perfect.