This is not a long-term solution as fossil fuels are exhaustible and we live with the resulting consequences of air and water pollution. Unfortunately, these efforts alone cannot improve air quality levels or reduce global warming. We need to focus on every renewable energy resource possible. Hydropower is the most plentiful, efficient, and effective means of addressing problems such as global warming and air pollution. Growing populations need more food, protection from the ravages of flood, energy for fuel, and a healthy environment.
Dams are an important part of the long-term solution.
In addition to providing flood control, irrigation, navigation, recreation, and water supply, dams produce hydroelectricity, the most plentiful and efficient renewable energy resource. Hydropower production worldwide contributes significantly to reducing the problems of global warming and air pollution. Currently, about 20 percent of the world's electric generation is produced by hydropower. Table 2 illustrates the amount of pollutants that would be generated if coal, oil, or natural gas were used to produce the same amount of energy as a hydropower dam. We are embarking on a new century with daunting challenges.