The effect of carbon dioxide on the central chemoreceptors. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the cerebrospinal fluid in the fourth ventricle. Here, carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions. The hydrogen ions generated from the carbon dioxide that stimulate the central chemoreceptors. Only when PO2 of arterial blood becomes lower than 60 mmHg.
Carbon dioxide decreases because it is blown off.
Carbon dioxide increases because it is not blown off. Learned responses, Neural input from the motor cortex, Receptors in muscles and joints, Increased body temperature, Circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine and pH changes due to lactic acid. The basic rhythm of breathing is set by the inspiratory center, located in the medulla. Other respiratory centers, located in the medulla and pons, also control breathing. Chemoreceptors monitor the PCO2, pH, and PO2 of arterial blood and alter the basic rhythm of breathing.