All parts produce burning and irritation to tongue and mouth. Swollen tongue may block throat death can occur. Produces hyper sensitivity, hallucinations and melancholia for several hours. Contains strychnine and brucine. All parts except berry produce vomiting and digestive distress.
All parts produce convulsions.
Contains strychnine and brucine. Excites nervous system, causes spasms followed by deep sleep. Leaves stimulate the heart. Produces incapacitation through vomiting and purgation. Contains strophanthin and incine.