Matapeake and Meadowville soils have rock fragments of quartz pebbles and contain mica. Murrill soils have sola more than 60 inches thick. Whiteford soils have rock fragments of slate. Rayne soils are on ridge tops and hillsides with slope gradients of 0 to 60 percent, but commonly 3 to 15 percent. The soils have formed in a regolith weathered from interbedded shale, siltstone and some fine grained sandstone.
Climate is continental with cool winters and warm summers.
Mean annual temperatures range from 45 to 57 degrees F., and mean annual rainfall ranges from 35 to 45 inches. These include the Berks , Cavode , Dekalb , Muskingum , and Wharton soils. The Berks, Dekalb, and Muskingum soils do not have argillic horizons. Cavode soils have more than 35 percent clay. Wharton soils have low chroma mottles in the upper 24 inches of the argillic horizon.