The codon for the unusual amino acid is changed to UAG in the gene. Addition of the mutagenised gene with the aminoacylated tRNA to E Coli generates a mutant protein with the unnatural amino acid at the desired position. The active site of the enzyme therefore shows a high degree of complementarity to the chemical structure of the transition state. Chemicals which are good analogues of the transition state are powerful enzyme inhibitors. If we can raise an antibody to recognise a transition state analogue, it is possible that the antibody will catalyse the corresponding reaction.
Catalytic antibodies are poor catalysts by comparison with their counterparts in nature.
The principal attraction of catalytic antibodies in protein engineering is that a biological catalyst can be produced that has no counterpart in nature. Contents Lecture 4 - Protein Aggregation Proteins usually studied where folding is reversible. However, under many conditions in vitro and in vivo, aggregation results in loss of native protein. Aggregation of folding intermediates Protein often cannot be recovered from inclusion bodies. Pro. Pro has fewer conformations in the unfolded state so it has a lower entropy in the unfolded state.