Older facilities usually do not include many of the efficiencies, conveniences, low maintenance, and safety features designed and built into more modern livestock facilities. Additional problems may occur when old buildings have been altered to function in ways that were not included in the design of the original structures. Hazards that may exist in older structures or structures that have been altered are discussed below. Tripping hazards are encountered at high door sills, in narrow or cluttered alleyways, and on uneven walking surfaces. A recent U.S. study found that falls accounted for 18 percent of all animal-related accidents.
Concrete floors are best for livestock.
Floor, ramp, and step finishes should be roughened to prevent slips under wet conditions. High traffic areas, such as alleyways, should be grooved. Floors should be constructed to allow water to drain quickly. Slatted floors are used to keep animals dry in a confinement system. Fencing and gates should be strong and durable enough to contain crowded livestock.