Patients with urothelial papilloma have a low incidence of recurrence and rarely, if ever, develop urothelial carcinoma. Copyright 1999 American Cancer Society. Ex-smokers presented at a later age than individuals who continued to smoke. Multivariate analyses revealed diminished recurrence free survival among continued smokers versus quitters or ex-smokers. Univariate analyses revealed diminished adverse event free survival among continued smokers versus quitters or ex-smokers.
Continued smokers experience worse disease-associated outcomes than patients who quit smoking.
Copyright 1999 American Cancer Society. AB - Diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer present a difficult clinical problem. Urine cytology with confirmatory cystoscopy form the cornerstone of diagnosis at the present time. The subjectivity and low sensitivity of cytology led to the development of numerous tests as adjuncts to cystoscopy for the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer patients. We review the different, new urine-based tests that were developed recently for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with bladder cancer.