However, Gaffen et al . find that, for 1960 to 1997, the less stable days had the greater decrease of lapse rate. Resolution of this question requires both improved data and models that can fully simulate these inversions. Controlling influences on air temperatures over the tropical oceans . In regions colored blue, heat inputs are mainly convective. In regions colored red, they are mainly radiative.
Convection dominates throughout the troposphere in the intertropical convergence zone.
In contrast to Gaffen et al . This would improve on the method of Parker et al. Hurrell et al . Transport of heat by tropospheric winds ensures that variations of tropospheric temperature over continents and oceans are of similar strength. In contrast, if the winter atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere is stronger than usual, the inversions over the continents are weaker, and the continental surface can be much more anomalously warm than can occur over the oceans, where the high thermal capacity strongly damps any changes.