After blooming, the plant appears as an unassuming foliage plant with larger leaves and a height of about twelve inches. The roots of Sanguinaria canadensis , harvested in summer or fall, were traditionally used by Native Americans to treat fevers and rheumatism and to induce vomiting. The Plains Indians used it to treat tumors and growths on the skin. It should not be taken during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and professional supervision is mandatory. Growing to three feet, it also produces intensely blue berries.
Blue cohosh grows wild throughout eastern North America, preferring moist soil and partial shade.
The common name of papoose root denotes blue cohosh's use as an early form of contraception. Squaw root refers to its benefits for women as a uterine stimulant, regulating menstruation and speeding the labor process. The roots and rhizomes of Caulophyllum thalictroides are harvested in fall. Professional supervision is recommended. Blue cohosh is part of the Berberidaceae family, while black cohosh belongs to the Ranunculaceae family.