This layer tends to degrade on the surface, giving it a flaky appearance. When adherent to L3, it cannot be seen. Cylindrical to slightly flared, occasionally recurved slightly. In some spores, the hyphal wall is so fragile that it breaks from the spore and cannot be seen.
Branch hyphae from the main trunk of the arbuscule narrow incrementally to numerous fine tips.
Intraradical hyphae of a mycorrhiza also stain darkly in trypan blue. Vesicle development is sporadic and patchy, rarely abundant in any particular infection unit. This fungus is not known outside sandy habitats of the Great Lakes region. Dalpe et al. We agree with that assessment.