The reason DNA and RNA are called Nucleic Acids is that they are acidic at pH7. The 5 carbon sugar deoxyribose 2. A phosphate group 3. One of four bases. The 4 bases are not present in equal amounts.
Amounts are different for each species.
Beans have 30 times more DNA than you do. There is a proofreading function to correct mistakes. Replication is semiconservative . 1 old and 1 new strand in each. G cytosine C RNA is usually single stranded.