The philosopher Karl Popper suggested that it is impossible to prove a scientific theory true by means of induction , because no amount of evidence assures us that contrary evidence will not be found. Instead, Karl Popper proposed that proper science is accomplished by deduction .
Deduction involves the process of falsification .
Falsification is a particular specialized aspect of hypothesis testing . It involves stating some output from theory in specific and finding contrary cases among experiments or observations. The methodology proposed by Popper is commonly known as the hypothetico-deductive method . Popper's version of scientific method first begins with postulation of a hypothesis . A hypothesis is an educated guess or a theory that explains some phenomenon.