Civilian aircraft do not need to be 'stealthy,' now a major military capability, but fuel-efficient, a lesser criterion for military planners. Teams have developed productive divisions of labor. Laboratories have been equipped with advanced installations. The market is a powerful instrument in making these selections in the interests of the users and consumers of such technologies. Scientists are often called upon to contribute to the formulation of such criteria and to assist in the selection of technology that has to be made by societies, especially when it comes to future needs and possibilities.
Conversion provides an additional opportunity for scientists to exercise that role.
Of course, scientists are also important in the conduct of conversion. Some, such as environmental experts, industrial engineers and economists are already engaged in practical conversion work. A larger contribution from science, including social science and management science, would improve the efficiency of practical work. They can contribute to the improvement of a comprehensive concept of conversion and advise on the feasibility of operational strategies. Of course, it is not just a question of the scientists getting their act together, but also a challenge for scientists to open up towards a dialogue with all other possible stakeholders.