Hay fever may be difficult to distinguish from a viral cold in the beginning, but colds don't cause itching, usually don't last more than a week, and allergies usually don't cause a sore throat. These irritants are called allergens. Allergies to animals, smoke, perfume, etc., are usually year-round.
Allergies tend to be hereditary.
Complications Occasionally, hay fever may lead to chronic sinus congestion and secondary bacterial infection. Sinusitis causes persistent pressure and pain in the area above, below, and between the eyes, as well as colored, bad-tasting drainage from the nose and down the back of the throat. This usually requires antibiotics and a physician should be consulted. Ears may also become involved if the eustachian tube remains blocked. This causes decreased hearing, popping noises and, especially in children, may lead to ear infections.