This procedure uses a thin needle to draw out cerebrospinal fluid, the clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The fluid is sent to the lab for examination. Bacteria can often be cultured or grown in the lab from a sample of the fluid. This shows which germ is causing the infection. Chemical signs of the bacteria, called an antigen, can be helpful in cases in which the culture does not work.
Bacterial meningitis can sometimes be fatal.
Bacterial meningitis is contagious. It can be transmitted to others through saliva or nasal secretions. The infection can be spread by kissing, as well as by sharing drinks, lip balm, lipstick, or cigarettes. Antibiotics may cause stomach upset, rash , or allergic reactions . Corticosteroids can increase a person's risk of infection.