High polarization increases the likelihood of imperfections in the deposited layer. What percentage of the cylinder sufrace is immersed in electrolyte at any point of time- active surface. More current can be conducted through larger surface. Larger immersion factor- requires a larger anode. Cathodic current density- of interest.
Current density is given by electric field at cathode.
Electric field is denser at uneven areas- cylinder ends, closures around cathode surface. Increased roughness of deposit. Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen. Voltage limits- maintained by increase of T of electrolyte, adjusting concentrations of electrolyte. The closer the distance, the lower the resistance.