Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, usually comes on gradually over a period of 3 to 4 weeks. Symptoms include malaise and tiredness, fever and loss of appetite and colour. Bruising may occur with the slightest of bumps and bleeding also can be a feature of the disease, together with bone, joint and abdominal pain. Small pinpoint skin hemorrhages may be present. Childhood glandular fever and other viral conditions may be confused with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Diagnosis is confirmed by examining the blood and bone marrow.
CT scanning used to determine spread of the leukemia cell to other organs where they multiply and destroy the normal function of that particular organ. Treatment can include chemotherapy, the use of corticosteroids, radiation therapy, intensive antibiotic therapy for recurring infections, bone marrow transplants and blood transfusions. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a male child occurring before the age of 2 years or after the age of 10 years, appears to need more intensive treatment but the cure rate in children over recent years has improved tremendously. The reason for this is thought to be due to more efficient diagnosis and treatment. There is no evidence of an increase in birth defects among children born to parents previously treated for leukemia.