There has been relatively little research done on the effect of soil compaction on the yield of processing vegetable crops. Compaction can reduce yield by reducing the quality, weight and size of the fruit. It can delay plant development and maturity, reduce plant stand, height and seedling emergence. Subsoil compaction can reduce yields by delaying planting and other field operations. The reduction in crop yield and quality due to soil compaction is an economic cost to growers and processors.
Compaction also increases input costs.
Research has shown that the effects of subsoil compaction persist for some time even in years with heavy frost. The alleviation of subsoil compaction may result from the growth of plant roots or the action of earthworms. Subsoiling, as examined by research, has shown mixed results, with in-row subsoiling showing the greatest benefits. The placement of fertilizer to compensate for compaction-reduced yield reductions has benefits and is receiving attention. Further research is needed to better understand the nature of soil under compression, the mechanics of plant growth under compacted soil conditions, and the process of compaction alleviation.