Access management is a complicated concept that can be difficult to understand. Even grizzled transportation engineers have a hard time defining it. The concept offers a wide range of options - everything from adding deceleration lanes and closing median crossovers to building frontage or access roads. The way access management differs from TSM is that VDOT doesn't have control over it. All of those techniques also are included in the definition of access management.
Access management is applicable in many different ways.
It's things that could be done more quickly and at less cost to the existing roadway. But Bullock couldn't immediately explain details of the TSM alternative. She said it's true that VDOT has devoted more time to studying the impact of I-73. You've got to see where a new interstate would be built. That is the option that the least is known about.