This group is not included in the survey population. However, we can often be at a loss as to how to accomplish this. In their book, Reclaiming Youth at Risk , authors Brendtro, Brokenleg, and Van Bockern share a model of youth empowerment called The Circle of Courage . Significance is fostered through a community that acknowledges our universal need for belonging. This means I am a welcomed member of my community, I am valuable and worthwhile, and I have gifts and talents to share.
Competence is achieved by guaranteed opportunities for mastery.
Children are taught to see someone with more skill not as a rival, but as a model for learning. This means I can achieve my goals, I have the ability and support to understand my world, and my competence in achieving personal goals is recognized and encouraged. Power is nurtured by a rich respect for each individual's independence. In comparison to early European and western models of discipline focusing on obedience , teaching in the Native community is engineered to build respect and teach inner control. From earliest years, children make decisions, solve their own problems, and are encouraged to take personal responsibility.