Some are earthen basins and can appear to be a treatment lagoon. Others are above-ground tanks that look like silos. Earthen Storage Basins Earthen basins are earth-walled structures that are partially above or below grade that are designed and constructed to prevent ground water contamination. They can provide 3 to 12 months of storage at a low to moderate investment. Depending on soil type and unloading methods, a clay or concrete liner may be required.
Common materials used for basin liners are clay-type soils, geosynthetic plastic, or concrete.
If the soil near the basin is too porous then clay soil can be obtained from another site. Proper installation and maintenance is required to seal the basin regardless of the type of liner used. Provide a concrete pad and ramp at each agitation and pumping location to protect the basin seal during unloading. A contractor experienced in basin construction is required for the installation of all basin liners. Check with your NRCS office or hire a qualified professional engineer for help in evaluating site suitability, dike construction, bottom sealing, and basin wall side slopes.