Iowa was landscaped during the Ice Age by four massive glaciers that smoothed out some of the hills and left perhaps the most fertile soil in the world. Farms take up about 90 percent of the gently rolling land that produces more corn and beans than any other state, as well as many other crops. Iowa is also the leading manufacturer of farm and road construction machinery. Iowa became a part of the United States in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase and the twenty-ninth state in 1846. The state's nickname, the Hawkeye State, is said to honor Chief Black Hawk who led the Sauk and Fox tribes during the Black Hawk War of 1832.
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