Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2005-0535-0006
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2007-05-09T04:00Z

UNITED STAES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

OFFICE OF

 PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

MEMORANDUM

DATE:  	07/MARCH/2007  

SUBJECT:	Clethodim AMENDED Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water)
Exposure Assessment for the Interregional Research Project No. 4 (IR-4)
Petition Proposing Tolerances for Residues of Clethodim on Herb Subgroup
19A (PP#4E6836), Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A (PP#5E6978), Sesame, Legume
Vegetable Group 6 (except Soybean) and Safflower (PP#4F6895), Hops and
Asparagus (PP#5E6977) and Flax (PP#3E6555).

PC Code:		121011

Decision Number:  	353916

DP Number:		333069

REVIEWER:	Breann Hanson, Biologist 

Alternative Risk Integration and Assessment (ARIA) Team

Risk Integration Minor Use and Emergency Response Branch 			
(RIMUERB)/Registration Division (RD) (7505P)

THROUGH:	William Cutchin, Acting Branch Senior Scientist 

		ARIA Team

Technical Review Branch/RD (7505P)

AND

		Mohsen Sahafeyen, Chemist

		Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC)

		Health Effects Division (HED) (7509P)

TO:	Barry O’Keefe, Senior Biologist

	Registration Action Branch 3/HED

	AND 

 

	Sidney Jackson, Risk Manager Reviewer

RIMUERB/RD (7505P)

Executive Summary

™, Version 2.03) which uses food consumption data from the U.S.
Department of Agriculture’s Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes by
Individuals (CSFII) from 1994-1996 and 1998.  

IR-4 has submitted the following petitions for the combined residues of
clethodim [(E)-(±)-2-[1-[[(3- chloro-2-propenyl)oxy]imino]
propyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one] and its
metabolites:

PP#4E6836 (Herb Subgroup 19A):  IR-4, on behalf of the states of
California, Hawaii and Florida, has submitted a petition for the use of
clethodim on herb subgroup 19A at a tolerance of 10 ppm.

PP#5E6978 (Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A):  IR-4, on behalf of the states of
Florida, Georgia , Texas and California and also Puerto Rico, has
submitted a petition for the use of clethodim on leafy greens, subgroup
4A, cilantro, leaves, lettuce, leaf and spinach at a tolerance of 2.0
ppm.

PP#4F6895 (Sesame, seed; Vegetable, legume(Crop Group 6); Safflower,
meal and seed):  IR-4, on behalf of the Agricultural Experiment Stations
of Arkansas, Florida, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, North
Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Puerto Rico, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas
and Washington, has submitted a petition for the use of clethodim on
sesame, seed at a tolerance of 0.40 ppm, vegetable, legume group 6 at
3.0 ppm, safflower, meal at 10.0 ppm and safflower, seed at 5.0 ppm.

PP#5E6977 (Hops, Asparagus):  IR-4, on behalf of the state of
Washington, has submitted a petition for the use of clethodim on hops at
a tolerance of 0.50 ppm and asparagus at 2.0 ppm.

PP#3E6555 (Flax):  IR-4, on behalf of the Agricultural Experiment
Station of North Dakota, has submitted a petition for the use of
clethodim on flax seed at a tolerance of 0.50 ppm.

Acute Dietary Exposure Results and Characterization 

On October 16, 1997, HED’s Hazard Identification Assessment Review
Committee (HIARC) met to evaluate the toxicology data base of clethodim.
 There was no appropriate endpoint for assessing acute dietary exposure;
therefore, no acute dietary risk assessment was performed.  

Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Results and
Characterization

A chronic dietary assessment assuming tolerance level residues for most
commodities and incorporating average percent crop treated data was
conducted.  The highest annual mean estimate for Environmental
Concentrations (EEC’s) water exposure (0.00763 ppm) was used in this
analysis.  The chronic dietary risk assessment shows that for all
included commodities, the chronic dietary risk estimates are below
ARIA’s level of concern (i.e. <100% chronic population adjusted doses
(cPAD).  For the U.S. population, the exposure for food and water
utilized 29% of the cPAD.  The chronic dietary risk estimate for the
highest reported exposed population subgroup, children 1-2 years old,
utilized 84% of the cPAD.

Cancer 

Clethodim is classified as a group E carcinogen, i.e. evidence of
non-carcinogenicity in humans; therefore, quantification of human cancer
risk is not required and a cancer dietary assessment was not performed.

I.	Introduction

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a
given pesticide.  For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is
expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose.  This is the
population adjusted dose (PAD), which HED has concluded will result in
no unreasonable adverse health effects.  This does is referred to as the
population adjusted dose (PAD).  The PAD is equivalent to point of
departure (POD, NOAEL, LOAEL, e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty
factors.  

For acute and non-cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when
estimated dietary risk exceeds 100% of the PAD.  References which
discuss the acute and chronic risk assessments in more detail are
available on the EPA/pesticides web site:  “Available Information on
Assessing Exposure from Pesticides, A User’s Guide”, 21/06/2000, web
link:  http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf ;
or see SOP 99.6 (20/08/1999).

The most recent dietary risk assessment for clethodim was conducted by
M. Xue (DP Number: 280507, 05/02/2002) for Section 3 registrations in or
on leafy Brassica greens, turnip greens, dry bean, peanuts, peanut hay,
peanut meal, and alfalfa hay and forage.

II.	Residue Information

Clethodim Use:

In this analysis the chronic dietary exposure and risk estimates
resulting from food intake were determined for the general U.S.
population and various population subgroups resulting from the addition
of the proposed food uses to the existing food uses for clethodim.

Permanent tolerances have been established in 40 CFR §180.458 for the
combined residues of clethodim and its metabolites containing the
2-cyclohexen-1-one moiety in/on various raw agricultural commodities and
livestock commodities, ranging from 0.2 ppm in livestock commodities to
10 ppm in soybean.  In addition, permanent tolerances have also been
established for the combined residues of clethodim and its metabolites
containing the 5-(2-ethylthiopropyl)cyclohexene-3-one and
5-(2-ethylthiopropyl)-5-hydroxycyclohexene-3-one moieties and their
sulphoxides and sulphones, expressed as clethodim, in/on other various
raw agricultural commodities ranging from 0.20 ppm in beet, sugar roots
and onion, dry bulb to 20 ppm in clover, hay.  Tolerances are also
established in the feed items cotton, meal at 2.0 ppm and soybean,
soapstock at 15 ppm.

Time limited tolerances which expired on 30/04/2003 are still noted in
the current CFR for tomato, paste and tomato, puree at 3 and 2 ppm,
respectively.  

The residues of concern in plants are described as clethodim and
metabolites containing the 5-(2-(ethylthiopropyl)cyclohexene-3-one and
5-(2-(ethylthiopropyl)-5-hydroxycyclohexene-3-one moieties and their
sulphoxides and sulphones in order to harmonize with the Codex MRL
(PP#4F4340, DP Number: 203378, J. Morales, 31/01/1995).  In livestock,
the residues of concern are clethodim and its metabolites containing the
2-cyclohexen-1-one moiety.

Residue Data Used for the Chronic Assessment:

The chronic dietary exposure analysis was performed for the general U.S.
population and all population subgroups using tolerance level residues
and total residues of concern (plants; parent and metabolites).

The previous dietary exposure analysis used tolerance level residues for
all crops and livestock commodities.  Projected and weighted average
percent crop treated (%CT) data were used for some crops.  For all other
commodities 100% CT was used.  Additionally, DEEM™ default processing
factors were used for all commodities.

This partially refined chronic dietary exposure assessment was based on
the assumption of tolerance-level residues for most commodities with
existing and proposed tolerances and incorporated percent crop treated
information.  A Screening-Level Usage Analysis (SLUA) was provided by
the Biological and Economic Analysis Division (BEAD) for %CT information
of current uses of clethodim, see Table 1 (A. Grube, 21/11/2006).  This
information supersedes all previous %CT data except in the cases for
asparagus; beans, succulent; and peas, succulent and dry.  Because these
are proposed new uses, and no projected %CT information was requested,
100% CT was used for these and all new proposed commodities. 
Recommended tolerances were provided by ARIA, see Table 2 (D. Rate, DP
Number: 334913, 09/02/2007).  The higher soybean tolerance of 10 ppm was
used instead of the proposed Crop Group 6 tolerance of 3.0 ppm.  The
higher vegetable, tuberous and corm, subgroup 1C tolerance of 1.0 ppm
supersedes the potato tolerance of 0.5 ppm.  The expired tomato, paste
and puree tolerances have been replaced with the crop group 8 tolerance
of 1.0 ppm.  DEEM default processing factors are again being used to
refine the residue estimates of appropriate commodities except for
potato, dry (granules/flakes) and sesame, oil.  According to a processed
food/feed study which was reviewed by HED (M. Xue, DP Numbers: 240302,
254018, 07/09/2000) and never incorporated into subsequent dietary risk
assessments, the 2.0 ppm tolerance on potato granules/flakes is adequate
and covers the HAFTA residues of 0.78 ppm from field trials and a
residue concentration factor of 2.5x (0.78 x 2.5 = 1.95).  A sesame, oil
processing factor of 1.4 was recommended by ARIA (D. Rate, DP Number:
334913, 09/02/2007).

Table 1.  Percent Crop Treated Information Used in Chronic Dietary
Exposure Analysis for Clethodim.

Commodity	Percent of Crop Treated

(Weighted Average)

Beets	< 1

Broccoli	10

Cabbage	< 1

Cantaloupes	< 1

Carrots	10

Celery	5

Cotton	< 1

Cucumbers	< 1

Dry Beans	5

Lettuce	< 1

Onions	10

Peanuts	5

Potatoes	5

Pumpkins	5

Soybeans	5

Squash	5

Strawberries	< 1

Sugar Beets	45

Sunflowers	20

Sweet Potatoes	< 1

Tomatoes	< 1

Watermelons	5

Table 2.  Proposed Clethodim Tolerances

Commodity	Recommended Tolerance (ppm)

Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A (PP#5E6978)	2.0

Flax Seed  (PP#3E6555)	0.60

Hop, dried cones (PP#5E6977)	0.50

Asparagus (PP#5E6977)	1.7

Herb subgroup 19A (PP#4E6836)	12

Sesame, seed (PP#4F6895)	0.35

Vegetable, legume, crop group 6; except soybean (PP#4F6895)	3.5

Safflower, meal (PP#4F6895)	10

Safflower, seed (PP#4F6895)	5.0

III.	Drinking Water Data

The drinking water residues used in the dietary risk assessment were
provided by the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) and
summarized in the following memoranda: “Drinking water assessment for
Clethodim on flax, leafy greens, sesame, safflower, herbs, hops,
asparagus, legumes,” (I. Abdel-Saheb,  DP Number 313467, 30/11/2006)
and incorporated directly into this dietary assessment.  Water residues
were incorporated in the DEEM-FCID into the food categories “water,
direct, all sources” and “water, indirect, all sources.” 

Based on the proposed application rates and the environmental fate
properties of clethodim, surface and ground water contamination may
occur from clethodim as well as its sulfoxide and sulfone degradates. 
The risk of water contamination is primarily associated with clethodim
sulfone and clethodim sulfoxide rather than parent clethodim based on
greater persistence and mobility of these degradates. Thus, the
assessment was based on the total toxic residue rather than parent only.

	

The Tier I screening models FIRST Version 1.1.0 (FQPA Index Reservoir
Screening Tool) and Percent Crop Area adjustment was used to determine
drinking water concentrations of clethodim and its sulfoxide and sulfone
degradates derived from surface water. 

SCI-GROW (Screening Concentration in Ground Water Program) model VERSION
2.2 was used to predict the maximum chronic and acute concentration of
parent clethodim and its sulfoxide and sulfone degradates derived from
shallow ground water.

Expected Environmental Concentrations (EEC’s) of clethodim and its
sulfoxide and sulfone degradates in water due to the use on flax, leafy
greens, sesame, safflower, herbs, hops, asparagus and legumes are shown
in Table 3, below.

Table 3.  EEC's for Clethodim and its Sulfoxide and Sulfone Degradates
for the Use on Fax, Leafy Greens, Sesame, Safflower, Herbs, Hops,
Asparagus, Legumes Using FIRST and SCI-GROW Models.

Compound	Peak EEC (ug/L)	Annual Mean  EEC (ug/L)

FIRST EEC (ug/L)1 

Total Toxic Clethodim (parent + sulfoxide + sulfone)	

38.953	

7.631

SCI-GROW EEC (ug/L)

Total Toxic Clethodim (parent + sulfoxide + sulfone)	

1.39

1 Based on two apps of 0.25 lbs. ai/A at 14-day interval.   

	DEEM-FCID™ Program and Consumption Information

A clethodim chronic dietary exposure assessments was conducted using the
Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software with the Food Commodity
Intake Database (DEEM-FCID™, Version 2.03), which incorporates
consumption data from USDA’s Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes by
Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 and 1998.  The 1994-96, 98 data are based
on the reported consumption of more than 20,000 individuals over two
non-consecutive survey days.  Foods “as consumed” (e.g., apple pie)
are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g. apples, peeled fruit -
cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S,
baked) using publicly available recipe translation files developed
jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA.  For chronic exposure assessment,
consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within
population subgroups, but for acute exposure assessment are retained as
individual consumption events.  Based on analysis of the 1994-96, 98
CSFII consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and
survey respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report
risk for the following population subgroups: the general U.S.
population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5,
children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50+
years old.

For chronic dietary exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue
level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the
food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average daily
consumption estimate for that food/food form to produce a residue intake
estimate.  The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form
is summed with the residue intake estimates for all other food/food
forms on the commodity residue list to arrive at the total average
estimated exposure.  Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and
as a percent of the cPAD.  This procedure is performed for each
population subgroup.

V.	Toxicological Information

Previously agreed upon toxicological endpoints for chronic dietary
exposure risk were used in this assessment.  No endpoint could be
determined for acute dietary risk; therefore no acute dietary assessment
is required for clethodim.  The endpoint for chronic dietary risk
assessment was based on alterations in hematology and clinical chemistry
parameters and increased absolute and relative liver weights observed in
a chronic toxicity study performed on dogs.  The FQPA SF was reduced to
1x based on toxicological considerations by the FQPA Safety Factor
Committee (HED Doc. No. 014309, 31/08/2000).  Clethodim has been
classified as a group E carcinogen; therefore, quantification of human
cancer risk is not required and a cancer dietary assessment was not
performed.

Table 4.  Summary of Toxicological Endpoints for Use in Human Health
Risk Assessment

Exposure

Scenario	Dose Used in Risk Assessment,

UF	Hazard and Exposure Based on FQPA Safety Factor	Study and
Toxicological Effects

Acute Dietary

All Populations 	There were no effects observed in oral toxicity studies
including developmental toxicity studies in rats and rabbits that could
be attributable to a single dose (exposure).  Therefore, a dose and
endpoint were not selected for this risk assessment.  

Chronic Dietary

All populations	NOAEL = 1.0

UF=100	FQPA SF = 1X

cPAD = 0.01 mg/kg/day	Chronic Toxicity-Dog (1 year): LOAEL = 75
mg/kg/day based on alterations in hematology and clinical chemistry
parameters and increased absolute and relative liver weights observed.

Cancer

(oral, dermal, inhalation)	The HIARC classified clethodim as a group E
carcinogen; therefore, quantification of human cancer risk is not
required and a cancer dietary assessment was not performed.

1 UF = uncertainty factor; NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level;
LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level; PAD = population adjusted
dose (a = acute, c = chronic).

VI.	Results/Discussion 

For chronic assessments, ARIA is concerned when dietary risk exceeds
100% of the cPAD.  The DEEM-FCID™ analyses estimate the dietary
exposure of the U.S. population and various population subgroups.  The
results reported in the Summary Table (Table 5) are for the general U.S.
population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5,
children 6-12, youth 13-19, females 13-49, adults 20-49, and adults 50+
years.  

Results of the Chronic Dietary Exposure Analysis

The chronic dietary exposure for food and surface water utilized 29% of
the cPAD for the U.S. population.  The chronic dietary exposure for the
highest reported exposed population subgroup, children 1-2 years old,
utilized 84% of the cPAD.

The results of the chronic dietary exposure analysis are reported in the
Summary Table (Table 5, below).  

Table 5.  Summary of Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Risk for
Clethodim

Population Subgroup	Chronic Dietary

	Dietary Exposure

(mg/kg/day)	% cPAD*

General U.S. Population	0.002938	29

All Infants (< 1 year old)	0.008072	81

Children 1-2 years old	0.008370	84

Children 3-5 years old	0.005994	60

Children 6-12 years old	0.003688	37

Youth 13-19 years old	0.002174	22

Adults 20-49 years old	0.002274	23

Adults 50+ years old	0.002575	26

Females 13-49 years old	0.002173	22

* % PADs are reported to 2 significant figures.

* *The values for the highest exposed population for each type of risk
assessment are bolded.

These analyses are conservative dietary exposure assessments.  Further
refinement to the analyses could be made through the use of anticipated
residues, incorporation of additional percentages of crops treated with
clethodim, and/or monitoring data that better reflect residues at the
time of consumption.  Since risk estimates are below ARIA’s level of
concern, a more highly refined analysis is not needed at this time.

VII.	Conclusions

A chronic dietary exposure assessment was conducted for the proposed and
existing food uses and drinking water for clethodim.  

The chronic dietary (food + drinking water) exposure to clethodim is
below ARIA’s level of concern for the general U.S. population and all
population subgroups.  The chronic dietary exposure utilized 29% cPAD
for the general U.S. population and 84% cPAD for children 1-2 years old,
the most highly exposed population subgroup. 

VIII.	List of Attachments

Attachment 1:  Chronic Food plus Water Residue Input File

Attachment 2:  Chronic Results File

Attachment 3:  SLUA

cc:  B. Hanson

Attachment 1:  Chronic Food plus Water Residue Input File

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                
Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for CLETHODIM                         
1994-98 data

Residue file: C:\Documents and Settings\bhanson\My Documents\Breann's
Work\ARIA\Clethodim\FINALS\FINAL FINALS\c121011.R98

                                                               Adjust.
#2 used

Analysis Date 03-07-2007             Residue file dated:
03-07-2007/09:13:36/8

Reference dose (RfD) = 0.01 mg/kg bw/day

------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------

Food Crop                                       Residue      
Adj.Factors      Comment

EPA Code  Grp  Food Name                          (ppm)       

                                                             #1        
#2 

-------- ---- -------------------------------   ---------- ------    
------   -------

04010050 4A   Amaranth, leafy                    2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

01030150 1CD  Arrowroot, flour                   1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01030151 1CD  Arrowroot, flour-babyfood          1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01030170 1CD  Artichoke, Jerusalem               1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

04010180 4A   Arugula                            2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

95000190 O    Asparagus                          1.700000   1.000     
1.000   5E6977

09020210 9B   Balsam pear                        0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

19010280 19A  Basil, fresh leaves               12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

19010281 19A  Basil, fresh leaves-babyfood      12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

19010290 19A  Basil, dried leaves               12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

19010291 19A  Basil, dried leaves-babyfood      12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

06030300 6C   Bean, black, seed                  3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06020310 6B   Bean, broad, succulent             3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06030320 6C   Bean, broad, seed                  3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06020330 6B   Bean, cowpea, succulent            3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06030340 6C   Bean, cowpea, seed                 3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030350 6C   Bean,  great northern, seed        3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030360 6C   Bean, kidney, seed                 3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06020370 6B   Bean, lima, succulent              3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06030380 6C   Bean, lima, seed                   3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030390 6C   Bean, mung, seed                   3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030400 6C   Bean, navy, seed                   3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030410 6C   Bean, pink, seed                   3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030420 6C   Bean, pinto, seed                  3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06010430 6A   Bean, snap, succulent              3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06010431 6A   Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood     3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

21000440 M    Beef, meat                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000441 M    Beef, meat-babyfood                0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000450 M    Beef, meat, dried                  0.200000   1.920     
1.000   

21000460 M    Beef, meat byproducts              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000461 M    Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000470 M    Beef, fat                          0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000471 M    Beef,fat-babyfood                  0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000480 M    Beef, kidney                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000490 M    Beef, liver                        0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

21000491 M    Beef, liver-babyfood               0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

01010500 1AB  Beet, garden, roots                1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

01010501 1AB  Beet, garden, roots-babyfood       1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

02000510 2    Beet, garden, tops                 1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

01010520 1A   Beet, sugar                        0.200000   1.000     
0.450   

01010521 1A   Beet, sugar-babyfood               0.200000   1.000     
0.450   

01010530 1A   Beet, sugar, molasses              1.000000   1.000     
0.450   

01010531 1A   Beet, sugar, molasses-babyfood     1.000000   1.000     
0.450   

05010610 5A   Broccoli                           3.000000   1.000     
0.100   

05010611 5A   Broccoli-babyfood                  3.000000   1.000     
0.100   

05010620 5A   Broccoli, Chinese                  3.000000   1.000     
0.100   

05020630 5B   Broccoli raab                      3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

05010640 5A   Brussels sprouts                   3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01010670 1AB  Burdock                            1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

05010690 5A   Cabbage                            3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

05020700 5B   Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy         3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

05010710 5A   Cabbage, Chinese, napa             3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

05010720 5A   Cabbage, Chinese, mustard          3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

09010750 9A   Cantaloupe                         2.000000   1.000     
0.010   

04020760 4B   Cardoon                            0.600000   1.000     
1.000   

01010780 1AB  Carrot                             1.000000   1.000     
0.100   

01010781 1AB  Carrot-babyfood                    1.000000   1.000     
0.100   

01010790 1AB  Carrot, juice                      1.000000   1.000     
0.100   

09010800 9A   Casaba                             2.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01030820 1CD  Cassava                            1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01030821 1CD  Cassava-babyfood                   1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

05010830 5A   Cauliflower                        3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01010840 1AB  Celeriac                           1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

04020850 4B   Celery                             0.600000   1.000     
0.050   

04020851 4B   Celery-babyfood                    0.600000   1.000     
0.050   

04020860 4B   Celery, juice                      0.600000   1.000     
0.050   

04020870 4B   Celtuce                            0.600000   1.000     
1.000   

09020880 9B   Chayote, fruit                     0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

40000930 P    Chicken, meat                      0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000931 P    Chicken, meat-babyfood             0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000940 P    Chicken, liver                     0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000950 P    Chicken, meat byproducts           0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000951 P    Chicken, meat byproducts-babyfoo   0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000960 P    Chicken, fat                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000961 P    Chicken, fat-babyfood              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000970 P    Chicken, skin                      0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

40000971 P    Chicken, skin-babyfood             0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

06030980 6C   Chickpea, seed                     3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030981 6C   Chickpea, seed-babyfood            3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06030990 6C   Chickpea, flour                    3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

01011000 1AB  Chicory, roots                     1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

09021020 9B   Chinese waxgourd                   0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

19011030 19A  Chive                             12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

04011040 4A   Chrysanthemum, garland             2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

05021170 5B   Collards                           3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

19011180 19A  Coriander, leaves                 12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6936

19011181 19A  Coriander, leaves-babyfood        12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6936

95001280 O    Cottonseed, oil                    1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

95001281 O    Cottonseed, oil-babyfood           1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

95001300 O    Cranberry                          0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

95001301 O    Cranberry-babyfood                 0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

95001310 O    Cranberry, dried                   0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

95001320 O    Cranberry, juice                   0.500000   1.100     
1.000   

95001321 O    Cranberry, juice-babyfood          0.500000   1.100     
1.000   

04011330 4A   Cress, garden                      2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

04011340 4A   Cress, upland                      2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

09021350 9B   Cucumber                           0.500000   1.000     
0.010   

04011380 4A   Dandelion, leaves                  2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

01031390 1CD  Dasheen, corm                      1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

19011440 19A  Dillweed                          12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

70001450 P    Egg, whole                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

70001451 P    Egg, whole-babyfood                0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

70001460 P    Egg, white                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

70001461 P    Egg, white (solids)-babyfood       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

70001470 P    Egg, yolk                          0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

70001471 P    Egg, yolk-babyfood                 0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

08001480 8    Eggplant                           1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

04011500 4A   Endive                             2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

04021520 4B   Fennel, Florence                   0.600000   1.000     
1.000   

20001630 20   Flaxseed, oil                      0.600000   1.000     
1.000   3E6555

01031660 1CD  Ginger                             1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01031661 1CD  Ginger-babyfood                    1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01031670 1CD  Ginger, dried                      1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01011680 1AB  Ginseng, dried                     1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

23001690 M    Goat, meat                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

23001700 M    Goat, meat byproducts              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

23001710 M    Goat, fat                          0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

23001720 M    Goat, kidney                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

23001730 M    Goat, liver                        0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

06031820 6C   Guar, seed                         3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

06031821 6C   Guar, seed-babyfood                3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

19011840 19A  Herbs, other                      12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

19011841 19A  Herbs, other-babyfood             12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

09011870 9A   Honeydew melon                     2.000000   1.000     
1.000   

95001880 O    Hop                                0.500000   1.000     
1.000   5E6977

24001890 M    Horse, meat                        0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

01011900 1AB  Horseradish                        1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

05021940 5B   Kale                               3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

05011960 5A   Kohlrabi                           3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

19012020 19A  Lemongrass                        12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

06032030 6C   Lentil, seed                       3.500000   1.000     
0.050   4F6895

04012040 4A   Lettuce, head                      2.000000   1.000     
0.010   5E6978

04012050 4A   Lettuce, leaf                      2.000000   1.000     
0.010   5E6978

19012200 19A  Marjoram                          12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

19012201 19A  Marjoram-babyfood                 12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

27002220 D    Milk, fat                          0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

27002221 D    Milk, fat - baby food/infant for   0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

27012230 D    Milk, nonfat solids                0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

27012231 D    Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in   0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

27022240 D    Milk, water                        0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

27022241 D    Milk, water-babyfood/infant form   0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

27032251 D    Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/   0.050000   1.000     
1.000   

05022290 5B   Mustard greens                     3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002340 8    Okra                               1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

03002370 3    Onion, dry bulb                    0.200000   1.000     
0.100   

03002371 3    Onion, dry bulb-babyfood           0.200000   1.000     
0.100   

03002380 3    Onion, dry bulb, dried             0.200000   9.000     
0.100   

03002381 3    Onion, dry bulb, dried-babyfood    0.200000   9.000     
0.100   

03002390 3    Onion, green                       2.000000   1.000     
0.100   

04012480 4A   Parsley, leaves                    2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

19012490 19A  Parsley, dried leaves             12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

19012491 19A  Parsley, dried leaves-babyfood    12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

01012500 1AB  Parsley, turnip rooted             1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01012510 1AB  Parsnip                            1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01012511 1AB  Parsnip-babyfood                   1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

06022550 6B   Pea, succulent                     3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06022551 6B   Pea, succulent-babyfood            3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06032560 6C   Pea, dry                           3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06032561 6C   Pea, dry-babyfood                  3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06012570 6A   Pea, edible podded, succulent      3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06032580 6C   Pea, pigeon, seed                  3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

06022590 6B   Pea, pigeon, succulent             3.500000   1.000     
1.000   4F6895

95002630 O    Peanut                             3.000000   1.000     
0.050   

95002640 O    Peanut, butter                     3.000000   1.890     
0.050   

95002650 O    Peanut, oil                        3.000000   1.000     
0.050   

08002700 8    Pepper, bell                       1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002701 8    Pepper, bell-babyfood              1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002710 8    Pepper, bell, dried                1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002711 8    Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood       1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002720 8    Pepper, nonbell                    1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002721 8    Pepper, nonbell-babyfood           1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08002730 8    Pepper, nonbell, dried             1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

95002750 O    Peppermint                         5.000000   1.000     
1.000   

95002760 O    Peppermint, oil                    5.000000   1.000     
1.000   

25002900 M    Pork, meat                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002901 M    Pork, meat-babyfood                0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002910 M    Pork, skin                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002920 M    Pork, meat byproducts              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002921 M    Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002930 M    Pork, fat                          0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002931 M    Pork, fat-babyfood                 0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002940 M    Pork, kidney                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

25002950 M    Pork, liver                        0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

01032960 1C   Potato, chips                      1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01032970 1C   Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)     2.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01032971 1C   Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)-b   2.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01032980 1C   Potato, flour                      1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01032981 1C   Potato, flour-babyfood             1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01032990 1C   Potato, tuber, w/peel              1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01032991 1C   Potato, tuber, w/peel-babyfood     1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01033000 1C   Potato, tuber, w/o peel            1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01033001 1C   Potato, tuber, w/o peel-babyfood   1.000000   1.000     
0.050   

60003010 P    Poultry, other, meat               0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

60003020 P    Poultry, other, liver              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

60003030 P    Poultry, other, meat byproducts    0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

60003040 P    Poultry, other, fat                0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

60003050 P    Poultry, other, skin               0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

09023080 9B   Pumpkin                            0.500000   1.000     
0.050   

09023090 9B   Pumpkin, seed                      0.500000   1.000     
0.050   

04013130 4A   Radicchio                          2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

01013140 1AB  Radish, roots                      1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

02003150 2    Radish, tops                       0.700000   1.000     
1.000   

01013160 1AB  Radish, Oriental, roots            1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

02003170 2    Radish, Oriental, tops             0.700000   1.000     
1.000   

05023180 5B   Rape greens                        3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

20003190 20   Rapeseed, oil                      0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

20003191 20   Rapeseed, oil-babyfood             0.500000   1.000     
1.000   

04023220 4B   Rhubarb                            0.600000   1.000     
1.000   

01013270 1AB  Rutabaga                           1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

20003300 20   Safflower, oil                     5.000000   1.000     
1.000   

20003301 20   Safflower, oil-babyfood            5.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01013310 1AB  Salsify, roots                     1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

02003320 2    Salsify, tops                      0.700000   1.000     
1.000   

19013340 19A  Savory                            12.000000   1.000     
1.000   4E6836

95003360 O    Sesame, seed                       0.350000   1.000     
1.000   

95003361 O    Sesame, seed-babyfood              0.350000   1.000     
1.000   

95003370 O    Sesame, oil                        0.350000   1.400     
1.000   

95003371 O    Sesame, oil-babyfood               0.350000   1.400     
1.000   

26003390 M    Sheep, meat                        0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

26003391 M    Sheep, meat-babyfood               0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

26003400 M    Sheep, meat byproducts             0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

26003410 M    Sheep, fat                         0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

26003411 M    Sheep, fat-babyfood                0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

26003420 M    Sheep, kidney                      0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

26003430 M    Sheep, liver                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

06003470 6    Soybean, seed                     10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

06003480 6    Soybean, flour                    10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

06003481 6    Soybean, flour-babyfood           10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

06003490 6    Soybean, soy milk                 10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

06003491 6    Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in  10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

06003500 6    Soybean, oil                      10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

06003501 6    Soybean, oil-babyfood             10.000000   1.000     
0.050   

95003520 O    Spearmint                          5.000000   1.000     
1.000   

95003530 O    Spearmint, oil                     5.000000   1.000     
1.000   

04013550 4A   Spinach                            2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

04013551 4A   Spinach-babyfood                   2.000000   1.000     
1.000   5E6978

09023560 9B   Squash, summer                     0.500000   1.000     
0.050   

09023561 9B   Squash, summer-babyfood            0.500000   1.000     
0.050   

09023570 9B   Squash, winter                     0.500000   1.000     
0.050   

09023571 9B   Squash, winter-babyfood            0.500000   1.000     
0.050   

95003590 O    Strawberry                         3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

95003591 O    Strawberry-babyfood                3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

95003600 O    Strawberry, juice                  3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

95003601 O    Strawberry, juice-babyfood         3.000000   1.000     
0.010   

20003640 20   Sunflower, seed                    5.000000   1.000     
0.200   

20003650 20   Sunflower, oil                     5.000000   1.000     
0.200   

20003651 20   Sunflower, oil-babyfood            5.000000   1.000     
0.200   

01033660 1CD  Sweet potato                       1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

01033661 1CD  Sweet potato-babyfood              1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

04023670 4B   Swiss chard                        0.600000   1.000     
1.000   

01033710 1CD  Tanier, corm                       1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08003740 8    Tomatillo                          1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

08003750 8    Tomato                             1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

08003751 8    Tomato-babyfood                    1.000000   1.000     
0.010   

08003760 8    Tomato, paste                      1.000000   5.400     
0.010   

  Full comment: previous tolerance expired 4/30/03

08003761 8    Tomato, paste-babyfood             1.000000   5.400     
0.010   

  Full comment: previous tolerance expired 4/30/03

08003770 8    Tomato, puree                      1.000000   3.300     
0.010   

  Full comment: previous tolerance expired 4/30/03

08003771 8    Tomato, puree-babyfood             1.000000   3.300     
0.010   

  Full comment: previous tolerance expired 4/30/03

08003780 8    Tomato, dried                      1.000000  14.300     
0.010   

08003781 8    Tomato, dried-babyfood             1.000000  14.300     
0.010   

08003790 8    Tomato, juice                      1.000000   1.500     
0.010   

50003820 P    Turkey, meat                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003821 P    Turkey, meat-babyfood              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003830 P    Turkey, liver                      0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003831 P    Turkey, liver-babyfood             0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003840 P    Turkey, meat byproducts            0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003841 P    Turkey, meat byproducts-babyfood   0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003850 P    Turkey, fat                        0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003851 P    Turkey, fat-babyfood               0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003860 P    Turkey, skin                       0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

50003861 P    Turkey, skin-babyfood              0.200000   1.000     
1.000   

01033870 1CD  Turmeric                           1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01013880 1AB  Turnip, roots                      1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

05023890 5B   Turnip, greens                     3.000000   1.000     
1.000   

86010000 O    Water, direct, all sources         0.007630   1.000     
1.000   

86020000 O    Water, indirect, all sources       0.007630   1.000     
1.000   

09013990 9A   Watermelon                         2.000000   1.000     
0.050   

09014000 9A   Watermelon, juice                  2.000000   1.000     
0.050   

01034060 1CD  Yam, true                          1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

01034070 1CD  Yam bean                           1.000000   1.000     
1.000   

Attachment 2:  Chronic Results File

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                
Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for CLETHODIM                        (1994-98
data)

Residue file name: C:\Documents and Settings\bhanson\My
Documents\Breann's Work\ARIA\Clethodim\FINALS\FINAL FINALS\c121011.R98

                                                     Adjustment factor
#2 used.

Analysis Date 03-07-2007/09:21:00     Residue file dated:
03-07-2007/09:13:36/8

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .01 mg/kg bw/day

========================================================================
=======

                    Total exposure by population subgroup

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

                                                    Total Exposure

                                        
-----------------------------------

          Population                         mg/kg             Percent
of   

           Subgroup                       body wt/day             Rfd   
   

--------------------------------------   -------------      
---------------

U.S. Population (total)                     0.002938               
29.4%

U.S. Population (spring season)             0.002895               
29.0%

U.S. Population (summer season)             0.002969               
29.7%

U.S. Population (autumn season)             0.002962               
29.6%

U.S. Population (winter season)             0.002921               
29.2%

Northeast region                            0.002890               
28.9%

Midwest region                              0.002969               
29.7%

Southern region                             0.003003               
30.0%

Western region                              0.002845               
28.4%

Hispanics                                   0.002752               
27.5%

Non-hispanic whites                         0.002814               
28.1%

Non-hispanic blacks                         0.003523               
35.2%

Non-hisp/non-white/non-black                0.003751               
37.5%

All infants (< 1 year)                      0.008072               
80.7%

Nursing infants                             0.003896               
39.0%

Non-nursing infants                         0.009657               
96.6%

Children 1-6  yrs                           0.006650               
66.5%

Children 7-12 yrs                           0.003420               
34.2%

Females 13-19 (not preg or nursing)         0.001907               
19.1%

Females 20+ (not preg or nursing)           0.002350               
23.5%

Females 13-50 yrs                           0.002282               
22.8%

Females 13+ (preg/not nursing)              0.002092               
20.9%

Females 13+ (nursing)                       0.002866               
28.7%

Males 13-19 yrs                             0.002432               
24.3%

Males 20+ yrs                               0.002416               
24.2%

Seniors 55+                                 0.002596               
26.0%

Children 1-2 yrs                      
††〠〮㠰㜳‰†††††††㠠⸳┷䌍楨摬敲⁮ⴳ‵
特⁳†††††††††††††〠〮㔰㤹‴††††
†††㔠⸹┹䌍楨摬敲⁮ⴶ㈱礠獲†††††††††
††††〠〮㌰㠶‸†††††††㌠⸶┹

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Youth 13-19 yrs                             0.002174               
21.7%

Adults 20-49 yrs                            0.002274               
22.7%

Adults 50+ yrs                              0.002575               
25.8%

Females 13-49 yrs                           0.002173               
21.7%

Attachment 3:   SLUA

Clethodim	                                       Dietary Exposure and
Risk Assessment                   DP Number:  333069

PC Code: 121011                                                         
                                             

________________________________________________________________________
______________

 PAGE   

Page  PAGE   11  of 19

Clethodim	                                       Dietary Exposure and
Risk Assessment                   DP Number:  333069

PC Code: 121011                                                         
                                             

________________________________________________________________________
______________