Document ID: EPA-HQ-OAR-2006-0735-5428
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2008-05-19T04:00Z

CFSAN/Office of Plant and Dairy Foods

April 2001; Updated June 2003, September 2004, September 2005, August
2006 and March 2007

 

Total Diet Study

Introduction

The Total Diet Study (TDS), sometimes called the market basket study, is
an ongoing FDA program that determines levels of various contaminants
and nutrients in foods. From this information, dietary intakes of those
analytes by the U.S. population can be estimated. Since its inception in
1961 as a program to monitor for radioactive contamination of foods, the
TDS has grown to encompass additional analytes, including pesticide
residues, industrial chemicals, and toxic and nutrient elements. A
unique aspect of the TDS is that foods are prepared as they would be
consumed (table-ready) prior to analysis, so the analytical results
provide the basis for realistic estimates of the dietary intake of these
analytes.

This website provides an overview of FDA's TDS and access to analytical
results (data summaries as well as individual results for each food)
from mid-1991 to the present. (Data prior to this time are not available
in electronic format.) Other information (including the list of TDS
foods, sample collection sites and dates, and the TDS diets used for
calculating dietary intakes) are also provided on this website.

Total Diet Study

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-toc.html"  Introduction 

Study Design

The TDS involves purchasing samples of food throughout the U.S.,
preparing the foods as they would be consumed (table-ready), and
analyzing the foods to measure the levels of selected contaminants and
nutrients. Dietary intakes of these analytes by the U.S. population are
then calculated by multiplying the levels found in TDS foods by the
average consumption amounts for each food. The overall strategy and
goals of the TDS have remained constant since its inception in 1961, but
the specific methodology has been revised periodically. Exhaustive
histories of the TDS have been published elsewhere (  HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-refs.html"  See the list of
references .). 

The number of different foods sampled in the TDS has increased from 82
food items when the study was initiated in the early 1960s to about 280
foods in the current program. The list of TDS foods is updated from time
to time to reflect changing eating patterns in the U.S. The information
reported on this website reflects two versions of the TDS foods list.
The first was compiled in 1990 and altered slightly in 1991 when
additional infant and toddler foods were added to provide more
information on levels of pesticides and lead in the diets of young
children. The second version was implemented in 2003. (See the
comprehensive table of both the   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-food.html"  1990/91 and 2003 food
lists .) Foods lists prior to 1990 have been published elsewhere ( 
HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-refs.html"  reference list
).

Besides changes in the number and types of foods purchased in the TDS,
the way in which the foods are analyzed has also changed over time. In
some of the earlier studies, similar foods were combined before analysis
to form composites representing major commodity groups (e.g., dairy,
meat, grains). Beginning in the early 1980s, TDS foods were analyzed
individually; this approach is still used in the TDS today.

Sample collections (also referred to as   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-mbs.html"  market baskets ) are
generally conducted four times each year, once in each of four
geographic regions of the country (West, North Central, South, and
Northeast). Food samples are purchased by FDA personnel from
supermarkets, grocery stores and fast food restaurants in three cities
in the region and are shipped to a central FDA laboratory. The foods are
then prepared table-ready and the three samples are combined to form a
single analytical composite for each TDS food.   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-ana.html"  Current TDS analytes 
include pesticide resides, industrial chemicals, radionuclides, toxic
and nutrient elements, and folate. 

Numerous units within FDA participate in the operation of TDS. The
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, provides
overall management of the program and summarizes the laboratory results.
FDA District Offices from across the U.S., within the Office of Regional
Operations, collect the foods and ship them to the Kansas City District
Laboratory, Lenexa, KS, where the foods are prepared and analyzed for
pesticide residues and elements. Portions of the composites are sent to
FDA's Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center, Winchester, MA, for
radionuclide analyses and to FDA's Atlanta Center for Nutrient Analyses,
Atlanta, GA, for folate analysis.

TDS Food List and Consumption Amounts (TDS Diets)

TDS Food List

The foods collected in the TDS (referred to as the TDS food list)
represent the major components of the diet of the U.S. population. The
food list is based on results of national food consumption surveys and
is updated from time to time to reflect changes in food consumption
patterns. Currently, there are about 280 foods collected and analyzed in
the TDS.

The TDS analytical results reported on this website (from 1991 to the
present) reflect two versions of the food list; the first was compiled
in 1990 and the second in 2003. The 1990 version was based on the USDA
1987-88 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) (USDA 1990, Pennington
1992). The 2003 version is based on USDA’s 1994-96, 1998 Continuing
Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) (USDA 2000). See the  
HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-food.html"  comprehensive
list of TDS foods .

TDS Consumption Amounts (TDS Diets)

Dietary exposure to TDS analytes can be estimated by multiplying the
levels of the analytes found by the average amount consumed for each
food TDS food. The food consumption amounts for each TDS food are
compiled for the total US population and 14 age/sex subgroups listed
below; these are collectively referred to as the TDS diets. 

M/F 6-11 mos

M/F 2 yrs

M/F 6 yrs

M/F 10 yrs 	F 14-16 yrs

M 14-16 yrs

F 25-30 yrs

M 25-30 yrs	F 40-45 yrs

M 40-45 yrs

F 60-65 yrs

M 60-65 yrs	F 70+ yrs

M 70+ yrs

The TDS food lists and diets are also compiled from national consumption
survey data through a process of aggregating survey foods and
consumption amounts. During the food consumption surveys, detailed
information is collected on the types and amounts of food consumed by
each survey participant. Over 5,000 different foods were reported in
each of the USDA surveys that were used for compiling the 1990/91 and
2003 food lists and diets. Although there are many fewer TDS foods (~
280) than survey foods (> 5,000), the goal of the TDS diets is to
account for total food consumption. To accomplish this, the survey foods
were grouped (or aggregated) according to their similarity to TDS foods
and a “mapping” file was created in which each survey food is
assigned to one of the TDS food. 

After the mapping is completed, average per-capita (eater and
non-eaters) daily consumption amounts were calculated for each survey
food and population group. Finally, the consumption amounts of all
survey foods assigned to a TDS food were subtotaled to derive the TDS
diet consumption amount for that food. The TDS diets assume that the
analytical profile of the survey foods would be similar to that of the
TDS foods to which they are assigned, and that the TDS diets could
provide an estimate of total dietary exposure to the analytes from all
foods in the diet – not from the TDS foods alone. 

Three versions of the TDS diets, which can be used with the analytical
results to calculate dietary intake of the TDS analytes, are available
on this website. Each file is a self-extracting compressed (zipped),
tab-delimited text file* that can be downloaded, decompressed
(double-click the file or use a program like Stuffit Expander), and
imported by database or spreadsheet software. For best viewing and data
manipulation, the text files should be saved and then opened from a
database or spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel, Corel
QuattroPro or Lottus 1-2-3.:

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsver1.exe"  TDS Diets,
Version 1  (1990/91 food list + 1987-88 NFCS data)

(Can be used with TDS analytical results from 1991 through 2002.) 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsver2.exe"  TDS Diets,
Version 2  (1990/91 food list + 1994-96, 1998 CSFII data)

(Can be used with TDS analytical results from 1991 through 2002.) 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsver3.exe"  TDS Diets,
Version 3  (2003 food list + 1994-96, 1998 CSFII data)

(Can be used with analytical results from 2003 and later.) 

The   HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsmap.exe"  mapping
file  used to create Versions 2 and 3 of the TDS diets is available here
as a compressed, tab-delimited text file*.  (The mapping file for
Version 1 of the diets is not available in electronic format.) 

	Aug 1994

95-1	Nashville, TN; Baltimore, MD; Orlando, FL	Oct - Nov 1994

95-2	Brownsville, TX; San Diego, CA; Tuscon, AZ	Feb - Mar 1995

95-3	Hartford, CT; Rochester, NY; Monmouth/Ocean, NJ	Jun 1995

96-1	Salt Lake City/Ogden, UT; Bakersfield, CA; Tacoma, WA	Oct - Nov
1995

96-2	Charleston, SC; Lafayette, LA; West Palm Beach/Boca Raton/Delray
Beach, FL	Jan - Feb 1996

96-3	Portland, ME; New York City/Westchester County, NY;
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, PA	Apr - May 1996

96-4	Lansing/East Lansing, MI; Davenport, IA/Rock Island/Moline, IL; St.
Cloud, MN	Aug - Sep 1996

97-1	Phoenix, AZ; Fresno, CA; San Antonio, TX	Nov 1996 - Jan 1997

97-2	Norfolk/Virginia Beach/Newport News, VA; Nashville, TN; Ponce, PR
Mar - Apr 1997

97-3	Syracuse, NY; Bergen/Passaic, NJ; Lancaster, PA	Jun - Jul 1997

97-4	Columbus, OH; Saginaw/Bay City/Midland, MI; Wichita, KS	Sep - Oct
1997

98-1	Pueblo, CO; Los Angles/Long Beach, CA; Boise City, ID	Nov - Dec
1997

98-2	Savannah, GA; Tulsa, OK; Baton Rouge, LA	Feb - Mar 1998

98-3	Providence, RI; Long Beach/Ashbury Park, NJ; New York City, NY	May
- Jun 1998

98-4	Peoria, IL; Dayton, OH; Sioux Falls, SD	Aug 1998

99-1	Denver, CO; Reno, NV; Portland, OR	Oct - Dec 1998

99-2	Baltimore, MD; Tallahassee, FL; San Juan, PR 	Mar 1999

99-3	Binghamton, NY; Worcester, MA; Harrisburg, PA	Jul - Aug 1999

00-1	Grand Rapids, MI; Springfield, MO; Milwaukee, WI	Oct - Nov 1999

00-2	Tucson, AZ; San Diego, CA; Brownsville, TX 	Jan - Feb 2000

00-3	Birmingham, AL; Columbus, GA; Jackson, MS 	Apr - May 2000

00-4	Nassau/Suffolk, NY; Newark, NJ; Albany/Schenectady/Troy, NY 	Aug
2000

01-1	Lincoln, NE; Springfield, IL; Cleveland/Lorain/Elyria, OH 	Oct -
Nov 2000

01-2	Colorado Springs, CO; Oakland, CA; Spokane, WA 	Jan - Mar 2001

01-3	Washington, DC; Oklahoma City, OK; Orlando, FL 	Apr - May 2001

01-4	Manchester, NH; New York, NY; Allentown/Bethlehem/Easton, PA	Jul -
Aug 2001

02-1	Cook County, IL; Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI; Minneapolis-St. Paul,
MN	Oct – Nov 2001

02-2	Ventura County, CA; San Jose, CA; Yakima, WA	Jan – Feb 2002

02-3	Greenville, SC; New Orleans, LA; Knoxville, TN	Apr – May 2002

02-4	Binghamton, NY; Springfield, MA; Newark, NJ	Jul – Aug 2002

03-1	Akron, OH; Des Moines, IA; Green Bay, WI	Oct – Dec 2002

03-2	Albuquerque, NM; Riverside-San Bernardino, CA; Salem, OR	Jan –
Mar 2003

03-3	Charleston, WV; Houston, TX; Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Apr – Jun 2003

03-4	Monmouth-Ocean City, NJ; Rochester, NY; Philadelphia, PA	Jul –
Aug 2003

Analytes and Analytical Methods

The following analytes are measured in some or all of the foods in the
current TDS program. The links in the table below will display a list of
specific compounds included in the TDS in that class of chemicals.

The last column in the table below indicates the   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-mbs.html"  market baskets (MBs) 
since 1991 in which the analyses were conducted. The MB number (e.g.,
92-2) indicates the fiscal year and the specific collection (1 through
4) for that year.

Refer to the   HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-food.html" 
food/analyte matrix  to determine which TDS foods are analyzed for each
analyte group.

Analyte Group	Analyte	Method	MBs included

pesticides	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-ocs.html" 
organochlorine 	KCP-1,2	all

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-ops.html" 
organophosphorus 	KCP-1,2	all

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-othr.html" \l "carbs"
 N-methylcarbamates 	KCP-7	all

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-othr.html" \l "cpas" 
chlorophenoxy acids and pentachlorophenol 	KCP-5	all

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-othr.html" \l "pyre" 
pyrethroids 	KCP-1,2	all

 	organosulfur (propargite)	KCP-2	all

 	EBDCs and ethylenethiourea	KCP-8	all

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-othr.html" \l "ureas"
 substituted ureas 	KCP-6	all

 	benomyl, carbendazim (MBC), and thiabendazole	KCP-9	since MB 92-2

industrial chemicals	polychlorinated biphenyls	KCP-1,2	all

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-othr.html" \l "vocs" 
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 	KCP-10	since MB 95-3

elements	arsenic	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.96	all

 	cadmium	Kan-Lab-Met.97 and Kan-Lab-Met.93	all

 	calcium	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	copper	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	iron	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	iodine	Kan-Lab-Met.95	all since MB 03-04

 	lead	Kan-Lab-Met.97 and Kan-Lab-Met.93	all

 	magnesium	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	manganese	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	mercury	Kan-Lab-Met.91	all

 	nickel	Kan-Lab-Met.97 and Kan-Lab-Met.93	all since MB 96-3

 	phosphorus	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	potassium	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	selenium	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.96	all

 	sodium	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

 	zinc	Kan-Lab-Met.99 and Kan-Lab-Met.92	all

radionuclides	americium-241	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY 

 	barium-140	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	cesium-134	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	cesium-137	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	cobalt-60	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	iodine-131	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	lanthanum-140	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	potassium-40	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	radium-226	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	ruthenium-103	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	ruthenium-106	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	strontium-90	WEAC.RN.METHOD.2.0	at least 1 MB each FY

 	thorium-232	WEAC.RN.METHOD.3.0	at least 1 MB each FY

other	moisture	KAN-LAB.151	at least 1 MB each FY

 	folic acid	SRL/SOP/N/AM/4/1/94	last MB each FY

Analytical Results

Most TDS foods (except for some infant/toddler foods) are analyzed for
all   HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-ana.html"  elemental
analytes  (other than mercury) and radionuclides. For other analytes
(pesticides, industrial chemicals, and mercury) selected foods are
analyzed. Refer to the   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-food.html"  food/analyte matrix  to
determine which TDS foods are analyzed for each analyte group.

TDS foods are analyzed for elements, pesticides and industrial chemicals
in each market basket (MB); radionuclides are measured in only one MB
each year. Each MB is designated by the fiscal year and the specific
collection (1 through 4) for that year (e.g., MB 92-2 is the second
market basket in 1992).

TDS results from MB 91-3 to the present are reported below in two
formats:

summaries of all results from MB 91-3 to the present 

individual results for each market basket (MB) 

Notes on TDS analytical results:

An FDA evaluation has determined that the TDS method used in the Kansas
City District Office laboratory to measure benzene produces unreliable
results for benzene in some foods. Based on this evaluation, FDA
scientists recommend that benzene data be viewed with great caution,
while FDA considers removing these data from the TDS website. There is
no evidence of problems with other TDS data. See   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/benzqa.html" \l "q8"  Questions and
Answers on the Occurrence of Benzene in Soft Drinks and Other Beverages 
for more information. 

Data prior to MB 91-3 are not available in electronic format, but have
been published in numerous reports in the scientific literature; see the
  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tds-refs.html"  references 
associated with TDS history. 

Data Summaries (since MB 91-3), Adobe Acrobat pdf format

Summary of Toxic and Nutritional Elements Found in TDS Foods (available
in   HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~acrobat/tds1byel.pdf"  PDF ,
14 MB) 

Summary of Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals Found in TDS Foods: 

sorted by Food (available in   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~acrobat/tds1byfd.pdf"  PDF , 224 KB) 

sorted by Pesticide/Chemical (available in   HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~acrobat/tds1byps.pdf"  PDF , 238 KB) 

 

 

Individual Results (since 1991)

The following files include the individual analytical results associated
with each TDS market basket (MB) conducted since mid-1991. The files are
designated by the MB number (e.g., 92-2), indicating the fiscal year and
the specific collection (1 through 4) for that year.

For each MB, separate files have been created for elements,
radionuclides, and pesticides and industrial chemicals. A description of
the file structure for each group of analytes is provided below; please
review the file structures carefully before using the data files. Note
that all laboratory results (analyses of original samples as well as
those done for quality control) are reported for each MB. For element
analyses, original and quality control results are reported in separate
files.

The revision histories are also provided as separate files for elements
and radionuclides, indicating if and when the files were revised after
the original posting on the website and the nature of the revisions.
Dates for revisions to the pesticide/industrial chemical files are noted
in the table below.

Each file is a compressed, tab-delimited text file that can be
downloaded, decompressed (double-click the file or use Stuffit
Expander), and imported by database or spreadsheet software. Download
each file separately if you are interested in results from specific
market baskets. If you are interested in data from all market baskets,
the last file in each table will automatically decompress all the files.

Element Analyses	Radionuclide Analyses	Pesticides and

Industrial Chemicals

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tdselstr.html"  File
Structure 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tdsehis.html"  Revision
History 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tdsrnstr.html" 
File Structure 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tdsrnhis.html"  Revision
History 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~comm/tdspsstr.html" 
File Structure 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdseloal.exe"  MBs O
1991-2004 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselqal.exe"  MBs Q
1991-2004 	 	 

 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr052.exe"  MB 05-2
	 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo04.exe"  MBs O
2004 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq04.exe"  MBs Q
2004 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr043.exe"  MB
04-3 	 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo03.exe"  MBs O
2003 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq03.exe"  MBs Q
2003 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr031.exe"  MB
03-1 	 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo02.exe"  MBs O
2002 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq02.exe"  MBs Q
2002 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr021.exe"  MB
02-1 	 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo01.exe"  MBs O
2001 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq01.exe"  MBs Q
2001 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/download/tdsr011.exe"  MB
01-1 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps014.exe"  MB
01-4  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps013.exe"  MB
01-3  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps012.exe"  MB
01-2  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps001.exe"  MB
01-1  

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo00.exe"  MBs O
2000 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq00.exe"  MBs Q
2000 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr001.exe"  MB
00-1 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps004.exe"  MB
00-4  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps003.exe"  MB
00-3  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps002.exe"  MB
00-2  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps001.exe"  MB
00-1  

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo99.exe"  MBs O
1999 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq99.exe"  MBs Q
1999 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps993.exe" 
MB 99-3  

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps992.exe"  MB
99-2  

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr991.exe"  MB 99-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps991.exe"  MB 99-1  

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo98.exe"  MBs O
1998 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq98.exe"  MBs Q
1998 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps984.exe" 
MB 98-4  

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps983.exe"  MB
98-3  

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps982.exe"  MB
98-2  

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr981.exe"  MB 98-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps981.exe"  MB 98-1  

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo97.exe"  MBs O
1997 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq97.exe"  MBs Q
1997 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps974.exe" 
MB 97-4  

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps973.exe"  MB
97-3  

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps972.exe"  MB
97-2  

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr971.exe"  MB 97-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps971.exe"  MB 97-1 

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo96.exe"  MBs O
1996 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq96.exe"  MBs Q
1996 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps964.exe" 
MB 96-4 

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps963.exe"  MB
96-3 

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps962.exe"  MB
96-2 

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr961.exe"  MB 96-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps961.exe"  MB 96-1 

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo95.exe"  MBs O
1995 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq95.exe"  MBs Q
1995 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps953.exe" 
MB 95-3 

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps952.exe"  MB
95-2 

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr951.exe"  MB 95-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps951.exe"  MB 95-1 

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo94.exe"  MBs O
1994 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq94.exe"  MBs Q
1994 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps944.exe" 
MB 94-4 

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps943.exe"  MB
94-3 

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps942.exe"  MB
94-2 

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr941.exe"  MB 94-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps941.exe"  MB 94-1 

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo93.exe"  MBs O
1993 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq93.exe"  MBs Q
1993 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps933.exe" 
MB 93-3 

(Rev A 6/03)

	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps932.exe"  MB
93-2 

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr931.exe"  MB 93-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps931.exe"  MB 93-1 

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo92.exe"  MBs O
1992 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq92.exe"  MBs Q
1992 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps922.exe" 
MB 92-2 

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsr921.exe"  MB 92-1 	
 HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps921.exe"  MB 92-1 

(Rev A 6/03)

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselo91.exe"  MBs O
1991 

  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdselq91.exe"  MBs Q
1991 	 	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsps913.exe" 
MB 91-3 

(Rev A 6/03)

	  HYPERLINK "http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdsrall.exe"  MBs

92-1 - 05-2 	  HYPERLINK
"http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~download/tdspsall.exe"  MBs

  HYPERLINK "mailto:William.Baczynskyj@fda.hhs.gov" 
William.Baczynskyj@fda.hhs.gov .

References

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Concentrations in Food: FDA Total Diet Study 1991-1996, J. AOAC Int.
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Cunningham, W.C., Stroube, W.B., and Baratta, E.J. (1989). Radionuclides
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Cunningham, W.C., Anderson, D.L., and Baratta, E.J. (1994).
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Egan, S.K. (2002). FDA's Total Diet Study: Monitoring U.S. Food Supply
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Egan, S.K., Tao, S.S-H., Pennington, J.A.T., and Bolger, P.M. (2002).
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Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (1995). Food and Drug Administration
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FDA (1996). Food and Drug Administration pesticide program - residue
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FDA (1997). Food and Drug Administration pesticide program - residue
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FDA (1998). Food and Drug Administration pesticide program - residue
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FDA (1999). Food and Drug Administration pesticide program - residue
monitoring - 1998, FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition,  
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FDA (2000). Food and Drug Admnistration pesticide program - residue
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FDA (2002). Food and Drug Administration pesticide program - residue
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FDA (2003). Food and Drug Administration pesticide program - residue
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Gunderson, E.L. (1988). FDA Total Diet Study, April 1982-April 1984,
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Gunderson, E.L. (1995a). Dietary Intake of Pesticides, Selected
Elements, and Other Chemicals: FDA Total Diet Study, June 1984-April
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Gunderson, E.L. (1995b). Dietary Intake of Pesticides, Selected
Elements, and Other Chemicals: FDA Total Diet Study, July 1986-April
1991. J. AOAC Int. 78(6):1353-1363. 

Pennington, J.A.T., and Gunderson, E.L. (1987). History of the Food and
Drug Administration's Total Diet Study-1961 to 1987, J. Assoc. Off.
Anal. Chem. 70, 772-782 

Pennington, J.A.T. (1992). Appendices for the 1990 Revision of the Food
and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study, PB92-176239/AS, National
Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, USA 

Pennington, J.A.T., and Schoen, S.A. (1995). Estimates of Dietary
Exposure to Aluminium, Food Addit. Contam. 12(1), 119-128. 

Pennington, J.A.T., Schoen, S.A., Salmon, G.D., Young, B., Johnson, R.D,
and Marts R.W. (1995a). Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food
Supply, 1982-1991. I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium. J. Food Comp.
Anal. 8:91-128. 

Pennington, J.A.T., Schoen, S.A., Salmon, G.D., Young, B., Johnson, R.D,
and Marts R.W. (1995b). Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food
Supply, 1982-1991. II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc. J. Food Comp.
Anal. 8:129-169. 

Pennington, J.A.T., Schoen, S.A., Salmon, G.D., Young, B., Johnson, R.D,
and Marts R.W. (1995c). Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food
Supply, 1982-1991. III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine. J. Food
Comp. Anal. 8:171-217. 

Pennington, J.A.T., Capar, S.G., Parfitt, C.H., and Edwards, C.W.
(1996). History of the Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study
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U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Human Nutrition Information
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