Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2005-0172-0046
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2005-08-03T04:00Z

II.
D.
2
­
Page
1
of
9
II.
D
Appendices:
Drinking
Water
Exposure
2.
Summary
of
State
Monitoring
for
N­
Methyl
Carbamates
The
EPA
Office
of
Pesticide
Programs
(
OPP)
contacted
the
lead
pesticide
agencies
in
each
state
during
the
summer
of
2004
to
determine
whether
any
of
the
N­
methyl
carbamates
(
NMC)
in
this
cumulative
assessment
group
have
been
included
in
ground­
or
surface­
water
monitoring
programs
over
the
last
decade.
When
monitoring
programs
were
performed
by
agencies
other
than
the
lead
pesticide
agency,
OPP
contacted
them
as
well.
If
NMC
monitoring
data
were
available
for
a
particular
state,
OPP
inquired
whether
the
data
could
be
accessed
via
the
Internet.
Many
state
agencies
offered
to
provide
data
if
information
has
not
yet
been
made
available
online.

The
majority
of
State
monitoring
programs
included
few,
if
any,
NMCs
in
their
analysis.
The
majority
of
States
have
focused
monitoring
efforts
on
ground­
water
monitoring,
particularly
monitoring
of
five
herbicides
under
the
Pesticide
Management
Plan.
With
few
exceptions,
State
monitoring
programs
have
not
specifically
been
targeted
to
the
areas
and
timing
of
NMC
application.
Because
of
this,
and
because
many
NMCs
are
not
required
by
the
Safe
Water
Act
to
be
included
as
analytes
in
drinking
water
sampling,
data
from
State
monitoring
programs
are
used
as
important
supplemental
data
for
the
NMC
cumulative
drinking­
water
risk
assessment.

One
exception
to
his
is
private
well
monitoring
data
conducted
by
the
Florida
Department
of
Environmental
Protection
(
FL
DEP),
which
proved
to
be
valuable
in
developing
and
evaluating
the
ground­
water
modeling
approach
the
Agency
used
for
this
cumulative
exposure
assessment.

This
is
a
draft
appendix
which
includes
only
brief
summaries
of
state
monitoring
programs
pertinent
to
the
NMC
CRA.
It
does
not
include
any
analyses
or
discussion
of
data.
Such
work
will
be
included
in
the
revised
NMC
CRA,
which
is
expected
to
be
released
by
the
end
of
2005.
The
status
of
those
State
programs
which
responded
to
the
Agency's
queries
is
summarized
below.

Arizona
Wang
Yu
of
the
Arizona
Department
of
Environmental
Quality
Groundwater
Monitoring
Unit
provided
a
data
set
based
on
statewide
monitoring
efforts
routinely
undertaken
by
the
Pesticide
Contamination
Prevention
Program
and
Ambient
Groundwater
Monitoring
Program
of
ADEQ.
There
were
very
few
detections
of
carbamates
in
the
last
decade
of
monitoring
data.

Arkansas
Charles
Armstrong
of
the
Arkansas
State
Plant
Board
Pesticides
Division
said
that
they
monitor
for
carbamates
but
they
have
never
had
any
detections.
II.
D.
2
­
Page
2
of
9
Colorado
Greg
Naugle,
the
Groundwater
Quality
Coordinator
for
the
Colorado
Department
of
Public
Health
and
Environment,
sent
a
summary
of
the
carbamate
sampling
conducted
by
the
Colorado
Agricultural
Chemicals
in
Groundwater
Program.
The
carbamate
screen
that
was
run
included
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
carbofuran,
3­
hydroxycarbofuran,
methiocarb,
methomyl,
1­
napthol,
oxamyl
(
vydate),
and
propoxur
(
baygon).

Mr.
Naugle
reported
that
since
1992,
the
program
has
analyzed
approximately
570
samples
with
detection
limits
varying
between
about
0.23
and
4
ppb.
To
date,
no
samples
have
been
analyzed
with
concentrations
above
the
detection
limit.

Michael
Lewis,
a
Water­
Quality
Specialist
with
the
U.
S.
Geological
Survey,
Water
Resources
Division
Colorado
District,
sent
two
spreadsheets
with
separate
statewide
pulls
from
the
database
for
GW
and
SW
data.
He
also
said
that
the
data
is
most
likely
limited
to
the
South
Platte
and
Upper
Colorado
NAWQA
study
units.

The
spreadsheets
contain
all
available
carbamate
data
for
ground
water
and
surface
water
sites
sampled
by
the
USGS
WRD
in
Colorado
from
01/
1990
through
06/
2004.
The
spreadsheets
are
formatted
to
highlight
the
"
hits",
which
he
believes
are
all
reported
as
estimated
(
E)
concentrations.
These
typically
are
for
carbaryl
and
carbofuran.
The
values
are
reported
as
estimated,
because
of
variable
method
performance
with
the
analytical
method.

Mr.
Lewis
also
noted
that
any
data
reported
for
the
2004
water
year
(
October
1,
2003­
present)
should
be
considered
provisional
and
subject
to
revision
pending
final
review
and
approval
by
the
USGS.

Florida
Andrew
Priest
of
the
Florida
Department
of
Environmental
Protection
provided
the
agency
with
two
spreadsheets.
The
carbamates
that
the
Florida
DEP
monitors
for
in
groundwater
are
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
carbofuran,
3­
hydroxycarbofuran,
methiocarb,
methomyl,
oxamyl,
and
propoxur
(
baygon).
Mr.
Priest
stated
that
they
have
taken
over
6,000
samples
and
no
carbamates
have
been
detected
except
for
aldicarb.

Dr.
Chris
Wilson,
an
Environmental
Toxicologist
at
the
University
of
Florida's
Indian
River
Research
and
Education
Center,
conducted
a
study
to
monitor
pesticides
in
a
surface
water
body
located
in
a
citrus
rich
region
of
southeast
Florida.
For
the
study,
Dr.
Wilson's
team
collected
one
water
sample
daily
at
the
discharge
point
for
the
small
agricultural
watershed
over
a
one­
year
period.
They
analyzed
the
samples
for
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
carbofuran,
methiocarb,
methomyl,
II.
D.
2
­
Page
3
of
9
oxamyl,
and
propoxur.
Dr.
Wilson
stated
that
his
team
has
a
manuscript
that
has
been
accepted
by
the
Bulletin
of
Environmental
Contamination
and
Toxicology
detailing
the
results
for
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
and
aldicarb
sulfone.
He
said
that,
based
on
separate
field
studies
conducted,
they
have
found
that
aldicarb
has
a
half­
life
of
2­
4
days
in
Florida
surface
waters.
Dr.
Wilson's
team
also
detected
carbaryl,
methomyl
and
oxamyl
in
a
few
samples.
In
addition
to
the
carbamates,
they
have
also
monitored
for
organophosphates
and
copper.
He
supplied
the
agency
with
the
poster
that
he
presented
at
a
local
watershed
meeting
in
early
2004
that
gives
a
better
explanation.
The
team
is
hoping
to
publish
the
other
data
towards
the
end
of
2004.

Georgia
Steve
Cole
of
the
Georgia
Department
of
Agriculture
Pesticide
Division
reported
that
their
lab
is
currently
running
Method
525.5
for
groundwater
samples.
This
method
recovers
carbamates,
but
the
detection
method
the
lab
is
using
to
screen
for
the
five
target
analytes
(
GC/
XSD)
does
not
detect
carbamates.
Therefore,
they
have
no
data
on
carbamates
for
the
last
18
months
or
so.
In
the
past,
the
department
did
monitor
for
carbamates
and
had
no
detects.
Mr.
Cole
supplied
a
list
of
detects
from
the
program
in
2001
and
2002.
They
had
no
pesticide
detects
in
2003
and
the
2004
samples
are
still
being
analyzed.

Illinois
Anthony
Dulka
of
the
Illinois
Environmental
Protection
Agency
Bureau
of
Water,
Groundwater
Section,
provided
the
list
of
EPA
methods
that
they
use
to
test
for
groundwater
SOCs.
Carbamates
are
not
included
in
these
tests.

Ms.
Jeri
Long
from
the
Drinking
Water
Compliance
Unit
of
the
Illinois
Environmental
Protection
Agency
supplied
5
spreadsheets
with
monitoring
data
from
all
Illinois
community
water
systems
on
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbofuran,
and
oxamyl.

Indiana
Ryan
McDuffee
from
the
Indiana
Department
of
Environmental
Management,
Office
of
Water
Quality,
reported
that
their
extensive
surface
water
monitoring
of
pesticides
was
a
5
year
program
that
was
conducted
from
1997
to
2001.
He
sent
the
laboratory
data
and
the
parameters
that
were
included
in
the
analysis;
no
carbamates
were
included.
Currently
they
are
conducting
limited
surface
water
monitoring
of
pesticides
associated
with
their
fixed
station
monitoring.
He
also
provided
the
list
of
parameters
that
are
being
analyzed,
which
did
not
include
carbamates.

George
Neely
from
the
Indiana
Department
of
Environmental
Management,
Drinking
Water
Branch,
provided
the
agency
with
information
and
data
from
the
Drinking
Water
Compliance
database
for
Indiana.
The
database
contains
point
of
entry
II.
D.
2
­
Page
4
of
9
data
(
after
treatment)
for
Public
Water
Systems.
The
data
that
Mr.
Neely
supplied
the
agency
only
includes
ground
water
systems
and
covers
the
period
from1993
to
the
present.

Mr.
Neely
reported
that
Indiana
has
656
Community
ground
water
systems
and
690
non­
transient,
non­
community
(
NTNC)
ground
water
systems.
He
also
noted
that
"
transient"
public
water
systems
are
not
included
in
the
data
because
these
systems
are
not
required
to
sample
regulated
SOCs.

The
Indiana
drinking
water
database
has
data
on
seven
of
the
carbamates
and
five
of
the
carbamates
are
on
the
"
unregulated
SOC"
list
for
Indiana.
These
are
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
and
methomyl
.
After
the
initial
sampling
for
unregulated
SOCs
,
systems
are
not
required
to
submit
these
again.
However,
Mr.
Neely
reported
that
roughly
50%
of
the
systems
submit
both
regulated
and
unregulated
every
time
they
sample
for
SOCs
and
therefore
a
significant
amount
of
data
on
these
carbamates
exists
in
the
database.
The
other
two
carbamates,
carbofuran
and
oxamyl
(
vydate),
are
both
included
on
the
list
of
regulated
SOCs
for
Indiana.
Therefore,
Indiana's
database
has
the
most
information
on
these
two
contaminants.

Mr.
Neely
stated
that
the
most
common
SOC
sampling
frequency
for
ground
water
systems
in
Indiana
is
once
every
three
years
or
once
during
each
compliance
period.
He
noted
that
there
are
only
four
entries
that
show
a
carbamate
detection
in
the
database,
and
the
last
detection
was
in
1997.
The
following
four
carbamates
were
each
detected
one
time
over
the
last
11
years:
methomyl,
oxamyl
(
vydate),
carbofuran,
and
aldicarb.
For
the
group
of
5
carbamates
(
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
and
methomyl)
on
the
unregulated
SOC
list,
a
total
of
2970
samples
have
been
recorded
since
1993
with
"
zero"
results,
and
only
two
samples
have
had
detections.
For
the
two
carbamates
on
the
regulated
list
(
carbofuran
and
oxamyl),
a
total
of
6849
samples
have
been
recorded
since
1993
with
"
zero"
results,
and
only
two
samples
have
had
detections.

Kentucky
Tom
VanArsdall,
the
Water
Quality
Branch
Manager
of
the
Kentucky
Department
for
Environmental
Protection,
reported
that
they
sample
carbamates
using
Method
531.1
at
many
of
their
70
long­
term
ambient
sites
and
at
approximately
20­
25
rotating
watershed
sites
every
year.
Also,
Mr.
VanArsdall
said
they
try
to
collect
them
in
sediments
at
the
same
sites,
but
lately
they
have
not
always
collected
the
sediments.
Water
quality
data
are
in
STORET
for
the
long­
term
sites
and
currently
being
loaded
for
the
rotating
watershed
sites.

Louisiana
Leslie
LeMon
from
the
Safe
Drinking
Water
Program
of
the
Louisiana
Department
of
Health
and
Hospitals
will
provide
a
data
set
to
the
agency.
II.
D.
2
­
Page
5
of
9
Massachusetts
Damon
Guterman
from
the
Drinking
Water
Program
of
the
Massachusetts
Department
of
Environmental
Protection
provided
the
agency
with
a
spreadsheet
of
the
seven
carbamates
that
are
included
in
their
Safe
Drinking
Water
Act
monitoring
program
(
five
were
part
of
the
previous
unregulated
SOC
list).
These
include
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
carbofuran,
methomyl,
and
oxamyl
(
vydate).
Only
14
total
detections
were
made
over
the
last
decade.

Mr.
Guterman
stated
that
"
the
Drinking
Water
Program
makes
every
attempt
to
ensure
that
this
data
is
accurate,
complete
and
current.
However,
no
guarantee
is
given
that
this
data
is
error
free.
In
addition,
since
updates
and
corrections
are
occurring
at
all
times
this
data
is
time
sensitive.
Any
published
use
of
this
data
should
include
this
disclaimer
and
acknowledge
the
Massachusetts
Department
of
Environmental
Protection,
Drinking
Water
Program."

Michigan
Sainey
Drammeh,
from
the
Department
of
Information
Technology
of
the
Michigan
Department
of
Environmental
Quality,
provided
the
agency
with
monitoring
data
from
1994
to
present.
Ms.
Drammeh
stated
that
this
monitoring
was
conducted
to
ensure
that
the
state's
water
quality
is
up
to
EPA
standards.
The
data
set
includes
drinking
water,
ground
water,
and
surface
water.

Dennis
Bush
from
the
Water
Division
of
Michigan
Department
of
Environmental
Quality
stated
that
they
do
not
routinely
monitor
for
carbamates
in
their
surface
water
program.
In
1997,
Mr.
Bush
co­
wrote
a
staff
report
which
summarized
the
results
of
some
pesticide
analysis
which
was
conducted
in
1992
for
some
of
the
tributaries
to
the
Saginaw
Bay.
Here
is
the
summary
he
provided
the
agency:
"
In
1992,
a
total
of
103
water
samples
were
collected
from
the
Saginaw
Bay
watershed.
The
samples
were
collected
primarily
from
the
mouths
of
27
tributaries
to
the
Saginaw
Bay.
The
samples
were
analyzed
for
27
pesticides.
Carbofuran,
the
only
carbamate
pesticide
studied,
was
detected
in
16
out
of
the
103
samples
at
concentrations
ranging
from
0.54
to
4.04
ug/
L
(
the
detection
limit
for
carbofuran
was
0.5
ug/
L)."

Mr.
Bush
also
referred
the
agency
to
a
paper
published
by
USGS
(
Environ.
Sci.
Technol.
2002.
36:
1202­
1211)
which
looked
at
pharmaceuticals
and
pesticides
throughout
the
country.
He
said
they
analyzed
for
carbaryl
in
the
Boardman
River
in
Michigan.

Missouri
II.
D.
2
­
Page
6
of
9
Dianne
Holtmeyer
of
the
Public
Drinking
Water
Branch
of
the
Missouri
Department
of
Natural
Resources
provided
the
agency
with
a
data
set
that
contains
the
results
for
monitoring
conducted
using
Method
531
from
1995
until
mid­
May
2004
on
surface
and
ground
water.
There
were
no
detections
of
carbamates.

Nevada
Jon
Carpenter,
the
Groundwater
Program
Coordinator
for
the
Nevada
Department
of
Agriculture,
said
he
would
look
at
the
data
and
get
back
to
the
agency.
He
said
he
was
almost
certain
they
haven't
detected
any
carbamates
though.
(
6­
29­
04)

New
Hampshire
Pat
Bickford
from
the
New
Hampshire
Department
of
Environmental
Services
provided
the
agency
with
a
data
set
for
public
water
systems
from
1996
to
2004.
The
department
monitors
for
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
carbaryl,
carbofuran,
methomyl,
oxamyl,
and
3­
hydroxycarbofuran.
Based
on
this
data
set,
there
have
been
no
carbamate
detections.
Ms.
Bickford
also
stated
that
she
had
no
way
to
tell
if
it
was
surface
or
ground
water
for
each
field.
She
advised
the
agency
that
this
data
was
generated
by
the
Department
of
Environmental
Service's
laboratory
only
and
that
public
water
systems
can
use
any
accredited
commercial
labs.
Any
hits
from
public
water
systems
using
these
labs
would
be
in
the
Water
Supply
Engineering
Bureau's
database.

New
York
Jeff
Myers,
the
Director
of
the
Bureau
of
Water
Assessment
and
Management
for
the
New
York
State
Department
of
Environmental
Conservation,
stated
that
they
have
conducted
very
little
sampling
for
carbamates
and
have
never
had
any
"
hits."

North
Carolina
Dr.
Henry
Wade,
who
is
the
Environmental
Programs
Manager
of
the
North
Carolina
Department
of
Agriculture
and
Consumer
Services,
Pesticide
Section,
reported
that
from
1991­
1995
they
tested
water
samples
from
shallow
groundwater
monitoring
wells
across
the
state.
Dr.
Wade
stated
they
had
13
wells
on
different
farms
where
aldicarb
was
used
within
300
feet
of
the
wells
up
to
5
years
before
the
water
samples
were
collected.
There
were
no
detections
of
aldicarb
or
its
degradates.
Some
new
shallow
monitoring
wells
were
installed
on
one
farm
where
the
department
had
previously
tested
for
pesticides.
In
January
1996,
they
had
detections
in
3
wells:
G73:
aldicarb
sulfoxide
7.4
ppb;
aldicarb
sulfone
3.2
ppb
G212:
aldicarb
sulfoxide
1.0
ppb;
aldicarb
sulfone
1.0
ppb
G215:
aldicarb
sulfoxide
3.0
ppb;
aldicarb
sulfone
1.5
ppb
II.
D.
2
­
Page
7
of
9
These
wells
were
sampled
again
in
March
and
July
of
1996
and
twice
in
1998.
The
two
aldicarb
degradates
were
not
detected.

Also
from
1991­
1995,
Mr.
Wade
reported
they
had
20
wells
on
farms
where
carbaryl
was
used,
6
wells
on
farms
where
carbofuran
was
used,
and
13
wells
on
farms
where
methomyl
was
used.
These
pesticides
were
not
detected
in
any
of
the
sampling.

Jim
Blose
from
the
Division
of
Water
Quality
of
the
North
Carolina
Department
of
Environment
and
Natural
Resources
provided
findings
from
limited
pesticide
analyses
that
were
carried
out
for
a
series
of
watershed
investigations.
Mr.
Blose
reported
that
the
only
two
carbamates
analyzed
were
carbaryl
and
carbofuran.
Both
baseflow
and
storm
samples
were
collected.
Mr.
Blose
reported
that
carbaryl
was
detected
in
one
of
the
ten
watershed
studies
(
detection
at
two
sites
during
a
single
storm
event)
and
carbofuran
was
not
detected.
The
highest
concentration
of
carbaryl
observed
was
3.62
ug/
L.
Mr.
Blose
provided
a
file
that
contains
site
information
only
for
the
two
locations
where
carbaryl
was
detected.

South
Carolina
Kathy
Stecker,
from
the
South
Carolina
Department
of
Health
and
Environmental
Control,
Bureau
of
Water,
confirmed
that
South
Carolina
does
not
monitor
for
carbamates
in
their
ambient
surface
water
monitoring
program.
The
website
with
the
list
of
parameters
sampled
by
the
program,
including
pesticides,
is
http://
www.
scdhec.
net/
eqc/
water/
pubs/
appd.
pdf.

Peter
Stone
from
the
South
Carolina
Department
of
Health
and
Environmental
Control,
Bureau
of
Water,
will
supply
the
agency
with
drinking
water
information.

Jerry
Moore
from
the
South
Carolina
Department
of
Pesticide
Regulation
reported
that
they
only
test
for
aldicarb,
carbaryl,
and
carbofuran.
He
said
the
department
has
been
monitoring
groundwater
for
these
compounds
since
1991
(
approximately
2500
samples
from
private
wells),
and
they
have
had
no
detections
thus
far.
Their
detection
limits
are
not
very
low
for
the
carbamates,
and
he
was
not
sure
about
the
lower
detection
limits
for
their
lab.

South
Dakota
Trish
Kindt
from
the
South
Dakota
Department
of
Environment
and
Natural
Resources
reported
that
their
ambient
surface
water
quality
monitoring
program
does
not
include
pesticide
sampling.

Matthew
Noonan,
a
Hydrologist
from
the
South
Dakota
Geological
Survey,
reported
that
carbofuran
is
the
only
carbamate
that
they
test
for
in
South
Dakota.
He
supplied
the
agency
with
a
link
to
a
publication
with
the
results
of
ground
water
testing
from
1989­
1997,
on
page
34
there
is
a
list
of
the
pesticides
that
were
tested
for
during
this
time
period.
(
http://
jurassic2.
sdgs.
usd.
edu/
pubs/
pdf/
UR­
89%
20­%
20text.
pdf)
II.
D.
2
­
Page
8
of
9
Mr.
Noonan
also
noted
that
their
web
page
has
a
database
of
the
results
from
ground
water
testing
and
it
is
searchable
by
location
and
well
name,
as
well
as
several
other
parameters.
(
http://
www.
sdgs.
usd.
edu/
database_
selection.
html)
He
also
sent
a
list
of
the
pesticides
that
the
South
Dakota
Geological
Survey
is
testing
for
in
2004.
Carbofuran
is
the
only
carbamate
on
the
list.

Texas
Alan
Cherepon,
who
is
a
Resource
Conservation
Specialist
for
the
Texas
Commission
on
Environmental
Quality,
reported
that
they
keep
the
Interagency
Pesticide
Database
(
IPD)
for
Texas
within
their
agency's
FIFRA
Grant
group;
however,
they
hope
to
make
it
available
in
the
future,
possibly
on
a
website.
He
searched
the
database
of
nearly
20,000
analytes
and
found
that
aldicarb
(
total)
is
the
only
carbamate
that
has
ever
been
monitored
in
the
past.
However,
they
do
not
regularly
monitor
for
carbamates
because
their
standard
EPA
Method
525.5
analysis
run
on
the
samples
does
not
include
carbamates.

Mr.
Cherepon
reported
that
aldicarb
(
total)
was
sampled
by
Rone
Poulenc
in
1979,
1987,
and
1988.
He
also
found
3
other
carbamates
sampled
for
and
analyzed
by
the
USGS
in
1993­
1994,
which
include
methiocarb,
oxamyl,
and
propoxur.

Mr.
Cherepon
stated
that
the
USGS
samples
are
from
around
the
Fort
Worth
area,
while
the
Rone
Poulenc
has
no
specific
locations
indicated.
There
are
no
detects
indicated;
however,
these
were
taken
long
enough
ago
that
detection
levels
may
have
been
much
higher
than
they
are
now,
as
is
the
case
with
many
of
the
pesticides
that
they
typically
monitor
for.
Mr.
Cherepon
stated
that
around
1998­
1999,
they
started
using
Method
525.2
Mr.
Cherepon
also
reported
that
the
Public
Drinking
Water
Program
does
not
monitor
for
any
carbamates
because
they
use
the
same
method
of
analysis,
EPA
Method
525.2.

Gary
Regner
from
the
Public
Drinking
Water
Section
of
the
Texas
Commission
on
Environmental
Quality
provided
the
agency
with
drinking
water
monitoring
data.
Mr.
Regner
reported
that
Texas
no
longer
monitors
drinking
water
for
carbamates,
but
they
have
in
the
past
with
EPA
method
531.
When
the
carbamates
were
monitored
in
the
past,
they
were
part
of
the
SOC4
chemical
analysis
group.
This
group
included
aldicarb
sulfoxide,
aldicarb
sulfone,
oxamyl,
aldicarb,
carbofuran,
methomyl,
3­
hydroxycarbofuran,
baygon,
carbaryl,
and
methiocarb.
Mr.
Regner
reported
that
of
the
6183
samples
collected
over
the
time
period
of
roughly
1992
to
2002,
there
were
no
carbamate
detections.
Samples
were
collected
at
public
water
systems
from
entry
points.
Mr.
Regner
reported
that
this
is
treated
drinking
water
before
it
enters
the
distribution
system.

Washington
II.
D.
2
­
Page
9
of
9
Ginny
Stern
and
Jack
Eden
of
the
Washington
Department
of
Health
supplied
a
data
set
of
carbamate
monitoring
data
from
January
1996
to
December
of
2003.
This
monitoring
data
mainly
consists
of
groundwater,
but
includes
several
surface
water
samples,
and
focuses
on
pre­
determined
at­
risk
water
bodies
used
for
drinking
water.

West
Virginia
Doug
Hudson,
from
the
West
Virginia
Department
of
Agriculture,
reported
that
they
have
conducted
carbamate
groundwater
monitoring
in
the
past
and
have
never
had
any
detections.