Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPPT-2010-0518-0001
Agency: epa
Document Type: Proposed Rule
Title: Revised ASTM Standards that Provide Flexibility in Use of Alternatives to Mercury-Containing Thermometers
Posted Date: 2011-01-12T05:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 8 (Wednesday, January 12, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 2056-2066]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-246]

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

 40 CFR Parts 49, 60, 63, 75, 86, 89, 92, 94, 761, and 1065

[EPA-HQ-OPPT-2010-0518; FRL-8846-6]
RIN 2070-AJ51

Incorporation of Revised ASTM Standards That Provide Flexibility 
in the Use of Alternatives to Mercury-Containing Thermometers; 
Solicitation of Public Comment on the Required Use of Mercury-
Containing Thermometers in EPA Regulations

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to incorporate the most recent versions of 
the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International 
standards (ASTM standards) into EPA regulations that provide 
flexibility to use alternatives to mercury-containing industrial 
thermometers. These proposed amendments will allow the use of such 
alternatives in certain limited field and laboratory applications 
previously impermissible as part of compliance with EPA regulations. 
Additionally, EPA is seeking public input on the need to address the 
remaining EPA regulations that incorporate by reference ASTM standards 
that do not allow the use of alternatives to mercury-containing 
industrial thermometers. EPA believes these embedded ASTM standards may 
unnecessarily impede the use of effective, comparable, and available 
mercury alternatives. Due to elemental mercury's high toxicity, EPA 
seeks to reduce potential mercury exposures to humans and the 
environment by reducing the overall use of mercury-containing products, 
including mercury-containing thermometers.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 14, 2011.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by docket identification 
(ID) number EPA-HQ-OPPT-2010-0518 by one of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments.
     Mail: Document Control Office (7407M), Office of Pollution 
Prevention and Toxics (OPPT), Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001.
     Hand Delivery: OPPT Document Control Office (DCO), EPA 
East Bldg., Rm. 6428, 1201 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. 
Attention: Docket ID Number EPA-HQ-OPPT-2010-0518. The DCO is open from 
8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The 
telephone number for the DCO is (202) 564-8930. Such deliveries are 
only accepted during the DCO's normal hours of operation, and special 
arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPPT-
2010-0518. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the docket without change and may be made available on-line at 
http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you 
consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through regulations.gov or e-
mail. The regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, 
which means EPA will not know your identity or contact information 
unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an e-
mail comment directly to EPA without going through regulations.gov, 
your e-mail address will be automatically captured and included as part 
of the comment that is placed in the docket and made available

[[Page 2057]]

on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends 
that you include your name and other contact information in the body of 
your comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read 
your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for 
clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic 
files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of 
encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses.
    Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the docket index 
available at http://www.regulations.gov. Although listed in the index, 
some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other 
material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only 
in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available 
electronically at http://www.regulations.gov, or, if only available in 
hard copy, at the OPPT Docket. The OPPT Docket is located in the EPA 
Docket Center (EPA/DC), Rm. 3334, EPA West Bldg., 1301 Constitution 
Ave., NW., Washington, DC. The EPA/DC Public Reading Room hours of 
operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding 
legal holidays. The telephone number of the EPA/DC Public Reading Room 
is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the OPPT Docket is 
(202) 566-0280. Docket visitors are required to show photographic 
identification, pass through a metal detector, and sign the EPA visitor 
log. All visitor bags are processed through an X-ray machine and 
subject to search. Visitors will be provided an EPA/DC badge that must 
be visible at all times in the building and returned upon departure.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For technical information contact: 
Robert Courtnage, National Program Chemicals Division (7404T), Office 
of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, 
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001; telephone 
number: (202) 566-1081; e-mail address: courtnage.robert@epa.gov.
    For general information contact: The TSCA-Hotline, ABVI-Goodwill, 
422 South Clinton Ave., Rochester, NY 14620; telephone number: (202) 
554-1404; e-mail address: TSCA-Hotline@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. Does this action apply to me?

    You may be potentially affected by this action if you use mercury-
containing thermometers in laboratories, for field analysis, or for 
other industrial applications. Potentially affected entities may 
include, but are not limited to:
     Testing Laboratories (NAICS code 541380).
     Petroleum Refineries (NAICS code 324110).
     Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing (NAICS code 
334516).
    This listing is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides 
a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this 
action. Other types of entities not listed in this unit could also be 
affected. The North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) 
codes have been provided to assist you and others in determining 
whether this action might apply to certain entities. If you have any 
questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular 
entity, consult the technical person listed under FOR FURTHER 
INFORMATION CONTACT.

B. What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA?

    1. Submitting CBI. Do not submit this information to EPA through 
regulations.gov or e-mail. Clearly mark the part or all of the 
information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or 
CD-ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD-ROM 
that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD-ROM as CBI and 
then identify electronically within the disk or CD-ROM the specific 
information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one complete version 
of the comment that includes information claimed as CBI, a copy of the 
comment that does not contain the information claimed as CBI must be 
submitted for inclusion in the public docket. Information so marked 
will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 
40 CFR part 2.
    2. Tips for preparing your comments. When submitting comments, 
remember to:
    i. Identify the document by docket ID number and other identifying 
information (subject heading, Federal Register date and page number).
    ii. Follow directions. The Agency may ask you to respond to 
specific questions or organize comments by referencing a Code of 
Federal Regulations (CFR) part or section number.
    iii. Explain why you agree or disagree; suggest alternatives and 
substitute language for your requested changes.
    iv. Describe any assumptions and provide any technical information 
and/or data that you used.
    v. If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you 
arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be 
reproduced.
    vi. Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns and 
suggest alternatives.
    vii. Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of 
profanity or personal threats.
    viii. Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period 
deadline identified.

II. Background

A. What action is the Agency taking?

    EPA's action is part of a more expansive Agency initiative to 
reduce the use of mercury-containing products to help prevent 
unnecessary human and environmental exposures to elemental mercury. EPA 
is proposing to incorporate revised ASTM standards that provide 
flexibility to use alternatives to mercury-containing industrial 
thermometers as part of complying with EPA regulatory requirements. 
Separately, EPA is soliciting responses from the public to specific 
questions (see Unit II.B.) relating to the need to revise the remaining 
ASTM standards embedded within EPA regulations that require the use of 
mercury-containing thermometers. EPA is specifically interested in 
public responses that address the benefits of providing flexibility to 
use mercury-containing thermometer alternatives and whether the 
remaining EPA regulations that require the use of mercury-containing 
thermometers could be revised or whether mercury-containing 
thermometers are needed for their accuracy and performance.
    Mercury exposures can harm the brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, and 
immune system. Most human exposure to mercury is through the 
consumption of fish containing methylmercury. Exposure to methylmercury 
through ingestion can harm the normal development of the nervous 
system, resulting in learning disabilities. Elemental mercury and other 
forms of mercury from industrial sources are deposited from the air and 
are converted into methylmercury. Mercury exposures can also occur by 
the inhalation of elemental mercury from the breakage or improper 
disposal of mercury-containing products such as mercury-containing 
thermometers. Inhalation exposure of elemental mercury can lead to 
neurotoxic and developmental neurotoxic effects.
    Following a thorough search, the Agency determined that certain EPA

[[Page 2058]]

regulations reference ASTM standards that require the use of mercury-
containing thermometers for certain temperature measurement 
applications. EPA seeks to provide the regulated community with the 
flexibility to use mercury-free alternatives, where feasible, 
comparable, and available. This action proposes to update EPA 
regulations to incorporate three specific ASTM standards (D5865-10, 
D445-09, and D93-09) that allow for the use of alternatives to mercury-
containing thermometers. EPA is proposing to update these ASTM 
standards where they are referenced in regulations pursuant to the 
Clean Air Act (CAA) and the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 
(certain sections of 40 CFR parts 49, 60, 63, 75, 86, 89, 92, 94, 761, 
and 1065). One of the incorporated ASTM standards (D5865-10) requires 
the use of a mercury-free device while the other two standards (D445-09 
and D93-09) provide the flexibility to use alternatives to mercury-
containing thermometers, but do not require their use. EPA is proposing 
to allow the use of the updated standard D5865-10 and the previous 
standards, D5856-01a, D5856-03a, and D5856-04 so that flexibility is 
given to use mercury-free thermometers, but not required. Although a 
first step, incorporating these current standards comprises only a 
small percentage of the ASTM standards referenced within EPA 
regulations that require the use of mercury-containing thermometers. 
Further revisions to other relevant ASTM standards would be necessary 
before EPA could provide more comprehensive flexibility. To facilitate 
the use of mercury alternatives, EPA encourages ASTM to expeditiously 
review and revise their standards that require the use of mercury-
containing thermometers, particularly those currently embedded in EPA 
regulations.
    As part of the Agency's mercury-product reduction effort, EPA 
believes it is important to remove unnecessary requirements to use 
mercury-containing thermometers where viable and comparable non-mercury 
substitutes exist. The National Institute of Standards and Technology 
(NIST), recognized experts in the field of thermometry, believe there 
are no fundamental barriers to the replacement of mercury-containing 
thermometers. Although perceived as superior in performance, mercury-
containing thermometers have readily available and comparable 
alternatives such as platinum resistance thermometers, thermistors, 
thermocouples, and portable electronic thermometers (PETs). The use of 
thermometers in high temperature applications, such as the use of 
thermometers in autoclaves, traditionally provided significant 
challenges to the use of mercury-containing thermometer alternatives. 
However, the use of data-loggers in autoclave operations is an example 
of an emerging innovation to allow the viable use of mercury 
substitutes.
    In addition to the embedded ASTM standards, certain EPA regulations 
directly require the use of mercury-containing thermometers. Most of 
these regulations are pursuant to CAA and will be addressed through a 
separate rulemaking currently pursued by EPA's Office of Air and 
Radiation. It is important to note that for ASTM standards contained 
within State implementation plan (SIP) approvals the Agency will need 
to address each ASTM standard separately after consultation with the 
States.
    Additionally, analytical methods mandated under the Resource 
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) that use mercury-containing 
thermometers as a Method Defined Parameter (MDP) will not be addressed 
in this proposed rule. While the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency 
Response (OSWER) Methods Innovation Rule (MIR) allows flexibility in 
RCRA-related sampling and analysis by removing unnecessary requirements 
in SW-846 Methods, the MIR does not allow for flexibility for test 
methods that have MDPs. EPA may address MDPs in future actions but not 
as part of this proposed rule.

B. What questions would EPA like the public to answer?

    1. How can EPA provide additional flexibility in the use of 
mercury-free thermometers to comply with the Agency's relevant 
regulations?
    2. Are requirements to use mercury-containing thermometers 
necessary for performance reasons or should flexibility be provided in 
most if not all measurement applications?
    3. Does the use of data-loggers for temperature measurement in 
autoclaves provide a viable alternative to the use of mercury-
containing thermometers?
    4. What else can EPA do to help expedite the use of alternatives to 
mercury-containing thermometers where feasible, comparable, and 
available?

C. What is the Agency's authority for taking this action?

    This proposed rule is issued under the Agency's authority pursuant 
to the CAA (42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q) and TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2601-2692).

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Regulatory Planning and Review

    This is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive 
Order 12866, entitled Regulatory Planning and Review (58 FR 51735, 
October 4, 1993). Accordingly, this action was not submitted to the 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review under Executive Order 
12866.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    According to the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501 et 
seq., an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not 
required to respond to a collection of information that requires OMB 
approval under PRA, unless it has been approved by OMB and displays a 
currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's 
regulations in title 40 of the CFR, after appearing in the Federal 
Register, are listed in 40 CFR part 9, and included on the related 
collection instrument, or form, if applicable. There are no information 
collection requirements in this proposed rule that require additional 
approval or consideration under PRA.

C. Small Entity Impacts

    Pursuant to section 605(b) of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) 
(5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), the Agency hereby certifies that this action 
will not have a significant adverse economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities. Small entities include small businesses, 
small organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions. In making 
this determination, the impact of concern is any significant adverse 
economic impact on small entities because the primary purpose of 
regulatory flexibility analysis is to identify and address regulatory 
alternatives ``which minimize any significant economic impact of the 
rule on small entities'' (5 U.S.C. 603 and 604). Thus, an agency may 
certify under RFA when the rule relieves regulatory burden, or 
otherwise has no expected economic impact on small entities subject to 
the rule. EPA believes that this proposed rule does not have any 
adverse economic impact because it will provide flexibility by allowing 
the use mercury-free thermometers, without mandating their use. Of 
course, EPA welcomes comments on this conclusion.

D. Unfunded Mandates

    This proposed rule does not contain a Federal mandate that may 
result in expenditures of $100 million or more for State, local, and 
Tribal governments,

[[Page 2059]]

in the aggregate, or the private sector in any 1 year. As such, EPA has 
determined that this proposed rule does not impose any enforceable 
duty, contain any unfunded mandate, or otherwise have any effect on 
small governments subject to the requirements of sections 202, 203, 
204, or 205 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1531-
1538).

E. Federalism

    This action will not have federalism implications because it is not 
expected to have a substantial direct effect on States, on the 
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the 
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of 
government, as specified in Executive Order 13132, entitled Federalism 
(64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). Thus, Executive Order 13132 does not 
apply to this action.

F. Tribal Implications

    This action will not have Tribal implications because it is not 
expected to have substantial direct effects on Indian Tribes, will not 
significantly or uniquely affect the communities of Indian Tribal 
governments, and does not involve or impose any requirements that 
affect Indian Tribes. Accordingly, the requirements of Executive Order 
13175, entitled Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal 
Governments (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), do not apply to this 
action.

G. Children's Health Protection

    EPA interprets Executive Order 13045, entitled Protection of 
Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks (62 FR 19885, 
April 23, 1997), as applying only to those regulatory actions that 
concern health or safety risks, such that the analysis required under 
section 5-501 of the Executive Order has the potential to influence the 
regulation. This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because 
it does not establish an environmental standard intended to mitigate 
health or safety risks, nor is it an ``economically significant 
regulatory action'' as defined by Executive Order 12866.

H. Effect on Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not a ``significant energy action'' as defined in 
Executive Order 13211, entitled Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use (66 FR 28355, 
May 22, 2001), because this action is not likely to affect the supply, 
distribution, or use of energy.

I. Technical Standards

    Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Public Law 104-113, 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note) 
directs EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in its regulatory 
activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with applicable law or 
otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical 
standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods, sampling 
procedures, and business practices) that are developed or adopted by 
voluntary consensus standards bodies. NTTAA directs EPA to provide 
Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency decides not to use 
available and applicable voluntary consensus standards. ASTM standards 
constitute voluntary consensus standards and, as such, the NTTAA 
directly applies to this proposed rule. The NTTAA requires that EPA use 
voluntary consensus standards unless to do so would be inconsistent 
with applicable law or otherwise impractical. With this proposed rule, 
EPA is adding the most current versions of applicable ASTM standards 
that allow flexibility in the use of mercury-containing thermometers 
and in the spirit of the NTTAA plans to work closely with ASTM to 
address the remaining standards within EPA regulations that require the 
use of mercury-containing thermometers.

J. Environmental Justice

    This action does not entail special considerations of environmental 
justice related issues as delineated by Executive Order 12898, entitled 
Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority 
Populations and Low-Income Populations (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Parts 49, 60, 63, 75, 86, 89, 92, 94, 
761, and 1065

    Environmental protection, temperature measurement, thermometers, 
and mercury.

    Dated: January 3, 2011.
Lisa P. Jackson,
Administrator.
    Therefore, it is proposed that 40 CFR chapter I be amended as 
follows:

PART 49--[AMENDED]

    1. The authority citation for part 49 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

    2. In Sec.  49.123 revise the definition of ``Heat input'' in 
paragraph (a) and revise paragraph (e)(1)(v) to read as follows:

Sec.  49.123  General provisions.

    (a) * * *
    Heat input means the total gross calorific value [where gross 
calorific value is measured by ASTM Method D240-02, D1826-94 
(Reapproved 2003), D5865-04, D5865-10, or E711-87 (Reapproved 2004) 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  49.123(e))] of all fuels burned.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (v) ASTM D5865-04 or 10, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific 
Value of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for Sec.  49.123(a).
* * * * *

PART 60--[AMENDED]

    3. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    4. In Sec.  60.17 revise paragraph (a)(78) to read as follows:

Sec.  60.17  Incorporations by reference.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (78) ASTM D5865-98 or 10, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific 
Value of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for Sec.  60.45(f)(5)(ii), Sec.  
60.46(c)(2), and appendix A-7 to part 60, Method 19, section 
12.5.2.1.3.
* * * * *
    5. In Method 19 of appendix A-7 to part 60 revise section 
12.5.2.1.3 to read as follows:

Appendix A-7 to Part 60--Test Methods 19 Through 25E

* * * * *

Method 19--Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Removal Efficiency and 
Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, and Nitrogen Oxide Emission 
Rates

* * * * *
    12.5.2.1.3 Gross Sample Analysis. Use ASTM D 2013-72 or 86 to 
prepare the sample, ASTM D 3177- 75 or 89 or ASTM D 4239-85, 94, or 
97 to determine sulfur content (%S), ASTM D 3173-73 or 87 to 
determine moisture content, and ASTM D 2015-77 (Reapproved 1978) or 
96, D 3286-85 or 96, or D 5865-98 or 10 to determine gross calorific 
value (GCV) (all standards cited are incorporated by reference--see 
Sec.  60.17 for acceptable versions of the standards) on a dry basis 
for each gross sample.
* * * * *

PART 63--[AMENDED]

    6. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

[[Page 2060]]

    7. In Sec.  63.14 revise paragraph (b)(48) to read as follows:

Sec.  63.14  Incorporations by reference.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (48) ASTM D5865-03a or 10, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific 
Value of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for Table 6 to subpart DDDDD of 
this part.
* * * * *
    8. In subpart DDDDD of part 63, Table 6 is amended by revising item 
d. under entries ``1. Mercury * * * ,'' ``2. Total Selected metals * * 
* ,'' and ``3. Hydrogen chloride * * * '' to read as follows:
* * * * *

                         Table 6 to Subpart Ddddd of Part 63--Fuel Analysis Requirements
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  To conduct a fuel analysis for the
       following pollutant * * *                You must * * *                         Using * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Mercury * * *.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
                                        d. Determine heat content of    ASTM D5865-03a or D5865-10 (for coal)
                                         the fuel type * * *.            (IBR, see Sec.   63.24(b)) or ASTM E711-
                                                                         87 (for biomass) (IBR, see Sec.
                                                                         63.14(b)) or equivalent.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
2. Total Selected metals.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
                                        d. Determine heat content of    ASTM D5865-03a or D5865-10 (for coal)
                                         the fuel type * * *.            (IBR, see Sec.   63.14(b)) or ASTM E711-
                                                                         87 (1996) (for biomass) (IBR, see Sec.
                                                                          63.14(b)) or equivalent.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
3. Hydrogen chloride * * *............
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
                                        d. Determine heat content of    ASTM D5865-03a or D5865-10 (for coal)
                                         the fuel type * * *.            (IBR, see Sec.   63.14(b)) or ASTM E711-
                                                                         87 (1996) (for biomass) (IBR, see Sec.
                                                                          63.14(b)) or equivalent.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PART 75--[AMENDED]

    9. The authority citation for part 75 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7601 and 7651K, and 7651K note.

    10. In Sec.  75.6 add new paragraph (a)(50) to read as follows:

Sec.  75.6  Incorporation by reference.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (50) ASTM D5865-10, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value 
of Coal and Coke, for appendices A, D, and F of this part.
* * * * *
    11. In appendix A to part 75 revise paragraph (c) of section 
2.1.1.1 to read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 75--Specifications and Test Procedures

* * * * *
    2.1.1.1 Maximum Potential Concentration
* * * * *
    (c) When performing fuel sampling to determine the MPC, use ASTM 
Methods: ASTM D3177-02 (Reapproved 2007), Standard Test Methods for 
Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke; ASTM D4239-02, 
Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and 
Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Methods; ASTM 
D4294-98, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum 
Products by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry; ASTM 
D1552-01, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products 
(High-Temperature Method); ASTM D129-00, Standard Test Method for 
Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method); ASTM D2622-98, 
Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength 
Dispersive Xray Fluorescence Spectrometry, for sulfur content of 
solid or liquid fuels; ASTM D3176-89 (Reapproved 2002), Standard 
Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke; ASTM D240-00, 
Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon 
Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter; ASTM D5865-01a or ASTM D5865-10, Standard 
Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke (all 
incorporated by reference under Sec.  75.6).
* * * * *
    12. In appendix D to part 75 revise section 2.2.7 to read as 
follows:

Appendix D to Part 75--Optional So2 Emissions Data Protocol 
for Gas-Fired and Oil-Fired Units

* * * * *
    2.2.7 Analyze oil samples to determine the heat content of the 
fuel. Determine oil heat content in accordance with ASTM D240-00, 
Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon 
Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, ASTM D4809-00, Standard Test Method for 
Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter 
(Precision Method), ASTM D5865-01a, or D5865-10, Standard Test 
Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke (all incorporated 
by reference under Sec.  75.6) or any other procedures listed in 
section 5.5 of appendix F of this part. Alternatively, the oil 
samples may be analyzed for heat content by any consensus standard 
method prescribed for the affected unit under part 60 of this 
chapter.
* * * * *
    13. Appendix F to part 75 is amended as follows:
    a. Revise sections 3.3.6.2 and 5.5.3.2.
    b. Revise the expression ``GCVO'' in paragraph (a) of 
section 5.5.1.
    c. Revise the expression ``GCVC'' in section 5.5.3.3 to 
read as follows:

Appendix F to Part 75--Conversion Procedures

* * * * *
    3.3.6.2 GCV is the gross calorific value (Btu/lb) of the fuel 
combusted determined by ASTM D5865-01a or ASTM D5865-10, Standard 
Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke, ASTM D240-
00, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid 
Hydrocarbon Fuels by

[[Page 2061]]

Bomb Calorimeter, or ASTM D4809-00, Standard Test Method for Heat of 
Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter 
(Precision Method) for oil; and ASTM D3588-98, Standard Practice for 
Calculating Heat Value, compressibility Factor, and Relative Density 
of Gaseous Fuels, ASTM D4891-89 (Reapproved 2006), Standard Test 
Method for Heating Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by 
Stoichiometric Combustion, GPA Standard 2172-96 Calculation of Gross 
Heating Value, Relative Density and Compressibility Factor for 
Natural Gas Mixtures from Compositional Analysis, GPA Standard 2261-
00 Analysis for Natural Gas and Similar Gaseous Mixtures by Gas 
Chromatography, or ASTM D1826-94 (Reapproved 1998), Standard Test 
Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range 
by Continuous Recording Calorimeter, for gaseous fuels, as 
applicable. (All of these methods are incorporated by reference 
under Sec.  75.6.)
* * * * *
    5.5.1 (a) * * *
    GCVO= Gross calorific value of oil, as measured by 
ASTM D240-00, ASTM D5865-01a, ASTM D5865-10, or ASTM D4809-00 for 
each oil sample under section 2.2 of appendix D to this part, Btu/
unit mass (all incorporated by reference under Sec.  75.6).
* * * * *
    5.5.3.2 All ASTM methods are incorporated by reference under 
Sec.  75.6. Use ASTM D2013-01, Standard Practice for Preparing Coal 
Samples for Analysis, for preparation of a daily coal sample and 
analyze each daily coal sample for gross calorific value using ASTM 
D5865-01a or ASTM D5865-10, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific 
Value of Coal and Coke. On-line coal analysis may also be used if 
the on-line analytical instrument has been demonstrated to be 
equivalent to the applicable ASTM methods under Sec. Sec.  75.23 and 
75.66.
    5.5.3.3 * * *
    GCVC= Gross calorific value of coal sample, as 
measured by ASTM D3176-89 (Reapproved 2002), ASTM D5865-01a, or ASTM 
D5865-10, Btu/lb (incorporated by reference under Sec.  75.6).
* * * * *

PART 86--[AMENDED]

    14. The authority citation for part 86 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

    15. Section 86.113-07 is amended as follows:
    a. Revise entries (vii) and (viii) in the table in paragraph 
(b)(2).
    b. Revise entries (vi) and (vii) in the table in paragraph (b)(3) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  86.113-07  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Item                                                      ASTM Test Method No.      Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
(vii) Flashpoint, min....................  [deg]F......................  D93-09.....................         130
                                           ([deg]C)....................  ...........................      (54.4)
(viii) Viscosity.........................  centistokes.................  D445-09....................     2.0-3.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     (3) * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Item                                                      ASTM Test Method No.      Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
(vi) Flashpoint, min.....................  [deg]F......................  D93-09.....................         130
                                           ([deg]C)....................  ...........................      (54.4)
(vii) Viscosity..........................  centistokes.................  D445-09....................     2.0-3.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    16. In Sec.  86.113-94 revise the entries ``Flashpoint, min.'' and 
``Viscosity'' in the table in paragraph (b)(2) and in the table in 
paragraph (b)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.113-94  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Item                                                      ASTM Test Method No.      Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, min..........................  [deg]F......................  D93-09.....................         130
                                           ([deg]C)....................  ...........................      (54.4)
Viscosity................................  centistokes.................  D445-09....................     2.0-3.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (3) * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Item                                                      ASTM Test Method No.      Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, min..........................  [deg]F......................  D93-09.....................         130
                                           ([deg]C)....................  ...........................      (54.4)
Viscosity................................  centistokes.................  D445-09....................     1.5-4.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    17. The authority citation for part 86, subpart D, continues to 
read as follows:

    Authority:  Secs. 202, 206, 207, 208, 301(a), Clean Air Act, as 
amended (42 U.S.C. 1857f-1, 1857f-5, 1857f-5a, 1857f-6, 1857g(a)).

    18. In Sec.  86.307-82 revise the entries ``Flashpoint, [deg]F 
(minimum)'' and ``Viscosity, centistokes'' in the table in

[[Page 2062]]

paragraph (b)(2) and in the table in paragraph (b)(3) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  86.307-82  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                ASTM Test Method
             Item                      No.         Type 1-D    Type 2-D
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, [deg]F (minimum)..  D93-09..........         120         130
Viscosity, centistokes........  D445-09.........     1.6-2.0     2.0-3.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (3) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                ASTM Test Method
             Item                      No.         Type 1-D    Type 2-D
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, [deg]F (minimum)..  D93-09..........         120         130
Viscosity, centistokes........  D445-09.........     1.2-2.2     1.5-4.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    19. The authority citation for part 86, subpart N, continues to 
read as follows:

    Authority:  Secs. 202, 206, 207, 208, 301(a), Clean Air Act as 
amended 42 U.S.C. 7521, 7524, 7541, 7542, and 7601.

    20. Section 86.1313-94 is amended as follows:
    a. Revise entries ``Flashpoint, [deg]F, ([deg]C), and (minimum)'' 
and ``Viscosity, Centistokes'' in Table N94-2 in paragraph (b)(2).
    b. Revise entries ``Flashpoint, min. [deg]F ([deg]C)'' and 
``Viscosity, centistokes'' in Table N94-3 in paragraph (b)(3) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  86.1313-94  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *

                               Table N94-2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Item                     ASTM         Type 1-D    Type 2-D
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, [deg]F............  D93-09..........         120         130
     ([deg]C).................  ................      (48.9)      (54.4)
     (minimum)................  ................  ..........  ..........
Viscosity, centistokes........  D445-09.........     1.6-2.0     2.0-3.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (3) * * *

                               Table N94-3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Item                     ASTM         Type 1-D    Type 2-D
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, min. [deg]F         D93-09..........         120         130
 ([deg]C).                                            (48.9)      (54.4)
Viscosity, centistokes........  D445-09.........     1.2-2.2     1.5-4.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    21. In Sec.  86.1313-98 revise the entries ``Flashpoint, min.'' and 
``Viscosity'' in Table N98-2 in paragraph (b)(2) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1313-98  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *

                                                   Table N98-2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Item                                              ASTM Test Method No.    Type 1-D    Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, min......................  [deg]F..................  D93-09.................         120         130
                                       ([deg]C)................  .......................      (48.9)      (54.4)
Viscosity............................  centistokes.............  D445-09................     1.6-2.0     2.0-3.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 2063]]

* * * * *
    22. Section 86.1313-2007 is amended as follows:
    a. Revise entries (vii) and (viii) in Table N07-2 in paragraph 
(b)(2).
    b. Revise entries (vi) and (vii) in Table N07-3 in paragraph (b)(3) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1313-2007  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *

                                                   Table N07-2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Item                                              ASTM Test Method No.    Type 1-D    Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
(vii) Flashpoint, min................  [deg]F..................  D93-09.................         120         130
                                       ([deg]C)................  .......................      (48.9)      (54.4)
(viii) Viscosity.....................  centistokes.............  D445-09................     1.6-2.0     2.0-3.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     (3) * * *

                                                   Table N07-3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Item                                              ASTM Test Method No.    Type 1-D    Type 2-D
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
(vi) Flashpoint, min.................  [deg]F..................  D93-09.................         130         130
                                       ([deg]C)................  .......................      (54.4)      (54.4)
(vii) Viscosity......................  centistokes.............  D445-09................     1.2-2.2     1.5-4.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

PART 89--[AMENDED]

    23. The authority citation for part 89 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

    24. In Sec.  89.6 remove entries ``ASTM D93-97'' and ``ASTM D445-
97'' and add entries ``ASTM D93-09'' and ``ASTM D445-09'' in numerical 
order to the table in paragraph (b)(1) to read as follows:

Sec.  89.6  Reference materials.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Document No. and name              40 CFR part 89  reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D93-09:
    ``Standard Test Methods     Appendix A to Subpart D.
     for Flash Point by Pensky-
     Martens Closed Cup
     Tester''.
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D445-09:
    ``Standard Test Method for  Appendix A to Subpart D.
     Kinematic Viscosity of
     Transparent and Opaque
     Liquids (the Calculation
     of Dynamic Viscosity)''.
 
                               * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    25. In appendix A to subpart D of part 89, Table 4 is amended by 
revising the entries ``Flashpoint, [deg]C (minimum)'' and ``Viscosity @ 
38 [deg]C, Centistokes'' to read as follows:

Appendix A to Subpart D of Part 89--Tables

* * * * *

                Table 4--Federal Test Fuel Specifications
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Value
                Item                   Procedure (ASTM) \1\   (type 2-D)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, [deg]C (minimum)........  D93-09................          54
Viscosity @ 38 [deg]C, centistokes..  D445-09...............     2.0-3.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ All ASTM procedures in this table have been incorporated by
  reference. See Sec.   89.6.

[[Page 2064]]

* * * * *

PART 92--[AMENDED]

    26. The authority citation for part 92 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

    27. In Sec.  92.5, the table in paragraph (b)(1) is amended by 
removing the entries ``ASTM D 93-94'' and ``ASTM D 445-94'' and adding 
the entries ``ASTM D 93-09'' and ``ASTM D 445-09'' to read as follows:

Sec.  92.5  Reference materials.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                40 CFR
                    Document No. and name                       part 92
                                                               reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D 93-09, Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by              Sec.
 Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester...........................      92.113
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D 445-09, Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity         Sec.
 of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of            92.113
 Dynamic Viscosity).........................................
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    28. In Sec.  92.113 revise the entries ``Flashpoint, min., [deg]F 
and [deg]C'' and ``Viscosity, centistokes'' in Table B113-1 in 
paragraph (a)(1) to read as follows:

Sec.  92.113  Fuel specifications.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *

                              Table B113-1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Item                           ASTM            Type 2-D
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, min.
    [deg]F..........................  D93-09................         130
    [deg]C..........................  ......................      (54.4)
Viscosity, centistokes..............  D445-09...............     2.0-3.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

PART 94--[AMENDED]

    29. The authority citation for part 94 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

    30. In Sec.  94.5, Table 1 in paragraph (a) is amended by removing 
the entries ``ASTM D 93-02'' and ``ASTM D 445-01'' and adding the 
entries ``ASTM D 93-09'' and ``ASTM D 445-09'' to read as follows:

Sec.  94.5  Reference materials.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *

                 Table 1 of Sec.   94.5--ASTM Materials
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Part 94
                    Document No. and name                      reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D 93-09, Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by            94.108
 Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester...........................
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D 445-09, Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity       94.108
 of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of
 Dynamic Viscosity).........................................
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    31. In Sec.  94.108 revise ``Flashpoint, [deg]C'' and ``Viscosity 
at 38 [deg]C, centistokes'' in Table B-5 in paragraph (a)(1) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  94.108  Test fuels.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *

[[Page 2065]]

               Table B-5--Federal Test Fuel Specifications
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Item                 Procedure \1\            Value
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, [deg]C............  ASTM D 93-09.....  54 minimum.
 
                              * * * * * * *
Viscosity at 38 [deg]C,         ASTM D445-09.....  2.0-3.2.
 centistokes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ All ASTM standards are incorporated by reference in Sec.   94.5.

* * * * *

PART 761--[AMENDED]

    32. The authority citation for part 761 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  15 U.S.C. 2605, 2607, 2611, 2614, and 2616.

    33. In Sec.  761.19, the table in paragraph (b) is amended by 
removing the entry ``ASTM D 93-90'' and adding the entry ``ASTM D 93-
09'' to read as follows:

Sec.  761.19  References.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 References                          CFR citation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTM D 93-09 Standard Test Methods for       Sec.   761.71(b)(2)(vi);
 Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed         Sec.   761.75(b)(8)(iii).
 Tester.
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    34. In Sec.  761.71 revise paragraph (b)(2)(vi) to read as follows:

Sec.  761.71  High efficiency boilers.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (vi) The concentration of PCBs and of any other chlorinated 
hydrocarbon in the waste and the results of analyses using the American 
Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods as follows: Carbon and 
hydrogen content using ASTM D-3178-84, nitrogen content using ASTM E-
258-67 (Reapproved 1987), sulfur content using ASTM D-2784-89, ASTM D-
1266-87, or ASTM D-129-64, chlorine content using ASTM D-808-87, water 
and sediment content using either ASTM D-2709-88 or ASTM D-1796-83 
(Reapproved 1990), ash content using ASTM D-482-87, calorific value 
using ASTM D-240-87, carbon residue using either ASTM D-2158-89 or ASTM 
D-524-88, and flash point using ASTM D-93-09.
* * * * *
    35. In Sec.  761.75 revise paragraph (b)(8)(iii) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  761.75  Chemical waste landfills.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (8) * * *
    (iii) Ignitable wastes shall not be disposed of in chemical waste 
landfills. Liquid ignitable wastes are wastes that have a flash point 
less than 60 [deg]C (140 [deg]F) as determined by the following method 
or an equivalent method: Flash point of liquids shall be determined by 
a Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester, using the protocol specified in 
ASTM D-93-09, or the Setaflash Closed Tester using the protocol 
specified in ASTM D-3278-89.
* * * * *

PART 1065--[AMENDED]

    36. The authority citation for part 1065 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

    37. In Sec.  1065.703 revise the entries ``Flashpoint, min.'' and 
``Kinematic Viscosity'' in Table 1 of Sec.  1065.703 to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1065.703  Distillate diesel fuel.

* * * * *

                 Table 1 of Sec.   1065.703--Test Fuel Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Ultra low      Low        High
             Item                     Units          sulfur      sulfur      sulfur     Reference  procedure \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Flashpoint, min...............  [deg]C...........          54          54          54  ASTM D93-09.
Kinematic Viscosity...........  cSt..............     2.0-3.2     2.0-3.2     2.0-3.2  ASTM D445-09.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   1065.1010. See Sec.   1065.701(d) for other allowed
  procedures.

    38. In Sec.  1065.1010, Table 1 in paragraph (a) is amended by 
removing the entries ``ASTM D93-07'' and ``ASTM D445-06'' and adding 
the entries ``ASTM D93-09'' and ``ASTM D 445-09'' to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.1010  Reference materials.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *

[[Page 2066]]

               Table 1 of Sec.   1065.1010--ASTM Materials
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Part 1065
                   Document No. and name                      reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
ASTM D93-09, Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by           1065.703
 Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester..........................
ASTM D 445-09, Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity     1065.703
 of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of
 Dynamic Viscosity)........................................
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2011-246 Filed 1-11-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P