Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2003-0248-0019
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2003-11-26T05:00Z

Response
to
EPA
Comments
Concerning
the
Creosote
Pressure­
Treatment
Worker
Exposure
Study
Included
in
the
Creosote
Human
Risk
Characterization
Preliminary
Risk
Assessment
Documents
Author
Mark
G.
Bookbinder,
Ph.
D.
11157
Yellow
Leaf
Way
Germantown,
MD
20876­
1377
Date
Submitted:

02/
21/
2003
The
EPA
has
made
a
number
of
comments
on
the
2001
creosote
pressure­
treatment
worker
exposure
study
in
their
draft
RED
science
chapter,
which
are
repeated
in
the
Creosote
Human
Exposure
Executive
Summary,
Human
Risk
Characterization,
and
Review
of
Worker
Exposure
Study
Sections.
Each
comment
is
presented
below
in
italics,
along
with
our
response.
The
comments
are
presented
in
the
order
in
which
they
appear
in
the
Creosote
Human
Exposure
Executive
Summary.

1.
The
Study
Sponsors
made
no
attempt
to
relate
inhalation
levels
found
for
PNAs
and
CTPVs
to
"
total
creosote"...

While
we
recognize
the
Agency's
wish
to
consider
creosote
as
a
single
"
unit
product"
for
the
purposes
of
risk
assessment,
it
must
be
noted
that
a
working
pressure­
treatment
system
does
not
spray
creosote
into
the
environment.
Therefore,
workers
involved
in
pressure
treatment
will
not
be
directly
exposed
to
respirable
droplets
of
creosote
per
se,
but
instead
are
more
likely
to
inhale
a
mixture
of
individual
creosote
components
volatilizing
from
hot
treated
materials.
For
this
reason,
this
study
monitored
exposure
to
several
of
those
individual
components,
representing
a
range
of
molecular
weights
and
boiling
temperatures.

The
results
of
the
study
indicate
that
only
the
lighter
components
are
likely
to
be
present
in
the
air
in
pressure­
treating
areas.
Chrysene
and
benzo[
a]
pyrene
(
the
highest­
formula
weight
PNAs
monitored)
were
not
detected
in
any
of
88
full­
day
worker
samples.
In
contrast,
naphthalene
(
with
the
smallest
f.
w.
of
any
monitored
PNA)
was
found
in
every
sampling
train.
The
percentage
of
worker
samples
containing
each
monitored
PNA
is
shown
in
the
table
below:

A
plot
of
the
formula
weight
of
each
monitored
PNA
against
the
mean
percentage
of
worker
samples
in
which
a
PNA
of
that
formula
weight
was
detected,
is
shown
below:

128.17
142.2
154.21
168.2
166.22
178.23
202.26
Formula
weight
0
20
40
60
80
100
Mean
%
samples
containing
component
Formula
Representative
analyte(
s)
monitored
Avg.
%
of
w
eight
Boiling
Formula
%
w
orker
w
orker
range
Chemical
name
pt.
(
°
C)
w
eight
samples*?
samples
<
130
Naphthalene
217.7
128.17
100.0%
100.0%
130­
150
2
methylnaphthalene
241­
242
142.2
98.9%
92.0%
1­
methylnaphthalene
240­
243
142.2
85.2%
150­
170
Acenaphthene
279
154.21
68.2%
68.2%
Dibenzofuran
154­
155
168.20
54.5%
54.5%
Fluorene
298
166.22
53.4%
53.4%
170­
180
Phenanthrene
340
178.23
42.0%
22.2%
Anthracene
340
178.23
2.3%
180­
205
Pyrene
404
202.26
1.1%
1.14%
>
205
Chrysene
448
228.29
0.0%
0.0%
Benzo(
a)
pyrene
495
228.29
0.0%
*
Percent
of
w
orker
sampling
trains
containing
this
analyte.
**
Average
%
of
w
orker
samples
containing
analytes
of
this
formula
w
eight
range.
Regression
of
the
mean
%
samples
vs.
formula
weight
demonstrates
that
the
presence
of
a
creosote
component
in
the
air
around
pressure­
treatment
systems
is
related
to
its
formula
weight
(
r2
=
0.966),
and
strongly
suggests
that
very
large
molecules
such
as
chrysene
and
benzo[
a]
pyrene
will
not
be
available
for
inhalation
by
treatment
workers,
possibly
because
they
are
not
volatilized
at
typical
wood
treatment
temperatures,
and/
or
because
they
may
recondense
very
quickly
after
volatilization
and
do
not
remain
airborne.

We
believe
that
this
relationship
can
be
used
to
relate
the
quantity
of
PNAs
found
in
worker
sampling
trains
to
that
of
"
total
airborne
creosote"
(
i.
e.,
the
sum
of
the
individual
components
of
total
creosote
that
become
airborne
in
the
treatment
area).

The
components
of
P1/
P13
and
P2
creosote
were
recently
characterized
(
Sparacino,
1999).
Each
known
component
can
be
placed
into
one
of
the
formula
weight
categories
listed
in
the
table
above.
As
those
making
up
the
"
0%
sampled"
formula
weight
group
are
unlikely
to
be
present
in
treatment­
area
air,
the
contribution
of
each
of
the
remaining
components
to
"
total
airborne
creosote"
can
be
estimated
by
dividing
the
original
percentage
of
that
component
in
standard
creosote
by
that
fraction
of
standard
creosote
consisting
of
the
total
of
airborne
components.

For
example,
if
airborne
creosote
is
assumed
to
contain
only
74%
of
the
components
of
standard
creosote
(
i.
e.,
if
components
making
up
26%
of
standard
creosote
fall
into
the
"
0%
airborne"
weight
group),
then
a
detectable
component
making
up
17%
of
standard
creosote
would
make
up
23%
of
"
total
airborne
creosote."
Then,
to
normalize
the
levels
of
creosote
components
found
in
an
inhalation
sample
to
total
airborne
creosote,
the
total
found
is
divided
by
the
sum
of
the
fractions
of
all
detected
components
in
total
airborne
creosote,
as
shown
in
the
simplified
example
below:

Eliminating
%
of
each
Components
%
of
each
%
of
each
component
in
total
found
in
in
total
Know
n
in
standard
d
as
non­
aerial
w
orker
aerial
components
creosote
airborne
creosote
samples
creosote
a
5
5
6.8%
*
6.8%
b
12
12
16.2%
*
16.2%
c
17
17
23.0%
d
26
­­­­
e
30
30
40.5%
*
40.5%
f
10
10
13.5%
TOTAL
100
74
100.0%
63.5%
Then
a
sample
containing
67
ug
residues
w
ould
be
considered
to
contain
(
67
ug
/
0.635
=)
105.51
ug
total
airborne
creosote.
When
this
procedure
is
performed
on
the
known
components
of
P1/
P13
creosote
typically
used
at
monitored
treatment
plants,
PNAs
making
up
16.1%
of
total
creosote
are
eliminated
from
consideration
as
components
of
total
airborne
creosote.
The
calculated
percentages
of
the
monitored
PNAs
in
total
airborne
creosote
are
shown
in
the
table
below:

The
monitored
PNAs
(
excluding
pyrene,
chrysene,
and
benzo[
a]
pyrene)
together
make
up
52.1%
of
total
airborne
creosote.

Reference:
Sparacino,
C.
M.
1999.
Preliminary
Analysis
for
North
American
CTM
Creosote
P1/
P13.
Research
Triangle
Institute,
Research
Triangle
Park,
NC.
31
pp.

2.
The
amount
of
product
applied
and
the
amount
of
ai
handled
by
each
worker
was
not
calculated
because
the
creosote
was
applied
in
a
closed
system
which
recovered
and
retained
excess
treatment
solution
from
the
wood
and
treatment
vessel
while
sealed.

This
is
true.
To
reflect
typical
use
practices,
we
monitored
workers
operating
full­
sized
treatment
systems.
Since
the
workers
never
directly
handled
the
treatment
solution
prior
to,
during,
or
after
application
(
under
normal
circumstances)
in
the
sense
typically
employed
to
describe
worker
exposure
scenarios,
it
is
impossible
to
assign
an
"
amount
handled"
to
any
worker
involved
in
the
process.
For
each
charge
treated,
we
recorded
the
volume
of
treating
solution
added
to
the
pressure
vessel,
the
volume
of
wood
treated,
and
the
volume
of
treating
solution
recovered
by
the
treating
system
following
treatment.
These
data
were
summarized
in
Table
XII
of
the
study
report.
From
this
information
we
calculated
the
volume
of
creosote
retained
in/
on
the
wood
(
as
well
as
on
the
trams,
cables,
bands,
and
other
exposed
surfaces
within
the
pressure
vessel)
during
treatment.
These
results
are
presented
on
Page
55
of
the
study
report.

3.
The
number
of
field
fortification
samples
collected
at
the
sites
were
less
than
the
required
number
to
satisfy
Series
875
guidelines...

The
number
and
types
of
field
controls
followed
Guideline
875,
Group
B,
Part
C
(
3.1.1).
Due
to
the
complex
nature
of
the
study,
one
set
of
each
type
of
field
controls
was
produced
at
each
field
test
site
to
support
the
replicates
of
monitoring
done
at
the
site.
Ambient
weather
conditions
varied
only
slightly
during
the
monitoring
period
at
each
site,
and
stability
of
the
compounds
tested
had
been
demonstrated
during
prefield
testing.
Percent
of
Percent
of
Formula
total
total
aerial
Monitored
PNA
w
eight
Creosote
creosote
naphthalene
128.2
9.00
10.6
I­
methylnaphthalene
142.2
2.30
2.71
2­
methylnaphthalene
142.2
5.10
6.01
acenaphthene
154.2
6.10
7.18
dibenzofuran
168.2
3.10
3.65
fluorene
166.2
4.20
4.95
phenanthrene
178.2
12.2
14.4
anthracene
178.2
2.20
2.59
pyrene
202.3
6.00
0
chrysene
228.3
1.50
0
benzo[
a]
pyrene
253.3
0.50
0
4.
The
overall
inhalation
field
fortification
percent
recoveries
for
the
coal
tar
pitch
volatiles
(
CTPVS)
were
poor...

The
nature
of
CTPVs
is
such
that
any
highly
volatile
component
that
was
trapped
by
the
collection
filter
could
revolatilize
during
the
8­
hr
exposure
period
and
be
lost
to
the
collection
filter.
Since
no
worker
samples
contained
quantifiable
levels
of
CTPVs,
we
did
not
correct
results
for
field
control
recoveries.
Any
revolatalized
PNAs
were
likely
to
be
retained
in
the
XAD­
2
resin
tubes,
thus
would
be
not
be
lost
to
the
sampling
systems.

5.
There
were
some
dermal
fortification
levels
with
extremely
high
recoveries
for
WBD's
and
some
with
unacceptable
low
recoveries
for
gloves...

It
became
apparent
during
the
conduct
of
the
study
that
the
analytical
method
used
to
determine
total
creosote
in
dermal
monitoring
matrices
was
subject
to
some
variability
near
the
LOQ
(
which
could
artifactually
impact
the
results
of
field
recoveries
at
that
level),
and
that
field
control
samples
mainly
monitored
the
comparative
volatility
of
creosote
components
regardless
of
the
spike
level
applied.
In
addition,
outdoor
prefield
testing
demonstrated
that
recoveries
from
samples
fortified
at
LOQ
were
significantly
more
variable
(
as
indicated
by
standard
errors)
than
those
from
samples
spiked
at
either
100X
LOQ
or
1000X
LOQ,
and
that
the
variability
was
of
similar
magnitude
at
the
two
higher
rates.

We
recognized,
therefore,
that
variability
of
recovery
of
creosote
from
the
LOQ­
level
field
control
samples
was
greater
than
desired,
and
used
the
recoveries
from
high­
rate
samples
for
correction
of
raw
results,
as
described
on
page
51
of
the
study
final
report.
Among
the
samples
actually
used
for
correcting
dermal
results:

 
Recoveries
from
glove
samples
were
between
68.4%
and
89.1%,
thus
within
the
acceptable
range.

 
Recoveries
from
WBD
samples
were
between
67.5
and
81.4%
(
except
for
one
Site
D
sample
for
which
the
recovery
was
61.8%).

We
believe
that
these
results
reflect
the
reality
that
testing
under
field
conditions
may
exhibit
slightly
more
variability
than
would
be
expected
under
more
strictly
controlled
laboratory
environments.

6.
PMRA
has
indicated
that
there
are
calculation
mistakes
with
inhalation
data
in
the
study.

PMRA
indicated
that
a
problem
existed
with
the
inhalation
exposure
calculation
example
that
appears
in
the
final
study
report
(
on
Page
53).
In
addition,
EPA
notes
that
following
the
calculation
process
was
difficult.
To
alleviate
these
concerns,
we
have
expanded
the
information
provided
for
the
calculation
of
inhalation
exposure,
and
present
it
below:

Potential
inhalation
exposure
to
each
creosote
component
monitored
(
PNAs,
CTPVs)
was
estimated
from
material
collected
in
the
appropriate
air
sampler.
The
unadjusted
residue
level
(
in
)
g)
for
each
air
sampler
from
each
worker
was
corrected
for
the
mean
recovery
of
the
appropriate
analytical
standard(
s)
from
samples
of
the
appropriate
matrix
fortified
in
the
field
at
that
test
site.
Inhalation
exposure
for
each
target
compound
was
calculated
from
material
found
in
the
entire
sampling
train
(
filter
+
front
tube
+
rear
tube).
Calculated
inhalation
exposure
levels
were
normalized
by
scaling
up
the
pump
flow
rate
of
1
L/
min
to
the
U.
S.
EPA's
recommended
minute
ventilation
rate
of
1,100
L/
hr
(~
18.34
L/
min)
for
"
light
activities"
(
4),
then
by
adjustment
for
the
standard
EPA­
recommended
adult
weight
of
71.8
kg.

The
following
example
illustrates
the
results
of
this
procedure
for
creosote
components
collected
in
the
air
sampling
train
worn
by
the
Site
C
LLO
during
his
first
monitored
work
cycle
(
Replicate
1).

Sample
data:

AASI
sample
numbers:
3­
F­
1
(
filter),
3­
S­
1A
(
front
tube),
and
3­
S­
1B
(
rear
tube)
UEC
sample
numbers:
PRM31824,
25,
and
26
(
filter,
front
tube,
and
rear
tube)
Duration
of
monitoring
period:
6:
36
(

0.826
standard
work
days;
from
Table
XIII)
Calibrated
air
flow
rate:
0.980
L/
min
during
work
cycle
(
from
Table
XXIV)

Residues
found
(
from
Table
2
of
Appendix
E
of
the
final
report):

Mean
recovery
of
components
from
Site
C
field
spikes
(
for
entire
train;
from
Table
XVI):

Naphthalene:
90.1%
2­
Methylnaphthalene:
81.9%
1­
Methylnaphthalene:
81.4%
Acenaphthene:
72.1%
Others:
Not
applicable
(
components
<
LOD)
Raw
µ
g
analyte
per
sample
Front
tube
Back
tube
Analyte
Filter
Front
Back
Front
Back
CTPVs
0.018
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Naphthalene
<
LOD
73.8
20.5
<
LOD
<
LOD
2­
Methylnaphthalene
<
LOD
5.80
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
1­
Methylnaphthalene
<
LOD
8.20
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Acenaphthene
<
LOD
8.30
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Dibenzofuran
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Fluorene
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Phenanthrene
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Anthracene
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Pyrene
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Chrysene
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Benzo(
a)
pyrene
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
<
LOD
Calculations:

1.
Determination
of
the
adjusted
value
of
each
analyte
found
in/
on
samplers
at
quantifiable
levels.
The
following
example
is
presented
for
naphthalene.
The
procedure
described
below
was
followed
for
each
component
for
which
residues
>
LOQ
were
found
(
2­
and
1­
methyl
naphthalene,
and
acenapthene:

Analyte
level
adjusted
for
recovery
or
LOD/
LOQ:

Filter:
0.41
)
g

2
=
0.205
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
Front
tube/
front
sec.:
73.8
)
g

90.1%
=
~
81.93
ug
Front
tube/
rear
sec.:
20.5
)
g

2
=
10.3
)
g
(
50%
of
LOQ)
rear
tube/
front
sec.:
0.41
)
g

2
=
0.205
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
Rear
tube/
rear
sec.:
0.41
)
g

2
=
0.205
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
TOTAL:
~
92.8
)
g
Analyte
level
normalized
to
standard
worker
respiration
rate,
body
weight,
and
work
day
length:

Corr.
)
g/
sample
=
adj.
)
g/
sample
+
(
RR

60)
+
(
1

FR])
+
(
1

BW)
+
(
1

DW)

Where
FR
=
calibrated
pump
flow
rate
(
L/
min),
RR
=
1100
L/
hr
(
EPA­
recommended
"
light
work"
respiration
rate),
DW
=
portion
of
8­
hr
work
day
represented
by
work
period,
and
BW
=
71.8
kg
(
EPA
standard
adult
body
weight).

x
92.8
)
g
+
(
1100

60)
+
(
1

0.98])
+
(
1

71.8)
+
(
1

0.8258)

x
29.3
)
g
naphthalene/
kg
worker
weight/
work
day
2.
Calculation
of
value
for
each
analyte
not
detected
in/
on
samplers:
The
following
example
is
presented
for
chrysene
in
the
above­
noted
samples.

Analyte
level
adjusted
for
LOD:

Filter:
0.36
)
g

2
=
0.18
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
Front
tube/
front
sec.:
0.36
)
g

2
=
0.18
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
Front
tube/
rear
sec.:
0.36
)
g

2
=
0.18
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
rear
tube/
front
sec.:
0.36
)
g

2
=
0.18
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
Rear
tube/
rear
sec.:
0.36
)
g

2
=
0.18
)
g
(
50%
of
LOD)
TOTAL:
0.90
)
g
Analyte
level
normalized
to
standard
worker
respiration
rate,
body
weight,
and
work
day
length:

Corr.
)
g/
sample
=
adj.
)
g/
sample
+
(
RR

60)
+
(
1

FR])
+
(
1

BW)
+
(
1

DW)

Where
FR
=
calibrated
pump
flow
rate
(
L/
min),
RR
=
1100
L/
hr
(
EPA­
recommended
"
light
work"
respiration
rate),
DW
=
portion
of
8­
hr
work
day
represented
by
work
period,
and
BW
=
71.8
kg
(
EPA
standard
adult
body
weight).

x
0.90
)
g
+
(
1100

60)
+
(
1

0.98])
+
(
1

71.8)
+
(
1

0.8258)

x
0.284
)
g
chrysene/
kg
worker
weight/
work
day
For
analytes
present
between
LOD
and
LOQ,
a
residue
level
of
50%
LOQ
was
assigned
for
each
sampler.

3.
Determination
of
total
adjusted
analytes
in/
on
samplers.
Individual
and
total
values
shown
below
are
found
in
Table
XXVII
(
LLO,
Replicate
1).

CTPVs:
3.16
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Naphthalene:
~
29.3
)
g
(
by
calculation
from
quantifiable
residues)
2­
Methylnaphthalene:
~
3.78
)
g
(
by
calculation
from
quantifiable
residues)
1­
Methylnaphthalene:
~
3.51
)
g
(
by
calculation
from
quantifiable
residues)
Acenapthene:
~
3.88
)
g
(
by
calculation
from
quantifiable
residues)
Dibenzofuran:
0.54
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Fluorine:
0.38
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Phenanthrene:
0.28
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Anthracene:
0.402
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Pyrene:
0.371
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Chrysene:
0.284
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)
Benzo­
a­
pyrene:
0.402
)
g
(
by
adjustment
for
50%
LOD)

TOTAL:
~
46.3
)
g
(
total
of
all
above­
listed
individual
values)

Due
to
the
number
of
separate
calculations
required
for
analyte
level
determination
in/
on
each
sampler,
the
procedures
described
above
were
performed
using
linked
electronic
spreadsheets
and
calculated
using
the
native
precision
of
the
spreadsheet
software
(
Lotus
®
123
 
Release
9.5):
therefore,
calculation
results
may
differ
slightly
from
those
derived
by
hand
from
the
same
raw
data,
due
to
rounding
of
intermediate
values.

While
reviewing
the
exposure
study
results,
we
noted
the
following
additional
items:
corrections
to
raw
data
values
for
two
samples
(
Site
B,
Replicate
1,
front
section
of
the
front
tube,
for
naphthalene;
and
Site
C,
Replicate
5,
front
section
of
the
front
tube,
for
1­
methylnaphthalene)
that
had
been
provided
by
the
analytical
laboratory
were
inadvertently
not
applied
to
the
data
during
processing.
In
addition,
corrections
for
storage
stability
were
incorrectly
applied
to
certain
samples
collected
at
Site
C.
Revised
tables
and
figures
reflecting
these
corrections
are
appended
to
this
report.
Dose
levels
and
MOEs
calculated
from
the
revised
data,
shown
in
the
following
table,
do
not
differ
appreciably
from
those
calculated
by
EPA's
reviewers.

7.
There
were
inconsistencies
in
the
raw
data
and
examples
provided
by
the
study
authors:
e.
g.,
inhalation
raw
data
did
not
reflect
data
found
in
bar
graphs.

The
bar
graphs
shown
on
pages
71­
73
of
the
final
report
were
generated
from
the
data
shown
in
Tables
XXVI­
XXVIII
(
pages
144­
146)
by
means
of
intermediate
steps
which
were
shown
as
separate
tables
(
including
only
partial
headings
and
identification)
on
the
QAU­
audited
electronic
data
file
submitted
with
the
study
raw
data,
but
which
were
not
included
in
the
report
(
to
conserve
space).
Those
intermediate
tables
(
with
rows
and
columns
resized
and
reformatted
for
clarity;
including
complete
headings
and
doubleletter
rather
than
numeric,
identifiers;
and
reflecting
the
data
corrections
noted
in
item
#
6
above)
are
included
in
Appendix
1.

For
each
replicate
of
monitoring
of
each
subject,
the
calculated
inhalation
exposure
values
for
the
individual
creosote
components
shown
in
table
XXVI,
XXVII,
or
XXVIII
were
summed,
to
generate
a
value
representing
the
total
calculated
exposure
to
all
target
residues.
This
appears
in
the
far
right
column
of
the
table,
which
was
not
reproduced
in
the
final
report.
The
complete
version
of
each
table
is
included
in
Appendix
1.
Summary
of
inhalation
exposure
and
risk
derived
from
revised*
sample
data.
Daily
exposure
Daily
dose
Lifetime
a.
d.
d.
Job
mg/
day
mg/
kg/
day
mg/
kg/
day
MOE
class
G.
M.**
Max**
G.
M.
Max
G.
M.
Max
G.
M.
Max
TO
8.2
30.0
0.117
0.429
0.021
0.078
10.3
2.80
TA
4.8
7.3
0.069
0.104
0.013
0.019
17.3
11.5
TB
6.5
16.6
0.092
0.237
2.36
6.05
13.0
5.07
LLO
3.6
22.1
0.051
0.316
1.30
8.09
23.5
3.79
LLO(
F)
7.6
18.6
0.109
0.266
2.78
6.81
11.0
4.51
LH
1.3
1.7
0.018
0.024
0.471
0.614
65.1
50.0
CLO
15.5
48.6
0.221
0.695
5.65
17.8
5.43
1.73
CH
19.7
76.6
0.281
1.094
7.20
28.0
4.26
1.10
WO
7.7
9.1
0.110
0.130
2.81
3.33
10.9
9.22
CK
3.0
7.0
0.042
0.099
1.09
2.54
28.3
12.1
OU
11.6
18.2
0.166
0.260
4.24
6.64
7.24
4.62
DP
4.3
12.0
0.061
0.172
1.55
4.40
19.7
6.98
*
Storage
stability
corrections
applied
to
Site
C
replicates
28­
34
and
removed
elsew
here;
raw
data
values
corrected
for
Site
B
Rep.
1
and
Site
C
Rep
5.
**
G.
M.
=
calculated
using
geometric
mean
of
individual
w
orker
replicate
The
individual­
replicate
exposures
shown
in
the
numbered
tables
were
rearranged
to
permit
the
calculation
of
exposures
for
each
job
class,
averaged
over
all
test
sites,
shown
in
in
Table
AA.
The
geometric
mean
exposures
calculated
in
Table
AA
were
summarized
in
Table
BB,
which
was
used
to
generate
the
figure
shown
on
Page
71
of
the
final
report.

I
n
addition,
the
geometric
means
of
the
total
exposures
for
all
analytes
(
new
column)
of
Tables
XXVI­
XXVIII
were
summarized
by
job
class
within
test
sites
as
Table
GG,
which
itself
was
the
source
of
the
values
shown
in
the
figures
presented
on
Pages
72­
73
for
Test
Sites
B,
C,
and
D.
These
tables
and
graphs,
reflecting
the
data
revisions
noted
in
Item
#
6
above,
are
included
in
Appendix
1.
The
original
electronic
file
(
based
on
uncorrected
data),
as
well
as
a
revised
version
of
the
original
electronic
file,
including
the
data
corrections,
is
available
for
review.
Appendix
1
Revised
inhalation
tables
and
graphs
based
on
corrected
worker
exposure
data.
Table
XXVI.
Inhalation
exposure
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to
creosote
components:
Site
B.
Mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
body
w
eight/
w
ork
day)
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to:
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Job
Rep.
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
TOTAL
WO
1
11.3
29
44.8
29.6
3.50
3.41
3.25
0.256
0.363
0.335
0.256
0.363
127
7
2.83
82.9
13.7
9.25
0.33
0.49
0.340
0.255
0.361
0.333
0.255
0.361
111
13
11.5
61.3
12.3
8.02
3.59
0.50
0.351
0.263
0.373
0.343
0.263
0.373
99.2
19
10.8
61.8
9.3
6.45
3.37
0.47
0.329
0.247
0.349
0.322
0.247
0.349
94.0
Mean:
9.11
59
20.0
13.3
2.70
1.22
1.07
0.255
0.362
0.333
0.255
0.362
108
S.
D.:
4.20
22.1
16.6
10.9
1.58
1.46
1.46
0.007
0.010
0.009
0.007
0.010
15
G.
M.
7.94
55.1
16.3
10.9
1.94
0.79
0.598
0.255
0.362
0.333
0.255
0.362
107
Median:
11.0
61.5
13.0
8.64
3.43
0.50
0.345
0.256
0.362
0.334
0.256
0.362
105
LH
2
2.99
6.62
3.59
3.33
0.35
0.52
0.359
0.269
0.382
0.352
0.269
0.382
19.4
8
12.5
3.49
3.78
0.42
0.37
0.54
0.379
0.284
0.402
0.371
0.284
0.402
23.2
14
2.96
7.49
3.55
3.29
3.63
0.51
0.355
0.266
0.377
0.348
0.266
0.377
23.4
20
2.98
3.30
0.35
0.39
0.35
0.51
0.357
0.268
0.380
0.350
0.268
0.380
9.9
Mean:
5.35
5.23
2.82
1.86
1.18
0.52
0.363
0.272
0.385
0.355
0.272
0.385
19.0
S.
D.:
4.74
2.14
1.65
1.67
1.64
0.02
0.011
0.008
0.012
0.011
0.008
0.012
6.33
G.
M.
4.26
4.89
2.03
1.16
0.64
0.52
0.362
0.272
0.385
0.355
0.272
0.385
18.0
Median:
2.99
5.06
3.57
1.85
0.36
0.52
0.358
0.269
0.381
0.351
0.269
0.381
21.3
LLO
3
11.9
3.34
3.62
0.40
3.71
0.52
0.362
0.271
0.385
0.354
0.271
0.385
25.5
9
12.0
3.36
3.64
3.38
3.73
0.52
0.365
0.273
0.387
0.357
0.273
0.387
28.7
15
10.9
3.07
3.32
0.37
0.33
0.48
0.332
0.249
0.353
0.325
0.249
0.353
20.4
21
12.3
3.45
3.74
0.41
0.37
0.54
0.374
0.280
0.397
0.366
0.280
0.397
22.9
Mean:
11.8
3.30
3.58
1.14
2.03
0.51
0.358
0.269
0.381
0.351
0.269
0.381
24.4
S.
D.:
0.591
0.17
0.18
1.49
1.95
0.03
0.018
0.013
0.019
0.018
0.013
0.019
3.57
G.
M.
11.8
3.30
3.58
0.67
1.13
0.51
0.358
0.268
0.380
0.350
0.268
0.380
24.2
Median:
12.0
3.35
3.63
0.41
2.04
0.52
0.363
0.272
0.386
0.356
0.272
0.386
24.2
TA
4
3.11
49.7
10.61
3.45
3.82
0.54
3.55
0.280
0.396
0.365
0.280
0.396
76.5
10
2.96
64.4
15.67
9.12
3.64
0.51
3.38
0.267
0.378
0.348
0.267
0.378
101
16
2.94
14.4
3.53
3.27
0.35
0.51
0.35
0.265
0.375
0.346
0.265
0.375
26.9
22
12.2
70.4
7.28
3.44
3.80
0.53
0.37
0.278
0.394
0.363
0.278
0.394
100
Mean:
5.31
49.7
9.27
4.82
2.90
0.52
1.91
0.272
0.386
0.356
0.272
0.386
76.1
S.
D.:
4.60
25.1
5.15
2.87
1.71
0.01
1.79
0.008
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.011
34.7
G.
M.
4.27
42.4
8.08
4.34
2.07
0.52
1.12
0.272
0.386
0.356
0.272
0.386
67.5
Median:
3.04
57.1
8.94
3.44
3.72
0.52
1.88
0.273
0.386
0.356
0.273
0.386
88.1
TO
5
4.28
25.2
5.13
4.76
0.50
0.74
0.51
0.385
0.546
0.503
0.385
0.546
43
11
2.68
40.6
3.21
2.98
0.32
0.46
0.32
0.241
0.342
0.315
0.241
0.342
52
17
2.86
16.3
3.43
3.18
0.34
0.49
0.34
0.257
0.365
0.336
0.257
0.365
29
23
3.21
26.1
3.85
3.57
0.38
0.55
0.39
0.289
0.410
0.378
0.289
0.410
40
Mean:
3.26
27.0
3.91
3.62
0.38
0.56
0.39
0.293
0.416
0.383
0.293
0.416
41.0
S.
D.:
0.72
10.1
0.86
0.80
0.08
0.12
0.09
0.064
0.091
0.084
0.064
0.091
9.74
G.
M.
3.21
25.7
3.84
3.56
0.38
0.55
0.38
0.288
0.409
0.377
0.288
0.409
40.0
Median:
3.04
25.6
3.64
3.37
0.36
0.52
0.36
0.273
0.387
0.357
0.273
0.387
41.6
CLO
6
3.16
15.2
3.78
3.51
3.88
0.54
0.38
0.284
0.402
0.371
0.284
0.402
32
12
2.99
45.0
12.7
6.66
3.68
0.52
3.42
0.269
0.382
0.352
0.269
0.382
77
18
10.1
36.8
10.6
5.66
3.15
3.08
0.31
2.88
0.327
0.302
0.231
0.327
74
24
11.3
13.9
3.44
3.19
3.52
0.49
0.34
0.258
0.366
0.337
0.258
0.366
38
Mean:
6.90
27.7
7.64
4.75
3.56
1.16
1.11
0.923
0.369
0.340
0.261
0.369
55.1
S.
D.:
4.45
15.6
4.74
1.68
0.31
1.28
1.54
1.30
0.032
0.029
0.022
0.032
23.4
G.
M.
5.74
24.3
6.48
4.53
3.55
0.81
0.61
0.488
0.368
0.339
0.260
0.368
51.2
Median:
6.65
26.0
7.20
4.58
3.60
0.53
0.36
0.277
0.374
0.344
0.264
0.374
55.8
*
CLO
=
cylinder
area
loader
operator;
LLO
=
load­
out
area
loader
operator;
LH
=
load­
out
area
helper;
TA
=
treating
assistant;
TO
=
treating
operator;
WO
=
w
ater
treatment
system
operator.
Table
XXVII.
Inhalation
exposure
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to
creosote
components:
Site
C.
Mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
body
w
eight/
w
ork
day)
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to:
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Job
Rep.
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
TOTAL
LLO
1
3.16
29.3
3.78
3.51
3.88
0.54
0.38
0.28
0.402
0.371
0.284
0.402
46.3
7
11.2
164
60.0
25.5
28.4
11.9
3.24
3.19
0.362
0.334
0.256
0.362
308
14
2.88
75.3
23.9
10.2
12.9
3.45
3.28
3.23
0.367
0.338
0.259
0.367
137
21
2.93
45.3
15.7
3.26
3.60
3.51
3.34
0.264
0.374
0.344
0.264
0.374
79
28
3.36
73.3
25.5
11.19
14.2
4.03
3.84
3.77
0.429
0.395
0.303
0.429
141
Mean:
4.71
77.4
25.8
10.7
12.6
4.69
2.82
2.15
0.387
0.356
0.273
0.387
142
S.
D.:
3.65
52.0
21.0
9.0
10.1
4.28
1.38
1.73
0.028
0.026
0.020
0.028
101
G.
M.
3.98
65.4
18.5
8.03
9.39
3.16
2.20
1.24
0.386
0.356
0.272
0.386
117
Median:
3.16
73.3
23.9
10.24
12.9
3.51
3.28
3.19
0.374
0.344
0.264
0.374
137
CLO
2
3.16
94
32
13.4
16.4
3.78
3.60
3.54
0.402
0.371
0.284
0.402
172
8
2.87
286
116
51.0
66.5
27.9
20.2
11.4
0.366
0.337
0.258
0.366
584
15
11.4
343
124
54.8
73.0
31.2
23.1
13.4
3.173
0.338
0.259
0.367
677
22
2.94
255
98
43.3
60.1
25.9
19.3
11.0
0.375
0.346
0.265
0.375
517
29
3.32
358
122
53.0
73.3
30.0
22.9
13.23
0.423
0.390
0.299
0.423
676
Mean:
4.73
267
98
43.10
57.84
23.75
17.82
10.51
0.95
0.356
0.273
0.387
525
S.
D.:
3.72
105
38
17.18
23.82
11.35
8.12
4.04
1.24
0.023
0.018
0.025
209
G.
M.
3.99
243
89
38.62
51.14
19.12
14.93
9.53
0.59
0.356
0.273
0.386
473
Median:
3.16
286
116
51.01
66.47
27.94
20.25
11.43
0.40
0.346
0.265
0.375
584
CH
3
3.15
57.1
19.3
3.50
10.5
3.77
3.59
0.283
0.401
0.370
0.283
0.401
103
9
2.92
216
83.1
35.4
47.4
19.9
14.5
3.281
0.373
0.344
0.263
0.373
424
16
2.89
221
83.4
37.4
51.6
22.1
16.8
10.0
0.368
0.339
0.260
0.368
447
23
2.91
283
117
51.9
75.8
32.8
24.7
14.9
3.207
0.342
0.262
0.371
607
30
3.38
286
101
44.0
61.4
25.1
19.4
11.69
0.431
0.397
0.304
0.431
553
Mean:
3.05
213
81
34.4
49.3
20.7
15.8
8.03
0.96
0.36
0.27
0.39
427
S.
D.:
0.21
93.1
37.1
18.5
24.3
10.7
7.82
6.07
1.26
0.03
0.02
0.03
196
G.
M.
3.04
186
69.1
25.4
41.3
16.9
13.3
4.38
0.60
0.36
0.27
0.39
366
Median:
2.92
221
83.4
37.4
51.6
22.1
16.8
9.98
0.40
0.34
0.26
0.37
447
CK
4
13.5
3.78
4.09
0.452
0.401
0.588
0.409
0.307
0.435
0.401
0.307
0.435
25
10
2.63
14.9
19.4
7.33
3.23
3.152
3.00
2.95
0.336
0.309
0.237
0.336
58
17
2.89
28.9
30.0
11.6
12.3
3.47
3.30
3.25
0.369
0.340
0.260
0.369
97
24
3.18
3.52
3.81
0.421
3.91
0.548
0.381
0.286
0.405
0.374
0.286
0.405
18
31
2.82
16.3
18.5
3.13
3.46
3.37
0.338
0.253
0.359
0.331
0.253
0.359
49
Mean:
5.00
13.5
15.1
4.59
4.65
2.23
1.49
1.41
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
49.4
S.
D.:
4.74
10.5
11.2
4.84
4.48
1.52
1.52
1.55
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.04
31.4
G.
M.
3.91
9.9
11.1
2.19
2.93
1.64
0.88
0.73
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
41.4
Median:
2.89
14.9
18.5
3.13
3.46
3.15
0.41
0.31
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
49.5
TB
5
18.0
175
21.2
3.506
3.878
3.78
3.60
0.284
0.402
0.371
0.284
0.402
231
11
3.05
83.5
25.9
9.7
10.6
3.65
3.48
3.42
0.388
0.358
0.274
0.388
145
18
3.09
73.2
30.5
12.5
16.1
3.70
3.53
3.47
0.394
0.363
0.278
0.394
148
25
3.12
55.4
13.5
3.46
3.83
0.537
0.374
0.280
0.397
0.366
0.280
0.397
82
32
2.87
83.2
29.2
11.02
3.53
3.44
3.279
0.259
0.366
0.338
0.259
0.366
138
Mean:
6.02
94
24.1
8.04
7.59
3.02
2.85
1.54
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
149
S.
D.:
6.69
46.7
6.92
4.28
5.62
1.39
1.39
1.74
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
53.2
G.
M.
4.33
86.8
23.1
6.95
6.17
2.48
2.22
0.75
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
141
Median:
3.09
83.2
25.9
9.68
3.88
3.65
3.48
0.28
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
145
TO
6
3.04
279
74.2
27.9
23.0
3.64
3.47
3.409
0.387
0.357
0.273
0.387
419
12
11.0
116
32.8
12.2
11.9
3.34
3.18
3.124
0.355
0.327
0.251
0.355
195
19
3.35
149
37.0
14.5
14.5
4.02
3.8
3.764
0.428
0.394
0.302
0.428
232
26
3.36
112
77.3
29.3
23.8
10.7
3.836
3.772
0.429
0.395
0.303
0.429
266
33
3.85
59.4
21.0
4.28
4.74
4.62
0.462
0.347
0.491
0.453
0.347
0.491
100
Mean:
4.92
143.1
48.47
17.64
15.57
5.27
2.95
2.88
0.42
0.39
0.30
0.42
242
S.
D.:
3.41
82
25.63
10.72
7.98
3.09
1.42
1.44
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.05
116
G.
M.
4.29
126
42.96
14.40
13.48
4.75
2.37
2.21
0.42
0.38
0.29
0.42
219
Median:
3.36
116
37.04
14.49
14.51
4.02
3.47
3.41
0.43
0.39
0.30
0.43
232
DP
13
6.48
94
32.8
7.20
7.96
7.76
7.39
0.583
0.826
0.761
0.583
0.826
168
20
3.59
15.1
4.30
3.99
4.41
0.619
0.431
0.323
0.458
0.422
0.323
0.458
34
27
4.70
22.2
5.63
0.62
5.77
0.810
0.564
0.423
0.599
0.552
0.423
0.599
43
34
7.96
23.6
9.55
1.06
0.936
1.37
0.956
0.717
1.015
0.936
0.717
1.015
50
Mean:
5.68
38.8
13.1
3.22
4.77
2.64
2.33
0.511
0.724
0.668
0.511
0.724
74
S.
D.:
1.93
37.2
13.3
3.05
2.94
3.43
3.38
0.174
0.246
0.227
0.174
0.246
62.9
G.
M.
5.43
29.4
9.33
2.08
3.71
1.52
1.14
0.489
0.692
0.638
0.489
0.692
59.3
Median:
5.59
22.9
7.59
2.52
5.09
1.09
0.760
0.503
0.712
0.656
0.503
0.712
46.4
*
CH
=
cylinder
area
loader
helper;
CH
=
checker;
CLO
=
cylinder
area
loader
operator;
DP
=
drip
pad
labor;
LLO
=
load­
out
area
loader
operator;
TB
=
test
borer;
TO
=
treating
operator;
Table
XXVIII.
Inhalation
exposure
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to
creosote
components:
Site
D.
Mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
body
w
eight/
w
ork
day)
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to:
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Job*
Rep.
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
TOTAL
TO
1
6.28
52.5
7.5
6.98
7.72
1.083
0.754
0.565
0.801
0.738
0.565
0.801
86.4
7
3.41
56.6
14.6
3.78
4.19
4.08
0.409
0.306
0.434
0.400
0.306
0.434
88.9
13
2.75
156
20.7
7.74
3.38
3.29
3.14
3.084
0.350
0.323
0.247
0.350
201
19
5.91
92.7
17.3
6.57
7.27
7.09
6.75
0.532
0.754
0.695
0.532
0.754
147
25
3.16
147
23.8
9.58
11.71
3.79
3.61
3.551
0.403
0.372
0.285
0.403
208
Mean:
4.30
101
16.8
6.93
6.85
3.87
2.93
1.61
0.55
0.51
0.39
0.55
146
S.
D.:
1.66
48.8
6.24
2.10
3.31
2.15
2.56
1.57
0.21
0.20
0.15
0.21
58.5
G.
M.
4.06
91.2
15.6
6.63
6.22
3.30
1.88
1.00
0.52
0.48
0.37
0.52
136
Median:
3.41
93
17.3
6.98
7.27
3.79
3.14
0.57
0.43
0.40
0.31
0.43
147
LLO
2
4.05
9.5
4.9
4.50
0.48
0.70
0.486
0.364
0.516
0.476
0.364
0.516
26.8
(
F)
8
11.6
128
23.4
9.9
11.7
3.51
3.34
3.29
0.374
0.344
0.264
0.374
196
14
11.9
107
20.3
8.4
10.1
3.62
3.45
3.39
0.386
0.355
0.272
0.386
169
20
3.13
164
38.7
14.7
20.7
9.41
3.57
3.51
0.399
0.368
0.282
0.399
260
26
11.8
23.6
3.6
3.31
3.66
3.57
3.40
3.34
0.380
0.350
0.268
0.380
57.6
Mean:
8.49
86.5
18.2
8.17
9.32
4.16
2.85
2.78
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
142
S.
D.:
4.49
67.3
14.5
4.55
7.84
3.19
1.32
1.35
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.06
97
G.
M.
7.29
55.1
12.6
7.11
5.31
3.13
2.33
2.17
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
106
Median:
11.6
107
20.3
8.4
10.1
3.57
3.40
3.34
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
169
LLO
3
4.19
4.6
5.0
0.55
5.14
0.72
0.502
0.377
0.534
0.492
0.377
0.534
23.1
9
3.20
18.1
3.8
3.55
3.93
0.55
0.383
0.288
0.407
0.376
0.288
0.407
35.3
15
3.08
18.1
3.7
3.43
3.79
0.53
0.370
0.278
0.393
0.362
0.278
0.393
34.7
21
3.02
74.1
17.6
7.58
11.94
3.62
3.45
3.392
0.385
0.355
0.272
0.385
126
27
3.12
7.4
3.74
0.41
3.84
0.54
0.375
0.281
0.398
0.367
0.281
0.398
21
Mean:
3.32
24.5
6.78
3.10
5.73
1.19
1.02
0.92
0.42
0.39
0.30
0.42
48.1
S.
D.:
0.49
28.4
6.08
2.92
3.52
1.36
1.36
1.38
0.06
0.06
0.04
0.06
44.1
G.
M.
3.30
15.3
5.42
1.84
5.12
0.84
0.62
0.49
0.42
0.39
0.30
0.42
37.6
Median:
3.12
18.1
3.83
3.43
3.93
0.55
0.38
0.29
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
34.7
CLO
4
5.61
13.4
6.7
0.74
0.66
0.97
0.674
0.505
0.716
0.660
0.505
0.716
31.9
10
12.1
108
20.5
8.22
9.98
3.67
3.49
3.43
0.390
0.360
0.276
0.390
171
16
3.34
46.0
8.2
3.71
4.10
0.58
0.400
0.300
0.425
0.392
0.300
0.425
68.2
22
3.22
97
20.4
8.6
11.5
3.86
3.68
3.616
0.411
0.379
0.290
0.411
153
28
3.10
105
19.8
8.3
11.6
3.72
3.54
3.479
0.395
0.364
0.279
0.395
160
Mean:
5.47
73.9
15.1
5.91
7.56
2.56
2.36
2.27
0.47
0.43
0.33
0.47
117
S.
D.:
3.84
42.1
7.02
3.52
4.92
1.64
1.67
1.70
0.14
0.13
0.10
0.14
62.6
G.
M.
4.69
58.4
13.6
4.38
5.14
1.97
1.65
1.46
0.45
0.42
0.32
0.45
98
Median:
3.34
97
19.8
8.2
10.0
3.67
3.49
3.43
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
153
CH
5
3.94
10.1
4.7
0.52
0.46
0.680
0.473
0.355
0.503
0.463
0.355
0.503
23.1
11
3.11
747
120
50.51
62.0
29.0
25.6
18.7
6.45
3.56
0.280
0.396
1,066
17
3.23
69.4
10.3
3.59
3.97
0.557
0.388
0.291
0.412
0.380
0.291
0.412
93
23
3.24
447
120
53.9
69.6
33.2
25.2
18.4
3.57
3.70
0.291
0.413
779
29
3.28
142
27.2
9.4
12.93
3.93
3.75
3.683
0.419
0.386
0.295
0.419
208
Mean:
3.36
283
56.43
23.59
29.79
13.48
11.09
8.27
2.27
1.70
0.30
0.43
434
S.
D.:
0.33
309
58.61
26.33
33.29
16.22
13.15
9.45
2.70
1.76
0.03
0.04
462
G.
M.
3.35
127
28.57
8.64
10.05
4.28
3.38
2.65
1.15
0.98
0.30
0.43
206
Median:
3.24
142
27.16
9.44
12.93
3.93
3.75
3.68
0.50
0.46
0.29
0.41
208
OU
6
8.29
180.6
29.4
9.21
10.19
9.93
0.995
0.746
1.057
0.974
0.746
1.057
253
12
2.95
123.6
21.3
8.45
8.43
3.53
3.37
3.31
0.376
0.347
0.265
0.376
176
18
3.02
99.2
15.5
3.36
3.72
3.62
3.45
3.39
0.385
0.355
0.272
0.385
137
24
3.06
95.8
15.7
3.40
3.76
3.67
3.49
3.43
0.390
0.360
0.275
0.390
134
30
4.19
94.4
14.5
4.65
5.15
5.02
4.78
0.377
0.534
0.492
0.377
0.534
135
Mean:
4.30
119
19.27
5.81
6.25
5.15
3.22
2.25
0.55
0.51
0.39
0.55
167
S.
D.:
2.29
36.6
6.25
2.81
2.92
2.74
1.37
1.55
0.29
0.27
0.21
0.29
51
G.
M.
3.94
115
18.56
5.29
5.73
4.72
2.86
1.61
0.50
0.46
0.35
0.50
162
Median:
3.06
99
15.65
4.65
5.15
3.67
3.45
3.31
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
137
*
CH
=
cylinder
area
loader
helper;
CLO
=
cylinder
area
loader
operator;
LLO(
F)
=
load­
out
forklift
operator;
LLO
=
load­
out
area
loader
operator;
OU
=
oil
unloader;
TO
=
treating
operator.
Table
AA.
Summary
of
daily
inhalation
exposure
to
creosote
components
of
pressure­
treatment
workers,
by
job
classification.
Mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
body
w
eight/
work
day)
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to:
Job
Test
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Total
class
site
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
analytes
TO
B
4.28
25.16
5.13
4.76
0.503
0.738
0.514
0.385
0.546
0.503
0.385
0.546
43.4
2.68
40.59
3.21
2.98
0.315
0.462
0.322
0.241
0.342
0.315
0.241
0.342
52.0
2.86
16.31
3.43
3.18
0.336
0.493
0.343
0.257
0.365
0.336
0.257
0.365
28.5
3.21
26.08
3.85
3.57
0.378
0.554
0.386
0.289
0.410
0.378
0.289
0.410
39.8
C
3.04
279
74.2
27.9
23.0
3.64
3.47
3.41
0.387
0.357
0.273
0.387
419
11.0
116
32.8
12.2
11.9
3.34
3.18
3.12
0.355
0.327
0.251
0.355
195
3.35
149
37.0
14.5
14.5
4.02
3.8
3.76
0.428
0.394
0.302
0.428
232
3.36
112
77.3
29.3
23.8
10.7
3.84
3.77
0.429
0.395
0.303
0.429
266
3.85
59.4
21.0
4.3
4.7
4.62
0.46
0.35
0.491
0.453
0.347
0.491
100.5
D
6.28
52.5
7.53
6.98
7.72
1.08
0.75
0.57
0.80
0.74
0.57
0.80
86.4
3.41
56.6
14.6
3.78
4.19
4.08
0.41
0.31
0.43
0.40
0.31
0.43
88.9
2.75
156
20.7
7.74
3.38
3.29
3.14
3.08
0.35
0.32
0.25
0.35
201
5.91
93
17.3
6.57
7.27
7.09
6.75
0.53
0.75
0.69
0.53
0.75
147
3.16
147
23.8
9.6
11.7
3.79
3.61
3.55
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
208
Mean
4.23
95
24.4
9.8
8.12
3.42
2.21
1.69
0.464
0.428
0.327
0.464
150
S.
D.
2.24
71.9
24.3
8.7
7.96
2.88
2.0
1.60
0.144
0.133
0.102
0.144
110
G.
M.
3.87
71.3
15.0
7.32
3.68
2.26
1.30
0.931
0.447
0.412
0.316
0.447
114
Median
3.36
76.1
19.0
6.77
6.00
3.49
1.94
0.549
0.419
0.386
0.296
0.419
124
n
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
TA
B
3.11
49.7
10.6
3.45
3.82
0.54
3.55
0.280
0.396
0.365
0.280
0.396
76.5
2.96
64.4
15.7
9.12
3.64
0.51
3.38
0.267
0.378
0.348
0.267
0.378
101
2.94
14.4
3.53
3.27
0.35
0.51
0.353
0.265
0.375
0.346
0.265
0.375
26.9
12.2
70.4
7.28
3.44
3.80
0.53
0.371
0.278
0.394
0.363
0.278
0.394
100
Mean
5.31
49.71
9.27
4.82
2.90
0.52
1.91
0.27
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
76.1
S.
D.
4.60
25.11
5.15
2.87
1.71
0.01
1.79
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
34.7
G.
M.
4.27
42.41
8.08
4.34
2.07
0.52
1.12
0.27
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
67.5
Median
3.04
57.06
8.94
3.44
3.72
0.52
1.88
0.27
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
88.1
n
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
CLO*
B
3.16
15.23
3.78
3.51
3.88
0.54
0.38
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
32.22
2.99
45.00
12.74
6.66
3.68
0.52
3.42
0.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
76.67
10.14
36.77
10.61
5.66
3.15
3.08
0.31
2.88
0.33
0.30
0.23
0.33
73.79
11.33
13.91
3.44
3.19
3.52
0.49
0.34
0.26
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
37.81
TB*
C
17.99
175.14
21.21
3.51
3.88
3.78
3.60
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
230.85
3.05
83.48
25.94
9.68
10.60
3.65
3.48
3.42
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
144.69
3.09
73.24
30.53
12.52
16.12
3.70
3.53
3.47
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
147.64
3.12
55.38
13.53
3.46
3.83
0.54
0.37
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
81.94
2.87
83.24
29.24
11.02
3.53
3.44
3.28
0.26
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
138.21
Mean
6.41
64.60
16.78
6.58
5.80
2.19
2.08
1.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
107.09
S.
D.
5.48
49.05
10.37
3.63
4.51
1.60
1.64
1.50
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
63.65
G.
M.
4.91
49.33
13.14
5.75
4.83
1.51
1.25
0.62
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
89.94
Median
3.12
55.38
13.53
5.66
3.83
3.08
3.28
0.28
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
81.94
n
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
*
These
positions
w
ere
nearly
equivalent,
so
are
considered
together
here.
Table
AA,
continued.
Mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
body
w
eight/
w
ork
day)
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to:
Job
Test
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Total
class
site
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
analytes
LLO
B
11.91
3.34
3.62
0.40
3.71
0.52
0.36
0.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
25.5
12.00
3.36
3.64
3.38
3.73
0.52
0.36
0.27
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
28.7
10.94
3.07
3.32
0.37
0.33
0.48
0.33
0.25
0.35
0.33
0.25
0.35
20.4
12.31
3.45
3.74
0.41
0.37
0.54
0.37
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
22.9
C
3.16
29.28
3.78
3.51
3.88
0.54
0.38
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
46.3
11.23
163.6
60.0
25.5
28.4
11.94
3.24
3.19
0.36
0.33
0.26
0.36
308.4
2.88
75.3
23.9
10.2
12.9
3.45
3.28
3.23
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
136.5
2.93
45.3
15.7
3.3
3.6
3.51
3.34
0.26
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
79.3
3.36
73.3
25.5
11.2
14.2
4.03
3.84
3.77
0.43
0.40
0.30
0.43
140.8
D
4.19
4.63
5.02
0.55
5.14
0.72
0.50
0.38
0.53
0.49
0.38
0.53
23.1
3.20
18.11
3.83
3.55
3.93
0.55
0.38
0.29
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
35.3
3.08
18.09
3.70
3.43
3.79
0.53
0.37
0.28
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
34.7
3.02
74.08
17.61
7.58
11.94
3.62
3.45
3.39
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
126.1
3.12
7.44
3.74
0.41
3.84
0.54
0.37
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
21.2
Mean
6.24
37.31
12.65
5.27
7.13
2.25
1.47
1.17
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
74.9
S.
D.
4.23
45.99
15.86
6.84
7.51
3.14
1.52
1.46
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.04
80.9
G.
M.
5.08
16.58
7.46
2.34
4.13
1.17
0.83
0.58
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
49.7
Median
3.28
18.10
3.81
3.40
3.86
0.55
0.38
0.28
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
35.0
n
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
CLO
C
3.16
94.5
32.1
13.4
16.4
3.78
3.60
3.54
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
172
2.87
286.1
116.1
51.0
66.5
27.9
20.2
11.4
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
584
11.37
342.7
123.8
54.8
73.0
31.2
23.1
13.4
3.17
0.34
0.26
0.37
677
2.94
255.4
97.5
43.3
60.1
25.9
19.3
11.0
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
517
3.32
357.6
121.6
53.0
73.3
30.0
22.9
13.2
0.42
0.39
0.30
0.42
676
D
5.61
13.43
6.73
0.74
0.66
0.97
0.67
0.51
0.72
0.66
0.51
0.72
31.9
12.09
108.25
20.49
8.22
9.98
3.67
3.49
3.43
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
171
3.34
46.03
8.22
3.71
4.10
0.58
0.40
0.30
0.43
0.39
0.30
0.43
68.2
3.22
96.52
20.45
8.59
11.48
3.86
3.68
3.62
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
153
3.10
105.10
19.83
8.27
11.58
3.72
3.54
3.48
0.40
0.36
0.28
0.40
160
Mean
5.10
170.56
56.68
24.50
32.70
13.15
10.09
6.39
0.71
0.39
0.30
0.43
321
S.
D.
3.59
126.85
50.93
22.82
31.07
13.53
9.85
5.23
0.87
0.10
0.07
0.10
260
G.
M.
4.32
119.10
34.68
13.00
16.21
6.13
4.97
3.72
0.52
0.39
0.30
0.42
216
Median
3.27
106.67
26.30
10.99
13.97
3.82
3.64
3.58
0.41
0.37
0.28
0.40
171
n
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
CH
C
3.15
57.06
19.27
3.50
10.52
3.77
3.59
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
103
2.92
216.13
83.11
35.36
47.37
19.85
14.47
3.28
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
424
2.89
221.29
83.45
37.40
51.56
22.13
16.80
9.98
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
447
2.91
283.29
116.69
51.95
75.82
32.83
24.74
14.91
3.21
0.34
0.26
0.37
607
3.38
285.87
100.93
43.96
61.42
25.07
19.35
11.69
0.43
0.40
0.30
0.43
553
D
3.94
10.07
4.73
0.52
0.46
0.68
0.47
0.35
0.50
0.46
0.35
0.50
23
3.11
746.73
119.78
50.51
61.99
29.03
25.64
18.68
6.45
3.56
0.28
0.40
1066
3.23
69.43
10.29
3.59
3.97
0.56
0.39
0.29
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
93
3.24
446.98
120.20
53.86
69.60
33.18
25.21
18.36
3.57
3.70
0.29
0.41
779
3.28
142.28
27.16
9.44
12.93
3.93
3.75
3.68
0.42
0.39
0.30
0.42
208
Mean
3.21
247.91
68.56
29.01
39.56
17.10
13.44
8.15
1.61
1.03
0.29
0.41
430
S.
D.
0.31
218.29
47.96
22.19
29.35
13.50
10.50
7.49
2.10
1.37
0.03
0.04
335
G.
M.
3.19
153.65
44.43
14.81
20.37
8.50
6.71
3.41
0.83
0.59
0.29
0.41
274
Median
3.19
218.71
83.28
36.38
49.47
20.99
15.63
6.83
0.42
0.38
0.29
0.41
435
n
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Table
AA,
continued.
Mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
body
w
eight/
work
day)
of
pressure­
treatment
w
orkers
to:
Job
Test
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Total
class
site
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
analytes
WO
B
11.26
29.37
44.84
29.63
3.50
3.41
3.25
0.26
0.36
0.33
0.26
0.36
127
2.83
82.88
13.71
9.25
0.33
0.49
0.34
0.26
0.36
0.33
0.26
0.36
111
11.54
61.27
12.31
8.02
3.59
0.50
0.35
0.26
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
99
10.82
61.76
9.27
6.45
3.37
0.47
0.33
0.25
0.35
0.32
0.25
0.35
94
Mean
9.11
58.82
20.03
13.34
2.70
1.22
1.07
0.26
0.36
0.33
0.26
0.36
108
S.
D.
4.20
22.07
16.64
10.92
1.58
1.46
1.46
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
15
G.
M.
7.94
55.09
16.27
10.92
1.94
0.79
0.60
0.26
0.36
0.33
0.26
0.36
107
Median
11.04
61.51
13.01
8.64
3.43
0.50
0.35
0.26
0.36
0.33
0.26
0.36
105
n
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
CK
C
13.48
3.78
4.09
0.45
0.40
0.59
0.41
0.31
0.43
0.40
0.31
0.43
25.1
2.63
14.85
19.36
7.33
3.23
3.15
3.00
2.95
0.34
0.31
0.24
0.34
57.7
2.89
28.86
29.96
11.64
12.27
3.47
3.30
3.25
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
97
3.18
3.52
3.81
0.42
3.91
0.55
0.38
0.29
0.41
0.37
0.29
0.41
17.5
2.82
16.34
18.48
3.13
3.46
3.37
0.34
0.25
0.36
0.33
0.25
0.36
49.5
Mean
5.00
13.47
15.14
4.59
4.65
2.23
1.49
1.41
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
49.4
S.
D.
4.74
10.49
11.17
4.84
4.48
1.52
1.52
1.55
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.04
31.4
G.
M.
3.91
9.86
11.08
2.19
2.93
1.64
0.88
0.73
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
41.4
Median
2.89
14.85
18.48
3.13
3.46
3.15
0.41
0.31
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
49.5
n
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
OU
D
8.29
180.56
29.37
9.21
10.19
9.93
0.99
0.75
1.06
0.97
0.75
1.06
253
2.95
123.59
21.34
8.45
8.43
3.53
3.37
3.31
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
176
3.02
99.16
15.49
3.36
3.72
3.62
3.45
3.39
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
137
3.06
95.77
15.65
3.40
3.76
3.67
3.49
3.43
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
134
4.19
94.37
14.50
4.65
5.15
5.02
4.78
0.38
0.53
0.49
0.38
0.53
135
Mean
4.30
118.69
19.27
5.81
6.25
5.15
3.22
2.25
0.55
0.51
0.39
0.55
167
S.
D.
2.29
36.57
6.25
2.81
2.92
2.74
1.37
1.55
0.29
0.27
0.21
0.29
51.4
G.
M.
3.94
114.87
18.56
5.29
5.73
4.72
2.86
1.61
0.50
0.46
0.35
0.50
162
Median
3.06
99.16
15.65
4.65
5.15
3.67
3.45
3.31
0.39
0.36
0.28
0.39
137
n
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
DP
C
6.48
94.43
32.78
7.20
7.96
7.76
7.39
0.58
0.83
0.76
0.58
0.83
168
3.59
15.12
4.30
3.99
4.41
0.62
0.43
0.32
0.46
0.42
0.32
0.46
34.5
4.70
22.15
5.63
0.62
5.77
0.81
0.56
0.42
0.60
0.55
0.42
0.60
42.8
7.96
23.63
9.55
1.06
0.94
1.37
0.96
0.72
1.02
0.94
0.72
1.02
49.9
Mean
5.68
38.83
13.07
3.22
4.77
2.64
2.33
0.51
0.72
0.67
0.51
0.72
73.7
S.
D.
1.93
37.25
13.33
3.05
2.94
3.43
3.38
0.17
0.25
0.23
0.17
0.25
62.9
G.
M.
5.43
29.40
9.33
2.08
3.71
1.52
1.14
0.49
0.69
0.64
0.49
0.69
59.3
Median
5.59
22.89
7.59
2.52
5.09
1.09
0.76
0.50
0.71
0.66
0.50
0.71
46.4
n
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
LH
B
2.99
6.62
3.59
3.33
0.35
0.52
0.36
0.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
19.4
12.46
3.49
3.78
0.42
0.37
0.54
0.38
0.28
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
23.2
2.96
7.49
3.55
3.29
3.63
0.51
0.35
0.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
23.4
2.98
3.30
0.35
0.39
0.35
0.51
0.36
0.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
9.9
Mean
5.35
5.23
2.82
1.86
1.18
0.52
0.36
0.27
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
19.0
S.
D.
4.74
2.14
1.65
1.67
1.64
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
6.33
G.
M.
4.26
4.89
2.03
1.16
0.64
0.52
0.36
0.27
0.39
0.35
0.27
0.39
18.0
Median
2.99
5.06
3.57
1.85
0.36
0.52
0.36
0.27
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
21.3
n
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
LLO(
F)
D
4.05
9.52
4.85
4.50
0.48
0.70
0.49
0.36
0.52
0.48
0.36
0.52
26.81
11.58
128.24
23.37
9.92
11.67
3.51
3.34
3.29
0.37
0.34
0.26
0.37
196.28
11.95
106.89
20.27
8.40
10.08
3.62
3.45
3.39
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
169.45
3.13
164.45
38.72
14.71
20.69
9.41
3.57
3.51
0.40
0.37
0.28
0.40
259.64
11.77
23.58
3.57
3.31
3.66
3.57
3.40
3.34
0.38
0.35
0.27
0.38
57.58
Mean
8.49
86.54
18.16
8.17
9.32
4.16
2.85
2.78
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
141.95
S.
D.
4.49
67.30
14.53
4.55
7.84
3.19
1.32
1.35
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.06
97.38
G.
M.
7.29
55.06
12.60
7.11
5.31
3.13
2.33
2.17
0.41
0.38
0.29
0.41
105.92
Median
11.58
106.89
20.27
8.40
10.08
3.57
3.40
3.34
0.39
0.36
0.27
0.39
169.45
n
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Table
BB.
G.
M.
daily
inhalation
exposure
of
pressure
treatment
w
orkers
to
creosote
components;
by
job
class
over
all
monitored
test
sites.
Geometric
mean
daily
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
bw
/
day)
to:
Job
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
µ
g
Total
class
CTPV
N
2­
MN
1­
MN
Ac
DBF
F
Ph
An
Py
C
BAP
residues
TO
3.87
71.3
15.0
7.32
3.68
2.26
1.30
0.931
0.447
0.412
0.316
0.447
114
TA
4.27
42.4
8.08
4.34
2.07
0.522
1.12
0.272
0.386
0.356
0.272
0.386
67.5
TB
4.91
49.3
13.1
5.75
4.83
1.51
1.25
0.622
0.380
0.350
0.268
0.380
89.9
LLO
5.08
16.6
7.46
2.34
4.13
1.17
0.834
0.575
0.396
0.365
0.280
0.396
49.7
LLO(
F)
7.29
55.1
12.6
7.11
5.31
3.13
2.33
2.17
0.408
0.376
0.288
0.408
106
LH
4.26
4.89
2.03
1.16
0.64
0.52
0.362
0.272
0.385
0.355
0.272
0.385
18.0
CLO
4.32
119
34.7
13.0
16.2
6.13
4.97
3.72
0.519
0.386
0.296
0.419
216
CH
3.19
154
44.4
14.8
20.4
8.50
6.71
3.41
0.828
0.591
0.287
0.407
274
WO
7.94
55.1
16.3
10.92
1.94
0.79
0.598
0.255
0.362
0.333
0.255
0.362
107
CK
3.91
9.9
11.1
2.19
2.93
1.64
0.878
0.734
0.379
0.349
0.268
0.379
41.4
OU
3.94
115
18.6
5.29
5.73
4.72
2.86
1.61
0.502
0.463
0.354
0.502
162
DP
5.43
29.40
9.33
2.08
3.71
1.52
1.14
0.49
0.692
0.638
0.489
0.692
59.3
Table
GG.
Summary
of
inhalation
exposure
(
µ
g
total
residues
per
kg
w
orker
w
t.
per
w
ork
day).
G.
M
Test
Job
total
site
class
residue
B
WO
67.5
LH
40.0
LLO
107.1
TA
51.2
TO
24.2
CLO
18.0
C
LLO
219.1
CLO
141.1
CH
473.3
CK
365.6
TB
116.8
TO
59.3
DP
41.4
D
TO
136.4
LLO(
F)
161.5
LLO
98.2
CLO
206.0
CH
37.6
OU
105.9
Revised
summary
graph
from
study
report
Pages
16
and
71:

Revised
Site
B
inhalation
exposure
graph
from
study
report
Page
72:
TO
TA
TB
LLO
LLO(
F)
LH
CLO
CH
WO
CK
OU
DP
Job
class
0
50
100
150
200
G.
M.
inhal.
exposure
(
µ
g/
kg
bw/
day)

CTPVs
N
2­
MN
TA
TO
WO
CLO
LLO
LH
Job
class
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
(
µ
g/
kg/
day)

GM
daily
inhalation
exposure
Revised
Site
C
inhalation
exposure
graph
from
study
report
Page
72:

Revised
Site
D
inhalation
exposure
graph
from
study
report
Page
73:
TO
TB
CLO
CH
LLO
DP
CK
Job
class
0
100
200
300
400
500
(
µ
g/
kg/
day)

GM
daily
inhalation
exposure
TO
OU
CLO
CH
LLO
LLO(
F)

Job
class
0
50
100
150
200
250
(
µ
g/
kg/
day)

GM
daily
inhalation
exposure