Document ID: FRA-2012-0101-0001
Agency: fra
Document Type: Proposed Rule
Title: Hours of Service Recordkeeping: Automated Recordkeeping
Posted Date: 2015-08-24T04:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 163 (Monday, August 24, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 51180-51192]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-20663]

=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Railroad Administration

49 CFR Part 228

[Docket No. FRA-2012-0101, Notice No. 1]
RIN 2130-AC41

Hours of Service Recordkeeping; Automated Recordkeeping

AGENCY: Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), Department of 
Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This rulemaking is part of FRA's broader initiative to reduce 
the paperwork burden of its regulations. To support compliance with the 
Federal hours of service laws, Federal regulations have long required 
railroads to create and retain records regarding the hours of service 
of their employees who are covered by those laws (covered service 
employees). In general, the current regulations require covered service 
employees whose hours are recorded to sign the record by hand (the 
traditional, manual system) or ``certify'' the record using a complex 
computerized system (an electronic system). FRA proposes to amend these 
regulations to provide a third, simplified method of compliance, for 
certain entities. FRA proposes to allow railroads with less than 
400,000 employee hours per year, and contractors and subcontractors 
providing covered service employees to such railroads to use an 
automated system, in which employees apply their electronic signatures 
to the automated records, which are stored in a railroad computer 
system. The proposed rule would not require the use of electronic or 
automated recordkeeping, would be better tailored to small operations, 
and is expected, if adopted, to decrease the burden hours spent on 
hours of service recordkeeping.

DATES: Comments: Written comments must be received by October 23, 2015. 
Comments received after that date will be considered to the extent 
possible without incurring additional delay or expense.
    Public hearing: FRA anticipates being able to resolve this 
rulemaking without a public hearing. However, if FRA receives a 
specific request for a public hearing prior to September 23, 2015, one 
will be scheduled, and FRA will publish a supplemental notice in the 
Federal Register to inform interested parties of the date, time, and 
specific location of any such hearing.

ADDRESSES: Comments, which should be identified by Docket No. FRA-2012-
0101, Notice No. 1, may be submitted by any one of the following 
methods:
     Fax: 1-202-493-2251;
     Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket 
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590;
     Hand Delivery: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket 
Operations, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey 
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, except Federal holidays; or
     Electronically through the Federal eRulemaking Portal, 
http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for 
submitting comments.
    Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name, docket 
name, and docket number or Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) for 
this rulemaking. Note that all comments received will be posted without 
change to http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal 
information provided. Please see the Privacy Act section of this 
document.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or 
comments received, go to http://www.regulations.gov at any time or to 
the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West 
Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., 
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Colleen A. Brennan, Trial Attorney, 
Office of Chief Counsel, FRA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., RCC-12, Mail 
Stop 10, Washington, DC 20590 (telephone 202-493-6028 or 202-493-6052); 
or Zachary Zagata, Operating Practices Specialist, Operating Practices 
Division, Office of Safety Assurance and Compliance, FRA, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE., RRS-11, Mail Stop 25, Washington, DC 20590 
(telephone 202-493-6476).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Commonly Used Abbreviations

CFR Code of Federal Regulations
FRA Federal Railroad Administration
HS hours of service (when the term is used as an adjective, except 
as part of the name of a specific Act of Congress or the title of a 
document, and not when the term is used as a noun; for example, ``HS 
records'' but not ``the HS Act'')

Table of Contents for Supplementary Information

I. Executive Summary
II. Statutory and Regulatory History
III. Rationale for this Proposed Rule
IV. Section-by-Section Analysis
V. Regulatory Impact and Notices
    A. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 and DOT Regulatory Policies 
and Procedures
    B. Regulatory Flexibility Act and Executive Order 13272; Initial 
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
    C. Federalism
    D. International Trade Impact Assessment
    E. Paperwork Reduction Act
    F. Environmental Assessment
    G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
    H. Energy Impact
    I. Privacy Act Statement

I. Executive Summary

    Federal laws governing railroad employees' hours of service date 
back to 1907. FRA has long administered both the statutory hours of 
service (HS) requirements and the agency's HS recordkeeping and 
reporting regulations

[[Page 51181]]

(49 CFR part 228, subpart B), which promote compliance with the HS 
laws. Currently, the HS statutory requirements cover three groups of 
employees; employees performing the functions of a ``train employee,'' 
``signal employee,'' or ``dispatching service employee,'' as defined at 
49 U.S.C. 21101. These terms are also defined in the HS recordkeeping 
and reporting regulations at 49 CFR 228.5 and FRA interpretations.
    The HS statutory requirements have been amended several times over 
the years, most recently in 2008. Section 108(f) of the Rail Safety 
Improvement Act of 2008 (RSIA) required FRA to amend its then-current 
HS recordkeeping regulations at 49 CFR part 228 (part 228) to support 
compliance with the new statutory requirements and to authorize 
electronic recordkeeping and reporting as a means of compliance with 
the regulations. 74 FR 25330, May 27, 2009.
    In general, the FRA 2009 recordkeeping amendments require that 
electronic HS records of information required by revised subpart B of 
part 228 be certified either (1) by the employee whose time was being 
recorded, or (2) by the reporting crewmember of a train crew or signal 
gang whose time was being recorded, instead of being signed by hand, 
and that the records be electronically stamped with the name of the 
certifying employee and the date and time of certification. See 49 CFR 
228.9(b). The 2009 recordkeeping amendments also added new subpart D to 
part 228, which established comprehensive requirements for electronic 
recordkeeping systems.
    Some smaller railroads have informed FRA that the current 
requirements of 49 CFR part 228, subpart D for electronic recordkeeping 
systems make using such systems infeasible for their operations, which 
are less complex and variable than larger railroads' operations. FRA 
considered those concerns and proposes in this NPRM to allow smaller 
railroads (specifically railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours 
per year), and their contractors and subcontractors who provide covered 
service employees to those railroads, to use an alternative ``automated 
recordkeeping system'' to create and maintain their covered-service 
employees' required HS records.
    FRA is aware that some railroads currently use an automated system, 
in which covered service employees access a blank HS record on a 
railroad computer, enter required data on the form, and then print and 
sign the record, which is still considered a manual or paper record. 
This proposed rule would allow railroads with less than 400,000 
employee hours annually (defined for purposes of this proposed rule as 
an ``eligible smaller railroad''), and contractors and subcontractors 
that provide covered service employees to the railroads, to have 
employees electronically sign the automated records of their hours of 
duty and then store the records in the railroad's computer system. This 
system would eliminate the requirement to print and sign the record.
    The proposed rule would not require an eligible smaller railroad's 
automated system to conform to some of the existing requirements for 
electronic recordkeeping systems under 49 CFR part 228, subpart D that 
may not be relevant to the operations of these smaller railroads. 
Because of the less complex and less varied nature of the operations of 
smaller railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours annually, FRA 
is comfortable with allowing those railroads to use a system that lacks 
the programming and analysis that are required of an electronic 
recordkeeping system under 49 CFR part 228, subpart D. For example, the 
proposed rule would not require an eligible smaller railroad's 
automated system to calculate and fill in total time on duty based on 
the information entered by the employee because it would require 
programming to enable the system to identify how various periods of 
time are treated and perform the calculation. As further described 
below, this proposed rule would significantly reduce costs and 
paperwork burdens for eligible smaller railroads that develop an 
automated system, because, like electronic records, automated records 
require substantially less time to complete than manual records. In 
addition, the records would be stored in the automated system, which 
would relieve eligible smaller railroads of the burden of storing and 
maintaining paper records.
    The proposed rule would define ``automated recordkeeping system'' 
as one that conforms to the requirements of proposed new Sec. Sec.  
228.201(b) and 228.206. The proposal would define ``electronic 
recordkeeping system'' as one that conforms to the requirements of 
proposed Sec.  228.201(a), and current Sec. Sec.  228.203-228.205. The 
proposed rule would provide general requirements for automated records 
in proposed new Sec.  228.9(c). It would require employees to 
electronically sign automated records, and would provide requirements 
for retention of, and FRA access to, automated records in the automated 
recordkeeping system.
    The proposed rule would also provide general requirements for 
automated recordkeeping systems, in proposed new Sec.  228.201(b). It 
would require that the automated recordkeeping system conform to the 
requirements of proposed new Sec.  228.206, (which provides more 
detailed requirements for automated recordkeeping systems and automated 
records), and that the records created and maintained in the automated 
recordkeeping system conform to the requirements of proposed revised 
Sec.  228.11. New Sec.  228.201 of the proposed rule would also require 
eligible smaller railroads, and their contractors and subcontractors 
using the automated system, to train their employees on the use of the 
automated system to create their required HS records. The rule also 
would require sufficient information technology security to ensure the 
integrity of the system and to prevent unauthorized access to the 
system or individual records and that FRA may prohibit or revoke the 
authority to use an automated system that does not meet the 
requirements.
    New Sec.  228.206 of the proposed rule would provide the 
requirements for automated recordkeeping systems and automated records. 
The requirements of this proposed section are similar to some of the 
requirements for electronic recordkeeping systems found in current 
Sec. Sec.  228.203 and 228.205. However, the proposed requirements of 
Sec.  228.206 are tailored to the nature and lesser complexity of the 
operations of the eligible smaller railroads that would be subject to 
this proposed rule. Therefore, the proposed rule would not require an 
automated system to include some of the program components and other 
features that would not be appropriate or necessary for the operations 
of eligible smaller railroads, but would require other elements for the 
automated systems that are not used in an electronic recordkeeping 
system.
    Paragraph (a) of this section would require that automated records 
be electronically signed and would provide requirements for 
establishing and using an electronic signature. Paragraph (b) of this 
section would provide system security requirements for access to the 
automated recordkeeping system, data entry on individual records, pre-
population of some data on an employee's record subject to certain 
conditions, procedures for amendment of records and protection against 
alteration or deletion of a record once the employee who created it has 
signed the record. Paragraph (c) of this section would require an 
automated recordkeeping system to be able to

[[Page 51182]]

identify who entered data on a record and which person entered which 
data items if more than one person entered data on a single record. 
Paragraph (d) would establish the required search criteria for an 
automated recordkeeping system, establishing specific data fields and 
other criteria which must be searchable. Finally, paragraph (e) of this 
section would establish requirements for access to the system and its 
records by FRA and participating State inspectors. Railroads would be 
required to provide access as soon as possible and not later than 24 
hours after a request for access. Each data field that an employee 
enters would have to be visible, and data fields would have to be 
searchable as paragraph (d) provides and yield access to all records 
meeting the specified search criteria.
    Finally, the proposed rule would modify the training requirements 
at Sec.  228.207 to require that railroads using an automated 
recordkeeping system train their employees and supervisors on the use 
of that system as part of initial and refresher training (just as would 
be required for manual or electronic recordkeeping).
    As stated above, this amended rule would apply to all railroads 
subject to the HS recordkeeping regulations with less than 400,000 
employee hours annually under FRA accident/incident reporting 
regulations at 49 CFR 225.21(d), and their contractors and 
subcontractors that provide such railroads with covered service 
employees. Adopting an automated system would be voluntary.
    By providing an alternative set of requirements specifically 
tailored to the circumstances of smaller operations, FRA expects a 
greater number of railroads to create and maintain HS records using an 
automated recordkeeping system rather than to continue using manual 
records. These changes would produce a total reduction of over 194,000 
burden hours. The costs of implementing an automated recordkeeping 
system should be substantially less than an electronic recordkeeping 
system and are relatively small compared to the benefits gained by 
eliminating a paper recordkeeping system.
    FRA has estimated the cost savings expected from this proposed 
rule. Our analysis calculates an estimated $81.8 million in net savings 
over a 10-year period through the adoption of the proposed automated 
recordkeeping. The present value of this savings is $51.5 million 
(discounted at 7 percent), and $66.7 million (discounted at 3 percent).
    The table below presents the estimated benefits (from cost savings) 
associated with the proposed rule over a 10-year period.

          Table 1--10-Year Estimated Benefits of Proposed Rule
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Costs to prepare and operate automated recordkeeping          $3,139,347
 (investment required to realize cost savings).......
Benefits: Reduced recordkeeping labor costs..........         54,638,880
                                                      ------------------
    Net Benefits.....................................         51,499,533
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dollars are discounted at a present value rate of 7%.

    FRA estimates that there will be a relatively small investment 
associated with implementing automated systems necessary to realize the 
significant benefits (cost burden reduction). Railroads are already 
producing hours of service duty records manually on paper records to 
comply with 49 CFR 228.11 and adopting an automated recordkeeping 
system is voluntary.

II. Statutory and Regulatory History

    Federal laws governing railroad employees' hours of service date 
back to 1907 \1\ and are presently codified at 49 U.S.C. 21101-
21109,\2\ 21303, and 21304.\3\ FRA, under 49 U.S.C. 103(g), 49 CFR 
1.89, and internal delegations, has long administered the statutory HS 
requirements and the agency's HS recordkeeping and reporting 
regulations (49 CFR part 228, subpart B), which promote compliance with 
the HS laws. Currently, the HS statutory requirements cover three 
groups of employees; train employees, signal employees, or dispatching 
service employees, as those terms are defined at Sec. 21101. The HS 
recordkeeping and reporting regulations at 49 CFR 228.5 include the 
statutory definitions of these terms and FRA interpretations discuss 
them. See FRA's ``Requirements of the Hours of Service Act; Statement 
of Agency Policy and Interpretation'' at 49 CFR part 228, appendix A, 
most of which was issued in the 1970s, and subsequent FRA 
interpretations of the HS laws published in the Federal Register.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ See the Hours of Service Act (Public Law 59-274, 34 Stat. 
1415 (1907)). Effective July 5, 1994, Public Law 103-272, 108 Stat. 
745 (1994), repealed the Hours of Service Act as amended, then 
codified at 45 U.S.C. 61-64b, and also revised and reenacted its 
provisions, without substantive change, as positive law at 49 U.S.C. 
21101-21108, 21303, and 21304. The Hours of Service Act was 
administered by the Interstate Commerce Commission until these 
duties were transferred to FRA in 1966.
    \2\ These sections may also be cited as 49 U.S.C. Chapter 211. 
Hereinafter, references to a ``Sec.'' are to a section of title 49 
of the U.S. Code unless otherwise specified.
    \3\ For a table comparing and contrasting the current Federal HS 
requirements with respect to freight train employees, passenger 
train employees, signal employees, and dispatching service 
employees, please see Appendix A to the Second Interim 
Interpretations. 78 FR 58830, 58850-58854, Sept. 24, 2013.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Congress has amended the HS statutory requirements several times 
over the years, most recently in the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 
2008 (RSIA).\4\ The RSIA substantially amended the requirements of Sec. 
21103, applicable to a train employee,'' \5\ and the requirements of 
Sec. 21104, applicable to a signal employee.'' \6\ The RSIA also added 
new provisions at Secs. 21102(c) and 21109 that together made train 
employees providing rail passenger transportation subject to HS 
regulations, not Sec. 21103, if the Secretary timely issued 
regulations. Subsequently, FRA, as the Secretary's delegate, timely 
issued those regulations, codified at 49 CFR part 228, subpart F 
(Passenger Train Employee HS Regulations), which became effective on 
October 15, 2011.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\ Public Law 110-432, Div. A, 122 Stat. 4848.
    \5\ See Sec. 21101(5).
    \6\ See Sec. 21101(4). The RSIA also amended the definition of 
``signal employee'' effective October 16, 2008. Before the RSIA, the 
term meant ``an individual employed by a railroad carrier who is 
engaged in installing, repairing, or maintaining signal systems.'' 
Emphasis added.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Section 108(f) of the RSIA required the Secretary to--

prescribe a regulation revising the requirements for recordkeeping 
and reporting for Hours of Service of Railroad Employees contained 
in part 228 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations . . . to adjust 
record keeping and reporting requirements to support compliance with 
chapter 211 of title 49, United States Code, as amended by [the 
RSIA]; . . . to authorize electronic record keeping, and reporting 
of excess service, consistent with appropriate considerations for 
user interface; and . . . to require training of affected employees 
and supervisors, including training of employees in the entry of 
hours of service data.

[[Page 51183]]

49 U.S.C. 21101 (notes).

FRA, as the Secretary's delegate, issued those regulations, codified at 
49 CFR part 228, including subpart D (Electronic Recordkeeping), which 
became effective on July 16, 2009. 74 FR 25330, May 27, 2009 (2009 
Recordkeeping Amendments).
    FRA issued its first HS recordkeeping regulation, codified at 49 
CFR part 228, subparts A and B, in 1972. See 37 FR 12234, Jun. 21, 
1972.\7\ Because the regulation did not contemplate electronic 
recordkeeping, that regulation required that HS records be signed 
manually.\8\ Therefore, prior to the effective date of the 2009 
Recordkeeping Amendments, railroads that wished to create and maintain 
their required HS records electronically rather than manually needed 
FRA's waiver of the requirement for a handwritten signature. See FRA 
procedural regulations at 49 CFR part 211. At the time that the 2009 
recordkeeping amendments went into effect, several Class I railroads 
were creating and maintaining their required HS records using an 
electronic recordkeeping system that had been approved by FRA pursuant 
to a waiver.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ 24 Stat. 383, as amended, 24 Stat. 386, as amended, 80 Stat. 
937, 34 Stat. 1415, as amended and 49 CFR 1.89 (d).
    \8\ In particular, the regulation required the handwritten 
signature be that of the employee whose time was being recorded.
    \9\ The preamble of the 2009 Recordkeeping Amendments contains a 
detailed discussion of the history of electronic recordkeeping and 
the development of waiver-approved electronic recordkeeping systems. 
See 74 FR 25330, 25330-25334.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In general, the 2009 Recordkeeping Amendments required that either 
the employee whose time was being recorded, or the reporting crewmember 
of a train crew or signal gang whose time was being recorded, certify 
their electronic HS records, instead of signing them by hand, and that 
the recordkeeping system electronically stamp the records with the name 
of the certifying employee and the date and time of certification. See 
49 CFR 228.9(b). These amendments also established comprehensive 
requirements for electronic recordkeeping systems. A brief summary of 
the most significant requirements follows.
     First, electronic recordkeeping systems must generate 
records that provide sufficient data fields for an employee to report a 
wide variety and number of activities that could arise during a duty 
tour. See 49 CFR 228.201.
     Second, the systems must have security features to control 
access to HS records and to identify any individual who entered 
information on a record. See 49 CFR 228.203(a)(1)(i), (a)(2)-(a)(7) and 
(b).
     Third, systems must include complex program logic that 
allows the system to identify how periods of time spent in any activity 
that is entered on a record are treated under the HS laws (and also now 
under the substantive HS regulations for passenger train employees).
     Fourth, program logic must allow the system to calculate 
total time on duty from the data the employee entered, flag employee-
input errors so the employee can correct them before certifying the 
record, and require the employee to enter an explanation when the data 
entered shows a violation of the HS laws or regulations. See 49 CFR 
228.203(c).
     Fifth, electronic recordkeeping systems must provide a 
method known as a ``quick tie-up'' for employees to enter limited HS 
information when they have met or exceeded the maximum hours allowed 
for the duty tour, and railroads must have procedures for employees to 
do a quick tie-up by telephone or facsimile (fax) if computer access is 
not available. See 49 CFR 228.5 and 228.203(a)(1)(ii).
     Finally, an electronic recordkeeping system must provide 
search capability so that records may be searched by date or date range 
and by employee name or identification number, train or job assignment, 
origin or release location, territory, and by records showing excess 
service. The results of any such search must yield all records matching 
specified criteria. See 49 CFR 228.203(d).

III. Rationale for This Proposed Rule

    In this NPRM, FRA proposes to allow railroads with less than 
400,000 employee hours per year, and their contractors and 
subcontractors who provide those railroads with covered service 
employees (collectively referred to for the purpose of this proposed 
rule as ``eligible smaller railroads''), to use an ``automated 
recordkeeping system'' to create and maintain their covered-service 
employees' HS records.\10\ (See detailed discussion under section V.A. 
below, regarding eligible smaller railroads. FRA is aware that some 
railroads currently use an automated system, in which covered service 
employees access a blank HS record on a railroad computer, enter 
required data on the form, and then print and sign the record, which is 
still considered a manual or paper record. As further described below, 
this proposed rule would allow employees of eligible smaller railroads 
to electronically sign the automated record and store it in a railroad 
computer system, eliminating the requirement to print and sign the 
record. The proposed rule would not require an automated system to 
comply with some of the existing requirements for electronic 
recordkeeping systems under 49 CFR part 228, subpart D that may not be 
relevant to the operations of these eligible smaller railroads. 
Electronic or automated records require substantially less time to 
complete than manual records. However, some eligible smaller railroads 
have told FRA the existing requirements of 49 CFR part 228, subpart D 
for electronic recordkeeping systems make using such systems infeasible 
for their operations, which are less complex and variable than other 
railroads' operations. By providing an alternative set of requirements 
specifically tailored to the circumstances of smaller operations, FRA 
expects a greater number of railroads to create and maintain HS records 
using an automated recordkeeping system, rather than continuing to use 
manual records. These changes will produce a total reduction of over 
194,000 burden hours. In addition, as discussed in more detail in 
Section V.A. of this document, FRA expects the cost of implementing an 
automated recordkeeping system to be substantially less than an 
electronic recordkeeping system.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ Given the size and nature of their operations, FRA's 
understanding is that it is not common for eligible smaller 
railroads to have contractors or subcontractors that provide 
employees to perform covered service for the railroad. However, if 
an eligible smaller railroad has a contractor or subcontractor whose 
employees perform covered service for the railroad, the proposed 
rule would apply to such contractors and subcontractors for the HS 
records of their employees performing covered service on a railroad 
subject to this proposed regulation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    FRA also expects that many of the companies that would be subject 
to this proposed regulation could choose to comply with its 
requirements using existing equipment and software that many of them 
already use for other purposes. For example, many eligible smaller 
railroads will find that their existing equipment and software can be 
used to generate a form that would allow employees to enter the 
information relevant to their duty tour that is required by Sec.  
228.11 and save the record in a directory structure that would allow 
either the railroad or FRA to retrieve it using the search criteria 
provided in this proposed regulation. FRA believes it is appropriate to 
allow the eligible smaller railroads to use a system that lacks the 
programming and analysis that are required of an

[[Page 51184]]

electronic recordkeeping system because of the less complex and less 
varied nature of the operations of eligible smaller railroads. For 
example, the proposed rule would not require an automated system to 
calculate and fill in total time on duty based on the information the 
employee entered because that would require costly programming to 
enable the system to identify how various periods of time are treated 
and to perform the calculation. Instead, the employee would enter that 
information just as if it were a paper record. Similarly, the proposed 
rule would not require an automated system to include costly 
programming that would prompt the employee to enter an explanation of a 
duty tour over 12 hours or that would flag possible input errors or 
missing data (for example, showing an on-duty location that differs 
from the released location of the previous duty tour).
    Currently, the proposed rule would apply to 723 Class III railroads 
and 15 commuter railroads, and their contractors and subcontractors. 
FRA considered extending the scope of this proposed regulation to all 
Class III railroads and all commuter railroads. However, because of the 
number of employees, volume of HS records, and complexity of operations 
on some commuter railroads, we believe an electronic recordkeeping 
system that complies with subpart D of part 228 is the appropriate 
alternative to the use of manual records for these railroads. Likewise, 
the definition of ``Class III railroad'' includes all terminal and 
switching operations,\11\ regardless of their operating revenues. Some 
of these operations have extensive operations and a number of employees 
and HS records more appropriately served by an electronic recordkeeping 
system. A larger and more complex operation would benefit from an 
electronic recordkeeping system's program logic capability to help 
ensure accurate recordkeeping. In addition, the greater search 
capabilities of an electronic recordkeeping system would enable a 
railroad with larger and more complex operations to better identify 
relevant records, whether for the railroad's own review, or in response 
to requests from FRA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \11\ See 49 CFR 1201.1-1(d).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    FRA is aware that at least one commuter railroad is currently using 
an electronic recordkeeping system and that several other commuter 
railroads are developing electronic recordkeeping systems. FRA 
understands that these railroads are willing to share some information 
with other commuter railroads to help them develop their systems. This 
may provide an opportunity for more commuter railroads to eliminate 
paper records and adopt electronic recordkeeping systems.
    For these reasons, FRA concluded that the proposed rule should only 
apply to railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours per year. FRA 
requests comment on this aspect of the proposed rule.

IV. Section-by-Section Analysis

Subpart A--General

Section 228.5 Definitions
    FRA proposes to add definitions of ``automated recordkeeping 
system,'' ``electronic recordkeeping system'' ``electronic signature,'' 
``eligible smaller railroad'' and ``railroad that has less than 400,000 
employee hours annually.''
    The proposed definitions of the terms ``automated recordkeeping 
system'' and ``electronic recordkeeping system'' would differentiate 
between the automated systems that are the subject of this rulemaking, 
which would be required to conform to the requirements of proposed new 
Sec. Sec.  228.201(b) and 228.206, from the electronic recordkeeping 
systems that must meet the requirements of Sec. Sec.  228.201(a) and 
228.203-228.205.
    The proposed definition of ``electronic signature'' is consistent 
with the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.\12\ 
It would allow railroads to use two different types of electronic 
signatures for their employees to sign their HS records: either (1) a 
unique digital signature, created based on the employee's 
identification number and password, or other means used to uniquely 
identify the employee in the automated recordkeeping system; or (2) a 
unique digitized version of the employee's handwritten signature that 
would be applied to the HS record.\13\ The definition would also 
provide that the electronic signature must be created as Sec.  
228.19(g) provides (existing regulatory requirements for creating an 
electronic signature for railroads' use on their reports of excess 
service) or proposed Sec.  228.206(a) (proposed new requirements for 
creating electronic signatures for use on employees' HS records in an 
automated recordkeeping system).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ Public Law 106-229, 114 Stat. 472 (2000). See, e.g., 15 
U.S.C. 7006.
    \13\ If a railroad creates an electronic signature that is a 
unique digital signature for each of its employees, the employee's 
HS record will be signed with the employee's printed name or other 
identifying information, when the employee signs the record using 
his or her electronic signature. If the railroad instead creates a 
digitized version of the employee's handwritten signature, the 
record will be signed with the employee's handwritten signature when 
the employee signs the record using his or her electronic signature.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For the purpose of this proposed rule, an ``eligible smaller 
railroad'' would be, as a general rule, a railroad with less than 
400,000 employee hours annually. Such railroads would be eligible to 
use an automated recordkeeping system under this proposed rule. A 
``railroad that has less than 400,000 employee hours annually'' would 
be defined as a railroad that has reported to FRA that it had less than 
400,000 employee hours during the preceding three consecutive calendar 
years on Form FRA 6180.56--Annual Railroad Reports of Manhours by 
State, as required by 49 CFR 225.21(d). The exception to the general 
rule would be railroads that have not been operating for three prior 
consecutive calendar years, but expect to have less than 400,000 
employee hours annually during the current year.
Section 228.9 Records; General
    Proposed new Sec.  228.9(c) would establish requirements for 
automated records that parallel the requirements of paragraph (a) for 
manual records and paragraph (b) for electronic records. Proposed 
paragraph (c) would require that automated records be electronically 
signed and stamped with the certifying employee's electronic signature 
that meets the requirements of Sec.  228.206(a), and the date and time 
that the employee electronically signed the record. Like paragraphs (a) 
and (b), paragraph (c) would contain requirements for retaining and 
accessing the records. However, unlike paragraph (b), paragraph (c) 
would not require using an employee identification (ID) and password to 
access automated records. While some railroads subject to this proposed 
rule might choose to provide an ID and password for the purpose of 
accessing the system, this process might be more complex than necessary 
for smaller operations, which may choose, for example, to have a 
railroad official directly provide access.\14\ Finally, paragraph (c) 
would require that automated records be capable of being reproduced on 
printers available at the location where records are accessed, meaning 
that railroads must have printers available at any location where they 
provide access to records. This requirement also applies to electronic

[[Page 51185]]

recordkeeping systems in current Sec.  228.9(b).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ It is important to note that access should be available 
upon request, and railroads and managers risk civil and criminal 
liability if they control access to the recordkeeping system in a 
manner that prevents an employee from accurately reporting his or 
her hours of service.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Section 228.11 Hours of Duty Records
    Currently Sec.  228.11(a) requires each railroad, or a contractor 
or a subcontractor that provides covered service employees to a 
railroad, to keep a record, either manually or electronically, 
concerning the hours of duty of each employee. Because HS records 
created and maintained using an automated recordkeeping system would 
also be required to comply with the requirements of Sec.  228.11 (see 
section-by-section analysis of Sec.  228.201(b) below), FRA proposes to 
delete the words ``manually or electronically'' from the requirement.
Section 228.201 Electronic Recordkeeping and Automated Recordkeeping; 
General
    The proposed rule would designate the current requirements of this 
section for electronic recordkeeping systems as paragraph (a) and 
proposed new paragraph (b) would add similar requirements for automated 
recordkeeping systems, in part by cross-referencing those requirements 
of paragraph (a) that would also be applicable to automated 
recordkeeping systems. The proposed rule would also make minor non-
substantive changes to paragraphs (a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5) to correct 
typographical errors, deleting the ``and'' after paragraph (a)(3), 
replacing the periods at the end of paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(5) with 
semicolons, and adding ``and'' after the semicolon at the end of 
paragraph (a)(5). Proposed new Sec.  228.201(b)(1) would provide that 
an automated recordkeeping system must comply with the requirements of 
proposed Sec.  228.206. Proposed new Sec.  228.201(b)(2) would require 
eligible smaller railroads using automated recordkeeping systems to 
comply with the requirements of paragraphs (a)(2) and (a)(4)-(a)(6), 
requirements also applicable to electronic records and recordkeeping 
systems. Specifically, the proposed rule would require the records 
created and stored in the automated recordkeeping system to comply with 
the requirements of Sec.  228.11, as required by paragraph (a)(2). 
Further, the rule would require eligible smaller railroads that use an 
automated system to train employees on how to use the automated system 
to create their HS records, as required by paragraph (a)(4). The 
railroads would also have to have sufficient information technology 
security to ensure the integrity of the system and to prevent 
unauthorized access to the system or individual records, as required by 
paragraph (a)(5). Finally, under paragraph (a)(6), the proposed rule 
would provide that FRA may prohibit or revoke the authority to use an 
automated system that does not meet the requirements. The main 
difference between the proposed requirements of Sec.  228.201(b)(2) for 
automated records and recordkeeping systems and the corresponding 
existing requirements for electronic records and recordkeeping systems 
is that automated systems would not be required to have monitoring 
indicators in the system to help the railroad monitor the accuracy of 
the records. However, railroads using an automated system would 
certainly be responsible for the accuracy of their required HS records, 
regardless of whether the record is manual, automated, or electronic.
    Finally, under proposed Sec.  228.201(b)(3), if a railroad, or a 
contractor or subcontractor to a railroad with an automated 
recordkeeping system reports to FRA under Sec.  225.21(d) of this 
chapter on its Annual Railroad Report of Manhours by State that it has 
more than 400,000 employee hours in three consecutive calendar years, 
that railroad, or contractor or subcontractor to a railroad may not use 
an automated recordkeeping system unless FRA grants a waiver under 49 
CFR 211.41. As described above, FRA believes larger railroads are 
better served by the use of an electronic recordkeeping system. In most 
cases, a railroad with such growth for three consecutive calendar years 
will have had sufficient time to transition to an electronic 
recordkeeping system.
Section 228.206 Requirements for Automated Records and Recordkeeping 
Systems on Eligible Smaller Railroads
    This proposed new section would establish the requirements for an 
automated recordkeeping system. These proposed requirements are similar 
to some of the requirements for electronic recordkeeping systems found 
in current Sec. Sec.  228.203 and 228.205. However, as discussed in 
Section III above, the proposed requirements of Sec.  228.206 are 
tailored to the nature and lesser complexity of the operations of 
railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours annually. Therefore, as 
discussed above, the proposed rule would not require an automated 
system to include some of the program components and other features 
that apply to electronic recordkeeping systems that are not appropriate 
or necessary for the operations of these railroads. However, this 
proposed new section would require other elements for the automated 
systems that are not used in an electronic recordkeeping system.
    Paragraph (a) would require an employee creating the automated 
record sign the record to use an electronic signature. This paragraph 
also would explain the requirements for establishing and using an 
electronic signature. These requirements are taken from paragraph (g) 
of Sec.  228.19, which explains the requirements for railroads to 
establish and use electronic signatures for the purpose of filing 
reports of excess service. These proposed requirements do not apply to 
creating HS records using an electronic recordkeeping system and would 
be unique to automated recordkeeping systems.
    Paragraph (b) would provide the standards that automated 
recordkeeping systems must meet for system security. The paragraph 
would require railroads to protect access to the automated 
recordkeeping system by the use of a user name and password or 
comparable method. The exact method used may vary depending on the 
number of employees and other ways that access to a railroad's system 
may already be protected.
    Paragraph (b)(1) would restrict data entry to the employee, train 
crew, or signal gang whose time is being reported. However, an 
exception to this requirement would allow a railroad to pre-populate 
some of the known factual data on its employees' HS record. An 
employee's name or identification number, or the on-duty time for an 
employee who works a regular schedule, are examples of the kind of data 
that could be pre-populated. However, the paragraph would require that 
the employee be able to make changes to any pre-populated data on his 
or her record.
    Proposed paragraph (b) also would provide that the system may not 
allow two individuals to have the same electronic signature and that 
the system must be structured so that a record cannot be deleted or 
altered once it is electronically signed. The proposed paragraph would 
also require that any amendment to a record must (1) either be stored 
electronically apart from the record it amends or electronically 
attached as information without altering the record and (2) identify 
the person making the amendment. Finally, proposed paragraph (b) would 
require the automated recordkeeping system to be capable of maintaining 
records as submitted without corruption or loss of data, and ensure 
supervisors and crew management officials can access, but not delete or 
alter, a record after the employee electronically signs the record. The 
proposed rule does not establish a specific interval for railroads

[[Page 51186]]

to back up the data contained in their automated recordkeeping system, 
but FRA expects there would be sufficient backup to prevent loss of 
data in compliance with this paragraph. FRA requests comment on the 
need for specific requirements related to data backup and what interval 
and method would be most appropriate.
    Paragraph (c) would provide that the automated recordkeeping system 
be able to identify each individual who entered data on a record and 
which data items each individual entered if more than one person 
entered data on a given record.
    Paragraph (d) would establish the search capabilities an automated 
recordkeeping system must have. This includes the specific data fields 
and other criteria the system must be able to use to search for and 
retrieve responsive records.
    Paragraph (e) would explain the requirements for access to 
automated recordkeeping systems. Eligible smaller railroads must grant 
FRA inspectors, and participating State inspectors, access to the 
system using railroad computer terminals. The railroads would have to 
provide access as soon as possible, but not later than 24 hours after a 
request for access. And, each data field an employee entered must be 
visible. Finally, data fields must be searchable as described in 
paragraph (d) and yield access to all records matching the specified 
search criteria.
Section 228.207 Training
    This proposed rule would slightly revise the training requirements 
of part 228. The proposed rule would revise paragraph (b) of this 
section, which sets forth the components of initial training, to add 
the requirement for training on how to enter HS data into an automated 
system. The paragraph currently requires training on electronic 
recordkeeping systems or the appropriate paper records used by the 
railroad, contractor, or subcontractor for whom the employee performs 
covered service. We propose to revise this paragraph by adding a 
requirement for eligible smaller railroads that develop an automated 
recordkeeping system in compliance with the requirements of this 
proposed rule to give their employees training on how to prepare HS 
records in that system.
    Likewise, the proposed rule would revise paragraph (c) of this 
section to specifically require eligible smaller railroads with 
automated systems to provide refresher training emphasizing any changes 
in HS substantive requirements, HS recordkeeping requirements, or a 
railroad's HS recordkeeping system since the employee was last provided 
training. The paragraph currently refers to changes in ``the carrier's 
electronic or other recordkeeping system.'' FRA expects that any 
railroad implementing an automated recordkeeping system to replace 
previous paper records would need to provide training on the use of 
that system to its employees, even if those employees had previously 
received training required by this section for paper records.

V. Regulatory Impact and Notices

A. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 and DOT Regulatory Policies and 
Procedures

    This proposed rule has been evaluated in accordance with existing 
policies and procedures under Executive Order 12866, Executive Order 
13563, and DOT policies and procedures. 44 FR 11034, Feb. 26, 1979. FRA 
has prepared and placed in the docket a Regulatory Impact Analysis 
addressing the economic impacts of this proposed rule. In this NPRM, 
FRA proposes to allow railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours 
annually, and their contractors and subcontractors, to use an automated 
recordkeeping system. An automated recordkeeping system would provide a 
simpler way to create and maintain hours of duty records as 49 CFR part 
228, subpart B requires than complying with some of the existing 
requirements for electronic recordkeeping systems under 49 CFR part 
228, subpart D that may not be relevant to the operations of these 
eligible smaller railroads. Electronic and automated records require 
substantially less time to complete than manual records. However, some 
eligible smaller railroads have told FRA the requirements of 49 CFR 
part 228, subpart D make using such systems infeasible for their 
operations, which are less complex and variable than larger railroads. 
As part of its regulatory evaluation, FRA has explained the benefits of 
automated records and recordkeeping systems under this proposed rule 
and provided monetized estimates of the benefits' value. The proposed 
rule would substantially reduce the costs of current paper 
recordkeeping systems by allowing eligible smaller railroads to replace 
it with an automated system to create and maintain hours of duty 
records. The proposed rule accomplishes this by providing an 
alternative set of requirements for an automated system specifically 
tailored to the circumstances of smaller operations. FRA believes the 
majority of eligible smaller railroads will take advantage of the 
opportunity for cost savings and incur a small burden to realize what 
would be a net cost savings.
    As discussed below, FRA estimates these changes will produce a 
total estimated reduction of just over 194,000 burden hours annually. 
Based on railroads' annual 6180.56 reports to FRA for 2013, this 
amended rule will apply to a total of approximately 738 railroads with 
less than 400,000 employee hours annually. These 738 railroads include 
723 probable Class III freight railroads, 15 ``smaller commuter 
railroads,'' and their contractors and subcontractors. FRA estimates 
that 578 of these entities will adopt an automated recordkeeping 
system; 80 percent of the 723 Class III railroads will adopt an 
automated recordkeeping system and all 15 of the smaller commuter 
railroads, and the 2 small passenger railroads will do so.
    The economic analysis \15\ provides a quantitative evaluation of 
the costs and benefits of the proposed rule. The benefits equal the 
reduced time an employee spends entering hours of duty in an automated 
system compared to the time they currently spend to manually produce a 
paper record of hours on duty. FRA calculated a reduction of 8 minutes 
per record achieved over a 5-year period.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \15\ The Regulatory Impact Analysis for Docket No. FRA-2012-101, 
Notice No. 1, is placed in the regulatory docket for this NPRM.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    FRA has estimated the cost savings expected from this proposed 
rule. In particular, over a 10-year period, $81.9 million in net 
savings could accrue through the adoption of the proposed automated 
recordkeeping. The present value of this savings is $51.5 million 
(discounted at 7 percent) and $66.7 million (discounted at 3 percent). 
FRA concludes that the eligible smaller railroads would benefit 
significantly from adoption of the proposed rule.
    Railroads are already producing HS records manually on paper 
records to comply with 49 CFR 228.11, and adopting an automated 
recordkeeping system is voluntary. FRA estimates that there would be a 
relatively small investment for entities that elect to take advantage 
of the far larger cost saving benefits that would be achieved. The 
investment costs associated with this proposed rule are primarily for 
setting up and transferring the reporting to an automated recordkeeping 
system. FRA estimates that if each of these railroads were to expend 
$5,294 discounted at 7 percent over a 10-year period to set up and 
operate an automated recordkeeping system for HS records,

[[Page 51187]]

the railroads would reduce their paperwork burden by $92,140 discounted 
at 7 percent over that same period.
    Therefore, this proposed rule would have a positive effect on these 
railroads, saving each railroad approximately a net $86,846 in costs at 
discounted 7 percent over the 10-year analysis. The table below 
presents the estimated benefits (from cost savings) associated with the 
proposed rule, over the 10-year analysis.

          Table 1--10-Year Estimated Benefits of Proposed Rule
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Costs to prepare and operate automated recordkeeping          $3,139,347
 (investment required to realize cost savings).......
    Benefits: Reduced recordkeeping labor costs......         54,638,880
                                                      ------------------
    Net Benefits.....................................         51,499,533
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dollars are discounted at a present value rate of 7%.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act and Executive Order 13272; Initial 
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

    Both the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA), Public Law 96-354, as 
amended, and codified as amended at 5 U.S.C. 601-612, and Executive 
Order 13272--Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency 
Rulemaking, 67 FR 53461, Aug. 16, 2002, require agency review of 
proposed and final rules to assess their impact on ``small entities'' 
for purposes of the RFA. An agency must prepare a regulatory 
flexibility analysis unless it determines and certifies that a proposed 
rule is not expected to have a significant impact on a substantial 
number of small entities. Pursuant to the RFA, 5 U.S.C. 605(b), the 
Acting Administrator of FRA certifies that this proposed rule will not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities. Although this proposed rule could affect many small 
railroads, they may voluntarily adopt the requirements. Moreover, the 
effect on those railroads that do voluntarily adopt the requirements 
will be primarily beneficial and not significant because it will reduce 
their labor burden for hours of service recordkeeping and reporting.
    The term ``small entity'' is defined in 5 U.S.C. 601 (Section 601). 
Section 601(6) defines ``small entity'' as having the same meaning as 
``the terms `small business', `small organization' and `small 
governmental jurisdiction' defined in paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) of 
this section.'' In turn, Section 601(3) defines a ``small business'' as 
generally having the same meaning as ``small business concern'' under 
Section 3 of the Small Business Act, and includes any a small business 
concern that is independently owned and operated, and is not dominant 
in its field of operation. Next, Sec. 601(4) defines ``small 
organization'' as generally meaning any not-for-profit enterprises that 
is independently owned and operated, and not dominant in its field of 
operations. Additionally, Sec. 601(5) defines ``small governmental 
jurisdiction'' in general to include governments of cities, counties, 
towns, townships, villages, school districts, or special districts with 
populations less than 50,000.
    The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) stipulates ``size 
standards'' for small entities. It provides that the largest a for-
profit railroad business firm may be to be classified as a ``small 
entity'' is 1,500 employees for ``Line-Haul Operating'' railroads and 
500 employees for ``Short-Line Operating'' railroads. See ``Size 
Eligibility Provisions and Standards,'' 13 CFR part 121, subpart A.
    Under exceptions in Section 601, Federal agencies may adopt their 
own size standards for small entities in consultation with SBA, and in 
conjunction with public comment. Under that authority, FRA published a 
``Final Policy Statement Concerning Small Entities Subject to the 
Railroad Safety Laws'' (Policy) which formally establishes that small 
entities include among others, the following: (1) Railroads that 
Surface Transportation Board (STB) regulations classify as Class III; 
and (2) commuter railroads ``that serve populations of 50,000 or  
less.'' \16\ See 68 FR 24891, May 9, 2003, codified at appendix C to 49 
CFR part 209. Currently, to be a small entity under the Policy, the 
eligible railroads also must have $20 million or less in annual 
operating revenue, adjusted annually for inflation. The $20 million 
limit (adjusted annually for inflation) is based on the STB's threshold 
for a Class III railroad, which is adjusted by applying the railroad 
revenue deflator adjustment. For further information on the calculation 
of the specific dollar limit, see 49 CFR part 1201. FRA is using this 
definition of ``small entity'' for this proposed rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \16\ ``In the Interim Policy Statement [62 FR 43024, Aug. 11, 
1997], FRA defined `small entity,' for the purpose of communication 
and enforcement policies, the Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 
601 et seq., and the Equal Access for Justice Act 5 U.S.C. 501 et 
seq., to include only railroads which are classified as Class III. 
FRA further clarified the definition to include, in addition to 
Class III railroads, hazardous materials shippers that meet the 
income level established for Class III railroads (those with annual 
operating revenues of $20 million per year or less, as set forth in 
49 CFR 1201.1-1); railroad contractors that meet the income level 
established for Class III railroads; and those commuter railroads or 
small governmental jurisdictions that serve populations of 50,000 or 
less.'' 68 FR 24892 (May 9, 2003). ``The Final Policy Statement 
issued today is substantially the same as the Interim Policy 
Statement.'' 68 FR 24894.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    FRA is proposing to amend its hours of service recordkeeping 
regulations, to provide simplified recordkeeping requirements to allow 
railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours annually, and their 
contractors and subcontractors, to utilize an automated system to 
create and maintain hours of duty records as required by 49 CFR 228.11. 
As stated above, FRA has reports that indicate there are 723 Class III 
railroads with less than 400,000 employee hours annually that would be 
eligible to use the simplified automated recordkeeping system this 
proposed rule provides. However, if they are affected, it is voluntary 
because the proposed rule would not require any railroad to develop and 
use an automated recordkeeping system. As stated above, there are also 
15 smaller commuter railroads, each of which is run by a State, County, 
or Municipal Agency that could be affected by the proposed rule if they 
voluntarily decide to develop and use an automated recordkeeping 
system, but all serve populations of 50,000 or more and are not 
designated as small businesses.\17\ There are also 2 small passenger 
railroads.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \17\ Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et 
seq.), ''small governmental jurisdictions'' are governments of 
cities, counties, towns, townships, villages, school districts, or 
special districts with a population of less than 50,000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For the purposes of this analysis the 578 railroads FRA estimates 
to be potentially affected by this proposed rule are assumed to be 
small railroads. However, as discussed above, the impact on these small 
railroads would not be significant. This proposed rule would not affect 
any other small entities other than these small railroads. As stated 
above in Section V.A., although FRA estimates that if each of these 
railroads were to expend $5,294, this proposed rule would have a 
positive effect on these railroads, saving each

[[Page 51188]]

railroad approximately $86,846 in costs at discounted 7 percent over 
the 10-year analysis. Since this amount is relatively small and 
beneficial, FRA concludes that this proposed rule would not have a 
significant impact on these railroads.

C. Federalism

    Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, Aug. 10, 1999), 
requires FRA to develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful 
and timely input by State and local officials in the development of 
regulatory policies that have federalism implications.'' The executive 
order defines ``policies that have federalism implications'' to include 
regulations that have ``substantial direct effects on the States, on 
the relationship between the national government and the States, or on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels 
of government.'' Under Executive Order 13132, the agency may not issue 
a regulation with federalism implications that imposes substantial 
direct compliance costs and that is not required by statute, unless the 
Federal government provides the funds necessary to pay the direct 
compliance costs incurred by State and local governments or the agency 
consults with State and local government officials early in the process 
of developing the regulation. Where a regulation has federalism 
implications and preempts State law, the agency seeks to consult with 
State and local officials in the process of developing the regulation.
    FRA analyzed this NPRM consistent with the principles and criteria 
contained in Executive Order 13132. FRA has determined the proposed 
rule would not have substantial direct effects on States, on the 
relationship between the national government and States, or on the 
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of 
government. In addition, FRA has determined this proposed rule would 
not impose substantial direct compliance costs on State and local 
governments. Therefore, the consultation and funding requirements of 
Executive Order 13132 do not apply.
    This proposed rule would amend FRA's regulations on the HS 
reporting and recordkeeping requirements to allow a railroad with less 
than 400,000 employee hours annually, and a contractor or subcontractor 
providing covered service employees to such a railroad to create and 
maintain HS records for its covered service employees using an 
automated recordkeeping system. FRA is not aware of any State with 
regulations similar to this proposed rule. However, FRA notes that this 
part could have preemptive effect by the operation of law under Section 
20106 of the former Federal Railroad Safety Act of 1970, that Congress 
repealed, reenacted without substantive change, codified at 49 U.S.C. 
20106, and later amended (Section 20106). Section 20106 provides that 
States may not adopt or continue in effect any law, regulation, or 
order related to railroad safety or security that covers the subject 
matter of a regulation prescribed or order issued by the Secretary of 
Transportation (with respect to railroad safety matters), unless the 
State law, regulation, or order (1) qualifies under the ``essentially 
local safety or security hazard'' exception to Section 20106, (2) is 
not incompatible with a law, regulation, or order of the U.S. 
Government, and (3) does not unreasonably burden interstate commerce.
    In sum, FRA has analyzed this proposed rule consistent with the 
principles and criteria contained in Executive Order 13132. As 
explained above, FRA has determined that this proposed rule has no 
federalism implications other than possible preemption of State laws 
under 49 U.S.C. 20106 and 21109 (providing regulatory authority for 
hours of service). Accordingly, FRA has determined it is not required 
to prepare a federalism summary impact statement for this proposed 
rule.

D. International Trade Impact Assessment

    The Trade Agreement Act of 1979 prohibits Federal agencies from 
engaging in any standards or related activities that create unnecessary 
obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United States. Legitimate 
domestic objectives, such as safety, are not considered unnecessary 
obstacles. The statute also requires consideration of international 
standards, and, where appropriate, that they be the basis for U.S. 
standards. This rulemaking is purely domestic in nature and is not 
expected to affect trade opportunities for U.S. firms doing business 
overseas or for foreign firms doing business in the United States.

E. Paperwork Reduction Act

    FRA is submitting the information collection requirements in this 
proposed rule to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for approval 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 19995, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. The 
sections that contain the new information collection requirements are 
duly designated, and the estimated time to fulfill each requirement is 
as follows:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Total annual       Average time per    Total annual
       CFR Section--49 CFR         Respondent universe       responses             response        burden hours
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
228.11--Hours of Duty Records....  768 railroads/       27,511,875 records.  2 min./5 min./8 min       2,733,439
                                    signal contractors.
228.17--Dispatchers Record of      150 Dispatch         200,750 records....  3 hours............         602,250
 Train Movements.                   Offices.
228.19--Monthly Reports of Excess  300 railroads......  2,670 reports......  2 hours............           5,340
 Service.
228.103--Construction of Employee  50 railroads.......  1 petition.........  16 hours...........              16
 Sleeping Quarters--Petitions to
 allow construction near work
 areas.
228.201--Electronic Recordkeeping  563 railroads......  563 automated        24 hours...........          13,512
 System and Automated System                             systems.
 (Revised Requirement)--RR
 Automated Systems.
228.206--Requirements for          100,500 employees..  19,365 signed        5 minutes..........           1,614
 Automated Records and for                               certifications.
 Automated Recordkeeping Systems
 on Class III Railroads (New
 Requirements)--Certification of
 Employee's Electronic Signature.
--Additional Certification/        100,500 employees..  75 signed            5 minutes..........               6
 Testimony provided by Employee                          certifications.
 upon FRA Request.
--Class III Procedure for          563 railroads......  563 procedures.....  90 minutes.........             845
 Providing FRA/State inspector
 with System Access Upon Request.

[[Page 51189]]

 
228.207--Training in Use of        563 railroads......  5,879 trained        2 hours............          11,758
 Electronic System--Initial                              employees.
 Training.
--Refresher Training (Revised      768 railroads/       47,000 trained       1 hour.............          47,000
 Requirement).                      contractors.         employees.
49 U.S.C. 21102--The Federal       10 railroads.......  1 petition.........  10 hours...........              10
 Hours of Service Laws--Petitions
 for Exemption from Laws.
228.407--Analysis of Work          168 Railroads......  2 analyses.........  20 hours...........              40
 Schedules--RR Analysis of one
 cycle of work schedules of
 employees engaged in commuter or
 intercity passenger
 transportation.
--RR Report to FRA Administrator   168 railroads......  1 report...........  2 hours............               2
 of Each Work Schedule that
 Exceeds Fatigue Threshold.
--RR Fatigue Mitigation Plan--     168 railroads......  1 plan.............  4 hours............               4
 Submission and FRA Approval.
--Work Schedules, Proposed         168 railroads......  1 corrected          2 hours............               2
 Mitigation Plans/Tools,                                 document.
 Determinations of Operational
 Necessity--found Deficient by
 FRA and Needing Correction.
--Follow-up Analyses submitted to  168 railroads......  5 analyses.........  4 hours............              20
 FRA for Approval.
--Deficiencies found by FRA in     168 railroads......  1 corrected          2 hours............               2
 Revised Work Schedules and                              document.
 Accompanying Fatigue Mitigation
 Tools and Determinations of
 Operational Necessity Needing
 Correction.
--Updated Fatigue Mitigation       168 railroads......  8 plans............  4 hours............              32
 Plans.
--RR Consultation with Directly    168 railroads......  5 consultations....  2 hours............              10
 Affected Employees on: (i) RR
 Work Schedules at Risk for
 Fatigue Level Possibly
 Compromising Safety; (ii)
 Railroad's Selection of Fatigue
 Mitigation Tools; and (iii) All
 RR Submissions Required by this
 Section Seeking FRA Approval.
--Filed Employee Statements with   RR Employee          2 filed statements.  2 hours............               4
 FRA Explaining Any Issues          Organizations.
 Related to paragraph (f)(1) of
 this Section Where Consensus was
 Not Reached.
228.411--RR Training Programs on   168 railroads......  14 training          5 hours............              70
 Fatigue and Related Topics                              programs.
 (e.g., Rest, Alertness, Changes
 in Rest Cycles, etc.).
--Refresher Training for New       168 railroads......  150 initially tr.    1 hour.............             150
 Employees.                                              employees.
--RR Every 3-Years Refresher       168 railroads......  3,400 trained        1 hour.............           3,400
 Training for Existing Employees.                        employees.
--RR Record of Employees Trained   168 railroads......  3,550 records......  5 minutes..........             296
 in Compliance with this Section.
--Written Declaration to FRA by    140 railroads......  2 written            1 hour.............               2
 Tourist, Scenic, Historic, or                           declarations.
 Excursion Railroad Seeking
 Exclusion from this Section's
 Requirements because its
 Employees are Assigned Schedules
 wholly within the Hours of 4
 a.m. to 8 p.m. on the Same
 Calendar Day that Comply the
 Provisions of Sec.   228.405.
Appendix D--Guidance on Fatigue    168 railroads......  2 updated plans....  10 hours...........              20
 Management Plan--RR Reviewed and
 Updated Fatigue Management Plans.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    All estimates include the time for reviewing instructions; 
searching existing data sources; gathering or maintaining the needed 
data; and reviewing the information. Under 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(B), FRA 
solicits comments concerning: (1) Whether these information collection 
requirements are necessary for the proper performance of the functions 
of FRA, including whether the information has practical utility; (2) 
the accuracy of FRA's estimates of the burden of the information 
collection requirements; (3) the quality, utility, and clarity of the 
information to be collected; and (4) whether the burden of collection 
of information on those who are to respond, including through the use 
of automated collection techniques or other forms of information 
technology, may be minimized. Organizations and individuals desiring to 
submit comments on the collection of information requirements should 
direct them to Mr. Robert Brogan or Ms. Kimberly Toone, Federal 
Railroad Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., 3rd Floor, 
Washington, DC 20590. Comments may also be submitted via email to Mr. 
Brogan or Ms. Toone at the following address: Robert.Brogan@dot.gov; 
Kim.Toone@dot.gov.
    For information or a copy of the paperwork package submitted to 
OMB, contact Mr. Robert Brogan, Information Clearance Officer, at 202-
493-6292, or

[[Page 51190]]

Ms. Kimberly Toone at 202-493-6132. (These phone numbers are not toll-
free).
    OMB must make a decision concerning the collection of information 
requirements contained in this proposed rule between 30 and 60 days 
after publication of this document in the Federal Register. Therefore, 
to ensure OMB has sufficient time to fully consider a comment to OMB, 
OMB should receive it within 30 days of publication. The final rule 
will respond to any OMB or public comments on the information 
collection requirements contained in this proposal.
    FRA is not authorized to impose a penalty on persons for violating 
information collection requirements that do not display a current OMB 
control number, if required. FRA intends to obtain current OMB control 
numbers for any new information collection requirements resulting from 
this rulemaking action prior to the effective date of the final rule, 
and will announce the OMB control number, when assigned, by separate 
notice in the Federal Register.

F. Environmental Assessment

    FRA has evaluated this proposed rule consistent with its 
``Procedures for Considering Environmental Impacts'' (FRA's Procedures) 
(64 FR 28545, May 26, 1999) as required by the National Environmental 
Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), other environmental statutes, 
Executive Orders, and related regulatory requirements. FRA has 
determined this proposed rule is not a major FRA action requiring the 
preparation of an environmental impact statement or environmental 
assessment because it is categorically excluded from detailed 
environmental review under section 4(c)(20) of FRA's Procedures. See 64 
FR 28547, May 26, 1999. Section 4(c)(20) states:

[c]ertain classes of FRA actions have been determined to be 
categorically excluded from the requirements of these Procedures as 
they do not individually or cumulatively have a significant effect 
on the human environment. * * * The following classes of FRA actions 
are categorically excluded: * * * (20) Promulgation of railroad 
safety rules and policy statements that do not result in 
significantly increased emissions of air or water pollutants or 
noise or increased traffic congestion in any mode of transportation.

FRA has further concluded no extraordinary circumstances exist with 
respect to this proposed regulation that might trigger the need for a 
more detailed environmental review under sections 4(c) and (e) of FRA's 
Procedures. As a result, FRA finds that this proposed rule is not a 
major Federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human 
environment.

G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    Under section 201 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. 
L. 104-4, 2 U.S.C. 1531), each Federal agency ``shall, unless otherwise 
prohibited by law, assess the effects of Federal regulatory actions on 
State, local, and tribal governments, and the private sector (other 
than to the extent that such regulations incorporate requirements 
specifically set forth in law).'' Section 202 of the Act (2 U.S.C. 
1532) further requires that:

before promulgating any general notice of proposed rulemaking that 
is likely to result in the promulgation of any rule that includes 
any Federal mandate that may result in expenditure by State, local, 
and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, 
of $100,000,000 or more (adjusted annually for inflation) in any 1 
year, and before promulgating any final rule for which a general 
notice of proposed rulemaking was published, the agency shall 
prepare a written statement. . . .

The written statement, if required, would detail the effect on State, 
local, and tribal governments and the private sector.
    For the year 2013, FRA adjusted the monetary amount of $100,000,000 
to $151,000,000 for inflation. This proposed rule would not result in 
the expenditure of more than $151,000,000 by the public sector in any 
one year, and thus preparation of such a statement is not required.

H. Energy Impact

    Executive Order 13211 requires Federal agencies to prepare a 
Statement of Energy Effects for any ``significant energy action.'' 66 
FR 28355, May 22, 2001. Under the Executive Order, ``significant energy 
action'' means any action by an agency (normally published in the 
Federal Register) that promulgates, or is expected to lead to the 
promulgation of, a final rule or regulation (including a notice of 
inquiry, advance NPRM, and NPRM) that (1)(i) is a significant 
regulatory action under Executive Order 12866 or any successor order 
and (ii) is likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, 
distribution, or use of energy; or (2) is designated by the 
Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs as a 
significant energy action. FRA has evaluated this NPRM consistent with 
Executive Order 13211. FRA has determined this NPRM will not have a 
significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of 
energy and, thus, is not a ``significant energy action'' under the 
Executive Order 13211.

I. Privacy Act Statement

    Consistent with 5 U.S.C. 553(c), DOT solicits comments from the 
public to better inform its rulemaking process. DOT posts these 
comments, without edit, including any personal information the 
commenter provides, to www.regulations.gov, as described in the system 
of records notice (DOT/ALL-14 FDMS), which can be reviewed at 
www.dot.gov/privacy. Anyone can search the electronic form of any 
written communications and comments received into any of FRA's dockets 
by the name of the individual submitting the comment (or signing the 
document, if submitted on behalf of an association, business, labor 
union, etc.). See http://www.regulations.gov/#!privacyNotice for the 
privacy notice of regulations.gov or interested parties may review 
DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published 
on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477).

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 228

    Administrative practice and procedures, Buildings and facilities, 
Hazardous materials transportation, Noise control, Penalties, Railroad 
employees, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

The Proposed Rule

    For the reasons discussed in the preamble, FRA proposes to amend 
part 228 of chapter II, subtitle B of title 49, Code of Federal 
Regulations as follows:

PART 228--PASSENGER TRAIN EMPLOYEE HOURS OF SERVICE; RECORDKEEPING 
AND REPORTING; SLEEPING QUARTERS

0
1. The authority for part 228 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 21101-21109; Sec. 108, Div. 
A, Public Law 110-432, 122 Stat. 4860-4866, 4893-4894; 49 U.S.C. 
21301, 21303, 21304, 21311; 28 U.S.C. 2461, note; 49 U.S.C. 103; and 
49 CFR 1.89.

0
2. The heading of part 228 is revised to read as set forth above.
0
3. In Sec.  228.5, add definitions of ``Automated recordkeeping 
system'', ``Electronic recordkeeping system'', ``Electronic 
signature'', ``Eligible smaller railroad'', and ``Railroad that has 
less than 400,000 employee hours per year'' in alphabetical order to 
read as follows:

Sec.  228.5  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Automated recordkeeping system means a recordkeeping system that--
    (1) An eligible smaller railroad, or a contractor or subcontractor 
to such a

[[Page 51191]]

railroad, may use instead of a manual recordkeeping system or 
electronic recordkeeping system to create and maintain any records 
subpart B requires; and
    (2) Conforms to the requirements of Sec.  228.206.
* * * * *
    Electronic recordkeeping system means a recordkeeping system that--
    (1) A railroad may use instead of a manual recordkeeping system or 
automated recordkeeping system to create and maintain any records 
required by subpart B; and
    (2) Conforms to the requirements of Sec. Sec.  228.201-228.205.
    Electronic signature means an electronic sound, symbol, or process 
that--
    (1) Is attached to, or logically associated with, a contract or 
other record;
    (2) Is executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the 
record, to create either an individual's unique digital signature, or 
unique digitized handwritten signature; and
    (3) Complies with the requirements of Sec.  228.19(g) or Sec.  
228.206(a).
    Eligible smaller railroad means a railroad with less than 400,000 
employee hours per year that may create and maintain its hours of 
service records required by subpart B of this part by using an 
automated recordkeeping system.
* * * * *
    Railroad that has less than 400,000 employee hours per year means 
either: (1) A railroad that reported to FRA that it had less than 
400,000 employee hours during the preceding three consecutive calendar 
years under Sec.  225.21(d) of this chapter on Form FRA 6180.56, Annual 
Railroad Reports of Manhours by State; or (2) a railroad operating less 
than 3 consecutive calendar years that reported to FRA that it had less 
than 400,000 employee hours during the current calendar year under 
Sec.  225.21(d) of this chapter on Form FRA 6180.56, Annual Railroad 
Reports of Manhours by State.
* * * * *
0
4. In Sec.  228.9, revise its heading, add headings to paragraphs (a) 
and (b), and add paragraph (c) to read as follows:

Sec.  228.9  Manual, electronic, and automated records; general.

    (a) Manual records. * * *
* * * * *
    (b) Electronic records. * * *
* * * * *
    (c) Automated records. Each automated record maintained under this 
part shall be--
    (1) Signed electronically by the employee whose time on duty is 
being recorded or, in the case of a member of a train crew or a signal 
employee gang, digitally signed by the reporting employee who is a 
member of the train crew or signal gang whose time is being recorded as 
provided by Sec.  228.206(a);
    (2) Stamped electronically with the certifying employee's 
electronic signature and the date and time the employee electronically 
signed the record;
    (3) Retained for 2 years in a secured file that prevents alteration 
after electronic signature;
    (4) Accessible by the Administrator through a computer terminal of 
the railroad; and
    (5) Reproducible using printers at the location where records are 
accessed.

0
5. In Sec.  228.11, revise the first sentence of paragraph (a) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  228.11  Hours of duty records.

    (a) In general. Each railroad, or a contractor or a subcontractor 
of a railroad, shall keep a record of the hours of duty of each 
employee. * * *
* * * * *
0
6. Revise the heading of subpart D to read as follows:

Subpart D--Electronic Recordkeeping System and Automated 
Recordkeeping System

0
7. In Sec.  228.201, revise the section heading, designate the 
introductory text as paragraph (a) introductory text, redesignate 
paragraphs (1) through (6) as paragraphs (a)(1) through (6), revise the 
paragraphs newly designated as (a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(4), and (a)(5), and 
add paragraph (b) to read as follows:

Sec.  228.201  Electronic recordkeeping system and automated 
recordkeeping system; general.

    (a) Electronic recordkeeping system. For purposes of compliance 
with the recordkeeping requirements of subpart B, a railroad, or a 
contractor or a subcontractor to a railroad, may create and maintain 
any of the records required by subpart B through electronic 
transmission, storage, and retrieval, if all of the following 
conditions are met:
    (1) The system used to generate the electronic record meets all 
requirements of this paragraph (a) and all requirements of Sec. Sec.  
228.203 and 228.205;
* * * * *
    (3) The railroad, or contractor or subcontractor to the railroad, 
monitors its electronic database of employee hours of duty records 
through a sufficient number of monitoring indicators to ensure a high 
degree of accuracy of these records;
    (4) The railroad, or contractor or subcontractor to the railroad, 
trains its affected employees on the proper use of the electronic 
recordkeeping system to enter the information necessary to create their 
hours of service record, as required by Sec.  228.207;
    (5) The railroad, or contractor or subcontractor to the railroad, 
maintains an information technology security program adequate to ensure 
the integrity of the system, including the prevention of unauthorized 
access to the program logic or individual records; and
* * * * *
    (b) Automated recordkeeping system. For purposes of compliance with 
the recordkeeping requirements of subpart B, an eligible smaller 
railroad, or a contractor or a subcontractor that provides covered 
service employees to such a railroad, may create and maintain any of 
the records required by subpart B using an automated recordkeeping 
system if all of the following conditions are met:
    (1) The automated recordkeeping system meets all requirements of 
this paragraph (b) and all requirements of Sec.  228.206; and
    (2) The eligible smaller railroad or its contractor or 
subcontractor complies with all of the requirements of paragraph (a)(2) 
and paragraphs (a)(4) through (6) of this section for its automated 
records and automated recordkeeping system.
    (3) The railroad, or a contractor or subcontractor to the railroad 
that has developed an automated recordkeeping system continues to have 
less than 400,000 employee hours. If a railroad, or a contractor or 
subcontractor to the railroad, that has developed an automated 
recordkeeping system reports to FRA that the railroad has 400,000 or 
more than 400,000 employee hours in three consecutive calendar years 
under Sec.  225.21(d) of this chapter on its Annual Railroad Report of 
Manhours by State, then that railroad, or contractor or subcontractor 
to the railroad, is no longer eligible to use an automated 
recordkeeping system to record data subpart B of this part requires, 
unless the entity requests, and FRA grants, a waiver under Sec.  211.41 
of this chapter.
0
8. Add Sec.  228.206 to read as follows:

Sec.  228.206  Requirements for automated records and for automated 
recordkeeping systems on eligible smaller railroads, and their 
contractors or subcontractors that provide covered service employees to 
such railroads.

    (a) Use of electronic signature. Each employee creating a record 
required by subpart B of this part must sign the record using an 
electronic signature that meets the following requirements:

[[Page 51192]]

    (1) The record contains the printed name of the signer and the date 
and actual time the signature was executed, and the meaning (such as 
authorship, review, or approval) associated with the signature;
    (2) Each electronic signature is unique to one individual and shall 
not be used by, or assigned to, anyone else.
    (3) Before an eligible smaller railroad, or a contractor or 
subcontractor to the railroad, establishes, assigns, certifies, or 
otherwise sanctions an individual's electronic signature, or any 
element of such electronic signature, the organization shall verify the 
identity of the individual.
    (4) A person using an electronic signature shall, prior to or at 
the time of each such use, certify to FRA that the person's electronic 
signature in the system, used on or after [THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE 
FINAL RULE] is the legally binding equivalent of the person's 
traditional handwritten signature.
    (5) Each employee shall sign the initial certification of his or 
her electronic signature with a traditional handwritten signature. Each 
railroad using an automated system must maintain certification of each 
electronic signature at its headquarters or the headquarters of any 
contractor or subcontractor providing employees who perform covered 
service to such a railroad. Railroads, contractors, and subcontractors 
must also make the certification available to FRA upon request.
    (6) A person using an electronic signature in such a system shall, 
upon FRA request, provide additional certification or testimony on 
whether or not a specific electronic signature is the legally binding 
equivalent of his or her handwritten signature.
    (b) System security. Railroads using an automated recordkeeping 
system must protect the integrity of the system by the use of an 
employee identification number and password, or a comparable method, to 
establish appropriate levels of program access meeting all of the 
following standards:
    (1) Data input is restricted to the employee or train crew or 
signal gang whose time is being recorded, except that an eligible 
smaller railroad, or a contractor or subcontractor to such a railroad, 
may pre-populate fields of the hours of service record provided that--
    (i) The eligible smaller railroad, or its contractor or 
subcontractor, pre-populates fields of the hours of service record with 
information the railroad, or its contractor or subcontractor knows is 
factually accurate for a specific employee.
    (ii) The recordkeeping system may allow employees to copy data from 
one field of a record into another field, where applicable.
    (iii) The eligible smaller railroad, or its contractor or 
subcontractor does not use estimated, historical, or arbitrary 
information to pre-populate any field of an hours of service record.
    (iv) An eligible smaller railroad, or a contractor or a 
subcontractor to such a railroad, is not in violation of paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section if it makes a good faith judgment as to the 
factual accuracy of the data for a specific employee but nevertheless 
errs in pre-populating a data field.
    (v) The employee may make any necessary changes to the data by 
typing into the field without having to access another screen or obtain 
clearance from railroad, or contractor or subcontractor to the 
railroad.
    (2) No two individuals have the same electronic signature.
    (3) No individual can delete or alter a record after the employee 
who created the record electronically signs the record.
    (4) Any amendment to a record is either:
    (i) Electronically stored apart from the record that it amends; or
    (ii) Electronically attached to the record as information without 
changing the original record.
    (5) Each amendment to a record uniquely identifies the individual 
making the amendment.
    (6) The automated system maintains the records as originally 
submitted without corruption or loss of data.
    (7) Supervisors and crew management officials can access, but 
cannot delete or alter, the records of any employee after the employee 
electronically signs the record.
    (c) Identification of the individual entering data. If a given 
record contains data entered by more than one individual, the record 
must identify each individual who entered specific information within 
the record and the data the individual entered.
    (d) Search capabilities. The automated recordkeeping system must 
store records using the following criteria so all records matching the 
selected criteria are retrieved from the same location:
    (1) Date (month and year);
    (2) Employee name or identification number; and
    (3) Electronically signed records containing one or more instances 
of excess service, including duty tours in excess of 12 hours.
    (e) Access to records. An eligible smaller railroad, or contractor 
or subcontractor providing covered service employees to such a 
railroad, must provide access to its hours of service records under 
subpart B that are created and maintained in its automated 
recordkeeping system to FRA inspectors and State inspectors 
participating under 49 CFR part 212, subject to the following 
requirements:
    (1) Access to records created and maintained in the automated 
recordkeeping system must be obtained as required by Sec.  228.9(c)(4);
    (2) An eligible smaller railroad must establish and comply with 
procedures for providing an FRA inspector or participating State 
inspector with access to the system upon request. Railroads must 
provide access to the system as soon as possible but not later than 24 
hours after a request for access;
    (3) Each data field entered by an employee on the input screen must 
be visible to the FRA inspector or participating State inspector;
    (4) The data fields must be searchable as described in paragraph 
(d) of this section and must yield access to all records matching the 
criteria specified in a search.
    9. In Sec.  228.207, revise paragraphs (b)(1)(iii)(B) and (c)(1)(i) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  228.207  Training.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iii) * * *
    (B) The entry of hours of service data, into the electronic system 
or automated system or on the appropriate paper records used by the 
railroad or contractor or subcontractor to a railroad for which the 
employee performs covered service; and
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) Emphasize any relevant changes to the hours of service laws, 
the recording and reporting requirements in subparts B and D of this 
part, or the electronic, automated, or manual recordkeeping system of 
the railroad or contractor or subcontractor to a railroad for which the 
employee performs covered service since the employee last received 
training; and
* * * * *

    Issued in Washington, DC, on August 6, 2015.
Sarah Feinberg,
Acting Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2015-20663 Filed 8-21-15; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4910-06-P