Document ID: FAA-2018-0782-0001
Agency: faa
Document Type: Rule
Title: Special Conditions: Garmin International, Textron Aviation Inc. Model 560XL; Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From Unauthorized Internal Access
Posted Date: 2018-11-21T05:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 225 (Wednesday, November 21, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 58739-58740]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-25363]

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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2018-0782; Special Conditions No. 25-736-SC]

Special Conditions: Garmin International, Textron Aviation Inc. 
Model 560XL; Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From 
Unauthorized Internal Access

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Textron Aviation 
Inc. (Textron) Model 560XL, formerly known as, prior to July 29, 2015, 
the Cessna Model 560XL. This airplane, as modified by Garmin 
International (Garmin), will have a novel or unusual design feature 
when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the 
airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. This design 
feature is Garmin G5000 avionics that allow internal connection to 
previously isolated data networks, which are connected to systems that 
perform functions required for the safe operation of the airplane. The 
applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or 
appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special 
conditions contain the additional safety standards that the 
Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety 
equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

DATES: This action is effective on Garmin on November 21, 2018. Send 
comments on or before January 7, 2019.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket no. FAA-2018-0782 using 
any of the following methods:
     Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending 
your comments electronically.
     Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S. 
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room 
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
     Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket 
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
     Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
    Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without 
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal 
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the 
docket website, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all 
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the 
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an 
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act 
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478).
    Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at 
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions 
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of 
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., 
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Varun Khanna, Airplane and Flightcrew 
Interface Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and 
Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation 
Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198; 
telephone and fax 206-231-3159; email [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The substance of these special conditions 
has been published in the Federal Register for public comment in 
several prior instances with no substantive comments received. The FAA 
therefore finds it unnecessary to delay the effective date and finds 
that good cause exists for making these special conditions effective 
upon publication in the Federal Register.

Comments Invited

    We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by 
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments 
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the 
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.
    We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for 
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments 
we receive.

Background

    On March 21, 2017, Garmin applied for a supplemental type 
certificate to install Garmin G5000 avionics connected to the aircraft-
control domain and airline information-services domain

[[Page 58740]]

in Textron Model 560XL airplanes. This is a twin-engine, turbofan 
airplane with seating for 12 passengers and two crew members, and a 
maximum takeoff weight of 20,200 pounds.

Type Certification Basis

    Under the provisions of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 
CFR) 21.101, Garmin must show that the Textron Model 560XL airplane, as 
changed, continues to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations 
listed in Type Certificate No. A22CE, or the applicable regulations in 
effect on the date of application for the change, except for earlier 
amendments as agreed upon by the FAA.
    If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness 
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or 
appropriate safety standards for the Textron Model 560XL airplane 
because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are 
prescribed under the provisions of Sec.  21.16.
    Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which 
they are issued. Should the applicant apply for a supplemental type 
certificate to modify any other model included on the same type 
certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature, 
these special conditions would also apply to the other model under 
Sec.  21.101.
    In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special 
conditions, the Textron Model 560XL airplane must comply with the fuel-
vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the 
noise-certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
    The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in 
accordance with Sec.  11.38, and they become part of the type 
certification basis under Sec.  21.101.

Novel or Unusual Design Features

    The Textron Model 560XL airplane, as modified by Garmin, will 
incorporate the following novel or unusual design features:
    Garmin G5000 avionics that allow internal connection to previously 
isolated data networks, which are connected to systems that perform 
functions required for the safe operation of the airplane.

Discussion

    The Textron Model 560XL airplane architecture is novel or unusual 
for commercial transport airplanes because it allows connection to 
previously isolated data networks connected to systems that perform 
functions required for the safe operation of the airplane. This data 
network and design integration creates a potential for unauthorized 
persons to access the aircraft-control domain and airline information-
services domain, and presents security vulnerabilities related to the 
introduction of computer viruses and worms, user errors, and 
intentional sabotage of airplane electronic assets (networks, systems, 
and databases) critical to the safety and maintenance of the airplane.
    The existing regulations and guidance material did not anticipate 
this type of system architecture or electronic access to airplane 
systems. Furthermore, 14 CFR regulations and the current system-safety 
assessment policy and techniques do not address potential security 
vulnerabilities, which could be exploited by unauthorized access to 
airplane networks and servers. Therefore, these special conditions 
ensure that the security of airplane systems and networks is not 
compromised by unauthorized wired or wireless internal access.
    These special conditions contain the additional safety standards 
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of 
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness 
standards.

Applicability

    As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the 
Textron Model 560XL airplane. Should Garmin apply at a later date for a 
supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on 
Type Certificate No. A22CE to incorporate the same novel or unusual 
design feature, these special conditions would apply to that model as 
well.

Conclusion

    This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features 
on one model of airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability and 
affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of the 
features on the airplane.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

Authority Citation

    The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.

The Special Conditions

    Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of 
the type certification basis for Textron Model 560XL airplanes as 
modified by Garmin, for airplane electronic-system security protection 
from unauthorized internal access.
    1. The applicant must ensure that the design provides isolation 
from, or airplane electronic-system security protection against, access 
by unauthorized sources internal to the airplane. The design must 
prevent inadvertent and malicious changes to, and all adverse impacts 
upon, airplane equipment, systems, networks, or other assets required 
for safe flight and operations.
    2. The applicant must establish appropriate procedures to allow the 
operator to ensure that continued airworthiness of the airplane is 
maintained, including all post-type-certification modifications that 
may have an impact on the approved electronic-system security 
safeguards.

    Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on November 15, 2018.
Chris R. Parker,
Acting Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation 
Division, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2018-25363 Filed 11-20-18; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P