Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2005-0145-0010
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2006-12-20T05:00Z

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

OFFICE OF           

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

MEMORANDUM

DATE:	 	10/20/2006	

					

SUBJECT:	PP# 3E6791.  Human Health Risk Assessment for Boscalid. 
Proposal for Tolerances for Residues in/on Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A,
except Head and Leaf Lettuce, and Leaf Petioles Subgroup 4B. 

DP Number:	354126

Chemical#:	128008	

Class:	Fungicide

Trade Name:

	Endura( 

Pristine(

	EPA Reg#:

EPA Reg#:

		7969-197

7969-199

40 CFR:	§180.589

TO:		Barbara A. Madden/Dan Rosenblatt PM 05

Risk Integration Minor Use Emergency Response Branch

Registration Division (7505P)

FROM:	Shaja R. Brothers, Risk Manager Reviewer 

Minor Use Team/Risk Integration Minor Use Emergency Response Branch 

Registration Division (7505P)

THROUGH:	William Cutchin, Chemist 

Alternative Risk Integration Assessment Team/Technical Review Branch 

Registration Division (7505P)

                     and

		Richard A. Loranger, Branch Senior Scientist

Registration Action Branch 2 

Health Effects Division (7509P)

1.0   EXECUTIVE SUMMARY tc \l1 "1.0   EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

General Background

Boscalid, 3-pyridinecarboxamide,
2-chloro-N-(4'-chloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl), is a fungicide and a member
of the carboxamide (anilide) class of compounds.  The Interregional
Research Project Number 4 (IR-4) has proposed the establishment of
tolerances for the Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf
lettuce, and leaf petioles subgroup 4B.  Tolerances are currently
established for the representative commodities celery and spinach at 60
ppm and 45 ppm, respectively.  IR-4 is subsequently requesting the
establishment of tolerances for the commodity subgroups, Leafy Greens
Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf lettuce at 60 ppm, and leaf petioles
subgroup 4B at 45 ppm.  BASF, the registrant, supports this action.  

         

Permanent tolerances have been established in 40 CFR §180.589 for
residues of boscalid in/on numerous plant commodities.  These tolerances
include those for primary crops, rotational crops, and livestock
commodities.  A time-limited tolerance is also established for
tangerines in conjunction with a Section 18 emergency exemption request,
and is currently set to expire December 2008.  Tolerances are also
established for the combined residues of boscalid and its glucuronic
acid conjugate in/on animal commodities, eggs, and meat byproducts of
cattle, goats, horses, and sheep.  Additionally, the requested
tolerances for the Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf
lettuce at 60 ppm, and leaf petioles subgroup 4B at 45 ppm will replace
the existing tolerances for celery and spinach.    

The initial risk assessment for boscalid was performed by Y. Donovan (DP
Number 290022, September 8, 2003).  Please refer to this document for
information pertaining to the toxicological, and residue chemistry
databases.  To date, there have been no additions to the toxicological
database, and no changes in either the toxicological endpoints chosen
for hazard evaluation, or the FQPA Safety Factor determination.  The
databases referenced above are chemical specific and are not germane to
the commodities addressed in this assessment.  

The following end-use products are used on the crops in this tolerance
petition (PP# 3E6791): Endura Fungicide (EPA Reg. No. 7969-197), and
Pristine Fungicide (EPA Reg. No. 7969-199).  Endura contains 70% by
weight boscalid, and 30% inert ingredients.  Pristine contains boscalid
and a second fungicide, pyraclostrobin, in a 2:1 ratio (25.2% boscalid,
12.8% pyraclostrobin).   Pristine and Endura are proposed for use on
Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf lettuce, and leaf
petioles subgroup 4B.  

The acute, chronic, and cancer hazard assessments for boscalid are
summarized as follows: 

Acute:  There were no toxic effects attributable to a single dose.  An
endpoint of concern was not identified to quantitate acute-dietary risk
to the general population or to the subpopulation females 13-50 years
old.  Therefore, there is no acute reference dose (aRfD) or acute
population-adjusted dose (aPAD) for the general population or population
subgroup identified above.  Chronic:  Toxicity was seen in several
species of animals.  Effects were seen in the thyroid and liver.  The
chronic NOAEL was 21.8 mg/kg bw/day.  The uncertainty factor for
intraspecies variability and interspecies extrapolation was 100X, and
the FQPA Safety Factor was reduced to 1X.  As a result, the chronic
population adjusted dose (cPAD) is 0.218 mg/kg/day.  For the dermal
route, the absorption rate is 15% relative to oral.  For the inhalation
route, the absorption rate is assumed to be 100%.  The residential and
occupational level of concern (LOC) for all routes is a Margin of
Exposure (MOE) of 100.  Cancer: The Cancer Assessment Review Committee
(CARC) classified boscalid as having “suggestive evidence of
carcinogenicity, but not sufficient to assess human carcinogenic
potential.”  The quantification of human cancer risk was not
recommended.  Therefore, a cancer risk assessment was not performed.    
   

Residential Exposure Estimates

The daily dermal dose and dermal MOE for the post-application activity,
golfing, are 0.0008 mg/kg/day, and 27,000, respectively, based on the
highest daily average transferable turf residue for wet turf.  The MOE
for the non-occupational dermal post-application exposure was greater
than the target MOE of 100.  Therefore residential/non-occupational risk
did not exceed the Agency’s level of concern.    

Dietary Exposure Estimates

The chronic dietary exposure analysis was performed using DEEM-FCID(
(Version 2.03).  The analysis was based on tolerance level residues,
default processing factors, and assumed 100% crop treated.  Leafy Greens
Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf lettuce and leaf petioles subgroup 4B
were also incorporated at tolerance level residues.  Celery and spinach
(previously submitted) residue data were accepted as surrogate data for
the establishment of the requested tolerance.  The risk estimates are
below the Agency’s level of concern for the general U.S. population
and all population subgroups.  The most highly exposed population
subgroup is children 1-2 years, which utilizes 38% of the cPAD.  The
general U.S. population utilizes 11% of the cPAD. 

Drinking Water Exposure Estimates

The Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) provided the Tier I
estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) for boscalid in surface
water and groundwater for use in the human health risk assessment.  EFED
used the simulation models FIRST to calculate the surface water EDWCs,
and SCI-GROW to calculate the groundwater concentration.  The turf use
represents the highest annual application rate.  The EDWCs from FIRST
are 87.53 for acute and 25.77 ppb for chronic.  The SCI-GROW estimate
for groundwater exposure is 0.63 ppb.

Aggregate Exposure and Risk Conclusions

Acute Aggregate Exposure and Risk

There were no toxic effects attributable to a single dose.  An endpoint
of concern was not identified to quantitate acute-dietary risk to the
U.S. general population or to the subpopulation females 13-50 years old.
 Therefore, an acute aggregate risk assessment was not performed.  

Short-Term Aggregate Exposure and Risk

Post-application exposure from golf courses is considered short-term,
and is applicable to both adults and youth.  The non-occupational use to
be aggregated with dietary exposure is turf on golf courses.  The target
maximum daily exposure to boscalid residues is 0.22 mg/kg/day.  The sum
of the food, water, and residential exposures is 0.024 mg/kg/day.  The
estimated MOE is 1400, and exceeds the target MOE of 100.  Therefore the
short-term aggregate risk and exposure is not of concern to the Agency. 
  

Intermediate-Term Aggregate Exposure and Risk

Intermediate-term exposures are not anticipated.  Therefore an
intermediate-term aggregate risk assessment was not performed.    

Chronic Aggregate Exposure and Risk

The chronic dietary exposure analysis was performed using the DEEM-FCID
(Version 2.03) Model.  The assessment was based on tolerance level
residues, DEEM (Version 7.81) default processing factors, and assumed
100% crop treated.  The chronic aggregate assessment includes food and
drinking water only.  As a result, the chronic aggregate risk assessment
is equivalent to the chronic dietary risk assessment.  The most highly
exposed population subgroup is children 1-2 years, which utilizes 38% of
the cPAD.  The general U.S. population utilizes 11% of the cPAD. 
Therefore, the aggregate chronic exposure is below the Agency’s level
of concern. 

Occupational Estimated Exposure and Risk

There is potential for exposure to boscalid during activities performed
by occupational handlers and post-application workers.  The estimated
MOEs were from 4,500 to 17,000 (at the baseline level) for handlers
performing crop protection uses.  The estimated MOEs were from 450 to
61,000 (at the single layer level) for handlers performing seed
treatment uses.  MOE estimates exceed the target of 100, and are not of
concern to the Agency.       

The crop protection post-application estimated MOEs were from 570 to
2,800 on the day of application.  The post-application estimated MOEs
for seed treatment uses were from 8,400 to 370,000.  These MOE estimates
also exceed the target of 100, and likewise are not of concern to the
Agency.           

The technical material has a Toxicity Category IV for eye
irritation/skin irritation, and Category III for acute dermal toxicity. 
Per the Worker Protection Standard (WPS), a 12-hour restricted entry
interval (REI) is required, and is appropriate for the label.  

Conclusions

Boscalid, parent is the only residue of concern for both the tolerance
expression and risk assessment.  Therefore, the ARIA team concludes that
there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to the U.S.
general population, and all population subgroups from short-term and
chronic aggregate exposure.  

Recommendation

The submitted field trials performed on celery and spinach are adequate
to support the proposed tolerances requested by IR-4.  No deficiencies
were noted in the submitted data that would preclude establishing new
tolerances for boscalid on the Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and
leaf lettuce at 60 ppm, and leaf petioles subgroup 4B at 45 ppm.  ARIA
recommends deleting celery and spinach tolerances in 40 CFR § 180.589.

2.0 PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES tc \l1 "2.0 PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES  CHARACTERIZATION

The physical and chemical properties are specific to the chemical
boscalid.  For further information on the properties of boscalid, please
view the following assessments:  Boscalid Summary of Analytical
Chemistry and Residue Data (D. Dotson, DP Number 322235, 11/3/2005), and
Boscalid Human Health Risk Assessment (Y. Donovan, DP Number 290022,
9/8/2003). 

3.0  HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION

The hazard characterization has not changed since the initial review of
boscalid.  For further information on the characterization of boscolid,
please view the following assessments:  HED HIARC Report (A. Levy, TXR
No. 0051613, 3/7/2003), and Boscalid Human Health Risk Assessment (Y.
Donovan, DP Number 290022, 9/8/2003).

 

4.0   EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT tc \l1 "4.0   EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT 

4.1 Summary of Registered and Proposed Uses tc \l2 "4.1 Summary of
Registered and Proposed Uses 

Permanent tolerances have been established in 40 CFR §180.589 for
residues of boscalid in/on numerous plant commodities.  These tolerances
include those for primary crops, rotational crops, and livestock
commodities.  A time-limited tolerance is also established for
tangerines in conjunction with a Section 18 emergency exemption request,
and is currently set to expire December 2008.  Tolerances are also
established for the combined residues of boscalid and its glucuronic
acid conjugate in/on animal commodities, eggs, and meat byproducts of
cattle, goats, horses, and sheep.  Additionally, IR-4 is requesting
tolerances for the Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf
lettuce, and leaf petioles subgroup 4B.  The Agency has approved celery
and spinach residue data (previously submitted).  These data satisfy the
residue data requirements for the requested subgroups, and are accepted
as surrogate data for the use of establishing these tolerances. 
Therefore, Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf lettuce and
leaf petioles subgroup 4B will replace the existing tolerances for
celery and spinach, respectively.    

The following end-use products are used on the crops in this tolerance
petition (PP# 3E6791): Endura Fungicide (EPA Reg. No. 7969-197),
Pristine Fungicide (EPA Reg. No. 7969-199).  Endura contains 70% by
weight boscalid, and 30% inert ingredients.  Pristine contains boscalid
and a second fungicide, pyraclostrobin, in a 2:1 ratio (25.2% boscalid,
12.8% pyraclostrobin).   Pristine and Endura are proposed for use on
Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf lettuce, and leaf
petioles subgroup 4B.  Crops are to be treated with a broadcast spray
made by either ground or aerial equipment.  Celery and spinach may
receive a maximum of two treatments per season at a rate of 0.40 lb ai/A
for a total seasonal application rate of 0.80 lb ai/A.  The proposed
pre-harvest interval is 0 days.  

4.2 Dietary Exposure/Risk Pathway

 tc \l2 "4.2 Dietary Exposure/Risk Pathway 

4.2.1 Residue Profile 

Leafy Greens Subgroup 4A, except head and leaf lettuce and leaf petioles
subgroup 4B were incorporated in DEEM-FCID TM at tolerance level
residues.  Celery and spinach (previously submitted) residue data were
accepted as surrogate data for the establishment of the requested
tolerances.  Therefore, tolerances for celery and spinach will be
deleted in the 40 CFR § 180.589.  For further information  tc \l3
"4.2.1 Residue Profile  for boscalid in/on celery and spinach (i.e.,
metabolism studies, analytical enforcement methods, frozen storage
stability studies), please view the following assessments:  Boscalid
Human Health Risk Assessments (D. Dotson, DP Number 290185, 2/10/2004,
Y. Donovan, DP Number 290022, 9/8/2003), Summary of Analytical Chemistry
and Residue Data (M. Nelson, DP Number 286787, 8/15/03), and MARC
Decision Memo (M. Nelson, DP Number 286786, 1/9/2003).    

International Harmonization

There are currently no International or Codex Maximum Residue Levels
(MRLs) for boscalid.  Boscalid tolerances were initially established in
the U.S. in conjunction with a joint review with Canada’s Pesticide
Management Regulatory Agency.  MRLs have not been finalized in Canada at
this time.  The Agency recommended tolerances of 45 ppm on celery and 60
ppm on spinach exceed the proposed Canadian MRL of 1.0 ppm on these
crops.  However, the Canadian level is based on rotational crop
residues, whereas the U.S. is currently establishing celery and spinach
tolerances to cover direct use on these crops.

4.2.2 Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk tc \l3 "4.2.2 Chronic Dietary
Exposure and Risk 

The chronic dietary exposure analysis was performed using the DEEM-FCID
(Version 2.03) Model.  The assessment was based on tolerance level
residues, DEEM (Version 7.81) default processing factors, and assumed
100% crop treated.  The most highly exposed population subgroup is
children 1-2 years, which utilizes 38% of the cPAD.  The general U.S.
population utilizes 11% of the cPAD.  This analysis is very
conservative, and requires no further refinements.  As a result, the
risk estimates are well below the Agency’s level of concern.  

Table 1.  Summary of Dietary Exposure and Risk for Boscalid

Population Subgroup	

Acute Analysis	

DEEM: Chronic Analysis	

Cancer Analysis

Dietary Exposure (mg/kg/day)	

% cPAD

	

General U.S. Population	Not Applicable:  No Acute Dietary Endpoint	

0.023311	

11	

Not Applicable: No cancer risk assessment is required

All Infants (< 1 year old)

0.052281	

24

	

Children 1-2 years old

0.082483	

38

	

Children 3-5 years old

0.056792	

26

	

Children 6-12 years old

0.028500	

13

	

Youth 13-19 years old

0.016295	

8

	

Adults 20-49 years old

0.017377	

8

	

Adults 50+ years old

0.019261	

9

	

Females 13-49 years old

0.017586	

8

	

4.2.3 Cancer Dietary tc \l3 "4.2.3 Cancer Dietary 

The CARC stated that boscalid exhibited “suggestive evidence of
carcinogenicity, but not sufficient to assess human carcinogenic
potential.”  The quantification of human cancer risk was not
recommended.  Therefore, a cancer risk assessment was not performed.    
 

4.3 Water Exposure/Risk Pathway  

 tc \l2 "4.3 Water Exposure/Risk Pathway   EFED provided Tier I EDWCs
for boscalid in surface water and in groundwater for use in the human
health risk assessment.  EFED used the simulation models FIRST to
calculate the surface water EDWCs and SCI-GROW to calculate the
groundwater concentration.  The turf use represents the highest annual
application rate for boscalid.  The EDWCs from FIRST for acute and
chronic exposures are 87.53 ppb and 25.77 ppb, respectively.  The
SCI-GROW estimate for groundwater exposure is 0.63 ppb.

4.4 Non-Occupational Exposure/Risk Pathway 

A short-term non-occupational dermal post-application exposure risk
assessment for individuals golfing and harvesting fruit at “U-pick”
farms and orchards was previously conducted (S. Wang, DP Number 290072,
6/23/03).  The daily dermal dose and dermal MOE for golfing, the
post-application activity are 0.0008 mg/kg/day and 27,000, respectively,
based on the highest daily average transferable turf residue for wet
turf in Pennsylvania.  No new residential uses are proposed for this
request.  Therefore, a new residential exposure risk assessment is not
required.     

4.5 Other (Spray Drift) tc \l2 "4.5 Other (Spray Drift, etc.) 

Spray drift is always a potential source of exposure to residents living
in close proximity to spraying operations.  This situation is
particularly the case with aerial application.  However, to a lesser
extent, spray drift resulting from the ground application of boscalid
could also be a potential source of exposure.  The Agency has been
working with the Spray Drift Task Force (a membership of U.S. pesticide
registrants), EPA Regional Offices, State Lead Agencies for pesticide
regulation, and other parties to develop the best spray drift management
practices.  The Agency is now requiring interim mitigation measures for
aerial applications that must be placed on product labels/labeling.  The
Agency has completed its evaluation of the new database submitted by the
Spray Drift Task Force, and is developing a policy on how to apply
appropriately the data and the AgDRIFT computer model to its risk
assessments for pesticides applied by air, orchard airblast, and ground
hydraulic methods.  After the policy is in place, the Agency may impose
further refinements in spray drift management practices to reduce
off-target drift and risks associated with pesticide application.  

5.0  AGGREGATE RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CHARACTERIZATION

5.1 Acute Risk tc \l2 "5.1 Acute Risk  

 

There were no toxic effects attributable to a single dose.  An endpoint
of concern was not identified to quantitate an acute-dietary risk to the
U.S. general population or to the subpopulation females 13-50 years old.
 Therefore, an acute aggregate risk assessment was not performed.    

5.2  Short-Term Risk tc \l2 "5.2  Short-Term Risk 

Post-application exposure from golf courses is considered short-term,
and is applicable to both adults and youth.  The exposure estimate was
calculated using the general U.S. population, but is considered to be
representative of youth since youth and adults possess similar body
surface area to weight ratios, and the dietary exposure for youth (13-19
years old) is less than that of the general U.S. population.  The
non-occupational use to be aggregated with dietary exposure is turf on
golf courses.  The exposure to boscalid residues in drinking water was
included in the dietary exposure analysis.  The target maximum daily
exposure to boscalid residues is 0.22 mg/kg/day.  The sum of the food,
water, and residential exposures is 0.024 mg/kg/day.  The estimated MOE
is 1400, and exceeds the target MOE of 100.  Therefore the short-term
aggregate risk and exposure is not of concern to the Agency.    

Table 2.  Short-Term Aggregate Risk and DWLOC Calculations for the
General U.S. Population

(Inhalation/Oral/Dermal Endpoints and NOAELs the Same)

Population	

Short-Term Scenario

	

NOAEL

mg/kg/day	

Target MOE	

Max

Exposure2

mg/kg/day	

Average

Dietary Exposure (food + water)

mg/kg/day	

Residential Exposure3

mg/kg/day	

Aggregate Food, Water, and Residential Exposure4

mg/kg/day

U.S.	

21.8	

100	

0.218	

0.023256	

0.0008	

0.0241

5.3  Intermediate-Term Risk

Intermediate-term exposures are not anticipated.  Therefore an
intermediate-term aggregate risk assessment was not performed.    

5.4  Chronic Risk tc \l2 "5.4  Chronic Risk 

The chronic dietary exposure analysis was performed using DEEM-FCID(
(Version 2.03).  The analysis was based on tolerance level residues,
default processing factors, and assumed 100% crop treated.  Although the
chronic aggregate risk assessment takes into account average exposure
estimates from the dietary consumption and residential uses, this
analysis includes food and drinking water only.  Exposure resulting from
turf grass on golf courses is considered short term and therefore was
not incorporated in this analysis.  The most highly exposed population
subgroup is children 1-2 years, which utilizes 38% of the cPAD.  The
general U.S. population utilizes 11% of the cPAD (see Table 1). 
Therefore, risk estimates are below the Agency’s level of concern for
the general U.S. population and all population subgroups.    

5.5  Cancer Risk tc \l2 "5.5  Cancer Risk 

The CARC stated that boscalid exhibited “suggestive evidence of
carcinogenicity, but not sufficient to assess human carcinogenic
potential.”  The quantification of human cancer risk was not
recommended.  Therefore, a cancer risk assessment was not performed.    
 

6.0	CUMULATIVE RISK tc \l1 "6.0	CUMULATIVE RISK 

FQPA (1996) stipulates that when determining the safety of a pesticide
chemical, EPA shall base its assessment of the risk posed by the
chemical on, among other things, available information concerning the
cumulative effects to human health that may result from dietary,
residential, or other non-occupational exposure to other substances that
have a common mechanism of toxicity. The reason for consideration of
other substances is due to the possibility that low-level exposures to
multiple chemical substances that cause a common toxic effect by a
common mechanism could lead to the same adverse health effect as would a
higher level of exposure to any of the other substances individually.  A
person exposed to a pesticide at a level that is considered safe may in
fact experience harm if that person is also exposed to other substances
that cause a common toxic effect by a mechanism common with that of the
subject pesticide, even if the individual exposure levels to the other
substances are also considered safe.

The Agency did not perform a cumulative risk assessment as part of this
tolerance action for boscalid because the Agency has not yet initiated a
review to determine if there are any other chemical substances that have
a mechanism of toxicity common with that of boscalid.  For purposes of
this tolerance action, EPA has assumed that boscalid does not have a
common mechanism of toxicity with other substances.

On this basis, the registrant must submit, upon EPA’s request and
according to a schedule determined by the Agency, such information as
the Agency directs to be submitted in order to evaluate issues related
to whether boscalid shares a common mechanism of toxicity with any other
substance and, if so, whether any tolerances for boscalid need to be
modified or revoked.  If the Agency identifies other substances that
share a common mechanism of toxicity with boscalid, the Agency will
perform aggregate exposure assessments on each chemical, and will begin
to conduct a cumulative risk assessment. 

The Office of Pesticides (OPP) has recently developed a framework that
it proposes to use for conducting cumulative risk assessments on
substances that have a common mechanism of toxicity.  This guidance was
issued for public comment on January 16, 2002 (67 FR 2210-2214) and is
available from the OPP Website at: 
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/trac/science/cumulative_guidance.pdf.  In
the guidance, it is stated that a cumulative risk assessment of
substances that cause a common toxic effect by a common mechanism will
not be conducted until an aggregate exposure assessment of each
substance has been completed.

Before undertaking a cumulative risk assessment, OPP will follow
procedures for identifying chemicals that have a common mechanism of
toxicity as set forth in the “Guidance for Identifying Pesticide
Chemicals and Other Substances that Have a Common Mechanism of
Toxicity” (64 FR 5795-5796, February 5, 1999).

7.0 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE AND RISK tc \l1 "7.0 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE AND
RISK  

Pesticide workers performing their activities will be exposed to
boscalid during and after the application of the fungicide.  For further
information on the occupational exposure and risk from boscolid, please
view the following assessment:  Boscalid Occupational Residential
Exposure Assessment (S. Wang,  DP Number 321801, 9/20/2005).

DATA NEEDS

No deficiencies were noted in the submitted data that would preclude
establishing new tolerances for boscalid on the Leafy Greens Subgroup
4A, except head and leaf lettuce, and leaf petioles subgroup 4B.  For
further information on outstanding data needs that are not germane to
these uses, please view the following assessment:  Boscalid Human Health
Risk Assessment (Y. Donovan, DP Number 290022, 9/8/2003). 

References:

Boscalid Chronic Dietary Exposure Assessment, S. Brothers, DP Number
332672, 10/17/2006

Boscalid Summary of Analytical Chemistry and Residue Data, D. Dotson, DP
Number 322235, 11/3/2005

Boscalid Occupational Residential Exposure Assessment, S. Wang, DP
Number 321801, 9/20/2005

Boscalid Human Health Risk Assessment, D. Dotson, DP Number 290185,
2/10/2004

Boscalid Human Health Risk Assessment, Y. Donovan, DP Number 290022,
9/8/2003

Summary of Analytical Chemistry and Residue Data, M. Nelson, DP Number
286787, 8/15/03

Boscalid Occupational Residential Exposure Assessment, S. Wang, DP
Number 290072, 6/23/03

HED HIARC Report, C. Levy, TXR No. 0051613, 3/7/2003

MARC Decision Memo, M. Nelson, DP Number 286786, 1/9/2003 

    

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