Document ID: SEC-2018-0035-0001
Agency: sec
Document Type: Notice
Title: Self-Regulatory Organizations; Proposed Rule Changes: Nasdaq PHLX, LLC
Posted Date: 2018-01-09T05:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 6 (Tuesday, January 9, 2018)]
[Notices]
[Pages 1054-1058]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-00214]

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-82442; File No. SR-Phlx-2017-108]

Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing 
and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Amend the 
Exchange's Pricing Schedule

January 4, 2018.
    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that 
on December 21, 2017, Nasdaq PHLX LLC (``Phlx'' or ``Exchange'') filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') the 
proposed rule change as described in Items I, II, and III below, which 
Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The Commission is publishing 
this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from 
interested persons.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance 
of the Proposed Rule Change

    The Exchange proposes to amend the Exchange's Pricing Schedule in 
the following respects: (i) Modify the Simple Order rebate applicable 
to Specialists \3\ and Market Makers \4\ for adding liquidity in SPY; 
\5\ (ii) establish a new $0.05 per contract surcharge for Customers \6\ 
whose SPY Complex Orders execute against simple Market Maker or 
Specialist orders resting on the Simple Order Book; (iii) reduce the 
per contract

[[Page 1055]]

credit that certain member organizations are entitled to receive when 
routing away more than 5,000 Customer contracts per day in a given 
month; and (iv) increase permit fees for Floor Brokers and Floor 
Specialists and Market Makers.
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    \3\ The term ``Specialist'' applies to transactions for the 
account of a Specialist (as defined in Exchange Rule 1020(a)). A 
Specialist is an Exchange member who is registered as an options 
specialist pursuant to Rule 1020(a). An options Specialist includes 
a Remote Specialist which is defined as an options specialist in one 
or more classes that does not have a physical presence on an 
Exchange floor and is approved by the Exchange pursuant to Rule 501.
    \4\ The term ``ROT, SQT and RSQT'' applies to transactions for 
the accounts of Registered Option Traders (``ROTs''), Streaming 
Quote Traders (``SQTs''), and Remote Streaming Quote Traders 
(``RSQTs''). For purposes of the Pricing Schedule, the term ``Market 
Maker'' will be utilized to describe fees and rebates applicable to 
ROTs, SQTs and RSQTs. RSQTs may also be referred to as Remote Market 
Markers (``RMMs'').
    \5\ Options overlying Standard and Poor's Depositary Receipts/
SPDRs (``SPY'') are based on the SPDR exchange-traded fund 
(``ETF''), which is designed to track the performance of the S&P 500 
Index.
    \6\ The term ``Customer'' applies to any transaction that is 
identified by a member or member organization for clearing in the 
Customer range at The Options Clearing Corporation (``OCC'') which 
is not for the account of a broker or dealer or for the account of a 
``Professional'' (as that term is defined in Rule 1000(b)(14)).
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    The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's 
website at http://nasdaqphlx.cchwallstreet.com/, at the principal 
office of the Exchange, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.

II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

    In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements 
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and 
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The 
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in 
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in 
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such 
statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose
    The purpose of the proposed rule change is to amend the Exchange's 
Pricing Schedule in the following respects: (i) Modify the Simple Order 
rebate applicable to Specialists and Market Makers for adding liquidity 
in SPY; (ii) establish a new $0.05 per contract surcharge for Customers 
whose SPY Complex Orders execute against simple Market Maker or 
Specialist orders resting on the Simple Order Book; (iii) reduce the 
per contract credit that certain member organizations are entitled to 
receive when routing away more than 5,000 Customer contracts per day in 
a given month; and (iv) increase permit fees for Floor Brokers and 
Floor Specialists and Market Makers.
Simple Order Rebate for Adding Liquidity in SPY
    The Exchange first proposes to amend Section I.A. of the Exchange's 
Pricing Schedule, which sets forth a schedule of rebates and fees for 
adding and removing liquidity in SPY with respect to Simple Orders. 
Presently, the Pricing Schedule provides that Customers and Specialists 
are entitled to a rebate to the extent that they add a requisite amount 
of electronically executed Simple Order contracts per day in a given 
month in SPY. The existing rebate varies on a five tier basis, which 
each tier corresponding to a range of average daily volumes (``ADV'') 
of Simple Order contracts in SPY added per month. The Exchange now 
proposes to add a sixth tier to this Pricing Schedule. Specifically, it 
proposes to amend Tier 4 by adjusting the applicable ADV range from 
20,000 to 49,999 to 20,000 to 34,999 contracts per day in SPY in a 
month and by decreasing the applicable per contract rebate from $0.31 
to $0.27 per contract. The Exchange also proposes to establish a new 
Tier 5, which will provide for a $0.30 per contract rebate that 
Customers and Specialists will receive for adding an ADV of between 
35,000 and 49,999 contracts per day in SPY in a month. Finally, the 
Exchange proposes to rename the existing Tier 5 as Tier 6. The rebate 
applicable to the new Tier 6 will remain $0.35 per contract for an ADV 
of greater than 49,999 contracts per day in SPY in a month.
    The Exchange proposes the foregoing amendments, which will reduce 
the rebate amount from that which applies to existing Tier 4 to that 
which will apply to new Tiers 4 and 5, so as to provide a greater 
incentive to Specialists and Market Makers to seek to qualify for the 
top tier of rebates (new Tier 6). The Exchange also proposes to split 
the existing Tier 4 into two tiers to provide for a more graduated 
transition among tiers in the Pricing Schedule.
Customer Complex Order Surcharge
    Second, the Exchange proposes to amend Section I.B of the Pricing 
Schedule, which sets forth a schedule of rebates and fees for adding 
and removing liquidity in SPY with respect to Complex Orders. 
Presently, the Pricing Schedule charges Customers no fees for adding or 
removing Complex Orders in SPY even as it charges fees to other 
categories of member organizations for doing the same, including Market 
Makers and Specialists.
    Customers submit Complex Orders to the Exchange because often, 
Customers are able to execute such Complex Orders immediately by 
executing the individual components thereof through interactions with 
Market Maker and Specialist quotes that rest on the Exchange's Simple 
Order Book. These Customers benefit from not having to wait for 
counterparties that are willing to execute against their Complex Orders 
in the Complex Order Book.
    Going forward, the Exchange proposes to impose a $0.05 per contract 
surcharge on Customers that execute Complex Orders against Market Maker 
or Specialist quotes resting on the Simple Order Book. The Exchange 
proposes this surcharge to reduce the costs to it of such transactions. 
Not only does the Exchange receive no fees from Customers for engaging 
in these transactions, but the Exchange also pays rebates to the Market 
Makers and Specialists whose quotes execute against the Customers' 
Complex Orders. Pursuant to Section I.A. of the Exchange's Pricing 
Schedule, these rebates range from $0.15 to $0.35 per contact.
Routing Credit
    Third, the Exchange proposes to amend Section V of its Pricing 
Schedule, which sets forth the fees it charges to Customers and Non-
Customers for routing orders away from the Exchange. Presently, Section 
V pays a credit (equal to a Fixed Fee plus $0.05 per contract) \7\ to a 
member organization that qualifies for a Tier 2, 3, 4 or 5 rebate in 
the Customer Rebate Program in Section B of the Pricing Schedule and 
that routes away more than 5,000 Customer contracts per day in a given 
month. The Exchange proposes to decrease the amount of the per contract 
portion of the credit from $0.05 to $0.01 per contract. The Exchange 
proposes to decrease the amount of this credit because it no longer 
wishes to provide substantial subsidies to member organizations that 
route Customer orders away from the Exchange.
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    \7\ If the away market transaction fee is $0.00 or the away 
market pays a rebate, then the Exchange provides the member 
organization with a credit equal to the applicable Fixed Fee only.
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Permit Fees
    Finally, the Exchange proposes to amend Section VI of the Pricing 
Schedule, which sets forth the Exchange's membership fees. 
Specifically, the Exchange proposes to increase its monthly Permit Fees 
for Floor Brokers, Floor Specialists and Market Makers. The Exchange 
presently charges Floor Brokers a monthly Permit Fee of $3,000 and it 
now proposes to increase that fee to $4,000 per month. The Exchange 
presently charges Floor Specialists and Market Makers a monthly Permit 
Fee of $4,500 and it now proposes to increase that Fee to $6,000 per 
month. The Exchange proposes to increase the amounts of these Permit 
Fees to recoup its financial investment in building a new Trading Floor 
for the Exchange as well as the costs associated with developing and 
deploying new and more advanced technologies for use on the new Trading 
Floor by Floor Brokers, Floor Specialists, and Market Makers.

[[Page 1056]]

2. Statutory Basis
    The Exchange believes that its proposal is consistent with Section 
6(b) of the Act,\8\ in general, and furthers the objectives of Sections 
6(b)(4) and 6(b)(5) of the Act,\9\ in particular, in that it provides 
for the equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other charges 
among members and issuers and other persons using any facility, and is 
not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, 
issuers, brokers, or dealers.
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    \8\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
    \9\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4) and (5).
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    The Commission and the courts have repeatedly expressed their 
preference for competition over regulatory intervention in determining 
prices, products, and services in the securities markets. In Regulation 
NMS, while adopting a series of steps to improve the current market 
model, the Commission highlighted the importance of market forces in 
determining prices and SRO revenues and, also, recognized that current 
regulation of the market system ``has been remarkably successful in 
promoting market competition in its broader forms that are most 
important to investors and listed companies.'' \10\
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    \10\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 2005), 
70 FR 37496, 37499 (June 29, 2005) (``Regulation NMS Adopting 
Release'').
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    Likewise, in NetCoalition v. Securities and Exchange Commission 
\11\ (``NetCoalition'') the D.C. Circuit upheld the Commission's use of 
a market-based approach in evaluating the fairness of market data fees 
against a challenge claiming that Congress mandated a cost-based 
approach.\12\ As the court emphasized, the Commission ``intended in 
Regulation NMS that `market forces, rather than regulatory 
requirements' play a role in determining the market data . . . to be 
made available to investors and at what cost.'' \13\
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    \11\ NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir. 2010).
    \12\ See NetCoalition, at 534-535.
    \13\ Id. at 537.
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    Further, ``[n]o one disputes that competition for order flow is 
`fierce.' . . . As the SEC explained, `[i]n the U.S. national market 
system, buyers and sellers of securities, and the broker-dealers that 
act as their order-routing agents, have a wide range of choices of 
where to route orders for execution'; [and] `no exchange can afford to 
take its market share percentages for granted' because `no exchange 
possesses a monopoly, regulatory or otherwise, in the execution of 
order flow from broker dealers'. . . .'' \14\ Although the court and 
the SEC were discussing the cash equities markets, the Exchange 
believes that these views apply with equal force to the options 
markets.
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    \14\ Id. at 539 (quoting Securities Exchange Act Release No. 
59039 (December 2, 2008), 73 FR 74770, 74782-83 (December 9, 2008) 
(SR-NYSEArca-2006-21)).
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Simple Order Rebate for Adding Liquidity in SPY
    The Exchange believes that its proposal is reasonable to decrease 
the amounts of its mid-tier rebates to Market Makers and Specialists 
that add liquidity in SPY because the Exchange seeks to provide a 
greater incentive to Market Makers and Specialists to increase their 
ADVs of contracts in SPY so as to qualify for the top rebate tier, 
which will be new Tier 6. The Exchange believes that this proposal is 
an equitable allocation and is not unfairly discriminatory because the 
same decrease in rebates will apply to all similarly situated Market 
Makers and Specialists. Further, Market Makers and Specialists and 
Market Makers have obligations to the market and regulatory 
requirements, which normally do not apply to other market 
participants.\15\ They have obligations to make continuous markets, 
engage in a course of dealings reasonably calculated to contribute to 
the maintenance of a fair and orderly market, and not make bids or 
offers or enter into transactions that are inconsistent with a course 
of dealings. The differentiation as between Specialists and Market 
Makers and all other market participants recognizes the differing 
contributions made to the liquidity and trading environment on the 
Exchange by these market participants. An increase in the activity of 
these market participants in turn facilitates tighter spreads, which 
may cause an additional corresponding increase in order flow from other 
market participants.
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    \15\ See Rule 1014 titled ``Obligations and Restrictions 
Applicable to Specialists and Registered Options Traders.''
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Customer Complex Order Surcharge
    The Exchange believes that its proposal is reasonable to impose a 
$0.05 per contract surcharge on Customers that execute Complex Orders 
against Market Maker or Specialist Quotes that rest on the Simple Order 
Book. Specifically, the Exchange believes that it is reasonable for it 
to impose this surcharge as a means to reduce the Exchange's costs 
associated with these transactions because each such transaction costs 
the Exchange between $0.15 and $0.35 per contract in rebates to Market 
Makers and Specialists. Moreover, it is reasonable to impose this 
surcharge on Customers because Customers benefit the most from being 
able to achieve immediate executions of their Complex Orders in the 
relevant scenario. The Exchange believes that the surcharge is minimal 
and will not be substantial enough to eliminate or even significantly 
diminish the benefits to Customers of being able to achieve immediate 
executions in this manner. Finally, the Exchange notes that all other 
account categories--Professionals, Firms, Broker-Dealers, Specialists, 
and Market Makers--pay higher fees (between $0.43 and $0.50 per 
contract) for removing liquidity from the Complex Order Book than 
Customers would pay under the proposal when they execute their Complex 
Orders against Simple Orders of Market Makers and Specialists that are 
resting on the Simple Order Book.
    The Exchange believes that the proposal is an equitable allocation 
and is not unfairly discriminatory because the Exchange will uniformly 
apply the fee to all similarly situated Customers. Moreover, Customers 
may avoid this new surcharge by executing their Complex Orders in the 
Exchange's Complex Order Book or by sending them to other trading 
venues where the transaction costs to them will be less expensive. Even 
with this surcharge, Customers are assessed the least amount per 
contract for executions in SPY. As noted herein, Customers are not 
assessed fees for adding and removing liquidity for SPY Complex Orders. 
The Exchange believes that assessing Customers lower fees is equitable 
and not unfairly discriminatory because Customer orders bring valuable 
liquidity to the market, which liquidity benefits other market 
participants. Customer liquidity benefits all market participants by 
providing more trading opportunities, which attracts Specialists and 
Market Makers. An increase in the activity of these market participants 
in turn facilitates tighter spreads, which may cause an additional 
corresponding increase in order flow from other market participants.
Routing Credit
    The Exchange believes that its proposal is reasonable to reduce the 
amount of the credit it presently provides to certain member 
organizations that route away more than 5,000 Customer orders per day 
in a given month. Although the Exchange wishes to continue providing 
incentives to member organizations to utilize its routing service, it 
seeks to reduce the incentive for member organizations to route orders 
to away markets. Despite the reduction, the Exchange believes the 
credit remains competitive.

[[Page 1057]]

    The Exchange believes that the proposal is an equitable allocation 
and is not unfairly discriminatory because the same reduced credit will 
uniformly be assessed on all member organizations when routing orders.
Permit Fees
    Finally, the Exchange believes that its proposal is reasonable to 
increase its monthly Permit Fees for Floor Brokers and Floor 
Specialists and Market Makers. The Exchange has made substantial 
investments in building a new state-of-the-art Trading Floor for the 
Exchange as well as developing and deploying new and more advanced 
technologies for use on the new Trading Floor to the benefit of Floor 
Brokers, Floor Specialists, and Market Makers. The increased Permit 
Fees are a reasonable way for the Exchange to recoup some of these 
investments. Moreover, it is reasonable for the Exchange to recoup 
these investments from those members and member organizations that 
utilize the new Trading Floor and associated technologies.
    The Exchange believes that the proposal is an equitable allocation 
and is not unfairly discriminatory because the same reduced credit will 
uniformly apply uniformly to all situated Floor Brokers, Specialists, 
and Market Makers that utilize the Trading Floor. Likewise, the 
Exchange does not believe that its proposal to increase Permit Fees 
will unduly burden competition because Floor Brokers, Market Makers, 
and Specialists may choose to utilize the Exchange's electronic 
environment or become members of other exchanges' trading floors if 
they conclude that the Exchange's Permit Fees are prohibitively 
expensive.

B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

    The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will 
impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in 
furtherance of the purposes of the Act. In terms of inter-market 
competition, the Exchange notes that it operates in a highly 
competitive market in which market participants can readily favor 
competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to be 
excessive, or rebate opportunities available at other venues to be more 
favorable. In such an environment, the Exchange must continually adjust 
its fees to remain competitive with other exchanges and with 
alternative trading systems that have been exempted from compliance 
with the statutory standards applicable to exchanges. Because 
competitors are free to modify their own fees in response, and because 
market participants may readily adjust their order routing practices, 
the Exchange believes that the degree to which fee changes in this 
market may impose any burden on competition is extremely limited.
    In this instance, the proposed changes to the charges assessed and 
the credits and rebates available do not impose a burden on competition 
because the Exchange's execution services are completely voluntary and 
subject to extensive competition both from other exchanges and from 
off-exchange venues. In sum, if the changes proposed herein are 
unattractive to market participants, it is likely that the Exchange 
will lose market share as a result. Accordingly, the Exchange does not 
believe that the proposed changes will impair the ability of members or 
competing order execution venues to maintain their competitive standing 
in the financial markets.
Simple Order Rebate for Adding Liquidity in SPY
    The Exchange's proposal to decrease the amounts of its mid-tier 
rebates to Market Makers and Specialists that add liquidity in SPY does 
not impose an undue burden on competition because Market Makers and 
Specialists and Market Makers have obligations to the market and 
regulatory requirements, which normally do not apply to other market 
participants.\16\ They have obligations to make continuous markets, 
engage in a course of dealings reasonably calculated to contribute to 
the maintenance of a fair and orderly market, and not make bids or 
offers or enter into transactions that are inconsistent with a course 
of dealings. The differentiation as between Specialists and Market 
Makers and all other market participants recognizes the differing 
contributions made to the liquidity and trading environment on the 
Exchange by these market participants. An increase in the activity of 
these market participants in turn facilitates tighter spreads, which 
may cause an additional corresponding increase in order flow from other 
market participants.
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    \16\ See Rule 1014 titled ``Obligations and Restrictions 
Applicable to Specialists and Registered Options Traders.''
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Customer Complex Order Surcharge
    The Exchange's proposal to impose a $0.05 per contract surcharge on 
Customers that execute Complex Orders against Market Maker or 
Specialist Quotes that rest on the Simple Order Book does not impose an 
undue burden on competition because Customers may avoid this new 
surcharge by executing their Complex Orders in the Exchange's Complex 
Order Book or by sending them to other trading venues where the 
transaction costs to them will be less expensive. Even with this 
surcharge, Customers are assessed the least amount per contract for 
executions in SPY. As noted herein, Customers are not assessed fees for 
adding and removing liquidity for SPY Complex Orders. The Exchange 
believes that assessing Customers lower fees is equitable and not 
unfairly discriminatory because Customer orders bring valuable 
liquidity to the market, which liquidity benefits other market 
participants. Customer liquidity benefits all market participants by 
providing more trading opportunities, which attracts Specialists and 
Market Makers. An increase in the activity of these market participants 
in turn facilitates tighter spreads, which may cause an additional 
corresponding increase in order flow from other market participants.
Routing Credit
    The Exchange's proposal to reduce the amount of the credit it 
presently provides to certain member organizations that route away more 
than 5,000 Customer orders per day in a given month does not impose an 
undue burden on competition because the reduced credit will uniformly 
be assessed on all member organizations when routing orders.
Permit Fees
    The Exchange's proposal to increase its monthly Permit Fees for 
Floor Brokers and Floor Specialists and Market Makers does not impose 
an undue burden on competition because the permit fees will be 
uniformly assessed to all Floor Brokers, Specialists, and Market Makers 
that utilize the Trading Floor. Likewise, the Exchange does not believe 
that its proposal to increase Permit Fees will unduly burden 
competition because Floor Brokers, Market Makers, and Specialists may 
choose to utilize the Exchange's electronic environment or become 
members of other exchanges' trading floors if they conclude that the 
Exchange's Permit Fees are prohibitively expensive.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed 
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

    No written comments were either solicited or received.

[[Page 1058]]

III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for 
Commission Action

    The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section 
19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act.\17\
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    \17\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).
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    At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule 
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule 
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is: (i) 
Necessary or appropriate in the public interest; (ii) for the 
protection of investors; or (iii) otherwise in furtherance of the 
purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the 
Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether the 
proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.

IV. Solicitation of Comments

    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and 
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule 
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of 
the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
     Send an email to [email protected]. Please include 
File Number SR-Phlx-2017-108 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities 
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to File Number SR-Phlx-2017-108. This file 
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help 
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, 
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on 
the Commission's internet website (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). 
Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written 
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with 
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed 
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those 
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions 
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in 
the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 
20549 on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 
3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection 
and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments 
received will be posted without change. Persons submitting comments are 
cautioned that we do not redact or edit personal identifying 
information from comment submissions. You should submit only 
information that you wish to make available publicly. All submissions 
should refer to File Number SR-Phlx-2017-108, and should be submitted 
on or before January 30, 2018.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\18\
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    \18\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2018-00214 Filed 1-8-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 8011-01-P