Document ID: EPA-R05-OAR-2019-0700-0001
Agency: epa
Document Type: Proposed Rule
Title: Proposed Approval of the Wisconsin VOC RACT Requirements for Lithographic Printing Facilities
Posted Date: 2020-09-25T04:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 187 (Friday, September 25, 2020)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 60413-60415]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-20517]

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R05-OAR-2019-0700; FRL-10013-26-Region 5]

Air Plan Approval; Wisconsin; VOC RACT Requirements for 
Lithographic Printing Facilities

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
approve a State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the 
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR or Wisconsin) on 
December 13, 2019. Wisconsin requests that EPA approve rules related to 
control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from offset 
lithographic printing operations into the Wisconsin's SIP. These 
revisions include amendments to the Wisconsin Administrative Code 
(WAC), Chapter NR 422.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before October 26, 2020.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R05-
OAR-2019-0700 at http://www.regulations.gov, or via email to 
aburano.douglas@epa.gov. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov, 
follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, 
comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. For either 
manner of submission, EPA may publish any comment received to its 
public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you 
consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia 
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written 
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and 
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will 
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of 
the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing 
system). For additional submission methods, please contact the person 
identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the full 
EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia 
submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please 
visit http://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kathleen Mullen, Environmental 
Engineer, Attainment Planning and Maintenance Section, Air Programs 
Branch (AR-18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West 
Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 353-3490, 
Mullen.Kathleen@epa.gov. The EPA Region 5 office is open from 8:30 a.m. 
to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding Federal holidays and 
facility closures due to COVID 19.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA.

I. What is EPA proposing?

    EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Wisconsin 
Administrative Code Chapter NR 422, into the Wisconsin SIP. These 
revisions amend the control of VOC emissions from offset lithographic 
printing operations.

II. What is the background for these actions?

    There are two state rules (NR 422.142 and NR 422.143, Wis. Adm. 
Code) regulating VOC emissions from lithographic printing operations in 
Wisconsin.
    Section NR 422.142, Wis. Adm. Code (Lithographic printing--Part 1) 
contains requirements that were established as RACT requirements for 
the 1979 1-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for 
nine counties in southeast Wisconsin (Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, 
Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha 
Counties), and became effective on July 1, 1995. Section NR 422.143, 
Wis. Adm. Code (Lithographic printing--Part 2) was established as RACT 
requirements for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for seven counties located 
in southeast Wisconsin (Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, 
Washington, and Waukesha), and became effective on August 1, 2009. The 
requirements in Part 2 are based on the limits established in the 
latest Control Techniques Guidelines (CTG) for Offset Lithographic 
Printing and Letterpress Printing, published by EPA in 2006. NR 422.142 
and NR 422.143 were previously approved into Wisconsin's SIP on August 
7, 2012 (77 FR 46961).
    The two-part organizational structure of these rules creates 
potential confusion in the application of the rules. Revisions to these 
rules (NR 422.142 and NR 422.143, Wis. Adm. Code) will clarify and 
streamline the VOC RACT requirements for lithographic printing 
facilities. The

[[Page 60414]]

revised Wisconsin Administrative Code Chapter NR 422 became effective 
July 1, 2019.

III. What is EPA's analysis of Wisconsin's SIP revision?

    EPA has reviewed Wisconsin's revised VOC rules for lithographic 
printing facilities, which include: Adding new definitions in NR 
422.02, Wis. Adm. Code., changing the rule applicability of NR 422.142 
and 422.143, Wis. Adm. Code, replacing the term ``blanket or roller 
wash'' with ``cleaning solution'' in NR 422.142 and 422.143, Wis. Adm. 
Code, revising the VOC emission limits for blanket or roller wash, 
clarifying the associated monitoring and recordkeeping requirements, 
eliminating the periodic stack testing requirements for small sources, 
and including the calculation methods for composite partial vapor 
pressure calculations in NR 422.143.
    The proposed revisions are consistent with the latest CTG published 
by EPA in 2006, clarify the existing state rule requirements for 
lithographic printing operations in the southeastern part of Wisconsin, 
and streamline the implementation of these state rules. A brief 
discussion of these revisions follows.

NR 422--Control of Organic Compound Emissions From Surface Coating, 
Printing, and Asphalt Surfacing Operations

NR 422.02(7c)--Definition
    A new definition to ``Automatic blanket and roller wash'' has been 
added to Wisconsin's lithographic printing regulations. This definition 
is approvable because it is a necessary update to the definition 
section and accurately describes that ``Automatic blanket and roller 
wash'' refers to all the printing press-related cleaning activities 
consistent with the CTG.
NR 422.02(14m)--Definition
    A new definition to ``Cleaning solution'' has been added to 
Wisconsin's lithographic printing regulations. This definition is 
approvable because it is a necessary update to the definition section 
and accurately describes cleaning solutions consistent with the CTG.
NR 422.02(45e)--Definition
    A new definition to ``Janitorial supplies'' has been added to 
Wisconsin's lithographic printing regulation. This definition is 
approvable because it is a necessary update to the definition section 
and accurately describes janitorial supplies consistent with the CTG.
NR 422.142--Lithographic Printing--Part 1
    This rule has been amended to narrow its applicability to cover 
only existing facilities located in Kewaunee and Manitowoc counties. 
Specifically, seven counties (Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, 
Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha) from the list of the affected 
facilities under NR 422.142 were removed, because they are covered 
under the requirements of NR 422.143, which is more stringent and 
consistent with the latest CTG published in 2006. This revision is 
approvable because it is consistent with the subject CTG.
NR 422.142 and NR 422.143
    The printing industry refers to ``blanket or roller wash'' as the 
solvents used for blanket wash and roller wash only. ``Cleaning 
solution'' refers to all the printing press-related cleaning 
activities. In order to clarify how the term is used by the printing 
industry, these rules have been revised to replace the term ``blanket 
or roller wash'' with ``cleaning solution.'' These revisions are 
approvable since they are consistent with the terms used in EPA's 2006 
CTG.
NR 422.142(2)(c) and 422.143(3)(c)
    The VOC content limits for the cleaning solutions have been revised 
to be less than 70% by weight. This change is approvable since it is 
consistent with the VOC content limits in the 2006 CTG.
NR 422.142(2)(c)
    The formula used to calculate the VOC vapor pressure limits for the 
cleaning solutions was revised from ``vapor pressure for each VOC 
component'' to ``VOC composite partial vapor pressure.'' This revision 
is approvable since it is consistent with VOC vapor pressure limits 
used in NR 422.143 and the latest 2006 CTG.
NR 422.142(3), NR 422.142(4), NR 422.143(5), and NR 422.143(6)
    The monitoring and recordkeeping requirements were revised to 
clarify the temperature monitoring and maintenance requirements for 
control devices. These revisions are approvable since they clarify the 
rule requirements regarding monitoring and record keeping for 
lithographic printing operations.
NR 422.142(5)(b)2 and 422.143(7)(b)2
    The stack test requirements for small sources were revised to 
remove periodic stack testing that requires retesting the control 
device every 48 months. These revisions apply only to sources with 
allowable VOC emissions that are less than 100 tons per year from 
lithographic printing facilities. The tested control efficiencies for 
these existing lithographic printing sources exceed 98%, and control 
efficiency does not go down as the control device ages. Therefore, it 
was determined that initial stack testing, periodic monitoring and 
recording of control device operating temperature, and maintenance of 
the control device are sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the 
control efficiency requirements for the control devices installed with 
the lithographic printing presses, and the periodic stack testing 
requirement for small sources could be removed. These revisions are 
approvable since they clarify the rule requirements regarding stack 
test testing for small lithographic printing sources and do not 
compromise the effectiveness of the rule.
NR 422.142(5)(b)1 and 422.143(7)(b)1
    For the lithographic printing sources with allowable VOC emissions 
that are greater than 100 tons per year, the periodic testing 
requirement (every 24 months) will remain in the rule. The testing 
exception scenarios specified in NR 439.075(4), Wis. Adm. Code, still 
apply to these larger sources that could reduce the frequency of 
periodic testing for these sources. The language in NR 422.142(5)(b)1. 
and 422.143(7)(b)1., Wis. Adm. Code, was revised to clarify that the 
testing exceptions in NR 439.075(4), Wis. Adm. Code, apply to larger 
sources. These revisions are approvable since they clarify the rule 
requirements regarding stack testing for large lithographic printing 
sources.
NR 422.143(7)(d) and NR 422.142(5)(d)
    Section NR 422.143(7)(d) was added to include the equation used to 
calculate composite partial vapor pressure for cleaning solutions. This 
revision clarifies how affected sources are to demonstrate compliance 
with the applicable limitations. Section NR 422.142(5)(d) was revised 
to incorporate this calculation method. These revisions are approvable 
since they clarify the rule requirements regarding composite partial 
vapor pressure calculations for lithographic printing operations.
NR 422.143--Lithographic Printing--Part 2
    The applicable areas in this section were revised to cover new and 
modified lithographic printing facilities in Kewaunee and Manitowoc 
Counties. New control devices in these counties must meet the higher 
control efficiency requirements for add-on control devices specified in 
this section. Revisions in this section are approvable because they

[[Page 60415]]

are consistent with the most recent CTG and clarify the existing state 
rule requirements for lithographic printing operations.

IV. What action is EPA taking?

    EPA is proposing to approve the Wisconsin SIP revisions to its 
rules relating to the control of VOC emissions from offset lithographic 
printing operations (WI Admin Code NR 422.02, 422.142, 422.143) 
submitted on December 13, 2019. EPA is soliciting public comment on the 
issues discussed in this document. These comments will be considered 
before taking final action.

V. Incorporation by Reference

    In this proposed rule, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA 
rule regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In 
accordance with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, EPA is proposing to 
incorporate by reference Wisconsin Administrative Code provisions NR 
422.02, NR 422.142, and NR 422.143, published in the Wisconsin Register 
June 2019 No. 762b and became effective July 1, 2019. EPA has made, and 
will continue to make, these documents generally available through 
www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region 5 Office (please contact the 
person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of 
this preamble for more information).

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable 
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and 
does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state 
law. For that reason, this action:
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011);
     Is not an Executive Order 13771 (82 FR 9339, February 2, 
2017) regulatory action because SIP approvals are exempted under 
Executive Order 12866;
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA; and
     Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has 
demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian 
country, the proposed rule does not have tribal implications and will 
not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt 
tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 
9, 2000).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Ozone, Volatile organic 
compounds.

    Dated: September 10, 2020.
Cheryl Newton,
Deputy Regional Administrator, Region 5.
[FR Doc. 2020-20517 Filed 9-24-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P