Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2006-0821-0005
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2007-06-27T04:00Z

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

OFFICE OF           

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Date:		21-February-2007

Subject:		Buprofezin - Acute and Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk
Assessments.  		PP#:  5E6981.  PC Code:  275100.  DP Barcode:  335841. 
Decision:  360273.

Reviewer/To:	Tom Bloem, Chemist

		Registration Action Branch 1/Health Effects Division (RAB1/HED; 7509P)

Through:		Yvonne Barnes, Chemist, Reregistration Branch 2 (RRB2)

		Thurston Morton, Chemist, RRB4

		Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC)

		George F. Kramer, Ph.D., Branch Senior Scientist

		RAB1/HED (7509P)

Executive Summary

The acute and chronic dietary risk assessments were conducted using the
Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model - Food Consumption Intake Database
(DEEM-FCID(, ver. 2.03).  DEEM-FCID( incorporates food consumption data
from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Continuing
Surveys of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII; 1994-1996 and 1998).  The
current assessment is being conducted in support of the stone fruit
petition and grape and papaya amendments (residue chemistry review -
D326792, T. Bloem, 21-Feb-2007) 

The acute analysis assumed DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing
factors and 100% crop treated for all commodities.  Tolerance-level
residues were assumed for all commodities excluding meat and milk. 
Since meat and milk (limit of quantitation (LOQ) tolerances) residues
were only detected in the feeding study at 6.8-9.3x the maximum
theoretical dietary burden (MTDB), residues in these commodities were
normalized to 1x the MTDB.  The acute analysis also incorporated the
acute Pesticide Root Zone Model 3 (PRZM3; Carsel,1997)/Exposure Analysis
Modeling System (EXAMS; Bums, 2002; Tier 2) surface drinking water
estimate resulting from application of buprofezin to grapes in New York
(highest acute estimate; 2 x 0.50 lb ai/acre; RTI = 14 days).    SEQ
CHAPTER \h \r 1 The resulting acute exposure estimate for females 13-49
years old was less than HED’s level of concern (6% aPAD).  No acute
endpoint was identified for the remaining population subgroups.  

The chronic analysis assumed tolerance level, average field trial, or
average USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP; apple, orange, and orange
juice) residues.  Since meat and milk (LOQ tolerances) residues were
only detected in the feeding study at 6.8-9.3x the MTDB, residues in
these commodities were normalized to 1x the MTDB.  DEEM™ (ver. 7.81)
default processing factors were assumed for all commodities excluding
orange juice (PDP data therefore processing factor reduced to 1).  The
chronic analysis incorporated percent crop treated estimates or
projected percent crop treated estimates when available (orange, orange
juice, and apple remained at 100% as PDP data were used) and
incorporated the PRZM3/EXAMS surface drinking water estimate resulting
from application of buprofezin to cherries in Michigan (highest chronic
estimate; 2 x 1.5 lb ai/acre; RTI = 14 days).  The resulting chronic
exposure estimates less than HED’s level of concern (≤92% cPAD;
children 1-2 years old were the most highly exposed population).

I.	Introduction

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a
given pesticide.  For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is
expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose
which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health
effects).  This dose is referred to as the population adjusted dose
(PAD).  The PAD is equivalent to the reference dose (RfD) divided by the
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) Safety Factor.  For acute and
non-cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary
risk exceeds 100% of the PAD.  References which discuss the acute and
chronic risk assessments in more detail are available on the
EPA/pesticides web site:  “Available Information on Assessing Exposure
from Pesticides, A User’s Guide,” 6/21/2000, web link:     
HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf" 
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/ EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf  ; or
see SOP 99.6 (8/20/99).  The most recent buprofezin dietary risk
assessment was conducted by T. Bloem (D328806, 12-Apr-2006).

II.	Residue Information

jugates, reduction of the DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing factors
for fruit crops and in crops with an extended interval from initial
application to harvest is inappropriate.  



Table 1:  Summary of MARC decisions for Buprofezin

Matrix	Residues of Concern

	For Risk Assessment	For Tolerance Expression

plants	buprofezin1,2	buprofezin

rotational crops	buprofezin	buprofezin, BF9, and BF12

ruminant tissue	buprofezin and  BF2	buprofezin

milk	buprofezin and BF23	buprofezin

poultry and eggs	Due to the limited residues in egg and tissue samples
collected from the poultry metabolism study, the MARC determined that a
conclusion pertaining to the residues of concern in egg and poultry was
not possible. 

water	Buprofezin	not applicable

1	the residues of concern in fruit crops and crops with an interval
greater than ~50 days from initial application to harvest are buprofezin
and BF4 conjugates

2	residues of concern in grape juice are buprofezin, BF4 conjugates, and
BF12; BF12 is a residue of concern in grape juice because the BF12 grape
juice processing factor (0.75x)  is much greater than the buprofezin
grape juice processing factor (0.14x) and residues of BF12 may be
significant in grape juice

Established/Recommended Tolerances:    SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Buprofezin is
currently registered for application to several fruit and vegetable
commodities with tolerances for residues of buprofezin ranging from 0.02
- 80 ppm (40 CFR 180.511).  Tolerances have also been established for
residues of buprofezin, as a result of secondary residues, in milk (0.01
ppm) and ruminant and hog fat (0.05 ppm), liver (0.05 ppm), and meat
byproducts (0.05 ppm).  The Interregional Research Project No. 4 (IR-4)
is requesting a stone fruit registration and is proposing amending the
grape and papaya and related tropical fruit registrations.  HED has
reviewed the residue chemistry data submitted in support of these
requests and concludes that the tolerances listed in Table 2 for
residues of buprofezin per se are appropriate (D326792, T. Bloem,
22-Feb-2007).  

Table 2:  HED Recommended Tolerance Levels.

Commodity Definition	HED Recommended Tolerance (ppm)

fruit, stone, group 12, except apricot and peach	1.9

apricot	9.0

grape	2.5

papaya	0.90

star apple	0.90

black sapote	0.90

mango	0.90

sapodilla	0.90

canistel	0.90

mamey sapote	0.90

Residues Used in the Acute Analysis:  A 0.01 ppm milk tolerance for
residues of buprofezin is currently established (40 CFR 180.511).  The
residues of concern in milk, for purposes of risk assessment, are
buprofezin and BF23.  HED has reviewed a feeding study in which dairy
cows were dosed with buprofezin at 0.9x, 2.9x, and 9.3x the dairy cow
MTDB (D273252, T. Bloem, 20-Mar-2001).  Residues of buprofezin (0.02
ppm) and BF23 (0.01 ppm) were only determined in milk samples collected
from the 9.3x dosing group (LOQ = 0.01 ppm for both compounds).  Based
on these results, an estimate of 0.0032 ppm for the combined residues of
buprofezin and BF23 in milk at 1x the MTDB was calculated (0.03 ÷ 9.3 =
0.0032 ppm).  Since the submitted data demonstrated concentration of
residues into milk cream (5x) and fat, the default 25x concentration
factor was applied for milk fat yielding a residue of 0.081 ppm (0.0032
x 25 = 0.081 ppm).  

Tolerances for residues of buprofezin are currently established for
ruminant fat, meat byproducts, and liver at 0.05 ppm (40 CFR 180.511). 
The residues of concern in ruminant tissues, for purposes of risk
assessment, are buprofezin and BF2.  HED has reviewed a feeding study in
which dairy cows were dosed with buprofezin at 0.7x, 2.1x, and 6.8x the
beef cattle MTDB (D273252, T. Bloem, 20-Mar-2001).  Residues of
buprofezin and BF2 were determined in liver, kidney, fat, and muscle
(LOQ = 0.05 ppm for each compound).  Residues were <LOQ in kidney and
muscle from all three dosing levels.  Residues of buprofezin and BF2
were <LOQ in liver and fat collected from the 0.7x and 2.1x dosing
groups and were 0.05 ppm and <0.05 ppm, respectively, in liver and 0.12
ppm and <0.05 ppm, respectively, in fat collected from the 6.8x dosing
group.  Based on these results, an estimate of 0.015 ppm for the
combined residues of buprofezin and BF2 in meat, kidney, and liver was
calculated (0.10 ÷ 6.8 = 0.015 ppm) and an estimate of 0.025 ppm for
the combined residues of buprofezin and BF2 in fat and meat byproducts
was calculated (0.17 ÷ 6.8 = 0.025 ppm).  

 and DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing factors.  Table 3 is a
summary of the residues used in the acute analysis.  

Residues used in the Chronic Analysis:  The chronic analysis employed
the same residue estimates for milk and ruminant tissue as that employed
for the acute analysis (see acute section for rationale).  The MARC
concluded that the residues of concern in fruit and in crops with an
extended interval from initial application to harvest (>50 days) are
buprofezin and BF4 conjugates (residues of concern in grape juice are
buprofezin, BF4 conjugates, and BF12).  The residue of concern in the
remaining crops is only buprofezin.  Since there are no BF4 conjugate
residue data (field trial or processing), the MARC determined that BF4
conjugate residues may be estimated using the BF4 conjugate:buprofezin
residue ratio from the lemon metabolism study (1.8x) and the buprofezin
residues from the field trials.  Excluding apple, orange, and orange
juice, tolerance-level or average field trial residues were used for
estimation of buprofezin or total buprofezin and BF4 conjugate residues.
 For apple, orange, and orange juice, average residues for the 2004
and/or 2005 PDP data were used for estimation of total buprofezin and
BF4 conjugate residues.  The chronic analysis incorporated
screening-level percent crop treated estimates for several crops (see
attachment 1), projected percent crop treated estimates for peach,
grape, apricot, nectarine, cherry, and plum (see attachments 2 and 3),
and DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing factors.  Since PDP data were
used for apple, orange, and orange juice, the percent crop treated
estimates were maintained at 100% and the processing factors were
maintained/reduced to 1.  Table 3 is a summary of the residues used in
the chronic analysis.  

Table 3:  Residues in/on Crops Used in the Acute and Chronic Dietary
Exposure Analyses

	residue used in acute analysis (ppm)	residue used in chronic analysis
(ppm)	residue chemistry reference

	buprofezin	BF4 conjugates1	total	comments2	buprofezin	BF4 conjugates1
total	comments2

	pome fruit - apple4	4.0	7.2	11.2	tolerance	0.37	0.67	1.04	average
D293230, T. Bloem, 7-Jan-2004

D320545, T. Bloem, 19-May-2004

D326792, T. Bloem, 21-Feb-2007

pome fruit - pear4	4.0	7.2	11.2	tolerance	1.08	1.94	3.02	average

	apple6	see “pome fruit - apple” above for 

acute apple residue	0.0002	0.00036	0.00056	2005 PDP data

	stone fruit - peach4	9.0	16.2	25.2	tolerance	1.68	3.02	4.70	average

	stone fruit - cherry4	1.9	3.42	5.32	tolerance	0.80	1.44	2.24	average

	stone fruit - plum4	1.9	3.42	5.32	tolerance	0.19	0.35	0.54	average

	avocado	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	canistel	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance

	mango	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance

	papaya	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance

	mamey sapote	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance	0.90	1.62	2.52	tolerance

	acerola	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	cherimoya	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	feijoa	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	guava	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	jaboticaba	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	passionfruit	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	soursop	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	starfruit	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	sugar apple	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	snap bean	0.02	–3	0.02	tolerance	0.02	–3	0.02	tolerance	D285400, T.
Bloem, 9-Oct-2002

logan	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	lychee	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	spanish lime	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance	0.30	0.54	0.84	tolerance

	pistachio	0.05	0.09	0.14	tolerance	0.05	0.09	0.14	tolerance

	cucurbit - cantaloupe4	0.50	–3	0.50	tolerance	0.21	–3	0.21	average
D261869, T. Bloem, 24-Apr-2000

D271597, T. Bloem, 30-Jan-2001

D296493, T. Bloem, 17-Dec-2003

cucurbit - summer squash4	0.50	–3	0.50	tolerance	0.04	–3	0.04
average

	cucurbit - cucumbers4	0.50	–3	0.50	tolerance	0.06	–3	0.06	average

	head lettuce	5.0	–3	5.0	tolerance	2.04	–3	2.04	average

	leaf lettuce	13.0	–3	13.0	tolerance	6.97	–3	6.97	average

	citrus oil	80	–3	80	tolerance	80	–3	80.00	tolerance	D273252, T.
Bloem, 20-Mar-2001

D296492, T. Bloem, 17-Dec-2003

D304845, T. Bloem, 26-Jan-2005

D319815, T. Bloem, 14-Dec-2005

D326792, T. Bloem, 21-Feb-2007

citrus - orange4	2.5	4.5	7	tolerance	1.24	2.23	3.47	average

	citrus - grapefruit4	2.5	4.5	7	tolerance	0.18	0.32	0.49	average

	citrus - lemon4	2.5	4.5	7	tolerance	2.5	4.50	7.00	tolerance

	orange7	see “citrus - orange” above for acute orange and orange
juice residues	0.015	0.027	0.042	2004 & 2005 PDP data

	orange juice7

0.015	0.027	0.042

banana	0.20	0.36	0.56	tolerance	0.04	0.07	0.11	average

	cotton	0.40	–3	0.40	tolerance	0.40	–3	0.40	tolerance

	grape5	2.5	4.5	7.0	tolerance	0.29	0.52	0.81	average

	tomato	0.40	–3	0.40	tolerance	0.24	–3	0.24	average

	almond	0.05	0.09	0.14	tolerance	0.05	0.09	0.14	tolerance

	1	BF4 conjugates were estimated by multiplying the buprofezin residue
by the BF4 conjugate:buprofezin residue ratio from the lemon metabolism
study (1.8x; D273252, T. Bloem, 20-Mar-2001)

2	comments refers to the source of the buprofezin residue; average =
average buprofezin residue from the field trials; tolerance =
tolerance-level residues

3	the residue of concern in these crops is only buprofezin

4	residues in representative commodities applied to the remaining
commodities in the crop group according to HED SOP 2000.1 (12-Aug-2000)

5	BF12 is a residue of concern in grape juice because the grape to grape
juice processing factor for BF12 (0.75x) is much greater than the
processing factor for buprofezin (0.14x; residue of BF12 may be
significant in grape juice); since default processing factors are being
assumed for grape juice, inclusion of BF12 residues is unnecessary and
the RAC residue was applied to grape juice

6	for the chronic analysis, the average apple residue from the 2005 PDP
data was used (n=132; average residue of 0.0002; percent crop treated
maintained at 100%)

7	for the chronic analysis, the average orange and orange juice residue
estimates from the 2004 and 2005 PDP data was used (2004: orange juice -
n=186, orange - n=742; 2005: orange juice n=744, orange n= 741);
residues <LOD (LOD = 0.015 ppm) in/on all samples (percent crop treated
maintained at 100%)

III.  Water Data

Drinking water residues were incorporated directly into the acute and
chronic dietary analyses (“water, direct, all sources” and “water,
indirect, all sources”) and were provided by the Environmental Fate
and Effects Division (EFED; D321843, J. Wolf, 31-Jan-2007).  EFED
generated the surface water and ground water estimates using the   SEQ
CHAPTER \h \r 1 PRZM3/EXAMS and Screening Concentration in Ground Water
(SCIGROW; Tier 1) models, respectively.  Table 4 is a summary of the
modeled water concentrations.  Based on these estimates, the acute and
chronic analyses assumed water residue estimates of 23.2 ppb and 7.8
ppb, respectively.  

Table 4.  Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations for Buprofezin ( ppb)

	Acute	Chronic	Long-term average

Surface	23.21	7.81	4.7

Ground2	0.1	0.1	0.1

1	acute estimate based on application to NY grape scenario (2 x 0.50 lb
ai/acre; RTI = 14 days) and the chronic and long term estimates base on
Michigan cherry scenario (2 x 1.5 lb ai/acre; RTI = 14 days); the
default 0.87 PCA was assumed for both

2	SCI-GROW estimate assuming 2 x 2.0 lb ai/acre (almond application
scenario; RTI = 60 days); from the 8-Dec-	2003 J. 	Wolf memo

IV.	DEEM-FCID( Program and Consumption Information

Buprofezin acute and chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted
using DEEM-FCID( (Ver. 2.03), which incorporates consumption data from
USDA’s CSFII, 1994-1996 and 1998.  The 1994-96, 98 data are based on
the reported consumption of more than 20,000 individuals over two
non-consecutive survey days.  Foods “as consumed” (e.g., apple pie)
are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g. apples, peeled fruit -
cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S,
baked) using publicly available recipe translation files developed
jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA.  For chronic exposure assessment,
consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within
population subgroups, but for acute exposure assessment are retained as
individual consumption events.  Based on analysis of the 1994-96, 98
CSFII consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and
survey respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report
risk for the following population subgroups: the general U.S.
population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5,
children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50+
years old.

For chronic dietary exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue
level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the
food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average daily
consumption estimate for that food/food form to produce a residue intake
estimate.  The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form
is summed with the residue intake estimates for all other food/food
forms on the commodity residue list to arrive at the total average
estimated exposure.  Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and
as a percent of the cPAD.  This procedure is performed for each
population subgroup.

For acute exposure assessments, individual one-day food consumption data
are used on an individual-by-individual basis.  The reported consumption
amounts of each food item can be multiplied by a residue point estimate
and summed to obtain a total daily pesticide exposure for a
deterministic exposure assessment, or “matched” in multiple random
pairings with residue values and then summed in a probabilistic
assessment.  The resulting distribution of exposures is expressed as a
percentage of the aPAD on both a user (i.e., only those who reported
eating relevant commodities/food forms) and a per-capita (i.e., those
who reported eating the relevant commodities as well as those who did
not) basis.  In accordance with HED policy, per capita exposure and risk
are reported for all tiers of analysis.  However, for tiers 1 and 2, any
significant differences in user vs. per capita exposure and risk are
specifically identified and noted in the risk assessment.

IV.	Toxicological Information

The Hazard Identification Assessment Review Committee (HIARC; HED Doc.
Nos. 014093, 014221, and 051342), Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA)
Safety Factor Committee (SFC; HED Doc. No. 014138), and Cancer
Assessment Review Committee (CARC; HED Doc. No. 014045) met to discuss
endpoint selection for buprofezin.  Since these assessments, HED has
reevaluated the uncertainty factors (human health risk assessment;
D328804, T. Bloem et al., 20-Nov-2001) and toxicological data gaps
(human health risk assessment, D331919, T. Bloem et al., 20-Nov-2001). 
Table 5 summarizes the endpoints chosen for the exposure scenarios
assessed as part of the current document.  

Table 5:  Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Buprofezin
for Use in Dietary Exposure Assessment

Exposure

Scenario	Dose Used in Risk

Assessment, UF1	FQPA SF and Endpoint for Risk Assessment	Study and
Toxicological Effects

Acute Dietary 

(gen. US pop.)	No toxicological effect attributable to a single dose
identified. This risk assessment is not required.

Acute Dietary

(females 13 - 50 yrs old)	Oral NOAEL = 200  mg/kg/day

UF1 = 100

aRfD = 2.0 mg/kg/day	FQPA SF2 = 1x

aPAD = NOAEL ÷ (UF x FQPA SF) = 2.0 mg/kg/day	Developmental Toxicity
Study–Rat; LOAEL = 800 mg/kg/day based on skeletal effects & decreased
body weight in offspring

Chronic Dietary

(all populations)	Oral NOAEL = 1.0 mg/kg/day

UF1 = 30

cRfD = 0.033 mg/kg/day	FQPA SF2 = 10x

cPAD = NOAEL ÷ (UF x FQPA SF) = 0.0033 mg/kg/day	Two-year chronic
toxicity/ carcinogenicity Study in rat; LOAEL = 8.7 mg/kg/day based on
increased incidence of follicular cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy in
the thyroid of males.

Cancer	Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenicity, but not sufficient to
assess human carcinogenic potential 	Carcinogenicity study in mice. 
Liver tumors observed in female mice.  The CARC  recommended that no
quantification of cancer risk is required. 

1	UF = intraspecies (10x) and interspecies (10x) uncertainty factor;
since it has been established that rats are more susceptible to thyroid
effects than humans, the chronic interspecies UF was reduced to 3x (see
D328804, T. Bloem et al., 20-Nov-2001)

2	based on the lack of a comparative 28-day thyroid assay (young -vs-
old), a FQPA SF of 10x was applied to the chronic endpoint; the FQPA SF
was not applied to the acute endpoint since a single dose of a chemical
would not be expected to perturb thyroid  homeostasis in the adult or
the young due to the buffering of thyroid hormone concentrations by
homeostatic mechanisms for compounds with short half lives, like
buprofezin (half-life = 1 to 2 days)

V.	Results/Discussion

Acute and chronic analyses were performed using DEEM-FCID( (ver. 2.03). 
DEEM-FCID( (ver. 2.03) estimates the dietary exposure of the U.S.
population and various population subgroups.  The results reported are
for the general U.S. Population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2
years old, children 3-5 years old, children 6-12 years old, youth 13-19
years old, females 13-49 years old, adults 20-49 years old, and adults
50+ years old.  The acute food exposure estimate for females 13-49 years
old was less than HED’s level of concern (6% aPAD; see Table 6).  No
acute endpoint was identified for the remaining population subgroups. 
The chronic food exposure estimates were also less than HED’s level of
concern (≤92% cPAD; children 1-2 years old were the most highly
exposed population; see Table 7).  

Table 6:  Summary of Acute Dietary Exposure and Risk for Buprofezin

Population Subgroup	aPAD (mg/kg/day)	Acute (95th Percentile)

Exposure (mg/kg/day)	%aPAD

Females 13-49 years old	0.67	0.116936	6

Table 7:  Summary of Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk for Buprofezin

Population Subgroup	cPAD (mg/kg/day)	Chronic

Exposure (mg/kg/day)	%cPAD

General U.S. Population	0.0033	0.001347	41

All Infants (< 1 year old)

0.002259	68

Children 1-2 years old

0.003027	92

Children 3-5 years old

0.002381	72

Children 6-12 years old

0.001519	46

Youth 13-19 years old

0.001035	31

Adults 20-49 years old

0.001201	36

Adults 50+ years old

0.001206	36

Females 13-49 years old

0.001271	38

VI.	Characterization of Inputs/Outputs

The acute analysis is conservative as tolerance-level residues were
assumed for the majority of the commodities and 100% crop treated was
assumed for all the commodities.  The chronic analysis was refined
through the use of average field trial residues, projected percent crop
treated estimates, percent crop treated data, and PDP data.  HED notes
that the inclusion of BF4 conjugates as a residue of concern in fruit
and almond commodities is based on a citrus metabolism study which
resulted in the identification of BF4 conjugates in peel at 0.08x and
1.8x that of buprofezin (6% and 34%, respectively, the total radioactive
residue).  The current assessment estimated BF4 conjugate residues in
the edible portion of fruit and almond commodities using the 1.8x
residue ratio. 

VII.	Conclusions

Acute and chronic dietary risk assessments were conducted using the
DEEM-FCID( (ver. 2.03) model which incorporates consumption data from
the USDA’s CSFII (1994-1996 and 1998).  The acute analysis assumed
DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing factors and 100% crop treated for
all commodities.  Tolerance-level residues were assumed for all
commodities excluding meat and milk.  Since meat and milk (LOQ
tolerances) residues were only detected in the feeding study at 6.8-9.3x
the MTDB, residues in these commodities were normalized to 1x the MTDB. 
The acute analysis also incorporated the acute PRZM-EXAMS surface
drinking water estimate resulting from application of buprofezin to
grapes in New York (highest acute estimate; 2 x 0.50 lb ai/acre; RTI =
14 days).    SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 The resulting acute exposure estimate
for females 13-49 years old was less than HED’s level of concern (6%
aPAD).  No acute endpoint was identified for the remaining population
subgroups.  

≤92% cPAD; children 1-2 years old were the most highly exposed
population).

Attachment 1:  Percent Crop Treated

Attachment 2:  Projected Percent Crop Treated (apple and peach)

Attachment 3:  Projected Percent Crop Treated (grape, apricot,
nectarine, sweet cherry, tart cherry, and plum)

Attachment 4:  DEEM-FCID( acute residue file	

Attachment 5:  DEEM-FCID( acute exposure estimates

Attachment 6:  DEEM-FCID( chronic residue file

Attachment 7:  DEEM-FCID( chronic exposure estimates

cc with all attachments: B. Madden (RD; RM 05)

T. Bloem:S10945:PY1:(703)605-0217:7509P

Attachment 1:	Percent Crop Treated 

The following information was provided by Jihad Alsadek of BEAD.

November 28,2006

Screening Level Estimates of Agricultural Uses of BUPROFEZIN 275100

Sorted Alphabetically

Crop 					Lbs, A.I. 			Percent Crop Ttd. 

									Avg.		Max.

Almonds *				<500				N/A		N/A

Cantaloupes				1,000				5		10

Cauliflower				1,000				5		5

Cotton					9,000				<1		<2.5

Grapefruit				<500				<1		<2.5

Grapes					6,000				<1		<2.5

Honeydew				<500				<1		<2.5

Lemons				3,000				<1		<2.5

Oranges				9,000				<1		<2.5

Pears					1,000				<1		<2.5

Pumpkins				<500				<1		<2.5

Tomatoes				2,000				<1		5

watermelons				<500				<1		<2.5

All numbers rounded.

‘<500’ indicates less than 500 pounds of active ingredient.

‘<2.5’ indicates less than 2.5 percent of crop is treated.

‘<1’ indicates less than 1 percent of crop is treated.

* CA data only, but 95% or more of U.S. acres are in California

Attachment 2:  Projected Percent Crop Treated (apple and peach)

The following projected percent crop treated estimates were provided by
Jihad Alsadek in the spring of 2004.  Jihad Alsadek indicated that
actual percent crop treated data are not available for peach and that
these estimates remain appropriate (apple projected percent crop treated
estimates were not used as the chronic analysis used PDP data).

Total acres treated (TAT) are same as the base acres treated, per an
e-mail from registrant Nichino America, Inc. This is because one
application of buprofezin is applied on apples and peaches to control
target pests, scales and pear psyllas.  Dividing TAT by the apple/peach
total acres grown (440,000 acres for apples and 155,000 acres for
peaches) and multiplying by 100 gives the percent crop treated in the
fourth column of table 1 and 2.  BEAD projects a range of 1 to 5 percent
of apples, and 4 to 13 percent of peaches to be treated during the first
four to five years buprofezin is on the market.  The lower end of the
range for each crop can be used as a typical value and the upper end of
the range as the likely maximum for calculating dietary risk.  

Attached are two lotus 123 files  that show all the alternatives for
buprofezin to control scales and pear psyllas for apples and peaches. 
We compared buprofezin with pyriproxyfen, the only registered IGR. 
Buprofezin is more expensive than pyriproxyfen because it has an
excellent technical fit as an IPM product for apples. As an IGR, with an
alternative mode of action to that of pyriproxyfen, it is expected that
buprofezin will capture about 13 percent of the peach market during the
fourth year, since they both sell for $46 to $49 an acre to treat
scales. 

Table 1.  Registrant’s Market Share Estimates and BEAD Projected PCT
For Buprofezin on Apples

Sales Year	Acres (TAT)	Market Share	BEAD Projected (PCT) 	Price/A ($)

Year One	5,500	2%	1%

	Year Two	11,500	4%	3%

	Year Three	15,000	5%	3%

	Year Four	18,500	6%	4%

	Year Five	22,000	7%	5%

	Buprofezin	22,000	7%	5%	52

Pyriproxyfen	4,829	2%	1%	33

Source: Nichino America, Inc., “Buprofezin Apple Market
Justification” submission.  EPA proprietary data.

Table 2.  Registrant’s Market Share Estimates and BEAD Projected PCT
For Buprofezin on Peaches

Sales Year	Acres (TAT)	Market Share	BEAD Projected (PCT) 	Price/A ($)

Year One	6,550	5%	4%

	Year Two	9,825	8%	6%

	Year Three	14,737	11%	10%

	Year Four	19,659	15%	13%

	Buprofezin	19,659	15%	13%	46

Pyriproxyfen	1,531	1%	1%	49

Source: Nichino America, Inc., “Buprofezin Peach Market
Justification” submission.   EPA proprietary data.

Attachment 3:  Projected Percent Crop Treated (grape, apricot,
nectarine, sweet cherry, tart cherry, and plum)

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON D.C., 20460

February 7, 2007

OFFICE OF

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES AND 

TOXIC SUBSTANCES

						

MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT:	Projected Percent Crop Treated for the Insecticide Buprofezin
on Six Crops: Grapes, Apricots, Nectarines, Sweet Cherries, Tart
Cherries, and Plums.

			PC Code: 275100. DP Barcode: 334232. Decision #: 360272

FROM:	Jihad 	Alsadek, Economist

Science Information & Analysis Branch

Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)

			

			Nicole Zinn, Biologist

			Biological Analysis Branch

			Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)

THRU:		Diann Sims, Chief

			Science Information Analysis Branch

			Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)

			Arnet Jones, Chief

			Biological Analysis Branch

			Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)

TO:			Thomas Bloem, Chemist

			RAB1

			Health Effects Division (7509P)

PRP Review: January 31st. 2007

I.	SUMMARY

	This memorandum provides projected percent crop treated (PPCT) values
for buprofezin on six crops (Grapes, Apricots, Nectarines, Sweet
Cherries, Tart Cherries, and Plums).  The memo also provides BEAD’s
determination whether the registrant’s proposed reduction in the
pre-harvest interval (PHI) from 30 days to 7 days would impact PPCT for
grapes, as well as the corresponding Federal Register (FR) language. 
The methodology used to produce the estimates is outlined below, along
with the analysis of additional biological in formation that could
impact the assessments.  The market leader approach is used with all the
above mentioned crops.  We have examined all the relevant data and
conclude that it is unlikely that the actual percent crop treated (PCT)
values on the above listed crops will exceed the PPCT values provided
within the next five years. The values to be used in risk analysis are
presented in table 1.

Table 1. PPCT Values to be used in Risk Assessment

Crop	Chronic PPCT	Acute PPCT

Grapes, All	21	32

Apricots, CA	40	49

Nectarines, CA	60	72

Sweet Cherries	44	52

Tart Cherries	76	88

Plums, CA	35	43

II.	FR LANGUAGE

EPA estimates projected percent crop treated (PPCT) for a new pesticide
use by assuming that the percent crop treated (PCT) during the
pesticide’s initial five years of use on a specific use site will not
exceed the average PCT of the market leader (i.e., the one pesticide
with the greatest PCT) on that site.

Typically, EPA uses USDA/NASS as the primary source for PCT data.  When
a specific use site is not surveyed by USDA/NASS, EPA uses other sources
including proprietary data and calculates the PCT.  Comparisons are only
made among pesticides of the same pesticide types (i.e., the leading
insecticide on the use site is selected for comparison with the new
insecticide).  The chronic PPCT values included in the chronic column,
table 1, are averages derived from averaging the most recent NASS
surveys, may be for the same pesticide, or for different pesticides,
since the same or different pesticides, may dominate for each year
selected.    The acute PPCT values, table 1, are the highest value of
the available values used for the chronic PPCT values.  This PPCT, based
on the average PCT of the market leader, is appropriate for use in
chronic dietary risk assessment. The method of estimating a PPCT for a
new use of a registered pesticide or a new pesticide produces a high-end
estimate that is unlikely, in most cases, to be exceeded during the
initial five years of actual use.  

The predominant factors that bear on whether the estimated PPCT could be
exceeded are whether new pesticide use or new pesticide is more
efficacious or controls a broader spectrum of pests than the dominant
pesticide; and/or whether there are concerns that increasing pest
pressure may intensify the use of pesticides as indicated in emergency
exemption requests, or other readily available information, and/or other
factor based on analysis of additional information.

All information currently available for the predominant factors
mentioned above or relevant to the case in question have been considered
for this chemical, and it is the opinion of BEAD that it is unlikely
that actual PCT for buprofezin will exceed the PPCT projections during
the next five years.  

III.	PROJECTIONS BASED ON MARKET LEADER APPROACH

The PPCTs for grapes, apricots, nectarines, sweet cherries, tart
cherries, and plums are calculated by averaging the PCTs of the leading
insecticide(s) for the three most recent available years.  

Table 2.  Projected Buprofezin PCT Values for Dietary Risk Assessments

Crop/New Use	Market Leader/Year	Avg. PCT/Chronic	Max. PCT/Acute

Year	ML	Avg.

	Grapes, All	Imidacloprid (99,01)

Fenpropathrin (05)	99

01

05	32

24

  8	

	32

21

	Apricots (CA)	Esfenvalerate (99,01)

Lambda-Cyhallothrin (05) 	99

01

05	33

49

38	

	49

40

	Nectarines (CA)	Formetanate Hydrochloride (HCL) [99]

Esfenvalerate (01,05)	99

01

05	72

59

49	

	72

60

	Sweet Cherries	Azinphos-methyl (99,01)

Spinosad (05)	99

01

05	44

37

52	

	52

44

	Tart Cherries	Azinphos-methyl 	99

01

05	79

88

61	

	88

76

	Plums (CA)	Esfenvalerate 	99

01

05	21

41

43	

	43

35

	

References:

Agricultural Chemical Usage 1999 Fruit Summary, July 2000

Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Fruit Summary, August 2002

Agricultural Chemical Usage 2005 Fruit Summary, July 2006

V.	ADDITIONAL FACTORS

Grapes - Buprofezin is currently registered for use on grapes to control
mealy bugs and leafhoppers.   The registrant is proposing to reduce the
pre-harvest interval (PHI) from 30 days to 7 days.  BEAD found that a
section 18 for chlorpyrifos was granted in the mid-1990s in the state of
Washington to control grape mealy bug (and cutworms).  However, in
recent years there have been no section 18 exemptions for control of
mealy bug control in grapes.  The market leaders for grapes are
imidacloprid and fenpropathrin (Table 2).  Imidacloprid is registered to
control mealy bug and leafhoppers, and various other pests. 
Fenpropathrin is registered to control leafhoppers and numerous other
pests. The PHI for imidacloprid ranges between 0 and 30 days, depending
on the product.  The PHI for fenpropathrin is 21 days.  Since the market
leaders provide broader pest control, and at least some imidaclolprid
products will have a shorter PHI, BEAD does not believe that the PPCT
will be exceeded.

Stone fruit - Buprofezin is currently registered for use on peaches and
the registrant is proposing to add additional stone fruit species to the
label.  The label states the buprofezin will control scales.  Scales,
such as the San Jose scale, can be major pests of stone fruit (Crop
Profile for Nectarines in California, 2001; Crop Profile for Plums in
California, 1999).  As noted in the Table 2, petroleum distillate,
although it is widely used to control scales, was not included in the
market leader approach. BEAD believes that this is appropriate because
horticultural oils are often used in conjunction with other pesticides
and in organic production. Given the widespread use of these oils,
including it in the market leader approach would overestimate the PPCT. 
Between 1999 and 2001, Section 18s were granted for pyriproxyfen as an
insect growth regulator to control San Jose scale on peaches, plums and
nectarines in California.  Pyriproxyfen was registered on stone fruit in
2002; BEAD does not have a record of similar section 18s requested since
then.  Since both pyriproxyfen and buprofezin are insect growth
regulators and both control scales, BEAD would expect that pyriproxfen
use could be an indicator of potential buprofezin use.  However, BEAD
did not review the efficacy of these two insecticides.

 

Apricot – For California apricots, the market leaders are
esfenvalerate and lambda-cyhalothrin, both pyrethroids, neither of which
is registered for control of scales (CDMS).  For the European fruit
lecanium, or brown apricot scale, dormant oil is often used (Coates and
Van Steenwyk, 2006).  BEAD did not find any section 18s specifically for
apricots, nor was there any information found by BEAD to suggest that
the PPCT would be exceeded in the next 5 years.

Nectarine – California is the major nectarine producer in the United
States (Crop Profile for Nectarines in California, 2001).  For
California nectarines, the market leaders are formetanate HCL and
esfenvalerate.  Formetanate hydrochloride is registered to control mites
and thrips on nectarines, and is primarily used to control the Western
flower thrips (CDMS; Crop Profile for Nectarines in California, 2001). 
Esfenvalerate is registered for control of major pests such as the
oriental fruit moth (CDMS search; Crop Profile for Nectarines in
California, 2001).  These insecticides are not registered for use on
scales (CDMS).  

Section 18s:  The only section 18s found for control of scale on
nectarines was the pyriproxyfen section 18s described above.  A search
of usage data did not show pyriproxyfen use on nectarines (NASS search).
 

Based on the available information, BEAD does not expect that the PPCT
for buprofezin will be exceeded over the next five years.

Sweet cherry – Azinphos-methyl and spinosad are the market leaders for
sweet cherries.  Azinphos methyl is used to control cherry fruit flies,
plum curculio, Syneta beetle (in Oregon), and leafhoppers (Atwood and
Alsadek, 2001a).  Spinosad is registered for control of numerous pests,
including cherry fruit flies.  BEAD did not find any section 18s for
scale control on cherries, nor was BEAD able to find any information to
suggest that the PPCT would be exceeded over the next 5 years.

Tart cherry – Azinphos-methyl is the market leader for tart cherries. 
Azinphos methyl is used to control cherry fruit flies and plum
curcuclio, which are zero tolerance pests for this crop (Atwood and
Alsadek, 2001b). BEAD did not find any section 18s for scale control on
cherries, nor was BEAD able to find any information to suggest that the
PPCT would be exceeded over the next 5 years.

Plum – California is the major producer of plums in the United States
(Crop Profile for Plums in California, 1999).  For California plums, the
market leader is esfenvalerate, which is registered to control a number
of pests, including the oriental fruit moth and the peach twig borer,
both major pests of plums (CDMS search; Crop Profile for Plums in
California, 1999).  Esfenvalerate is not registered for control of
scales (CDMS search).

Section 18s:  The only section 18s found for control of scale on plums
was the pyriproxyfen section 18s described above.  In 2001 and 2003,
pyriproxyfen was used on 3 and 4 percent of California acreage,
respectively (NASS search).  Since BEAD would expect use of buprofezin
to be more comparable to pyriproxyfen than esfenvalerate, BEAD does not
expect that the PPCT will be exceeded over the next five years.

VI. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS

BEAD recommends that the average PPCT values given in table 2 be used in
the chronic dietary risk assessment for buprofezin, and the maximum
PPCTs for acute risk assessment.  BEAD has considered all available
relevant information and believes it is unlikely that the above PPCT
values will be exceeded during the next five years for grapes, apricots,
nectarines, sweet cherries, tart cherries, and plums.

 

VII. References:

Agricultural Chemical Usage, 1999 Field Crops Summary, July 2000

Agricultural Chemical Usage, 2001 Field Crops Summary, August 2002

Agricultural Chemical Usage, 2005 Field Crops Summary, July 2006

Atwood, D. and J. Alsadek, 2001a, Initial Sweet Cherry Benefits
Assessment for Azinphos-methyl and Phosmet, Office of Pesticide
Programs, US EPA.

Atwood, D. and J. Alsadek, 2001b, Tart Cherry Initial Benefits
Assessment for Azinphos-methyl and Phosmet, Office of Pesticide
Programs, US EPA.  

Coates, W.W. and R.A. Van Steenwyk, 2006, European Fruit Lecanium, UC
IPM Pest Management Guidelines:  Apricot, UC ANR Publication 3433, Web
address:   HYPERLINK "http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r5300811.html" 
http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r5300811.html 

Crop Data Management System (CDMS) label search, Web address:   
HYPERLINK "https://premier.cdms.net/webapls" 
https://premier.cdms.net/webapls 

Crop Profile for Nectarines in California, Revised 2001, Web address:   
HYPERLINK
"http://www.ipmcenters.org/CropProfiles/docs/canectarines.html" 
http://www.ipmcenters.org/CropProfiles/docs/canectarines.html 

Crop Profile for Plums in California, 1999, Web address:    HYPERLINK
"http://www.ipmcenters.org/cropprofiles/docs/caplums.html" 
http://www.ipmcenters.org/cropprofiles/docs/caplums.html 

USDA/NASS search, Various Years, Web address:    HYPERLINK
"http://www.pestmanagement.info/nass/" 
http://www.pestmanagement.info/nass/ 

cc:  	B. Madden 

Attachment 4:	DEEM-FCID( acute residue file

Filename: C:\Documents and
Settings\tbloem\buprofezin\dietary\275100a.R98

Chemical: buprofezin

RfD(Chronic): .0033 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Chronic): 1 mg/kg bw/day

RfD(Acute): 2 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Acute):  200 mg/kg bw/day

Date created/last modified: 02-06-2007/13:19:02/8          Program ver.
2.03

Comment: acute endpoint for feamles 13-50 years old only

------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------

  EPA    Crop                                   Def Res     Adj.Factors 
 Comment

  Code    Grp  Commodity Name                    (ppm)       #1    #2   

-------- ---- -------------------------------  ----------  ------ ------
 -------

95000010 O    Acerola                            0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95000200 O    Avocado                            0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95000230 O    Banana                             0.560000   1.000  1.000
 

95000231 O    Banana-babyfood                    0.560000   1.000  1.000
 

95000240 O    Banana, dried                      0.560000   3.900  1.000
 

95000241 O    Banana, dried-babyfood             0.560000   3.900  1.000
 

95000740 O    Canistel                           2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95000890 O    Cherimoya                          0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001280 O    Cottonseed, oil                    0.400000   1.000  1.000
 

95001281 O    Cottonseed, oil-babyfood           0.400000   1.000  1.000
 

95001510 O    Feijoa                             0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001750 O    Grape                              7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

95001760 O    Grape, juice                       7.000000   1.200  1.000
 

95001761 O    Grape, juice-babyfood              7.000000   1.200  1.000
 

95001770 O    Grape, leaves                      7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

95001780 O    Grape, raisin                      7.000000   4.300  1.000
 

95001790 O    Grape, wine and sherry             7.000000   1.200  1.000
 

95001830 O    Guava                              0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001831 O    Guava-babyfood                     0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001920 O    Jaboticaba                         0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002090 O    Longan                             0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002110 O    Lychee                             0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002120 O    Lychee, dried                      0.840000   1.850  1.000
 

95002150 O    Mango                              2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002151 O    Mango-babyfood                     2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002160 O    Mango, dried                       2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002170 O    Mango, juice                       2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002171 O    Mango, juice-babyfood              2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002450 O    Papaya                             2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002451 O    Papaya-babyfood                    2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002460 O    Papaya, dried                      2.520000   1.800  1.000
 

95002470 O    Papaya, juice                      2.520000   1.500  1.000
 

95002520 O    Passionfruit                       0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002521 O    Passionfruit-babyfood              0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002530 O    Passionfruit, juice                0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002531 O    Passionfruit, juice-babyfood       0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002830 O    Plantain                           0.560000   1.000  1.000
 

95002840 O    Plantain, dried                    0.560000   3.900  1.000
 

95003330 O    Sapote, Mamey                      2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95003460 O    Soursop                            0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95003510 O    Spanish lime                       0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95003580 O    Starfruit                          0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95003610 O    Sugar apple                        0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

86010000 O    Water, direct, all sources         0.023200   1.000  1.000
 

86020000 O    Water, indirect, all sources       0.023200   1.000  1.000
 

21000440 M    Beef, meat                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000441 M    Beef, meat-babyfood                0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000450 M    Beef, meat, dried                  0.015000   1.920  1.000
 

21000460 M    Beef, meat byproducts              0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000461 M    Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000470 M    Beef, fat                          0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000471 M    Beef,fat-babyfood                  0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000480 M    Beef, kidney                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000490 M    Beef, liver                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000491 M    Beef, liver-babyfood               0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

23001690 M    Goat, meat                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

23001700 M    Goat, meat byproducts              0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

23001710 M    Goat, fat                          0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

23001720 M    Goat, kidney                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

23001730 M    Goat, liver                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

24001890 M    Horse, meat                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

28002210 M    Meat, game                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002900 M    Pork, meat                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002901 M    Pork, meat-babyfood                0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002910 M    Pork, skin                         0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002920 M    Pork, meat byproducts              0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002921 M    Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002930 M    Pork, fat                          0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002931 M    Pork, fat-babyfood                 0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002940 M    Pork, kidney                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002950 M    Pork, liver                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

29003120 M    Rabbit, meat                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003390 M    Sheep, meat                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003391 M    Sheep, meat-babyfood               0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003400 M    Sheep, meat byproducts             0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

26003410 M    Sheep, fat                         0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

26003411 M    Sheep, fat-babyfood                0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

26003420 M    Sheep, kidney                      0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003430 M    Sheep, liver                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

27002220 D    Milk, fat                          0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

27002221 D    Milk, fat - baby food/infant for   0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

27012230 D    Milk, nonfat solids                0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27012231 D    Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in   0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27022240 D    Milk, water                        0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27022241 D    Milk, water-babyfood/infant form   0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27032251 D    Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/   0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

04012040 4A   Lettuce, head                      5.000000   1.000  1.000
 

04012050 4A   Lettuce, leaf                     13.000000   1.000  1.000
 

06010430 6A   Bean, snap, succulent              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

06010431 6A   Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood     0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

08003740 8    Tomatillo                          0.400000   1.000  1.000
 

08003750 8    Tomato                             0.400000   1.000  1.000
 

08003751 8    Tomato-babyfood                    0.400000   1.000  1.000
 

08003760 8    Tomato, paste                      0.400000   5.400  1.000
 

08003761 8    Tomato, paste-babyfood             0.400000   5.400  1.000
 

08003770 8    Tomato, puree                      0.400000   3.300  1.000
 

08003771 8    Tomato, puree-babyfood             0.400000   3.300  1.000
 

08003780 8    Tomato, dried                      0.400000  14.300  1.000
 

08003781 8    Tomato, dried-babyfood             0.400000  14.300  1.000
 

08003790 8    Tomato, juice                      0.400000   1.500  1.000
 

09020210 9B   Balsam pear                        0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09010750 9A   Cantaloupe                         0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09010800 9A   Casaba                             0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09020880 9B   Chayote, fruit                     0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09021020 9B   Chinese waxgourd                   0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09021350 9B   Cucumber                           0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09011870 9A   Honeydew melon                     0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09023080 9B   Pumpkin                            0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09023090 9B   Pumpkin, seed                      0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09023560 9B   Squash, summer                     0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09023561 9B   Squash, summer-babyfood            0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09023570 9B   Squash, winter                     0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09023571 9B   Squash, winter-babyfood            0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09013990 9A   Watermelon                         0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

09014000 9A   Watermelon, juice                  0.500000   1.000  1.000
 

10001060 10   Citrus citron                      7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10001070 10   Citrus hybrids                     7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10001080 10   Citrus, oil                       80.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10001800 10   Grapefruit                         7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10001810 10   Grapefruit, juice                  7.000000   2.100  1.000
 

10001970 10   Kumquat                            7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10001990 10   Lemon                              7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10002000 10   Lemon, juice                       7.000000   2.000  1.000
 

10002001 10   Lemon, juice-babyfood              7.000000   2.000  1.000
 

10002010 10   Lemon, peel                        7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10002060 10   Lime                               7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10002070 10   Lime, juice                        7.000000   2.000  1.000
 

10002071 10   Lime, juice-babyfood               7.000000   2.000  1.000
 

10002400 10   Orange                             7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10002410 10   Orange, juice                      7.000000   1.800  1.000
 

10002411 10   Orange, juice-babyfood             7.000000   1.800  1.000
 

10002420 10   Orange, peel                       7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10003070 10   Pummelo                            7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10003690 10   Tangerine                          7.000000   1.000  1.000
 

10003700 10   Tangerine, juice                   7.000000   2.300  1.000
 

11000070 11   Apple, fruit with peel            11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11000080 11   Apple, peeled fruit               11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11000081 11   Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood      11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11000090 11   Apple, dried                      11.200000   8.000  1.000
 

11000091 11   Apple, dried-babyfood             11.200000   8.000  1.000
 

11000100 11   Apple, juice                      11.200000   1.300  1.000
 

11000101 11   Apple, juice-babyfood             11.200000   1.300  1.000
 

11000110 11   Apple, sauce                      11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11000111 11   Apple, sauce-babyfood             11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11001290 11   Crabapple                         11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002100 11   Loquat                            11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002660 11   Pear                              11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002661 11   Pear-babyfood                     11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002670 11   Pear, dried                       11.200000   6.250  1.000
 

11002680 11   Pear, juice                       11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002681 11   Pear, juice-babyfood              11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11003100 11   Quince                            11.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000120 12   Apricot                           25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000121 12   Apricot-babyfood                  25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000130 12   Apricot, dried                    25.200000   6.000  1.000
 

12000140 12   Apricot, juice                    25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000141 12   Apricot, juice-babyfood           25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000900 12   Cherry                             5.320000   1.000  1.000
 

12000901 12   Cherry-babyfood                    5.320000   1.000  1.000
 

12000910 12   Cherry, juice                      5.320000   1.500  1.000
 

12000911 12   Cherry, juice-babyfood             5.320000   1.500  1.000
 

12002300 12   Nectarine                         25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002600 12   Peach                             25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002601 12   Peach-babyfood                    25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002610 12   Peach, dried                      25.200000   7.000  1.000
 

12002611 12   Peach, dried-babyfood             25.200000   7.000  1.000
 

12002620 12   Peach, juice                      25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002621 12   Peach, juice-babyfood             25.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002850 12   Plum                               5.320000   1.000  1.000
 

12002851 12   Plum-babyfood                      5.320000   1.000  1.000
 

12002860 12   Plum, prune, fresh                 5.320000   5.000  1.000
 

12002861 12   Plum, prune, fresh-babyfood        5.320000   5.000  1.000
 

12002870 12   Plum, prune, dried                 5.320000   5.000  1.000
 

12002871 12   Plum, prune, dried-babyfood        5.320000   5.000  1.000
 

12002880 12   Plum, prune, juice                 5.320000   1.400  1.000
 

12002881 12   Plum, prune, juice-babyfood        5.320000   1.400  1.000
 

14000030 14   Almond                             0.140000   1.000  1.000
 

14000031 14   Almond-babyfood                    0.140000   1.000  1.000
 

14000040 14   Almond, oil                        0.140000   1.000  1.000
 

14000041 14   Almond, oil-babyfood               0.140000   1.000  1.000
 

14002820 14   Pistachio                          0.140000   1.000  1.000
 

Attachment 5:	DEEM-FCID( acute exposure estimates

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                 
Ver. 2.02

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BUPROFEZIN                         
(1994-98 data)

Residue file: 275100a.R98                         Adjustment factor #2
NOT used.

Analysis Date: 02-13-2007/08:08:02    Residue file dated:
02-13-2007/08:07:03/8

NOEL (Acute) = 200.000000 mg/kg body-wt/day

Daily totals for food and foodform consumption used.

Run Comment: "acute endpoint for feamles 13-50 years old only"

========================================================================
=======

Summary calculations (per capita):

      95th Percentile             99th Percentile             99.9th
Percentile

 Exposure  % aRfD     MOE    Exposure  % aRfD     MOE    Exposure  %
aRfD     MOE  

---------- ------- -------- ---------- ------- -------- ----------
------- --------

Females 13+ (preg/not nursing):

  0.153318    7.67    1304    0.290906   14.55     687    0.292677  
14.63     683  

Females 13+ (nursing):

  0.123992    6.20    1613    0.201094   10.05     994    0.202498  
10.12     987  

Females 13-19 (not preg or nursing):

  0.141400    7.07    1414    0.271701   13.59     736    0.430994  
21.55     464  

Females 20+ (not preg or nursing):

  0.106452    5.32    1878    0.171654    8.58    1165    0.289964  
14.50     689  

Females 13-50 yrs:

  0.116466    5.82    1717    0.199820    9.99    1000    0.339880  
16.99     588  

Females 13-49 yrs:

  0.116936    5.85    1710    0.201211   10.06     993    0.341553  
17.08     585  

Attachment 6:	DEEM-FCID( chronic residue file

Filename: C:\Documents and
Settings\tbloem\buprofezin\dietary\275100c.R98

Chemical: buprofezin

RfD(Chronic): .0033 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Chronic): 1 mg/kg bw/day

RfD(Acute): 2 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Acute):  200 mg/kg bw/day

Date created/last modified: 02-08-2007/12:59:56/8          Program ver.
2.03

Comment: acute endpoint for feamles 13-50 years old only

------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------

  EPA    Crop                                   Def Res     Adj.Factors 
 Comment

  Code    Grp  Commodity Name                    (ppm)       #1    #2   

-------- ---- -------------------------------  ----------  ------ ------
 -------

95000010 O    Acerola                            0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95000200 O    Avocado                            0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95000230 O    Banana                             0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

95000231 O    Banana-babyfood                    0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

95000240 O    Banana, dried                      0.110000   3.900  1.000
 

95000241 O    Banana, dried-babyfood             0.110000   3.900  1.000
 

95000740 O    Canistel                           2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95000890 O    Cherimoya                          0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001280 O    Cottonseed, oil                    0.400000   1.000  0.010
 

95001281 O    Cottonseed, oil-babyfood           0.400000   1.000  0.010
 

95001510 O    Feijoa                             0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001750 O    Grape                              0.810000   1.000  0.210
 

95001760 O    Grape, juice                       0.810000   1.200  0.210
 

95001761 O    Grape, juice-babyfood              0.810000   1.200  0.210
 

95001770 O    Grape, leaves                      0.810000   1.000  0.210
 

95001780 O    Grape, raisin                      0.810000   4.300  0.210
 

95001790 O    Grape, wine and sherry             0.810000   1.200  0.210
 

95001830 O    Guava                              0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001831 O    Guava-babyfood                     0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95001920 O    Jaboticaba                         0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002090 O    Longan                             0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002110 O    Lychee                             0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002120 O    Lychee, dried                      0.840000   1.850  1.000
 

95002150 O    Mango                              2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002151 O    Mango-babyfood                     2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002160 O    Mango, dried                       2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002170 O    Mango, juice                       2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002171 O    Mango, juice-babyfood              2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002450 O    Papaya                             2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002451 O    Papaya-babyfood                    2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95002460 O    Papaya, dried                      2.520000   1.800  1.000
 

95002470 O    Papaya, juice                      2.520000   1.500  1.000
 

95002520 O    Passionfruit                       0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002521 O    Passionfruit-babyfood              0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002530 O    Passionfruit, juice                0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002531 O    Passionfruit, juice-babyfood       0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95002830 O    Plantain                           0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

95002840 O    Plantain, dried                    0.110000   3.900  1.000
 

95003330 O    Sapote, Mamey                      2.520000   1.000  1.000
 

95003460 O    Soursop                            0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95003510 O    Spanish lime                       0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95003580 O    Starfruit                          0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

95003610 O    Sugar apple                        0.840000   1.000  1.000
 

86010000 O    Water, direct, all sources         0.007800   1.000  1.000
 

86020000 O    Water, indirect, all sources       0.007800   1.000  1.000
 

21000440 M    Beef, meat                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000441 M    Beef, meat-babyfood                0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000450 M    Beef, meat, dried                  0.015000   1.920  1.000
 

21000460 M    Beef, meat byproducts              0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000461 M    Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000470 M    Beef, fat                          0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000471 M    Beef,fat-babyfood                  0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

21000480 M    Beef, kidney                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000490 M    Beef, liver                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

21000491 M    Beef, liver-babyfood               0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

23001690 M    Goat, meat                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

23001700 M    Goat, meat byproducts              0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

23001710 M    Goat, fat                          0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

23001720 M    Goat, kidney                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

23001730 M    Goat, liver                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

24001890 M    Horse, meat                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

28002210 M    Meat, game                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002900 M    Pork, meat                         0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002901 M    Pork, meat-babyfood                0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002910 M    Pork, skin                         0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002920 M    Pork, meat byproducts              0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002921 M    Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002930 M    Pork, fat                          0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002931 M    Pork, fat-babyfood                 0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

25002940 M    Pork, kidney                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

25002950 M    Pork, liver                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

29003120 M    Rabbit, meat                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003390 M    Sheep, meat                        0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003391 M    Sheep, meat-babyfood               0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003400 M    Sheep, meat byproducts             0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

26003410 M    Sheep, fat                         0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

26003411 M    Sheep, fat-babyfood                0.025000   1.000  1.000
 

26003420 M    Sheep, kidney                      0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

26003430 M    Sheep, liver                       0.015000   1.000  1.000
 

27002220 D    Milk, fat                          0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

27002221 D    Milk, fat - baby food/infant for   0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

27012230 D    Milk, nonfat solids                0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27012231 D    Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in   0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27022240 D    Milk, water                        0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27022241 D    Milk, water-babyfood/infant form   0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

27032251 D    Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/   0.003200   1.000  1.000
 

04012040 4A   Lettuce, head                      2.040000   1.000  1.000
 

04012050 4A   Lettuce, leaf                      6.970000   1.000  1.000
 

06010430 6A   Bean, snap, succulent              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

06010431 6A   Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood     0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

08003740 8    Tomatillo                          0.240000   1.000  1.000
 

08003750 8    Tomato                             0.240000   1.000  0.010
 

08003751 8    Tomato-babyfood                    0.240000   1.000  0.010
 

08003760 8    Tomato, paste                      0.240000   5.400  0.010
 

08003761 8    Tomato, paste-babyfood             0.240000   5.400  0.010
 

08003770 8    Tomato, puree                      0.240000   3.300  0.010
 

08003771 8    Tomato, puree-babyfood             0.240000   3.300  0.010
 

08003780 8    Tomato, dried                      0.240000  14.300  0.010
 

08003781 8    Tomato, dried-babyfood             0.240000  14.300  0.010
 

08003790 8    Tomato, juice                      0.240000   1.500  0.010
 

09020210 9B   Balsam pear                        0.060000   1.000  1.000
 

09010750 9A   Cantaloupe                         0.210000   1.000  0.050
 

09010800 9A   Casaba                             0.210000   1.000  1.000
 

09020880 9B   Chayote, fruit                     0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

09021020 9B   Chinese waxgourd                   0.060000   1.000  1.000
 

09021350 9B   Cucumber                           0.060000   1.000  1.000
 

09011870 9A   Honeydew melon                     0.210000   1.000  0.010
 

09023080 9B   Pumpkin                            0.040000   1.000  0.010
 

09023090 9B   Pumpkin, seed                      0.040000   1.000  0.010
 

09023560 9B   Squash, summer                     0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

09023561 9B   Squash, summer-babyfood            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

09023570 9B   Squash, winter                     0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

09023571 9B   Squash, winter-babyfood            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

09013990 9A   Watermelon                         0.210000   1.000  0.010
 

09014000 9A   Watermelon, juice                  0.210000   1.000  0.010
 

10001060 10   Citrus citron                      3.470000   1.000  0.010
 

10001070 10   Citrus hybrids                     3.470000   1.000  0.010
 

10001080 10   Citrus, oil                       80.000000   1.000  0.010
 

10001800 10   Grapefruit                         0.490000   1.000  0.010
 

10001810 10   Grapefruit, juice                  0.490000   2.100  0.010
 

10001970 10   Kumquat                            3.470000   1.000  1.000
 

10001990 10   Lemon                              7.000000   1.000  0.010
 

10002000 10   Lemon, juice                       7.000000   2.000  0.010
 

10002001 10   Lemon, juice-babyfood              7.000000   2.000  0.010
 

10002010 10   Lemon, peel                        7.000000   1.000  0.010
 

10002060 10   Lime                               7.000000   1.000  0.010
 

10002070 10   Lime, juice                        7.000000   2.000  0.010
 

10002071 10   Lime, juice-babyfood               7.000000   2.000  0.010
 

10002400 10   Orange                             0.042000   1.000  1.000
 

10002410 10   Orange, juice                      0.042000   1.000  1.000
 

10002411 10   Orange, juice-babyfood             0.042000   1.000  1.000
 

10002420 10   Orange, peel                       3.470000   1.000  0.010
 

10003070 10   Pummelo                            0.490000   1.000  1.000
 

10003690 10   Tangerine                          3.470000   1.000  1.000
 

10003700 10   Tangerine, juice                   3.470000   2.300  1.000
 

11000070 11   Apple, fruit with peel             0.000560   1.000  1.000
 

11000080 11   Apple, peeled fruit                0.000560   1.000  1.000
 

11000081 11   Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood       0.000560   1.000  1.000
 

11000090 11   Apple, dried                       0.000560   8.000  1.000
 

11000091 11   Apple, dried-babyfood              0.000560   8.000  1.000
 

11000100 11   Apple, juice                       0.000560   1.300  1.000
 

11000101 11   Apple, juice-babyfood              0.000560   1.300  1.000
 

11000110 11   Apple, sauce                       0.000560   1.000  1.000
 

11000111 11   Apple, sauce-babyfood              0.000560   1.000  1.000
 

11001290 11   Crabapple                          1.040000   1.000  1.000
 

11002100 11   Loquat                             3.020000   1.000  1.000
 

11002660 11   Pear                               3.020000   1.000  0.010
 

11002661 11   Pear-babyfood                      3.020000   1.000  0.010
 

11002670 11   Pear, dried                        3.020000   6.250  0.010
 

11002680 11   Pear, juice                        3.020000   1.000  0.010
 

11002681 11   Pear, juice-babyfood               3.020000   1.000  0.010
 

11003100 11   Quince                             3.020000   1.000  1.000
 

12000120 12   Apricot                            4.700000   1.000  0.400
 

12000121 12   Apricot-babyfood                   4.700000   1.000  0.400
 

12000130 12   Apricot, dried                     4.700000   6.000  0.400
 

12000140 12   Apricot, juice                     4.700000   1.000  0.400
 

12000141 12   Apricot, juice-babyfood            4.700000   1.000  0.400
 

12000900 12   Cherry                             2.240000   1.000  0.760
 

12000901 12   Cherry-babyfood                    2.240000   1.000  0.760
 

12000910 12   Cherry, juice                      2.240000   1.500  0.760
 

12000911 12   Cherry, juice-babyfood             2.240000   1.500  0.760
 

12002300 12   Nectarine                          4.700000   1.000  0.600
 

12002600 12   Peach                              4.700000   1.000  0.130
 

12002601 12   Peach-babyfood                     4.700000   1.000  0.130
 

12002610 12   Peach, dried                       4.700000   7.000  0.130
 

12002611 12   Peach, dried-babyfood              4.700000   7.000  0.130
 

12002620 12   Peach, juice                       4.700000   1.000  0.130
 

12002621 12   Peach, juice-babyfood              4.700000   1.000  0.130
 

12002850 12   Plum                               0.540000   1.000  0.350
 

12002851 12   Plum-babyfood                      0.540000   1.000  0.350
 

12002860 12   Plum, prune, fresh                 0.540000   5.000  0.350
 

12002861 12   Plum, prune, fresh-babyfood        0.540000   5.000  0.350
 

12002870 12   Plum, prune, dried                 0.540000   5.000  0.350
 

12002871 12   Plum, prune, dried-babyfood        0.540000   5.000  0.350
 

12002880 12   Plum, prune, juice                 0.540000   1.400  0.350
 

12002881 12   Plum, prune, juice-babyfood        0.540000   1.400  0.350
 

14000030 14   Almond                             0.140000   1.000  0.010
 

14000031 14   Almond-babyfood                    0.140000   1.000  0.010
 

14000040 14   Almond, oil                        0.140000   1.000  0.010
 

14000041 14   Almond, oil-babyfood               0.140000   1.000  0.010
 

14002820 14   Pistachio                          0.140000   1.000  1.000
 

Attachment 7:	DEEM-FCID( chronic exposure estimates

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                
Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for BUPROFEZIN                       (1994-98
data)

Residue file name: C:\Documents and
Settings\tbloem\buprofezin\dietary\275100c.R98

                                                     Adjustment factor
#2 used.

Analysis Date 02-08-2007/13:00:23     Residue file dated:
02-08-2007/12:59:56/8

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .0033 mg/kg bw/day

COMMENT 1: acute endpoint for feamles 13-50 years old only

========================================================================
=======

                    Total exposure by population subgroup

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

                                                    Total Exposure

          Population                         mg/kg             Percent
of   

           Subgroup                       body wt/day             Rfd   
   

--------------------------------------   -------------      
---------------

U.S. Population (total)                     0.001347               
40.8%

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U.S. Population (spring season)             0.001339               
40.6%

U.S. Population (summer season)             0.001477               
44.7%

U.S. Population (autumn season)             0.001237               
37.5%

U.S. Population (winter season)             0.001340               
40.6%

Northeast region                            0.001371               
41.6%

Midwest region                              0.001336               
40.5%

Southern region                             0.001156               
35.0%

Western region                              0.001640               
49.7%

Hispanics                                   0.001498               
45.4%

Non-hispanic whites                         0.001362               
41.3%

Non-hispanic blacks                         0.001037               
31.4%

Non-hisp/non-white/non-black                0.001623               
49.2%

All infants (< 1 year)                      0.002259               
68.5%

Nursing infants                             0.001173               
35.5%

Non-nursing infants                         0.002671               
80.9%

Children 1-6  yrs                           0.002516               
76.3%

Children 7-12 yrs                           0.001451               
44.0%

Females 13-19 (not preg or nursing)         0.001013               
30.7%

Females 20+ (not preg or nursing)           0.001293               
39.2%

Females 13-50 yrs                           0.001318               
40.0%

Females 13+ (preg/not nursing)              0.002176               
65.9%

Females 13+ (nursing)                       0.001341               
40.6%

Males 13-19 yrs                             0.001045               
31.7%

Males 20+ yrs                               0.001089               
33.0%

Seniors 55+                                 0.001194               
36.2%

Children 1-2 yrs                            0.003027               
91.7%

Children 3-5 yrs                            0.002381               
72.2%

Children 6-12 yrs                           0.001519               
46.0%

Youth 13-19 yrs                             0.001035               
31.4%

Adults 20-49 yrs                            0.001201               
36.4%

Adults 50+ yrs                              0.001206               
36.5%

Females 13-49 yrs                           0.001271               
38.5%

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

  Petroleum Distillate was excluded as a market leader and the next
insecticide market leader was chosen.

Buprofezin (PC code 275100)	Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment	DP #: 
335841

Page   PAGE  3  of   NUMPAGES  27 

Buprofezin (PC code 275100)	Dietary Exposure and RiskAssessment	DP #: 
335841

Page   PAGE  12  of   NUMPAGES  27 

 PAGE   8 

Page   PAGE  18  of   NUMPAGES  27