Document ID: EPA-HQ-OW-2002-0049-0160
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2003-03-19T05:00Z

Appendix
1:
Life
History
Parameter
Values
Used
to
Evaluate
I&
E
in
the
North
Atlantic
Region
The
tables
in
this
appendix
present
the
life
history
parameter
values
used
by
EPA
to
calculate
age
1
equivalents,
fishery
yields,
and
production
foregone
from
I&
E
data
for
the
North
Atlantic
Region
facilities.
Life
history
data
were
compiled
from
a
variety
of
sources,
with
a
focus
on
obtaining
data
on
local
stocks
whenever
possible.

Table
1­
1:
Alewife
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.
Applied
to
alewives,
round
herring,
and
blueback
herring.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
0.544
0
0
0.00000128c
Larvae
5.5
0
0
0.000220d
Juvenile
1
2.57
0
0
0.00478a
Age
1+
1.04
0
0
0.0443a
Age
2+
1.04
0
0
0.139a
Age
3+
1.04
0
0
0.264a
Age
4+
1.04
0
0
0.386a
Age
5+
1.04
0
0
0.489a
Age
6+
1.04
0
0
0.568a
Age
7+
1.04
0
0
0.626a
Age
8+
1.04
0
0
0.667a
Age
9+
1.04
0
0
0.696a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.035
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
2:
Alewife
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.
Applied
to
alewives,
round
herring,
and
blueback
herring.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
0.9a
0
0
0.00000128c
Larvae
5.75a
0
0
0.00661d
Juvenile
1
10.1a
0
0
0.0220d
Age
1+
0.7b
0
0
0.0303a
Age
2+
0.7b
0
0
0.125a
Age
3+
0.7b
0
0
0.348e
Age
4+
0.7b
0.1
0.45
0.443e
Age
5+
0.7b
0.1
0.9
0.496e
Age
6+
0.7b
0.1
1
0.536e
Age
7+
0.7b
0.1
1
0.598e
Age
8+
0.7b
0.1
1
0.723e
a
Based
on
alewife
in
the
Delaware
Estuary,
as
provided
in
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999b.
b
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.035
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
size
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998).
e
Scott
and
Scott,
1988.
Table
1­
3:
American
plaice
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000924f
Larvae
9.13b
0
0
0.0000173g
Age
1+
0.2c
0
0
0.00537h
Age
2+
0.2c
0.32
0.5
0.0545h
Age
3+
0.2c
0.32
1
0.121i
Age
4+
0.2c
0.32
1
0.212g
Age
5+
0.2c
0.32
1
0.322g
Age
6+
0.2c
0.32
1
0.467g
Age
7+
0.2c
0.32
1
0.652g
Age
8+
0.2c
0.32
1
0.822g
Age
9+
0.2c
0.32
1
1.02g
Age
10+
0.2c
0.32
1
1.25g
Age
11+
0.2c
0.32
1
1.51g
Age
12+
0.2c
0.32
1
1.81g
Age
13+
0.2c
0.32
1
2.15g
Age
14+
0.2c
0.32
1
2.40g
Age
15+
0.2c
0.32
1
2.67g
Age
16+
0.2c
0.32
1
2.96g
Age
17+
0.2c
0.32
1
3.27g
Age
18+
0.2c
0.32
1
3.60g
Age
19+
0.2c
0.32
1
3.96g
Age
20+
0.2c
0.32
1
4.34g
Age
21+
0.2c
0.32
1
4.74g
Age
22+
0.2c
0.32
1
5.17g
Age
23+
0.2c
0.32
1
5.63g
Age
24+
0.2c
0.32
1
5.87g
Age
25+
0.2c
0.32
1
5.94i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
NOAA,
1993.
d
O'Brien,
2000.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed
based
on
size.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
4.970x10­
7)*
Length(
mm)
3.345
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.035
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988)
and
Ken
Shultz.
com
(
2001).
i
Length
from
KenShultz.
com
(
2001).

Table
1­
4:
American
sand
lance
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.41
0
0
0.00000126c
Larvae
2.97
0
0
0.000220d
Juvenile
1
2.90
0
0
0.00119a
Age
1+
1.89
0
0
0.00384a
Age
2+
0.364
0
0
0.00730a
Age
3+
0.364
0
0
0.0113a
Age
4+
0.364
0
0
0.0153a
Age
5+
0.364
0
0
0.0191a
Age
6+
0.364
0
0
0.0225a
Table
1­
4:
American
sand
lance
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Age
7+
0.72
0
0
0.0255a
Age
8+
0.72
0
0
0.0280a
Age
9+
0.72
0
0
0.0301a
Age
10+
0.72
0
0
0.0319a
Age
11+
0.72
0
0
0.0333a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.03
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
5:
American
sand
lance
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000126f
Larvae
4.19b
0
0
0.000485g
Age
1+
1c
0
0
0.00469g
Age
2+
1c
0
0
0.0313g
Age
3+
1c
0
0
0.0636g
Age
4+
1c
0
0
0.106g
Age
5+
1c
0
0
0.144h
Age
6+
1c
0
0
0.190g
Age
7+
1c
0
0
0.231h
Age
8+
1c
0
0
0.246h
Age
9+
1c
0
0
0.262g
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
Northern
sand
lance.
d
Not
a
recreational
or
commercial
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
3.2x10­
7)*
Length(
mm)
3.491
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.03
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
6:
Atlantic
cod
species
parameters.
Applied
to
Atlantic
cod,
Atlantic
tomcod,
and
haddock.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
4.87a
0
0
0.00000567g
Larvae
6.75b
0
0
0.00000186h
Age
1+
0.4c
0
0
0.0225i
Age
2+
0.2c
0.29
0.5
0.245i
Age
3+
0.2c
0.29
1
0.628i
Age
4+
0.2c
0.29
1
1.29i
Age
5+
0.2c
0.29
1
2.45i
Age
6+
0.2c
0.29
1
3.33i
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Mayo
and
O'Brien,
2001.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
8.85x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.031
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.7
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
i
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
Table
1­
7:
Atlantic
Herring
species
parameters.
Applied
to
Atlantic
herring,
American
shad,
and
hickory
shad.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
b
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
d
Eggs
3.36a
0
0
0.00000608e
Larvae
6.53a
0
0
0.000222f
Age
1+
0.2b
0.28
0.5
0.0243g
Age
2+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.158h
Age
3+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.291h
Age
4+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.420h
Age
5+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.467h
Age
6+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.535h
Age
7+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.607h
Age
8+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.668h
Age
9+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.734h
Age
10+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.716h
Age
11+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.812h
Age
12+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.907h
Age
13+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.915i
Age
14+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.924i
Age
15+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.932i
Age
16+
0.2b
0.28
1
0.941i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
NOAA,
2001.
c
Commercial
species
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
d
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
1.22x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.328
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
e
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.74
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
f
Length
from
Reid
et
al.
(
1999).
g
Length
from
ASMFC
(
2001).
h
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
i
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
8:
Atlantic
mackerel
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
c
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.39a
0
0
0.00000176f
Larvae
10.6a
0
0
0.0000008g
Age
1+
0.52b
0
0
0.309h
Age
2+
0.37b
0.25
0.5
0.510h
Age
3+
0.37b
0.25
1
0.639h
Age
4+
0.37b
0.25
1
0.752h
Age
5+
0.37b
0.25
1
0.825h
Age
6+
0.37b
0.25
1
0.918h
Age
7+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.02h
Age
8+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.10h
Age
9+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.13i
Age
10+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.15h
Age
11+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.22h
Age
12+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.22h
Age
13+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.22h
Age
14+
0.37b
0.25
1
1.22h
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Overholtz
et
al.,
1991.
c
NOAA,
2001.
d
Recreational
and
commercial
species.
Vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
2.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
3.039x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.18
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
Atlantic
cod.
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.15
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
h
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
i
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
Table
1­
9:
Atlantic
menhaden
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.2
0
0
0.00000482c
Larvae
4.47
0
0
0.00022d
Juvenile
1
6.19
0
0
0.000684a
Age
1+
0.54
0
0
0.0251a
Age
2+
0.45
1.12
0.5
0.235a
Age
3+
0.45
1.12
1
0.402a
Age
4+
0.45
1.12
1
0.586a
Age
5+
0.45
1.12
1
0.863a
Age
6+
0.45
1.12
1
1.08a
Age
7+
0.45
1.12
1
1.27a
Age
8+
0.45
1.12
1
1.43a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Commercial
species.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.61
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
10:
Atlantic
menhaden
Parameters
for
the
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
c
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.08a
0
0
0.00000482f
Larvae
8.56a
0
0
0.00000068f
Age
1+
0.45b
0
0
0.545d
Age
2+
0.45b
0.8
0.5
0.855d
Age
3+
0.45b
0.8
1
1.08d
Age
4+
0.45b
0.8
1
1.31d
Age
5+
0.45b
0.8
1
1.47d
Age
6+
0.45b
0.8
1
1.59d
Age
7+
0.45b
0.8
1
3.36g
Age
8+
0.45b
0.8
1
5.21h
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
NOAA,
2001.
c
Ruppert
et
al.,
1985.
d
Durbin
et
al.,
1983.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
6.02x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.216
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.61
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Durbin
et
al.
(
1983)
and
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
i
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
11:
Atlantic
silverside
species
parameters
for
Brayton
Point
Power
Plant.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.41
0
0
0.00000473c
Larvae
5.81
0
0
0.00022d
Juvenile
1
2.63
0
0
0.0049a
Age
1+
3.00
0
0
0.0205a
Age
2+
6.91
0
0
0.0349a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.6
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).
Table
1­
12:
Atlantic
silverside
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000473g
Larvae
6.12b
0
0
0.000108h
Age
1+
2.1c
0.19
0.5
0.0101i
Age
2+
2.1c
0.19
1
0.0186i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
NOAA,
2001.
Atlantic
herring.
e
Commercial
species.
Vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
5.691x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.023
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.6
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
i
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
13:
Bay
anchovy
species
parameters
for
Brayton
Point
Power
Plant.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.1
0
0
0.000000517c
Larvae
7.19
0
0
0.000220d
Juvenile
1
2.09
0
0
0.00104a
Age
1+
2.3
0
0
0.00370a
Age
2+
2.3
0
0
0.00765a
Age
3+
2.3
0
0
0.0126a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.765
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003,
deep
body
anchovy)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
14:
Bay
anchovy
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
Power
Plant.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.04
0
0
0.000000517b
Yolksac
larvae
1.57
0
0
0.000551c
Post­
yolksac
larvae
1
2.11
0
0
0.00108c
Post­
yolksac
larvae
2
4.02
0
0
0.00161c
Juvenile
1
0.0822
0
0
0.00214c
Juvenile
2
0.0861
0
0
0.00267c
Juvenile
3
0.129
0
0
0.00320c
Juvenile
4
0.994
0
0
0.00373c
Age
1+
1.62
0
0
0.00381a
Age
2+
1.62
0
0
0.00496a
Age
3+
1.62
0
0
0.00505a
a
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.
b
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.765
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
c
Assumed
based
on
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.
Table
1­
15:
Blueback
herring
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
0.558
0
0
0.00000115b
Yolksac
larvae
1.83
0
0
0.00321c
Post­
yolksac
larvae
1
1.74
0
0
0.0064c
Juvenile
1
3.13
0
0
0.00959c
Juvenile
2
3.13
0
0
0.0128c
Age
1+
0.3
0
0
0.016a
Age
2+
0.3
0
0
0.0905a
Age
3+
0.3
0
0
0.204a
Age
4+
0.9
0.1
0.45
0.318a
Age
5+
1.5
0.1
0.9
0.414a
Age
6+
1.5
0.1
1
0.488a
Age
7+
1.5
0.1
1
0.540a
Age
8+
1.5
0.1
1
0.576a
a
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.
b
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
c
Assumed
based
on
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.

Table
1­
16:
Bluefish
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000115g
Larvae
5.27b
0
0
0.00000333h
Juvenile
1
5.27b
0
0
0.000116h
Age
1+
0.35c
0.4
0.5
0.540i
Age
2+
0.35c
0.4
1
0.785i
Age
3+
0.35c
0.4
1
1.91i
Age
4+
0.35c
0.4
1
2.45j
Age
5+
0.35c
0.4
1
3.06j
Age
6+
0.35c
0.4
1
3.78j
Age
7+
0.35c
0.4
1
4.58j
Age
8+
0.35c
0.4
1
5.49j
Age
9+
0.35c
0.4
1
6.50j
Age
10+
0.35c
0.4
1
7.64j
Age
11+
0.35c
0.4
1
8.87j
Age
12+
0.35c
0.4
1
10.3i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
NOAA,
1993.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
1.749x10­
5)*
Length(
mm)
2.77
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Wang,
1979)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
from
Wang
and
Kernehan
(
1979).
i
Length
from
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).
j
Length
assumed
based
on
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).
Table
1­
17:
Butterfish
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityd
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.000000396g
Larvae
7.56b
0
0
0.00000151h
Age
1+
0.8c
1.6
0.5
0.0272i
Age
2+
0.8c
1.6
1
0.0986i
Age
3+
0.8c
1.6
1
0.944i
a
Calculated
from
survival
for
Atlantic
silverside
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
using
the
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
NOAA,
2001b.
d
NOAA,
2001b.
F
0.1
for
Gulf
of
Maine
­
Middle
Atlantic.
e
Commercial
species.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
4.0x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.26
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.7
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
i
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
Eastern
United
States.

Table
1­
18:
Butterfish
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.000000396g
Larvae
8.13b
0
0
0.00000151h
Age
1+
0.4c
0.76
0.5
0.0272i
Age
2+
0.4c
0.76
1
0.0986i
Age
3+
0.4c
0.76
1
0.944i
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
NOAA,
1993.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
3.6x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.26
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.7
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
i
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
19:
Cunner
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
c
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
d
Eggs
3.49a
0
0
0.000000787e
Larvae
5.8a
0
0
0.00000236f
Age
1+
0.831b
0
0
0.00311g
Age
2+
0.831b
0.1
0.5
0.0246g
Age
3+
0.286b
0.1
1
0.0749g
Age
4+
0.342b
0.1
1
0.145g
Age
5+
0.645b
0.1
1
0.229g
Age
6+
1.26b
0.1
1
0.624h
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000.
c
Commercial
and
recreational
species,
of
minimal
catch
(
Entergy
Nuclear
Generation
Company,
2000).
Fishing
mortality
and
fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
d
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
6.0x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.22
=
weight(
g)
(
Serchuk
and
Cole,
1974).
e
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.88
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
f
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
g
Length
from
Serchuk
and
Cole
(
1974).
h
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
20:
Fourbeard
rockling
species
parameters.
Applied
to
fourbeard
rockling
and
cunner.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
Fishing
Mortality
Fraction
Vulnerable
Weight
(
per
stage)
(
per
stage)
d
to
Fisheryd
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.000000637f
Larvae
5.17b
0
0
0.000000896g
Age
1+
0.49c
0
0
0.00403g
Age
2+
0.49c
0
0
0.0347g
Age
3+
0.49c
0
0
0.0848g
Age
4+
0.49c
0
0
0.149g
Age
5+
0.49c
0
0
0.241g
Age
6+
0.49c
0
0
0.331g
Age
7+
0.49c
0
0
0.482g
Age
8+
0.49c
0
0
0.623g
Age
9+
0.49c
0
0
0.788h
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
12.74x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.106
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.82
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
assumed
based
on
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
h
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).

Table
1­
21:
Grubby
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.0000115f
Larvae
4.7b
0
0
0.000359g
Age
1+
0.46c
0
0
0.00404g
Age
2+
0.46c
0
0
0.139g
Age
3+
0.46c
0
0
0.332g
Age
4+
0.46c
0
0
0.420g
Age
5+
0.46c
0
0
0.475g
Age
6+
0.46c
0
0
0.541g
Age
7+
0.46c
0
0
0.576g
Age
8+
0.46c
0
0
0.612g
Age
9+
0.46c
0
0
0.637h
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
Longhorn
sculpin.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula
for
longhorn
sculpin:
(
1.034x10­
5)
*
Length(
mm)
3.003
=
weight(
g)
(
Clayton
et
al.,
1978).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
2.15
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003,
shorthorn
sculpin)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
assumed
based
on
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).
h
Length
for
longhorn
sculpin
from
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).

Table
1­
22:
Hogchoker
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.04
0
0
0.000000487c
Larvae
5.2
0
0
0.00110d
Juvenile
1
2.31
0
0
0.00207a
Age
1+
2.56
0
0
0.0113a
Table
1­
22:
Hogchoker
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Age
2+
0.705
0
0
0.0313a
Age
3+
0.705
0
0
0.061a
Age
4+
0.705
0
0
0.0976a
Age
5+
0.705
0
0
0.138a
Age
6+
0.705
0
0
0.178a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.75
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
23:
Hogchocker
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
Power
Plant.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.24a
0
0
0.000000487f
Larvae
6.73b
0
0
0.00123g
Age
1+
0.25c
0
0
0.00778g
Age
2+
0.25c
0
0
0.0295g
Age
3+
0.25c
0
0
0.0877h
Age
4+
0.25c
0
0
0.190h
Age
5+
0.25c
0
0
0.424h
Age
6+
0.25c
0
0
0.561i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
New
England
Power
Company
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1995)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
New
England
Power
Company
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1995.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
1.947x10­
4)*
Length(
mm)
2.658
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.75
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998)
and
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
i
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).

Table
1­
24:
Little
skate
species
parameters
for
Millstone
Power
Plant.
Applied
to
little
skate,
clearnose
skate,
and
for
losses
reported
as
"
skates".

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
3.0a
0
0
0.0539g
Larvae
.307b
0
0
0.0138
Age
1+
0.4c
0.4
0.5
0.157
Age
2+
0.4c
0.4
1
0.394
Age
3+
0.4c
0.4
1
0.750
Age
4+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.15
Age
5+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.51
Age
6+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.62
Age
7+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.65
Age
8+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.72
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
NOAA,
1993.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Commercial
species
assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
8.32x10­
6)
*
Length(
mm)
2.972
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
Table
1­
25:
Little
skate
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
2.94a
0
0
0.0539f
Larvae
0.252b
0
0
0.0138g
Age
1+
0.4c
0.4
0.5
0.157g
Age
2+
0.4c
0.4
1
0.394g
Age
3+
0.4c
0.4
1
0.750g
Age
4+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.15g
Age
5+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.51g
Age
6+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.62g
Age
7+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.65g
Age
8+
0.4c
0.4
1
1.72g
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
NOAA,
1993.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Commercial
species
assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
36
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Weight
calculated
from
length
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
8.32x10­
6)
*
Length(
mm)
2.972
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).

Table
1­
26:
Lumpfish
species
parameters.
Applied
to
lumpfish,
lumpsucker,
gulf
snailfish,
and
Atlantic
seasnail.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000317f
Larvae
9.39b
0
0
0.000993g
Age
1+
0.19c
0
0
0.0147h
Age
2+
0.19c
0
0
0.0584i
Age
3+
0.19c
0
0
0.149h
Age
4+
0.19c
0
0
0.686i
Age
5+
0.19c
0
0
1.86h
a
Calculated
from
survival
for
Atlantic
silverside
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
6.755x10­
5)*
Length(
mm)
2.939
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.4
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
for
rock
gunnel
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).

Table
1­
27:
Northern
pipefish
species
parameters.
Applied
to
northern
pipefish,
lined
seahorse,
and
losses
reported
as
"
seahorse".

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.000000842f
Larvae
3.31b
0
0
0.00168g
Age
1+
0.75c
0
0
0.00871h
Age
2+
0.75c
0
0
0.0124h
Age
3+
0.75c
0
0
0.0168h
Age
4+
0.75c
0
0
0.0222h
Table
1­
27:
Northern
pipefish
species
parameters.
Applied
to
northern
pipefish,
lined
seahorse,
and
losses
reported
as
"
seahorse"
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Age
5+
0.75c
0
0
0.0285g
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
Broad­
nosed
pipefish.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula
for
sargassum
pipefish:
(
9.407x10­
6)
*
Length(
mm)
2.66
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.9
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
28:
Pollock
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
b
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
d
Eggs
0.922
0
0
0.00000154e
Larvae
4.07
0
0
0.00000104g
Juvenile
6.93
0
0
0.00166f
Age
1+
0.2
0
0
0.657g
Age
2+
0.2
0.2
0.5
1.30g
Age
3+
0.2
0.2
1
1.73g
Age
4+
0.2
0.2
1
3.24g
Age
5+
0.2
0.2
1
4.93g
Age
6+
0.2
0.2
1
5.70g
Age
7+
0.2
0.2
1
6.83g
Age
8+
0.2
0.2
1
8.46g
Age
9+
0.2
0.2
1
9.93g
Age
10+
0.2
0.2
1
12.0g
Age
11+
0.2
0.2
1
14.8g
Age
12+
0.2
0.2
1
16.4g
Age
13+
0.2
0.2
1
18.1g
Age
14+
0.2
0.2
1
19.9g
Age
15+
0.2
0.2
1
21.2g
a
Saila
et
al.,
1997.
b
NOAA,
2001.
c
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
2.
d
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
6.894x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.048
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
e
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.1
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
f
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
g
Length
from
Saila
et
al.
(
1997).

Table
1­
29:
Radiated
shanny
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.0000191f
Larvae
3.11b
0
0
0.00000948g
Age
1+
0.44c
0
0
0.000622g
Age
2+
0.44c
0
0
0.00415g
Age
3+
0.44c
0
0
0.00846g
Age
4+
0.44c
0
0
0.0151g
Age
5+
0.44c
0
0
0.0194g
Table
1­
29:
Radiated
shanny
species
parameters
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Age
6+
0.44c
0
0
0.0244g
Age
7+
0.44c
0
0
0.0303g
Age
8+
0.44c
0
0
0.0336h
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
4.125x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.018
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
2.55
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
assumed
based
on
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
h
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).

Table
1­
30:
Rainbow
smelt
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
4.44
0
0
0.000000990d
Larvae
3.12
0
0
0.00110e
Juvenile
1
1.39
0
0
0.00395a
Age
1+
1
0.04
0.5
0.0182a
Age
2+
1
0.04
1
0.046a
Age
3+
1
0.04
1
0.085a
Age
4+
1
0.04
1
0.131a
Age
5+
1
0.04
1
0.180a
Age
6+
1
0.04
1
0.228a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977.
c
Commercial
species.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
d
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.95
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
e
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
31:
Rainbow
Smelt
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
c
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
3.32a
0
0
0.000000990f
Larvae
2.66a
0
0
0.00273g
Age
1+
0.72b
0.04
0.5
0.0359h
Age
2+
0.72b
0.04
1
0.134h
Age
3+
0.72b
0.04
1
0.289h
Age
4+
0.72b
0.04
1
0.585h
Age
5+
0.72b
0.04
1
0.942h
Age
6+
0.72b
0.04
1
1.27i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
c
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977.
d
Assumed
based
on
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
3.903x10­
5)*
Length(
mm)
2.81
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.95
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998)
and
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
i
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
Table
1­
32:
Red
hake
species
parameters.
Applied
to
red
hake,
spotted
hake,
and
white
hake.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
b
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
d
Eggs
1.22
0
0
0.000000487e
Larvae
2mm
0.67
0
0
0.0000000535f
Larvae
2.5mm
0.67
0
0
0.000000109f
Larvae
3.0mm
0.67
0
0
0.000000194f
Larvae
3.5mm
0.67
0
0
0.000000316f
Larvae
4.0mm
0.67
0
0
0.000000482f
Larvae4.5mm
3.35
0
0
0.000000701f
Juvenile
4.83
0
0
0.00145f
Age
1+
0.4
0.39
0.5
0.124f
Age
2+
0.4
0.39
1
0.465g
Age
3+
0.4
0.39
1
0.578g
Age
4+
0.4
0.39
1
0.723g
Age
5+
0.4
0.39
1
0.928g
Age
6+
0.4
0.39
1
1.17h
Age
7+
0.4
0.39
1
1.45h
Age
8+
0.4
0.39
1
1.78h
Age
9+
0.4
0.39
1
2.15h
Age
10+
0.4
0.39
1
2.30g
a
Saila
et
al.,
1997.
b
NOAA,
2001.
c
Commercial
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
d
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula
for
white
hake:
(
2.692x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.172
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
e
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.75
(
Able
&
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
f
Length
from
Saila
et
al.
(
1997).
g
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
33:
Rock
gunnel
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000924f
Larvae
2.57b
0
0
0.00000948g
Age
1+
0.44c
0
0
0.00382h
Age
2+
0.44c
0
0
0.0128h
Age
3+
0.44c
0
0
0.0223h
Age
4+
0.44c
0
0
0.0371h
Age
5+
0.44c
0
0
0.0490h
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
Radiated
shanny.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishery
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
4.125x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.018
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
2.0
(
Scott
and
Scott,
1988)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
h
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
Table
1­
34:
Sculpin
species
parameters.
Applied
to
moustache
sculpin,
longhorn
sculpin,
shorthorn
sculpin,
and
sea
raven.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.0000115f
Larvae
4.7b
0
0
0.000359g
Age
1+
0.46c
0
0
0.00404h
Age
2+
0.46c
0
0
0.139h
Age
3+
0.46c
0
0
0.332h
Age
4+
0.46c
0
0
0.420h
Age
5+
0.46c
0
0
0.475h
Age
6+
0.46c
0
0
0.541h
Age
7+
0.46c
0
0
0.576h
Age
8+
0.46c
0
0
0.612h
Age
9+
0.46c
0
0
0.637h
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
Longhorn
sculpin.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula
for
longhorn
sculpin:
(
1.034x10­
5)
*
Length(
mm)
3.003
=
weight(
g)
(
Clayton
et
al.,
1978).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
2.15
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003,
shorthorn
sculpin)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
assumed
based
on
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).
h
Length
from
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).
Longhorn
sculpin.

Table
1­
35:
Scup
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.43
0
0
0.000000773c
Larvae
4.55
0
0
0.00110c
Juvenile
1
3.36
0
0
0.028a
Age
1+
0.383
0
0
0.132a
Age
2+
0.383
0
0
0.322a
Age
3+
0.383
0.14
0.5
0.572a
Age
4+
0.383
0.14
1
0.845a
Age
5+
0.383
0.14
1
1.12a
Age
6+
0.383
0.14
1
1.37a
Age
7+
0.383
0.14
1
1.59a
Age
8+
0.383
0.14
1
1.78a
Age
9+
0.383
0.14
1
1.94a
Age
10+
0.383
0.14
1
2.07a
Age
11+
0.383
0.14
1
2.23a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
NOAA,
2001b.
F
0.1
for
Southern
New
England
­
Middle
Atlantic.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.875
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).
Table
1­
36:
Scup
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.000000773g
Larvae
5.47b
0
0
0.00107h
Age
1+
0.29c
0.14
0.5
0.073h
Age
2+
0.29c
0.14
1
0.244h
Age
3+
0.29c
0.14
1
0.495i
Age
4+
0.29c
0.14
1
0.806i
Age
5+
0.29c
0.14
1
1.10i
Age
6+
0.29c
0.14
1
1.46i
Age
7+
0.29c
0.14
1
1.88i
Age
8+
0.29c
0.14
1
2.37i
Age
9+
0.29c
0.14
1
2.94i
Age
10+
0.29c
0.14
1
3.58i
Age
11+
0.29c
0.14
1
4.30i
Age
12+
0.29c
0.14
1
4.83i
Age
13+
0.29c
0.14
1
4.97h
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula
for
sheepshead
porgy:
(
1.649x10­
4)*
Length(
mm)
2.666
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.875
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
from
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).
i
Length
assumed
based
on
Clayton
et
al.
(
1978).

Table
1­
37:
Seaboard
goby
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
0.288
0
0
0.0000164b
Larvae
4.09
0
0
0.000220c
Juvenile
1
2.3
0
0
0.000485a
Age
1+
2.55
0
0
0.00205a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
2.42
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
c
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
38:
Searobin
species
parameters.
Applied
to
searobin,
northern
searobin,
and
striped
searobin.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000132g
Larvae
4.57b
0
0
0.0000229h
Age
1+
0.42c
0.1
0.5
0.0231h
Age
2+
0.42c
0.1
1
0.185h
Age
3+
0.42c
0.1
1
0.361h
Age
4+
0.42c
0.1
1
0.564h
Age
5+
0.42c
0.1
1
0.758h
Age
6+
0.42c
0.1
1
0.992h
Age
7+
0.42c
0.1
1
1.17h
Table
1­
38:
Searobin
species
parameters.
Applied
to
searobin,
northern
searobin,
and
striped
searobin
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Age
8+
0.42c
0.1
1
1.27i
a
Calculated
from
assumed
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
Northern
searobin.
d
Assumed
based
on
hake
(
Saila
et
al.,
1997).
e
Recreational
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula
for
longhorn
sculpin:
(
1.034x10­
5)
*
Length(
mm)
3.003
=
weight(
g)
(
Clayton
et
al.,
1978).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.045
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).
i
Length
from
Froese
and
Pauly
(
2001).

Table
1­
39:
Silver
hake
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityd
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
1.22a
0
0
0.000000842g
Larvae
10.5b
0
0
0.00203h
Age
1+
0.36c
0
0
0.164i
Age
2+
0.36c
0
0
0.478i
Age
3+
0.36c
0.39
0.5
0.804i
Age
4+
0.36c
0.39
1
1.48h
Age
5+
0.36c
0.39
1
2.15h
Age
6+
0.36c
0.39
1
3.00h
Age
7+
0.36c
0.39
1
4.06h
Age
8+
0.36c
0.39
1
5.35h
Age
9+
0.36c
0.39
1
6.89h
Age
10+
0.36c
0.39
1
8.72h
Age
11+
0.36c
0.39
1
10.4h
Age
12+
0.36c
0.39
1
11.3i
a
Saila
et
al.,
1997.
Red
hake.
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
NOAA,
2001b.
F
0.1
for
southern
stock.
e
Commercial
species.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
3.79x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.17
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.9
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
i
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
40:
Striped
bass
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
b
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.39
0
0
0.0000415c
Yolksac
larvae
2.22
0
0
0.0154d
Post­
yolksac
larvae
5.08
0
0
0.194d
Juvenile
1
2.28
0
0
0.291d
Juvenile
2
1.0
0
0
0.388d
Age
1+
1.1
0
0
0.485e
Age
2+
0.15
0.31
0.06
2.06e
Age
3+
0.15
0.31
0.2
3.31e
Age
4+
0.15
0.31
0.63
4.93e
Age
5+
0.15
0.31
0.94
6.50e
Age
6+
0.15
0.31
1
8.58e
Age
7+
0.15
0.31
0.9
12.3e
Table
1­
40:
Striped
bass
species
parameters
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
b
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Age
8+
0.15
0.31
0.9
14.3e
Age
9+
0.15
0.31
0.9
16.1e
Age
10+
0.15
0.31
0.9
18.8e
Age
11+
0.15
0.31
0.9
19.6e
Age
12+
0.15
0.31
0.9
22.4e
Age
13+
0.15
0.31
0.9
27.0e
Age
14+
0.15
0.31
0.9
34.6e
Age
15+
0.15
0.31
0.9
41.5e
a
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.
b
NOAA,
2001.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
3.3
(
Wang,
1986)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Length
assumed
based
on
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company
(
1999a).
e
Length
from
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company
(
1999a).

Table
1­
41:
Striped
killifish
species
parameters.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.0000180f
Larvae
2.14b,
c
0
0
0.0000182g
Age
1+
0.777c
0
0
0.0121h
Age
2+
0.777c
0
0
0.0327h
Age
3+
0.777c
0
0
0.0551h
Age
4+
0.777c
0
0
0.0778h
Age
5+
0.777c
0
0
0.0967h
Age
6+
0.777c
0
0
0.113h
Age
7+
0.777c
0
0
0.158h
a
Calculated
from
survival
for
Atlantic
silverside
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
using
the
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Value
used
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Pont
Power
Plants
only.
Larval
natural
mortality
value
used
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants
was
3.0
based
on
data
from
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
c
Calculated
from
survival
for
mummichog
(
Meredith
and
Lotrich,
1979)
using
the
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
2.6x10­
5)*
Length(
mm)
2.96
=
weight(
g)
(
Carlander,
1969).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
2.5
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
h
Length
from
Carlander
(
1969).

Table
1­
42:
Tautog
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.4
0
0
0.00000123d
Larvae
5.86
0
0
0.0220e
Juvenile
1
5.02
0
0
0.0637a
Age
1+
0.175
0
0
0.217a
Age
2+
0.175
0
0
0.440a
Age
3+
0.175
0
0
0.734a
Age
4+
0.175
0
0
1.08a
Age
5+
0.175
0
0
1.48a
Age
6+
0.175
0
0
1.89a
Age
7+
0.175
0
0
2.32a
Age
8+
0.175
0
0
2.76a
Age
9+
0.175
0.15
0.5
3.18a
Age
10+
0.175
0.15
1
3.60a
Age
11+
0.175
0.15
1
4.00a
Table
1­
42:
Tautog
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)

Age
12+
0.175
0.15
1
4.38a
Age
13+
0.175
0.15
1
4.73a
Age
14+
0.175
0.15
1
5.07a
Age
15+
0.175
0.15
1
5.38a
Age
16+
0.175
0.15
1
5.67a
Age
17+
0.175
0.15
1
5.94a
Age
18+
0.175
0.15
1
6.19a
Age
19+
0.175
0.15
1
6.42a
Age
20+
0.175
0.15
1
6.63a
Age
21+
0.175
0.15
1
6.82a
Age
22+
0.175
0.15
1
6.99a
Age
23+
0.175
0.15
1
7.15a
Age
24+
0.175
0.15
1
10.0a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
ASMFC,
2000a.
F
target.
c
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
d
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.02
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
e
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
43:
Tautog
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
c
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.53a
0
0
0.00000123f
Larvae
9.75a
0
0
0.00000185g
Age
1+
0.06b
0.29
0.5
0.0104h
Age
2+
0.06b
0.29
1
0.183i
Age
3+
0.06b
0.29
1
1.40i
Age
4+
0.06b
0.29
1
3.27i
Age
5+
0.06b
0.29
1
4.62i
Age
6+
0.06b
0.29
1
6.30h
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
New
England
Power
Company
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1995)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
New
England
Power
Company
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1995.
c
ASMFC,
2000.
d
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Assumed
to
be
vulnerable
to
fishing
mortality
at
age
1.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
3.318x10­
5)*
Length(
mm)
2.94
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.02
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Able
and
Fahay
(
1998).
h
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).
i
Length
assumed
based
on
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
44:
Threespine
stickleback
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.
Applied
to
threespine
stickleback,
ninespine
stickleback,
fourspine
stickleback,
and
blackspotted
stickleback.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
0.288
0
0
0.00000567c
Larvae
2.12
0
0
0.00110d
Juvenile
1
1.70
0
0
0.00377a
Age
1+
1.42
0
0
0.00917a
Age
2+
1.42
0
0
0.0112a
Age
3+
1.42
0
0
0.0116a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.7
(
Wang,
1986)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).
Table
1­
45:
Threespine
stickleback
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryd
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
2.3a
0
0
0.00000567f
Larvae
3.53b
0
0
0.00000127g
Age
1+
0.9c
0
0
0.0000640h
Age
2+
0.9c
0
0
0.000244h
Age
3+
0.9c
0
0
0.000422h
Age
4+
0.9c
0
0
0.00203h
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
Stone
&
Webster
Engineering
Corporation,
1977)
(
Atlantic
silverside)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
Not
a
commercial
or
recreational
species,
thus
no
fishing
mortality.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula
for
sea
stickleback:
(
2.10x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.00
=
weight(
g)
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.7
(
Wang,
1986)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Wang
(
1986).
h
Length
from
Scott
and
Scott
(
1988).

Table
1­
46:
Weakfish
species
parameters.
Applied
to
weakfish,
spot,
and
northern
kingfish.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.04
0
0
0.00000115c
Larvae
7.67
0
0
0.0650d
Juvenile
1
2.44
0
0
0.130d
Juvenile
2
1.48
0
0
0.195a
Age
1+
0.349
0.5
0.1
0.26a
Age
2+
0.25
0.5
0.5
0.68a
Age
3+
0.25
0.5
1
1.12a
Age
4+
0.25
0.5
1
1.79a
Age
5+
0.25
0.5
1
2.91a
Age
6+
0.25
0.5
1
6.21a
Age
7+
0.25
0.5
1
7.14a
Age
8+
0.25
0.5
1
9.16a
Age
9+
0.25
0.5
1
10.8a
Age
10+
0.25
0.5
1
12.5a
Age
11+
0.25
0.5
1
12.5a
Age
12+
0.25
0.5
1
12.5a
Age
13+
0.25
0.5
1
12.5a
Age
14+
0.25
0.5
1
12.5a
Age
15+
0.25
0.5
1
12.5a
a
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999.
b
ASMFC,
2000d.
Management
goal.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company
(
1999).
Table
1­
47:
White
perch
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryb
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.42
0
0
0.000000842c
Larvae
4.59
0
0
0.00110d
Age
1+
0.693
0
0
0.0516a
Age
2+
0.693
0
0
0.156a
Age
3+
0.543
0.15
0.5
0.248a
Age
4+
0.543
0.15
1
0.331a
Age
5+
1.46
0.15
1
0.423a
Age
6+
1.46
0.15
1
0.523a
Age
7+
1.46
0.15
1
0.613a
Age
8+
1.46
0.15
1
0.658a
Age
9+
1.46
0.15
1
0.794a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
Commercial
and
recreational
species.
Fraction
vulnerable
assumed.
c
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.9
(
Stanley
and
Danie,
1983)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
d
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
48:
White
perch
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
a
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherya
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
2.75
0
0
0.000000842b
Yolksac
larvae
2.1
0
0
0.00946c
Post­
yolksac
larvae
3.27
0
0
0.0189c
Juvenile
1
0.947
0
0
0.0283c
Juvenile
2
0.759
0
0
0.0378c
Age
1+
0.693
0
0
0.0472a
Age
2+
0.693
0
0
0.0567a
Age
3+
0.693
0.15
0.0008
0.103a
Age
4+
0.689
0.15
0.0266
0.150a
Age
5+
1.58
0.15
0.212
0.214a
Age
6+
1.54
0.15
0.48
0.265a
Age
7+
1.48
0.15
0.838
0.356a
Age
8+
1.46
0.15
1
0.387a
Age
9+
1.46
0.15
1
0.516a
Age
10+
1.46
0.15
1
0.619a
a
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.
b
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
0.9
(
Stanley
and
Danie,
1983)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
c
Assumed
based
on
Public
Service
Electric
and
Gas
Company,
1999a.
Table
1­
49:
Windowpane
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.
Applied
to
windowpane,
American
fourspot
flounder,
smallmouth
flounder,
summer
flounder.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
1.41
0
0
0.00000154d
Larvae
6.99
0
0
0.00165e
Juvenile
1
2.98
0
0
0.00223a
Age
1+
0.42
0
0
0.0325a
Age
2+
0.42
1.6
0.25
0.122a
Age
3+
0.42
1.6
0.61
0.265a
Age
4+
0.42
1.6
1
0.433a
Age
5+
0.42
1.6
1
0.603a
Age
6+
0.42
1.6
1
0.761a
Age
7+
0.42
1.6
1
0.899a
Age
8+
0.42
1.6
1
1.01a
Age
9+
0.42
1.6
1
1.11a
Age
10+
0.42
1.6
1
1.19a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
NOAA,
2001b.
F
target
for
Southern
New
England
­
Middle
Atlantic.
c
USGen
New
England,
2001.
d
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.1
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
e
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
50:
Windowpane
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
and
Seabrook
Power
Plants.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisherye
Weight
(
lb)
f
Eggs
2.64a
0
0
0.00000154g
Larvae
6.47b
0
0
0.00000847
Age
1+
0.39c
1.6
0.02
0.00634
Age
2+
0.39c
1.6
0.25
0.0409
Age
3+
0.39c
1.6
0.61
0.188
Age
4+
0.39c
1.6
1
0.384
Age
5+
0.39c
1.6
1
0.548
Age
6+
0.39c
1.6
1
0.663
Age
7+
0.39c
1.6
1
0.808
Age
8+
0.39c
1.6
1
2.53
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
New
England
Power
Company
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1995)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
extrapolated
survival
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Froese
and
Pauly,
2001.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
USGen
New
England,
2001.
Winter
flounder.
f
Weight
calculated
from
length
(
Clayton
et
al.,
1978)
for
non­
egg
values
using
the
formula:
(
2.10x10­
6)
*
Length(
mm)
3.00
=
weight(
g)
(
Clayton
et
al.,
1978).
g
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.1
(
Froese
and
Pauly,
2003)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
Table
1­
51:
Winter
flounder
species
parameters
for
Millstone
and
Brayton
Point
Power
Plants.
Applied
to
winter
founder,
yellowtail
founder,
witch
flounder,
and
smooth
flounder.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortalitya
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortalityb
(
per
stage)
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)

Eggs
0.288
0
0
0.00000115d
Larvae
1
2.05
0
0
0.00441e
Larvae
2
3.42
0
0
0.0110e
Larvae
3
3.52
0
0
0.0176e
Larvae
4
0.177
0
0
0.022e
Juvenile
1
2.38
0
0
0.033a
Age
1+
1.1
0.24
0.01
0.208a
Age
2+
0.924
0.24
0.29
0.562a
Age
3+
0.2
0.24
0.8
0.997a
Age
4+
0.2
0.24
0.92
1.42a
Age
5+
0.2
0.24
0.83
1.78a
Age
6+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.07a
Age
7+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.29a
Age
8+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.45a
Age
9+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.57a
Age
10+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.65a
Age
11+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.71a
Age
12+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.75a
Age
13+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.78a
Age
14+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.80a
Age
15+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.82a
Age
16+
0.2
0.24
0.89
2.83a
a
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group,
2001.
b
NOAA,
2001b.
F
target
for
Southern
New
England
­
Middle
Atlantic.
c
Colarusso,
2000.
d
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
e
Assumed
based
on
PG&
E
National
Energy
Group
(
2001).

Table
1­
52:
Winter
flounder
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
Power
Plant.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
5.39a
0
0
0.00000115f
Larvae
1
0.354b
0
0
0.000000442g
Larvae
2
0.708b
0
0
0.00000108g
Larvae
3
2.83b
0
0
0.00000933g
Larvae
4
0.708b
0
0
0.0000135g
Juvenile
1.77b
0
0
0.000161h
Age
1+
0.2c
0.24
0.01
0.012i
Age
2+
0.2c
0.24
0.29
0.182i
Age
3+
0.2c
0.24
0.8
0.425i
Age
4+
0.2c
0.24
0.92
0.738i
Age
5+
0.2c
0.24
0.83
1.08i
Age
6+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
1.40i
Age
7+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
1.69i
Age
8+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
1.94i
Age
9+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.16i
Age
10+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.33i
Age
11+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.49i
Table
1­
52:
Winter
flounder
species
parameters
for
Pilgrim
Power
Plant
(
cont.).

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
e
Age
12+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.61i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
PG&
E
Generating
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1999)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
survival
(
Saila
et
al.,
1997)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Colarusso,
2000.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
6.591x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.109
=
weight(
g)
(
Colarusso,
2000).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Saila
et
al.
(
1997).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Saila
et
al.
(
1997)
and
Colarusso
(
2000).
i
Length
from
Colarusso
(
2000).

Table
1­
53:
Winter
flounder
species
parameters
for
Seabrook
Power
Plant.

Stage
Name
Natural
Mortality
(
per
stage)
Fishing
Mortality
(
per
stage)
d
Fraction
Vulnerable
to
Fisheryc
Weight
(
lb)
e
Eggs
5.39a
0
0
0.00000115f
Larvae
3mm
0.354b
0
0
0.000000442g
Larvae
3.5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.000000714g
Larvae
4mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000108g
Larvae
4.5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000156g
Larvae
5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000216g
Larvae
5.5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000291g
Larvae
6mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000382g
Larvae
6.5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000489g
Larvae
7mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000616g
Larvae
7.5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000764g
Larvae
8mm
0.354b
0
0
0.00000933g
Larvae
8.5mm
0.354b
0
0
0.0000113g
Larvae
9mm
0.354b
0
0
0.0000135g
Juvenile
1.77b
0
0
0.000161h
Age
1+
0.2c
0.24
0.01
0.012i
Age
2+
0.2c
0.24
0.29
0.182i
Age
3+
0.2c
0.24
0.8
0.425i
Age
4+
0.2c
0.24
0.92
0.738i
Age
5+
0.2c
0.24
0.83
1.08i
Age
6+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
1.40i
Age
7+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
1.69i
Age
8+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
1.94i
Age
9+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.16i
Age
10+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.33i
Age
11+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.49i
Age
12+
0.2c
0.24
0.89
2.61i
a
Calculated
from
survival
(
PG&
E
Generating
and
Marine
Research
Inc.,
1999)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
b
Calculated
from
survival
(
Saila
et
al.,
1997)
using
the
equation:
(
natural
mortality)
=
­
LN(
survival)
­
(
fishing
mortality).
c
Colarusso,
2000.
d
NOAA,
2001.
e
Weight
calculated
from
length
using
the
formula:
(
6.591x10­
6)*
Length(
mm)
3.109
=
weight(
g)
(
Colarusso,
2000).
f
Calculated
from
egg
diameter
of
1.0
(
Able
and
Fahay,
1998)
using
the
equation
V=

diameter(
cm)
3/
6.
g
Length
from
Saila
et
al.
(
1997).
h
Length
assumed
based
on
Saila
et
al.
(
1997)
and
Colarusso
(
2000).
i
Length
from
Colarusso
(
2000).

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