Document ID: EPA-R09-OAR-2012-0936-0013
Agency: epa
Document Type: Rule
Title: Designation of Areas; Air Quality Planning Purposes: California; Morongo Band of Mission Indians
Posted Date: 2013-09-23T04:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 78, Number 184 (Monday, September 23, 2013)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 58189-58202]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2013-22873]

[[Page 58189]]

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 81

[EPA-R09-OAR-2012-0936; FRL-9901-13-Region 9]

Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; 
California; Morongo Band of Mission Indians

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is taking final action to correct an error in a previous 
rulemaking that revised the boundaries between nonattainment areas in 
Southern California designated under the Clean Air Act for the national 
ambient air quality standard for one-hour ozone. EPA is also taking 
final action to revise the boundaries of certain Southern California 
air quality planning areas to designate the Indian country of the 
Morongo Band of Mission Indians, California as a separate air quality 
planning area for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone standards.

DATES: This rule is effective on October 23, 2013.

ADDRESSES: EPA has established docket number EPA-R09-OAR-2012-0936 for 
this action. The index to the docket is available electronically at 
www.regulations.gov and in hard copy at EPA Region IX, 75 Hawthorne 
Street, San Francisco, California. While all documents in the docket 
are listed in the index, some information may be publicly available 
only at the hard copy location (e.g., copyrighted material), and some 
may not be publicly available in either location (e.g., Confidential 
Business Information). To inspect the hard copy materials, please 
schedule an appointment during normal business hours with the contact 
listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ken Israels, Grants and Program 
Integration Office (AIR-8), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 
Region IX, (415) 947-4102, israels.ken@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, the terms ``we,'' 
``us,'' ``our,'' and ``Agency'' refer to EPA.

Table of Contents

I. Summary of Proposed Action
II. Comments and Responses
III. Final Action
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Summary of Proposed Action

    On January 2, 2013 (78 FR 51), EPA proposed to correct an error in 
a previous rulemaking that revised the boundaries between nonattainment 
areas in Southern California designated under the Clean Air Act (CAA or 
``Act'') for the national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS or 
``standard'') for one-hour ozone.\1\ EPA also proposed to revise the 
boundaries of certain Southern California air quality planning areas to 
designate the Indian country \2\ of the Morongo Band of Mission 
Indians, California (``Morongo Reservation'') as a separate air quality 
planning area for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone standards. 
References herein to our ``proposed rule'' refer to our January 2, 2013 
proposed rule.
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    \1\ Ground-level ozone is a gas that is formed by the reaction 
of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen 
(NOX) in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight. 
These precursor emissions are emitted by many types of pollution 
sources, including power plants and industrial emissions sources, 
on-road and off-road motor vehicles and engines, and smaller 
sources, collectively referred to as area sources.
    \2\ ``Indian country'' as defined at 18 U.S.C. 1151 refers to: 
``(a) all land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the 
jurisdiction of the United States Government, notwithstanding the 
issuance of any patent, and, including rights-of-way running through 
the reservation, (b) all dependent Indian communities within the 
borders of the United States whether within the original or 
subsequently acquired territory thereof, and whether within or 
without the limits of a state, and (c) all Indian allotments, the 
Indian titles to which have not been extinguished, including rights-
of-way running through the same.''
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    Specifically, we proposed to correct an error in our October 7, 
2003 (68 FR 57820) final action approving a request by the State of 
California (``California'' or ``State'') to shift the boundary between 
the South Coast Air Basin and the Southeast Desert Air Basin (which 
includes Coachella Valley) eastward, and thereby relocate the Banning 
Pass area to the South Coast Air Basin from the Southeast Desert Air 
Basin. As explained in our proposed rule, the ``error'' pertained only 
to the Morongo Reservation, which is located within the Banning Pass, 
and which is the only Indian country affected by the relevant portion 
of our 2003 final action.
    With respect to the one-hour ozone standard, EPA's 2003 action had 
the effect of moving the Morongo Reservation from the Coachella Valley 
portion of the ``Southeast Desert Modified AQMA Area'' (``Southeast 
Desert'') to the ``Los Angeles-South Coast Air Basin Area'' (``South 
Coast'') and changing the designations and classifications accordingly. 
Specifically, EPA's 2003 action had the effect of changing the ozone 
nonattainment area classification for the Banning Pass area, including 
the Morongo Reservation, from ``Severe-17'' to ``Extreme''.\3\
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    \3\ While the one-hour ozone standard itself has been revoked, 
the NSR requirements that had applied to a nonattainment area for 
the 1997 eight-hour ozone standard based on that area's designation 
and classification for the one-hour ozone standard, at the time of 
designation for the 1997 eight-hour ozone standard, continue to 
apply to the area consistent with the requirements of EPA's phase I 
implementation rule governing the transition from the one-hour ozone 
standard to the 1997 eight-hour ozone standard and a related court 
decision.
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    In connection with the 2003 final action, we erred by failing to 
recognize that, while EPA had authority to change the boundary of the 
South Coast with respect to Indian country under CAA sections 
107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 301(a) and 301(d), it is apparent from the proposed 
and final rules in 2003 that EPA did not recognize that it was acting 
under that authority or that EPA appropriately considered the effect of 
the action on Indian country lands. EPA recognized only that the Agency 
was acting on a State request under section 107(d)(3)(D) and reviewed 
the request accordingly. However, tribes are sovereign entities, and 
not political subdivisions of states. Typically, states are not 
approved to administer programs under the CAA in Indian country, and 
California has not been approved by EPA to administer any CAA programs 
in Indian country. With respect to the Morongo Reservation, EPA or the 
Morongo Tribe is the appropriate entity to initiate boundary changes, 
and in this instance, the Morongo Tribe initiated the change through a 
rulemaking request to EPA.
    If EPA had considered such a boundary change with respect to the 
Morongo Reservation under the appropriate statutory authority (i.e., 
CAA sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 301(a) and 301(d)), the Agency might 
well have declined to change the boundary with respect to the Morongo 
Reservation based on ``planning and control considerations'' given that 
emissions sources within the Morongo Reservation are subject to EPA 
jurisdiction whereas the emissions sources outside of the Reservation 
are subject to the jurisdiction of the South Coast Air Quality 
Management District (SCAQMD). In addition to the difference in 
jurisdiction, we might have declined to change the boundary given the 
associated decrease in the major source threshold and absence of a 
federal Indian country new source review (NSR) program for new or 
modified stationary sources at the time. Therefore, under CAA section

[[Page 58190]]

110(k)(6),\4\ we proposed to correct the error by rescinding our 2003 
final action as it pertains to the Morongo Reservation and only as it 
pertains to the revoked one-hour ozone standard.
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    \4\ CAA section 110(k)(6) provides that: ``Whenever the 
Administrator determines that the Administrator's action approving, 
disapproving, or promulgating any plan or plan revision (or part 
thereof), area designation, redesignation, classification, or 
reclassification was in error, the Administrator may in the same 
manner as the approval, disapproval, or promulgation revise such 
action as appropriate without requiring any further submission from 
the State. Such determination and the basis thereof shall be 
provided to the State and public.'' We interpret this provision to 
authorize the Agency to make corrections to a promulgated regulation 
when it is shown to our satisfaction that (1) we clearly erred in 
failing to consider or inappropriately considered information made 
available to EPA at the time of the promulgation, or the information 
made available at the time of promulgation is subsequently 
demonstrated to have been clearly inadequate, and (2) other 
information persuasively supports a change in the regulation. See 57 
FR 56762, at 56763 (November 30, 1992).
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    Second, in our proposed rule, under CAA sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 
301(a), and 301(d), we proposed to revise the boundaries of the 
Southeast Desert to designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate 
nonattainment area for the one-hour ozone standard and to classify the 
Morongo Reservation as ``Severe-17,'' i.e., consistent with its prior 
classification when it was included in the Southeast Desert.\5\ Third, 
also under CAA sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 301(a) and 301(d), we 
proposed to revise the boundaries of the South Coast to designate the 
Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area for the 1997 
eight-hour ozone standard and to classify the Morongo Reservation as 
``Severe-17,'' i.e., consistent with its original classification when 
it was included in the South Coast.
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    \5\ Sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C) provide that EPA may initiate the 
redesignation process ``on the basis of air quality data, planning 
and control considerations, or any other air quality-related 
considerations the Administrator deems appropriate,'' and 
``promulgate the redesignation, if any, of the area or portion 
thereof.'' CAA section 107(d)(3) does not refer to Indian country, 
but consistent with EPA's discretionary authority in CAA sections 
301(a) and 301(d)(4) to directly administer CAA programs, and 
protect air quality in Indian country through federal 
implementation, EPA is authorized to directly administer sections 
107(d)(3)(A)-(C) and redesignate Indian country areas.
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    In proposing the second and third actions described above, we 
applied the principles set forth in EPA's policy (referred to herein as 
the ``Tribal Designation Policy'') for establishing separate air 
quality designations for areas of Indian country.\6\ Under the Tribal 
Designation Policy, where EPA receives a request for a boundary change 
from a tribe seeking to have its Indian country designated as a 
separate area, the policy indicates that EPA will make decisions 
regarding these requests on a case-by-case basis after consultation 
with the tribe.
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    \6\ See memorandum from Stephen D. Page, Director, EPA Office of 
Air Quality Planning and Standards, to EPA Regional Air Directors, 
Regions I-X, dated December 20, 2011, titled ``Policy for 
Establishing Separate Air Quality Designations for Areas of Indian 
Country.''
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    As a matter of policy, EPA believes that it is important for tribes 
to submit certain information, including, among other items, a formal 
request from an authorized tribal official; documentation of Indian 
country boundaries to which the air quality designation request 
applies; and an analysis of a number of factors (referred to as a 
``multi-factor analysis,'') including air quality data, emissions-
related data (including source emissions data, traffic and commuting 
patterns, population density and degree of urbanization), meteorology, 
geography/topography, and jurisdictional boundaries.\7\
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    \7\ See Tribal Designation Policy, pages 3 and 4. The Tribal 
Designation Policy also states that, in addition to information 
related to the identified factors, tribes may submit any other 
information that they believe is important for EPA to consider.
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    In May 2009, the Chairman of the Morongo Tribe submitted the 
Tribe's request for a separate ozone nonattainment area that included a 
multi-factor analysis addressing air quality data, emissions data, 
meteorology, geography/topography, and jurisdictional boundaries.\8\ As 
such, although submitted prior to release of the Tribal Designation 
Policy, the Morongo Tribe's request for a boundary change to create a 
separate ozone nonattainment area, in conjunction with EPA's additional 
analysis found in our technical support document (TSD) for the proposed 
rule, represents the type of formal, official request and supporting 
information called for in the policy.
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    \8\ See letter from Robert Martin, Chairman, Morongo Band of 
Mission Indians, to Deborah Jordan, Director, Air Division, EPA 
Region IX, dated May 29, 2009.
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    For the proposed rule, EPA noted that the Agency had recently 
reviewed the Morongo Tribe's multi-factor analysis in connection with 
designating the Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area 
for the 2008 ozone standard, and concluded that EPA's analysis and 
recent decision to designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate 
nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone standard was directly relevant to 
our consideration of whether to revise the boundaries of existing air 
quality planning areas to designate the Morongo Reservation as a 
separate nonattainment area for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standards, and adopted the analysis and rationale previously relied 
upon by EPA in establishing the Morongo nonattainment area for the 2008 
ozone standard. In doing so, we recognized that the three standards 
address the same pollutant, and thus share multi-factor analyses and 
considerations.\9\
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    \9\ EPA also noted that in using many of the same factors found 
in the 2008 ozone designations process, we are using factors that 
represent the most current information regarding meteorology, air 
quality, etc. in the area and therefore we believe serve the 
purposes of being representative for the previously established 
ozone standards.
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    Based on our review of air quality data, meteorology and 
topography, we observed that the Morongo Reservation experiences 
transitional conditions characteristic of a mountain pass area through 
which pollutants are channeled from a highly urbanized metropolitan 
nonattainment area to the west to the relatively less developed 
nonattainment area to the east. Considering the three factors of air 
quality data, meteorology, and topography, EPA concluded that the 
Agency could reasonably include the Morongo Reservation in either the 
South Coast nonattainment area to the west, or the Southeast Desert 
nonattainment area to the east, as EPA has done in the past for the 
one-hour ozone standard and the 1997 eight-hour ozone standard. 
Alternatively, EPA could establish a separate nonattainment area for 
the Morongo Reservation as it did for the 2008 eight-hour ozone 
standard.\10\
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    \10\ See 77 FR 30088, dated May 21, 2012.
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    Taking into account the relative amount of emissions associated 
with activities on the Morongo Reservation and corresponding minimal 
contribution to regional ozone violations, we believed that under the 
circumstances present here, it would be appropriate to assign 
particular weight to the jurisdictional boundaries factor, consistent 
with the principles for designations of Indian country set forth in the 
Tribal Designation Policy. Moreover, we noted that the Tribe has 
invested in the development of its own air program, including operation 
of weather stations and an air monitoring station, and has expressed 
interest in development of its own permitting program. Under the 
jurisdictional boundaries factor, we found that redesignation of the 
Morongo Reservation as a separate ozone nonattainment area for the one-
hour ozone and 1997 eight-hour ozone standards would be appropriate. 
Therefore, consistent with the designation of the Morongo Reservation 
for the 2008 ozone standard, we proposed to revise the boundaries of 
the Southeast Desert one-hour ozone nonattainment area and the 
boundaries

[[Page 58191]]

of the South Coast 1997 eight-hour ozone nonattainment area to 
designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area for 
the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone standards.
    Please see our proposed rule and TSD for additional background 
information about the Morongo Reservation and the regulatory context, 
as well as a more detailed explanation of our rationale for the 
proposed actions.

II. Comments and Responses

    Our proposed rule provided for a 30-day comment period. During this 
period, we received comments from the South Coast Air Quality 
Management District (SCAQMD or ``District''), the Coachella Valley 
Association of Governments (CVAG), and from a private citizen. All 
three comment letters oppose EPA's proposed actions. We have summarized 
the comments and provide responses in the paragraphs that follow.
    SCAQMD Comment #1: EPA's primary reason for wanting to reclassify 
Morongo as ``severe-17'' appears to be based on the fact that in 
``extreme'' ozone areas, the major source threshold for VOC and 
NOX is 10 tons per year, whereas in ``severe-17'' areas it 
is 25 tons per year, thereby increasing the number of new or modified 
sources subject to the emissions offset requirement. EPA's sole concern 
appears to be the availability of emission reduction credits (ERCs) for 
use as offsets. We are not sure that EPA's rationale, which appears to 
be based on economic considerations, is a proper basis for 
reclassification under CAA section 107(d)(3). Also, EPA has 
misinterpreted the law relative to availability of offsets for sources 
to be located on Morongo lands. Because Morongo is included within the 
South Coast District, the special provisions in state law and District 
rules regarding the transfer and use of inter-district and inter-basin 
offsets are inapplicable.
    EPA Response to SCAQMD Comment #1: Our proposed rule proposed two 
separate actions--(1) an error correction (of a 2003 final action) and 
(2) boundary revisions (for one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS). 
EPA considered the issue of availability of ERCs for use as offsets for 
new or modified sources on the Morongo Reservation in the context of 
the proposed error correction action, not the boundary revisions 
action, and the statutory basis for consideration of this issue was CAA 
section 110(k)(6), not section 107(d)(3).
    The District is correct that, in our proposed rule, we identified 
restrictions in state law and District rules regarding the availability 
of ERCs for use to comply with the emissions offset requirement for new 
or modified major sources on Morongo lands as one of the adverse 
regulatory consequences for the Tribe of our 2003 final action that 
persuaded us to propose the error correction. However, the availability 
of ERCs was not the only adverse regulatory effect of our 2003 action. 
We recognized that the primary adverse regulatory effect was the 
lowering of the applicable VOC and NOX major source 
threshold from 25 tons per year to 10 tons per year that resulted from 
the 2003 transfer of the Banning Pass (including the Morongo 
Reservation) from the Southeast Desert ``severe'' ozone nonattainment 
area to the South Coast ``extreme'' ozone nonattainment area. See 78 FR 
51, at 54-55. The lower threshold meant that more new or modified 
sources proposed on Morongo lands would be considered ``major'' and 
thus subject to the emissions offset requirement in the first instance. 
Based on our understanding of the state and District restrictions on 
the use of emission reduction credits, we believed at the time of the 
proposed rule that the adverse regulatory effect of lowering the 
threshold was exacerbated by the uncertainty associated with the 
availability of ERCs generated outside of the Morongo Reservation to 
offset emissions of new or modified sources on the Morongo Reservation.
    We appreciate the District's clarification of state law and 
District rules regarding inter-district and inter-basin transfer of 
ERCs. Based on the District's clarification, we now understand that 
under state law and District rules governing inter-district or inter-
basin transfer of ERCs, the meaning of ``District'' is geographic in 
nature and not jurisdictional, and thus, sources on Morongo lands are 
considered within the ``District'' for the purposes of using ERCs to 
meet the emissions offset requirement although such sources are not 
subject to District jurisdiction and thus may purchase and use ERCs 
generated anywhere in the South Coast without prior approval from the 
State or District.
    In light of SCAQMD's interpretation of state and District law, we 
no longer find that such law presents an obstacle to permitting of new 
or modified stationary sources on the Morongo Reservation. While ERCs 
may be available for such sources in the same manner as they are for 
sources in the South Coast outside of the Morongo Reservation, the more 
fundamental, adverse consequence of lowering the major source threshold 
from 25 tons per year to 10 tons per year remains a sufficient adverse 
consequence in and of itself to persuade us to take final action to 
correct our 2003 final action as it pertains to the one-hour ozone 
standard and as it pertains to the Morongo Reservation.
    SCAQMD Comment #2: EPA's current proposal is to separate the 
Morongo Reservation, which is currently within the South Coast Air 
Basin, as its own air quality planning area and to classify the area as 
``severe-17'' for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA 
should retain the Morongo Reservation in the South Coast Air Basin in 
accordance with EPA's rationale for approving California's request to 
revise the basin so that the Banning Pass--including Morongo--was 
included in the South Coast Air Basin. Now, as then, the Banning Pass--
including Morongo--belongs in the South Coast Air Basin from an air 
quality perspective.
    EPA Response to SCAQMD Comment #2: Our proposed rule includes two 
types of actions: an error correction and boundary revisions. The first 
action, under CAA section 110(k)(6), would correct the error by 
rescinding our 2003 boundary change action with respect to the Morongo 
Reservation and would thereby separate the Morongo Reservation from the 
South Coast and return the reservation back to the Southeast Desert 
ozone nonattainment area within which the reservation was located prior 
to EPA's 2003 action, but would not establish a separate Morongo ozone 
nonattainment area. The second type of action, under CAA section 
107(d)(3) and CAA sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 301(a) and 301(d), would 
establish a separate Morongo ozone nonattainment area for the one-hour 
and 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS. Because we are finalizing both actions 
at the same time, the Morongo Reservation will not move back to the 
Southeast Desert nonattainment area but will instead become its own 
nonattainment area for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standards.
    With respect to our error correction action, the District 
accurately cites EPA's rationale for approving California's request to 
revise the boundaries to transfer the Banning Pass from the Southeast 
Desert to the South Coast in 2003: ``We believe that Banning is more 
similar to the South Coast than the Coachella area, and that it would 
support efficient planning and control to move the federal boundary of 
the South Coast Air Basin eastward to encompass the Banning Pass 
area.'' 68 FR 48848, at 48850 (August 15, 2003). In our proposed rule, 
we explain that we do not find that we erred in 2003 in reviewing the 
State's request for a boundary revision, but we failed to

[[Page 58192]]

recognize that, to the extent that our 2003 action affected Indian 
country, our action involved more than a response to a State request 
under CAA section 107(d)(3)(D).\11\ It also involved an EPA-initiated 
boundary change action under sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), section 301(a), 
and 301(d)(4) because the State is not approved to administer CAA 
programs in Indian country. 78 FR 51, at 54. Our proposed rule also 
explains how evaluation of the same criteria used to approve the 
State's request would have differed for Indian country. Id. For 
instance, ``planning and control considerations'' while seamless from 
the standpoint of District jurisdiction over sources on state lands, 
would have differed for the Morongo Reservation because, at that time, 
EPA had not established a nonattainment NSR program for Morongo under 
which to review the greater number of new or modified sources deemed 
``major'' by virtue of the boundary change.
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    \11\ As noted above, Tribes are sovereign entities, and not 
political subdivisions of States. Typically, states are not approved 
to administer programs under the CAA in Indian country, and 
California has not been approved by EPA to administer any CAA 
programs in Indian country. With respect to the Morongo Reservation, 
EPA or the Tribe is the appropriate entity to initiate boundary 
changes, and in this instance, the Tribe initiated the boundary 
change through a request to EPA.
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    In effect, through its 2003 boundary change request, the State of 
California was voluntarily seeking to expand the geographic boundary of 
the area (the South Coast) subject to the most stringent requirements 
under the CAA. While EPA would have little reason to disapprove such a 
state request, there is also little reason for EPA to force Indian 
country located in that geographic area to be consistent with the 
State's voluntary request.
    With respect to our proposed action to establish a separate Morongo 
ozone nonattainment area, we are not applying the same criteria that we 
used to evaluate the State's boundary change request, but rather are 
applying the criteria set forth in our Tribal Designations Policy. See 
pages 55 and 56 of our proposed rule. As described in greater detail in 
our proposed rule, we observe that the Morongo Reservation experiences 
transitional conditions characteristic of a mountain pass area and that 
we could reasonably have included the Morongo Reservation in either the 
South Coast or the Southeast Desert or established a separate Morongo 
nonattainment area. Given that emissions associated with the Morongo 
Reservation are minimal, we believe that it is appropriate to assign 
particular weight to the jurisdictional boundaries factor and thus are 
taking final action today, consistent with our proposed action, to 
revise the boundaries of the South Coast and Southeast Desert 
nonattainment areas to designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate 
Morongo nonattainment area for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standards. (The Morongo Reservation is already a separate nonattainment 
area for the 2008 ozone standard.)
    SCAQMD Comment #3: SCAQMD staff is concerned about the possible 
effects of separating and reclassifying the Morongo Reservation. EPA's 
action can only be intended to facilitate the construction and 
operation of new or expanded major sources on Morongo lands. As the 
Banning Pass is directly upwind of the Coachella Valley, any 
significant new emissions on Morongo lands could adversely affect the 
Coachella Valley and its ability to maintain attainment of the ozone 
standard. EPA should analyze the air quality impacts of the proposed 
action on the Coachella Valley.
    Response to SCAQMD Comment #3: With respect to nonattainment New 
Source Review (NSR), the effect of our actions today will be an 
increase in the major source threshold for ozone precursors, i.e., VOC 
and NOX, from 10 and 25 tons per year, for new or modified 
stationary sources proposed for construction and operation on the 
Morongo Reservation. As such, new or modified stationary sources to be 
located at the Morongo Reservation with potentials to emit (PTE) from 
10 to 25 tons per year of VOC or NOX will not be subject to 
the major source requirements to meet the lowest achievable emission 
rate (LAER) and to offset emissions increases. Conversely, with or 
without our actions today, such sources with PTE 25 tons per year or 
more of VOC or NOX will continue to be subject to major 
source NSR, i.e., subject to both the LAER and offset requirements. 
Likewise, the regulatory requirements for sources with PTE less than 10 
tons per year of VOC or NOX will also remain the same.
    Thus, SCAQMD is correct that the proposed actions will facilitate 
construction and operation of new or modified stationary sources on the 
Morongo Reservation with PTE from 10 to 25 tons per year of VOC or 
NOX to the extent that such sources will not be subject to 
the LAER and emissions offset requirements that otherwise would have 
applied to such sources if EPA were not to finalize today's actions. 
Such sources could be constructed and operated at the Morongo 
Reservation with or without today's actions, but the costs associated 
with construction and operation would be less if the source is not 
required to meet the LAER and emissions offset requirements.
    To gain perspective on the potential downwind effects of one or 
more new or modified stationary sources with PTE from 10 to 25 tons per 
year of VOC or NOX on the Morongo Reservation, it is useful 
to compare the emissions generated within the South Coast and Coachella 
Valley with those generated by sources associated with the Morongo 
Reservation under existing conditions, as shown in the following table.

  Comparison of Emissions Associated With South Coast, Coachella Valley, and Morongo Reservation Under Existing
                                                   Conditions
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                                            Emissions (tons per day)
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                                              South Coast \a\      Coachella Valley \b\     Morongo reservation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------           \c\
                                                                                         -----------------------
                Pollutant                  Stationary    Total     Stationary    Total     Stationary
                                            sources                 sources                 sources      Total
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VOC.....................................          257        593          2.0       17.7        0.058       0.54
NOX.....................................           92        758          0.7       45.2        0.066       3.05
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\a\ Emissions estimates are for year 2008 as presented in table 3-1A (page 3-15) of the SCAQMD's Final 2012 Air
  Quality Management Plan, December 2012.
\b\ Emissions estimates are for year 2008 as presented for the Salton Sea Air Basin portion of Riverside County
  in CARB's Almanac, Emission Projections Data, as published on CARB's Web site.

[[Page 58193]]

 
\c\ The source for emissions estimates from sources associated with the Morongo Reservation is table 1 (page 13)
  of the attachment to a letter from Robert Martin, Chairman, Morongo Band of Mission Indians, to Deborah
  Jordan, Director, Air Division, EPA Region IX, dated May 29, 2009. These data reflect 2006 emissions, the most
  current year of emissions inventoried by the Morongo. We have no reason to expect that 2008 emissions
  associated with the Morongo Reservation would be significantly different than those estimated for 2006, and
  thus, we believe that the emissions estimates for the Morongo Reservation provide a reasonable basis for
  comparison with the regional emissions estimates prepared for 2008. Based on the Morongo emissions inventory,
  on-road mobile sources account for approximately 85% to 90% of total Morongo-related emissions of VOC and NOX.
  Stationary sources associated with the reservation account for approximately 2% to 11% of the total with the
  balance emitted by area sources.

    As shown in the above table, total emissions associated with the 
Morongo Reservation comprise 0.09% and 0.4% of the VOC and 
NOX emissions, respectively, associated with all sources 
within the South Coast. The effect of today's actions relate to the 
stationary source fraction of Morongo's emissions, which amount to 
0.058 and 0.066 tons per day of VOC and NOX, respectively 
(or 21 and 24 tons per year of VOC and NOX, respectively), 
and which comprise only 0.01% and 0.009% of the VOC and NOX 
emissions, respectively, within the South Coast. Clearly, one or even 
several new or modified stationary sources within the 10 to 25 tons per 
year range would have minimal or no effect on Coachella Valley when 
compared to the overall pollutant burden passing through the Banning 
Pass from the South Coast to Coachella Valley. Any new or modified 
stationary source on the Morongo Reservation with a PTE large enough to 
impact Coachella Valley would almost certainly be subject to major 
source NSR and thereby subject to the LAER and emission offset 
requirements that would avoid such an impact.
    SCAQMD Comment #4: We are concerned that EPA's actions would create 
an uneven playing field between sources located within the Morongo 
boundaries and similar nearby sources in the South Coast Air Basin, 
including the remainder of the Banning Pass. Indeed, sources locating 
on Morongo lands would also have an unfair advantage over sources in 
the adjacent Coachella Valley, because under SCAQMD rules even minor 
sources of most pollutants must obtain offsets, and these rules apply 
within the Coachella Valley. Moreover, major sources in both areas are 
subject to SCAQMD's BACT requirement, which is at least as stringent as 
federal LAER. While minor sources are subject to potentially less 
stringent BACT, and the minor source threshold in Coachella Valley is 
25 tons per year, SCAQMD's BACT Guidelines for minor sources are 
generally the most stringent in the nation and are distinguished from 
the BACT for major sources only in that economic and technical 
feasibility may be considered. In short, new and modified stationary 
sources on either side of the Banning Pass, as well as in the remainder 
of the Banning Pass, will be subject to more stringent standards than 
sources seeking to locate on Morongo lands. We are concerned that EPA's 
proposed action will create a ``pollution island'' within the Morongo 
area. Our concern is based on real and substantial experiences in which 
facilities located on Tribal lands have created problems in the 
adjacent communities. For example, EPA and SCAQMD have taken 
enforcement action against facilities located on Cabazon Tribal land 
near the city of Mecca in southeastern Riverside County.
    Response to SCAQMD Comment #4: EPA notes that, with or without 
today's action, new or modified sources on the Morongo Reservation are 
subject to the requirements of EPA's Indian country NSR rule codified 
in CFR, Title 40, part 49 (76 FR 38748, July 1, 2011), which are in 
some respects less stringent than the corresponding requirements under 
SCAQMD's NSR rules that apply outside Indian country in both the South 
Coast and Coachella Valley. Specifically, under EPA's Indian country 
NSR rule, emissions offsets are not required for new or modified minor 
sources. However, with respect to control technology requirements, 
while the Indian country NSR rule does not require new or modified 
minor sources to meet BACT or LAER level of control, the rule does 
require EPA (or the Indian Tribe in cases where a Tribal agency is 
assisting EPA with administration of the program through a delegation) 
to conduct a case-by-case control technology review to determine the 
appropriate level of control, if any, necessary to assure that the 
NAAQS are achieved, as well as the corresponding emission limitations 
for the affected emission units at the new or modified source. See 40 
CFR 49.154(c). In carrying out this determination, among other 
considerations, EPA takes into account ``[t]ypical control technology 
or other emission reduction measures used by similar sources in 
surrounding areas.'' 40 CFR 49.154(c)(1)(ii). Thus, the corresponding 
control technology requirements (i.e., minor source ``BACT'') that 
SCAQMD applies to minor sources subject to its authority would inform 
EPA's determination regarding control technology requirements and 
associated emission limitations for new or modified minor stationary 
sources on the Morongo Reservation.
    Nonetheless, we recognize that our actions today will broaden the 
differences in NSR requirements in that new or modified sources on the 
Morongo Reservation with PTE between 10 and 25 tons per year of VOC or 
NOX will no longer be subject to LAER and emissions offset 
requirement that otherwise would have applied. We do not, however, 
foresee our actions as resulting in the ``pollution island'' effect 
about which SCAQMD is concerned. First, our actions today simply 
restore the major source threshold that had applied within the Morongo 
Reservation before our 2003 approval of California's boundary change. 
The only difference between the regulatory context during the pre-2003 
period and the context that will exist upon the effective date of 
today's action is that new or modified stationary sources in the 
Banning Pass subject to SCAQMD jurisdiction with PTE between 10 and 25 
are now subject to major source ``BACT,'' which differs from minor 
source ``BACT'' under SCAQMD's NSR rules, as explained by SCAQMD above, 
whereas such sources were subject to minor source ``BACT'' prior to our 
approval of California's boundary change request in 2003. We have no 
evidence that the Morongo Reservation was a ``pollution island'' during 
the pre-2003 period when the higher threshold applied, and the subtle 
differences between then and now described above with respect to minor 
source BACT and major source BACT under SCAQMD rules argues against the 
possibility that the Morongo Reservation will become a ``pollution 
island'' as a result of our actions today. It is important to note 
that, even with our actions today, the applicable NSR requirements 
within the Morongo Reservation (at a 25 tons per year major source 
threshold) would continue to be among the most stringent in the nation 
in keeping with today's classification of the Morongo Reservation as a 
separate ``severe'' nonattainment area for the one-hour and 1997 ozone 
standards.
    SCAQMD Comment #5: EPA may not have adequate enforcement resources 
to ensure ongoing compliance on Tribal lands, even if the rules are 
equally stringent. For example, examination of

[[Page 58194]]

the available information indicates that the Colmac Energy facility, 
which is identified as a major source under RCRA, was last inspected 
nearly 10 years ago. Tribes themselves also may not have adequate 
resources to ensure compliance. For example, in the mid-2000's, the 
Torrez-Martinez reservation was identified as home to at least 20 
illegal dumps. Health hazards were created as a result of some of the 
dump material catching fire. EPA, the federal courts, the SCAQMD, the 
Tribe, and other organizations were all involved in attempting to 
resolve these issues.
    Response to SCAQMD Comment #5: EPA's compliance and enforcement 
program extends to sources subject to EPA permitting jurisdiction, and 
to oversight of sources subject to the permitting jurisdiction of 
states, air districts, and tribes (where tribes have authority to issue 
such permits). The hypothetical prospect of new or modified stationary 
sources at the Morongo Reservation, whether permitted by EPA or by the 
Morongo Tribe (if and when the Tribe is authorized to issue such 
permits), will have essentially no effect on the scope of EPA's 
nationwide compliance and enforcement program and thus essentially no 
effect on the resources needed to adequately meet the demands of that 
program. Moreover, facility inspections, while important, represent 
just one method for acquiring information in connection with compliance 
and enforcement.\12\ Information requests under CAA section 114, for 
example, represent another method. Lastly, EPA does not believe that 
compliance issues that have arisen in the past with one tribe in any 
way portend compliance issues that may arise in the future with another 
tribe any more than one state's past actions portend future actions 
taken by other states.
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    \12\ To the extent that SCAQMD cites infrequent inspections at 
the Colmac Energy facility as an example of inadequate EPA 
enforcement resources, EPA notes that since 1989, under a monitoring 
and enforcement agreement to which SCAQMD, EPA, and the Cabazon Band 
of Mission Indians are signatories, SCAQMD has been allowed entry 
onto the Cabazon Reservation to monitor and inspect the Colmac 
Energy facility, and thus the frequency of EPA inspections cited by 
SCAQMD bears little relation to the extent of compliance oversight 
for the Colmac facility.
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    SCAQMD Comment #6: We are concerned about the potential 
precedential effect of this decision.
    Response to SCAQMD Comment #6: In this action, we are determining 
that our 2003 approval of California's request to shift the boundary 
between the South Coast and Southeast Desert eastward and thereby 
include the Banning Pass in the South Coast was in error as it pertains 
to Indian country in the Banning Pass, and because the Morongo Tribe is 
the only Tribe with Indian country that was affected by the eastward 
shift of the boundary, the direct precedential effect of today's 
actions is quite limited. More generally, though, our 2003 action 
approved a State's request, in effect, to expand the area subject to 
more stringent CAA requirements and conversely to shrink the area 
subject to less stringent CAA requirements. We should have recognized 
at the time, but did not, that EPA, not the State, was changing the 
boundary with respect to Indian country located within the expansion 
area and thereby imposing the more stringent CAA requirements on Indian 
country as well. States rarely voluntarily request boundary changes 
that increase the stringency of requirements for their sources in the 
affected area, and thus, we have no reason to expect that similar 
circumstances culminating in our 2003 action and setting the stage for 
today's actions exist elsewhere with respect to California or other 
states and other tribes. Lastly, we note that we have previously 
established a number of separate tribal air quality planning areas, 
see, e.g., the separate listings for several tribes located within 
Arizona and California in 40 CFR 81.303 and 40 CFR 81.305, 
respectively, (i.e., particularly for the 1997 and 2008 eight-hour 
ozone standards), and thus, today's action does not establish a new 
precedent but rather is consistent with previous actions.
    CVAG Comment #1: The creation of a separate air basin for the Tribe 
will result in a less stringent definition of a major source threshold 
for New Source Review and may result in a lesser level of air pollution 
controls as currently established through its designation in the South 
Coast Air Basin. This could potentially result in the creation of a 
``magnet'' for, and give an unfair advantage to, facilities locating at 
the Morongo Reservation relative to facilities in the adjacent areas 
under State jurisdiction.
    EPA Response to CVAG Comment #1: CVAG is correct that the effect of 
today's actions will raise the applicable major source threshold for 
VOC and NOX from 10 tons per year to 25 tons per year for 
new or modified stationary sources to be located on the Morongo 
Reservation. This means that a new or modified stationary source 
proposed on the Morongo Reservation after the effective date of today's 
final actions with a PTE between 10 and 25 tons per year of VOC or 
NOX will not be subject to the same control technology 
(i.e., lowest achievable control technology) and emission offset 
requirements that would have applied if we did not finalize our 
actions. As such, the applicable requirements for new or modified 
stationary sources on the Morongo Reservation will return to those that 
applied before EPA's 2003 approval of California's boundary change 
request. The applicable minimum requirements for new or modified 
sources on the Morongo Reservation will also mirror those that apply in 
Coachella Valley with respect to LAER and offsets, which adjoins the 
new Morongo air quality planning area to the east, although we 
recognize that California has chosen to go beyond statutory and 
regulatory minimum requirements with respect to other NSR requirements 
in both the South Coast and Coachella Valley. We have no evidence to 
suggest that the Morongo Reservation was a ``magnet'' for new emissions 
sources prior to our 2003 action to approve California boundary change 
request, when the less stringent major source threshold applied, nor do 
we have any reason to believe that the Reservation will become such a 
``magnet'' as a result of EPA's actions today that simply return the 
Morongo Reservation to the statutory and regulatory context that 
applied prior to EPA's 2003 action.
    CVAG Comment #2: Back in January 2011, CVAG sent a letter to EPA 
expressing concern regarding the Morongo Tribe's request for a separate 
ozone nonattainment area. EPA staff agreed to keep CVAG and SCAQMD 
apprised of EPA's actions on the Tribe's request but did not follow-
through. Instead, CVAG was informed of EPA's January 2, 2013 proposed 
rule through another party. In May 2012, EPA designated the Morongo 
Reservation as a separate nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone 
standard. EPA is using key findings from that decision as the basis for 
their current proposed action. This designation action was again done 
without notification to or consultation with CVAG or the SCAQMD, 
although the proposed rule at 78 FR 55 stated that this decision will 
be made ``after all necessary consultation with the Tribe and, as 
appropriate, with the involvement of other affected entities.'' In 
addition, in footnote 15 of the proposed rule, it states ``EPA has 
consulted with the Tribe several times about this matter.'' This 
dangerously ``paves the way'' for the proposed action relative to the 
one hour and 1997 eight hour ozone standards.
    EPA Response to CVAG Comment #2: CVAG is correct that EPA has 
adopted the analysis and rationale relied upon by EPA in establishing 
the Morongo

[[Page 58195]]

nonattainment area for the 2008 ozone standard in support of EPA's 
proposal to revise the boundaries of the Southeast Desert (which 
includes Coachella Valley) and the South Coast to designate the Morongo 
Reservation as a separate nonattainment area for the one-hour and 1997 
eight-hour ozone standards. See pages 55 and 56 of the proposed rule.
    CVAG objects to EPA's failure to notify or consult with CVAG about 
either the designations for the 2008 ozone standard or the actions 
proposed by EPA on January 2, 2013. As to the designations for the 2008 
ozone standard, the process is set forth in CAA section 107 and 
involves (1) notification by EPA to states of the requirement to submit 
recommendations of areas to be listed as nonattainment, attainment, or 
unclassifiable; (2) submittal to EPA of state recommendations; (3) 
review by EPA of the recommendations; and (4) notification by EPA to 
states of EPA's intention to modify any state recommendation and 
provision of an opportunity to such state to demonstrate why such 
modification is inappropriate. EPA also provided a similar process for 
tribes to submit, and for EPA to review and modify, recommendations for 
their areas of Indian country. There is no requirement that EPA notify 
states concerning tribal recommendations related to Indian country or 
that EPA notify tribes of state recommendations related to lands under 
state jurisdiction.
    As to the proposed action to revise the boundaries of the Southeast 
Desert and South Coast to designate the Morongo Reservation as a 
separate nonattainment area for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standard, EPA acknowledges that it agreed to keep CVAG apprised of our 
action and failed to follow-through prior to proposing this action on 
January 2, 2013. While EPA regrets the oversight, we note that such 
notification, other than through publication of the proposed and final 
rule in the Federal Register, is not required for the type of action 
that we proposed.
    In its January 7, 2011 letter to EPA, CVAG raised two specific 
substantive concerns in connection with Morongo's May 29, 2009 boundary 
change request: (1) inclusion of the Morongo Reservation in Coachella 
Valley, and resultant use of Morongo ozone monitoring data, could 
jeopardize Coachella Valley's ability to meet the 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standard by the applicable 2019 attainment date; and (2) inclusion of 
the Morongo Reservation in Coachella Valley would impact Coachella 
Valley's ability to meet PM10 objectives and to continue to 
attain PM2.5 standards. EPA's decision to designate the 
Morongo Tribe as a separate nonattainment area rather than move the 
Reservation back into Southeast Desert (which includes Coachella 
Valley) alleviates both specific substantive concerns raised by CVAG in 
its January 7, 2011 letter to EPA. Please see our Response to SCAQMD 
Comment 3, above, for additional analysis concerning potential 
impacts on Coachella Valley of today's final actions.
    Lastly, with respect to CVAG's cautionary note concerning EPA's 
consultation with the Tribe in connection with this action, we simply 
note that our proposed action, in part, derives from a request by the 
Morongo Tribe to create a separate nonattainment ozone area for the 
Tribe, and thus, it is perfectly natural and appropriate that EPA 
consult with the Tribe about such a matter prior to proposing action. 
EPA would do no less for the State if responding to a state request. 
EPA notes that consultation with the Tribe is also consistent with the 
government-to-government relationship between federally-recognized 
tribes and the federal government.
    CVAG Comment #3: The Coachella Valley is exposed to frequent gusty 
winds with the strongest and most persistent winds typically occurring 
immediately to the east of Banning Pass, which is noted as a wind power 
generation resource area. Given the geographic location of the 
reservation, to the Banning Pass and the Coachella Valley, the 
designation will most negatively impact the Coachella Valley's air 
quality. Located in the Southeast Desert AQMA area, the Coachella 
Valley will still be required to meet the NAAQS whether we generate 
pollutants or they are transported to our area.
    EPA Response to CVAG Comment #3: As explained in detail in EPA 
Response to SCAQMD Comment 3, EPA does not foresee any impact 
to air quality in Coachella Valley as a result of EPA's actions to 
rescind our 2003 final action, as it pertains to the Morongo 
Reservation, and to revise the boundaries of the Southeast Desert (in 
which Coachella Valley is located) and South Coast to designate the 
Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area for the one-hour 
and 1997 eight-hour ozone standards. Please see EPA Response to SCAQMD 
Comment 3, above.
    CVAG Comment #4: The Coachella Valley has spent decades and 
millions of dollars striving to achieve attainment for the 
PM10 NAAQS and we have been patiently awaiting redesignation 
of the valley for the federal PM10 standard. A separate air 
quality planning area may adversely impact our efforts.
    EPA Response to CVAG Comment #4: EPA's actions affect designations 
and classifications for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standards. Our actions do not affect designations or classifications 
associated with any other NAAQS. Moreover, elevated PM10 
levels in Coachella Valley, unlike the South Coast where 
PM10 exceedances are due primarily to PM10 
precursor pollutants (derived from direct emissions of VOC, 
NOX and other precursors), are ``strongly tied to local 
fugitive dust problems.'' \13\ Thus, we have no reason to anticipate 
new or more frequent exceedances of the PM10 standard in the 
Coachella Valley due to the hypothetical increases in precursor VOC and 
NOX emissions from construction and operation of new or 
modified stationary sources on Morongo lands with PTEs between 10 and 
25 tons per year.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ See page 8-10 of the 2003 South Coast Air Quality 
Management Plan, August 2003. EPA approved the 2003 Coachella Valley 
PM10 SIP on November 14, 2005 (70 FR 69081.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    CVAG Comment #5: In addition to the EPA's proposed action, CVAG 
also does not want EPA to consider any reversal of its previous 
decision which moved the Morongo Reservation from the Southeast Desert 
AQMA to the South Coast Air Basin. Such a reversal would again 
adversely impact our efforts to attain our federal air quality 
standards. Since the Morongo Reservation experiences more severe ozone 
air quality than the Coachella Valley, it needs to stay in the South 
Coast Air Basin. Designations should not be made based on adverse 
regulatory consequences on the affected constituent. Rather, 
designations should be based on ambient air quality.
    EPA Response to CVAG Comment #5: In our proposed rule, we proposed 
to rescind the 2003 final action, as it pertains to the Morongo 
Reservation for the one-hour ozone standard, and to revise the 
boundaries of the Southeast Desert (Coachella Valley) and South Coast 
to designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area 
for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone standards. Our actions would 
not affect the designations or classifications of state lands, nor 
would they relocate the Morongo Reservation back to the Southeast 
Desert where it had been located prior to our 2003 final action. Thus, 
the ambient ozone conditions experienced on the Morongo Reservation 
would not be relevant in determining whether the Coachella Valley 
attained, or failed to attain, the ozone standards because only data 
from

[[Page 58196]]

monitors located within Coachella Valley would be used for that 
purpose. In terms of the Coachella Valley's potential emissions impacts 
on Morongo lands, the predominantly westerly wind patterns place 
Coachella Valley downwind of Morongo lands and thus Coachella Valley 
sources do not significantly impact Morongo ozone air quality. For 
additional details, please see page 6 of the technical support 
document. With respect to the basis for our proposed error correction 
and proposed revision to the boundaries, please see EPA Response to 
SCAQMD Comment 1, above.
    CVAG Comment #6: EPA does not have sufficient resources to ensure 
ongoing compliance on Indian lands or adequate field enforcement staff 
to monitor any new air quality planning area.
    EPA Response to CVAG Comment #6: EPA's compliance and enforcement 
program extends to sources subject to EPA permitting jurisdiction, and 
to oversight of sources subject to the permitting jurisdiction of 
states, air districts, and tribes (where tribes have authority to issue 
such permits). The hypothetical prospect of new or modified stationary 
sources at the Morongo Reservation, whether permitted by EPA or by the 
Morongo Tribe (if and when approved for such permits), will have 
essentially no effect on the scope of EPA's nationwide compliance and 
enforcement program and thus essentially no effect on the resources 
needed to adequately meet the demands of that program. Moreover, CVAG 
provides no evidence that EPA resources are inadequate at the present 
time to address compliance or enforcement issues associated with 
emissions sources on the Morongo Reservation nor does CVAG explain how 
our proposed actions will result in an increase in compliance or 
enforcement costs to EPA.
    Private Citizen Comment #1: The private citizen expresses support 
for SCAQMD's and CVAG's comments on the proposed rule, and adds that 
the proposed air quality planning area would be small, would be 
dominated by a single entity that controls its own development process, 
and has major air quality impacts in all directions affecting large 
populations. Further, the private citizen speculates that, in contrast 
to the current proposal, an air quality planning area dominated by a 
single corporation, rather than a single Tribe, would never be 
proposed.
    EPA Response to Private Citizen Comment #1: Please see responses 
above to comments from SCAQMD and CVAG. With respect to the size of the 
proposed area and impacts to surrounding areas, the proposed rule takes 
into account the minimal amount of emissions associated with activities 
on the Morongo Reservation and corresponding minimal contribution to 
regional ozone violations and we believe that in these circumstances it 
is appropriate to assign particular weight to the jurisdictional 
boundaries factor, and it is consistent with the principles for 
designations of Indian country set forth in the Tribal Designation 
Policy. See page 56 of the January 2, 2013 proposed rule. Lastly, we 
find the analogy to a corporation to be inapposite due to the fact that 
Tribes, unlike corporations, are sovereign entities and therefore have 
inherent authority to control their own development process, much like 
states do.

III. Final Action

    Under CAA section 110(k)(6), EPA is taking final action to correct 
an error in a 2003 final action that revised the boundaries between 
nonattainment areas in Southern California designated under the CAA for 
the one-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA has determined that the Agency erred in 
the 2003 final action to change the boundary of the South Coast Air 
Basin, which enlarged the basin to include all of the Banning Pass 
area. In taking that action, EPA failed to consider the presence of 
Indian country (i.e., the Morongo Reservation) located therein. EPA 
thus failed to consider the status of the Indian country under the 
appropriate statutory and regulatory provisions when it evaluated and 
acted upon the State's boundary change request. EPA believes that its 
error resulted in regulatory consequences for the Morongo Tribe that 
justify making a correction. Thus, EPA is rescinding the 2003 final 
action, as it pertains to the Morongo Reservation for the one-hour 
ozone standard. This action does not affect the designations and 
classifications of state lands.
    Second, under CAA sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 301(a) and 301(d), EPA 
is taking final action to revise the boundaries of the Southeast Desert 
to designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area 
for the one-hour ozone standard and to classify the Morongo Reservation 
as ``Severe-17,'' i.e., consistent with its prior classification when 
it was included in the Southeast Desert.
    Third, also under CAA sections 107(d)(3)(A)-(C), 301(a) and 301(d), 
EPA is taking final action to revise the boundaries of the South Coast 
to designate the Morongo Reservation as a separate nonattainment area 
for the 1997 eight-hour ozone standard and to classify the Morongo 
Reservation as ``Severe-17,'' i.e., consistent with its original 
classification when it was included in the South Coast.\14\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ In our proposed rule (footnote 8 at 78 FR 53), we 
indicated that if we finalize our proposed action to revise the 
boundaries of the South Coast to designate the Morongo Reservation 
as a separate nonattainment area for the 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standard, EPA would withdraw our proposed action to reclassify the 
Morongo Reservation to ``extreme'' for the 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standard (74 FR 43654, August 27, 2009). (In 2010, we deferred final 
reclassification with respect to the Morongo Reservation (and the 
Pechanga Reservation) when we took final action to reclassify the 
South Coast for the 1997 eight-hour ozone standard (75 FR 24409, May 
5, 2010).) Given today's final action and consistent with our 
statement from the proposed rule, EPA is withdrawing our 2009 
proposed reclassification action to the extent it relates to the 
Morongo Reservation in the Proposed Rules section of this Federal 
Register.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    EPA is redesignating the Morongo Reservation as a separate air 
quality planning area for the one-hour ozone and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standards based on our conclusion that factors such as air quality 
data, meteorology, and topography do not definitively support inclusion 
of the Reservation in either the South Coast or the Southeast Desert 
air quality planning areas, that Morongo Reservation emissions sources 
contribute minimally to regional ozone concentrations, and that the 
jurisdictional boundaries factor should be given particular weight 
under these circumstances.
    As a result of these final actions, the boundaries of the Morongo 
nonattainment areas for the one-hour and 1997 eight-hour ozone 
standards will be the same as those for the Morongo nonattainment area 
for the 2008 ozone standard. Lastly, as of the effective date of this 
action, new or modified stationary sources proposed for construction on 
the Morongo Reservation will be subject to the NSR major source 
thresholds for ``severe-17'' ozone nonattainment areas, rather than the 
more stringent thresholds for ``extreme'' ozone nonattainment areas.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review

    Under Executive Order 12866 [58 FR 51735 (October 4, 1993)], the 
Agency must determine whether the regulatory action is ``significant'' 
and therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of the 
Executive Order. The Order defines ``significant regulatory action'' as 
one that is likely to result in a rule that may: (1) Have an annual 
effect on the economy of $100 million or more or adversely affect in a

[[Page 58197]]

material way the economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, 
competition, jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or state, 
local, or tribal governments or communities; (2) create a serious 
inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by 
another agency; (3) materially alter the budgetary impact of 
entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and 
obligations of recipients thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy 
issues arising out of legal mandates, the President's priorities, or 
the principles set forth in the Executive Order. Under Executive Order 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), this action is not a 
``significant regulatory action'' and therefore is not subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget. For this reason, this 
action is also not subject to Executive Order 13211, ``Actions 
Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, 
Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). This action merely 
corrects an error in a previous rulemaking and redesignates certain air 
quality planning area boundaries, and thereby reinstates certain CAA 
designations and corresponding requirements to which the affected area 
had previously been subject.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This action does not impose an information collection burden under 
the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. 
Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by 
persons to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or provide 
information to or for a Federal agency. This includes the time needed 
to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize 
technology and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and 
verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and 
disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing ways to 
comply with any previously applicable instructions and requirements; 
train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; 
search data sources; complete and review the collection of information; 
and transmit or otherwise disclose the information. This rule does not 
impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). An agency may 
not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a 
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB 
control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's regulations in 40 CFR 
are listed in 40 CFR part 9.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency 
to prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to 
notice and comment rulemaking requirements under the Administrative 
Procedure Act or any other statute unless the agency certifies that 
this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities. Small entities include small businesses, 
small organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions.
    For purposes of assessing the impacts of today's rule on small 
entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A small business as defined 
by the Small Business Administration's (SBA) regulations at 13 CFR 
121.201; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government of 
a city, county, town, school district or special district with a 
population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is 
any not-for-profit enterprise which is independently owned and operated 
and is not dominant in its field. After considering the economic 
impacts of today's rule on small entities, I certify that this action 
will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of 
small entities. This rule will not impose any direct requirements on 
small entities. EPA is correcting an error in a previous rulemaking and 
redesignating certain air quality planning area boundaries, and thereby 
reinstating certain CAA designations and corresponding requirements to 
which the affected area had previously been subject. This action is 
intended to, among other purposes, facilitate and support the Morongo 
Tribe's efforts to develop a tribal air permit program by re-instating, 
within the Morongo Reservation, the less-stringent New Source Review 
major source thresholds that had applied under the area's previous 
``Severe-17'' classification for the one-hour ozone standard and by 
aligning the boundaries for the Morongo nonattainment area for all 
three ozone NAAQS (i.e., the one-hour, the 1997 eight-hour and the 2008 
ozone standards).

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public 
Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the 
effects of their regulatory actions on state, local, and tribal 
governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, EPA 
generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-benefit 
analysis, for proposed and final rules with ``Federal mandates'' that 
may result in expenditures to state, local, and tribal governments, in 
the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 million or more in any 
one year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for which a written statement 
is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally requires EPA to identify 
and consider a reasonable number of regulatory alternatives and adopt 
the least costly, most cost-effective or least burdensome alternative 
that achieves the objectives of the rule. The provisions of section 205 
do not apply when they are inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover, 
section 205 allows EPA to adopt an alternative other than the least 
costly, most cost-effective or least burdensome alternative if the 
Administrator publishes with the final rule an explanation why that 
alternative was not adopted. Before EPA establishes any regulatory 
requirements that may significantly or uniquely affect small 
governments, including tribal governments, it must have developed under 
section 203 of the UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan must 
provide for notifying potentially affected small governments, enabling 
officials of affected small governments to have meaningful and timely 
input in the development of EPA regulatory proposals with significant 
Federal intergovernmental mandates, and informing, educating, and 
advising small governments on compliance with the regulatory 
requirements. Today's rule contains no Federal mandates (under the 
regulatory provisions of Title II of the UMRA) for state, local, or 
tribal governments or the private sector. The rule imposes no 
enforceable duty on any state, local or tribal governments or the 
private sector. In any event, EPA has determined that this rule does 
not contain a Federal mandate that may result in expenditures of $100 
million or more for state, local, and tribal governments, in the 
aggregate, or the private sector in any one year. Thus, today's rule is 
not subject to the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, August 
10, 1999), requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure 
``meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the 
development of regulatory policies that have federalism implications.'' 
``Policies that have federalism implications'' is defined in the 
Executive Order to include regulations that have ``substantial direct 
effects on the States, on the relationship

[[Page 58198]]

between the national government and the States, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.'' 
This action does not have Federalism implications because it does not 
have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship 
between the national government and the states, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, 
as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). 
This action would merely correct an error in a previous rulemaking and 
redesignate certain air quality planning area boundaries, and thereby 
reinstate certain CAA designations and corresponding requirements to 
which the affected area had previously been subject, and does not alter 
the relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities 
established in the Clean Air Act.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    Executive Order 13175, entitled ``Consultation and Coordination 
with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), 
requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful 
and timely input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory 
policies that have tribal implications.'' ``Policies that have tribal 
implications'' are defined in the Executive Order to include 
regulations that have ``substantial direct effects on one or more 
Indian tribes, on the relationship between the federal government and 
the Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities 
between the federal government and Indian tribes.'' Under section 5(b) 
of Executive Order 13175, EPA may not issue a regulation that has 
tribal implications, that imposes substantial direct compliance costs, 
and that is not required by statute, unless the federal government 
provides the funds necessary to pay the direct compliance costs 
incurred by tribal governments, or EPA consults with tribal officials 
early in the process of developing the proposed regulation. Under 
section 5(c) of Executive Order 13175, EPA may not issue a regulation 
that has tribal implications and that preempts tribal law, unless the 
Agency consults with tribal officials early in the process of 
developing the proposed regulation.
    EPA has concluded that this action would have tribal implications. 
In 2009, the Morongo Tribe requested that EPA create a separate area 
for the Morongo Reservation in part due to the adverse regulatory 
impacts resulting from the Agency's 2003 boundary change action. EPA 
consulted with representatives of the Morongo Tribe prior to, and 
following, the Tribe's 2009 boundary change request, concerning the 
issues covered herein. In today's action, EPA is responding to the 
Tribe's 2009 boundary change request and is taking final action that 
would eliminate the adverse regulatory impacts arising from EPA's 2003 
boundary change action. As described herein, we agree with the Tribe 
that the boundary should be corrected to reflect their concerns. This 
action will neither impose substantial direct compliance costs on 
tribal governments, nor preempt tribal law. Rather, the proposed action 
would relieve the Tribe of the additional requirements that flowed from 
the boundary change and corresponding change in CAA designations and 
classifications. Thus, the requirements of sections 5(b) and 5(c) of 
the Executive Order do not apply to this rule.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health and Safety Risks

    Executive Order 13045: ``Protection of Children from Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) applies 
to any rule that: (1) is determined to be ``economically significant'' 
as defined under Executive Order 12866, and (2) concerns an 
environmental health or safety risk that EPA has reason to believe may 
have a disproportionate effect on children. If the regulatory action 
meets both criteria, the Agency must evaluate the environmental health 
or safety effects of the planned rule on children, and explain why the 
planned regulation is preferable to other potentially effective and 
reasonably feasible alternatives considered by the Agency. This rule is 
not subject to Executive Order 13045 ``Protection of Children from 
Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 
1997), because it is not economically significant as defined in 
Executive Order 12866, and because the Agency does not have reason to 
believe the environmental health or safety risks addressed by this rule 
present a disproportionate risk to children.

H. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act

    Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act of 1995 (``NTTAA''), Public Law 104-113, 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note) 
directs EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in its regulatory 
activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with applicable law or 
otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical 
standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods, sampling 
procedures, and business practices) that are developed or adopted by 
voluntary consensus standards bodies. The NTTAA directs EPA to provide 
Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency decides not to use 
available and applicable voluntary consensus standards. This rule does 
not involve establishment of technical standards, and thus, the 
requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and 
Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply to this 
action.

I. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629 (February 16, 1994)) establishes 
federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision 
directs federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and 
permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission 
by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high 
and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs, 
policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income 
populations in the United States.
    EPA has determined that this action will not have 
disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects on minority or low-income populations because it does not 
directly affect the level of protection provided to human health or the 
environment. In this action, EPA is taking final action to correct an 
error in a previous rulemaking and redesignate certain air quality 
planning area boundaries, and thereby reinstate certain CAA 
designations and corresponding requirements to which the affected area 
had previously been subject.

J. Congressional Review Act

    The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally 
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating 
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, 
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the 
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other 
required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of 
Representatives, and

[[Page 58199]]

the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of 
the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot take effect until 
60 days after it is published in the Federal Register. This action is 
not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

K. Petitions for Review of this Action

    Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act, petitions for 
judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court 
of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by November 22, 2013. Filing a 
petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule 
does not affect the finality of this rule for the purposes of judicial 
review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial 
review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such 
rule or action. This action may not be challenged later in proceedings 
to enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).)

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 81

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental 
relations, National parks, Ozone, Wilderness areas.

    Dated: September 4, 2013.
Jared Blumenfeld,
Regional Administrator,
    Region IX.

    40 CFR part 81 is amended as follows:

PART 81--DESIGNATION OF AREAS FOR AIR QUALITY PLANNING PURPOSES

0
1. The authority citation for part 81 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart C--[AMENDED]

0
2. Section 81.305 is amended as follows:
0
a. In the table for ``California-Ozone (1-Hour Standard)'' by revising 
the entry for ``Los Angeles-South Coast Air Basin Area'', by adding a 
new entry for ``Morongo Band of Mission Indians'' before the ``Monterey 
Bay Area'' entry, and by adding footnotes 5 and 6;
0
b. In the table for ``California--1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Primary and 
Secondary)'' by revising the entries for ``Los Angeles-South Coast Air 
Basin, CA'', by adding a new entry for ``Morongo Band of Mission 
Indians'' before the ``Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties (Western 
Mojave Desert), CA'' entry, and by adding footnotes (d) and (e).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Sec.  81.305  California.

* * * * *

                                     California--Ozone (1-Hour Standard) \4\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              Designation                            Classification
        Designated area         --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Date \1\             Type             Date \1\               Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Los Angeles-South Coast Air         11/15/90  Nonattainment..........     11/15/90  Extreme.
 Basin Area \5\.
    Los Angeles County (part)..     11/15/90  Nonattainment..........     11/15/90  Extreme.
        That portion of Los
         Angeles County which
         lies south and west of
         a line described as
         follows:
        1. Beginning at the Los
         Angeles-San Bernardino
         County boundary and
         running west along the
         Township line common
         to Township 3 North
         and Township 2 North,
         San Bernardino Base
         and Meridian;
        2. then north along the
         range line common to
         Range 8 West and Range
         9 West;
        3. then west along the
         Township line common
         to Township 4 North
         and Township 3 North;
        4. then north along the
         range line common to
         Range 12 West and
         Range 13 West to the
         southeast corner of
         Section 12, Township 5
         North and Range 13
         West;
        5. then west along the
         south boundaries of
         Sections 12, 11, 10,
         9, 8, and 7, Township
         5 North and Range 13
         West to the boundary
         of the Angeles
         National Forest which
         is collinear with the
         range line common to
         Range 13 West and
         Range 14 West;
        6. then north and west
         along the Angeles
         National Forest
         boundary to the point
         of intersection with
         the Township line
         common to Township 7
         North and Township 6
         North (point is at the
         northwest corner of
         Section 4 in Township
         6 North and Range 14
         West);
        7. then west along the
         Township line common
         to Township 7 North
         and Township 6 North;
        8. then north along the
         range line common to
         Range 15 West and
         Range 16 West to the
         southeast corner of
         Section 13, Township 7
         North and Range 16
         West;
        9. then along the south
         boundaries of Sections
         13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
         and 18, Township 7
         North and Range 16
         West;
        10. then north along
         the range line common
         to Range 16 West and
         Range 17 West to the
         north boundary of the
         Angeles National
         Forest (collinear with
         the Township line
         common to Township 8
         North and Township 7
         North);

[[Page 58200]]

 
        11. then west and north
         along the Angeles
         National Forest
         boundary to the point
         of intersection with
         the south boundary of
         the Rancho La Liebre
         Land Grant;
        12. then west and north
         along this land grant
         boundary to the Los
         Angeles-Kern County
         boundary.
    Orange County..............     11/15/90  Nonattainment..........     11/15/90  Extreme.
    Riverside County (part)....     11/15/90  Nonattainment..........     11/15/90  Extreme.
        That portion of
         Riverside County which
         lies to the west of a
         line described as
         follows:
        1. Beginning at the
         Riverside-San Diego
         County boundary and
         running north along
         the range line common
         to Range 4 East and
         Range 3 East, San
         Bernardino Base and
         Meridian;
        2. then east along the
         Township line common
         to Township 8 South
         and Township 7 South;
        3. then north along the
         range line common to
         Range 5 East and Range
         4 East;
        4. then west along the
         Township line common
         to Township 6 South
         and Township 7 South
         to the southwest
         corner of Section 34,
         Township 6 South,
         Range 4 East;
        5. then north along the
         west boundaries of
         Sections 34, 27, 22,
         15, 10, and 3,
         Township 6 South,
         Range 4 East;
        6. then west along the
         Township line common
         to Township 5 South
         and Township 6 South;
        7. then north along the
         range line common to
         Range 4 East and Range
         3 East;
        8. then west along the
         south boundaries of
         Sections 13, 14, 15,
         16, 17, and 18,
         Township 5 South,
         Range 3 East;
        9. then north along the
         range line common to
         Range 2 East and Range
         3 East to the
         Riverside-San
         Bernardino County
         line.
    San Bernardino County           11/15/90  Nonattainment..........     11/15/90  Extreme.
     (part).
        That portion of San
         Bernardino County
         which lies south and
         west of a line
         described as follows:
        1. Beginning at the San
         Bernardino-Riverside
         County boundary and
         running north along
         the range line common
         to Range 3 East and
         Range 2 East, San
         Bernardino Base and
         Meridian;
        2. then west along the
         Township line common
         to Township 3 North
         and Township 2 North
         to the San Bernardino-
         Los Angeles County
         boundary.
Morongo Band of Mission Indians     11/15/90  Nonattainment..........     11/15/90  Severe-17.
 \6\.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ This date is October 18, 2000 unless otherwise noted.
 * * * * * * *
\4\ The 1-hour ozone standard is revoked effective June 15, 2005 for all areas in California. The Monterey Bay,
  San Diego, and Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc areas are maintenance areas for the 1-hour NAAQS for purposes
  of 40 CFR part 51, subpart X.
\5\ Excludes Morongo Band of Mission Indians' Indian country in Riverside County.
\6\ Includes Indian country of the tribe listed in this table. Information pertaining to areas of Indian country
  in this table is intended for CAA planning purposes only and is not an EPA determination of Indian country
  status or any Indian country boundary. EPA lacks the authority to establish Indian country land status, and is
  making no determination of Indian country boundaries, in this table.

* * * * *

                                               California--1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Primary and Secondary)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Designation \a\                                     Classification
Designated -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   area                      Date \1\                      Type                  Date \1\                  Type
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                                      * * * * * * *
       Los  .........................................  Nonattainme  (\2\)............................   Subpart 2/
 Angeles--                                                      nt                                        Extreme.
      South
  Coast Air
     Basin,
    CA: \d\
    Los     .........................................  Nonattainme  (\2\)............................   Subpart 2/
     Angel                                                      nt                                        Extreme.
     es
     Count
     y
     (part
     ).

[[Page 58201]]

 
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         R
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    Orange  .........................................  Nonattainme  (\2\)............................   Subpart 2/
     Count                                                      nt                                        Extreme.
     y.
    Rivers  .........................................  Nonattainme  (\2\)............................   Subpart 2/
     ide                                                        nt                                        Extreme.
     Count
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         l
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         n
         e
         .
        Pe  .........................................  Nonattainme  (\2\)............................   Subpart 2/
         c                                                      nt                                      Severe-17.
         h
         a
         n
         g
         a
         R
         e
         s
         e
         r
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         t
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         \
         c
         \.
    San     .........................................  Nonattainme  (\2\)............................   Subpart 2/
     Berna                                                      nt                                        Extreme.
     rdino
     Count
     y
     (part
     ).
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         a
         t
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         n
         ;
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         h
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         e
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         t
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         l
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         T
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         p
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         h
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         p
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         L
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         n
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         l
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         s
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         o
         u
         n
         t
         y
         b
         o
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         n
         d
         a
         r
         y
         .
   Morongo  .........................................  Nonattainme  .................................   Subpart 2/
    Band of                                                     nt                                      Severe-17.
    Mission
    Indians
        \e\
 
                                                                      * * * * * * *
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Includes Indian Country located in each county or area, except as otherwise specified.
 * * * * * * *
\c\ The use of reservation boundaries for this designation is for purposes of CAA planning only and is not intended to be a federal determination of the
  exact boundaries of the reservations. Nor does the specific listing of the Tribes in this table confer, deny, or withdraw Federal recognition of any
  of the Tribes listed or not listed.
\d\ Excludes Morongo Band of Mission Indians' Indian country in Riverside County.
\e\ Includes Indian country of the tribe listed in this table. Information pertaining to areas of Indian country in this table is intended for CAA
  planning purposes only and is not an EPA determination of Indian country status or any Indian country boundary. EPA lacks the authority to establish
  Indian country land status, and is making no determination of Indian country boundaries, in this table.
\1\ This date is June 15, 2004, unless otherwise noted.
\2\ This date is June 4, 2010.

[[Page 58202]]

* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2013-22873 Filed 9-20-13; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P