Document ID: EPA-R08-OAR-2009-0809-0001
Agency: epa
Document Type: Proposed Rule
Title: Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plan Revisions: Colorado; Infrastructure Requirements for the 1997 8-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Posted Date: 2011-05-18T04:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 96 (Wednesday, May 18, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 28707-28715]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-12213]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R08-OAR-2009-0809; FRL-9307-6]

Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plan Revisions; 
Infrastructure Requirements for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient 
Air Quality Standards; Colorado

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve and conditionally approve the 
State Implementation Plan (SIP) submission from the State of Colorado 
to demonstrate that the SIP meets the requirements of Sections 
110(a)(1) and (2) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) for the National Ambient 
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) promulgated for ozone on July 18, 1997. 
Section 110(a)(1) of the CAA requires that each state, after a new or 
revised NAAQS is promulgated, review their SIPs to ensure that they 
meet the requirements of the ``infrastructure elements'' of section 
110(a)(2). The State of Colorado submitted a certification of their 
infrastructure SIP for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, dated January 7, 2008 
which was determined to be complete on March 27, 2008 (73 FR 16205).
    EPA does not propose to act on the State's January 7, 2008 
submission to meet the requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) of the 
CAA, relating to interstate transport of air pollution, for the 1997 
ozone NAAQS. EPA approved the State's interstate transport SIP 
submission at 75 FR 31306, 75 FR 71029, and 76 FR 22036.

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before June 17, 2011.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R08-
OAR-2009-0809, by one of the following methods:
     http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line 
instructions for submitting comments.
     E-mail: dolan.kathy@epa.gov.
     Fax: (303) 312-6064 (please alert the individual listed in 
the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT if you are faxing comments).
     Mail: Director, Air Program, Environmental Protection 
Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mail Code 8P-AR, 1595 Wynkoop Street, Denver, 
Colorado 80202-1129.
     Hand Delivery: Director, Air Program, Environmental 
Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mail Code 8P-AR, 1595 Wynkoop 
Street, Denver, Colorado 80202-1129. Such deliveries are only accepted 
Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding Federal holidays. 
Special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed 
information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R08-OAR-
2009-0809. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at 
http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you 
consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through http://www.regulations.gov or e-mail. The http://www.regulations.gov Web site 
is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your 
identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of 
your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA, without 
going through http://www.regulations.gov your e-mail address will be 
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is 
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you 
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name 
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any 
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to 
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA 
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid 
the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of 
any defects or viruses. For additional information about EPA's public 
docket visit the EPA Docket Center homepage at http://www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm. For additional instructions on submitting 
comments, go to Section I, General Information, of the SUPPLEMENTARY 
INFORMATION section of this document.
    Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the http://www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
in http://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air Program, 
Environmental

[[Page 28708]]

Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop Street, Denver, 
Colorado 80202-1129. EPA requests that if at all possible, you contact 
the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to 
view the hard copy of the docket. You may view the hard copy of the 
docket Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., excluding Federal 
holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kathy Dolan, Air Program, U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, Mail Code 8P-AR, 1595 
Wynkoop Street, Denver, Colorado 80202-1129. 303-312-6142, 
dolan.kathy@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Definitions

    For the purpose of this document, we are giving meaning to certain 
words or initials as follows:
    (i) The words or initials Act or CAA mean or refer to the Clean Air 
Act, unless the context indicates otherwise.
    (ii) The words EPA, we, us or our mean or refer to the United 
States Environmental Protection Agency.
    (iii) The initials SIP mean or refer to State Implementation Plan.

Table of Contents

I. General Information
II. Background
III. What infrastructure elements are required under sections 
110(a)(1) and (2)?
IV. How did Colorado address the infrastructure elements of sections 
110(a)(1) and (2)?
V. What action is EPA taking?
VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. General Information

What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA?

    1. Submitting Confidential Business Information (CBI). Do not 
submit CBI to EPA through http://www.regulations.gov or e-mail. Clearly 
mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. For 
CBI information on a disk or CD-ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the 
outside of the disk or CD-ROM as CBI and then identify electronically 
within the disk or CD-ROM the specific information that is claimed as 
CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes 
information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain 
the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the 
public docket. Information so marked will not be disclosed except in 
accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
    2. Tips for preparing your comments. When submitting comments, 
remember to:
    Identify the rulemaking by docket number and other identifying 
information (subject heading, Federal Register, date, and page number);
    Follow directions and organize your comments;
    Explain why you agree or disagree;
    Suggest alternatives and substitute language for your requested 
changes;
    Describe any assumptions and provide any technical information and/
or data that you used;
    If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you arrived 
at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be reproduced;
    Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns, and suggest 
alternatives;
    Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of 
profanity or personal threats; and,
    Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period deadline 
identified.

II. Background

    On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated new NAAQS for ozone based on 8-
hour average concentrations. The 8-hour averaging period replaced the 
previous 1-hour averaging period, and the level of the NAAQS was 
changed from 0.12 parts per million (ppm) to 0.08 ppm (62 FR 38856). By 
statute, SIPs meeting the requirements of sections 110(a)(1) and (2) 
are to be submitted by states within three years after promulgation of 
a new or revised standard. Section 110(a)(2) provides basic 
requirements for SIPs, including emissions inventories, monitoring, and 
modeling, to assure attainment and maintenance of the standards. These 
requirements are set out in several ``infrastructure elements,'' listed 
in section 110(a)(2).
    Section 110(a) imposes the obligation upon states to make a SIP 
submission to EPA for a new or revised NAAQS, and the contents of that 
submission may vary depending upon the facts and circumstances. In 
particular, the data and analytical tools available at the time the 
state develops and submits the SIP for a new or revised NAAQS affects 
the content of the submission. The contents of such SIP submissions may 
also vary depending upon what provisions the state's existing SIP 
already contains. In the case of the 1997 ozone NAAQS, states typically 
have met the basic program elements required in section 110(a)(2) 
through earlier SIP submissions in connection with previous NAAQS. In a 
guidance issued on October 2, 2007, EPA noted that, to the extent an 
existing SIP already meets the section 110(a)(2) requirements, states 
need only to certify that fact via a letter to EPA.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Memorandum from William T. Harnett, Director, Air Quality 
Policy Division, ``Guidance on SIP Elements Required Under Sections 
110(a)(1) and (2) for the 1997 8-hour Ozone and PM2.5 
National Ambient Air Quality Standards'' (Oct. 2, 2007).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On March 27, 2008, EPA published a final rule entitled, 
``Completeness Findings for Section 110(a) State Implementation Plans 
for the 8-hour Ozone NAAQS'' (73 FR 16205). In the rule, EPA made a 
finding for each state that it had submitted or had failed to submit a 
complete SIP that provided the basic program elements of section 
110(a)(2) necessary to implement the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. In 
particular, EPA found that Colorado had submitted a complete SIP to 
meet these requirements.

III. What infrastructure elements are required under sections 110(a)(1) 
and (2)?

    Section 110(a)(1) provides the procedural and timing requirements 
for SIP submissions after a new or revised NAAQS is promulgated. 
Section 110(a)(2) lists specific elements the SIP must contain or 
satisfy. These infrastructure elements include requirements, such as 
modeling, monitoring, and emissions inventories, that are designed to 
assure attainment and maintenance of the NAAQS. The elements that are 
the subject of this action are listed below.
     110(a)(2)(A): Emission limits and other control measures.
     110(a)(2)(B): Ambient air quality monitoring/data system.
     110(a)(2)(C): Program for enforcement of control measures.
     110(a)(2)(D)(ii): Interstate and international pollution.
     110(a)(2)(E): Adequate resources and authority.
     110(a)(2)(F): Stationary source monitoring and reporting.
     110(a)(2)(G): Emergency powers.
     110(a)(2)(H): Future SIP revisions.
     110(a)(2)(J): Consultation with government officials; 
public notification; and prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) 
and visibility protection.
     110(a)(2)(K): Air quality modeling/data.
     110(a)(2)(L): Permitting fees.
     110(a)(2)(M): Consultation/participation by affected local 
entities.
A detailed discussion of each of these elements is contained in the 
next section.
    Two elements identified in section 110(a)(2) are not governed by 
the three year submission deadline of section

[[Page 28709]]

110(a)(1) and are therefore not addressed in this action. These 
elements relate to part D of Title I of the CAA, and submissions to 
satisfy them are not due within three years after promulgation of a new 
or revised NAAQS, but rather are due at the same time nonattainment 
area plan requirements are due under section 172. The two elements are: 
(i) Section 110(a)(2)(C) to the extent it refers to permit programs 
(known as ``nonattainment new source review (NSR)'') required under 
part D, and (ii) section 110(a)(2)(I), pertaining to the nonattainment 
planning requirements of part D. As a result, this action does not 
address infrastructure elements related to the nonattainment NSR 
portion of section 110(a)(2)(C) or related to 110(a)(2)(I).
    This action also does not address the ``interstate transport'' 
requirements of element 110(a)(2)(D)(i). EPA approved portions of the 
State's 110(a)(2)(D)(i) interstate transport SIP for the 1997 ozone 
NAAQS in separate actions (75 FR 31306; 75 FR 71029; 76 FR 22036), and 
has proposed approval of the remaining portion to meet the requirement 
of 110(a)(2)(D)(i) regarding interference with measures to prevent 
significant deterioration (76 FR 21835).

IV. How did Colorado address the infrastructure elements of sections 
110(a)(1) and (2)?

    1. Emission limits and other control measures: Section 110(a)(2)(A) 
requires SIPs to include enforceable emission limitations and other 
control measures, means, or techniques (including economic incentives 
such as fees, marketable permits, and auctions of emissions rights), as 
well as schedules and timetables for compliance as may be necessary or 
appropriate to meet the applicable requirements of this Act.
    a. Colorado's Response to this requirement: Enforceable emission 
limits and control measures are detailed in the various Colorado Air 
Quality Control Commission (AQCC) regulations for all sources of 
criteria pollutants as well as hazardous air pollutants, volatile 
organic compounds (VOCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), smoke and odors. 
A summary of the regulations is found below under section 110(a)(2)(C).
    b. EPA analysis: Colorado's SIP meets the requirements of CAA 
Section 110(a)(2)(A), subject to the following clarifications. First, 
EPA does not consider SIP requirements triggered by the nonattainment 
area mandates in part D of Title I of the CAA to be governed by the 
submission deadline of section 110(a)(1). Nevertheless, Colorado has 
included some SIP provisions originally submitted in response to part D 
requirements in its certification for the infrastructure requirements 
of section 110(a)(1) and (2). For the purposes of this action, EPA is 
reviewing any rules originally submitted in response to part D 
requirements solely for the purposes of determining whether they 
support a finding that the State has met the basic infrastructure 
requirements of section 110(a)(2). For example, in response to the 
requirement to have enforceable emission limitations under section 
110(a)(2)(A), Colorado cited to rules in Regulation Number 7 that were 
submitted to meet the reasonably available control technology (RACT) 
requirements of part D. EPA is here approving those rules as meeting 
the requirement to have enforceable emission limitations on ozone 
precursors; any judgment about whether those emission limitations 
discharge the State's obligation to impose RACT under part D was or 
will be made separately, in an action reviewing those rules pursuant to 
the requirements of part D.
    Second, in this action, EPA is not proposing to approve or 
disapprove any existing state rules with regard to director's 
discretion or variance provisions. A number of States have such 
provisions which are contrary to the CAA and existing EPA guidance (52 
FR 45109, Nov. 24, 1987), and the Agency plans to take action in the 
future to address such state regulations. In the meantime, EPA 
encourages any State having a director's discretion or variance 
provision which is contrary to the CAA and EPA guidance to take steps 
to correct the deficiency as soon as possible.
    Finally, in this action, EPA is also not proposing to approve or 
disapprove any existing state provisions with regard to excess 
emissions during startup, shutdown, or malfunction (SSM) of operations 
at a facility. A number of states have SSM provisions which are 
contrary to the CAA and existing EPA guidance \2\ and the Agency plans 
to address such state regulations in the future. In the meantime, EPA 
encourages any state having a deficient SSM provision to take steps to 
correct it as soon as possible.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \2\ Steven Herman, Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and 
Compliance Assurance, and Robert Perciasepe, Assistant Administrator 
for Air and Radiation, Memorandum to EPA Air Division Directors, 
``State Implementation Plans (SIPs): Policy Regarding Excess 
Emissions During Malfunctions, Startup, and Shutdown.'' (Sept. 20, 
1999).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2. Ambient air quality monitoring/data system: Section 110(a)(2)(B) 
requires SIPs to provide for establishment and operation of appropriate 
devices, methods, systems, and procedures necessary to (i) monitor, 
compile, and analyze data on ambient air quality, and (ii) upon 
request, make such data available to the Administrator.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: The provisions for 
episodic monitoring, data compilation and reporting, public 
availability of information, and annual network reviews are found in 
the statewide monitoring SIP which was approved by EPA on 7/9/80 (45 FR 
46073) and 8/11/80 (45 FR 53147). The State has since revised the 
monitoring SIP to include all new federal requirements. The revised SIP 
includes a commitment to operate a particulate monitoring network in 
accordance with EPA regulations (40 CFR Part 58.20 and Appendices A 
through G). The AQCC adopted monitoring SIP revisions on 3/18/93. The 
Colorado Air Pollution Control Division periodically submits a Quality 
Management Plan and a Quality Assurance Project Plan to EPA Region 8. 
These plans cover procedures to monitor, analyze, and report data to an 
EPA central database. As such the State of Colorado has an approved 
monitoring SIP, a plan and authority for monitoring, and the ability to 
properly handle all related data.
    b. EPA analysis: Colorado's air monitoring programs and data 
systems meet the requirements of CAA Section 110(a)(2)(B) for the 1997 
ozone NAAQS. The Colorado 2010 Annual Monitoring Network Plan (AMNP) 
was approved by EPA Region 8 on August 26, 2010.
    3. Program for enforcement of control measures: Section 
110(a)(2)(C) requires SIPs to include a program to provide for the 
enforcement of the measures described in subparagraph (A), and 
regulation of the modification and construction of any stationary 
source within the areas covered by the plan as necessary to assure that 
NAAQS are achieved, including a permit program as required in parts C 
and D.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: Colorado has an 
approved SIP regulating the construction and modification of stationary 
sources as necessary to assure that the NAAQS are achieved (Colorado 
Air Quality Control Commission Regulation 3), including a permit 
program as required in Parts C and D of the federal CAA. Colorado has 
an approved SIP which provides for the enforcement of the control 
measures required by CAA Section llO (a)(2)(C).
    Many of the Colorado AQCC Regulations address in some manner the 
programs for enforcement of control measures. Some of these AQCC 
regulations and other relevant Colorado-

[[Page 28710]]

specific programs that are in the SIP are described below:
     Regulation 1, ``Particulates, Smokes, Carbon Monoxide, and 
Sulfur Dioxides''--Regulation 1 sets forth emissions limitations, 
equipment requirements, and work practices (abatement and control 
measures) intended to control the emissions of particulates, smoke and 
sulfur oxides from new and existing stationary sources. Control 
measures specified in this regulation are designed to limit emissions 
into the atmosphere and thereby minimize the ambient concentrations of 
particulates and sulfur dioxides.
     Regulation 3, ``Air Pollution Emission Notices--
Permits''--Regulation 3 provides for a procedural permitting program 
and requires air pollution sources to file Air Pollution Emissions 
Notices (APENs). The regulation also requires that new or modified 
sources of air pollution with certain exemptions-obtain preconstruction 
permits.
     Regulation 4, ``Woodburning Controls''--Regulation 4 
requires new stove and fireplace inserts meet the federal certification 
requirements in specified areas of Colorado.
     Regulation 7, ``Volatile Organic Compounds Control''--
Regulation 7 controls the emissions of volatile organic compounds, 
primarily in the Denver-metro area. It sets standards and mandates 
controls for specific types of volatile organic compound sources.
     Regulation 10, ``Transportation Conformity''--Regulation 
10 defines the criteria the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission 
uses to evaluate the consistency between state air quality standards/
objectives, and transportation planning and major construction 
activities across the State, as defined in state implementation plans.
     Regulation 11, ``Motor Vehicle Inspection''--Regulation 11 
requires automobile emission inspection and maintenance programs to be 
implemented in specified areas of the State for gasoline-powered on-
road vehicles. These programs apply to businesses, industry, and the 
general public. In addition, the State's Automobile Inspection and 
Readjustment (AIR) program's purpose is to reduce motor vehicle-related 
pollution through the inspection and emissions-related repair of 
automobiles. The program, as defined in Regulation 11, works in 
specific areas of the State and requires motor vehicles to meet 
emission standards through periodic maintenance and/or repair.
     Regulation 13, ``Oxygenated Fuels''--Regulation 13 
addresses the issue of motor vehicle related pollution and requires the 
use of oxygenated fuels in gasoline-powered motor vehicles in 
Colorado's Automobile Inspection and Readjustment program.
     Regulation 16, ``Street Sanding and Sweeping''--Regulation 
16 sets specification standards for street sanding material and street 
sweeping practices in the Automobile Inspection and Readjustment 
program area and Denver-metro particulate attainment/maintenance area.
    b. EPA analysis: To generally meet the requirements of section 
110(a)(2)(C), the State is required to have SIP-approved prevention of 
significant deterioration (PSD), nonattainment New Source Review (NSR), 
and minor NSR permitting programs adequate to implement the 1997 8-hour 
ozone NAAQS. As explained above, in this action EPA is not evaluating 
nonattainment related provisions, such as the nonattainment NSR program 
required by part D of the Act. Also, in this action, EPA is not 
proposing to approve or disapprove any state rules with regard to NSR 
Reform requirements. EPA will act on SIP submittals that are made for 
purposes of addressing NSR Reform through a separate rulemaking 
process. In this action, EPA is evaluating the State's PSD program as 
required by part C of the Act, and the State's minor NSR program as 
required by 110(a)(2)(C).
    Colorado has a SIP-approved PSD program that meets the general 
requirements of part C of the Act (51 FR 31125). Below, EPA considers 
requirements for the PSD program specific to the 1997 ozone NAAQS, but 
first considers the effects of recent rules regulating greenhouse gases 
on Colorado's PSD program.

Greenhouse Gas Regulation

    EPA notes a potential inconsistency between Colorado's January 7, 
2008 infrastructure SIP certification and EPA's recently promulgated 
rule, ``Limitation of Approval of Prevention of Significant 
Deterioration Provisions Concerning Greenhouse Gas Emitting-Sources in 
State Implementation Plans'' (``PSD SIP Narrowing Rule''), 75 FR 82536 
(Dec. 30, 2010). In the PSD SIP Narrowing Rule, EPA withdrew its 
previous approval of Colorado's PSD program to the extent that it 
applied PSD permitting to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increases from 
GHG-emitting sources below thresholds set in EPA's June 3, 2010 
``Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V Greenhouse Gas 
Tailoring Rule'' (``Tailoring Rule''), 75 FR 31514. EPA withdrew its 
approval on the basis that the State lacked sufficient resources to 
issue PSD permits to such sources at the statutory thresholds in effect 
in the previously-approved PSD program. After the PSD SIP Narrowing 
Rule, the portion of Colorado's PSD SIP from which EPA withdrew its 
approval had the status of having been submitted to EPA but not yet 
acted upon. In its January 7, 2008 certification, Colorado relied on 
its PSD program as approved at that date--which was before December 30, 
2010, the effective date of the PSD SIP Narrowing Rule--to satisfy the 
requirements of infrastructure element 110(a)(2)(C). Given EPA's basis 
for the PSD SIP Narrowing Rule, EPA proposes approval of the Colorado 
infrastructure SIP for infrastructure element (C) if either the State 
clarifies (or modifies) its certification to make clear that the State 
relies only on the portion of the PSD program that remains approved 
after the PSD SIP Narrowing Rule issued on December 30, 2010, and for 
which the State has sufficient resources to implement, or the State 
acts to withdraw from EPA consideration the remaining portion of its 
PSD program submission that would have applied PSD permitting to GHG 
sources below the Tailoring Rule thresholds. In the alternative, if 
Colorado does not take either action, EPA proposes to disapprove the 
infrastructure SIP to the extent it incorporates that portion of the 
previously-approved PSD program from which EPA withdrew its approval in 
the PSD SIP Narrowing Rule, which is the portion which would have 
applied PSD permitting requirements to GHG emissions increases from 
GHG-emitting sources below the Tailoring Rule thresholds. Such 
disapproval, if finalized, would not result in a need for Colorado to 
resubmit a SIP revision, sanctions, or a federal implementation plan 
(FIP).

Regulation of Ozone Precursors

    In order for the State's SIP-approved PSD program to satisfy the 
requirements of section 110(a)(2)(C) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, the 
program must properly regulate ozone precursors. On November 29, 2005, 
EPA promulgated the phase 2 implementation rule for the 1997 ozone 
NAAQS (Phase 2 Rule), which includes requirements for PSD programs to 
treat nitrogen oxides (NOX) as a precursor for ozone (72 FR 
71612). On August 1, 2007, the State submitted to EPA revisions to AQCC 
Regulation No. 3, Part D (PSD) which incorporate EPA's Phase 2 Rule. On 
April 19, 2011, EPA proposed approval of the portions of the August 1, 
2007 revisions which adopt language treating NOX as a 
precursor for ozone (76 FR 21835). We

[[Page 28711]]

anticipate finalizing the approval of the portions in the April 19, 
2011 proposal that satisfy the requirements of the Phase 2 Rule before 
finalizing approval of Colorado's infrastructure SIP. Contingent on 
that approval, Colorado's PSD program meets the requirements of section 
110(a)(2)(C) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.

Minor New Source Review

    The State has a SIP-approved minor NSR program, adopted under 
section 110(a)(2)(C) of the Act, which regulates emissions of ozone and 
its precursors. On April 30, 1981, EPA approved the State's minor NSR 
program for incorporation into the SIP, and there was at the time no 
objection to the provisions of this program (46 FR 24180). Since then, 
the State and EPA have relied on the approved minor NSR program to 
assure that new and modified sources not captured by the major NSR 
permitting programs do not interfere with attainment and maintenance of 
the NAAQS.
    In this action, EPA is proposing to approve Colorado's 
infrastructure SIP for the 1997 ozone NAAQS with respect to the general 
requirement in section 110(a)(2)(C) to include a program in the SIP 
that regulates the modification and construction of any stationary 
source as necessary to assure that the NAAQS are achieved. EPA is not 
proposing to approve or disapprove the State's existing minor NSR 
program itself to the extent that it is inconsistent with EPA's 
regulations governing this program. A number of states may have minor 
NSR provisions that are contrary to the existing EPA regulations for 
this program. EPA intends to work with states to reconcile state minor 
NSR programs with EPA's regulatory provisions for the program. The 
statutory requirements of section 110(a)(2)(C) provide for considerable 
flexibility in designing minor NSR programs, and it may be time to 
revisit the regulatory requirements for this program to give the states 
an appropriate level of flexibility to design a program that meets 
their particular air quality concerns, while assuring reasonable 
consistency across the country in protecting the NAAQS with respect to 
new and modified minor sources.
    4. Interstate transport: Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) requires SIPs to 
contain adequate provisions prohibiting, consistent with the provisions 
of this title, any source or other type of emissions activity within 
the state from emitting any air pollutant in amounts which will (I) 
contribute significantly to nonattainment in, or interfere with 
maintenance by, any other state, with respect to any such national 
primary or secondary ambient air quality standard, or (II) interfere 
with measures required to be included in the applicable implementation 
plan for any other state under part C to prevent significant 
deterioration of air quality or to protect visibility.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: An Interstate Transport 
SIP revision was approved by the AQCC on February 15, 2007 that 
demonstrates pollutants from Colorado, including ozone and 
PM2.5, do not contribute to a NAAQS problem in neighboring 
states. The SIP revision utilized both monitoring data and modeling to 
show that neither ozone nor particulate matter originating in Colorado 
contributes to NAAQS problems outside of Colorado. The SIP revision 
will be forwarded to EPA after review and approval from the Colorado 
Legislature and the Governor's Office.
    Specific issues of interstate transport are addressed within 
Colorado Regulation 3, ``Air Pollution Emission Notices.'' Regulation 
3, Part B, Section IV.C.4 requires the Colorado Air Pollution Control 
Division to notify any state that may be affected by emissions from 
that source or from a modification to that source as related to the 
prevention of significant deterioration. Colorado also has a regulation 
requiring installation of Best Achievable Retrofit Technology (BART) on 
stationary sources if visibility impairment in any Class I Area is 
reasonably attributed to such stationary source (Colorado Air Quality 
Control Commission Regulation 3, Part B.XI.D).
    The AQCC has a directive regarding interstate transport of 
pollutants that prohibits Colorado sources from causing a violation of 
the NAAQS in a neighboring state with reciprocal provisions as found in 
the AQCC Common Provisions, Part 2, Section A (5CCR 1001-2).
    b. EPA Analysis: Colorado did not submit its interstate transport 
SIP to meet the requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) with the 
January 7, 2008 Infrastructure SIP. Colorado has since submitted an 
interstate transport SIP and revisions to EPA for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. 
EPA approved portions of the State's 110(a)(2)(D)(i) interstate 
transport SIP for the 1997 ozone NAAQS in separate actions (75 FR 
31306; 75 FR 71029; 76 FR 22036), and has proposed approval of the 
remaining portion to meet the requirement of 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) 
regarding interference with measures to prevent significant 
deterioration (76 FR 21835). EPA is taking no action relevant to 
section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) in this proposal.
    5. Interstate and international transport provisions: Section 
110(a)(2)(D)(ii) requires that each SIP shall contain adequate 
provisions insuring compliance with applicable requirements of sections 
126 and 115 (relating to interstate and international pollution 
abatement).
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: Colorado did not 
specifically address this requirement, but rather addressed 
110(a)(2)(D) as a whole. See Colorado's response to requirement 
110(a)(2)(D)(i), in particular the State's citation of Regulation 3, 
Part B, Section IV.C.4.
    b. EPA Analysis: Section 126(a) requires notification to affected, 
nearby states of major proposed new (or modified) sources. Sections 
126(b) and (c) pertain to petitions by affected states to the 
Administrator regarding sources violating the ``interstate transport'' 
provisions of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i). Section 115 similarly pertains 
to international transport of air pollution.
    Colorado meets the requirement of section 126(a) through AQCC 
Regulation No. 3 Part B, Section IV.C.4. This provision requires 
notification to states whose lands may be affected by the construction 
or modification of a stationary source. In addition to satisfying the 
requirements of 40 CFR 51.166(q)(2)(iv), the provision meets the 
requirements of section 126(a). Final approval of the AQCC Regulation 
No. 3 Part B, Section IV.C.4 became effective February 20, 1997 (62 FR 
2910).\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\ Colorado has since renumbered AQCC Regulation Number 3, Part 
B.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Colorado has no pending obligations under sections 126(c) or 
115(b); therefore, Colorado's SIP currently meets the requirements of 
those sections. The SIP therefore meets the requirements of 
110(a)(2)(D)(ii) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.
    6. Adequate resources and authority: Section 110(a)(2)(E) requires 
states to provide (i) necessary assurances that the state will have 
adequate personnel, funding, and authority under state law to carry out 
the SIP (and is not prohibited by any provision of federal or state law 
from carrying out the SIP or portion thereof), (ii) requires that the 
state comply with the requirements respecting state boards under 
section 128, and (iii) necessary assurances that, where the state has 
relied on a local or regional government, agency, or instrumentality 
for the implementation of any SIP provision, the state has 
responsibility for ensuring adequate implementation of such SIP 
provision.

[[Page 28712]]

    a. Colorado's response to this requirement:
Personnel, Funding, and Authority
    There are no state or federal provisions prohibiting the 
implementation of any provision of the Colorado SIP. In general, 
Colorado provides the necessary assurances that funding, personnel, and 
authority exist and that the State of Colorado has responsibility for 
implementing local provisions. All of the regulatory provisions in the 
SIP were adopted by the AQCC pursuant to authority delegated to it by 
statute. The AQCC's general authority to adopt the rules and 
regulations necessary to implement the SIP is set out in the Colorado 
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act Section 25-7-105 of the 
Colorado Revised Statutes (C.R.S.). The general authority for the Air 
Pollution Control Division to administer and enforce the program is set 
out at 25-7-111, C.R.S. Additional authority to regulate air pollution 
and implement provisions in the SIP is set out elsewhere in the 
Colorado Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act, Article 7 of Title 
25. In addition, the AQCC and the Division have the authority delegated 
to them in Sections 42-4-301 to 42-4-316, C.R.S. (concerning motor 
vehicle emissions) and 42-4-414 (concerning emissions from diesel-
powered vehicles).
    The AQCC's authority includes the authority to regulate particulate 
emissions, regardless of size (C.R.S. Section 25-7-109 (2)(b)).
    The Colorado Air Pollution Control Division has staff and an annual 
budget to operate its six programs (Stationary Sources, Mobile Sources, 
Indoor Air, Technical Services, Planning and Policy, Administrative 
Services). The Division employs 154 people and has a budget of $16.5 
million for fiscal year 2006-2007.
    Of the total budget, 21 percent was derived from federal grants, 38 
percent from mobile source fees, and 41 percent from stationary source 
fees.
State Boards
    Section 128 of the CAA indicates Colorado's SIP must contain 
requirements that anybody that approves permits or enforcement orders 
under the CAA must have a majority of members who represent the public 
interest and do not derive any significant portion of their income from 
persons subject to permits or enforcement orders.
    The Commission's Air Quality Commission Procedural Rules section 
1.11.0 state that ``The Commission shall have at least a majority of 
members who represent the public interest and do not derive a 
significant portion of their income from persons subject to permits or 
enforcement orders under this article or under the federal act. The 
members of the Commission shall disclose any potential conflicts of 
interest that arise during their terms of membership to the other 
Commissioners in a public meeting of the Commission.''
Relationships With Other Agencies Responsible for Carrying Out State 
Activities
    The Colorado Air Pollution Control Division contracts with local 
governments in two distinct ways:
    1. Colorado grants monies to local health departments to endow them 
as agents of the State to provide inspections of some local stationary 
sources, asbestos abatement jobs, and CFC sources. Some local health 
departments also operate gaseous and particulate monitors under 
contract for the state. These efforts must comply with federal and 
state regulations.
    2. Colorado grants monies to local governments to help pay for 
their support of SIP elements via public and private partnerships, 
education and informational campaigns. Most of these agencies create 
their own work plan that consists of programs they feel will help 
enhance air quality in their communities in accordance with general SIP 
directives.
    Colorado has adopted specific regulations for local attainment/
maintenance areas to assure these areas meet requirements of the SIP. 
These regulations include The Colorado Air Quality Control Commission 
SIP-specific regulations, 5 CCR 1001-20. These regulations provide the 
necessary authority for the Colorado Air Pollution Control Division to 
adequately enforce the provisions of the SIP elements in local 
attainment/maintenance areas.
    b. EPA Analysis: Colorado's SIP meets the requirements of section 
110(a)(2)(E) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. The State cites the Colorado 
Revised Statutes, specifically Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act 
Sections 25-7-105, 25-7-111, 42-4-301 to 42-4-316, 42-4-414 and Article 
7 of Title 25 to demonstrate that the APCD and AQCC have adequate 
authority to carry out Colorado's SIP obligations with respect to the 
1997 ozone NAAQS and revise its SIP as necessary. The State receives 
sections 103 and 105 grant funds through its Performance Partnership 
Grant along with required state matching funds to provide funding 
necessary to carry out Colorado's SIP requirements. Finally, section IV 
of Colorado's Common Provisions contains requirements for members of 
the AQCC to disclose potential conflicts of interest.
    7. Stationary source monitoring system: Section 110(a)(2)(F) 
requires (i) the installation, maintenance, and replacement of 
equipment, and the implementation of other necessary steps, by owners 
or operators of stationary sources to monitor emissions from such 
sources, (ii) period reports on the nature and amounts of emissions and 
emissions-related data from such sources, and (iii) correlation of such 
reports by the state agency with any emission limitations or standards 
established pursuant to the Act, which reports shall be available at 
reasonable times for public inspection.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: Colorado AQCC 
Regulations 1, 3, and 6 address the issue of stationary source 
monitoring. Colorado Regulation 1 sets forth emission limitations, 
equipment requirements and work practices (abatement and control 
measures) intended to control the emissions of particulates, smoke, and 
sulfur dioxides from new and existing stationary sources. Colorado 
Regulation 3 requires stationary sources to report their emissions on a 
regular basis through APENs. This air pollutant inventory program is 
described in the Colorado Pollution Prevention and Control Act Section 
25-7-114.1 (C.R.S.) and in Colorado Regulation 3, Part I.VIII that 
allows for monitoring and record keeping of air pollutants. Colorado 
Regulation 6 sets standards for performance of new stationary sources 
in the state and establishes monitoring system requirements.
    The Colorado Air Pollution Control Division may require owners and 
operators of stationary air pollution sources to install, maintain, and 
use instrumentation to monitor and record emission data as a basis for 
periodic reports to the Division under the Colorado AQCC Common 
Provisions.
    b. EPA Analysis: The regulations cited by Colorado, including APEN 
reporting requirements and requirements in Regulation No. 8. I.VIII, 
meet the requirements of section 110(a)(2)(F) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.
    8. Emergency powers: Section 110(a)(2)(G) requires states to 
provide for authority to address activities causing imminent and 
substantial endangerment to public health, including contingency plans 
to implement the emergency episode provisions in their SIPs.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: The SIP includes 
contingency plans to implement emergency powers similar to Section

[[Page 28713]]

303 of the CAA. Such contingency plans, called Denver Emergency Episode 
Plans, address ozone, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide. The 
Colorado Pollution Prevention and Control Act Sections 25-7-112 and 25-
7-113, which have various sections similar to 42 U.S.C. 7603, generally 
describe Colorado's authority regarding Emergency Episodes. For 
example, 25-7-112 (2) provides the Colorado Air Pollution Control 
Division with authority to implement the Emergency Plan through the 
Governor of Colorado issuing an order in regard to emergency power.
    b. EPA analysis: Colorado Pollution Prevention and Control Act 
Sections 25-7-112 and 25-7-113 provide APCD with general emergency 
authority comparable to that in section 303 of the Act. In addition, 
the Denver Emergency Episode Plan, applicable to the Denver 
metropolitan area, satisfies the requirements of 40 CFR part 51, 
subpart H (See 74 FR 47888). The SIP therefore meets the requirements 
of 110(a)(2)(G) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.
    9. Future SIP revisions: Section 110(a)(2)(H) requires that SIPs 
provide for revision of such plan (i) from time to time as may be 
necessary to take account of revisions of such national primary or 
secondary ambient air quality standard or the availability of improved 
or more expeditious methods of attaining such standard, and (ii), 
except as provided in paragraph 110(a)(3)(C), whenever the 
Administrator finds on the basis of information available to the 
Administrator that the SIP is substantially inadequate to attain the 
NAAQS which it implements or to otherwise comply with any additional 
requirements under this Act.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: The State of Colorado 
has the ability and authority to address and revise the SIP due to 
changes in the NAAQS or due to findings of inadequacies.
    The Colorado AQCC has the authority and the duty to adopt and 
revise a State Implementation Plan as necessary to comply with the 
federal requirements. Colorado Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act 
Section 25-7-105(1)(a)(I) (C.R.S.) directs the Colorado Air Quality 
Control Commission to promulgate rules and regulations as related to a 
comprehensive SIP which will assure attainment and maintenance of the 
NAAQS and which will prevent significant deterioration of air quality 
in the State of Colorado.
    Colorado Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act Section 25-7-109 
(C.R.S.) also gives the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission the 
authority to promulgate emission control regulations.
    b. EPA analysis: Colorado's statutory provision at Colorado Air 
Pollution Prevention and Control Act Section 25-7-105(1)(a)(I) gives 
the AQCC sufficient authority to meet the requirements of 110(a)(2)(H).
    10. Nonattainment Area Plan or Plan Revision under Part D: Section 
110(a)(2)(I) requires that a SIP or SIP revision for an area designated 
as a nonattainment area must meet the applicable requirements of Part D 
of this subchapter (relating to nonattainment areas).
    a. EPA analysis for Section 110(a)(2)(I): As noted above, the 
specific nonattainment area plan requirements of Section 110(a)(2)(I) 
are subject to the timing requirement of section 172, not the timing 
requirement of section 110(a)(1). This element is therefore not 
applicable to this action. EPA will take action on part D attainment 
plans through a separate process.
    11. Consultation with government officials, public notification, 
PSD and visibility protection: Section 110(a)(2)(J) requires that each 
SIP meet the applicable requirements of section 121 of this title 
(relating to consultation), section 127 of this title (relating to 
public notification), and part C of this subchapter (relating to 
prevention of significant deterioration of air quality and visibility 
protection).
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: Engineering and 
meteorological consultation is provided by the State to local agencies. 
The State assists local agencies in planning air management programs 
for their respective areas. Colorado holds public meetings and hearings 
on all SIP revisions in accordance with the AQCC Procedural Rules. 
Public comment is solicited and accepted at Colorado AQCC meetings and 
hearings. Colorado's Transportation Conformity Rule, Regulation 10, 
specifies consultation procedures for SIP revisions in Section IV.F.
    Also, as part of the State of Colorado's Visibility SIP, the 
Colorado Air Pollution Control Division consults with the Federal Land 
Managers as necessary and required.
    b. EPA Analysis: The State has demonstrated that it has the 
authority and rules in place to provide a process of consultation with 
general purpose local governments, designated organizations of elected 
officials of local governments and any Federal Land Manager having 
authority over federal land to which the SIP applies, consistent with 
the requirements of CAA section 121. Furthermore, EPA previously 
approved Colorado's SIP submission to meet the requirements of CAA 
section 127 (45 FR 53147, Aug. 11, 1980).
    Colorado's SIP regulations for its PSD program were federally-
approved and made part of the SIP on September 2, 1986 (51 FR 31125). 
EPA has further evaluated the State's SIP-approved PSD program in this 
proposed action in section IV.3, element 110(a)(2)(C).
    Finally, with regard to the applicable requirements for visibility 
protection, EPA recognizes that states are subject to visibility and 
regional haze program requirements under part C of the act. In the 
event of the establishment of a new NAAQS, however, the visibility and 
regional haze program requirements under part C do not change. Thus we 
find that there is no new visibility obligation ``triggered'' under 
section 110(a)(2)(J) when a new NAAQS becomes effective. In conclusion, 
the Colorado SIP meets the requirements of section 110(a)(2)(J) for the 
1997 ozone NAAQS.
    12. Air quality and modeling/data: Section 110(a)(2)(K) requires 
that each SIP provide for (i) the performance of such air quality 
modeling as the Administrator may prescribe for the purpose of 
predicting the effect on ambient air quality of any emissions of any 
air pollutant for which the Administrator has established a NAAQS, and 
(ii) the submission, upon request, of data related to such air quality 
modeling to the Administrator.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: Colorado has the 
authority and resources to model for criteria pollutants. Air quality 
modeling is done for SIP revisions and for transportation conformity. 
Colorado Regulation 3 (Air Pollution Emissions Notices, Construction 
Permits and Fees, Operating Permits, and Prevention of Significant 
Deterioration) requires stationary sources to predict the effect of air 
pollutants in attainment areas. Regulation 3 also details the State of 
Colorado's program regarding permitting as related to air quality 
modeling and data handling in predicting the effect of emissions of a 
pollutant with an established NAAQS. Regulatory requirements for Air 
Quality Related Values as related to modeling are described within 
Colorado Regulation 3, Part B subsection X and XI. A permit 
modification for purposes of the acid rain portion of a permit shall be 
governed by regulations promulgated under Title IV of the federal act, 
found in 40 CFR part 72 as described under Colorado Regulation 3, Part 
C, subsection X.K.

[[Page 28714]]

    The Modeling, Meteorology, and Emission Inventory Unit within the 
Colorado Air Pollution Control Division performs and reviews air 
quality impact analyses for a variety of programs, including SIP 
revisions, transportation conformity determinations, stationary source 
permitting, environmental impact statements, and hazardous waste site 
studies. The analyses include modeling, meteorological analysis, and 
emission inventory development for mobile sources and area stationary 
sources such as woodburning. The Unit also performs air quality 
forecasting for the Denver-area High Pollution Season, open burning, 
and for special air quality studies. Additional information regarding 
these programs and authority is provided below. Some of these programs 
are found in the SIP. For example, both Colorado AQCC Regulation 4 
(Woodburning) and the Denver PM10 SIP address State air 
quality modeling programs.
    PSD and Increment Consumption: Colorado's PSD program includes a 
requirement that the State periodically assess the adequacy of its plan 
to prevent significant deterioration of air quality. This is presented 
in Regulation 3, Part B, Section VII. In addition, Regulation 3, Part 
A, Section VIII ``Technical Modeling and Monitoring Requirements'' 
states that all estimates of ambient concentrations required under 
Regulation 3 shall be based on the applicable air quality models, data 
bases, and other requirements generally approved by EPA and 
specifically approved by the Division.
    SIP development: Modeling is performed in the development and 
revision of SIPs, as needed, to ensure that specific areas of the state 
will maintain compliance with the NAAQS in light of development and 
increased population and traffic.
    Permits: The primary Colorado regulation for air quality permits is 
Colorado AQCC Regulation No.3. Certain new/modified air pollution 
sources are subject to the regulatory modeling requirements in 
Regulation 3. Regulation 3, Part A, subsection VIII describes 
Colorado's technical modeling and monitoring requirements. Modeling is 
often required to obtain a construction permit. While modeling is not 
required to obtain an operating permit, it may be required if the 
operating permit is modified (in Regulation 3, Part C, subsection X-
Minor Permit Modification Procedures). Operating permits may also be 
subject to modeling if the application is for a combined construction/
operating permit (in Regulation 3, Part C, subsection III.C.12.d).
    b. EPA Analysis: Colorado's SIP meets the requirements of CAA 
Section 110(a)(2)(K) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. In particular, 
Colorado's Regulation 3 Part A.VIII requires estimates of ambient air 
concentrations be based on applicable air quality models approved by 
EPA. Final approval for Regulation 3 Part A.VIII became effective 
February 20, 1997 (62 FR 2910). As a result, the SIP provides for such 
air quality modeling as the Administrator has prescribed.
    13. Permitting fees: Section 110(a)(2)(L) requires SIPs to require 
the owner or operator of each major stationary source to pay to the 
permitting authority, as a condition of any permit required under this 
act, a fee sufficient to cover (i) the reasonable costs of reviewing 
and acting upon any application for such a permit, and (ii) if the 
owner or operator receives a permit for such source, the reasonable 
costs of implementing and enforcing the terms and conditions of any 
such permit (not including any court costs or other costs associated 
with any enforcement action), until such fee requirement is superseded 
with respect to such sources by the Administrator's approval of a fee 
program under title V.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: The State of Colorado 
requires the owner or operator of a major stationary source to pay the 
Colorado Air Pollution Control Division any fee necessary to cover the 
reasonable costs of reviewing and acting upon any permit applications. 
The collection of fees is described in Colorado AQCC Regulation 3. 
Specifically, Regulation 3, Part A.VI describes how each applicant 
required to obtain a permit must pay a fee, including the cost of 
permit review and relevant actions. Also, stationary source owners or 
operators must pay an annual fee based on total emissions. The funds 
are used by the State to administer programs for the control of air 
pollution from stationary sources.
    b. EPA analysis: Colorado's approved title V operating permit 
program meets the requirements of CAA section 111(a)(2)(L) for the 1997 
ozone NAAQS. Final approval of the title V operating permit program 
became effective October 16, 2000 (65 FR 49919). Interim approval of 
Colorado's title V operating permit program became effective February 
23, 1995 (60 FR 4563). As discussed in the proposed interim approval of 
the title V program (59 FR 52123, Oct. 14, 1994), the State 
demonstrated that the fees collected were sufficient to administer the 
program.
    14. Consultation/participation by affected local entities: Section 
110(a)(2)(M) requires states to provide for consultation and 
participation in SIP development by local political subdivisions 
affected by the SIP.
    a. Colorado's response to this requirement: Colorado AQCC 
Regulation 10, ``Transportation Conformity,'' defines the criteria the 
Colorado AQCC uses for transportation conformity determination to 
develop SIP revisions in non-attainment areas.
    Colorado AQCC Regulation 3 also provides for consultation and 
participation by local entities. Local governments receive notice and 
have the opportunity to comment on and participate in construction 
permit review procedures and operating permit application procedures.
    The Colorado AQCC holds a public hearing before adopting any 
regulatory revisions to the SIP. Local political subdivisions may 
participate in the hearing.
    b. EPA Analysis: Colorado's submittal meets the requirements of CAA 
Section 110(a)(2)(M) for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.

V. What action is EPA taking?

    In this action, EPA is proposing to approve in full the following 
section 110(a)(2) infrastructure elements for Colorado for the 1997 
ozone NAAQS: (A), (B), (D)(ii), (E), (F), (G), (H), (J), (K), (L), (M). 
EPA proposes to approve the section 110(a)(2)(C) infrastructure element 
in full for the 1997 ozone NAAQS in the event that Colorado takes one 
of the actions described in the discussion of that element. In the 
alternative, EPA proposes to disapprove the section 110(a)(2)(C) 
element to the extent described and to otherwise approve this element. 
EPA is taking no action on infrastructure elements (D)(i) and (I) for 
the 1997 ozone NAAQS.

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable 
Federal regulations (42 U.S.C 7410(k), 40 CFR 52.02(a)). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
proposed action merely approves some state law as meeting Federal 
requirements and disapproves other state law because it does not meet 
Federal requirements; this proposed action does not impose additional 
requirements beyond those imposed by state law. For that reason, this 
proposed action:

[[Page 28715]]

     Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have Federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);is not an 
economically significant regulatory action based on health or safety 
risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA; and,
     Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).

In addition, this rule does not have Tribal implications as specified 
by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because the 
SIP is not approved to apply in Indian country located in the State, 
and EPA notes that it will not impose substantial direct costs on 
Tribal governments or preempt Tribal law.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, 
Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate 
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur oxides, 
Volatile organic compounds.

    Dated: May 10, 2011.
Carol Rushin,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 8.
[FR Doc. 2011-12213 Filed 5-17-11; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P