Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0637-0010
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2010-03-31T04:00Z

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460      

	OFFICE OF PREVENTION, PESTICIDE

	AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

	

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 MEMORANDUM

Date:  8/13/2009

SUBJECT:  Deltamethrin.  Response to Tolerance Petition for Use on Flax.
   

 

PC Code:  097805 	DP Barcode:  D335134

Decision No. 372353	Registration No.:  264-1007 

Petition Nos.:  6E7140	Regulatory Action:  Section 3 

Risk Assess Type:  Single Chemical Aggregate	Case No.:  None 

TXR No.:  None	CAS No.:  52918-63-5

MRID No.:   46990701 	40 CFR:  180.435

      	

FROM:  	Douglas Dotson, Ph.D., Chemist

		Margarita Collantes, Biologist

		Risk Assessment Branch II

Health Effects Division (7509P)  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 		

		

THROUGH:	Richard Loranger, Ph.D., Senior Scientist

		Christina Swartz, Branch Chief

	Risk Assessment Branch II

Health Effects Division (7509P)

		

TO:		Barbara Madden, RM Team 05

Risk Integration Minor Use and Emergency Response Branch (RIMUERB)

		Registration Division (7505P)

HED has reviewed the Interregional Research Project Number 4 (IR-4)
tolerance petition for the use of the insecticide deltamethrin on flax. 
In support of this petition, IR-4 submitted field trial data for the
proposed use.  IR-4 also submitted use directions which it is proposing
to add to the labels for Decis 0.2EC Insecticide and Decis 1.5EC
Insecticide.  The target pests are armyworms and grasshoppers.  The
proposed maximum single application rate is 0.02 lb ai/A, and the
maximum seasonal application rate is 0.04 lb ai/A.  The re-treatment
interval is 7 days and the PHI is 21 days.  For ground application, a
minimum of 5 gallons of water per acre is to be used.  For aerial
application, a minimum of 2 gallons of water per acre is to be used. 
IR-4 proposed a tolerance of 0.1 ppm for flax, seed and a tolerance of
0.3 ppm for flax, meal.  The submitted residue data are adequate and
support the proposed tolerance (Memo, D338791, W. Drew, 3/4/2008).  

Background

The most recent human health risk assessment for deltamethrin was
completed in 2004 (Memo, D262496, D. Dotson, et. al, 11/15/2004).  At
that time, HED recommended in favor of the establishment of tolerances
for numerous plant and animal commodities.  Since 2004, HED has received
and evaluated a developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) study; in addition,
HED’s approach for retaining, reducing or removing the required 10X
FQPA factor has changed.  Finally, the Part 158 Guidelines for toxicity
testing have been revised and updated.  Therefore, in order to review
the proposed use on flax, HED has re-evaluated the toxicology database
for deltamethrin (Memo, D367616, E. Scollon, 8/11/2009), and has revised
the hazard characterization and endpoint selection for risk assessment
in accordance with current policies.  A single dose and endpoint were
selected for all risk assessment scenarios, based on decreased motor
activity observed in an acute neurotoxicity study conducted in rats. 
The 10X FQPA Safety Factor was retained for infants and children to
account for age-related susceptibility.  A summary table of the
toxicological doses and endpoints is provided in Attachment 1.

The purpose of this memorandum is to provide an updated aggregate risk
assessment that takes into account exposure and risk from existing
deltamethrin uses, including those inside and around homes.  The
proposed use on flax is not expected to have a significant impact on
dietary exposure and risk, but aggregate risks are of concern because of
estimated exposure from existing residential uses.

Dietary Exposure and Risk

In support of the 2004 risk assessment (Memo, D284297, D. Dotson,
11/12/2004), HED performed refined acute and chronic dietary exposure
assessments.  A cancer assessment was not performed because deltamethrin
is considered “not likely to be carcinogenic to humans.”  The acute
and chronic assessments were based on field trial data, percent crop
treated (%CT) estimates, and projected percent crop treated (PPCT)
estimates.  Both empirical and default processing factors were used. 
The closely-related pyrethroid, tralomethrin, breaks down very rapidly
through debromination into deltamethrin.  The acute and chronic analyses
accounted for tralomethrin use.  Percent CT estimates were used for
tralomethrin.  In the previous assessments, residues in drinking water
were not directly included.  At that time, HED was back-calculating
maximum allowable drinking water concentrations (DWLOCs).

In conjunction with the proposed use on flax, HED updated the previous
analyses by incorporating current %CT estimates and by including
estimated drinking water concentrations directly into the dietary
exposure assessments.  As %CT estimates were used in the acute
assessment, HED recommends that the 99.9th percentile of exposure be
used for regulation.

Acute Dietary Exposure and Risk:

For the general U.S. population and the following population subgroups,
the risk estimates are 9% or less of the acute population adjusted dose
(aPAD) of 0.01 mg/kg/day:  youth 13-19, adults 20-49, adults 50+, and
females 13-49.  For the following subgroups, risk estimates ranged from
105-143% of the aPAD of 0.001 mg/kg/day and therefore exceed HED’s
level of concern:  all infants (105% aPAD), children 1-2 (134% aPAD),
children 3-5 (143% aPAD) and children 6-12 (107% aPAD).  These risk
estimates could be further refined through the use of monitoring data.

Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk:

The same endpoints were selected for the chronic assessment as were
selected for the acute assessment.  The PAD is 0.01 mg/kg/day for
population subgroups that include adults, and 0.001 mg/kg/day for
population subgroups that are comprised solely of infants and children
less than 13 years of age.  The dietary (food + drinking water) risk
estimates of the general U.S. population and all population subgroups
are below HED’s level of concern.  The most highly exposed population
subgroup, Children 1-2 years old, uses 11% of the chronic PAD.  The
chronic dietary exposure estimates have been refined in order to allow
for additional exposure from residential sources and to conduct the most
refined aggregate exposure and risk assessment possible.  Although the
%cPAD value for Children 1-2 is 11%, the exposure estimate is very low,
only 0.00011 mg/kg/day.  If necessary, further refinement could be
accomplished through the use of monitoring data.  The results of the
dietary exposure assessments are given in Table 1, below.

Table 1.  Summary of Acute and Chronic (Non-Cancer) Dietary Exposure and
Risk for Deltamethrin

(Food and Drinking Water)

Population Subgroup	Acute Dietary

(99.9th Percentile)	Chronic Dietary

	Dietary Exposure (mg/kg/day)	% aPAD	Dietary Exposure

(mg/kg/day)	% cPAD

General U.S. Population	0.000873	8.7	0.000048	<1

All Infants (< 1 year old)	0.001054	110	0.000056	5.6

Children 1-2 years old	0.001336	130	0.000109	11

Children 3-5 years old	0.001433	140	0.000098	9.8

Children 6-12 years old	0.001067	110	0.000065	6.5

Youth 13-19 years old	0.000876	8.8	0.000041	<1

Adults 20-49 years old	0.000726	7.3	0.000040	<1

Adults 50+ years old	0.000670	6.7	0.000041	<1

Females 13-49 years old	0.000780	7.8	0.000039	<1

Occupational and Residential Exposure and Risk

The occupational and residential exposures resulting from the use of
deltamethrin were previously assessed (Memos, D284181, M. Collantes,
7/18/2003 and D307927, M.Collantes, 10/14/2004).  Since the completion
of these reviews, the following changes have been made to the hazard
characterization:

1) A dermal dose and endpoint have been selected.

The same NOAEL (dose) and endpoint selected for inhalation exposure have
been selected for dermal exposure calculations.  This NOAEL is 1
mg/kg/day and is based on decreased motor activity observed in an acute
neurotoxicity study in rats.  As the NOAEL is being selected from an
oral study, a dermal absorption factor of 1% is being used to estimate
dermal exposure.

2) The 10X FQPA Safety Factor has been retained for infants and
children, based on age-related susceptibility to deltamethrin toxicity.

The level of concern (LOC) for dermal, inhalation and oral exposure for
children is a margin of exposure (MOE) ≥1000; however the LOC for
adults remains an MOE ≥ 100.

As a result of these changes, residential scenarios which were not of
concern in previous reviews (MOE = 300) are now considered to be risks
of concern (MOE = 1000).  Furthermore, with the inclusion of a dermal
endpoint to the hazard characterization, a dermal assessment of
residential exposure has also resulted in new risks of concern.

 Residential Risk Estimates

Handlers

Residential handler inhalation exposure scenarios were assessed in the
2004 risk assessment.  A cursory review of the residential handler
dermal exposure scenarios was performed for purposes of this assessment
using the dermal NOAEL of 1 mg/kg/day.  All residential handler
scenarios resulted in dermal and inhalation MOEs ≥ 100 and are not of
concern to HED.

Postapplication 

Residential postapplication exposure scenarios can occur as a result of
deltamethrin use as a broadcast and crack and crevice application to
lawns and indoor surfaces.   Postapplication exposure can result in
dermal, inhalation, and incidental oral (i.e., hand-to-mouth, for
children only) exposures.  Previous exposure estimates have been
summarized and characterized herein, with the exception of dermal
exposures, which have been calculated for the first time.

Potential postapplication dermal exposure resulting from the use of
deltamethrin on lawns is not of concern for either adults or children;
all dermal and inhalation MOEs are greater than or equal to 100 for
adults and greater than or equal to 1000 for children.  In addition, for
adults, all indoor surface scenarios result in dermal and inhalation
MOEs ≥ 100 and are not of concern.  

Residential postapplication scenarios that result in risks of concern
are:

1) children’s dermal exposure resulting from indoor broadcast and
crack and crevice application of sprays ranging from 0.06% to 0.03% in
concentration;

2) hand-to-mouth exposure resulting from broadcast application to lawns;
and

3) hand-to-mouth exposure resulting from indoor broadcast and crack and
crevice application of sprays ranging from 0.06% to 0.02% in
concentration.  

The short-term oral MOE for incidental ingestion of granules
(DeltaGard®G Insecticide) was 190, which is above HED’s level of
concern.  However, as explained in the 2004 assessment, HED considers
ingestion of granules to be an episodic event, not routine behavior.  As
granular ingestion does not occur on a regular basis, HED’s concern
for human health is related to acute poisoning rather than short or
intermediate-term residue exposure.  Based on information provided by
Bayer CropScience (Bayer CropScience Response to HED Human Health
Assessment for Deltamethrin, 6/9/03), HED concluded the likelihood of a
child consuming granules is extremely small.  HED based this conclusion
on the relatively small size of granules, the density of grass the
product is applied to, the fact that only a few granules can be visually
identified or seen on the lawns from a height of approximately six
inches, and the unpleasant taste and odor of the granules.  Furthermore,
the product label provides language and instructions to the homeowner to
prevent episodic incidental ingestion, such as:  “to avoid potential
residue on concrete surfaces (patios, sidewalks, etc) it is recommended
that granules applied to these surfaces be removed” and “apply
product uniformly to treated area and irrigate with an adequate quantity
of water to thoroughly moisten grass and thatch and dissolve the
insecticide granules.”  While HED continues to conclude that exposure
from granular ingestion is likely to be very low, risk from this
scenario should be re-examined in light of the new target MOE of 1000. 

In order to provide a summary of the updated residential risks, focusing
on those for which there is a risk concern, HED has used the previously
calculated exposures, along with the revised level of concern (LOC) for
children’s residential exposure.  The updated exposure and residential
risk estimates for the individual exposure pathways are provided in
Table 2, below.

Table 2:  Deltamethrin Residential Postapplication Exposure to Children

Scenario	Exposure

(mg/kg/day)	Projected Risk Estimates

LOC = MOE = 1000

Lawn

Dermal

Broadcast	0.0005	2,000

Hand-To-Mouth

Broadcast	0.00194	515

Indoor Broadcast

Dermal

0.06 – 0.03% Sprays	0.0028 – 0.0014	350 -690

0.02% Sprays	0.00096	1,000

0.01% Spray	0.00048	2,100



Hand-To-Mouth

0.06 – 0.02% Sprays	0.0044 – 0.0015	230 - 670

0.01% Sprays	0.00074	1,400

Indoor Crack & Crevice

Dermal

0.06 – 0.03% Sprays	0.0023 – 0.0011	430 - 870

0.02% Sprays	0.000768	1300

Hand-to-Mouth

0.06 – 0.02% Sprays	0.0036 – 0.0012	280 - 830

0.01% Sprays	0.0006	1,700

Ingestion of Pesticide Treated Turf

Delta WSB (Reg No. 432-832)	2,000

Ingestion of Treated Soil

Delta WSB (Reg No. 432-832)	150,000

Incidental Ingestion of  Granules

DeltaGard® GC Insecticide (Reg No. 432-837)	190

Ingestion of Paint Chips

Bug Juice Paint Additive (Reg. No. 4733211) 	2,000

Combined Residential Risk Estimates

	

HED combined dermal and incidental oral sources of post application
exposure for toddlers to obtain an estimate of potential combined
exposure which could be used for the aggregate assessment.  These
scenarios consisted of dermal and hand-to-mouth postapplication
exposures for toddlers resulting from indoor broadcast application of
deltamethrin.  The combined residential exposure resulted in a total MOE
of 140 and is of concern to HED.  A combined residential MOE of 1,100
(i.e., including dermal and hand-to-mouth exposure) is needed to reach
an acceptable aggregate (dietary + residential exposure) assessment. 
Table 3 provides a summary of the combined residential indoor broadcast
exposures and risks.

Table 3.  Combined Residential Exposure and Risk Estimates from Indoor
Broadcast Application

Postapplication

Scenarios	Daily Dose

(mg/kg/day) 1	MOE 2	Combined

MOE 3

Toddler Dermal - indoor broadcast surface	0.0028	350	

140

Toddler Hand-to-Mouth - indoor broadcast surfac	0.0044	230

	

	1 Daily Dose: see Memo, D307927, M. Collantes, 10/14/2004 (Table 7)

	2  Toddler Dermal MOE = NOAEL (1 mg/kg/day)	 

       	               	Dermal Dose					

  

       

Toddler Oral MOE = NOAEL (1 mg/kg/day)

       	                  Oral Dose					       	 

	3 Toddler Combined MOE = 1/(dermal dose + oral dose)

Potential Refinements

Hand-to-mouth exposure estimates were refined in the 2004 assessment
with the submission of a chemical-specific hand press study.  HED is
aware that the registrant is planning on submitting a probabilistic
CARES assessment in December 2009.  The assessment is being performed
for the purpose of refining the residential exposure and risk estimates.
 Furthermore, as a result of the ongoing revisions to HED’s
Residential Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for indoor surface
exposure, the parameters and algorithms for dermal, inhalation, and
hand-to-mouth exposure calculations will likely change, and could result
in significantly different exposure estimates.

Occupational Risk Estimates

Occupational handler and postapplication inhalation exposure were
assessed in the 2004 risk assessment.  A cursory review of the
occupational handler and postapplication dermal exposure scenarios using
the dermal NOAEL has also been performed.  All occupational scenarios
resulted in dermal and inhalation MOEs ≥ 100 and are not of concern. 
Furthermore, no occupational risks of concern are expected for the
proposed use pattern on flax.  Although a separate occupational risk
assessment has not been conducted for flax, the proposed use rate,
application method, formulation type, standard acreage, and handler and
postapplication activities have been addressed through a wide range of
occupational scenarios previously assessed for deltamethrin, for which
risks were not a concern. 

Aggregate Exposure and Risk

For the purposes of performing short- and intermediate-term aggregate
exposure assessments, HED estimates exposure resulting from dietary
(food + water) and residential scenarios.  As the combined residential
exposure for children (dermal + hand-to-mouth) from indoor broadcast
application of deltamethrin resulted in a total MOE of 140, the
aggregate risk estimate will also be of concern.  A combined residential
MOE of 1,100 is needed to reach an acceptable aggregate (dietary +
residential exposure) assessment.

Conclusions/Recommendations

In order to achieve an MOE of 1000, a significant reduction in
application rates in residential settings would be needed.  As aggregate
risks are of concern, with the lowest combined MOE of 140, HED cannot
recommend in favor of the proposed use on flax and the associated
proposed tolerances.  However, based on the conservative nature of the
uncertainty factors retained for children’s subpopulations (i.e., a
combined UF of 1000X), HED believes the risk estimates are upper-bound,
and overestimate the actual risks associated with deltamethrin uses.

Appendix 1

Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Use in Human Risk
Assessments

Table A.1.a.  Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for
Deltamethrin for Use in Dietary and Non-Occupational Human Health Risk
Assessments

Exposure/

Scenario	Point of Departure	Uncertainty/FQPA Safety Factors	RfD, PAD,
Level of Concern for Risk Assessment	Study and Toxicological Effects

Acute Dietary (General Population, excluding Infants and Children)
NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=1x

	Acute RfD = 0.01 mg/kg/day

aPAD = 0.01 mg/kg/day	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et
al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

Using a nonlinear exponential threshold additivity model, a NOAEL (aka
threshold dose) was obtained by fitting motor activity data across 7
dose groups; 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg.  The NOAEL is an
estimate of the highest no-effect dose level at which treated rats would
not display any decrease in motor activity.

Supported by subchronic rat, subchronic dog and chronic dog studies with
NOAELs of 1mg/kg/day and LOAELs of 2.5 or 10 mg/kg/day based on signs of
neurotoxicity including unsteadiness, tremors and jerking movements,
salivation, and chewing on extremities (chronic dog only).

Acute Dietary (Infants and Children)	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=10x	Acute RfD = 0.01 mg/kg/day

aPAD = 0.001 mg/kg/day	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et
al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Acute Dietary

(Females 13-49 years of age)	N/A	N/A	N/A	No appropriate endpoint
available

Chronic Dietary (All populations, excluding infants and children)	NOAEL=
1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=1x	Chronic RfD = 0.01 mg/kg/day

cPAD = 0.01 mg/kg/day	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et
al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Chronic Dietary (Infants and children)	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=10x	Chronic RfD = 0.01 mg/kg/day

cPAD = 0.001 mg/kg/day	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et
al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Incidental Oral; Short- (1-30 days) and Intermediate-Term (1-6 months)
NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=10x	Residential LOC for MOE = 1000	Acute Motor Activity Study in
Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult
male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Dermal

(General population excluding infants and children)

All Durations	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=1x

DAF: 1%	Residential LOC for MOE = 100

	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on
decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Dermal

(Infants and children)

All Durations	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=10x

DAF: 1%	Residential LOC for MOE = 1000

	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on
decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Inhalation

(General population excluding infants and children)

All Durations	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=1x

IAF: 100%	Residential LOC for MOE = 100

	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on
decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Inhalation

(Infants and children)

All Durations	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

FQPA SF=10x

IAF: 100%	Residential LOC for MOE = 1000

	Acute Motor Activity Study in Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on
decreased motor activity in adult male rats.

See Acute Dietary-General population for supporting information.

Cancer (oral, dermal, inhalation)	Classification:  “Not likely to be
Carcinogenic to Humans” based on the absence of significant tumor
increases in two adequate rodent carcinogenicity studies.

Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is
derived from observed dose-response data and  used to mark the beginning
of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally
relevant human exposures.  NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. 
LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level.  UF = uncertainty factor. 
UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (interspecies).  UFH =
potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population
(intraspecies).  UFL = use of a LOAEL to extrapolate a NOAEL.  UFS = use
of a short-term study for long-term risk assessment.  UFDB = to account
for the absence of key date (i.e., lack of a critical study).  MOE =
margin of exposure.  LOC = level of concern. DAF = Dermal absorption
factor.  IAF = Inhalation absorption factor.   N/A = not applicable.

The following endpoints were chosen for the current risk assessment and
apply to the proposed nonfood use.

Table A.1.b.  Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for
Deltamethrin for Use in Occupational Human Health Risk Assessments

Exposure/

Scenario	Point of Departure	Uncertainty Factors	Level of Concern for
Risk Assessment	Study and Toxicological Effects

Dermal

All Durations	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

DAF: 1%	Occupational LOC for MOE = 100	Acute Motor Activity Study in
Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult
male rats.

Using a nonlinear exponential threshold additivity model, a NOAEL (aka
threshold dose) was obtained by fitting motor activity data across 7
dose groups; 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg.  The NOAEL is an
estimate of the highest no-effect dose level at which treated rats would
not display any decrease in motor activity.

Supported by subchronic rat, subchronic dog and chronic dog studies with
NOAELs of 1mg/kg/day and LOAELs of 2.5 or 10 mg/kg/day based on signs of
neurotoxicity including unsteadiness, tremors and jerking movements,
salivation, and chewing on extremities (chronic dog only).

Inhalation

All Durations	NOAEL= 1 mg/kg/day	UFA= 10 x

UFH=10 x

IAF: 100%	Occupational LOC for MOE = 100	Acute Motor Activity Study in
Rats (Wolansky et al., 2006), based on decreased motor activity in adult
male rats.

See Dermal for supporting information.

Cancer (oral, dermal, inhalation)	Classification:  “Not likely to be
Carcinogenic to Humans” based on the absence of significant tumor
increases in two adequate rodent carcinogenicity studies.

Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is
derived from observed dose-response data and  used to mark the beginning
of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally
relevant human exposures.  NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. 
LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level.  UF = uncertainty factor. 
UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (interspecies).  UFH =
potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population
(intraspecies).  UFL = use of a LOAEL to extrapolate a NOAEL.  UFS = use
of a short-term study for long-term risk assessment.  UFDB = to account
for the absence of key date (i.e., lack of a critical study).  MOE =
margin of exposure.  LOC = level of concern. DAF = Dermal absorption
factor.  IAF = Inhalation absorption factor.   N/A = not applicable.

APPENDIX 2

There are currently 80 registered residential/commercial products that
contain the active ingredient deltamethrin.  The products are formulated
as ready-to-use sprays, granular, dust, liquid, electrical foggers, and
a pet collar and are applied by various methods including hose-end
sprayers, push-type spreader, shaker can, aerosol can, and foggers used
to treat indoors and outdoors.

Table A.2.  Registered Residential and Commericial Labels and Use Sites
for Deltamethrin 

 Residential

Liquid Soluble Concentrate (4.75% ai)

EPA Reg. # 432-805	

Lawn, ornamental plants, decks, fences, foundations, patios other
outdoor areas

Dust (0.05% a.i.)

EPA Reg # 869-237, 149-12, 432-823,68543-15, 42697-57, 4-441, 432-772,
28293-322, 40208-6	

Crack and crevice and spot indoor (upholstery of chairs and sofa, folds
and tufts of mattresses ) / outdoor, perimeter treatment, ornamental, 

Granules (0.05 to 0.1 % a.i.)

EPA Reg # 4-422, 8378-60, 432-811, 432-824, 9198-164, 28293-323,
432-851, 28293-346	

Lawn and garden ornamentals, perimeters treatment and fireants

RTU Trigger Spray (0.01 to 0.06% a.i.)

EPA Reg # 9444-217, 4822-525, 432-844, 4822-518, 4-440, 28293-324,
432-859,432-857, 432-842, 432-847, 432-883, 432-840, 432-881, 432-846,
45385-97, 42697-54, 40849-74, 36272-21, 28293-336, 28293-334, 28293-333,
28293-332,28293-325, 13283-29, 11715-335, 11715-334, 11623-51, 8848-77,
8848-72, 8848-91, 7401-458, 869-236, 4822-524, 1270-256, 1270-255,
506-184, 498-193, 498-192, 432-884, 4-440, 432-843	

Broad spectrum insect control in food handling establishments,
manufacturing and processing establishments, households (tufts, folds
and edges of bed mattresses), automobiles, boats, cabins, garages,
patios, pet sleeping areas, warehouses and wineries

Deltamethrin 4% Dog Collar, EPA Reg # 68451-1	

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ਁ砃愀϶x瑹灾÷

ਁ砃愀϶x瑹灾÷

ਁ砃愀϶x瑹灾÷

摧灾÷਀kills fleas and ticks up to 6 months

Commercial

Wettable Powder (5.0%)

EPA Reg # 432-832, and 4691-163	

Outdoor perimeter crack and crevice and broad spectrum control of
insects on and around residential, commercial and industrial lawns and
landscape ornamental plants

Liquid (4.75% ai)

EPA Reg # 432-835, 432-834, 432-763	

Golf Courses, Sod Farms, Commercial and Residential Turf, Landscapes and
Nursery Ornamental Plants,  meat processing plants, schools, aircraft ,
food manufacturing and processing plants, hospitals, warehouses, tufts
and  folds of matresses

Granules (0.05 to 0.1% a.i.)

EPA Reg# 432-836, 432-868, 432-837, 432-867, 432-1242, 432-1241,
432-1240, 432-1243, 10404-99	

turfgrass, landscape ornamental plants, perimeters, commercial,
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