Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2005-0172-0048
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2005-08-03T04:00Z

II.
D.
4
­
Page
1
of
14
II.
D
Appendices:
Drinking
Water
Exposure
4
N­
methyl
Carbamate
Usage
Estimates
The
Biological
and
Economic
Analysis
Division
(
BEAD)
of
the
USEPA
Office
of
Pesticide
Programs
compiled
information
on
key
aspects
of
the
typical
usage
and
timing
of
application
of
selected
carbamate
insecticides,
as
part
of
EPA's
ongoing
cumulative
risk
assessment
of
these
pesticides.
The
Environmental
Fate
and
Effect
Division
(
EFED)
requested
this
information
in
order
to
more
realistically
model
drinking
water
risks
posed
by
the
carbamates.

The
drinking
water
model
requires
the
following
information
for
each
unique
crop
treated
with
one
or
more
carbamates
in
the
geographic
area
being
modeled:
acres
planted;
and
for
each
carbamate
used
on
the
crop,
total
pounds,
percent
of
crop
treated,
application
rate,
number
of
applications,
and
application
timing.
The
carbamate
pesticides
included
in
this
analysis
are
aldicarb,
carbaryl,
carbofuran,
formetanate,
methiocarb,
methomyl,
oxamyl,
pirimicarb,
propoxur,
and
thiodicarb.

Much
of
this
information
is
not
easily
available,
or
does
not
exist
at
the
geographic
scale
(
i.
e.,
the
county
level)
required
by
the
drinking
water
model.
BEAD
used
the
best
available
information,
and
substantial
effort
to
compile
and
develop
these
data.
The
general
method
followed
is
described
below.

Methods
In
general,
data
were
collected
and
developed
sequentially
in
three
steps.
First,
geographic
areas
of
interest
were
identified.
Next,
target
crops
were
identified
and
carbamate
usage
was
estimated
in
each
area.
Finally,
the
timing
of
carbamate
applications
was
determined.
Each
of
these
steps
are
described
in
detail
below.

Identification
of
Geographic
Areas
of
Interest
Chemical
use
information,
developed
from
agricultural
surveys,
is
uneven
in
its
geographical
distribution.
Often
counties
within
a
given
state
do
not
appear
in
surveys
because
of
the
relatively
small
number
of
samples
used
in
the
surveys.
Therefore
to
overcome
this
problem,
data
from
geographic
areas
larger
than
these
counties
were
used
in
this
analysis
to
extrapolate
usage
from
areas
with
data
to
the
areas
of
interest
that
lack
carbamate
use
data.

Thirteen
subregions
(
comprised
of
28
counties)
were
identified
by
EFED
as
geographic
areas
where
this
class
of
pesticides
appeared
to
pose
significant
risks
to
drinking
water.
Next,
additional
geographic
areas
were
identified
in
preparation
to
estimate
carbamate
usage.
Counties
adjacent
to
the
13
subregions
were
identified
to
form
II.
D.
4
­
Page
2
of
14
a
"
county
cluster"
and
corresponding
Crop
Reporting
Districts
(
CRD)
were
identified.
The
final
result
was
a
series
of
geographic
areas
of
increasing
size
(
Number)
as
follows:
County
(
28),
Subregion
(
13),
County
Cluster
(
13),
Crop
Reporting
District
(
13),
State
(
12),
Region
(
8).
The
Subregion
is
the
geographical
unit
that
will
be
used
by
EFED
in
its
analysis.

Determination
of
Crops
and
Carbamate
Usage
The
determination
of
the
crop/
carbamate
combination,
and
the
associated
usage
information,
in
each
subregion
was
a
multi­
step
process.
After
compiling
the
available
information,
adjustments
were
made
for
uneven
survey
coverage,
multiple
data
sources,
multiple
years
of
data,
and
chemical
toxicity.
These
adjustments
are
described
in
detail
below.

1.
Compile
Available
Usage
Data
 
For
each
of
the
geographic
areas
identified
above
available
information
compiled
for
the
following
parameters:
acres
planted;
and
for
each
carbamate
used
on
the
crop,
total
pounds,
percent
of
crop
treated,
application
rate,
and
number
of
applications.

2.
Adjust
Usage
for
Limited
Survey
Coverage
 
Carbamate
usage
at
the
county
cluster,
CRD
and
state
levels
(
for
those
crops
reporting
usage
in
the
counties
of
interest)
were
adjusted
by
multiplying
by
the
proportion
of
these
crops
that
was
grown
in
the
counties
within
the
regions
of
concern.

For
example,
if
10,000
acres
were
grown
in
the
counties
of
interest
and
50,000
acres
in
the
CRD
then
the
usage
reported
for
the
CRD
would
be
divided
by
5
before
being
averaged
with
the
acreage
estimates
from
the
other
three
levels.
This
ensured
that
figures
were
adjusted
to
more
accurately
reflect
what
was
being
used
within
these
regions.
Acres
treated
data
were
obtained
from
Doane's
databases
for
all
states
involved,
and
also
weighted
by
multiplying
the
proportion
of
crops
grown
within
the
specific
regions
of
concern.

Table
II.
D.
4.1.
Example
of
estimated
carbamate
usage
adjusted
for
limited
survey
area.
Parameter
Acres
grown
Pounds
used
Acreage
ratio
Adjusted
pounds
Subregion
10,000
5,000
1.00
5,000
County
cluster
20,000
15,000
0.50
7,500
CRD
30,000
30,000
0.333
10,000
State
100,000
100,000
0.10
10,000
Estimated
Usage
for
Subregion
8,125
3.
Adjust
Usage
for
Multiple
Data
Sources
 
USDA
NASS
data
for
statelevel
usage
was
also
compiled
for
pounds
of
each
carbamate
used
as
well
as
application
rates
(
in
lbs
applied/
acre).
Following
this,
the
Doane's
and
NASS
data
on
pounds
of
carbamate
used
were
averaged
for
the
state­
level
II.
D.
4
­
Page
3
of
14
estimates
of
usage.
After
usage
estimates
were
obtained
from
Doane,
NASS
data
where
available,
was
used
to
adjust
the
estimates,
using
equal
weights
for
the
Doane
and
NASS
state
usage
estimates.

For
example,
if
the
procedure
above
estimated
use
in
the
counties
of
interest
of
10,000
pounds,
then
­
based
on
Doane's
reported
state­
level
use
of
100,000
pounds
and
NASS's
reported
state­
level
use
of
120,000
pounds
­
the
estimated
use
in
the
counties
of
interest
would
be
adjusted
to
11,000
pounds.

4.
Average
Usage
Data
Over
Multiple
Years
 
Carbamate
usage
(
in
lbs
of
each
carbamate
applied)
was
averaged
for
the
years
1998
­
2002
for
the
following
geographic
areas:
State,
Crop
Reporting
District,
County
Cluster,
and
Subregion.

5.
Determine
Crop
/
Carbamate
Combinations
of
Interest
 
The
resulting
carbamate
usage
(
in
lbs
of
each
carbamate
applied)
was
multiplied
by
the
Relative
Potency
Factor
to
adjust
for
the
differing
toxicities
of
each
carbamate.
The
final
crop/
carbamate
list
that
resulted
from
the
above
analysis
was
then
ranked
according
to
the
"
toxicity­
adjusted"
pounds
of
carbamates
used.

Those
combinations
comprising
95
%
of
the
cumulative
carbamate
usage
were
selected
for
the
tables
included
in
this
document.
The
complete
list
of
all
crops/
chemicals
identified
by
the
usage
analysis,
along
with
all
usage
figures,
is
available
in
the
Excel
spreadsheet
in
Appendix
1.

6.
Final
Adjustments
 
Data
from
the
California
Department
of
Pesticide
Regulation
(
CDPR)
indicated
that
in
California,
tangerines
and
nectarines
were
also
crop
sites
where
some
carbamates
were
applied.
Therefore,
BEAD
added
these
sites
to
the
final
crop/
carbamate
list.
Finally,
crops
with
no
identified
carbamate
use
in
the
California
data
base
were
dropped
from
the
analysis.
II.
D.
4
­
Page
4
of
14
Determination
of
Timing
of
Carbamate
Applications
Once
the
crop
/
chemical
combinations
were
identified
in
a
given
subregion,
the
period
of
the
crop
cycle
when
each
carbamate
is
typically
applied,
and
the
dates
of
application
were
identified.
Where
the
information
was
available,
dates
of
application
were
further
characterized
as
being
those
when
carbamate
applications
were
likely
to
be
most
frequent
(
or
"
active")
and
those
for
the
total
time
period
when
the
carbamate
could
reasonably
be
used
(
essentially,
the
time
period
when
the
target
pests
were
present
in
the
crop).
It
should
be
noted
that
typically,
all
the
carbamates
discussed
here
target
multiple
pests
or
ones
that
can
occur
multiple
times
during
a
given
crop's
growing
season,
so
applications
often
occur
over
a
broad
time
period.
Where
possible,
the
number
of
applications
that
might
occur
and
the
type
of
formulation
that
is
likely
to
be
used
has
been
noted
in
the
"
Comments"
column.
It
should
also
be
noted
that
the
number
of
carbamate
applications
for
all
crop/
chemical
combinations
was
also
estimated
using
available
databases.
These
estimates
are
also
included
in
the
tables
that
follow.
For
the
crop/
chemical
combinations
of
interest,
BEAD
analysts
used
a
variety
of
methods
to
determine
most
likely
application
dates
for
each
chemical
on
each
crop
in
each
location.
Biologists
frequently
combined
information
from
several
sources
and
used
their
best
professional
judgement
to
estimate
dates
of
application.

For
the
California
carbamate/
crop
use
patterns,
actual
application
dates
from
the
California
Department
of
Pesticide
Regulation
Pesticide
Information
Portal
(
CalPIP)
for
the
counties
of
interest
were
used.
In
other
states,
biologists
relied
on
a
wide
variety
of
references,
including
those
listed
in
the
table
below:

Table
II.
D.
4.2.
Data
Sources
Used
to
Determine
Carbamate
Dates
of
Application.
Data
Source
Use
Usage
Data
Used
to
determine
major
pests
and
approximate
time
of
application
(
e.
g.,
preplant,
at
plant,
at
cultivation,
pinhead
to
squaring).
Doane
data
and
various
state
surveys
were
frequently
used.
Efficacy
Data
Dates
of
application
from
efficacy
studies
used
as
surrogates
for
actual
application
dates.
Efficacy
studies
were
frequently
obtained
from
Arthropod
Management
Tests
USDA
Planting,
Bloom,
and
Harvest
Dates
Used
to
define
limits
of
application
dates.
Often
used
in
conjunction
with
crop
phenology
information
to
approximate
dates
of
application
and
to
extrapolate
the
dates
of
application
from
one
state
to
another.
Crop
Profiles
Used
to
identify
major
pests
and
approximate
timing
of
applications.
Crop
Timelines
Used
to
approximate
timing
of
applications.
Crop
Weather
Reports
Used
to
estimate
dates
of
phenological
events
(
e.
g.,
planting,
squaring)
for
localized
areas.
Pest
Biology
Information
Dates
of
pest
emergence
used
to
estimate
timing
of
applications.
II.
D.
4
­
Page
5
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
1a:
Southest
Region:
NC
East
­
Edgecombe,
Halifax
and
Northampton
Counties
Cotton
Aldicarb
40,000
40,000
110,000
42.7
0.73
1.00
56.9%
54.6%
May1­
15
Apr21­
Jun8
Peanuts
Aldicarb
30,000
30,000
40,000
62.1
1.08
1.00
42.6%
40.9%
Apr10­
Apr20
Apr10­
May10
Peanuts
Oxamyl
800
177
40,000
1.6
1.25
1.00
0.3%
1.1%

Tobacco
Aldicarb
100
100
8,600
0.6
1.64
1.03
0.1%
0.1%

Peanuts
Methomyl
500
33
40,000
3.0
0.38
1.00
0.0%
0.7%
May30­
Sep15
May30­
Oct15
Tobacco
Carbofuran
100
24
8,600
0.1
4.00
2.00
0.0%
0.1%

Beans,
Snap
Methomyl
100
7
1,100
39.7
0.23
1.37
0.0%
0.1%
Apr15­
Jun30
Mar30­
Jun30
Tobacco
Methomyl
100
7
8,600
2.4
0.35
1.32
0.0%
0.1%
Apr30­
Aug15
Apr15­
Sep30
Cucumber
Carbaryl
700
6
3,600
6.7
1.00
2.89
0.0%
1.0%
Apr25­
Jun1;

May30­
Jul15
Apr25­
Jun1;

May30­
Jul15
Cotton
Carbaryl
300
2
110,000
0.4
0.75
1.00
0.0%
0.4%

Beans,
Snap
Carbaryl
200
2
1,100
19.2
1.00
0.84
0.0%
0.3%

Peanuts
Carbaryl
200
2
40,000
0.7
0.57
1.00
0.0%
0.3%

Cotton
Thiodicarb
100
1
110,000
0.2
0.60
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Tobacco
Carbaryl
100
1
8,600
0.5
1.09
2.49
0.0%
0.1%

1b:
Southest
Region:
Georgia
East
­
Burke
County
Cotton
Aldicarb
4,500
4,500
40,000
21.9
0.59
1.00
69.2%
65.2%
May1­
15
Apr21­
Jun8
Peanuts
Aldicarb
2,000
2,000
5,800
33.5
0.99
1.03
30.8%
29.0%
Apr10­
Apr20
Apr10­
May10
Pecans
Carbaryl
400
3
1,500
7.7
1.84
1.80
0.0%
5.8%
Aug1­
Sep20
Aug1­
Sep20
2a:
Florida
Region:
South
Florida
­
Palm
Beach
County
Oranges
Aldicarb
20,000
20,000
20,000
14.3
3.85
1.46
73.4%
27.4%
Bloom­
fruit
maturity
Apr­
Nov
Grapefruit
Aldicarb
2,700
2,700
5,200
8.7
3.89
1.50
9.9%
3.7%
Bloom­
fruit
maturity
Apr­
Nov
Sweet
Corn
Methomyl
20,000
1,300
20,000
40.4
0.35
7.63
4.8%
27.4%
Apr1­
Jul30;

Nov15­
Dec30
Apr1­
Jul30;

Nov15­
Dec30
Sugarcane
Carbofuran
3,800
912
280,000
1.9
0.72
1.00
3.3%
5.2%
Jun20­
Aug20
May22­
Oct12
Peppers
Oxamyl
2,900
641
6,000
14.9
0.51
6.42
2.4%
4.0%
Mar­
Jun
Feb­
Nov
Cucumber
Oxamyl
2,000
442
4,600
50.4
0.55
1.58
1.6%
2.7%
Oct­
May
Oct­
May
II.
D.
4
­
Page
6
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Cucumber
Carbofuran
1,700
408
4,600
30.5
1.20
1.00
1.5%
2.3%
Oct20­
Mar15
Sep1­
Apr30
Sweet
Corn
Carbofuran
1,100
264
20,000
6.7
1.00
1.00
1.0%
1.5%
Aug1­
Apr30
Aug1­
Apr30
Peppers
Methomyl
3,700
241
6,000
15.7
0.62
6.20
0.9%
5.1%
Apr1­
Jun15
Jan15­
Jun30
Cucumber
Methomyl
2,600
169
4,600
21.5
0.58
4.48
0.6%
3.6%
Apr15­
Jun15
Jan30­
Jun15
Sweet
Corn
Thiodicarb
9,700
116
20,000
23.4
0.58
4.38
0.4%
13.3%
Apr1­
Jul30;

Nov15­
Dec30
Apr1­
Jul30;

Nov15­
Dec30
Oranges
Oxamyl
100
22
20,000
0.2
0.96
2.53
0.1%
0.1%
Apr,
Jun,
Aug,

Oct
Apr­
Aug,
Oct
Oranges
Carbaryl
1,300
10
20,000
1.2
3.54
1.44
0.0%
1.8%
Mar1­
Jun1
Feb1­
Dec1
Grapefruit
Carbaryl
1,200
10
5,200
7.0
3.13
1.02
0.0%
1.6%
Mar1­
Dec30
can't
narrow
Tomatoes
Methomyl
100
7
2,500
2.0
0.48
2.97
0.0%
0.1%

Cucumber
Carbaryl
200
2
4,600
1.5
0.58
4.70
0.0%
0.3%

2b:
Florida
Region:
Central
Florida
­
Polk
County
Oranges
Aldicarb
30,000
30,000
80,000
7.8
3.85
1.46
91.0%
75.6%
Bloom­
fruit
maturity
Apr­
Nov
Grapefruit
Aldicarb
2,400
2,400
5,800
7.0
3.89
1.50
7.3%
6.0%
Bloom­
fruit
maturity
Apr­
Nov
Oranges
Oxamyl
1,400
309
80,000
0.7
0.96
2.53
0.9%
3.5%
Apr,
Jun,
Aug,

Oct
Apr­
Aug,
Oct
Potatoes
Aldicarb
200
200
1,000
6.5
2.55
1.01
0.6%
0.5%
Oct1­
Mar1
Sep15­
Mar1
Oranges
Carbaryl
5,100
41
80,000
1.3
3.54
1.44
0.1%
12.8%
Mar1­
Jun1
Feb1­
Dec1
Grapefruit
Carbaryl
500
4
5,800
2.8
3.13
1.02
0.0%
1.3%
Mar1­
Dec30
can't
narrow
Watermelon
Carbaryl
100
1
1,600
1.8
0.76
2.64
0.0%
0.3%

3:
Midsouth
Region:
Louisiana
Northeast
­
Franklin,
Madison,
and
Tensas
Counties
Cotton
Aldicarb
40,000
40,000
280,000
25.2
0.53
1.00
96.2%
76.9%
May1­
15
Apr21­
Jun8
Cotton
Carbofuran
4,100
984
280,000
3.1
0.44
1.08
2.4%
7.9%
Jun24­
Aug6
Apr12­
Aug21
Cotton
Oxamyl
1,000
221
280,000
1.8
0.19
1.11
0.5%
1.9%
May4­
Jul20
Apr15­
Aug15
Corn
Carbofuran
800
192
50,000
1.8
0.85
1.00
0.5%
1.5%
Mar31­
Apr21
Mar24­
Apr28
Sorghum
Carbofuran
500
120
70,000
1.3
0.50
1.00
0.3%
1.0%
Apr20­
May22
Apr6­
Jun23
II.
D.
4
­
Page
7
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Rice
Carbaryl
3,900
31
20,000
15.2
1.45
1.00
0.1%
7.5%

Rice
Carbofuran
100
24
20,000
0.4
0.83
1.00
0.1%
0.2%

Cotton
Thiodicarb
1,600
19
280,000
0.8
0.53
1.42
0.0%
3.1%
Jun1­
Sep15
May15­
Oct1
4:
Lower
Midwest
Region:
Texas
tip
­
Cameron
and
Hidalgo
Counties
Grapefruit
Aldicarb
80,000
80,000
20,000
73.1
4.69
1.17
77.0%
52.4%
Jan1­
Apr1
Jan1­
Apr1
Cotton
Aldicarb
10,000
10,000
130,000
18.6
0.49
1.00
9.6%
6.5%
Mar10­
Jun6
Mar10­
Jun30
Grapefruit
Formetanat
e
6,700
4,020
20,000
35.0
0.92
1.00
3.9%
4.4%
Apr20­
May30
Apr1­
Jul30
Cotton
Oxamyl
10,000
2,210
130,000
18.6
0.23
2.12
2.1%
6.5%
Mar15­
Aug1
Feb20­
Sep20
Carrots
Oxamyl
8,700
1,923
3,400
91.1
1.25
2.28
1.9%
5.7%
Aug10­
Jan15
Aug10­
Jan15
Cotton
Carbofuran
7,500
1,800
130,000
8.8
0.55
1.18
1.7%
4.9%
May28­
Jul10
Mar16­
Jul25
Peppers
Oxamyl
4,300
950
2,800
77.3
1.00
2.00
0.9%
2.8%
Jan1­
Jun1,

Jul1­
Oct1
Jan1­
Jul1,

Jun15­
Dec1
Onions
Oxamyl
2,500
553
10,000
26.8
0.48
1.42
0.5%
1.6%
Oct1­
31,

Nov1­
Apr1
Sep20­
Nov30,

Oct1­
May1
Onions
Methomyl
6,200
403
10,000
32.9
0.49
2.83
0.4%
4.1%

Cantaloupe
Oxamyl
1,600
354
3,500
22.5
1.76
1.17
0.3%
1.0%
Feb15­
May15
Feb1­
May30
Watermelon
Oxamyl
1,600
354
10,000
25.1
0.51
1.04
0.3%
1.0%
Jan15­
Mar15
Jan15­
Apr1
Cucumber
Oxamyl
1,100
243
5,200
31.1
0.66
1.00
0.2%
0.7%
Feb1­
Mar15,

Jul15­
Aug15
Jan15­
Mar15,

Jul1­
Aug31
Corn
Carbofuran
1,000
240
120,000
1.2
0.71
1.00
0.2%
0.7%
Feb10­
Mar10;

Apr11­
May5
Feb1­
Mar20;

Apr4­
May12
Cucumber
Methomyl
2,500
163
5,200
34.0
0.47
3.06
0.2%
1.6%

Spinach
Methomyl
2,400
156
3,100
85.5
0.45
2.00
0.2%
1.6%
II.
D.
4
­
Page
8
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Grapefruit
Oxamyl
700
155
20,000
4.2
0.59
1.39
0.1%
0.5%

Sorghum
Carbofuran
300
72
250,000
0.3
0.50
1.00
0.1%
0.2%

Cantaloupe
Methomyl
1,100
72
3,500
47.7
0.39
1.67
0.1%
0.7%

Cabbage
Methomyl
800
52
5,400
13.7
0.57
1.86
0.1%
0.5%

Peppers
Methomyl
800
52
2,800
3.0
0.60
15.00
0.1%
0.5%

Carrots
Methomyl
500
33
3,400
33.2
0.45
1.00
0.0%
0.3%

Watermelon
Carbofuran
100
24
10,000
1.9
0.49
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Beans,
Snap
Methomyl
300
20
400
51.7
0.49
3.07
0.0%
0.2%

Watermelon
Methomyl
300
20
10,000
2.2
0.41
2.63
0.0%
0.2%

Cotton
Methomyl
100
7
130,000
0.2
0.36
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Cotton
Carbaryl
700
6
130,000
1.0
0.53
1.01
0.0%
0.5%

Peppers
Carbaryl
400
3
2,800
3.8
1.00
4.00
0.0%
0.3%

Watermelon
Carbaryl
200
2
10,000
1.9
0.86
1.25
0.0%
0.1%

Cotton
Thiodicarb
100
1
130,000
0.1
0.32
1.29
0.0%
0.1%

Cantaloupe
Carbaryl
100
1
3,500
0.6
0.94
5.24
0.0%
0.1%

Squash
Carbaryl
100
1
200
35.5
0.78
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

5a:
North/
North
Central
Region:
Pennsylvania
Central
­
Adams,
Lancaster
and
York
Counties
Corn
Carbofuran
2,200
528
370,000
0.7
0.89
1.00
32.6%
11.7%
May10­

May25;

Jun30­
Aug26
Apr30­
Jun15;

Jun15­
Sep10
Apples
Methomyl
4,700
306
20,000
26.1
0.39
2.86
18.9%
25.0%
May30­
Aug15
May15­
Aug30
Alfalfa
Carbofuran
1,200
288
70,000
2.8
0.61
1.00
17.8%
6.4%
Mar15­
Apr15;

Mar9­
May15;

Jun16­
Aug8
Mar15­
Sep15;

Mar1­
Jul20;

Apr1­
Nov10
Sweet
Corn
Methomyl
2,200
143
3,800
33.9
0.38
4.47
8.8%
11.7%
Jul15­
Sep30
Jun15­
Oct15
Pumpkin
Carbofuran
300
72
1,500
24.8
0.81
1.01
4.4%
1.6%
Jun15­
Jul1
Jun10­
Jul6
Sweet
Corn
Carbofuran
300
72
3,800
7.8
1.00
1.00
4.4%
1.6%
Apr25­
Jun5
Apr15­
Jun15
Apples
Oxamyl
300
66
20,000
2.9
0.60
1.19
4.1%
1.6%
Apr20­
Aug30
Apr10­
Aug30
Apples
Formetanat
e
100
60
20,000
0.7
0.85
1.15
3.7%
0.5%
Apr24­
May20
Apr16­
May24
II.
D.
4
­
Page
9
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Apples
Carbaryl
4,700
38
20,000
17.3
1.12
1.52
2.3%
25.0%
Apr20­
Aug30
Apr10­
Aug30
Peaches
Methomyl
200
13
1,800
9.4
0.43
3.33
0.8%
1.1%
Apr15­
Sep5
Apr15­
Sep10
Potatoes
Methomyl
200
13
1,900
3.8
0.45
5.00
0.8%
1.1%
Jun15­
Sep30
Apr30­
Oct30
Sweet
Corn
Carbaryl
700
6
3,800
7.4
0.98
2.45
0.3%
3.7%
Jun15­
Sep15
Jun15­
Oct15
Peaches
Carbaryl
500
4
1,800
9.8
1.33
2.35
0.2%
2.7%
Jun15­
Sep30
Apr1­
Oct15
Sweet
Corn
Thiodicarb
300
4
3,800
5.5
0.58
2.34
0.2%
1.6%
Jul15­
Sep30
Jun15­
Oct15
Grapes,
Wine
Carbaryl
400
3
200
106.9
1.34
1.83
0.2%
2.1%

Pumpkin
Carbaryl
300
2
1,500
7.5
0.86
3.17
0.1%
1.6%

Potatoes
Carbaryl
200
2
1,900
9.4
0.75
1.77
0.1%
1.1%

5b:
North/
North
Central
Region:
Illinios
Central
­
LaSalle,
Livingston
and
McLean
Counties
Corn
Carbofuran
2,700
648
940,000
0.4
0.67
1.04
86.5%
40.3%
Jun20­
Aug16
Jun1­
Aug30
Alfalfa
Carbofuran
100
24
10,000
0.6
0.71
1.00
3.2%
1.5%
Apr15­
May15
Apr1­
Jun1
Sweet
Corn
Carbofuran
100
24
4,600
6.2
0.35
1.00
3.2%
1.5%
May1­
Jun15
Apr20­
Jul1
Beans,
Lima
Methomyl
300
20
1,800
13.3
1.05
1.00
2.6%
4.5%
Jun15­
Sep30
May20­
Oct10
Corn
Carbaryl
2,200
18
940,000
0.2
1.00
1.00
2.3%
32.8%
May15­
Sep30
May15­
Sep30
Sweet
Corn
Carbaryl
1,100
9
4,600
6.4
1.49
2.61
1.2%
16.4%
Jul15­
Sep15
Jun15­
Oct15
Sweet
Corn
Methomyl
100
7
4,600
1.8
0.37
3.00
0.9%
1.5%

Alfalfa
Carbaryl
100
1
10,000
1.1
0.78
1.16
0.1%
1.5%

6:
North
Great
Plains
Region:
Red
River
Valley
­
Polk
(
Minnesota),
and
Grand
Forks
and
Walsh
(
North
Dakota)
Counties
Potatoes
Aldicarb
3,200
3,200
70,000
2.0
2.30
1.00
44.4%
14.7%
1­
Jun
May15­
Jun1
Sugar
Beets
Aldicarb
2,900
2,900
190,000
1.0
1.50
1.00
40.2%
13.4%
Apr30­
Jul20
Apr22­
Jul30
Sugar
Beets
Carbofuran
1,900
456
190,000
1.0
1.00
1.00
6.3%
8.8%
Jun1­
30
May15­
Jul15
Potatoes
Carbofuran
1,100
264
70,000
1.0
0.80
2.00
3.7%
5.1%
May13­
24;

Jun14­
Aug23
May5­
Jun1;

Jun1­
Sep7
Potatoes
Oxamyl
800
177
70,000
1.0
0.60
2.00
2.5%
3.7%
May30­
Aug30
MAy15­

Sep15
II.
D.
4
­
Page
10
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Sunflowers
Carbofuran
500
120
90,000
1.0
0.60
1.00
1.7%
2.3%
May23­
Jun4;

Jun15­
Aug15
May15­
Jun13;

Jun1­
Sep1
Wheat,
Spring
Carbaryl
11,000
88
690,000
2.0
0.80
1.00
1.2%
50.7%
Jun1­
Jul15
May15­
Jul30
Sunflowers
Carbaryl
100
1
90,000
#
N/
A
#
N/
A
#
N/
A
0.0%
0.5%

Alfalfa
Carbaryl
100
1
80,000
#
N/
A
#
N/
A
#
N/
A
0.0%
0.5%

Sugar
Beets
Carbaryl
100
1
190,000
#
N/
A
#
N/
A
#
N/
A
0.0%
0.5%

7:
Northwest
Region:
Washington
Central
­
Franklin
and
Grant
Counties
Potatoes
Aldicarb
120,000
120,000
110,000
36.1
2.89
1.08
90.3%
63.0%
1­
Jun
May15­
Jun1
Dry
Beans/
Peas
Aldicarb
6,600
6,600
30,000
17.2
1.20
1.00
5.0%
3.5%
Apr1­
Jul20
beans
May10­

Jul20;
peas
Apr1­
Jun20
Potatoes
Carbofuran
6,100
1,464
110,000
6.9
0.66
1.28
1.1%
3.2%

Onions
Oxamyl
6,500
1,437
8,800
36.5
0.97
2.09
1.1%
3.4%
Mar15­
Apr30;

Jun15­
Aug30
Mar15­
Apr30;

May30­
Sep30
Apples
Formetanat
e
1,900
1,140
30,000
5.1
0.97
1.20
0.9%
1.0%

Potatoes
Oxamyl
5,000
1,105
110,000
1.7
1.04
2.65
0.8%
2.6%
Apr10­
May5;

MAy30­
Oct15
Mar15­
May15;
May30­
Oct30
Carrots
Oxamyl
2,100
464
6,500
8.8
0.99
3.68
0.3%
1.1%
Apr1­
Jun15
Apr1­
Jun15
Beans,
Lima
Methomyl
3,800
247
4,900
43.3
0.90
2.00
0.2%
2.0%
May30­
Sep30
May15­
Oct15
Apples
Carbaryl
20,000
160
30,000
42.1
1.22
1.41
0.1%
10.5%
Apr15­
Aug31
Apr1­
Oct1
Sweet
Corn
Methomyl
1,100
72
60,000
0.6
0.44
6.91
0.1%
0.6%
Jun30­
Sep30
Jun10­
Sep25
Cherries
Carbaryl
7,500
60
4,900
50.3
1.82
1.68
0.0%
3.9%
Mar20­
Aug10
Mar20­
Aug10
Onions
Methomyl
900
59
8,800
7.2
0.90
1.53
0.0%
0.5%

Asparagus
Carbaryl
5,400
43
8,300
47.2
1.18
1.17
0.0%
2.8%

Alfalfa
Carbofuran
100
24
70,000
0.3
0.50
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Corn
Carbofuran
100
24
7,200
1.3
1.00
1.00
0.0%
0.1%
II.
D.
4
­
Page
11
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Apples
Oxamyl
100
22
30,000
0.2
1.20
1.07
0.0%
0.1%

Potatoes
Carbaryl
1,400
11
110,000
0.5
0.95
3.07
0.0%
0.7%

Pears
Carbaryl
1,100
9
1,100
28.7
1.10
3.11
0.0%
0.6%

Asparagus
Methomyl
100
7
8,300
2.3
0.60
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Carrots
Methomyl
100
7
6,500
6.0
0.30
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Beans,
Lima
Carbaryl
200
2
4,900
2.7
1.37
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Peaches
Carbaryl
200
2
300
15.1
2.07
1.85
0.0%
0.1%

Grapes,
Wine
Carbaryl
100
1
2,200
2.3
1.13
1.44
0.0%
0.1%

8:
Southwest
Region:
Fresno,
Kern,
Kings
and
Tulare
Counties
Cotton
Aldicarb
270,000
270,000
670,000
29.6
1.13
1.21
81.6%
44.0%
15­
Apr
Jan1­
Jul31
Nectarine
Formetanat
e
30,000
18,000
40,000
46.0
0.70
1.00
5.4%
4.9%

Cotton
Oxamyl
60,000
13,260
670,000
12.5
0.66
1.08
4.0%
9.8%
Jun1­
Aug28
Apr2­
Sep21
Oranges
Formetanat
e
10,000
6,000
170,000
5.8
1.02
1.15
1.8%
1.6%
Apr22­
Jun30
Apr2­
Oct10
Cotton
Carbofuran
20,000
4,800
670,000
5.1
0.48
1.30
1.5%
3.3%
Aug14­
Sep21
Jul20­
Nov16
Potatoes
Aldicarb
2,700
2,700
8,800
10.1
3.00
1.00
0.8%
0.4%
n/
a
n/
a
Tomatoes
Methomyl
40,000
2,600
100,000
40.1
0.70
1.53
0.8%
6.5%
May15­
Sep30
May5­
Oct20
Alfalfa
Carbofuran
9,200
2,208
270,000
5.6
0.60
1.00
0.7%
1.5%
Feb18­
Mar29
Dec28­
May27
Garlic
Oxamyl
6,200
1,370
20,000
13.6
2.00
1.00
0.4%
1.0%
Mar24­
29
Feb7­
May8
Cantaloupe
Oxamyl
4,700
1,039
30,000
16.1
0.95
1.00
0.3%
0.8%
Apr19­
Jun1
Feb27­
Sep25
Peaches
Formetanat
e
1,500
900
30,000
5.5
0.80
1.02
0.3%
0.2%
Mar6­
23
Mar6­
Jul27
Grapes,
Wine
Carbofuran
3,000
720
110,000
0.4
6.03
1.18
0.2%
0.5%
na
na
Dry
Beans/
Peas
Aldicarb
700
700
30,000
2.7
0.95
1.00
0.2%
0.1%

Cantaloupe
Methomyl
10,000
650
30,000
35.8
0.62
1.70
0.2%
1.6%
Jul1­
Sep15
Jun16­
Oct6
Lettuce
Methomyl
10,000
650
10,000
73.1
0.70
1.76
0.2%
1.6%
Jun15­
NOv30
Jun15­
NOv30
II.
D.
4
­
Page
12
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Grapes,
Table
Methomyl
9,500
618
70,000
16.8
0.75
1.01
0.2%
1.5%
May1­
Aug15
Mar3­
Oct9
Grapes,
Raisin
Carbofuran
2,400
576
290,000
0.3
2.80
1.00
0.2%
0.4%

Nectarine
Methomyl
5,500
358
40,000
12.0
0.75
2.00
0.1%
0.9%

Tangerine
Formetanat
e
500
300
4,000
14.0
0.81
1.10
0.1%
0.1%

Lemons
Formetanat
e
500
300
9,300
3.2
1.06
1.60
0.1%
0.1%
May1­
4
Apr26­
Aug12
Plums/
Prunes
Formetanat
e
500
300
50,000
0.9
1.15
1.00
0.1%
0.1%
Mar1­
22
Feb12­
MAr24
Grapefruit
Formetanat
e
400
240
3,400
6.3
1.13
1.82
0.1%
0.1%
Apr26­
May5
Apr26­
May24
Oranges
Carbaryl
30,000
240
170,000
3.2
4.40
1.24
0.1%
4.9%
May17­
Nov3
Jan1­
Dec21
Sugar
Beets
Methomyl
3,100
202
9,200
53.7
0.52
1.19
0.1%
0.5%
Jun15­
Oct10
May30­
Oct18
Oranges
Oxamyl
700
155
170,000
0.2
0.50
4.01
0.0%
0.1%
Feb3­
16;

May27­
Jun23;

Aug15­
Sep22
Feb3­
Sep22
Tomatoes
Oxamyl
700
155
100,000
1.2
0.59
1.00
0.0%
0.1%
Apr20­
Jul7
Mar27­
Aug18
Peaches
Oxamyl
600
133
30,000
0.5
2.00
2.00
0.0%
0.1%
Jan3­
Feb15
Jan3­
Feb15
Carrots
Methomyl
1,900
124
50,000
4.1
0.57
1.56
0.0%
0.3%
Aug15­
Sep25
May31­
Oct12
Garlic
Methomyl
1,600
104
20,000
5.5
0.45
2.90
0.0%
0.3%
Apr29­
May19
Apr29­
May19
Watermelon
Methomyl
1,600
104
5,700
21.9
0.62
2.05
0.0%
0.3%
Jun10­
Aug31
May19­
Sep11
Peaches
Carbaryl
10,000
80
30,000
5.4
4.02
1.39
0.0%
1.6%
May15­
Sep4
Jan2­
Oct19
Asparagus
Methomyl
1,200
78
3,900
36.5
0.82
1.05
0.0%
0.2%
Jun30­
Aug30
Jun30­
Sep14
Pistachios
Carbaryl
9,100
73
70,000
3.0
4.00
1.15
0.0%
1.5%
Feb5­
Jul4
Jan22­
Sep30
Alfalfa
Methomyl
1,100
72
270,000
1.4
0.29
1.00
0.0%
0.2%
Jun15­
Sep5
Mar14­
Sep27
Grapes,
Raisin
Methomyl
1,100
72
290,000
0.4
0.74
1.42
0.0%
0.2%
May1­
Aug15
Mar3­
Oct9
II.
D.
4
­
Page
13
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Onions
Methomyl
1,000
65
20,000
3.8
0.72
1.58
0.0%
0.2%
May11­
Jul20
Mar30­
Aug14
Broccoli
Methomyl
800
52
8,200
11.2
0.57
1.63
0.0%
0.1%
Aug1­
Oct30
Mar24­
Nov8
Oranges
Methomyl
800
52
170,000
0.8
0.61
1.00
0.0%
0.1%
Apr20­
Jun15;

Nov4­
30
Mar2­
Dec29
Potatoes
Methomyl
700
46
8,800
8.6
0.71
1.33
0.0%
0.1%
May7­
Jun28
Mar25­
Oct19
Onions
Oxamyl
200
44
20,000
0.3
1.00
2.00
0.0%
0.0%

Cotton
Carbaryl
4,900
39
670,000
1.5
0.50
1.00
0.0%
0.8%
Apr4­
Jul8
Mar24­
Oct8
Peaches
Methomyl
600
39
30,000
2.4
0.66
1.22
0.0%
0.1%
Apr10­
Sep15
Mar4­
Oct10
Plums/
Prunes
Carbaryl
4,800
38
50,000
3.3
2.97
1.00
0.0%
0.8%
Jan13­
Aug28
Jan2­
Oct23
Lettuce
Thiodicarb
2,900
35
10,000
19.4
0.63
1.66
0.0%
0.5%

Cantaloupe
Carbaryl
4,300
34
30,000
17.5
0.78
1.04
0.0%
0.7%
Apr9­
Aug21
Apr4­
Jul8
Nectarine
Carbaryl
4,200
34
40,000
4.0
3.20
1.00
0.0%
0.7%

Apples
Carbaryl
4,200
34
7,900
20.4
1.81
1.45
0.0%
0.7%
Apr10­
Sep15
Grapes,
Wine
Methomyl
500
33
110,000
0.4
0.74
1.22
0.0%
0.1%
Jan13­
Aug28
Cotton
Methomyl
400
26
670,000
0.1
0.48
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Peppers
Methomyl
400
26
4,500
9.9
0.56
1.70
0.0%
0.1%
Apr9­
Aug21
Plums/
Prunes
Methomyl
400
26
50,000
0.8
0.78
1.35
0.0%
0.1%

Walnuts
Methomyl
400
26
50,000
0.7
0.83
1.50
0.0%
0.1%

Tomatoes
Carbaryl
3,200
26
100,000
3.2
0.95
1.02
0.0%
0.5%

Potatoes
Oxamyl
100
22
8,800
1.1
0.73
1.00
0.0%
0.0%

Grapes,
Wine
Carbaryl
2,500
20
110,000
0.8
1.56
1.72
0.0%
0.4%

Watermelon
Carbaryl
2,500
20
5,700
30.7
0.96
1.46
0.0%
0.4%

Beans,
Snap
Methomyl
300
20
1,900
15.6
0.46
1.99
0.0%
0.0%

Cucumber
Methomyl
300
20
1,200
28.3
0.59
1.79
0.0%
0.0%

Grapefruit
Carbaryl
2,300
18
3,400
8.4
6.46
1.25
0.0%
0.4%

Almonds
Carbaryl
1,800
14
210,000
0.2
3.13
1.39
0.0%
0.3%

Almonds
Methomyl
200
13
210,000
0.1
0.62
1.00
0.0%
0.0%

Apricots
Carbaryl
1,300
10
4,900
7.8
2.85
1.16
0.0%
0.2%
II.
D.
4
­
Page
14
of
14
Carbamate
Usage
from
1998­
2002
Doanes
&
NASS
usage
data
(
10/
20/
04,
BEAD)

Crop
Active
Ingredient
lb
A.
I.
RPF­
adj
lb
ai
Planted
acres
%
crop
treated
App
Rate
No.
apps
%
rpfadj
lb
%
nonadj
lb
Most
active
app
dates
Ttl
Range
Lemons
Carbaryl
1,200
10
9,300
2.6
4.78
1.00
0.0%
0.2%

Grapes,
Raisin
Carbaryl
1,100
9
290,000
0.3
1.28
1.00
0.0%
0.2%

Grapes,
Table
Carbaryl
1,000
8
70,000
1.1
1.21
1.00
0.0%
0.2%

Dry
Beans/
Peas
Methomyl
100
7
30,000
1.3
0.33
1.09
0.0%
0.0%

Strawberries
Methomyl
100
7
800
6.5
0.67
2.89
0.0%
0.0%

Corn
Carbaryl
800
6
110,000
1.2
0.60
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Walnuts
Carbaryl
800
6
50,000
0.8
2.26
1.00
0.0%
0.1%

Carrots
Carbaryl
400
3
50,000
0.6
0.52
2.41
0.0%
0.1%

Sugar
Beets
Carbaryl
400
3
9,200
5.4
0.70
1.08
0.0%
0.1%

Asparagus
Carbaryl
200
2
3,900
3.0
1.51
1.15
0.0%
0.0%

Cherries
Carbaryl
200
2
1,700
2.9
2.63
1.17
0.0%
0.0%

Strawberries
Carbaryl
200
2
800
8.1
1.21
2.38
0.0%
0.0%

Beans,
Lima
Carbaryl
100
1
600
8.2
1.42
1.00
0.0%
0.0%

Beans,
Snap
Carbaryl
100
1
1,900
4.5
1.20
1.00
0.0%
0.0%

Lettuce
Carbaryl
100
1
10,000
0.5
0.95
1.43
0.0%
0.0%

Onions
Carbaryl
100
1
20,000
0.3
0.75
1.00
0.0%
0.0%

Peppers
Carbaryl
100
1
4,500
0.8
1.10
1.80
0.0%
0.0%

Squash
Carbaryl
100
1
500
7.2
0.95
1.99
0.0%
0.0%