Document ID: EPA-HQ-OAR-2011-0135-5252
Agency: epa
Document Type: Rule
Title: Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and MARPOL Annex VI Implementation
Posted Date: 2015-02-19T05:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 33 (Thursday, February 19, 2015)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 9077-9124]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-02846]

[[Page 9077]]

Vol. 80

Thursday,

No. 33

February 19, 2015

Part III

Environmental Protection Agency

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40 CFR Parts 59, 80, 85, et al.

 Amendments Related to: Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel 
Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and MARPOL Annex VI 
Implementation; Direct Final Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 80 , No. 33 / Thursday, February 19, 2015 / 
Rules and Regulations  

[[Page 9078]]

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 59, 80, 85, 86, 600, 1037, 1043, 1051, 1054, 1060, 
1065, and 1066

[EPA-HQ-OAR-2011-0135; FRL-9922-31-OAR]
RIN 2060-AS36

Amendments Related to: Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel 
Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and MARPOL Annex VI 
Implementation

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.

ACTION: Direct final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking direct 
final action on several amendments involving technical clarifications 
for different mobile source regulations. First, we are making a variety 
of corrections to the Tier 3 motor vehicle emission and fuel standards. 
These changes generally correct or clarify various provisions from the 
Tier 3 rule without expanding the Tier 3 program or otherwise making 
substantive changes. Second, we are revising the test procedures and 
compliance provisions for nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below 19 
kW (and for the corresponding nonroad equipment) to conform to current 
practices. The changes to evaporative emission test procedures also 
apply to some degree to other types of nonroad equipment powered by 
volatile liquid fuels. Third, we are addressing an ambiguity regarding 
permissible design approaches for portable fuel containers meeting 
evaporative emission standards. Fourth, we are revising the regulations 
to more carefully align with current requirements that apply to marine 
vessels with diesel engines as specified under MARPOL Annex VI. Fifth, 
we are correcting typographical errors in regulatory changes finalized 
in the Voluntary Quality Assurance Program rulemaking.
    This rulemaking action is not expected to result in any significant 
changes in regulatory burdens or costs.

DATES: This final rule is effective on May 5, 2015, without further 
notice, unless EPA receives adverse comment by April 6, 2015. If EPA 
receives adverse comment on any provisions of the rule, we will publish 
a timely withdrawal in the Federal Register informing the public that 
those specific provisions will not take effect. The incorporation by 
reference of certain publications listed in this regulation is approved 
by the Director of the Federal Register as of May 5, 2015.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-
OAR-2011-0135, by one of the following methods:
     www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line instructions for 
submitting comments.
     Email: A-and-R-Docket@epamail.epa.gov.
     Fax: (202) 566-9744
     Mail: Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, 
Environmental Protection Agency, Mailcode: 28221T, 1200 Pennsylvania 
Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460.
     Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, EPA WJC West Building, 
Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460. Such 
deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of 
operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of 
boxed information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-
2011-0135. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at 
www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, 
unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential 
Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is 
restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to 
be CBI or otherwise protected through www.regulations.gov or email. The 
www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which 
means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you 
provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment 
directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov your email 
address will be automatically captured and included as part of the 
comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the 
Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you 
include your name and other contact information in the body of your 
comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your 
comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for 
clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic 
files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of 
encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses. For additional 
information about EPA's public docket visit the EPA Docket Center 
homepage at http://www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm.
    Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the 
www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air and Radiation Docket 
and Information Center, EPA/DC, EPA WJC West, Room 3334, 1301 
Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open 
from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal 
holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 
566-1744, and the telephone number for the Air Docket is (202) 566-
1742.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Alan Stout, Office of Transportation 
and Air Quality, Assessment and Standards Division (ASD), Environmental 
Protection Agency, 2000 Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor MI 48105; Telephone 
number: (734) 214-4805; stout.alan@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Why is EPA using a Direct Final Rule?

    EPA is publishing this rule without a prior proposed rule because 
we view this as a noncontroversial action and anticipate no adverse 
comment. This is also intended to expedite the regulatory process to 
allow the modifications to take effect as soon as possible. However, in 
the ``Proposed Rules'' section of today's Federal Register, we are 
publishing a separate document that will serve as the proposed rule to 
adopt these same amendments if adverse comments are received on this 
direct final rule. We will not institute a second comment period on 
this action. Any parties interested in commenting must do so at this 
time. For further information about commenting on this rule, see the 
ADDRESSES section of this document.
    If EPA receives adverse comment on a distinct provision of this 
rulemaking, we will publish a timely withdrawal in the Federal Register 
indicating which provisions we are withdrawing. The provisions that are 
not withdrawn will become effective on the date set out above, 
notwithstanding adverse comment on any other provision. We would 
address all public comments in any subsequent final rule based on the 
proposed rule.
    EPA is publishing this direct final rule to expedite corrections to 
the regulatory text and clarifications and adjustments that generally 
reduce the burden and/or confusion related to

[[Page 9079]]

compliance with regulatory requirements. If you comment on this rule, 
we request that you identify any portions of the action with which you 
agree and support as written, in addition to any comments regarding 
suggestions for improvement or provisions with which you disagree. In 
the case of a comment that is otherwise not clearly adverse, EPA would 
interpret relevant comments calling for more flexibility or less 
restrictions as supportive of the direct final action. In this way, EPA 
will be able to adopt those elements of this action that are supported 
and most needed without delay, while considering and addressing any 
constructive or adverse comments received on the proposed rule in the 
course of developing the final rule.

Does this action apply to me?

    Entities potentially affected by this rule include gasoline 
refiners and importers, ethanol producers, ethanol denaturant 
producers, butane and pentane producers, gasoline additive 
manufacturers, transmix processors, terminals and fuel distributors, 
light-duty vehicle manufacturers, manufacturers of nonroad engines and 
equipment, manufacturers of marine compression-ignition engines, and 
owners and operators of ocean-going vessels and other commercial ships, 
and manufacturers of portable fuel containers.
    Potentially regulated categories include:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Category                         NAICS \a\ Code        Examples of potentially affected entities
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Industry................................  324110.....................  Petroleum refineries (including
                                                                        importers).
Industry................................  325110.....................  Butane and pentane manufacturers.
Industry................................  325193.....................  Ethyl alcohol manufacturing.
Industry................................  324110, 211112.............  Ethanol denaturant manufacturers.
Industry................................  211112.....................  Natural gas liquids extraction and
                                                                        fractionation.
Industry................................  325199.....................  Other basic organic chemical
                                                                        manufacturing.
Industry................................  486910.....................  Natural gas liquids pipelines, refined
                                                                        petroleum products pipelines.
Industry................................  424690.....................  Chemical and allied products merchant
                                                                        wholesalers.
Industry................................  325199.....................  Manufacturers of gasoline additives.
Industry................................  424710.....................  Petroleum bulk stations and terminals.
Industry................................  493190.....................  Other warehousing and storage-bulk
                                                                        petroleum storage.
Industry................................  336111, 336112.............  Light-duty vehicle and light-duty truck
                                                                        manufacturers.
Industry................................  335312, 336312, 336322,      Alternative fuel converters.
                                           336399, 811198.
Industry................................  333618, 336120, 336211,      On-highway heavy-duty engine & vehicle
                                           336312.                      (>8,500 lbs GVWR) manufacturers.
Industry................................  336611.....................  Manufacturers of marine vessels.
Industry................................  336612.....................  Manufacturers of marine vessels.
Industry................................  811310.....................  Engine repair and maintenance.
Industry................................  483........................  Water transportation, freight and
                                                                        passenger.
Industry................................  424710, 424720.............  Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals;
                                                                        Petroleum and Petroleum Products
                                                                        Wholesalers.
Industry................................  483113.....................  Coastal and Great Lakes Freight
                                                                        Transportation.
Industry................................  483114.....................  Coastal and Great Lakes Passenger
                                                                        Transportation.
Industry................................  333618.....................  Manufacturers of new engines.
Industry................................  333112.....................  Manufacturers of lawn and garden tractors
                                                                        (home).
Industry................................  811112, 811198.............  Commercial importers of vehicles and
                                                                        vehicle components.
Industry................................  326199, 332431.............  Portable fuel container manufacturers.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

    This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by this 
action. This table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware 
could potentially be regulated by this action. Other types of entities 
not listed in the table could also be regulated. To determine whether 
your activities are regulated by this action, you should carefully 
examine the applicability criteria in the referenced regulations. If 
you have any questions regarding the applicability of this action to a 
particular entity, consult the person listed in the preceding FOR 
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA?

    A. Submitting CBI. Do not submit this information to EPA through 
www.regulations.gov or email. Clearly mark the part or all of the 
information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or 
CD ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD ROM as 
CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CD ROM the 
specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one 
complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as 
CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information 
claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. 
Information so marked will not be disclosed except in accordance with 
procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
    B. Tips for Preparing Your Comments. When submitting comments, 
remember to:
     Identify the rulemaking by docket number and other 
identifying information (subject heading, Federal Register date and 
page number).
     Follow directions--The agency may ask you to respond to 
specific questions or organize comments by referencing a Code of 
Federal Regulations (CFR) part or section number.
     Explain why you agree or disagree, suggest alternatives, 
and substitute language for your requested changes.
     Describe any assumptions and provide any technical 
information and/or data that you used.
     If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how 
you arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be 
reproduced.
     Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns, and 
suggest alternatives.
     Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the 
use of profanity or personal threats.
     Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period 
deadline identified.

[[Page 9080]]

Table of Contents

I. Introduction
II. Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission Standards
III. 40 CFR part 80 Fuel Standards
IV. Small SI Test Fuel and Bonding Provisions
V. Evaporative Test Procedures for Nonroad Equipment
VI. Portable Fuel Containers
VII. MARPOL Annex VI Implementation
VIII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
IX. Statutory Provisions and Legal Authority

I. Introduction

    In this action we are adopting several amendments that will make 
technical clarifications to different mobile source regulations. This 
section provides an overview of the organization of this preamble. 
Section II describes amendments to the Tier 3 motor vehicle emission 
standards. Section III describes amendments to the 40 CFR part 80 fuel 
standards: including the Tier 3 gasoline sulfur standards, other part 
80 fuels regulations that were amended in the Tier 3 final rule, and 
amendments made in the Quality Assurance Program rulemaking. Section IV 
describes the changes to the testing and compliance provisions for 
nonroad spark-ignition engines, and Section V describes how we are 
changing the evaporative test procedures for nonroad equipment. Section 
VI describes amendments to the requirements that apply for portable 
fuel containers. Section VII summarizes the amendments related to our 
implementation of requirements for marine diesel engines and vessels 
under MARPOL Annex VI.

II. Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission Standards

    On April 28, 2014, we published a final rule adopting new emission 
standards and fuel requirements for motor vehicles and for motor 
vehicle fuels (79 FR 23414). The final rule included Tier 3 emission 
standards to reduce exhaust and evaporative emissions from light-duty 
vehicles, light-duty trucks, and heavy-duty vehicles up to 14,000 
pounds GVWR. In addition, the final rule specified corresponding 
changes to in-use fuel requirements.
    The Tier 3 motor vehicle program included extensive changes to 
emission standards and the regulatory requirements related to 
certification. This included several provisions to harmonize 
requirements with a similar set of standards adopted by the California 
Air Resources Board (California ARB). It also included a wide range of 
alternative measures intended to facilitate each manufacturer's efforts 
to make an orderly transition to meeting the Tier 3 standards 
nationwide. The resulting Tier 3 regulations accordingly included 
several variations, alternatives, and ancillary provisions. We have 
learned since concluding the Tier 3 rulemaking that there are several 
instances where the regulatory text implementing the Tier 3 program 
requires correction or clarification to achieve the intended result. 
None of the amendments are intended to expand the Tier 3 program or 
otherwise make substantive changes. We are therefore making the 
following amendments to the Tier 3 vehicle program regulations:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Regulatory citation                                          Description
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.   85.2108..............................  Remove section to reflect a recent change to Clean Air Act section
                                               207.
Sec.   86.101, Sec.   1066.301, and Sec.      Adjust the procedures for determining road-load parameters to more
 1066.305.                                     carefully align with current practice, including the option for
                                               manufacturers to use alternate methodologies that are consistent
                                               with the reference procedure, subject to good engineering
                                               judgment and EPA confirmatory testing. We are also restoring
                                               provisions describing how to develop road-load parameters for
                                               cold testing; the provisions from Sec.   86.229 were
                                               inadvertently replaced with a default instruction to use the same
                                               values for both FTP testing and cold testing. We are also
                                               changing terminology from ``coastdown'' to ``road-load
                                               determination'' for consistency.
Sec.  Sec.   86.095-35 and 1037.135.........  Revise the labeling requirement for incomplete heavy-duty vehicles
                                               to require designation of maximum fuel tank capacity only in
                                               cases where the certifying manufacturer relies on a downstream
                                               manufacturer to design and install the vehicle's fuel tanks. If
                                               the certifying manufacturer designs or installs the fuel tank,
                                               there is no need for the emission control information label to
                                               identify the appropriate fuel tank capacity.
Sec.  Sec.   86.101 and 86.1844-01..........  Clarify that reporting drive-cycle metrics to confirm driver
                                               accuracy continue to be optional until vehicles are subject to
                                               Tier 3 emission standards, and revise terminology for consistency
                                               with 40 CFR 1066.425.
Sec.   86.101...............................  Clarify that manufacturers may continue to certify in 2022 and
                                               later model years based on carryover of emission data generated
                                               using the procedures from 40 CFR part 86, subpart B, even though
                                               we require new testing in that time frame to use the procedures
                                               in 40 CFR part 1066.
Sec.   86.113...............................  Revise the format of the volatility specification to rely
                                               primarily on psi units and secondarily on kPa units. The kPa
                                               figures for non-evaporative testing also need to be corrected to
                                               align with the specified psi units. These changes align with the
                                               test fuel specifications that were in place before the Tier 3
                                               rule. We are also revising the table format for octane
                                               specifications to clarify that the both ASTM D2699 and ASTM D2700
                                               apply for determining octane values and octane sensitivity
                                               values.
Sec.   86.201...............................  Clarify how the migration to testing under 40 CFR part 1066 works
                                               for cold temperature testing. This is analogous to the migration
                                               provisions for general testing in Sec.   86.101.
Sec.   86.213...............................  Revise the specified tolerance for olefin concentration in the
                                               test fuel from 0.5 percent to 5.0
                                               percent. This reverses an inadvertent change made in the Tier 3
                                               final rule. We are also revising the table format for octane
                                               specifications to clarify that both ASTM D2699 and ASTM D2700
                                               apply for determining octane values and octane sensitivity
                                               values.
Sec.   86.513...............................  Correct a typographical error for the 90% point in the
                                               distillation curve for gasoline test fuel. This was erroneously
                                               published as part of the Tier 3 rule with an extra ``1'' before
                                               the specified temperature of 148.9 [deg]C. This change restores
                                               the temperature specification to what applied before we adopted
                                               the Tier 3 rule.
Sec.   86.513-2004..........................  Remove obsolete section. Fuel specifications for motorcycles are
                                               now addressed in Sec.   86.513 (with no model year designation),
                                               so the 2004 section is removed to avoid confusion.
Sec.   86.1801-12...........................  Clarify how the requirements of subpart S relate to the engine and
                                               vehicle provisions in 40 CFR part 1036 and part 1037.
Sec.   86.1803-01...........................  Revise the definition of ``averaging set'' to apply to all
                                               vehicles, not only heavy-duty vehicles.
Sec.  Sec.   86.1805-17 and 86.1811-17......  Address provisions for LDV above 6,000 pounds GVWR. A new
                                               paragraph describes how these vehicles are subject to the same
                                               transitional provisions that apply for LDV at or below 6,000
                                               pounds GVWR. We are also clarifying useful life provisions for
                                               LDV above 6,000 pounds GVWR. We described the useful life
                                               provisions based on a simple cutpoint of 6,000 pounds GVWR, which
                                               doesn't address a small number of LDV models that have higher
                                               GVWR values. Instead of changing the useful life values adopted
                                               for cold temperature emission standards, we are using the terms
                                               LDV and LLDT to characterize the vehicles that are subject to a
                                               useful life of 10 years or 120,000 miles. We are also clarifying
                                               that MDPVs are the only HDVs subject to standards under Sec.
                                               86.1818.

[[Page 9081]]

 
Sec.   86.1806-17...........................  Correct the citation to California ARB's OBD regulations to refer
                                               to the entire range of relevant OBD standards.
Sec.   86.1810-01...........................  Clarify that the provisions for determining NMOG from measured
                                               NMHC values also apply for Tier 2 vehicles, as specified in Sec.
                                                1066.635, except that manufacturers may continue to use a fixed
                                               adjustment factor of 1.04.
Sec.   86.1810-17...........................  Clarify that the provisions for testing flexible fuel vehicles on
                                               more than just gasoline or diesel fuel do not apply for
                                               greenhouse gas standards.
Sec.   86.1811-17(b)(8).....................  Clarify how to calculate and use credits for manufacturers that
                                               certify some vehicles to a useful life of 120,000 miles and other
                                               vehicles to a useful life of 150,000 miles. The main point of
                                               clarification is that vehicles certified to the shorter useful
                                               life on an interim basis may exchange emission credits with
                                               vehicles certified to either useful life, but the fleet-average
                                               standard for a given set of vehicles must correspond to the
                                               averaging set. We are also listing the emission standards that
                                               correspond to a 120,000 mile useful life rather than describing
                                               how to calculate those standards.
Sec.   86.1811-17(b)(8).....................  Add a provision that Interim Tier 3 vehicles must continue to meet
                                               the 4000-mile SFTP standards for NMHC+NOX and CO from Tier 2.
                                               This requirement was included in the preamble text for the
                                               proposed rule and the final rule, but was inadvertently omitted
                                               from the regulatory text.
Sec.   86.1811-17(b)(10)....................  Clarify provisions related to early credits: (1) Early credits may
                                               be used interchangeably (without adjustment) for vehicles
                                               certified to a useful life of either 120,000 miles or 150,000
                                               miles. (2) Accumulated early credits should be used for
                                               demonstrating compliance with model year 2017 standards before
                                               doing the calculations to address proportionality relative to
                                               California emission credits. (3) Negative credits are subtracted
                                               from credit totals during the three-year period for calculating
                                               credit caps (rather than ignoring them). (4) The calculation for
                                               applying the cap/threshold relative to California credits must be
                                               corrected to use the proper baseline quantity.
Sec.   86.1811-17(b)(11)....................  Clarify provisions related to early certification to Tier 3
                                               standards: (1) Bin 70 and cleaner vehicles are considered Tier 3
                                               vehicles on a voluntary basis and are therefore subject to the
                                               150,000 mile useful life. (2) The transitional aspects of the
                                               Tier 3 program apply equally to vehicles certified early to the
                                               Tier 3 standards.
Sec.   86.1811-17(g)........................  Revise the cold temperature testing specifications to clarify that
                                               CO and NMHC standards apply equally for certification and in-use
                                               testing, for low and high altitude, and for testing gasoline-only
                                               configurations of flexible-fuel vehicles.
Sec.   86.1813-17...........................  Clarify that no separate fleet-average calculation is required for
                                               demonstrating compliance with high-altitude evaporative emission
                                               standards. These standards are determined as bin values relative
                                               to the standard that applies for testing at low-altitude
                                               conditions.
Sec.   86.1829-15...........................  Adjust the refueling test waiver to state that it applies only for
                                               incomplete heavy-duty vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR, and for
                                               complete heavy-duty vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR with fuel
                                               tanks greater than 35 gallons, consistent with the preamble
                                               discussion in the final rule. These vehicles are the only ones
                                               that are newly subject to refueling emission standards. All
                                               smaller vehicles have already been subject to testing and
                                               certification requirements.
Sec.   86.1829-15...........................  Add a paragraph to preserve the provisions related to measurement
                                               of N2O emissions as originally adopted at Sec.   86.1829-
                                               01(b)(2)(iii)(G).
Sec.   86.1829-15...........................  Revise terminology to refer to ``durability groups'' rather than
                                               ``durability data groups'' for PM testing.
Sec.   86.1844-01...........................  Specify that a manufacturer's application for certification must
                                               include a description of leak families in addition to evaporative/
                                               refueling families. Since leak families are defined broadly, many
                                               manufacturers may have only a single leak family even if they
                                               have multiple evaporative/refueling families.
Sec.   86.1845-01...........................  Clarify that the PM measurement instructions are limited to
                                               vehicles subject to Tier 3 PM standards, as discussed in the
                                               final rule.
Sec.   86.1846-01...........................  Adjust the exclusion of high-mileage vehicles to the terminology
                                               changes to Sec.   86.1845-05. This change aligns with the current
                                               practice of not including the results from testing the designated
                                               high-mileage vehicle at low altitude for making an IUVP
                                               determination for the test group.
Sec.   86.1861-17...........................  Clarify that the separate averaging set corresponding to 120,000
                                               mile useful life applies only for NMOG+NOX emission standards.
Sec.  Sec.   600.116-12 and 1066.501........  Clarify that certain portions of SAE J1711 apply separately for
                                               charge-depleting and charge-sustaining operation for hybrid-
                                               electric vehicles.
Sec.   600.117..............................  Adjust the description to more clearly apply the interim allowance
                                               for using Tier 2 fuel to determine whether vehicles pass the
                                               ``litmus test'' for using derived 5-cycle testing for fuel
                                               economy, as described further below.
Sec.   600.117..............................  Revise the description for test fuels to clarify that cold testing
                                               may be done with the higher-volatility fuel specified in Sec.
                                               86.213, and that the requirement for using a common test fuel
                                               related to 5-cycle testing refers to the ethanol content of the
                                               fuel, not the whole range of test fuel specifications.
Sec.   1037.103.............................  Refer to Sec.   86.1805 for useful life values as they apply for
                                               evaporative emission standards, rather than referring more
                                               broadly to useful life values in 40 CFR part 86 for ``criteria
                                               pollutants''.
Sec.   1037.104.............................  Refer to the useful life values specified in Sec.   86.1805 for
                                               model year 2014 vehicles for the HD GHG standards. This sets the
                                               useful life values for the HD GHG standards to a fixed value,
                                               rather than specifying a cross reference to a section of the
                                               regulations that describes changing useful life values.
Sec.  Sec.   1065.10 and 1066.10............  Allow for a one-year lead time for upgrading to test procedure
                                               changes in 40 CFR part 86 where those changes would otherwise be
                                               required immediately with the effective date of the final rule.
                                               This is consistent with existing provisions for changes to 40 CFR
                                               part 1065 and part 1066. Note that this does not delay
                                               implementation of procedures corresponding to new emission
                                               standards.
Sec.   1065.610.............................  Correct a sample calculation.
Sec.   1065.710.............................  Correct the units for specifying hydrocarbon composition. These
                                               units were inadvertently changed in the Tier 3 rule from
                                               fractional to percent values. We are specifying these values in
                                               volume % to align with the associated ASTM procedure.
Sec.   1065.710.............................  Revise the format of the volatility specification to include
                                               reference values in psi units.
Sec.   1066.125.............................  Correct the description of calculating 1 Hz mean values.
Sec.   1066.125.............................  Add a parenthetical reference to torque in pound-foot units
                                               corresponding to the primary value in Newtons.
Sec.   1066.420.............................  Clarify that it is permissible to push the test vehicle onto the
                                               dynamometer to prepare for a hot-start or hot-stabilized test, as
                                               opposed to driving the vehicle onto the dynamometer.
Sec.   1066.605.............................  Revise the sequence of calculations to determine a NOX result. The
                                               proper sequence is to first correct for background concentration,
                                               then to correct for intake air humidity.

[[Page 9082]]

 
Sec.   1066.615.............................  Correct the equations to properly apply the NOX humidity
                                               correction factor to account for humidity in the background
                                               measurement.
Sec.   1066.635.............................  Clarify that the appropriate NMOG calculation for plug-in hybrid
                                               electric vehicles is based on operation over one full UDDS.
Sec.   1066.701.............................  Correct a temperature that was inadvertently identified as 20
                                               [deg]C instead of 20 [deg]F.
Sec.   1066.710.............................  Clarify the instructions for heat settings during cold testing to
                                               more carefully differentiate between automatic systems that
                                               operate either in manual mode or in automatic mode. Automatic
                                               systems operating in manual mode should be set to a temperature
                                               of 72 [deg]F ``or higher'' to align with current practice.
Sec.   1066.801.............................  Correct an error in the testing flowchart so that the flowchart
                                               matches the procedure described in the regulations.
Sec.   1066.815.............................  Reorganize the instructions for testing with and without bag 4 to
                                               improve the clarity of the test sequence.
Sec.   1066.831.............................  Revise the description for testing heavy-duty vehicles at adjusted
                                               loaded vehicle weight to exclude MDPVs, which are tested like
                                               light-duty trucks.
Sec.   1066.835.............................  Add a provision allowing for keeping the vehicle-cooling fan
                                               running while the vehicle is stopped if that is necessary for
                                               keeping ambient conditions within specified parameters.
Sec.   1066.845.............................  Adjust the description of air conditioning settings during the
                                               AC17 test to describe how to account for systems with separate
                                               rear controls, and for systems that change default settings at
                                               key-off.
Sec.   1066.1005............................  Move the prefix ``n'' to be in the proper order.
Various.....................................  Change from ``LA-92'' to ``Hot-LA-92'' to allow us to specify that
                                               the referenced test procedure is only the first 1435 seconds of
                                               what is known as the LA-92 driving schedule. The full cycle is
                                               1735 seconds. This change is necessary to accomplish the intended
                                               alignment with the California ARB standards.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    We are also making various corrections for typographical errors and 
regulatory cross references. Note that one of these corrections is in 
the regulations for recreational vehicles at 40 CFR 1051.501 to 
maintain a proper cross reference to the driving schedules in Appendix 
I of 40 CFR part 86. We are also correcting a typographical error from 
Sec.  86.529-98 that was published several years ago. The specified 
range of loaded vehicle masses corresponding to certain road-load force 
coefficients and inertia weights has an entry that should be listed as 
applying from 656 to 665 kg; the published entry mistakenly identifies 
the range as 565 to 665 kg.
    One additional issue relates to test fuel for fuel economy testing. 
In the Tier 3 final rule, EPA changed the certification test fuel for 
the Tier 3 exhaust emission standards from a 9 psi RVP fuel with no 
ethanol (E0) (commonly referred to as Tier 2 fuel) to a 9 psi RVP fuel 
with 10 percent ethanol (E10). As an interim provision, EPA permitted 
vehicles certifying at levels above Bin 70 to use E0 fuel for Tier 3 
certification through model year 2019. The rule also permits early 
certification to Tier 3 requirements using 7 psi RVP E10 test fuel, 
commonly referred to as LEV III fuel since the California LEV III 
program phase-in begins with model year 2015. The rule also provides 
manufacturers the option to use EPA 9RVP E0 fuel or 9RVP E10 fuel for 
certification for cold temperature testing since California does not 
specify a test fuel for that testing.
    Under the fuel economy regulations, manufacturers use the results 
of their exhaust emission tests as the basis for calculating litmus 
test evaluations (see 40 CFR 600.115-11). However, in the Tier 3 rule 
EPA did not change the fuel economy test fuel specifications from E0 to 
E10 as was done for Tier 3 exhaust emissions. The preamble to the final 
rule recognized that the difference in the emission and fuel economy 
test fuels has the potential to require extra emission testing for the 
fuel economy evaluations. To minimize this burden, EPA included several 
provisions in the regulations to minimize this potential burden (see 40 
CFR 600.117) and indicated a commitment to make any appropriate 
adjustments to the fuel economy regulations to accommodate the change 
to an E10 test fuel when the needed emission data become available.
    As is discussed in the final rule (79 FR 23531-23533, April 28, 
2014), central to the litmus test evaluation is the requirement that 
data be available for all five emission test cycles and that the data 
be generated using the same test fuel on each cycle. Some confusion has 
arisen as to what cold FTP test fuel should be used in the litmus 
evaluations for early Tier 3 certifications using LEV III test fuel and 
for Tier 3 certification above Bin 70 before model year 2020. This 
occurs because California ARB does not specify a cold FTP test fuel 
and, as a transitional measure, EPA permits certification to Tier 3 Bin 
125 and Bin 160 using Tier 2 fuel. This amendment clarifies that the 
fuel economy test fuel requirements govern for the litmus test 
evaluations. As indicated in the preamble to the final rule at 79 FR 
23533, manufacturers may use LEV III fuel (California Phase 3) in lieu 
of Tier 3 fuel, but any cold FTP testing must be done using the Tier 3 
cold FTP fuel. Thus, for purposes of the litmus test cold temperature 
testing, manufacturers must use the same test fuel (E10) as used for 
the other four cycles. For early Tier 3 certifications using LEV III 
test fuel, the cold FTP test data must be generated using Tier 3 cold 
FTP test fuel and in the case of the higher bins in the Tier 3 program 
as discussed above, the cold FTP must be based on the same fuel as used 
for the other four test cycles. The flexibility afforded for exhaust 
emission certification does not carry over to the litmus test 
evaluations.

III. 40 CFR Part 80 Fuel Standards

    After promulgation of the Tier 3 final rulemaking (79 FR 23414, 
April 28, 2014), we discovered some typographical errors and other 
areas in the part 80 regulations that we believe would benefit from 
some additional clarity. The following sections discuss the amendments 
to remedy these concerns.

A. Performance-Based Measurement Systems (PBMS)

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Section                            Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80.8(e)(1)(iii)..............  Amended to update IBR to most recent ASTM
                                standard practice D5842-14 (Standard
                                Practice for Sampling and Handling for
                                Fuels for Volatility Measurement,
                                approved January 15, 2014).
80.46(d).....................  Amended to clarify that distillation
                                precision criterion is based on the
                                reproducibility of Table 10 Groups 2, 3
                                and 4 (Automated Method) contained in
                                ASTM D86-07--clarifying note added to
                                state that precision estimates in ASTM
                                D86-12 do not apply.

[[Page 9083]]

 
80.46(b)(1), (c)(2), (d),      Amended to clarify beginning January 1,
 (e), (f)(1), and (g)(1).       2016 a test method approved under 40 CFR
                                80.47 ``must'' be used, rather than
                                ``may'' be used, by the regulated
                                community for demonstrating compliance
                                measurements to EPA fuels standards.
80.47(a)(7)..................  Amended to correct typographical error
                                (``referee'' to ``reference'').
80.47(b)(1), (c)(1), (d)(1),   Amended to correct typographical error
 (e)(1), (f)(1), (g)(1),        (``emissions'' to ``omissions''); and to
 (h)(1), (i)(1), (j)(1).        add the statement ``tests may be
                                arranged into no fewer than five batches
                                of four or fewer tests each, with only
                                one such batch allowed per day over the
                                minimum of 20 days''.
80.47(c)(1), (c)(2)(i),        Amended to correct the examples listed
 (c)(2)(ii).                    for precision and accuracy demonstration
                                for sulfur in butane to be consistent
                                with the sulfur in gasoline 10 ppm
                                average.
80.47(h)(1)..................  Amended to: correct typographical errors;
                                clarify that distillation precision
                                criterion is based on the
                                reproducibility of Table 10 Groups 2, 3
                                and 4 (Automated Method) contained in
                                ASTM D86-07 (clarifying note added
                                stating that precision estimates in D86-
                                12 do not apply); and revise IBR of D86
                                to the 2007 version.
80.47(i)(1)..................  Revised benzene precision criteria to
                                0.15 times R, rather than 0.3 times R to
                                be consistent with preamble discussion.
80.47(l).....................  Amended to revise section heading and add
                                paragraphs (l)(1)(ii) and (l)(2)(ii) to
                                allow for Non-Voluntary Consensus
                                Standard Based (non-VCSB) absolute fuel
                                parameter of sulfur in gasoline and
                                butane. Also clarifying that either a
                                ``test facility or VCSB'' must meet the
                                requirements of Sec.   80.47(l).
80.47(m)(6)..................  Amended to correct reference for the use
                                of the term ``cross-method
                                reproducibility'' in ASTM D6708 from
                                ``as required'' to ``as recommended''
                                and replaced the term ``cross-method
                                reproducibility'' with ``between methods
                                reproducibility'' to be consistent with
                                D6708-13.
80.47(n)(2)(i), (o)(2)(i),     Amended to correct references to D6299-13
 (p)(3)(i).                     with regards to use of a quality control
                                material (paragraph 3.2.3 changed to
                                3.2.8), I Chart (section 7 changed to
                                section 8) and MR charts (section A1.5.2
                                changed to A1.5.4).
80.47(n)(2)(ii), (o)(2)(ii),   Amended to correct references to D6299-13
 (p)(3)(ii).                    with regards to use of an I Chart
                                (changed section 7 to section 8.7).
80.47(n)(2)(iv), (o)(2)(iv),   Amended to move the phrase ``The expanded
 (p)(2)(iv); and (n)(1)(ii),    uncertainty of the accepted reference
 (o)(1)(ii), (p)(1)(ii).        value of consensus named fuels shall
                                have the following accuracy
                                qualification criterion: Accuracy
                                qualification criterion = square root
                                [(0.75R)[supcaret]2+(0.75R)[supcaret]2/
                                L], where L = the number of single
                                results obtained from different labs
                                used to calculate the consensus ARV.''
                                from paragraphs (n)(2)(iv), (o)(2)(iv),
                                (p)(2)(iv) to paragraphs (n)(1)(ii),
                                (o)(1)(ii), (p)(1)(ii), respectively.
80.47(o)(1)..................  Amended to clarify value of ARV when not
                                provided in an Inter Laboratory
                                Crosscheck Program, by adding the
                                following: ``Facilities using a VCSB
                                alternative method defined test method
                                must use the Accepted Reference Value of
                                the check standard as determined in a
                                VCSB Inter Laboratory Crosscheck Program
                                (ILCP) or a commercially available ILCP
                                following the guidelines of ASTM D6299.
                                If the Accepted Reference Value is not
                                provided in the ILCP, accuracy must be
                                assessed based upon the respective EPA
                                designated test method using appropriate
                                production samples.''
80.47(o)(1)..................  Amended to clarify that ILCPs are
                                acceptable, by adding the following:
                                ``(Examples of ILCP: ASTM Reformulated
                                Gasoline ILCP or ASTM motor gasoline
                                ILCP)''.
80.47(p)(1)..................  Amended to clarify value of ARV when not
                                provided in ILCP, by adding the
                                following: ``Facilities using a Non-VCSB
                                alternative method defined test method
                                must use the Accepted Reference Value of
                                the check standard as determined in
                                either a VCSB Inter Laboratory
                                Crosscheck Program (ILCP) or a
                                commercially available ILCP following
                                the guidelines of ASTM D6299. If the
                                Accepted Reference Value is not provided
                                in the ILCP, accuracy must be assessed
                                based upon the respective EPA designated
                                test method using appropriate production
                                samples.''
80.47(p)(1)..................  Amended to address concern that
                                reproducibility is not established with
                                Non-VCSB test methods, by adding the
                                following: ``The facility must construct
                                ``MR'' and ``I'' charts with control
                                lines as described in section 8.4 and
                                appropriate Annex sections of this
                                standard practice. In circumstances
                                where the absolute difference between
                                the mean of multiple back-to-back tests
                                of the standard reference material and
                                the accepted reference value of the
                                standard reference material is greater
                                than 0.75 times the published
                                reproducibility of the fuel parameter's
                                respective designated test method must
                                be investigated by the facility.''
80.47(r)(1)(i)...............  Amended to revise IBR of ASTM D86 to the
                                2007 version.
80.330(b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(ii),   Amended to update IBR to most recent ASTM
 (b)(2).                        standard practice D5842-14 (Standard
                                Practice for Sampling and Handling for
                                Fuels for Volatility Measurement,
                                approved January 15, 2014), and for
                                consistency with IBR language throughout
                                subpart O.
80.584(a)(1) through (a)(3)..  Amended to correct inconsistencies with
                                PBMS in Sec.   80.47 regarding
                                requirements for PBMS for sulfur in
                                diesel fuel and ECA Marine Fuel at Sec.
                                 80.584 with regards to frequency of
                                testing for the precision demonstration
                                and VCSB self-qualification starting
                                January 1, 2016.
80.584(a)(1) through (a)(3)..  Amended to insert phrase ``(tests may be
                                arranged into no fewer than five batches
                                of four or fewer tests each, with only
                                one such batch allowed per day over the
                                minimum of 20 days)'' in applicable
                                areas for diesel and ECA marine fuel to
                                be consistent with frequency of testing
                                for precision demonstration at Sec.
                                80.47.
80.585(a)....................  Amended to revise diesel and ECA marine
                                fuel sulfur qualification regulations to
                                be consistent with PBMS (i.e., starting
                                January 1, 2016), VCSB test methods self-
                                qualify and need not be reported to the
                                Agency for approval.
80.585(a), (e)(1), (e)(4),     Amended to correct inconsistencies with
 (f).                           PBMS in Sec.   80.47 regarding
                                requirements for PBMS for sulfur in
                                diesel fuel and ECA marine fuel at Sec.
                                 80.584 with regards to frequency of
                                testing for the precision demonstration
                                and VCSB self-qualification starting
                                January 1, 2016; and to add a new
                                paragraph (f) for IBR.
80.585(e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(4),  Amended to update IBR and reference for
 (f).                           use on ASTM D6299-13 in applicable
                                diesel and ECA marine fuel sulfur
                                regulations to be consistent with
                                reference of use of ASTM D6299-13 in
                                PBMS regulations at Sec.   80.47, and to
                                make minor formatting changes for IBR
                                consistency throughout part 80.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 9084]]

B. Quality Assurance Program Amendments

    This action also makes minor technical amendments to regulatory 
changes finalized in the Voluntary Quality Assurance Program Rulemaking 
(``QAP Rule'', 79 FR 42078, July 18, 2014). We are changing Sec.  
80.1471(d)(1) to reflect a change that industry widely requested and 
the public supported. In the final rulemaking we agreed to extend the 
notification period by an auditor for potentially invalid RINs from 
``within the next business day'' to ``within five business days.'' We 
inadvertently neglected to change this reference in Sec.  80.1471(d)(1) 
to the new ``within five business days'' language.
    In the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for the QAP Rule, we proposed 
a new section at Sec.  80.1433 that would have changed the way parties 
that redesignated renewable fuels for non-qualifying uses would have to 
retire RINs, and we proposed new product transfer document (PTD) 
language at Sec.  80.1453(a)(12) to help convey the requirement to 
separate and/or retire RINs for parties that wished to redesignate 
renewable fuel for a non-qualifying use. After careful consideration of 
the public comments received, we chose not to finalize the proposed 
Sec.  80.1433 requirements. This action is removing the extraneous 
reference to Sec.  80.1433 in Sec.  80.1453.
    Additionally, we are amending the PTD requirements at Sec.  
80.1453(a) to make the scope of these requirements consistent with 
similar requirements in other fuels programs. When we altered the scope 
of the PTD requirements at Sec.  80.1453 to include both neat and 
blended renewable fuels, we did not intend to expand the scope of these 
PTD requirements to convey the information at Sec.  80.1453 to the 
consumer of such fuels, in most cases. In the preamble to the final QAP 
Rule, we noted that these requirements were meant to apply to regulated 
parties (79 FR 42105, July 18, 2014).
    Historically, EPA has required applicable information on PTDs 
accompanying fuels to be conveyed through to retail stations and 
wholesale purchaser-consumers. The EPA has, in most cases, included 
language that exempts parties that are transferring title or custody of 
fuel to the ultimate consumer (e.g., the PTD requirements for 
detergents at Sec.  80.158 and for E15 at Sec.  80.1503) or dispensing 
the fuel from a retail station or wholesale purchaser-consumer's tank 
to a motor vehicle or nonroad engine (e.g., the PTD requirements for 
diesel and gasoline sulfur at Sec. Sec.  80.590 and 80.1651, 
respectively). Requiring PTD language to convey information all the way 
down to consumers fueling at a retail station or homes receiving 
heating oil has little benefit to the effectiveness of EPA's fuels 
programs and could be quite costly for retail stations and home heating 
oil distributors. Therefore, we are clarifying the scope of Sec.  
80.1453 by adding an exemption to the PTD requirements for renewable 
fuels dispensed into motor vehicles and nonroad vehicles, engines, and 
equipment (to include jet engines and home heating units).

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Section                            Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80.1426(c)(7)................  Amended to correct typographical error
                                (``Sec.   80.1451(b)(1)(ii)(T)(3)'' to
                                ``Sec.   80.1451(b)(1)(ii)(T)(2)'').
80.1453(a) introductory text.  Amended for clarity in scope of
                                requirements.
80.1453(a)(12) introductory    Amended to remove extraneous reference to
 text.                          80.1433.
80.1471(d)...................  Amended to add to ``within five business
                                days'', consistent with the intent
                                stated in the QAP rule preamble.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

C. Tier 3 Rulemaking Provisions Minor Technical Amendments

    As mentioned above, this rule corrects minor typographical errors 
that were discovered following the promulgation of the Tier 3 final 
rule (both within 40 CFR part 80, subpart O, as well as additional 40 
CFR part 80 provisions that were finalized as part of our regulatory 
streamlining efforts in the Tier 3 rulemaking). The following table 
contains a list of these amendments and a description of the change:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Section                            Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80.2(cccc)...................  Removed new definition of natural gas, as
                                this definition already exists at Sec.
                                80.2(tt).
80.75(a)(2)(xi)(G)...........  Amended to correct reference from ``Sec.
                                 80.82(c) or (d)'' to ``Sec.
                                80.86(a)(3) or (a)(4)''.
80.82(e)(1)..................  Amended to clarify that the provisions of
                                an EPA-approved State Implementation
                                Plan (SIP) apply to butane blenders.
80.85(a).....................  Amended introductory text to correct
                                typographical errors (``refinery'' to
                                ``refiner'').
80.85(i).....................  Amended to correct typographical errors
                                (``they'' to ``it'', ``comply'' to
                                complies'').
80.86(b)(2)(iv) and            Amended to correct typographical errors
 (b)(3)(iii).                   (``complaint'' to ``compliant'').
80.86(c).....................  Amended to clarify that the PTD for
                                pentane used by pentane blenders must
                                contain the pentane producer or importer
                                company name and facility registration
                                number issued by EPA and the name and
                                address of the transferor and transferee
                                consistent with other part 80 PTD
                                requirements.
80.315(b)(1)(iii),             The Tier 3 rulemaking changed the due
 80.1295(b)(1)(ii).             date for annual reports and credits from
                                the end of February to March 31 for all
                                40 CFR part 80 fuels programs; these
                                paragraphs are being amended because the
                                February date was inadvertently left in
                                Sec.  Sec.   80.315(b)(1)(iii) and
                                80.1295(b)(1)(ii).
80.330(c)(1), (d)(2).........  Amended to correct year (``December 31,
                                20'' to ``December 31, 2015'').
80.597(d)(3).................  Amended to correct reference from
                                paragraph (d) to paragraph (d)(3).
80.1270(b)(2)................  Amended to clarify that butane blenders
                                using the provisions of Sec.   80.82 and
                                pentane blenders using the provisions of
                                Sec.   80.85 may not generate benzene
                                credits.
80.1609(a)...................  Amended to correct typographical error
                                and to correct a regulatory cite.
80.1611(a)(1),...............  Amended to improve the clarity in cases
                                where producers of certified ethanol
                                denaturants produce product to a lower
                                sulfur maximum than the required 300 ppm
                                maximum.
80.1611(c) introductory text,  Amended for improved clarity and to
 (c)(1), and (c)(2).            correct typographical errors.
80.1611(d)...................  Amended to correct typographical error
                                (``denaturant'' instead of
                                ``oxygenate'').
80.1613(a)...................  Amended to correct typographical error
                                (``less than 1.0'' replaces ``1.0 or
                                less'').
80.1613(b)(3)................  Added to clarify that it is a violation
                                to exceed an additive manufacturer's
                                recommended treatment level when doing
                                so would contribute more than 3 ppm to
                                the sulfur content of the resulting
                                finished gasoline.

[[Page 9085]]

 
80.1615(d)(1), (d)(2)........  Revised for clarity by moving the phrase
                                ``From January 1, 2017 through December
                                31, 2019'' to the beginning of each
                                paragraph.
80.1616(a)(4)................  Amended to add a ``Reserved'' paragraph
                                (a)(4) to fix numbering error.
80.1616(b)(2)................  Amended language to clarify that credits
                                expire on December 31 and are reported
                                the following March 31.
80.1620(d)...................  Revised to correct year to 2012.
80.1620(e)(1), (e)(2), (f)(1)  Revised to correct dates to 2013.
80.1621(c), (d)..............  Reserved paragraph (c); added paragraph
                                (d), which was inadvertently deleted
                                from the regulations, but is referred to
                                in the preamble and in Sec.
                                80.1622(e).
80.1640(a)(2)................  Amended to correct reference from
                                paragraph (a)(5) to paragraph (a)(1).
80.1642(c)(3)................  Amended paragraph to correct
                                typographical errors.
80.1650......................  Amended to remove phrase ``whichever is
                                earlier'' from paragraphs specifying the
                                dates by which reports must be
                                submitted, as this would contradict the
                                ability of parties to register after the
                                initial date that parties involved in a
                                given activity must be registered.
80.1652(c)...................  Amended to correct word error
                                (``producer'' instead of ``refiner'').
80.1667(c)(1)................  Removed paragraph (c)(1) to match the
                                intentions of Sec.   80.1615(a) that
                                refiners--including gasoline blenders
                                (excluding those specified in Sec.
                                80.1615(a)(3))--may generate Tier 3
                                credits beginning in 2014.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Small SI Test Fuel and Bonding Provisions

    On June 17, 2013, EPA modified the test procedures for measuring 
exhaust emissions from land-based nonroad small spark-ignition engines 
(small SI engines) to allow for exhaust emission certification testing 
with a test fuel that has 10 percent ethanol as specified by California 
ARB (78 FR 36370). We adopted that provision on an interim basis, 
through model year 2019, with the expectation that we would further 
evaluate the appropriate test fuel for onroad and nonroad applications. 
The Tier 3 motor vehicle emission standards include a new certification 
test fuel specification that is much like California ARB's Phase 3 test 
fuel in that it includes 10 percent ethanol (E10).
    Small SI manufacturers have requested that we address the test fuel 
questions in a way that does not leave them uncertain about 
certification test fuel options starting in model year 2020. While the 
effort to adopt the new EPA nonroad test fuel specification lies ahead, 
we agree with the manufacturers that the new ethanol-based test fuel 
associated with the Tier 3 motor vehicle emission standards allows us 
to take the step of removing the expiration of the provision allowing 
for the use of the similar California ARB Phase 3 test fuel for small 
SI engines. In the future, we expect to go through a rulemaking to 
incorporate EPA's Tier 3 test fuel into the emission programs for small 
spark-ignition engines, including an assessment of how the changing 
test fuel relates to the stringency of the emission standards.
    When we adopted Phase 3 exhaust emission standards for Small SI 
engines in 2008, we included a new set of requirements for 
manufacturers to post a bond as a means of ensuring compliance with 
regulatory requirements (73 FR 59034, October 8, 2008). Manufacturers 
have been complying with the bond requirements since 2010. The bond 
provisions are generally working as expected, but we have found several 
items that should be adjusted or clarified to help with ongoing 
implementation, as follows:
     Clarify that bonds are intended to cover any improperly 
funded compliance obligations relative only to engines that must comply 
with 40 CFR part 1054. The bond provisions are not intended to extend 
to engines that a manufacturer certifies under other EPA programs.
     Specify that small-volume engine manufacturers and small-
volume equipment manufacturers (collectively small-volume 
manufacturers, as defined in 40 CFR 1054.801) are subject to an 
alternate minimum bond value of $25,000, rather than the $500,000 
minimum that applies for other manufacturers. This arrangement has been 
the working policy under the broader allowance specified in Sec.  
1054.635(d). Codifying these terms allows us to streamline the process 
and remove uncertainty for small-volume manufacturers.
     Adopt a cap on the bond value that corresponds to the 
applicable bond-waiver threshold. Since U.S.-based assets are roughly 
analogous to bond values as a measure of our ability to compel 
compliance (or remedy deficiencies) for the different kinds of 
companies, this approach provides a measure of parity or fairness 
between those that must post bond and those that qualify for a bond 
waiver based on their assets in the United States. This is consistent 
with the approach we took on an interim basis to specify a maximum bond 
value of $10 million. The new provision replaces the $10 million cap in 
Sec.  1054.145(o).
     Clarify how bond values may change within a given year, 
and in future years: (1) Bond values may be adjusted for a given year 
any time before the first importation or sale for that year; (2) once a 
bond value is fixed for a given year, that value may not be decreased 
during the year, even if sales volumes are less than anticipated; and 
(3) bond values may be reset with each new year, but these values must 
reflect actual sales volumes for the preceding three years. This 
arrangement allows a manufacturer to take a deliberate approach to 
resetting bond values if sales volumes change substantially over time.
     Change the protocol for adjusting thresholds and bond 
values for inflation. Small, annual changes create confusion and an 
implementation burden, with very small incremental benefit. To 
streamline that process and still account for the cumulative effects of 
inflation, we are specifying that we will adjust the thresholds and 
bond values in 2020, and every ten years after that, using a less 
precise rounding protocol. These changes will not require rulemaking to 
take effect, but we will likely modify the regulation to reflect these 
periodic adjustments.

V. Evaporative Test Procedures for Nonroad Equipment

    We specify evaporative emission standards, test procedures, and 
certification requirements in 40 CFR part 1060. This includes 
measurement procedures for fuel permeation through fuel lines and fuel 
tanks, and for diurnal emissions from fuel tanks. We are making the 
following changes to these regulations:
     Clarify that boat builders and other equipment 
manufacturers that install uncertified components are required to 
certify those fuel-system components as if they were component 
manufacturers. The original regulatory language described a requirement 
for equipment manufacturers to certify as equipment manufacturers if 
they were installing uncertified components, but we have

[[Page 9086]]

found that the certification process is most straightforward if we 
treat them as component manufacturers.
     The test procedures originally allowed for manufacturers 
to use good engineering judgment to address technical concerns related 
to measuring emissions from narrow-diameter fuel lines. In 2013, SAE 
published a voluntary consensus standard (SAE J2996) specifying 
measurement procedures for these narrow-diameter fuel lines. We agree 
that the SAE standard reflects good engineering judgment in the effort 
to measure emissions and are therefore incorporating this standard by 
reference in Sec.  1060.515. This alternative SAE standard was designed 
for Small SI products, but it may be used in other applications as 
well; note, however, that U.S. Coast Guard requires measurements based 
on SAE J1527 in some cases. We are including the following 
clarifications and adjustments related to the specified SAE standards 
for all fuel-line permeation testing: (1) The test requires emission 
sampling over a 14-day period; (2) Two days of non-testing per week are 
allowed to accommodate weekend work schedules; (3) To remove any 
ambiguity from the published SAE standards, we are stating in our 
regulations that testing must occur at 232 [deg]C; and (4) 
The final test result is based on a simple arithmetic average of 
measured emission values over the 14-day sampling period. These changes 
allow for internal consistency, and generally align with the procedures 
adopted by California ARB. To the extent that there are remaining 
differences, manufacturers may ask for approval to use different 
procedures under Sec.  1060.505(c)(2) or (c)(3).
     Correct a typographical error in the kPa pressure value 
for preconditioning fuel tanks for a permeation measurement. The psi 
value in the regulation is correct.
     Correct the sample calculation for determining an emission 
result from a diurnal emission test.
     Adjust the procedure to account for buoyancy effects in 
tank permeation measurements by replacing the requirement to use two 
identical tanks with a requirement to use a second tank that has a 
total volume that is within 5 percent of the test tank's total volume. 
This will allow manufacturers and test labs to rely on a smaller number 
of stock fuel tanks to make the necessary but minor corrections that 
result from fluctuating atmospheric pressure.
     Adjust and clarify diurnal test procedures: (1) Add a 
specification for in-tank thermocouples for tracking fuel temperature 
for testing marine fuel tanks; (2) Replace the hourly profile of fuel 
temperatures with clearer specification about tracking test fuel 
temperature from a specified starting point to a specified (calculated) 
endpoint. The vapor generation should be nearly constant between test 
runs as long as fuel temperature continues to increase from the low 
temperature to the high temperature; (3) Standardize the procedure for 
purging the evaporative canister to prepare for testing based on a 
simulation of the in-use experience; this is based on engine purge for 
land-based applications, and on passive (ambient) purge for marine 
applications. This canister preconditioning is a necessary step to 
establish a known starting point for designing a system that meets the 
diurnal emission standard; and (4) Include temperature tolerance bands 
for the diurnal temperature cycle. Note that we are not proposing or 
requesting comment on changing the test procedure for marine fuel tanks 
to base the temperature profile on ambient temperatures instead of fuel 
temperatures.
     Establish a gravimetric test method for determining mass 
of emissions for tanks with a diurnal emission standard of at least 2.0 
grams of hydrocarbon. Emission test procedures involving an emission 
standard of less than 2.0 grams of hydrocarbon need the more accurate 
measurements available from using a flame ionization detector (FID) 
within a sealed enclosure.

VI. Portable Fuel Containers

    On February 26, 2007, EPA adopted a set of requirements to reduce 
emissions from portable fuel containers (PFC) at 40 CFR part 59, 
subpart F (72 FR 8533). EPA review of PFC designs and discussions with 
PFC manufacturers suggest that the manufacturers may have read the 
provisions of 40 CFR part 59, subpart F, too narrowly and that their 
interpretations may have unnecessarily constrained some design 
approaches that may have otherwise allowed for improved in-use 
performance and consumer satisfaction. EPA did not intend to impact 
manufacturer design approaches beyond those deemed by the manufacturer 
as necessary to meet the emission control requirements as otherwise 
specified in 40 CFR part 59, and is including language in this rule to 
clarify regulatory requirements that apply to PFCs. Specifically, the 
revised regulation states that it is allowable for manufacturers to 
design PFCs with vents to relieve pressure, provided that the venting 
device is in place during emission testing, and provided that the 
venting device closes automatically when not in use.
    The modifications to 40 CFR part 59, subpart F, do not change the 
regulatory requirements with regard to emission standards and test 
procedures, but better define some elements of design and clarify how 
various approaches would be considered in testing. Upon seeing these 
modifications to the regulations, PFC manufacturers may elect to pursue 
design approaches they deem appropriate, which they may have thought 
were not available to them previously.

VII. MARPOL Annex VI Implementation

    The Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (APPS) implements the 
provisions of the International Convention for the Prevention of 
Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) Annex VI for the United States (33 U.S.C. 
1901-1912). EPA adopted regulations in 2010 to summarize these 
requirements and to describe engine certification procedures and other 
relevant provisions as specified in APPS (75 FR 22896, April 30, 2010). 
MARPOL Annex VI has been amended since issuance of that Federal 
Register notice to include designation of the North American ECA and 
the U.S. Caribbean Sea ECA and various other changes. We are amending 
40 CFR part 1043 in this rulemaking to align the regulations with the 
amendments of MARPOL Annex VI to facilitate stakeholder compliance, and 
to correct certain technical errors.
    First, the most fundamental step in updating 40 CFR part 1043 is to 
cite the 2013 publication of MARPOL Annex VI and the further amendments 
concluded at MEPC 66 in April 2014 (see 40 CFR 1043.100). Likewise, 
MARPOL Annex VI was recently amended to waive the fuel-sulfur 
requirements for certain steamships until January 1, 2020. Part 1043 
already includes such a waiver for steamships operating in the Great 
Lakes. We are codifying the additional temporary steamship exemption in 
Sec.  1043.97. Note that covered steamships will be required to comply 
with the relevant sulfur limits when the exemption expires on January 
1, 2020.
    Second, we inadvertently adopted regulatory language in 40 CFR part 
1043 that differs from the language of Annex VI. For example, we 
originally adopted the provisions in 40 CFR part 1043 with an erroneous 
date, stating that the 0.10% fuel-sulfur standard applies starting 
January 1, 2016, which should be January 1, 2015. The Annex VI 
specification is enforceable with or without this correction in 40 CFR 
part 1043, but we want to make the change to avoid any possible 
confusion. We also identified the NOX standards based

[[Page 9087]]

on an engine's model year; this should identify the applicability of 
NOX standards based on the build date of new vessels, or on 
the date of major modifications in other circumstances. We are 
correcting these errors in part 1043.
    Third, we are adding clarifying language relating to public 
vessels. MARPOL Annex VI exempts public vessels from engine standards 
and fuel requirements. Public vessels are defined as ``warships, naval 
auxiliary vessels, and other vessels owned or operated by a sovereign 
country when engaged in noncommercial service.'' We want to clarify 
that any vessel that has a national security exemption (for engines or 
fuel) is automatically considered a public vessel.
    Fourth, we are clarifying regulatory provisions to address whether 
or how emission credits apply for EPA certificates and EIAPP 
certificates. Engine manufacturers are interested in getting an EPA 
certificate under 40 CFR part 1042 and an EIAPP certificate under 40 
CFR part 1043 for the same engine. This would allow them maximum 
flexibility in selling engines to boat builders for installation in 
vessels used in domestic or international service. Certification to EPA 
standards under 40 CFR part 1042 allows manufacturers to use emission 
credits to make some engines with emission levels that are above the 
specified standard. MARPOL Annex VI and 40 CFR part 1043 do not have 
such an allowance. We are modifying the regulation to clarify that an 
engine may not be covered by both an EPA certificate and an EIAPP 
certificate if its certification under 40 CFR part 1042 depends on 
using emission credits to allow for an emission level above the 
specified standard. If an engine has emission levels below the 
specified standard and it is used to generate emission credits under 40 
CFR part 1042, this would not disqualify an engine from also getting an 
EIAPP certificate under 40 CFR part 1043.
    Lastly, we are making clarifying edits to the fuels regulations 
under 40 CFR part 80 for MARPOL Annex VI implementation; the table 
below lists these edits. While some of these edits are purely 
corrections to typographical errors, we are also making edits to 
clarify the treatment of fuels under MARPOL Annex VI, Regulation 3 and 
Regulation 4. Regulation 3 authorizes trial programs that involve a 
permit allowing a ship operator to use fuel that exceeds the fuel-
sulfur standards that would otherwise apply. Regulation 4 allows for 
flag states to approve the use of high-sulfur fuel for vessels that are 
equipped with technology that allows for an equivalent level of 
control. Specifically, we are amending the definition of ``ECA marine 
fuel'' at 40 CFR 80.2(ttt) to clarify that vessels with Regulation 3 
permits or Regulation 4 equivalencies can in fact use fuel that exceeds 
the ECA marine fuel sulfur standard. Further, to provide producers, 
distributors, and marketers of fuel for use under a Regulation 3 permit 
or a Regulation 4 equivalency the ability to denote such fuel on their 
PTDs, we are amending 40 CFR 80.590 to provide these parties with 
express PTD statements that may be used in lieu of the statements that 
are currently in the regulations.

     MARPOL Annex VI-Related Amendments to 40 CFR Part 80, Subpart I
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Section                       Description of change
------------------------------------------------------------------------
80.2(ttt)....................  Amended the definition of ECA marine fuel
                                to clarify that fuel allowed by MARPOL
                                Annex VI Regulation 3 permits or
                                Regulation 4 equivalencies under 40 CFR
                                part 1043 is not required to meet the
                                ECA marine fuel requirements.
80.510 section heading.......  Amending to clarify that this section
                                applies to refiners and importers.
80.510(k) and 80.511(b)(9)...  Amending to clarify that fuel allowed by
                                Regulation 3 permits or Regulation 4
                                equivalencies is not required to meet
                                the ECA marine fuel requirements.
80.574(b)....................  Amended to update the address for
                                submitting ECA marine fuel alternative
                                label requests.
80.590(b)....................  Amended to allow for PTD statements for
                                use with fuel permitted for use under
                                MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 3, Regulation
                                4, or both.
80.607 (a), (c), (d), (f)....  Amended to remove references to ECA
                                marine fuel, as research and development
                                permits are separate from Regulation 3
                                permits under 40 CFR part 1043.
80.608(d)....................  Amended to correct minor typographical
                                errors.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

VIII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders 
can be found at http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was 
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
for review.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This action does not impose any new information collection burden 
under the PRA, since it merely clarifies and corrects existing 
regulatory language. OMB has previously approved the information 
collection activities contained in the existing regulations and has 
assigned OMB control numbers as noted in the table below.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Regulatory citation             Item            OMB Control No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40 CFR part 86...............  Light-duty                      2060-0104
                                vehicle
                                standards.
40 CFR part 86...............  Heavy-duty                      2060-0287
                                vehicle
                                standards.
40 CFR part 86...............  In-use                          2060-0086
                                verification
                                program.
40 CFR part 80...............  In-use fuel                     2060-0437
                                standards.
40 CFR part 1043.............  MARPOL Annex VI.                2060-0641
40 CFR part 1054.............  Small SI exhaust                2060-0338
                                emission
                                standards.
40 CFR part 1060.............  Nonroad SI           2060-0321, 2060-0338
                                evaporative
                                emission
                                standards.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 9088]]

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. In 
making this determination, the impact of concern is any significant 
adverse economic impact on small entities. An agency may certify that a 
rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities if the rule relieves regulatory burden, has no 
net burden or otherwise has a positive economic effect on the small 
entities subject to the rule. This rule merely clarifies and corrects 
existing regulatory language. We therefore anticipate no costs and 
therefore no regulatory burden associated with this rule. We have 
therefore concluded that this action will have no net regulatory burden 
for all directly regulated small entities.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    This action does not contain any unfunded mandate as described in 
UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect 
small governments. The action imposes no enforceable duty on any state, 
local or tribal governments. Requirements for the private sector do not 
exceed $100 million in any one year.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have 
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between 
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13175. This rule merely corrects and clarifies 
regulatory provisions. Tribal governments would be affected only to the 
extent they purchase and use regulated vehicles or engines. Thus, 
Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those 
regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks 
that the EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect 
children, per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in 
section 2-202 of the Executive Order. This action is not subject to 
Executive Order 13045 because it does not concern an environmental 
health risk or safety risk.

H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, because it is 
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act

    This action involves technical standards. EPA has decided to use 
the following voluntary consensus standards:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Organization                               Standard                          Available from
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SAE International.....................  SAE J2996, Small Diameter Fuel Line      www.sae.org.
                                         Permeation Test Procedure, Issued
                                         January 2013.
ASTM International....................  ASTM D86-07, Standard Test Method for    www.astm.org.
                                         Distillation of Petroleum Products at
                                         Atmospheric Pressure, approved January
                                         15, 2007.
ASTM International....................  ASTM standard practice D4057-12,         www.astm.org.
                                         Standard Practice for Manual Sampling
                                         of Petroleum and Petroleum Products,
                                         approved December 1, 2012.
ASTM International....................  ASTM standard practice D4177-95          www.astm.org.
                                         (Reapproved 2010), Standard Practice
                                         for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum
                                         and Petroleum Products, approved May
                                         1, 2010.
ASTM International....................  ASTM standard practice D5842-14,         www.astm.org.
                                         Standard Practice for Sampling and
                                         Handling for Fuels for Volatility
                                         Measurement, approved January 15, 2014.
ASTM International....................  ASTM standard practice D6299-13,         www.astm.org.
                                         Standard Practice for Applying
                                         Statistical Quality Assurance and
                                         Control Charting Techniques to
                                         Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
                                         Performance, approved October 1, 2013.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This action also involves technical standards for marine diesel 
engines. There are no voluntary consensus documents that address these 
technical standards. EPA has therefore decided to use the following 
standards from the International Maritime Organization:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Organization                               Standard                          Available from
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
International Maritime Organization...  MARPOL Annex VI, Regulations for the      www.imo.org.
                                         Prevention of Pollution from Ships,
                                         Third Edition, 2013.
International Maritime Organization...  NOX Technical Code 2008, 2013 Edition...  www.imo.org.
International Maritime Organization...  Annex 12, Resolution MEPC.251(66) from    www.imo.org.
                                         the Report of the Marine Environment
                                         Protection Committee on its Sixty-Sixth
                                         Session, April 25, 2014.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    This action is not expected to have any adverse human health or 
environmental impacts; as a result, the human health or environmental 
risk addressed by this action will not have potential 
disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects on minority, low-income or indigenous populations.

K. Congressional Review Act

    This action is subject to the CRA, and EPA will submit a rule 
report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of 
the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 
U.S.C. 804(2).

[[Page 9089]]

IX. Statutory Provisions and Legal Authority

    Statutory authority for this action comes from 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q 
and 33 U.S.C. 1901-1912.

List of Subjects

40 CFR Part 59

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Confidential 
business information, Labeling, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Volatile organic compounds.

40 CFR Part 80

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Confidential Business Information, Diesel fuel, 
Fuel additives, Gasoline, Imports, Incorporation by reference, 
Labeling, Motor vehicle pollution, Penalties, Petroleum, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

40 CFR Part 85

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Confidential Business Information, Imports, 
Labeling, Motor vehicle pollution, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Research, Warranties.

40 CFR Part 86

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Confidential Business Information, Imports, 
Labeling, Motor vehicle pollution, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Warranties.

40 CFR Part 600

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Electric power, Fuel economy, Labeling, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

40 CFR Part 1037

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Confidential business information, Labeling, 
Motor vehicle pollution, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Warranties.

40 CFR Part 1043

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Imports, Incorporation by reference, Vessels, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

40 CFR Parts 1051 and 1054

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Confidential business information, Imports, 
Labeling, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Warranties.

40 CFR Part 1060

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Confidential business information, Imports, 
Incorporation by reference, Labeling, Penalties, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Warranties.

40 CFR Parts 1065 and 1066

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Research.

    Dated: February 2, 2015.
Gina McCarthy,
Administrator.
    For the reasons set out in the preamble, title 40, chapter I of the 
Code of Federal Regulations is amended as set forth below.

PART 59--NATIONAL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSION STANDARDS FOR 
CONSUMER AND COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

0
1. The authority citation for part 59 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7414 and 7511b(e).

Subpart F--[Amended]

0
2. Section 59.611 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(1)(ii) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  59.611  What evaporative emission requirements apply under this 
subpart?

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) For anyone to design, manufacture, or install emission control 
systems with features that disable, deactivate, reduce effectiveness, 
or bypass the emission controls, either actively or passively. However, 
you may include a vent that the operator can open to bypass emission 
controls if that vent closes automatically (i.e., without operator 
involvement). You may include such design features if they operate 
during emission tests described in subpart F of this part. For example, 
you may include an integrated or external manually activated device in 
the portable fuel container's design to temporarily relieve pressure, 
provided that the device is in place during emission testing and closes 
automatically when not in use.
* * * * *

0
3. Section 59.623 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  59.623  What must I include in my application?

* * * * *
    (a) Describe the emission family's specifications and other basic 
parameters of the emission controls. List each distinguishable 
configuration in the emission family. Include descriptions and part 
numbers for all detachable components such as spouts and caps and 
describe any devices designed for venting pressure, if applicable.
* * * * *

0
4. Section 59.625 is amended by adding paragraph (b)(6) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  59.625  How do I select emission families?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (6) Strategy for venting pressure.
* * * * *

PART 80--REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES

0
5. The authority citation for part 80 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7414, 7521, 7542, 7545, and 7601(a).

Subpart A--General Provisions

0
6. Section 80.2 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (ttt).
0
b. Removing and reserving paragraph (cccc).
    The revisions read as follows:

Sec.  80.2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    (ttt) ECA marine fuel is diesel, distillate, or residual fuel that 
meets the criteria of paragraph (ttt)(1) of this section, but not the 
criteria of paragraph (ttt)(2) of this section.
    (1) All diesel, distillate, or residual fuel used, intended for 
use, or made available for use in Category 3 marine vessels while the 
vessels are operating within an Emission Control Area (ECA), or an ECA 
associated area, is ECA marine fuel, unless it meets the criteria of 
paragraph (ttt)(2) of this section.
    (2) ECA marine fuel does not include any of the following fuel:
    (i) Fuel used by exempted or excluded vessels (such as exempted 
steamships), or fuel used by vessels allowed by the U.S. government 
pursuant to MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 3 or Regulation 4

[[Page 9090]]

to exceed the fuel sulfur limits while operating in an ECA or an ECA 
associated area (see 33 U.S.C. 1903).
    (ii) Fuel that conforms fully to the requirements of this part for 
NRLM diesel fuel (including being designated as NRLM).
    (iii) Fuel used, or made available for use, in any diesel engines 
not installed on a Category 3 marine vessel.
* * * * *
    (cccc) [Reserved]
* * * * *

0
7. Section 80.8 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(1) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.8  Sampling methods for gasoline, diesel fuel, fuel additives, 
and renewable fuels.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, (877) 909-ASTM, or http://www.astm.org:
    (i) ASTM D4057-12, Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of 
Petroleum and Petroleum Products, approved December 1, 2012 (``ASTM 
D4057'').
    (ii) ASTM D4177-95 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Practice for 
Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, approved May 1, 
2010 (``ASTM D4177'').
    (iii) ASTM D5842-14, Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of 
Fuels for Volatility Measurement, approved January 15, 2014 (``ASTM 
D5842'').
    (iv) ASTM D5854-96 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Practice for Mixing 
and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, 
approved May 1, 2010 (``ASTM D5854'').
* * * * *

Subpart D--Reformulated Gasoline

0
8. Section 80.46 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (b)(1);
0
b. Revising paragraph (c)(2) introductory text;
0
c. Revising paragraph (d);
0
d. Revising paragraph (e);
0
e. Revising paragraph (f)(1);
0
f. Revising paragraph (g)(1); and
0
g. Revising paragraph (h)(1).
    The revisions read as follows:

Sec.  80.46  Measurement of reformulated gasoline and conventional 
gasoline fuel parameters.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) Through December 31, 2015, olefin content must be determined 
using ASTM D1319. Beginning January 1, 2016, the olefin content of 
gasoline must be determined by a test method approved under Sec.  
80.47.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) Beginning January 1, 2016, RVP must be determined by a test 
method approved under Sec.  80.47, except as provided in paragraph 
(c)(2)(i) of this section.
* * * * *
    (d) Distillation. Through December 31, 2015, distillation 
parameters must be determined using ASTM D86. Beginning January 1, 
2016, the distillation parameters must be determined by a test method 
approved under Sec.  80.47. (Note: The precision estimates for 
reproducibility in ASTM D86-12 do not apply; see Sec.  80.47(h).)
    (e) Benzene. Through December 31, 2015, benzene content must be 
determined using ASTM D3606, except that instrument parameters shall be 
adjusted to ensure complete resolution of the benzene, ethanol and 
methanol peaks because ethanol and methanol may cause interference with 
ASTM D3606 when present. Beginning January 1, 2016, the benzene content 
must be determined by a test method approved under Sec.  80.47.
    (f)(1) Through December 31, 2015, aromatic content must be 
determined using ASTM D5769, except the sample chilling requirements in 
section 8 of this standard method are optional. Beginning January 1, 
2016, the aromatic content must be determined by a test method approved 
under Sec.  80.47.
* * * * *
    (g) * * * (1) Through December 31, 2015, oxygen and oxygenate 
content must be determined using ASTM D5599. Beginning January 1, 2016, 
oxygen and oxygenate content must be determined by a test method 
approved under Sec.  80.47.
* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (1) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, (877) 909-ASTM, or http://www.astm.org:
    (i) ASTM D86-12, Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum 
Products at Atmospheric Pressure, approved December 1, 2012 (``ASTM 
D86'').
    (ii) ASTM D1319-13, Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in 
Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption, approved 
May 1, 2013 (``ASTM D1319'').
    (iii) ASTM D2622-10, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum 
Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, 
approved February 15, 2010 (``ASTM D2622'').
    (iv) ASTM D3120-08, Standard Test Method for Trace Quantities of 
Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative 
Microcoulometry, approved December 15, 2008 (``ASTM D3120'').
    (v) ASTM D3246-11, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas 
by Oxidative Microcoulometry, approved June 1, 2011 (``ASTM D3246'').
    (vi) ASTM D3606-10, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas 
Chromatography, approved October 1, 2010 (``ASTM D3606'').
    (vii) ASTM D4468-85 (Reapproved 2011), Standard Test Method for 
Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric 
Colorimetry, approved November 1, 2011 (``ASTM D4468'').
    (viii) ASTM D4815-13, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in 
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography, approved October 1, 2013 (``ASTM 
D4815'').
    (ix) ASTM D5191-13, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of 
Petroleum Products (Mini Method), approved December 1, 2013 (``ASTM 
D5191'').
    (x) ASTM D5453-12, Standard Test Method for Determination of Total 
Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine 
Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, approved November 1, 
2012 (``ASTM D5453'').
    (xi) ASTM D5599-00 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Test Method for 
Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and 
Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection, approved October 1, 2010 
(``ASTM D5599'').
    (xii) ASTM D5769-10, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas 
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, approved May 1, 2010 (``ASTM 
D5769'').
    (xiii) ASTM D6550-10, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Olefin Content of Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography, 
approved October 1, 2010 (``ASTM D6550'').
    (xiv) ASTM D6667-10, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum

[[Page 9091]]

Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, approved October 1, 2010 (``ASTM 
D6667'').
    (xv) ASTM D6920-13, Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in 
Naphthas, Distillates, Reformulated Gasolines, Diesels, Biodiesels, and 
Motor Fuels by Oxidative Combustion and Electrochemical Detection, 
approved September 15, 2013 (``ASTM D6920'').
    (xvi) ASTM D7039-13, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, 
Diesel Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and 
Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray 
Fluorescence Spectrometry, approved September 15, 2013 (``ASTM 
D7039'').
* * * * *

0
9. Section 80.47 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a)(7);
0
b. Revising paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2)(i), and (b)(2)(ii);
0
c. Revising paragraphs (c)(1), (c)(2)(i), and (c)(2)(ii);
0
d. Revising paragraph (d)(1);
0
e. Revising paragraph (e)(1);
0
f. Revising paragraph (f)(1);
0
g. Revising paragraph (g)(1);
0
h. Revising paragraph (h)(1);
0
i. Revising paragraph (i)(1);
0
j. Revising paragraph (j)(1);
0
k. Revising paragraph (l);
0
l. Revising paragraph (m)(6);
0
m. Revising paragraphs (n)(1), (n)(2)(i), and (n)(2)(ii), and removing 
and reserving paragraph (n)(2)(iv);
0
n. Revising paragraphs (o)(1), (o)(2)(i), (o)(2)(ii), and removing and 
reserving paragraph (o)(2)(iv);
0
o. Revising paragraphs (p)(1), (p)(3)(i), and (p)(3)(ii), and removing 
and reserving paragraph (p)(3)(iv); and
0
p. Revising paragraph (r)(1).
    The revisions read as follows:

Sec.  80.47  Performance-based Analytical Test Method Approach.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (7) Locally-named reference materials are gasoline or diesel fuels 
that are usually from the regular production of the facility where they 
are used in laboratory quality control efforts and have been analyzed 
using the designated method (either by the facility's lab or by a 
reference lab) to obtain an estimate of their concentration.
* * * * *
    (b) * * * (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor 
vehicle gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives 
subject to the gasoline sulfur standard at Sec. Sec.  80.195 and 
80.1603, the maximum allowable standard deviation computed from the 
results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 20 days (tests may be 
arranged into no fewer than five batches of four or fewer tests each, 
with only one such batch allowed per day over the minimum of 20 days) 
on samples using good laboratory practices taken from a single 
homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less than or equal 
to 1.5 times the repeatability ``r'' divided by 2.77, where ``r'' 
equals the ASTM repeatability of ASTM D7039 (Example: A 10ppm sulfur 
gasoline sample: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 
tests<=1.5*(1.73ppm/2.77)=0.94 ppm). The 20 results must be a series of 
tests with a sequential record of analysis and no omissions. A 
laboratory facility may exclude a given sample or test result only if 
the exclusion is for a valid reason under good laboratory practices and 
it maintains records regarding the sample and test results and the 
reason for excluding them.
    (2) * * *
    (i) The arithmetic average of a continuous series of at least 10 
tests performed using good laboratory practices on a commercially 
available gravimetric sulfur standard in the range of 1-10 ppm, say 10 
ppm, shall not differ from the accepted reference value (ARV) of the 
standard by more than 0.70 ppm sulfur;
    (ii) The arithmetic average of a continuous series of at least 10 
tests performed using good laboratory practices on a commercially 
available gravimetric sulfur standard in the range of 10-20 ppm, say 20 
ppm, shall not differ from the ARV of the standard by more than 1.02 
ppm sulfur; and
* * * * *
    (c) * * * (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for butane 
subject to the butane sulfur standard at Sec. Sec.  80.82, 80.195, 
80.340(b) and 80.1603, the maximum allowable standard deviation 
computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 20 days 
(tests may be arranged into no fewer than five batches of four or fewer 
tests each, with only one such batch allowed per day over the minimum 
of 20 days) on samples using good laboratory practices taken from a 
single homogeneous commercially available butane must be less than or 
equal to 1.5 times the repeatability (r) divided by 2.77, where ``r'' 
equals the ASTM repeatability of ASTM D6667 (Example: A 10 ppm sulfur 
butane sample: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 
tests<=1.5*(1.15ppm/2.77) = 0.62 ppm). The 20 results must be a series 
of tests with a sequential record of analysis and no omissions. A 
laboratory facility may exclude a given sample or test result only if 
the exclusion is for a valid reason under good laboratory practices and 
it maintains records regarding the sample and test results and the 
reason for excluding them.
    (2) * * *
    (i) The arithmetic average of a continuous series of at least 10 
tests performed using good laboratory practices on a commercially 
available gravimetric sulfur standard in the range of 1-10 ppm, say 10 
ppm, shall not differ from the accepted reference value (ARV) of the 
standard by more than 0.47 ppm sulfur;
    (ii) The arithmetic average of a continuous series of at least 10 
tests performed using good laboratory practices on a commercially 
available gravimetric sulfur standard in the range of 10-20 ppm, say 20 
ppm, shall not differ from the accepted reference value (ARV) of the 
standard by more than 0.94 ppm sulfur; and
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle 
gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives subject to 
the gasoline standards of this part, the maximum allowable standard 
deviation computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 
20 days (tests may be arranged into no fewer than five batches of four 
or fewer tests each, with only one such batch allowed per day over the 
minimum of 20 days) on samples using good laboratory practices taken 
from a single homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less 
than or equal to 0.3 times the reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals 
the ASTM reproducibility of ASTM D1319 (Example: A gasoline containing 
9 Vol% olefins: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests 
<=0.3*(3.06 Vol%) = 0.92 Vol%). The 20 results must be a series of 
tests with a sequential record of analysis and no omissions. A 
laboratory facility may exclude a given sample or test result only if 
the exclusion is for a valid reason under good laboratory practices and 
it maintains records regarding the sample and test results and the 
reason for excluding them.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle 
gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives subject to 
the gasoline standards of this part, the maximum allowable standard 
deviation computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 
20 days (tests may be

[[Page 9092]]

arranged into no fewer than five batches of four or fewer tests each, 
with only one such batch allowed per day over the minimum of 20 days) 
on samples using good laboratory practices taken from a single 
homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less than or equal 
to 0.3 times the reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals the ASTM 
reproducibility of ASTM D1319 (Example: A gasoline containing 32Vol% 
aromatics: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests <=0.3*(3.7 
Vol%) = 1.11Vol%). The 20 results must be a series of tests with a 
sequential record of analysis and no omissions. A laboratory facility 
may exclude a given sample or test result only if the exclusion is for 
a valid reason under good laboratory practices and it maintains records 
regarding the sample and test results and the reason for excluding 
them.
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle 
gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives subject to 
the gasoline standards of this part, the maximum allowable standard 
deviation computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 
20 days (tests may be arranged into no fewer than five batches of four 
or fewer tests each, with only one such batch allowed per day over the 
minimum of 20 days) on samples using good laboratory practices taken 
from a single homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less 
than or equal to 0.3 times the reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals 
the ASTM reproducibility of ASTM D5599 (Example: A gasoline containing 
3Mass% total oxygen: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests 
<=0.3*(0.32 Mass%) = 0.10 Mass%). The 20 results must be a series of 
tests with a sequential record of analysis and no omissions. A 
laboratory facility may exclude a given sample or test result only if 
the exclusion is for a valid reason under good laboratory practices and 
it maintains records regarding the sample and test results and the 
reason for excluding them.
* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle 
gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives subject to 
the gasoline standards of this part and volatility standards at Sec.  
80.27, the maximum allowable standard deviation computed from the 
results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 20 days (tests may be 
arranged into no fewer than five batches of four or fewer tests each, 
with only one such batch allowed per day over the minimum of 20 days) 
on samples using good laboratory practices taken from a single 
homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less than or equal 
to 0.3 times the reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals the ASTM 
reproducibility of ASTM D5191 (Example: A gasoline having a RVP of 
6.8psi: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests withdrawn from 
a 250 milliliter container <=0.3*(0.40psi) = 0.12 psi). The 20 results 
must be a series of tests with a sequential record of analysis and no 
omissions. A laboratory facility may exclude a given sample or test 
result only if the exclusion is for a valid reason under good 
laboratory practices and it maintains records regarding the sample and 
test results and the reason for excluding them.
* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle 
gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives subject to 
the gasoline standards of this part, the maximum allowable standard 
deviation computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 
20 days (tests may be arranged into no fewer than five batches of four 
or fewer tests each, with only one such batch allowed per day over the 
minimum of 20 days) on samples using good laboratory practices taken 
from a single homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less 
than or equal to 0.3 times the reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals 
the ASTM reproducibility in Table 10, Groups 2, 3 and 4 (Automated) of 
ASTM D86-07 for the initial boiling point, E10, E50, E90 and final 
boiling point. (Example: A gasoline having an initial boiling point of 
26 [deg]C and a final boiling point of 215 [deg]C: Maximum allowable 
standard deviation of 20 tests for initial boiling point <=0.3*(8.5 
[deg]C) = 2.55 [deg]C, maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests 
for E10 <=0.3*(3.0+2.64*Sc)[deg]C, maximum allowable standard deviation 
of 20 tests for E50 <=0.3*(2.9+3.97*Sc)[deg]C, maximum allowable 
standard deviation of 20 tests for E90 <=0.3*(2.0+2.53*Sc) [deg]C, and 
maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests for final boiling 
point <=0.3*(10.5 [deg]C) = 3.15 [deg]C), where Sc is the average slope 
(or rate of change) of the gasoline distillation curve as calculated in 
accordance with section 13.2 of ASTM D86-07. The 20 results must be a 
series of tests with a sequential record of analysis and no omissions. 
Note that the precision criteria described in this paragraph (h)(1) 
differ from what is specified in ASTM D86-12. A laboratory facility may 
exclude a given sample or test result only if the exclusion is for a 
valid reason under good laboratory practices and it maintains records 
regarding the sample and test results and the reason for excluding 
them.
* * * * *
    (i) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle 
gasoline, gasoline blendstock, and gasoline fuel additives subject to 
the gasoline standards of this part and MSAT2 standards at Sec. Sec.  
80.41, 80.101, 80.1230, the maximum allowable standard deviation 
computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 20 days 
(tests may be arranged into no fewer than five batches of four or fewer 
tests each, with only one such batch allowed per day over the minimum 
of 20 days) on samples using good laboratory practices taken from a 
single homogeneous commercially available gasoline must be less than or 
equal to 0.15 times the reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals the 
ASTM reproducibility of ASTM D3606 (Example: A gasoline having a 1Vol% 
benzene: Maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests <=0.15*(0.18 
Vol%) = 0.027Vol%). The 20 results must be a series of tests with a 
sequential record of analysis and no omissions. A laboratory facility 
may exclude a given sample or test result only if the exclusion is for 
a valid reason under good laboratory practices and it maintains records 
regarding the sample and test results and the reason for excluding 
them.
* * * * *
    (j) * * *
    (1) Precision. Beginning January 1, 2016, for motor vehicle diesel 
fuel subject to the motor vehicle diesel standards at Sec.  80.520, the 
maximum allowable standard deviation computed from the results of a 
minimum of 20 tests made over 20 days (tests may be arranged into no 
fewer than five batches of four or fewer tests each, with only one such 
batch allowed per day over the minimum of 20 days) on samples using 
good laboratory practices taken from a single homogeneous commercially 
available diesel fuel must be less than or equal to 0.3 times the 
reproducibility (R), where ``R'' equals the ASTM reproducibility of 
ASTM D1319 (Example: A diesel fuel containing 35 Vol% aromatics: 
maximum allowable standard deviation of 20 tests <=0.3*(3.3 Vol%) = 
0.99Vol%). The 20 results must be a series of tests with a sequential 
record of analysis and no omissions. A laboratory facility may exclude 
a given sample or test result only if the

[[Page 9093]]

exclusion is for a valid reason under good laboratory practices and it 
maintains records regarding the sample and test results and the reason 
for excluding them.
* * * * *
    (l) Qualification criteria for Voluntary Consensus Standard Based 
(VCSB) Method-Defined Parameter Test Methods and Non-voluntary 
Consensus Standard Based (non-VCSB) Absolute Fuel Parameter of Sulfur 
in Gasoline and Butane. (1)(i) Beginning January 1, 2016, the test 
facility or VCSB include full test method documentation by the 
Voluntary Consensus Standard Based (VCSB) organization, including a 
description of the technology and/or instrumentation that makes the 
method functional.
    (ii) For the Non-voluntary Consensus Standard Based (non-VCSB) 
Absolute Fuel Parameter of Sulfur in Gasoline and Butane, the test 
facility include full test method documentation, including a 
description of the technology and/or instrumentation that makes the 
method functional.
    (2)(i) The test facility or VCSB include information reported in 
the test method that demonstrates the test method meets the applicable 
precision information for the method-defined fuel parameter as 
described in this section.
    (ii) For the Non-VCSB absolute fuel parameter of sulfur in gasoline 
and butane, the test facility include information reported in the test 
method that demonstrates the applicable accuracy criteria as described 
in Sec.  80.47(b)(2) for gasoline and Sec.  80.47(c)(2) for butane.
    (3) The test facility or VCSB include information reported in the 
test method that demonstrates the test method has been evaluated using 
ASTM D6708 and whether the comparison is a ``null'' result or whether a 
correlation equation needs to be applied that predicts designated test 
method results from the applicable method-defined alternative test 
method.
    (4) The test methods specified at Sec. Sec.  80.2(w) and 
80.46(a)(1), (a)(2), (b)(1), (c)(1), (d)(1), (e)(1), (f)(1), and (g)(1) 
and in use by a test facility prior to October 28, 2013 are exempt from 
the requirements of paragraphs (l)(1) through (3) of this section.
    (m) * * *
    (6) The candidate method-defined non-VCSB test method precision 
qualification must be conducted in the form of ``between methods 
reproducibility'' (Rcm) of the candidate method and applicable 
designated test method as recommended in ASTM D6708, where the Rcm must 
be equal to or less than 70 percent of the published reproducibility of 
the applicable designated test method using good laboratory practices.
* * * * *
    (n) * * *
    (1)(i) Accuracy SQC. Every facility shall conduct tests on every 
instrument with a commercially available gravimetric reference 
material, or check standard as defined in ASTM D6299 at least three 
times a year using good laboratory practices. The facility must pre-
treat and assess results from the check standard testing after at least 
15 testing occasions as described in section 8.2 of this standard 
practice. The facility must construct ``MR'' and ``I'' charts with 
control lines as described in section 8.4 and appropriate Annex 
sections of this standard practice. In circumstances where the absolute 
difference between the mean of multiple back-to-back tests of the 
standard reference material and the accepted reference value of the 
standard reference material is greater than 0.75 times the published 
reproducibility of the test method, the cause of such difference must 
be investigated by the facility. Records of the standard reference 
materials measurements as well as any investigations into any 
exceedance of these criteria must be kept for a period of five years.
    (ii) The expanded uncertainty of the accepted reference value of 
consensus named fuels shall have the following accuracy qualification 
criterion: Accuracy qualification criterion = square root 
[(0.75R)[supcaret]2+(0.75R)[supcaret]2/L], where L = the number of 
single results obtained from different labs used to calculate the 
consensus ARV.
    (2)(i) Precision SQC. Every facility shall conduct tests on every 
instrument with a quality control material as defined in paragraph 
3.2.8 in ASTM D6299 either once per week or once per every 20 
production tests, whichever is more frequent. The facility must 
construct and maintain an ``I'' chart as described in section 8 and 
section A1.5.1 and a ``MR'' chart as described in section A1.5.4. Any 
violations of control limit(s) should be investigated by personnel of 
the facility and records kept for a period of five years.
    (ii) Validation of New QC Material. When a test facility is making 
a transition from one batch of QC material to the next batch of QC 
material, the facility will either construct an ``I'' chart as 
described in section 8.7 and section A1.5.1 of ASTM D6299, or follow 
the ``Q-Procedure'' in Annex 1.9 of ASTM D6299. In following the Q-
Procedure, if the plot of results from the ``old'' and ``new'' QC 
materials on its respective chart shows no special-cause signals, then 
the result of the ``new'' QC material will be considered valid.
* * * * *
    (iv) [Reserved]
* * * * *
    (o) * * *
    (1)(i) Accuracy SQC. Every facility shall conduct tests of every 
instrument with a commercially available check standard as defined in 
ASTM D6299 at least three times a year using good laboratory practices. 
The check standard must be an ordinary fuel with levels of the fuel 
parameter of interest close to either the applicable regulatory 
standard or the average level of use for the facility. For facilities 
using a VCSB designated method defined test method, the Accepted 
Reference Value of the check standard must be determined by the 
respective designated test method for the fuel parameter following the 
guidelines of ASTM D6299. Facilities using a VCSB alternative method 
defined test method must use the Accepted Reference Value of the check 
standard as determined in a VCSB Inter Laboratory Crosscheck Program 
(ILCP) or a commercially available ILCP following the guidelines of 
ASTM D6299. If the Accepted Reference Value is not provided in the 
ILCP, accuracy must be assessed based upon the respective EPA-
designated test method using appropriate production samples. The 
facility must pre-treat and assess results from the check standard 
testing after at least 15 testing occasions as described in section 8.2 
of this standard practice. The facility must construct ``MR'' and ``I'' 
charts with control lines as described in section 8.4 and appropriate 
Annex sections of this standard practice. In circumstances where the 
absolute difference between the mean of multiple back-to-back tests of 
the standard reference material and the accepted reference value of the 
standard reference material is greater than 0.75 times the published 
reproducibility of the test method, the cause of such difference must 
be investigated by the facility. Participation in a VCSB ILCP at least 
three times a year satisfies this Accuracy SQC requirement (Examples of 
ILCP: ASTM Reformulated Gasoline ILCP or ASTM motor gasoline ILCP). 
Records of the standard reference materials measurements as well as any 
investigations into any exceedance of these criteria must be kept for a 
period of five years.
    (ii) The expanded uncertainty of the accepted reference value of 
consensus

[[Page 9094]]

named fuels shall have the following accuracy qualification criterion: 
Accuracy qualification criterion = square root 
[(0.75R)[supcaret]2+(0.75R)[supcaret]2/L], where L = the number of 
single results obtained from different labs used to calculate the 
consensus ARV.
    (2)(i) Precision SQC. Every facility shall conduct tests of every 
instrument with a quality control material as defined in paragraph 
3.2.8 in ASTM D6299 either once per week or once per every 20 
production tests, whichever is more frequent. The facility must 
construct and maintain an ``I'' chart as described in section 8 and 
section A1.5.1 and a ``MR'' chart as described in section A1.5.4. Any 
violations of control limit(s) should be investigated by personnel of 
the facility and records kept for a period of five years.
    (ii) Validation of New QC Material. When a test facility is making 
a transition from one batch of QC material to the next batch of QC 
material, the facility will either construct an ``I'' chart as 
described in section 8.7 and section A1.5.1 of ASTM D6299, or follow 
the ``Q-Procedure'' in Annex 1.9 of ASTM D6299. In following the Q-
Procedure if the plot of results from the ``old'' and ``new'' QC 
materials on its respective chart shows no special-cause signals, then 
the result of the ``new'' QC material will be considered valid.
* * * * *
    (iv) [Reserved]
* * * * *
    (p) * * *
    (1)(i) Accuracy SQC for Non-VCSB Method-Defined test methods with 
minimal matrix effects. Every facility shall conduct tests on every 
instrument with a commercially available check standard as defined in 
the ASTM D6299 at least three times a year using good laboratory 
practices. The check standard must be an ordinary fuel with levels of 
the fuel parameter of interest close to either the applicable 
regulatory standard or the average level of use for the facility. 
Facilities using a Non-VCSB alternative method defined test method must 
use the Accepted Reference Value of the check standard as determined in 
either a VCSB Inter Laboratory Crosscheck Program (ILCP) or a 
commercially available ILCP following the guidelines of ASTM D6299. If 
the Accepted Reference Value is not provided in the ILCP, accuracy must 
be assessed based upon the respective EPA designated test method using 
appropriate production samples. The facility must pre-treat and assess 
results from the check standard testing after at least 15 testing 
occasions as described in section 8.2 of this standard practice. The 
facility must construct ``MR'' and ``I'' charts with control lines as 
described in section 8.4 and appropriate Annex sections of this 
standard practice. In circumstances where the absolute difference 
between the mean of multiple back-to-back tests of the standard 
reference material and the accepted reference value of the standard 
reference material is greater than 0.75 times the published 
reproducibility of the fuel parameter's respective designated test 
method, the cause of such difference must be investigated by the 
facility. Records of the standard reference materials measurements as 
well as any investigations into any exceedance of these criteria must 
be kept for a period of five years.
    (ii) The expanded uncertainty of the accepted reference value of 
consensus named fuels shall have the following accuracy qualification 
criterion: Accuracy qualification criterion = square root 
[(0.75R)[supcaret]2+(0.75R)[supcaret]2/L], where L = the number of 
single results obtained from different labs used to calculate the 
consensus ARV.
* * * * *
    (3)(i) Precision SQC. Every facility shall conduct tests on every 
instrument with a quality control material as defined in paragraph 
3.2.8 in ASTM D6299 either once per week or once per every 20 
production tests, whichever is more frequent. The facility must 
construct and maintain an ``I'' chart as described in section 8 and 
section A1.5.1 and a ``MR'' chart as described in section A1.5.4. Any 
violations of control limit(s) should be investigated by personnel of 
the facility and records kept for a period of five years.
    (ii) Validation of New QC Material. When a test facility is making 
a transition from one batch of QC material to the next batch of QC 
material, the facility will either construct an ``I'' chart as 
described in section 8.7 and section A1.5.1 of ASTM D6299, or follow 
the ``Q-Procedure'' in Annex 1.9 of ASTM D6299. In following the Q-
Procedure, if the plot of results from the ``old'' and ``new'' QC 
materials on its respective chart shows no special-cause signals, then 
the result of the ``new'' QC material will be considered valid.
* * * * *
    (iv) [Reserved]
* * * * *
    (r) * * *
    (1) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, (877) 909-ASTM, or http://www.astm.org:
    (i) ASTM D86-07, Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum 
Products at Atmospheric Pressure, approved January 15, 2007 (``ASTM 
D86'').
    (ii) ASTM D1319-13, Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in 
Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption, approved 
May 1, 2013 (``ASTM D1319'').
    (iii) ASTM D3606-10, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas 
Chromatography, approved October 1, 2010 (``ASTM D3606'').
    (iv) ASTM D5191-13, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of 
Petroleum Products (Mini Method), approved December 1, 2013 (``ASTM 
D5191'').
    (v) ASTM D5599-00 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Test Method for 
Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and 
Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection, approved October 1, 2010 
(``ASTM D5599'').
    (vi) ASTM D6299-13, Standard Practice for Applying Statistical 
Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate 
Analytical Measurement System Performance, approved October 1, 2013 
(``ASTM D6299'').
    (vii) ASTM D6667-10, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum 
Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, approved October 1, 2010 (``ASTM 
D6667'').
    (viii) ASTM D6708-13, Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment 
and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that 
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material, approved May 1, 
2013 (``ASTM D6708'').
    (ix) ASTM D6792-13, Standard Practice for Quality System in 
Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories, approved May 
15, 2013 (``ASTM D6792'').
    (x) ASTM D7039-13, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, 
Diesel Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and 
Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray 
Fluorescence Spectrometry, approved September 15, 2013, (``ASTM 
D7039'').
* * * * *

0
10. Section 80.75 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2)(xi)(G) to 
read as follows:

[[Page 9095]]

Sec.  80.75  Reporting requirements.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (xi) * * *
    (G) The properties of the pentane batch specified by the pentane 
supplier, or the properties specified in Sec.  80.86(a)(3) or (a)(4), 
as appropriate along with the test method used to measure these 
properties.
* * * * *

0
11. Section 80.82 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(1) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.82  Butane blending.

* * * * *
    (e)(1) When butane is blended with conventional gasoline under this 
section during the period May 1 through September 15, the refiner shall 
demonstrate through sampling and testing, using the test method for 
Reid vapor pressure in Sec.  80.46 or Sec.  80.47, as applicable, that 
each batch of conventional gasoline blended with butane meets the 
volatility standards specified in Sec.  80.27 and in any EPA approved 
SIP.
* * * * *

0
12. Section 80.85 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) introductory 
text, (b) introductory text, (g), and (i) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.85  Pentane blending.

* * * * *
    (a) Any refiner that blends pentane for which the refiner has 
product transfer documents from a registered pentane supplier which 
demonstrate that the pentane is blender-commercial grade, as defined in 
Sec.  80.86(a)(3), may demonstrate compliance with the standards in 
this part based on the properties specified in Sec.  80.86(a)(3), or 
the properties specified by the pentane supplier, provided that the 
refiner does all the following:
* * * * *
    (b) Any refiner that blends pentane for which the refiner has 
product transfer documents from a registered pentane supplier which 
demonstrate that the pentane is blender-non-commercial grade, as 
defined in Sec.  80.86(a)(4), may demonstrate compliance with the 
standards in this part based on the properties specified in Sec.  
80.86(a)(4), or the properties specified by the pentane supplier, 
provided that the refiner does all the following:
* * * * *
    (g) All pentane blended into gasoline during the annual averaging 
period must be included in annual average compliance calculations by a 
refiner for each of its refineries.
* * * * *
    (i) If a refiner does not fully implement the requirements of this 
section, it may not rely on test results from the pentane producer, and 
may only blend pentane with gasoline if it fully complies with all 
applicable requirements of this part 80, including the sampling and 
testing requirements applicable to refiners who produce gasoline by 
adding blendstocks to PCG.

0
13. Section 80.86 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(2)(iv), 
(b)(3)(iii), and (c) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.86  Requirements for producers and importers of pentane used 
by pentane blenders.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (iv) A description of the production facility which demonstrates 
that the facility is capable of producing pentane that is compliant 
with the requirements of this section without significant modifications 
to the existing facility.
* * * * *
    (3) * * *
    (iii) A description of the importer's operating facility which 
demonstrates that the importer is capable of providing pentane that is 
compliant with the requirements of this section without significant 
modifications to the existing facility.
* * * * *
    (c) PTDs. The producer or importer of pentane for use by pentane 
blenders must initiate a PTD for each batch that it ships from its 
facility which contains the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) 
and (c)(2) of this section and the statement in paragraph (c)(3) or 
(c)(4) of this section, as applicable.
    (1) The pentane producer or importer company name and facility 
registration number issued by EPA pursuant to paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (2) The name and address of the transferor and transferee.
    (3) ``Blender commercial grade pentane for use by pentane 
blenders''.
    (4) ``Blender non-commercial grade pentane for use by pentane 
blenders''.
    (5) PTDs that are compliant with the requirements in paragraph (c) 
of this section must be transferred from each party transferring 
pentane for use by pentane blenders to each party that receives pentane 
for use by pentane blenders through to the pentane blender.
    (6) Alternative PTD language to that specified in paragraphs (c)(3) 
and (c)(4) of this section may be used as approved by EPA.
* * * * *

Subpart H--Gasoline Sulfur

0
14. Section 80.315 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(1)(iii) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  80.315  How are credits used and what are the limitations on 
credit use?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iii) Any credit transfer takes place no later than March 31 
following the calendar year averaging period when the credits are used.
* * * * *

0
15. Section 80.330 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(ii), and (b)(2);
0
b. Revising paragraph (c)(1);
0
c. Revising paragraph (d)(2); and
0
d. Revising paragraph (e).
    The revisions read as follows:

Sec.  80.330  What are the sampling and testing requirements for 
refiners and importers?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) ASTM D4057.
    (ii) Samples collected under the applicable procedures in ASTM 
D5842 may be used for measuring sulfur content if there is no 
contamination present that could affect the sulfur test result.
    (2) Automatic sampling of petroleum products in pipelines shall be 
performed according to the applicable procedures specified in ASTM 
D4177.
    (c) * * *
    (1) For purposes of paragraph (a) of this section, refiners and 
importers shall use the method provided in Sec.  80.46(a)(1) or one of 
the alternative test methods listed in Sec.  80.46(a)(3) to measure the 
sulfur content of gasoline they produce or import through December 31, 
2015. Beginning January 1, 2016, for purposes of paragraph (a) of this 
section, refiners and importers shall use an approved method in Sec.  
80.47.
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, any 
ASTM sulfur test method for gaseous fuels may be used for quality 
assurance testing under Sec. Sec.  80.340(b)(4) and 80.400, if the 
protocols of the ASTM method are followed and the alternative test 
method is correlated to the method provided in Sec.  80.46(a)(2) 
through December 31, 2015, or in Sec.  80.47 beginning January 1, 2016.

[[Page 9096]]

    (e) Materials incorporated by reference. The published materials 
identified in this section are incorporated by reference into this 
section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 
5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than 
that specified in this section, a document must be published in the 
Federal Register and the material must be available to the public. All 
approved materials are available for inspection at the Air and 
Radiation Docket and Information Center (Air Docket) in the EPA Docket 
Center (EPA/DC) at Rm. 3334, EPA West Bldg., 1301 Constitution Ave. 
NW., Washington, DC. The EPA/DC Public Reading Room hours of operation 
are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal 
holidays. The telephone number of the EPA/DC Public Reading Room is 
(202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Air Docket is (202) 
566-1742. These approved materials are also available for inspection at 
the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For 
information on the availability of this material at NARA, call (202) 
741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. In addition, these 
materials are available from the sources listed below.
    (1) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, (877) 909-ASTM, or http://www.astm.org:
    (i) ASTM D4057-12, Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of 
Petroleum and Petroleum Products, approved December 1, 2012 (``ASTM 
D4057'').
    (ii) ASTM D4177-95 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Practice for 
Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, approved May 1, 
2010 (``ASTM D4177'').
    (iii) ASTM D5842-14, Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of 
Fuels for Volatility Measurement, approved January 15, 2014 (``ASTM 
D5842'').
    (2) [Reserved]

Subpart I-- Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and 
Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel

0
16. Section 80.510 is amended by revising the section heading and 
paragraph (k) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.510  What are the standards and marker requirements for 
refiners and importers for NRLM diesel fuel and ECA marine fuel?

* * * * *
    (k) Beginning June 1, 2014, all ECA marine fuel is subject to a 
maximum per-gallon sulfur content of 1,000 ppm. Note that ECA marine 
fuel does not include fuel used in exempted steamships (or other 
exempted or excluded vessels) or fuel that exceeds the fuel sulfur 
limits while operating in an ECA or an ECA associated area as allowed 
by the U.S. government consistent with MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 3 or 
Regulation 4 (see Sec.  80.2(ttt)).

0
17. Section 80.511 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(9) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.511  What are the per-gallon and marker requirements that 
apply to NRLM diesel fuel, ECA marine fuel, and heating oil downstream 
of the refiner or importer?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (9) The per-gallon sulfur standard of Sec.  80.510(k) shall apply 
to all ECA marine fuel beginning August 1, 2014, for all downstream 
locations other than retail outlets or wholesale purchaser-consumer 
facilities, shall apply to all ECA marine fuel beginning October 1, 
2014, for retail outlets and wholesale purchaser-consumer facilities, 
and shall apply to all ECA marine fuel beginning December 1, 2014, for 
all locations. Note that ECA marine fuel does not include fuel used in 
exempted steamships (or other exempted or excluded vessels) or fuel 
that exceeds the fuel sulfur limits while operating in an ECA or an ECA 
associated area as allowed by the U.S. government consistent with 
MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 3 or Regulation 4 (see Sec.  80.2(ttt)).
* * * * *

0
18. Section 80.574 is amended by revising paragraph (b) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.574  What labeling requirements apply to retailers and 
wholesale purchaser-consumers of ECA marine fuel beginning June 1, 
2014?

* * * * *
    (b) Alternative labels to those specified in paragraph (a) of this 
section may be used as approved by EPA. Send requests to--
    (1) For U.S. Mail: U.S. EPA, Attn: ECA Marine Fuel Alternative 
Label Request, 6406J, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 
20460.
    (2) [Reserved]

0
19. Section 80.584 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.584  What are the precision and accuracy criteria for approval 
of test methods for determining the sulfur content of motor vehicle 
diesel fuel, NRLM diesel fuel, and ECA marine fuel?

    (a) Precision. (1) For motor vehicle diesel fuel and diesel fuel 
additives subject to the 15 ppm sulfur standard of Sec.  80.520(a)(1) 
and NRLM diesel fuel and diesel fuel additives subject to the 15 ppm 
sulfur standard of Sec.  80.510(b) and (c), a standard deviation less 
than 0.72 ppm, computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made 
over 20 days (tests may be arranged into no fewer than five batches of 
four or fewer tests each, with only one such batch allowed per day over 
the minimum of 20 days) on samples taken from a single homogeneous 
commercially available diesel fuel with a sulfur content in the range 
of 5-15 ppm. The 20 results must be a series of tests with a sequential 
record of the analyses and no omissions. A laboratory facility may 
exclude a given sample or test result only if the exclusion is for a 
valid reason under good laboratory practices and it maintains records 
regarding the sample and test results and the reason for excluding 
them.
    (2) For motor vehicle diesel fuel subject to the 500 ppm sulfur 
standard of Sec.  80.520(c), and for NRLM diesel fuel subject to the 
500 ppm sulfur standard of Sec.  80.510(a), of a standard deviation 
less than 9.68 ppm, computed from the results of a minimum of 20 tests 
made over 20 days (tests may be arranged into no fewer than five 
batches of four or fewer tests each, with only one such batch allowed 
per day over the minimum of 20 days) on samples taken from a single 
homogeneous commercially available diesel fuel with a sulfur content in 
the range of 200-500 ppm. The 20 results must be a series of tests with 
a sequential record of the analyses and no omissions. A laboratory 
facility may exclude a given sample or test result only if the 
exclusion is for a valid reason under good laboratory practices and it 
maintains records regarding the sample and test results and the reason 
for excluding them.
    (3) For ECA marine fuel subject to the 1,000 ppm sulfur standard of 
Sec.  80.510(k), of a standard deviation less than 18.07 ppm, computed 
from the results of a minimum of 20 tests made over 20 days (tests may 
be arranged into no fewer than five batches of four or fewer tests 
each, with only one such batch allowed per day over the minimum of 20 
days) on samples taken from a single homogeneous commercially available 
diesel fuel with a sulfur content in the range of 700-1,000 ppm. The 20 
results must be a

[[Page 9097]]

series of tests with a sequential record of the analyses and no 
omissions. A laboratory facility may exclude a given sample or test 
result only if the exclusion is for a valid reason under good 
laboratory practices and it maintains records regarding the sample and 
test results and the reason for excluding them.
* * * * *

0
20. Section 80.585 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a);
0
b. Revising paragraphs (e)(1), (e)(2), and (e)(4); and
0
c. Adding a new paragraph (f).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:

Sec.  80.585  What is the process for approval of a test method for 
determining the sulfur content of diesel or ECA marine fuel?

    (a)(1) Approval of test methods approved by voluntary consensus-
based standards bodies. Through December 31, 2015, for such a method to 
be approved, the following information must be submitted to the 
Administrator by each test facility for each test method that it wishes 
to have approved: Any test method approved by a voluntary consensus-
based standards body, such as ASTM International or the International 
Organization for Standardization (ISO), shall be approved as a test 
method for determining the sulfur content of diesel fuel if it meets 
the applicable accuracy and precision criteria under Sec.  80.584. The 
approval of a test method is limited to the single test facility that 
performed the testing for accuracy and precision. The individual 
facility must submit the accuracy and precision results for each 
method, including information on the date and time of each test 
measurement used to demonstrate precision, following procedures 
established by the Administrator.
    (2) Approval of test methods approved by voluntary consensus-based 
standards bodies. Beginning January 1, 2016, any test method approved 
by a voluntary consensus-based standards body, such as the ASTM 
International or the International Organization for Standardization 
(ISO), shall be approved as a test method for determining the sulfur 
content of diesel fuel if it meets the applicable accuracy and 
precision criteria under Sec.  80.584. These records must be kept by 
the facility for a period of five years.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) Follow all mandatory provisions of ASTM D6299 and construct 
control charts from the mandatory quality control testing prescribed in 
paragraph 7.1 of the reference method, following guidelines under A 
1.5.1 for individual observation charts and A 1.5.4 for moving range 
charts.
    (2) Follow paragraph 7.3.1 of ASTM D6299 to check standards using a 
reference material at least monthly or following any major change to 
the laboratory equipment or test procedure. Any deviation from the 
accepted reference value of a check standard greater than 1.44 ppm (for 
diesel fuel subject to the 15 ppm sulfur standard), 19.36 ppm (for 
diesel fuel subject to the 500 ppm sulfur standard), or 36.14 ppm (for 
ECA marine fuel subject to the 1,000 ppm sulfur standard must be 
investigated.
* * * * *
    (4) Upon discovery of any quality control testing violation of 
paragraph A 1.5.1.3 for individual observation charts or A1.5.4.1 and 
A1.5.4.2 for moving range charts of ASTM D6299, or any check standard 
deviation greater than 1.44 ppm (for diesel fuel subject to the 15 ppm 
sulfur standard), 19.36 ppm (for diesel fuel subject to the 500 ppm 
sulfur standard), or 36.14 ppm (for ECA marine fuel subject to the 
1,000 ppm sulfur standard), conduct an investigation into the cause of 
such violation or deviation and, after restoring method performance to 
statistical control, retest retained samples from batches originally 
tested since the last satisfactory quality control material or check 
standard testing occasion.
    (f) Materials incorporated by reference. The published materials 
identified in this section are incorporated by reference into this 
section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 
5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than 
that specified in this section, a document must be published in the 
Federal Register and the material must be available to the public. All 
approved materials are available for inspection at the Air and 
Radiation Docket and Information Center (Air Docket) in the EPA Docket 
Center (EPA/DC) at Rm. 3334, EPA West Bldg., 1301 Constitution Ave. 
NW., Washington, DC. The EPA/DC Public Reading Room hours of operation 
are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal 
holidays. The telephone number of the EPA/DC Public Reading Room is 
(202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Air Docket is (202) 
566-1742. These approved materials are also available for inspection at 
the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For 
information on the availability of this material at NARA, call (202) 
741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. In addition, these 
materials are available from the sources listed below.
    (1) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700, 
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, (877) 909-ASTM, or http://www.astm.org:
    (i) ASTM D6299-13, Standard Practice for Applying Statistical 
Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate 
Analytical Measurement System Performance, approved October 1, 2013 
(``ASTM D6299'').
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (2) [Reserved]

0
21. Section 80.590 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(7)(vii) and 
(b) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.590  What are the product transfer document requirements for 
motor vehicle diesel fuel, NRLM diesel fuel, heating oil, ECA marine 
fuel, and other distillates?

    (a) * * *
    (7) * * *
    (vii) ECA marine fuel. For ECA marine fuel produced or imported 
beginning June 1, 2014, ``1,000 ppm sulfur (maximum) ECA marine fuel. 
For use in Category 3 marine vessels only. Not for use in engines not 
installed on C3 marine vessels.''
    (b) Any of the following may be substituted for the descriptions in 
paragraph (a) of this section, as appropriate:
    (1) ``This is high sulfur diesel fuel for use only in Guam, 
American Samoa, or the Northern Mariana Islands.''
    (2) ``This diesel fuel is for export use only.''
    (3) ``This diesel fuel is for research, development, or testing 
purposes only.''
    (4) ``This diesel fuel is for use in diesel highway vehicles or 
nonroad equipment under an EPA-approved national security exemption 
only.''
    (5) ``High sulfur fuel. For use only in ships with an approved 
permit as allowed by MARPOL Annex VI, Regulation 3.''
    (6) ``High sulfur fuel. For use only in ships as allowed by MARPOL 
Annex VI, Regulation 4.''
    (7) ``High sulfur fuel. For use only in ships as allowed by MARPOL 
Annex VI, Regulation 3 or Regulation 4.''
* * * * *

0
22. Section 80.597 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(3) introductory 
text to read as follows:

[[Page 9098]]

Sec.  80.597  What are the registration requirements?

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (3) Except as prescribed in paragraph (d)(6) of this section, each 
entity as defined in Sec.  80.502 that intends to deliver or receive 
custody of any of the following fuels beginning June 1, 2014, must 
register with EPA by December 31, 2012, or prior to commencement of 
producing, importing, or distributing any distillate or residual fuel 
listed in this paragraph (d)(3):
* * * * *

0
23. Section 80.607 is amended by:
0
a. Revising the section heading;
0
b. Revising paragraph (a);
0
c. Revising paragraphs (c)(3)(iv) and (c)(4)(iv);
0
d. Revising paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(3); and
0
e. Revising paragraph (f).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:

Sec.  80.607  What are the requirements for obtaining an exemption for 
diesel fuel used for research, development or testing purposes?

    (a) Written request for a research and development exemption. Any 
person may receive an exemption from the provisions of this subpart for 
MVNRLM diesel fuel used for research, development, or testing purposes 
by submitting the information listed in paragraph (c) of this section 
to: U.S. EPA--Attn: Research and Development Exemption Request, 6406J, 
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20460.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (iv) The quantity of fuel which does not comply with the 
requirements of Sec. Sec.  80.520 and 80.521 for motor vehicle diesel 
fuel, or Sec.  80.510 for NRLM diesel fuel.
    (4) * * *
    (iv) The manner in which the party will ensure that the research 
and development fuel will be segregated from motor vehicle diesel fuel 
or NRLM diesel fuel, as applicable, and how fuel pumps will be labeled 
to ensure proper use of the research and development fuel.
* * * * *
    (d) Additional requirements. (1) The product transfer documents 
associated with research and development diesel fuel must comply with 
the product transfer document requirements of Sec.  80.590(b)(3).
* * * * *
    (3) The research and development fuel must be kept segregated from 
non-exempt MVNRLM diesel fuel at all points in the distribution system.
* * * * *
    (f) Effects of exemption. Motor vehicle diesel fuel or NRLM diesel 
fuel that is subject to a research and development exemption under this 
section is exempt from other provisions of this subpart provided that 
the fuel is used in a manner that complies with the purpose of the 
program under paragraph (c) of this section and the requirements of 
this section.
* * * * *

0
24. Section 80.608 is amended by revising paragraph (d) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.608  What requirements apply to diesel fuel and ECA marine 
fuel for use in the Territories?

* * * * *
    (d) Segregated from non-exempt MVNRLM diesel fuel and/or non-exempt 
ECA marine fuel at all points in the distribution system from the point 
the fuel is designated as exempt fuel only for use in Guam, American 
Samoa, or the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, while the 
exempt fuel is in the United States (including an Emission Control 
Area, or an ECA associated area per 40 CFR 1043.20) but outside these 
Territories.

Subpart L--Gasoline Benzene

0
25. Section 80.1270 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(2) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.1270  Who may generate benzene credits under the ABT program?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) Oxygenate blenders, butane blenders using the provisions of 
Sec.  80.82, pentane blenders using the provisions of Sec.  80.85, and 
transmix producers may not generate standard credits.
* * * * *

0
26. Section 80.1295 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(1)(ii) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  80.1295  How are gasoline benzene credits used?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) Any credit transfer takes place no later than March 31 
following the calendar year averaging period when the credits are used.
* * * * *

Subpart M--Renewable Fuel Standard

0
27. Section 80.1426 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(7) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.1426  How are RINs generated and assigned to batches of 
renewable fuel by renewable fuel producers or importers?

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (7) For renewable fuel oil that is heating oil as defined in 
paragraph (2) of the definition of heating oil in Sec.  80.1401, 
renewable fuel producers and importers shall not generate RINs unless 
they have received affidavits from the final end user or users of the 
fuel oil as specified in Sec.  80.1451(b)(1)(ii)(T)(2).
* * * * *

0
28. Section 80.1453 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) introductory 
text and (a)(12) introductory text to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1453  What are the product transfer document (PTD) 
requirements for the RFS program?

    (a) On each occasion when any party transfers custody or ownership 
of neat and/or blended renewable fuels, except when such fuel is 
dispensed into motor vehicles or nonroad vehicles, engines, or 
equipment, or separated RINs subject to this subpart, the transferor 
must provide to the transferee documents that include all of the 
following information, as applicable:
* * * * *
    (12) For the transfer of renewable fuel for which RINs were 
generated, an accurate and clear statement on the product transfer 
document of the fuel type from Table 1 to Sec.  80.1426, and 
designation of the fuel use(s) intended by the transferor, as follows:
* * * * *

0
29. Section 80.1471 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(1) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.1471  Requirements for QAP auditors.

* * * * *
    (d)(1) In the event that an independent third-party auditor 
identifies a RIN that may have been invalidly generated, the 
independent third-party auditor shall, within five business days, send 
notification of the potentially invalidly generated RIN to the EPA and 
the renewable fuel producer that generated the RIN.
* * * * *

Subpart O--Gasoline Sulfur

0
30. Section 80.1609 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:

[[Page 9099]]

Sec.  80.1609  Oxygenate blender requirements.

    (a) Oxygenate blenders who blend only oxygenate that complies with 
the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section into gasoline 
downstream of the refinery that produced the gasoline or the import 
facility where the gasoline was imported are not subject to the refiner 
or importer requirements of this subpart for such gasoline, but are 
subject to the requirements and prohibitions applicable to downstream 
parties in this subpart. Such oxygenate blenders are subject to the 
requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, the requirements and 
prohibitions applicable to downstream parties, the requirements of 
Sec.  80.1603(d)(2), and the prohibition specified in Sec.  80.1660(e).
* * * * *

0
31. Section 80.1611 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a)(1);
0
b. Revising paragraphs (c) introductory text, (c)(1), and (c)(2); and
0
c. Revising paragraph (d).
0
The revisions read as follows:

Sec.  80.1611  Standards and requirements for certified ethanol 
denaturant.

* * * * *
    (a) Standards. (1) The sulfur content must not be greater than 330 
ppm as determined in accordance with the test requirements of Sec.  
80.1630. If the denaturant manufacturer represents a batch of 
denaturant as having a maximum sulfur content lower than 330 ppm in the 
PTD (for example, no greater than 120 ppm), then the actual sulfur 
content must be no greater than the stated value as determined in 
accordance with the requirements of Sec.  80.1644.
* * * * *
    (c) PTDs. In addition to any other product transfer document 
requirements under this part 80, on each occasion when any person 
transfers custody or title to any certified ethanol denaturant upstream 
of a DFE production or import facility, the transferor shall provide to 
the transferee product transfer documents which include all the 
following information.
    (1) The following statement: ``Certified Ethanol Denaturant 
suitable for use in the manufacture of denatured fuel ethanol meeting 
EPA standards.''
    (2) The PTD must state the sulfur content is 330 ppm or less, or if 
the certified ethanol denaturant manufacturer represents a batch of 
denaturant as having a maximum sulfur content lower than 330 ppm the 
PTD must state that lower sulfur maximum (e.g., has a sulfur content of 
120 ppm or less).
* * * * *
    (d) Batch numbers. Every batch of certified ethanol denaturant 
produced or imported at a denaturant production or import facility 
shall be assigned a number (the ``batch number''), consisting of the 
EPA-assigned ethanol denaturant producer or importer registration 
number, the EPA facility registration number, the last two digits of 
the year in which the batch was produced, and a unique number for the 
batch, beginning with the number one for the first batch produced or 
imported each calendar year and each subsequent batch during the 
calendar year being assigned the next sequential number (e.g., 4321-
54321-95-000001, 4321-54321-95-000002, etc.).

0
32. Section 80.1613 is amended by revising paragraph (a) introductory 
text and adding paragraph (b)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1613  Standards and other requirements for gasoline additive 
manufacturers and blenders.

* * * * *
    (a) Gasoline additive manufacturers, as defined in 40 CFR 79.2(f), 
who manufacture additives with a maximum allowed treatment rate of less 
than 1.0 volume percent must meet all the following requirements:
* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) The person does not add the additive at a concentration that 
contributes more than 3 ppm on a per gallon basis to the sulfur content 
of gasoline.

0
33. Section 80.1615 is amended by revising paragraphs (d) introductory 
text, (d)(1), and (d)(2) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1615  Credit generation.

* * * * *
    (d) For approved small refiners and small volume refineries only, 
the number of credits generated from January 1, 2017 through December 
31, 2019 shall be calculated annually for each applicable averaging 
period as follows:
    (1) From January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2019, if a small 
refiner or small volume refinery has an annual average sulfur level 
(Sa) less than 30.00 ppm but greater than 10.00 ppm, the 
refiner may generate credits using the equation specified in paragraph 
(b) of this section for use in complying with the annual average 
standards of subpart H of this part.
    (2) From January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2019, if a small 
refiner or small volume refinery has an annual average sulfur level 
(Sa) less than 10.00 ppm, the refiner may generate credits 
using the equation specified in paragraph (c) of this section for use 
in complying with the annual average standards of Sec.  80.1603(c)(1) 
and the following equation for complying with the annual average 
standards of subpart H of this part:

CRT2 = Va x (20.00)

Where:

CRT2 = Credits generated for the averaging period for use 
in complying with the annual average standards of subpart H of this 
part only.
Va = Total annual volume of gasoline produced at a 
refinery or imported during the averaging period.

(For example: A small refiner with an annual average sulfur level of 8 
ppm in 2018 may generate CRa = 2 ppm-volume credits (10-8) 
for compliance with the annual average standards of Sec.  80.1603(c)(1) 
plus CRT2 = 20 ppm-volume credits (30-10) for compliance 
with the annual average sulfur standards of subpart H of this part.)
* * * * *

0
34. Section 80.1616 is amended by adding and reserving paragraph (a)(4) 
and revising paragraph (b)(2) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1616  Credit use and transfer.

    (a) * * *
    (4) [Reserved]
* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) Credits generated under Sec.  80.1615(b) through (d) are valid 
for use for five years after the year in which they are generated, 
except that any CRa credits generated in 2015 and 2016 and 
any remaining CRT2 credits will expire and become invalid 
after December 31, 2019, (with the 2019 annual compliance report, due 
March 31, 2020).
* * * * *

0
35. Section 80.1620 is amended by revising paragraphs (d), (e)(1), 
(e)(2), and (f)(1) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1620  Small refiner definition.

* * * * *
    (d) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs (a) and (e)(1) of 
this section, a refiner that acquires or reactivates a refinery that 
was shut down or non-operational during calendar year 2012, may apply 
for small refiner status under this subpart O.
    (e) * * *
    (1) Refiners with refineries built or started up on or after 
January 1, 2013.
    (2) Persons who exceed the employee or crude oil capacity criteria 
under this section on January 1, 2013, but who meet these criteria 
after that date, regardless of whether the reduction in employees or 
crude oil capacity is due

[[Page 9100]]

to operational changes at the refinery or a company sale or 
reorganization.
* * * * *
    (f)(1) A refiner approved as a small refiner under Sec.  80.1622 
who subsequently ceases production of gasoline from processing crude 
oil through refinery processing units, employs more than 1,500 people, 
or exceeds the 155,000 bpcd crude oil capacity limit after January 1, 
2013 as a result of merger with or acquisition of or by another entity, 
is disqualified as a small refiner, except as provided for under 
paragraph (f)(4) of this section. If such disqualification occurs, the 
refiner shall notify EPA in writing no later than 20 days following the 
disqualifying event.
* * * * *

0
36. Section 80.1621 is amended by adding and reserving paragraph (c) 
and adding paragraph (d) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1621  Small volume refinery definition.

* * * * *
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d)(1) A refinery approved as a small refinery under Sec.  80.1622 
that subsequently ceases production of gasoline from processing crude 
oil through refinery processing units or exceeds the 75,000 barrel 
average aggregate daily crude oil throughput limit is disqualified as a 
small refinery. If such disqualification occurs, the refinery shall 
notify EPA in writing no later than 20 days following the disqualifying 
event.
    (2) Any refinery whose status changes under this paragraph (d) 
shall meet the applicable standards of Sec.  80.1603 within a period of 
up to 30 months from the disqualifying event.

0
37. Section 80.1640 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  80.1640  Standards and requirements that apply to refiners 
producing gasoline by blending blendstocks into previously certified 
gasoline (PCG).

    (a) * * *
    (2) To accomplish the exclusion required in paragraph (a)(1) of 
this section, the refiner must determine the volume and sulfur content 
of the PCG used at the refinery and the volume and sulfur content of 
the gasoline produced at the refinery, and use the compliance 
calculation procedures in paragraphs (a)(3) and (4) of this section.
* * * * *

0
38. Section 80.1642 is amended by revising paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(3) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1642  Sampling and testing requirements for producers and 
importers of denatured fuel ethanol and other oxygenates for use by 
oxygenate blenders.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) The sulfur content of the batch of DFE shall be calculated by 
volume weighting the sulfur contribution from the denaturant, and the 
neat ethanol used.
* * * * *
    (3) The sulfur content of the certified denaturant used in the 
calculation in paragraph (c)(1) of this section must be consistent with 
the PTD obtained from a registered certified ethanol denaturant 
producer or importer in accordance with the requirements of Sec.  
80.1611. If the PTD from the certified ethanol denaturant states that 
the sulfur content is 330 ppm, then the sulfur content of the sulfur 
content of the ethanol denaturant must be assumed to be 330 ppm.
* * * * *

0
39. Section 80.1645 is amended by revising the section heading and the 
introductory text to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1645  Sample retention requirements for producers and 
importers of certified ethanol denaturant.

    Beginning January 1, 2017, or on the first day that any producer or 
importer of ethanol denaturant designates a batch of certified ethanol 
denaturant, whichever is earlier, the ethanol denaturant producer or 
importer shall do all the following:
* * * * *

0
40. Section 80.1650 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(4), (b), and 
(g)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1650  Registration.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (4) Producer or importer of certified ethanol denaturant subject to 
the standards under Sec.  80.1611.
    (b) Registration dates. (1) Any gasoline refiner or importer 
required to register shall do so by December 1, 2016, or at least 30 
days in advance of the first date that such person will produce or 
import reformulated gasoline, conventional gasoline, RBOB, or CBOB. If 
a previously unregistered refiner or importer intends to generate 
credits prior to January 1, 2017 (pursuant to Sec.  80.1615), 
registration must occur at least 90 days prior to submitting an annual 
compliance report demonstrating credit generation.
    (2) Any oxygenate producer or importer required to register shall 
do so by November 1, 2016, or at least 60 days in advance of the first 
date that such person will produce or import oxygenate.
    (3) Any oxygenate blender required to register shall do so by 
November 1, 2016, or at least 90 days in advance of the first date that 
such person will blend oxygenate into RBOB.
    (4) Any ethanol denaturant producer or importer required to 
register shall do so by November 1, 2016, or at least 60 days in 
advance of the first date that such person will produce or import 
ethanol denaturant.
* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (3) Any oxygenate blender shall submit updated registration 
information to the Administrator within thirty days of any occasion 
when the registration information previously supplied becomes 
incomplete or inaccurate.
* * * * *

0
41. Section 80.1652 is amended by revising paragraph (c) introductory 
text to read as follows:

Sec.  80.1652  Reporting requirements for gasoline refiners, gasoline 
importers, oxygenate producers, and oxygenate importers.

* * * * *
    (c) Oxygenate producer and importer annual reports. Any oxygenate 
producer, for each of its production facilities, and any importer for 
the oxygenate it imports, shall submit a report for each calendar year 
period that includes all the following information:
* * * * *

Sec.  80.1667  [Amended]

0
42. Section 80.1667 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph 
(c)(1).

PART 85--CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES

0
43. The authority citation for part 85 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart V--[Amended]

Sec.  85.2108  [Removed]

0
44. Remove Sec.  85.2108.

PART 86--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES 
AND ENGINES

0
45. The authority citation for part 86 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

0
46. Section 86.1 is amended by revising paragraph (b) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  86.1  Incorporation by reference.

* * * * *

[[Page 9101]]

    (b) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 
C700, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959, (610) 832-9585, or http://www.astm.org/:
    (1) ASTM C1549-09, Standard Test Method for Determination of Solar 
Reflectance Near Ambient Temperature Using a Portable Solar 
Reflectometer, approved August 1, 2009 (``ASTM C1549''), IBR approved 
for Sec.  86.1869-12(b).
    (2) ASTM D86-12, Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum 
Products at Atmospheric Pressure, approved December 1, 2012 (``ASTM 
D86''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.113-94(b), 
86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (3) ASTM D93-13, Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-
Martens Closed Cup Tester, approved July 15, 2013 (``ASTM D93''), IBR 
approved for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (4) ASTM D445-12, Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of 
Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity), 
approved April 15, 2012 (``ASTM D445''), IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-
94(b).
    (5) ASTM D613-13, Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel 
Fuel Oil, approved December 1, 2013 (``ASTM D613''), IBR approved for 
Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (6) ASTM D975-13a, Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils, 
approved December 1, 2013 (``ASTM D975''), IBR approved for Sec.  
86.1910(c).
    (7) ASTM D976-06 (Reapproved 2011), Standard Test Method for 
Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels, approved October 1, 2011 
(``ASTM D976''), IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (8) ASTM D1319-13, Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in 
Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption, approved 
May 1, 2013 (``ASTM D1319''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 
86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (9) ASTM D1945-03 (reapproved 2010), Standard Test Method for 
Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography, approved January 1, 2010 
(``ASTM D1945''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-94(e) and 
86.513(d).
    (10) ASTM D2163-07, Standard Test Method for Determination of 
Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene 
Mixtures by Gas Chromatography, approved December 1, 2007 (``ASTM 
D2163''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-94(f).
    (11) ASTM D2622-10, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum 
Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, 
approved February 15, 2010 (``ASTM D2622''), IBR approved for 
Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.113-94(b), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (12) ASTM D2699-13b, Standard Test Method for Research Octane 
Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel, approved October 1, 2013 (``ASTM 
D2699''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a) and 86.213(a).
    (13) ASTM D2700-13b, Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number 
of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel, approved October 1, 2013 (``ASTM 
D2700''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a) and 86.213(a).
    (14) ASTM D3231-13, Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in 
Gasoline, approved June 15, 2013 (``ASTM D3231''), IBR approved for 
Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (15) ASTM D3237-12, Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by 
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, approved June 1, 2012 (``ASTM D3237''), 
IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (16) ASTM D4052-11, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative 
Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter, approved 
October 15, 2011 (``ASTM D4052''), IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (17) ASTM D5186-03 (Reapproved 2009), Standard Test Method for 
Determination of the Aromatic Content and Polynuclear Aromatic Content 
of Diesel Fuels and Aviation Turbine Fuels by Supercritical Fluid 
Chromatography, approved April 15, 2009 (``ASTM D5186''), IBR approved 
for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (18) ASTM D5191-13, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of 
Petroleum Products (Mini Method), approved December 1, 2013 (``ASTM 
D5191''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.213(a), and 
86.513(a).
    (19) ASTM E29-93a, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits 
in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications, approved 
March 15, 1993 (``ASTM E29''), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.004-
15(c), 86.007-11(a), 86.007-15(m), 86.1803-01, 86.1823-01(a), 86.1824-
01(c), 86.1825-01(c).
    (20) ASTM E903-96, Standard Test Method for Solar Absorptance, 
Reflectance, and Transmittance of Materials Using Integrating Spheres, 
approved April 10, 1996 (``ASTM E903''), IBR approved for Sec.  
86.1869-12(b).
    (21) ASTM E1918-06, Standard Test Method for Measuring Solar 
Reflectance of Horizontal and Low-Sloped Surfaces in the Field, 
approved August 15, 2006 (``ASTM E1918''), IBR approved for Sec.  
86.1869-12(b).
* * * * *

Subpart A--General Provisions for Emission Regulations for 1977 and 
Later Model Year New Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty Trucks and 
Heavy-Duty Engines, and for 1985 and Later Model Year New Gasoline 
Fueled, Natural Gas-Fueled, Liquefied Petroleum Gas-Fueled and 
Methanol-Fueled Heavy-Duty Vehicles

0
47. Section 86.007-35 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.007-35  Labeling.

    Section 86.007-35 includes text that specifies requirements that 
differ from Sec.  86.095-35. Where a paragraph in Sec.  86.095-35 is 
identical and applicable to Sec.  86.007-35, this may be indicated by 
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved]. 
For guidance see Sec.  86.095-35.''.
    (a) The manufacturer of any motor vehicle (or motor vehicle engine) 
subject to the applicable emission standards (and family emission 
limits, as appropriate) of this subpart, shall, at the time of 
manufacture, affix a permanent legible label, of the type and in the 
manner described below, containing the information hereinafter 
provided, to all production models of such vehicles (or engines) 
available for sale to the public and covered by a Certificate of 
Conformity under Sec.  86.007-30(a).
    (a)(1)-(2) [Reserved]
    (a)(3) heading through (b) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.  
86.095-35.
    (c) Vehicles powered by model year 2007 through 2013 diesel-fueled 
engines must include permanent, readily visible labels on the dashboard 
(or instrument panel) and near all fuel inlets that state ``Use Ultra 
Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Only''; or ``Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel 
Only''.
    (d) through (g) [Reserved]
    (h) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.  86.095-35.
    (i) [Reserved]
    (j) The Administrator may approve in advance other label content 
and formats provided the alternative label contains information 
consistent with this section.

0
48. Section 86.095-35 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(4) and 
removing and reserving paragraph (g) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.095-35  Labeling.

    (a) * * *
    (4) Heavy-duty vehicles employing a fuel or fuels covered by 
evaporative

[[Page 9102]]

emission standards. This paragraph (a)(4) applies for vehicles subject 
to evaporative emission standards under this subpart, as described in 
Sec.  86.016-1(a)(4). See 40 CFR part 1037 for provisions that apply in 
later model years.
    (i) A permanent, legible label shall be affixed in a readily 
visible position in the engine compartment. If such vehicles do not 
have an engine compartment, the label required in this paragraph (a)(4) 
shall be affixed in a readily available position on the operator's 
enclosure or on the engine.
    (ii) The label shall be affixed by the vehicle manufacturer who has 
been issued the Certificate of Conformity for such vehicle, in such a 
manner that it cannot be removed without destroying or defacing the 
label. The label shall not be affixed to any equipment which is easily 
detached from such vehicle.
    (iii) The label shall contain the following information lettered in 
the English language in block letters and numerals, which shall be of a 
color that contrasts with the background of the label:
    (A) The label heading: Vehicle Emission Control Information;
    (B) Full corporate name and trademark of manufacturer;
    (C) Evaporative family identification;
    (D) The maximum nominal fuel tank capacity (in gallons), as 
specified in 40 CFR 1037.135; and
    (E) An unconditional statement of compliance with the appropriate 
model year U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations which apply 
to XXX-fueled heavy-duty vehicles.
    (F) Vehicles granted final admission under Sec.  85.1505 of this 
chapter must comply with the labeling requirements contained in Sec.  
85.1510 of this chapter.
* * * * *
    (g) [Reserved]
* * * * *

Subpart B--Emission Regulations for 1977 and Later Model Year New 
Light-Duty Vehicles and New Light-Duty Trucks and New Otto-Cycle 
Complete Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Test Procedures

0
49. Section 86.101 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2)(i), 
and (b)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.101  General applicability.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) Through model year 2021, manufacturers may use the test 
procedures specified in paragraph (c) or (d) of this section or, using 
good engineering judgement, elements of both. For any EPA testing 
before model year 2022, EPA will use the manufacturer's selected 
procedures for applying acceptable speed-tolerance criteria (either 
Sec.  86.115-78 or 40 CFR 1066.425(c)). For any other parameters, EPA 
may conduct testing using either of the specified procedures. As 
allowed under this part, manufacturers may use carryover data from 
previous model years to demonstrate compliance with emission standards, 
without regard to the provisions of this section.
    (2) * * *
    (i) For vehicles certified to any of the Tier 3 emission standards 
specified in subpart S of this part, determine overall driver accuracy 
based on drive-cycle metrics as described in 40 CFR 1066.425(j).
* * * * *
    (3) For model years 2022 and later, manufacturers must use the test 
procedures specified in paragraph (d) of this section. Manufacturers 
may continue to use data based on the test procedures specified in 
paragraph (c) of this section for an engine family in 2022 and later 
model years, as long as the engine family is eligible for certification 
with carryover emission data.
* * * * *

0
50. Section 86.113-04 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(1) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  86.113-04  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (a) Gasoline fuel. (1) Gasoline meeting the following 
specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications approved by 
the Administrator, must be used for exhaust and evaporative emission 
testing:

   Table 1 of Sec.   86.113-04--Test Fuel Specifications for Gasoline
                             Without Ethanol
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Reference
              Item                      Regular          procedure \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Research octane, Minimum \2\....  93................  ASTM D2699; ASTM
                                                       D2700
Octane sensitivity \2\..........  7.5...............  ASTM D2699; ASTM
                                                       D2700
Distillation Range ([deg]F):
    Evaporated initial boiling    75-95.............  ASTM D86
     point \3\.
    10% evaporated..............  120-135...........
    50% evaporated..............  200-230...........
    90% evaporated..............  300-325...........
    Evaporated final boiling      415 Maximum.......
     point.
Hydrocarbon composition (vol %):
    Olefins.....................  10% Maximum.......  ASTM D1319
    Aromatics...................  35% Maximum.......
    Saturates...................  Remainder.........
Lead, g/gallon (g/liter),         0.050 (0.013).....  ASTM D3237
 Maximum.
Phosphorous, g/gallon (g/liter),  0.005 (0.0013)....  ASTM D3231
 Maximum.
Total sulfur, wt. % \4\.........  0.0015-0.008......  ASTM D2622
Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent     8.7-9.2 (60.0-      ASTM D5191
 (DVPE), psi (kPa) \5\.            63.4).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.
\2\ Octane specifications are optional for manufacturer testing.
\3\ For testing at altitudes above 1,219 m (4000 feet), the specified
  range is 75-105 [deg]F.
\4\ Sulfur concentration will not exceed 0.0045 weight percent for EPA
  testing.
\5\ For testing unrelated to evaporative emission control, the specified
  range is 8.0-9.2 psi (55.2-63.4 kPa). For testing at altitudes above
  1,219 m (4000 feet), the specified range is 7.6-8.0 psi (52.4-55.2
  kPa). Calculate dry vapor pressure equivalent, DVPE, based on the
  measured total vapor pressure, pT, using the following equation: DVPE
  (psi) = 0.956 [middot] pT-0.347 (or DVPE (kPa) = 0.956 [middot] pT-
  2.39). DVPE is intended to be equivalent to Reid Vapor Pressure using
  a different test method.

[[Page 9103]]

* * * * *

Subpart C--Emission Regulations for 1994 and Later Model Year 
Gasoline-Fueled New Light-Duty Vehicles, New Light-Duty Trucks and 
New Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles; Cold Temperature Test 
Procedures

0
51. Section 86.201 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.201  General applicability.

    (a) Vehicles are subject to cold temperature testing requirements 
as described in subpart S of this part and 40 CFR part 600.
    (b) Migration to 40 CFR parts 1065 and 1066. This subpart 
transitions to rely on the test procedure specifications in 40 CFR 
parts 1065 and 1066 as follows:
    (1) Through model year 2021, manufacturers may use the test 
procedures specified in paragraph (c) or (d) of this section or, using 
good engineering judgement, elements of both. For any EPA testing 
before model year 2022, EPA will use the manufacturer's selected 
procedures for applying acceptable speed-tolerance criteria. For any 
other parameters, EPA may conduct testing using either of the specified 
procedures. As allowed under this part, manufacturers may use carryover 
data from previous model years to demonstrate compliance with emission 
standards, without regard to the provisions of this section.
    (2) For vehicles certified before model year 2022 to any of the 
Tier 3 emission standards specified in subpart S of this part, 
manufacturers must determine overall driver accuracy based on driven 
cycle energy as described in 40 CFR 1066.425(j).
    (c) Interim procedures. Through model year 2021, manufacturers may 
certify vehicles based on data collected according to previously 
published cold temperature and intermediate temperature testing 
procedures.
    (d) Long-term procedures. Starting in model year 2022, perform 
testing to measure CO and NMHC emissions and determine fuel economy as 
described in 40 CFR part 1066; see especially 40 CFR 1066.710. We may 
approve the use of previously published cold temperature and 
intermediate temperature testing procedures for later model years as an 
alternative procedure under 40 CFR 1066.10(c). Perform intermediate 
temperature testing as follows:
    (1) For testing during ambient temperatures of less than 50 [deg]F 
(10 [deg]C), perform testing as described in 40 CFR part 1066, subpart 
H.
    (2) For testing at temperatures of 50 [deg]F (10 [deg]C) or higher, 
perform FTP testing as described in 40 CFR part 1066.
    (e) Section 86.213 describes special provisions related to test 
fuel specifications.

0
52. Section 86.213 is amended by revising Table 1 in paragraph (a)(2) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  86.213  Fuel specifications.

    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *

        Table 1 of Sec.   86.213--Cold Temperature Test Fuel Specifications for Gasoline Without Ethanol
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Item                          Regular                  Premium          Reference procedure \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(RON+MON)/2 \2\......................  87.80.3....  92.30.5....  ASTM D2699; ASTM D2700
Sensitivity \3\......................  7.5....................  7.5....................  ASTM D2699; ASTM D2700
Distillation Range ([deg]F):
    Evaporated initial boiling point.  76-96..................  76-96..................  ASTM D86
    10% evaporated...................  98-118.................  105-125................
    50% evaporated...................  179-214................  195-225................
    90% evaporated...................  316-346................  316-346................
    Evaporated final boiling point...  413 Maximum............  413 Maximum............
Hydrocarbon composition (vol %):
    Olefins..........................  12.55.0....  10.55.0....  ASTM D1319
    Aromatics........................  26.44.0....  32.04.0....
    Saturates........................  Remainder..............  Remainder..............
Lead, g/gallon.......................  0.01, Maximum..........  0.01, Maximum..........  ASTM D3237
Phosphorous, g/gallon................  0.005, Maximum.........  0.005, Maximum.........  ASTM D3231
Total sulfur, wt. % \3\..............  0.0015-0.008...........  0.0015-0.008...........  ASTM D2622
RVP, psi.............................  11.50.3....  11.50.3....  ASTM D5191
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.
\2\ Octane specifications are optional for manufacturer testing. The premium fuel specifications apply for
  vehicles designed to use high-octane premium fuel.
\3\ Sulfur concentration will not exceed 0.0045 weight percent for EPA testing.

* * * * *

Subpart F--Emission Regulations for 1978 and Later New Motorcycles; 
Test Procedures

0
53. Section 86.513 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(1) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  86.513  Fuel and engine lubricant specifications.

    (a) * * *
    (1) Gasoline meeting the following specifications, or substantially 
equivalent specifications approved by the Administrator, must be used 
for exhaust and evaporative emission testing:

       Table 1 of Sec.   86.513--Gasoline Test Fuel Specifications
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Item                    Value            Procedure \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distillation Range:
    1. Initial boiling point,  23.9-35.0 \2\...  ASTM D86
     [deg]C.

[[Page 9104]]

 
    2. 10% point, [deg]C.....  48.9-57.2.......
    3. 50% point, [deg]C.....  93.3-110.0......
    4. 90% point, [deg]C.....  148.9-162.8.....
    5. End point, [deg]C.....  212.8 maximum...
Hydrocarbon composition:
    1. Olefins, volume %.....  10 maximum......  ASTM D1319
    2. Aromatics, volume %...  35 maximum......
    3. Saturates.............  Remainder.......
Lead (organic), g/liter......  0.013 maximum...  ASTM D3237
Phosphorous, g/liter.........  0.0013 maximum..  ASTM D3231
Sulfur, weight %.............  0.008 maximum...  ASTM D2622
Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent  55.2 to 63.4 \3\  ASTM D5191
 (DVPE), kPa.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.
\2\ For testing at altitudes above 1,219 m, the specified initial
  boiling point range is (23.9 to 40.6) [deg]C.
\3\ For testing at altitudes above 1,219 m, the specified volatility
  range is 52 to 55 kPa. Calculate dry vapor pressure equivalent, DVPE,
  based on the measured total vapor pressure, pT, using the following
  equation: DVPE (kPa) = 0.956 [middot] pT-2.39 (or DVPE (psi) = 0.956
  [middot] pT-0.347). DVPE is intended to be equivalent to Reid Vapor
  Pressure using a different test method.

* * * * *

Sec.  86.513-2004  [Removed]

0
54. Remove Sec.  86.513-2004.

Sec.  86.529-98  [Amended]

0
55. Section 86.529-98 paragraph (b) is amended in Figure F98-9, under 
the first column titled ``Loaded vehicle mass (kg)'' by removing ``565-
665'' and adding ``656-665'' in its place.

Subpart S--General Compliance Provisions for Control of Air 
Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty 
Trucks, and Heavy-Duty Vehicles

0
56. The heading for subpart S is revised as set forth above.

0
57. Section 86.1801-12 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii);
0
b. Adding paragraph (a)(2)(iii);
0
c. Revising paragraph (a)(3) introductory text;
0
d. Removing paragraph (a)(4); and
0
e. Redesignating paragraph (a)(5) as paragraph (a)(4).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:

Sec.  86.1801-12  Applicability.

    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) Greenhouse gas emission standards apply as specified in 40 CFR 
part 1037 instead of the standards specified in this subpart.
    (iii) The provisions of this subpart are optional for diesel-fueled 
Class 3 heavy-duty vehicles in a given model year if those vehicles are 
equipped with engines certified to the appropriate standards in Sec.  
86.007-11 for which less than half of the engine family's sales for the 
model year in the United States are for complete Class 3 heavy-duty 
vehicles. This includes engines sold to all vehicle manufacturers. If 
you are the original manufacturer of the engine and the vehicle, base 
this showing on your sales information. If you manufacture the vehicle 
but are not the original manufacturer of the engine, you must use your 
best estimate of the original manufacturer's sales information.
    (3) The provisions of this subpart generally do not apply to 
incomplete heavy-duty vehicles or to complete vehicles above 14,000 
pounds GVWR (see subpart A of this part and 40 CFR parts 1036 and 
1037). However, this subpart applies to such vehicles in the following 
cases:
* * * * *

0
58. Section 86.1803-01 is amended by revising the definition of 
``Averaging set'' to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1803-01  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Averaging set means a category or subcategory of vehicles within 
which test groups can average and trade emission credits with one 
another.
* * * * *

0
59. Section 86.1805-17 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b), and 
(c) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1805-17  Useful life.

    (a) General provisions. The useful life values specified in this 
section apply for all exhaust, evaporative, refueling, and OBD emission 
requirements described in this subpart, except for standards that are 
specified to apply only at certification. These useful life 
requirements also apply to all air conditioning leakage credits, air 
conditioning efficiency credits, and other credit programs used by the 
manufacturer to comply with the fleet-average CO2 emission 
standards in Sec.  86.1818. Useful life values are specified as a given 
number of calendar years or miles of driving, whichever comes first.
    (b) Greenhouse gas pollutants. The emission standards in Sec.  
86.1818 apply for a useful life of 10 years or 120,000 miles for LDV 
and LLDT and 11 years or 120,000 miles for HLDT and MDPV. Manufacturers 
may alternatively certify based on a longer useful life as specified in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (c) Cold temperature emission standards. The cold temperature NMHC 
emission standards in Sec.  86.1811 apply for a useful life of 10 years 
or 120,000 miles for LDV and LLDT, and 11 years or 120,000 miles for 
HLDT and HDV. The cold temperature CO emission standards in Sec.  
86.1811 apply for a useful life of 5 years or 50,000 miles.
* * * * *

0
60. Section 86.1806-17 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(8) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  86.1806-17  Onboard diagnostics.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (8) Apply thresholds for exhaust emission malfunctions from Tier 3 
vehicles based on the thresholds calculated for the corresponding bin 
standards in the California LEV II program as prescribed for the latest 
model year in 13 CCR 1968.2(e) and (f). For example, for Tier 3 Bin 160 
standards, apply the threshold that applies for the LEV standards. For 
cases involving Tier 3 standards that have no corresponding bin 
standards from the California LEV II program, use the next highest LEV 
II bin. For example, for Tier 3 Bin 50 standards, apply the threshold 
that applies for the ULEV standards. You may apply thresholds that are 
more

[[Page 9105]]

stringent than we require under this paragraph (a)(8).
* * * * *

0
61. Section 86.1810-01 is amended by revising paragraph (o) and 
removing paragraph (p) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1810-01  General standards; increase in emissions; unsafe 
condition; waivers.

* * * * *
    (o) NMOG determination procedures. Measure NMOG emissions or 
determine NMOG emissions based on NMHC measurements using the 
procedures described in 40 CFR 1066.635. For Tier 2 and interim non-
Tier 2 vehicles fueled by gasoline, manufacturers may instead measure 
NMHC and multiply the result by an adjustment factor of 1.04 before 
comparing with the NMOG standard to determine compliance with that 
standard.

0
62. Section 86.1810-17 is amended by revising paragraph (h)(1) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  86.1810-17  General requirements.

* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (1) For criteria exhaust emissions, we may identify the worst-case 
fuel blend for testing in addition to what is required for gasoline-
fueled vehicles. The worst-case fuel blend may be the fuel specified in 
40 CFR 1065.725, or it may consist of a combination of the fuels 
specified in 40 CFR 1065.710(b) and 1065.725. We may waive testing with 
the worst-case blended fuel for US06 and/or SC03 duty cycles; if we 
waive only SC03 testing, substitute the SC03 emission result using the 
standard test fuel for gasoline-fueled vehicles to calculate composite 
SFTP emissions.
* * * * *

0
63. Section 86.1811-04 is amended by revising paragraph (j) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  86.1811-04  Emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-
duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

* * * * *
    (j) Highway NOX exhaust emission standard. The NOX 
emissions measured on the federal Highway Fuel Economy Test in 40 CFR 
1066.840 must not be greater than 1.33 times the applicable FTP 
NOX standard to which the manufacturer certifies the test 
group. Both the measured emissions and the product of the 
NOX standard and 1.33 must be rounded to the nearest 0.01 g/
mi before being compared.
* * * * *

0
64. Section 86.1811-17 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a);
0
b. Revising paragraphs (b)(2), (b)(8), (b)(9) introductory text, 
(b)(10), and (b)(11);
0
c. Adding paragraph (b)(14); and
0
d. Revising paragraphs (c) and (g).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:

Sec.  86.1811-17  Exhaust emission standards for light-duty vehicles, 
light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

    (a) Applicability and general provisions. This section describes 
exhaust emission standards that apply for model year 2017 and later 
light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger 
vehicles. MDPVs are subject to all the same emission standards and 
certification provisions that apply to LDT4. Some of the provisions of 
this section also apply to heavy-duty vehicles as specified in Sec.  
86.1816. See Sec.  86.1818 for greenhouse gas emission standards. See 
Sec.  86.1813 for evaporative and refueling emission standards. This 
section may apply to vehicles from model years earlier than 2017 as 
specified in paragraph (b)(11) of this section.
    (b) * * *
    (2) Table 1 of this section describes fully phased-in Tier 3 
standards that apply as specified in this paragraph (b) for the 
identified driving schedules. The FTP standards for NMOG+NOX 
apply on a fleet-average basis using discrete bin standards as 
described in paragraph (b)(4) of this section. The bin standards 
include additional emission standards for high-altitude testing and for 
CO emissions when testing over the FTP driving schedule. The SFTP 
standards for NMOG+NOX apply on a fleet-average basis as 
described in paragraph (b)(5) of this section. Table 1 follows:

            Table 1 of Sec.   86.1811-17--Fully Phased-in Tier 3 Exhaust Emission Standards (g/mile)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              NMOG+NOX                                 PM                           CO            Formaldehyde
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     FTP \1\              SFTP               FTP                US06               SFTP               FTP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          0.030              0.050              0.003              0.006                4.2              0.004
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The fleet-average FTP emission standard for NMOG+NOX is 0.026 g/mile for LDV and LDT1 test groups certified
  to standards based on a useful life of 120,000 miles or 10 years in a given model year.

* * * * *
    (8) The following provisions describe the primary approach for 
phasing in the Tier 3 standards other than PM in 2025 and earlier model 
years:
    (i) FTP phase-in. The fleet-average FTP emission standard for 
NMOG+NOX phases in over several years as described in this 
paragraph (b)(8)(i). You must identify FELs as described in paragraph 
(b)(4) of this section and calculate a fleet-average emission level to 
show that you meet the FTP emission standard for NMOG+NOX 
that applies for each model year. For model year 2017, do not include 
vehicles above 6,000 pounds GVWR. Through model year 2019, you may also 
certify to transitional Bin 85 or Bin 110 standards, which consist of 
all-altitude FTP emission standards for NMOG+NOX of 0.085 or 
0.110 g/mile, respectively; additional FTP standards for PM, CO, and 
formaldehyde apply as specified in this section for vehicles certified 
to Bin 125 standards. Fleet-average FTP emission standards decrease 
through the phase-in period as shown in the following table:

    Table 3 of Sec.   86.1811-17--Declining Fleet-Average Tier 3 FTP Emission Standards for NMOG+NOX (g/mile)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    LDV, LDT1--     LDV, LDT1--
                                                                   150,000 mile    120,000 mile
                           Model year                               useful life     useful life     LDT2, HLDT
                                                                        \1\             \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2017 \2\........................................................           0.086           0.073           0.101
2018............................................................           0.079           0.067           0.092
2019............................................................           0.072           0.061           0.083

[[Page 9106]]

 
2020............................................................           0.065           0.055           0.074
2021............................................................           0.058           0.049           0.065
2022............................................................           0.051           0.043           0.056
2023............................................................           0.044           0.037           0.047
2024............................................................           0.037           0.031           0.038
2025............................................................           0.030           0.026           0.030
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Vehicles certified to standards based on a useful life of 120,000 miles may comply based on the fleet-
  average standard specified for 150,000 mile useful life in certain circumstances as specified in paragraph
  (b)(8)(iii)(A) of this section.
\2\ HLDT and MDPV must meet the Tier 3 standards starting with model year 2018.

    (ii) SFTP phase-in. The fleet-average SFTP emission standard for 
NMOG+NOX phases in over several years as described in this 
paragraph (b)(8)(ii). You must identify FELs as described in paragraph 
(b)(5) of this section and calculate a fleet-average emission level to 
show that you meet the SFTP emission standard for NMOG+NOX 
that applies for each model year.
    (A) Calculate the fleet-average emission level together for all 
your light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks, except for those 
certified using the provisions of paragraph (b)(8)(ii)(C) of this 
section. For model year 2017, do not include vehicles above 6,000 
pounds GVWR (in the numerator or denominator).
    (B) Fleet-average SFTP emission standards decrease through the 
phase-in period as shown in the following table:

    Table 4 of Sec.   86.1811-17--Declining Fleet-Average Tier 3 SFTP
                           Emission Standards
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           NMOG+NOX (g/
                       Model year                              mile)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2017 \1\................................................           0.103
2018....................................................           0.097
2019....................................................           0.090
2020....................................................           0.083
2021....................................................           0.077
2022....................................................           0.070
2023....................................................           0.063
2024....................................................           0.057
2025....................................................           0.050
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ HLDT and MDPV must meet the Tier 3 standards starting with model
  year 2018.

    (C) You may use the SFTP stand-alone option specified in 13 CCR 
1961.2 (a)(7)(A)1 of the LEV III program to demonstrate compliance with 
EPA's SFTP standards. Do not include any such test groups when 
demonstrating compliance with the phased-in fleet-average SFTP 
standards specified in this paragraph (b)(8)(ii). Note that this option 
is not available for vehicles certified to the transitional bins 
described in paragraph (b)(8)(i) of this section.
    (iii) Interim provisions. (A) For vehicles certified to bins higher 
than Bin 70 under this section through model year 2019, the Tier 2 
useful life period applies as specified in Sec.  86.1805-12 for all 
criteria pollutants other than PM. However, LDV and LDT1 test groups 
certified to bin standards above Bin 70 through model year 2019 may be 
included in the same averaging set with vehicles meeting standards over 
a 150,000 mile useful life, notwithstanding the provisions of Sec.  
86.1861-17(b)(1)(iii). Any such vehicles you include in the averaging 
set for 150,000 mile useful life are also subject to the fleet-average 
NMOG+NOX standard specified for 150,000 mile useful life; 
similarly, any such vehicles you include in the averaging set for 
120,000 mile useful life are also subject to the fleet-average 
NMOG+NOX standard specified for 120,000 mile useful life.
    (B) You may use the E0 test fuel specified in Sec.  86.113 through 
model year 2019 for gasoline-fueled vehicles certified to bins higher 
than Bin 70. You may not certify these vehicles using carryover data 
after model year 2019.
    (C) Vehicles must continue to comply with the Tier 2 SFTP emission 
standards for NMHC+NOX and CO for 4,000-mile testing as 
specified in Sec.  86.1811-04(f)(1) if they are certified to 
transitional Bin 85 or Bin 110 standards, or if they are certified 
based on a fuel without ethanol, or if they are not certified to the 
Tier 3 p.m. standard.
    (iv) You may use the alternative phase-in provisions described in 
paragraph (b)(9) of this section to transition to the Tier 3 exhaust 
emission standards on a different schedule.
    (9) This paragraph (b)(9) describes an alternative approach to 
phasing in the Tier 3 emission standards for vehicles above 6,000 
pounds GVWR. If you choose this approach, you must phase in the Tier 3 
standards for all your vehicles above 6,000 pounds GVWR that are 
subject to this section according to this schedule. Under this 
alternative phase-in, you must meet the fully phased-in standards 
specified in this paragraph (b) with 40, 70, and 100 percent of your 
projected nationwide sales of all vehicles above 6,000 pounds GVWR that 
are subject to this section in model years 2019 through 2021, 
respectively. Any vehicles not subject to Tier 3 standards during the 
phase-in period must continue to comply with the Tier 2 standards in 
Sec.  86.1811-04(c) and (f), including the Tier 2 SFTP emission 
standards for NMHC+NOX and CO for 4,000-mile testing as 
specified in Sec.  86.1811-04(f)(1). Vehicles subject to Tier 2 
standards under this paragraph (b)(9) are subject to the useful life 
provisions in Sec.  86.1805-12 relative to exhaust emission standards. 
Each vehicle counting toward the phase-in percentage under this 
paragraph (b)(9) must meet all the standards that apply throughout the 
useful life as specified in Sec.  86.1805-17, and must use the Tier 3 
test fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-15. The following exceptions and 
special provisions apply under this paragraph (b)(9):
* * * * *
    (10) You may not use credits generated from Tier 2 vehicles for 
demonstrating compliance with the Tier 3 standards except as specified 
in this paragraph (b)(10). You may generate early credits with U.S. 
sales of Tier 2 vehicles in the two model years before the Tier 3 
standards start to apply for a given vehicle model. Vehicles certified 
to the Tier 2 standards must meet all the Tier 2 requirements in Sec.  
86.1811-10, including the fleet-average Tier 2 standards. Calculate 
early Tier 3 emission credits as described in Sec.  86.1861 by 
subtracting the appropriate Tier 2 fleet-average value for FTP

[[Page 9107]]

emissions of NMOG+NOX from 0.160 g/mile. Calculate your 
fleet-average value for the model year based on vehicles at or below 
6,000 pounds GVWR in 2015, on all sizes of vehicles in 2016, and on 
vehicles above 6,000 pounds GVWR in 2017. You may use these early 
credits as described in Sec.  86.1861 for demonstrating compliance with 
the FTP emission standard for NMOG+NOX starting in model 
year 2017. You may use these early credits interchangeably for vehicles 
certified based on a useful life of either 120,000 or 150,000 miles. 
For model years 2018 and later, you may use any remaining early credits 
for banking or trading subject to a limitation based on credits 
generated in California, as follows:
    (i) For the applicable model years in which you generate emission 
credits relative to California's LEV III fleet-average 
NMOG+NOX standard, determine the actual California sales of 
light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks and the actual nationwide 
sales of those same vehicles. (Note: If you have a credit deficit in a 
given model year for your LEV III vehicles, apply the provisions of 
this paragraph (b)(10)(i) based on the appropriate negative credit 
quantity.) In 2015, count sales only from vehicle models at or below 
6,000 pounds GVWR. For each model year, multiply the credits generated 
under the California program by the ratio of nationwide vehicle sales 
to LEV III vehicle sales to calculate an effective nationwide quantity. 
Sum these results for model years 2015 through 2017. Note that this 
calculation results in a maximum credit quantity based on vehicle sales 
in all states, even though the initial credit calculation does not 
include vehicle sales in California or the section 177 states. If you 
comply with the LEV III standards based on pooled emission credits for 
California and the section 177 states, use those pooled emission 
credits and corresponding sales for calculating the maximum credit 
quantity under this paragraph (b)(10)(i).
    (ii) You may not use more early credits generated under this 
paragraph (b)(10) for banking or trading to demonstrate compliance with 
Tier 3 emission standards than the calculated value of the effective 
nationwide credit quantity summed in paragraph (b)(10)(i) of this 
section. If your generated credits are greater than this threshold, 
determine the ratio by which your generated early credits exceed the 
threshold. Calculate an adjusted quantity of early credits generated 
under this paragraph (b)(10) by dividing the generated credit quantity 
from each model year by this ratio of generated credits relative to the 
applicable threshold. This adjusted quantity of credits may be used for 
banking or trading relative to the Tier 3 standards, subject to the 
five-year credit life described in Sec.  86.1861.
    (11) You may certify vehicles to the Tier 3 standards starting in 
model year 2015. To do this, you may either sell all your LEV III 
vehicle models nationwide, or you may certify a subset of your fleet to 
alternate fleet-average emission standards as follows:
    (i) The alternate fleet-average FTP emission standards for 
NMOG+NOX are 0.100 g/mile in 2015 and 0.093 g/mile in 2016 
for LDV and LDT1.
    (ii) The alternate fleet-average FTP emission standards for 
NMOG+NOX are 0.119 g/mile in 2015, 0.110 g/mile in 2016, and 
0.101 g/mile in 2017 for LDT2 and HLDT.
    (iii) The alternate fleet-average SFTP emission standards for 
NMOG+NOX are 0.140 in 2015 for all vehicles, 0.110 in 2016 
for all vehicles, and 0.103 in 2017 for LDT2 and HLDT.
    (iv) The vehicles must meet FTP and SFTP standards for PM as 
specified in Sec.  86.1811-04. The PM testing provisions of Sec.  
86.1829-01(b)(1)(iii)(B) apply for these vehicles.
    (v) Vehicles not certified to the Tier 3 standards in a given model 
year must meet all the requirements that apply for Tier 2 vehicles in 
that model year.
    (vi) For cold temperature testing and for high-altitude testing, 
you may use the E0 fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-04(a) or Sec.  86.213 
instead of the E10 test fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-15.
    (vii) Vehicles certified under this paragraph (b)(11) to a bin 
standard at or below Bin 70 must be certified to a useful life of 
150,000 miles.
    (viii) The interim provisions described in paragraph (b)(8)(iii) of 
this section apply for vehicles certified under this paragraph (b)(11), 
except that credits generated under this paragraph (b)(11) may be used 
interchangeably for vehicles certified based on a useful life of either 
120,000 or 150,000 miles.
    (ix) For vehicles certified under this paragraph (b)(11), you may 
generate emission credits and use those credits for demonstrating 
compliance with Tier 3 standards as described in paragraph (b)(10) of 
this section or as described in Sec.  86.1861.
* * * * *
    (14) This subpart describes several ways that the transition to 
Final Tier 3 standards applies differently for vehicles above and below 
6,000 pounds GVWR. All these distinctions apply only for LDT. LDV as a 
category is defined independent of GVWR, so any LDV above 6,000 pounds 
GVWR are subject to the same provisions that apply for LDV at or below 
6,000 pounds GVWR. Where this section refers to ``vehicles above 6,000 
pounds GVWR,'' this should be understood to include LDT above 6,000 
pounds GVWR and MDPV (or HLDT and MDPV), and to exclude all LDV.
    (c) Highway NMOG+NOX exhaust emission standard. NMOG+NOX 
emissions measured on the federal Highway Fuel Economy Test in 40 CFR 
1066.840 may not exceed the applicable FTP bin standard for 
NMOG+NOX. Demonstrate compliance with this standard for low-
mileage vehicles by applying the appropriate deterioration factor. For 
vehicles not certified to any Tier 3 emission standards specified in 
paragraph (b) of this section, the provisions of Sec.  86.1811-04(j) 
apply instead of this paragraph (c).
* * * * *
    (g) Cold temperature exhaust emission standards. The standards in 
this paragraph (g) apply for certification and in-use vehicles tested 
over the test procedures specified in subpart C of this part, for 
testing at both low-altitude conditions and high-altitude conditions. 
These standards apply only to gasoline-fueled vehicles. Multi-fuel, bi-
fuel or dual-fuel vehicles must comply with requirements using gasoline 
only. Testing with other fuels such as a high-level ethanol-gasoline 
blend, or testing on diesel vehicles, is not required.
    (1) Cold temperature CO standards. Cold temperature CO exhaust 
emission standards apply as follows:
    (i) For LDV and LDT1, the standard is 10.0 g/mile CO.
    (ii) For LDT2, LDT3 and LDT4, the standard is 12.5 grams per mile 
CO.
    (2) Cold temperature NMHC standards. The following fleet average 
cold temperature NMHC standards apply as follows:
* * * * *

0
65. Section 86.1813-17 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(1)(iv) and 
(a)(2)(i) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1813-17  Evaporative and refueling emission standards.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iv) Emissions are generally measured with a flame ionization 
detector (FID). In the case of rig, diurnal, hot soak, and running loss 
testing with E10 test fuel, multiply measured (unspeciated) FID values 
by 1.08 to account for the FID's reduced response to ethanol. However, 
you may instead determine total hydrocarbon equivalent for E10 testing

[[Page 9108]]

based on speciated measurements as described in Sec.  86.143-96(c). You 
may use different methods (with or without speciation) for different 
test elements for a given test vehicle; however, you must always use 
the same method for diurnal and hot soak testing. In addition, any 
later testing with vehicles from that evaporative/refueling family must 
use the same method that was used for the original testing. Similarly, 
any evaporative/refueling families certified in later model years using 
carryover data must use the same method that was used for the original 
testing. We may do testing with or without speciation, but we will 
apply the 1.08 correction factor to unspeciated measurements for any of 
these four categories of evaporative emissions only if you also use it 
to determine your final test results.
    (2) * * *
    (i) The emission standard for the sum of diurnal and hot soak 
measurements from the two-diurnal test sequence and the three-diurnal 
test sequence is based on a fleet average in a given model year. You 
must specify a family emission limit (FEL) for each evaporative family. 
The FEL serves as the emission standard for the evaporative family with 
respect to all required diurnal and hot soak testing. Calculate your 
fleet-average emission level as described in Sec.  86.1860 based on the 
FEL that applies for low-altitude testing to show that you meet the 
specified standard. For multi-fueled vehicles, calculate fleet-average 
emission levels based only on emission levels for testing with 
gasoline. You may generate emission credits for banking and trading and 
you may use banked or traded credits for demonstrating compliance with 
the diurnal plus hot soak emission standard for vehicles required to 
meet the Tier 3 standards, other than electric vehicles and gaseous-
fueled vehicles, as described in Sec.  86.1861 starting in model year 
2017. You comply with the emission standard for a given model year if 
you have enough credits to show that your fleet-average emission level 
is at or below the applicable standard. You may exchange credits 
between or among evaporative families within an averaging set as 
described in Sec.  86.1861. Separate diurnal plus hot soak emission 
standards apply for each evaporative/refueling emission family as shown 
for high-altitude conditions. The sum of diurnal and hot soak 
measurements may not exceed the following Tier 3 standards:

   Table 1 of Sec.   86.1813-17--Tier 3 Diurnal Plus Hot Soak Emission
                                Standards
                            [grams per test]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Low-altitude
          Vehicle  category           conditions--fleet-   High-altitude
                                            average         conditions
------------------------------------------------------------------------
LDV, LDT1...........................             0.300              0.65
LDT2................................             0.400              0.85
HLDT................................             0.500          \1\ 1.15
HDV.................................             0.600              1.75
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 1.25 g/test for MDPVs.

* * * * *
0
66. Section 86.1816-18 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(1)(ii)(C), 
(b)(8) introductory text, (b)(12)(iii), and (c) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1816-18  Emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (C) For Class 3 vehicles, the Hot LA-92 driving schedule as 
specified in paragraph (c) of Appendix I of this part.
* * * * *
    (8) This paragraph (b)(8) describes an alternative approach to 
phasing in the Tier 3 emission standards. If you choose this approach, 
you must phase in the Tier 3 standards for all your vehicles subject to 
this section according to this schedule. Under this alternative phase 
in, you must meet all the standards specified in paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section according to the phase-in schedule specified in Table 6 of 
this section based on the indicated percentage of your projected 
nationwide sales in each model year. These vehicles must meet the 
applicable FTP emission standard for CO and the HD-SFTP emission 
standards for NMOG+NOX and CO that apply for Class 2b Bin 
170 and Class 3 Bin 230 as described in paragraph (b)(4) of this 
section. Any vehicles not subject to Tier 3 standards during the phase-
in period must continue to comply with the gaseous exhaust emission 
standards in Sec.  86.1816-08. Each vehicle counting toward the PM 
phase-in percentage under this paragraph (b)(8) in model years 2019 and 
2020 must also be included in the portion of the fleet meeting the Tier 
3 standards for pollutants other than PM. Each vehicle counting toward 
the phase-in percentage for any pollutant must use the Tier 3 test fuel 
specified in Sec.  86.113-15. The following exceptions and special 
provisions apply under this paragraph (b)(8):
* * * * *
    (12) * * *
    (iii) Alternate in-use FTP and HD-SFTP standards for 
NMOG+NOX apply as specified in the following table:

    Table 7 of Sec.   86.1816-18--Alternate In-use NMOG+NOX Standards
                                [g/mile]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                HD-SFTP
             Class                    FEL name         FTP        \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
2b.............................  Bin 250..........      0.370      1.120
 
Bin 200........................  0.300............      1.120  .........
 
Bin 170........................  0.250............      0.630  .........
 
Bin 150........................  0.220............      0.630  .........
3..............................  Bin 400..........      0.600      0.770
 
Bin 270........................  0.400............      0.770  .........
 
Bin 230........................  0.340............      0.490  .........
 
Bin 200........................  0.300............      0.490  .........
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For Class 2b vehicles with a power-to-weight ratio at or below 0.024
  hp/pound that are certified to optional standards under paragraphs
  (b)(2) and (4) of this section, the following alternate in-use HD-SFTP
  standards for NMOG+NOX apply instead of those identified in the table:
  0.490 g/mile for Bin 150 and Bin 170; and 0.770 g/mile for Bin 200 and
  Bin 250. Note that vehicles certified to transitional Tier 3 FTP bins
  are not subject to HD-SFTP standards.

* * * * *
    (c) Highway NMOG+NOX exhaust emission standard. For vehicles 
certified to any of the Tier 3 standards specified in paragraph (b) of 
this section, NMOG+NOX emissions measured on the highway 
test cycle in 40 CFR 1066.840 may not exceed the applicable 
NMOG+NOX bin standard for FTP testing. Demonstrate 
compliance with this standard for low-mileage vehicles by applying the 
appropriate deterioration factor.
* * * * *

0
67. Section 86.1829-15 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraphs (b)(2) and (d)(1);
0
b. Adding paragraph (d)(6); and
0
c. Revising paragraph (e)(9).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:

Sec.  86.1829-15  Durability and emission testing requirements; 
waivers.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) Test one EDV in each test group using the FTP, SFTP, and HFET 
test procedures in 40 CFR part 1066 to

[[Page 9109]]

demonstrate compliance with other exhaust emission standards.
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (1) For vehicles subject to the Tier 3 PM standards in Sec.  
86.1811, a manufacturer may provide a statement in the application for 
certification that vehicles comply with applicable PM standards instead 
of submitting PM test data for a certain number of vehicles. However, 
each manufacturer must test vehicles from a minimum number of 
durability groups as follows:
    (i) Manufacturers with a single durability group subject to the 
Tier 3 PM standards in Sec.  86.1811 must submit PM test data for that 
group.
    (ii) Manufacturers with two to eight durability groups subject to 
the Tier 3 PM standards in Sec.  86.1811 must submit PM test data for 
at least two durability groups each model year. EPA will work with the 
manufacturer to select durability groups for testing, with the general 
expectation that testing will rotate to cover a manufacturer's whole 
product line over time. If a durability group has been certified in an 
earlier model year based on submitted PM data, and that durability 
group is eligible for certification using carryover test data, that 
carryover data may count toward meeting the requirements of this 
paragraph (d)(1), subject to the selection of durability groups.
    (iii) Manufacturers with nine or more durability groups subject to 
the Tier 3 PM standards in Sec.  86.1811 must submit PM test data for 
at least 25 percent of those durability groups each model year. We will 
work with the manufacturer to select durability groups for testing as 
described in paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
* * * * *
    (6) For model years 2012 through 2016, a manufacturer may provide a 
statement in its application for certification that vehicles comply 
with the applicable standards instead of measuring N2O 
emissions. Such a statement may also be used for model year 2017 and 
2018 vehicles only if the application for certification for those 
vehicles is based upon data carried over from a prior model year, as 
allowed under this subpart. No model year 2019 and later vehicles may 
be waived from testing for N2O emissions. Vehicles certified 
to N2O standards using a compliance statement instead of 
submitting test data are not required to collect and submit 
N2O emission data under the in-use testing requirements of 
Sec.  86.1845.
    (e) * * *
    (9) For complete vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR with fuel tanks 
exceeding 35 gallons nominal fuel tank capacity, and for any incomplete 
vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR, a manufacturer may provide a 
statement in the application for certification that vehicles comply 
with refueling emission standards instead of submitting test data, 
consistent with 40 CFR 1037.103(c).
* * * * *

0
68. Section 86.1844-01 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(3) and 
(d)(7)(i) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1844-01  Information requirements: Application for 
certification and submittal of information upon request.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (3) A description of applicable evaporative/refueling families and 
leak families in accordance with the criteria listed in Sec.  86.1821-
01, or as otherwise used to group a product line.
* * * * *
    (7) * * *
    (i) For vehicles certified to any Tier 3 emission standards, 
include a comparison of drive-cycle metrics as specified in 40 CFR 
1066.425(j) for each drive cycle or test phase, as appropriate.
* * * * *
0
69. Section 86.1845-04 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(5), 
(c)(5), and (f)(2) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1845-04  Manufacturer in-use verification testing 
requirements.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (5) Testing. (i) Each test vehicle of a test group shall be tested 
in accordance with the FTP and the US06 portion of the SFTP as 
described in subpart B of this part, when such test vehicle is tested 
for compliance with applicable exhaust emission standards under this 
subpart. Test vehicles subject to applicable exhaust CO2 
emission standards under this subpart shall also be tested in 
accordance with the HFET as described in 40 CFR 1066.840.
    (ii) For vehicles subject to Tier 3 p.m. standards, manufacturers 
must measure PM emissions over the FTP and US06 driving schedules for 
at least 50 percent of the vehicles tested under paragraph (b)(5)(i) of 
this section.
    (iii) Starting with model year 2018 vehicles, manufacturers must 
demonstrate compliance with the Tier 3 leak standard specified in Sec.  
86.1813, if applicable, as described in this paragraph (b)(5)(iii). 
Manufacturers must evaluate each vehicle tested under paragraph 
(b)(5)(i) of this section, except that leak testing is not required for 
vehicles tested under paragraph (b)(5)(iv) of this section for diurnal 
emissions. In addition, manufacturers must evaluate at least one 
vehicle from each leak family for a given model year. Manufacturers may 
rely on OBD monitoring instead of testing as follows:
    (A) A vehicle is considered to pass the leak test if the OBD system 
completed a leak check within the previous 750 miles of driving without 
showing a leak fault code.
    (B) Whether or not a vehicle's OBD system has completed a leak 
check within the previous 750 miles of driving, the manufacturer may 
operate the vehicle as needed to force the OBD system to perform a leak 
check. If the OBD leak check does not show a leak fault, the vehicle is 
considered to pass the leak test.
    (C) If the most recent OBD leak check from paragraph (b)(5)(iii)(A) 
or (B) of this section shows a leak-related fault code as specified in 
Sec.  86.1806-17(b), the vehicle is presumed to have failed the leak 
test. Manufacturers may perform the leak measurement procedure 
described in 40 CFR 1066.985 for an official result to replace the 
finding from the OBD leak check.
    (D) Manufacturers may not perform repeat OBD checks or leak 
measurements to over-ride a failure under paragraph (b)(5)(iii)(C) of 
this section.
    (iv) For nongaseous-fueled vehicles, one test vehicle of each 
evaporative/refueling family shall be tested in accordance with the 
supplemental 2-diurnal-plus-hot-soak evaporative emission and refueling 
emission procedures described in subpart B of this part, when such test 
vehicle is tested for compliance with applicable evaporative emission 
and refueling standards under this subpart. For gaseous-fueled 
vehicles, one test vehicle of each evaporative/refueling family shall 
be tested in accordance with the 3-diurnal-plus-hot-soak evaporative 
emission and refueling emission procedures described in subpart B of 
this part, when such test vehicle is tested for compliance with 
applicable evaporative emission and refueling standards under this 
subpart. The test vehicles tested to fulfill the evaporative/refueling 
testing requirement of this paragraph (b)(5)(iv) will be counted when 
determining compliance with the minimum number of vehicles as specified 
in Table S04-06 and Table S04-07 in paragraph (b)(3) of this section 
for testing under paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this section only if the 
vehicle is also tested for exhaust emissions under the requirements of 
paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this section.
* * * * *

[[Page 9110]]

    (c) * * *
    (5) Testing. (i) Each test vehicle shall be tested in accordance 
with the FTP and the US06 portion of the SFTP as described in subpart B 
of this part when such test vehicle is tested for compliance with 
applicable exhaust emission standards under this subpart. Test vehicles 
subject to applicable exhaust CO2 emission standards under 
this subpart shall also be tested in accordance with the HFET as 
described in 40 CFR 1066.840. One test vehicle from each test group 
shall be tested over the FTP at high altitude. The test vehicle tested 
at high altitude is not required to be one of the same test vehicles 
tested at low altitude. The test vehicle tested at high altitude is 
counted when determining the compliance with the requirements shown in 
Table S04-06 and Table S04-07 in paragraph (b)(3) of this section or 
the expanded sample size as provided for in this paragraph (c).
    (ii) For vehicles subject to Tier 3 p.m. standards, manufacturers 
must measure PM emissions over the FTP and US06 driving schedules for 
at least 50 percent of the vehicles tested under paragraph (c)(5)(i) of 
this section.
    (iii) Starting with model year 2018 vehicles, manufacturers must 
evaluate each vehicle tested under paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this section 
to demonstrate compliance with the Tier 3 leak standard specified in 
Sec.  86.1813, except that leak testing is not required for vehicles 
tested under paragraph (c)(5)(iv) of this section for diurnal 
emissions. In addition, manufacturers must evaluate at least one 
vehicle from each leak family for a given model year. Manufacturers may 
rely on OBD monitoring instead of testing as described in paragraph 
(b)(5)(iii) of this section.
    (iv) For nongaseous-fueled vehicles, one test vehicle of each 
evaporative/refueling family shall be tested in accordance with the 
supplemental 2-diurnal-plus-hot-soak evaporative emission procedures 
described in subpart B of this part, when such test vehicle is tested 
for compliance with applicable evaporative emission and refueling 
standards under this subpart. For gaseous-fueled vehicles, one test 
vehicle of each evaporative/refueling family shall be tested in 
accordance with the 3-diurnal-plus-hot-soak evaporative emission 
procedures described in subpart B of this part, when such test vehicle 
is tested for compliance with applicable evaporative emission and 
refueling standards under this subpart. The vehicles tested to fulfill 
the evaporative/refueling testing requirement of this paragraph 
(c)(5)(iv) will be counted when determining compliance with the minimum 
number of vehicles as specified in Table S04-06 and table S04-07 in 
paragraph (b)(3) of this section for testing under paragraph (c)(5)(i) 
of this section only if the vehicle is also tested for exhaust 
emissions under the requirements of paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this 
section.
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (2) For flexible-fueled vehicles certified to NMOG (or 
NMOG+NOX) standards, the manufacturer may ask for EPA 
approval to demonstrate compliance using an equivalent NMOG emission 
result calculated from a ratio of ethanol NMOG exhaust emissions to 
gasoline NMHC exhaust emissions. Ethanol NMOG exhaust emissions are 
measured values from testing with the ethanol test fuel, expressed as 
NMOG. Gasoline NMHC exhaust emissions are measured values from testing 
with the gasoline test fuel, expressed as NMHC. This ratio must be 
established during certification for each emission-data vehicle for the 
applicable test group. Use good engineering judgment to establish a 
different ratio for each duty cycle or test interval as appropriate. 
Identify the ratio values you develop under this paragraph (f)(2) and 
describe the duty cycle or test interval to which they apply in the 
Part II application for certification. Calculate the equivalent NMOG 
emission result by multiplying the measured gasoline NMHC exhaust 
emissions for a given duty cycle or test interval by the appropriate 
ratio.
* * * * *

0
70. Section 86.1846-01 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and 
(ii) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1846-01  Manufacturer in-use confirmatory testing 
requirements.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) Additional testing is not required under this paragraph (b)(1) 
based on Supplemental FTP testing or evaporative/refueling testing. 
Testing conducted at high altitude under the requirements of Sec.  
86.1845-04(c) will be included in determining if a test group meets the 
criteria triggering the testing required under this section.
    (ii) The vehicle designated for testing under the requirements of 
Sec.  86.1845-04(c)(2) with a minimum odometer reading of 105,000 miles 
or 75% of useful life, whichever is less, will not be included in 
determining if a test group meets the triggering criteria.
* * * * *

0
71. Section 86.1861-17 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (b)(1) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1861-17  How do the NMOG+NOX and evaporative 
emission credit programs work?

* * * * *
    (a) Calculate emission credits as described in this paragraph (a) 
instead of using the provisions of 40 CFR 1037.705. Calculate positive 
or negative emission credits relative to the applicable fleet-average 
standard. Calculate positive emission credits if your fleet-average 
level is below the standard. Calculate negative emission credits if 
your fleet-average value is above the standard. Calculate credits 
separately for each type of standard and for each averaging set. 
Calculate emission credits using the following equation, rounded to the 
nearest whole number:

Emission credit=Volume [middot] [Fleet average standard-Fleet average 
value]

Where:

Emission credit = The positive or negative credit for each discrete 
fleet-average standard, in units of vehicle-grams per mile for 
NMOG+NOX and vehicle-grams per test for evaporative 
emissions.
Volume = Sales volume in a given model year from the collection of 
test groups or evaporative families covered by the fleet-average 
value, as described in Sec.  86.1860.

    (b) * * *
    (1) Except as specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, 
emission credits may be exchanged only within an averaging set, as 
follows:
    (i) HDV represent a separate averaging set with respect to all 
emission standards.
    (ii) Except as specified in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section, 
LDV and LDT represent a single averaging set with respect to all 
emission standards. Note that FTP and SFTP credits are not 
interchangeable.
    (iii) LDV and LDT1 certified to standards based on a useful life of 
120,000 miles and 10 years together represent a single averaging set 
with respect to NMOG+NOX emission standards. Note that FTP 
and SFTP credits are not interchangeable.
    (iv) The following separate averaging sets apply for evaporative 
emission standards:
    (A) LDV and LDT1 together represent a single averaging set.
    (B) LDT2 represents a single averaging set.
    (C) HLDT represents a single averaging set.
    (D) HDV represents a single averaging set.
* * * * *

[[Page 9111]]

0
72. Appendix I to part 86 is amended by revising paragraph (c) 
introductory text to read as follows:

Appendix I to Part 86--Dynamometer Schedules

* * * * *
    (c) EPA driving schedule for class 3 heavy-duty vehicles. This 
driving schedule is also known as the LA-92 cycle. The first 1,435 
seconds are the Hot LA-92 driving schedule.
* * * * *

PART 600--FUEL ECONOMY AND GREENHOUSE GAS EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF 
MOTOR VEHICLES

0
73. The authority citation for part 600 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 32901-23919q, Pub. L. 109-58.

Subpart B--[Amended]

0
74. Section 600.116-12 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(5) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  600.116-12  Special procedures related to electric vehicles and 
hybrid electric vehicles.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (5) The End-of-Test criterion is based on a 1 percent Net Energy 
Change as specified in Section 3.8 of SAE J1711. We may approve 
alternate Net Energy Change tolerances as specified in Section 3.9.1 of 
SAE J1711 for charge-depleting tests or Appendix C of SAE J1711 for 
charge-sustaining tests if the 1 percent threshold is insufficient or 
inappropriate. For charge-sustaining tests, we may approve the use of 
alternate Net Energy Change tolerances as specified in Appendix C of 
SAE J1711 to correct final fuel economy values, CO2 
emissions, and carbon-related exhaust emissions. For charge-sustaining 
tests, do not use alternate Net Energy Change tolerances to correct 
emissions of criteria pollutants. Additionally, if we approve an 
alternate End-of-Test criterion or Net Energy Change tolerances for a 
specific vehicle, we may use the alternate criterion or tolerances for 
any testing we conduct on that vehicle.
* * * * *

0
75. Section 600.117 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b), (c), 
and (d) to read as follows:

Sec.  600.117  Interim provisions.

* * * * *
    (a) Except as specified in paragraph (e) of this section, 
manufacturers must demonstrate compliance with greenhouse gas emission 
standards and determine fuel economy values using E0 gasoline test fuel 
as specified in 40 CFR 86.113-04(a)(1), regardless of any testing with 
Tier 3 test fuel under paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) Manufacturers may demonstrate that vehicles comply with Tier 3 
emission standards as specified in 40 CFR part 86, subpart S, during 
fuel economy measurements using the E0 gasoline test fuel specified in 
40 CFR 86.113-04(a)(1), as long as this test fuel is used in fuel 
economy testing for all applicable duty cycles specified in 40 CFR part 
86, subpart S. If a vehicle fails to meet a Tier 3 emission standard 
using the E0 gasoline test fuel specified in 40 CFR 86.113-04(a)(1), 
the manufacturer must retest the vehicle using the Tier 3 test fuel 
specified in 40 CFR 1065.710(b) (or the equivalent LEV III test fuel 
for California) to demonstrate compliance with all applicable emission 
standards over that test cycle.
    (c) If a manufacturer demonstrates compliance with emission 
standards for criteria pollutants over all five test cycles using the 
Tier 3 test fuel specified in 40 CFR 1065.710(b) (or the equivalent LEV 
III test fuel for California), the manufacturer may use test data with 
the same test fuel to determine whether a test group meets the criteria 
described in Sec.  600.115 for derived 5-cycle testing for fuel economy 
labeling. Such vehicles may be tested over the FTP and HFET cycles with 
the E0 gasoline test fuel specified in 40 CFR 86.113-04(a)(1) under 
this paragraph (c); the vehicles must meet the Tier 3 emission 
standards over those test cycles as described in paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (d) Manufacturers may perform testing with the appropriate gasoline 
test fuels specified in 40 CFR 86.113-04(a)(1), 40 CFR 86.213(a)(2), 
and in 40 CFR 1065.710(b) to evaluate whether their vehicles meet the 
criteria for derived 5-cycle testing under 40 CFR 600.115. All five 
tests must use test fuel with the same nominal ethanol concentration.
* * * * *

PART 1037--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW HEAVY-DUTY MOTOR VEHICLES

0
76. The authority citation for part 1037 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart B--Emission Standards and Related Requirements

0
77. Section 1037.103 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(6) and (f) 
to read as follows:

Sec.  1037.103  Evaporative and refueling emission standards.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (6) Vehicles not yet subject to the Tier 3 standards in 40 CFR 
86.1813 must meet evaporative emission standards as specified in 
Sec. Sec.  86.008-10(b)(1) and (2) for Otto-cycle applications and 
86.007-11(b)(3)(ii) and (b)(4)(ii) for diesel-cycle applications.
* * * * *
    (f) Useful life. Your vehicles must meet the evaporative emission 
standards of this section throughout their useful life, expressed in 
service miles or calendar years, whichever comes first. The useful life 
values for the standards of this section are described in 40 CFR 
86.1805.
* * * * *

0
78. Section 1037.104 is amended by revising paragraph (e) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1037.104  Exhaust emission standards for CO2, 
CH4, and N2O for heavy-duty vehicles at or below 
14,000 pounds GVWR.

* * * * *
    (e) Useful life. Your vehicles must meet the exhaust emission 
standards of this section throughout their full useful life, expressed 
in service miles or calendar years, whichever comes first. The useful 
life values for the standards of this section are those that apply to 
model year 2014 vehicles for criteria pollutants under 40 CFR part 
86.1805-12.
* * * * *

0
79. Section 1037.135 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(9) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1037.135  Labeling.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (9) If you rely on another company to design and install fuel tanks 
in incomplete vehicles that use an evaporative canister for controlling 
diurnal emissions, include the following statement: ``THIS VEHICLE IS 
DESIGNED TO COMPLY WITH EVAPORATIVE EMISSION STANDARDS WITH UP TO x 
GALLONS OF FUEL TANK CAPACITY.'' Complete this statement by identifying 
the maximum specified fuel tank capacity associated with your 
certification.
* * * * *

PART 1043--CONTROL OF NOX, SOX, AND PM 
EMISSIONS FROM MARINE ENGINES AND VESSELS SUBJECT TO THE MARPOL 
PROTOCOL

0
80. The authority citation for part 1043 is revised to read as follows:

[[Page 9112]]

    Authority:  33 U.S.C. 1901-1912.

Sec.  1043.5  [Amended]

0
81. Section 1043.5 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph (b).

0
82. Section 1043.10 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(2) 
introductory text, (a)(2)(iii), and (b)(2) to read as follows:

Sec.  1043.10  Applicability.

    (a) * * *
    (2) Vessels that operate only domestically and conform to the 
requirements of this paragraph (a)(2) are excluded from Regulation 13 
of Annex VI and the NOX-related requirements of this part 
(including the requirement to obtain an EIAPP certificate and to keep a 
Technical File and an Engine Book of Record Parameters). For the 
purpose of this exclusion, the phrase ``operate only domestically'' 
means the vessels do not enter waters subject to the jurisdiction or 
control of any foreign country, except for Canadian portions of the 
Great Lakes. (See Sec. Sec.  1043.60 and 1043.70 for provisions related 
to fuel use by such vessels). To be excluded, the vessel must conform 
to each of the following provisions:
* * * * *
    (iii) Any engine installed in the vessel that is not covered by an 
EIAPP certificate must be labeled as specified in 40 CFR 1042.135 with 
respect to whether it meets the requirements of Regulation 13 of Annex 
VI.
    (b) * * *
    (2) For non-public vessels flagged by a country that is not a party 
to Annex VI, the requirements of this part apply in the same manner as 
apply for Party vessels, except as otherwise provided in this part. For 
example, see Sec.  1043.30(c)(4) for provisions related to showing 
compliance with this requirement without an EIAPP certificate. See 
Sec.  1043.60 for specific operating requirements.
* * * * *

0
83. Section 1043.20 is amended by revising the definitions for ``2008 
Annex VI'', ``Emission control area (ECA)'', and ``Public vessels'' to 
read as follows:

Sec.  1043.20  Definitions.

* * * * *
    2008 Annex VI means Annex VI to the MARPOL Protocol, including the 
amendments from Annex 12, adopted through April 2014 (incorporated by 
reference in Sec.  1043.100). This version of Annex VI does not include 
any amendments that may be adopted in the future. This 2008 version 
applies for certain provisions of this part such as those applicable 
for internal waters and for non-Party vessels.
* * * * *
    Emission control area (ECA) means an area designated pursuant to 
Annex VI as an Emission Control Area that is in force.
* * * * *
    Public vessels means warships, naval auxiliary vessels, and other 
vessels owned or operated by a sovereign country when engaged in 
noncommercial service. Vessels with a national security exemption under 
40 CFR 80.606 or 1042.635 are deemed to be public vessels.
* * * * *

0
84. Section 1043.40 is amended by redesignating paragraphs (d) through 
(f) as paragraphs (e) through (g), adding a new paragraph (d), and 
revising the newly redesignated paragraph (g) to read as follows:

Sec.  1043.40  EIAPP certificates.

* * * * *
    (d) EPA may issue both an EPA certificate and an EIAPP certificate 
for the same engine, as long as the manufacturer and the engine meet 
all applicable requirements. EPA may not issue an EIAPP certificate if 
the engine is certified with an FEL under 40 CFR part 1042 that is 
higher than the applicable NOX emission standard under Annex 
VI.
* * * * *
    (g) This paragraph (g) applies for engines that were originally 
excluded from this part because they were intended for domestic use and 
were introduced into U.S. commerce without an EIAPP certificate. Note 
that such engines must be labeled as specified under 40 CFR 1042.135 to 
indicate that they are intended for domestic use. Such engines may be 
installed on vessels not intended only for domestic operation provided 
the engine manufacturer, vessel manufacturer, or vessel owner obtains 
an EIAPP certificate. Similarly, vessels originally intended only for 
domestic operation may be used internationally provided the engine 
manufacturer, vessel manufacturer, or vessel owner obtains an EIAPP 
certificate. The limitations for engine manufacturers described in 
paragraphs (a) and (d) of this section also apply for all EIAPP 
certificates issued under this paragraph (g). In either case, the 
Technical File must specify that the engine was originally certified 
for domestic use only, prior to being covered by an EIAPP certificate. 
Engine manufacturers may provide a supplemental label to clarify that 
the engine is no longer limited to domestic service. An engine 
manufacturer, vessel manufacturer, or vessel owner may also ask to 
apply the provisions of this paragraph (g) to engines originally 
certified for public vessels.

0
85. Section 1043.60 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (b) to 
read as follows:

Sec.  1043.60  Operating requirements for engines and vessels subject 
to this part.

* * * * *
    (a) Except as specified otherwise in this part, NOX 
emission limits apply to all vessels subject to this part as specified 
in the following table:

                       Table 1 to Sec.   1043.60 Annex VI NOX Emission Standards (g/kW-hr)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                            Maximum in-use engine speed
                              Area of        Implementation date -----------------------------------------------
         Tier              applicability             \a\           Less than 130   130-2000 RPM
                                                                        RPM             \b\        Over 2000 RPM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tier I...............  All U.S. navigable    January 1, 2004-               17.0   45.0 [middot]             9.8
                        waters and EEZ.       December 31, 2010.                       n (-0.20)
Tier II..............  All U.S. navigable    January 1, 2011-               14.4   44.0 [middot]             7.7
                        waters and EEZ.       December 31, 2015.                       n (-0.23)
Tier II..............  All U.S. navigable    January 1, 2016 and            14.4   44.0 [middot]             7.7
                        waters and EEZ,       later.                                   n (-0.23)
                        exluding ECA and
                        ECA associated
                        areas.
Tier III.............  ECA and ECA           January 1, 2016 and             3.4  9.0 [middot] n             2.0
                        associated areas.     later c.                                   (-0.20)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Standards apply for engines installed on vessels with a build date in the specified time frame, or for
  engines that undergo a major conversion in the specified time frame.

[[Page 9113]]

 
\b\ Applicable standards are calculated from n (maximum in-use engine speed, in RPM, as specified in Sec.
  1042.140). Round the standards to one decimal place.
\c\ In the case of recreational vessels of less than 500 gross tonnage with length at or above 24 meters, the
  Tier III standards start to apply January 1, 2021.

    (b) Except as specified otherwise in this part, fuel sulfur limits 
apply to all vessels subject to this part as specified in the following 
table:

    Table 2 to Sec.   1043.60 Annex VI Fuel Sulfur Limits (wt %) \a\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Sulfur limit in    Sulfur limit in
                                         all U.S.         ECA and ECA
          Calendar years             navigable waters   associated areas
                                    and EEZ (percent)      (percent)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2010-2011.........................               4.50               1.00
2012-2014.........................               3.50               1.00
2015-2019.........................               3.50               0.10
2020 and later....................               0.50               0.10
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Note that Regulation 3 and Regulation 4 of Annex VI allow for the
  use of noncompliant fuel in certain circumstances.

* * * * *

0
86. Section 1043.70 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1043.70  General recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

    (a) Under APPS, owners and operators of Party vessels must keep 
records related to NOX standards and in-use fuel 
specifications such as the Technical File, the Engine Book of Record 
Parameters, and bunker delivery notes. Owners and operators of non-
Party vessels must keep these records as specified in the 
NOX Technical Code and Regulations 13, 14, and 18 of 2008 
Annex VI (incorporated by reference in Sec.  1043.100). We may inspect 
these records as allowed by APPS. As part of our inspection, we may 
require that the owner submit copies of these records to us.
* * * * *

0
87. Section 1043.80 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(9) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1043.80  Recordkeeping and reporting requirements for fuel 
suppliers.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (9) A signed statement by an authorized representative of the fuel 
supplier certifying that the fuel supplied conforms to Regulations 14 
and 18 of Annex VI consistent with its designation, intended use, and 
the date on which it is to be used. For example, with respect to 
conformity to Regulation 14 of Annex VI, a fuel designated and intended 
for use in an ECA any time on or after January 1, 2015 may not have a 
sulfur content above 0.10 weight percent. This statement is not 
required if the vessel is not subject to fuel standards of Regulation 
14 of Annex VI. The statement described in this paragraph (b)(9) is 
deemed to be a submission to EPA.
* * * * *

0
88. Section 1043.95 is amended by revising the section heading, the 
introductory text, and paragraph (b)(1)(ii) to read as follows:

Sec.  1043.95  Great Lakes provisions.

    The provisions of this section apply for vessels operating 
exclusively in the Great Lakes.
* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) We may approve the use of an engine meeting less stringent 
standards if the owner can demonstrate that it took possession of the 
engine before October 30, 2009, and that engine is a new engine that 
has not been installed in a non-marine application. Such an engine must 
at a minimum be certified to the Annex VI NOX emission 
standard referenced in Sec.  1043.60 that applies based on its build 
date.
* * * * *

0
89. Add Sec.  1043.97 to read as follows:

Sec.  1043.97  Interim provisions.

    (a) The fuel-related requirements under APPS for operation in the 
North American ECA, the United States Caribbean Sea ECA, and ECA-
associated areas do not apply until January 1, 2020 for steamships 
built on or before August 1, 2011 if they are powered by propulsion 
boilers that were not originally designed for continued operation on 
marine distillate fuel or natural gas.
    (b) [Reserved]

0
90. Section 1043.100 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1043.100  Reference materials.

* * * * *
    (a) IMO material. This paragraph (a) lists material from the 
International Maritime Organization that we have incorporated by 
reference. Anyone may purchase copies of these materials from the 
International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 
7SR, United Kingdom, or www.imo.org, or 44-(0)20-7735-7611.
    (1) MARPOL Annex VI, Regulations for the Prevention of Air 
Pollution from Ships, Third Edition, 2013, and NOX Technical 
Code 2008.
    (i) Revised MARPOL Annex VI, Regulations for the Prevention of 
Pollution from Ships, Third Edition, 2013 (``2008 Annex VI''); IBR 
approved for Sec.  1043.1 introductory text, 1043.20, 1043.30(f), 
1043.60(c), and 1043.70(a).
    (ii) NOX Technical Code 2008, Technical Code on Control 
of Emission of Nitrogen Oxides from Marine Diesel Engines, 2013 
Edition, (``NOX Technical Code''); IBR approved for 
Sec. Sec.  1043.20, 1043.41(b) and (h), and 1043.70(a).
    (iii) Annex 12, Resolution MEPC.251(66) from the Report of the 
Marine Environment Protection Committee on its Sixty-Sixth Sesson, 
April 25, 2014. This document describes new and revised provisions that 
are considered to be part of Annex VI and NOX Technical Code 
2008 as referenced in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section. 
IBR approved for Sec.  1043.1 introductory text, 1043.20, 1043.30(f), 
1043.41(b) and (h), 1043.60(c), and 1043.70(a).
    (2) [Reserved]
* * * * *

PART 1051--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND 
VEHICLES

0
91. The authority citation for part 1051 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

[[Page 9114]]

Subpart F--Test Procedures

0
92. Section 1051.501 is amended by revising paragraph (b) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1051.501  What procedures must I use to test my vehicles or 
engines?

* * * * *
    (b) Motorcycles and ATVs. For motorcycles and ATVs, use the 
equipment, procedures, and duty cycle in 40 CFR part 86, subpart F, to 
determine whether your vehicles meet the exhaust emission standards in 
Sec.  1051.105 or Sec.  1051.107. Measure the emissions of all the 
pollutants we regulate in Sec.  1051.105 or Sec.  1051.107. Measure 
CO2, N2O, and CH4 as described in 
Sec.  1051.235. If we allow you to certify ATVs based on engine 
testing, use the equipment, procedures, and duty cycle described or 
referenced in the section that allows engine testing. For motorcycles 
with engine displacement at or below 169 cc and all ATVs, use the 
driving schedule in paragraph (b) of appendix I to 40 CFR part 86. For 
all other motorcycles, use the driving schedule in paragraph (a) of 
Appendix I to part 86. With respect to vehicle-speed governors, test 
motorcycles and ATVs in their ungoverned configuration, unless we 
approve in advance testing in a governed configuration. We will only 
approve testing in a governed configuration if you can show that the 
governor is permanently installed on all production vehicles and is 
unlikely to be removed in use. With respect to engine-speed governors, 
test motorcycles and ATVs in their governed configuration. Run the test 
engine, with all emission-control systems operating, long enough to 
stabilize emission levels; you may consider emission levels stable 
without measurement if you accumulate 12 hours of operation.
* * * * *

PART 1054--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW, SMALL NONROAD SPARK-
IGNITION ENGINES AND EQUIPMENT

0
93. The authority citation for part 1054 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart B--Emission Standards and Related Requirements

0
94. Section 1054.135 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(8) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1054.135  How must I label and identify the engines I produce?

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (8) Include one of the following statements:
    (i) If you are an integrated equipment manufacturer certifying 
engines with respect to exhaust emissions and meeting all applicable 
evaporative emission requirements under 40 CFR part 1060, state--
    ``THIS ENGINE MEETS U.S. EPA EXH/EVP REGS FOR [MODEL YEAR].''
    (ii) In all other cases, state--
    ``THIS ENGINE MEETS U.S. EPA EXH REGS FOR [MODEL YEAR].''
* * * * *

0
95. Section 1054.145 is amended by revising paragraph (n) introductory 
text and removing paragraph (o) to read as follows:

Sec.  1054.145  Are there interim provisions that apply only for a 
limited time?

* * * * *
    (n) California test fuel. You may perform testing with a fuel 
meeting the requirements for certifying the engine in California 
instead of the fuel specified in Sec.  1054.501(b)(2), as follows:
* * * * *

Subpart F--Test Procedures

0
96. Section 1054.501 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(2) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1054.501  How do I run a valid emission test?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) Use the appropriate fuels and lubricants specified in 40 CFR 
part 1065, subpart H, for all the testing we require in this part. 
Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, use gasoline 
specified for general testing. For service accumulation, use the test 
fuel or any commercially available fuel that is representative of the 
fuel that in-use engines will use. Note that Sec.  1054.145(n) allows 
for testing with gasoline test fuels specified by the California Air 
Resources Board for any individual engine family.
* * * * *

Subpart G--Special Compliance Provisions

0
97. Section 1054.690 is amended by adding the introductory text and 
revising paragraphs (a) through (f) to read as follows:

Sec.  1054.690  What bond requirements apply for certified engines?

    This section generally applies for certifying engine manufacturers. 
It also applies to importers that do not certify engines as described 
in paragraph (j) of this section.
    (a) Before introducing certified engines into U.S. commerce, you 
must post a bond to cover any potential compliance or enforcement 
actions under the Clean Air Act with respect to engines certified under 
this part unless you demonstrate to us in your application for 
certification that you are able to meet any potential compliance- or 
enforcement-related obligations, as described in this section. Note 
that you might also need to post bond under this section to meet your 
obligations under Sec.  1054.120(f).
    (b) The bonding requirements apply if you do not have long-term 
assets in the United States meeting any of the following thresholds:
    (1) A threshold of $3 million applies if you have been a 
certificate holder in each of the preceding ten years without failing a 
test conducted by EPA officials or having been found by EPA to be 
noncompliant under applicable regulations.
    (2) A threshold of $6 million applies if you are a secondary engine 
manufacturer.
    (3) A threshold of $10 million applies if you do not qualify for 
the smaller bond thresholds in paragraph (b)(1) or (2) of this section.
    (c) For the purpose of establishing your level of long-term assets 
under paragraph (b) of this section, include the values from your most 
recent balance sheet for buildings, land, and fixed equipment, but 
subtract depreciation and related long-term liabilities (such as a 
mortgage). If you have sufficient long-term assets to avoid bond 
payments under this section, you must identify the location of these 
assets in your application for certification.
    (d) Determine the value of the bond as follows:
    (1) Calculate a value based on the per-engine bond values shown in 
Table 1 to this section and on the projected U.S.-directed production 
volume from each displacement grouping for the model year. For example, 
if you have projected U.S.-directed production volumes of 10,000 
engines with 180 cc displacement and 10,000 engines with 400 cc 
displacement in 2013, the calculated bond amount is $750,000. If the 
calculated value is less than $500,000, the appropriate bond amount is 
$500,000. If the calculated value exceeds the applicable threshold 
value specified in paragraph (b) of this section, use the applicable 
threshold value as the appropriate value of the bond. These values may 
be adjusted as described in paragraphs (d)(2) through (4) of this 
section. You may generally change your projected U.S.-directed 
production volume under Sec.  1054.225

[[Page 9115]]

during the model year; however, you may not decrease your bond based on 
new projected U.S.-directed production volumes once you have imported 
or otherwise introduced into U.S. commerce your first engine from that 
model year.

           Table 1 to Sec.   1054.690--Per-Engine Bond Values
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             The per-
For engines with  displacement falling in the  following    engine bond
                      ranges . . .                        value is . . .
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disp. < 225 cc..........................................             $25
225 <= Disp. < 740 cc...................................              50
740 <= Disp. <= 1,000 cc................................             100
Disp. > 1,000 cc........................................             200
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) If your estimated or actual U.S.-directed production volume 
increases beyond the level appropriate for your current bond payment, 
you must post additional bond to reflect the increased volume within 90 
days after you change your estimate or determine the actual production 
volume. You may not decrease your bond in a given year, but you may 
calculate a lower bond value in a later year based on the highest 
actual U.S.-directed production volumes from the preceding three years.
    (3) If you sell engines without aftertreatment components under the 
provisions of Sec.  1054.610, you must increase the per-engine bond 
values for the current year by 20 percent.
    (4) The minimum bond value is $25,000 instead of $500,000 if you 
are a small-volume engine manufacturer or a small-volume equipment 
manufacturer that has been a certificate holder in each of the 
preceding five years without failing a test conducted by EPA officials 
or having been found by EPA to be noncompliant under applicable 
regulations.
    (e) The threshold identified in paragraph (b) of this section and 
the bond values identified in paragraph (d) of this section are in 2008 
dollars. We will adjust these values for 2020 and later, and every 10 
years after that, by considering the current Consumer Price Index 
values published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics relative to 2008. We 
will generally round values for thresholds and total bond obligations 
as follows:
    (1) Round calculated values at or below $125,000 to the nearest 
$5,000.
    (2) Round calculated values above $125,000 and at or below $2.25 
million to the nearest $50,000.
    (3) Round calculated values above $2.25 million to the nearest 
$500,000.
    (f) If you are required to post a bond under this section, you must 
get the bond from a third-party surety that is cited in the U.S. 
Department of Treasury Circular 570, ``Companies Holding Certificates 
of Authority as Acceptable Sureties on Federal Bonds and as Acceptable 
Reinsuring Companies'' (http://www.fms.treas.gov/c570/c570.html#certified). You must maintain this bond for every year in 
which you sell certified engines. The surety agent remains responsible 
for obligations under the bond for two years after the bond is 
cancelled or expires without being replaced.
* * * * *

PART 1060--CONTROL OF EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE 
NONROAD AND STATIONARY EQUIPMENT

0
98. The authority citation for part 1060 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart A--Overview and Applicability

0
99. Section 1060.5 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(2), (e), and 
(f), including Tables 1 through 3, to read as follows:

Sec.  1060.5  Do the requirements of this part apply to me?

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) Vessel manufacturers are subject to all the requirements of 
this part 1060 that apply to Marine SI engines and fuel systems. 
However, they must certify to the emission standards specified in 
Sec. Sec.  1060.102 through 1060.105 only if one or more of the 
following conditions apply:
    (i) Vessel manufacturers must certify fuel system components they 
install in their vessels if the components are not certified to meet 
all applicable evaporative emission standards, including both 
permeation and diurnal standards. This would include vessel 
manufacturers that make their own fuel tanks. Vessel manufacturers 
would need to act as component manufacturers to certify under this part 
1060.
    (ii) Vessel manufacturers must certify their vessels only if they 
intend to generate or use evaporative emission credits. Vessel 
manufacturers would certify under part 40 CFR part 1045 using the 
emission-credit provisions in subpart H of that part to demonstrate 
compliance with the emission standard.
* * * * *
    (e) Small SI. Certify engines, equipment, and fuel-system 
components as follows:
    (1) Component manufacturers must certify their fuel lines and fuel 
tanks intended for Small SI engines and equipment under this part 1060, 
except as allowed by Sec.  1060.601(f).
    (2) Equipment manufacturers must certify fuel system components 
they install in their equipment if the components are not certified to 
meet applicable evaporative emission standards. Equipment manufacturers 
would need to act as component manufacturers to certify fuel-system 
components under this part 1060.
    (3) Engine manufacturers must meet all the requirements of this 
part 1060 that apply to equipment manufacturers for all fuel-system 
components they install on their engines. Engine manufacturers that 
produce Small SI engines with complete fuel systems are considered the 
equipment manufacturers for those engines under this part 1060.
    (4) Equipment manufacturers must certify their equipment and are 
subject to all the requirements of this part 1060; however, this does 
not apply for equipment using portable nonroad fuel tanks.
    (f) Summary of certification responsibilities. Tables 1 through 3 
of this section summarize the certification responsibilities for 
different kinds of manufacturers as described in paragraphs (b) through 
(e) of this section. The term ``No'' as used in the tables means that a 
manufacturer is not required to obtain a certificate of conformity 
under paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section. In situations where 
multiple manufacturers are subject to the standards and other 
requirements of this part, such a manufacturer must nevertheless 
certify if the manufacturer who is required to certify under paragraphs 
(b) through (e) of this section fails to obtain a certificate of 
conformity.

[[Page 9116]]

       Table 1 to Sec.   1060.5--Summary of Engine Manufacturer Evaporative Certification Responsibilities
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Is the engine manufacturer
                                              required to certify for      Code of Federal  Regulations Cite for
             Equipment type               evaporative emission standards?               Certification
                                                        \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine SI...............................  No.............................
Large SI................................  Yes............................  40 CFR part 1048.
Recreational vehicles...................  No.............................
Small SI................................  No, unless engines are sold      40 CFR part 1060.
                                           with complete fuel systems.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Fuel lines and fuel tanks that are attached to or sold with engines must be covered by a certificate of
  conformity.

     Table 2 to Sec.   1060.5--Summary of Equipment Manufacturer Evaporative Certification Responsibilities
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Is the equipment manufacturer
             Equipment type                   required to certify for      Code of Federal  Regulations Cite for
                                          evaporative emission standards?               Certification
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine SI...............................  Yes, but only if vessel          40 CFR part 1060.\a\
                                           manufacturers install
                                           uncertified fuel lines or fuel
                                           tanks, or they intend to
                                           generate or use evaporative
                                           emission credits.
Large SI................................  Allowed but not required.......  40 CFR part 1060.
Recreational vehicles...................  Yes, even if vehicle             40 CFR part 1051.
                                           manufacturers install
                                           certified components.
Small SI................................  Yes, unless the equipment uses   40 CFR part 1060.\a\
                                           portable nonroad fuel tanks.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ See the exhaust standard-setting part for provisions related to generating or using evaporative emission
  credits.

           Table 3 of Sec.   1060.5--Summary of Component Manufacturer Certification Responsibilities
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Is the component manufacturer
             Equipment type                required to certify fuel lines  Code of Federal  Regulations Cite for
                                                  and fuel tanks?                       Certification
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marine SI...............................  Yes, including portable marine   40 CFR part 1060.
                                           fuel tanks and associated fuel
                                           lines \a\.
Large SI................................  Allowed but not required.......  40 CFR part 1060.
Recreational vehicles...................  Allowed but not required.......  40 CFR part 1060.
Small SI................................  Yes \a\........................  40 CFR part 1060.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ See Sec.   1060.601 for an allowance to make contractual arrangements with engine or equipment manufacturers
  instead of certifying.

Subpart F--Test Procedures

0
100. Section 1060.515 is amended by revising paragraphs (c) and (d) and 
adding paragraph (e) to read as follows:

Sec.  1060.515  How do I test EPA Nonroad Fuel Lines and EPA Cold-
Weather Fuel Lines for permeation emissions?

* * * * *
    (c) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, measure 
fuel line permeation emissions using the equipment and procedures for 
weight-loss testing specified in SAE J30 or SAE J1527 (incorporated by 
reference in Sec.  1060.810). Start the measurement procedure within 8 
hours after draining and refilling the fuel line. Perform the emission 
test over a sampling period of 14 days. You may omit up to two daily 
measurements in any seven day period. Determine your final emission 
result based on the average of measured values over the 14-day period. 
Maintain an ambient temperature of 232 [deg]C throughout 
the sampling period.
    (d) For fuel lines with a nominal inner diameter below 5.0 mm, you 
may alternatively measure fuel line permeation emissions using the 
equipment and procedures for weight-loss testing specified in SAE J2996 
(incorporated by reference in Sec.  1060.810). Determine your final 
emission result based on the average of measured values over the 14-day 
sampling period. Maintain an ambient temperature of 232 
[deg]C throughout the sampling period.
    (e) Use good engineering judgment to test short fuel line segments. 
For example, you may need to join individual fuel line segments using 
proper connection fittings to achieve enough length and surface area 
for a proper measurement. Size the fuel reservoir appropriately for the 
tested fuel line.

0
101. Section 1060.520 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(1), (c)(1), 
and (d)(9) to read as follows:

Sec.  1060.520  How do I test fuel tanks for permeation emissions?

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (1) Pressure cycling. Perform a pressure test by sealing the tank 
and cycling it between +13.8 and -3.4 kPa (+2.0 and -0.5 psig) for 
10,000 cycles at a rate of 60 seconds per cycle. The purpose of this 
test is to represent environmental wall stresses caused by pressure 
changes and other factors (such as vibration or thermal expansion). If 
your tank cannot be tested using the pressure cycles specified by this 
paragraph (a)(1), you may ask to use special test procedures under 
Sec.  1060.505.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) Obtain a second tank whose total volume is within 5 percent of 
the test tank's volume. You may not use a tank that has previously 
contained fuel or any other contents that might affect its mass 
stability.
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (9) Record the difference in mass between the reference tank and 
the test tank for each measurement. This value is Mi, where 
i is a counter representing the number of days elapsed. Subtract 
Mi from Mo and divide the difference by the 
internal surface area of the fuel tank. Divide this g/m\2\ value by the 
number of test days (using at least two decimal places) to calculate 
the emission rate in g/m\2\/day. Example: If a tank with an internal 
surface area of 0.720 m\2\ weighed 1.31 grams less than the reference 
tank at the beginning of the test and weighed 9.86 grams less than

[[Page 9117]]

the reference tank after soaking for 10.03 days, the emission rate 
would be--

((-1.31 g)-(-9.86 g))/0.720 m\2\/10.03 days = 1.1839 g/m\2\/day
* * * * *

0
102. Section 1060.525 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1060.525  How do I test fuel systems for diurnal emissions?

    Use the procedures of this section to determine whether your fuel 
tanks meet diurnal emission standards as specified in Sec.  1060.105.
    (a) Use the following procedure to measure diurnal emissions:
    (1) Diurnal measurements are based on representative temperature 
cycles, as follows:
    (i) Diurnal fuel temperatures for marine fuel tanks that will be 
installed in nontrailerable boats must undergo repeat temperature 
swings of 2.6 [deg]C between nominal values of 27.6 and 30.2 [deg]C.
    (ii) Diurnal fuel temperatures for other installed marine fuel 
tanks must undergo repeat temperature swings of 6.6 [deg]C between 
nominal values of 25.6 and 32.2 [deg]C.
    (iii) For fuel tanks installed in equipment other than marine 
vessels, the following table specifies a profile of ambient 
temperatures:

 Table 1 to Sec.   1060.525--Diurnal Temperature Profiles for Nonmarine
                               Fuel Tanks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Ambient
                                                            temperature
                      Time  (hours)                           profile
                                                             ([deg]C)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.......................................................            22.2
1.......................................................            22.5
2.......................................................            24.2
3.......................................................            26.8
4.......................................................            29.6
5.......................................................            31.9
6.......................................................            33.9
7.......................................................            35.1
8.......................................................            35.4
9.......................................................            35.6
10......................................................            35.3
11......................................................            34.5
12......................................................            33.2
13......................................................            31.4
14......................................................            29.7
15......................................................            28.2
16......................................................            27.2
17......................................................            26.1
18......................................................            25.1
19......................................................            24.3
20......................................................            23.7
21......................................................            23.3
22......................................................            22.9
23......................................................            22.6
24......................................................            22.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Fill the fuel tank to 40 percent of nominal capacity with the 
gasoline specified in 40 CFR 1065.710 for general testing.
    (3) Install a vapor line from any vent ports that would not be 
sealed in the final in-use configuration. Use a length of vapor line 
representing the largest inside diameter and shortest length that would 
be expected with the range of in-use installations for the emission 
family.
    (4) If the fuel tank is equipped with a carbon canister, load the 
canister with butane or gasoline vapors to its canister working 
capacity as specified in Sec.  1060.240(e)(2)(i) and attach it to the 
fuel tank in a way that represents a typical in-use configuration. 
Purge the canister as follows to prepare for emission measurement:
    (i) For marine fuel tanks, perform a single heating and cooling 
cycle as specified in paragraph (a)(7) of this section without 
measuring emissions.
    (ii) For nonmarine fuel tanks, establish a characteristic purge 
volume by running an engine with the fuel tank installed to represent 
an in-use configuration. Measure the volume of air flowing through the 
canister while the engine operates for 30 minutes over repeat cycles of 
the appropriate duty cycle used for certifying the engine for exhaust 
emissions. Set up the loaded canister for testing by purging it with 
the characteristic purge volume from the engine simulation run.
    (5) Stabilize the fuel tank to be within 2.0 [deg]C of the nominal 
starting temperature specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. In 
the case of marine fuel tanks, install a thermocouple meeting the 
requirements of 40 CFR 86.107-96(e) in the approximate mid-volume of 
fuel and record the temperature at the end of the stabilization period 
to the nearest 0.1 [deg]C. For sealed fuel systems, replace the fuel 
cap once the fuel reaches equilibrium at the appropriate starting 
temperature.
    (6) Prepare the tank for mass measurement using one of the 
following procedures:
    (i) Place the stabilized fuel tank in a SHED meeting the 
specifications of 40 CFR 86.107-96(a)(1) that is equipped with a FID 
analyzer meeting the specifications of 40 CFR 1065.260. Take the 
following steps in sequence:
    (A) Purge the SHED.
    (B) Close and seal the SHED.
    (C) Zero and span the FID analyzer.
    (D) Within ten minutes of sealing the SHED, measure the initial 
hydrocarbon concentration. This is the start of the sampling period.
    (ii) If your testing configuration involves mass emissions at the 
standard of 2.0 grams or more, you may alternatively place the 
stabilized fuel tank in any temperature-controlled environment and 
establish mass emissions as a weight loss relative to a reference fuel 
tank using the procedure specified in Sec.  1060.520(d) instead of 
calculating it from changing hydrocarbon concentrations in the SHED.
    (7) Control temperatures as follows:
    (i) For marine fuel tanks, supply heat to the fuel tank for 
continuously increasing temperatures such that the fuel reaches the 
maximum temperature in 8 hours. Set the target temperature by adding 
the temperature swing specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section to 
the recorded starting temperature. Hold the tank for approximately 60 
minutes at a temperature no less than 0.1 [deg]C below the target 
temperature. For example, if the recorded starting fuel temperature for 
a fuel tank that will be installed in a nontrailerable vessel is 27.1 
[deg]C, the target temperature is 29.7 [deg]C and the fuel must be 
stabilized for 60 minutes with fuel temperatures not falling below 29.6 
[deg]C. For EPA testing, fuel temperatures may not go 1.0 [deg]C above 
the target temperature at any point during the heating or stabilization 
sequence. Measure the hydrocarbon concentration in the SHED at the end 
of the high-temperature stabilization period. Calculate the diurnal 
emissions for this heating period based on the change in hydrocarbon 
concentration over this sampling period. Allow the fuel temperature to 
cool sufficiently to stabilize again at the starting temperature 
without emission sampling. Repeat the heating and measurement sequence 
for three consecutive days, starting each heating cycle no more than 26 
hours after the previous start.
    (ii) For nonmarine fuel tanks, follow the air temperature trace 
from paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section for three consecutive 24-
hour periods. Measured temperatures must follow the profile with a 
maximum deviation of 1.7 [deg]C for any hourly measurement and an 
average temperature deviation not to exceed 1.0 [deg]C, where the 
average deviation is calculated using the absolute value of each 
measured deviation. Start measuring emissions when you start the 
temperature profile. The end of the first, second, and third emission 
sampling periods must occur 14406, 28806, and 
43206 minutes, respectively, after starting the measurement 
procedure.
    (8) Use the highest of the three emission levels to determine 
whether your fuel tank meets the diurnal emission standard.
    (9) For emission control technologies that rely on a sealed fuel 
system, you may omit the preconditioning steps in paragraph (a)(4) of 
this section and the last two 24-hour periods of emission

[[Page 9118]]

measurements in paragraph (a)(7) of this section. For purposes of this 
paragraph (a), sealed fuel systems include those that rely on pressure-
relief valves, limiting flow orifices, bladder fuel tanks, and volume-
compensating air bags.
    (b) You may subtract your fuel tank's permeation emissions from the 
measured diurnal emissions if the fuel tank is preconditioned with 
diurnal test fuel as described in Sec.  1060.520(b) or if you use good 
engineering judgment to otherwise establish that the fuel tank has 
stabilized permeation emissions. Measure permeation emissions for 
subtraction as specified in Sec.  1060.520(c) and (d) before measuring 
diurnal emissions, except that the permeation measurement must be done 
with diurnal test fuel at 282 [deg]C. Use appropriate units 
and corrections to subtract the permeation emissions from the fuel tank 
during the diurnal emission test. You may not subtract a greater mass 
of emissions under this paragraph (b) than the fuel tank would emit 
based on meeting the applicable emission standard for permeation.

0
103. Section 1060.810 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1060.810  What materials does this part reference?

    (a) Materials incorporated by reference. Certain material is 
incorporated by reference into this part with the approval of the 
Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 
51. To enforce any edition other than that specified in this section, a 
document must be published in the Federal Register and the material 
must be available to the public. All approved material is available for 
inspection at U.S. EPA, Air and Radiation Docket and Information 
Center, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Room B102, EPA West Building, 
Washington, DC 20460, (202) 202-1744, and is available from the sources 
listed below. It is also available for inspection at the National 
Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the 
availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to 
http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
    (b) ASTM International material. The following standards are 
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 
C700, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959, (610) 832-9585, or http://www.astm.org/:
    (1) ASTM D471-06, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property--Effect 
of Liquids, approved October 1, 2006 (``ASTM D471''), IBR approved for 
Sec.  1060.515(a).
    (2) ASTM D2862-97 (Reapproved 2004), Standard Test Method for 
Particle Size Distribution of Granular Activated Carbon, approved April 
1, 2004 (``ASTM D2862''), IBR approved for Sec.  1060.240(e).
    (3) ASTM D3802-79 (Reapproved 2005), Standard Test Method for Ball-
Pan Hardness of Activated Carbon, approved October 1, 2005 (``ASTM 
D3802''), IBR approved for Sec.  1060.240(e).
    (4) ASTM D4806-07, Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel 
Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-
Ignition Engine Fuel, approved July 15, 2007 (``ASTM D4806''), IBR 
approved for Sec.  1060.501(c).
    (5) ASTM D5228-92 (Reapproved 2005), Standard Test Method for 
Determination of Butane Working Capacity of Activated Carbon, approved 
October 1, 2005 (``ASTM D5228''), IBR approved for Sec.  1060.801.
    (c) SAE International material. The following standards are 
available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 
15096-0001, (877) 606-7323 (U.S. and Canada) or (724) 776-4970 (outside 
the U.S. and Canada), or http://www.sae.org:
    (1) SAE J30, Fuel and Oil Hoses, Revised June 1998, IBR approved 
for Sec.  1060.515(c).
    (2) SAE J1527, Marine Fuel Hoses, Revised February 1993, IBR 
approved for Sec.  1060.515(c).
    (3) SAE J2260, Nonmetallic Fuel System Tubing with One or More 
Layers, Revised November 2004, IBR approved for Sec.  1060.510.
    (4) SAE J2659, Test Method to Measure Fluid Permeation of Polymeric 
Materials by Speciation, Issued December 2003, IBR approved for Sec.  
1060.801.
    (5) SAE J2996, Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice, Small Diameter 
Fuel Line Permeation Test Procedure, Issued January 2013, IBR approved 
for Sec.  1060.515(d).
    (d) California Air Resources Board. The following documents are 
available from the California Air Resources Board, 1001 I Street, 
Sacramento, CA, 95812, (916) 322-2884, or http://www.arb.ca.gov:
    (1) Final Regulation Order, Article 1, Chapter 15, Division 3, 
Title 13, California Code of Regulations, July 26, 2004, IBR approved 
for Sec.  1060.105(e), and 1060.240(e).
    (2) [Reserved]
    (e) American Boat and Yacht Council Material. The following 
documents are available from the American Boat and Yacht Council, 613 
Third Street, Suite 10, Annapolis, MD 21403 or (410) 990-4460 or http://www.abycinc.org/:
    (1) ABYC H-25, Portable Marine Gasoline Fuel Systems, July 2010, 
IBR approved for Sec.  1060.105(f).
    (2) [Reserved]

PART 1065--ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES

0
104. The authority citation for part 1065 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart A--Applicability and General Provisions

0
105. Section 1065.10 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(6) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1065.10  Other procedures.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (6) During the 12 months following the effective date of any change 
in the provisions of this part 1065 (and 40 CFR part 1066 for vehicle 
testing), you may use data collected using procedures specified in the 
previously applicable version of this part 1065 (and 40 CFR part 1066 
for vehicle testing). This also applies for changes to test procedures 
specified in the standard-setting part to the extent that these changes 
do not correspond to new emission standards. This paragraph (c)(6) does 
not restrict the use of carryover certification data otherwise allowed 
by the standard-setting part.
* * * * *

Subpart E--Engine Selection, Preparation, and Maintenance

Sec.  1065.410  [Amended]

0
106. Section 1065.410 is amended by removing paragraph (e).

Subpart G--Calculations and Data Requirements

0
107. Section 1065.610 is amended by republishing paragraph (a)(1)(vi), 
adding paragraph (a)(1)(vii), and removing paragraph (a)(1)(viii) to 
read as follows:

Sec.  1065.610  Duty cycle generation.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (vi) Determine the lowest and highest engine speeds corresponding 
to the value calculated in paragraph (a)(1)(v) of this section, using 
linear interpolation as appropriate. Calculate fntest as the 
average of these two speed values.
    (vii) The following example illustrates a calculation of 
fntest:

[[Page 9119]]

    Pmax = 230.0

(fn1 = 2360, P1 = 222.5, fnnorm1 = 
1.002, Pnorm1 = 0.9675)
(fn2 = 2364, P2 = 226.8, fnnorm2 = 
1.004, Pnorm2 = 0.9859)
(fn3 = 2369, P3 = 228.6, fnnorm3 = 
1.006, Pnorm3 = 0.9940)
(fn4 = 2374, P4 = 218.7, fnnorm4 = 
1.008, Pnorm4 = 0.9508)
Sum of squares = (1.002\2\ + 0.9675\2\) = 1.94
Sum of squares = (1.004\2\ + 0.9859\2\) = 1.98
Sum of squares = (1.006\2\ + 0.9940\2\) = 2.00
Sum of squares = (1.008\2\ + 0.9508\2\) = 1.92

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.022

* * * * *

0
108. Section 1065.650 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(1)(i) to 
read as follows:

Sec.  1065.650  Emission calculations.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) Correct all gaseous emission analyzer concentration readings, 
including continuous readings, sample bag readings, and dilution air 
background readings, for drift as described in Sec.  1065.672. Note 
that you must omit this step where brake-specific emissions are 
calculated without the drift correction for performing the drift 
validation according to Sec.  1065.550(b). When applying the initial 
THC and CH4 contamination readings according to Sec.  
1065.520(f), use the same values for both sets of calculations. You may 
also use as-measured values in the initial set of calculations and 
corrected values in the drift-corrected set of calculations as 
described in Sec.  1065.520(f)(7).
* * * * *

Subpart H--Engine Fluids, Test Fuels, Analytical Gases and Other 
Calibration Standards

0
109. Section 1065.710 is amended by revising paragraph (c), including 
Table 2 to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.710  Gasoline.

* * * * *
    (c) The specifications of this paragraph (c) apply for testing with 
neat gasoline. This is sometimes called indolene or E0 test fuel. 
Gasoline for testing must have octane values that represent 
commercially available fuels for the appropriate application. Test fuel 
specifications apply as follows:

                   Table 2 of Sec.   1065.710--Test Fuel Specifications for Neat (E0) Gasoline
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Specification
                                                     ----------------------------------------      Reference
            Property                     Unit                               Low-temperature      procedure \1\
                                                        General testing         testing
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distillation Range:
    Evaporated initial boiling    [deg]C............  24-35\2\..........  24-36.............  ASTM D86
     point.
    10% evaporated..............  ..................  49-57.............  37-48.............
    50% evaporated..............  ..................  93-110............  82-101............
    90% evaporated..............  ..................  149-163...........  158-174...........
    Evaporated final boiling      ..................  Maximum, 213......  Maximum, 212......
     point.
Hydrocarbon composition:
    Olefins.....................  volume %..........  Maximum, 10.......  Maximum, 17.5.....  ASTM D1319
    Aromatics...................  ..................  Maximum, 35.......  Maximum, 30.4.....
    Saturates...................  ..................  Remainder.........  Remainder.........
Lead............................  g/liter...........  Maximum, 0.013....  Maximum, 0.013....  ASTM D3237
Phosphorous.....................  g/liter...........  Maximum, 0.0013...  Maximum, 0.005....  ASTM D3231
Total sulfur....................  mg/kg.............  Maximum, 80.......  Maximum, 80.......  ASTM D2622
Dry vapor pressure equivalent     kPa (psi).........  60.0-63.4 \2,4\     77.2-81.4 (11.2-    ASTM D5191
 \3\.                                                  (8.7-9.2).          11.8).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   1065.1010. See Sec.   1065.701(d) for other allowed
  procedures.
\2\ For testing at altitudes above 1219 m, the specified initial boiling point range is (23.9 to 40.6) [deg]C
  and the specified volatility range is (52.0 to 55.2) kPa ((7.5 to 8.0) psi).
\3\ Calculate dry vapor pressure equivalent, DVPE, based on the measured total vapor pressure, pT, in kPa using
  the following equation: DVPE (kPa) = 0.956 [middot] pT-2.39 or DVPE (psi) = 0.956 [middot] pT-0.347. DVPE is
  intended to be equivalent to Reid Vapor Pressure using a different test method.

[[Page 9120]]

 
\4\ For testing unrelated to evaporative emissions, the specified range is (55.2 to 63.4) kPa ((8.0 to 9.2)
  psi).

* * * * *

PART 1066--VEHICLE-TESTING PROCEDURES

0
110. The authority citation for part 1066 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart A--Applicability and General Provisions

0
111. Section 1066.10 is amended by revising paragraph (c) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.10  Other procedures.

* * * * *
    (c) Exceptions. You may use procedures other than those specified 
in this part as described in 40 CFR 1065.10(c). All the test procedures 
noted as exceptions to the specified procedures are considered 
generically as ``other procedures.'' Note that the terms ``special 
procedures'' and ``alternate procedures'' have specific meanings; 
``special procedures'' are those allowed by 40 CFR 1065.10(c)(2) and 
``alternate procedures'' are those allowed by 40 CFR 1065.10(c)(7). If 
we require you to request approval to use other procedures under this 
paragraph (c), you may not use them until we approve your request.

Subpart B--Equipment, Measurement Instruments, Fuel, and Analytical 
Gas Specifications

0
112. Section 1066.125 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(1) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  1066.125  Data updating, recording, and control.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (1) This paragraph (a)(1) applies where we specify a minimum 
command and control frequency that is greater than the minimum 
recording frequency, such as for sample flow rates from a CVS that does 
not have a heat exchanger. For these measurements, the rate at which 
you read and interpret the signal must be at least as frequent as the 
minimum command and control frequency. You may record values at the 
same frequency, or you may record them as mean values, as long as the 
frequency of the mean values meets the minimum recording frequency. You 
must use all read values, either by recording them or using them to 
calculate mean values. For example, if your system reads and controls 
the sample flow rate at 10 Hz, you may record these values at 10 Hz, 
record them at 5 Hz by averaging pairs of consecutive points together, 
or record them at 1 Hz by averaging ten consecutive points together.
* * * * *

Subpart C--Dynamometer Specifications

0
113. Section 1066.235 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(1)(i) to 
read as follows:

Sec.  1066.235  Speed verification procedure.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) Set the dynamometer to speed-control mode. Set the dynamometer 
speed to a value of approximately 4.5 m/s (10 mph); record the output 
of the frequency counter after 10 seconds. Determine the roll speed, 
vact, using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.023

Where:

f = frequency of the dynamometer speed sensing device, accurate to 
at least four significant figures.
droll = nominal roll diameter, accurate to the nearest 
1.0 mm, consistent with Sec.  1066.225(d).
n = the number of pulses per revolution from the dynamometer roll 
speed sensor.

    Example: 
f = 2.9231 Hz = 2.9231 s-\1\
droll = 904.40 mm = 0.90440 m
n = 1 pulse/rev
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.024

vact = 8.3053 m/s
* * * * *
0
114. Section 1066.255 is amended by revising paragraph (d) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.255  Parasitic loss verification.

* * * * *
    (d) Performance evaluation. Some dynamometers automatically update 
the parasitic loss curve for further testing. If this is not the case, 
compare the new parasitic loss curve to the original parasitic loss 
curve from the dynamometer manufacturer or the most recent parasitic 
loss curve you programmed into the dynamometer. You may reprogram the 
dynamometer to accept the new curve in all cases, and you must 
reprogram the dynamometer if any point on the new curve departs from 
the earlier curve by more than 9.0 N (2.0 lbf) 
for dynamometers capable of testing vehicles at or below 20,000 pounds 
GVWR, or 36.0 N (8.0 lbf) for dynamometers not 
capable of testing vehicles at or below 20,000 pounds GVWR.
0
115. Section 1066.270 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(4) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  1066.  270 Unloaded coastdown verification.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (4) Determine the average coastdown force, F, for each speed and 
inertia setting for each of the coastdowns performed using the 
following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.025

Where:

F = the average force measured during the coastdown for each speed 
interval and inertia setting, expressed in lbf [middot] s\2\/ft and 
rounded to four significant figures.
I = the dynamometer's inertia setting, in lbf [middot] s\2\/ft.
vinit = the speed at the start of the coastdown interval, 
expressed in ft/s to at least four significant figures.

[[Page 9121]]

vfinal = the speed at the end of the coastdown interval, 
expressed in ft/s to at least four significant figures.
t = coastdown time for each speed interval and inertia setting, 
accurate to at least 0.01 s.

    Example: 
I = 2000 lbm = 62.16 lbf [middot] s\2\/ft
vinit = 25 mph = 36.66 ft/s
vfinal = 15 mph = 22.0 ft/s
t = 5.00 s
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.026

F = 182.2 lbf
* * * * *

Subpart D--Coastdown

0
116. Section 1066.301 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.301  Overview of road-load determination procedures.

    (a) The procedures described in this subpart are used to determine 
the road-load target coefficients (A, B, and C) for the simulated road-
load equation in Sec.  1066.210(d)(3).
    (b) The general procedure for determining road-load force is 
performing coastdown tests and calculating road-load coefficients. This 
procedure is described in SAE J1263 and SAE J2263 (incorporated by 
reference in Sec.  1066.1010). This subpart specifies certain 
deviations from those procedures for certain applications.
    (c) Use good engineering judgment for all aspects of road-load 
determination. For example, minimize the effects of grade by performing 
coastdown testing on reasonably level surfaces and determining 
coefficients based on average values from vehicle operation in opposite 
directions over the course.

0
117. Section 1066.305 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.305  Procedures for specifying road-load forces for motor 
vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR.

    (a) For motor vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR, develop 
representative road-load coefficients to characterize each vehicle 
covered by a certificate of conformity. Calculate road-load target 
coefficients by performing coastdown tests using the provisions of SAE 
J2263 (incorporated by reference in Sec.  1066.1010). This protocol 
establishes a procedure for determination of vehicle road load force 
for speeds between 115 and 15 km/h (71.5 and 9.3 mi/h); the final 
result is a model of road-load force (as a function of speed) during 
operation on a dry, level road under reference conditions of 20 [deg]C, 
98.21 kPa, no wind, no precipitation, and the transmission in neutral. 
You may use other methods that are equivalent to SAE J2263, such as 
equivalent test procedures or analytical modeling, to characterize road 
load using good engineering judgment. Determine dynamometer settings to 
simulate the road-load profile represented by these road-load target 
coefficients as described in Sec.  1066.315. Supply representative 
road-load forces for each vehicle at speeds above 15 km/hr (9.3 mph), 
and up to 115 km/hr (71.5 mph), or the highest speed from the range of 
applicable duty cycles.
    (b) For cold temperature testing described in subpart H of this 
part, determine road-load target coefficients using one of the 
following methods:
    (1) You may perform coastdown tests or use other methods to 
characterize road load as described in paragraph (a) of this section 
based on vehicle operation at a nominal ambient temperature of -7 
[deg]C (20[emsp14][deg]F).
    (2) You may multiply each of the road-load target coefficients 
determined using the procedures described in paragraph (a) of this 
section by 1.1 to approximate a 10 percent decrease in coastdown time 
for the test vehicle.

Subpart E--Preparing Vehicles and Running an Exhaust Emission Test

0
118. Section 1066.410 is amended by revising paragraph (b) introductory 
text to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.410  Dynamometer test procedure.

* * * * *
    (b) Place the vehicle onto the dynamometer without starting the 
engine (for any test cycles) or drive the vehicle onto the dynamometer 
(for hot-start and hot-running cycles only) and position a fan that 
directs cooling air to the vehicle during dynamometer operation as 
described in this paragraph (b). This generally requires squarely 
positioning the fan in front of the vehicle and directing the airflow 
to the vehicle's radiator. Use good engineering judgment to design and 
configure fans to cool the test vehicle in a way that properly 
simulates in-use operation, consistent with the specifications of Sec.  
1066.105. Except for the following special cases, use a road-speed 
modulated fan meeting the requirements of Sec.  1066.105(c)(2) that is 
placed within 90 cm of the front of the vehicle and ensure that the 
engine compartment cover (i.e., hood) is closed:
* * * * *

0
119. Section 1066.420 is amended by revising paragraph (b) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.420  Test preparation.

* * * * *
    (b) For vehicles above 14,000 pounds GVWR with compression-ignition 
engines, verify the amount of nonmethane hydrocarbon contamination as 
described in 40 CFR 1065.520(f).
* * * * *

Subpart F--Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

0
120. Section 1066.501 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) and 
(iii) to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.501  Overview.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) We may approve the use of the alternate End-of-Test criterion 
in Section 3.9.1 of SAE J1711 for charge-depleting tests and the Net 
Energy Change correction in Appendix C of SAE J1711 for charge-
sustaining tests if the specified criterion and correction are 
insufficient or inappropriate.
    (iii) For charge-sustaining tests Appendix C of SAE J1711 may be 
used to correct final fuel economy values, CO2 emissions, 
and carbon-related exhaust emissions, but may not be used to correct 
measured values for criteria pollutant emissions.
* * * * *

Subpart G--Calculations

0
121. Section 1066.605 is amended by revising paragraphs (c)(5) and 
(c)(6) to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.605  Mass-based and molar-based exhaust emission 
calculations.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (5) Correct all gaseous concentrations for dilution air background 
as described in Sec.  1066.610.
    (6) Correct NOX emission values for intake-air humidity 
as described in Sec.  1066.615.
* * * * *

0
122. Section 1066.615 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.615  NOX intake-air humidity correction.

    You may correct NOX emissions for intake-air humidity as 
described in this section if the standard-setting part allows it. See 
Sec.  1066.605(c) for the proper sequence for applying the 
NOX intake-air humidity correction.
    (a) For vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR, apply a correction 
for vehicles with reciprocating engines operating over specific test 
cycles as follows:

[[Page 9122]]

    (1) Calculate a humidity correction using a time-weighted mean 
value for ambient humidity over the test interval. Calculate absolute 
ambient humidity, H, using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.027

Where:

MH2O = molar mass of H2O.
pd = saturated vapor pressure at the ambient dry bulb 
temperature.
RH = relative humidity of ambient air
Mair = molar mass of air.
patmos = atmospheric pressure.

    Example: 
MH2O = 18.01528 g/mol
pd = 2.93 kPa
RH = 37.5%
Mair = 28.96559 g/mol
patmos = 96.71 kPa
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.028

    (2) Use the following equation to correct measured concentrations 
to a reference condition of 10.71 grams H2O vapor per 
kilogram of dry air for the FTP, US06, LA-92, SC03, and HFET test 
cycles:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.029

    Where:

[chi]NOx = measured NOX emission concentration 
in the sample, after dry-to-wet and background corrections.
Hs = humidity scale. Set = 1 for FTP, US06, LA-92, and 
HFET test cycles. Set = 0.8825 for the SC03 test cycle.
H = ambient humidity, as determined in paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section.

    Example: 
H = 7.14741 g H2O vapor/kg dry air time weighted over the 
FTP test cycle
[chi]NOx = 1.21 ppm
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.030

    (b) For vehicles above 14,000 pounds GVWR, apply correction factors 
as described in 40 CFR 1065.670.

0
123. Section 1066.635 is amended by adding paragraph (c)(6) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.635  NMOG determination.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (6) For PHEVs, you may determine NMOG based on testing over one 
full UDDS using Eq. 1066.635-3.
* * * * *

Subpart H--Cold Temperature Test Procedures

0
124. Section 1066.701 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.701  Applicability and general provisions.

    (a) The procedures of this part 1066 may be used for testing at any 
ambient temperature. Section 1066.710 describes the provisions that 
apply for testing vehicles at a nominal temperature of -7 [deg]C (20 
[deg]F); these procedures apply for motor vehicles as described in 40 
CFR part 86, subpart S, and 40 CFR part 600. For other vehicles, see 
the standard-setting part to determine if your vehicle is required to 
meet emission standards outside the normal (20 to 30) [deg]C ((68 to 
86) [deg]F) temperature range.
* * * * *

0
125. Section 1066.710 is amended by revising paragraph (c) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.710  Cold temperature testing procedures for measuring CO 
and NMHC emissions and determining fuel economy.

* * * * *
    (c) Heater and defroster. During the test, operate the vehicle's 
interior climate control system with the heat on and set to primarily 
defrost the front window. Turn air conditioning off. You may not use 
any supplemental auxiliary heat during this testing. You may set the 
heater to any temperature and fan setting during vehicle 
preconditioning.
    (1) Manual control. Unless you rely on automatic control as 
specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, take the following steps 
to control heater settings:
    (i) Set the climate control system as follows before the first 
acceleration (t=20 s), or before starting the vehicle if the climate 
control system allows it:
    (A) Temperature. Set controls to maximum heat. For automatic 
control systems running in manual mode, set the heater control to 72 
[deg]F or higher.
    (B) Fan speed. Set the fan speed to full off or the lowest 
available speed if a full off position is not available.
    (C) Airflow direction. Direct airflow to the front window (window 
defrost mode).
    (D) Air source. If independently controllable, set the system to 
draw in outside air.
    (ii) At the second idle of the test cycle, which occurs 125 seconds 
after the start of the test, set the fan speed to maximum. Complete by 
130 seconds after the start of the test. Leave temperature and air 
source settings unchanged.
    (iii) At the sixth idle of the test interval, which occurs at the 
deceleration to zero miles per hour 505

[[Page 9123]]

seconds after the start of the test, set the fan speed to the lowest 
setting that maintains air flow. Complete these changes by 510 seconds 
after the start of the test. You may use different vent and fan speed 
settings for the remainder of the test. Leave the temperature and air 
source settings unchanged.
    (2) Automatic control. For vehicles with automatic control systems 
running in automatic mode, set the temperature to 72 [deg]F and the air 
flow control to the front window defrost mode for the whole test.
    (3) Multiple-zone systems. For vehicles that have separate driver 
and passenger controls or separate front and rear controls, you must 
set all temperature and fan controls as described in paragraphs (c)(1) 
and (2) of this section, except that rear controls need not be set to 
defrost the front window.
    (4) Alternative test procedures. We may approve the use of other 
settings under 40 CFR 86.1840 if a vehicle's climate control system is 
not compatible with the provisions of this section.
* * * * *

Subpart I--Exhaust Emission Test Procedures for Motor Vehicles

0
126. Section 1066.801 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(2) and 
Figure 1 in paragraph (e) to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.801  Applicability and general provisions.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) The Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (SFTP) measures the 
emission effects from aggressive driving and operation with the 
vehicle's air conditioner. The SFTP is based on a composite of three 
different test elements. In addition to the FTP, vehicles generally 
operate over the US06 and SC03 driving schedules as specified in 
paragraphs (g) and (h) of Appendix I of 40 CFR part 86, respectively. 
In the case of heavy-duty vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR and at or 
below 14,000 pounds GVWR, SFTP testing involves additional driving over 
the Hot LA-92 driving schedule as specified in paragraph (c) of 40 CFR 
part 86, Appendix I, instead of the US06 driving schedule. Note that 
the US06 driving schedule represents about 8.0 miles of relatively 
aggressive driving; the SC03 driving schedule represents about 3.6 
miles of urban driving with the air conditioner operating; and the hot 
portion of the LA-92 driving schedule represents about 9.8 miles of 
relatively aggressive driving for commercial trucks. See Sec.  Sec.  
1066.815 and 1066.820.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19FE15.031
    

[[Page 9124]]

0
127. Section 1066.815 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(2)(ii) and 
(iii) to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.815  Exhaust emission test procedures for FTP testing.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) Repeat the steps in paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section. 
Operate the vehicle over the first 505 seconds of the UDDS. For tests 
that do not include bag 4 operation, turn off the engine and 
simultaneously stop all hot-start sampling and recording, including 
background sampling, and any integrating devices at the end of the 
deceleration scheduled to occur 505 seconds into the hot-start UDDS.
    (iii) To include bag 4 measurement, operate the vehicles over the 
remainder of the UDDS and conclude the testing as described in 
paragraphs (d)(1)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
* * * * *

0
128. Section 1066.831 is amended as follows:
0
a. By revising paragraph (b)(3)(ii)(D).
0
b. By adding paragraph (b)(3)(ii)(G).
0
c. By revising paragraphs (e)(2)(i) and (iii).

Sec.  1066.831  Exhaust emission test procedures for aggressive 
driving.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (D) US06 driving schedule or, for heavy-duty vehicles at or below 
10,000 pounds GVWR with a power-to-weight ratio at or below 0.024 hp/
lbm, just the highway portion of the US06 driving schedule.
* * * * *
    (G) The Hot LA-92 driving schedule.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) For heavy-duty vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR, operate the 
vehicle over the Hot LA-92 driving schedule.
* * * * *
    (iii) Non-MDPV heavy-duty vehicles shall be tested at their 
adjusted loaded vehicle weight as described in 40 CFR 86.1816.
* * * * *

0
129. Section 1066.835 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(2) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  1066.835  Exhaust emission test procedure for SC03 emissions.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) Vehicle frontal air flow. Verify that the fan configuration 
meets the requirements of Sec.  1066.105(c)(5).
* * * * *

0
130. Section 1066.845 is amended by revising paragraphs (b) and (e)(2) 
and adding paragraph (e)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.845  AC17 air conditioning efficiency test procedure.

* * * * *
    (b) Test cell. Operate the vehicle in a test cell meeting the 
specifications described in Sec.  1066.835(e). You may add airflow up 
to a maximum of 4 miles per hour during engine idling and when the 
engine is off if that is needed to meet ambient temperature or humidity 
requirements.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) For manual systems, select A/C mode, set the temperature to 
full cold and ``maximum'', set airflow to ``recirculate'' (if so 
equipped), and select the highest fan setting. During the first idle 
period of the SC03 driving schedule (between 186 and 204 seconds), 
reduce the fan speed setting to nominally 50% of maximum fan speed, set 
airflow to ``fresh air'' (if so equipped), and adjust the temperature 
setting to target a temperature of 55[emsp14][deg]F (13 [deg]C) at the 
dashboard air outlet. Maintain these settings for the remainder of the 
test. You may rely on prior temperature measurements to determine the 
temperature setting; however, if the system is unable to meet the 
55[emsp14][deg]F (13 [deg]C) target, you may instead set airflow to 
``fresh air'' and temperature to full cold. If the vehicle is equipped 
with technology that defaults to recirculated air at ambient 
temperatures above 75[emsp14][deg]F (22 [deg]C), that technology should 
remain enabled throughout the test; this may mean not setting the 
airflow to ``recirculate'' at the start and not setting the airflow to 
``fresh air'' during the first idle period of the SC03 driving 
schedule. Except as specified in paragraph (e)(3) of this section, use 
good engineering judgment to apply the settings described in this 
paragraph (e)(2) equally throughout the vehicle if there are separate 
controls for different zones (such as rear air conditioning).
    (3) If the air conditioning system is designed with parameters that 
switch back to a default setting at key-off, perform testing in that 
default condition. If the air conditioning system includes any optional 
equipment or user controls not addressed in this paragraph (e), the 
manufacturer should ask us for preliminary approval to determine the 
appropriate settings for testing.
* * * * *

Subpart J--Evaporative Emission Test Procedures

0
131. Section 1066.985 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(9) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  1066.985  Fuel storage system leak test procedure.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (9) Repeat the test described in this paragraph (d) for each access 
point described in the application for certification. Use each test 
result (without averaging) to determine whether the vehicle passes the 
leak standard.
* * * * *

Subpart K--Definitions and Other Reference Material

0
132. Section 1066.1001 is amended by adding a definition for ``Hot LA-
92'' in alphabetical order to read as follows:

Sec.  1066.1001  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Hot LA-92 means the first 1435 seconds of the LA-92 driving 
schedule.
* * * * *

0
133. Section 1066.1005 is amended by revising paragraph (h) to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1066.1005  Symbols, abbreviations, acronyms, and units of 
measure.

* * * * *
    (h) Prefixes. This part uses the following prefixes to define a 
quantity:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Symbol                      Quantity             Value
------------------------------------------------------------------------
n.................................  nano................          10-\9\
[mu]..............................  micro...............          10-\6\
m.................................  milli...............          10-\3\
c.................................  centi...............          10-\2\
k.................................  kilo................           10\3\
M.................................  mega................           10\6\
------------------------------------------------------------------------

0
134. Section 1066.1010 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(1) to read 
as follows:

Sec.  1066.1010  Incorporation by reference.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) SAE J1263, Road Load Measurement and Dynamometer Simulation 
Using Coastdown Techniques, revised March 2010, IBR approved for 
Sec. Sec.  1066.301(b) and 1066.310(b).
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2015-02846 Filed 2-18-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P