Document ID: EPA-R03-OAR-2006-0817-0005
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2007-01-12T05:00Z

Technical Support Document (TSD) For 

Emissions Inventories For The Parkersburg West Virginia 

8 Hour Ozone Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan

Submitted September 2006 by the West Virginia 

Department of Environmental Protection 

TSD Prepared October 2006 by

Janet C. Kremer

Air Quality Analysis Branch, 3AP22

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 3

1650 Arch Street

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

/S/

____________________________________________

Reviewed by Walter Wilkie, Chief

Air Quality Analysis Branch (3AP22)

_________________

Date Signed:  October 20, 2006

        

Introduction

The purpose of this document is to provide a technical summary of the
Air Quality Analysis Branch’s (AQAB) review of the emissions
inventories submitted with the Parkersburg, West Virginia 8 Hour Ozone
Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan by the West Virginia
Department of the Environmental Protection (WVDEP).  This review does
not determine the approvability of the Redesignation Request or
Maintenance Plan.  Emissions inventories in a redesignation request are
used to show permanent and enforceable emission reductions between the
year the area was designated and the year the area came into attainment.
 In a maintenance plan, the emissions inventories are use to reflect the
emissions during the time the area came into attainment and are then
projected to show that the area will remain in attainment.  Any
questions pertaining to this technical summary should be directed to
Walter K. Wilkie, Chief, Air Quality Analysis Branch, at 215-814-2150 or
via email at   HYPERLINK "mailto:wilkie.walter@epa.gov" 
wilkie.walter@epa.gov . 

II 	Emissions Inventories for Redesignation Request (Base Year
Inventory)

	In a redesignation request, emissions inventories are used to support
the States claim that the area has permanent and enforceable emissions
reductions.  In order to do this, the state should estimate the percent
reduction (from the year that was used to determine the design value for
designation and classification) achieved from federal and state control
measures; this is usually termed as the “base year” inventory.  The
base year inventory contains VOC and NOx emissions for all source
categories, which includes point, area, onroad mobile, nonroad mobile
and for the ozone season.  

	In the Parkersburg request, the base year used was 2002.  WVDEP
provided a point source inventory for 2002 that contained emissions for
electric generating units (EGUs) and Non-EGU sources.  The EGU emissions
submitted were from Washington County in Ohio, as provided by Ohio EPA. 
There are no EGU sources in Wood County, which is the West Virginia
portion of the Parkersburg Non Attainment area.  For VOC and NOx
emissions for Non-EGUs, WVDEP used data supplied by facilities that is
maintained in their i-STEPs database.  This data is the same data WVDEP
supplied to the EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) for the 2002
periodic inventory requirement.  

	For the 2002 Area source emissions, WVDEP used the VISTAS Base G
inventory which is basically the 2002 non-point NEI, with improvements
to the fire data. The VISTAS emissions values were in units of annual
emissions, therefore in order to derive ozone daily emissions, WVDEP
applied the procedures outlined in the EPA’s Emissions Modeling
Clearinghouse (EMCH) Memorandum “Temporal Allocation of Annual
Emissions Using EMCH Temporal Profiles” (4/29/2002).   Emissions
inventory staff from AQAB reviewed the documentation provided by WVDEP
on VISTAS’ emissions inventory development and believes that it is
reasonable to use this inventory for the Redesignation request. 

	WVDEP used a two step process to develop the Nonroad Mobile source
inventory used in this request.  First the emissions for the nonroad
source categories that are included in EPA’s NONROAD2005 Model
(NONROAD) were developed.  NONROAD estimates fuel consumption and
emissions of total hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides,
sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter for all nonroad mobile source
categories except for aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine
vessels (CMV).  WVDEP provided sample input and output files for the
NONROAD model that reflected the use of the most up to date information.
 The second step was to develop emissions that were not contained in the
NONROAD Model.  Aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine vessels
(CMV) emission estimates submitted by WVDEP were developed by E.H.
Pechan and Associates for VISTAS.  AQAB staff reviewed the documentation
provided concerning this portion of the Nonroad inventory and believes
that it is reasonable to use these emission estimates in this
redesigantion request.

	The Onroad Mobile source 2002 emissions inventory was developed using
the most current version of EPA’s highway mobile source emissions
model MOBILE 6.2. WVDEP did consult with the Metropolitan Planning
Organization (MPO) responsible for transportation planning, as required
by the federal Transportation Conformity Rule.  The MPO was able to
provide WVDEP with the most current planning assumptions for 2002, as
well as, the most recent available travel demand model results.  WVDEP
provided Mobile6.2 input and output files for review with the
redesignation request.  Mobile emissions values were given in units of
tons per summer day.  AQAB staff reviewed the files and emission results
and believes them to be reasonable for use in this redesigantion
request.

III.	Emissions Inventories for Maintenance Plan

2004 Attainment Year Inventory and Maintenance Plan Base Year Inventory

As stated earlier, emissions inventories are used to show emission
reductions for the area between the year of designation and the year of
attainment.  The inventory used for the year of attainment is called the
Attainment Year Inventory and also is referred to as the Maintenance
Plan Base Year Inventory.  This inventory is used as the basis for the
projected inventories that are used to show the area will remain in
attainment.  This section will discuss the 2004 Attainment Year
Inventory that was used in the Parkersburg Redesignation Request and
Maintenance Plan submitted by WVDEP.

WVDEP compiled a new 2004 point source inventory for the Parkersburg
Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan.  The 2004 point source
inventory contained emissions for electric generating units (EGUs) and
Non-EGU sources.  The EGU emissions submitted were from Washington
County in Ohio, as provided by Ohio EPA.  There are no EGU sources in
Wood County, which makes up the WV portion of the Parkersburg Non
Attainment area.  For VOC and NOx emissions for Non-EGUs, WVDEP used
data supplied by facilities that is maintained in their i-STEPs
database.  

	In accordance with EPA’s emissions inventory guidance, WVDEP provided
summer weekday emissions.  In order to derive ozone summer weekday
emissions the WVDEP applied procedures outlined in the EPA’s Emissions
Modeling Clearinghouse (EMCH) Memorandum “Temporal Allocation of
Annual Emissions Using EMCH Temporal Profiles” (4/29/2002).  This
included using the CAIR Platform Data, also located on the EMCH Webpage.
 The WVDEP followed the memorandum’s instructions using the CAIR
Platform Excel spreadsheets to calculate the allocation factors to
derive the summer weekday values. For both NOX and VOC, the default
monthly and weekly allocation factors for a summer weekday were used on
a SCC by SCC basis to develop the summer weekday estimates. 

For 2004 Area source emissions, WVDEP applied EPA’s Economic Growth
Analysis System (EGAS), Version 4.0 to grow 2002 emissions to 2004
estimates.  WVDEP staff developed growth factors for 2002 and 2004 and
applied the following formula on an SCC basis to obtain a complete 2004
area source inventory:

2004 Emission Value = 2002 Emission Value/2002 Growth Factor * 2004
growth factor.

The practice of growing Area source emissions with tools like EGAS is a
common practice that is an acceptable method for developing emissions
inventories.  

	WVDEP used a two step process to develop the 2004 Nonroad Mobile source
inventory used in this request.  First the emissions for the nonroad
source categories that are included in EPA’s NONROAD2005b Model
(NONROAD) were developed.  NONROAD estimates fuel consumption and
emissions of total hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides,
sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter for all nonroad mobile source
categories except for aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine
vessels (CMV).  WVDEP provided sample input and output files for the
NONROAD model that reflected the use of the most up to date information.
 The second step was to develop emissions that were not contained in the
NONROAD Model.  Aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine vessels
(CMV) emission estimates were developed by WVDEP.  Procedures described
in Section III.B.3 of the VISTAS document titled

“Development of the VISTAS Draft 2002 Mobile Source Emission Inventory
(February 2004Version)” were used to project the 2002 CMV and railroad
emissions to 2004 values. Using the Department of Energy, Energy
Information Administration’s (EIA’s) Residual Fuel Oil Usage from
the “Annual Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales Report” for 2002 and 2004,
growth factors were calculated by dividing the 2004 usage values by the
2002 usage value. The 2002 emissions were then multiplied by the
appropriate growth factor to derive 2004 emissions. EGAS version 4.0 was
used to grow 2002 airport emissions to 2004.  AQAB staff believes this
methodology is reasonable.

	The Onroad Mobile source 2004 emissions inventory was developed using
the most current version of EPA’s highway mobile source emissions
model MOBILE 6.2. WVDEP did consult with the Metropolitan Planning
Organization (MPO) responsible for transportation planning, as required
by the federal Transportation Conformity Rule.  The MPO was able to
provide WVDEP with the most current planning assumptions for 2004, as
well as, the most recent available travel demand model results.  WVDEP
provided Mobile6.2 input and output files for review with the
redesignation request.  Mobile emissions values were given in units of
tons per summer day.  AQAB staff reviewed the files and emission results
and believes them to be reasonable for use in the maintenance plan. 

2009 and 2018 Projection Emission Inventories

Projection inventories are used to show that the area will remain in
attainment.  Projection inventories for the years 2009 and 2018 were
used for the Parkersburg Maintenance Plan.  Inventories were developed
for all emission sources for both years.

Point source emissions for 2009 and 2018 were developed for EGUs and
Non-EGUs.  As stated previously, there are no EGUs in the WV portion of
the Parkersburg Non Attainment area.  For Non-EGUs, WVDEP obtained the
Base G On-the-way (OTW) 2009 and 2018 emissions projection for non-EGU
Point sources from VISTAS.  VISTAS contractors used EPA’s EGAS,
Version 4.0 to perform the projections for non-EGU stationary point
sources. Additionally, VISTAS incorporated more up-to-date growth
factors in EGAS 4.0 as documented in the reports entitled Development of
Growth Factors for Future Year Modeling Inventories (dated April
30,2004) and CAIR Emission Inventory Overview (dated July 23, 2004). 
The VISTAS data for Non-EGUs were provided in terms of annual emissions.
 To convert annual values in the projected years to daily emissions,
temporal allocation methodology documented in the temporal profile usage
memorandum at the EMCH website at   HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/temporal/index.html" 
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/temporal/index.html  was used to
convert annual emissions to summer weekday emissions. CAIR Platform
data, “Temporal Cross reference File for CAIR Platform - MS Excel
(February 2005)” and “Temporal

Profile - CAIR Platform - MS Excel (February 2005)” tables were used
instead of the Pre CAIR Data table titled “Source Category Code /
Temporal Allocation Cross reference File (4/29/2002).”  As stated
earlier, AQAB staff has reviewed VISTAS documentation provided by WVDEP
and found these methodologies reasonable.  

	Area source emissions for 2009 and 2018 were provided by VISTAS. 
Growth and controls for emissions were based on the methodologies
applied by EPA for the CAIR analysis.  The emissions provided by VISTAS
were in terms of annual emissions therefore WVDEP calculated typical
summer weekday emissions by applying the procedures documented in the
memorandum entitled “Temporal Allocation of

Annual Emissions Using EMCH Temporal Profiles” (dated April 29, 2002).

For the 2009 and 2018 Onroad and Nonroad Mobile source inventories, the
same procedures described above for the 2004 inventory were employed
except for the calendar years in question.  AQAB staff reviewed the
procedures, as well as the sample input and output files for both models
used and find them to be reasonable for development of this inventory.  

 Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and
Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards and Regional
Haze Regulations (August 2005)