Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0310-0006
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2007-12-05T05:00Z

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

OFFICE OF           

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Date:		12-September-2007

Subject:		Spinetoram and Spinosad - Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk
Assessments.  

PP#:  5F7006.  PC Codes:  Spinetoram (110008 and 110009) and Spinosad
(110003).  DP #:  337531.  Decision #:  362634.

Reviewer/To:	Tom Bloem, Chemist

		Registration Action Branch 1/Health Effects Division (RAB1/HED; 7509P)

Through:		Amelia Acierto, Chemist

		Doug Dotson, Ph.D., Chemist

		Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC)

		George F. Kramer, Ph.D., Branch Senior Scientist

		RAB1/HED (7509P)

Executive Summary

HED has concluded that spinosad and spinetoram are toxicologically
equivalent (D340521, PV Shah, in draft); therefore, as part of the
current assessment, exposures to these compounds were combined.  The
chronic dietary risk assessment was conducted using the Dietary Exposure
Evaluation Model - Food Consumption Intake Database (DEEM-FCID(, ver.
2.03).  DEEM-FCID( incorporates food consumption data from the United
States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Continuing Surveys of Food
Intakes by Individuals (CSFII; 1994-1996 and 1998).  Acute and cancer
analyses were not conducted as toxicological effects attributable to a
single dose were not identified and spinetoram and spinosad are
classified as not likely to be carcinogens (cancer risk assessment is
not required).  

HED (≤81% cPAD; children 1-2 years old were the most highly exposed
subpopulation).

I.  Introduction

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a
given pesticide.  For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is
expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose
which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health
effects).  This dose is referred to as the population-adjusted dose
(PAD).  The PAD is equivalent to the reference dose (RfD) divided by the
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) Safety Factor (SF).  For acute and
non-cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary
risk exceeds 100% of the PAD.  References which discuss the acute and
chronic risk assessments in more detail are available on the
EPA/pesticides web site:  “Available Information on Assessing Exposure
from Pesticides, A User’s Guide,” 6/21/2000, web link:     
HYPERLINK
"http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf" 
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/ EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf ; or see
SOP 99.6 (8/20/99).  This is the first dietary exposure analysis
conducted for spinetoram; the most recent spinosad dietary exposure
analysis can be found in D339485 (T. Bloem, 14-May-2007).  

II.  Residue Information

Residues of Concern in Plants and Livestock:  HED has determined that
the residues of concern in plants, livestock, and water following
application of spinetoram or spinosad are as described in Tables 1 and
2, respectively.  

Table 1:  Residues for Tolerance Expression and Risk Assessment (see
D331741 (P. Shah et al., in draft) for more information).  

Matrix	Residues included in Risk Assessment	Residues included in
Tolerance Expression

Plants	XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L, ND-J, and NF-J	XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L, ND-J,
and NF-J

Ruminant1	XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L, ND-J, and NF-J	XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L,
ND-J, and NF-J

Hen1	XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L, ND-J, NF-J, 3'-O-deethyl-175-J,
3'-O-deethyl-175-L, and O-demethyl-175-L2	XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L, ND-J,
and NF-J

Rotational Crops	can not be determined from the available data

Drinking Water	since identified or partially identified degradates in
the fate studies contained the major ring structures of the parent
compound, a total residue method was used in modeling	--

1  HED notes that feeding studies should employ dosing with parent only
(XDE-175-J and XDE-175-L) and should monitor for the residues of concern
for risk assessment.

2  O-demethyl-175-L is either 2’-O-demethyl-175-L or
4’-O-demethyl-175-L or a mixture of both.

Table 2.	Residues for Tolerance Expression and Risk Assessment

Matrix	Residues included in Risk Assessment	Residues included in
Tolerance Expression

Plants1	spinosyn A and D	spinosyn A and D

Livestock1	spinosyn A and D	spinosyn A and D

Rotational Crops1	spinosyn A and D	spinosyn A and D

Drinking Water2	total spinosad	--

Fish/Shellfish3	adjustment of the TRRs in the edible tissues from the
19-ppb spinosyn A bioconcentration study for the EFED water
concentration resulting from the mosquito larvicide use	spinosyn A and D

1  see D243816 (G. Herndon, 3-Mar-1998) and D264984 (W. Donovan,
14-Jun-2002) for more information

2  see HED risk assessment D316077 (T. Bloem et al., 2-Aug-2006) for
discussion

3  HED notes that these conclusions are appropriate for this mosquito
larvicide petition only and will be reevaluated if the petitioner alters
the aquatic application scenario; see (T. Bloem et a.l, 2-Aug-2006) for
more information 

Established/Recommended Spinetoram Tolerances:  The Alternative Risk
Integration and Assessment (ARIA) Team of the Registration Division (RD)
reviewed a petition for application of spinosad to pineapple and the
spice subgroup (19B, except black pepper) and concluded that tolerances
for the combined residues of spinosyn A and D of 0.02 ppm and 1.7 ppm
are appropriate (D335084, B. Hanson, in draft).   

The current spinetoram request represents the first food/feed use.  HED
has reviewed the residue chemistry data submitted in support of the
current petition and concluded that the tolerances listed in Table 2 for
the combined residues of XDE-175-J, XDE-175-L, ND-J, and NF-J are
appropriate (D325387, T. Bloem, in draft).  

Table 2:  HED-Recommended Spinetoram Tolerances.

Matrix	Tolerance (ppm)

Beet, sugar, molasses	0.75

Vegetable, root and tuber, group 1	0.10

Vegetable, leaves of root and tuber, group 2	10

Vegetable, bulb, group 3, except green onion	0.10

Onion, green	2.0

Vegetable, leafy, except Brassica, group 4	8.0

Watercress	8.0

Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A	2.0

Brassica, leafy greens, subgroup 5B	10

Ti, leaves	10

Vegetable, legume, edible podded, subgroup 6A	0.30

Pea and bean, succulent shelled, subgroup 6B	0.04

Pea and bean, dried shelled, except soybean, subgroup 6C	0.04

Soybean, seed	0.04

Vegetable, foliage of legume, group 7	8.0

Vegetable, fruiting, group 8	0.40

Okra	0.40

Vegetable, cucurbit, group 9	0.30

Fruit, citrus, group 10	0.30

Citrus, dried pulp	0.50

Citrus, oil	3.0

Fruit, pome, group 11	0.20

Apple, wet pomace	0.50

Fruit, stone, group 12	0.20

Caneberry, subgroup 13A	0.70

Bushberry, subgroup 13B	0.25

Juneberry	0.25

Lingonberry	0.25

Salal	0.25

Nut, tree, group 14	0.04

Almond, hulls	2.0

Pistachio	0.04

Corn, sweet, kernel plus cob with husks removed	0.04

Grain, cereal, group 15, except rice, sorghum, pearl millet, and proso
millet 	0.04

Grain, aspirated fractions	20

Sorghum, grain, grain	1.0

Millet, proso, grain	1.0

Millet, pearl, grain	1.0

Grain, cereal, straw, group 16, except rice	1.0

Grain, cereal, group 16, forage	3.5

Grain, cereal, group 16, hay	10

Grain, cereal, group 16, stover	10

Amaranth, grain, grain	1.0

Herbs, dried, subgroup 19A	22

Herbs, fresh, subgroup 19A	3.0

Asparagus	0.04

Banana	0.25

Cotton, gin byproducts	1.5

Cotton, undelinted seed	0.04

Cranberry	0.04

Fig	0.10

Grape	0.50

Grape, raisin	0.70

Peanut	0.04

Peanut, hay	11

Peppermint, tops	3.5

Spearmint, tops	3.5

Strawberry	1.0

Acerola	0.30

Artichoke, globe	0.30

Atemoya	0.30

Avocado	0.30

Biriba	0.30

Canistel	0.30

Cherimoya	0.30

Custard apple	0.30

Feijoa	0.30

Guava	0.30

Ilama	0.30

Jaboticaba	0.30

Longan 	0.30

Lychee	0.30

Mango	0.30

Papaya	0.30

Passionfruit	0.30

Pulasan	0.30

Rambutan	0.30

Sapodilla	0.30

Sapote, black	0.30

Sapote, mamey	0.30

Sapote, white	0.30

Soursop	0.30

Spanish lime	0.30

Star apple	0.30

Star fruit	0.30

Sugar apple	0.30

Wax jambu	0.30

Cattle, fat	5.5

Cattle, meat byproducts (except liver)	0.60

Cattle, liver	0.85

Cattle, meat	0.20

Goat, fat	5.5

Goat, meat byproducts (except liver)	0.60

Goat, liver	0.85

Goat, meat	0.20

Horse, fat	5.5

Horse, meat byproducts (except liver)	0.60

Horse, liver	0.85

Horse, meat	0.20

Sheep, fat	5.5

Sheep, meat byproducts (except liver)	0.60

Sheep, liver	0.85

Sheep, meat	0.20

Hog, fat	0.40

Hog, meat byproducts	0.04

Hog, meat	0.04

Milk	0.30

Milk, fat	7.5

Poultry, fat	0.10

Poultry, meat	0.04

Poultry, meat byproducts	0.04

Egg	0.04

DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing factors for all commodities
excluding field corn (meal, starch, flour, and oil), grape juice, and
wheat (flour and germ) where the spinosad processing factors were
assumed; previously calculated spinosad egg and poultry and hog tissue
estimates (see Table 3); and spinosad residues in ruminant and milk as
outlined in Tables 3-6.  HED concludes that these assumptions are
appropriate for combined spinosad and spinetoram residues for the
following reasons:

  HED is requesting spinetoram processing data and concluded that
DEEM™ (ver. 7.81) default processing factors should be assumed pending
the submission of these data.  The residue file assumed DEEM™ (ver.
7.81) default processing factors for all commodities excluding field
corn (meal (0.26x, default of 1x), starch (0.01x, default of 1x), flour
(0.22x, default of 1x ), and oil (1.2x, default of 1x); grape juice
(3.41x, default of 1.2x); and wheat (flour (0.34x, ; default of 1x) and
germ (0.72x, default of 1x).  Since the field corn oil and grape juice
processing factors are greater than the defaults, HED concludes that
this is not an issue.  HED notes that the wheat grain and field corn
grain residue estimates of 0.510 ppm and 0.551 ppm, respectively, are
based on the registered post-harvest application of spinosad to cereal
grain.  Post-harvest application of spinetoram to these crops is not
proposed and the HED-recommended spinetoram field corn grain and wheat
grain tolerances are 0.04 ppm (limit of quantitation (LOQ) tolerances). 
Therefore, HED concludes that the majority of the residue will be
derived from spinosad and application of the spinosad processing data to
these commodities are acceptable.  

≥3.3x the HED-recommended spinetoram tolerances.  Since these
tolerances are based on maximum residues and 100% crop treated and since
the metabolites included as spinetoram residues of concern in hen are
likely to be significantly less that parent (based on the metabolism
study), HED concludes that the spinosad tolerances are an adequate
estimate of combined spinosad and spinetoram residues in poultry
commodities for a chronic analysis.  

(4)  The spinosad hog tissue residue estimates are based on consumption
of spinosad treated feed commodities and from the registered spinosad
dermal application scenarios (see Table 3).  The hog dietary burden was
calculated using spinosad percent crop treated estimates and average
spinosad field trial residues.  Spinosad treated feed contributes ≤23%
of the total spinosad hog tissue residue estimates (remaining derived
from dermal application) with nearly 100% of this quantity being derived
from the post-harvest cereal grain application scenario.  

HED concludes that the spinosad hog tissue residue estimates are an
adequate estimate of combined spinosad and spinetoram residues in
ruminant/hog tissue for the following reasons:  (a) post-harvest cereal
grain, livestock dermal, and livestock premise application scenarios are
not requested for spinetoram and (b) the spinosad transfer coefficients
are greater than those calculated from the 37.85 ppm single level
spinetoram feeding study (47030801.der.doc).  Table 3 is a summary of
the beef/hog tissue residue estimates.  

(5)  Beef and dairy cattle dietary burdens to combined spinosad and
spinetoram were calculated (see Table 4).  The commodities included in
the dietary burden calculations were recommended by the HED Chemistry
Science Advisory Council (ChemSAC) as part of the spinetoram residue
chemistry review with substitution of corn forage for wheat hay in the
beef cattle diet and for wheat forage and soybean forage in the dairy
cattle diet.  Corn forage was included based on the 39% projected
combined spinosad and spinetoram percent crop treated for sweet corn
(projected combined percent crop treated for wheat and soybean are much
lower; see attachment 2).  HED notes that spinosad is also registered to
the nongrass animal feed crop group and the grass crop group but these
were not included in the dietary burden calculations for the following
reasons (nongrass animal feed crop group and the grass crop group are
not proposed for spinetoram):  (a) average spinosad SLUA (see attachment
2) is <1% for alfalfa, sweet corn, wheat, and hay (other) and (b) the
sweet corn forage residues estimate was translated from the spinosad
grass forage residue data.  Using the ruminant dietary burdens, residues
in ruminant tissue and milk were then calculated using the results from
the spinosad ruminant feeding study.  As stated above the spinosad
transfer coefficients are greater than those calculated from the 37.85
ppm single-level spinetoram feeding study (47030801.der.doc).  

Table 3:  Summary of Refined Combined Spinosyn A and D Residue Estimates
Used in the Analysis.

crop group/matrix	crop/commodity	residue (ppm)	reference

refined food crop residues

leafy vegetables (except Brassica)	Celery	1.026	D244596, G. Herndon,
26-Mar-1998; D232203, G. Herndon, 2-Mar-1998; applied to the remaining
crops in this crop group using Standard operating Procedure (SOP) 2000.1

	head lettuce	0.756

Spinach	3.067

leaf lettuce	3.488

	citrus	Grapefruit	0.057	D244596, G. Herndon, 26-Mar-1998; applied to
the remaining crops in this crop group using SOP 2000.1

	Lemon	0.068

Orange	0.085

	fruiting vegetable	Tomato	0.041	D232203, G. Herndon, 2-Mar-1998;
applied to the remaining crops in this crop group using SOP 2000.1

	pepper (bell)	0.054

pepper (nonbell)	0.110

	pome fruit	Apple	0.026	D228434, S. Willett, 23-Jan-1997; applied to the
remaining crops in this crop group using SOP 2000.1

Brassica leafy vegetables	Broccoli	0.313	D228434, S. Willett,
23-Jan-1997; applied to the remaining crops in this crop group using SOP
2000.1

	cabbage without wrapper leaves	0.081

mustard greens	3.506

	herbs	Fresh	1.200	D278777, W. Donovan, 10-Jul-2002; D312374, T. Bloem,
20-July-2005

	Dried	13.920

	cereal grain	corn grain	0.510	average residues following post-harvest
spinosad treatment of the grain (D304201, W. Cutchin, 13-Oct-2004); HED
notes that foliar application of spinosad to cereal grains is also
registered resulting in <LOQ residues in grain; therefore, HED concludes
that the average residue resulting from only the post harvest treatment
are acceptable

	wheat grain	0.551

barley grain	0.652

oat grain	0.495

rice grain	0.664

	--	Banana	0.084	D312374, T. Bloem, 20-Jul-2005; D323723, T. Bloem,
2-Feb-2006

--	Strawberry	0.235	45244701.der.wpd

--	Grape	0.15	D281616, W. Donovan, 15-Aug-2002

refined milk/ruminant/hog residues

milk	Whole	0.181	see Tables 4, 5, and 6

	Fat	2.262

Skim	0.054

	ruminant	Meat	0.127	see Tables 4, 5, and 6

	Fat	1.906

meat byproduct	0.599

Kidney	0.419

Liver	0.599

	hog	Meat	0.314	D319957, T. Bloem, 24-Aug-2005

	meat byproducts	1.052

Fat	3.518

Kidney	1.052

Liver	1.357

	



Table 4:  Calculation of Maximum Reasonable Dietary Burdens.

Feed Commodity1	% Dry Matter2	% Diet2	Residue (ppm)3	% Crop Treated
Dietary

Contribution (ppm)4

Beef Cattle

sweet corn forage (R)	48	10	3.5	39	0.341

aspirated grain fractions (CC)	85	5	7.6	100	0.447

sorghum grain (CC)	86	75	1.0	5	0.044

soybean seed meal (PC)	92	10	0.04	5	0.0002

dietary burden	--	100	--	--	0.775

Dairy Cattle

sweet corn forage (R)	48	35	3.5	39	0.995

leaves of root and tuber vegetables (R)	30	10	3.1	50	0.521

sorghum grain (CC)	86	40	1.0	5	0.023

sugar beet molasses (CC)	75	5	0.75	100	0.050

cottonseed (PC)	88	10	0.04	100	0.005

feed-through use5	--	--	--	--	0.880

dietary burden	--	100	--	--	2.474

1  R = roughage; CC = carbohydrate concentrate; PC = protein
concentrate.

2  OPPTS 860.1000 Table 1 (August 1996).

3  tolerance-level residues for all excluding leaves of root and tuber
vegetables, sweet corn forage, and AGFs; average leaves of root and
tuber vegetables (D279683, W. Donovan, 10-Jul-2002) sweet corn forage
spinosad residues (D312374, T. Bloem, 20-July-2005); average AGFs with
incorporation of percent crop treated estimates derived from the
post-harvest spinosad application scenario (see D341762, W. Sproat,
13-Oct-2004; post-harvest use not proposed for spinetoram).

4  dietary contribution = residues x % crop treated ( % dry matter x %
diet.

5  See D339485 (T. Bloem, 14-May-2007) for calculation of dietary
contribution from the feed-through use.  Feed-through use is also
registered for beef cattle; HED has previously concluded that based on
the application scenario this use will not result in significant
residues in beef cattle (D339485, T. Bloem, 14-May-2007).

Table 5:  Summary of Ruminant Feeding Study and Projected Spinosad
Residues in Milk.

	feeding level (ppm)1	linear regression (r2 = 0.999)	projected residues
(ppm)2

	1	3	10

	average combined spinosyn A and D residue (ppm)	slope	intercept

	kidney	0.047	0.163	0.445	0.0432	0.0168	0.124

liver	0.095	0.273	0.981	0.0991	-0.0130	0.232

muscle	0.018	0.041	0.178	0.0182	-0.0062	0.039

fat	0.544	1.047	4.753	0.4838	-0.1431	1.053

whole milk	0.049	0.157	0.559	0.057	-0.010	0.131

skim milk	0.008	0.019	0.095	0.011	-0.0059	0.021

1  D269680, M. Doherty, 14-Nov-2000.

2  projected residues in tissues based on the dairy cattle dietary
burden.

Table 6:  Calculation of Total Residues in Ruminants.

	Residue from Diet (ppm)	Residue from Pour-on (ppm)	Total Residue (ppm)

kidney	0.124	0.2951	0.419

liver	0.232	0.3651	0.597

muscle	0.039	0.0881	0.127

fat	1.053	0.8441	1.897

whole milk	0.131	0.0492	0.180

skim milk	0.021	0.0323	0.053

milk fat	-estimated as 12.5x the residue in whole milk (D249374, M.
Doherty,14-Jun-1999)	2.249

1  see D319957, T. Bloem, 24-Aug-2005 for derivation of this residue.

2  see D319959, T. Bloem, 2-Aug-2006 for derivation of this residue.

3  see attachment 1 for calculation.

III.  Water Data

Drinking water residues were incorporated directly into the acute and
chronic dietary analyses (“water, direct, all sources” and “water,
indirect, all sources”) and were provided by the Environmental Fate
and Effects Division (EFED).  EFED provided estimates for spinetoram
(D325409, L. Liu, 14-May-2007) and previously provided estimates for
spinosad (D331271, R. Parker, 28-July-2006).  EFED generated the surface
and ground water estimates using the FQPA Index Reservoir Screening Tool
(FIRST) and Screening Concentration In Ground Water (SCIGROW) models,
respectively.  Table 7 is a summary of the modeled water concentrations.
 Based on these estimates, the chronic analysis assumed a water residue
estimate of 10.5 ppb.  The models and their description are available at
the EPA internet site:   HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/
oppefed1/models/water/"  http://www.epa.gov/ oppefed1/models/water/ .

Table 7:  Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations for
Spinosad/Spinetoram (ppb).

	Acute	Chronic	Long-term average

spinosad (turf application scenario; 4 x 0.4 lb ai/acre; RTI = 7 days;
87% of the watershed is treated)

surface	34.5	10.5	--

ground	1.1	1.1	1.1

spinetoram (turf and fire ant mound application; 1 x 0.454 lb ai/acre;
100% of the watershed is treated)

surface	14.419	6.171	--

ground	0.072	0.072	0.072

IV.  DEEM-FCID( Program and Consumption Information

 were conducted using DEEM-FCID™ (Version 2.03), which incorporates
consumption data from USDA’s CSFII, 1994-1996 and 1998.  The 1994-96,
98 data are based on the reported consumption of more than 20,000
individuals over two non-consecutive survey days.  Foods “as
consumed” (e.g., apple pie) are linked to EPA-defined food commodities
(e.g. apples, peeled fruit - cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour
- cooked; fresh or N/S, baked) using publicly available recipe
translation files developed jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA.  Consumption
data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within population
subgroups for chronic exposure assessment.

For chronic exposure and risk assessment, an estimate of the residue
level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the
food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average daily
consumption estimate for that food/food form.  The resulting residue
consumption estimate for each food/food form is summed with the residue
consumption estimates for all other food/food forms on the commodity
residue list to arrive at the total average estimated exposure. 
Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and as a percent of the
cPAD.  This procedure is performed for each population subgroup.

V.  Toxicological Information

HED concluded that spinosad and spinetoram are toxicologically
equivalent and that exposures to these compounds should be combined
(D340521, PV Shah, in draft).  The following is a summary of the dietary
endpoints chosen by HED for dietary risk assessment (see human-health
risk assessment for rationale; D331741, PV Shah et al., in draft). 
Based on the toxicological databases, the acceptable residue chemistry
and environmental fate databases, and the residue assumptions used in
the current assessment, HED concluded that the FQPA SF may be reduced to
1x.  

Table 8:  Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for
Spinosad/Spinetoram for Use in Dietary Exposure Assessment.

Exposure

Scenario	Dose Used in Risk

Assessment, UF1	FQPA SF and Endpoint for Risk Assessment	Study and
Toxicological Effects

Acute Dietary 

(gen. US pop. and all pop. subgroups)	No toxicological effect
attributable to a single dose identified. This risk assessment is not
required.

Chronic Dietary

(all populations)	Oral NOAEL = 2.49 mg/kg/day

UF1 = 100

cRfD = 0.0249 mg/kg/day	FQPA SF = 1x

cPAD = NOAEL ÷ (UF x FQPA SF) = 0.0249mg/kg/day	Chronic Toxicity Study
in Dogs;  LOAEL = M/F 5.36/5.83 mg/kg/day; based on arteritis and
necrosis of the arterial walls of the epididymides in males and the
thymus, thyroid, larynx, and urinary bladder in females.

Cancer	Classification:  Not likely to be carcinogen; cancer risk
assessment is not required

1  UF = uncertainty factor = intraspecies (10x) and interspecies (10x); 
uncertainty factor; since it has been established that rats are more
susceptible to thyroid effects than humans, the chronic interspecies UF
was reduced to 3x (see D328804, T. Bloem et al., 20-Nov-2001).

VI.  Results/Discussion

Acute and cancer analyses were not conducted as toxicological effects
attributable to a single dose were not identified and spinetoram and
spinosad are classified as not likely to be carcinogens (cancer risk
assessment is not required).  The chronic dietary analysis resulted in
exposure estimates of ≤81% cPAD (children 1-2 years old were the most
highly exposed population subgroup); therefore, chronic exposure to
spinetoram is not of concern to HED.  Table 9 is a summary of the
results of the chronic analysis.  

Table 9:  Summary of Chronic Dietary (food and water) Exposure and Risk
for Spinosad/Spinetoram.

Population Subgroup	cPAD (mg/kg/day)	Chronic

Exposure (mg/kg/day)	%cPAD

General U.S. Population	0.0249	0.008700	35

All Infants (< 1 year old)

0.008613	35

Children 1-2 years old

0.020099	81

Children 3-5 years old

0.017392	70

Children 6-12 years old

0.011431	46

Youth 13-19 years old

0.007562	30

Adults 20-49 years old

0.007461	30

Adults 50+ years old

0.007215	29

Females 13-49 years old

0.006893	28

VII.  Characterization of Inputs/Outputs

The chronic analysis is conservative in that it assumed DEEM (ver. 7.81)
default processing factors for the majority of the food commodities,
100% crop treated for all food crop commodities, and modeled drinking
water estimates which assumed 87% of the watershed is treated.  HED
notes that residues in livestock were refined through the incorporation
of a refined dietary burden (average feed crop residues and projected
percent crop or percent crop treated estimates for some feed
commodities) and through the incorporation of average milk residues from
the ruminant dermal magnitude of the residue study.  The following
additional refinements are possible:  

(1) Incorporation of combined spinosad and spinetoram percent crop
treated estimates for the food crop commodities (100% crop treated
currently assumed for all food crop commodities). 

(2) Refinement in the fish/shellfish residue estimates.  Fish/shellfish
are included as spinosad is currently registered for application as a
mosquito larvicide (direct application to water); the current
fish/shellfish residue estimates are based on a 489 ppb water
concentration which assumed an entire water body is treated, uniform 10
cm depth, and no inflow/outflow.

(3) Refinement in the beef/dairy/hog dietary burden estimates.  The hog
dietary burden estimate included AGFs as a feed item at 20% of the diet;
AGFs are no longer considered a feed commodity for hog (see OPPTS
860.1000 Table 1 Feedstuff Revisions; communication from J. Stokes,
HED).  The beef/dairy cattle dietary burden included average residues
for AGFs and/or sweet corn forage but assumed tolerance-level residues
for the remaining feed commodities.  Due to uncertainties concerning the
combined spinosad and spinetoram percent crop treated estimates and how
these estimates may change which commodities are included in the
beef/dairy/hog diets, HED concluded that refinement in these numbers was
not currently appropriate.

(4) Refinement in the poultry residue estimates (tolerance level
residues are currently assumed). 

VIII.  Conclusions

HED has concluded that spinosad and spinetoram are toxicologically
equivalent (D340521, PV Shah, in draft); therefore, as part of the
current assessment, exposures to these compounds were combined.  The
chronic dietary risk assessment was conducted using DEEM-FCID( (ver.
2.03).  DEEM-FCID( incorporates the USDA CSFII (1994-1996 and 1998). 
Acute and cancer analyses were not conducted as toxicological effects
attributable to a single dose were not identified and spinetoram and
spinosad are classified as not likely to be carcinogens (cancer risk
assessment is not required).  

 (≤81% cPAD; children 1-2 years old were the most highly exposed
subpopulation).

Attachment 1:  Residues in skim milk following dermal application. 

Attachment 2:  Spinosad SLUA and Projected combined Spinosad/Spinetoram
percent crop treated estimates.

Attachment 3:  DEEM-FCID( chronic residue file.

Attachment 4:  DEEM-FCID( chronic exposure estimates.

cc with all attachments: G. Larocca/B. Akinlosotu (RD; RM 13)

T. Bloem:S10945:PY1:(703)605-0217:7509P

Attachment 1:  Residues in skim milk following dermal application.

The table below is a summary of the whole milk and cream residue data
following dermal pour on treatment (2mg/kg) submitted in the dermal
magnitude of the residue study (45080605.der.wpd; pour on treatment
resulted in the highest residues).  The study did not provided
information concerning the magnitude of the residue in skim milk and did
not provide information concerning the mass of cream derived from a mass
of whole milk.  Since whole milk contains 4% milk fat and cream
typically contains 40% milk fat, it can be assumed that 100 grams of
whole milk yields 10 grams of cream and 90 grams of skim milk. 
Accepting this and assuming mass balance for spinosad residues, the skim
milk residue estimates presented below can be calculated (skim milk
residue = (whole milk residue x 100 - (cream residue x 10)) ÷ 90).  The
resulting average residue was multiplied by 0.23% to account for the
projected head treated for the dermal application scenario (D319957, T.
Bloem, 24-Aug-2005).

Estimated Residues in Skim Milk Following Dermal Treatment

Day	Residues (ppm; combined Spinosyn A and D)

	Whole Milk	Cream	Skim Milk

Day 1	0.027	0.062	0.023

Day 15	0.109	0.243	0.094

Day 29	0.206	0.781	0.142

Day 43	0.272	0.971	0.194

Day 57	0.328	1.071	0.245

average x 0.23	--	--	0.032

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON D.C., 20460

OFFICE OF 

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES AND 

TOXIC SUBSTANCES

MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT:	Combined Projected Percent Crop Treated for Insecticides
Spinetoram (new) and Spinosad (PC 110003) on Requested Crops

FROM:		Alan Halvorson, Economist

			Economic Analysis Branch

			Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)

			Angel Chiri, Team Leader

			Biological Analysis Branch

			Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)

TO:			Tom Bloem, Chemist

			Registration Action Branch 1

			Health Effects Division (7509P)

PRP Date:  

I.	SUMMARY

	This memorandum provides combined projected percent crops treated
(PPCT) estimates for insecticides spinetoram and spinosad on requested
crops (barley, field corn, sweet corn, oats, peanuts, dry peas/beans,
sorghum, soybeans, turnip greens and wheat).  The general methodology
used to produce these estimates is described in the recommended Federal
Register (FR) language, and an analysis of biological information
verifies and/or refines the projections.  After taking account of
biological information, BEAD has determined that there are no factors
that indicate that the actual combined PCTs for spinetoram and spinosad
on these several crops in the next five years will exceed the
corresponding estimated PPCTs for spinetoram and spinosad on these same
crops as given in Table 1 below.

II.	SPECIFIC PPCT REQUEST

	At the request of the Health Effects Division (HED), BEAD has estimated
the combined PPCTs for spinetoram and spinosad on barley, field corn,
sweet corn, oats, peanuts, dry peas/beans, sorghum, soybeans, turnip
greens and wheat for use in chronic dietary risk assessments and,
through this memo, is providing corresponding FR language.

III.	FR LANGUAGE FOR PROJECTED PERCENT CROP TREATED

EPA estimates an upper bound of projected percent crop treated (PPCT)
for a new pesticide use by assuming that its actual percent crop treated
(PCT) during the initial five years of use on a specific use site will
not exceed the recent PCT of the market leader (i.e., the one with the
greatest PCT) on that site.  EPA calls this the market leader PPCT
estimate.  In this specific case, the new use to be estimated is the
combined use of spinosad together with that of spinetoram since most new
use of spinetoram will likely replace previous use of spinosad. An
average market leader PCT, based on three recent surveys of pesticide
usage, if available, is used for chronic risk assessment.  The average
market leader PCT may be based on one or two survey years if three are
not available.  Also, with limited availability of data, the average
market leader PCT may be based on a cross-section of state PCTs. 
Comparisons are only made among pesticides of the same pesticide type
(i.e., the leading insecticide on the use site is selected for
comparison with the new insecticide), or, refined estimates, among
pesticides targeting the same pests.  The market leader PCTs used to
determine the average may be each for the same pesticide or for
different pesticides for any year since the same or different pesticides
may dominate for each year.  Typically, EPA uses U.S. Department of
Agriculture/National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA/NASS) as the
source for raw PCT data because it is publicly available. When a
specific use site is not surveyed by USDA/NASS, EPA uses other sources
including proprietary data.

  An estimated PPCT, based on the average PCT of the market leaders, is
appropriate for use in chronic dietary risk assessment.  This method of
estimating PPCT for a new use of a registered pesticide or a new
pesticide produces high-end estimate that is unlikely, in most cases, to
be exceeded during the initial five years of actual use.  Predominant
factors that bear on whether the PPCT could be exceeded may include PCTs
of similar chemistries, pests controlled by alternatives, pest
prevalence in the market and other factors.  All relevant information
currently available for predominant factors has been considered for the
combined use of spinetoram and spinosad on each of these several crops. 
It is the opinion of BEAD that it is unlikely that actual combined PCTs
for spinetoram and spinosad will exceed the corresponding estimated
PPCTs during the next five years.

IV.	PROJECTIONS BASED ON MARKET LEADER APPROACH 

The PPCTs for the combined use of spinosad and spinetoram for chronic
risk assessment were determined using the market leader approach for
barley, field corn, fresh sweet corn, process sweet corn, oats, peanuts,
dry peas/beans, sorghum, soybeans, turnip green, durum wheat, other
Spring wheat and Winter wheat.  For turnip greens, the PCTs of market
leaders were averaged over states rather than years because only one
year of data was available.  See Table 1 for these projections, as well
as their methodology and data sources. Table 1

Spinosad plus Spinetoram Projected Percent Crop Treated (PPCT) on
Requested Crops

Crop	Leading/Projected Insecticide(s)	Year	PCT

Barley	Disulfoton	Circa 1997 	1%

	All insecticides together	1998	<1%

	Carbofuran, disulfoton, lambda-cyhalothrin, methyl-parathion	2003	<0.5%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	1%

Corn, field (a)	Clothianidin	2004 - 2006	1%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	1%

Corn, sweet (b)	Lambda-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin	2004 - 2006	36%-43%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	39%

Oats	Carbaryl	Circa 1997	<1%

	Carbaryl	1998	1%

	Lambda-cyhalothrin	2005	<0.5%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	1%

Peanuts	Aldicarb	1991	31%

	Aldicarb	1999	32%

	Aldicarb	2004	27%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	30%

Peas/beans, dry	Dimethoate	2004-06	7%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	7%

Sorghum	Carbofuran	1991	5%

	Chlorpyrifos	1998	5%

	Terbufos	2003	4%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	5%

Soybeans	Lambda-cyhalothrin	2002	2%

	Lambda-cyhalothrin	2005	6%

	Lambda-cyhalothrin	2006	6%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	5%

Turnip greens	Carbaryl in AR	2000	40%

	Bt in NC	2000	58%

	Bt in SC	2000	52%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	50%

Wheat, durum	All insecticides together	1991	6%

	No insecticides estimated	2004	<2%(*)

	No insecticides estimated	2006	<1%(*)

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	3%

Wheat, other Spring	Dimethoate, methyl parathion	1998	2%

	Chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, zeta-cypermethrin	2004	<0.5%

	Dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin	2006	<0.5%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	1%

Wheat, Winter	Zeta-cypermethrin	2002	4%

	Chlorpyrifos	2004	3%

	Chlorpyrifos	2006	2%

	Spinosad + spinetoram	Projected	3%

Note 1:  For all crops, except field corn and sweet corn, leading
insecticides are selected from all insecticides used on the crop.  See
below for method used for field corn and sweet corn.

(a) For field corn, leading insecticides are selected from those
targeted at Fall armyworm (AW), southern AW, misc. AW, corn earworm,
European corn borer, southwestern corn borer and/or western bean cutworm
(based on proposed Delegate WG Section 3 label information).

(b) For sweet corn, leading insecticides are selected from those
targeted at beet AW, Fall AW, southern AW, misc. AW, corn earworm,
European corn borer, and/or western bean cutworm (based on proposed
Delegate WG Section 3 label information).

Note 2:  The listing of more than one insecticide for a given year means
that each was among the leading insecticides (with approximately the
same PCT).

Note 3:  Projected PCTs are 3-year averages of given historical PCT data
(except the PPCT for turnip greens is a 3-year average over states
because of deficient years of data).

(*) PCT for durum wheat estimated to be less than smallest herbicide PCT
given.  USDA indicated that there were not enough reports to estimate
any individual insecticide.  

Sources –

USDA/NASS, Agricultural Chemical Usage, Field Crops Summaries, data for
1991, 1998-99, 2002-06

USDA/NASS, Agricultural Chemical Usage, Vegetables Summaries, data for
2000, 2002, 2004

EPA proprietary data, 2004-06

National Center for Food & Agricultural Policy (NCFAP), National
Pesticide Use Database, data for circa 1997

V.	ADDITIONAL BIOLOGICAL FACTORS

Spinosad and spinetoram are closely related biopesticides that are
produced through the fermentation of the soil actinomycete
Saccharopolyspora spinosa.  These chemicals act on pests both on contact
and upon ingestion and have a residual activity of several days.  With
minor exceptions, the proposed spinetoram uses are the same as the
registered uses for spinosad, both in terms of crops and target pests. 
Both are narrow spectrum insecticides, their activity being mainly
limited to some Lepidoptera larvae in the family Noctuidae and, to a
lesser extent, in the family Pyralidae.  Spinosad, by itself, does not
appear to have any special niches and was not identified as a market
leader for any of these uses.  As far as BEAD was able to determine,
there are no Section 18 uses for spinosad.  Thus, it is unlikely that
the market leader will be exceeded for any of the uses proposed for
either spinosad or the spinosad analog, spinetoram.  See Table 2. 

Table 2

Likelihood that Proposed New Uses will Exceed Projected Percent Crop
Treated Estimates for Spinosad + Spinetoram on Requested Crops

New use	Market leader	Market leader likely to be exceeded?	Comments

Barley	Disulfoton	N/A	- Spinosad and Spinetoram are used to control some
caterpillars (armyworms, corn earworm, southwestern corn borer, web
worm) and the cereal leaf beetle on this crop.  However, caterpillars
are minor pests of barley.

- Disulfoton use on barley is being discontinued and its tolerances
revoked.  

	Carbofuran, lambda-cyhalothrin, or methyl parathion 	No	- Carbofuran is
a carbamate insecticide that controls grasshoppers on barley.

- Lambda-cyhalothrin is a pyrethroid that controls the Russian wheat
aphid and cereal leaf beetles.

- Methyl parathion is a wide-spectrum OP insecticide used against stink
bugs, grain and wheat mites, grasshoppers, leafhoppers, chinch bugs,
armyworms, and other insects.      

Corn, field	Clothianidin	No	- Spinosad and spinetoram control European
corn borer, armyworms, and other caterpillars on field and sweet corn.

- Clothianidin is a neonicotinoid insecticide that is registered for
seed treatment use to provide early season control of  corn rootworm,
southern corn billbug, chinch bug, corn flea beetle, corn leaf aphid,
black cutworm, seedcorn maggot, southern corn leaf beetle, southern
green stinkbug, white grub, thrips, and wireworm.

Corn, sweet, fresh 	Lambda-cyhalothrin	No	- Spinosad/spinetoram (see
field corn)

- Lambda-cyhalothrin is a broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide that is
used on corn to control numerous arthropod pests in several families.

	Bifenthrin	No	- Bifenthrin is a broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide
that is used as at-plant and as foliar applications for the control of a
wide variety of arthropod pests.    

Oats	Carbaryl	No	- Spinosad and Spinetoram are used against noctuid
caterpillars (armyworms, corn earworm, southwestern corn borer, web
worm) and cereal leaf beetles.  Caterpillars are minor pests of oats.

- Carbaryl is a broad-spectrum carbamate insecticide used to control
grasshoppers and crickets on oats.  Both insects are sporadic pests, but
when abundant can devastate cereal crops is some oats-producing states. 

	Lambda-cyhalothrin	N/A	Not registered for use on oats.

Peanuts

	Aldicarb	No	- Spinosad and spinetoram control several caterpillars on
peanuts.

- Aldicarb is a carbamate that controls early season thrips and
nematodes on this crop.   

Peas/beans, dry	Dimethoate	No	- Spinosad and spinetoram control
armyworms, corn earworm, loopers, European corn borer, leafminers, and
thrips on dry beans and peas.

- Dimethoate is a broad-spectrum OP insecticide used to control mites,
aphids, leafhoppers, lygus bugs, grasshoppers, leaf beetles, and Mexican
bean beetle.  

Sorghum

	Carbofuran	No	- Spinosad and spinetoram control cereal leaf beetles,
armyworms, corn earworm, webworms, and southwestern corn borer on
sorghum. 

- Carbofuran is a systemic carbamate insecticide used to control chinch
bugs, aphids, greenbug, seedcorn maggot, and wireworms on this crop. 

	Chlorpyrifos	No	- Chlorpyrifos is a broad-spectrum OP insecticide that
controls grasshoppers, sorghum midge, aphids, chinch bug, lesser
cornstalk borer, webworms, armyworms, corn earworm, cutworms, and the
European and southwestern corn borer.      

	Terbufos	No	- Terbufos is a broad-spectrum systemic OP insecticide and
nematicide that can be applied both at and after planting.  It is used
to control aphids, corn rootworms, wireworms, white grubs, chinch bugs,
and nematodes. 

Soybeans	Lambda-cyhalothrin	No	- Spinosad and spinetoram control various
caterpillars on soybeans.  

- Lambda-cyhalothrin is a broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide that is
used to control numerous lepidopterous and non-lepidopterous insects.   

Turnip greens

	Carbaryl in AR	No	- Spinosad and spinetoram control various
caterpillars on turnip greens, including the diamond back moth, cabbage
looper, imported cabbageworm, armyworms, leafminers, and thrips.  In
2006, Dow AgroSciences voluntarily cancelled the use of spinosad on
leafy Brassica greens in the state of Georgia because of confirmed
resistance to this insecticide in the diamondback moth, a key pest of
cole crops.   

- Carbaryl is registered for use on turnip greens and other cole crops
for control of ants, earwigs, springtails, centipedes, millipedes,
crickets, grasshoppers, sowbugs, and cutworms.   

	BT in NC, SC	No	Bt is a narrow spectrum biopesticide that is specific
to certain caterpillars.  In addition, it is slow-acting, has a short
(less than one day) residual activity, and must be ingested by the pest
to cause death. 

Wheat, durum	All insecticides	No	- Spinosad and Spinetoram are used to
control armyworms, corn earworm, southewestern corn borer, web worm, and
cereal leaf beetle on wheat. 

Wheat, other spring

	Dimethoate or methyl parathion	No	- Dimethoate is an OP insecticide
that controls aphids, wheat midge, grasshoppers, and brown wheat mite.

- Methyl parathion is an OP insecticide that controls armyworms, stink
bugs, aphids, grasshoppers, and the wheat midge. 

	Lambda cyhalothrin 	No	- Lambda-cyhalothrin is a broad-spectrum
pyrethroid insecticide that is used to control about 20 lepidopterous
and non-lepidopterous insects on wheat.    

Wheat, winter	Zeta-cypermethrin	No	- Zeta-cypermethrin is a
broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide that is used to control over 20
lepidopterous and non-lepidopterous insects on wheat.    

	Chlorpyrifos	No	- Chlorpyrifos is an OP insecticide that is use to
controls aphids, mites, grasshoppers, wheat midge, and cereal leaf
beetle on wheat.       

VI. 	CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS

BEAD recommends that the given PPCTs in Table 1 be used in the chronic
dietary risk assessment for combined spinetoram and spinosad.  BEAD has
considered all information currently available and believes it is
unlikely that the above PPCTs will be exceeded during the next five
years.

 Attachment 3:  DEEM-FCID( chronic residue file.

Filename: C:\Documents and Settings\tbloem\XDE-175\110008c.R98

Chemical: spinosad

RfD(Chronic): .0249 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Chronic): 2.49 mg/kg bw/day

RfD(Acute): 0 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Acute):  0 mg/kg bw/day

Date created/last modified: 09-11-2007/10:03:10/8          Program ver.
2.03

Comment: 10x interspecies; 10x intraspecies; 1x FQPA SF

------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------

  EPA    Crop                                   Def Res     Adj.Factors 
 Comment

  Code    Grp  Commodity Name                    (ppm)       #1    #2   

-------- ---- -------------------------------  ----------  ------ ------
 -------

95000010 O    Acerola                            1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

95000060 O    Amaranth, grain                    1.000000   1.000  1.000
 

95000160 O    Artichoke, globe                   0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95000190 O    Asparagus                          0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

95000200 O    Avocado                            0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95000220 O    Bamboo, shoots                     0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95000230 O    Banana                             0.084000   1.000  1.000
 

95000231 O    Banana-babyfood                    0.084000   1.000  1.000
 

95000240 O    Banana, dried                      0.084000   3.900  1.000
 

95000241 O    Banana, dried-babyfood             0.084000   3.900  1.000
 

95000540 O    Belgium endive                     0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95000600 O    Breadfruit                         0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95000730 O    Cactus                             0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95000740 O    Canistel                           0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95000770 O    Carob                              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95000890 O    Cherimoya                          0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95001090 O    Cocoa bean, chocolate              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001100 O    Cocoa bean, powder                 0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001110 O    Coconut, meat                      0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001111 O    Coconut- meat-babyfood             0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001120 O    Coconut, dried                     0.020000   2.100  1.000
 

95001130 O    Coconut, milk                      0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001140 O    Coconut, oil                       0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001141 O    Coconut, oil-babyfood              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001150 O    Coffee, roasted bean               0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001160 O    Coffee, instant                    0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001280 O    Cottonseed, oil                    0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95001281 O    Cottonseed, oil-babyfood           0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95001300 O    Cranberry                          0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95001301 O    Cranberry-babyfood                 0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95001310 O    Cranberry, dried                   0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95001320 O    Cranberry, juice                   0.040000   1.100  1.000
 

95001321 O    Cranberry, juice-babyfood          0.040000   1.100  1.000
 

95001410 O    Date                               0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001510 O    Feijoa                             0.050000   1.000  1.000
 

95001530 O    Fig                                0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

95001540 O    Fig, dried                         0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

95001750 O    Grape                              0.150000   1.000  1.000
 

95001760 O    Grape, juice                       0.150000   3.410  1.000
 

95001761 O    Grape, juice-babyfood              0.150000   3.410  1.000
 

95001770 O    Grape, leaves                      0.150000   1.000  1.000
 

95001780 O    Grape, raisin                      0.150000   4.300  1.000
 

95001790 O    Grape, wine and sherry             0.150000   3.410  1.000
 

95001830 O    Guava                              0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95001831 O    Guava-babyfood                     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95001860 O    Honey                              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001861 O    Honey-babyfood                     0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001880 O    Hop                               22.000000   1.000  1.000
 

95001920 O    Jaboticaba                         0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95001930 O    Jackfruit                          0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95001950 O    Kiwifruit                          0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002090 O    Longan                             0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002110 O    Lychee                             0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002120 O    Lychee, dried                      0.300000   1.850  1.000
 

95002140 O    Mamey apple                        0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002150 O    Mango                              0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002151 O    Mango-babyfood                     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002160 O    Mango, dried                       0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002170 O    Mango, juice                       0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002171 O    Mango, juice-babyfood              0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002180 O    Maple, sugar                       0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002190 O    Maple syrup                        0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002270 O    Mulberry                           0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002280 O    Mushroom                           0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002350 O    Olive                              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002360 O    Olive, oil                         0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002430 O    Palm heart, leaves                 0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002440 O    Palm, oil                          0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002441 O    Palm, oil-babyfood                 0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002450 O    Papaya                             0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002451 O    Papaya-babyfood                    0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002460 O    Papaya, dried                      0.300000   1.800  1.000
 

95002470 O    Papaya, juice                      0.300000   1.500  1.000
 

95002520 O    Passionfruit                       0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002521 O    Passionfruit-babyfood              0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002530 O    Passionfruit, juice                0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002531 O    Passionfruit, juice-babyfood       0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95002540 O    Pawpaw                             0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002630 O    Peanut                             0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95002640 O    Peanut, butter                     0.040000   1.890  1.000
 

95002650 O    Peanut, oil                        0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

95002750 O    Peppermint                         3.500000   1.000  1.000
 

95002760 O    Peppermint, oil                    3.500000   1.000  1.000
 

95002770 O    Persimmon                          0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002780 O    Pine nut                           0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002790 O    Pineapple                          0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002791 O    Pineapple-babyfood                 0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95002800 O    Pineapple, dried                   0.020000   5.000  1.000
 

95002810 O    Pineapple, juice                   0.020000   1.700  1.000
 

95002811 O    Pineapple, juice-babyfood          0.020000   1.700  1.000
 

95002830 O    Plantain                           0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

95002840 O    Plantain, dried                    0.250000   3.900  1.000
 

95002890 O    Pomegranate                        0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003060 O    Psyllium, seed                     0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003110 O    Quinoa, grain                      0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003330 O    Sapote, Mamey                      0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95003350 O    Seaweed                            0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003351 O    Seaweed-babyfood                   0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003360 O    Sesame, seed                       0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003361 O    Sesame, seed-babyfood              0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003370 O    Sesame, oil                        0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003371 O    Sesame, oil-babyfood               0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003460 O    Soursop                            0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95003510 O    Spanish lime                       0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95003520 O    Spearmint                          3.500000   1.000  1.000
 

95003530 O    Spearmint, oil                     3.500000   1.000  1.000
 

95003580 O    Starfruit                          0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95003590 O    Strawberry                         0.235000   1.000  1.000
 

95003591 O    Strawberry-babyfood                0.235000   1.000  1.000
 

95003600 O    Strawberry, juice                  0.235000   1.000  1.000
 

95003601 O    Strawberry, juice-babyfood         0.235000   1.000  1.000
 

95003610 O    Sugar apple                        0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

95003620 O    Sugarcane, sugar                   0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003621 O    Sugarcane, sugar-babyfood          0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003630 O    Sugarcane, molasses                0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003631 O    Sugarcane, molasses-babyfood       0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003680 O    Tamarind                           0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003720 O    Tea, dried                         0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003730 O    Tea, instant                       0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003800 O    Tomato, Tree                       0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

95003900 O    Vinegar                            0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

86010000 O    Water, direct, all sources         0.010500   1.000  1.000
 

86011000 O    Water, direct, tap                 0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86012000 O    Water, direct, bottled             0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86013000 O    Water, direct, other               0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86014000 O    Water, direct, source-NS           0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86020000 O    Water, indirect, all sources       0.010500   1.000  1.000
 

86021000 O    Water, indirect, tap               0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86022000 O    Water, indirect, bottled           0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86023000 O    Water, indirect, other             0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

86024000 O    Water, indirect, source-NS         0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

95003970 O    Water chestnut                     0.000000   1.000  1.000
 

95003980 O    Watercress                         8.000000   1.000  1.000
 

21000440 M    Beef, meat                         0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

21000441 M    Beef, meat-babyfood                0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

21000450 M    Beef, meat, dried                  0.127000   1.920  1.000
 

21000460 M    Beef, meat byproducts              0.419000   1.000  1.000
 

21000461 M    Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.419000   1.000  1.000
 

21000470 M    Beef, fat                          1.897000   1.000  1.000
 

21000471 M    Beef,fat-babyfood                  1.897000   1.000  1.000
 

21000480 M    Beef, kidney                       0.419000   1.000  1.000
 

21000490 M    Beef, liver                        0.597000   1.000  1.000
 

21000491 M    Beef, liver-babyfood               0.597000   1.000  1.000
 

23001690 M    Goat, meat                         0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

23001700 M    Goat, meat byproducts              0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

23001710 M    Goat, fat                          1.897000   1.000  1.000
 

23001720 M    Goat, kidney                       0.419000   1.000  1.000
 

23001730 M    Goat, liver                        0.597000   1.000  1.000
 

24001890 M    Horse, meat                        0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

28002210 M    Meat, game                         0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

25002900 M    Pork, meat                         0.314000   1.000  1.000
 

25002901 M    Pork, meat-babyfood                0.314000   1.000  1.000
 

25002910 M    Pork, skin                         3.518000   1.000  1.000
 

25002920 M    Pork, meat byproducts              1.052000   1.000  1.000
 

25002921 M    Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood     1.052000   1.000  1.000
 

25002930 M    Pork, fat                          3.518000   1.000  1.000
 

25002931 M    Pork, fat-babyfood                 3.518000   1.000  1.000
 

25002940 M    Pork, kidney                       1.052000   1.000  1.000
 

25002950 M    Pork, liver                        1.357000   1.000  1.000
 

29003120 M    Rabbit, meat                       0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

26003390 M    Sheep, meat                        0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

26003391 M    Sheep, meat-babyfood               0.127000   1.000  1.000
 

26003400 M    Sheep, meat byproducts             0.419000   1.000  1.000
 

26003410 M    Sheep, fat                         1.897000   1.000  1.000
 

26003411 M    Sheep, fat-babyfood                1.897000   1.000  1.000
 

26003420 M    Sheep, kidney                      0.419000   1.000  1.000
 

26003430 M    Sheep, liver                       0.597000   1.000  1.000
 

40000930 P    Chicken, meat                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

40000931 P    Chicken, meat-babyfood             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

40000940 P    Chicken, liver                     0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

40000950 P    Chicken, meat byproducts           0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

40000951 P    Chicken, meat byproducts-babyfoo   0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

40000960 P    Chicken, fat                       1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

40000961 P    Chicken, fat-babyfood              1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

40000970 P    Chicken, skin                      1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

40000971 P    Chicken, skin-babyfood             1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

70001450 P    Egg, whole                         0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

70001451 P    Egg, whole-babyfood                0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

70001460 P    Egg, white                         0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

70001461 P    Egg, white (solids)-babyfood       0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

70001470 P    Egg, yolk                          0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

70001471 P    Egg, yolk-babyfood                 0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

60003010 P    Poultry, other, meat               0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

60003020 P    Poultry, other, liver              0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

60003030 P    Poultry, other, meat byproducts    0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

60003040 P    Poultry, other, fat                1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

60003050 P    Poultry, other, skin               1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

50003820 P    Turkey, meat                       0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

50003821 P    Turkey, meat-babyfood              0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

50003830 P    Turkey, liver                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

50003831 P    Turkey, liver-babyfood             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

50003840 P    Turkey, meat byproducts            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

50003841 P    Turkey, meat byproducts-babyfood   0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

50003850 P    Turkey, fat                        1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

50003851 P    Turkey, fat-babyfood               1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

50003860 P    Turkey, skin                       1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

50003861 P    Turkey, skin-babyfood              1.300000   1.000  1.000
 

80001570 F    Fish-freshwater finfish           12.500000   1.000  1.000
 

80001580 F    Fish-freshwater finfish, farm ra  12.500000   1.000  1.000
 

80001590 F    Fish-saltwater finfish, tuna      12.500000   1.000  1.000
 

80001600 F    Fish-saltwater finfish, other     12.500000   1.000  1.000
 

80001610 F    Fish-shellfish, crustacean        12.500000   1.000  1.000
 

80001620 F    Fish-shellfish, mollusc           12.500000   1.000  1.000
 

27002220 D    Milk, fat                          2.249000   1.000  1.000
 

27002221 D    Milk, fat - baby food/infant for   2.249000   1.000  1.000
 

27012230 D    Milk, nonfat solids                0.180000   1.000  1.000
 

27012231 D    Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in   0.180000   1.000  1.000
 

27022240 D    Milk, water                        0.053000   1.000  1.000
 

27022241 D    Milk, water-babyfood/infant form   0.053000   1.000  1.000
 

27032251 D    Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/   0.180000   1.000  1.000
 

01030150 1CD  Arrowroot, flour                   0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01030151 1CD  Arrowroot, flour-babyfood          0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01030170 1CD  Artichoke, Jerusalem               0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010500 1AB  Beet, garden, roots                0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010501 1AB  Beet, garden, roots-babyfood       0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010520 1A   Beet, sugar                        0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010521 1A   Beet, sugar-babyfood               0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010530 1A   Beet, sugar, molasses              0.750000   1.000  1.000
 

01010531 1A   Beet, sugar, molasses-babyfood     0.750000   1.000  1.000
 

01010670 1AB  Burdock                            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010780 1AB  Carrot                             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010781 1AB  Carrot-babyfood                    0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010790 1AB  Carrot, juice                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01030820 1CD  Cassava                            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01030821 1CD  Cassava-babyfood                   0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01010840 1AB  Celeriac                           0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01011000 1AB  Chicory, roots                     0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01031390 1CD  Dasheen, corm                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01031660 1CD  Ginger                             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01031661 1CD  Ginger-babyfood                    0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01031670 1CD  Ginger, dried                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01011680 1AB  Ginseng, dried                     0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01011900 1AB  Horseradish                        0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01012500 1AB  Parsley, turnip rooted             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01012510 1AB  Parsnip                            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01012511 1AB  Parsnip-babyfood                   0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01032960 1C   Potato, chips                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01032970 1C   Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)     0.100000   6.500  1.000
 

01032971 1C   Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)-b   0.100000   6.500  1.000
 

01032980 1C   Potato, flour                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01032981 1C   Potato, flour-babyfood             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01032990 1C   Potato, tuber, w/peel              0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01032991 1C   Potato, tuber, w/peel-babyfood     0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01033000 1C   Potato, tuber, w/o peel            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01033001 1C   Potato, tuber, w/o peel-babyfood   0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01013140 1AB  Radish, roots                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01013160 1AB  Radish, Oriental, roots            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01013270 1AB  Rutabaga                           0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01013310 1AB  Salsify, roots                     0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01033660 1CD  Sweet potato                       0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01033661 1CD  Sweet potato-babyfood              0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01033710 1CD  Tanier, corm                       0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01033870 1CD  Turmeric                           0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01013880 1AB  Turnip, roots                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01034060 1CD  Yam, true                          0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

01034070 1CD  Yam bean                           0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

02000510 2    Beet, garden, tops                10.000000   1.000  1.000
 

02001010 2    Chicory, tops                     10.000000   1.000  1.000
 

02001400 2    Dasheen, leaves                   10.000000   1.000  1.000
 

02003150 2    Radish, tops                      10.000000   1.000  1.000
 

02003170 2    Radish, Oriental, tops            10.000000   1.000  1.000
 

02003320 2    Salsify, tops                     10.000000   1.000  1.000
 

03001640 3    Garlic                             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

03001650 3    Garlic, dried                      0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

03001651 3    Garlic, dried-babyfood             0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

03001980 3    Leek                               0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

03002370 3    Onion, dry bulb                    0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

03002371 3    Onion, dry bulb-babyfood           0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

03002380 3    Onion, dry bulb, dried             0.100000   9.000  1.000
 

03002381 3    Onion, dry bulb, dried-babyfood    0.100000   9.000  1.000
 

03002390 3    Onion, green                       2.000000   1.000  1.000
 

03003380 3    Shallot                            0.100000   1.000  1.000
 

04010050 4A   Amaranth, leafy                    3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04010180 4A   Arugula                            3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04020760 4B   Cardoon                            1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04020850 4B   Celery                             1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04020851 4B   Celery-babyfood                    1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04020860 4B   Celery, juice                      1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04020870 4B   Celtuce                            1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04011040 4A   Chrysanthemum, garland             3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04011330 4A   Cress, garden                      3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04011340 4A   Cress, upland                      3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04011380 4A   Dandelion, leaves                  3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04011500 4A   Endive                             3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04021520 4B   Fennel, Florence                   1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04012040 4A   Lettuce, head                      0.756000   1.000  1.000
 

04012050 4A   Lettuce, leaf                      3.488000   1.000  1.000
 

04012480 4A   Parsley, leaves                    3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04013130 4A   Radicchio                          0.756000   1.000  1.000
 

04023220 4B   Rhubarb                            1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

04013550 4A   Spinach                            3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04013551 4A   Spinach-babyfood                   3.067000   1.000  1.000
 

04023670 4B   Swiss chard                        1.026000   1.000  1.000
 

05010610 5A   Broccoli                           0.313000   1.000  1.000
 

05010611 5A   Broccoli-babyfood                  0.313000   1.000  1.000
 

05010620 5A   Broccoli, Chinese                  0.313000   1.000  1.000
 

05020630 5B   Broccoli raab                      3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

05010640 5A   Brussels sprouts                   0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

05010690 5A   Cabbage                            0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

05020700 5B   Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy         3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

05010710 5A   Cabbage, Chinese, napa             0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

05010720 5A   Cabbage, Chinese, mustard          0.313000   1.000  1.000
 

05010830 5A   Cauliflower                        0.313000   1.000  1.000
 

05021170 5B   Collards                           3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

05021940 5B   Kale                               3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

05011960 5A   Kohlrabi                           0.081000   1.000  1.000
 

05022290 5B   Mustard greens                     3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

05023180 5B   Rape greens                        3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

05023890 5B   Turnip, greens                     3.506000   1.000  1.000
 

06030300 6C   Bean, black, seed                  0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06020310 6B   Bean, broad, succulent             0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030320 6C   Bean, broad, seed                  0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06020330 6B   Bean, cowpea, succulent            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030340 6C   Bean, cowpea, seed                 0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030350 6C   Bean,  great northern, seed        0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030360 6C   Bean, kidney, seed                 0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06020370 6B   Bean, lima, succulent              0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030380 6C   Bean, lima, seed                   0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030390 6C   Bean, mung, seed                   0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030400 6C   Bean, navy, seed                   0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030410 6C   Bean, pink, seed                   0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030420 6C   Bean, pinto, seed                  0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06010430 6A   Bean, snap, succulent              0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

06010431 6A   Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

06030980 6C   Chickpea, seed                     0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030981 6C   Chickpea, seed-babyfood            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06030990 6C   Chickpea, flour                    0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06031820 6C   Guar, seed                         0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06031821 6C   Guar, seed-babyfood                0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06032030 6C   Lentil, seed                       0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06022550 6B   Pea, succulent                     0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06022551 6B   Pea, succulent-babyfood            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06032560 6C   Pea, dry                           0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06032561 6C   Pea, dry-babyfood                  0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06012570 6A   Pea, edible podded, succulent      0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

06032580 6C   Pea, pigeon, seed                  0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06022590 6B   Pea, pigeon, succulent             0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003470 6    Soybean, seed                      0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003480 6    Soybean, flour                     0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003481 6    Soybean, flour-babyfood            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003490 6    Soybean, soy milk                  0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003491 6    Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in   0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003500 6    Soybean, oil                       0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

06003501 6    Soybean, oil-babyfood              0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

08001480 8    Eggplant                           0.054000   1.000  1.000
 

08002340 8    Okra                               0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

08002700 8    Pepper, bell                       0.054000   1.000  1.000
 

08002701 8    Pepper, bell-babyfood              0.054000   1.000  1.000
 

08002710 8    Pepper, bell, dried                0.054000   1.000  1.000
 

08002711 8    Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood       0.054000   1.000  1.000
 

08002720 8    Pepper, nonbell                    0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

08002721 8    Pepper, nonbell-babyfood           0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

08002730 8    Pepper, nonbell, dried             0.110000   1.000  1.000
 

08003740 8    Tomatillo                          0.041000   1.000  1.000
 

08003750 8    Tomato                             0.041000   1.000  1.000
 

08003751 8    Tomato-babyfood                    0.041000   1.000  1.000
 

08003760 8    Tomato, paste                      0.041000   5.400  1.000
 

08003761 8    Tomato, paste-babyfood             0.041000   5.400  1.000
 

08003770 8    Tomato, puree                      0.041000   3.300  1.000
 

08003771 8    Tomato, puree-babyfood             0.041000   3.300  1.000
 

08003780 8    Tomato, dried                      0.041000  14.300  1.000
 

08003781 8    Tomato, dried-babyfood             0.041000  14.300  1.000
 

08003790 8    Tomato, juice                      0.041000   1.500  1.000
 

09020210 9B   Balsam pear                        0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09010750 9A   Cantaloupe                         0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09010800 9A   Casaba                             0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09020880 9B   Chayote, fruit                     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09021020 9B   Chinese waxgourd                   0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09021350 9B   Cucumber                           0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09011870 9A   Honeydew melon                     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09023080 9B   Pumpkin                            0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09023090 9B   Pumpkin, seed                      0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09023560 9B   Squash, summer                     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09023561 9B   Squash, summer-babyfood            0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09023570 9B   Squash, winter                     0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09023571 9B   Squash, winter-babyfood            0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09013990 9A   Watermelon                         0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

09014000 9A   Watermelon, juice                  0.300000   1.000  1.000
 

10001060 10   Citrus citron                      0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10001070 10   Citrus hybrids                     0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10001080 10   Citrus, oil                        0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10001800 10   Grapefruit                         0.057000   1.000  1.000
 

10001810 10   Grapefruit, juice                  0.057000   2.100  1.000
 

10001970 10   Kumquat                            0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10001990 10   Lemon                              0.068000   1.000  1.000
 

10002000 10   Lemon, juice                       0.068000   2.000  1.000
 

10002001 10   Lemon, juice-babyfood              0.068000   2.000  1.000
 

10002010 10   Lemon, peel                        0.068000   1.000  1.000
 

10002060 10   Lime                               0.068000   1.000  1.000
 

10002070 10   Lime, juice                        0.068000   2.000  1.000
 

10002071 10   Lime, juice-babyfood               0.068000   2.000  1.000
 

10002400 10   Orange                             0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10002410 10   Orange, juice                      0.085000   1.800  1.000
 

10002411 10   Orange, juice-babyfood             0.085000   1.800  1.000
 

10002420 10   Orange, peel                       0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10003070 10   Pummelo                            0.057000   1.000  1.000
 

10003690 10   Tangerine                          0.085000   1.000  1.000
 

10003700 10   Tangerine, juice                   0.085000   2.300  1.000
 

11000070 11   Apple, fruit with peel             0.026000   1.000  1.000
 

11000080 11   Apple, peeled fruit                0.026000   1.000  1.000
 

11000081 11   Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood       0.026000   1.000  1.000
 

11000090 11   Apple, dried                       0.026000   8.000  1.000
 

11000091 11   Apple, dried-babyfood              0.026000   8.000  1.000
 

11000100 11   Apple, juice                       0.026000   1.300  1.000
 

11000101 11   Apple, juice-babyfood              0.026000   1.300  1.000
 

11000110 11   Apple, sauce                       0.026000   1.000  1.000
 

11000111 11   Apple, sauce-babyfood              0.026000   1.000  1.000
 

11001290 11   Crabapple                          0.026000   1.000  1.000
 

11002100 11   Loquat                             0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002660 11   Pear                               0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002661 11   Pear-babyfood                      0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002670 11   Pear, dried                        0.200000   6.250  1.000
 

11002680 11   Pear, juice                        0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11002681 11   Pear, juice-babyfood               0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

11003100 11   Quince                             0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000120 12   Apricot                            0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000121 12   Apricot-babyfood                   0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000130 12   Apricot, dried                     0.200000   6.000  1.000
 

12000140 12   Apricot, juice                     0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000141 12   Apricot, juice-babyfood            0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000900 12   Cherry                             0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000901 12   Cherry-babyfood                    0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12000910 12   Cherry, juice                      0.200000   1.500  1.000
 

12000911 12   Cherry, juice-babyfood             0.200000   1.500  1.000
 

12002300 12   Nectarine                          0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002600 12   Peach                              0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002601 12   Peach-babyfood                     0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002610 12   Peach, dried                       0.200000   7.000  1.000
 

12002611 12   Peach, dried-babyfood              0.200000   7.000  1.000
 

12002620 12   Peach, juice                       0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002621 12   Peach, juice-babyfood              0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002850 12   Plum                               0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002851 12   Plum-babyfood                      0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002860 12   Plum, prune, fresh                 0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002861 12   Plum, prune, fresh-babyfood        0.200000   1.000  1.000
 

12002870 12   Plum, prune, dried                 0.200000   5.000  1.000
 

12002871 12   Plum, prune, dried-babyfood        0.200000   5.000  1.000
 

12002880 12   Plum, prune, juice                 0.200000   1.400  1.000
 

12002881 12   Plum, prune, juice-babyfood        0.200000   1.400  1.000
 

13010550 13A  Blackberry                         0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13010560 13A  Blackberry, juice                  0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13010561 13A  Blackberry, juice-babyfood         0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13020570 13B  Blueberry                          0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13020571 13B  Blueberry-babyfood                 0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13010580 13A  Boysenberry                        0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13021360 13B  Currant                            0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13021370 13B  Currant, dried                     0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13011420 13A  Dewberry                           0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13021490 13B  Elderberry                         0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13021740 13B  Gooseberry                         0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13021910 13B  Huckleberry                        0.250000   1.000  1.000
 

13012080 13A  Loganberry                         0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13013200 13A  Raspberry                          0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13013201 13A  Raspberry-babyfood                 0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13013210 13A  Raspberry, juice                   0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

13013211 13A  Raspberry, juice-babyfood          0.700000   1.000  1.000
 

14000030 14   Almond                             0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000031 14   Almond-babyfood                    0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000040 14   Almond, oil                        0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000041 14   Almond, oil-babyfood               0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000590 14   Brazil nut                         0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000680 14   Butternut                          0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000810 14   Cashew                             0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14000920 14   Chestnut                           0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14001550 14   Filbert                            0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14001560 14   Filbert, oil                       0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14001850 14   Hickory nut                        0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14002130 14   Macadamia nut                      0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14002690 14   Pecan                              0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14002820 14   Pistachio                          0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

14003910 14   Walnut                             0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

15000250 15   Barley, pearled barley             0.652000   1.000  1.000
 

15000251 15   Barley, pearled barley-babyfood    0.652000   1.000  1.000
 

15000260 15   Barley, flour                      0.652000   1.000  1.000
 

15000261 15   Barley, flour-babyfood             0.652000   1.000  1.000
 

15000270 15   Barley, bran                       0.652000   1.000  1.000
 

15000650 15   Buckwheat                          1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15000660 15   Buckwheat, flour                   1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15001200 15   Corn, field, flour                 0.510000   0.220  1.000
 

15001201 15   Corn, field, flour-babyfood        0.510000   0.220  1.000
 

15001210 15   Corn, field, meal                  0.510000   0.260  1.000
 

15001211 15   Corn, field, meal-babyfood         0.510000   0.260  1.000
 

15001220 15   Corn, field, bran                  0.510000   1.000  1.000
 

15001230 15   Corn, field, starch                0.510000   0.010  1.000
 

15001231 15   Corn, field, starch-babyfood       0.510000   0.010  1.000
 

15001240 15   Corn, field, syrup                 0.510000   1.500  1.000
 

15001241 15   Corn, field, syrup-babyfood        0.510000   1.500  1.000
 

15001250 15   Corn, field, oil                   0.510000   1.200  1.000
 

15001251 15   Corn, field, oil-babyfood          0.510000   1.200  1.000
 

15001260 15   Corn, pop                          0.510000   1.000  1.000
 

15001270 15   Corn, sweet                        0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

15001271 15   Corn, sweet-babyfood               0.040000   1.000  1.000
 

15002260 15   Millet, grain                      1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15002310 15   Oat, bran                          0.495000   1.000  1.000
 

15002320 15   Oat, flour                         0.495000   1.000  1.000
 

15002321 15   Oat, flour-babyfood                0.495000   1.000  1.000
 

15002330 15   Oat, groats/rolled oats            0.495000   1.000  1.000
 

15002331 15   Oat, groats/rolled oats-babyfood   0.495000   1.000  1.000
 

15003230 15   Rice, white                        0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003231 15   Rice, white-babyfood               0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003240 15   Rice, brown                        0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003241 15   Rice, brown-babyfood               0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003250 15   Rice, flour                        0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003251 15   Rice, flour-babyfood               0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003260 15   Rice, bran                         0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003261 15   Rice, bran-babyfood                0.664000   1.000  1.000
 

15003280 15   Rye, grain                         1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15003290 15   Rye, flour                         1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15003440 15   Sorghum, grain                     1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15003450 15   Sorghum, syrup                     1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15003810 15   Triticale, flour                   1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15003811 15   Triticale, flour-babyfood          1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

15004010 15   Wheat, grain                       0.551000   1.000  1.000
 

15004011 15   Wheat, grain-babyfood              0.551000   1.000  1.000
 

15004020 15   Wheat, flour                       0.551000   0.340  1.000
 

15004021 15   Wheat, flour-babyfood              0.551000   0.340  1.000
 

15004030 15   Wheat, germ                        0.551000   0.720  1.000
 

15004040 15   Wheat, bran                        0.551000   1.000  1.000
 

15004050 15   Wild rice                          1.500000   1.000  1.000
 

19010280 19A  Basil, fresh leaves                1.200000   1.000  1.000
 

19010281 19A  Basil, fresh leaves-babyfood       1.200000   1.000  1.000
 

19010290 19A  Basil, dried leaves               13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19010291 19A  Basil, dried leaves-babyfood      13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19011030 19A  Chive                             13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19021050 19B  Cinnamon                           1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

19021051 19B  Cinnamon-babyfood                  1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

19011180 19A  Coriander, leaves                  8.000000   1.000  1.000
 

19011181 19A  Coriander, leaves-babyfood         8.000000   1.000  1.000
 

19021190 19B  Coriander, seed                    1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

19021191 19B  Coriander, seed-babyfood           1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

19021430 19B  Dill, seed                         1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

19011440 19A  Dillweed                          13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19011840 19A  Herbs, other                      13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19011841 19A  Herbs, other-babyfood             13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19012020 19A  Lemongrass                        13.920000   1.000 
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19012491 19A  Parsley, dried leaves-babyfood    13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19022740 19B  Pepper, black and white            0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

19022741 19B  Pepper, black and white-babyfood   0.020000   1.000  1.000
 

19013340 19A  Savory                            13.920000   1.000  1.000
 

19023540 19B  Spices, other                      1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

19023541 19B  Spices, other-babyfood             1.700000   1.000  1.000
 

Attachment 4:  DEEM-FCID( chronic exposure estimates.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                
Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for SPINOSAD                         (1994-98
data)

Residue file name: C:\Documents and Settings\tbloem\XDE-175\110008c.R98

                                                     Adjustment factor
#2 used.

Analysis Date 09-11-2007/10:05:35     Residue file dated:
09-11-2007/10:05:06/8

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .0249 mg/kg bw/day

COMMENT 1: 10x interspecies; 10x intraspecies; 1x FQPA SF

========================================================================
=======

                    Total exposure by population subgroup

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

                                                    Total Exposure

                                        
-----------------------------------

          Population                         mg/kg             Percent
of   

           Subgroup                       body wt/day             Rfd   
   

--------------------------------------   -------------      
---------------

U.S. Population (total)                     0.008700               
34.9%

U.S. Population (spring season)             0.009119               
36.6%

U.S. Population (summer season)             0.008737               
35.1%

U.S. Population (autumn season)             0.008500               
34.1%

U.S. Population (winter season)             0.008450               
33.9%

Northeast region                            0.009646               
38.7%

Midwest region                              0.008180               
32.9%

Southern region                             0.008164               
32.8%

Western region                              0.009260               
37.2%

Hispanics                                   0.008759               
35.2%

Non-hispanic whites                         0.008174               
32.8%

Non-hispanic blacks                         0.009889               
39.7%

Non-hisp/non-white/non-black                0.013807               
55.4%

All infants (< 1 year)                      0.008613               
34.6%

Nursing infants                             0.003479               
14.0%

Non-nursing infants                         0.010562               
42.4%

Children 1-6  yrs                           0.017726               
71.2%

Children 7-12 yrs                           0.010973               
44.1%

Females 13-19 (not preg or nursing)         0.006678               
26.8%

Females 20+ (not preg or nursing)           0.006971               
28.0%

Females 13-50 yrs                           0.007204               
28.9%

Females 13+ (preg/not nursing)              0.006639               
26.7%

Females 13+ (nursing)                       0.007555               
30.3%

Males 13-19 yrs                             0.008419               
33.8%

Males 20+ yrs                               0.007805               
31.3%

Seniors 55+                                 0.007158               
28.7%

Children 1-2 yrs                            0.020099               
80.7%

Children 3-5 yrs                            0.017392               
69.8%

Children 6-12 yrs                           0.011431               
45.9%

Youth 13-19 yrs                             0.007562               
30.4%

Adults 20-49 yrs                            0.007461               
30.0%

Adults 50+ yrs                              0.007215               
29.0%

Females 13-49 yrs                           0.006893               
27.7%

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------

Spinetoram and Spinosad	Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment	D337531

Page   PAGE  9  of   NUMPAGES  33