Document ID: EPA-HQ-OW-2013-0469-0016
Agency: epa
Document Type: Rule
Title: Uniform National Discharge Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces-Phase II Batch One
Posted Date: 2017-01-11T05:00Z

[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 7 (Wednesday, January 11, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 3173-3185]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-00153]

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

40 CFR Part 1700

[EPA-HQ-OW-2013-0469; FRL-9957-85-OW]
RIN 2040-AD39

Uniform National Discharge Standards for Vessels of the Armed 
Forces--Phase II Batch One

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Defense.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. 
Department of Defense (DoD) are promulgating discharge performance 
standards for 11 discharges incidental to the normal operation of a 
vessel of the Armed Forces into the navigable waters of the United 
States, the territorial seas, and the contiguous zone. When 
implemented, the discharge performance standards will reduce the 
adverse environmental impacts associated with the vessel discharges, 
stimulate the development of improved vessel pollution control devices, 
and advance the development of environmentally sound vessels of the 
Armed Forces. The 11 discharges addressed by the final rule are the 
following: aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), chain locker effluent, 
distillation and reverse osmosis brine, elevator pit effluent, gas 
turbine water wash, non-oily machinery wastewater, photographic 
laboratory drains, seawater cooling overboard discharge, seawater 
piping biofouling prevention, small boat engine wet exhaust, and 
welldeck discharges.

DATES: This final rule is effective on February 10, 2017.

ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under 
Docket No. EPA-HQ-OW-2013-0469. All documents in the docket are listed 
on the http://regulations.gov Web site. The complete public record for 
this rulemaking, including responses to comments received during the 
rulemaking, can be found under Docket No. EPA-HQ-OW-2013-0469.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Katherine B. Weiler, Marine Pollution 
Control Branch (4504T), U.S. EPA, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., 
Washington, DC 20460; (202) 566-1280; weiler.katherine@epa.gov, or Mike 
Pletke, Chief of Naval Operations (N45), 2000 Navy Pentagon (Rm 2D253), 
Washington, DC 20350-2000; (703) 695-5184; mike.pletke@navy.mil.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 
I. General Information
    A. Legal Authority for the Final Rule
    B. Purpose of the Final Rule
    C. What vessels are regulated by the final rule?
    D. What is the geographic scope of the final rule?
    E. Rulemaking Process
    F. Summary of Public Outreach and Consultation With Federal 
Agencies, States, Territories, and Tribes
    G. Supporting Documentation
II. UNDS Performance Standards Development
    A. Nature of the Discharge

[[Page 3174]]

    B. Environmental Effects
    C. Cost, Practicability, and Operational Impacts
    D. Applicable U.S. and International Law
    E. Definitions
III. UNDS Performance Standards
    A. Aqueous Film-Forming Foam
    B. Chain Locker Effluent
    C. Distillation and Reverse Osmosis Brine
    D. Elevator Pit Effluent
    E. Gas Turbine Water Wash
    F. Non-Oily Machinery Wastewater
    G. Photographic Laboratory Drains
    H. Seawater Cooling Overboard Discharge
    I. Seawater Piping Biofouling Prevention
    J. Small Boat Engine Wet Exhaust
    K. Welldeck Discharges
IV. Additional Information in the Final Rule
V. Key Changes and Improvements Since the Proposed Rule
    A. Public Comment
    B. Endangered Species Act (ESA) Consultation
    C. Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) Consistency Determination
    D. Development of Performance Standards in Batches
    E. Revisions to Definitions and Standards
VI. Related Acts of Congress and Executive Orders
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and 
Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
    B. Paperwork Reduction Act
    C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
    D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)
    E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With 
Indian Tribal Governments
    G. Coastal Zone Management Act
    H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children from 
Environmental Health and Safety Risks
    I. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
    J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
    K. Endangered Species Act
    L. Executive Order 13112: Invasive Species
    M. Executive Order 13089: Coral Reef Protection
    N. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address 
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income 
Populations
    O. Congressional Review Act

I. General Information

A. Legal Authority for the Final Rule

    The EPA and DoD promulgate this rule under the authority of Clean 
Water Act (CWA) section 312 (33 U.S.C. 1322). Section 325 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act of 1996 (``NDAA''), entitled 
``Discharges from Vessels of the Armed Forces'' (Pub. L. 104-106, 110 
Stat. 254), amended CWA section 312, to require the Administrator of 
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Administrator) and the 
Secretary of Defense of the U.S. Department of Defense (Secretary) to 
develop uniform national standards to control certain discharges 
incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces. The 
term Uniform National Discharge Standards, or UNDS, is used in this 
preamble to refer to the provisions in CWA section 312(a)(12) through 
(14) and (n) (33 U.S.C. 1322(a)(12) through (14) and (n)).

B. Purpose of the Final Rule

    UNDS are intended to enhance the operational flexibility of vessels 
of the Armed Forces domestically and internationally, stimulate the 
development of innovative vessel pollution control technology, and 
advance the development of environmentally sound ships. Section 
312(n)(3)(A) of the CWA requires the EPA and DoD to promulgate uniform 
national discharge standards for certain discharges incidental to the 
normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces (CWA section 
312(a)(12)), unless the Secretary finds that compliance with UNDS would 
not be in the national security interests of the United States (CWA 
section 312(n)(1)).
    This rule amends title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 
1700 to establish discharge performance standards for 11 discharges 
incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces from 
among the 25 discharges for which the EPA and DoD previously determined 
(64 FR 25126, May 10, 1999) that it is reasonable and practicable to 
require a marine pollution control device (MPCD). The 11 discharges 
addressed by this rule are the following: Aqueous film-forming foam; 
chain locker effluent; distillation and reverse osmosis brine; elevator 
pit effluent; gas turbine water wash; non-oily machinery wastewater; 
photographic laboratory drains; seawater cooling overboard discharge; 
seawater piping biofouling prevention; small boat engine wet exhaust; 
and welldeck discharges.
    These discharge performance standards do not become enforceable 
until after promulgation of a final rule, as well as promulgation of 
regulations by DoD under CWA section 312(n)(5)(C) to govern the design, 
construction, installation, and use of a MPCD.
    UNDS do not apply to the following discharges from vessels of the 
Armed Forces: Overboard discharges of rubbish, trash, garbage, or other 
such materials; sewage; air emissions resulting from the operation of a 
vessel propulsion system, motor-driven equipment, or incinerator; or 
discharges that require permitting under the National Pollutant 
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program, including operational 
discharges and other discharges that are not incidental to the normal 
operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces.

C. What vessels are regulated by the final rule?

    The final rule applies to vessels of the Armed Forces. For the 
purposes of the rulemaking, the term ``vessel of the Armed Forces'' is 
defined at CWA section 312(a)(14). ``Vessel of the Armed Forces'' means 
any vessel owned or operated by the U.S. Department of Defense (i.e., 
U.S. Navy, Military Sealift Command, U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Army, and 
U.S. Air Force), other than a time- or voyage-chartered vessel, as well 
as any U.S. Coast Guard vessel designated by the Secretary of the 
Department in which the U.S. Coast Guard is operating. The preceding 
list is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for 
the reader regarding the vessels of the Armed Forces to be regulated by 
the final rule. The final rule does not apply to commercial vessels; 
private vessels; vessels owned or operated by state, local, or tribal 
governments; vessels under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of 
Engineers; certain vessels under the jurisdiction of the U.S. 
Department of Transportation; vessels preserved as memorials and 
museums; vessels under construction; vessels in drydock; amphibious 
vehicles; and, as noted above, time- or voyage-chartered vessels. For 
answers to questions regarding the applicability of this action to a 
particular vessel, consult one of the contacts listed in the FOR 
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

D. What is the geographic scope of the final rule?

    This rule is applicable to discharges from a vessel of the Armed 
Forces operating in the navigable waters of the United States, 
territorial seas, and the contiguous zone (CWA section 1322(n)(8)(A)). 
The rule applies in both fresh and marine waters and can include bodies 
of water such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. Together, the preamble 
refers to these waters as ``waters subject to UNDS.''
    Sections 502(7), 502(8), and 502(9) of the CWA define the term 
``navigable waters,'' ``territorial seas,'' and ``contiguous zone,'' 
respectively. The term ``navigable waters'' means waters of the United 
States including the territorial seas, where the United States includes 
the states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto

[[Page 3175]]

Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth 
of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territories of the 
Pacific Islands. The term ``territorial seas'' means the belt of seas 
that generally extends three miles seaward from the line of ordinary 
low water along the portion of the coast in direct contact with the 
open sea and the line marking the seaward limit of inland waters. The 
term ``contiguous zone'' means the entire zone established or to be 
established by the United States under Article 24 of the Convention of 
the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone. Generally, the contiguous 
zone extends seaward for the next nine miles (i.e., from three to 12 
miles from the U.S. coastline). The final rule is not applicable 
seaward of the contiguous zone.

E. Rulemaking Process

    The UNDS rulemaking is a joint rulemaking between the EPA and DoD 
and is under development in three phases. The first two phases reflect 
joint rulemaking between the EPA and DoD; the third phase is a DoD-only 
rule.
Phase I
    The EPA and DoD promulgated the Phase I regulations on May 10, 1999 
(64 FR 25126), and these existing regulations are codified at 40 CFR 
part 1700. During Phase I, the EPA and DoD identified the discharges 
incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces for 
which it is reasonable and practicable to require control with a MPCD 
to mitigate potential adverse impacts on the marine environment (CWA 
section 312(n)(2)), as well as those discharges for which it is not. 
Section 312(a)(13) of the CWA defines a MPCD as any equipment or 
management practice, for installation or use on a vessel of the Armed 
Forces, that is designed to receive, retain, treat, control, or 
discharge a discharge incidental to the normal operation of a vessel; 
and determined by the Administrator and the Secretary to be the most 
effective equipment or management practice to reduce the environmental 
impacts of the discharge consistent with the considerations set forth 
by UNDS.
    During Phase I, the EPA and DoD identified the following 25 
discharges as requiring control with a MPCD: Aqueous film-forming foam; 
catapult water brake tank and post-launch retraction exhaust; chain 
locker effluent; clean ballast; compensated fuel ballast; controllable 
pitch propeller hydraulic fluid; deck runoff; dirty ballast; 
distillation and reverse osmosis brine; elevator pit effluent; firemain 
systems; gas turbine water wash; graywater; hull coating leachate; 
motor gasoline and compensating discharge; non-oily machinery 
wastewater; photographic laboratory drains; seawater cooling overboard 
discharge; seawater piping biofouling prevention; small boat engine wet 
exhaust; sonar dome discharge; submarine bilgewater; surface vessel 
bilgewater/oil-water separator effluent; underwater ship husbandry; and 
welldeck discharges (40 CFR 1700.4).
    During Phase I, the EPA and DoD identified the following 14 
discharges as not requiring control with a MPCD: Boiler blowdown; 
catapult wet accumulator discharge; cathodic protection; freshwater 
layup; mine countermeasures equipment lubrication; portable damage 
control drain pump discharge; portable damage control drain pump wet 
exhaust; refrigeration/air conditioning condensate; rudder bearing 
lubrication; steam condensate; stern tube seals and underwater bearing 
lubrication; submarine acoustic countermeasures launcher discharge; 
submarine emergency diesel engine wet exhaust; and submarine outboard 
equipment grease and external hydraulics.
    As of the effective date of the Phase I rule (June 9, 1999), 
neither states nor political subdivisions of states may adopt or 
enforce any state or local statutes or regulations with respect to the 
14 discharges that were identified as not requiring control, except to 
establish no-discharge zones (CWA sections 312(n)(6)(A) and 312(n)(7)). 
However, section 312(n)(5)(D) of the CWA authorizes a Governor of any 
state to submit a petition to the EPA and DoD and requesting the re-
evaluation of a prior determination that a MPCD is required for a 
particular discharge (40 CFR 1700.4) or that a MPCD is not required for 
a particular discharge (40 CFR 1700.5), if there is significant new 
information not considered previously, that could reasonably result in 
a change to the determination (CWA section 312(n)(5)(D) and 40 CFR 
1700.11).
Phase II
    Section 312(n)(3) of the CWA provides for Phase II and requires the 
EPA and DoD to develop federal discharge performance standards for each 
of the 25 discharges identified in Phase I as requiring control. In 
doing so, the EPA and DoD are required to consult with the Department 
in which the U.S. Coast Guard is operating, the Secretary of Commerce, 
interested states, the Secretary of State, and other interested federal 
agencies. In promulgating Phase II discharge performance standards, CWA 
section 312(n)(2)(B) directs the EPA and DoD to consider seven factors: 
The nature of the discharge; the environmental effects of the 
discharge; the practicability of using the MPCD; the effect that 
installation or use of the MPCD would have on the operation or the 
operational capability of the vessel; applicable U.S. law; applicable 
international standards; and the economic costs of installation and use 
of the MPCD. Section 312(n)(3)(C) of the CWA further provides that the 
EPA and DoD may establish discharge standards that (1) distinguish 
among classes, types, and sizes of vessels; (2) distinguish between new 
and existing vessels; and (3) provide for a waiver of applicability of 
standards as necessary or appropriate to a particular class, type, age, 
or size of vessel.
    The EPA and DoD developed a process to establish the Phase II 
discharge performance standards in three batches (three separate 
rulemakings). The first batch of discharge performance standards was 
proposed on February 3, 2014 (79 FR 6117) and addressed 11 of the 25 
discharges identified as requiring control (64 FR 25126). A notice of 
proposed rulemaking for the second batch of discharge performance 
standards was published on October 7, 2016 (81 FR 69753) and addressed 
11 additional discharges identified as requiring control (64 FR 25126). 
The third batch of discharge performance standards that will address 
the remaining three discharges will be proposed in a separate rule.
    In developing the Phase II discharge performance standards, the EPA 
and DoD reference the 2013 NPDES Vessel General Permit and the 2014 
NPDES Small Vessel General Permit (hereinafter referred to collectively 
as the NPDES VGPs) as the baseline for each comparable discharge 
incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces (78 
FR 21938, April 12, 2013 and 79 FR 53702, September 10, 2014). The 
NPDES VGPs provide for CWA authorization of discharges incidental to 
the normal operation of non-military and non-recreational vessels 
extending to the outer reach of the three-mile territorial sea as 
defined in CWA section 502(8). The NPDES VGPs include effluent limits 
that are based on both the technology available to treat pollutants 
(i.e., technology-based effluent limitations), and limits that would be 
protective of the designated uses of the receiving waters (i.e., water 
quality-based effluent limits), including both non-numeric and numeric 
limitations. Additional information on NPDES permitting can

[[Page 3176]]

be found on-line at http://www.epa.gov/npdes/.
    Using the NPDES VGPs as a baseline for developing the performance 
standards for discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel 
of the Armed Forces allowed the EPA and DoD to maximize the use of the 
EPA's scientific and technical work developed to support the NPDES 
VGPs. The NPDES VGPs technology-based and water quality-based effluent 
limitations were then adapted, as appropriate, for the relevant 
discharges from vessels of the Armed Forces.
Phase III
    Phase III of UNDS requires DoD, in consultation with the EPA and 
the Secretary of the Department in which the U.S. Coast Guard is 
operating, within one year of finalization of the Phase II standards, 
to promulgate regulations governing the design, construction, 
installation, and use of MPCDs necessary to meet the discharge 
performance standards. DoD will implement the Phase III regulations 
under the authority of the Secretary as a DoD publication. The Phase 
III regulations will be publicly released and are expected to be made 
available on the Defense Technical Information Center Web site: http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/. Similar to Phase II, Phase III will be 
promulgated in three batches.
    Following the effective date of regulations under Phase III, it 
will be unlawful for a vessel of the Armed Forces to operate within 
waters subject to UNDS if the vessel is not equipped with a MPCD that 
meets the Phase II standards (CWA section 312 (n)(7)). It also will be 
unlawful for a vessel of the Armed Forces to discharge a regulated UNDS 
discharge into an UNDS no-discharge zone (i.e., waters where a 
prohibition on a discharge has been established) (CWA section 
312(n)(8)). Any person in violation of this requirement shall be liable 
to a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each violation (CWA 
section 312(j)). The Secretary of the Department in which the U.S. 
Coast Guard is operating shall enforce these provisions and may utilize 
law enforcement officers, EPA personnel and facilities, other federal 
agencies, or the states to carry out these provisions. States may also 
enforce these provisions (CWA section 312(k) and (n)(9)).
    In addition, as of the effective date of the Phase III regulations, 
neither a state nor political subdivision a of state may adopt or 
enforce any state or local statute or regulation with respect to 
discharges identified as requiring control, except to establish no-
discharge zones (CWA section 312(n)(6)). CWA section 312(n)(7) provides 
for the establishment of no-discharge zones either (1) by state 
prohibition after application and a determination by the EPA, or (2) 
directly by EPA prohibition. The Phase I UNDS regulations established 
the criteria and procedures for establishing UNDS no-discharge zones 
(40 CFR 1700.9 and 40 CFR 1700.10).
    If a state determines that the protection and enhancement of the 
quality of some or all of its waters require greater environmental 
protection, the state may prohibit one or more discharges incidental to 
the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces, whether treated 
or not, into those waters (40 CFR 1700.9). A state prohibition does not 
apply until after the Administrator determines that (1) the protection 
and enhancement of the quality of the specified waters within the state 
require a prohibition of the discharge into the waters; (2) adequate 
facilities for the safe and sanitary removal of the discharge 
incidental to the normal operation of a vessel are reasonably available 
for the waters to which the prohibition would apply; and (3) the 
prohibition will not have the effect of discriminating against a vessel 
of the Armed Forces by reason of the ownership or operation by the 
federal government, or the military function, of the vessel (40 CFR 
1700.9(b)(2)).
    Alternatively, a state may request that the EPA prohibit, by 
regulation, the discharge of one or more discharges incidental to the 
normal operation of a vessel of the Armed Forces, whether treated or 
not, into specified waters within a state (40 CFR 1700.10). In this 
case, the EPA would make a determination that the protection and 
enhancement of the quality of the specified waters requires a 
prohibition of the discharge. As with the application of a state 
prohibition described above, the Administrator would need to determine 
that (1) the protection and enhancement of the quality of the specified 
waters within the state require a prohibition of the discharge into the 
waters; (2) adequate facilities for the safe and sanitary removal of 
the discharge incidental to the normal operation of a vessel are 
reasonably available for the waters to which the prohibition would 
apply; and (3) the prohibition will not have the effect of 
discriminating against a vessel of the Armed Forces by reason of the 
ownership or operation by the federal government, or the military 
function, of the vessel (40 CFR 1700.9(b)(2)). The EPA may not, 
however, disapprove a state application for this latter type of 
prohibition for the sole reason that there are not adequate facilities 
for the safe and sanitary removal of such discharges (CWA section 
312(n)(7)(B)(ii) and 40 CFR 1700.10(b)).
    The statute also requires the EPA and DoD to review the 
determinations and standards every five years and, if necessary, to 
revise them based on significant new information. Specifically, CWA 
section 312(n)(5)(A) and (B) contain provisions for reviewing and 
modifying both of the following determinations: (1) Whether control 
should be required for a particular discharge, and (2) the substantive 
standard of performance for a discharge for which control is required. 
A Governor also may petition the Administrator and the Secretary to 
review a UNDS determination or standard if there is significant new 
information, not considered previously, that could reasonably result in 
a change to the determination or standard (CWA section 312(n)(5)(D) and 
40 CFR 1700.11).

F. Summary of Public Outreach and Consultation With Federal Agencies, 
States, Territories, and Tribes

    During the development of the rule, the EPA and DoD consulted with 
other federal agencies, states, and tribes regarding the reduction of 
adverse environmental impacts associated with discharges from vessels 
of the Armed Forces; development of innovative vessel pollution control 
technology; and advancement of environmentally sound vessels of the 
Armed Forces. In addition, the EPA and DoD reviewed comments on the 
NPDES VGPs.

G. Supporting Documentation

    This rule is supported by ``Technical Development Document (TDD) 
Phase I Uniform National Discharge Standards (UNDS) for Vessels of the 
Armed Forces,'' the UNDS Phase I rules, the ``Final 2013 Vessel General 
Permit for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation of Vessels 
(VGP),'' the ``Vessel General Permit (VGP) Fact Sheet,'' the ``Final 
Small Vessel General Permit for Discharges Incidental to the Normal 
Operation of Vessels Less Than 79 Feet (sVGP),'' the ``Small Vessel 
General Permit (sVGP) Fact Sheet,'' the ``Economics and Benefits 
Analysis of the Final 2013 Vessel General Permit (VGP),'' the 
``Economics and Benefits Analysis of the Final 2013 Small Vessel 
General Permit (sVGP),'' the ``February 2014 Uniform National Discharge 
Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces--Phase II,'' the ``Report to

[[Page 3177]]

Congress: Study of Discharges Incidental to Normal Operation of 
Commercial Fishing Vessels and Other Non-Recreational Vessels Less than 
79 Feet,'' the ``Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants,'' the 
``Biological Evaluation for the Uniform National Discharge Standards 
(UNDS) Program Phase II Batch One,'' and the ``National Consistency 
Determination: Uniform National Discharge Standards (UNDS) Program for 
Phase II Batch One Discharges.'' These documents are available from the 
EPA Water Docket, Docket No. EPA-HQ-OW-2013-0469 (Email: ow-docket@epa.gov; Phone Number: (202) 566-2426; Mail: Water Docket, Mail 
Code: 2822-IT, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20460; or 
Online: http://www.regulations.gov). The NPDES VGPs background 
documents also are available online: https://www.epa.gov/npdes/vessels.

II. UNDS Performance Standards Development

    During the development of the discharge performance standards, the 
EPA and DoD analyzed the information from the Phase I of UNDS, 
considered the relevant language in the NPDES VGPs effluent 
limitations, and took into the consideration the seven statutory 
factors listed in CWA section 312(n)(2)(B). These seven statutory 
factors are: The nature of the discharge; the environmental effects of 
the discharge; the practicability of using the MPCD; the effect that 
installation or use of the MPCD would have on the operation or 
operational capability of the vessel; applicable U.S. law; applicable 
international standards; and the economic costs of the installation and 
use of the MPCD. The EPA and DoD determined that the NPDES VGPs 
effluent limitations, which include technology-based and water quality-
based effluent limitations, provide a sound basis to serve as a 
baseline for developing the discharge performance standards for the 11 
discharges in this rule. The subsections below outline the EPA and 
DoD's approach to considering the seven statutory factors listed in CWA 
section 312(n)(2)(B).

A. Nature of the Discharge

    During Phase I, the EPA and DoD gathered information on the 
discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed 
Forces and developed nature of the discharge reports. The nature of the 
discharge reports discuss how the discharge is generated, volumes and 
frequencies of the generated discharge, where the discharge occurs, and 
the constituents present in the discharge. In addition, the EPA and DoD 
reviewed relevant discharge information in the supporting documentation 
of the NPDES VGPs. The EPA and DoD briefly describe the nature of each 
of the 11 discharges below; however, the complete nature of the 
discharge reports can be found in Appendix A of the Technical 
Development Document--EPA 821-R-99-001.

B. Environmental Effects

    Discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the 
Armed Forces have the potential to negatively impact the aquatic 
environment. The discharges contain a wide variety of constituents that 
have the potential to negatively impact aquatic species and habitats. 
These discharges can cause thermal pollution and can contain aquatic 
nuisance species (ANS), nutrients, bacteria and pathogens (e.g., E. 
coli and fecal coliforms), oil and grease, metals, most conventional 
pollutants (e.g., organic matter, bicarbonate, and suspended solids), 
and other toxic and non-conventional pollutants with toxic effects. 
While it is unlikely that these discharges would cause an acute or 
chronic exceedance of the EPA recommended water quality criteria across 
a large water body, these discharges have the potential to cause 
adverse environmental impacts on a more localized scale due to the end-
of-pipe nature of the discharges. For each of the 11 discharges below, 
the EPA and DoD discuss the constituents of concern released into the 
environment and potential water quality impacts. The discharge 
performance standards will reduce the discharge of constituents of 
concern and mitigate the environmental risks to the receiving waters.

C. Cost, Practicability, and Operational Impacts

    The universe of vessels of the Armed Forces affected by the rule 
encompasses more than 6,000 vessels distributed among the U.S. Navy, 
Military Sealift Command, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Army, U.S. Marine 
Corps, and U.S. Air Force. These vessels range in design and size from 
small boats with lengths of less than 20 feet for coastal operations, 
to aircraft carriers with lengths of over 1,000 feet for global 
operations. Approximately 80 percent of the vessels of the Armed Forces 
are less than 79 feet in length. Larger vessels (i.e., vessels with 
length greater than or equal to 79 feet) comprise 20 percent of the 
vessels of the Armed Forces. The EPA and DoD considered vessel class, 
type, and size when developing the discharge standards, as not all 
vessels of the Armed Forces have the same discharges. For more 
information on the various vessel classes, characteristics, and 
missions, see Appendix A.
    The EPA and DoD assessed the relative costs, practicability, and 
operational impacts of the rule by comparing current operating 
conditions and practices of vessels of the Armed Forces with the 
anticipated operating conditions and practices that will be required to 
meet the discharge performance standards. The EPA and DoD determined 
that the discharge performance standards applicable to operating 
conditions and practices for the 11 discharges will only result in a 
marginal increase in performance costs, practicability, and operational 
impacts.

D. Applicable U.S. and International Law

    The EPA and DoD reviewed U.S. laws and international standards that 
would be relevant to discharges incidental to the normal operation of a 
vessel of the Armed Forces. A number of U.S. environmental laws include 
specific provisions for federal facilities and properties that may 
result in different environmental requirements for federal and non-
federal entities. Similarly, many international treaties do not apply 
to vessels of the Armed Forces either because vessels of the Armed 
Forces are entitled to sovereign immunity under international law or 
because any particular treaty may apply different approaches to the 
adoption of appropriate environmental control measures consistent with 
the objects and purposes of such treaties. The EPA and DoD incorporated 
any relevant information in the development of the discharge standards 
after reviewing the requirements of the following treaties and domestic 
implementing legislation, as well as other relevant and potentially 
applicable U.S. environmental laws: International Convention for the 
Prevention of Pollution from Ships (also referred to as MARPOL); 
International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems 
on Ships; Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships; CWA section 311, as 
amended by the Oil Pollution Control Act of 1990; CWA section 402 and 
the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Vessel General 
Permit and small Vessel General Permit; Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, 
and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); Hazardous Materials Transportation Act; 
Title X of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2010; National Marine 
Sanctuaries Act; Antiquities Act of 1906; Resource Conservation and 
Recovery Act; Toxic

[[Page 3178]]

Substances Control Act; and the St. Lawrence Seaway Regulations.

E. Definitions

    The EPA and DoD added UNDS definitions to 40 CFR part 1700. 
Specifically, this rule defines the terms: Bioaccumulative; 
biodegradable; environmentally acceptable lubricants; federally-
protected waters; hazardous material; minimally-toxic; not 
bioaccumulative; person in charge; toxic materials; and waters subject 
to UNDS.

III. UNDS Performance Standards

    This section describes the performance standards determined to be 
reasonable and practicable to mitigate the adverse impacts to the 
marine environment for the 11 discharges. In developing these 
standards, the EPA and DoD considered the information from Phase I of 
UNDS, the NPDES VGPs effluent limitations, and the seven statutory 
factors listed in CWA section 312(n)(2)(B). For more information on 
each discharge included in this rule, please see the Phase I Uniform 
National Discharge Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces: Technical 
Development Document; EPA 821-R-99-001.
    The 11 discharge performance standards described in each section 
below apply to vessels of the Armed Forces operating within waters 
subject to UNDS, except as otherwise expressly excluded in the 
``exceptions'' in 40 CFR 1700.39. In addition, if two or more regulated 
discharge streams are combined prior to discharge, then the resulting 
discharge would need to meet the discharge performance standards 
applicable to each of the discharges that are being combined (40 CFR 
1700.40). Furthermore, recordkeeping (40 CFR 1700.41) and non-
compliance reporting (40 CFR 1700.42) apply generally to each discharge 
performance standard unless expressly provided in a particular 
discharge performance standard.

A. Aqueous Film-Forming Foam

    The EPA and DoD prohibit the discharge of AFFF (i.e., AFFF used 
during training, testing, or maintenance operations) for vessels that 
sail seaward of waters subject to UNDS at least once per month. For 
vessels that do not sail seaward of waters subject to UNDS at least 
once per month, discharges of fluorinated AFFF are prohibited and 
discharges of non-fluorinated or alternative foaming agent are 
prohibited in port or in or near federally-protected waters, and must 
occur as far from shore as possible.

B. Chain Locker Effluent

    The EPA and DoD require that all anchor chains from surface vessels 
(submarines are not subject to this requirement) must be carefully and 
thoroughly washed down (i.e., more than a cursory rinse) as they are 
being hauled out of the water to remove sediment and organisms. The EPA 
and DoD also require that all chain lockers must be cleaned 
periodically to eliminate accumulated sediments and any potential 
accompanying pollutants. The dates of all chain locker inspections must 
be recorded in the ship's log or other vessel recordkeeping 
documentation.
    In addition, the EPA and DoD prohibit the rinsing or pumping out of 
chain lockers for vessels that sail seaward of waters subject to UNDS 
at least once per month. For vessels that do not sail seaward of waters 
subject to UNDS at least once per month, the rinsing or pumping out of 
chain lockers must occur as far from shore as possible and, if 
technically feasible, must not occur in federally-protected waters.

C. Distillation and Reverse Osmosis Brine

    The EPA and DoD prohibit the discharge of the distillation and 
reverse osmosis brine and the discharge of reverse osmosis reject water 
if it comes in contact with machinery or industrial equipment (other 
than distillation or reverse osmosis machinery), toxic or hazardous 
materials, or wastes.

D. Elevator Pit Effluent

    The EPA and DoD prohibit the direct discharge of elevator pit 
effluent. Notwithstanding the prohibition of direct discharges of 
elevator pit effluent, elevator pit effluent can be discharged when 
commingled with another discharge for the purposes of treatment prior 
to discharge; under no circumstances may oils, including oily mixtures, 
be discharged from that combined discharge in quantities that cause a 
film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of the water or 
adjoining shorelines, or cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited 
beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining shorelines, or 
contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 1664a or 
other appropriate method for determination of oil content as accepted 
by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., International 
Organization for Standardization (ISO) Method 9377) or U.S. Coast 
Guard, or are otherwise harmful to the public health or welfare of the 
United States.

E. Gas Turbine Water Wash

    The EPA and DoD prohibit the direct discharge of gas turbine water 
wash. To the greatest extent practicable, gas turbine water wash must 
be collected separately and disposed of onshore in accordance with any 
applicable solid waste and hazardous substance management and disposal 
requirements. Notwithstanding the prohibition of direct discharges of 
gas turbine water wash overboard, if gas turbine water wash is 
commingled with any other discharge for the purposes of treatment prior 
to discharge, then under no circumstances may oils, including oily 
mixtures, be discharged from that combined discharge in quantities that 
cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of the water 
or adjoining shorelines, or cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited 
beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining shorelines, or 
contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 1664a or 
other appropriate method for determination of oil content as accepted 
by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO Method 
9377) or U.S. Coast Guard, or are otherwise harmful to the public 
health or welfare of the United States.

F. Non-Oily Machinery Wastewater

    The EPA and DoD require that discharges of non-oily machinery 
wastewater must not contain any additives that are toxic or 
bioaccumulative in nature. In addition, under no circumstances may 
oils, including oily mixtures be discharged in quantities that cause a 
film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of the water or 
adjoining shorelines, or cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited 
beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining shorelines, or 
contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 1664a or 
other appropriate method for determination of oil content as accepted 
by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO Method 
9377) or U.S. Coast Guard, or otherwise are harmful to the public 
health or welfare of the United States.

G. Photographic Laboratory Drains

    The EPA and DoD prohibit the discharge of photographic laboratory 
drain effluent.

H. Seawater Cooling Overboard Discharge

    The EPA and DoD require that non-contact engine cooling water, 
hydraulic system cooling water, refrigeration cooling water, and other 
seawater cooling overboard discharges be

[[Page 3179]]

minimized, to the greatest extent practicable, when the vessel is in 
port. In addition, the standard provides for the reduction in 
production and discharge of seawater cooling overboard by urging the 
use of shore power in port if: (1) Shore power is readily available; 
(2) shore-based power supply systems are capable of providing the 
needed electricity; and (3) the vessel is equipped to connect to shore-
based power. Specifically, the EPA and DoD require that, for vessels 
that are less than 79 feet in length, fouling organisms must be removed 
from seawater piping on a regular basis and the discharge of such 
removed organisms is prohibited. For vessels that are greater than or 
equal to 79 feet in length, maintenance of all piping and seawater 
cooling systems must meet the requirements of 40 CFR 1700.32 (Seawater 
Piping Biofouling Prevention) and fouling organisms removed from 
seawater piping must not be discharged. Submarines have suction 
clearing procedures, which must be performed for vessel safety 
purposes; therefore, submarines are not required to meet these 
operational removal requirements.

I. Seawater Piping Biofouling Prevention

    The EPA and DoD require a performance standard for seawater piping 
biofouling prevention that minimizes, to the greatest extent 
practicable, the amount of biofouling chemicals (e.g., chlorine) used 
to keep fouling under control. Fouling organisms must be removed from 
seawater piping on a regular basis. Fouling organisms removed during a 
cleaning event are prohibited from being discharged. For all vessels, 
except submarines, the discharge of fouling organisms removed during 
cleanings is prohibited.
    Lastly, this performance standard requires practices consistent 
with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) (7 
U.S.C. 136 et seq.) registration requirements for chemicals used to 
control biofouling of seawater piping, and prohibits the discharge of 
pesticides or chemicals banned for use in the United States.

J. Small Boat Engine Wet Exhaust

    The EPA and DoD require that low sulfur or alternative fuels be 
used to the greatest extent practicable. In addition, the performance 
standard requires that, to the greatest extent practicable, four-stroke 
engines be used instead of two-stroke engines. Vessels using two-stroke 
engines are required to use environmentally acceptable lubricants 
(found in the definitions for this term at 40 CFR 1700.3) unless such 
use would be technologically infeasible. If technologically infeasible, 
the use and justification for the use of a non-environmentally 
acceptable lubricant must be recorded in the vessel recordkeeping 
documentation.

K. Welldeck Discharges

    The EPA and DoD prohibit welldeck discharges containing graywater 
from smaller vessels. In addition, discharges containing washdown of 
gas turbine engines within nautical miles of the United States is 
prohibited and, to the greatest extent practicable, must be discharged 
seaward of waters subject to UNDS. Welldeck discharges from equipment 
and vehicle washdowns need to be free from garbage, and must not 
contain oil in quantities that cause a film or sheen upon or 
discoloration of the surface of the water or adjoining shorelines, or 
cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of the 
water or upon adjoining shorelines, or contain an oil content above 15 
ppm as measured by EPA Method 1664a or other appropriate method for 
determination of oil content as accepted by the International Maritime 
Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO Method 9377) or U.S. Coast Guard, or 
otherwise are harmful to the public health or welfare of the United 
States.

IV. Additional Information in the Final Rule

    This section provides an overview of the additional amendments for 
40 CFR part 1700. These changes include an amendment to subsections 
referenced Effect (section 1700.2), a provision that authorizes certain 
discharges notwithstanding the performance standards in situations 
where vessel safety or lives are endangered (section 1700.39), a 
provision that requires combined discharge streams to meet the 
requirements applicable to all discharge streams that are combined 
(section 1700.40), a requirement for recordkeeping (section 1700.41), 
and a requirement to report instances of non-compliance with MPCD 
performance standards (section 1700.42).

1. Amendment to Subsections Referenced in Section 1700.2 Effect

    The EPA and DoD amend the reference sections noted in the Effect 
Section 1700.2 (a) by amending ``Federal standards of performance for 
each required Marine Pollution Control Device are listed in section 
1700.14'' to ``Federal standards of performance for each required 
Marine Pollution Control Device are listed in sections 1700.14 through 
1700.38. Federal standards of performance apply to all vessels, whether 
existing or new, and regardless of vessel class, type, or size, unless 
otherwise expressly provided in sections 1700.14 through 1700.38.''

2. Reservation of Sections

    As noted previously, the EPA and DoD are proposing the Phase II 
standards in three batches. For the purpose of proposing the remaining 
batches, this rule reserves the following sections for those future 
rulemaking actions:

Section 1700.17 Clean Ballast;
Section 1700.18 Compensated Fuel Ballast;
Section 1700.21 Dirty Ballast;

3. Section 1700.39 Exceptions

    The EPA and DoD add an ``Exceptions'' subsection at section 
1700.39, which provides a place to identify certain excluded discharges 
from the scope of UNDS, notwithstanding the performance standards, in 
situations where vessel safety or lives are endangered. The section 
also identifies requirements for maintaining records of all discharge 
exceptions.
    4. Section 1700.40 Commingling of Discharges
    The EPA and DoD add a ``Commingling of Discharges'' subsection at 
section 1700.40. By adding this subsection, the EPA and DoD stipulate 
that if two or more regulated discharge streams are combined into one, 
the resulting discharge stream must meet the requirements applicable to 
all discharge streams that are combined prior to discharge unless 
otherwise specified by the specific discharge standard.

5. Section 1700.41 Records

    The EPA and DoD add a ``Records'' subsection at section 1700.41. By 
adding this subsection, the EPA and DoD include recordkeeping 
requirements that shall document all inspections, instances of non-
compliance, and instances of an exception.

6. Section 1700.42 Non-Compliance Reports

    The EPA and DoD add a ``Non-Compliance Reports'' subsection at 
section 1700.42. By adding this subsection, the EPA and DoD include 
reporting requirements for any non-compliance with performance 
standards prescribed for this Part.

V. Key Changes and Improvements Since the Proposed Rule

A. Public Comment

    On February 3, 2014, the EPA and DoD published proposed discharge

[[Page 3180]]

performance standards for the 11 discharges in Batch One. The proposed 
rule established a public comment period of 60 days that closed on 
April 4, 2014. The public had the option of submitting comments by 
email, mail, hand delivery, or electronically via the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal (www.regulations.gov). The public comments are 
available for public viewing in the docket under Docket No. EPA-HQ-OW-
2013-0469.
    The EPA and DoD consider the public comment period vital to 
creating a rule that is effective at meeting regulatory standards and 
also is readily understandable and useful to the public. The EPA and 
DoD received one comment on the proposed rule regarding some of the 
terms and definitions used in the UNDS Phase II Batch One Proposed 
Rule. The comment noted that the definitions used in the UNDS proposed 
rule were slightly different than the definitions used in the NPDES VGP 
and could potentially cause confusion in production and sales of 
certain goods, such as lubricants, that are widely used on both 
commercial vessels and vessels of the Armed Forces. The EPA and DoD 
agreed with the comment and incorporated changes to the following 
definitions in Section 1700.3 of this final rule:
     Aquatic Toxicity: The EPA and DoD define and use the term 
``minimally-toxic,'' found in the final 2013 VGP, rather than the 
``non-toxic'' terminology used in the UNDS Phase II Batch One proposed 
rule.
     Bioaccumulation: The proposed UNDS rule defines 
``bioaccumulative'' as determined by test methods; this is not 
consistent with the ``not bioaccumulative'' definition used in the 2013 
VGP for lubricants. The 2013 VGP does not require bioaccumulation 
testing of biodegradable portions of lubricants as, by definition, they 
will not persist and accumulate in the environment. This final rule 
revises the term ``bioaccumulative'' to be consistent with the final 
2013 VGP.
     Biodegradability: In the proposed rule, the EPA and DoD 
proposed testing the biodegradability of mixtures. However, to increase 
consistency with the terms and definitions found in the final 2013 VGP, 
the EPA and DoD use the definition of biodegradability established in 
the final 2013 VGP in place of the definition presented in the UNDS 
Phase II Batch One proposed rule. The VGP does not require testing the 
biodegradability of mixtures.

B. Endangered Species Act (ESA) Consultation

    Pursuant to Section 7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) the 
EPA and DoD consulted the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the 
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), collectively ``the 
Services.'' The Biological Evaluation developed by the EPA and DoD 
concluded that the issuance of the Batch One final rule for the Uniform 
National Discharge Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces--Phase II 
is not likely to adversely affect listed or proposed species or 
adversely modify designated or proposed critical habitat.

C. Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) Consistency Determination

    Pursuant to Section 307 of the CZMA, the EPA and DoD have 
determined that the performance standards are consistent to the maximum 
extent practicable with the enforceable policies of federally-approved 
coastal state and territory Coastal Management Plans (CMPs) for the 
coastal zones including state waters where discharges from vessels of 
the Armed Forces would be regulated by UNDS. Following proposal of the 
Uniform National Discharge Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces--
Phase II issued on February 3, 2014, the EPA and DoD provided 34 states 
and territories with the EPA and DoD's August 2016 ``National 
Consistency Determination: Uniform National Discharge Standards (UNDS) 
Program for Phase II Batch One Discharges.''

D. Development of Performance Standards in Batches

    The EPA and DoD are modifying the batch process. In the proposed 
rule, the EPA and DoD indicated that Phase II--the establishment of 
discharge performance standards--would be completed in two batches. The 
EPA and DoD have since determined to develop the discharge performance 
standards in three batches to allow for more time to collect and 
incorporate additional information into the development of the 
discharge performance standards.

E. Revisions to Definitions and Standards

    The EPA and DoD are modifying the definitions and standards to make 
them more clear and concise, in addition to changes made due to the 
public and federal comments. The non-substantive changes made to the 
definitions and standards are intended to clarify, simplify, and/or 
improve understanding and readability of the discharge performance 
standards. There are no technical changes to the definitions or 
standards.

VI. Related Acts of Congress and Executive Orders

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders 
can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was 
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
for review.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This action does not impose any new information collection burden, 
as the EPA and DoD have determined that Phase II of UNDS does not 
create any additional collection of information beyond that already 
mandated under the Phase I of UNDS. The Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) has previously approved the information collection requirements 
contained in the existing regulations (40 CFR part 1700) under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and 
has assigned OMB control number 2040-0187. The OMB control numbers for 
the EPA's regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    We certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. This 
action will not impose any requirements on small entities.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain any unfunded mandate as described in 
UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect 
small governments. The action implements mandates specifically and 
explicitly set forth in CWA section 312 without the exercise of any 
policy discretion by the EPA.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    The EPA and DoD concluded that the rule, once finalized in Phase 
III, will have federalism implications. Once the discharge performance 
standards are promulgated in Phase III by DoD, adoption and enforcement 
of new or existing state or local regulations for the discharges will 
be preempted.
    Accordingly, the EPA and DoD provide the following federalism

[[Page 3181]]

summary impact statement. During Phase I of UNDS, the EPA and DoD 
conducted two rounds of consultation meetings (i.e., outreach 
briefings) to allow states and local officials to have meaningful and 
timely input into the development of the rulemaking. Twenty-two states 
accepted the offer to be briefed on UNDS and discuss state concerns. 
The EPA and DoD provided clarification on the technical aspects of the 
UNDS process, including preliminary discharge determinations and 
analytical information supporting decisions to control or not control 
discharges. State representatives were provided with discharge 
summaries containing the description, analysis, and preliminary 
determination of each of the 39 discharges from vessels of the Armed 
Forces--25 of which were determined to require control.
    During Phase II, the EPA and DoD consulted again with state 
representatives early in the process of developing the regulation to 
allow them to have meaningful and timely input into the development of 
the discharge standards. On March 14, 2013, the EPA held a Federalism 
consultation briefing in Washington, DC, which was attended by 
representatives from the National Governors Association, the National 
Conference of State Legislatures, the National League of Cities, the 
National Association of Counties, the United States Conference of 
Mayors, the County Executives of America, the Environmental Council of 
States, the Association of Clean Water Administrators, two U.S. states 
and one U.S. territory, in order to obtain meaningful and timely input 
in the development of the proposed discharge standards. The EPA and DoD 
informed the state representatives that the two agencies planned to use 
the NPDES VGPs effluent limitations as a baseline for developing the 
discharge performance standards for the 25 discharges identified in 
Phase I as requiring control.
    Pursuant to the terms of Executive Order 13132, as well as EPA 
policy for implementing it, a federalism summary impact statement is 
required to summarize not only the issues and concerns raised by state 
and local government commenters during the course of the rule's 
development, but also to describe how and the extent to which the 
agencies addressed those concerns. No formal, substantive comments were 
received from state and local government entities during the course of 
developing this action.
    As required by section 8(a) of Executive Order 13132, the EPA 
included a certification from its Federalism Official stating that the 
EPA had met the Executive Order's requirements in a meaningful and 
timely manner. A copy of this certification is included in the public 
version of the official record for this final action.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implication as specified in 
Executive Order 13175. The UNDS rulemaking will not impact vessels 
operated by tribes because the rule only regulates discharges from 
vessels of the Armed Forces. However, tribes may be interested in this 
action because vessels of the Armed Forces, including U.S. Coast Guard 
vessels, may operate in or near tribal waters. The EPA hosted a 
National Teleconference on March 23, 2013, in order to obtain 
meaningful and timely input during the development of the discharge 
standards. The EPA and DoD informed the representatives that the two 
agencies planned to use the NPDES VGPs effluent limitations as a 
baseline for developing the discharge performance standards for the 25 
discharges identified in Phase I as requiring control. During the 
Tribal consultation period, the EPA and DoD did not receive any 
substantive comments from the Indian Tribal Governments.

G. Coastal Zone Management Act

    The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) and its implementing 
regulations (15 CFR part 930) require that any Federal agency activity 
or Federally licensed or permitted activity occurring within (or 
outside but affecting) the coastal zone of a state with an approved 
Coastal Management Plan (CMP) be consistent with the enforceable 
policies of that approved program to the maximum extent practicable. 
According to the August 2016 ``National Consistency Determination: 
Uniform National Discharge Standards (UNDS) Program for Phase II Batch 
One Discharges,'' the EPA and DoD have determined that the performance 
standards are consistent to the maximum extent practicable with the 
enforceable policies of the 34 federally-approved state and territory 
CMPs.

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health and Safety Risks

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it is 
not economically significant as defined in Executive Order 12866, and 
because the EPA and DoD do not believe the environmental health or 
safety risks addressed by this action present a disproportionate risk 
to children. The 11 discharge standards are designed to control 
discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel of the Armed 
Forces that could adversely affect human health and the environment. 
The standards reduce the impacts to the receiving waters and any person 
using the receiving waters, regardless of age.

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Concern Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, and Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, because is not 
a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

    This action involves technical standards. The EPA and DoD propose 
to use ISO Method 9377--determination of hydrocarbon oil index. ISO 
Method 9377 is a voluntary consensus standard developed by an 
independent, non-governmental international organization.

K. Endangered Species Act

    Section 7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) requires each 
Federal agency, in consultation with and with the assistance of the 
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Marine Fisheries 
Service (NMFS), collectively ``the Services,'' to ensure that the 
actions they authorize, fund, or carry out are not likely to adversely 
affect the continued existence of any endangered or threatened species 
(referred to as ``listed species'') or result in the destruction or 
adverse modification of their designated critical habitats.
    The Services have published regulations implementing ESA section 7 
at 50 CFR part 402. The regulations provide that a federal agency (such 
as the EPA and DoD) must consult with FWS, NMFS, or both if the agency 
determines that an activity authorized, funded, or carried out by the 
agency may affect listed species or critical habitat. The kinds of 
effects that trigger the consultation obligation could include, among 
other things, beneficial, detrimental, direct and indirect effects. The 
EPA and DoD commenced discussion with the Services in November 2014. 
The consultation process included multiple steps: Briefings with the 
Services on the contents of the rulemaking, discussions

[[Page 3182]]

of the EPA and DoD's proposed outline and methodological approach, 
information exchanges and requests on current species lists, rulemaking 
schedule, and ultimately the submittal of a consultation package on 
October 11, 2016.

L. Executive Order 13112: Invasive Species

    Executive Order 13112, entitled ``Invasive Species'' (64 FR 6183, 
February 8, 1999), requires each federal agency, whose actions may 
affect the status of invasive species, to identify such actions, and, 
subject to the availability of appropriations, use relevant programs 
and authorities to, among other things, prevent, detect, control, and 
monitor the introduction of invasive species. As defined by this 
Executive Order, ``invasive species'' means an alien species whose 
introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental 
harm or harm to human health.
    As part of the environmental effects analyses, the EPA and DoD 
considered the control of invasive species when developing the 
discharge performance standards for all 11 discharges (See Section II).

M. Executive Order 13089: Coral Reef Protection

    Executive Order 13089, entitled ``Coral Reef Protection'' (63 FR 
32701, June 16, 1998), requires all federal agencies to identify 
actions that may affect U.S. coral reef ecosystems; utilize their 
programs and authorities to protect the conditions of such ecosystems; 
and to the extent permitted by law, ensure that any actions they 
authorize, fund, or carry out will not degrade the conditions of such 
ecosystems. These discharge standards are designed to control or 
eliminate the discharges incidental to the normal operation of vessels 
of the Armed Forces, ultimately minimizing the potential for causing 
adverse impacts to the marine environment including coral reefs.

N. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    The EPA and DoD believe that this action does not have 
disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects on minority populations, low-income populations and/or 
indigenous peoples, as specified in Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, 
February 16, 1994). The discharge performance standards only apply to 
vessels of the Armed Forces and ultimately increase environmental 
protection.

O. Congressional Review Act (CRA)

    This action is subject to the CRA, and the EPA will submit a rule 
report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of 
the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 
U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 1700

    Environmental protection, Armed Forces, Vessels, Coastal zone, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Water pollution control.

    Dated: December 8, 2016.
Gina McCarthy,
Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency.
    Dated: December 22, 2016.
Steven R. Iselin,
Acting Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Energy, Installations, and 
Environment.

0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, title 40, chapter VII, of the 
Code of Federal Regulations is amended as follows:

PART 1700--UNIFORM NATIONAL DISCHARGE STANDARDS FOR VESSELS OF THE 
ARMED FORCES

0
1. The authority citation for 40 CFR part 1700 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  33 U.S.C. 1322, 1361.

Subpart A--Scope

0
2. Amend Sec.  1700.2 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:

Sec.  1700.2  Effect.

    (a) This part identifies those discharges, other than sewage, 
incidental to the normal operation of vessels of the Armed Forces that 
require control within the navigable waters of the United States, 
including the territorial seas and the waters of the contiguous zone, 
and those discharges that do not require control. Discharges requiring 
control are identified in Sec.  1700.4. Discharges not requiring 
control are identified in Sec.  1700.5. Federal standards of 
performance for each required Marine Pollution Control Device are 
listed in Sec. Sec.  1700.14 through 1700.38. Federal standards of 
performance apply to all vessels, whether existing or new, and 
regardless of vessel class, type, or size, unless otherwise expressly 
provided in Sec. Sec.  1700.14 through 1700.38.
* * * * *

0
3. Amend Sec.  1700.3 by adding in alphabetical order definitions for 
``Bioaccumulative'', ``Biodegradable'', ``Environmentally acceptable 
lubricants'', ``Federally-protected waters'', ``Hazardous material'', 
``Minimally-toxic'', ``Not bioaccumulative'', ``Person in charge'', 
``Toxic materials'', and ``Waters subject to UNDS'', to read as 
follows:

Sec.  1700.3  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Bioaccumulative means the opposite of not bioaccumulative.
    Biodegradable means the following for purposes of the standards:
    (1) Regarding environmentally acceptable lubricants and greases, 
biodegradable means lubricant formulations that contain at least 90% 
(weight in weight concentration or w/w) or grease formulations that 
contain at least 75% (w/w) of a constituent substance or constituent 
substances (only stated substances present above 0.10% must be 
assessed) that each demonstrate either the removal of at least 70% of 
dissolved organic carbon, production of at least 60% of the theoretical 
carbon dioxide, or consumption of at least 60% of the theoretical 
oxygen demand within 28 days. Test methods include: Organization for 
Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guidelines 301 A-F, 306, and 
310, ASTM 5864, ASTM D-7373, OCSPP Harmonized Guideline 835.3110, and 
International Organization for Standardization 14593:1999. For 
lubricant formulations, the 10% (w/w) of the formulation that need not 
meet the above biodegradability requirements, up to 5% (w/w) may be 
non-biodegradable, but not bioaccumulative, while the remaining 5-10% 
must be inherently biodegradable. For grease formulations, the 25% (w/
w) of the formulation that need not meet the above biodegradability 
requirement, the constituent substances may be either inherently 
biodegradable or non-biodegradable, but may not be bioaccumulative. 
Test methods to demonstrate inherent biodegradability include: OECD 
Test Guidelines 302C (>70% biodegradation after 28 days) or OECD Test 
Guidelines 301 A-F (>20% but <60% biodegradation after 28 days).
    (2) Regarding cleaning products, biodegradable means products that 
demonstrate either the removal of at least 70% of dissolved organic 
carbon, production of at least 60% of the theoretical carbon dioxide, 
or consumption of at least 60% of the theoretical oxygen demand within 
28 days. Test methods include: Organization for Economic Cooperation 
and Development Test Guidelines 301 A-F, 306, and 310, and 
International

[[Page 3183]]

Organization for Standardization 14593:1999.
    (3) Regarding biocidal substances, biodegradable means a compound 
or mixture that yields 60% of theoretical maximum carbon dioxide and 
demonstrate a removal of at least 70% of dissolved organic carbon 
within 28 days as described in EPA 712-C-98-075 (OPPTS 835.3100 Aerobic 
Aquatic Biodegradation).
    Environmentally acceptable lubricants means lubricants that are 
biodegradable, minimally-toxic, and not bioaccumulative as defined in 
this subpart. The following labeling programs and organizations meet 
the definition of being environmentally acceptable lubricants: Blue 
Angel, European Ecolabel, Nordic Swan, the Swedish Standards SS 155434 
and 155470, Safer Choice, and the Convention for the Protection of the 
Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR) requirements.
* * * * *
    Federally-protected waters means waters within 12 miles of the 
United States that are also part of any of the following:
    (1) Marine sanctuaries designated under the National Marine 
Sanctuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) or Marine National Monuments 
designated under the Antiquities Act of 1906;
    (2) A unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System, including 
Wetland Management Districts, Waterfowl Production Areas, National Game 
Preserves, Wildlife Management Areas, and National Fish and Wildlife 
Refuges;
    (3) National Wilderness Areas; and
    (4) Any component designated under the National Wild and Scenic 
Rivers System.
    Hazardous material means any hazardous material as defined in 49 
CFR 171.8.
* * * * *
    Minimally-toxic means a substance must pass either OECD 201, 202, 
and 203 for acute toxicity testing, or OECD 210 and 211 for chronic 
toxicity testing. For purposes of the standards, equivalent toxicity 
data for marine species, including methods ISO/DIS 10253 for algae, ISO 
TC147/SC5/W62 for crustacean, and OSPAR 2005 for fish, may be 
substituted for OECD 201, 202, and 203. If a substance is evaluated for 
the formulation and main constituents, the LC50 of fluids must be at 
least 100 mg/L and the LC50 of greases, two-stroke oils, and all other 
total loss lubricants must be at least 1000 mg/L. If a substance is 
evaluated for each constituent substance, rather than the complete 
formulation and main compounds, then constituents comprising less than 
20% of fluids can have an LC50 between 10-100 mg/L or a no-observed-
effect concentration (NOEC) between 1-10 mg/L, constituents comprising 
less than 5% of fluids can have an LC50 between 1-10 mg/L or a NOEC 
between 0.1-1 mg/L, and constituents comprising less than 1% of fluids, 
can have an LC50 less than 1 mg/L or a NOEC between 0-0.1 mg/L.
* * * * *
    Not bioaccumulative means any of the following: The partition 
coefficient in the marine environment is log Kow <3 or >7 using test 
methods OECD 117 and 107; molecular mass >800 Daltons; molecular 
diameter >1.5 nanometer; bioconcentration factor (BCF) or 
bioaccumulation factor (BAF) is <100 L/kg, using OECD 305, OCSPP 
850.1710 or OCSPP 850.1730, or a field-measured BAF; or polymer with 
molecular weight (MW) fraction below 1,000 g/mol is <1%.
    Person in charge (PIC) means the single individual named master of 
the vessel or placed in charge of the vessel, by the U.S. Department of 
Defense or by the Department in which the U.S. Coast Guard is 
operating, as appropriate, and who is responsible for the operation, 
manning, victualing, and supplying of the vessel of the Armed Forces. 
Examples of a PIC include, but are not limited to:
    (1) A Commanding Officer, Officer in Charge, or senior commissioned 
officer on board the vessel;
    (2) A civilian, military, or U.S. Coast Guard person assigned to a 
shore command or activity that has been designated as the PIC for one 
or more vessels, such as a group of boats or craft;
    (3) A Tugmaster, Craftmaster, Coxswain, or other senior enlisted 
person onboard the vessel;
    (4) A licensed civilian mariner onboard a Military Sealift Command 
vessel; or
    (5) A contracted commercial person at a shore installation that is 
not part of the Armed Forces but as identified by the U.S. Department 
of Defense or the Department in which the U.S. Coast Guard is 
operating.
* * * * *
    Toxic materials means any toxic pollutant identified in 40 CFR 
401.15.
* * * * *
    Waters subject to UNDS means the navigable waters of the United 
States, including the territorial seas and the waters of the contiguous 
zone, as these terms are defined in the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 
1362).

0
4. Revise subpart D to read as follows:
Subpart D--Marine Pollution Control Device (MPCD) Performance Standards
Sec.
1700.14 Aqueous film-forming foam.
1700.15 [Reserved]
1700.16 Chain locker effluent.
1700.17-1700.21 [Reserved]
1700.22 Distillation and reverse osmosis brine.
1700.23 Elevator pit effluent.
1700.24 [Reserved]
1700.25 Gas turbine water wash.
1700.26-1700.28 [Reserved]
1700.29 Non-oily machinery wastewater.
1700.30 Photographic laboratory drains.
1700.31 Seawater cooling overboard discharge.
1700.32 Seawater piping biofouling prevention.
1700.33 Small boat engine wet exhaust.
1700.34-1700.37 [Reserved]
1700.38 Welldeck discharges.
1700.39 Exceptions.
1700.40 Commingling of discharges.
1700.41 Records.
1700.42 Non-compliance reports.

Subpart D--Marine Pollution Control Device (MPCD) Performance 
Standards

Sec.  1700.14  Aqueous film-forming foam.

    (a) For the purposes of this section, regulated aqueous film-
forming foam (AFFF) refers only to firefighting foam and seawater 
mixture discharged during training, testing, or maintenance operations.
    (b) For all vessels that sail seaward of waters subject to UNDS at 
least once per month, the discharge of AFFF is prohibited.
    (c) For all vessels that do not sail seaward of waters subject to 
UNDS at least once per month:
    (1) The discharge of fluorinated AFFF is prohibited; and
    (2) The discharges of non-fluorinated or alternative foaming agent 
are prohibited in port or in or near federally-protected waters, and 
must occur as far from shore as possible.

Sec.  1700.15  [Reserved]

Sec.  1700.16  Chain locker effluent.

    (a) For all vessels, except submarines, the anchor chain must be 
carefully and thoroughly washed down (i.e., more than a cursory rinse) 
as it is being hauled out of the water to remove sediment and 
organisms.
    (b) For all vessels, the chain lockers must be cleaned periodically 
to eliminate accumulated sediments and any potential accompanying 
pollutants. The dates of all chain locker inspections must be recorded 
in the ship's log or other vessel recordkeeping documentation.
    (c) For all vessels that sail seaward of waters subject to UNDS at 
least once per month, the rinsing or pumping out of chain lockers is 
prohibited.

[[Page 3184]]

    (d) For all vessels that do not sail seaward of waters subject to 
UNDS at least once per month, the rinsing or pumping out of chain 
lockers must occur as far from shore as possible and, if technically 
feasible, the rinsing or pumping out of chain lockers must not occur in 
federally-protected waters.

Sec. Sec.  1700.17-1700.21  [Reserved]

Sec.  1700.22  Distillation and reverse osmosis brine.

    The discharge of brine from the distillation system and the 
discharge of reverse osmosis reject water are prohibited if they come 
in contact with machinery or industrial equipment (other than 
distillation or reverse osmosis machinery), toxic or hazardous 
materials, or wastes.

Sec.  1700.23  Elevator pit effluent.

    (a) The direct discharge of elevator pit effluent is prohibited.
    (b) Notwithstanding the prohibition of direct discharges of 
elevator pit effluent overboard, if the elevator pit effluent is 
commingled with any other discharge for the purposes of treatment prior 
to discharge, then under no circumstances may oils, including oily 
mixtures, be discharged from that combined discharge in quantities 
that:
    (1) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of 
the water or adjoining shorelines; or
    (2) Cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface 
of the water or upon adjoining shorelines; or
    (3) Contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 
1664a or other appropriate method for determination of oil content as 
accepted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO 
Method 9377) or U.S. Coast Guard; or
    (4) Otherwise are harmful to the public health or welfare of the 
United States.

Sec.  1700.24  [Reserved]

Sec.  1700.25  Gas turbine water wash.

    (a) The direct discharge of gas turbine water wash is prohibited.
    (b) To the greatest extent practicable, gas turbine water wash must 
be collected separately and disposed of onshore in accordance with any 
applicable solid waste and hazardous substance management and disposal 
requirements.
    (c) Notwithstanding the prohibition of direct discharges of gas 
turbine water wash overboard, if the gas turbine water wash is 
commingled with any other discharge for the purposes of treatment prior 
to discharge then under no circumstances may oils, including oily 
mixtures be discharged from that combined discharge in quantities that:
    (1) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of 
the water or adjoining shorelines; or
    (2) Cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface 
of the water or upon adjoining shorelines; or
    (3) Contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 
1664a or other appropriate method for determination of oil content as 
accepted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO 
Method 9377) or U.S. Coast Guard; or
    (4) Otherwise are harmful to the public health or welfare of the 
United States.

Sec. Sec.  1700.26-1700.28  [Reserved]

Sec.  1700.29  Non-oily machinery wastewater.

    The discharge of non-oily machinery wastewater must not contain any 
additives that are toxic or bioaccumulative in nature, and under no 
circumstances may oils, including oily mixtures, be discharged in 
quantities that:
    (a) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of 
the water or adjoining shorelines; or
    (b) Cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface 
of the water or upon adjoining shorelines; or
    (c) Contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 
1664a or other appropriate method for determination of oil content as 
accepted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO 
Method 9377) or U.S. Coast Guard; or
    (d) Otherwise are harmful to the public health or welfare of the 
United States.

Sec.  1700.30  Photographic laboratory drains.

    The discharge of photographic laboratory drains is prohibited.

Sec.  1700.31  Seawater cooling overboard discharge.

    (a) For discharges from vessels that are less than 79 feet in 
length:
    (1) To the greatest extent practicable, minimize non-contact engine 
cooling water, hydraulic system cooling water, refrigeration cooling 
water and other seawater cooling overboard discharges when the vessel 
is in port.
    (2) To reduce the production and discharge of seawater cooling 
overboard discharge, the vessel should use shore based power when in 
port if:
    (i) Shore power is readily available for the vessel from utilities 
or port authorities; and
    (ii) Shore based power supply systems are capable of providing all 
needed electricity required for vessel operations; and
    (iii) The vessel is equipped to connect to shore-based power and 
such systems are compatible with the available shore power.
    (3) Fouling organisms must be removed from seawater piping on a 
regular basis. The discharge of fouling organisms removed during 
cleanings is prohibited.
    (b) For discharges from vessels that are greater than or equal to 
79 feet in length:
    (1) To the greatest extent practicable, minimize non-contact engine 
cooling water, hydraulic system cooling water, refrigeration cooling 
water and other seawater cooling overboard discharges when the vessel 
is in port.
    (2) To reduce the production and discharge of seawater cooling 
overboard discharge, the vessel should use shore based power when in 
port if:
    (i) Shore power is readily available for the vessel from utilities 
or port authorities; and
    (ii) Shore based power supply systems are capable of providing all 
needed electricity required for vessel operations; and
    (iii) The vessel is equipped to connect to shore-based power and 
such systems are compatible with the available shore power.
    (3) Maintenance of all piping and seawater cooling systems must 
meet the requirements of Sec.  1700.32 (Seawater Piping Biofouling 
Prevention). For all vessels, except submarines, fouling organisms 
removed during maintenance must not be discharged.

Sec.  1700.32  Seawater piping biofouling prevention.

    (a) Seawater piping biofouling chemicals subject to registration 
under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 
(7 U.S.C. 136 et seq.) must be used in accordance with the FIFRA label. 
Pesticides or chemicals banned for use in the United States must not be 
discharged.
    (b) To the greatest extent practicable, only the minimum amount of 
biofouling chemicals must be used to keep fouling under control.
    (c) Fouling organisms must be removed from seawater piping on a 
regular basis. For all vessels, except submarines, the discharge of 
fouling organisms removed during cleanings is prohibited.

Sec.  1700.33  Small boat engine wet exhaust.

    (a) For the purposes of this section small boat engine wet exhaust 
discharges refers only to discharges from vessels that are less than 79 
feet in length.
    (b) Vessels generating small boat engine wet exhaust must be 
maintained

[[Page 3185]]

in good operating order, well-tuned, and functioning according to 
manufacturer specifications, in order to decrease pollutant 
concentrations and volumes in small boat engine wet exhaust.
    (c) To the greatest extent practicable, low sulfur or alternative 
fuels must be used to reduce the concentration of pollutants in 
discharges from small boat engine wet exhaust.
    (d) To the greatest extent practicable, use four-stroke engines 
instead of two-stroke engines for vessels generating small boat engine 
wet exhaust.
    (e) Vessels using two-stroke engines must use environmentally 
acceptable lubricants unless use of such lubricants is technologically 
infeasible. If technologically infeasible, the use and justification 
for the use of a non-environmentally acceptable lubricant must be 
recorded in the vessel recordkeeping documentation.

Sec. Sec.  1700.34-1700.37  [Reserved]

Sec.  1700.38  Welldeck discharges.

    (a) Welldeck discharges that contain graywater from smaller vessels 
are prohibited.
    (b) Welldeck discharges containing washdown from gas turbine 
engines are prohibited within three miles of the United States and to 
the greatest extent practicable must be discharged seaward of waters 
subject to UNDS.
    (c) Welldeck discharges from equipment and vehicle washdowns must 
not contain garbage and must not contain oil in quantities that:
    (1) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of 
the water or adjoining shorelines; or
    (2) Cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface 
of the water or upon adjoining shorelines; or
    (3) Contain an oil content above 15 ppm as measured by EPA Method 
1664a or other appropriate method for determination of oil content as 
accepted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (e.g., ISO 
Method 9377) or U.S. Coast Guard; or
    (4) Otherwise are harmful to the public health or welfare of the 
United States.

Sec.  1700.39  Exceptions.

    (a) Notwithstanding each of the MPCD performance standards 
established in this Part, a vessel of the Armed Forces is authorized to 
discharge, into waters subject to UNDS, when the PIC or their 
designated representative determines that such discharge is necessary 
to prevent loss of life, personal injury, vessel endangerment, or 
severe damage to the vessel.
    (b) A vessel of the Armed Forces must maintain the following 
records for all discharges under paragraph (a) of this section:
    (1) Name and title of the PIC who determined the necessity of the 
discharge;
    (2) Date, location, and estimated volume of the discharge;
    (3) Explanation of the reason the discharge occurred; and
    (4) Actions taken to avoid, minimize, or otherwise mitigate the 
discharge.
    (c) All records prepared under paragraph (b) of this section must 
be maintained in accordance with Sec.  1700.41.

Sec.  1700.40  Commingling of discharges.

    If two or more regulated discharge streams are combined into one, 
the resulting discharge stream must meet the requirements applicable to 
all discharge streams that are combined prior to discharge.

Sec.  1700.41  Records.

    (a) All records must be generated and maintained in the ship's logs 
(main, engineering, and/or damage control) or an UNDS Record Book and 
must include the following information:
    (1) Vessel owner information (e.g., U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard);
    (2) Vessel name and class; and
    (3) Name of the PIC.
    (b) The PIC must maintain complete records of the following 
information:
    (1) Any inspection or recordkeeping requirement as specified in 
Sec. Sec.  1700.14 through 1700.38;
    (2) Any instance of an exception and the associated recordkeeping 
requirements as specified in Sec.  1700.39; and
    (3) Any instance of non-compliance with any of the performance 
standards as specified in Sec. Sec.  1700.14 through 1700.38. The 
information recorded must include the following:
    (i) Description of any non-compliance and its cause;
    (ii) Date of non-compliance;
    (iii) Period of non-compliance (time and duration);
    (iv) Location of the vessel during non-compliance;
    (v) Corrective action taken;
    (vi) Steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent non-
compliance in the future; and
    (vii) If the non-compliance has not been corrected, an estimate of 
the time the non-compliance is expected to continue.
    (c) All records prepared under this section must be maintained for 
a period of five years from the date they are created. The information 
in this paragraph will be available to the EPA, states, or the U.S. 
Coast Guard upon request. Any information made available upon request 
must be appropriately classified, as applicable, and handled in 
accordance with applicable legal requirements regarding national 
security.

Sec.  1700.42  Non-compliance reports.

    The PIC must report any non-compliance, including the information 
as required under Sec.  1700.41, to the Armed Service's designated 
office in writing and/or electronically within five days of the time 
the PIC becomes aware of the circumstances.

[FR Doc. 2017-00153 Filed 1-10-17; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P