Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPPT-2003-0067-0023
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2003-11-17T05:00Z

PAGE
INTENTIONALLY
LEFT
BLANK
William
C.
Herz
Director
of
Scientific
Programs
M
E
M
O
R
A
N
D
U
M
TO:
Product
Testing
Recipient
FROM:
William
C.
Herz,
Director,
Scientific
Programs
SUBJECT:
Superphosphates
Product
Testing
Dossier
DATE:
March
15,
2003
It
is
with
great
pleasure
that
The
Fertilizer
Institute
(
TFI)
announces
the
completion
and
distribution
of
the
final
product
testing
dossier
for
Superphosphates
(
GTSP,
SSP
CAS
#
s
8011­
76­
5
/
65996­
95­
4).

As
you
are
aware,
TFI
sponsored
this
four
 
year
program
to
develop
and
summarize
screening­
level
hazard
information
for
high
production
volume
(
HPV)
chemicals.
The
data
elements
generated
represent
a
broad
overview
of
human
health
and
ecological
parameters.
These
include
a
physical
­
chemical
characterization,
environmental
fate,
mammalian
toxicity
and
ecotoxicity.
A
health
and
environmental
safety
data
summary
dossier
was
prepared
for
each
of
the
23
materials.
It
summarizes
the
available
literature
data,
new
testing
data,
category
description
and
read
across
data
as
well
as
provides
a
conclusion
regarding
the
inherent
hazards
of
the
material.

Upon
receipt
of
this
data
a
90
calendar
day
regulatory
trigger
starts
within
which
you
must
update
your
material
safety
data
sheets
(
MS­
DS).
Upon
first
product
shipment
you
must
also
notify
your
distributors
and
employers
once
the
MS­
DS
has
been
updated.
These
regulatory
requirements
are
detailed
in
29
CFR
1910.1200(
g)(
5)
and
29
CFR
1910.1200(
g)(
6)(
i).
The
requirements
are
found
in
the
Occupational
Safety
and
Health
Administration
"
Hazard
Communication
Standard"
(
29
CFR
1910.1200).

Please
note
that
by
receipt
of
this
data;
you
agree
not
to
distribute
or
sell
this
data
beyond
your
own
company.
PAGE
INTENTIONALLY
LEFT
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HEALTH
&
ENVIRONMENTAL
SAFETY
DATA
SUMMARY
DOCUMENT
SINGLE
SUPERPHOSPHATE
TRIPLE
SUPERPHOSPHATE
CAS
NO.
8011­
76­
5
CAS
NO.
65996­
95­
4
Prepared
for:

THE
FERTILIZER
INSTITUTE
January
27,
2003
THE
WEINBERG
GROUP
INC.
1220
Nineteenth
St,
NW,
Suite
300
Washington,
DC
20036­
2400
e­
mail
science@
weinberggroup.
com
WASHINGTON
NEW
YORK
SAN
FRANCISCO
BRUSSELS
PARIS
PAGE
INTENTIONALLY
LEFT
BLANK
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE
OVERVIEW..................................................................................................
1
SIDS
DATA
PROFILE.........................................................................................................
8
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARY....................................................................................................
9
1.
GENERAL
INFORMATION...................................................................................
11
2.
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA.............................................................................
14
3.
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
AND
PATHWAYS....................................................
16
4.
ECOTOXICITY........................................................................................................
19
5.
TOXICITY................................................................................................................
23
6.
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................
32
APPENDICES
Appendix
A
SIDS
Data
Availability
Summary
Appendix
B
SIDS
Data
Summaries
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category:
Diammonium
Phosphate,
Liquid
Polyphosphate,
Monoammonium
Phosphate,
and
Super
Phosphates
ACRONYMS
AND
ABBREVIATIONS
BCF
Bioconcentration
Factor
bw
Body
Weight
DAP
Diammonium
Phosphate
DOT
Department
of
Transportation
FDA
U.
S.
Food
and
Drug
Administration
FIFRA
Federal
Insecticide
Fungicide
and
Rodenticide
Act
g/
L
Grams
per
Liter
GLP
Good
Laboratory
Practices
GTSP
Granular
Triple
Super
Phosphate
g/
mL
Grams
per
Milliliter
HSDB
Hazardous
Substance
Data
Bank
IPCS
International
Programme
for
Chemical
Safety
KNO3
Potassium
Nitrate
Koc
Organic
Carbon
Partition
Coefficient
Kow
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
LC50
Median
Lethal
Concentration
LD50
Median
Lethal
Dose
LOAEL
Lowest
Observable
Adverse
Effect
Level
LOEC
Lowest
Observable
Effect
Concentration
LOEL
Lowest
Observable
Effect
Level
M
Molar
MAP
Monoammonium
Phosphate
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
mg/
kg
Milligrams
per
Kilogram
mg/
kg/
day
Milligrams
per
Kilogram
per
Day
mg/
L
Milligrams
per
Liter
MHb
Methyl
Hemoglobin
mm
Hg
Millimeters
of
Mercury
mmol/
L
Millimoles
per
Liter
NaNo3
Sodium
Nitrate
NFPA
National
Fire
Prevention
Association
(
NH4
)
2
NO3
Ammonium
Nitrate
NIOSH
National
Institute
for
Occupational
Safety
and
Health
NO3
Nitrate
NOAEL
No
Observable
Adverse
Effect
Level
NOEC
No
Observable
Effect
Concentration
NOEL
No
Observable
Effect
Level
OECD
Organisation
for
Economic
Co­
operation
and
Development
Pa
Pascal
ppm
Parts
per
Million
SCAS
Semi
Continuous
Activated
Sludge
SIDS
Screening
Information
Data
Set
SSP
Single
Super
Phosphate
TLm
Median
Toxicity
Level
TLV
Threshold
Limit
Value
TFI
The
Fertilizer
Institute
UAN
Urea
Ammonia
Nitrogen
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
EXECUTIVE
OVERVIEW
I.
Introduction
The
Fertilizer
Institute,
on
behalf
of
its
member
companies,
initiated
a
Product
Testing
Project
to
collect,
review,
summarize,
and
where
necessary
develop
additional
health
and
environmental
safety
data
for
23
of
its
high
production
volume
inorganic
fertilizer
materials.
These
data
and
summaries
provide
valuable
information
that
can
be
used
to
update
Material
Safety
Data
Sheets,
answer
customers'
questions,
and
support
product
stewardship
efforts.
The
chemical
industry
is
also
participating
in
a
voluntary
program
of
comparable
scope
for
high
production
volume
organic
chemicals.
1
The
23
fertilizer
materials
were
divided
into
five
categories
(
i.
e.,
ammonia
compounds,
nitrate
compounds,
phosphate
compounds,
salts
and
acids)
based
on
their
primary
constituents
as
shown
in
Table
1.
The
use
of
categories
is
a
recognized
and
accepted
method
that
allows
health
and
environmental
safety
data
from
one
chemical
in
the
category
to
be
used
to
represent
one
or
more
other
related
chemicals
in
the
category
(
USEPA
1999).
The
key
is
to
find
similar,
or
at
least
predictable,
patterns
and
trends
among
the
chemicals
in
a
category.
In
this
way,
data
can
be
pooled,
resources
are
optimized,
and
fewer
animals
are
used
in
testing,
all
without
losing
the
ability
to
evaluate
the
hazards
and
safety
of
the
individual
chemicals.
Note
that
some
of
the
materials
fall
into
more
than
one
category
(
e.
g.,
diammonium
phosphate
[
DAP]
is
in
both
the
phosphate
and
ammonia
categories).

Searches
were
conducted
using
on­
line
databases,
standard
scientific
data
compendia,
and
other
published
sources
for
toxicity,
ecotoxicity,
environmental
fate,
and
physical­
chemical
properties.
The
collected
data
were
reviewed
for
quality
and
acceptability
and
then
summarized
according
to
the
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development
(
OECD)
Screening
Information
Data
Set
(
SIDS)
dossier
format
(
OECD
1997).
The
OECD
countries
(
including
the
United
States)
have
agreed
on
a
set
of
tests
and
on
types
of
data
that
are
generally
necessary
to
characterize
the
chemical
behavior
and
potential
hazards
of
chemicals
released
into
the
environment.
The
OECD
SIDS
dossier
was
chosen
as
a
standard
format
for
the
TFI
Product
Testing
Project
in
order
that
it
would
be
scientifically
defensible,
broadly
applicable
and
easily
understandable
to
a
wide
range
of
stakeholders.

The
following
sections
of
this
Executive
Overview
provide
the
rationale
for
development
of
the
Phosphate
Compounds
category
(
Section
II);
a
synopsis
of
the
available
data
related
to
the
physical­
chemical
properties,
environmental
fate,
ecotoxicity
and
toxicity
of
the
phosphate
compounds
in
this
category
(
Section
III);
and
a
conclusion
regarding
the
adequacy
of
the
data
to
sufficiently
characterize
the
category
and
the
need
for
additional
testing
(
Section
IV).

The
data
for
single
superphosphate
(
SSP)
and
granular
triple
superphosphate
(
GTSP)
are
summarized
together
in
the
Chemical
Profile
and
Data
Summary
tables.
Because
the
1
HPV
Chemical
Challenge
Program;
USEPA
1999
(
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
opptintr/
chemrtk/
volchall.
htm)

1
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
evaluation
of
data
adequacy
relies
on
a
category
approach,
the
Data
Summary
table
references
Appendix
B
when
data
are
available
for
one
or
more
of
the
other
materials
in
the
category
for
those
data
elements
where
no
SSP
or
GTSP
data
are
available.
Appendix
B
provides
a
summary
of
the
data
for
all
of
the
phosphate
compounds
in
the
category.
The
individual
studies
for
SSP
and
GTSP
themselves
are
presented
in
subsequent
pages
of
this
document.
Separate
data
summary
documents
are
available
for
each
of
the
phosphate
compounds
in
the
category.

II.
Rationale
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category
The
phosphate
compounds
category
for
fertilizer
materials
includes
diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP),
monoammonium
phosphate
(
MAP),
liquid
polyphosphate,
single
superphosphate
(
SSP),
and
granular
triple
superphosphate
(
GTSP)
2
.
These
compounds
are
grouped
because
of
chemical
composition
similarities;
phosphate
being
a
primary
component.
All
four
compounds
in
the
category
contain
phosphorus,
hydrogen
and
oxygen.
Three
of
the
compounds
also
contain
nitrogen.
In
additional,
the
four
compounds
have
similar
and
generally
predictable
patterns
of
behavior
in
the
environment
as
well
as
toxicological
properties.

Phosphate
compounds
disassociate
in
water,
and
therefore
may
be
regarded
as
degradable
(
European
Commission
2000a).
They
are
used
by
all
living
organisms
and
both
the
anion
and
cation
are
nutrients
for
algae
(
European
Commission
2000b).
The
primary
contributor
to
aquatic
toxicity
appears
to
be
the
un­
ionized
ammonia
component
of
DAP
and
MAP,
although
excess
phosphate
may
also
have
an
effect
(
Johnson
and
Sanders
1977),
especially
for
the
superphosphates.
As
a
nutrient,
phosphate
may
also
stimulate
growth
in
algae
(
Aufderheide
and
Bussard
2000).
When
GTSP
is
applied
to
soil,
the
water­
soluble
monocalcium
phosphate
rapidly
dissolves
into
the
soil
solution
and
is
quickly
precipitated
as
available
dicalcium
phosphate.
Inorganic
phosphates
are
generally
retained
by
most
soils
in
fixed
forms
and
therefore
little
is
lost
by
leaching
(
European
Commission
2000a).
Liquid
polyphosphate
fertilizers
behave
essentially
as
salts
in
soil
(
Lohry
2001).

Phosphate
compounds
are
Generally
Recognized
As
Safe
(
GRAS)
by
the
U.
S.
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(
21
CFR
582.1141;
Bhat
and
Ramaswamy
1993)
which
allows
them
to
be
used
as
food
and
color
additives.
Phosphate
is
an
essential
nutrient
required
by
all
organisms
for
proper
metabolism.
Orthophosphates
in
general
are
absorbed
from,
and
to
a
limited
extent
secreted
into,
the
gastrointestinal
tract.
The
transport
of
phosphate
from
the
lumen
of
the
gut
is
an
active,
energy­
dependent
process,
and
there
are
factors
that
appear
to
modify
the
degree
of
its
intestinal
absorption.
Vitamin
D
stimulates
phosphate
absorption,
and
this
effect
has
been
reported
to
precede
the
action
of
the
vitamin
on
transport
of
calcium
ion.
In
general,
in
adults,
about
two
thirds
of
the
ingested
phosphate
is
absorbed
from
the
bowel,
and
that
which
is
absorbed
from
the
gut
is
almost
entirely
excreted
into
the
urine.

2
SSP
and
GTSP
are
combined
into
this
single
Health
and
Environmental
Safety
Data
Summary
Document.

2
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
III.
Summary
of
Data
Available
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category
Detailed
data
summaries
for
phosphate
compounds
are
included
in
subsequent
sections
of
this
Health
and
Environmental
Safety
Data
Summary
Document
for
Single
and
Granular
Triple
Superphosphates.
These
data
are
briefly
summarized
here.

Physical­
Chemical
Data
The
density
of
phosphate
compounds
varies
from
0.93­
1.83
g/
L.
All
phosphate
compounds
are
highly
soluble
in
water
with
solubility
ranging
from
18­
588
g/
L
at
temperatures
from
0
to
30
°
C.
The
one
vapor
pressure
value
reported
for
DAP
indicates
low
volatility
(<
100
Pa
at
20
°
C).
No
specific
data
on
the
octanol­
water
partition
coefficient
(
Kow
)
are
available,
but
based
on
the
high
water
solubility
it
is
expected
that
Kow
and
bioaccumulation
potential
would
be
low,
although
the
body
does
absorb
phosphates
as
necessary
to
carry
out
vital
functions.
These
compounds
dissociate
and
do
not
undergo
oxidation­
reduction
reactions
so
redox
potentials
are
not
applicable.

Environmental
Fate
and
Pathway
Little
direct
environmental
fate
testing
has
been
conducted
with
the
phosphate
compounds,
largely
because
such
compounds
generally
dissociate
in
solution
and
therefore
photodegradation
and
biodegradation
mechanisms
are
less
important.
However,
phosphates
may
be
regarded
as
biodegradable,
as
they
are
utilized
by
all
living
organisms.
The
phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
(
e.
g.
see
www.
ppi
far.
org/
ppiweb/
ppibase.
nsf/$
webindex/
article=
678CA758852569B5005C148685E4A99F)

Ecotoxicity
Acute
96­
hour
studies
have
been
reported
in
the
literature
on
various
fish
species.
These
reported
LC50
values
range
from
90­
5,900
mg/
L
for
DAP
and
other
compounds
in
the
phosphate
category.
Additional
acute
fish
toxicity
studies
have
been
conducted
for
MAP
and
liquid
polyphosphate
according
to
OECD
protocols
and
under
Good
Laboratory
Practice
(
GLP)
conditions.
Results
indicate
no
toxicity
at
the
highest
nominal
concentration
(
100
mg/
L)
tested
in
both
tests.
MAP
and
liquid
polyphosphate
concentrations
were
calculated
based
on
measurements
of
total
phosphate.
For
the
high
concentration
in
each
test,
the
measured
concentrations
were
85.9
and
101
mg/
L
of
MAP
and
liquid
polyphosphate,
respectively.
Acute
studies
with
Daphnia
magna
were
not
available
for
members
of
the
phosphate
category,
but
studies
have
been
conducted
with
commercial
grade
superphosphate
on
a
similar
daphnid
species,
Daphnia
carinata.
These
72
hour
studies
resulted
in
LC50
values
of
approximately
1,800
mg/
L
at
both
22
and
30
º
C.
Results
from
acute
toxicity
testing
of
other
aquatic
invertebrates
have
also
been
reported,
with
LC50
values
ranging
from
about
1,000
to
over
5,000
mg/
L
for
DAP
and
superphosphates.
Based
on
the
standard
Federal
Insecticide
Fungicide
and
Rodenticide
Act
(
FIFRA)
acute
toxicity
ratings
for
fish
and
Daphnia
(
below),
the
compounds
in
this
category
are
considered
slightly
toxic
to
practically
non­
toxic.

3
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
EC/
LC50
(
mg/
L)
Toxicity
Description
<
0.1
Very
Highly
Toxic
0.1­
1
Highly
Toxic
1­
10
Moderately
Toxic
10­
100
Slightly
Toxic
>
100
Practically
Non­
Toxic
Additional
studies
have
been
conducted
to
evahe
toxicity
of
DAP
and
GTSP
to
an
alga
species,
Selenastrum
capricornutum.
Bothrials
were
tested
according
to
OECD
protocols
under
GLP
conditions.
The
resultant
72­
hr
NOECs
were
97.1
and
87.6
mg/
L,
for
DAP
and
GTSP,
respectively.
No
anhibitory
effects
were
observed
in
either
test.
Some
stimulation
of
growth
was
noted
in
both
tests,
with
resultant
NOEC
values
of
3.57
and
21.6
mg/
L
for
DAP
and
GTpectively.
This
effect
is
consistent
ith
the
known
stimulatory
(
nutrient)
effect
of
phosphate
compounds
and
reflects
the
ed
50s
g
bw.
To
provide
additional
data
for
the
category,
additional
studies
MAP,
and
liquid
polyphosphate
using
the
OECD
"
up­
and­
down"
ditions.
For
all
three
compounds,
rats
received
an
initial
dose
of
by
oral
gavage.
All
animals
survived,
gained
weight,
and
appeared
thy
throughout
the
study
period,
with
no
signs
of
toxicity
observed
for
any
luate
t
mate
dverse
i
SP
res
w
phenomenon
that
some
level
of
phosphate
is
essential
(
e.
g.,
fisheries
productivity
is
dependent
on
sufficient
nutrient
availability)
but
excess
nutrient
levels
can
lead
to
overproduction.

Mammalian
Toxicity
Acute
toxicity
The
only
toxicity
study
available
from
the
literature
was
one
in
which
ewes
were
dos
with
a
granular
preparation
of
superphosphate.
The
reported
LD
for
this
study
wa
,000­
6,000
mg/
k
5
were
initiated
for
DAP,
protocol
under
GLP
con
2000
mg/
kg
bw
active
and
heal
of
the
test
materials.
Similarly,
additional
acute
toxicity
studies
for
exposure
via
the
dermal
route
were
conducted
on
DAP,
MAP,
and
liquid
polyphosphate
using
the
OECD
limit
test
protocol
under
GLP
conditions.
In
dermal
exposures
of
5,000
mg/
kg
bw,
no
signs
of
toxicity
were
observed
and
all
animals
survived,
gained
weight,
and
appeared
active
and
healthy
throughout
the
tests.
Based
on
the
standard
FIFRA
acute
toxicity
ratings
for
mammals
(
below),
the
compounds
in
this
category
are
considered
to
be
of
low
to
very
low
toxicity
(
40
CFR
156.62).

Toxicity
Category
I
II
III
IV
Toxicity
Rating
High
Moderate
Low
Very
Low
Oral
LD50
 
50
mg/
kg
>
50­
500
mg/
kg
>
500­
5000
mg/
kg
>
5000
mg/
kg
Dermal
LC
 
200
mg/
kg
50>
200­
2000
mg/
kg
>
2000­
20,000
mg/
kg
>
20,000
mg/
kg
Inhalation
LC50
 
0.2
mg/
L
>
0.2­
2
>
2­
20
mg/
L
>
20
mg/
L
mg/
L
4
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Skin
and
eye
irritation
No
specific
animal
studies
are
available
for
skin
and
eye
irritation.
Data
for
the
dermal
studies
described
above
indicate
that
skin
exposures
are
not
a
significant
concern.
However,
dust
from
the
solid
materials
and
coned
solutions
of
the
liquid
materials
can
be
mild
irritants.

Genotoxicity
In
vitro
bacterial
and
non­
bacterial
genotoxicity
studies
have
been
conducted
on
DAP
and
TSP
as
representatives
of
the
category.
Using
the
OECD
bacterial
reverse
mutation
assa
(
Ames)
protocol
under
GLP
conditions,
S.
typhimurium
strains
TA
98,
TA
100,
TA
ted
at
concentrations
of
50,
150,
500,
1,500,
and
5,000
µ
g/
plate.
Using
the
OECD
mammalian
chromosome
aberration
test
under
GLP
conditions,
Chinese
was
incorporated
into
the
food
of
mice
at
500
mg/
day
for
7
days.
Chrmosomal
aberrations
were
observed
in
the
bone
marrow
and
the
authors
concluded
erphosphate
was
clastogenic
and
possibly
mutagenic.
Given
the
high
doses
of
this
study
and
the
lack
of
effect
noted
in
the
in
vitro
studies
conducted
under
by
y
athological
parameters
among
the
low­,
mid­,
and
high­
dose
animals
showed
effects.
In
the
reproductive
ere
observed
in
a
non
dose­
related
manner.
No
effects
on
offspring
were
observed
in
either
study.
For
GTSP,
the
he
nd
centra
t
G
y
1535,
TA
1537
were
tes
hamster
ovaries
were
tested
at
concentrations
from
185
to
1,480
µ
g/
mL.
In
all
of
the
in
vitro
genotoxicity
studies,
results
were
negative
in
all
cases
both
with
and
without
metabolic
activation.
One
in
vivo
study
is
reported
in
the
literature
from
1988
in
which
single
superphosphate
o
that
single
sup
GLP
conditions,
the
genotoxicity
potential
appears
to
be
low.

Repeated
dose,
reproductive
and
developmental
toxicity
Studies
have
been
conducted
on
DAP
and
GTSP
using
the
OECD
Guideline
422
combined
protocol
that
provides
data
on
repeated
dose
exposures
as
well
as
reproductive
and
developmental
endpoints.
Doses
of
250,
750,
and
1500
mg/
kg/
day
were
given
gavage
to
male
and
female
rats
daily
(
7
days/
week).
Animals
were
divided
between
separate
toxicity
and
reproductive
subgroups.
The
exposure
period
for
the
toxicity
subgroup
was
35
days,
while
the
exposure
period
for
the
reproductive
subgroup
was
at
most
28
days
among
males
and
53
days
among
females.
No
treatment­
related
mortalit
or
signs
of
overt
clinical
toxicity
were
observed
in
either
subgroup.
In
the
toxicity
subgroup,
several
hematological,
clinical
chemistry,
and
histop
subgroup,
effects
on
body
weight
and
food
consumption
w
resulting
NOAEL
for
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity
was
750
mg/
kg/
day.
T
resultant
LOAELs
were
250
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
for
the
general
toxicity
and
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity,
respectively.
For
DAP,
the
NOAEL
for
general
toxicity
was
250
mg/
kg/
day
and
for
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity
was
1,500
mg/
kg/
day.
The
LOAELs
were
500
and
>
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
for
the
general
toxicity
a
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity,
respectively.

5
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
IV.
Conclusion
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category
A
substantial
amount
of
data
has
been
produced
for
the
compounds
in
the
phosphat
compounds
category.
These
data
include
GLP
studies
on
the
acute
oral
and
dermal
toxicity
of
DAP,
MAP,
and
liquid
phosphate
and
bacterial
and
non­
bacterial
genotoxicit
studies
on
DAP
and
GTSP.
Additionally,
GLP
acute
fish
studies
were
conducted
on
liquid
polyphosphate
and
MAP,
and
GLP
algae
studies
were
conducted
on
DA
GTSP.
Combined
repeat
dose/
reproductive/
developmental
studies
were
also
conducted
on
DAP
and
GTSP.
The
results
indicate
that
these
compounds
are
slightly
toxic
to
practically
non­
toxic
for
aquatic
organisms
and
of
low
to
very
low
toxicity
for
mammals
The
compounds
in
the
phosphate
category
are
adeq
e
y
P
and
.
uately
characterized.

6
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
TABLE
1:
CATEGORIES
FOR
PRODUCT
TESTING
PROJECT
CATEGORY
COMPOUND
CAS
NUMBER
Ammonia
Compounds
Anhydrous
ammonia
Aqua
ammonia
Ammonium
nitrate
Ammonium
sulfate
Ammonium
thiosulfate
Nitrogen
solutions
(
UAN)*
Ammonium
phosphate
sulfate
Diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP)
Monoammonium
phosphate
(
MAP)
Urea
7664­
41­
7
1336­
21­
6
6484­
52­
2
7783­
20­
2
7783­
18­
8
15978­
77­
5
12593­
60­
1
7783­
28­
0
7722­
76­
1
57­
13­
6
Nitrate
Compounds
Sodium
nitrate
Ammonium
nitrate
Potassium
nitrate
Potassium
sodium
nitrate
Nitrogen
solutions
(
UAN)*
7631­
99­
4
6484­
52­
2
7757­
79­
1
7757­
79­
1/
7631­
99­
4
15978­
77­
5
Phosphate
Compounds
Diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP)
Monoammonium
phosphate
(
MAP)
Liquid
polyphosphate
Single
superphosphate**
Granular
triple
superphosphate**
7783­
28­
0
7722­
76­
1
­­
8011­
76­
5
65996­
95­
4
Salts
Potassium
chloride
Potassium
magnesium
sulfate
Potassium
nitrate
Potassium
sodium
nitrate
Potassium
sulfate
Calcium
sulfate
7447­
40­
7
14168­
73­
1
7757­
79­
1
7757­
79­
1/
7631­
99­
4
7778­
80­
5
7778­
18­
9
Acids
Phosphoric
acid
Nitric
acid
Sulfuric
acid
7664­
38­
2
7697­
37­
2
7664­
93­
9
*
=
Nitrogen
solutions
are
represented
largely
by
Urea­
Ammonia­
Nitrogen
(
UAN;
15978­
77­
5)
**
=
Single
superphosphate
and
granular
triple
superphosphate
are
combined
into
a
single
dossier.
­­
=
No
CAS
number
readily
available
7
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
V.
REFERENCES
CITED
21
CFR
582.1141
as
cited
in
Hazardous
Substances
Data
Bank
(
HSDB).
1999.
Calcium
Superphosphate
.
National
Library
of
Medicine,
Bethesda,
MD.

40
CFR
156.62.
Toxicity
Category.

Aufderheide,
J.
A.
and
Bussard,
J.
B.
2000.
Toxicity
of
triple
superphosphate
(
GTSP)
to
the
unicellular
green
alga,
Selenastrum
Capricornutum.
ABC
Labs
Study
No.
46208.

Bhat,
M.
R.
and
Ramaswamy,
C.
1993.
Effect
of
ammonia,
urea
and
diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP)
on
lung
functions
in
fertilizer
plant
workers.
Indian
J.
Physiol.
Pharmacol.
37:
222­
224.

European
Commission.
2000a.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

European
Commission.
2000b.
Diammonium
Hydrogenorthophosphate.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

Gilman.
1990.
Pharm
Basis
Therap
8th
Ed.
p.
1501
as
cited
in
HSDB.
1999.
Calcium
Superphosphate
.
National
Library
of
Medicine,
Bethesda,
MD.

Gudi,
R.
and
Brown,
C.
2001.
In
vitro
mammalian
chromosome
aberration
test:
granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP).
BioReliance
Study
No.
AA43RC.
331.
BTL.

Johnson,
W.
W.
and
Sanders,
H.
O.
1977.
Chemical
forest
fire
retardants:
Acute
toxicity
to
five
freshwater
fishes
and
a
scud.
Technical
Papers
of
the
U.
S.
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service.

Lohry,
R.
2001.
Ortho
vs.
poly.
The
Fluid
Journal.
Issue
#
35,
9(
4):
1­
3.

OECD.
1997.
SIDS
Manual.
OECD
Secretariat,
3rd
Revision,
July
1997.

USEPA.
1999.
Development
of
Chemical
Categories
in
the
HPV
Challenge
Program.
www.
epa.
gove/
chemrtk/
catdoc29.
pdf.

8
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
PROFILE
Date:
March
11,
2003
1.01
A.
CAS
No.
65996­
95­
4
8011­
76­
5
1.01
C.
CHEMICAL
NAME
(
OECD
NAME)
Single
Superphosphate
Triple
Superphosphate
1.01
D
CAS
DESCRIPTOR
Single
Superphosphate
Triple
Superphosphate
1.01
G
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
H4
P2
O8
OTHER
CHEMICAL
IDENTITY
INFORMATION
Not
applicable
1.5
QUANTITY
Greater
than
1
million
tonnes
per
annum
1.7
USE
PATTERN
Both
single
and
triple
superphosphates
are
used
exclusively
as
fertilizer
materials.

1.9
SOURCES
AND
LEVELS
OF
EXPOSURE
Low
human
exposure
is
expected
because
SSP
and
GTSP
are
manufactured
in
closed
systems.
Exposure
to
dusts
and
direct
contact
with
the
material
is
possible
during
fertilizer
application.
ISSUES
FOR
DISCUSSION
The
data
for
single
and
triple
superphosphates
should
be
evaluated
in
combination
with
the
other
materials
in
the
phosphates
category.

8
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARY
Date:
January
27,
2003
SINGLE
SUPERPHOSPHATE
(
CAS
NO.
8011­
76­
5)
TRIPLE
SUPERPHOSPHATE
(
CAS
NO.
65996­
95­
4)
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
Melting
Point
110
°
C
2.2
Boiling
Point
See
Appendix
B
results*
2.3
Density
1,035
kg/
m3
2.4
Vapor
Pressure
See
Appendix
B
results*
2.5
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
No
data
available
2.6A
Water
Solubility
18
g/
L
at
20
°
C
2.6B
pH
value
2.8­
2.9
in
10%
water
suspension
2.7
Flash
Point
Not
applicable
2.8
Auto
Flammability
See
Appendix
B
results*
2.9
Flammability
See
Appendix
B
results*
2.10
Explosive
Properties
See
Appendix
B
results*
2.11
Oxidizing
Properties
See
Appendix
B
results*
2.12
Oxidation:
Reduction
Potential
No
data
available
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
Photodegradation
No
data
available
3.1.2
Stability
in
Water
See
Appendix
B
results*
3.1.3
Stability
in
Soil
Stable
3.3.2
Distribution
Calculated,
Fugacity
Level
III
1x10­
6
%
to
air
49.8%
to
water
50.1%
to
soil
0.092%
to
sediment
3.5
Biodegradation
Biodegradable
3.7
Bioaccumulation
See
Appendix
B
results*
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
Acute
Toxicity
to
Fish
Labeo
rohita,
Catla
catla,
Cirrhinus
mrigala,
Cyprinus
carpio,
Tilapia
mossambica
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,560­
5,900
ppm
4.2A
Acute
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
Daphnia
carinata
LC50
=
1,790­
1,825
mg/
L
4.2B
Acute
Toxicity
to
Other
Aquatic
Organisms
Moina
micrura,
Cyclops
viridis,
72
hrs
LC50
=
1,625­
2,305
ppm
Branchiura
sowerbyi,
Planorbis
exustus,
Lymnaea
leuteola,
Viviparus
bengalensis,
Chironomus
sp
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,133­
5,005
ppm
4.3
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Plants
(
Algae)
Selenastrum
capricornutum
OECD
201
NOEC
(
toxicity)
=
87.6
mg/
L
NOEC
(
stimulation)
=
21.6
mg/
L
4.4
Toxicity
to
Bacteria
No
data
available
4.5.1
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
No
data
available
4.5.2
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
No
data
available
4.6.1
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Organisms
No
data
available
4.6.2
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
See
text
4.6.3
Toxicity
to
Other
Non­
Mammalian
Terrestrial
Species
No
data
available
9
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SINGLE
SUPERPHOSPHATE
(
CAS
NO.
8011­
76­
5)
TRIPLE
SUPERPHOSPHATE
(
CAS
NO.
65996­
95­
4)
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
TOXICITY
5.1.1
Acute
Oral
Toxicity
Sheep
LD50
=
5,000­
6,000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.2
Acute
Inhalation
Toxicity
No
data
available
5.1.3
Acute
Dermal
Toxicity
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.1.4
Acute
Toxicity,
Other
Routes
No
data
available
5.2.1
Skin
Irritation/
Corrosion
Mild
irritant
5.2.2
Eye
Irritation/
Corrosion
Mild
irritant
5.3
Skin
Sensitization
No
data
available
5.4
Repeated
Dose
Toxicity
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.5
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
Salmonella
typhimurium
OECD
471
Negative
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
OECD
473
Negative
5.6
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.7
Carcinogenicity
No
data
available
5.8
Toxicity
to
Reproduction
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.9
Developmental
Toxicity/
Teratogenicity
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.10
Additional
Information
See
text
5.11
Human
Experience
See
text
1.8
Occupational
Exposure
Limits
No
TLV
established
*
See
Appendix
B
results
for
data
on
other
chemicals
in
the
phosphate
category.

10
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
1.
GENERAL
INFORMATION
1.01
SUBSTANCE
INFORMATION
A.
CAS
number
8011­
76­
5
(
Single
superphosphate)
65996­
95­
4
(
Triple
superphosphate)

B.
Name
(
IUPAC
name)
Single
superphosphate
Superphosphates,
concentrated
C.
Name
(
OECD
name)
Single
superphosphate
Triple
superphosphate
D.
CAS
Descriptor
Not
applicable
E.
EINECS
Number
232­
379­
5
(
Single
superphosphate)
266­
030­
3
(
Triple
superphosphate)

F.
Molecular
Formula
H4
O8
P2
G.
Structural
Formula
H4
O8
P2
SMILES:
OP(
O)(=
O)
OOP(
O)(=
O)
O
H.
Substance
Group
Not
applicable
I.
Substance
Remark
Not
applicable
J.
Molecular
Weight
194.1
1.02
OECD
INFORMATION
A.
Sponsor
Country
Not
applicable
B.
Lead
Organization
Name
of
Lead
Organization:
Not
applicable
C.
Name
of
Responder
Name:
Mr.
William
C.
Herz,
Director
of
Scientific
Programs
Address/
Phones:
The
Fertilizer
Institute
Union
Center
Plaza
820
First
Street,
NE,
Suite
430
Washington,
DC
20002
USA
Tel:
(
202)
962­
0490
Fax:
(
202)
962­
0577
11
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
1.1
GENERAL
SUBSTANCE
INFORMATION
A.
Type
of
Substance
element
[
];
inorganic
[
X];
natural
substance
[
];
organic
[
];
organometallic
[
];
petroleum
product
[
]

B.
Physical
State
(
at
20
°
C
and
1.013
hPa)

gaseous
[
];
liquid
[
];
solid
[
X]

C.
Purity
>
98%

1.2
SYNONYMS
Superphosphate
Single
superphosphate
(
SSP)
Normal
superphosphate
Ordinary
superphosphate
Triple
superphosphate
(
TSP)
Granular
triple
superphosphate
(
GTSP)

1.3
IMPURITIES
Remarks:
None
identified
1.4
ADDITIVES
Remarks:
None
identified
1.5
QUANTITY
Remarks:
0.5
to
1
million
tonnes
per
annum.
1.5
million
tons
produced
in
US
in
1994.
Estimated
greater
than
4
million
tonnes
worldwide
in
1999.
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.
SRI
Consulting
Chemical
Industries
Newsletter,
May/
June
1996.

1.6
LABELING
AND
CLASSIFICATION
Remarks:
No
specific
labeling
required.

12
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
1.7
USE
PATTERN
A.
General
Type
of
Use:
Category:

main
Wide
dispersive
use
industrial
Agricultural
industry
use
Fertilizer
Remarks:
Both
single
and
triple
superphosphate
are
used
exclusively
as
fertilizer
materials.
Reference:
1)
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.
2)
Hazardous
Substances
Data
Bank
(
HSDB).
1999.
Calcium
Superphosphate
.
National
Library
of
Medicine,
Bethesda,
MD.
3)
Lauriente,
D.
H.
1996.
Normal
superphosphate
(
abstract).
Chemical
Economic
Handbook.
p.
760­
5500
A.
4)
Lauriente,
D.
H.
1996.
Triple
superphosphate
(
abstract).
Chemical
Economic
Handbook.
p.
760­
5000
A.

B.
Uses
in
Consumer
Products
Remarks:
Superphosphates
may
be
components
of
lawn
and
garden
fertilizers.

1.8
OCCUPATIONAL
EXPOSURE
LIMIT
VALUE
Exposure
limit
value
Type:
OSHA
PEL
Value:
15
mg/
m3
total
dust;
5
mg/
m3
respirable
fraction.
Remark:
No
specific
limit
has
been
set,
however,
the
federal
OSHA
PEL
for
particulates
not
otherwise
regulated
applies
to
all
fertilizer
dusts.
Regulated
limits
may
vary
in
local
jurisdictions.

1.9
SOURCES
OF
EXPOSURE
Remarks:
The
primary
source
of
exposure
is
skin
and
eye
contact
and
inhalation.
Triple
superphosphate
is
imported
as
a
granular
material
and
dry­
blended
with
other
granular
raw
materials
(
potassium
chloride
and
limestone)
to
produce
PK
fertilizers.
The
finished
products
are
handled
by
industrial
operators,
merchants,
and
farm
workers.

13
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
References:
Kemira
Ince
Ltd.
Ince,
Chester.
[
cited
in
European
Commission
1996]

1.10
ADDITIONAL
REMARKS
A.
Options
for
disposal
Remarks:
Single
and
Triple
Superphosphates
should
be
disposed
of
in
accordance
with
federal,
state
and
local
environmental
control
regulations.
Generally
a
sufficient
method
is
to
sweep
spilled
substance
into
covered
containers,
and
wash
away
the
remainder
with
plenty
of
water.
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

2.
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
MELTING
POINT
(
a)
Value:
110
°
C
Method:
Not
specified
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

2.2
BOILING
POINT
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.3
DENSITY
(
Relative
Density)

(
a)
Type:
Bulk
density
[
X];
Density
[
];
Relative
Density
[
]
Value:
1,035
kg/
m3
Method:
Not
specified
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

14
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
(
b)
Type:
Bulk
density
[
];
Density
[
X];
Relative
Density
[
]
Value:
2.22
mg/
L
Temperature:
18
°
C
Method:
Not
specified
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
Remarks:
Data
for
calcium
superphosphate
(
CAS
#
7758­
23­
8)
References:
Budavari,
S.
(
ed.).
1996.
The
Merck
Index.
12th
ed.
Whitehouse
Station:
Merck
Research
Laboratories.
p.
1736.

2.4
VAPOR
PRESSURE
Remarks:
No
specific
data
available.

2.5
PARTITION
COEFFICIENT
logPow
Remarks:
No
specific
data
available.

2.6
WATER
SOLUBILITY
A.
Solubility
Value:
1.8
g/
100
mL
Temperature:
30
°
C
Description:
Miscible
[
];
Of
very
high
solubility
[
X];
Of
high
solubility
[
];
Soluble
[
];
Slightly
soluble
[
]
Of
low
solubility
[
];
Of
very
low
solubility
[
];
Not
soluble
[
]
Method:
Not
specified
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
Remarks:
Decomposes
in
hot
water.
Data
for
calcium
superphosphate
(
CAS
#
7758­
23­
8),
which
is
the
only
water
soluble
component.
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.
Lide,
D.
R..
(
ed.).
CRC
Handbook
of
Chemistry
and
Physics
.
1991.
72nd
ed.
Boston:
CRC
Press.

B.
pH
Value,
pKa
Value
pH
Value:
2.8­
2.9
Concentration:
10%
water­
suspension
Temperature:
Not
specified
Method:
Not
specified
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]

15
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

2.7
FLASH
POINT
(
liquids)

Remarks:
Not
applicable.

2.8
AUTO
FLAMMABILITY
(
solid/
gases)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.9
FLAMMABILITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.10
EXPLOSIVE
PROPERTIES
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.11
OXIDIZING
PROPERTIES
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.12
OXIDATION:
REDUCTION
POTENTIAL
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
AND
PATHWAYS
3.1
STABILITY
3.1.1
PHOTODEGRADATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.1.2
STABILITY
IN
WATER
Remarks:
No
data
available.

16
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
3.1.3
STABILITY
IN
SOIL
Type:
Field
trial
[
];
Laboratory
[
];
Other
[
X]
Test
substance:
Triple
superphosphate
Remarks:
When
triple
superphosphate
is
applied
to
soil,
the
water­
soluble
monocalcium
phosphate
rapidly
dissolves
in
the
soil
solution.
In
calcareous,
neutral,
or
slightly
acidic
soil,
it
is
quickly
precipitated
as
available
dicalcium
phosphate
by
calcium
ions
present
in
the
soil
solution.
In
acidic
soil,
phosphate
is
precipitated
by
iron
and
aluminum
compounds.
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

3.2
MONITORING
DATA
(
ENVIRONMENTAL)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.3
TRANSPORT
AND
DISTRIBUTION
BETWEEN
ENVIRONMENTAL
COMPARTMENTS
INCLUDING
ESTIMATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCENTRATIONS
AND
DISTRIBUTION
PATHWAYS
3.3.1
TRANSPORT
Type
of
measurement:
Adsorption
[
];
Desorption
[
];
Volatility
[
];
Other
[
X]
Remarks:
Inorganic
phosphates
are
retained
by
most
soils
in
"
fixed"
forms.
Very
little
phosphorus
is
lost
by
leaching.
The
largest
losses
occur
in
sandy
soils,
which
have
both
low
capacity
to
retain
water
and
low
buffer
capacity
for
the
phosphate.
The
main
way
in
which
phosphorus
originating
in
fertilizers
may
reach
natural
water
is
through
surface
runoff
and
erosion
of
the
soil.
These
losses
are
normally
small.
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

3.3.2
THEORETICAL
DISTRIBUTION
(
FUGACITY
CALCULATION)

Method:
Fugacity
Level
III
(
Mackay
type)
Mass
Distribution
by
Environmental
Compartment:
Air
1.1
x
10­
6
%
Water
49.8%
Soil
50.1%
Sediment
0.092%

17
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Remarks:
Analysis
is
performed
on
calcium
super
phosphate
References:
USEPA.
2000.
EPISUITE
Estimation
Program
V.
3.10.
US
Environmental
Protection
Agency.

3.4
IDENTIFICATION
OF
MAIN
MODE
OF
DEGRADABILITY
IN
ACTUAL
USE
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.5
BIODEGRADATION
Remarks:
Phosphates
may
be
regarded
as
degradable.
They
are
utilized
by
all
living
organisms
which,
ordinarily,
do
not
change
the
oxidation
number
of
phosphorus.
However,
some
bacteria
under
anaerobic
conditions
can
reduce
phosphates
to
phosphine
(
PH3
).
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

3.6
BOD5
,
COD
OR
RATIO
BOD5
/
COD
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.7
BIOACCUMULATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.8
ADDITIONAL
REMARKS
(
a)
Remarks:
An
increase
of
cadmium
content
in
the
triple
superphosphate
fertilized
soils
compared
to
unfertilized
soils
has
been
found
at
5
out
of
9
locations
of
agricultural
research
stations
where
fertilizers
contained
<
10
mg
Cd/
kg
in
treated
soil
versus
0.29
mg
Cd/
kg
in
untreated
soil.
These
experiments
have
shown
little
cadmium
accumulation
in
corn
(
Zea
mays
L.),
soybean
(
Glycine
max.
Merr.),
wheat
(
Triticum
aestivum)
and
timothy
forage
(
Phleum
pratense
L.)
cropped
on
soils
which
have
received
triple
superphosphate
at
normal
recommended
phosphorus
rates
over
50
years.
References:
Mortvedt,
J.
J.
1987.
J.
Environ.
Qual.
16:
137­
142.
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

18
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
(
b)
Remarks:
In
triple
superphosphate
fertilized
soils
at
the
rate
of
175
kg
P/
ha/
yr
over
a
36­
y
period,
cadmium
levels
in
the
treated
plots
were
an
average
of
14
times
greater
than
those
of
the
control
plots
(
1
versus
0.07
mg
Cd/
kg).
About
71%
of
the
accumulated
cadmium
has
been
found
in
the
soil
surface
(
0
to
15
cm).
Cadmium
levels
in
grain
and
leaves
of
barley
cropped
on
heavy
fertilized
soils
were
not
greater
than
those
of
barley
grown
on
the
control
soils.
However,
when
soils
from
both
plots
were
used
in
greenhouse
pot
experiments,
cadmium
uptake
by
Swiss
chard
was
significantly
higher
from
the
triple
superphosphate
soil.
No
yield
depression
was
observed.
References:
Mulla,
D.
J.
et
al.
1980.
J.
Environ.
Qual.
9:
408­
412.
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

(
c)
Remarks:
After
nine
annual
applications
of
triple
superphosphate
fertilizer
at
the
rate
of
1,344
kg/
ha
(
16­
fold
the
optimum
rate),
cadmium
concentrations
in
fertilized
and
unfertilized
snap
bean
seed
(
Phaseolus
vulgaris)
beet
blade­
petioles­
root
(
Beta
vulgaris),
cabbage
heads
and
core
leaves
and
grain
(
Zea
mays)
were
similar.
References:
Mortvedt,
J.
J.
1985.
Chem.
Abst.
102:
203169J.
[
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.].

4.
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
ACUTE/
PROLONGED
TOXICITY
TO
FISH
Type
of
test:
Static
[
];
Semi­
static
[
];
Flow­
through
[
];
Other
(
e.
g.
field
test)
[
]
Open­
system
[
];
Closed­
system
[
]
Species:
Labeo
rohita,
Catla
catla,
Cirrhinus
mrigala,
Cyprinus
carpio,
and
Tilapia
mossambica
Exposure
period:
96­
hours
Results:
LC50
(
96­
h;
L.
rohita)
=
3,460
ppm
superphosphate
LC50
(
96­
h;
C.
catla)
=
2,620
ppm
superphosphate
LC50
(
96­
h;
C.
mrigala)
=
1,560
ppm
superphosphate
LC50
(
96­
h;
C.
carpio)
=
3,900
ppm
superphosphate
LC50
(
96­
h;
T.
mossambica)
=
5,900
ppm
superphosphate
Analytical
monitoring:
Yes
[
];
No
[
];
?
[
X]
Method:
American
Public
Health
Association.
Standard
Methods
for
the
Examination
of
Water
and
Wastewater
.
1975.

19
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Bioassays
were
performed
in
the
laboratory
at
30.8
°
C
using
unchlorinated
borehole
water
at
pH
7.5.
Tests
were
run
for
96­
hours
in
15­
L
glass
aquaria
for
fingerlings
and
in
500­
mL
beakers
for
hatchlings.
Each
aquarium
held
25
hatchlings
and
each
beaker
held
8
to
16
fish.
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
Test
substance:
Commercial
grade
superphosphate
(
H4
P2
O8
)
Remarks:
Single
superphosphate
was
the
less
toxic
to
fish
than
urea,
ammonium
sulfate,
or
muriate
of
potash.
Hatchlings
were
more
resistant
to
superphosphate
than
were
fingerlings
of
the
same
species.
At
3,800
kg/
ha
superphosphate,
gills
were
choked
with
superphosphate
particles
causing
rupture
of
gill
capillaries.
References:
Konar,
S.
K.
and
Sarkar,
S.
K.
1983.
Acute
toxicity
of
agricultural
fertilizers
to
fishes.
Geobios
10:
6­
9.

4.2
ACUTE
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
INVERTEBRATES
A.
Daphnia
Type
of
test:
Static
[
];
Semi­
static
[
X];
flow­
through
[
];
Open­
system
[
X];
Closed­
system
[
]
Species:
Daphnia
carinata
(
water
flea)
Exposure
period:
72­
hours
Results:
LC50
(
22.7
°
C)
=
1,790
mg/
L
LC50
(
30.8
°
C)
=
1,825
mg/
L
Analytical
monitoring:
Yes
[
];
No
[
X];
?
[
]
Method:
D.
carinata
collected
from
local
ponds
were
acclimated
to
laboratory
conditions
for
four
days.
Bioassays
were
performed
according
to
American
Public
Health
Association.
Standard
Methods
for
the
Examination
of
Water
and
Wastewater
.
1975.
Experiments
were
run
at
22.7
°
C
and
30.8
°
C
for
72­
hours
in
500
mL
beakers
using
unchlorinated
well
water
at
pH
7.0.
Twenty
animals
were
kept
per
container
and
six
replicates
were
conducted
for
each
test
and
control.
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
Test
substance:
Commercial
grade
superphosphate
(
H4
P2
O8
)
Remarks:
According
to
the
authors,
there
should
be
no
deleterious
effects
from
the
use
of
superphosphate
at
recommended
rates
for
constant
fertility
of
ponds.
References:
Sarkar,
S.
K.
1990.
Toxicity
evaluation
of
superphosphate
on
some
aquatic
invertebrates
exposed
to
temperature.
J.
Environ.
Biol.
11(
2):
97­
100.

20
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
B.
Other
aquatic
organisms
Type
of
test:
Static
[
];
Semi­
static
[
];
Flow­
through
[
];
Open­
system
[
];
Closed­
system
[
]
Species:
Moina
micrura
(
zooplankton),
Cyclops
viridis
(
zooplankton),
Branchiura
sowerbyi
(
worm),
Chironomus
(
insect
larvae),
Dragonfly
nymph
(
insect
larvae),
Planorbis
exustus
(
mollusc),
Lymnaea
leuteola
(
mollusc),
Viviparus
bengalensis
(
mollusc)
Exposure
period:
72­
hours
or
96­
hours
Results:
Avg.
LC50
(
Moina
micrura;
72­
h)
=
1,625
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Cyclops
viridis;
72­
h)
=
2,305
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Branchiura
sowerbyi;
96­
h)
=
3,320
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Chironomus;
96­
h)
=
1,510
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Dragonfly
nymph;
96­
h)
=
1,133
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Planorbis
exustus;
96­
h)
=
5,005
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Lymnaea
leuteola;
96­
h)
=
2,950
ppm
superphosphate
Avg.
LC50
(
Viviparus
bengalensis;
96­
h)
=
2,350
ppm
superphosphate
Analytical
monitoring:
Yes
[
];
No
[
];
?
[
X]
Method:
American
Public
Health
Association
1975
Bioassays
were
performed
under
two
different
temperatures
(
22.7o
C
and
30.8o
C)
for
72­
h
in
500
mL
beakers
for
plankton
and
for
96­
h
for
other
animals.
Each
container
held
20
animals
and
six
replicates
were
used
for
each
test.
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Commercial
grade
superphosphate
(
N­
P2
O5
­
K2
O
ratio
=
0­
16­
0)
Remarks:
Plankton
were
most
susceptible
and
molluscs
were
most
tolerant
to
the
fertilizer.
This
study
indicates
that
superphosphate
is
practically
nontoxic
to
aquatic
invertebrates.
No
significant
difference
in
toxicity
was
observed
at
the
two
temperatures
tested.
Results
are
reported
as
the
average
of
the
two
values
for
each
species.
References:
Sarkar,
S.
K.
1990.
Toxicity
evaluation
of
superphosphate
on
some
aquatic
invertebrates
exposed
to
temperature.
J.
Environ.
Biol.
11:
97­
100.

21
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
4.3
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
PLANTS,
e.
g.
algae
Species:
Selenastrum
capricornutum
Endpoint:
Biomass
[
X
];
Growth
rate
[
X
];
Other
[
]
Exposure
period:
72
hours
Results:
NOEC
(
toxicity)
=
87.6
mg/
L
(
nominal
>
100
mg/
L)
NOEC
(
stimulation)
=
21.6
mg/
L
Analytical
monitoring:
Yes
[
X
];
No
[
];
?
[
]
Method:
OECD
201,
1984.
Open­
system
[
X
];
Closed­
system
[
]
GLP:
Yes
[
X
]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Granular
Triple
Superphosphate
(
GTSP;
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5/
65996­
95­
4)
Remarks:
No
adverse
inhibitory
effects
were
observed.
There
was
some
stimulation
at
50
mg/
L
and
above.
This
was
consistent
with
the
known
stimulatory
effect
of
phosphate
compounds.
The
measured
concentrations
were
calculated
from
total
phosphate
measurements.
References:
Aufderheide,
J.
A.
and
Bussard,
J.
B.
2000.
Toxicity
of
granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP)
to
the
unicellular
green
alga,
Selenastrum
capricornutum.
ABC
Labs
Study
No.
46208.

4.4
TOXICITY
TO
BACTERIA
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.5
CHRONIC
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
ORGANISMS
4.5.1
CHRONIC
TOXICITY
TO
FISH
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.5.2
CHRONIC
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
INVERTEBRATES
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.6
TOXICITY
TO
TERRESTRIAL
ORGANISMS
4.6.1
TOXICITY
TO
SOIL
DWELLING
ORGANISMS
Remarks:
No
data
available.

22
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
4.6.2
TOXICITY
TO
TERRESTRIAL
PLANTS
Species:
Freesia
and
lettuce
Endpoint:
Emergence
[
];
Growth
[
];
Other
[
X]
Leaf
scorch
Exposure
period:
Not
specified
Results:
In
pot
tests,
leaf
scorches
on
plants
were
observed
only
when
applied
triple
superphosphate
contained
1.86­
2.78%
F­
.
Uptake
of
F­
by
plants
was
reduced
by
increasing
soil
pH
by
liming.
Injury
symptoms
on
Freesia
hybrida
leaves
were
observed
on
plants
fertilized
with
triple
superphosphate
containing
1.0­
1.6%
F­
.
Method:
Not
specified
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?[
X]
Test
substance:
Triple
superphosphate
Remarks:
Reported
in
the
IUCLID
database
based
on
two
Chemical
Abstracts
citations.
Data
reporting
is
incomplete
and
it
is
difficult
to
assess
validity.
References:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

4.6.3
TOXICITY
TO
OTHER
NON
MAMMALIAN
TERRESTRIAL
SPECIES
(
INCLUDING
AVIAN)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.7
BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS
MONITORING
(
INCLUDING
BIOMAGNIFICATION)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.8
BIOTRANSFORMATION
AND
KINETICS
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.
TOXICITY
5.1
ACUTE
TOXICITY
5.1.1
ACUTE
ORAL
TOXICITY
Type:
LD0
[
];
LD100
[
];
LD50
[
X];
LDL0
[
];
Other
[
]
Species/
strain:
Sheep
(
Romney
ewes)
Value:
5,000­
6,000
mg/
kg
bw
23
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Method:
Superphosphate
was
a
granulated
preparation
containing
9.9%
phosphate
(
9.5%
soluble
in
2%
citric
acid).
The
pH
of
solution
was
3.0.
Six
dry,
five
pregnant
and
five
lactating
ewes
were
dosed
once
a
day
with
25­
200
g
single
superphosphate.
Ewes
were
run
at
pasture
and
confined
for
three
hours
each
day
for
blood
and
urine
samples.
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
Test
substance:
Superphosphate
(
H4
P2
O8
)
Remarks:
The
wide
range
of
doses
and
small
number
of
treated
animals
did
not
allow
for
a
precisely
calculated
LD50
.
The
LD50
was
estimated
based
on
200­
250
g
for
a
40
kg
sheep.
Ewes
in
all
three
groups
given
lethal
doses
developed
similar
clinical
signs;
an
initial
period
of
anorexia
and
mild
depression
starting
within
two
days
of
the
onset
of
dosing
followed
by
a
terminal
illness,
24
to
48
hours
prior
to
death,
characterized
by
diarrhea
and
severe
depression
leading
to
semicoma
and
recumbency.
Six
ewes
that
received
sub­
lethal
doses
were
depressed
and
diarrheic
for
up
to
6­
days,
but
made
a
rapid
recovery.
References:
O'Hara,
P.
J.,
McCausland,
I.
P.,
and
Coup,
M.
R.
1982.
Phosphatic
fertiliser
poisoning
of
sheep:
experimental
studies.
New
Zealand
Veterinary
Journal
30:
165­
169.

5.1.2
ACUTE
INHALATION
TOXICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.1.3
ACUTE
DERMAL
TOXICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.1.4
ACUTE
TOXICITY
BY
OTHER
ROUTES
OF
ADMINISTRATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.2
CORROSIVENESS/
IRRITATION
5.2.1
SKIN
IRRITATION/
CORROSION
Remarks:
Mild
irritation.
References:
MSDS,
Canadian
Centre
for
Occupational
Health
&
Safety
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

24
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
5.2.2
EYE
IRRITATION/
CORROSION
Remarks:
Mild
irritation.
References:
MSDS,
Canadian
Centre
for
Occupational
Health
&
Safety
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

5.3
SKIN
SENSITIZATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.4
REPEATED
DOSE
TOXICITY
(
a)
Species:
Rat
Sex/
Strain:
Male/
Female
Crl:
CD(
SD)
IGS
BR
Route
of
Administration:
Gavage
Exposure
Period:
Animals
were
divided
between
two
subgroups
(
toxicity
and
reproductive
subgroups).
The
exposure
period
for
the
toxicity
subgroup
was
35
days,
while
the
exposure
period
for
the
reproductive
subgroup
was
at
most
28
days
among
males
and
53
days
among
females.
Frequency
of
Treatment:
Daily
Doses:
0,
250,
750,
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
(
Doses
were
selected
based
on
parameters
assessed
in
a
range­
finding
study
at
concentrations
up
to
1,000
mg/
kg/
day)
NOAEL:
None
assigned
for
general
toxicity;
however
the
stomach
submucosal
effect
seen
at
all
doses
may
have
been
a
result
of
irritation
due
to
the
low
pH
(
2­
3)
of
the
test
solution
that
was
gavaged.
750
mg/
kg/
day
(
reproduction/
developmental
toxicity)
LOAEL:
250
mg/
kg/
day
(
general
toxicity)
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
(
reproduction/
developmental
toxicity)
GLP:
Yes
Method:
Toxicity
subgroup:
Animals
comprising
the
toxicity
subgroup
(
5
males
and
5
females
per
dose
group)
were
administered
granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP)
for
5
weeks
(
7
days/
week)
via
gavage
administration.
Among
toxicity
subgroup
animals,
functional
observations
(
sensory
reactivity,
grip
strength,
motor
activity)
and
bleeds
for
hematology
and
blood
chemistry
were
conducted
during
week
5
of
treatment.
Organ
weights
were
recorded
at
termination
during
Week
6
and
major
organs
and
tissues
(
and
any
other
abnormalities
observed
at
necropsy)
were
processed
for
microscopic
examination.

25
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Reproductive
subgroup:
Animals
comprising
the
reproductive
subgroup
(
5
males
and
10
females)
were
administered
GTSP
for
a
period
encompassing
approximately
53
continuous
days
via
oral
gavage:
14
days
of
initial
treatment,
plus
a
maximum
of
14
days
of
cohabitation
to
ensure
mating,
and
among
females,
at
least
25
days
to
litter
and
rear
their
young
until
Day
4
of
age.
Histology
for
reproductive
subgroup
animals
was
restricted
to
retained
reproductive
organs
(
and
any
other
abnormalities
observed
at
necropsy).
Result:
Toxicity
subgroup:
There
were
no
treatment­
related
deaths
and
no
signs
of
overt
clinical
toxicity.
During
weeks
1­
2,
bodyweight
gain
was
slightly
reduced
among
toxicity
subgroup
females
at
1,500
mg/
kg/
day.
Several
hematological
and
clinical
chemistry
parameters
among
mid­
and
high­
dose
animals
were
changed.
Increases
in
platelet
counts
and
a
decrease
in
activated
partial
thromboplastin
times
were
measured
among
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
males
and
females.
Increased
white
blood
cell
counts
were
measured
among
females
at
750
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day,
as
well
as
increased
numbers
of
neutrophils
and
basophils
at
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
(
females
only).
Total
plasma
protein
levels
were
reduced
among
750
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
males
and
females.
Phosphorus
levels
were
reduced
among
750
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
males
and
females.
Calcium
levels
were
reduced
among
750
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
males,
and
bilirubin
levels
were
reduced
among
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
females.
Males
at
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
displayed
decreased
motor
activity
(
lower
ambulatory
and
rearing
activity).
Histopathological
examination
of
stomachs
of
males
and
females
from
all
three
dose
groups
revealed
degenerative/
inflammatory
changes
including
submucosal
inflammation,
epithelial
hyperplasia,
acantholysis,
and
increased
numbers
of
mucous
secreting
cells.
These
findings
were
clearly
related
to
treatment
and
may
have
been
associated
with
an
irritant
effect
of
the
test
formulations
(
the
pH
of
the
administered
test
solutions
was
highly
acidic
(
between
2
and
3).
Minimal
cortical
tubular
basophilia
was
observed
in
the
kidney
among
the
majority
of
males
(
the
incidence
among
male
rats
was
0/
5,
3/
5,
4/
5,
and
4/
5
among
the
0,
250,
750,
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
male
rats).
One
female
in
each
of
the
treatment
groups
also
displayed
this
finding.
Mid­
and
high­
dose
male
and
female
rats,
and
one
low­
dose
male
rat
displayed
horizontal
banding
of
the
incisors.
Histological
processing
of
the
teeth
indicated
that
the
banding
was
restricted
to
the
enamel
of
the
teeth,
and
may
have
been
due
to
disrupted
mineralization
due
to
calcium
or
26
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
phosphorous
ion
imbalances
caused
by
high
dosages
of
GTSP.
Reproductive
subgroup:
There
were
no
treatment­
related
deaths
and
no
signs
of
overt
clinical
toxicity.
Mating
performance
and
fertility
were
unaffected
by
treatment.
Group
mean
bodyweights
of
offspring
at
Day
1
though
Day
4
of
age
were
slightly
lower
than
control
at
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
(
although
only
females
were
statistically
significantly
different
from
control).
Bodyweight
and
food
consumption
were
reduced
among
all
reproductive
subgroup
females
during
the
first
two
weeks
of
treatments
in
a
non
dose­
related
manner.
Food
consumption
increased
among
all
females
after
the
first
week
of
gestation,
but
then
decreased
again
among
females
in
the
750
and
1500
mg/
kg/
day
dose
groups
during
the
first
4
days
of
lactation.
Test
substance:
Granular
Triple
Super
Phosphate
(
GTSP)
Reference:
Huntingdon
Life
Sciences
Ltd.
2002.
GTSP:
4­
Week
General
Toxicity
and
Reproductive/
Developmental
Toxicity
Screening
Test.
Study
Number
WBG
002/
022949.

(
b)
Species/
strain:
Various
Route
of
Administration:
Oral
feed
Remarks:
Several
old
(
1966,
1972)
studies
were
reported
in
the
IUCLID
Data
Set
in
which
the
toxicity
attributable
to
fluoride
as
a
component
of
superphosphate
was
studied.
Study
periods
generally
were
several
weeks
and
fluoride
concentrations
which
caused
effects
ranged
from
130
to
600
ppm
in
the
diet.
The
superphosphate
was
intended
as
a
source
of
supplemental
phosphorous
in
the
diet.
The
relevance
of
these
studies
to
fertilizer
applications
is
uncertain.
References:
1)
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.
2)
Ivy,
R.
E.,
Sullivan,
T.
W.,
Goldner,
W.
J.,
Graff,
C.
R.,
Peo,
F.
R.
Jr.
1972.
Poultry
science
Association
Annual
Meeting.
Article
mentioned
by
Martin
,
J.
L.
(
1982)
In
"
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate."
3)
Atkinton,
F.
1966.
Nature
211:
429­
30.
Article
mentioned
by
Martin,
J.
L.
(
1982).
A
report
prepared
for
The
Fertilizer
Institute
in
"
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts."
4)
Labadie,
M.,
Nicolas,
A.,
Breton,
J.
C.,
Pestre­
Alexandre,
M.
1972.
Ingestion
d'engrais
phosphates:
Etudes
experimentales
chez
le
mouton
et
le
veau.
Rev.
Med.
Vet.
123
(
7):
931­
936.
5)
Zumpt,
I.
1975.
J.
S.
Afr.
Vet.
Ass.
46:
161­
163.
Article
mentioned
by
Martin,
J.
L.
(
1982)
in
report
27
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
prepared
for
The
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.

5.5
GENETIC
TOXICITY
IN
VITRO
A.
Bacterial
Test
Type:
Bacterial
reverse
mutation
assay
System
of
testing:
Species/
strain:
Salmonella
typhimurium
TA98,
TA100,
TA1535,
TA1537
and
E.
coli
WP2
uvrA
Concentration:
50,
150,
500,
1,250,
and
3,125
µ
g/
plate
for
Salmonella
and
150,
500,
1,250,
3,125,
and
5,000
µ
g/
plate
for
E.
coli
Metabolic
activation:
With
[
];
Without
[
];
With
and
Without
[
X];
Results:
Cytotoxicity
conc:
With
metabolic
activation:
5,000
µ
g/
plate;
none
(
E.
coli)
Without
metabolic
activation:
5,000
µ
g/
plate;
none
(
E.
coli)
Precipitation
conc:
Beginning
at
1,250
µ
g/
plate
Genotoxic
effects:
+
?
­
With
metabolic
activation:
[
]
[
]
[
X]
Without
metabolic
activation:
[
]
[
]
[
X]
Method:
OECD
Guideline
471
(
Ninth
Addendum;
February
1998)
GLP:
Yes
[
X]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP),
purity:
100%
Remarks:
1
N
HCl
was
selected
as
the
solvent.
At
25
mg/
mL,
about
95%
of
the
test
article
appeared
soluble
and
5%
of
the
test
article
remained
undissolved
but
formed
a
workable
suspension.
References:
Wagner,
V.
O.
and
Klug,
M.
L.
2001.
Bacterial
Reverse
Mutation
Assay:
Granular
Triple
Super
Phosphate
(
GTSP).
BioReliance
Study
No.
AA43RC.
503.
BTL.

B.
Non­
bacterial
in
vitro
test
Type:
Mammalian
chromosome
aberration
test
System
of
testing:
Species/
strain:
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
Concentration:
375,
750,
and
1,500
µ
g/
mL
Metabolic
activation:
With
[
];
Without
[
];
With
and
Without
[
X];
Results:
Cytotoxicity
conc:
With
metabolic
activation:
None
Without
metabolic
activation:
None
Precipitation
conc:
None
Genotoxic
effects:
+
?
­
With
metabolic
activation:
[
]
[
]
[
X]
Without
metabolic
activation:
[
]
[
]
[
X]
Method:
OECD
Guideline
473
(
Ninth
Addendum;
February
1998)

28
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
GLP:
Yes
[
X]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP):
100%
References:
Gudi,
R.
and
Brown,
C.
2001.
In
Vitro
Mammalian
Chromosome
Aberration
Test:
Granular
Triple
Super
Phosphate
(
GTSP).
BioReliance
Study
No.
AA43RC.
331.
BTL.

5.6
GENETIC
TOXICITY
IN
VIVO
Type:
Mitotic­
chromosome
anomalies
Species/
strain:
Albino
Swiss
mice
Sex:
Female
[
];
Male
[
];
Male/
Female
[
];
No
Data
[
X]
Route
of
Administration:
Ingestion
with
food
Exposure
period:
7­
days
Doses:
500
mg/
day
Results:
Genotoxic
effects:
+
?
­
[
X]
[
]
[
]
Method:
Single
superphosphate
was
fed
to
7­
10
week
old
mice
for
seven
days
at
a
rate
of
500
mg/
day
after
mixing
with
basic
food.
Their
bone
marrow
was
separated
from
both
femura
and
slides
were
prepared.
Screening
of
any
chromosomal
abnormalities
was
made
in
300
well
spread
metaphase
plates.
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
Test
substance:
Single
super
phosphate
(
H4
P2
O8
)
Remarks:
Of
the
300
metaphase
plates,
90
abnormal
ones
were
found
in
treated
animals
in
contrast
to
15
among
the
controls,
a
six­
fold
increase
in
chromosomal
abnormalities.
Among
the
gross
types,
clumping
and
stickiness
of
chromosomes
as
well
as
pulverization
were
observed.
Among
the
individual
types,
the
breaks
were
in
the
form
of
subchromatidal
and
chromatidal
nature.
Translocations,
gaps,
and
constrictions
were
also
observed.
The
frequency
of
chromosomal
abnormality
relative
to
controls
increased
by
40%
whereas
that
of
gross
and
individual
types
was
by
5
and
35%,
respectively.
The
breaking­
points
of
the
affected
chromosomes
were
somewhat
localized
in
the
distal
region.
According
to
the
authors,
single
superphosphate,
when
administered
to
mammals,
is
clastogenic
and
appears
to
be
mutagenic.
References:
Chaurasia,
O.
P.
and
Sinha,
S.
P.
1988.
Induction
of
mitotic­
chromosome
anomalies
in
mice
by
single
super
phosphate.
Cytologia
53:
485­
489.

29
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
5.7
CARCINOGENICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.8
TOXICITY
TO
REPRODUCTION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.9
DEVELOPMENTAL
TOXICITY/
TERATOGENICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.10
OTHER
RELEVANT
INFORMATION
Type:
General
information
on
phosphates
Remarks:
Orthophosphate
is
absorbed
from,
and
to
a
limited
extent
secreted
into,
the
gastrointestinal
tract.
The
transport
of
phosphate
from
the
lumen
of
the
gut
is
an
active,
energy­
dependent
process,
and
there
are
factors
that
appear
to
modify
the
degree
of
its
intestinal
absorption.
Vitamin
D
stimulates
phosphate
absorption,
and
this
effect
has
been
reported
to
precede
the
action
of
the
vitamin
on
transport
of
calcium
ion.
In
general,
in
adults,
about
two
thirds
of
the
ingested
phosphate
is
absorbed
from
the
bowel,
and
that
which
is
absorbed
from
the
gut
is
almost
entirely
excreted
into
the
urine.
In
growing
children,
there
is
a
positive
balance
of
phosphate.
Concentrations
of
phosphate
in
plasma
are
higher
in
children
than
in
adults.
This
"
hyperphosphatemia"
decreases
the
affinity
of
hemoglobin
for
oxygen
and
is
hypothesized
to
explain
the
physiological
"
anemia"
of
childhood.
Reference:
Gilman.
Pharm
Basis
Therap
8th
Ed.
1990.
p.
1501.
(
cited
in
HSDB
1999).

5.11
EXPERIENCE
WITH
HUMAN
EXPOSURE
(
a)
Results:
LDLO
=
500
mg/
kg
bw
in
humans
Remarks:
The
minimum
lethal
dose
of
superphosphates
(
SSP
or
TSP)
as
listed
in
a
review
of
clinical
toxicology
of
commercial
products.
The
basis
for
this
value
cannot
be
determined
because
it
came
from
an
unavailable
tertiary
reference
source.

30
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Reference:
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

(
b)
Remarks:
Several
studies
were
reported
in
IUCLID
that
review
effects
observed
in
workers
engaged
in
the
manufacture
of
phosphate
fertilizer.
The
primary
effects­
fluorosis,
corneal
sensitivity,
and
changes
in
external
respiration
indexes
 
were
related
to
exposure
to
fluoride.
References:
The
following
sources
were
cited
in
European
Commission
1996:
1)
Encyclopedia
of
Occupational
Health
and
Safety,
Volume
2.
1983.
Superphosphates,
p.
1680
 
AU
Chauderon,
J.
2)
Fabbri,
L.,
De
Rosa,
E.,
Potenze,
I.,
Mapp,
C.,
Rossi,
A.,
Brignanti,
F.,
Forin,
F.
1974.
Med.
Lav.
69(
5):
594­
64.
3)
Article
mentioned
by
J.
L.
Martin
for
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.
1982.
p.
241.
4)
Lisina,
N.
A.
1974.
Zdravookhr.
Kar.
(
10)
52.
Article
mentioned
by
J.
L.
Martin
in
a
report
prepared
for
The
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.
1982.
p.
244.
5)
Toneva,
L.,
Peneva,
M.
1985.
Chem.
Abst.
102:
208633r.
6)
Akhundov,
R.
F.
et
al.
1980.
Chem.
Abst.
92:
115669s.
7)
Nekhamkis,
A.
N.
1976.
Chem.
Abst.
84:
34944k.

(
c)
Remarks:
Excess
inhalation
of
dust
may
cause
irritation
of
the
nose,
throat
and
respiratory
tract.
Prolonged
and
repeated
contact
may
cause
mild
irritation
to
the
skin.
In
contact
with
the
eyes,
dust
may
cause
irritation,
redness
and
abrasion.
Ingestion
of
large
amounts
of
dust
may
cause
gastrointestinal
upset
and
abdominal
pain.
Reference:
MSDS,
Canadian
Centre
for
Occupational
Health
&
Safety
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

(
d)
Results:
Overall,
no
statistically
significant
elevations
in
cause­
specific
mortality
were
observed
for
the
entire
study
population.
However,
when
the
analysis
was
stratified
by
duration
of
employment
and
length
of
follow­
up,
a
statistically
significant
(
P
<
.05)
excess
in
lung
cancer
mortality
was
observed
among
workers
with
more
than
31
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
10
years
of
employment
and
follow­
up
(
standardized
mortality
ratio
=
411).
Because
of
the
small
number
of
deaths
involved,
and
because
of
a
prior
knowledge
of
a
lung
cancer
cluster
at
this
plant,
the
authors
(
NIOSH)
state
that
these
findings
should
be
viewed
as
suggestive,
and
that
other
investigations
in
plants
with
similar
exposures
are
needed
to
clarify
whether
an
occupationally
related
lung
cancer
excess
truly
exists.
Remarks:
A
retrospective
cohort
mortality
study
of
phosphate
fertilizer
production
workers
was
undertaken
to
determine
whether
this
group
is
at
increased
risk
of
dying
from
any
cause,
particularly
from
lung
cancer.
A
total
of
3,199
subjects
who
worked
at
a
phosphate
fertilizer
production
facility
from
1953­
1976
were
followed
through
the
end
of
1977.
Reference:
Stayner,
L.
T.,
Meinhardt,
T.,
Lemen,
R.,
Bayliss,
D.,
Herrick.
R.,
Reeve,
G.
R.,
Smith,
A.
B.,
and
Halperin,
W.
1985.
A
retrospective
cohort
mortality
study
of
a
phosphate
fertilizer
production
facility.
Arch.
Environ.
Health
40:
133­
138.

6.
REFERENCES
Akhundov,
R.
F.
et
al.
1980.
Chem.
Abst.
92:
115669s.

Atkinton,
F.
1966.
Nature
211:
429­
30.
Article
mentioned
by
Martin,
J.
L.
(
1982).
A
report
prepared
for
The
Fertilizer
Institute
in
"
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts."

Article
mentioned
by
J.
L.
Martin
for
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.
1982.
p.
241.

Aufderheide,
J.
A.
and
Bussard,
J.
B.
2000.
Toxicity
of
granular
triple
superphosphate
(
GTSP)
to
the
unicellular
green
alga,
Selenastrum
capricornutum.
ABC
Labs
Study
No.
46208.

Budavari.
Merck
Index
12th
Ed.
1996.
p.
1736.

Chaurasia,
O.
P.
and
Sinha,
S.
P.
1988.
Induction
of
mitotic­
chromosome
anomalies
in
mice
by
single
super
phosphate.
Cytologia.
53:
485­
489.

Encyclopedia
of
Occupational
Health
and
Safety,
Volume
2.
1983.
Superphosphates,
p.
1680
 
AU
Chauderon,
J.

European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

Fabbri,
L.,
De
Rosa,
E.,
Potenze,
I.,
Mapp,
C.,
Rossi,
A.,
Brignanti,
F.
and
Forin,
F.
1974.
Med.
Lav.
69(
5):
594­
64.
Article
mentioned
by
J.
L.
Martin
for
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.
1982.
p.
241.

32
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Gilman.
Pharm
Basis
Therap
8th
Ed.
1990.
p.
1501.
(
cited
in
HSDB
1999).

Gudi,
R.
and
Brown,
C.
2001.
In
vitro
mammalian
chromosome
aberration
test:
granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP).
BioReliance
Study
No.
AA43RC.
331.
BTL.

Hazardous
Substances
Data
Bank
(
HSDB).
1999.
Calcium
Superphosphate
.
National
Library
of
Medicine,
Bethesda,
MD.

Huntingdon
Life
Sciences
Ltd.
2002.
GTSP:
4­
Week
General
Toxicity
and
Reproductive/
Developmental
Toxicity
Screening
Test.
Study
Number
WBG
002/
022949.

Ivy,
R.
E.,
Sullivan,
T.
W.,
Goldner,
W.
J.,
Graff,
C.
R.,
Peo,
F.
R.
Jr.
1972.
Poultry
science
Association
Annual
Meeting.
Article
mentioned
by
Martin
,
J.
L.
(
1982)
In
"
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate."
Kemira
Ince
Ltd.
Ince,
Chester.
[
cited
in
European
Commission
1996].

Konar,
S.
K.
and
Sarkar,
S.
K.
1983.
Acute
toxicity
of
agricultural
fertilizers
to
fishes.
Geobios
10:
6­
9.

Labadie,
M.,
Nicolas,
A.,
Breton,
J.
C.,
Pestre­
Alexandre,
M.
1972.
Rev.
Med.
Vet.
123
(
7):
931­
936.

Lauriente,
D.
H.
1996.
Normal
superphosphate
(
abstract).
Chemical
Economic
Handbook.
p.
760­
5500
A.

Lauriente,
D.
H.
1996.
Triple
superphosphate
(
abstract).
Chemical
Economic
Handbook.
p.
760­
5000
A.

Lide,
D.
R.
(
ed.).
CRC
Handbook
of
Chemistry
and
Physics
.
1991.
72nd
ed.
Boston:
CRC
Press.

Lisina,
N.
A.
1974.
Zdravookhr.
Kar.
(
10)
52.
Article
mentioned
by
J.
L.
Martin
in
a
report
prepared
for
The
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.
1982.
p.
244.

MSDS,
Canadian
Centre
for
Occupational
Health
&
Safety
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

Mortvedt,
J.
J.
1987.
J.
Environ.
Qual.
16:
137­
142.
(
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.).

Mortvedt,
J.
J.
1985.
Chem.
Abst.
102:
203169J.
[
cited
in
European
Commission.
2000.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.].

Mulla,
D.
J.
et
al.
1980.
J.
Environ.
Qual.
9:
408­
412.
[
cited
in
European
Commission
1996].

33
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Nekhamkis,
A.
N.
1976.
Chem.
Abst.
84:
34944k.

O'Hara,
P.
J.,
McCausland,
I.
P.,
and
Coup,
M.
R.
1982.
Phosphatic
fertiliser
poisoning
of
sheep:
experimental
studies.
New
Zealand
Veterinary
Journal
30:
165­
169.

Sarkar,
S.
K.
1990.
Toxicity
evaluation
of
superphosphate
on
some
aquatic
invertebrates
exposed
to
temperature.
J.
Environ.
Biol.
11(
2):
97­
100
SRI
Consulting
Chemical
Industries
Newsletter,
May/
June
1996.

Stayner,
L.
T.,
Meinhardt,
T.,
Lemen,
R.,
Bayliss,
D.,
Herrick.
R.,
Reeve,
G.
R.,
Smith,
A.
B.,
and
Halperin,
W.
1985.
A
retrospective
cohort
mortality
study
of
a
phosphate
fertilizer
production
facility.
Arch.
Environ.
Health
40:
133­
138.

Toneva,
L.,
Peneva,
M.
1985.
Chem.
Abst.
102:
208633r.

USEPA.
2000.
EPISUITE
Estimation
Program
V.
3.10.
US
Environmental
Protection
Agency.

Wagner,
V.
O.
III
and
Klug,
M.
L.
2001.
Bacterial
reverse
mutation
assay:
Granular
triple
super
phosphate
(
GTSP).
BioReliance
Study
No.
AA43RC.
503.
BTL.

Zumpt,
I.
1975.
J.
S.
Afr.
Vet.
Ass.
46:
161­
163.
Article
mentioned
by
Martin,
J.
L.
(
1982)
in
report
prepared
for
The
Fertilizer
Institute:
Review
of
the
literature
on
the
toxicity
of
phosphate
salts.

34
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
APPENDIX
A
 
SIDS
Data
Availability
Summary
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Explanation
of
Appendix
A
Appendix
A
is
a
SIDS
Data
Summary
table
that
provides
an
overview
of
availability
and
quality
of
the
data
used
in
this
Health
and
Environmental
Safety
Data
Summary
for
Single
Superphosphate
and
Granular
Triple
Superphosphate.
Y
(
Yes)
and
N
(
No)
designations
indicate
whether
data
are
available
that
meet
the
criteria
for
each
column.
The
columns
are
described
as:

Information:
Data
exist
that
were
useful
for
describing
the
data
element.
These
data
may
be
from
standard
laboratory
tests
or
from
generally
recognized
published
sources
or
professional
experience.

OECD
Study:
The
data
were
developed
using
standard
OECD
or
essentially
similar
(
e.
g.,
EPA
harmonized
protocols)
guidelines.

GLP:
The
data
were
developed
under
standard
Good
Laboratory
Practice
provisions.
These
generally
represent
the
highest
quality
data.

Other
Study:
Studies
were
conducted
that
could
not
be
definitively
identified
as
following
OECD
or
GLP
protocols.
These
studies
were
included
when
they
were
determined
to
be
of
adequate
quality
and
provided
relevant
information
to
the
characterization
of
the
compound.

Estimation
Method:
In
some
cases,
data
may
be
estimated
using
established
structure
activity
relationships.
These
methods
are
common
for
physical­
chemical
parameters
such
as
octanol­
water
partition
coefficients
and
water
solubility.

Acceptable:
This
column
indicates
whether
the
data
are
deemed
acceptable
by
standard
acceptability
criteria
and
professional
judgment.
Only
the
data
meeting
adequacy
standards
are
included
in
this
summary
document.

SIDS
Testing
Recommended:
This
column
indicates
whether
additional
testing
is
recommended
based
on
an
evaluation
of
the
available
data
summarized
in
this
document.
It
is
generally
not
necessary
to
fill
all
of
the
apparent
data
gaps
in
order
to
adequately
characterize
the
inherent
hazard
of
chemicals.
Information
from
other
data
elements
and
from
other
chemicals
in
the
category,
along
with
professional
judgment,
are
useful
in
the
final
determination
of
the
need
for
further
testing.

Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
AVAILABILITY
SUMMARY
DATE:
January
27,
2003
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
Information
OECD
Study
GLP
Other
Study
Estimated
Method
Acceptable
SIDS
Testing
Recommend
STUDY
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
Melting
Point
Boiling
Point
Density
Vapor
Pressure
Partition
Coefficient
Water
Solubility
pH
and
pKa
Values
Auto
Flammability
Flammability
Explosive
Properties
Oxidizing
Properties
Oxidation:
Reduction
Potential
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
­
Y
­
­
Y
Y
­
­
­
­
­
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
P/
C
STUDIES
RECEIVED
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.7
Photodegradation
Stability
in
Water
Monitoring
Data
Transport
and
Distribution
Biodegradation
Bioaccumulation
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
­
­
­
Y
Y
­
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
ENV
FATE
STUDIES
RECEIVED
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
4.2A
4.2B
4.3
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
Acute
Toxicity
to
Fish
Acute
Toxicity
to
Daphnia
Acute
Toxicity
to
Other
Aquatic
Organisms
Toxicity
to
Algae
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Daphnia
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Organisms
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
Toxicity
to
Birds
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
­
­
­
Y
­
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
ECOTOXICITY
STUDIES
RECEIVED
N
N
N
N
N
­
N
TOXICITY
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.11
Acute
Oral
Acute
Inhalation
Acute
Dermal
Skin
and
Eye
Irritation
Skin
Sensitization
Repeated
Dose
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
Carcinogencity
Reproduction
Toxicity
Development/
Teratogenicity
Human
Experience
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
­
­
Y
­
Y
Y
Y
Y
­
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
TOXICITY
STUDIES
RECEIVED
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
Appendix
B
 
SIDS
Data
Summaries
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category:
Diammonium
Phosphate,
Liquid
Polyphosphate,
Monoammonium
Phosphate,
and
Super
Phosphates
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)
Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
Melting
Point
155
°
C
190
°
C
2.2
Boiling
Point
Decomposes
Decomposes
2.3
Density
0.93­
1.619
g/
mL
at
20o
C
1.43
g/
mL
at
60o
C
1.83
g/
mL
at
25o
C
2.4
Vapor
Pressure
<
100
Pa
at
20
°
C
<
100
Pa
at
20
°
C
2.5
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
2.6A
Water
Solubility
588
g/
L
at
20
°
C
Miscible
328
g/
L
at
20
°
C
2.6B
pH
and
pKa
values
~
8
6.5­
7
4.2
in
0.2M
aqueous
solution
2.7
Flash
Point
Not
applicable
Not
flammable
Not
applicable
2.8
Auto
Flammability
Not
flammable
Not
applicable
Not
flammable
2.9
Flammability
Not
flammable
Not
flammable
Not
flammable
2.10
Explosive
Properties
Not
explosive
Not
explosive
Not
explosive
2.11
Oxidizing
Properties
Not
an
oxidizer
Not
an
oxidizer
2.12
Oxidation:

Reduction
Potential
2.13A
Additional
Data
See
text
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
Photodegradation
3.1.2
Stability
in
Water
Stable
Stable
Stable
3.1.3
Stability
in
Soil
Stable
Behave
as
salts
Stable
3.3.2
Distribution
Calculated,

Fugacity
Level
III
6.5
x
10­
15
%
to
air
45.3%
to
water
54.6%
to
soil
0.0755%
to
sediment
Calculated,

Fugacity
Level
III
3.98
x
10­
12
%
to
air
45.3%
to
water
54.6%
to
soil
0.0755%
to
sediment
3.5
Biodegradation
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
3.7
Bioaccumulation
Doesnot
bioaccumulate
Does
not
bioaccumulate
Doesnot
bioaccumulate
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
Acute
toxicity
to
Fish
Coho
salmon,
Chinook
salmon,
Rainbow
trout,
Bluegill,
Largemout
h
bass,
Tilapia,
Fathead
minnow
96
hrs
LC50
=
90­
1,875
mg/
L
Oncorhync
hus
mykiss
96
hrs
LC50
=
>
101
mg/
L
Oncorhync
hus
mykiss
96
hrs
LC50
=
>
85.9
mg/
L
4.2
Acute
Toxicityto
Aquatic
Invertebrates
Daphnia
magna
Amphipod
96
hrs.
LC50
=
40­
52
mg/
L
Snail,
Worm
96
hrs.
LC50
=
1,005­

2,472
mg/
L
4.3
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Plants
(
Algae)
Selenas­

trum
capricor­

nutum
72
hrs
NOEC
(
toxicity)

=
97.1
mg
DAP/
L
NOEC
(
stimulation)
=

3.57
mg
DAP/
L
4.4
Toxicity
to
Bacteria
4.5.1
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
4.5.2
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
4.6.1
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Organisms
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
4.6.2
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
4.6.3
Toxicity
to
Other
Non­
Mammalian
Terrestrial
Species
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
TOXICITY
5.1.1
Acute
Oral
Toxicity
Rat
OECD425
LD50
>
2,000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD425
LD50
>
2,000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD
425
LD50
>
2000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.2
Acute
Inhalation
5.1.3
Acute
Dermal
Toxicity
Rat
OECD402
LD50
>
5000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD402
LD50
>
5,000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD402
LD50
>
5000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.4
Acute
Toxicity,

Other
Routes
5.2.1
Skin
Irritation/

Corrosion
Irritant
Mild
irritant
5.2.2
Eye
Irritation/

Corrosion
Irritant
Mild
irritant
5.3
Skin
Sensitization
5.4
Repeated
Dose
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
250
mg/
kg/
day
5.5
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
Salmonella
typhim­

urium
Bacterial
reverse
mutation
assay
(
OECD
471)
Negative
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
Chromosome
aberration
test
(
OECD
473)
Negative
5.6
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
5.7
Carcinogenicity
5.8
Toxicity
to
Reproduction
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
1500
mg/
kg/
day
5.9
Development
Toxicity/
Teratogenicity
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
1500
mg/
kg/
day
5.10
Metabolism
and
Toxicokinetics
Seetext
Seetext
5.11
Human
Experience
Seetext
Seetext
Seetext
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
1.8
Occupational
Exposure
Limits
TLV
as
inert
dust
15
mg/
m3
NoTLV
established
TLV
as
inert
dust
15
mg/
m3
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Super
Phosphates
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
Melting
Point
110
°
C
2.2
Boiling
Point
2.3
Density
1,035
kg/
m3
2.4
Vapor
Pressure
2.5
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
2.6A
Water
Solubility
18
g/
L
at
20
°
C
2.6B
pH
and
pKa
values
2.8­
2.9
in
10%

water
suspension
2.7
Flash
Point
Not
applicable
2.8
Auto
Flammability
2.9
Flammability
2.10
Explosive
Properties
2.11
Oxidizing
Properties
2.12
Oxidation:

Reduction
Potential
2.13A
AdditionalData
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)

CAS
#
7783­
28­
0
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Super
Phosphates
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
Photodegradation
3.1.2
Stability
in
Water
3.1.3
Stability
in
Soil
Stable
3.3.2
Distribution
Calculated,

Fugacity
Level
III
1x10­
6
%
to
air
49.8%
to
water
50.1%
to
soil
0.092%
to
sediment
3.5
Biodegradation
Biodegradable
3.7
Bioaccumulation
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)

Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Super
Phosphates
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
Acute
toxicity
to
Fish
Labeo
rohita,
Catla
catla,
Cirrhinus
mrigala,
Cyprinus
carpio,
Tilapia
mossambica
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,560­

5,900
ppm
4.2A
Acute
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
Daphnia
carinata
LC50
=
1,790­

1,825
mg/
L
4.2B
Acute
Toxicity
to
Other
Aquatic
Organisms
Moina
micrura,

Cyclops
viridis
72
hrs
LC50
=
1,625­

2,305
ppm
Branchiura
sowerbyi,
Planorbis
exustus,
Lymnaea
leuteola,
Viviparus
bengalensis,

Chironomus
sp
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,133­

5,005
ppm
4.3
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Plants
(
Algae)
Selenastrum
capricornu­

tum
OECD
201
NOEC
(
toxicity)
=

87.6
mg/
L
NOEC
(
stimulation)
=

21.6
mg/
L
4.4
Toxicity
to
Bacteria
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)

Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
4.5.1
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
4.5.2
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
4.6.1
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Aquatic
Invertebrates
4.6.2
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
Seetext
4.6.3
Toxicity
to
Other
Non­
Mammalian
Terrestrial
Species
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)

Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
DATA
ELEMENTS
Super
Phosphates
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
TOXICITY
5.1.1
Acute
Oral
Toxicity
Sheep
LD50
=
5,000­

6,000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.2
Acute
Inhalation
5.1.3
Acute
Dermal
Toxicity
5.1.4
Acute
Toxicity,

Other
Routes
5.2.1
Skin
Irritation/

Corrosion
Mild
irritant
5.2.2
Eye
Irritation/

Corrosion
Mild
irritant
5.3
Skin
Sensitization
5.4
Repeated
Dose
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.5
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
Salmonella
typhimuriu
m
OECD
471
Negative
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
OECD
473
Negative
5.6
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
Mice
Chromosome
aberration
Clastogenic,

possibly
mutagenic
5.7
Carcinogenicity
5.8
Toxicity
to
Reproduction
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.9
Development
Toxicity/
Teratogenicity
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)

Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Single
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
8011­
76­
5)

Triple
Superphosphate
(
CAS
#
65996­
95­
4)

Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
5.10
Mend
See
tabolism
a
Toxicokinetics
text
5.11
H
uman
Experience
l
Seetext
1.8
O
ccupationa
Exposure
Limits
TLV
as
inert
dust
15
mg/
m3