Document ID: EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0100-0007
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2005-03-28T05:00Z

Attachment
A
Proposed
Regulations
Title
13,
California
Code
Regulations,
Section
1971,
Engine
Manufacturer
Diagnostic
System
Requirements
for
2007
and
Subsequent
Model­
Year
Heavy­
Duty
Engines
(
EMD)
1
§
1971.
Engine
Manufacturer
Diagnostic
System
Requirements­­
2007
and
Subsequent
Model­
Year
Heavy­
Duty
Engines
(
a)
PURPOSE
The
purpose
of
this
regulation
is
to
establish
requirements
for
engine
manufacturer
diagnostic
systems
(
EMD
systems)
that
are
installed
on
2007
and
subsequent
model­
year
engines
and
other
powertrain
components
certified
for
sale
in
heavyduty
vehicles
in
California.
The
EMD
systems,
through
the
use
of
a
computer(
s),
shall
monitor
emission
systems
in­
use
for
the
actual
life
of
the
engine
and
shall
be
capable
of
detecting
malfunctions
of
the
monitored
emission
systems,
illuminating
a
malfunction
indicator
light
(
MIL)
to
notify
the
vehicle
operator
of
detected
malfunctions,
and
storing
diagnosis
information
regarding
the
detected
malfunctions.

(
b)
APPLICABILITY
Except
as
specified
elsewhere
in
this
regulation
(
title
13,
CCR
section
1971),
all
2007
and
subsequent
model­
year
on­
road
heavy­
duty
engines
shall
be
equipped
with
an
EMD
system
and
shall
meet
all
applicable
requirements
of
this
regulation
(
title
13,
CCR
section
1971).
1
For
purposes
of
this
regulation,
"
engine"
shall
refer
to
powertrain
components
(
e.
g.,
engine,
transmission,
hybrid)
that
are
utilized
in
heavy­
duty
vehicles.

(
c)
DEFINITIONS
(
1)
"
Actual
life"
refers
to
the
entire
period
that
an
engine
is
operated
on
public
roads
in
California
up
to
the
time
an
engine
is
retired
from
use.
(
2)
"
Deactivate"
means
to
turn­
off,
shutdown,
desensitize,
or
otherwise
make
inoperable
through
software
programming
or
other
means
during
the
actual
life
of
the
engine.
(
3)
"
Functional
check"
for
an
output
component
or
system
means
verification
of
proper
response
of
the
component
and
system
to
a
computer
command.
(
4)
"
Heavy­
duty
vehicle"
means
any
motor
vehicle
having
a
gross
vehicle
weight
rating
greater
than
14,000
pounds.
(
5)
"
Key
on,
engine
off
position"
refers
to
a
vehicle
with
the
ignition
key
in
the
engine
run
position
(
not
engine
crank
or
accessory
position)
but
with
the
engine
not
running.
(
6)
"
Malfunction"
means
any
deterioration
or
failure
of
a
component
that
causes
the
performance
to
be
outside
of
the
applicable
limits
in
section
(
e).
(
7)
"
Manufacturer"
includes
producers
of
engines,
transmissions,
other
powertrain
components,
chassis,
or
coaches
for
use
in
heavy­
duty
vehicles
and
includes
others
involved
in
the
assembly
or
modification
of
heavy­
duty
vehicles
prior
to
being
registered
for
on­
road
use.
(
8)
"
On­
road
heavy­
duty
engine"
means
an
engine
certified
to
the
requirements
of
title
13,
CCR
sections
1956.1
or
1956.8
or
a
powertrain
component
designed
for
use
with
such
an
engine.

1
Unless
otherwise
noted,
all
section
references
refer
to
section
1971
of
title
13,
CCR.
2
(
9)
"
Rationality
fault
diagnostic"
for
an
input
component
means
verification
of
the
accuracy
of
the
input
signal
while
in
the
range
of
normal
operation
and
when
compared
to
all
other
available
information.

(
d)
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
(
1)
The
EMD
System.
(
A)
If
a
malfunction
is
present
as
specified
in
section
(
e),
the
EMD
system
shall
detect
the
malfunction.
(
B)
The
EMD
system
shall
provide
diagnostic
information
to
service
and
repair
technicians
to
identify
detected
malfunctions.
(
C)
The
EMD
system
shall
be
designed
to
operate,
without
any
required
scheduled
maintenance,
for
the
actual
life
of
the
engine
in
which
it
is
installed
and
may
not
be
programmed
or
otherwise
designed
to
deactivate
based
on
age
and/
or
mileage
of
the
vehicle
during
the
actual
life
of
the
engine.
This
section
is
not
intended
to
alter
existing
law
and
enforcement
practice
regarding
a
manufacturer's
liability
for
an
engine
beyond
its
useful
life,
except
where
an
engine
has
been
programmed
or
otherwise
designed
so
that
an
EMD
system
deactivates
based
on
age
and/
or
mileage
of
the
engine.
(
2)
MIL
Requirements.
(
A)
MIL
Specifications.
1.
The
MIL
shall
be
of
sufficient
illumination
and
location
to
be
readily
visible
under
all
lighting
conditions.
The
MIL,
when
illuminated,
shall
display
a
phrase
or
icon
determined
by
the
manufacturer
to
be
likely
to
cause
the
vehicle
operator
to
seek
corrective
action.
In
lieu
of
a
dedicated
MIL,
manufacturers
may
utilize
an
existing
warning
light(
s)
to
also
satisfy
the
requirements
of
the
MIL.
2.
The
MIL
shall
illuminate
in
the
key
on,
engine
off
position
before
engine
cranking
to
indicate
that
the
MIL
is
functional.
This
functional
check
of
the
MIL
is
not
required
during
vehicle
operation
in
the
key
on,
engine
off
position
subsequent
to
the
initial
engine
cranking
of
an
ignition
cycle
(
e.
g.,
due
to
an
engine
stall
or
other
non­
commanded
engine
shutoff).
(
B)
Illuminating
the
MIL.
Once
a
malfunction
has
been
detected,
the
EMD
system
shall
illuminate
the
MIL
in
accordance
with
the
manufacturer's
existing
practices
for
notifying
vehicle
operators
and
service
technicians.
(
C)
Extinguishing
the
MIL.
Once
the
MIL
has
been
illuminated,
it
may
be
extinguished
upon
the
EMD
system
determining
that
the
malfunction
is
no
longer
present
provided
no
other
malfunction
has
been
detected
that
would
independently
illuminate
the
MIL
according
to
the
requirements
outlined
above.
(
3)
Monitoring
Conditions.
Manufacturers
shall
define
monitoring
conditions
for
detecting
malfunctions
identified
in
section
(
e)
and
for
determining
if
malfunctions
no
longer
exist.

(
e)
MONITORING
REQUIREMENTS
(
1)
FUEL
SYSTEM
MONITORING
(
A)
Requirement:
The
EMD
system
shall
monitor
the
fuel
delivery
system.
3
(
B)
Malfunction
Criteria:
If
the
engine
is
equipped
with
feedback
control
of
the
fuel
pressure,
the
EMD
system
shall
detect
a
malfunction
of
the
fuel
system
when
the
feedback
control
system
has
used
up
all
of
the
adjustment
allowed
by
the
manufacturer
and
cannot
achieve
the
desired
fuel
pressure.

(
2)
EXHAUST
GAS
RECIRCULATION
(
EGR)
SYSTEM
MONITORING
(
A)
Requirement:
The
EMD
system
shall
monitor
the
EGR
system
on
engines
so­
equipped.
(
B)
Malfunction
Criteria:
1.
Low
Flow:
The
EMD
system
shall
detect
a
malfunction
of
the
EGR
system
when
the
system
has
reached
its
control
limits
such
that
it
cannot
increase
EGR
flow
to
achieve
the
commanded
flow
rate.
2.
High
Flow:
The
EMD
system
shall
detect
a
malfunction
of
the
EGR
system
when
the
system
has
reached
its
control
limits
such
that
it
cannot
reduce
EGR
flow
to
achieve
the
commanded
flow
rate.

(
3)
PARTICULATE
MATTER
(
PM)
TRAP
MONITORING
(
A)
Requirement:
The
EMD
system
shall
monitor
the
PM
trap
on
engines
soequipped
(
B)
Malfunction
Criteria:
1.
Excessive
Backpressure:
The
EMD
system
shall
detect
a
malfunction
when
the
PM
trap
fails
to
regenerate,
clogs,
or
otherwise
malfunctions
such
that
it
causes
the
backpressure
in
the
exhaust
system
to
exceed
the
manufacturer's
specified
limits
for
operation.
2.
Missing
substrate:
The
EMD
system
shall
detect
a
malfunction
if
either
the
PM
trap
substrate
is
completely
destroyed,
removed,
or
missing,
or
if
the
PM
trap
assembly
is
replaced
with
a
straight
pipe.

(
4)
EMISSION­
RELATED
ELECTRONIC
COMPONENT
MONITORING
(
A)
Requirement:
The
EMD
system
shall
monitor
for
malfunction
any
electronic
powertrain
component/
system
that
either
provides
input
to
(
directly
or
indirectly)
or
receives
commands
from
the
on­
board
computer(
s),
and:
(
1)
is
defined
by
the
manufacturer
as
emission­
related,
or
(
2)
is
used
as
part
of
the
diagnostic
strategy
for
any
other
emission­
related
monitored
system
or
component.
(
B)
Malfunction
Criteria:
1.
Input
Components:
Where
determined
by
the
manufacturer
to
be
feasible
given
existing
hardware
and
software,
the
EMD
system
shall
detect
malfunctions
of
input
components
caused
by
a
lack
of
circuit
continuity,
out­
of­
range
values,
and
rationality
faults.
2.
Output
Components/
Systems:
Where
determined
by
the
manufacturer
to
be
feasible
given
existing
hardware
and
software,
the
EMD
system
shall
detect
a
malfunction
of
an
output
component/
system
when
proper
functional
response
of
the
component
and
system
to
computer
commands
does
not
occur
or
when
a
lack
of
circuit
continuity
or
circuit
fault
occurs
(
e.
g.,
short
to
ground
or
high
voltage).
4
(
f)
CERTIFICATION
The
Executive
Officer
shall
grant
certification
for
the
EMD
system
upon
the
manufacturer
submitting
the
following
certification
information:
(
1)
A
description
of
the
functional
operation
of
the
EMD
system.
(
2)
A
listing
of
all
electronic
powertrain
input
and
output
signals
(
including
those
not
monitored
by
the
EMD
system)
that
identifies
which
signals
are
monitored
by
the
EMD
system.

(
g)
DEFICIENCIES
The
Executive
Officer
may
certify
EMD
systems
installed
on
engines
even
though
the
systems
do
not
comply
with
one
or
more
of
the
requirements
of
title
13,
CCR
section
1971.
In
granting
the
certification,
the
Executive
Officer
shall
consider
the
following
factors:
the
extent
to
which
the
requirements
of
section
1971
are
satisfied
overall
based
on
a
review
of
the
engine
applications
in
question,
the
relative
performance
of
the
resultant
EMD
system
compared
to
systems
fully
compliant
with
the
requirements
of
section
1971,
and
a
demonstrated
good­
faith
effort
on
the
part
of
the
manufacturer
to:
(
1)
meet
the
requirements
in
full
by
evaluating
and
considering
the
best
available
monitoring
technology;
and
(
2)
come
into
compliance
as
expeditiously
as
possible.
Manufacturers
shall
not
be
subject
to
limitations
on
the
number
of
granted
deficiencies
nor
subject
to
fines
for
granted
deficiencies.

NOTE:
Authority
cited:
Sections
39600,
39601,
43000.5,
43013,
43018,
43100,
43101,
and
43104,
Health
and
Safety
Code.
Reference:
Sections
39002,
39003,
39010­
39060,
39515,
39600­
39601,
43000,
43000.5,
43004,
43006,
43013,
43016,
43018,
43100,
43101,
43102,
43104,
43105,
43105.5,
43106,
43150­
43156,
43204,
43211,
and
43212,
Health
and
Safety
Code.