Document ID: EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0061-0613
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2004-12-17T05:00Z

6­
16
6.2
Region
2
Nonattainment
Areas
6.2.1
EPA
9­
Factor
Analyses
for
New
Jersey
for
the
Designation
of
PM2.5
Nonattainment
Areas
Modifications
to
New
Jersey's
Recommendations
Gloucester
New
Jersey
did
not
recommend
Gloucester
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
Jersey
recommendation
by
designating
Gloucester
County
as
nonattainment.

Gloucester
County
ranks
high
for
emissions,
population,
traffic,
and
commuting
patterns.
Gloucester
is
also
adjacent
to
a
county
with
a
violating
monitor.
Point
sources
are
also
located
near
the
county
with
the
violating
monitor.

Camden
New
Jersey
did
not
recommend
Camden
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
Jersey
recommendation
by
designating
Camden
County
as
nonattainment.

Camden
County
ranks
high
for
emissions,
population,
traffic,
and
commuting
patterns.
Camden
is
also
adjacent
to
a
county
with
a
violating
monitor.
Point
sources
are
also
located
near
the
county
with
the
violating
monitor.

Burlington
New
Jersey
did
not
recommend
Burlington
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
Jersey
recommendation
by
designating
Burlington
County
as
nonattainment.

Burlington
County
ranks
high
for
emissions,
population,
traffic,
and
commuting
patterns.
Burlington
is
also
adjacent
to
a
county
with
a
violating
monitor.
Point
sources
are
also
located
near
the
county
with
the
violating
monitor.

Analysis
of
the
New
Jersey
portion
of
the
PA­
NJ­
MD
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties
The
New
Jersey
portion
of
this
area
includes
the
counties
of
Gloucester,
Camden,
Burlington,
Cape
May,
Atlantic,
Cumberland,
Salem,
Mercer,
Monmouth,
Ocean,
Hunterdon,
and
Warren.
Violating
monitors
(
based
on
2001­
2003
data)
are
present
in
Philadelphia
and
Delaware
Counties
in
Pennsylvania,
and
in
New
Castle
in
Delaware.

Based
on
EPA's
nine­
factor
analysis,
EPA
is
recommending
that
additional
counties
should
be
added
to
the
nonattainment
area
for
the
New
Jersey
portion
of
the
PA­
NJ­
MD
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties.
6­
17
EPA
Recommendation
State
Recommendation
Gloucester,
Camden,
and
Burlington
None
The
following
is
a
brief
summary
of
the
9
criteria
for
the
New
Jersey
portion
of
the
PA­
NJ­
MD
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties.
Although
listed
in
the
tables
for
comparison
purposes,
Monmouth
and
Mercer
counties
are
not
specifically
discussed
in
the
analysis
since
they
have
been
recommended
for
nonattainment
by
New
Jersey.

Factor
1:
Emissions
in
the
PA­
NJ­
MD
C/
MSA
and
for
those
that
are
adjacent
to
the
C/
MSA
The
following
table
shows
total
emissions
(
in
tons)
and
emission
scores
for
Pennsylvania,
New
York
and
Maryland,
and
Delaware
included
in
the
PA­
NJ­
MD
C/
MSA
and
for
those
that
are
adjacent
to
the
C/
MSA.
(
Data
source:
2001
National
Emissions
Inventory
(
NEI)).

County
direct
PM
2.5
(
tons)
SO2
(
tons)
NOx
(
tons)
Carbon
PM2.5
(
tons)
Crustal
PM2.5
(
tons)
Emission
Score
Cumulative
Score
New
Castle,
DE
4,558
61,499
34,640
2,276
15,147
18.6
18.6
Philadelphia,
PA
3,944
16,681
55,011
2,116
1,200
14.0
32.6
Delaware,
PA
3,173
24,882
33,259
1,458
1,225
11.1
43.7
Montgomery,
PA
3,910
8,721
21,191
1,905
1,700
8.7
52.4
Chester,
PA
3,716
11,391
16,909
1,228
2,226
6.9
59.3
Bucks,
PA
3,100
6,870
16,852
1,443
1,444
6.8
66.1
Gloucester,
NJ
1,909
9,154
21,849
1,035
697
6.5
72.6
Camden,
NJ
2,154
4,120
17,025
1,286
727
5.9
78.5
Burlington,
NJ
2,298
2,330
15,113
1,326
836
5.6
84.1
Cape
May,
NJ
2,157
14,578
7,894
938
1,044
5.5
89.6
Atlantic,
NJ
1,404
1,905
8,676
773
563
3.3
92.9
Cumberland,
NJ
1,374
1,941
7,054
638
669
2.8
95.7
Salem,
NJ
1,243
4,485
5,457
487
653
2.6
98.3
Cecil,
MD
950
948
5,502
401
518
1.8
100.1
Northampton,
PA
5,646
55,105
24,051
1,212
3,374
13.9
Berks,
PA
4,806
17,143
21,834
1,520
2,821
9.1
Lancaster,
PA
5,673
10,786
20,901
1,746
3,569
8.8
Mercer,
NJ
2,950
16,426
27,098
1,113
1,608
8.4
Monmouth,
NJ
3,143
3,028
18,971
1,820
1,226
7.4
Ocean,
NJ
3,291
1,500
13,754
1,802
1,404
6.6
Lehigh,
PA
1,844
6,027
12,154
624
1,018
3.9
Kent,
DE
1,503
5,124
8,512
618
818
3.4
Harford,
MD
1,517
1,946
8,662
754
705
3.3
Hunterdon,
NJ
1,490
1,158
8,494
628
809
2.8
Warren,
NJ
1,204
975
6,358
600
530
2.5
Kent,
MD
438
228
1,009
170
259
0.6
Applied
to
New
Jersey,
the
process
identifies
Mercer,
Monmouth,
Gloucester,
Camden,
Burlington,
and
Ocean
Counties
as
having
elevated
emissions
relative
to
the
remainder
of
the
C/
MSA.
6­
18
Gloucester,
Camden,
Burlington,
and
Salem
Counties
in
New
Jersey
have
multiple
large
point
sources
which
are
concentrated
along
the
border
of
Philadelphia,
Delaware
and
New
Castle
Counties.
In
contrast,
Ocean
County
does
not
have
any
significant
point
sources.

The
bulk
of
mobile
source
emissions
from
Gloucester,
Camden,
and
Burlington
counties
would
be
concentrated
along
the
border
of
eastern
Pennsylvania
since
the
population
of
the
New
Jersey
counties
is
concentrated
along
the
border
of
Philadelphia
and
Delaware
counties.
In
contrast,
the
population
for
Ocean
County
is
concentrated
in
the
northeast
section
of
the
county.

Factor
2:
Air
quality
County
PM
2.5
2001­
2003
Design
Value
(
µ
g/
m3)
New
Castle,
DE
16.2
Philadelphia,
PA
16.4
Delaware,
PA
15.6
Montgomery,
PA
14.3
Chester,
PA
15.1
Bucks,
PA
14.6
Gloucester,
NJ
13.8
Camden,
NJ
14.6
Burlington,
NJ
No
monitor
Cape
May,
NJ
No
monitor
Atlantic,
NJ
11.6
Northampton,
PA
14.8
Berks,
PA
16.4
Lancaster,
PA
17.0
Mercer,
NJ
14.0
Monmouth,
NJ
No
monitor
Ocean,
NJ
11.7
Lehigh,
PA
14.6
Kent,
DE
13.1
Harford,
MD
13.1
Hunterdon,
NJ
No
monitor
Kent,
DE
13.1
6­
19
Cumberland,
NJ
No
monitor
Salem,
NJ
No
monitor
Cecil,
MD
No
monitor
New
Jersey
does
not
have
any
design
values
above
the
standard
in
the
area.
Gloucester
and
Camden
counties
have
design
values
approaching
the
standard.

The
following
New
Jersey
counties
are
adjacent
to
counties
with
violating
monitors:
Burlington,
Camden,
Salem
and
Gloucester.

Factor
3:
Population/
Population
density
County
2002
Population
2002
Population
Density
(
population
per
sq
mi)
New
Castle,
DE
512,370
1,203
Philadelphia
PA
1,492,231
11,054
Delaware,
PA
553,435
3,008
Montgomery
PA
766,517
1,587
Chester,
PA
450,160
595
Bucks,
PA
610,440
1,004
Gloucester,
NJ
262,049
806
Ocean,
NJ
537,065
844
Camden,
NJ
511,957
2,306
Burlington,
NJ
437,871
544
Cape
May,
NJ
102,
013
400
Atlantic,
NJ
259,423
462
Northampton,
PA
273,324
731
Berks,
PA
382,108
445
Lancaster,
PA
478,561
504
Lehigh,
PA
317,533
915
Kent,
DE
131,069
222
Harford,
MD
227,713
518
Mercer,
NJ
359,463
1,591
Monmouth,
NJ
629,836
1,334
6­
20
Cumberland,
NJ
147,768
302
Salem,
NJ
64,438
191
Cecil,
MD
90,335
260
The
analysis
for
this
factor
looks
at
population
data
from
2002.
Population
data
indicates
the
likelihood
of
population­
based
emissions
to
contribute
to
monitored
violations.

Due
to
its
large
concentrated
population
and
relative
land
size
area,
the
county
of
Philadelphia
dominates
the
remainder
of
the
C/
MSA.

To
a
much
lesser
extent,
Camden
County
is
also
more
urbanized
than
the
majority
of
the
remaining
counties
in
the
C/
MSA.

The
population
of
Gloucester,
Camden,
and
Burlington
are
concentrated
along
the
border
of
Philadelphia
and
Delaware
counties.
In
contrast,
the
population
of
Ocean
County
is
concentrated
in
the
northeastern
most
section
of
the
county.

Factor
4:
Traffic
and
commuting
patterns
County
VMT1
(
1000
miles)
#
Commuters
to
Philadelphia,
PA
#
Commuters
to
Delaware,
PA
#
Commuters
to
New
Castle,
DE
New
Castle,
DE
4,957
5,386
8,150
209,742
Philadelphia,
PA
10,213
429,667
21,802
1,856
Delaware,
PA
3,513
48,151
137,988
9,002
Montgomery,
PA
4,677
54,576
11,758
1,201
Chester,
PA
3,128
10,568
17,870
12,976
Bucks,
PA
3,830
31,892
2,754
493
Gloucester,
NJ
2,312
13,778
3,179
1,662
Ocean,
NJ
3,641
491
118
45
Camden,
NJ
4,332
32,961
3,232
1,286
Burlington,
NJ
3,748
17,661
1,771
597
Cape
May,
NJ
749
716
224
109
Atlantic,
NJ
2,236
1,359
314
175
Northampton,
PA
2,132
244
66
16
Berks,
PA
3,952
702
505
157
Lancaster,
PA
4,004
607
615
523
6­
21
Lehigh,
PA
2,738
578
171
22
Kent,
DE
1,633
37
125
6,058
Harford,
MD
2,208
88
35
1,033
Monmouth,
NJ
5,146
622
66
40
Mercer,
NJ
3,869
1,574
244
139
Cumberland,
NJ
1,166
618
105
171
Cecil,
MD
1,340
254
373
14,059
Salem,
NJ
734
615
486
3,258
1
Vehicle
Miles
Traveled
within
county
in
2002
The
analysis
of
this
factor
looks
at
the
number
of
commuters
who
drive
to
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area
with
violating
monitors,
as
well
as
total
Vehicle
Miles
Traveled
(
VMT)
for
each
county
in
thousands
of
miles.

The
largest
numbers
of
commuters
are
from
Pennsylvania
and
Delaware
counties.
Camden,
Burlington,
and
Gloucester
Counties
also
have
large
numbers
of
people
who
commute
to
Philadelphia.
All
other
New
Jersey
counties
are
low
for
the
number
of
commuters.
Ocean
County
has
a
very
low
number
of
commuters
to
Philadelphia.

After
Philadelphia,
there
does
not
appear
to
be
a
significant
difference
in
VMT
between
the
remainder
of
the
counties
in
the
CMSA.

Factor
5:
Expected
growth
County
2002
Population
%
growth
(
90­
00)
Population
Growth
(
90­
00)
New
Castle,
DE
512,370
13
58,319
Philadelphia,
PA
1,492,231
­
4
­
68,027
Delaware,
PA
553,435
1
3,213
Montgomery,
PA
766,517
11
71,986
Chester,
PA
450,160
15
57,105
Bucks,
PA
610,440
10
56,461
Gloucester,
NJ
262,049
11
24,591
Ocean,
NJ
537,065
18
77,713
Camden,
NJ
511,957
1
6,108
Burlington,
NJ
437,871
10
28,328
Cape
May,
NJ
102,013
8
7,237
6­
22
Atlantic,
NJ
259,423
13
28,225
Northampton,
PA
273,324
8
19,961
Berks,
PA
382,108
11
37,115
Lancaster,
PA
478,561
11
47,836
Lehigh,
PA
317,533
7
20,960
Kent,
DE
131,069
14
15,704
Harford,
MD
227,713
20
36,458
Monmouth,
NJ
629,836
11
62,
177
Mercer,
NJ
359,463
8
24,937
Cumberland,
NJ
147,768
6
8,385
Salem,
NJ
64,438
­
2
­
1,009
Cecil,
NJ
90,335
20
14,604
Ocean,
Gloucester,
and
Burlington
Counties
experienced
moderate
growth
in
New
Jersey.

Factor
6:
Meteorology
This
factor
did
not
play
a
significant
role
in
the
decision
making
process
for
New
Jersey
counties
with
the
exception
of
Ocean,
Cape
May,
and
Atlantic
Counties.

County
Prevailing
Wind
Direction
%

NW
SW
SE
NE
Philadelphia,
PA
35
31
15
20
Delaware,
PA
35
30
15
20
New
Castle,
DE
38
28
15
19
The
prevailing
wind
direction
to
counties
with
violating
monitors
is
predominantly
from
the
NW
and
SW.

Ocean,
Cape
May,
and
Atlantic
Counties
had
a
negligible
contribution
based
upon
analysis
of
pollution
roses.

Further
analysis
of
24
hour
back
trajectories
(
HYSPLIT
model)
calculated
and
plotted
for
twenty­
two
high
PM
days
in
Philadelphia
indicate
that
emissions
from
Ocean
County
have
a
very
low
impact
on
Philadelphia.
The
HYSPLIT
model
was
used
with
80
KM
EDAS
data
to
calculate
24­
hour
back
trajectories
ending
at
an
elevation
of
500
meters
over
Philadelphia
ending
at
07
UTC,
13
UTC,
19
UTC,
and
01
UTC
(
next
day).
Back
trajectories
passed
through
Ocean
County
only
on
four
days.
Further
review
of
those
trajectories
indicate
the
following:
6­
23
January
13,
2001
One
out
of
the
four
trajectories
plotted
(
i.
e.
back
trajectory
ending
at
19
WTC)
passed
through
the
northwesternmost
section
of
the
county.
That
section
of
the
county
has
a
low
population
density.
The
trajectory
continued
through
Camden
and
Gloucester
and
looped
through
heavily
populated
sections
of
Philadelphia
(
entered
the
city
from
the
west).

Dec
10,
2002
Light
and
variable
winds
were
observed
which
would
indicate
the
impact
of
local
emissions
from
the
Philadelphia
area.
One
out
of
the
four
trajectories
plotted
(
i.
e.,
back
trajectory
ending
at
07
WTC)
passed
through
the
center
of
the
county.
The
trajectory
looped
through
Kent
and
New
Castle
and
then
entered
Philadelphia
from
the
west.

Jan
30,
2003
One
out
of
the
four
trajectories
plotted
(
i.
e.,
back
trajectory
ending
at
19
WTC)
passed
through
the
northwesternmost
section
of
the
county.
That
section
of
the
county
has
a
low
population
density.

Oct
27,
2000
Two
out
of
the
four
trajectories
plotted
(
i.
e.,
back
trajectory
ending
at
07
and
13
WTC)
passed
through
the
southernmost
section
of
the
county.
That
section
of
the
county
has
a
low
population
density.
The
trajectory
ending
at
01
WTC
on
October
28th
was
from
the
west.

Factor
7:
Geography/
topography
The
area
does
not
have
any
geographical
or
topographical
boundaries
limiting
its
airshed
in
the
areas.

Factor
8:
Jurisdictional
boundaries
EPA
is
striving
to
achieve
consistency
with
the
8­
hour
ozone
nonattainment
areas
for
purposes
of
state
air
quality
planning.
Although
this
factor
is
considered
as
part
of
the
analysis,
this
factor
is
not
a
dominant
factor
in
the
decision
making
process.

All
counties
in
New
Jersey
were
designated
nonattainment
for
the
8­
hour
ozone
standard
on
April
15,
2004.

Factor
9:
Level
of
control
of
emission
sources
This
factor
did
not
play
a
significant
role
in
the
decision
making.
The
level
of
control
of
emission
is
reflected
in
factor
1.

6.2.2
EPA
9­
Factor
Analyses
for
New
York
for
the
Designation
of
Nonattainment
Areas
for
PM2.5
6­
24
Modifications
to
New
York's
Recommendations
Westchester
New
York
did
not
recommend
Westchester
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
York
recommendation
by
designating
Westchester
County
as
nonattainment.

Westchester
County
ranks
high
for
emissions,
population,
traffic,
and
commuting
patterns.
Westchester
is
also
adjacent
to
a
county
with
a
violating
monitor.
In
addition,
an
analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectories
to
New
Haven,
CT
showed
a
contribution
from
Westchester
County.

Nassau
New
York
did
not
recommend
Nassau
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
York
recommendation
by
designating
Nassau
County
as
nonattainment.

Nassau
County
ranks
high
for
emissions,
population,
traffic,
and
commuting
patterns.
In
addition,
an
analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectories
to
New
Haven,
CT
showed
a
contribution
from
Nassau
County.

Suffolk
New
York
did
not
recommend
Suffolk
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
York
recommendation
by
designating
Suffolk
County
as
nonattainment.

Suffolk
County
ranks
high
for
urban
excess
emissions,
population,
traffic,
and
commuting
patterns.
In
addition,
an
analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectories
to
New
Haven,
CT
showed
a
contribution
from
Suffolk
County.

Orange
New
York
did
not
recommend
Orange
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
York
recommendation
by
designating
Orange
County
as
nonattainment.

Orange
County
ranks
high
for
emissions.
Orange
County
also
has
several
large
point
sources.
In
addition,
an
analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectories
to
New
Haven,
CT
showed
a
contribution
from
Orange
County.

Rockland
New
York
did
not
recommend
Rockland
County
as
a
nonattainment
county.
EPA
is
modifying
the
New
York
recommendation
by
designating
Rockland
County
as
nonattainment.
This
county
is
recommended
because
it
is
contiguous
to
both
Orange
and
Westchester
Counties,
and
an
analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectories
to
New
Haven,
CT
showed
a
contribution
from
Rockland
County.
6­
25
Analysis
of
the
New
York
and
New
Jersey
portions
of
the
NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties
The
New
York
portion
of
this
area
includes
the
counties
of
Suffolk,
Nassau,
Queens,
New
York,
Orange,
Kings,
Westchester,
Dutchess,
Bronx,
Rockland,
Richmond,
Putnam,
Ulster,
Sullivan,
Greene,
Columbia,
and
Delaware.
Violating
monitors
(
based
on
2001­
2003
data)
in
New
York
State
are
present
in
New
York
and
the
Bronx
counties.

The
New
Jersey
portion
of
the
area
includes
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Monmouth,
Essex,
Ocean,
Mercer,
Hudson,
Union,
Morris,
Somerset,
Passaic,
Hunterdon,
Sussex,
Warren,
and
Burlington.
A
violating
monitor
(
based
on
2001­
2003
data)
in
New
Jersey
is
present
in
Union
County.

A
violating
monitor
(
based
on
2001­
2003
data)
is
also
present
in
New
Haven,
Connecticut.

New
York
State
has
recommended
that
the
most
effective
boundary
for
the
New
York
portion
of
this
nonattainment
area
would
consist
of
the
five
counties
comprising
New
York
City
which
includes
New
York,
the
Bronx,
Kings,
Queens,
and
Richmond
Counties.

New
Jersey's
recommendation
includes
Hudson,
Union,
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Monmouth,
Essex,
Mercer,
Morris,
Somerset,
and
Passaic
counties.

Based
on
EPA's
nine­
factor
analysis,
EPA
is
recommending
that
additional
counties
should
be
added
to
the
nonattainment
area
for
the
New
York
portion
of
the
NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties.
EPA
is
not
recommending
that
any
additional
counties
be
added
to
the
New
Jersey
portion
of
the
NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties.

NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
Area
EPA
Recommendation
State
Recommendation
New
York
New
York,
the
Bronx,
Kings,
Queens,
Richmond,
Suffolk,
Nassau,
Orange,
Westchester,
and
Rockland.
New
York,
the
Bronx,
Kings,
Queens,
and
Richmond
Counties.

New
Jersey
Hudson,
Union,
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Monmouth,
Essex,
Mercer,
Morris,
Somerset,
Passaic
counties.
Hudson,
Union,
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Monmouth,
Essex,
Mercer,
Morris,
Somerset,
Passaic
counties.

The
following
is
a
brief
summary
of
the
9
criteria
for
the
New
York
State
and
New
Jersey
portions
of
the
NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
C/
MSA
including
adjacent
counties.
Counties
that
are
in
the
C/
MSA
are
in
bold.
Burlington,
NJ
was
not
evaluated
since
it
was
recommended
for
nonattainment
by
us
based
on
our
9­
factor
analysis
for
the
New
Jersey
portion
of
the
PA­
NJ­
MD
C/
MSA
area.

Factor
1:
Emissions
for
New
York
and
New
Jersey
Counties
included
in
the
NY­
NJ­
CTPA
and
for
those
that
are
adjacent
to
the
C/
MSA
6­
26
The
following
table
shows
total
emissions
(
in
tons)
and
Emission
Scores
for
New
York
and
New
Jersey
Counties
included
in
the
NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
and
for
those
that
are
adjacent
to
the
C/
MSA.
(
Data
source:
2001
National
Emissions
Inventory
(
NEI)).

County
direct
PM
2.5
(
tons)
SO2
(
tons)
NOx
(
tons)
Carbon
PM2.5
(
tons)
Crustal
PM2.5
(
tons)
Emission
Score
Cumulative
Score
Suffolk,
NY
9,834
45,379
42,938
5,894
3,455
10.8
10.8
Nassau,
NY
7,289
12,587
30,695
4,665
2,370
7.9
18.7
Queens,
NY
5,443
21,315
57,013
3,203
1,539
7.0
25.7
New
York,
NY
4,531
29,811
45,611
2,701
1,269
6.1
31.8
Orange,
NY
4,410
30,875
22,978
2,091
2,058
4.5
36.3
Kings,
NY
3,039
14,163
42,392
1,800
973
4.4
40.7
Middlesex,
NJ
3,430
5,663
26,425
1,960
1,269
3.9
53.1
Westchester,
NY
3,229
9,680
20,815
1,923
1,154
3.7
56.8
Bergen,
NJ
2,691
7,945
27,835
1,451
1,726
3.6
60.4
Monmouth,
NJ
3,143
3,028
18,971
1,820
1,226
3.4
63.8
Essex,
NJ
2,435
8,114
27,325
1,466
808
3.2
67.0
Ocean,
NJ
3,291
1,500
13,754
1,802
1,404
3.1
70.1
Mercer,
NJ
2,950
16,426
27,098
1,113
1,608
3.0
73.1
Hudson,
NJ
2,529
22,745
25,572
1,004
1,241
2.9
76.0
Union,
NJ
2,092
5,393
21,149
1,263
688
2.7
78.7
Morris,
NJ
2,038
3,753
16,208
1,301
648
2.5
81.2
Dutchess,
NY
2,804
4,786
11,471
1,387
1,330
2.5
83.7
Bronx,
NY
1,460
6,723
20,299
849
503
2.1
85.8
Rockland,
NY
1,762
9,541
10,621
928
625
1.9
87.7
Somerset,
NJ
1,523
2,490
9,743
816
610
1.6
89.3
Passaic,
NJ
994
4,349
13,645
658
260
1.5
92.3
Richmond,
NY
1,776
1,079
8,399
708
1,009
1.4
95.1
Hunterdon,
NJ
1,490
1,158
8,494
628
809
1.3
96.4
Sussex,
NJ
1,225
872
5,191
612
574
1.1
97.5
Warren,
NJ
1,204
975
6,358
600
530
1.1
98.6
Putnam,
NY
1,040
548
3,083
505
512
0.9
99.5
Burlington,
NJ
2,298
2,330
15,113
1,326
836
2.5
Ulster,
NY
2,328
3,818
8,417
1,025
1,235
1.9
Sullivan,
NY
1,200
612
2,875
625
544
1.0
Greene,
NY
936
3,836
7,511
375
503
0.9
Columbia,
NY
1,018
585
3,497
420
574
0.8
Delaware,
NY
996
879
2,705
496
475
0.8
Applied
to
New
York,
this
process
identifies
Suffolk,
Nassau,
Queens,
New
York,
Orange,
Kings,
Westchester,
and
Dutchess
as
having
elevated
emissions
relative
to
the
remainder
of
the
C/
MSA.

Applied
to
New
Jersey,
the
process
identifies
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Monmouth,
Essex,
Ocean,
Mercer,
Hudson,
Union,
and
Morris
as
having
elevated
emissions
relative
to
the
remainder
of
the
C/
MSA.

Putnam,
Sussex,
and
Ocean
Counties
do
not
have
any
significant
point
sources.
6­
27
Factor
2:
Air
quality
County
PM2.5
2001­
2003
Design
Value
(
µ
g/
m3)
Suffolk,
NY
12.3
Nassau,
NY
12.4
Queens,
NY
13.6
New
York,
NY
17.7
Orange,
NY
11.6
Kings,
NY
14.9
Middlesex,
NJ
12.7
Fairfield,
CT
13.3
New
Haven,
CT
16.7
Westchester,
NY
12.5
Bergen,
NJ
13.8
Monmouth,
NJ
No
monitor
Essex,
NJ
14.5
Ocean,
NJ
11.7
Mercer,
NJ
14.0
Hudson,
NJ
14.8
Union,
NJ
15.7
Morris,
NJ
12.6
Dutchess,
NY
11.0
Bronx,
NY
15.8
Rockland,
NY
NA
Somerset,
NJ
No
monitor
Passaic,
NJ
13.3
Richmond,
NY
12.2
Hunterdon,
NJ
No
monitor
Sussex,
NY
No
monitor
Warren,
NJ
No
monitor
Putnam,
NY
No
monitor
6­
28
Ulster,
NY
No
monitor
Sullivan,
NY
No
monitor
Greene,
NY
No
monitor
Columbia,
NY
No
monitor
Delaware,
NY
No
monitor
All
counties
with
design
values
above
the
standard
have
been
recommended
for
nonattainment
designation
by
New
York
and
New
Jersey.
Suffolk,
Nassau,
Westchester,
Queens,
Kings,
Westchester,
and
Richmond
counties
in
New
York
had
design
values
approaching
the
standard.
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Essex,
Mercer,
Hudson,
Morris,
and
Passaic
had
design
values
approaching
the
standard
in
New
Jersey.

The
following
New
York
counties
are
adjacent
to
counties
with
violating
monitors:
Westchester,
Queens,
Kings,
and
Richmond.
The
following
New
Jersey
counties
are
adjacent
to
counties
with
violating
monitors:
Bergen,
Essex,
Hudson,
Middlesex,
Somerset,
and
Morris.

Factor
3:
Population/
Population
density
County
2002
Population
2002
Population
Density
(
population
per
sq
mi)
Suffolk,
NY
1,458,655
1601
Nassau,
NY
1,344,892
4686
Queens,
NY
2,237,815
20,530
New
York,
NY
1,546,856
55,245
Orange,
NY
356,773
437
Kings,
NY
2,488,194
35,045
Middlesex,
NJ
775,549
2,494
Westchester,
NY
937,279
2165
Bergen,
NJ
895,091
3,825
Monmouth,
NJ
629,836
1,334
Essex,
NJ
798,301
6,336
Ocean,
NJ
537,065
844
Mercer,
NJ
359,463
1,591
Hudson,
NJ
611,439
13,009
Union,
NJ
530,763
5,153
Morris,
NJ
478,730
1,021
6­
29
Dutchess,
NY
287,752
359
Bronx,
NY
1,354,068
32,240
Rockland,
NY
291,835
1677
Richmond,
NY
457,383
7,752
Somerset,
NJ
309,886
1,016
Passaic,
NJ
496,646
2,685
Ulster,
NY
179,986
160
Hunterdon,
NJ
125,
795
293
Sussex,
NJ
148,680
285
Warren,
NJ
107,537
300
Putnam,
NY
98,257
424
Sullivan,
NY
74,273
77
Greene,
NY
48,538
75
Columbia,
NY
63,532
100
Delaware,
NY
47,302
33
Due
to
their
large
concentrated
population
and
relative
land
area
size,
the
counties
within
New
York
City
(
i.
e.,
New
York,
Bronx,
Kings,
Queens,
and
Richmond
counties)
are
high
for
this
factor
(
i.
e.,
high
population
densities,
high
population
relative
to
the
remainder
of
the
CMSA
and
adjacent
counties).
Suffolk,
Nassau,
and
Westchester
counties
in
New
York;
and
Middlesex,
Essex,
Hudson,
and
Union
in
New
Jersey
also
score
moderately
high
for
this
factor.

Factor
4:
Traffic
and
commuting
patterns
County
VMT1
(
1000
miles)
#
Commuters
to
New
York
Co.
#
Commuters
to
Bronx
Co.
#
Commuters
to
Union
Co.
#
Commuters
to
New
Haven,
CT
Suffolk,
NY
7,414
41,121
2,614
180
113
Nassau,
NY
6,875
94,485
6,274
187
90
Queens,
NY
10,441
346,268
18,373
780
138
New
York,
NY
7,961
631,132
20,775
967
178
Orange,
NY
3,628
9,610
2,414
147
29
Kings,
NY
12,313
341,155
11,365
1,567
112
Middlesex,
NJ
5,794
25,765
355
26,653
51
Westchester,
NY
4,964
79,643
27,053
327
343
6­
30
Bergen,
NJ
6,732
61,253
5,353
5,124
74
Monmouth,
NJ
5,146
22,425
313
8,319
32
Essex,
NJ
6,356
28,076
782
24,052
10
Ocean,
NJ
3,641
2,964
115
4,567
13
Mercer,
NJ
3,869
5,654
147
1,291
15
Hudson,
NJ
4,518
58,423
1,214
6,740
23
Union,
NJ
4,034
16,305
417
113,263
11
Morris,
NJ
3,939
11,516
268
8,755
15
Dutchess,
NY
2,905
3,963
1,085
22
199
Bronx,
NY
6,440
159,664
168,903
586
56
Rockland,
NY
1,413
17,025
6,245
350
56
Somerset,
NJ
2,209
6,243
87
11,835
14
Passaic,
NJ
3,568
8,402
473
2,943
5
Richmond,
NY
2,030
53,249
1,095
1,486
11
Ulster,
NY
1,850
1,565
1,565
0
11
Fairfield,
CT
7,889
24,831
1,258
56
21,900
New
Haven,
CT
6,989
1,584
183
23
290,098
Hartford,
CT
8,105
460
36
11
16,948
New
London,
CT
2,958
126
19
9
1,638
Hunterdon,
NJ
1,893
1,176
7
3,069
0
Sussex,
NJ
1,323
1,449
94
967
13
Warren,
NJ
1,473
562
5
991
0
Putnam,
NY
781
4,416
2,021
30
181
Sullivan,
NY
683
829
110
6
0
Greene,
NY
643
305
10
8
0
Columbia,
NY
754
610
37
0
4
Delaware,
NY
508
248
9
0
4
Note:
CT
counties
shown
for
comparison
purposes
1
Vehicle
Miles
Traveled
within
county
in
2002
The
largest
number
of
commuters
to
counties
with
violating
monitors
in
New
York
and
New
Jersey
are
from
the
following
counties
within
New
York
City:
New
York,
Queens,
Kings,
and
6­
31
the
Bronx.
A
slightly
smaller
but
still
significant
number
of
commuters
are
also
traveling
into
New
York,
Bronx,
and
Union
counties
from
Nassau,
Westchester,
Suffolk,
and
Richmond
Counties
in
New
York;
and
Middlesex,
Bergen,
Monmouth,
Essex,
Hudson,
and
Union
Counties
in
New
Jersey.
The
remaining
counties
in
New
York
and
New
Jersey
have
low
numbers
of
commuters
to
counties
in
the
C/
MSA
with
violating
monitors.

Suffolk,
Nassau,
Queens,
New
York,
Kings,
and
the
Bronx
in
New
York;
and
Middlesex,
Bergen,
and
Essex
in
New
Jersey
score
the
highest
for
VMT
when
compared
to
the
rest
of
the
CMSA
and
adjacent
areas.

Both
New
York
and
New
Jersey
counties
have
a
very
low
number
of
commuters
to
New
Haven
County,
CT.

Factor
5:
Expected
growth
County
2002
Population
%
growth
(
90­
00)
Population
Growth
(
90­
00)
Suffolk,
NY
1,458,655
7
97,505
Nassau,
NY
1,344,892
4
47,196
Queens,
NY
2,237,815
14
277,781
New
York,
NY
1,546,856
3
49,659
Orange,
NY
356,773
11
33,720
Kings,
NY
2,488,194
7
164,662
Middlesex,
NJ
775,549
12
78,382
Westchester,
NY
937,279
6
48,593
Bergen,
NJ
895,091
7
58,738
Monmouth,
NJ
629,836
11
62,177
Essex,
NJ
798,301
2
15,427
Ocean,
NJ
537,065
18
77,713
Mercer,
NJ
359,463
8
24,937
Hudson,
NJ
611,439
10
55,876
Union,
NJ
530,763
6
28,722
Morris,
NJ
478,730
12
48,859
Dutchess,
NY
287,752
8
20,688
Bronx,
NY
1,354,068
11
128,861
Rockland,
NY
291,835
8
21,278
6­
32
Somerset,
NJ
309,886
24
57,211
Passaic,
NJ
496,646
8
35,989
Richmond,
NY
457,383
17
64,751
Ulster,
NY
179,986
8
12,445
Hunterdon,
NJ
125,795
13
14,213
Sussex,
NJ
148,680
10
13,223
Warren,
NJ
107,537
12
10,830
Putnam,
NY
98,257
14
11,804
Sullivan,
NY
74,273
7
4,689
Greene,
NY
48,538
8
3,456
Columbia,
NY
63,532
0
112
Delaware,
NY
47,302
2
830
Based
upon
an
analysis
of
this
factor,
the
counties
of
Queens,
Kings,
the
Bronx,
and
Somerset
counties
have
been
identified
as
experiencing
either
significant
recent
growth
on
a
percentage
or
absolute
basis.
Orange,
Richmond,
Ocean,
Suffolk,
Middlesex,
Monmouth,
Hudson,
Morris,
Richmond,
Hunterdon,
Sussex,
Warren,
and
Putnam
counties
experienced
moderate
growth.
The
remaining
counties
have
very
low
growth.

Factor
6:
Meteorology
This
factor
did
not
play
a
significant
role
in
the
decision
making
process
for
Queens,
New
York,
Kings,
Bronx,
Richmond
in
New
York.
Meteorology
did
not
play
a
significant
role
in
the
decision
making
process
for
New
Jersey
Counties
with
the
exception
of
Ocean
County.

County
Prevailing
Wind
Direction
%

NW
SW
SE
NE
New
York,
NY
34
29
11
26
Bronx,
NY
33
30
12
25
Union,
NJ
31
32
14
23
New
Haven,
CT
34
30
13
24
The
prevailing
wind
direction
to
counties
with
violating
monitors
is
predominantly
from
the
northwest,
southwest,
and
northeast.

Analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectories
to
New
Haven,
CT
showed
a
contribution
from
Suffolk,
Nassau,
Orange,
Westchester,
Dutchess,
Rockland,
and
Ulster
Counties.
6­
33
EPA
REMSAD
(
Regional
Modeling
System
for
Aerosols
and
Deposition)
model
used
during
the
analysis
for
the
Interstate
Air
Quality
Rule
demonstrated
that
the
maximum
contribution
from
New
York
State
to
the
monitor
in
New
Haven
was
0.85
µ
g/
m3,
or
above
the
0.15
µ
g/
m3
threshold
for
determining
whether
emissions
in
a
State
make
a
significant
contribution
to
PM2.5
nonattainment
in
another
state.

Ocean
County
had
a
negligible
contribution
based
upon
the
analysis
of
pollution
roses
and
back
trajectory
analysis
to
New
York
City.
Analysis
of
back
trajectories
(
HYSPLIT
model)
calculated
and
plotted
for
the
thirty­
nine
high
PM
days
in
New
York
City
indicate
that
emissions
from
Ocean
County
have
a
very
low
impact
on
New
York
City.
Back
trajectories
passed
through
Ocean
County
on
only
two
days.
Further
review
of
these
trajectories
indicate
the
following:

August
28,
2001
Two
out
of
the
four
trajectories
plotted
for
this
day
passed
through
Ocean
County.
It
is
not
likely
that
Ocean
County
was
the
source
of
the
high
PM
on
this
day.
The
analysis
from
the
Bronx
speciation
monitor
showed
that
the
particulate
matter
was
mostly
sulfate.
Ocean
County
is
a
very
low
emitter
of
sulfur
dioxide
(
i.
e.
1,500
released
in
2001)

October
6,
2000
One
out
of
four
trajectories
plotted
for
this
day
passed
through
Ocean
County.
This
trajectory
also
passed
through
areas
with
a
heavy
concentration
of
point
sources
in
the
Camden/
Philadelphia
and
northeastern
New
Jersey
areas
before
entering
New
York
City
from
the
west.

Factor
7:
Geography/
topography
The
area
does
not
have
any
geographical
or
topographical
boundaries
limiting
its
airshed
in
the
areas.

Factor
8:
Jurisdictional
boundaries
EPA
is
striving
to
achieve
consistency
with
the
8­
hour
ozone
nonattainment
areas
for
purposes
of
state
air
quality
planning.
Although
this
factor
is
considered
as
part
of
the
analysis,
this
factor
is
not
a
dominant
factor
in
the
decision
making
process.

All
counties
in
New
Jersey
were
designated
nonattainment
for
the
8­
hour
ozone
standard
on
April
15,
2004.
All
counties
within
the
New
York
portion
of
the
NY­
NJ­
CT­
PA
C/
MSA
and
adjacent
counties,
with
the
exception
of
Ulster,
Sullivan,
Columbia,
and
Delaware,
were
also
designated
nonattainment
for
ozone.

Factor
9:
Level
of
control
of
emission
sources
This
factor
does
not
play
a
significant
role
in
the
decision
making
process.
The
level
of
control
of
emission
sources
is
reflected
in
factor
1.

Justifications
for
Changes
to
EPA
Recommendations
Contained
in
the
June
29,
2004
Letters
to
States
6­
34
New
Jersey
EPA
does
not
intend
on
modifying
its
recommendations
concerning
nonattainment
designations
and
boundaries
which
were
listed
in
the
June
29,
2004
letter
to
New
Jersey.

EPA
provides
further
explanation
for
not
including
Cape
May,
Cumberland,
Salem,
Ocean,
Sussex,
Hunterdon
and
Warren
counties
in
New
Jersey
in
this
section.

Cape
May.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Cape
May
County
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
the
nearby
monitor
in
Atlantic
County
is
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
Philadelphia
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
low
emissions,
low
population
and
low
population
density,
low
growth,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.
Analysis
of
meteorology
(
pollution
and
wind
roses,
and
back
trajectories)
also
shows
low
impact
to
counties
with
nonattainment
monitors.

Cumberland.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Cumberland
County
be
designated
as
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
nearby
monitors
in
Atlantic
and
Gloucester
Counties
are
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
Philadelphia
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
low
emissions,
low
growth,
low
population
and
population
density,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.
Analysis
of
meteorology
(
pollution
and
wind
roses,
and
back
trajectories)
also
shows
low
impact
to
counties
with
nonattainment
monitors.

Salem.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Salem
County
be
designated
as
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
the
nearby
monitor
in
Gloucester
County
is
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
Philadelphia
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
low
overall
emissions,
low
population
and
population
density,
low
growth,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.

Ocean.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Ocean
County
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
The
PM2.5
monitor
in
the
county
is
monitoring
below
the
standard.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York
and
Philadelphia
metropolitan
areas:
the
county
does
not
have
significant
point
sources
and
has
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
New
York
and
Philadelphia
metropolitan
areas.
Analysis
of
meteorology
(
pollution
and
wind
roses,
and
back
trajectories)
shows
low
impact
from
emissions
to
nearby
counties
with
nonattainment
monitors.

Sussex.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Sussex
County
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
the
nearby
monitors
in
Passaic
and
Morris
counties
are
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
very
6­
35
low
emissions,
low
growth,
low
population
and
population
density,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.

Hunterdon.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Hunterdon
County
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
the
nearby
monitors
in
Morris
County
are
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
very
low
emissions,
low
population
and
population
density,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.

Warren.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Warren
County
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
The
PM2.5
monitor
in
the
county
is
monitoring
below
the
standard.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
very
low
emissions,
low
population
and
population
density,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.

New
York
EPA
does
not
intend
on
modifying
its
recommendations
concerning
nonattainment
designations
and
boundaries
which
were
listed
in
the
June
29,
2004
letter
to
New
York.

EPA
provides
further
explanation
for
nonattainment
designations
for
Orange
and
Rockland
Counties.
EPA
also
provides
further
explanation
for
not
including
Dutchess,
Putnam,
Ulster
counties
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
nonattainment
area.

Orange.
EPA
has
determined
that
the
violating
monitor
in
New
Haven
County
is
not
representative
of
community
exposure.
Notwithstanding
that
fact,
EPA
believes
that
Orange
County
contributes
to
PM
2.5
levels
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area.
Specifically,
EPA
has
determined
that
emissions
from
Orange
County
are
significant..
EPA
also
took
into
consideration
that
there
are
large
power
plants
located
in
the
county
and
that
they
contribute
to
the
problem
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area.

Rockland.
EPA
has
determined
that
the
violating
monitor
in
New
Haven
County
is
not
representative
of
community
exposure.
Notwithstanding
that
fact,
EPA
believes
that
Rockland
County
contributes
to
PM
2.5
levels
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area.
Specifically,
EPA
has
determined
that
the
number
of
commuters
from
Rockland
County
into
the
New
York
metropolitan
area
are
significant.
EPA
also
took
into
consideration
that
there
are
large
power
plants
located
in
the
county
and
that
they
contribute
to
the
problem
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area.

Dutchess.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Dutchess
County
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
The
PM2.5
monitor
in
the
county
is
monitoring
below
the
standard.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York:
the
county
has
a
low
population
and
population
density,
low
growth,
low
VMT
and
a
6­
36
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.
Analysis
of
meteorology
(
pollution
and
wind
roses,
and
back
trajectories)
shows
low
impact
from
emissions
to
nearby
counties
with
nonattainment
monitors.

Putnam.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Putnam
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
the
nearby
monitor
in
Westchester
and
Orange
counties
are
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
very
low
emissions,
a
low
population
and
population
density,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.
Analysis
of
meteorology
(
pollution
and
wind
roses,
and
back
trajectories)
shows
low
impact
from
emissions
to
nearby
counties
with
nonattainment
monitors.

Ulster.
EPA
is
recommending
that
Ulster
be
designated
attainment/
unclassifiable.
Although
the
county
does
not
have
a
PM2.5
monitor,
the
nearby
monitors
in
Dutchess
and
Orange
counties
are
attaining.
Analysis
of
the
9
factors
provides
sufficient
evidence
that
the
county
does
not
contribute
to
nonattainment
monitors
in
the
New
York
metropolitan
area:
the
county
has
low
emissions,
a
low
population
and
population
density,
low
growth,
low
VMT
and
a
low
number
of
commuters
to
nonattainment
counties
within
the
metropolitan
area.
Analysis
of
meteorology
(
pollution
and
wind
roses,
and
back
trajectories)
shows
low
impact
from
emissions
to
nearby
counties
with
nonattainment
monitors.