Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2003-0024-0020
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2003-06-03T04:00Z

Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
1
of
20
Data
Requirement:
:
EPA
DP
Barcode
D288775
EPA
MRID
458677­
05
EPA
Guideline
70­
1(
Special
Study)

Test
material:
Purity:
not
reported
Common
name:
Atrazine
Chemical
name:
IUPAC
CAS
name
6­
chloro­
N­
ethyl­
N'­(
1­
methylethyl)­
1,3,5­
triazine­
2,4­
diamine
CAS
No.
1912­
24­
9
Synonyms
EPA
PC
Code:
80803
Primary
Reviewer:
Thomas
M.
Steeger,
Ph.
D.,
Senior
Biologist
Date:
March
27,
2003
Environmental
Fate
and
Effects
Division,
ERB
4,
U.
S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
Secondary
Reviewer(
s):
Joseph
E.
Tietge,
M.
S.,
Research
Aquatic
Biologist
Date:
Mid­
Continent
Ecology
Division,
National
Health
and
Environmental
Effects
Research
Laboratory
(
Duluth),
U.
S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
Stephanie
Irene,
Ph.
D.,
Senior
Advisor
Date:
Environmental
Fate
and
Effects
Division,
ERB
3,
U.
S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
Mary
J.
Frankenberry,
Senior
Statistician
Date:
Environmental
Fate
and
Effects
Division,
ERB
3,
U.
S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
EPA
PC
Code
080803
Date
Evaluation
Completed:
06/
01/
2003
CITATION:
Crabtree,
C.;
E.
E.
Smith;
J.
A.
Carr.
2003.
Histology
of
the
gonads
and
analysis
of
hormone
levels
in
the
native
bull
frog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
collected
from
agricultural
areas
in
southern
Iowa:
pilot
project.
The
Institute
of
Environmental
and
Human
Health,
Texas
Technical
University,
Lubbock,
Texas.
Sponsor:
Syngenta
Crop
Protection,
Inc.
Laboratory
Identification
Number
ECORISK
Number
TTU­
02.
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
2
of
20
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY:

This
study
presents
the
results
of
Phase
1
of
a
three­
phase
study
where
14
pond
sites
in
southern
Iowa
(
3
reference
and
11
atrazine­
exposed)
were
characterized.
Experimental
sites
were
located
in
corn
and
soybeandominated
agriculture
areas.
Pond
sizes
ranged
from
0.14
ha
to
2.94
ha
with
average
watershed
areas
ranging
from
2.19
ha
to
84.02
ha.
Atrazine
concentrations
in
reference
ponds
averaged
0.06

g/
L.
Mean
atrazine
concentrations
in
corn­
dominated
sites
over
the
June
to
September
ranged
from
1.07
to
19.26

g/
L;
atrazine
was
highest
in
corn­
dominated
ponds
in
June/
July
with
a
maximum
value
of
35.07

g/
L.
For
soybeandominated
watersheds,
the
highest
residues
ranged
from
3.19
to
3.85

g/
L.
Similarly,
maximum
deisopropyl
atrazine
residue
concentrations
were
highest
in
corn­
dominated
areas
in
June/
July
at
4.17

g/
L.
Maximum
desethyl
atrazine
(
DEA)
residues
were
highest
in
corn­
dominated
ponds
at
16.55

g/
L
in
June/
July
and
16.10

g/
L
in
August.
Residues
of
diaminochlortriazine
(
DACT)
remained
relatively
constant
during
the
sampling
period
and
once
again,
the
highest
average
residues
(
0.65

g/
L)
were
from
corn­
dominated
ponds.

Bullfrogs
(
Rana
catesbiena)
were
present
at
all
sites
in
sufficient
numbers
for
collection;
however,
not
all
life
stages
were
collected
at
every
site..
No
significant
differences
were
found
for
adult
body
weight
or
snout­
vent
length
(
SVL).
Mean
weight
and
SVL
for
juvenile
females
were
significantly
lower
in
reference
sites
than
atrazine­
exposure
sites.
Mean
SVL
for
juvenile
males
was
significantly
lower
in
reference
sites
than
in
atrazine­
exposure
sites;
however
mean
weight
of
juvenile
males
was
not
statistically
different
between
sites.
Gonadal
somatic
index
(
GSI)
was
not
significantly
different
between
sites
for
either
adults
or
juveniles.
No
gross
gonadal
abnormalities
were
observed
based
on
visual
examination
(
gross
morphology).
The
incidence
of
external
abnormalities
was
less
than
1%
of
the
total
frogs
caught.

The
number
of
water
samples
may
have
been
insufficient
to
characterize
the
exposure
potential
to
atrazine,
particularly
in
reference
sites.
While
an
effort
was
made
to
characterize
a
limited
number
of
herbicides,
no
effort
appears
to
have
been
made
to
characterize
other
pesticides
in
general.
Based
on
the
preliminary
results,
none
of
the
indices
measured
(
weight,
length,
GSI
or
the
incidence
of
gross
gonadal
deformities
)
in
the
bullfrog
indicate
that
variable
exposure
levels
to
atrazine
and
other
triazine
degradates
are
adversely
affecting
this
species.
While
the
bullfrog
appears
to
be
clearly
present,
the
relevancy
of
this
species
is
questionable
because
there
isn't
much
information
available
on
the
bullfrog
relative
to
some
of
the
indices
of
interest,
i.
e.,
steroid
hormone
levels,
aromatase
levels,
background
incidence,
and
types
of
gonadal
abnormalities.
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
3
of
20
I.
MATERIALS
AND
METHODS
GUIDELINE
FOLLOWED:
Nonguideline
Study
COMPLIANCE:
Not
conducted
under
full
GLP;
however,
most
practices
as
defined
by
40
CFR
Part
160,
August
19,
1989
were
established
for
this
study,
including
but
not
limited
to:

°
Written,
authorized
preliminary
protocol
°
Written,
authorized
Standard
Operating
Procedures
for
all
key
procedures.
°
Organization
and
Personnel
were
sufficient
in
terms
of
number,
education,
training
and
experience.
°
Facilities
were
of
suitable
size
and
construction
°
Equipment
used
was
of
appropriate
design
and
adequate
capacity.
°
Independent
QA
Inspection
was
conducted
of
raw
data..
°
Interim
Report
was
written
°
Raw
data,
documentation,
records,
protocols,
and
final
report
will
be
archived.

A.
MATERIALS:

1.
Test
Material
Atrazine
Description:
Not
reported
Lot
No./
Batch
No.
:
Not
reported
Purity:
NA
Stability
of
compound
under
test
conditions:
Not
reported
Storage
conditions
of
test
chemicals:
Not
reported
2.
Test
organism:

Species:
Native
bull
frog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
.
Age
at
test
initiation:
La
Weight
at
study
initiation:
(
mean
and
range)
Not
reported
Length
at
study
initiation:
(
mean
and
range)
Not
reported
Source:
Field­
collected
at
Edith
Angel
Environmental
Center,
The
Institute
of
Environmental
and
Human
Health
Texas
Tech
University
44351
State
Hwy
13
Chariton,
Iowa
50049
B.
STUDY
DESIGN:
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
4
of
20
Objective:
1.
To
select
sites
and
validate
biochemical,
analytical
methods
and
sampling
techniques
to
assess
the
effects
of
atrazine
on
kidney
and
gonad
histology
of
bullfrogs
(
Rana
catesbiena)
and
other
species
collected
from
various
field
sites
in
southern
Iowa.
2.
Develop
biochemical
and
analytical
methods
for
determination
of
blood
steroid
hormone
levels
and
gonadal
aromatase
activity.
3.
Conduct
histological
analysis
of
the
gonads
and
kidneys
of
collected
frogs.
4.
Calculate
the
gonadal
somatic
index
(
GSI)
of
collected
frogs.
5.
Measure
atrazine
levels
in
the
aquatic
environments
where
frogs
are
collected.
6.
Describe
the
study
sites,
physically,
biologically,
and
chemically,
by
recording
the
following
data
for
each
site:
shape/
area,
depth,
plant
life,
approximate
watershed
area,
major
crops
in
the
watershed,
pesticides
used
on
the
major
crops,
and
water
quality
indices
(
temperature,
pH,
dissolved
oxygen,
and
conductivity).
7.
Describe
the
morphology
of
collected
frogs
by
recording
the
sex,
weight,
snout­
vent
length
(
SVL),
and
any
physical
abnormalities
observed.

1.
Experimental
Conditions
Sampling
was
conducted
in
mid­
summer
(
June/
July
2002),
late­
summer
(
August
2002),
Fall
(
September
2002)
and
Spring
2003
(
no
data
reported
as
of
yet)
in
Phase
I
of
a
three­
phase
study.
Each
pond/
lake
was
sampled
once
during
each
sampling
period.
Frogs
at
all
life
stages
(
tadpole
through
adult)
were
collected
at
each
sampling.

Corn/
soybean
rotational
cropping
patterns
in
11
atrazine­
use
areas
(
K­
1,
R1
­
R4,
R6,
S1
­
S3,
T1,
W1)
and
3
reference
sites
(
isolated
from
corn/
soybean
culture)
(
F1,
M1,
and
P1)
were
evaluated.
Reference
site
watersheds
were
either
primary
hardwood
forest
(
M1)
or
turf
(
P1,
F1).
Experimental
site
watersheds
were
a
combination
of
corn,
soybean
and
pasture/
hay.
Experimental
sites
R1,
R2,
R3,
S2,
T1
and
W1
were
planted
in
soybeans
and
treated
primarily
with
glyphosate
in
2002.
Ponds
K1,
R4,
R6,
S1
and
S3
were
planted
in
corn
and
treated
with
atrazine
in
combination
with
one
or
more
of
the
following
herbicides:
acetochlor,
smetolachlor
nicosulfuron,
rimsulfuron
or
2,4­
D.

Bifenthrin
was
the
only
insecticide
applied
to
corn.
Most
of
the
soybeans
were
genetically
modified
oganisms
engineered
for
resistance
to
glyphosate.
Soybeans
were
treated
in
spring
with
Roundup
®
.
A
variety
of
herbicides
were
used
in
the
watersheds
of
corn
(
atrazine,
acetochlor,
s­
metolachlor,
clomazone,
ethalfluralin,
nicosulfuron,
rimsulfuron
and
2,4­
D.

At
each
sampling,
duplicate
water
samples
were
collected
from
each
study
site;
two
250­
mL
samples
were
collected
from
4
sites
evenly
distributed
around
each
water
body
(
N,
S,
E
and
W)
and
collected
at
a
depth
of
10
cm.
Each
set
of
four
250­
mL
samples
were
pooled
into
a
1­
L
composite.
At
the
time
of
collection,
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
5
of
20
temperature,
DO,
pH
and
conductivity
were
measured.
One
sediment
sample
was
collected
from
each
site
during
late­
ummer
sampling.

Samples
were
analyzed
for
atrazine
and
its
metabolites,
simizine
and
metolochlor.

Frogs
were
collected
by
dip
net
for
one
hour
at
night.
All
frogs
that
could
be
collected
within
the
1­
hour
period
were
held
in
buckets
of
pond
water
until
the
sampling
period
ended.
All
frogs
with
physical
abnormalities
were
immediately
selected
for
analysis
and
the
remainder
were
randomly
selected
from
the
pooled
sample
until
a
sample
size
of
10
(
15
during
early
fall)
was
achieved.
Tadpoles
were
collected
using
dip­
nets
just
prior
to
or
concurrent
with
frog
sampling
until
a
total
of
10
tadpoles
were
collected.
Remaining
frogs
were
released
back
into
the
pond.

Blood
samples
were
collected
from
adults
by
cardiac
puncture.
Species,
sex,
weight
and
SVL
for
each
necropsied
specimen
was
recorded
(
apparently
after
each
of
the
animals
had
been
bled
and
necropsied).
During
early
fall
sampling,
right
gonad
was
extracted
from
5
of
the
15
collected
animals,
frozen
in
liquid
nitrogen
for
use
in
3H2O­
release
aromatase
assay.
The
remainder
of
the
carcass
was
fixed
in
Bouin's.
A
random
sample
of
340
male
and
female
frogs
(
73%
of
all
the
frogs
sampled
in
2002)
were
examined
visually.

II.
RESULTS
and
DISCUSSION:
[
All
results
discussed
in
this
section
and
the
next
are
those
reported
by
the
study
authors.
Although
supplemental
data
are
typically
used
in
a
qualitative
manner
only,
EFED
verified
spreadsheet
data
and
ran
basic
statistical
analyses
on
the
major
study
parameters.
See
attached
appendix.
If
results
appeared
to
differ
in
any
substantive
way,
the
difference
was
reported
in
the
text
below.]

Pond
sizes
ranged
from
0.14
ha
to
2.94
ha.
The
average
watershed
areas
ranged
from
2.19
ha
to
84.02
ha.
Dissolved
oxygen
in
terms
of
percent
saturation
was
surprisingly
low
during
the
late­
summer
and
fall
samplings
dropping
as
low
as
1.9%
saturation.
In
pond
T1,
pH
is
reported
to
have
dropped
to
1.31
and
is
likely
a
typo.

Although
atrazine
concentrations
in
corn­
dominated
sites
over
the
June
to
September
sampling
period
averaged
5.52

g/
L
(
Table
1),
the
means
from
each
of
the
ponds
ranged
from
1.07
to
19.26

g/
L.
Atrazine
was
highest
in
corn­
dominated
ponds
in
June/
July
with
the
maximum
value
of
35.07

g/
L;
experimental
pond
R6
(
corn)
exhibited
the
highest
atrazine
levels
ranging
from
5.7
to
35.07

g/
L.
For
soybean­
dominated
watersheds,
pond
W1
had
the
highest
residues
ranging
from
3.19
to
3.85

g/
L.
Similarly,
deisopropyl
atrazine
concentrations
were
highest
in
corn­
dominated
areas
and
averaged
0.89

g/
L;
however
maximum
residues
were
recorded
in
June/
July
at
4.17

g/
L.
Desethyl
atrazine
(
DEA)
residues
were
highest
in
corn­
dominated
ponds;
however
residues
from
June
through
August
were
relatively
consistent.
Maximum
residues
for
DEA
were
at
16.55

g/
L
in
June/
July
and
16.10

g/
L
in
August.
Residues
of
diaminochlortriazine
(
DACT)
remained
relatively
constant
during
the
sampling
period
and
once
again,
the
highest
average
residues
(
0.65

g/
L)
were
from
corndominated
ponds.
The
maximum
residue
detected
(
2.33

g/
L)
occurred
twice,
once
in
June/
July
and
again
in
September.

Metolachlor
residues
averaged
between
0.05
and
0.06

g/
L
across
all
sample
sites
while
simazine
residues
averaged
0.05

g/
L.
The
detection
limits
for
both
metolachlor
and
simazine
are
0.1

g/
L
and
thus
residues
were
at
or
below
detection
limits.
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
6
of
20
Table
1.
Mean
atrazine,
diaminochlorotriazine
(
DACT),
deisopropyl
atrazine,
and
desethyl
atrazine
residues
in
pond
water
collected
at
refernecea,
corn­
dominatedb
and
soybean­
dominatedc
sites.

Chemical
Residues
Reference

g/
L
Corn

g/
L
Soybean

g/
L
Atrazine
0.06
5.52
1.05
Diaminochlorotriazine
0.10
0.65
0.24
Deisopropyl
atrazine
0.05
0.89
0.21
Desethyl
atrazine
0.05
3.18
0.65
a
reference
site
include
ponds
M1,
P1
and
F1
b
corn­
dominated
sites
include
ponds
R4,
R6,
K1,
S1
and
S3
c
soybean­
dominated
sites
include
ponds
R1,
R2,
R3,
S2,
T1
and
W1
Frogs
without
tails
but
less
than
70
g
were
classified
as
juveniles,
while
frogs
without
tails
but
weighing

70
g
were
classified
as
adults.
More
females
than
males
were
collected
in
sampling
period
1
(
50%
vs
35%)
and
in
period
2
(
54%
vs
40%);
however,
in
sampling
period
3,
the
percentage
of
males
and
females
was
roughly
similar
50%
vs
49%).
Overall,
for
the
three
ponds
combined,
females
outnumbered
males
(
51%
vs
43%)
and
juveniles
outnumbered
the
adults
(
52%
vs
44%).
Species
other
than
bullfrogs
represented
6%
of
all
collected
frogs.

T­
test
comparisons
between
reference
sites
and
experimental
sites
for
adult
males
and
adult
females
resulted
in
no
significant
difference
for
either
weight
or
length
(
Table
2).
In
general
there
was
a
trend
for
male
and
female
adults
to
weigh
more
at
reference
sites.
However,
mean
weight
and
SVL
for
juvenile
females
was
significantly
lower
in
reference
sites
than
experimental
sites.
There
were
no
differences
in
the
gonadosomatic
index
for
males
(
weight
of
the
right
gonad
÷
frog's
weight)
or
females
collected
at
reference
versus
experimental
sites
(
Table
3).

No
gross
morphological
abnormalities
were
observed
(
n
=
340)
in
either
male
or
female
gonads
collected
across
reference
and
experimental
sites.

Table
4
summarizes
the
total
number
of
bullfrogs
caught
and
sampled
in
reference
and
experimental
sites
and
the
sexes
of
those
animals
over
the
three
sampling
periods.
This
information
was
taken
from
Tables
10
through
12
of
the
report.
Based
on
these
data,
the
percentage
of
males
in
reference
samples
ranged
from
11
to
56%
over
the
three
sampling
periods,
while
the
percentage
of
males
in
experimental
site
samples
ranged
from
41
to
49%.
In
reference
sites,
the
percentage
of
frogs
where
the
sex
could
not
be
determined
based
on
gross
morphology
ranged
from
0
to
22%
while
in
experimental
sites,
the
percentage
ranged
form
1.4%
to
5.9%.
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
7
of
20
Table
2.
Necropsied
carcass
weight
and
snout­
to­
vent
length
(
SVL)
for
male
and
female,
adult
and
juvenile
bullfrogs
collected
from
reference
and
experimental
sites.

Site
Type
Sex
Stage
Weight
SVL
N
Mean
SD
N
Mean
SD
Reference
male
adult
14
147.33
47.79
14
119.1
11.9
female
16
195.61
104.58
15
126.6
20.7
male
juvenile
22
18.65
19.03
22
55.5
18.8
female
32
15.63
13.13
32
53.7
15.5
Experimental
male
adult
78
134.40
57.74
78
114.9
15.9
female
68
160.23
98.84
65
117.7
17.9
male
juvenile
78
26.56
17.58
78
65.6
15.3
female
103
26.99
16.75
103
65.6
14.5
Table
3.
Gonadosomatic
index
for
bullfrogs
collected
during
sampling
period
3
Site
Type
Sex
Stage
N
Mean
Standard
Deviation
Reference
male
female
Adult
6
3
0.07%
1.01%
0.01%
0.52%

male
female
Juvenile
2
3
0.05%
0.67%
0.02%
0.16%

Experimental
male
female
Adult
15
15
0.06%
0.93%
0.02%
0.74%

male
female
Juvenile
10
15
0.03%
0.60%
0.02%
0.29%
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
8
of
20
Table
4.
Total
number
of
bullfrogs
caught
and
sampled
and
their
respective
sex
based
on
gross
morphology
by
collection
period.

Sampling
Period
Treatment
Number
Caught
Number
Sampled
Males
Females
Unknown
June
­
July
Reference
18
18
2
12
4
Experimental
394
99
41
47
11
August
Reference
42
27
9
16
2
Experimental
447
101
44
51
6
September
Reference
87
45
25
20
0
Experimental
286
146*
71
75
2
*
Pond
R3
and
W1
reported
as
14
frogs
captured
but
in
both
15
were
reported
sexed.

REVIEWER'S
COMMENTS:

This
study
represents
a
basic
survey
of
a
proposed
study
area.
The
limited
number
of
water
samples
may
not
have
provided
sufficient
characterization
of
the
exposure
potential
to
atrazine,
particularly
in
reference
sites.
While
an
effort
was
made
to
characterize
a
limited
number
of
herbicides,
other
pesticides
apparently
were
not
characterized.
While
the
bullfrog
appears
to
be
clearly
present,
the
relevancy
of
this
species
is
questionable
because
no
other
studies
looking
at
gonadal
abnormalities
are
available
on
this
species.

Weighing
and
measuring
animals
after
cardiac
puncture
may
influence
the
accuracy
of
these
numbers.
It
is
unclear
why
no
mention
is
made
of
the
number
of
adult
animals
where
the
sex
could
not
be
determined;
in
reference
ponds
the
percentage
was
as
high
as
22%.
Because
the
histology
data
have
not
been
compiled,
it
is
premature
to
conclude
anything
about
the
incidence
of
intersex
in
the
bullfrog.
Initial
results,
though,
suggest
that
the
field­
collected
bullfrog
is
not
sensitive
to
atrazine.

CONCLUSIONS:

This
is
an
interim
report;
however,
based
on
the
preliminary
results,
none
of
the
indices
measured
(
weight,
length,
GSI
or
the
incidence
of
gross
gonadal
deformities
)
in
the
bullfrog
indicate
that
variable
exposure
levels
to
atrazine
and
other
triazine
degradates
are
adversely
affecting
this
species.
While
the
bullfrog
appears
to
be
clearly
present,
the
relevancy
of
this
species
is
questionable
because
there
isn't
much
information
available
on
the
bullfrog
relative
to
some
of
the
indices
of
interest,
i.
e.,
steroid
hormone
levels,
aromatase
levels,
background
incidence,
and
types
of
gonadal
abnormalities.
Additional
information
is
needed
from
the
final
report
before
a
definitive
conclusion
can
be
reached
for
this
study.
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
9
of
20
AVERAGE
WEIGHT
OF
BULLFROGS
BY
TYPE
(
REFERENCE
VS
EXPERIMENTAL),
SEX
(
MALE
VS
FEMALE)
AND
STAGE
(
ADULT
VS
JUVENILE)

Obs
TYPE
SEX
STAGE
_
TYPE_
_
FREQ_
WEIGHT
STD
CV
1
EXP
F
A
0
171
79.9756
91.079
113.884
2
EXP
M
A
0
156
80.4827
68.817
85.505
3
EXP
UNK
A
0
12
18.5758
15.421
83.015
4
REF
F
A
0
48
75.6256
104.667
138.402
5
REF
M
A
0
36
68.6925
71.508
104.099
6
REF
UNK
A
0
3
38.8833
57.196
147.097
AVERAGE
LENGTH
OF
BULLFROGS
BY
TYPE
(
REFERENCE
VS
EXPERIMENTAL),
SEX
(
MALE
VS
FEMALE)
AND
STAGE
(
ADULT
VS
JUVENILE)

Obs
TYPE
SEX
STAGE
_
TYPE_
_
FREQ_
LENGTH
STD
CV
1
EXP
F
A
0
171
85.7607
30.0012
34.9824
2
EXP
M
A
0
156
90.2558
29.2040
32.3569
3
EXP
UNK
A
0
12
57.2833
13.8312
24.1453
4
REF
F
A
0
48
76.9404
38.3845
49.8886
5
REF
M
A
0
36
80.2306
35.3826
44.1011
6
REF
UNK
A
0
3
63.6333
41.8914
65.8326
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
10
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
BULLFROG
WEIGHT
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1418
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
F
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
WEIGHT
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
171
19714.50
18810.0
387.917074
115.289474
REF
48
4375.50
5280.0
387.917074
91.156250
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
4375.5000
Normal
Approximation
Z
­
2.3304
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0099
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0198
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0103
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0207
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
5.4367
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.0197
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
WEIGHT
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
171
90.0
85.109589
3.068004
0.526316
REF
48
19.0
23.890411
3.068004
0.395833
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
19.0000
Z
­
1.5940
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0555
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.1109
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
2.5408
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.1109
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
11
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
BULLFROG
WEIGHT
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1420
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
M
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
WEIGHT
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
156
15586.0
15054.0
300.539133
99.910256
REF
36
2942.0
3474.0
300.539133
81.722222
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
2942.0000
Normal
Approximation
Z
­
1.7685
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0385
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0770
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0393
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0786
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
3.1334
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.0767
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
WEIGHT
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
156
82.0
78.0
2.711233
0.525641
REF
36
14.0
18.0
2.711233
0.388889
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
14.0000
Z
­
1.4753
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0701
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.1401
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
2.1766
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.1401
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
12
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
BULLFROG
WEIGHT
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1422
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
UNK
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
WEIGHT
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
12
102.0
96.0
6.922015
8.50
REF
3
18.0
24.0
6.922015
6.00
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
18.0000
Normal
Approximation
Z
­
0.7946
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.2134
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4269
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.2201
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4401
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
0.7513
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.3861
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
WEIGHT
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
12
6.0
5.60
0.80
0.500000
REF
3
1.0
1.40
0.80
0.333333
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
1.0000
Z
­
0.5000
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.3085
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.6171
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
0.2500
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.6171
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
13
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
BULLFROG
LENGTH
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1424
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
F
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
SVL
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
168
18998.0
18144.0
376.994577
113.083333
REF
47
4222.0
5076.0
376.994577
89.829787
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
4222.0000
Normal
Approximation
Z
­
2.2640
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0118
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0236
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0123
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0246
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
5.1315
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.0235
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
SVL
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
168
89.0
83.609302
3.037120
0.529762
REF
47
18.0
23.390698
3.037120
0.382979
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
18.0000
Z
­
1.7749
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0380
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0759
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
3.1504
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.0759
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
14
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
BULLFROG
LENGTH
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1426
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
M
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
SVL
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
156
15553.50
15054.0
300.536458
99.701923
REF
36
2974.50
3474.0
300.536458
82.625000
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
2974.5000
Normal
Approximation
Z
­
1.6604
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0484
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0968
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.0492
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.0985
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
2.7623
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.0965
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
SVL
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
156
81.0
78.0
2.711233
0.519231
REF
36
15.0
18.0
2.711233
0.416667
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
15.0000
Z
­
1.1065
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.1343
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.2685
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
1.2244
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.2685
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
15
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
BULLFROG
LENGTH
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1428
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
UNK
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
SVL
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
12
102.0
96.0
6.928203
8.50
REF
3
18.0
24.0
6.928203
6.00
Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
18.0000
Normal
Approximation
Z
­
0.7939
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.2136
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4273
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.2203
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4405
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
0.7500
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.3865
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
SVL
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
12
6.0
5.60
0.80
0.500000
REF
3
1.0
1.40
0.80
0.333333
Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
1.0000
Z
­
0.5000
One­
Sided
Pr
<
Z
0.3085
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.6171
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
0.2500
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.6171
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
16
of
20
MEAN
GONADOSOMATIC
INDEX
BY
STUDY
TYPE
(
REFERENCE
VS
EXPERIMENTAL),
SEX
(
MALE
VS
FEMALE),
A
STAGE
(
ADULT
VS
JUVENILE)

Obs
TYPE
SEX
STAGE
_
TYPE_
_
FREQ_
GSI
STD
CV
1
EXP
F
A
0
15
0.92800
0.74356
80.1245
2
EXP
F
J
0
15
0.60133
0.29384
48.8645
3
EXP
M
A
0
15
0.06467
0.01552
24.0041
4
EXP
M
J
0
10
0.03500
0.01780
50.8432
5
REF
F
A
0
3
1.01000
0.52374
51.8551
6
REF
F
J
0
3
0.66667
0.15822
23.7329
7
REF
M
A
0
6
0.06833
0.01602
23.4451
8
REF
M
J
0
2
0.05000
0.02828
56.5685
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
17
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
GSI
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1431
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
F
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
15
138.0
142.50
8.432256
9.20
REF
3
33.0
28.50
8.432256
11.00
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
33.0000
Normal
Approximation
Z
0.4744
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.3176
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.6352
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.3206
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.6413
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
0.2848
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.5936
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
15
7.0
7.50
0.813489
0.466667
REF
3
2.0
1.50
0.813489
0.666667
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
2.0000
Z
0.6146
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2694
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.5388
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
0.3778
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.5388
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
18
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
GSI
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1433
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
F
STAGE=
J
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
15
135.50
142.50
8.436615
9.033333
REF
3
35.50
28.50
8.436615
11.833333
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
35.5000
Normal
Approximation
Z
0.7705
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2205
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4410
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2258
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4516
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
0.6884
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.4067
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
15
7.0
7.50
0.813489
0.466667
REF
3
2.0
1.50
0.813489
0.666667
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
2.0000
Z
0.6146
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2694
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.5388
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
0.3778
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.5388
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
19
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
GSI
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1435
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
M
STAGE=
A
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
15
155.50
165.0
12.575486
10.366667
REF
6
75.50
66.0
12.575486
12.583333
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
75.5000
Normal
Approximation
Z
0.7157
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2371
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4742
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2412
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.4825
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
0.5707
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.4500
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
15
5.666667
7.142857
0.971534
0.377778
REF
6
4.333333
2.857143
0.971534
0.722222
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
4.3333
Z
1.5194
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.0643
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.1287
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
2.3087
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.1287
Data
Evaluation
Report
on
Histology
of
the
Gonads
and
Analysis
of
Hormone
Levels
in
the
Native
Bullfrog
(
Rana
catesbiena)
Collected
from
Agricultural
Areas
in
Southern
Iowa:
Pilot
Project.
EPA
MRID
Number
458677­
05
Page
20
of
20
NONPARAMETRIC
COMPARISON
OF
GSI
BETWEEN
REFERENCE
AND
EXPERIMENTAL
SITES
1437
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
SEX=
M
STAGE=
J
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­

The
NPAR1WAY
Procedure
Wilcoxon
Scores
(
Rank
Sums)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
10
60.50
65.0
4.522670
6.050
REF
2
17.50
13.0
4.522670
8.750
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Wilcoxon
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
17.5000
Normal
Approximation
Z
0.8844
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.1882
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.3765
t
Approximation
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.1977
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.3954
Z
includes
a
continuity
correction
of
0.5.

Kruskal­
Wallis
Test
Chi­
Square
0.9900
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.3197
Median
Scores
(
Number
of
Points
Above
Median)
for
Variable
GSI
Classified
by
Variable
TYPE
Sum
of
Expected
Std
Dev
Mean
TYPE
N
Scores
Under
H0
Under
H0
Score
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
EXP
10
4.666667
5.0
0.594588
0.466667
REF
2
1.333333
1.0
0.594588
0.666667
Average
scores
were
used
for
ties.

Median
Two­
Sample
Test
Statistic
1.3333
Z
0.5606
One­
Sided
Pr
>
Z
0.2875
Two­
Sided
Pr
>
|
Z|
0.5751
Median
One­
Way
Analysis
Chi­
Square
0.3143
DF
1
Pr
>
Chi­
Square
0.5751