Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPPT-2003-0067-0012
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2003-11-17T05:00Z

Liquid
Polyphosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
PAGE
INTENTIONALLY
LEFT
BLANK
Liquid
Polyphosphate
William
C.
Herz
Director
of
Scientific
Programs
M
E
M
O
R
A
N
D
U
M
TO:
Product
Testing
Recipient
FROM:
William
C.
Herz,
Director,
Scientific
Programs
SUBJECT:
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Product
Testing
Dossier
DATE:
March
15,
2003
It
is
with
great
pleasure
that
The
Fertilizer
Institute
(
TFI)
announces
the
completion
and
distribution
of
the
final
product
testing
dossier
for
Liquid
Polyphosphate
(
no
CAS
#).

As
you
are
aware,
TFI
sponsored
this
four
 
year
program
to
develop
and
summarize
screening­
level
hazard
information
for
high
production
volume
(
HPV)
chemicals.
The
data
elements
generated
represent
a
broad
overview
of
human
health
and
ecological
parameters.
These
include
a
physical
­
chemical
characterization,
environmental
fate,
mammalian
toxicity
and
ecotoxicity.
A
health
and
environmental
safety
data
summary
dossier
was
prepared
for
each
of
the
23
materials.
It
summarizes
the
available
literature
data,
new
testing
data,
category
description
and
read
across
data
as
well
as
provides
a
conclusion
regarding
the
inherent
hazards
of
the
material.

Upon
receipt
of
this
data
a
90
calendar
day
regulatory
trigger
starts
within
which
you
must
update
your
material
safety
data
sheets
(
MS­
DS).
Upon
first
product
shipment
you
must
also
notify
your
distributors
and
employers
once
the
MS­
DS
has
been
updated.
These
regulatory
requirements
are
detailed
in
29
CFR
1910.1200(
g)(
5)
and
29
CFR
1910.1200(
g)(
6)(
i).
The
requirements
are
found
in
the
Occupational
Safety
and
Health
Administration
"
Hazard
Communication
Standard"
(
29
CFR
1910.1200).

Please
note
that
by
receipt
of
this
data;
you
agree
not
to
distribute
or
sell
this
data
beyond
your
own
company.
Liquid
Polyphosphate
PAGE
INTENTIONALLY
LEFT
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Liquid
Polyphosphate
HEALTH
&
ENVIRONMENTAL
SAFETY
DATA
SUMMARY
DOCUMENT
LIQUID
POLYPHOSPHATE
Prepared
for:

THE
FERTILIZER
INSTITUTE
January
27,
2003
THE
WEINBERG
GROUP
INC.
1220
Nineteenth
St,
NW,
Suite
300
Washington,
DC
20036­
2400
e­
mail
science@
weinberggroup.
com
WASHINGTON
NEW
YORK
SAN
FRANCISCO
BRUSSELS
PARIS
Liquid
Polyphosphate
PAGE
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LEFT
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Liquid
Polyphosphate
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE
OVERVIEW...............................................................................................................
1
SIDS
DATA
PROFILE......................................................................................................................
8
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARY..................................................................................................................
9
1.
GENERAL
INFORMATION....................................................................................
11
2.
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA..............................................................................
14
3.
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
AND
PATHWAYS.....................................................
16
4.
ECOTOXICITY.........................................................................................................
18
5.
TOXICITY.................................................................................................................
19
6.
REFERENCES
..........................................................................................................
22
APPENDICES
Appendix
A
SIDS
Data
Availability
Summary
Appendix
B
SIDS
Data
Summaries
for
the
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP),
Liquid
Polyphosphate,
Monoammonium
Phosphate
(
MAP),
and
Single
and
Triple
Super
Phosphates
ACRONYMS
AND
ABBREVIATIONS
BCF
Bioconcentration
Factor
bw
Body
Weight
DAP
Diammonium
Phosphate
DOT
Department
of
Transportation
FDA
U.
S.
Food
and
Drug
Administration
g/
L
Grams
per
Liter
GLP
Good
Laboratory
Practices
GTSP
Granular
Triple
Super
Phosphate
g/
mL
Grams
per
Milliliter
HSDB
Hazardous
Substance
Data
Bank
IPCS
International
Programme
for
Chemical
Safety
KNO3
Potassium
Nitrate
Koc
Organic
Carbon
Partition
Coefficient
Kow
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
LC50
Median
Lethal
Concentration
LD50
Median
Lethal
Dose
LOAEL
Lowest
Observable
Adverse
Effect
Level
LOEC
Lowest
Observable
Effect
Concentration
LOEL
Lowest
Observable
Effect
Level
M
Molar
MAP
Monoammonium
Phosphate
mg/
kg
Milligrams
per
Kilogram
Liquid
Polyphosphate
mg/
kg/
day
Milligrams
per
Kilogram
per
Day
mg/
L
Milligrams
per
Liter
MHb
Methyl
Hemoglobin
mm
Hg
Millimeters
of
Mercury
mmol/
L
Millimoles
per
Liter
NaNo3
Sodium
Nitrate
NFPA
National
Fire
Prevention
Association
(
NH4)
2NO3
Ammonium
Nitrate
NIOSH
National
Institute
for
Occupational
Safety
and
Health
NO3
Nitrate
NOAEL
No
Observable
Adverse
Effect
Level
NOEC
No
Observable
Effect
Concentration
NOEL
No
Observable
Effect
Level
OECD
Organisation
for
Economic
Co­
operation
and
Development
Pa
Pascal
ppm
Parts
per
Million
SCAS
Semi
Continuous
Activated
Sludge
SIDS
Screening
Information
Data
Set
SSP
Single
Super
Phosphate
TLm
Median
Toxicity
Level
TLV
Threshold
Limit
Value
TFI
The
Fertilizer
Institute
UAN
Urea
Ammonia
Nitrogen
1
Liquid
Polyphosphate
EXECUTIVE
OVERVIEW
I.
Introduction
The
Fertilizer
Institute,
on
behalf
of
its
member
companies,
initiated
a
Product
Testing
Project
to
collect,
review,
summarize,
and
where
necessary
develop
additional
health
and
environmental
safety
data
for
23
of
its
high
production
volume
inorganic
fertilizer
materials.
These
data
and
summaries
provide
valuable
information
that
can
be
used
to
update
Material
Safety
Data
Sheets,
answer
customers'
questions,
and
support
product
stewardship
efforts.
The
chemical
industry
is
also
participating
in
a
voluntary
program
of
comparable
scope
for
high
production
volume
organic
chemicals.
1
The
23
fertilizer
materials
were
divided
into
five
categories
(
i.
e.,
ammonia
compounds,
nitrate
compounds,
phosphate
compounds,
salts
and
acids)
based
on
their
primary
constituents
as
shown
in
Table
1.
The
use
of
categories
is
a
recognized
and
accepted
method
that
allows
health
and
environmental
safety
data
from
one
chemical
in
the
category
to
be
used
to
represent
one
or
more
other
related
chemicals
in
the
category
(
USEPA
1999).
The
key
is
to
find
similar,
or
at
least
predictable,
patterns
and
trends
among
the
chemicals
in
a
category.
In
this
way,
data
can
be
pooled,
resources
are
optimized,
and
fewer
animals
are
used
in
testing,
all
without
losing
the
ability
to
evaluate
the
hazards
and
safety
of
the
individual
chemicals.
Note
that
some
of
the
materials
fall
into
more
than
one
category
(
e.
g.,
diammonium
phosphate
[
DAP]
is
in
both
the
phosphate
and
ammonia
categories).

Searches
were
conducted
using
on­
line
databases,
standard
scientific
data
compendia,
and
other
published
sources
for
toxicity,
ecotoxicity,
environmental
fate,
and
physical­
chemical
properties.
The
collected
data
were
reviewed
for
quality
and
acceptability
and
then
summarized
according
to
the
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development
(
OECD)
Screening
Information
Data
Set
(
SIDS)
dossier
format
(
OECD
1997).
The
OECD
countries
(
including
the
United
States)
have
agreed
on
a
set
of
tests
and
on
types
of
data
that
are
generally
necessary
to
characterize
the
chemical
behavior
and
potential
hazards
of
chemicals
released
into
the
environment.
The
OECD
SIDS
dossier
was
chosen
as
a
standard
format
for
the
TFI
Product
Testing
Project
in
order
that
it
would
be
scientifically
defensible,
broadly
applicable
and
easily
understandable
to
a
wide
range
of
stakeholders.

The
following
sections
of
this
Executive
Overview
provide
the
rationale
for
development
of
the
Phosphate
Compounds
category
(
Section
II);
a
synopsis
of
the
available
data
related
to
the
physical­
chemical
properties,
environmental
fate,
ecotoxicity
and
toxicity
of
the
phosphate
compounds
in
this
category
(
Section
III);
and
a
conclusion
regarding
the
adequacy
of
the
data
to
sufficiently
characterize
the
category
and
the
need
for
additional
testing
(
Section
IV).

The
data
for
liquid
polyphosphate
are
summarized
in
the
Chemical
Profile
and
Data
Summary
tables.
Because
the
evaluation
of
data
adequacy
relies
on
a
category
approach,
the
Data
Summary
table
references
Appendix
B
when
data
are
available
for
one
or
more
of
the
other
materials
in
the
category
for
those
data
elements
where
no
liquid
polyphosphate
data
are
1
HPV
Chemical
Challenge
Program;
USEPA
1999
(
http://
www.
epa.
gov/
opptintr/
chemrtk/
volchall.
htm)
2
Liquid
Polyphosphate
available.
Appendix
B
provides
a
summary
of
the
data
for
all
of
the
phosphate
compounds
in
the
category.
The
individual
studies
for
liquid
polyphosphate
itself
are
presented
in
subsequent
pages
of
this
document.
Separate
data
summary
documents
are
available
for
each
of
the
phosphate
compounds
in
the
category.

II.
Rationale
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category
The
phosphate
compounds
category
for
fertilizer
materials
includes
diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP),
monoammonium
phosphate
(
MAP),
liquid
polyphosphate,
single
superphosphate
(
SSP),
and
granular
triple
superphosphate
(
GTSP)
2.
These
compounds
are
grouped
because
of
chemical
composition
similarities;
phosphate
being
a
primary
component.
All
four
compounds
in
the
category
contain
phosphorus,
hydrogen
and
oxygen.
Three
of
the
compounds
also
contain
nitrogen.
In
additional,
the
four
compounds
have
similar
and
generally
predictable
patterns
of
behavior
in
the
environment
as
well
as
toxicological
properties.

Phosphate
compounds
disassociate
in
water,
and
therefore
may
be
regarded
as
degradable
(
European
Commission
2000a).
They
are
used
by
all
living
organisms
and
both
the
anion
and
cation
are
nutrients
for
algae
(
European
Commission
2000b).
The
primary
contributor
to
aquatic
toxicity
appears
to
be
the
un­
ionized
ammonia
component
of
DAP
and
MAP,
although
excess
phosphate
may
also
have
an
effect
(
Johnson
and
Sanders
1977),
especially
for
liquid
polyphosphate
and
the
superphosphates.
As
a
nutrient,
phosphate
may
also
stimulate
growth
in
algae
(
Aufderheide
and
Bussard
2000).
When
GTSP
is
applied
to
soil,
the
water­
soluble
monocalcium
phosphate
rapidly
dissolves
into
the
soil
solution
and
is
quickly
precipitated
as
available
dicalcium
phosphate.
Inorganic
phosphates
are
generally
retained
by
most
soils
in
fixed
forms
and
therefore
little
is
lost
by
leaching
(
European
Commission
2000a).
Liquid
polyphosphate
fertilizers
behave
essentially
as
salts
in
soil
(
Lohry
2001).

Phosphate
compounds
are
Generally
Recognized
As
Safe
(
GRAS)
by
the
U.
S.
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(
21
CFR
582.1141;
Bhat
and
Ramaswamy
1993)
which
allows
them
to
be
used
as
food
and
color
additives.
Phosphate
is
an
essential
nutrient
required
by
all
organisms
for
proper
metabolism.
Orthophosphates
in
general
are
absorbed
from,
and
to
a
limited
extent
secreted
into,
the
gastrointestinal
tract.
The
transport
of
phosphate
from
the
lumen
of
the
gut
is
an
active,
energy­
dependent
process,
and
there
are
factors
that
appear
to
modify
the
degree
of
its
intestinal
absorption.
Vitamin
D
stimulates
phosphate
absorption,
and
this
effect
has
been
reported
to
precede
the
action
of
the
vitamin
on
transport
of
calcium
ion.
In
general,
in
adults,
about
two
thirds
of
the
ingested
phosphate
is
absorbed
from
the
bowel,
and
that
which
is
absorbed
from
the
gut
is
almost
entirely
excreted
into
the
urine.

III.
Summary
of
Data
Available
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category
Detailed
data
summaries
for
phosphate
compounds
are
included
in
subsequent
sections
of
this
Health
and
Environmental
Safety
Data
Summary
Document
for
liquid
polyphosphate.
These
data
are
briefly
summarized
here.

2
SSP
and
GTSP
are
combined
into
a
single
Health
and
Environmental
Safety
Data
Summary
Document.
3
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Physical­
Chemical
Data
The
density
of
phosphate
compounds
varies
from
0.93­
1.83
g/
L.
All
phosphate
compounds
are
highly
soluble
in
water
with
solubility
ranging
from
18­
588
g/
L
at
temperatures
from
0
to
30
°
C.
The
one
vapor
pressure
value
reported
for
DAP
indicates
low
volatility
(<
100
Pa
at
20
°
C).
No
specific
data
on
the
octanol­
water
partition
coefficient
(
Kow)
are
available,
but
based
on
the
high
water
solubility
it
is
expected
that
Kow
and
bioaccumulation
potential
would
be
low,
although
the
body
does
absorb
phosphates
as
necessary
to
carry
out
vital
functions.
These
compounds
dissociate
and
do
not
undergo
oxidation­
reduction
reactions
so
redox
potentials
are
not
applicable.

Environmental
Fate
and
Pathway
Little
direct
environmental
fate
testing
has
been
conducted
with
the
phosphate
compounds,
largely
because
such
compounds
generally
dissociate
in
solution
and
therefore
photodegradation
and
biodegradation
mechanisms
are
less
important.
However,
phosphates
may
be
regarded
as
biodegradable,
as
they
are
utilized
by
all
living
organisms.
The
phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
(
e.
g.
see
www.
ppifar
org/
ppiweb/
ppibase.
nsf/$
webindex/
article=
678CA758852569B5005C148685E4A99F).

Ecotoxicity
Acute
96­
hour
studies
have
been
reported
in
the
literature
on
various
fish
species.
These
reported
LC50
values
range
from
90­
5,900
mg/
L
for
DAP
and
other
compounds
in
the
phosphate
category.
Additional
acute
fish
toxicity
studies
have
been
conducted
for
MAP
and
liquid
polyphosphate
according
to
OECD
protocols
and
under
Good
Laboratory
Practice
(
GLP)
conditions.
Results
indicate
no
toxicity
at
the
highest
nominal
concentration
(
100
mg/
L)
tested
in
both
tests.
MAP
and
liquid
polyphosphate
concentrations
were
calculated
based
on
measurements
of
total
phosphate.
For
the
high
concentration
in
each
test,
the
measured
concentrations
were
85.9
and
101
mg/
L
of
MAP
and
liquid
polyphosphate,
respectively.
Acute
studies
with
Daphnia
magna
were
not
available
for
members
of
the
phosphate
category,
but
studies
have
been
conducted
with
commercial
grade
superphosphate
on
a
similar
daphnid
species,
Daphnia
carinata.
These
72
hour
studies
resulted
in
LC50
values
of
approximately
1,800
mg/
L
at
both
22
and
30
º
C.
Results
from
acute
toxicity
testing
of
other
aquatic
invertebrates
have
also
been
reported,
with
LC50
values
ranging
from
about
1000
to
over
5,000
mg/
L
for
DAP
and
superphosphates.
Based
on
the
standard
Federal
Insecticide
Fungicide
and
Rodenticide
Act
(
FIFRA)
acute
toxicity
ratings
for
fish
and
Daphnia
(
below),
the
compounds
in
this
category
are
considered
slightly
toxic
to
practically
non­
toxic.

EC/
LC50
(
mg/
L)
Toxicity
Description
<
0.1
Very
Highly
Toxic
0.1­
1
Highly
Toxic
1­
10
Moderately
Toxic
10­
100
Slightly
Toxic
>
100
Practically
Non­
Toxic
4
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Additional
studies
have
been
conducted
to
evaluate
the
toxicity
of
DAP
and
GTSP
to
an
alga
species,
Selenastrum
capricornutum.
Both
materials
were
tested
according
to
OECD
protocols
under
GLP
conditions.
The
resultant
72­
hr
NOECs
were
97.1
and
87.6
mg/
L,
for
DAP
and
GTSP,
respectively.
No
adverse
inhibitory
effects
were
observed
in
either
test.
Some
stimulation
of
growth
was
noted
in
both
tests,
with
resultant
NOEC
values
of
3.57
and
21.6
mg/
L
for
DAP
and
GTSP
respectively.
This
effect
is
consistent
with
the
known
stimulatory
(
nutrient)
effect
of
phosphate
compounds
and
reflects
the
phenomenon
that
some
level
of
phosphate
is
essential
(
e.
g.,
fisheries
productivity
is
dependent
on
sufficient
nutrient
availability)
but
excess
nutrient
levels
can
lead
to
overproduction.

Mammalian
Toxicity
Acute
toxicity
The
only
toxicity
study
available
from
the
literature
was
one
in
which
ewes
were
dosed
with
a
granular
preparation
of
superphosphate.
The
reported
LD50
for
this
study
was
5,000­
6,000
mg/
kg
bw.
To
provide
additional
data
for
the
category,
additional
studies
were
initiated
for
DAP,
MAP,
and
liquid
polyphosphate
using
the
OECD
"
up­
and­
down"
protocol
under
GLP
conditions.
For
all
three
compounds,
rats
received
an
initial
dose
of
2000
mg/
kg
bw
by
oral
gavage.
All
animals
survived,
gained
weight,
and
appeared
active
and
healthy
throughout
the
study
period,
with
no
signs
of
toxicity
observed
for
any
of
the
test
materials.
Similarly,
additional
acute
toxicity
studies
for
exposure
via
the
dermal
route
were
conducted
on
DAP,
MAP,
and
liquid
polyphosphate
using
the
OECD
limit
test
protocol
under
GLP
conditions.
In
dermal
exposures
of
5,000
mg/
kg
bw,
no
signs
of
toxicity
were
observed
and
all
animals
survived,
gained
weight,
and
appeared
active
and
healthy
throughout
the
tests.
Based
on
the
standard
FIFRA
acute
toxicity
ratings
for
mammals
(
below),
the
compounds
in
this
category
are
considered
to
be
of
low
to
very
low
toxicity
(
40
CFR
156.62).

Toxicity
Category
I
II
III
IV
Toxicity
Rating
High
Moderate
Low
Very
Low
Oral
LD50
 
50
mg/
kg
>
50­
500
mg/
kg
>
500­
5000
mg/
kg
>
5000
mg/
kg
Dermal
LC50
 
200
mg/
kg
>
200­
2000
mg/
kg
>
2000­
20,000
mg/
kg
>
20,000
mg/
kg
Inhalation
LC50
 
0.2
mg/
L
>
0.2­
2
mg/
L
>
2­
20
mg/
L
>
20
mg/
L
Skin
and
eye
irritation
No
specific
animal
studies
are
available
for
skin
and
eye
irritation.
Data
for
the
dermal
studies
described
above
indicate
that
skin
exposures
are
not
a
significant
concern.
However,
dust
from
the
solid
materials
and
concentrated
solutions
of
the
liquid
materials
can
be
mild
irritants.
5
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Genotoxicity
In
vitro
bacterial
and
non­
bacterial
genotoxicity
studies
have
been
conducted
on
DAP
and
GTSP
as
representatives
of
the
category.
Using
the
OECD
bacterial
reverse
mutation
assay
(
Ames)
protocol
under
GLP
conditions,
S.
typhimurium
strains
TA
98,
TA
100,
TA
1535,
and
TA
1537
were
tested
at
concentrations
of
50,
150,
500,
1,500,
and
5,000
µ
g/
plate.
Using
the
OECD
mammalian
chromosome
aberration
test
under
GLP
conditions,
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
were
tested
at
concentrations
from
185
to
1,480
µ
g/
mL.
In
all
of
the
in
vitro
genotoxicity
studies,
results
were
negative
in
all
cases
both
with
and
without
metabolic
activation.
One
in
vivo
study
is
reported
in
the
literature
from
1988
in
which
single
superphosphate
was
incorporated
into
the
food
of
mice
at
500
mg/
day
for
7
days.
Chromosomal
aberrations
were
observed
in
the
bone
marrow
and
the
authors
concluded
that
single
superphosphate
was
clastogenic
and
possibly
mutagenic.
Given
the
high
doses
of
this
study
and
the
lack
of
effect
noted
in
the
in
vitro
studies
conducted
under
GLP
conditions,
the
genotoxicity
potential
appears
to
be
low.

Repeated
dose,
reproductive
and
developmental
toxicity
New
studies
have
been
conducted
on
DAP
and
GTSP
using
the
OECD
Guideline
422
combined
protocol
that
provides
data
on
repeated
dose
exposures
as
well
as
reproductive
and
developmental
endpoints.
Doses
of
250,
750,
and
1500
mg/
kg/
day
were
given
by
gavage
to
male
and
female
rats
daily
(
7
days/
week).
Animals
were
divided
between
separate
toxicity
and
reproductive
subgroups.
The
exposure
period
for
the
toxicity
subgroup
was
35
days,
while
the
exposure
period
for
the
reproductive
subgroup
was
at
most
28
days
among
males
and
53
days
among
females.
No
treatment­
related
mortality
or
signs
of
overt
clinical
toxicity
were
observed
in
either
subgroup.
In
the
toxicity
subgroup,
several
hematological,
clinical
chemistry,
and
histopathological
parameters
among
the
low­,
mid­,
and
high­
dose
animals
showed
effects.
In
the
reproductive
subgroup,
effects
on
body
weight
and
food
consumption
were
observed
in
a
non
dose­
related
manner.
No
effects
on
offspring
were
observed
in
either
study.
For
GTSP,
the
resulting
NOAEL
for
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity
was
750
mg/
kg/
day.
The
resultant
LOAELs
were
250
and
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
for
the
general
toxicity
and
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity,
respectively.
For
DAP,
the
NOAEL
for
general
toxicity
was
250
mg/
kg/
day
and
for
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity
was
1,500
mg/
kg/
day.
The
LOAELs
were
500
and
>
1,500
mg/
kg/
day
for
the
general
toxicity
and
reproductive/
developmental
toxicity,
respectively.

IV.
Conclusion
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category
A
substantial
amount
of
data
has
been
produced
for
the
compounds
in
the
phosphate
compounds
category.
These
data
include
GLP
studies
on
the
acute
oral
and
dermal
toxicity
of
DAP,
MAP,
and
liquid
phosphate
and
bacterial
and
non­
bacterial
genotoxicity
studies
on
DAP
and
GTSP.
Additionally,
GLP
acute
fish
studies
were
conducted
on
liquid
polyphosphate
and
MAP,
and
GLP
algae
studies
were
conducted
on
DAP
and
GTSP.
Combined
repeat
dose/
reproductive/
developmental
studies
were
also
conducted
on
DAP
and
GTSP.
The
results
indicate
that
these
compounds
are
slightly
toxic
to
practically
non­
toxic
to
aquatic
organisms
and
6
Liquid
Polyphosphate
of
low
to
very
low
toxicity
to
mammals.
The
compounds
in
the
phosphate
category
are
adequately
characterized.
7
Liquid
Polyphosphate
TABLE
1:
CATEGORIES
FOR
PRODUCT
TESTING
PROJECT
CATEGORY
COMPOUND
CAS
NUMBER
Ammonia
Compounds
Anhydrous
ammonia
Aqua
ammonia
Ammonium
nitrate
Ammonium
sulfate
Ammonium
thiosulfate
Nitrogen
solutions
(
UAN)*
Ammonium
phosphate
sulfate
Diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP)
Monoammonium
phosphate
(
MAP)
Urea
7664­
41­
7
1336­
21­
6
6484­
52­
2
7783­
20­
2
7783­
18­
8
15978­
77­
5
12593­
60­
1
7783­
28­
0
7722­
76­
1
57­
13­
6
Nitrate
Compounds
Sodium
nitrate
Ammonium
nitrate
Potassium
nitrate
Potassium
sodium
nitrate
Nitrogen
solutions
(
UAN)*
7631­
99­
4
6484­
52­
2
7757­
79­
1
7757­
79­
1/
7631­
99­
4
15978­
77­
5
Phosphate
Compounds
Diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP)
Monoammonium
phosphate
(
MAP)
Liquid
polyphosphate
Single
superphosphate**
Granular
triple
superphosphate**
7783­
28­
0
7722­
76­
1
­­
8011­
76­
5
65996­
95­
4
Salts
Potassium
chloride
Potassium
magnesium
sulfate
Potassium
nitrate
Potassium
sodium
nitrate
Potassium
sulfate
Calcium
sulfate
7447­
40­
7
14168­
73­
1
7757­
79­
1
7757­
79­
1/
7631­
99­
4
7778­
80­
5
7778­
18­
9
Acids
Phosphoric
acid
Nitric
acid
Sulfuric
acid
7664­
38­
2
7697­
37­
2
7664­
93­
9
*
=
Nitrogen
solutions
are
represented
largely
by
Urea­
Ammonia­
Nitrogen
(
UAN;
15978­
77­
5)
**
=
Single
superphosphate
and
granular
triple
superphosphate
are
combined
into
a
single
dossier.
­­
=
No
CAS
number
readily
available
8
Liquid
Polyphosphate
V.
REFERENCES
CITED
21
CFR
582.1141
as
cited
in
Hazardous
Substances
Data
Bank
(
HSDB).
1999.
Calcium
Superphosphate.
National
Library
of
Medicine,
Bethesda,
MD.

40
CFR
156.62.
Toxicity
Category.

Aufderheide,
J.
A.
and
Bussard,
J.
B.
2000.
Toxicity
of
Diammonium
Phosphate
(
DAP)
to
the
Unicellular
Green
Alga,
Selenastrum
Capricornutum.
ABC
Study
No.
46207.

Bhat,
M.
R.
and
Ramaswamy,
C.
1993.
Effect
of
ammonia,
urea
and
diammonium
phosphate
(
DAP)
on
lung
functions
in
fertilizer
plant
workers.
Indian
J.
Physiol.
Pharmacol.
37:
222­
224.

Gilman.
1990.
Pharm
Basis
Therap
8th
Ed.
p.
1501
as
cited
in
HSDB.
1999.
Calcium
Superphosphate.
National
Library
of
Medicine,
Bethesda,
MD.

European
Commission.
2000a.
Superphosphate,
Concd.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

European
Commission.
2000b.
Diammonium
Hydrogenorthophosphate.
International
Uniform
Chemical
Information
Database.
Year
2000
CD
 
ROM
edition.

Johnson,
W.
W.
and
Sanders,
H.
O.
1977.
Chemical
forest
fire
retardants:
Acute
toxicity
to
five
freshwater
fishes
and
a
scud.
Technical
Papers
of
the
U.
S.
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service.

Lohry,
R.
2001.
Ortho
vs.
poly.
The
Fluid
Journal.
Issue
#
35,
9(
4):
1­
3.

OECD.
1997.
SIDS
Manual.
OECD
Secretariat,
3rd
Revision,
July
1997.

USEPA.
1999.
Development
of
Chemical
Categories
in
the
HPV
Challenge
Program.
www.
epa.
gove/
chemrtk/
catdoc29.
pdf.
8
Liquid
Polyphosphate
SIDS
DATA
PROFILE
Date:
January
27,
2003
1.01
A.
CAS
No.
None
1.01
C.
CHEMICAL
NAME
(
OECD
NAME)
Liquid
polyphosphate
1.01
D
CAS
DESCRIPTOR
Liquid
polyphosphate
1.01
G
STRUCTURAL
FORMULA
(
NH4)
3
PO4
OTHER
CHEMICAL
IDENTITY
INFORMATION
N/
A
1.5
QUANTITY
No
data
available
1.7
USE
PATTERN
Fertilizers
1.9
SOURCES
AND
LEVELS
OF
EXPOSURE
Low
human
exposure
is
expected
because
liquid
polyphosphate
is
manufactured
in
closed
systems.
Exposure
and
direct
contact
is
possible
during
fertilizer
application.
ISSUES
FOR
DISCUSSION
The
data
for
liquid
polyphosphates
should
be
evaluated
in
combination
with
the
other
materials
in
the
phosphates
category.
9
Liquid
Polyphosphate
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARY
Date:
January
27,
2003
LIQUID
POLYPHOSPHATE
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
Melting
Point
See
Appendix
B
results
2.2
Boiling
Point
No
data
available
2.3
Density
1.43
g/
mL
at
60oC
2.4
Vapor
Pressure
See
Appendix
B
results
2.5
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
No
data
available
2.6A
Water
Solubility
Miscible
2.6B
pH
value
6.5­
7
2.7
Flash
Point
Not
flammable
2.8
Auto
Flammability
Not
applicable
2.9
Flammability
Not
flammable
2.10
Explosive
Properties
Not
explosive
2.11
Oxidizing
Properties
No
data
available
2.12
Oxidation:
Reduction
Potential
No
data
available
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
Photodegradation
No
data
available
3.1.2
Stability
in
Water
Stable
3.1.3
Stability
in
Soil
Behave
as
salts
3.3.2
Distribution
See
Appendix
B
results
3.5
Biodegradation
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
3.7
Bioaccumulation
Does
not
bioaccumulate
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
Acute
Toxicity
to
Fish
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
96
hrs
LC50
=
>
101
mg/
L
4.2
Acute
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
See
Appendix
B
results
4.3
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Plants
(
Algae)
See
Appendix
B
results
4.4
Toxicity
to
Bacteria
No
data
available
4.5.1
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
No
data
available
4.5.2
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
No
data
available
4.6.1
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Organisms
No
data
available
4.6.2
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
No
data
available
4.6.3
Toxicity
to
Other
Non­
Mammalian
Terrestrial
Species
No
data
available
*
See
Appendix
B
results
for
data
on
other
chemicals
in
the
phosphate
category.
10
Liquid
Polyphosphate
LIQUID
POLYPHOSPHATE
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
TOXICITY
5.1.1
Acute
Oral
Toxicity
Rat
OECD
425
LD50
>
2,000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.2
Acute
Inhalation
Toxicity
No
data
available
5.1.3
Acute
Dermal
Toxicity
Rat
OECD
402
LD50
>
5000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.4
Acute
Toxicity,
Other
Routes
No
data
available
5.2.1
Skin
Irritation/
Corrosion
No
data
available
5.2.2
Eye
Irritation/
Corrosion
No
data
available
5.3
Skin
Sensitization
No
data
available
5.4
Repeated
Dose
Toxicity
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.5
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.6
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.7
Carcinogenicity
No
data
available
5.8
Toxicity
to
Reproduction
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.9
Developmental
Toxicity/
Teratogenicity
See
Appendix
B
results*
5.10
Additional
Information
No
data
available
5.11
Human
Experience
See
text
1.8
Occupational
Exposure
Limits
No
TLV
established
*
See
Appendix
B
results
for
data
on
other
chemicals
in
the
phosphate
category.
11
Liquid
Polyphosphate
1.
GENERAL
INFORMATION
1.01
SUBSTANCE
INFORMATION
A.
CAS
number
None
B.
Name
(
IUPAC
name)
Liquid
Polyphosphate
C.
Name
(
OECD
name)
Liquid
Polyphosphate
D.
CAS
Descriptor
None
E.
EINECS
Number
None
F.
Molecular
Formula
H12N3O4P
(
for
ammonium
polyphosphate)

G.
Structural
Formula
(
NH4)
3PO4
(
for
ammonium
polyphosphate)

H.
Substance
Group
Not
applicable.

I.
Substance
Remark
Not
applicable.

J.
Molecular
Weight
149
(
for
ammonium
polyphosphate)

1.02
OECD
INFORMATION
A.
Sponsor
Country
Not
applicable
B.
Lead
Organization
Not
applicable
C.
Name
of
Responder
Name:
Mr.
William
C.
Herz,
Director
of
Scientific
Programs
Address/
Phones:
The
Fertilizer
Institute
Union
Center
Plaza
820
First
Street,
NE,
Suite
430
Washington,
DC
20002
USA
Tel:
(
202)
962­
0490
Fax:
(
202)
962­
0577
12
Liquid
Polyphosphate
1.1
GENERAL
SUBSTANCE
INFORMATION
A.
Type
of
Substance
element
[
];
inorganic
[
X];
natural
substance
[
];
organic
[
];
organometallic
[
];
petroleum
product
[
]

B.
Physical
State
(
at
20
°
C
and
1.013
hPa)

gaseous
[
];
liquid
[
X];
solid
[
]

C.
Purity
The
most
common
grade
is
ammonium
polyphosphate
with
a
make
up
of
10­
34­
0
(
10%
N,
34%
P,
0%
K)

1.2
SYNONYMS
Liquid
polyphosphate
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0
Ammonium
Polyphosphate
(
APP)

1.3
IMPURITIES
Remarks:
None
identified.

1.4
ADDITIVES
Remarks:
None
identified.

1.5
QUANTITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

1.6
LABELING
AND
CLASSIFICATION
Remarks:
No
specific
labeling
required.
13
Liquid
Polyphosphate
1.7
USE
PATTERN
A.
General
Type
of
Use:
Category:

main
Wide
dispersive
use
industrial
Agricultural
use
Fertilizer
Remarks:
Liquid
polyphosphate
is
used
solely
as
a
fertilizer.
Reference:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

B.
Uses
in
Consumer
Products
Remarks:
Liquid
polyphosphate
may
be
a
component
of
lawn
and
garden
fertilizers.

1.8
OCCUPATIONAL
EXPOSURE
LIMIT
VALUE
Remarks:
No
specific
limits.

1.9
SOURCES
OF
EXPOSURE
Remarks:
Exposures
are
expected
to
be
limited
because
liquid
polyphosphate
is
manufactured
in
closed
systems.
It
can
be
absorbed
into
the
body
by
inhalation
of
its
aerosol,
or
after
direct
contact
of
the
liquid
to
skin
or
eyes.
Engineering
controls
such
as
mechanical
ventilation,
process
or
personnel
enclosure,
control
of
process
conditions,
and
process
modifications
significantly
reduce
exposure.
Local
exhaust
(
ventilation)
control
as
close
to
the
point
of
generation
is
both
the
most
economical
and
safest
method
to
minimize
personnel
exposure
to
airborne
concentrations.
Personal
protective
equipment
includes
neoprene
or
nitrile
gloves,
dust
masks
or
fume
hoods
as
appropriate,
chemical
safety
goggles,
and
impervious
apron,
sleeves
and
boots.
Field
exposure
to
workers
is
possible
when
handling
and
using
on
farms
as
a
fertilizer.
However,
liquid
fertilizers
are
generally
applied
by
mechanical
injectors,
which
reduces
contact
exposure.

Environmental
releases
are
controlled
at
the
manufacturing
plant.
Gaseous
emissions
are
low
due
to
use
of
scrubbers
and
liquid
effluent
is
recovered
as
much
14
Liquid
Polyphosphate
as
possible.
Exposure
to
environmental
receptors
is
dependent
on
the
amount
used
as
fertilizer
on
fields,
the
climatic
conditions,
and
the
hydrological
conditions
of
the
area
of
application.
Phosphate
materials
are
common
in
the
environment
and
are
essential
nutrients
for
both
plants
and
animals.
References:
1)
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.
2)
Vitosh,
M.
L.
1998.
N­
P­
K
Fertilizers.
Michigan
State
University
Extension.
Agricultural
Extension
Bulletin.
www.
msue.
edu/
vanburen/
e­
896.
htm.
Last
modified
September
4,
1998.

1.10
ADDITIONAL
REMARKS
A.
Options
for
disposal
Remarks:
Liquid
polyphosphate
should
be
disposed
of
in
accordance
with
federal,
state
and
local
environmental
control
regulations.
Generally
a
sufficient
method
is
to
absorb
spilled
substance
in
sand,
kitty
litter,
or
other
absorbent.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

2.
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
MELTING
POINT
Remarks:
Not
applicable.

2.2
BOILING
POINT
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.3
DENSITY
(
Relative
Density)

Remarks:
The
specific
gravity
is
1.43
at
60oF
for
10­
34­
0.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.
15
Liquid
Polyphosphate
2.4
VAPOR
PRESSURE
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.5
PARTITION
COEFFICIENT
logPow
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.6
WATER
SOLUBILITY
A.
Solubility
Value:
100%
Temperature:
25
°
C
Description:
Miscible
[
X];
Of
very
high
solubility
[
];
Of
high
solubility
[
];
Soluble
[
];
Slightly
soluble
[
]
Of
low
solubility
[
];
Of
very
low
solubility
[
];
Not
soluble
[
]
Method:
Not
specified.
GLP:
Yes
[
]
No
[
]
?
[
X]
References:
1)
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.
2)
Vitosh,
M.
L.
1998.
N­
P­
K
Fertilizers.
Michigan
State
University
Extension.
Agricultural
Extension
Bulletin.
www.
msue.
edu/
vanburen/
e­
896.
htm.
Last
modified
September
4,
1998.

B.
pH
Value,
pKa
Value
pH
Value:
6.5­
7
Concentration:
Not
specified.
Method:
Not
specified.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

2.7
FLASH
POINT
(
liquids)

Remarks:
Not
flammable.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.
16
Liquid
Polyphosphate
2.8
AUTO
FLAMMABILITY
(
solid/
gases)

Remarks:
Not
applicable.

2.9
FLAMMABILITY
Remarks:
Not
flammable.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

2.10
EXPLOSIVE
PROPERTIES
Remarks:
Not
explosive.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

2.11
OXIDIZING
PROPERTIES
Remarks:
No
data
available.

2.12
OXIDATION:
REDUCTION
POTENTIAL
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
AND
PATHWAYS
3.1
STABILITY
3.1.1
PHOTODEGRADATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.
17
Liquid
Polyphosphate
3.1.2
STABILITY
IN
WATER
Remarks:
Stable
under
normal
conditions.
References:
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

3.1.3
STABILITY
IN
SOIL
Remarks:
Ammonium
polyphosphate
(
APP)
fertilizers
behave
essentially
as
salts
in
soil.
Hydrolysis
occurred
faster
than
diffusion
through
the
soil
column.
Calculated
hydrolysis
half­
lives
in
soil
were
8.8
days
during
the
first
two
weeks
and
15.6
days
during
the
second
two
weeks.
Liquid
APP
hydrolyzed
faster
than
solid
APP
and
anaerobic
conditions
(
caused
by
subsequent
flooding)
accelerated
hydrolysis.
References:
Lohry,
R.
2001.
Ortho
vs.
poly.
The
Fluid
Journal.
Issue
#
35,
9(
4):
1­
3.

3.2
MONITORING
DATA
(
ENVIRONMENTAL)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.3
TRANSPORT
AND
DISTRIBUTION
BETWEEN
ENVIRONMENTAL
COMPARTMENTS
INCLUDING
ESTIMATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCENTRATIONS
AND
DISTRIBUTION
PATHWAYS
3.3.1
TRANSPORT
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.3.2
THEORETICAL
DISTRIBUTION
(
FUGACITY
CALCULATION)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.4
IDENTIFICATION
OF
MAIN
MODE
OF
DEGRADABILITY
IN
ACTUAL
USE
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.5
BIODEGRADATION
Remarks:
The
phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
18
Liquid
Polyphosphate
3.6
BOD5,
COD
OR
RATIO
BOD5/
COD
Remarks:
No
data
available.

3.7
BIOACCUMULATION
Remarks:
Will
not
bioaccumulate.

4.
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
ACUTE/
PROLONGED
TOXICITY
TO
FISH
Type
of
test:
Static
[
X
];
Semi­
static
[
];
Flow­
through
[
]
Open­
system
[
X
];
Closed­
system
[
]
Species:
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
(
Rainbow
trout)
Exposure
period:
96
Hours
Results:
LC50
(
96
h)
>
101
mg/
L
NOEC
=
101
mg/
L
Analytical
monitoring:
Yes
[
X
];
No
[
];
?
[
]
Method:
OECD
203,
1992.
GLP:
Yes
[
X
]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Liquid
polyphosphate
Remarks:
No
lethal
or
sublethal
effects
were
observed
at
the
highest
concentration
tested.
Liquid
polyphosphate
concentrations
were
calculated
from
total
phosphate
measurements.
References:
Madsen,
T.
J.
and
Bussard,
J.
B.
2000.
Acute
toxicity
of
liquid
polyphosphate
to
the
rainbow
trout,
Oncorhynchus
mykiss,
determined
under
static
test
conditions.
ABC
Labs
Study
No.
46204.

4.2
ACUTE
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
INVERTEBRATES
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.3
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
PLANTS,
e.
g.
algae
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.4
TOXICITY
TO
BACTERIA
Remarks:
No
data
available.
19
Liquid
Polyphosphate
4.5
CHRONIC
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
ORGANISMS
4.5.1
CHRONIC
TOXICITY
TO
FISH
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.5.2
CHRONIC
TOXICITY
TO
AQUATIC
INVERTEBRATES
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.6
TOXICITY
TO
TERRESTRIAL
ORGANISMS
4.6.1
TOXICITY
TO
SOIL
DWELLING
ORGANISMS
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.6.2
TOXICITY
TO
TERRESTRIAL
PLANTS
Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.6.3
TOXICITY
TO
OTHER
NON
MAMMALIAN
TERRESTRIAL
SPECIES
(
INCLUDING
AVIAN)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.7
BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS
MONITORING
(
INCLUDING
BIOMAGNIFICATION)

Remarks:
No
data
available.

4.8
BIOTRANSFORMATION
AND
KINETICS
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.
TOXICITY
5.1
ACUTE
TOXICITY
20
Liquid
Polyphosphate
5.1.1
ACUTE
ORAL
TOXICITY
Type:
LD0
[
];
LD100
[
];
LD50
[
X
];
LDL0
[
];
Other
[
]
Species/
strain:
Sprague­
Dawley
rat,
albino
Value:
>
2,000
mg/
kg
bw
Method:
OECD
425,
"
Up­
and­
Down
Protocol"
An
initial
dose
of
two
thousand
milligrams
of
the
test
substance
per
kilogram
of
bodyweight
was
administered
to
one
healthy
female
rat
by
oral
gavage.
Due
to
the
absence
of
mortality
in
this
animal
a
second
female
received
the
same
dose
level.
Following
the
completion
of
dosing
and
100%
survival
in
a
total
of
three
females,
a
group
of
three
males
was
tested
(
simultaneously)
at
the
above
dose
level.
All
animals
were
observed
for
mortality,
signs
of
gross
toxicity,
and
behavioral
changes
at
least
once
daily
for
14
days
after
dosing.
Bodyweights
were
recorded
prior
to
administration
and
again
on
Days
7
and
14
(
termination)
after
dosing.
Necropsies
were
performed
on
all
animals
at
terminal
sacrifice.
GLP:
Yes
[
X
]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Liquid
phosphate
(
clear
green
liquid)
Remarks:
All
animals
survived,
gained
weight
and
appeared
active
and
healthy
throughout
the
study
period.
No
signs
of
toxicity
were
observed.
References:
Merkel,
D.
J.
2000.
Acute
oral
toxicity:
Up
and
down
procedure
in
rats­
limit
test.
Product
Safety
Labs
study
number
9735.

5.1.2
ACUTE
INHALATION
TOXICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.1.3
ACUTE
DERMAL
TOXICITY
Type:
LD0
[
];
LD100
[
];
LD50
[
X
];
LDL0
[
];
Other
[
]
Species/
strain:
Sprague­
Dawley
rat,
albino
Value:
>
5,000
mg/
kg
bw
Method:
OECD
402,
1987.
Limit
test
(
5
males/
5
females).
Liquid
polyphosphate
was
applied
to
the
shaved
intact
skin
on
the
back
of
each
rat
and
covered
with
gauze
pads.
After
24
hours
the
pads
were
removed
and
the
test
areas
gently
wiped
with
water.
GLP:
Yes
[
X
]
No
[
]
?
[
]
Test
substance:
Liquid
polyphosphate
(
clear
green
liquid)
Remarks:
All
animals
survived,
gained
weight
and
appeared
active
and
healthy
throughout
the
test.
No
signs
of
toxicity
were
observed.
21
Liquid
Polyphosphate
References:
Merkel,
D.
J.
2000.
Acute
dermal
toxicity
study
in
rats
 
limit
test.
Product
Safety
Labs
Study
Number
9736.

5.1.4
ACUTE
TOXICITY
BY
OTHER
ROUTES
OF
ADMINISTRATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.2
CORROSIVENESS/
IRRITATION
5.2.1
SKIN
IRRITATION/
CORROSION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.2.2
EYE
IRRITATION/
CORROSION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.3
SKIN
SENSITIZATION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.4
REPEATED
DOSE
TOXICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.5
GENETIC
TOXICITY
IN
VITRO
A.
Bacterial
Test
Remarks:
No
data
available.

B.
Non­
bacterial
in
vitro
test
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.6
GENETIC
TOXICITY
IN
VIVO
Remarks:
No
data
available.
22
Liquid
Polyphosphate
5.7
CARCINOGENICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.8
TOXICITY
TO
REPRODUCTION
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.9
DEVELOPMENTAL
TOXICITY/
TERATOGENICITY
Remarks:
No
data
available.

5.10
OTHER
RELEVANT
INFORMATION
Remarks:
None.

5.11
EXPERIENCE
WITH
HUMAN
EXPOSURE
Remarks:
No
data
available.

6.
REFERENCES
J.
R.
Simplot
Company.
2001.
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet.
Liquid
Poly­
Ammonium
Phosphate
10­
34­
0.
M14090.

Lohry,
R.
2001.
Ortho
vs.
poly.
The
Fluid
Journal.
Issue
#
35,
9(
4):
1­
3.

Madsen,
T.
J.
and
Bussard,
J.
B.
2000.
Acute
toxicity
of
liquid
polyphosphate
to
the
rainbow
trout,
Oncorhynchus
mykiss,
determined
under
static
test
conditions.
ABC
Labs
Study
No.
46204.

Merkel,
D.
J.
2000.
Acute
oral
toxicity:
Up
and
down
procedure
in
rats­
limit
test.
Product
Safety
Labs
Study
Number
9735.

Merkel,
D.
J.
2000.
Acute
dermal
toxicity
study
in
rats
 
limit
test.
Product
Safety
Labs
Study
Number
9736.

Vitosh,
M.
L.
1998.
N­
P­
K
Fertilizers.
Michigan
State
University
Extension.
Agricultural
Extension
Bulletin.
www.
msue.
edu/
vanburen/
e­
896.
htm.
Last
modified
September
4,
1998.
Liquid
Polyphosphate
APPENDIX
A
 
SIDS
Data
Availability
Summary
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Explanation
of
Appendix
A
Appendix
A
is
a
SIDS
Data
Summary
table
that
provides
an
overview
of
availability
and
quality
of
the
data
used
in
this
Health
and
Environmental
Safety
Data
Summary
for
Liquid
Polyphosphate.
Y
(
Yes)
and
N
(
No)
designations
indicate
whether
data
are
available
that
meet
the
criteria
for
each
column.
The
columns
are
described
as:

Information:
Data
exist
that
were
useful
for
describing
the
data
element.
These
data
may
be
from
standard
laboratory
tests
or
from
generally
recognized
published
sources
or
professional
experience.

OECD
Study:
The
data
were
developed
using
standard
OECD
or
essentially
similar
(
e.
g.,
EPA
harmonized
protocols)
guidelines.

GLP:
The
data
were
developed
under
standard
Good
Laboratory
Practice
provisions.
These
generally
represent
the
highest
quality
data.

Other
Study:
Studies
were
conducted
that
could
not
be
definitively
identified
as
following
OECD
or
GLP
protocols.
These
studies
were
included
when
they
were
determined
to
be
of
adequate
quality
and
provided
relevant
information
to
the
characterization
of
the
compound.

Estimation
Method:
In
some
cases,
data
may
be
estimated
using
established
structure
activity
relationships.
These
methods
are
common
for
physical­
chemical
parameters
such
as
octanolwater
partition
coefficients
and
water
solubility.

Acceptable:
This
column
indicates
whether
the
data
are
deemed
acceptable
by
standard
acceptability
criteria
and
professional
judgment.
Only
the
data
meeting
adequacy
standards
are
included
in
this
summary
document.

SIDS
Testing
Recommended:
This
column
indicates
whether
additional
testing
is
recommended
based
on
an
evaluation
of
the
available
data
summarized
in
this
document.
It
is
generally
not
necessary
to
fill
all
of
the
apparent
data
gaps
in
order
to
adequately
characterize
the
inherent
hazard
of
chemicals.
Information
from
other
data
elements
and
from
other
chemicals
in
the
category,
along
with
professional
judgment,
are
useful
in
the
final
determination
of
the
need
for
further
testing.
Liquid
Polyphosphate
SIDS
DATA
AVAILABILITY
SUMMARY
DATE:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Information
OECD
Study
GLP
Other
Study
Estimated
Method
Acceptable
SIDS
Testing
Recommended
STUDY
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
Y/
N
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
Melting
Point
Boiling
Point
Density
Vapor
Pressure
Partition
Coefficient
Water
Solubility
pH
and
pKa
Values
Flash
Point
Flammability
Explosive
Oxidizing
Properties
Oxidation:
Reduction
Potential
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
­
­
Y
­
­
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
­
­
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
P/
C
STUDIES
RECEIVED
N
N
N
N
N
­
N
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.7
Photodegradation
Stability
in
Water
Stability
in
Soil
Monitoring
Data
Transport
and
Distribution
Biodegradation
Bioaccumulation
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
­
Y
Y
­
Y
­
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
ENV
FATE
STUDIES
RECEIVED
N
N
N
N
N
­
N
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
Acute
Toxicity
to
Fish
Acute
Toxicity
to
Daphnia
Toxicity
to
Algae
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Daphnia
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Organisms
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
Toxicity
to
Birds
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
ECOTOXICITY
STUDIES
RECEIVED
N
N
N
N
N
­
N
TOXICITY
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.8
5.9
5.11
Acute
Oral
Acute
Inhalation
Acute
Dermal
Skin
and
Eye
Irritation
Skin
Sensitization
Repeated
Dose
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
Reproduction
Toxicity
Development/
Teratogenicity
Human
Experience
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
­
Y
­
­
­

­
­
­
­
­
­
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
OTHER
TOXICITY
STUDIES
RECEIVED
N
N
N
N
N
­
N
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Appendix
B
 
SIDS
Data
Summaries
for
the
Phosphate
Compounds
Category:
Diammonium
Phosphate,
Liquid
Polyphosphate,
Monoammonium
Phosphate,
and
Super
Phosphates
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
Melting
Point
155
°
C
190
°
C
2.2
Boiling
Point
Decomposes
Decomposes
2.3
Density
0.93­
1.619
g/
mL
at
20oC
1.43
g/
mL
at
60oC
1.83
g/
mL
at
25oC
2.4
Vapor
Pressure
<
100
Pa
at
20
°
C
<
100
Pa
at
20
°
C
2.5
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
2.6A
Water
Solubility
588
g/
L
at
20
°
C
Miscible
328
g/
L
at
20
°
C
2.6B
pH
and
pKa
values
~
8
6.5­
7
4.2
in
0.2M
aqueous
solution
2.7
Flash
Point
Not
applicable
Not
flammable
Not
applicable
2.8
Auto
Flammability
Not
flammable
Not
applicable
Not
flammable
2.9
Flammability
Not
flammable
Not
flammable
Not
flammable
2.10
Explosive
Properties
Not
explosive
Not
explosive
Not
explosive
2.11
Oxidizing
Properties
Not
an
oxidizer
Not
an
oxidizer
2.12
Oxidation:

Reduction
Potential
2.13A
Additional
Data
See
text
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
Photodegradation
3.1.2
Stability
in
Water
Stable
Stable
Stable
3.1.3
Stability
in
Soil
Stable
Behave
as
salts
Stable
3.3.2
Distribution
Calculated,

Fugacity
Level
III
6.5
x
10­
15%
to
air
45.3%
to
water
54.6%
to
soil
0.0755%
to
sediment
Calculated,

Fugacity
Level
III
3.98
x
10­
12%
to
air
45.3%
to
water
54.6%
to
soil
0.0755%
to
sediment
3.5
Biodegradation
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
Phosphorus
cycle
is
well
understood
3.7
Bioaccumulation
Does
not
bioaccumulate
Does
not
bioaccumulate
Does
not
bioaccumulate
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
Acute
toxicity
to
Fish
Coho
salmon,
Chinook
salmon,
Rainbow
trout,
Bluegill,
Largemout
h
bass,
Tilapia,
Fathead
minnow
96
hrs
LC50
=
90­
1,875
mg/
L
Oncorhync
hus
mykiss
96
hrs
LC50
=
>
101
mg/
L
Oncorhync
hus
mykiss
96
hrs
LC50
=
>
85.9
mg/
L
4.2
Acute
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
Daphnia
magna
Amphipod
96
hrs
LC50
=
40­
52
mg/
L
Snail,
Worm
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,005­

2,472
mg/
L
4.3
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Plants
(
Algae)
Selenastrum
capricornutum
72
hrs
NOEC
(
toxicity)

=
97.1
mg
DAP/
L
NOEC
(
stimulation)
=

3.57
mg
DAP/
L
4.4
Toxicity
to
Bacteria
4.5.1
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
4.5.2
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
4.6.1
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Organisms
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
4.6.2
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
4.6.3
Toxicity
to
Other
Non­
Mammalian
Terrestrial
Species
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
TOXICITY
5.1.1
Acute
Oral
Toxicity
Rat
OECD
425
LD50
>
2,000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD
425
LD50
>
2,000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD
425
LD50
>
2000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.2
Acute
Inhalation
5.1.3
Acute
Dermal
Toxicity
Rat
OECD
402
LD50
>
5000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD
402
LD50
>
5,000
mg/
kg
bw
Rat
OECD
402
LD50
>
5000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.4
Acute
Toxicity,

Other
Routes
5.2.1
Skin
Irritation/

Corrosion
Irritant
Mild
irritant
5.2.2
Eye
Irritation/

Corrosion
Irritant
Mild
irritant
5.3
Skin
Sensitization
5.4
Repeated
Dose
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
250
mg/
kg/
day
5.5
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
Salmonella
typhimurium
Bacterial
reverse
mutation
assay
(
OECD
471)
Negative
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
Chromosome
aberration
test
(
OECD
473)
Negative
5.6
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
5.7
Carcinogenicity
5.8
Toxicity
to
Reproduction
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
1500
mg/
kg/
day
5.9
Development
Toxicity/
Teratogenicity
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
1500
mg/
kg/
day
5.10
Metabolism
and
Toxicokinetics
See
text
See
text
5.11
Human
Experience
See
text
See
text
See
text
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Diammonium
Phosphate
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Monoammonium
Phosphate
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
1.8
Occupational
Exposure
Limits
TLV
as
inert
dust
15
mg/
m3
No
TLV
established
TLV
as
inert
dust
15
mg/
m3
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
PHYSICAL­
CHEMICAL
DATA
2.1
Melting
Point
110
°
C
2.2
Boiling
Point
2.3
Density
1,035
kg/
m3
2.4
Vapor
Pressure
2.5
Octanol/
Water
Partition
Coefficient
2.6A
Water
Solubility
18
g/
L
at
20
°
C
2.6B
pH
and
pKa
values
2.8­
2.9
in
10%

water
suspension
2.7
Flash
Point
Not
applicable
2.8
Auto
Flammability
2.9
Flammability
2.10
Explosive
Properties
2.11
Oxidizing
Properties
2.12
Oxidation:

Reduction
Potential
2.13A
Additional
Data
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ENVIRONMENTAL
FATE
and
PATHWAY
3.1.1
Photodegradation
3.1.2
Stability
in
Water
3.1.3
Stability
in
Soil
Stable
3.3.2
Distribution
Calculated,

Fugacity
Level
III
1x10­
6%
to
air
49.8%
to
water
50.1%
to
soil
0.092%
to
sediment
3.5
Biodegradation
Biodegradable
3.7
Bioaccumulation
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
ECOTOXICITY
4.1
Acute
toxicity
to
Fish
Labeo
rohita,
Catla
catla,
Cirrhinus
mrigala,
Cyprinus
carpio,
Tilapia
mossambica
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,560­

5,900
ppm
4.2A
Acute
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
Daphnia
carinata
LC50
=
1,790­

1,825
mg/
L
4.2B
Acute
Toxicity
to
Other
Aquatic
Organisms
Moina
micrura,

Cyclops
viridis
72
hrs
LC50
=
1,625­

2,305
ppm
Branchiura
sowerbyi,
Planorbis
exustus,
Lymnaea
leuteola,
Viviparus
bengalensis,

Chironomus
sp
96
hrs
LC50
=
1,133­

5,005
ppm
4.3
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Plants
(
Algae)
Selenastrum
capricornutum
OECD
201
NOEC
(
toxicity)
=

87.6
mg/
L
NOEC
(
stimulation)
=

21.6
mg/
L
4.4
Toxicity
to
Bacteria
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
4.5.1
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Fish
4.5.2
Chronic
Toxicity
to
Aquatic
Invertebrates
4.6.1
Toxicity
to
Soil
Dwelling
Aquatic
Invertebrates
4.6.2
Toxicity
to
Terrestrial
Plants
See
text
4.6.3
Toxicity
to
Other
Non­
Mammalian
Terrestrial
Species
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
TOXICITY
5.1.1
Acute
Oral
Toxicity
Sheep
LD50
=
5,000­

6,000
mg/
kg
bw
5.1.2
Acute
Inhalation
5.1.3
Acute
Dermal
Toxicity
5.1.4
Acute
Toxicity,

Other
Routes
5.2.1
Skin
Irritation/

Corrosion
Mild
irritant
5.2.2
Eye
Irritation/

Corrosion
Mild
irritant
5.3
Skin
Sensitization
5.4
Repeated
Dose
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.5
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vitro
.
Gene
mutation
Salmonella
typhimurium
OECD
471
Negative
.
Chromosomal
aberration
Chinese
hamster
ovaries
OECD
473
Negative
5.6
Genetic
Toxicity
in
vivo
Mice
Chromosome
aberration
Clastogenic,

possibly
mutagenic
5.7
Carcinogenicity
5.8
Toxicity
to
Reproduction
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
5.9
Development
Toxicity/
Teratogenicity
Rat
OECD
422
NOAEL
=
750
mg/
kg/
day
SIDS
DATA
SUMMARIES
FOR
THE
PHOSPHATE
CATEGORY
Date:
January
27,
2003
Liquid
Polyphosphate
Super
Phosphates
DATA
ELEMENTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
SPECIES
PROTOCOL
RESULTS
5.10
Metabolism
and
Toxicokinetics
See
text
5.11
Human
Experience
See
text
1.8
Occupational
Exposure
Limits
TLV
as
inert
dust
15
mg/
m3