Document ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-0138-0002
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2002-08-27T04:00Z

Carbaryl
Summary
Uses
C
Carbaryl
(1­
naphthyl
methylcarbamate)
is
a
widely
used
broad­
spectrum
insecticide.
Approximately
3.9
million
pounds
(59
percent)
of
carbaryl
is
used
in
agriculture,
and
approximately
2.2
million
pounds
(34
percent)
of
carbaryl
is
used
by
homeowners
in
residential
settings.
The
remaining
uses
(7
percent)
are
in
the
nursery,
landscape
and
golf
course
industries.

C
Agricultural
uses
include
fruit
and
nut
trees,
many
types
of
fruits
and
vegetables,
and
grain
crops.
Homeowners
use
carbaryl
for
lawncare,
gardening,
and
petcare.
Other
uses
for
carbaryl
include
greenhouses,
sod
farms,
mosquito
adulticide
use,
and
a
special
local
need
use
of
carbaryl
on
oyster
beds
in
Washington
State.

Health
Effects
C
Carbaryl
can
cause
cholinesterase
inhibition
in
humans;
that
is,
it
can
overstimulate
the
nervous
system
causing
nausea,
dizziness,
confusion,
and
at
high
exposures,
respiratory
paralysis,
and
death.

C
Carbaryl
has
been
classified
as
"likely
to
be
carcinogenic
to
humans"
based
on
vascular
tumors
in
mice.

Risks
Dietary
Risks
from
Food
C
Acute
dietary
risk
estimates
with
Carbamate
Market
Basket
Survey
data
are
not
of
concern
for
the
entire
U.
S.
population,
including
infants
and
children.
Chronic
(cancer
and
noncancer)
dietary
risks
are
also
not
of
concern.

Dietary
Risks
from
Drinking
Water
C
Carbaryl
is
moderately
mobile
in
the
environment,
and
is
non­
persistent.

C
Acute
surface
water
risks,
based
on
high­
end
estimates
from
computer
modeling,
are
of
concern
for
all
populations
when
combined
with
food
exposures.
Chronic
(noncancer
and
cancer)
risks
from
surface
water
are
low
and
not
of
concern.

C
Groundwater
risks,
both
acute
and
chronic
(noncancer
and
cancer),
are
low
and
not
of
concern
when
combined
with
food
exposures.
Groundwater
concentrations
are
also
based
on
modeling
predictions.

Residential
risks
C
For
exposures
to
homeowner
handlers,
8
out
of
17
scenarios
resulted
in
noncancer
risks
of
concern.
For
carbaryl,
dermal
exposures
generally
determined
the
risk
levels.
Cancer
risks
for
all
17
scenarios
were
not
of
concern.
C
For
postapplication
exposure
to
homeowners,
only
one
scenario
(lawncare)
resulted
in
noncancer
risks
of
concern
for
adults.
For
children
10­
12,
there
are
no
risks
of
concern;
however,
postapplication
exposures
are
of
concern
for
toddlers
for
pet
treatment
and
lawncare.
Cancer
postapplication
risks
are
low
for
all
scenarios
and
are
not
of
concern.

Aggregating
Dietary
and
Residential
Risk
C
Based
on
selected
residential
scenarios
that
are
not
of
concern
alone,
only
one
scenario
had
aggregate
risks
of
concern
when
combined
with
dietary
(food
and
drinking
water)
exposures.

Occupational
Exposures
C
Out
of
128
short­
and
intermediate­
term
handler
exposure
scenario
combinations,
only18
had
noncancer
risks
of
concern,
even
when
considering
the
highest
level
of
personal
protection
practicable
(including
engineering
controls).
Out
of
5
long­
term
exposure
scenarios,
2
had
noncancer
risks
of
concern.

C
For
occupational
handler
cancer
risks,
8
of
the
128
handler
exposure
scenario
combinations
resulted
in
risks
of
concern
to
private
growers.
For
commercial
applicators,
21
scenarios
had
cancer
risks
of
concern.

C
Occupational
postapplication
risks
(noncancer
and
cancer)
are
of
concern
at
the
current
12
hour
REI
for
most
scenarios.

Ecological
Risks
C
For
nongranular
carbaryl
uses,
acute
risk
to
birds
is
low,
but
chronic
risk
to
birds
is
of
concern.
There
is
concern
for
both
acute
and
chronic
risk
to
mammals.

C
For
all
granular
uses,
there
is
concern
for
acute
risk
to
birds
and
small
mammals.
There
is
no
concern
for
acute
risk
to
larger
mammals.

C
There
is
concern
for
acute
risk
to
freshwater
fish
and
all
aquatic
invertebrates,
and
concern
for
chronic
risk
to
freshwater
aquatic
invertebrates.
There
is
no
concern
for
chronic
risk
to
freshwater
fish.

How
the
Risk
Picture
May
Change
The
registrant
is
completing
a
chemical­
specific
biomonitoring
study
which
will
further
quantify
and
charcaterize
occupational
and
residential
use
risks,
and
a
targeted
surface
water
monitoring
study
to
further
characterize
the
presence
of
carbaryl
in
drinking
water.