Document ID: EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0734-1771
Agency: epa
Document Type: Supporting & Related Material
Title: 
Posted Date: 2015-02-04T05:00Z

MEMORANDUM

DATE:	February 2, 2015

SUBJECT:	Baseline and NSPS Emissions from Small and Large Forced-Air Furnaces

FROM:	Jill Mozier, EC/R Incorporated

TO:		Docket ID Number EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0734

1.0	PURPOSE

This memorandum separates estimated emissions from small and large forced-air furnaces at baseline and assuming implementation of the final NSPS for Residential Wood Heaters. 

We estimate, based on industry discussions with EPA, that 25% of current forced-air furnace sales are of small forced-air furnaces (those with less than 65,000 BTU/hr heat output) and 75% of current sales are of large forced-air furnaces (those with 65,000 BTU/hr heat output or larger). These percentages were used to separate estimated emissions from the forced-air furnace appliance category as a whole into emissions from small and large forced-air furnaces. 

The emissions memorandum and the supporting cost effectiveness spreadsheets use the same percentages in the spreadsheet formulas to estimate NSPS emissions in 2016 (when small forced-air furnaces  -  an estimated 25% of forced-air furnace shipments  -  must meet the Step 1 limit) and in 2017 (when large forced-air furnaces  -  an estimated 75% of shipments  -  must also meet the Step 1 limit). Separate rows for small and large forced-air furnaces are presented in the following tables and in the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA). 

The following tables are numbered according to how they appear in the RIA, which is available in the docket for this rulemaking.

                                       
Table 4-3.  NSPS Adjusted Emission Factors for PM2.5  -  Baseline, Step 1 PM Emission Limits and Step 2 PM Emission Limits 

Emission Inventory Category
                       Baseline Emission factor (lb/ton)
                           Baseline Emissions (tons)
                              Baseline Tons/appl
                            Step 1* Emission Factor
                           Step 1* Emissions (tons)
                                Step 1* Tons/appl
                        2020   Step 2 Emission Factor 
                       2020      Step 2 Emissions (tons)
                          2020      Step 2 Tons/appl
Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA certified; non-catalytic
                                                                           8.76
                                                                          5,371
                                    0.0041
                                                                           8.76
                                                                          5,371
                                    0.0041
                                                                           3.89
                                                                          2,387
                                    0.0018
Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA certified; catalytic
                                                                           9.72
                                                                          2,023
                                    0.0047
                                                                           9.72
                                                                          2,023
                                    0.0047
                                                                           7.78
                                                                          1,618
                                    0.0038
Woodstove: freestanding, EPA certified, non-catalytic
                                                                           8.76
                                                                          6,745
                                    0.0077
                                                                           8.76
                                                                          6,745
                                    0.0077
                                                                           3.89
                                                                          2,998
                                    0.0034
Woodstove: freestanding, EPA certified, catalytic
                                                                           9.72
                                                                          3,769
                                    0.0101
                                                                           9.72
                                                                          3,769
                                    0.0101
                                                                           7.78
                                                                          3,016
                                    0.0081
Woodstove: pellet-fired, general
                                                                           3.06
                                                                          1,798
                                    0.0021
                                                                           3.06
                                                                          1,798
                                    0.0021
                                                                           1.36
                                                                            799
                                    0.0009
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                           30.6
                                                                         71,424
                                    0.0324
                                                                           8.76
                                                                         20,447
                                    0.0093
                                                                           3.89
                                                                          9,088
                                    0.0041
Hydronic heater: outdoor
                                                                             64
                                                                        116,933
                                    0.3208
                                                                            6.4
                                                                         11,693
                                    0.0321
                                                                           2.00
                                                                          3,654
                                    0.0100
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                             64
                                                                         83,972
                                    0.2392
                                                                             16
                                                                         20,993
                                    0.0598
                                                                           2.00
                                                                          2,624
                                    0.0075
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (small)
                                                                             64
                                                                         20,993
                                    0.2392
                                                                             16
                                                                          5,248
                                    0.0598
                                                                           2.00
                                                                            656
                                    0.0075
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (large)
                                                                             64
                                                                         62,979
                                    0.2392
                                                                             16
                                                                         15,745
                                    0.0598
                                                                           2.00
                                                                          1,968
                                    0.0075
 

* Step 1 standard becomes effective in 2015 for all appliances, except forced-air furnaces have work practice/operational standards beginning on the 2015 effective date; Step 1 emission limits for small furnaces become effective in 2016; and Step 1 emission limits for large furnaces become effective in 2017.  

Table 4-4.	Estimated Annual Shipments by Category, 2008-2020
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                        126,527
                                                                         80,851
                                                                         77,617
                                                                         79,169
                                                                         80,752
                                                                         82,367
                                                                         84,015
                                                                         85,695
                                                                         87,409
                                                                         89,157
                                                                        100,000
                                                                        102,000
                                                                        104,040
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                         40,000
                                                                         25,560
                                                                         24,538
                                                                         25,028
                                                                         25,529
                                                                         26,039
                                                                         26,560
                                                                         27,091
                                                                         27,633
                                                                         28,186
                                                                         28,750
                                                                         29,325
                                                                         29,911
Pellet Stoves
                                                                        130,381
                                                                         83,313
                                                                         79,981
                                                                         81,581
                                                                         83,212
                                                                         84,876
                                                                         86,574
                                                                         88,305
                                                                         90,072
                                                                         91,873
                                                                         93,710
                                                                         95,585
                                                                         97,496
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                         41,000
                                                                         26,199
                                                                         25,151
                                                                         25,654
                                                                         26,167
                                                                         26,690
                                                                         27,224
                                                                         27,769
                                                                         28,324
                                                                         28,891
                                                                         29,468
                                                                         30,058
                                                                         30,659
Furnaces - small
                                                                         10,250
                                                                          6,550
                                                                          6,288
                                                                          6,414
                                                                          6,542
                                                                          6,673
                                                                          6,806
                                                                          6,942
                                                                          7,081
                                                                          7,223
                                                                          7,367
                                                                          7,514
                                                                          7,665
Furnaces - large
                                                                         30,750
                                                                         19,649
                                                                         18,863
                                                                         19,241
                                                                         19,625
                                                                         20,018
                                                                         20,418
                                                                         20,827
                                                                         21,243
                                                                         21,668
                                                                         22,101
                                                                         22,543
                                                                         22,994
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                         13,385
                                                                          8,553
                                                                          8,211
                                                                          8,375
                                                                         13,100
                                                                         13,362
                                                                         13,629
                                                                         13,902
                                                                         14,180
                                                                         14,463
                                                                         14,753
                                                                         15,048
                                                                         15,349

Table 4-5.	Estimated PM2.5 Emissions (Tons): Baseline
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                            563
                                                                            360
                                                                            345
                                                                            352
                                                                            359
                                                                            367
                                                                            374
                                                                            381
                                                                            389
                                                                            397
                                                                            445
                                                                            454
                                                                            463
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          1,295
                                                                            827
                                                                            794
                                                                            810
                                                                            826
                                                                            843
                                                                            860
                                                                            877
                                                                            895
                                                                            912
                                                                            931
                                                                            949
                                                                            968
Pellet Stoves
                                                                             83
                                                                             53
                                                                             51
                                                                             52
                                                                             53
                                                                             54
                                                                             55
                                                                             56
                                                                             57
                                                                             59
                                                                             60
                                                                             61
                                                                             62
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                          9,808
                                                                          6,267
                                                                          6,017
                                                                          6,137
                                                                          6,260
                                                                          6,385
                                                                          6,513
                                                                          6,643
                                                                          6,776
                                                                          6,911
                                                                          7,049
                                                                          7,190
                                                                          7,334
Furnaces - small
                                                                          2,452
                                                                          1,567
                                                                          1,504
                                                                          1,534
                                                                          1,565
                                                                          1,596
                                                                          1,628
                                                                          1,661
                                                                          1,694
                                                                          1,728
                                                                          1,762
                                                                          1,798
                                                                          1,834
Furnaces - large
                                                                          7,356
                                                                          4,700
                                                                          4,512
                                                                          4,603
                                                                          4,695
                                                                          4,789
                                                                          4,884
                                                                          4,982
                                                                          5,082
                                                                          5,183
                                                                          5,287
                                                                          5,393
                                                                          5,501
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                          3,520
                                                                          2,250
                                                                          2,160
                                                                          2,203
                                                                          3,446
                                                                          3,514
                                                                          3,585
                                                                          3,656
                                                                          3,730
                                                                          3,804
                                                                          3,880
                                                                          3,958
                                                                          4,037
Total
                                                                         15,269
                                                                          9,757
                                                                          9,367
                                                                          9,554
                                                                         10,944
                                                                         11,163
                                                                         11,386
                                                                         11,614
                                                                         11,846
                                                                         12,083
                                                                         12,365
                                                                         12,612
                                                                         12,865

Table 4-6.	Estimated PM2.5 Emissions (Tons): NSPS
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                            563
                                                                            360
                                                                            345
                                                                            352
                                                                            359
                                                                            367
                                                                            374
                                                                            381
                                                                            389
                                                                            397
                                                                            445
                                                                            454
                                                                            259
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          1,295
                                                                            827
                                                                            794
                                                                            810
                                                                            826
                                                                            843
                                                                            860
                                                                            251
                                                                            256
                                                                            261
                                                                            266
                                                                            272
                                                                            123
Pellet Stoves
                                                                             83
                                                                             53
                                                                             51
                                                                             52
                                                                             53
                                                                             54
                                                                             55
                                                                             56
                                                                             57
                                                                             59
                                                                             60
                                                                             61
                                                                             28
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                          9,808
                                                                          6,267
                                                                          6,017
                                                                          6,137
                                                                          6,260
                                                                          6,385
                                                                          6,513
                                                                          6,643
                                                                          5,505
                                                                          1,728
                                                                          1,762
                                                                          1,798
                                                                            229
Furnaces - small
                                                                          2,452
                                                                          1,567
                                                                          1,504
                                                                          1,534
                                                                          1,565
                                                                          1,596
                                                                          1,628
                                                                          1,661
                                                                            423
                                                                            432
                                                                            441
                                                                            449
                                                                             57
Furnaces - large
                                                                          7,356
                                                                          4,700
                                                                          4,512
                                                                          4,603
                                                                          4,695
                                                                          4,789
                                                                          4,884
                                                                          4,982
                                                                          5,082
                                                                          1,296
                                                                          1,322
                                                                          1,348
                                                                            172
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                          3,520
                                                                          2,250
                                                                          2,160
                                                                          2,203
                                                                          3,446
                                                                          3,514
                                                                          3,585
                                                                            366
                                                                            373
                                                                            380
                                                                            388
                                                                            396
                                                                            126
Total
                                                                         15,269
                                                                          9,757
                                                                          9,367
                                                                          9,554
                                                                         10,944
                                                                         11,163
                                                                         11,386
                                                                          7,697
                                                                          6,581
                                                                          2,825
                                                                          2,922
                                                                          2,980
                                                                            765

										

Table 4-4.  NSPS Adjusted Emission Factors for VOC  -  Baseline, Step 1 PM Emission Limits and Step 2 PM Emission Limits 

Emission Inventory Category
                       Baseline Emission factor (lb/ton)
                           Baseline Emissions (tons)
                              Baseline Tons/appl
                            Step 1* Emission Factor
                           Step 1* Emissions (tons)
                                Step 1* Tons/appl
                        2020   Step 2 Emission Factor 
                       2020      Step 2 Emissions (tons)
                          2020      Step 2 Tons/appl
Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA certified; non-catalytic
                                                                             12
                                                                          7,357
                                    0.0056
                                                                             12
                                                                          7,357
                                    0.0056
                                                                           5.33
                                                                          3,270
                                    0.0025
Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA certified; catalytic
                                                                             15
                                                                          3,121
                                    0.0073
                                                                             15
                                                                          3,121
                                    0.0073
                                                                          12.00
                                                                          2,497
                                    0.0058
Woodstove: freestanding, EPA certified, non-catalytic
                                                                             12
                                                                          9,240
                                    0.0106
                                                                             12
                                                                          9,240
                                    0.0106
                                                                           5.33
                                                                          4,107
                                    0.0047
Woodstove: freestanding, EPA certified, catalytic
                                                                             15
                                                                          5,817
                                    0.0155
                                                                             15
                                                                          5,817
                                    0.0155
                                                                          12.00
                                                                          4,654
                                    0.0124
Woodstove: pellet-fired, general
                                                                          0.041
                                                                             24
                                    0.0000
                                                                          0.041
                                                                             24
                                    0.0000
                                                                           0.02
                                                                             11
                                    0.0000
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                             53
                                                                        123,709
                                    0.0561
                                                                             12
                                                                         28,010
                                    0.0127
                                                                           5.33
                                                                         12,449
                                    0.0056
Hydronic heater: outdoor
                                                                           67.4
                                                                        123,145
                                    0.3378
                                                                           6.74
                                                                         12,314
                                    0.0338
                                                                           2.11
                                                                          3,848
                                    0.0106
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                           67.4
                                                                         88,433
                                    0.2519
                                                                          16.85
                                                                         22,108
                                    0.0630
                                                                           2.11
                                                                          2,764
                                    0.0079
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (small)
                                                                           67.4
                                                                         22,108
                                    0.2519
                                                                          16.85
                                                                          5,527
                                    0.0630
                                                                           2.11
                                                                            691
                                    0.0079
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (large)
                                                                           67.4
                                                                         66,325
                                    0.2519
                                                                          16.85
                                                                         16,581
                                    0.0630
                                                                           2.11
                                                                          2,073
                                    0.0079

 
                                                                         0.0086
Baseline woodstove weighted average (Tons/appl)
                                                                         0.0086
2015 Step 1 woodstove weighted average (Tons/appl)
                                                                         0.0049
2020 Step 2 woodstove weighted average (Tons/appl)

* Step 1 standard becomes effective in 2015 for all appliances, except forced-air furnaces have work practice/operational standards beginning on the 2015 effective date; Step 1 emission limits for small furnaces become effective in 2016; and Step 1 emission limits for large furnaces become effective in 2017.  	

Table 4-9.	Estimated VOC Emissions (Tons): Baseline*
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                            803
                                                                            513
                                                                            493
                                                                            502
                                                                            512
                                                                            523
                                                                            533
                                                                            544
                                                                            555
                                                                            566
                                                                            635
                                                                            647
                                                                            660
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          2,243
                                                                          1,433
                                                                          1,376
                                                                          1,403
                                                                          1,431
                                                                          1,460
                                                                          1,489
                                                                          1,519
                                                                          1,549
                                                                          1,580
                                                                          1,612
                                                                          1,644
                                                                          1,677
Pellet Stoves
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                         10,329
                                                                          6,600
                                                                          6,336
                                                                          6,463
                                                                          6,592
                                                                          6,724
                                                                          6,859
                                                                          6,996
                                                                          7,136
                                                                          7,278
                                                                          7,424
                                                                          7,572
                                                                          7,724
Furnaces - small
                                                                          2,582
                                                                          1,650
                                                                          1,584
                                                                          1,616
                                                                          1,648
                                                                          1,681
                                                                          1,715
                                                                          1,749
                                                                          1,784
                                                                          1,820
                                                                          1,856
                                                                          1,893
                                                                          1,931
Furnaces - large
                                                                          7,747
                                                                          4,950
                                                                          4,752
                                                                          4,847
                                                                          4,944
                                                                          5,043
                                                                          5,144
                                                                          5,247
                                                                          5,352
                                                                          5,459
                                                                          5,568
                                                                          5,679
                                                                          5,793
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                          3,707
                                                                          2,369
                                                                          2,274
                                                                          2,320
                                                                          3,629
                                                                          3,701
                                                                          3,775
                                                                          3,851
                                                                          3,928
                                                                          4,006
                                                                          4,086
                                                                          4,168
                                                                          4,251
Total
                                                                         17,083
                                                                         10,916
                                                                         10,480
                                                                         10,689
                                                                         12,165
                                                                         12,409
                                                                         12,657
                                                                         12,910
                                                                         13,168
                                                                         13,431
                                                                         13,758
                                                                         14,033
                                                                         14,313

Table 4-10.	Estimated VOC Emissions (Tons): NSPS* 
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                            803
                                                                            513
                                                                            493
                                                                            502
                                                                            512
                                                                            523
                                                                            533
                                                                            544
                                                                            555
                                                                            566
                                                                            635
                                                                            647
                                                                            376
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          2,243
                                                                          1,433
                                                                          1,376
                                                                          1,403
                                                                          1,431
                                                                          1,460
                                                                          1,489
                                                                            344
                                                                            351
                                                                            358
                                                                            365
                                                                            372
                                                                            169
Pellet Stoves
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              1
                                                                              0
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                         10,329
                                                                          6,600
                                                                          6,336
                                                                          6,463
                                                                          6,592
                                                                          6,724
                                                                          6,859
                                                                          6,996
                                                                          5,798
                                                                          1,820
                                                                          1,856
                                                                          1,893
                                                                            241
Furnaces - small
                                                                          2,582
                                                                          1,650
                                                                          1,584
                                                                          1,616
                                                                          1,648
                                                                          1,681
                                                                          1,715
                                                                          1,749
                                                                            446
                                                                            455
                                                                            464
                                                                            473
                                                                             60
Furnaces - large
                                                                          7,747
                                                                          4,950
                                                                          4,752
                                                                          4,847
                                                                          4,944
                                                                          5,043
                                                                          5,144
                                                                          5,247
                                                                          5,352
                                                                          1,365
                                                                          1,392
                                                                          1,420
                                                                            181
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                          3,707
                                                                          2,369
                                                                          2,274
                                                                          2,320
                                                                          3,629
                                                                          3,701
                                                                          3,775
                                                                            385
                                                                            393
                                                                            401
                                                                            409
                                                                            417
                                                                            133
Total
                                                                         17,083
                                                                         10,916
                                                                         10,480
                                                                         10,689
                                                                         12,165
                                                                         12,409
                                                                         12,657
                                                                          8,269
                                                                          7,097
                                                                          3,145
                                                                          3,265
                                                                          3,330
                                                                            919

Table 4-5.  NSPS Adjusted Emission Factors for CO  -  Baseline, Step 1 PM Emission Limits and Step 2 PM Emission Limits 

Emission Inventory Category
                       Baseline Emission factor (lb/ton)
                           Baseline Emissions (tons)
                              Baseline Tons/appl
                            Step 1* Emission Factor
                           Step 1* Emissions (tons)
                                Step 1* Tons/appl
                      2020       Step 2 Emission Factor 
                      2020        Step 2 Emissions (tons)
                         2020        Step 2 Tons/appl
Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA certified; non-catalytic
                                                                          140.8
                                                                         86,323
                                    0.0662
                                                                          140.8
                                                                         86,323
                                    0.0662
                                                                           62.6
                                                                         38,366
                                    0.0294
Woodstove: fireplace inserts; EPA certified; catalytic
                                                                          104.4
                                                                         21,725
                                    0.0509
                                                                          104.4
                                                                         21,725
                                    0.0509
                                                                           83.5
                                                                         17,380
                                    0.0407
Woodstove: freestanding, EPA certified, non-catalytic
                                                                          140.8
                                                                        108,418
                                    0.1241
                                                                          140.8
                                                                        108,418
                                    0.1241
                                                                           62.6
                                                                         48,186
                                    0.0552
Woodstove: freestanding, EPA certified, catalytic
                                                                          104.4
                                                                         40,486
                                    0.1082
                                                                          104.4
                                                                         40,486
                                    0.1082
                                                                           83.5
                                                                         32,389
                                    0.0866
Woodstove: pellet-fired, general
                                                                           15.9
                                                                          9,344
                                    0.0110
                                                                           15.9
                                                                          9,344
                                    0.0110
                                                                            7.1
                                                                          4,153
                                    0.0049
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          230.8
                                                                        538,716
                                    0.2442
                                                                          140.8
                                                                        328,645
                                    0.1489
                                                                           62.6
                                                                        146,064
                                    0.0662
Hydronic heater: outdoor
                                                                            360
                                                                        657,748
                                    1.8042
                                                                             36
                                                                         65,775
                                    0.1804
                                                                           11.3
                                                                         20,555
                                    0.0564
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                            360
                                                                        472,341
                                    1.3456
                                                                             90
                                                                        118,085
                                    0.3364
                                                                           11.3
                                                                         14,761
                                    0.0421
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (small)
                                                                            360
                                                                        118,085
                                    1.3456
                                                                             90
                                                                         29,521
                                    0.3364
                                                                           11.3
                                                                          3,690
                                    0.0421
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (large)
                                                                            360
                                                                        354,256
                                    1.3456
                                                                             90
                                                                         88,564
                                    0.3364
                                                                           11.3
                                                                         11,070
                                    0.0421

                                                                         0.0863
Baseline woodstove weighted average (Tons/appl)
                                                                         0.0863
2015 Step 1 woodstove weighted average (Tons/appl)
                                                                         0.0458
2020 Step 2 woodstove weighted average (Tons/appl)
 

* Step 1 standard becomes effective in 2015 for all appliances, except forced-air furnaces have work practice/operational standards beginning on the 2015 effective date; Step 1 emission limits for small furnaces become effective in 2016; and Step 1 emission limits for large furnaces become effective in 2017.  	
Table 4-13.	Estimated CO Emissions (Tons): Baseline*
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                          8,079
                                                                          5,163
                                                                          4,956
                                                                          5,055
                                                                          5,156
                                                                          5,259
                                                                          5,365
                                                                          5,472
                                                                          5,581
                                                                          5,693
                                                                          6,385
                                                                          6,513
                                                                          6,643
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          9,766
                                                                          6,241
                                                                          5,991
                                                                          6,111
                                                                          6,233
                                                                          6,358
                                                                          6,485
                                                                          6,614
                                                                          6,747
                                                                          6,882
                                                                          7,019
                                                                          7,160
                                                                          7,303
Pellet Stoves
                                                                            432
                                                                            276
                                                                            265
                                                                            270
                                                                            275
                                                                            281
                                                                            287
                                                                            292
                                                                            298
                                                                            304
                                                                            310
                                                                            316
                                                                            323
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                         55,170
                                                                         35,254
                                                                         33,844
                                                                         34,520
                                                                         35,211
                                                                         35,915
                                                                         36,633
                                                                         37,366
                                                                         38,113
                                                                         38,876
                                                                         39,653
                                                                         40,446
                                                                         41,255
Furnaces - small
                                                                         13,793
                                                                          8,813
                                                                          8,461
                                                                          8,630
                                                                          8,803
                                                                          8,979
                                                                          9,158
                                                                          9,342
                                                                          9,528
                                                                          9,719
                                                                          9,913
                                                                         10,112
                                                                         10,314
Furnaces - large
                                                                         41,378
                                                                         26,440
                                                                         25,383
                                                                         25,890
                                                                         26,408
                                                                         26,936
                                                                         27,475
                                                                         28,025
                                                                         28,585
                                                                         29,157
                                                                         29,740
                                                                         30,335
                                                                         30,941
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                         19,803
                                                                         12,654
                                                                         12,148
                                                                         12,391
                                                                         19,381
                                                                         19,769
                                                                         20,164
                                                                         20,567
                                                                         20,979
                                                                         21,398
                                                                         21,826
                                                                         22,263
                                                                         22,708
Total
                                                                         93,249
                                                                         59,586
                                                                         57,203
                                                                         58,347
                                                                         66,256
                                                                         67,582
                                                                         68,933
                                                                         70,312
                                                                         71,718
                                                                         73,152
                                                                         75,194
                                                                         76,698
                                                                         78,232

Table 4-14.	Estimated CO Emissions (Tons): NSPS*
 
                                     2008
                                     2009
                                     2010
                                     2011
                                     2012
                                     2013
                                     2014
                                     2015
                                     2016
                                     2017
                                     2018
                                     2019
                                     2020
Wood Stoves
                                                                          8,079
                                                                          5,163
                                                                          4,956
                                                                          5,055
                                                                          5,156
                                                                          5,259
                                                                          5,365
                                                                          5,472
                                                                          5,581
                                                                          5,693
                                                                          6,385
                                                                          6,513
                                                                          3,524
Single Burn Rate Stoves
                                                                          9,766
                                                                          6,241
                                                                          5,991
                                                                          6,111
                                                                          6,233
                                                                          6,358
                                                                          6,485
                                                                          4,035
                                                                          4,116
                                                                          4,198
                                                                          4,282
                                                                          4,368
                                                                          1,980
Pellet Stoves
                                                                            432
                                                                            276
                                                                            265
                                                                            270
                                                                            275
                                                                            281
                                                                            287
                                                                            292
                                                                            298
                                                                            304
                                                                            310
                                                                            316
                                                                            143
Furnace: indoor, cordwood (all)
                                                                         55,170
                                                                         35,254
                                                                         33,844
                                                                         34,520
                                                                         35,211
                                                                         35,915
                                                                         36,633
                                                                         37,366
                                                                         30,967
                                                                          9,719
                                                                          9,913
                                                                         10,112
                                                                          1,289
Furnaces - small
                                                                         13,793
                                                                          8,813
                                                                          8,461
                                                                          8,630
                                                                          8,803
                                                                          8,979
                                                                          9,158
                                                                          9,342
                                                                          2,382
                                                                          2,430
                                                                          2,478
                                                                          2,528
                                                                            322
Furnaces - large
                                                                         41,378
                                                                         26,440
                                                                         25,383
                                                                         25,890
                                                                         26,408
                                                                         26,936
                                                                         27,475
                                                                         28,025
                                                                         28,585
                                                                          7,289
                                                                          7,435
                                                                          7,584
                                                                            967
Hydronic Heating Systems
                                                                         19,803
                                                                         12,654
                                                                         12,148
                                                                         12,391
                                                                         19,381
                                                                         19,769
                                                                         20,164
                                                                          2,057
                                                                          2,098
                                                                          2,140
                                                                          2,183
                                                                          2,226
                                                                            710
Total
                                                                         93,249
                                                                         59,586
                                                                         57,203
                                                                         58,347
                                                                         66,256
                                                                         67,582
                                                                         68,933
                                                                         49,222
                                                                         43,060
                                                                         22,054
                                                                         23,073
                                                                         23,535
                                                                          7,647