DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2503.13892
Funding statement: Acknowledgements. We are grateful to an anonymous referee for valuable comments, which have improved the paper significantly. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) through grants 12090040, 12090042, 12073060, 12333008, and 12288102. Y.Z. acknowledges the support from the science research grants from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) "Light of West China" Program (No. 2022-XBQNXZ-013), the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (No. 2022D01E86), Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Fund (No. ZYYD2025QY27), the National Key R\&D Inter governmental Cooperation Program of China (No. 2023YFE0102300) and the Tianshan Talent Training Program with No. 2023TSYCCX0101. J.Z. would like to acknowledge the National Key R\&D Program of China No.2019YFA0405501, the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS, the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with NO. CMS-CSST-2021-A08, the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No. 22dz1202400), the Shanghai Science and Technology Program (Grant No.20590760800), and Sponsored by Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader. X.M. acknowledges support from the International Centre of Supernovae, Yunnan Key Laboratory (No. 202302AN360001), and Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (Nos. 202401BC070007 and 202201BC070003). K.W. acknowledges support from the DFG grant Sp 345/24-1. G.L. thanks Ruqiu Lin for the helpful discussions and Qiuyi Luo for assisting with checking the gas data. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia , processed by the Gaia Data Proces-Processingalysis Consortium (DPAC,https: //www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). In addition to those cited in the main body of the text, this work made use of the open source Python packages Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), scikit-learn (Pedregosa et al. 2011), galpy (Bovy 2015) and PeTar (Wang et al. 2020).
Annotated funders:
funder_name: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
awards: award_ids: 12090040
12090042
12073060
12333008
12288102
funder_name: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
awards: funding_scheme: “Light of West China” Program
award_ids: 2022-XBQNXZ-013
funder_name: Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
awards: award_ids: 2022D01E86
funder_name: Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Fund
awards: award_ids: ZYYD2025QY27
funder_name: Tianshan Talent Training Program
awards: award_ids: 2023TSYCCX0101
funder_name: Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS
funder_name: China Manned Space Project
awards: award_ids: CMS-CSST-2021-A08
funder_name: Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality
awards: award_ids: 22dz1202400
funder_name: Shanghai Science and Technology Program
awards: award_ids: 20590760800
funder_name: Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader
funder_name: International Centre of Supernovae, Yunnan Key Laboratory
awards: award_ids: 202302AN360001
funder_name: Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects
awards: award_ids: 202401BC070007
202201BC070003
funder_name: DFG
awards: award_ids: Sp 345/24-1
funder_name: European Space Agency (ESA)
awards: funding_scheme: National Key R\&D Inter governmental Cooperation Program of China
award_ids: 2023YFE0102300
awards: funding_scheme: National Key R\&D Program of China
award_ids: 2019YFA0405501