How to implement decrease key or change key in Binary Search Tree ? | C program to demonstrate decrease key operation on binary search tree ; A utility function to create a new BST node ; A utility function to do inorder traversal of BST ; A utility function to insert a new node with given key in BST ; If the tree is empty , return a new node ; Otherwise , recur down the tree ; return the ( unchanged ) node pointer ; Given a non - empty binary search tree , return the node with minimum key value found in that tree . Note that the entire tree does not need to be searched . ; loop down to find the leftmost leaf ; Given a binary search tree and a key , this function deletes the key and returns the new root ; base case ; If the key to be deleted is smaller than the root 's key,  then it lies in left subtree ; If the key to be deleted is greater than the root 's key,  then it lies in right subtree ; if key is same as root 's key, then This is the node  to be deleted ; node with only one child or no child ; node with two children : Get the inorder successor ( smallest in the right subtree ) ; Copy the inorder successor 's content to this node ; Delete the inorder successor ; Function to decrease a key value in Binary Search Tree ; First delete old key value ; Then insert new key value ; Return new root ; Driver Program to test above functions ; Let us create following BST 50 / \ 30 70 / \ / \ 20 40 60 80 ; BST is modified to 50 / \ 30 70 / / \ 20 60 80 / 10
#include <stdio.h> NEW_LINE #include <stdlib.h> NEW_LINE struct node { int key ; struct node * left , * right ; } ; struct node * newNode ( int item ) { struct node * temp = ( struct node * ) malloc ( sizeof ( struct node ) ) ; temp -> key = item ; temp -> left = temp -> right = NULL ; return temp ; } void inorder ( struct node * root ) { if ( root != NULL ) { inorder ( root -> left ) ; printf ( " % d ▁ " , root -> key ) ; inorder ( root -> right ) ; } } struct node * insert ( struct node * node , int key ) { if ( node == NULL ) return newNode ( key ) ; if ( key < node -> key ) node -> left = insert ( node -> left , key ) ; else node -> right = insert ( node -> right , key ) ; return node ; } struct node * minValueNode ( struct node * node ) { struct node * current = node ; while ( current -> left != NULL ) current = current -> left ; return current ; } struct node * deleteNode ( struct node * root , int key ) { if ( root == NULL ) return root ; if ( key < root -> key ) root -> left = deleteNode ( root -> left , key ) ; else if ( key > root -> key ) root -> right = deleteNode ( root -> right , key ) ; else { if ( root -> left == NULL ) { struct node * temp = root -> right ; free ( root ) ; return temp ; } else if ( root -> right == NULL ) { struct node * temp = root -> left ; free ( root ) ; return temp ; } struct node * temp = minValueNode ( root -> right ) ; root -> key = temp -> key ; root -> right = deleteNode ( root -> right , temp -> key ) ; } return root ; } struct node * changeKey ( struct node * root , int oldVal , int newVal ) { root = deleteNode ( root , oldVal ) ; root = insert ( root , newVal ) ; return root ; } int main ( ) { struct node * root = NULL ; root = insert ( root , 50 ) ; root = insert ( root , 30 ) ; root = insert ( root , 20 ) ; root = insert ( root , 40 ) ; root = insert ( root , 70 ) ; root = insert ( root , 60 ) ; root = insert ( root , 80 ) ; printf ( " Inorder ▁ traversal ▁ of ▁ the ▁ given ▁ tree ▁ STRNEWLINE " ) ; inorder ( root ) ; root = changeKey ( root , 40 , 10 ) ; printf ( " Inorder traversal of the modified tree " inorder ( root ) ; return 0 ; }