C program to find the maximum and minimum element of the array - GeeksforGeeks

07 May, 2020
Given an array arr[] of N integers, the task is to write the C program to find the maximum and minimum element of the given array iteratively and recursively.
Examples:
Input: arr[] = {1, 2, 4, -1}Output:The minimum element is -1The maximum element is 4
Input: arr[] = {-1, -1, -1, -1}Output:The minimum element is -1The maximum element is -1
Approach:
Let maxE and minE be the variable to store the minimum and maximum element of the array.Initialise minE as INT_MAX and maxE as INT_MIN.Traverse the given array arr[].If the current element is smaller than minE, then update the minE as current element.If the current element is greater than maxE, then update the maxE as current element.Repeat the above two steps for the element in the array.
Let maxE and minE be the variable to store the minimum and maximum element of the array.
Initialise minE as INT_MAX and maxE as INT_MIN.
Traverse the given array arr[].
If the current element is smaller than minE, then update the minE as current element.
If the current element is greater than maxE, then update the maxE as current element.
Repeat the above two steps for the element in the array.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
Iterative Approach
Recursive Approach
// C program for the above approach#include <limits.h>#include <stdio.h>  // Function to find the minimum and// maximum element of the arrayvoid findMinimumMaximum(int arr[], int N){    int i;      // variable to store the minimum    // and maximum element    int minE = INT_MAX, maxE = INT_MIN;      // Traverse the given array    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {          // If current element is smaller        // than minE then update it        if (arr[i] < minE) {            minE = arr[i];        }          // If current element is greater        // than maxE then update it        if (arr[i] > maxE) {            maxE = arr[i];        }    }      // Print the minimum and maximum element    printf("The minimum element is %d", minE);    printf("\n");    printf("The maximum element is %d", maxE);      return;}  // Driver Codeint main(){      // Given array    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 4, -1 };      // length of the array    int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);      // Function call    findMinimumMaximum(arr, N);      return 0;}
// C program for the above approach#include <limits.h>#include <stdio.h>  // Recursive function to find the minimum// and the maximum element of the arrayvoid recursiveMinMax(int arr[], int N,                     int* minE, int* maxE){    // Base Case    if (N < 0) {        return;    }      // If current element is smaller    // than minE then update it    if (arr[N] < *minE) {        *minE = arr[N];    }      // If current element is greater    // than maxE then update it    if (arr[N] > *maxE) {        *maxE = arr[N];    }      // Recursive call for next iteration    recursiveMinMax(arr, N - 1, minE, maxE);}  // Function to find the minimum and// maximum element of the arrayvoid findMinimumMaximum(int arr[], int N){    int i;      // variable to store the minimum    // and maximum element    int minE = INT_MAX, maxE = INT_MIN;      // Recursive Function to find    // minimum & maximum element    recursiveMinMax(arr, N - 1, &minE, &maxE);      // Print the minimum and maximum element    printf("The minimum element is %d", minE);    printf("\n");    printf("The maximum element is %d", maxE);      return;}  // Driver Codeint main(){      // Given array    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 4, -1 };      // length of the array    int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);      // Function call    findMinimumMaximum(arr, N);    return 0;}
The minimum element is -1
The maximum element is 4

Time Complexity: O(N), where N is the number of element in the given array.
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