Maximum and minimum of an array using minimum number of comparisons - GeeksforGeeks

03 Jan, 2022
Write a C function to return minimum and maximum in an array. Your program should make the minimum number of comparisons. 
First of all, how do we return multiple values from a C function? We can do it either using structures or pointers. We have created a structure named pair (which contains min and max) to return multiple values. 
c
struct pair{  int min;  int max;}; 
And the function declaration becomes: struct pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n) where arr[] is the array of size n whose minimum and maximum are needed. 
METHOD 1 (Simple Linear Search) Initialize values of min and max as minimum and maximum of the first two elements respectively. Starting from 3rd, compare each element with max and min, and change max and min accordingly (i.e., if the element is smaller than min then change min, else if the element is greater than max then change max, else ignore the element) 
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
Javascript
// C++ program of above implementation#include<iostream>using namespace std; // Pair struct is used to return// two values from getMinMax()struct Pair{    int min;    int max;}; Pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n){    struct Pair minmax;        int i;         // If there is only one element    // then return it as min and max both    if (n == 1)    {        minmax.max = arr[0];        minmax.min = arr[0];            return minmax;    }         // If there are more than one elements,    // then initialize min and max    if (arr[0] > arr[1])    {        minmax.max = arr[0];        minmax.min = arr[1];    }    else    {        minmax.max = arr[1];        minmax.min = arr[0];    }         for(i = 2; i < n; i++)    {        if (arr[i] > minmax.max)                minmax.max = arr[i];                     else if (arr[i] < minmax.min)                minmax.min = arr[i];    }    return minmax;} // Driver codeint main(){    int arr[] = { 1000, 11, 445,                  1, 330, 3000 };    int arr_size = 6;         struct Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);         cout << "Minimum element is "         << minmax.min << endl;    cout << "Maximum element is "         << minmax.max;              return 0;} // This code is contributed by nik_3112
/* structure is used to return two values from minMax() */#include<stdio.h>struct pair{  int min;  int max;};  struct pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n){  struct pair minmax;      int i;     /*If there is only one element then return it as min and max both*/  if (n == 1)  {     minmax.max = arr[0];     minmax.min = arr[0];         return minmax;  }      /* If there are more than one elements, then initialize min      and max*/  if (arr[0] > arr[1])   {      minmax.max = arr[0];      minmax.min = arr[1];  }   else  {      minmax.max = arr[1];      minmax.min = arr[0];  }      for (i = 2; i<n; i++)  {    if (arr[i] >  minmax.max)           minmax.max = arr[i];       else if (arr[i] <  minmax.min)           minmax.min = arr[i];  }     return minmax;} /* Driver program to test above function */int main(){  int arr[] = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};  int arr_size = 6;  struct pair minmax = getMinMax (arr, arr_size);  printf("nMinimum element is %d", minmax.min);  printf("nMaximum element is %d", minmax.max);  getchar();} 
// Java program of above implementationpublic class GFG {/* Class Pair is used to return two values from getMinMax() */    static class Pair {         int min;        int max;    }     static Pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n) {        Pair minmax = new  Pair();        int i;         /*If there is only one element then return it as min and max both*/        if (n == 1) {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[0];            return minmax;        }         /* If there are more than one elements, then initialize min    and max*/        if (arr[0] > arr[1]) {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[1];        } else {            minmax.max = arr[1];            minmax.min = arr[0];        }         for (i = 2; i < n; i++) {            if (arr[i] > minmax.max) {                minmax.max = arr[i];            } else if (arr[i] < minmax.min) {                minmax.min = arr[i];            }        }         return minmax;    }     /* Driver program to test above function */    public static void main(String args[]) {        int arr[] = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};        int arr_size = 6;        Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);        System.out.printf("\nMinimum element is %d", minmax.min);        System.out.printf("\nMaximum element is %d", minmax.max);     } }
# Python program of above implementation # structure is used to return two values from minMax() class pair:    def __init__(self):        self.min = 0        self.max = 0 def getMinMax(arr: list, n: int) -> pair:    minmax = pair()     # If there is only one element then return it as min and max both    if n == 1:        minmax.max = arr[0]        minmax.min = arr[0]        return minmax     # If there are more than one elements, then initialize min    # and max    if arr[0] > arr[1]:        minmax.max = arr[0]        minmax.min = arr[1]    else:        minmax.max = arr[1]        minmax.min = arr[0]     for i in range(2, n):        if arr[i] > minmax.max:            minmax.max = arr[i]        elif arr[i] < minmax.min:            minmax.min = arr[i]     return minmax # Driver Codeif __name__ == "__main__":    arr = [1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000]    arr_size = 6    minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size)    print("Minimum element is", minmax.min)    print("Maximum element is", minmax.max) # This code is contributed by# sanjeev2552
// C# program of above implementationusing System; class GFG{    /* Class Pair is used to return    two values from getMinMax() */    class Pair    {        public int min;        public int max;    }     static Pair getMinMax(int []arr, int n)    {        Pair minmax = new Pair();        int i;         /* If there is only one element        then return it as min and max both*/        if (n == 1)        {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[0];            return minmax;        }         /* If there are more than one elements,        then initialize min and max*/        if (arr[0] > arr[1])        {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[1];        }        else        {            minmax.max = arr[1];            minmax.min = arr[0];        }         for (i = 2; i < n; i++)        {            if (arr[i] > minmax.max)            {                minmax.max = arr[i];            }            else if (arr[i] < minmax.min)            {                minmax.min = arr[i];            }        }        return minmax;    }     // Driver Code    public static void Main(String []args)    {        int []arr = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};        int arr_size = 6;        Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);        Console.Write("Minimum element is {0}",                                   minmax.min);        Console.Write("\nMaximum element is {0}",                                     minmax.max);    }} // This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992
<script>// JavaScript program of above implementation /* Class Pair is used to return two values from getMinMax() */    function getMinMax(arr, n)    {        minmax = new  Array();        var i;        var min;        var max;         /*If there is only one element then return it as min and max both*/        if (n == 1) {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[0];            return minmax;        }         /* If there are more than one elements, then initialize min    and max*/        if (arr[0] > arr[1]) {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[1];        } else {            minmax.max = arr[1];            minmax.min = arr[0];        }         for (i = 2; i < n; i++) {            if (arr[i] > minmax.max) {                minmax.max = arr[i];            } else if (arr[i] < minmax.min) {                minmax.min = arr[i];            }        }         return minmax;    }     /* Driver program to test above function */             var arr = [1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000];        var arr_size = 6;        minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);        document.write("\nMinimum element is " ,minmax.min +"<br>");        document.write("\nMaximum element is " , minmax.max); // This code is contributed by shivanisinghss2110</script>
Output: 
Minimum element is 1
Maximum element is 3000
Time Complexity: O(n)
In this method, the total number of comparisons is 1 + 2(n-2) in the worst case and 1 + n – 2 in the best case. In the above implementation, the worst case occurs when elements are sorted in descending order and the best case occurs when elements are sorted in ascending order.
METHOD 2 (Tournament Method) Divide the array into two parts and compare the maximums and minimums of the two parts to get the maximum and the minimum of the whole array.
Pair MaxMin(array, array_size)
   if array_size = 1
      return element as both max and min
   else if arry_size = 2
      one comparison to determine max and min
      return that pair
   else    /* array_size  > 2 */
      recur for max and min of left half
      recur for max and min of right half
      one comparison determines true max of the two candidates
      one comparison determines true min of the two candidates
      return the pair of max and min
Implementation 
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
Javascript
// C++ program of above implementation#include<iostream>using namespace std; // structure is used to return// two values from minMax()struct Pair{    int min;    int max;}; struct Pair getMinMax(int arr[], int low,                                 int high){    struct Pair minmax, mml, mmr;        int mid;         // If there is only one element    if (low == high)    {        minmax.max = arr[low];        minmax.min = arr[low];            return minmax;    }         // If there are two elements    if (high == low + 1)    {        if (arr[low] > arr[high])        {            minmax.max = arr[low];            minmax.min = arr[high];        }        else        {            minmax.max = arr[high];            minmax.min = arr[low];        }        return minmax;    }         // If there are more than 2 elements    mid = (low + high) / 2;    mml = getMinMax(arr, low, mid);    mmr = getMinMax(arr, mid + 1, high);         // Compare minimums of two parts    if (mml.min < mmr.min)        minmax.min = mml.min;    else        minmax.min = mmr.min;             // Compare maximums of two parts    if (mml.max > mmr.max)        minmax.max = mml.max;    else        minmax.max = mmr.max;             return minmax;} // Driver codeint main(){    int arr[] = { 1000, 11, 445,                  1, 330, 3000 };    int arr_size = 6;         struct Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, 0,                             arr_size - 1);                                  cout << "Minimum element is "         << minmax.min << endl;    cout << "Maximum element is "         << minmax.max;              return 0;} // This code is contributed by nik_3112
/* structure is used to return two values from minMax() */#include<stdio.h>struct pair{  int min;  int max;};  struct pair getMinMax(int arr[], int low, int high){  struct pair minmax, mml, mmr;        int mid;     // If there is only one element  if (low == high)  {     minmax.max = arr[low];     minmax.min = arr[low];         return minmax;  }        /* If there are two elements */  if (high == low + 1)  {      if (arr[low] > arr[high])      {        minmax.max = arr[low];        minmax.min = arr[high];     }      else     {        minmax.max = arr[high];        minmax.min = arr[low];     }      return minmax;  }     /* If there are more than 2 elements */  mid = (low + high)/2;   mml = getMinMax(arr, low, mid);  mmr = getMinMax(arr, mid+1, high);      /* compare minimums of two parts*/  if (mml.min < mmr.min)    minmax.min = mml.min;  else    minmax.min = mmr.min;       /* compare maximums of two parts*/  if (mml.max > mmr.max)    minmax.max = mml.max;  else    minmax.max = mmr.max;        return minmax;} /* Driver program to test above function */int main(){  int arr[] = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};  int arr_size = 6;  struct pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, 0, arr_size-1);  printf("nMinimum element is %d", minmax.min);  printf("nMaximum element is %d", minmax.max);  getchar();}
// Java program of above implementationpublic class GFG {/* Class Pair is used to return two values from getMinMax() */    static class Pair {         int min;        int max;    }     static Pair getMinMax(int arr[], int low, int high) {        Pair minmax = new Pair();        Pair mml = new Pair();        Pair mmr = new Pair();        int mid;         // If there is only one element        if (low == high) {            minmax.max = arr[low];            minmax.min = arr[low];            return minmax;        }         /* If there are two elements */        if (high == low + 1) {            if (arr[low] > arr[high]) {                minmax.max = arr[low];                minmax.min = arr[high];            } else {                minmax.max = arr[high];                minmax.min = arr[low];            }            return minmax;        }         /* If there are more than 2 elements */        mid = (low + high) / 2;        mml = getMinMax(arr, low, mid);        mmr = getMinMax(arr, mid + 1, high);         /* compare minimums of two parts*/        if (mml.min < mmr.min) {            minmax.min = mml.min;        } else {            minmax.min = mmr.min;        }         /* compare maximums of two parts*/        if (mml.max > mmr.max) {            minmax.max = mml.max;        } else {            minmax.max = mmr.max;        }         return minmax;    }     /* Driver program to test above function */    public static void main(String args[]) {        int arr[] = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};        int arr_size = 6;        Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);        System.out.printf("\nMinimum element is %d", minmax.min);        System.out.printf("\nMaximum element is %d", minmax.max);     }}
# Python program of above implementationdef getMinMax(low, high, arr):    arr_max = arr[low]    arr_min = arr[low]         # If there is only one element    if low == high:        arr_max = arr[low]        arr_min = arr[low]        return (arr_max, arr_min)             # If there is only two element    elif high == low + 1:        if arr[low] > arr[high]:            arr_max = arr[low]            arr_min = arr[high]        else:            arr_max = arr[high]            arr_min = arr[low]        return (arr_max, arr_min)    else:                 # If there are more than 2 elements        mid = int((low + high) / 2)        arr_max1, arr_min1 = getMinMax(low, mid, arr)        arr_max2, arr_min2 = getMinMax(mid + 1, high, arr)     return (max(arr_max1, arr_max2), min(arr_min1, arr_min2)) # Driver codearr = [1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000]high = len(arr) - 1low = 0arr_max, arr_min = getMinMax(low, high, arr)print('Minimum element is ', arr_min)print('nMaximum element is ', arr_max) # This code is contributed by DeepakChhitarka
// C# implementation of the approachusing System;                     public class GFG {/* Class Pair is used to return two values from getMinMax() */    public class Pair {          public int min;        public int max;    }      static Pair getMinMax(int []arr, int low, int high) {        Pair minmax = new Pair();        Pair mml = new Pair();        Pair mmr = new Pair();        int mid;          // If there is only one element        if (low == high) {            minmax.max = arr[low];            minmax.min = arr[low];            return minmax;        }          /* If there are two elements */        if (high == low + 1) {            if (arr[low] > arr[high]) {                minmax.max = arr[low];                minmax.min = arr[high];            } else {                minmax.max = arr[high];                minmax.min = arr[low];            }            return minmax;        }          /* If there are more than 2 elements */        mid = (low + high) / 2;        mml = getMinMax(arr, low, mid);        mmr = getMinMax(arr, mid + 1, high);          /* compare minimums of two parts*/        if (mml.min < mmr.min) {            minmax.min = mml.min;        } else {            minmax.min = mmr.min;        }          /* compare maximums of two parts*/        if (mml.max > mmr.max) {            minmax.max = mml.max;        } else {            minmax.max = mmr.max;        }          return minmax;    }      /* Driver program to test above function */    public static void Main(String []args) {        int []arr = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};        int arr_size = 6;        Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);        Console.Write("\nMinimum element is {0}", minmax.min);        Console.Write("\nMaximum element is {0}", minmax.max);      }} // This code contributed by Rajput-Ji
<script>// Javascript program of above implementation      /* Class Pair is used to return two values from getMinMax() */     class Pair {         constructor(){        this.min = -1;        this.max = 10000000;         }    }      function getMinMax(arr , low , high) {        var minmax = new Pair();        var mml = new Pair();        var mmr = new Pair();        var mid;         // If there is only one element        if (low == high) {            minmax.max = arr[low];            minmax.min = arr[low];            return minmax;        }         /* If there are two elements */        if (high == low + 1) {            if (arr[low] > arr[high]) {                minmax.max = arr[low];                minmax.min = arr[high];            } else {                minmax.max = arr[high];                minmax.min = arr[low];            }            return minmax;        }         /* If there are more than 2 elements */        mid = parseInt((low + high) / 2);        mml = getMinMax(arr, low, mid);        mmr = getMinMax(arr, mid + 1, high);         /* compare minimums of two parts */        if (mml.min < mmr.min) {            minmax.min = mml.min;        } else {            minmax.min = mmr.min;        }         /* compare maximums of two parts */        if (mml.max > mmr.max) {            minmax.max = mml.max;        } else {            minmax.max = mmr.max;        }         return minmax;    }     /* Driver program to test above function */        var arr = [ 1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000 ];        var arr_size = 6;        var minmax = getMinMax(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);        document.write("\nMinimum element is ", minmax.min);        document.write("<br/>Maximum element is ", minmax.max); // This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji</script>
Output: 
Minimum element is 1
Maximum element is 3000
Time Complexity: O(n) 
Total number of comparisons: let the number of comparisons be T(n). T(n) can be written as follows: Algorithmic Paradigm: Divide and Conquer 
             
  T(n) = T(floor(n/2)) + T(ceil(n/2)) + 2  
  T(2) = 1
  T(1) = 0
If n is a power of 2, then we can write T(n) as: 
   T(n) = 2T(n/2) + 2
After solving the above recursion, we get 
  T(n)  = 3n/2 -2
Thus, the approach does 3n/2 -2 comparisons if n is a power of 2. And it does more than 3n/2 -2 comparisons if n is not a power of 2.
METHOD 3 (Compare in Pairs) If n is odd then initialize min and max as first element. If n is even then initialize min and max as minimum and maximum of the first two elements respectively. For rest of the elements, pick them in pairs and compare their maximum and minimum with max and min respectively. 
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
// C++ program of above implementation#include<iostream>using namespace std; // Structure is used to return// two values from minMax()struct Pair{    int min;    int max;}; struct Pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n){    struct Pair minmax;        int i;         // If array has even number of elements    // then initialize the first two elements    // as minimum and maximum    if (n % 2 == 0)    {        if (arr[0] > arr[1])            {            minmax.max = arr[0];            minmax.min = arr[1];        }        else        {            minmax.min = arr[0];            minmax.max = arr[1];        }                 // Set the starting index for loop        i = 2;    }         // If array has odd number of elements    // then initialize the first element as    // minimum and maximum    else    {        minmax.min = arr[0];        minmax.max = arr[0];                 // Set the starting index for loop        i = 1;    }         // In the while loop, pick elements in    // pair and compare the pair with max    // and min so far    while (i < n - 1)    {                if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1])                {            if(arr[i] > minmax.max)                    minmax.max = arr[i];                             if(arr[i + 1] < minmax.min)                        minmax.min = arr[i + 1];            }        else               {            if (arr[i + 1] > minmax.max)                    minmax.max = arr[i + 1];                             if (arr[i] < minmax.min)                        minmax.min = arr[i];            }                 // Increment the index by 2 as        // two elements are processed in loop        i += 2;    }            return minmax;} // Driver codeint main(){    int arr[] = { 1000, 11, 445,                1, 330, 3000 };    int arr_size = 6;         Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);         cout << "nMinimum element is "        << minmax.min << endl;    cout << "nMaximum element is "        << minmax.max;             return 0;} // This code is contributed by nik_3112
#include<stdio.h> /* structure is used to return two values from minMax() */struct pair{  int min;  int max;};  struct pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n){  struct pair minmax;      int i;    /* If array has even number of elements then    initialize the first two elements as minimum and    maximum */  if (n%2 == 0)  {            if (arr[0] > arr[1])        {      minmax.max = arr[0];      minmax.min = arr[1];    }     else    {      minmax.min = arr[0];      minmax.max = arr[1];    }    i = 2;  /* set the starting index for loop */  }     /* If array has odd number of elements then    initialize the first element as minimum and    maximum */  else  {    minmax.min = arr[0];    minmax.max = arr[0];    i = 1;  /* set the starting index for loop */  }     /* In the while loop, pick elements in pair and     compare the pair with max and min so far */     while (i < n-1)   {             if (arr[i] > arr[i+1])             {      if(arr[i] > minmax.max)               minmax.max = arr[i];      if(arr[i+1] < minmax.min)                 minmax.min = arr[i+1];           }    else            {      if (arr[i+1] > minmax.max)               minmax.max = arr[i+1];      if (arr[i] < minmax.min)                 minmax.min = arr[i];           }           i += 2; /* Increment the index by 2 as two               elements are processed in loop */  }              return minmax;}    /* Driver program to test above function */int main(){  int arr[] = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};  int arr_size = 6;  struct pair minmax = getMinMax (arr, arr_size);  printf("nMinimum element is %d", minmax.min);  printf("nMaximum element is %d", minmax.max);  getchar();}
// Java program of above implementationpublic class GFG { /* Class Pair is used to return two values from getMinMax() */    static class Pair {         int min;        int max;    }     static Pair getMinMax(int arr[], int n) {        Pair minmax = new Pair();        int i;        /* If array has even number of elements then     initialize the first two elements as minimum and     maximum */        if (n % 2 == 0) {            if (arr[0] > arr[1]) {                minmax.max = arr[0];                minmax.min = arr[1];            } else {                minmax.min = arr[0];                minmax.max = arr[1];            }            i = 2;            /* set the starting index for loop */        } /* If array has odd number of elements then     initialize the first element as minimum and     maximum */ else {            minmax.min = arr[0];            minmax.max = arr[0];            i = 1;            /* set the starting index for loop */        }         /* In the while loop, pick elements in pair and      compare the pair with max and min so far */        while (i < n - 1) {            if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1]) {                if (arr[i] > minmax.max) {                    minmax.max = arr[i];                }                if (arr[i + 1] < minmax.min) {                    minmax.min = arr[i + 1];                }            } else {                if (arr[i + 1] > minmax.max) {                    minmax.max = arr[i + 1];                }                if (arr[i] < minmax.min) {                    minmax.min = arr[i];                }            }            i += 2;            /* Increment the index by 2 as two                elements are processed in loop */        }         return minmax;    }     /* Driver program to test above function */    public static void main(String args[]) {        int arr[] = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};        int arr_size = 6;        Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);        System.out.printf("\nMinimum element is %d", minmax.min);        System.out.printf("\nMaximum element is %d", minmax.max);     }}
# Python3 program of above implementationdef getMinMax(arr):         n = len(arr)         # If array has even number of elements then    # initialize the first two elements as minimum    # and maximum    if(n % 2 == 0):        mx = max(arr[0], arr[1])        mn = min(arr[0], arr[1])                 # set the starting index for loop        i = 2             # If array has odd number of elements then    # initialize the first element as minimum    # and maximum    else:        mx = mn = arr[0]                 # set the starting index for loop        i = 1             # In the while loop, pick elements in pair and    # compare the pair with max and min so far    while(i < n - 1):        if arr[i] < arr[i + 1]:            mx = max(mx, arr[i + 1])            mn = min(mn, arr[i])        else:            mx = max(mx, arr[i])            mn = min(mn, arr[i + 1])                     # Increment the index by 2 as two        # elements are processed in loop        i += 2         return (mx, mn)     # Driver Codeif __name__ =='__main__':         arr = [1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000]    mx, mn = getMinMax(arr)    print("Minimum element is", mn)    print("Maximum element is", mx)     # This code is contributed by Kaustav
// C# program of above implementationusing System;     class GFG{     /* Class Pair is used to return       two values from getMinMax() */    public class Pair    {        public int min;        public int max;    }     static Pair getMinMax(int []arr, int n)    {        Pair minmax = new Pair();        int i;                 /* If array has even number of elements        then initialize the first two elements        as minimum and maximum */        if (n % 2 == 0)        {            if (arr[0] > arr[1])            {                minmax.max = arr[0];                minmax.min = arr[1];            }            else            {                minmax.min = arr[0];                minmax.max = arr[1];            }            i = 2;        }                 /* set the starting index for loop */        /* If array has odd number of elements then        initialize the first element as minimum and        maximum */        else        {            minmax.min = arr[0];            minmax.max = arr[0];            i = 1;            /* set the starting index for loop */        }         /* In the while loop, pick elements in pair and        compare the pair with max and min so far */        while (i < n - 1)        {            if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1])            {                if (arr[i] > minmax.max)                {                    minmax.max = arr[i];                }                if (arr[i + 1] < minmax.min)                {                    minmax.min = arr[i + 1];                }            }            else            {                if (arr[i + 1] > minmax.max)                {                    minmax.max = arr[i + 1];                }                if (arr[i] < minmax.min)                {                    minmax.min = arr[i];                }            }            i += 2;                         /* Increment the index by 2 as two            elements are processed in loop */        }        return minmax;    }     // Driver Code    public static void Main(String []args)    {        int []arr = {1000, 11, 445, 1, 330, 3000};        int arr_size = 6;        Pair minmax = getMinMax(arr, arr_size);        Console.Write("Minimum element is {0}",                                   minmax.min);        Console.Write("\nMaximum element is {0}",                                     minmax.max);    }} // This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar
Output: 
Minimum element is 1
Maximum element is 3000
Time Complexity: O(n)
Total number of comparisons: Different for even and odd n, see below: 
       If n is odd:    3*(n-1)/2  
       If n is even:   1 Initial comparison for initializing min and max, 
                           and 3(n-2)/2 comparisons for rest of the elements  
                      =  1 + 3*(n-2)/2 = 3n/2 -2
Second and third approaches make the equal number of comparisons when n is a power of 2. In general, method 3 seems to be the best.Please write comments if you find any bug in the above programs/algorithms or a better way to solve the same problem. 
kamleshbhalui
Rajput-Ji
Kaustav kumar Chanda
Akanksha_Rai
princiraj1992
29AjayKumar
sanjeev2552
DeepakChhitarka
nik_3112
maafkaroplz
anjalitejasvi501
anshulpurohit11
dhairyabahl5
shivanisinghss2110
abhishekolympics
Numbers
Arrays
Divide and Conquer
Searching
Arrays
Searching
Divide and Conquer
Numbers
Writing code in comment?
Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org,
generate link and share the link here.
Stack Data Structure (Introduction and Program)
Multidimensional Arrays in Java
Linear Search
Given an array A[] and a number x, check for pair in A[] with sum as x (aka Two Sum)
Python | Using 2D arrays/lists the right way
Merge Sort
QuickSort
Binary Search
Program for Tower of Hanoi
Count Inversions in an array | Set 1 (Using Merge Sort)