Assigning Vectors in R Programming - GeeksforGeeks

30 Jun, 2020
Vectors are one of the most basic data structure in R. They contain data of same type. Vectors in R is equivalent to arrays in other programming languages. In R, array is a vector of one or more dimensions and every single object created is stored in the form of a vector. The members of a vector are termed as components .
Assigning of Vectors
There are different ways of assigning vectors. In R, this task can be performed using c() or using “:” or using seq() function.
Assigning vector using c()Generally, vectors in R are assigned using c() function.Example 1:# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # Using c()V = c(1, 2, 4, 6, 7)  # Printing the Vectorprint(V)  # Printing the data type of the vectorprint(typeof(V))Output: [1] 1 2 4 6 7
[1] "double"
Example 2: # R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # by default numeric values,# double values and logical values# are converted into characters V2 = c(1.5, TRUE, 4, "Geeks")  # Printing the Vectorprint(V2)  # Printing the data type of the vectorprint(typeof(V2))Output:[1] "1.5"   "TRUE"  "4"     "Geeks"
[1] "character"

Assigning vector using c()Generally, vectors in R are assigned using c() function.Example 1:
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # Using c()V = c(1, 2, 4, 6, 7)  # Printing the Vectorprint(V)  # Printing the data type of the vectorprint(typeof(V))
Output: 
[1] 1 2 4 6 7
[1] "double"

Example 2: 
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # by default numeric values,# double values and logical values# are converted into characters V2 = c(1.5, TRUE, 4, "Geeks")  # Printing the Vectorprint(V2)  # Printing the data type of the vectorprint(typeof(V2))
Output:
[1] "1.5"   "TRUE"  "4"     "Geeks"
[1] "character"

Assigning a vector using “:”In R, to create a vector of consecutive values “:” operator is used.Example 1: # R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # use':' to assign a vector  # of continuous valuesV = 1:10  # Printing the vectorprint(V)Output : [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
Example 2: # R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # use':' to assign a vector  # of continuous valuesV = 1.5 : 9.5  # Printing the vectorprint(V)Output: [1] 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 9.5
Example 3: If there is a mismatch of intervals, it skips the last value.# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # use':' to assign a vector  # of continuous values# instead of 9.5# here we take 9.4V = 1.5 : 9.4  # Printing the vectorprint(V)Output: [1] 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 

Assigning a vector using “:”In R, to create a vector of consecutive values “:” operator is used.Example 1: 
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # use':' to assign a vector  # of continuous valuesV = 1:10  # Printing the vectorprint(V)
Output : 
[1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10

Example 2: 
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # use':' to assign a vector  # of continuous valuesV = 1.5 : 9.5  # Printing the vectorprint(V)
Output: 
[1] 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 9.5

Example 3: 
If there is a mismatch of intervals, it skips the last value.
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # use':' to assign a vector  # of continuous values# instead of 9.5# here we take 9.4V = 1.5 : 9.4  # Printing the vectorprint(V)
Output: 
[1] 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 

Assigning Vectors with seq() In order to create vectors having step size, R provides seq() function.Example 1: # R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # Assigning a vector using# seq() function V = seq(1, 3, by=0.2)  # Printing the vectorprint(V)Output: [1] 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0
Example 2: It’s possible to specify the required length of the vector and step size is computed automatically.# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # Creating a vector using seq()# specifying the length of the vectorV = seq(1, 10, length.out=5)      # Printing the vectorprint(V) Output : [1]  1.00  3.25  5.50  7.75 10.00

Assigning Vectors with seq() In order to create vectors having step size, R provides seq() function.Example 1: 
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # Assigning a vector using# seq() function V = seq(1, 3, by=0.2)  # Printing the vectorprint(V)
Output: 
[1] 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0

Example 2: 
It’s possible to specify the required length of the vector and step size is computed automatically.
# R program to illustrate# Assigning vectors  # Creating a vector using seq()# specifying the length of the vectorV = seq(1, 10, length.out=5)      # Printing the vectorprint(V)
 Output : 
[1]  1.00  3.25  5.50  7.75 10.00

It’s also possible to create named vectors in R such that every value has a name assigned with it. R provides the names() function in order to create named vectors.
Example:
Suppose one wants to create a named vector with the number of players in each sport. To do so, first, he will create a numeric vector containing the number of players. Now, he can use the names() function to assign the name of the sports to the number of players.
# R program to illustrate# Assigning named vectors  # Creating a numeric vector# with the number of playerssports.players = c(2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11)  # Assigning sports name to the numeric vectornames(sports.players) = c("Bridge", "Polo", "Basketball",                           "Volleyball", "kabaddi",                           "Baseball", "Cricket")  # Displaying the named vectorprint(sports.players)
Output:
 Bridge   Polo   Basketball  Volleyball  kabaddi   Baseball    Cricket 
  
    2      4            5           6        7          9         11 

In order to get a sport with a particular number of players:
# Displaying the sports with 9 playersprint(names(sports.players[sports.players==9]))  # Displaying the sports with 1 playerprint(names(sports.players[sports.players==1]))
Output:
"Baseball"
character(0)

Explanation:
Baseball has nine players so it displays Baseball as output. Since here there is no sport with one player in this named vector, no output is generated and it displays the output as the character(0). 
In R in order to access the elements of a vector, vector indexing could be performed.
Note: Please note that indexing in R begins from 1 and not 0.
Example 1: 
# R program # To access elements  # Creating a vector by seq() functionV = seq(1, 40, by= 4)  # Printing the vectorprint(V)  # Printing the fifth element of the vectorprint(V[5])
Output:
[1] 1  5  9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37
[1] 17

Example 2: 
# R program # To access multiple elements  # Creating a vector by seq() functionV = seq(1, 40, by= 4)  # Printing the vectorprint(V)  # Printing the fifth and seventh element of the vectorprint(V[c(5,7)])
Output:
[1] 1  5  9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37
[1] 17 25

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