IBM Placement Paper | Logical Reasoning Set – 1

24 May, 2019
This is an IBM model placement paper on Logical Reasoning for placement preparation. This placement paper will cover logical reasoning questions that are asked in IBM recruitment drives and also strictly follows the pattern of questions asked in IBM interviews. It is recommended to solve each one of the following questions to increase your chances of clearing the IBM interview.
Logical Reasoning
What will be the next number? 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17.......21192320Answer:
19
Explanation:3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 is a prime number series.Hence next prime number in this series is 19Find wrong number in series: 12, 25, 49, 99, 187, 395, 78977891879949Answer:
187
Explanation:12*2+1 =2525*2-1 = 4949*2+1 = 99395*2-1 = 789Directions to solve Question 3 and 4: Each of the questions given below consists of a statement and/or a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statement(s) is/are sufficient to answer the given question.Read both the statements and Give answer(a) if the data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(b) if the data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(c) if the data in each Statement I and Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.If x, y are integers, then (x2 + y2)1/2 is an integer?Statement I – x2 + y2 is an integerStatement II – x2 – 3y2 = 0(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(b) data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
Explanation:Given Statement II => x2 – 3y2 = 0=> x2 = 3y2Putting the above in the question=> (x2 + y2)1/2=> (3y2 + y2)1/2=> (4y2)1/2=> ((2y)2)1/2=> (2y)which is an integer as y is an integerWhat day is 14th of a month?Statement I – 3rd Saturday of the month is seventeenthStatement II – 2nd last day of the month is Tuesday(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(a) data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
Explanation:Given Statement I, 17th, of the month, is Saturday.Therefore 14th will be WednesdayConsider the following phrase:Statement: A line from Ram’s appointment letter is “you are hereby appointed as a systems engineer with a probation period of two years and your performance will be reviewed at the end of the period for confirmation.”Assumptions:I. At the time of appointment, the performance of one generally is not well known.II. In the probation period, one tries to prove his worth generally.Choose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(e) Both I and II are implicit.
Explanation:Both the statements are implicit because since Ram is newly appointed in this company, so at the time of appointment, the performance of Ram is not well known. Also, they have to test performance over a span of time. So Ram (systems engineer) tries to prove his worth generally in the probation period. So, option (E) is correct.Consider the following phrase:Statement: The price for safeda mango is terribly priced at Rs. 200/kg.Assumptions:I. The price for other types of mangoes are decently priced.II. Rs 200 is a very big amount to pay for a safeda mango.Choose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(b) Only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:The Assumption I might or might not be true according to the given Statement, but the Assumption II is definitely true. Hence only Assumption II is implicit.Statements:I – All mangoes are bananas.II – Some bananas are a globe.III – All globe are square.Conclusions:I. Some mangoes are square.II. No mango is square.Choose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(c) either conclusion I or conclusion II is true
Explanation:Statements:I – Some C are TII – Some T are RIII – All R is MConclusions:I. Some M are TII. Some C are MChoose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(a) only conclusion I is true.
Explanation:Some C might or might not be M. But some M are definitely T.Find wrong number in series: 23, 29, 31, 33, 41, 43, 4729334147Answer:
33
Explanation:The given series is prime numbers from 23Find wrong number in series: 8, 24, 12, 36, 18, 54, 2612241826Answer:

Explanation:Mixture of two alternate series:8*3=2424/2=1212*3=3636/2=1818*3=5454/2=27Find wrong number in series:2, 3, 6, 0, 8, -3, 14, -63083Answer:
C
Explanation:Two alternate series:2 + 4 = 6,3 – 3 = 06 + 4 = 10,0 – 3 = -310 + 4 = 14-3 – 3 = -69848 x 125 = ?1232000124200012310001233000Answer:
1231000
Explanation:9848 x 125= 9848 x 53= 9848 x (10 / 2) 3= 9848 x (103 / 23)= 9848 x (1000/8)= 1231000Directions to solve Question 13 and 14: Each of the questions given below consists of a statement and/or a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statement(s) is/are sufficient to answer the given question.Read both the statements and Give answer(a) if the data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(b) if the data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(c) if the data in each Statement I and Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.Is x + y = 0?Statement I – x.y < 0Statement II – x2 = y2(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.
Explanation:For x + y = 0, there are 2 cases:Case 1:x and y are of opposite sign.This can be inferred from x.y < 0Case 2:x = y = 0This can be inferred from x2 = y2Hence the data in both Statements I and II togetherare necessary to answer the question.What is the probability that x3 – 8 = 0 when x is selected from a set of 8 integers?Statement I. The smallest number in the set is -11Statement II. The arithmetic mean of the set is 1/8.(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
Consider the following phrase:Statement: All C are J.All J are B.No B is R.Conclusions:I. All B are C.II. Some J are CChoose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(b) only conclusion II is true.
Explanation:All B are not CConsider the following phrase:Statement: It is advantageous to start schooling of child at the age of 5 or so.Assumptions:I. At the age of the child reaches appropriate level of development and is ready to learn.II. After 6 yrs of age schools do not admit childrenChoose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(a) Only assumption I is implicit
Consider the following phrase:Statement: Medicine M is a drug which is causing ripples in the medical field.Assumptions:I. M is not a great drugII. No other drug is causing ripples in the medical fieldChoose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(a) Only assumption I is implicit
Statements:I – Some S are LII – Some C are PIII – All P is RConclusions:I. Some P are LII. Some C are RChoose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(d) neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true

What will be the next number? 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17.......21192320Answer:
19
Explanation:3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 is a prime number series.Hence next prime number in this series is 19
21192320
21
19
23
20
Answer:

19

Explanation:
3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 is a prime number series.Hence next prime number in this series is 19
Find wrong number in series: 12, 25, 49, 99, 187, 395, 78977891879949Answer:
187
Explanation:12*2+1 =2525*2-1 = 4949*2+1 = 99395*2-1 = 789
77891879949
7789
187
99
49
Answer:

187

Explanation:
12*2+1 =2525*2-1 = 4949*2+1 = 99395*2-1 = 789
Directions to solve Question 3 and 4: Each of the questions given below consists of a statement and/or a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statement(s) is/are sufficient to answer the given question.Read both the statements and Give answer(a) if the data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(b) if the data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(c) if the data in each Statement I and Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.
If x, y are integers, then (x2 + y2)1/2 is an integer?Statement I – x2 + y2 is an integerStatement II – x2 – 3y2 = 0(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(b) data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
Explanation:Given Statement II => x2 – 3y2 = 0=> x2 = 3y2Putting the above in the question=> (x2 + y2)1/2=> (3y2 + y2)1/2=> (4y2)1/2=> ((2y)2)1/2=> (2y)which is an integer as y is an integer
(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Answer:

(b) data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:
Given Statement II => x2 – 3y2 = 0=> x2 = 3y2
Putting the above in the question=> (x2 + y2)1/2=> (3y2 + y2)1/2=> (4y2)1/2=> ((2y)2)1/2=> (2y)which is an integer as y is an integer
What day is 14th of a month?Statement I – 3rd Saturday of the month is seventeenthStatement II – 2nd last day of the month is Tuesday(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(a) data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.
Explanation:Given Statement I, 17th, of the month, is Saturday.Therefore 14th will be Wednesday
(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Answer:

(a) data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:
Given Statement I, 17th, of the month, is Saturday.Therefore 14th will be Wednesday
Consider the following phrase:Statement: A line from Ram’s appointment letter is “you are hereby appointed as a systems engineer with a probation period of two years and your performance will be reviewed at the end of the period for confirmation.”Assumptions:I. At the time of appointment, the performance of one generally is not well known.II. In the probation period, one tries to prove his worth generally.Choose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(e) Both I and II are implicit.
Explanation:Both the statements are implicit because since Ram is newly appointed in this company, so at the time of appointment, the performance of Ram is not well known. Also, they have to test performance over a span of time. So Ram (systems engineer) tries to prove his worth generally in the probation period. So, option (E) is correct.
If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.
If only assumption I is implicit
If only assumption II is implicit.
If either I or II is implicit.
If neither I nor II is implicit.
If both I and II are implicit.
Answer:

(e) Both I and II are implicit.

Explanation:
Both the statements are implicit because since Ram is newly appointed in this company, so at the time of appointment, the performance of Ram is not well known. Also, they have to test performance over a span of time. So Ram (systems engineer) tries to prove his worth generally in the probation period. So, option (E) is correct.
Consider the following phrase:Statement: The price for safeda mango is terribly priced at Rs. 200/kg.Assumptions:I. The price for other types of mangoes are decently priced.II. Rs 200 is a very big amount to pay for a safeda mango.Choose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(b) Only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:The Assumption I might or might not be true according to the given Statement, but the Assumption II is definitely true. Hence only Assumption II is implicit.
If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.
If only assumption I is implicit
If only assumption II is implicit.
If either I or II is implicit.
If neither I nor II is implicit.
If both I and II are implicit.
Answer:

(b) Only assumption II is implicit.

Explanation:
The Assumption I might or might not be true according to the given Statement, but the Assumption II is definitely true. Hence only Assumption II is implicit.
Statements:I – All mangoes are bananas.II – Some bananas are a globe.III – All globe are square.Conclusions:I. Some mangoes are square.II. No mango is square.Choose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(c) either conclusion I or conclusion II is true
Explanation:
only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.
only conclusion I is true.
only conclusion II is true.
either conclusion I or conclusion II is true
neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true
both conclusions I and II are true.
Answer:

(c) either conclusion I or conclusion II is true

Explanation:
Statements:I – Some C are TII – Some T are RIII – All R is MConclusions:I. Some M are TII. Some C are MChoose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(a) only conclusion I is true.
Explanation:Some C might or might not be M. But some M are definitely T.
only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.
only conclusion I is true.
only conclusion II is true.
either conclusion I or conclusion II is true
neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true
both conclusions I and II are true.
Answer:

(a) only conclusion I is true.

Explanation:
Some C might or might not be M. But some M are definitely T.
Find wrong number in series: 23, 29, 31, 33, 41, 43, 4729334147Answer:
33
Explanation:The given series is prime numbers from 23
29334147
29
33
41
47
Answer:

33

Explanation:
The given series is prime numbers from 23
Find wrong number in series: 8, 24, 12, 36, 18, 54, 2612241826Answer:

Explanation:Mixture of two alternate series:8*3=2424/2=1212*3=3636/2=1818*3=5454/2=27
12241826
12
24
18
26
Answer:



Explanation:
Mixture of two alternate series:8*3=2424/2=1212*3=3636/2=1818*3=5454/2=27
Find wrong number in series:2, 3, 6, 0, 8, -3, 14, -63083Answer:
C
Explanation:Two alternate series:2 + 4 = 6,3 – 3 = 06 + 4 = 10,0 – 3 = -310 + 4 = 14-3 – 3 = -6
3083
3
0
8
3
Answer:

C

Explanation:
Two alternate series:2 + 4 = 6,3 – 3 = 06 + 4 = 10,0 – 3 = -310 + 4 = 14-3 – 3 = -6
9848 x 125 = ?1232000124200012310001233000Answer:
1231000
Explanation:9848 x 125= 9848 x 53= 9848 x (10 / 2) 3= 9848 x (103 / 23)= 9848 x (1000/8)= 1231000
1232000124200012310001233000
1232000
1242000
1231000
1233000
Answer:

1231000

Explanation:
9848 x 125= 9848 x 53= 9848 x (10 / 2) 3= 9848 x (103 / 23)= 9848 x (1000/8)= 1231000
Directions to solve Question 13 and 14: Each of the questions given below consists of a statement and/or a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statement(s) is/are sufficient to answer the given question.Read both the statements and Give answer(a) if the data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(b) if the data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.(c) if the data in each Statement I and Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.
Is x + y = 0?Statement I – x.y < 0Statement II – x2 = y2(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.
Explanation:For x + y = 0, there are 2 cases:Case 1:x and y are of opposite sign.This can be inferred from x.y < 0Case 2:x = y = 0This can be inferred from x2 = y2Hence the data in both Statements I and II togetherare necessary to answer the question.
(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Answer:

(e) if the data in both Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

Explanation:
For x + y = 0, there are 2 cases:
Case 1:x and y are of opposite sign.This can be inferred from x.y < 0
Case 2:x = y = 0This can be inferred from x2 = y2
Hence the data in both Statements I and II togetherare necessary to answer the question.
What is the probability that x3 – 8 = 0 when x is selected from a set of 8 integers?Statement I. The smallest number in the set is -11Statement II. The arithmetic mean of the set is 1/8.(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Answer:
(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.

(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Answer:

(d) if the data even in both Statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.

Consider the following phrase:Statement: All C are J.All J are B.No B is R.Conclusions:I. All B are C.II. Some J are CChoose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(b) only conclusion II is true.
Explanation:All B are not C
only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.
only conclusion I is true.
only conclusion II is true.
either conclusion I or conclusion II is true
neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true
both conclusions I and II are true.
Answer:

(b) only conclusion II is true.

Explanation:
All B are not C
Consider the following phrase:Statement: It is advantageous to start schooling of child at the age of 5 or so.Assumptions:I. At the age of the child reaches appropriate level of development and is ready to learn.II. After 6 yrs of age schools do not admit childrenChoose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(a) Only assumption I is implicit

If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.
If only assumption I is implicit
If only assumption II is implicit.
If either I or II is implicit.
If neither I nor II is implicit.
If both I and II are implicit.
Answer:

(a) Only assumption I is implicit

Consider the following phrase:Statement: Medicine M is a drug which is causing ripples in the medical field.Assumptions:I. M is not a great drugII. No other drug is causing ripples in the medical fieldChoose the correct option given below.If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.Answer:
(a) Only assumption I is implicit

If only assumption I is implicitIf only assumption II is implicit.If either I or II is implicit.If neither I nor II is implicit.If both I and II are implicit.
If only assumption I is implicit
If only assumption II is implicit.
If either I or II is implicit.
If neither I nor II is implicit.
If both I and II are implicit.
Answer:

(a) Only assumption I is implicit

Statements:I – Some S are LII – Some C are PIII – All P is RConclusions:I. Some P are LII. Some C are RChoose the correct option given below:only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.Answer:
(d) neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true

only conclusion I is true.only conclusion II is true.either conclusion I or conclusion II is trueneither conclusion I nor conclusion II is trueboth conclusions I and II are true.
only conclusion I is true.
only conclusion II is true.
either conclusion I or conclusion II is true
neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true
both conclusions I and II are true.
Answer:

(d) neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true

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