DurationField - Django forms - GeeksforGeeks

13 Feb, 2020
DurationField in Django Forms is used for input of particular durations for example from 12 am to 1 pm. The default widget for this input is TextInput. It Normalizes to: A Python datetime.date object. It validates that the given value is a string which can be converted into a timedelta.
DurationField has one optional arguments:
input_formats :- Accepts any format understood by parse_duration().
Expects data in the format “DD HH:MM:SS.uuuuuu” or as specified by ISO 8601 (e.g. P4DT1H15M20S which is equivalent to 4 1:15:20) or PostgreSQL’s day-time interval format (e.g. 3 days 04:05:06).
Syntax
field_name = forms.DurationField(**options)
Illustration of DurationField using an Example. Consider a project named geeksforgeeks having an app named geeks.
Refer to the following articles to check how to create a project and an app in Django.
How to Create a Basic Project using MVT in Django?
How to Create an App in Django ?
Enter the following code into forms.py file of geeks app.
from django import forms  # creating a form class GeeksForm(forms.Form):    geeks_field = forms.DurationField( )
Add the geeks app to INSTALLED_APPS
# Application definition  INSTALLED_APPS = [    'django.contrib.admin',    'django.contrib.auth',    'django.contrib.contenttypes',    'django.contrib.sessions',    'django.contrib.messages',    'django.contrib.staticfiles',    'geeks',]
Now to render this form into a view we need a view and a URL mapped to that URL. Let’s create a view first in views.py of geeks app,
from django.shortcuts import renderfrom .forms import GeeksForm  # Create your views here.def home_view(request):    context = {}    context['form'] = GeeksForm()    return render( request, "home.html", context)
Here we are importing that particular form from forms.py and creating an object of it in the view so that it can be rendered in a template.Now, to initiate a Django form you need to create home.html where one would be designing the stuff as they like. Let’s create a form in home.html.
<form method = "GET">    {{ form }}    <input type = "submit" value = "Submit"></form>
Finally, a URL to map to this view in urls.py
from django.urls import path  # importing views from views..pyfrom .views import home_view  urlpatterns = [    path('', home_view ),]
Let’s run the server and check what has actually happened, Run
Python manage.py runserver
Thus, an geeks_field DurationField is created by replacing “_” with ” “. It is a field to input duration accepted by Python’s timedelta function from the user. Check here for more.
DurationField is used for input of a particular duration in the database. One can input date of submission, birthdate, etc. Till now we have discussed how to implement DurationField but how to use it in the view for performing the logical part. To perform some logic we would need to get the value entered into field into a python string instance.In views.py,
from django.shortcuts import renderfrom .forms import GeeksForm  # Create your views here.def home_view(request):    context ={}    form = GeeksForm()    context['form']= form    if request.GET:        temp = request.GET['geeks_field']        print(type(temp))    return render(request, "home.html", context)
Let’s try something other than a duration in a DurationField.
So it accepts a duration input only otherwise validation errors will be seen. Now let’s try entering a valid duration into the field.Date data can be fetched using corresponding request dictionary. If method is GET, data would be available in request.GET and if post, request.POST correspondingly. In above example we have the value in temp which we can use for any purpose.
Core Field arguments are the arguments given to each field for applying some constraint or imparting a particular characteristic to a particular Field. For example, adding an argument required = False to DurationField will enable it to be left blank by the user. Each Field class constructor takes at least these arguments. Some Field classes take additional, field-specific arguments, but the following should always be accepted:
NaveenArora
Django-forms
Python Django
Python
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