R – Pie Charts

09 Dec, 2021
A pie chart is a circular statistical graphic, which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportions. It depicts a special chart that uses “pie slices”, where each sector shows the relative sizes of data. A circular chart cuts in a form of radii into segments describing relative frequencies or magnitude also known as a circle graph. 
R Programming Language uses the function pie() to create pie charts. It takes positive numbers as a vector input. 
Syntax: pie(x, labels, radius, main, col, clockwise)
Parameters: 
x: This parameter is a vector that contains the numeric values which are used in the pie chart.
labels: This parameter gives the description to the slices in pie chart.
radius: This parameter is used to indicate the radius of the circle of the pie chart.(value between -1 and +1).
main: This parameter is represents title of the pie chart.
clockwise: This parameter contains the logical value which indicates whether the slices are drawn clockwise or in anti clockwise direction.
col: This parameter give colors to the pie in the graph.
To create a simple pie chart: 
By using the above parameters, we can draw a pie chart.
It can be described by giving simple labels.
Example: 
R
# Create data for the graph.geeks<- c(23, 56, 20, 63)labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore") # Plot the chart.pie(geeks, labels)
Output:
To create color and title pie chart. 
Take all parameters which are required to make pie chart by giving a title to the chart and add labels.
We can add more features by adding more parameters with more colors to the points.
Example: 
R
# Create data for the graph.geeks<- c(23, 56, 20, 63)labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore") # Plot the chart with title and rainbow# color pallet.pie(geeks, labels, main = "City pie chart",            col = rainbow(length(geeks)))
Output:
To create chart legend and slice percentage, we can plot by doing the below methods. 
There are two more properties of the pie chart: slice percentagechart legend.
slice percentage
chart legend.
We can show the chart in the form of percentages as well as add legends.
Example: 
R
# Create data for the graph.geeks <- c(23, 56, 20, 63)labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore") piepercent<- round(100 * geeks / sum(geeks), 1) # Plot the chart.pie(geeks, labels = piepercent,    main = "City pie chart", col = rainbow(length(geeks)))legend("topright", c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore"),                    cex = 0.5, fill = rainbow(length(geeks)))
Output:
Here we are going to create a 3D Pie chart using plotrix package and then we will use pie3D() function to plot 3D plot.
R
# Get the library.library(plotrix) # Create data for the graph.geeks <- c(23, 56, 20, 63)labels <- c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore") piepercent<- round(100 * geeks / sum(geeks), 1) # Plot the chart.pie3D(geeks, labels = piepercent,    main = "City pie chart", col = rainbow(length(geeks)))legend("topright", c("Mumbai", "Pune", "Chennai", "Bangalore"),                    cex = 0.5, fill = rainbow(length(geeks)))
Output:
 
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