Sum of array Elements without using loops and recursion

02 Nov, 2021
Given an array of N elements, the task is to find the Sum of N elements without using loops(for, while & doWhile) and recursion.Examples:  
Input: arr[]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5}   
Output: 15

Input: arr[]={10, 20, 30}   
Output: 60
 
Approach: Unconditional Jump Statements can be used to solve this problem.Unconditional Jump Statements:Jump statements interrupt the sequential execution of statements, so that execution continues at a different point in the program. A jump destroys automatic variables if the jump destination is outside their scope. There are four statements that cause unconditional jumps in C: break, continue, goto, and return.To solve this particular problem, goto statement can be useful.goto Statement: The goto statement is a jump statement which is sometimes also referred to as unconditional jump statement. The goto statement can be used to jump from anywhere to anywhere within a function. Syntax:  
Syntax1      |   Syntax2
----------------------------
goto label;  |    label:  
.                  |    .
.                  |    .
.                  |    .
label:          |    goto label;
In the above syntax, the first line tells the compiler to go to or jump to the statement marked as a label. Here label is a user-defined identifier which indicates the target statement. The statement immediately followed after ‘label:’ is the destination statement. The ‘label:’ can also appear before the ‘goto label;’ statement in the above syntax. 
Below is the implementation of the above approach:  
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
PHP
Javascript
// C++ program to find the sum of// N elements with goto statement #include <iostream>using namespace std; // Function to perform desired operationint operate(int array[], int N){    int sum = 0, index = 0; label:    sum += array[index++];     if (index < N) {         // backward jump of goto statement        goto label;    }     // return the sum    return sum;} // Driver Codeint main(){     // Get N    int N = 5, sum = 0;     // Input values of an array    int array[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };     // Find the sum    sum = operate(array, N);     // Print the sum    cout << sum;}
// C program to find the sum of// N elements with goto statement #include <stdio.h> // Function to perform desired operationint operate(int array[], int N){    int sum = 0, index = 0; label:    sum += array[index++];     if (index < N) {         // backward jump of goto statement        goto label;    }     // return the sum    return sum;} // Driver Codeint main(){     // Get N    int N = 5, sum = 0;     // Input values of an array    int array[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };     // Find the sum    sum = operate(array, N);     // Print the sum    printf("%d", sum);}
// Java program to find the sum of// N elementsclass GFG{  // Function to perform desired operation  static int operate(int array[], int N)  {    int sum = 0, index = 0;          while(true)    {      sum += array[index++];            if (index < N)      {         // backward jump of goto statement        continue;      }      else      {        break;      }    }     // return the sum    return sum;  }   // Driver code  public static void main(String[] args)  {     // Get N    int N = 5, sum = 0;     // Input values of an array    int array[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };     // Find the sum    sum = operate(array, N);     // Print the sum    System.out.print(sum);  }} // This code is contributed by divyeshrabaiya07
# Python3 program to find the sum of# N elements # Function to perform desired operationdef operate(array, N) :      Sum, index = 0, 0      while(True) :        Sum += array[index]        index += 1        if index < N :                       # backward jump of goto statement            continue        else :            break             # return the sum    return Sum     # Get NN, Sum = 5, 0 # Input values of an arrayarray = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ] # Find the sumSum = operate(array, N) # Print the sumprint(Sum) # This code is contributed by divyesh072019
// C# program to find the sum of// N elements with goto statementusing System; class GFG{// Function to perform desired operationstatic int operate(int[] array, int N){    int sum = 0, index = 0; label:    sum += array[index++];     if (index < N)    {         // backward jump of goto statement        goto label;    }     // return the sum    return sum;} // Driver Codepublic static void Main(){     // Get N    int N = 5, sum = 0;     // Input values of an array    int[] array = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };     // Find the sum    sum = operate(array, N);     // Print the sum    Console.Write(sum);}} // This code is contributed// by Akanksha Rai
<?php// PHP program to find the sum of N// elements with goto statementfunction operate($array, $N){    $sum = 0;    $index = 0;    label:        $sum += $array[$index++];                 if($index < $N)        {            // backward jump of goto statement            goto label;        }                 // return the sum        return $sum;} // Driver code$N = 5; $array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); echo operate($array, $N); // This code is contributed// by Mohit kumar 29?>
<script>    // Javascript program to find the sum of    // N elements         // Function to perform desired operation    function operate(array, N)    {      let sum = 0, index = 0;           while(true)      {        sum += array[index++];             if (index < N)        {           // backward jump of goto statement          continue;        }        else        {          break;        }      }       // return the sum      return sum;    }           // Get N    let N = 5, sum = 0;      // Input values of an array    let array = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];      // Find the sum    sum = operate(array, N);      // Print the sum    document.write(sum);         // This code is contributed by suresh07.</script>
15
 
mohit kumar 29
Akanksha_Rai
divyeshrabadiya07
divyesh072019
suresh07
surindertarika1234
C Language
C++
School Programming
CPP
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