Literals in Python

01 Sep, 2021
Generally, literals are a notation for representing a fixed value in source code. They can also be defined as raw value or data given in variables or constants. 
Example:
Python3
# Numeric literalsx = 24y = 24.3z = 2+3jprint(x, y, z)
24 24.3 (2+3j)
Here 24, 24.3, 2+3j are considered as literals. 
Python has different types of literals.
String literalsNumeric literalsBoolean literalsLiteral CollectionsSpecial literals
String literals
Numeric literals
Boolean literals
Literal Collections
Special literals
A string literal can be created by writing a text(a group of Characters ) surrounded by the single(”), double(“”), or triple quotes.  By using triple quotes we can write multi-line strings or display in the desired way. 
Example:
Python3
# string literals # in single quotes = 'geekforgeeks' # in double quotest = "geekforgeeks" # multi-line Stringm = '''geek           for               geeks''' print(s)print(t)print(m)
geekforgeeks
geekforgeeks
geek 
           for 
               geeks
Here geekforgeeks is string literal which is assigned to variable(s). 
It is also a type of string literals where a single character surrounded by single or double-quotes.
Example:
Python3
# character literal in single quotev = 'n' # character literal in double quotesw = "a" print(v)print(w)
n
a
They are  immutable and there are three types of numeric literal : 
IntegerFloatComplex.
Integer
Float
Complex.
 Both positive and negative numbers including 0. There should not be any fractional part.
Example:
Python3
# integer literal # Binary Literalsa = 0b10100 # Decimal Literalb = 50 # Octal Literalc = 0o320 # Hexadecimal Literald = 0x12b print(a, b, c, d)
20 50 208 299
In the program above we assigned integer literals (0b10100, 50, 0o320, 0x12b) into different variables. Here, ‘a‘ is binary literal, ‘b’ is a decimal literal, ‘c‘ is an octal literal and ‘d‘ is a hexadecimal literal. But on using print function to display value or to get output they were converted into decimal.
 These are real numbers having both integer and fractional parts.
Example:
Python3
# Float Literale = 24.8f = 45.0 print(e, f)
24.8 45.0
24.8 and 45.0 are floating-point literals because both 24.8 and 45.0 are floating-point numbers.
The numerals will be in the form of a + bj, where ‘a‘ is the real part and ‘b‘ is the complex part.
Example:
Python3
z = 7 + 5j # real part is 0 here.k = 7j print(z, k)
(7+5j) 7j
There are only two Boolean literals in Python. They are true and false.
Example:
Python3
a = (1 == True)b = (1 == False)c = True + 3d = False + 7 print("a is", a)print("b is", b)print("c:", c)print("d:", d)
a is True
b is False
c: 4
d: 7
In python, True represents the value as 1 and False represents the value as 0. In the above example ‘a‘ is True and ‘b‘ is False because 1 equal to True.
Example:
Python3
x = (1 == True)y = (2 == False)z = (3 == True)r = (1 == True)a = True + 10b = False + 10 print("x is", x)print("y is", y)print("z is", r)print("a:", a)print("b:", b)
x is True
y is False
z is True
a: 11
b: 10
There are four different types of literal collections
List literalsTuple literalsDict literalsSet literals
List literals
Tuple literals
Dict literals
Set literals
List contains items of different data types. The values stored in List are separated by comma (,) and enclosed within square brackets([]). We can store different types of data in a List. Lists are mutable.
Example : 
Python3
# List literalsnumber = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]name = ['Amit', 'kabir', 'bhaskar', 2]print(number)print(name)
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
['Amit', 'kabir', 'bhaskar', 2]
A tuple is a collection of different data-type.  It is enclosed by the parentheses ‘()‘ and each element is separated by the comma(,). It is immutable.
Example: 
Python3
# Tuple literalseven_number = (2, 4, 6, 8)odd_number = (1, 3, 5, 7) print(even_number)print(odd_number)
(2, 4, 6, 8)
(1, 3, 5, 7)
Dictionary stores the data in the key-value pair. It is enclosed by curly-braces ‘{}‘ and each pair is separated by the commas(,).  We can store different types of data in a dictionary. Dictionaries are mutable.
Example: 
Python3
# Dict literalsalphabets = {'a': 'apple', 'b': 'ball', 'c': 'cat'}information = {'name': 'amit', 'age': 20, 'ID': 20} print(alphabets)print(information)
{'a': 'apple', 'b': 'ball', 'c': 'cat'}
{'name': 'amit', 'age': 20, 'ID': 20}
 Set is the collection of the unordered data set. It is enclosed by the {} and each element is separated by the comma(,).
Example: we can create a set of vowels and fruits. 
Python3
# Set literalsvowels = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'}fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"} print(vowels)print(fruits)
{'o', 'e', 'a', 'u', 'i'}
{'apple', 'banana', 'cherry'}
Python contains one special literal (None). ‘None’ is used to define a null variable. If ‘None’ is compared with anything else other than a ‘None’, it will return false.
Example:
Python3
# Special literalswater_remain = Noneprint(water_remain)
None
chhabradhanvi
python-basics
Python
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