Find the lexicographically smallest sequence which can be formed by re-arranging elements of second array - GeeksforGeeks

17 Jun, 2021
Given two arrays A and B of N integers. Reorder the elements of B in itself in such a way that the sequence formed by (A[i] + B[i]) % N after re-ordering is the smallest lexicographically. The task is to print the lexicographically smallest sequence possible. Note: The array elements are in range [0, n).Examples:  
Input: a[] = {0, 1, 2, 1}, b[] = {3, 2, 1, 1} Output: 1 0 0 2 Reorder B to {1, 3, 2, 1} to get the smallest sequence possible. Input: a[] = {2, 0, 0}, b[] = {1, 0, 2} Output: 0 0 2  
 
Approach: The problem can be solved greedily. Initially keep a count of all the numbers of array B using hashing, and store them in the set in C++, so that lower_bound() [ To check for an element ] and erase() [ To erase an element ] operations can be done in logarithmic time. For every element in the array, check for a number equal or greater than n-a[i] using lower_bound function. If there are no such elements then take the smallest element in the set. Decrease the value by 1 in the hash table for the number used, if the hash table’s value is 0, then erase the element from the set also.However there is an exception if the array element is 0, then check for 0 at the first then for N, if both of them are not there, then take the smallest element. Below is the implementation of the above approach:  
CPP
// C++ implementation of the// above approach #include <bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std; // Function to get the smallest// sequence possiblevoid solve(int a[], int b[], int n){     // Hash-table to count the    // number of occurrences of b[i]    unordered_map<int, int> mpp;     // Store the element in sorted order    // for using binary search    set<int> st;     // Iterate in the B array    // and count the occurrences and    // store in the set    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {        mpp[b[i]]++;        st.insert(b[i]);    }     vector<int> sequence;     // Iterate for N elements    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {         // If the element is 0        if (a[i] == 0) {             // Find the nearest number to 0            auto it = st.lower_bound(0);            int el = *it;            sequence.push_back(el % n);             // Decrease the count            mpp[el]--;             // Erase if no more are there            if (!mpp[el])                st.erase(el);        }         // If the element is other than 0        else {             // Find the difference            int x = n - a[i];             // Find the nearest number which can give us            // 0 on modulo            auto it = st.lower_bound(x);             // If no such number occurs then            // find the number closest to 0            if (it == st.end())                it = st.lower_bound(0);             // Get the number            int el = *it;             // store the number            sequence.push_back((a[i] + el) % n);             // Decrease the count            mpp[el]--;             // If no more appears, then erase it from set            if (!mpp[el])                st.erase(el);        }    }     for (auto it : sequence)        cout << it << " ";} // Driver Codeint main(){    int a[] = { 0, 1, 2, 1 };    int b[] = { 3, 2, 1, 1 };    int n = sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]);    solve(a, b, n);    return 0;}
1 0 0 2
 
Akanksha_Rai
sumitgumber28
Binary Search
cpp-set
lexicographic-ordering
Arrays
Hash
Mathematical
Arrays
Hash
Mathematical
Binary Search
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