Python Pillow – Using Image Module

19 Nov, 2021
In this article, we will see how to work with Image Module of PIL in Python. First, let’s see how to install the PIL. 
Linux: On the Linux terminal type the following:
pip install Pillow
Installing pip via terminal:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-pip
Here, we will go through some methods and properties provided by the image module which are as follows:
Open Image,
Save Image,
Size of Image,
Rotate Image,
Crop Image,
Resize Image and many more.
 Let’s discuss this one by one with the help of some examples.
To open the image using PIL, we are using the open() method.
Syntax: PIL.Image.open(fp, mode=’r’, formats=None)
Python3
# importing Image from PILfrom PIL import Image # open an imageimg = Image.open('gfg.png')
Output:
To retrieve the size of the image we will use the property provided by the Image object i.e; Image.size property.
Syntax: Image.size
Python3
from PIL import Image   with Image.open("gfg.png") as image:    width, height = image.size print((width,height))
Output:
(200, 200)
To save the image, we are using Image.save() method.
Syntax: Image.save(fp, format=None, **params)
Parameters:
fp – A filename (string), pathlib.Path object or file object.
format – Optional format override. If omitted, the format to use is determined from the filename extension. If a file object was used instead of a filename, this parameter should always be used.
options – Extra parameters to the image writer.
Returns: None
Python3
from PIL import Image   img = Image.open("gfg.png") img.save("logo.jpg")
Output:
The image rotation needs an angle as a parameter to get the image rotated.
Syntax: Image.rotate(angle, resample=0, expand=0, center=None, translate=None, fillcolor=None)
Parameters:
angle – In degrees counterclockwise.
resample – An optional resampling filter.
expand – Optional expansion flag. If true, expands the output image to make it large enough to hold the entire rotated image.
center – Optional center of rotation (a 2-tuple). Origin is the upper left corner. Default is the center of the image.
translate – An optional post-rotate translation (a 2-tuple).
fillcolor – An optional color for area outside the rotated image.
Python3
from PIL import Image img = Image.open("gfg.png") rot_img = img.rotate(180) rot_img.save("rotated_gfg.png")
Output:
Original Image
Rotated Image
The Image.crop(box) takes a 4-tuple (left, upper, right, lower) pixel coordinate, and returns a rectangular region from the used image.
Syntax: PIL.Image.crop(box = None)
Parameters:
box – a 4-tuple defining the left, upper, right, and lower pixel coordinate.
Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular region as (left, upper, right, lower)-tuple).
Return: An Image object.
Python3
from PIL import Image #  open image and get sizeimg = Image.open("gfg.jpg")width, height = img.size # cropped image using coordinatesarea = (0, 0, width/2, height/2)crop_img = img.crop(area)crop_img.save("cropped_image.jpg")
Output:
Cropped Image
The Image.resize(size) is used to resize. Here size is provided as a 2-tuple width and height.
Syntax: Image.resize(size, resample=0)
Parameters:
size – The requested size in pixels, as a 2-tuple: (width, height).
resample – An optional resampling filter. This can be one of PIL.Image.NEAREST (use nearest neighbour), PIL.Image.BILINEAR (linear interpolation), PIL.Image.BICUBIC (cubic spline interpolation), or PIL.Image.LANCZOS (a high-quality downsampling filter). If omitted, or if the image has mode “1” or “P”, it is set PIL.Image.NEAREST.
Returns type: An Image object.
Python3
from PIL import Image img = Image.open("gfg.png")width, height = img.size    #resizing the image img = img.resize((width//2, height//2))       img.save("resized_picture.png")
Output:
Resized Image
The second argument can be a 2-tuple (specifying the top left corner), or a 4-tuple (left, upper, right, lower) – in this case, the size of the pasted image must match the size of this box region or None which is equivalent to (0, 0). 
Syntax: PIL.Image.Image.paste(image_1, image_2, box=None, mask=None)
OR 
             image_object.paste(image_2, box=None, mask=None)
Parameters:
image_1/image_object : It the image on which other image is to be pasted.
image_2: Source image or pixel value (integer or tuple).
box: An optional 4-tuple giving the region to paste into. If a 2-tuple is used instead, it’s treated as the upper left corner. If omitted or None, the source is pasted into the upper left corner.
mask: An optional mask image.
If an image is given as the second argument and there is no third, the box defaults to (0, 0), and the second argument is interpreted as a mask image.
Python3
from PIL import Image img1 = Image.open("gfg.jpg") #pasting img2 on img1img2 = Image.open("gfg.png")img1.paste(img2, (50, 50)) img1.save("pasted_picture.jpg")
Output: 
This feature gives us the mirror image of an image
Syntax: Transpose image (flip or rotate in 90 degree steps)
Parameters:
method – One of PIL.Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT, PIL.Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM, PIL.Image.ROTATE_90, PIL.Image.ROTATE_180, PIL.Image.ROTATE_270 or PIL.Image.TRANSPOSE.
Returns type: An Image object.
Python3
from PIL import Image img = Image.open("gfg.png")      #flipping the image by 180 degree horizontallytransposed_img = img.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)        transposed_img.save("transposed.png")
Output:
Original
Transposed Image
This method creates a thumbnail of the image that is opened. It does not return a new image object, it makes in-place modifications to the currently opened image object itself. If you do not want to change the original image object, create a copy and then apply this method. This method also evaluates the appropriate to maintain the aspect ratio of the image according to the size passed.
Syntax: Image.thumbnail(size, resample=3)
Parameters:
size – Requested size.
resample – Optional resampling filter.
Returns Type: An Image object.
Python3
from PIL import Image img = Image.open("gfg.png") img.thumbnail((200, 200)) img.save("thumb.png")
Output:
Thumbnail of 200 x 200 pixels
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