Python - Lists

The most basic data structure in Python is the sequence. Each element of a sequence is assigned a number - its position or index. The first index is zero, the second index is one, and so forth.
Python has six built-in types of sequences, but the most common ones are lists and tuples, which we would see in this tutorial.
There are certain things you can do with all sequence types. These operations include indexing, slicing, adding, multiplying, and checking for membership. In addition, Python has built-in functions for finding the length of a sequence and for finding its largest and smallest elements.
The list is a most versatile datatype available in Python which can be written as a list of comma-separated values (items) between square brackets. Important thing about a list is that items in a list need not be of the same type.
Creating a list is as simple as putting different comma-separated values between square brackets. For example −
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
list3 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]

Similar to string indices, list indices start at 0, and lists can be sliced, concatenated and so on.
To access values in lists, use the square brackets for slicing along with the index or indices to obtain value available at that index. For example −
#!/usr/bin/python

list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ];
print "list1[0]: ", list1[0]
print "list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5]
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
list1[0]:  physics
list2[1:5]:  [2, 3, 4, 5]

You can update single or multiple elements of lists by giving the slice on the left-hand side of the assignment operator, and you can add to elements in a list with the append() method. For example −
#!/usr/bin/python

list = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
print "Value available at index 2 : "
print list[2]
list[2] = 2001;
print "New value available at index 2 : "
print list[2]
Note − append() method is discussed in subsequent section.
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
Value available at index 2 :
1997
New value available at index 2 :
2001

To remove a list element, you can use either the del statement if you know exactly which element(s) you are deleting or the remove() method if you do not know. For example −
#!/usr/bin/python

list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
print list1
del list1[2];
print "After deleting value at index 2 : "
print list1
When the above code is executed, it produces following result −
['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]
After deleting value at index 2 :
['physics', 'chemistry', 2000]

Note − remove() method is discussed in subsequent section.
Lists respond to the + and * operators much like strings; they mean concatenation and repetition here too, except that the result is a new list, not a string.
In fact, lists respond to all of the general sequence operations we used on strings in the prior chapter.
Because lists are sequences, indexing and slicing work the same way for lists as they do for strings.
Assuming following input −
L = ['spam', 'Spam', 'SPAM!']

Python includes the following list functions −
Compares elements of both lists.
Gives the total length of the list.
Returns item from the list with max value.
Returns item from the list with min value.
Converts a tuple into list.
Python includes following list methods
Appends object obj to list
Returns count of how many times obj occurs in list
Appends the contents of seq to list
Returns the lowest index in list that obj appears
Inserts object obj into list at offset index
Removes and returns last object or obj from list
Removes object obj from list
Reverses objects of list in place
Sorts objects of list, use compare func if given

    187 Lectures 
     17.5 hours 

 Malhar Lathkar

    55 Lectures 
     8 hours 

 Arnab Chakraborty

    136 Lectures 
     11 hours 

 In28Minutes Official

    75 Lectures 
     13 hours 

 Eduonix Learning Solutions

    70 Lectures 
     8.5 hours 

 Lets Kode It

    63 Lectures 
     6 hours 

 Abhilash Nelson
 Print
 Add Notes
 Bookmark this page