Program to find if a character is vowel or Consonant

08 Mar, 2022
Given a character, check if it is vowel or consonant. Vowels are ‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘o’ and ‘u’. All other characters (‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘f’ ....) are consonants.
Examples:  
Input : x = 'c'
Output : Consonant

Input : x = 'u'
Output : Vowel
We check whether the given character matches any of the 5 vowels. If yes, we print “Vowel”, else we print “Consonant”. 
C++
Java
Python3
C#
PHP
Javascript
// CPP program to check if a given character// is vowel or consonant.#include <iostream>using namespace std; // Function to check whether a character is// vowel or notvoid vowelOrConsonant(char x){    if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||                   x == 'o' || x == 'u')        cout << "Vowel" << endl;    else        cout << "Consonant" << endl} // Driver codeint main(){    vowelOrConsonant('c');    vowelOrConsonant('e');    return 0;}
// java program to check if a given// character is vowel or consonant.import java.io.*; public class GFG {     // Function to check whether a    // character is vowel or not    static void vowelOrConsonant(char x)    {        if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||                          x == 'o' || x == 'u')            System.out.println("Vowel");        else            System.out.println("Consonant");    }     // Driver code    static public void main(String[] args)    {        vowelOrConsonant('c');        vowelOrConsonant('e');    }} // This code is contributed by vt_m.
# Python3 program to check if a given# character is vowel or consonant. # Function to check whether a character# is vowel or notdef vowelOrConsonant(x):     if (x == 'a' or x == 'e' or        x == 'i' or x == 'o' or x == 'u'):        print("Vowel")    else:        print("Consonant") # Driver codevowelOrConsonant('c')vowelOrConsonant('e')     # This code is contributed by# mohit kumar 29
// C# program to check if a given// character is vowel or consonant.using System; public class GFG {     // Function to check whether a    // character is vowel or not    static void vowelOrConsonant(char x)    {        if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||                          x == 'o' || x == 'u')            Console.WriteLine("Vowel");        else            Console.WriteLine("Consonant");    }     // Driver code    static public void Main()    {        vowelOrConsonant('c');        vowelOrConsonant('e');    }} // This code is contributed by vt_m.
<?php// PHP program to check if a given// character is vowel or consonant. // Function to check whether a// character is vowel or notfunction vowelOrConsonant($x){    if ($x == 'a' || $x == 'e' ||        $x == 'i' || $x == 'o' ||        $x == 'u')        echo "Vowel" . "\n";    else        echo "Consonant" . "\n";} // Driver codevowelOrConsonant('c');vowelOrConsonant('e'); // This code is contributed// by Akanksha Rai?>
<script>    // Javascript program to check if a given    // character is vowel or consonant.         // Function to check whether a    // character is vowel or not    function vowelOrConsonant(x)    {        if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' || x == 'o' || x == 'u')            document.write("Vowel" + "</br>");        else            document.write("Consonant" + "</br>");    }           vowelOrConsonant('c');      vowelOrConsonant('e');         // This code is contributed by mukesh07.</script>
Output: 
Chapters
descriptions off, selected
captions settings, opens captions settings dialog
captions off, selected
English
This is a modal window.
Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window.
End of dialog window.
Consonant
Vowel
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
How to handle capital letters as well?  
C++
Java
Python3
C#
PHP
Javascript
// C++ program to check if a given character// is vowel or consonant.#include <iostream>using namespace std; // Function to check whether a character is// vowel or notvoid vowelOrConsonant(char x){    if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||        x == 'o' || x == 'u' || x == 'A' ||        x == 'E' || x == 'I' || x == 'O' || x == 'U')        cout << "Vowel" << endl;    else        cout << "Consonant" << endl;} // Driver codeint main(){    vowelOrConsonant('c');    vowelOrConsonant('E');    return 0;}
// Java program to check if a given// character is vowel or consonantimport java.io.*; public class GFG {     // Function to check whether a    // character is vowel or not    static void vowelOrConsonant(char x)    {        if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||            x == 'o' || x == 'u' || x == 'A' ||            x == 'E' || x == 'I' || x == 'O' || x == 'U')            System.out.println("Vowel");        else            System.out.println("Consonant");    }     // Driver code    static public void main(String[] args)    {        vowelOrConsonant('c');        vowelOrConsonant('E');    }} // This article is contributed by vt_m.
# Python3 program to check if a given# character is vowel or consonant. # Function to check whether a# character is vowel or notdef vowelOrConsonant(x):    if (x == 'a' or x == 'e' or x == 'i' or        x == 'o' or x == 'u' or x == 'A' or        x == 'E' or x == 'I' or x == 'O' or        x == 'U'):        print("Vowel")    else:        print("Consonant") # Driver codeif __name__ == '__main__':    vowelOrConsonant('c')    vowelOrConsonant('E') # This code is contributed by# Sanjit_Prasad
// C# program to check if a given// character is vowel or consonantusing System;public class GFG {     // Function to check whether a    // character is vowel or not    static void vowelOrConsonant(char x)    {        if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||            x == 'o' || x == 'u' || x == 'A' ||            x == 'E' || x == 'I' || x == 'O' || x == 'U')            Console.WriteLine("Vowel");        else            Console.WriteLine("Consonant");    }     // Driver code    static public void Main()    {        vowelOrConsonant('c');        vowelOrConsonant('E');    }} // This article is contributed by vt_m.
<?php// PHP program to check if a given character// is vowel or consonant. // Function to check whether a// character is vowel or notfunction vowelOrConsonant($x){    if ($x == 'a' || $x == 'e' || $x == 'i' ||        $x == 'o' || $x == 'u' || $x == 'A' ||        $x == 'E' || $x == 'I' || $x == 'O' ||        $x == 'U')        echo "Vowel" . "\n";    else        echo "Consonant" . "\n";} // Driver codevowelOrConsonant('c');vowelOrConsonant('E'); // This code is contributed// by Akanksha Rai?>
<script> // Javascript program to check if a// given character is vowel or consonant. // Function to check whether a character is// vowel or notfunction vowelOrConsonant(x){    if (x == 'a' || x == 'e' || x == 'i' ||        x == 'o' || x == 'u' || x == 'A' ||        x == 'E' || x == 'I' || x == 'O' || x == 'U')        document.write("Vowel" + "</br>");    else        document.write("Consonant" + "</br>");} // Driver codevowelOrConsonant('c');vowelOrConsonant('E'); // This code is contributed by rameshtravel07 </script>
Output: 
Consonant
Vowel
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
using switch case
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
Javascript
#include <iostream> using namespace std; int isVowel(char ch){    int check = 0;    switch (ch) {    case 'a':    case 'e':    case 'i':    case 'o':    case 'u':    case 'A':    case 'E':    case 'I':    case 'O':    case 'U':        check = 1;    }    return check;} // Driver Codeint main(){    cout << "a is " << isVowel('a')         << endl; // 1 means Vowel    cout << "x is " << isVowel('x')         << endl; // 0 means Consonant     return 0;}
#include <stdio.h> int isVowel(char ch){    int check = 0;    switch (ch) {    case 'a':    case 'e':    case 'i':    case 'o':    case 'u':    case 'A':    case 'E':    case 'I':    case 'O':    case 'U':        check = 1;    }    return check;} int main(){    printf("a is %d\n",           isVowel('a')); // 1 means Vowel    printf("x is %d\n",           isVowel('x')); // 0 means Consonant     return 0;}
/*package whatever //do not write package name here */ import java.io.*; class GFG {    static int isVowel(char ch)    {        int check = 0;        switch (ch) {        case 'a':        case 'e':        case 'i':        case 'o':        case 'u':        case 'A':        case 'E':        case 'I':        case 'O':        case 'U':            check = 1;        }        return check;    }       // Driver Code    public static void main(String[] args)    {         System.out.println("a is " + isVowel('a'));        System.out.println("x is " + isVowel('x'));    }}
def isVowel(ch):    switcher = {        'a': "Vowel",        'e': "Vowel",        'i': "Vowel",        'o': "Vowel",        'u': "Vowel",        'A': "Vowel",        'E': "Vowel",        'I': "Vowel",        'O': "Vowel",        'U': "Vowel"    }    return switcher.get(ch, "Consonant") # Driver Codeprint('a is '+isVowel('a'))print('x is '+isVowel('x'))
using System; class GFG{  static int isVowel(char ch)  {    int check = 0;    switch (ch) {      case 'a':        check = 1;        break;      case 'e':        check = 1;        break;      case 'i':        check = 1;        break;      case 'o':        check = 1;        break;      case 'u':        check = 1;        break;      case 'A':        check = 1;        break;      case 'E':        check = 1;        break;      case 'I':        check = 1;        break;      case 'O':        check = 1;        break;      case 'U':        check = 1;        break;    }    return check;  }   // Driver code  static public void Main ()  {    Console.WriteLine("a is " + isVowel('a'));    Console.WriteLine("x is " + isVowel('x'));  }} // This code is contributed by rag2127
<script> function isVowel(ch){    var check = 0;    switch (ch) {    case 'a':    case 'e':    case 'i':    case 'o':    case 'u':    case 'A':    case 'E':    case 'I':    case 'O':    case 'U':        check = 1;    }    return check;} // Driver Code // 1 means Voweldocument.write("a is " + isVowel('a') + "<br>"); // 0 means Consonantdocument.write("x is " + isVowel('x') + "<br>"); // This code is contributed by Shivani </script>
a is 1
x is 0
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Another way is to find() the character in a string containing only Vowels.
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
Javascript
#include <iostream>#include <string> using namespace std; int isVowel(char ch){    // Make the list of vowels    string str = "aeiouAEIOU";    return (str.find(ch) != string::npos);} // Driver codeint main(){    cout << "a is " << isVowel('a') << endl;    cout << "x is " << isVowel('x') << endl;     return 0;}
#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h> int isVowel(char ch){    // Make the list of vowels    char str[] = "aeiouAEIOU";    return (strchr(str, ch) != NULL);} // Driver Codeint main(){    printf("a is %d\n", isVowel('a'));    printf("x is %d\n", isVowel('x'));    return 0;}
/*package whatever //do not write package name here */ import java.io.*; class GFG {    static int isVowel(char ch)    {        // Make the list of vowels        String str = "aeiouAEIOU";        return (str.indexOf(ch) != -1) ? 1 : 0;    }       // Driver Code    public static void main(String[] args)    {        System.out.println("a is " + isVowel('a'));        System.out.println("x is " + isVowel('x'));    }}
def isVowel(ch):     # Make the list of vowels    str = "aeiouAEIOU"    return (str.find(ch) != -1) # Driver Codeprint('a is '+str(isVowel('a')))print('x is '+str(isVowel('x')))
// C# program to implement// the above approachusing System;class GFG{     static int isVowel(char ch){  // Make the list of vowels  string str = "aeiouAEIOU";  return (str.IndexOf(ch) != -1) ?          1 : 0;}  // Driver code static void Main(){  Console.WriteLine("a is " + isVowel('a'));  Console.WriteLine("x is " + isVowel('x'));}} // This code is contributed by divyeshrabadiya07
<script>/*package whatever //do not write package name here */         function isVowel(ch)    {        // Make the list of vowels        let str = "aeiouAEIOU";        return (str.indexOf(ch) != -1) ? 1 : 0;    }         // Driver Code    document.write("a is " + isVowel('a')+"<br>");    document.write("x is " + isVowel('x')+"<br>");      // This code is contributed by patel2127</script>
a is 1
x is 0
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(1) Most efficient way to check Vowel using bit shift :
In ASCII these is the respective values of every vowel both in lower and upper cases.
a
e
i
o
u
 
A
E
I
O
U
 
As very lower and upper case vowels have the same 5 LSBs. We need a number 0x208222 which gives 1 in its LSB after right-shift 1, 5, 19, 15 otherwise gives 0.  The numbers depend on character encoding.
 
 
C++
C
Java
Python3
C#
Javascript
#include <iostream>using namespace std; int isVowel(char ch){    return (0x208222 >> (ch & 0x1f)) & 1;    // same as (2130466 >> (ch & 31)) & 1;} // Driver Codeint main(){    cout << "a is " << isVowel('a') << endl;    cout << "x is " << isVowel('x') << endl;     return 0;}
#include <stdio.h> int isVowel(char ch){    return (0x208222 >> (ch & 0x1f)) & 1;    // same as (2130466 >> (ch & 31)) & 1;} // Driver Codeint main(){    printf("a is %d\n", isVowel('a'));    printf("x is %d\n", isVowel('x'));     return 0;}
/*package whatever //do not write package name here */ import java.io.*; class GFG{    static int isVowel(char ch)    {        return (0x208222 >> (ch & 0x1f)) & 1;        // same as (2130466 >> (ch & 31)) & 1;    }       // Driver Code    public static void main(String[] args)    {        System.out.println("a is " + isVowel('a'));        System.out.println("x is " + isVowel('x'));    }}
def isVowel(ch):     return (0x208222 >> (ord(ch) & 0x1f)) & 1    # same as (2130466 >> (ord(ch) & 31)) & 1; # Driver Codeprint('a is '+str(isVowel('a')))print('x is '+str(isVowel('x')))
// C# implementation of above approachusing System;class GFG {         static int isVowel(char ch)    {        return (0x208222 >> (ch & 0x1f)) & 1;               // same as (2130466 >> (ch & 31)) & 1;    }      // Driver code  static void Main()  {    Console.WriteLine("a is " + isVowel('a'));    Console.WriteLine("x is " + isVowel('x'));  }} // This code is contributed by divesh072019
<script>     function isVowel(ch)    {        return (0x208222 >> (ch.charCodeAt(0) & 0x1f)) & 1;        // same as (2130466 >> (ch & 31)) & 1;    }         // Driver Code    document.write("a is " + isVowel('a')+"<br>");    document.write("x is " + isVowel('x')+"<br>");      // This code is contributed by unknown2108</script>
a is 1
x is 0
Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)*We can omit the ( ch & 0x1f ) part on X86 machines as the result of SHR/SAR (which is >> ) masked to 0x1f automatically.
*For machines bitmap check is faster than table check, but if the ch variable stored in register than it may perform faster.
 
vt_m
mohit kumar 29
Akanksha_Rai
Sanjit_Prasad
meghnagupta812
scorchingeagle
divyeshrabadiya07
divyesh072019
rag2127
mukesh07
rameshtravel07
patel2127
unknown2108
shivanisinghss2110
rohitsingh07052
vowel-consonant
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