Replacing strings with numbers in Python for Data Analysis - GeeksforGeeks

05 Feb, 2018
Sometimes we need to convert string values in a pandas dataframe to a unique integer so that the algorithms can perform better. So we assign unique numeric value to a string value in Pandas DataFrame.
Note: Before executing create an example.csv file containing some names and gender
Say we have a table containing names and gender column. In gender column, there are two categories male and female and suppose we want to assign 1 to male and 2 to female.
Examples:
Input : 
---------------------
    |  Name  |  Gender
---------------------
 0    Ram        Male
 1    Seeta      Female
 2    Kartik     Male
 3    Niti       Female
 4    Naitik     Male 

Output :
    |  Name  |  Gender
---------------------
 0    Ram        1
 1    Seeta      2
 2    Kartik     1
 3    Niti       2
 4    Naitik     1 

Method 1:
To create a dictionary containing two 
elements with following key-value pair:
Key       Value
male      1
female    2

Then iterate using for loop through Gender column of DataFrame and replace the values wherever the keys are found.
# import pandas libraryimport pandas as pd  # creating file handler for # our example.csv file in# read modefile_handler = open("example.csv", "r")  # creating a Pandas DataFrame# using read_csv function # that reads from a csv file.data = pd.read_csv(file_handler, sep = ",")  # closing the file handlerfile_handler.close()  # creating a dict file gender = {'male': 1,'female': 2}  # traversing through dataframe# Gender column and writing# values where key matchesdata.Gender = [gender[item] for item in data.Gender]print(data)
Output :
    |  Name  |  Gender
---------------------
 0    Ram        1
 1    Seeta      2
 2    Kartik     1
 3    Niti       2
 4    Naitik     1 

Method 2:Method 2 is also similar but requires no dictionary file and takes fewer lines of code. In this, we internally iterate through Gender column of DataFrame and change the values if the condition matches.
# import pandas libraryimport pandas as pd  # creating file handler for# our example.csv file in# read modefile_handler = open("example.csv", "r")  # creating a Pandas DataFrame# using read_csv function that# reads from a csv file.data = pd.read_csv(file_handler, sep = ",")  # closing the file handlerfile_handler.close()  # traversing through Gender # column of dataFrame and # writing values where# condition matches.data.Gender[data.Gender == 'male'] = 1data.Gender[data.Gender == 'female'] = 2print(data)
Output :
    |  Name  |  Gender
---------------------
 0    Ram        1
 1    Seeta      2
 2    Kartik     1
 3    Niti       2
 4    Naitik     1 

Applications
This technique can be applied in Data Science. Suppose if we are working on a dataset that contains gender as ‘male’ and ‘female’ then we can assign numbers like ‘0’ and ‘1’ respectively so that our algorithms can work on the data.This technique can also be applied to replace some particular values in a datasets with new values.
This technique can be applied in Data Science. Suppose if we are working on a dataset that contains gender as ‘male’ and ‘female’ then we can assign numbers like ‘0’ and ‘1’ respectively so that our algorithms can work on the data.
This technique can also be applied to replace some particular values in a datasets with new values.
References
https://pandas.pydata.org
https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/tutorials.html
Python
Writing code in comment?
Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org,
generate link and share the link here.
Python Dictionary
How to Install PIP on Windows ?
Enumerate() in Python
Different ways to create Pandas Dataframe
Iterate over a list in Python
*args and **kwargs in Python
Reading and Writing to text files in Python
Create a Pandas DataFrame from Lists
Convert integer to string in Python
Check if element exists in list in Python