geom_area plot with areas and outlines in ggplot2 in R - GeeksforGeeks

24 Oct, 2021
An Area Plot helps us to visualize the variation in quantitative quantity with respect to some other quantity. It is simply a line chart where the area under the plot is colored/shaded. It is best used to study the trends of variation over a period of time, where we want to analyze the value of one variable change over a period of time or respect to any other variable.
In this article, we will discuss how to draw an area plot in the R Programming Language using the ggplot2 package. To do so we use the geom_area() function that helps us create the area plot layer.
Syntax: geom_area(mapping, data , stat , position)
Argument:
mapping: determines the aesthetic mapping usually constructed with aes() function.
data: determines the data frame to be used for mapping.
stat: determines the statistical transformation.
position: determines the position adjustment for overlapping points.
Example:
Here is a basic area plot using the geom_area() function.
R
# create dataframeset.seed(1234)df <- data.frame(value =round(c(rnorm(2000,                                      mean=100,                                      sd=7))))  # import libraries ggplot2library(ggplot2)    # create area plot ggplot(df, aes(x=value)) + geom_area(stat = "bin")
Output:
We can customize the color of the plot fill, outline as well as line type of outline using the color, fill, and linetype parameters of the geom_area() function.
Syntax: plot + geom_area( color, fill, linetype, alpha)
Parameters: 
color: determines the color of the outline of the area plot.
fill:  determines the color of background fill.
linetype: determines the type of outline in the plot.
alpha: determines the transparency of plot fill.
Example:
Here is an area plot with green color fill and a green outline with a dashed line and 50% transparency.
R
# create dataframeset.seed(1234)df <- data.frame(value =round(c(rnorm(2000,                                      mean=100,                                      sd=7))))  # import libraries ggplot2library(ggplot2)    # create area plot# color, fill and linetype parameters# are used for color customization ggplot(df, aes(x=value)) +             geom_area(stat = "bin", color = "#2bab53",                       fill = "#2bab53", linetype = "dashed",                       alpha = 0.5)
Output:
To create an outline plot using the geom_area() function, we create a basic area plot with transparency set to zero percent using the alpha parameter of the geom_area() function.
Syntax: geom_area( alpha=0 )
Example:
Here, is an outline plot with a green outline made using the geom_area() function.
R
# create dataframeset.seed(1234)df <- data.frame(value =round(c(rnorm(2000,                                      mean=100,                                      sd=7))))  # import libraries ggplot2library(ggplot2)    # create area plot# alpha as zero is used for converting area plot to line plot ggplot(df, aes(x=value)) +             geom_area(stat = "bin", color = "#2bab53",                      alpha = 0)
Output:
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