Array vs Matrix in R Programming - GeeksforGeeks

11 Jun, 2021
The data structure is a particular way of organizing data in a computer so that it can be used effectively. The idea is to reduce the space and time complexities of different tasks. Data structures in R programming are tools for holding multiple values. The two most important data structures in R are Arrays and Matrices.  
Arrays are data storage objects in R containing more than or equal to 1 dimension. Arrays can contain only a single data type. The array() function is an in-built function which takes input as a vector and arranges them according to dim argument. Array is an iterable object, where the array elements are indexed, accessed and modified individually. Operations on array can be performed with similar structures and dimensions. Uni-dimensional arrays are called vectors in R. Two-dimensional arrays are called matrices. 
Syntax: array(array1, dim = c (r, c, m), dimnames = list(c.names, r.names, m.names))Parameters: array1: a vector of values dim: contains the number of matrices, m of the specified number of rows and columns dimnames: contain the names for the dimensions
Example: 
Python3
# R program to illustrate an array # creating a vectorvector1 <- c("A", "B", "C")# declaring a character arrayuni_array <- array(vector1)print("Uni-Dimensional Array")print(uni_array) # creating another vectorvector <- c(1:12)# declaring 2 numeric multi-dimensional# array with size 2x3multi_array <- array(vector, dim = c(2, 3, 2))print("Multi-Dimensional Array")print(multi_array)
Output:  
[1] "Uni-Dimensional Array"
[1] "A" "B" "C"
[1] "Multi-Dimensional Array"
, , 1

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    3    5
[2,]    2    4    6

, , 2

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    7    9   11
[2,]    8   10   12
 
Matrix in R is a table-like structure consisting of elements arranged in a fixed number of rows and columns. All the elements belong to a single data type. R contains an in-built function matrix() to create a matrix. Elements of a matrix can be accessed by providing indexes of rows and columns. The arithmetic operation, addition, subtraction, and multiplication can be performed on matrices with the same dimensions. Matrices can be easily converted to data frames CSVs. 
Syntax: matrix(data, nrow, ncol, byrow)Parameters: data: contain a vector of similar data type elements. nrow: number of rows. ncol: number of columns. byrow: By default matrices are in column-wise order. So this parameter decides how to arrange the matrix
Example:  
Python3
# R program to illustrate a matrix A = matrix(    # Taking sequence of elements    c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9),         # No of rows and columns    nrow = 3, ncol = 3,      # By default matrices are    # in column-wise order    # So this parameter decides    # how to arrange the matrix             byrow = TRUE                            ) print(A)
Output:  
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    2    3
[2,]    4    5    6
[3,]    7    8    9
 
 
 
sooda367
Picked
R-Arrays
R-Matrix
R Language
Writing code in comment?
Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org,
generate link and share the link here.
Filter data by multiple conditions in R using Dplyr
Loops in R (for, while, repeat)
How to change Row Names of DataFrame in R ?
Change Color of Bars in Barchart using ggplot2 in R
Group by function in R using Dplyr
How to Change Axis Scales in R Plots?
How to Split Column Into Multiple Columns in R DataFrame?
R Programming Language - Introduction
K-Means Clustering in R Programming
Replace Specific Characters in String in R