Python Random Module

14 Dec, 2021
Python Random module is an in-built module of Python which is used to generate random numbers. These are pseudo-random numbers means these are not truly random. This module can be used to perform random actions such as generating random numbers, print random a value for a list or string, etc.
Example: Printing a random value from a list
Python3
# import randomimport random  # prints a random value from the listlist1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]print(random.choice(list1))
Output:
2
As stated above random module creates pseudo-random numbers. Random numbers depend on the seeding value. For example, if the seeding value is 5 then the output of the below program will always be the same.
Example: Creating random numbers with seeding value
Python3
import random  random.seed(5)  print(random.random())print(random.random())
Output:
0.6229016948897019
0.7417869892607294
The output of the above code will always be the same. Therefore, it must not be used for encryption.
Let’s discuss some common operations performed by this module.
random.randint() method is used to generate random integers between the given range.
Syntax :
randint(start, end)
Example: Creating random integers
Python3
# Python3 program explaining work# of randint() function  # import random moduleimport random  # Generates a random number between# a given positive ranger1 = random.randint(5, 15)print("Random number between 5 and 15 is % s" % (r1))  # Generates a random number between# two given negative ranger2 = random.randint(-10, -2)print("Random number between -10 and -2 is % d" % (r2))
Output:
Random number between 5 and 15 is 7
Random number between -10 and -2 is -9
random.random() method is used to generate random floats between 0.0 to 1.
Syntax: 
random.random()
Example:
Python3
# Python3 program to demonstrate# the use of random() function .      # import randomfrom random import random      # Prints random itemprint(random())
Output:
0.3717933555623072
random.choice() function is used to return a random item from a list, tuple, or string.
Syntax:
random.choice(sequence)
Example: Selecting random elements from the list, string, and tuple
Python3
# Python3 program to demonstrate the use of# choice() method  # import randomimport random  # prints a random value from the listlist1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]print(random.choice(list1))  # prints a random item from the stringstring = "geeks"print(random.choice(string))  # prints a random item from the tupletuple1 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)print(random.choice(tuple1))
Output:
2
k
5
random.shuffle() method is used to shuffle a sequence (list). Shuffling means changing the position of the elements of the sequence. Here, the shuffling operation is inplace.
Syntax:
random.shuffle(sequence, function)
Example: Shuffling a List
Python3
# import the random moduleimport random    # declare a listsample_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  print("Original list : ")print(sample_list)  # first shufflerandom.shuffle(sample_list)print("\nAfter the first shuffle : ")print(sample_list)  # second shufflerandom.shuffle(sample_list)print("\nAfter the second shuffle : ")print(sample_list)
Output:
Original list : 
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

After the first shuffle : 
[4, 3, 5, 2, 1]

After the second shuffle : 
[1, 3, 4, 5, 2]
mishrapriyank17
Python-random
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