jQuery | Traversing - GeeksforGeeks

16 Mar, 2022
In jQuery, traversing means moving through or over the HTML elements to find, filter or select a particular or entire element.Based on the traversing purposes following methods are Categorized as follows:
Tree Traversing:
Ancestors:
parent()it gives parent element of specified selectorSyntax:$(selector).parent();
$(selector).parent();
parents()it gives all ancestor elements of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).parents();
$(selector).parents();
parentsUntil()it gives all ancestor elements between specified selector and arguments.Syntax:$(selector).parentsUntil(selector, filter element)
$(selector).parentsUntil(element, filter element)

$(selector).parentsUntil(selector, filter element)

$(selector).parentsUntil(element, filter element)

offsetParent()it gives the first positioned parent element of specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).offsetParent();
$(selector).offsetParent();
closest()it gives the first ancestor of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).closest(selector);$(selector).closest(selector, context);$(selector).closest(selection);$(selector).closest(element);
$(selector).closest(selector);
$(selector).closest(selector, context);
$(selector).closest(selection);
$(selector).closest(element);
Descendants:
children()it gives the children of each selected elements, optionally filtered by a selector.Syntax:$(selector).children();

$(selector).children();

find()it gives descendant elements of specified elements, filtered by a selector, jQuery object, or element.Syntax:$(selector).find('selector to find');
$(selector).find('selector to find');
Siblings:
siblings()it gives all siblings of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).siblings();
$(selector).siblings();
next()it gives the next sibling element of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).next();

$(selector).next();

nextAll()it gives all next sibling elements of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).nextAll();

$(selector).nextAll();

nextUntil()it gives all next sibling elements between specified selector and arguments.Syntax:$(selector).nextUntil();

$(selector).nextUntil();

prev()it gives the previous sibling element of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).prev(selector);
$(selector).prev()

$(selector).prev(selector);

$(selector).prev()

prevAll()it gives all previous sibling elements of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).prevAll(selector, filter element)
$(selector).prevAll(element, filter element)

$(selector).prevAll(selector, filter element)

$(selector).prevAll(element, filter element)

prevUntil()it gives all previous sibling elements between specified selector and arguments.Syntax:$(selector).prevUntil(selector, filter element)
$(selector).prevUntil(element, filter element)

$(selector).prevUntil(selector, filter element)

$(selector).prevUntil(element, filter element)

Filtering
first()it gives the first element of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).first();

$(selector).first();

last()it gives the last element of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).last();

$(selector).last();

eq()it gives an element with a specific index number of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).eq(index);
$(selector).eq( indexFromEnd );

$(selector).eq(index);

$(selector).eq( indexFromEnd );

filter()it remove/detect an elements that are matched with specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).filter(selector)$(selector).filter(function)$(selector).filter(selection)$(selector).filter(elements)
$(selector).filter(selector)
$(selector).filter(function)
$(selector).filter(selection)
$(selector).filter(elements)
has()it gives all elements that have one or more elements within, that are matched with specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).has(selector);

$(selector).has(selector);

is()it checks if one of the specified selector is matched with arguments.Syntax:.is( selector ).is( function ).is( selection ).is( elements )
.is( selector )
.is( function )
.is( selection )
.is( elements )
map()Pass each element in the current matched set through a function, producing a new jQuery object containing the return valuesSyntax:.map( callback )
.map( callback )
slice()it selects a subset of specified selector based on its argument index or by start and stop value.Syntax:$(selector).slice(start, end );
$(selector).slice(start);

$(selector).slice(start, end );

$(selector).slice(start);

Miscellaneous Traversing
add()it add all elements to set of matched elements to manipulate them at the same time.Syntax:$(selector).add(selector to add);
$(selector).add(selector to add);
addBack()it add the previous set of elements on the stack to the current set, optionally filtered by a selector.Syntax:$(selector).addBack();
$(selector).addBack();
andSelf()Deprecated 1.8 which is alias of addBack().Syntax:$(selector).addSelf();
$(selector).addSelf();
contents()it gives all direct children, including text and comment nodes, of the specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).contents();
$(selector).contents();
not()it gives all elements that do not match with specified selector.Syntax:$(selector).not(selector);
$(selector).not(selector);
end()it is most recent filtering operation in the current chain and return the set of matched elements to its previous state and it doesn’t accept any arguments.Syntax:$(selector).each(callback function);

$(selector).each(callback function);

Collection Manipulation
each()it iterates over the DOM elements and execute call back function
Example 1:
<!DOCTYPE html><html>  <head>    <style>        .siblings * {            display: block;            border: 2px solid lightgrey;            color: lightgrey;            padding: 5px;            margin: 15px;        }    </style>    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js">  </script>    <script>        $(document).ready(function() {            $("h2").siblings().css({                "color": "red",                "border": "2px solid red"            });            $("h2").parent().css({                "color": "green",                "border": "2px solid blue"            });            $("p").first().css(              "background-color", "yellow");            $("p").has("span").css(              "background-color", "indigo");          });    </script></head>  <body class="siblings">      <div>GeeksforGeeks (parent)        <p>GeeksforGeeks</p>        <p><span>GeeksforGeeks</span></p>        <h2>GeeksforGeeks</h2>        <h3>GeeksforGeeks</h3>        <p>GeeksforGeeks</p>    </div>  </body>  </html>
Output:
Example 2:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en">  <head>    <meta charset="utf-8">    <style>        p {            color: grey;            margin: 10px;            padding: 10px;        }                  form {            margin: 10px;            padding: 10px;        }                  #article b {            color: blue;            font-weight: bold;        }                  label {            color: green;            font-weight: bold;        }    </style>    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.js">    </script></head>  <body>      <p><em>Hello</em>GeeksforGeeks</p>    <p id="article"><b>Article Info: </b></p>    <form>        <label>Article Title:</label>        <input type="text"               name="article"                value="jQuery |                      Traversing Example 2" />        <br>        <br>        <label>Author:</label>        <input type="text"               name="author"               value="Vignesh" />        <br>        <br>        <label>Author's Email id:</label>        <input type="text"               name="author"                value="vignesh@gmail.com" />        <br>        <br>        <label>Website:</label>        <input type="text"                name="url"               value="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/" />        <br>        <br>    </form>      <script>        $("#article")            .append($("input").map(function() {                    return $(this).val();                })                .get()                .join(", "));    </script>    <script>        $("p")            .find("em")            .end()            .css("border", "2px red solid");    </script>  </body>  </html>
Output
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