C++ Mathematical Functions - GeeksforGeeks

25 Nov, 2021
C++ being superset of C, supports large number of useful mathematical functions. These functions are available in standard C++ and C to support various mathematical calculations. Instead of focusing on implementation, these functions can be directly used to simplify code and programs. C++ provides large set of mathematical functions which are stated below – In order to use these functions you need to include header file- <math.h> or <cmath>.  
double sin(double) : This function takes angle (in degree) as an argument and return its sine value that could be verified using sine curve.double cos(double) : This function takes angle (in degree) as an argument and return its cosine value that could be verified using cosine curve.double tan(double) : This function takes angle (in degree) as an argument and return its tangent value. This could also be verified using Trigonometry as Tan(x) = Sin(x)/Cos(x).double sqrt(double) : This function takes number as an argument and return its square root value. Number can not be negative value.int abs(int) : This function takes integer number as an argument and return its absolute value. It means, the output will always be positive regardless of sign of input.double pow(double, double) : This function takes one argument as base and other as exponent.double hypot(double, double) : This function requires two sides of the right angled triangle to give output as its hypotenuse.double floor(double) : This functions returns the integer value lesser or equal to argument passed in the function.double fabs(double) : This function returns the absolute value of any number.double acos(double) : This function returns the arc cosine of argument. The argument to acos() must be in the range -1 to 1 ; otherwise, a domain error occurs.double asin(double) : This function returns the arc sine of argument. The argument to asin() must be in the range -1 to 1 ; otherwise, a domain error occurs.double atan(double) : This function returns the arc tangent of arg.double atan2(double, double) : This function returns the arc tangent of (double a)/(double b).double ceil(double) : This function returns the smallest integer as double not less than the argument provided.double cosh(double) : This function returns the hyperbolic cosine of argument provided. The value of argument provided must be in radians.double tanh(double) : This function returns the hyperbolic tangent of argument provided. The value of argument provided must be in radians.double log(double) : This function takes a number and returns the natural log of that number.
double sin(double) : This function takes angle (in degree) as an argument and return its sine value that could be verified using sine curve.
double cos(double) : This function takes angle (in degree) as an argument and return its cosine value that could be verified using cosine curve.
double tan(double) : This function takes angle (in degree) as an argument and return its tangent value. This could also be verified using Trigonometry as Tan(x) = Sin(x)/Cos(x).
double sqrt(double) : This function takes number as an argument and return its square root value. Number can not be negative value.
int abs(int) : This function takes integer number as an argument and return its absolute value. It means, the output will always be positive regardless of sign of input.
double pow(double, double) : This function takes one argument as base and other as exponent.
double hypot(double, double) : This function requires two sides of the right angled triangle to give output as its hypotenuse.
double floor(double) : This functions returns the integer value lesser or equal to argument passed in the function.
double fabs(double) : This function returns the absolute value of any number.
double acos(double) : This function returns the arc cosine of argument. The argument to acos() must be in the range -1 to 1 ; otherwise, a domain error occurs.
double asin(double) : This function returns the arc sine of argument. The argument to asin() must be in the range -1 to 1 ; otherwise, a domain error occurs.
double atan(double) : This function returns the arc tangent of arg.
double atan2(double, double) : This function returns the arc tangent of (double a)/(double b).
double ceil(double) : This function returns the smallest integer as double not less than the argument provided.
double cosh(double) : This function returns the hyperbolic cosine of argument provided. The value of argument provided must be in radians.
double tanh(double) : This function returns the hyperbolic tangent of argument provided. The value of argument provided must be in radians.
double log(double) : This function takes a number and returns the natural log of that number.
 
CPP
// C++ program to illustrate some of the// above mentioned functions #include <iostream>#include <math.h>using namespace std; int main(){    double x = 2.3;    cout << "Sine value of x=2.3 : " << sin(x) << endl;    cout << "Cosine value of x=2.3 : " << cos(x) << endl;    cout << "Tangent value of x=2.3 : " << tan(x) << endl;     double y = 0.25;    cout << "Square root value of y=0.25 : " << sqrt(y) << endl;     int z = -10;    cout << "Absolute value of z=-10 : " << abs(z) << endl;    cout << "Power value: x^y = (2.3^0.25) : " << pow(x, y) << endl;     x = 3.0;    y = 4.0;    cout << "Hypotenuse having other two sides as x=3.0 and"         << " y=4.0 : " << hypot(x, y) << endl;     x = 4.56;    cout << "Floor value of x=4.56 is : " << floor(x) << endl;     x = -4.57;    cout << "Absolute value of x=-4.57 is : " << fabs(x) << endl;     x = 1.0;    cout << "Arc Cosine value of x=1.0 : " << acos(x) << endl;    cout << "Arc Sine value of x=1.0 : " << asin(x) << endl;    cout << "Arc Tangent value of x=1.0 : " << atan(x) << endl;     y = 12.3;    cout << "Ceiling value of y=12.3 : " << ceil(y) << endl;     x = 57.3; // in degrees    cout << "Hyperbolic Cosine of x=57.3 : " << cosh(x) << endl;    cout << "Hyperbolic tangent of x=57.3 : " << tanh(x) << endl;     y = 100.0;    // Natural base with 'e'    cout << "Log value of y=100.0 is : " << log(y) << endl;     return 0;}
Sine value of x=2.3 : 0.745705
Cosine value of x=2.3 : -0.666276
Tangent value of x=2.3 : -1.11921
Square root value of y=0.25 : 0.5
Absolute value of z=-10 : 10
Power value: x^y = (2.3^0.25) : 1.23149
Hypotenuse having other two sides as x=3.0 and y=4.0 : 5
Floor value of x=4.56 is : 4
Absolute value of x=-4.57 is : 4.57
Arc Cosine value of x=1.0 : 0
Arc Sine value of x=1.0 : 1.5708
Arc Tangent value of x=1.0 : 0.785398
Ceiling value of y=12.3 : 13
Hyperbolic Cosine of x=57.3 : 3.83746e+24
Hyperbolic tangent of x=57.3 : 1
Log value of y=100.0 is : 4.60517
 
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