Make Notepad using Tkinter

07 Sep, 2021
Let’s see how to create a simple notepad in Python using Tkinter. This notepad GUI will consist of various menu like file and edit, using which all functionalities like saving the file, opening a file, editing, cut and paste can be done.
Now for creating this notepad, Python 3 and Tkinter should already be installed in your system. You can download suitable python package as per system requirement. After you have successfully installed python you need to install Tkinter (a Python’s GUI package).
Use this command to install Tkinter : 
pip install python-tk
Importing Tkinter :
Python
import tkinterimport osfrom tkinter import * # To get the space above for messagefrom tkinter.messagebox import * # To get the dialog box to open when requiredfrom tkinter.filedialog import *
Note : messagebox is used to write the message in the white box called notepad and filedialog is used for the dialog box to appear when you are opening file from anywhere in your system or saving your file in a particular position or place.   Adding Menu :
Python
# Add controls(widget) self.__thisTextArea.grid(sticky = N + E + S + W) # To open new fileself.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "New",                                command = self.__newFile) # To open a already existing fileself.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "Open",                                command = self.__openFile) # To save current fileself.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "Save",                                command = self.__saveFile) # To create a line in the dialogself.__thisFileMenu.add_separator() # To terminateself.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "Exit",                                command = self.__quitApplication)self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label = "File",                               menu = self.__thisFileMenu) # To give a feature of cutself.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label = "Cut",                                command = self.__cut) # To give a feature of copyself.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label = "Copy",                                command = self.__copy) # To give a feature of pasteself.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label = "Paste",                                command = self.__paste) # To give a feature of editingself.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label = "Edit",                               menu = self.__thisEditMenu) # To create a feature of description of the notepadself.__thisHelpMenu.add_command(label = "About Notepad",                                command = self.__showAbout)self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label = "Help",                               menu = self.__thisHelpMenu) self.__root.config(menu = self.__thisMenuBar) self.__thisScrollBar.pack(side = RIGHT, fill = Y) # Scrollbar will adjust automatically# according to the contentself.__thisScrollBar.config(command = self.__thisTextArea.yview)self.__thisTextArea.config(yscrollcommand = self.__thisScrollBar.set)
With this code we will add the menu in the windows of our notepad and will add the things like copy, paste, save etc, to it.   Adding The Functionality :
Python
def __quitApplication(self):    self.__root.destroy()    # exit() def __showAbout(self):    showinfo("Notepad", "Mrinal Verma") def __openFile(self):             self.__file = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt",                                  filetypes=[("All Files","*.*"),                                      ("Text Documents","*.txt")])     if self.__file == "":         # no file to open        self.__file = None    else:        # try to open the file        # set the window title        self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")        self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0,END)         file = open(self.__file,"r")         self.__thisTextArea.insert(1.0,file.read())         file.close()          def __newFile(self):    self.__root.title("Untitled - Notepad")    self.__file = None    self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0,END) def __saveFile(self):     if self.__file == None:        #save as new file        self.__file = asksaveasfilename(initialfile='Untitled.txt',                                        defaultextension=".txt",                                        filetypes=[("All Files","*.*"),                                            ("Text Documents","*.txt")])         if self.__file == "":            self.__file = None        else:                         # try to save the file            file = open(self.__file,"w")            file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0,END))            file.close()            # change the window title            self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")                                  else:        file = open(self.__file,"w")        file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0,END))        file.close() def __cut(self):    self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Cut>>") def __copy(self):    self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Copy>>") def __paste(self):    self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Paste>>")
In this we have added all the functionality that is required in the notepad, you can add other functionality too in this like the font size, font color, bold, underlined, etc. 
Main Code After Merging All :
Python
import tkinterimport os   from tkinter import *from tkinter.messagebox import *from tkinter.filedialog import * class Notepad:     __root = Tk()     # default window width and height    __thisWidth = 300    __thisHeight = 300    __thisTextArea = Text(__root)    __thisMenuBar = Menu(__root)    __thisFileMenu = Menu(__thisMenuBar, tearoff=0)    __thisEditMenu = Menu(__thisMenuBar, tearoff=0)    __thisHelpMenu = Menu(__thisMenuBar, tearoff=0)         # To add scrollbar    __thisScrollBar = Scrollbar(__thisTextArea)        __file = None     def __init__(self,**kwargs):         # Set icon        try:                self.__root.wm_iconbitmap("Notepad.ico")        except:                pass         # Set window size (the default is 300x300)         try:            self.__thisWidth = kwargs['width']        except KeyError:            pass         try:            self.__thisHeight = kwargs['height']        except KeyError:            pass         # Set the window text        self.__root.title("Untitled - Notepad")         # Center the window        screenWidth = self.__root.winfo_screenwidth()        screenHeight = self.__root.winfo_screenheight()             # For left-align        left = (screenWidth / 2) - (self.__thisWidth / 2)                 # For right-align        top = (screenHeight / 2) - (self.__thisHeight /2)                 # For top and bottom        self.__root.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (self.__thisWidth,                                              self.__thisHeight,                                              left, top))         # To make the textarea auto resizable        self.__root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)        self.__root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)         # Add controls (widget)        self.__thisTextArea.grid(sticky = N + E + S + W)                 # To open new file        self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="New",                                        command=self.__newFile)                    # To open a already existing file        self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="Open",                                        command=self.__openFile)                 # To save current file        self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="Save",                                        command=self.__saveFile)            # To create a line in the dialog               self.__thisFileMenu.add_separator()                                                self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="Exit",                                        command=self.__quitApplication)        self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label="File",                                       menu=self.__thisFileMenu)                     # To give a feature of cut        self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label="Cut",                                        command=self.__cut)                         # to give a feature of copy           self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label="Copy",                                        command=self.__copy)                         # To give a feature of paste        self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label="Paste",                                        command=self.__paste)                         # To give a feature of editing        self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label="Edit",                                       menu=self.__thisEditMenu)                     # To create a feature of description of the notepad        self.__thisHelpMenu.add_command(label="About Notepad",                                        command=self.__showAbout)        self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label="Help",                                       menu=self.__thisHelpMenu)         self.__root.config(menu=self.__thisMenuBar)         self.__thisScrollBar.pack(side=RIGHT,fill=Y)                                    # Scrollbar will adjust automatically according to the content               self.__thisScrollBar.config(command=self.__thisTextArea.yview)            self.__thisTextArea.config(yscrollcommand=self.__thisScrollBar.set)                  def __quitApplication(self):        self.__root.destroy()        # exit()     def __showAbout(self):        showinfo("Notepad","Mrinal Verma")     def __openFile(self):                 self.__file = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt",                                      filetypes=[("All Files","*.*"),                                        ("Text Documents","*.txt")])         if self.__file == "":                         # no file to open            self.__file = None        else:                         # Try to open the file            # set the window title            self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")            self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0,END)             file = open(self.__file,"r")             self.__thisTextArea.insert(1.0,file.read())             file.close()              def __newFile(self):        self.__root.title("Untitled - Notepad")        self.__file = None        self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0,END)     def __saveFile(self):         if self.__file == None:            # Save as new file            self.__file = asksaveasfilename(initialfile='Untitled.txt',                                            defaultextension=".txt",                                            filetypes=[("All Files","*.*"),                                                ("Text Documents","*.txt")])             if self.__file == "":                self.__file = None            else:                                 # Try to save the file                file = open(self.__file,"w")                file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0,END))                file.close()                                 # Change the window title                self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")                                      else:            file = open(self.__file,"w")            file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0,END))            file.close()     def __cut(self):        self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Cut>>")     def __copy(self):        self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Copy>>")     def __paste(self):        self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Paste>>")     def run(self):         # Run main application        self.__root.mainloop()    # Run main applicationnotepad = Notepad(width=600,height=400)notepad.run()
To run this code, save it by the extension .py and then open cmd(command prompt) and move to the location of the file saved and then write the following 
python "filename".py 
and press enter and it will run. Or can be run directly by simply double clicking your .py extension file. 
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