Java Unary Operator with Examples

11 Apr, 2022
Operators constitute the basic building block to any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they provide. Here are a few types:
Arithmetic OperatorsUnary OperatorsAssignment OperatorRelational OperatorsLogical OperatorsTernary OperatorBitwise OperatorsShift Operators
Arithmetic Operators
Unary Operators
Assignment Operator
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Ternary Operator
Bitwise Operators
Shift Operators
Java unary operators are the types that need only one operand to perform any operation like increment, decrement, negation, etc. It consists of various arithmetic, logical and other operators that operate on a single operand. Let’s look at the various unary operators in detail and see how they operate. 
This operator can be used to convert a positive value to a negative one. 
Syntax: 
~(operand)
Illustration: 
a = -10
Example:
Java
// Java Program to Illustrate Unary - Operator // Importing required classesimport java.io.*; // Main classclass GFG {     // Main driver method    public static void main(String[] args)    {        // Declaring a custom variable        int n1 = 20;         // Printing the above variable        System.out.println("Number = " + n1);         // Performing unary operation        n1 = -n1;         // Printing the above result number        // after unary operation        System.out.println("Result = " + n1);    }}
Number = 20
Result = -20
This is used to convert true to false or vice versa. Basically, it reverses the logical state of an operand.
Syntax: 
!(operand)
Illustration: 
cond = !true;
// cond < false
Example:
Java
// Java Program to Illustrate Unary NOT Operator // Importing required classesimport java.io.*; // Main classclass GFG {     // Main driver method    public static void main(String[] args)    {        // Initializing variables        boolean cond = true;        int a = 10, b = 1;         // Displaying values stored in above variables        System.out.println("Cond is: " + cond);        System.out.println("Var1 = " + a);        System.out.println("Var2 = " + b);         // Displaying values stored in above variables        // after applying unary NOT operator        System.out.println("Now cond is: " + !cond);        System.out.println("!(a < b) = " + !(a < b));        System.out.println("!(a > b) = " + !(a > b));    }}
Cond is: true
Var1 = 10
Var2 = 1
Now cond is: false
!(a < b) = true
!(a > b) = false
 
It is used to increment the value of an integer. It can be used in two separate ways: 
3.1: Post-increment operator
When placed after the variable name, the value of the operand is incremented but the previous value is retained temporarily until the execution of this statement and it gets updated before the execution of the next statement. 
Syntax: 
num++
Illustration: 
num = 5
num++ = 6
3.2: Pre-increment operator
When placed before the variable name, the operand’s value is incremented instantly.
Syntax: 
++num
Illustration: 
num = 5
++num = 6
It is used to decrement the value of an integer. It can be used in two separate ways: 
4.1: Post-decrement operator
When placed after the variable name, the value of the operand is decremented but the previous values is retained temporarily until the execution of this statement and it gets updated before the execution of the next statement. 
Syntax: 
num--
Illustration: 
num = 5
num-- = 4
4.2: Pre-decrement operator
When placed before the variable name, the operand’s value is decremented instantly. 
Syntax: 
--num
Illustration:
num = 5
--num = 4
This unary operator returns the one’s complement representation of the input value or operand, i.e, with all bits inverted, which means it makes every 0 to 1, and every 1 to 0. 
Syntax: 
~(operand)
Illustration: 
a = 5 [0101 in Binary]
result = ~5

This performs a bitwise complement of 5
~0101 = 1010 = 10 (in decimal)

Then the compiler will give 2’s complement
of that number.
2’s complement of 10 will be -6.
result = -6
Example:
Java
// Java program to Illustrate Unary// Bitwise Complement Operator // Importing required classesimport java.io.*; // Main classclass GFG {     // Main driver method    public static void main(String[] args)    {        // Declaring a variable        int n1 = 6, n2 = -2;         // Printing numbers on console        System.out.println("First Number = " + n1);        System.out.println("Second Number = " + n2);         // Printing numbers on console after        // performing bitwise complement        System.out.println(            n1 + "'s bitwise complement = " + ~n1);        System.out.println(            n2 + "'s bitwise complement = " + ~n2);    }}
First Number = 6
Second Number = -2
6's bitwise complement = -7
-2's bitwise complement = 1
 
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