Introduction of Embedded Systems | Set-1

09 Jun, 2022
Before going to the overview of Embedded System, Let’s first know the two basic things i.e embedded and system, and what actually do they mean. 
What is a System? 
In simple, a system is a set of interrelated parts/components which are designed/developed to perform a common tasks or to do some specific work for which it has been created. 
What does Embedded mean? 
Embedded means including something with anything for a reason. Or in simple we can say something which is integrated or attached to another thing. Now after getting what actually system and embedded mean we can easily understand what is Embedded Systems. 
What are Embedded Systems? 
An Embedded System is an integrated system which is formed as an combination of computer hardware and software for a specific function. It can be said as a dedicated computer system which has been developed for some particular reason. But it is not our traditional computer system or general-purpose computers, these are the Embedded systems which may work independently or attached to a larger system to work on few specific functions. These embedded systems can work without human intervention or with little human intervention. 
Three main components of Embedded systems are:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Firmware 
Digital watches
Washing Machine
Toys
Televisions
Digital phones
Laser Printer
Cameras
Industrial machines
Electronic Calculators
Automobiles
Medical Equipment
Mostly Embedded systems are present everywhere. We use it in our everyday life unknowingly as in most of the cases it is integrated insides the larger systems. So, here are some of the application areas of Embedded systems:
Home appliances
Transportation
Health care
Business sector & offices
Defense sector
Aerospace
Agricultural Sector
Performs specific task: Embedded systems performs some specific function or tasks.Low Cost: The price of an embedded system is not so expensive.Time Specific: It performs the tasks with in a certain time frame.Low Power: Embedded Systems don’t require much power to operate.High Efficiency: The efficiency level of embedded systems are so high.Minimal User interface: These systems require less user interface and easy to use.Less Human intervention: Embedded systems require no human intervention or very less human intervention.Highly Stable: Embedded systems not change frequently mostly fixed maintaining stability.High Reliability: Embedded systems are reliable they perform the tasks consistently well.Use microprocessors or micro controllers: Embedded systems use microprocessors or micro controllers to design and use limited memory.
Performs specific task: Embedded systems performs some specific function or tasks.
Low Cost: The price of an embedded system is not so expensive.
Time Specific: It performs the tasks with in a certain time frame.
Low Power: Embedded Systems don’t require much power to operate.
High Efficiency: The efficiency level of embedded systems are so high.
Minimal User interface: These systems require less user interface and easy to use.
Less Human intervention: Embedded systems require no human intervention or very less human intervention.
Highly Stable: Embedded systems not change frequently mostly fixed maintaining stability.
High Reliability: Embedded systems are reliable they perform the tasks consistently well.
Use microprocessors or micro controllers: Embedded systems use microprocessors or micro controllers to design and use limited memory.
Small size.
Enhanced real-time performance.
Easily customizable for a specific application.
High development cost.
Time-consuming design process.
As it application-specific less market available. 
Top Embedded Programming Languages: Embedded systems can be programmed using different programming languages like Embedded C, Embedded C++, Embedded Java, Embedded Python. However it entirely depends on the developer to use which programming language for the development of the embedded systems.
akshaybotre203
Computer Organization & Architecture
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