Heterogeneous Data in R

24 Feb, 2021
Data structures are a logical way or representing as per requirement. They further help depict this logical view physically in computer memory. In the R language, data structures can be classified into two groups, namely homogeneous and heterogeneous.
Homogeneous Data Structures: This type can only store a single type of data inside them(integer, character, etc.),
Heterogeneous Data Structures: This type can store more than one type of data at the same time.
R supports two ways of representing heterogeneous data, namely lists and dataframe. Both structures are discussed in detail below:
1) Lists :
Lists are single-dimensional heterogeneous data types.
A list can represent more than one data type at a time.
We can simply use the list() function to create a list.
Lists are similar to vectors, however, vectors are homogeneous and lists are heterogeneous.
Another interesting property of lists is that we can store lists inside other lists(like simple recursion). Due to this reason, Lists are also referred to as “Recursive Vectors“.
Example:
R
list_ex = list(Ch="R language", numbers = 5:1, fl=FALSE)  print(list_ex)
Output:
$Ch
[1] “R language”
$numbers
[1]  5 4 3 2 1
$fl
[1] FALSE
Example: Recursive vectors
R
list_ex2<-list(list(1,"R language",FALSE), list("Python",2,"Language"),               list("Hello",FALSE,"World"))  str(list_ex2)
Output:
List of 3
$ :List of 3
 ..$ : num 1
 ..$ : chr “R language”
 ..$ : logi FALSE
$ :List of 3
 ..$ : chr “Python” 
 ..$ : num 2
 ..$ : chr “Language”
$ :List of 3
 ..$ : chr “Hello”
 ..$ : logi FALSE
 ..$ : chr “World”          
2) Data Frames:
In the R language, a data frame is a two-dimensional heterogeneous table-like structure
They are simply lists of vectors that have equal lengths.
Data frames make data analysis easier when they are used systematically,
In the R language, we use the data.frames() function to create data frames.
A data frame in R must follow the following rules :A data frame must have column names and each column must contain equal amount of items,Each row in a data frame must have a unique name,Each entry in a column must have same data type,Different columns can have same or different data types.
A data frame must have column names and each column must contain equal amount of items,
Each row in a data frame must have a unique name,
Each entry in a column must have same data type,
Different columns can have same or different data types.
Example:
R
employee_id <- c(1:4)  employee_name <- c("Abdul", "Anshul", "Vishal", "Riya")employee_salary <- c("45000", "90000", "25000", "75000")employee_designation <- c("Software Engineer", "Senior Manager", "Intern","Manager")  employee.data <- data.frame(employee_id , employee_name, employee_salary,                            employee_designation)  employee.data
Output:
Picked
R Data-types
Technical Scripter 2020
R Language
Technical Scripter
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