Nested Queries in PyMongo - GeeksforGeeks

08 Jun, 2020
MongoDB is a NoSQL document-oriented database. It does not give much importance for relations or can also be said as it is schema-free.
PyMongo is a Python module that can be used to interact between the mongo database and Python applications. The data that is exchanged between the Python application and the mongo database is in Binary JSON format.
To fetch a particular record from the MongoDB document, querying plays an important role. Getting the right data as soon as possible to make the right decision is necessary. Here are some of the multiple query request techniques.
To use $and, $or and $not MongoDB operators, the outer dictionary key must be one of the query operators; and dictionary parameters must be in a Python list and that Python list must be the value of the key.
Syntax :
query = { 
          '$and' : [
               { operand_query_1},
               { operand_query_2} 
                   ]
         }
Example 1 : Create a collection called lecturers and retrieve using find().
import pprintfrom pymongo import MongoClient    client = MongoClient()  Database = client["GFG"]lecturers = Database["lecture"]  lecturers.insert_many([   {"l_id":56, "d_id":1, "salary":50000},   {"l_id":57, "d_id":3, "salary":40000},   {"l_id":58, "d_id":4, "salary":90000},   {"l_id":59, "d_id":2, "salary":50000},   {"l_id":52, "d_id":1, "salary":70000},   {"l_id":53, "d_id":5, "salary":30000}])  # retrieving the documentsfor x in lecturers.find():    pprint.pprint(x)
Output :
Query 1 : Display the lecturer records with salary less than 50000 and arrange in ascending order.
# lecturer records with salary less # than 50000 and arrange in ascending order.pprint.pprint(list(lecturers.find({"salary":                                  {'$lt':50000}}).sort('salary', 1)))
Output :
Query 2 : Display lecturer records with salary greater than 40000 in department_id 1 and sort according to their salary in descending order.
# lecturer records with salary greater than 40000# in department_id 1 and sort according to their # salary in descending order.pprint.pprint(list(lecturers.find({'$and':                                   [{"d_id":1},                                    {"salary":                                     {'$gte':50000}}]}).sort("salary", -1)))
Output :
Example 2 : Create a collection called books and retrieve using find().
import pprintfrom pymongo import MongoClientimport datetime    client = MongoClient()Database = client["GFG"]books = Database["book"]  books.insert_many([    {"author":"Samsuel", "book_id":54, "ratings":3,     "publish":datetime.datetime(1999, 12, 6)},          {"author":"Thomson", "book_id":84, "ratings":4,     "publish":datetime.datetime(1996, 7, 12)},          {"author":"Piyush Agarwal", "book_id":34, "ratings":1,     "publish":datetime.datetime(2000, 9, 6)},          {"author":"Shreya Mathur", "book_id":12, "ratings":2,      "publish":datetime.datetime(2017, 8, 8)},          {"author":"Antony Sharma", "book_id":98, "ratings":4,      "publish":datetime.datetime(2003, 11, 5)},])  # retrieving the documentsfor x in books.find():    pprint.pprint(x)
Output :
Query 1 : Display the record of books with ratings greater than 3 published after 2000.
# books with ratings greater than 3 published after 2000pprint.pprint(list(books.find({'$and':                               [{"ratings":                                 {'$gt':3}},                                {"publish":                                 {'$gt':datetime.datetime(2000, 12, 31)                                 }                                }                               ]                              }                             )                  )             )
Output :
Query 2 : Display the record of the books with ratings greater than 1 and published between the year 1999 and 2016, sort in decreasing order.
# between 1999-2016query ={'$and':        [{"publish":          {'$gte':datetime.datetime(1999, 1, 1)}},          {"publish":          {'$lte':datetime.datetime(2016, 12, 31)}}]}  # books with ratings greater than 1# and published between the year # 1999-2016, sort in decreasing order.pprint.pprint(list(books.find({'$and':                               [{"ratings":                                 {'$gt':1}},                                query]}).sort("publish", -1)))
Output :
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