REGULATION (EC) No 2110/2005 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 14 December 2005
on access to Community external assistance
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Articles 179 and 181a thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),
After consulting the Committee of the Regions,
Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty (2),
Whereas:
(1)
The practice of tying the granting of aid, directly or indirectly, to the purchase of goods and services procured by means of that aid in the donor country reduces its effectiveness and is not coherent with a pro-poor development policy. The untying of aid is not an aim in itself, but should be used as a tool to cross-fertilise other elements in the fight against poverty, such as ownership, regional integration and capacity building, with a focus on empowering local and regional suppliers of goods and services in developing countries.
(2)
In March 2001, the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) adopted a ‘Recommendation on Untying Official Development Assistance to the Least Developed Countries’ (3). The Member States adopted that recommendation and the Commission recognised the spirit of this Recommendation as a guidance for Community aid.
(3)
On 14 March 2002, the General Affairs Council held in parallel with the European Council in Barcelona in preparation for the International Conference on Financing for Development, convened in Monterrey on 18 to 22 March 2002, concluded that the European Union would ‘implement the DAC Recommendation on untying of aid to Least Developed Countries and continue discussions in view of further untying bilateral aid. The EU will also consider steps towards further untying of Community aid while maintaining the existing system of price preferences of the EU-ACP framework’.
(4)
On 18 November 2002, the Commission adopted a communication to the Council and to the European Parliament entitled ‘Untying: Enhancing the effectiveness of aid’. It presented the Commission’s views on the issue and possible options for the implementation of the abovementioned Barcelona commitment within the EU Aid Assistance system.
(5)
In its Conclusions on the Untying of Aid of 20 May 2003 the Council underlined the need to further untie Community aid. It agreed to the modalities detailed on the abovementioned Communication and decided on the options proposed.
(6)
On 4 September 2003, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on the abovementioned Commission communication (4), in which it noted the need to further untie Community aid. It supported the modalities detailed in that Communication and agreed to the options proposed. It highlighted the need for further debate geared towards more untying on the basis of further studies and documented proposals, and called explicitly for ‘a clear preference for local and regional cooperation, prioritising - in ranking order - suppliers from the recipient country, neighbouring developing countries, and other developing countries’, in order to strengthen the efforts of the recipient countries to improve their own production at national, regional, local and family level, as well as actions aimed at improving the availability and accessibility to the public of foodstuffs and basic services, consistent with local habits and production and trading systems.
(7)
Several elements need to be addressed in order to define access to Community external assistance. The rules of eligibility governing access by persons are laid down in Article 3. The rules governing the engagement of experts and the origin of supplies and materials purchased by eligible persons are laid down in Articles 4 and 5 respectively. The definition and modalities of implementation of reciprocity are set out in Article 6. Derogations and their implementation are provided for in Article 7. Specific provisions concerning operations financed through an international organisation or a regional organisation, or co-financed with a third country, are laid down in Article 8. Specific provisions concerning humanitarian aid are laid down in Article 9.
(8)
Access to Community external assistance is defined in the basic acts regulating such assistance, in conjunction with Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1605/2002 of 25 June 2002 on the Financial Regulation applicable to the general budget of the European Communities (5) (hereinafter the Financial Regulation). The changes made by this Regulation to access to Community aid entail amendments to all those instruments. All the modifications to the basic acts concerned are listed in Annex I to this Regulation.
(9)
When awarding tenders under a Community instrument, special consideration will be given to respect for internationally agreed core labour standards of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), e.g. the conventions on freedom of association and collective bargaining, elimination of forced and compulsory labour, elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation, and the abolition of child labour.
(10)
When awarding tenders under a Community instrument, special consideration will be given to respect for the following internationally agreed environmental conventions: the Convention on Biological Diversity of 1992, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety of 2000 and the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1997,
HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
Scope
This Regulation lays down the rules for access by interested parties to Community external assistance instruments financed by the general budget of the European Union, as listed in Annex I.
Article 2
Definitions
For the interpretation of the terms used in this Regulation, reference is made to the Financial Regulation and to Commission Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002 of 23 December 2002 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1605/2002 on the Financial Regulation applicable to the general budget of the European Communities (6).
Article 3
Rules of eligibility
1. Participation in the award of procurement or grant contracts financed under a Community instrument shall be open to all legal persons who are established in a Member State of the European Community, in an official candidate country as recognised by the European Community or in a Member State of the European Economic Area.
2. Participation in the award of procurement or grant contracts financed under a Community instrument with thematic scope, as defined in Annex I, Part A, shall be open to all legal persons who are established in a developing country, as specified in the OECD Development Assistance Committee list set out in Annex II, in addition to those legal persons already eligible by virtue of the instrument concerned.
3. Participation in the award of procurement or grant contracts financed under a Community instrument with geographical scope, as defined in Annex I, Part B, shall be open to all legal persons who are established in a developing country as specified in the OECD Development Assistance Committee list set out in Annex II and who are expressly mentioned as eligible, and to those already stated to be eligible by the instrument concerned.
4. Participation in the award of procurement or grant contracts financed under a Community instrument shall be open to all legal persons who are established in any country other than those referred in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of this Article, where reciprocal access to their external assistance has been established pursuant to Article 6.
5. Participation in the award of procurement or grant contracts financed under a Community instrument shall be open to international organisations.
6. The above is without prejudice to the participation of categories of organisations eligible for the award of any contract, or to the exception set out in Article 114(1) of the Financial Regulation.
Article 4
Experts
All experts engaged by tenderers as defined in Articles 3 and 8 may be of any nationality. This Article is without prejudice to the qualitative and financial requirements set out in the Community’s procurement rules.
Article 5
Rules of origin
All supplies and materials purchased under a contract financed under a Community instrument must originate from the Community or from an eligible country as defined in Articles 3 and 7 herein. The term ‘origin’ for the purpose of this Regulation is defined in the relevant Community legislation on rules of origin for customs purposes.
Article 6
Reciprocity with third countries
1. Reciprocal access to the Community’s external assistance shall be granted for a country falling within the scope of Article 3(4), whenever such country grants eligibility on equal terms to the Member States and to the recipient country concerned.
2. The granting of reciprocal access to the Community’s external assistance shall be based on a comparison between the EU and other donors and shall proceed at sectoral level, as defined by the OECD Development Assistance Committee categories, or at country level, regardless of whether the country concerned is a donor or a recipient country. The decision to grant such reciprocity to a donor country shall be based on the transparency, consistency and proportionality of the aid provided by that donor, including its qualitative and quantitative nature.
3. Reciprocal access to the Community’s external assistance shall be established by means of a specific decision concerning a given country or a given regional group of countries. Such a decision shall be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission (7) under the procedures and relevant committee associated with the act concerned. The right of the European Parliament to be regularly informed pursuant to Article 7(3) of that Decision shall be fully respected. Such a decision shall run for a minimum period of one year.
4. Reciprocal access to the Community’s external assistance in the least developed countries as listed in Annex II shall be automatically granted to the third countries listed in Annex III.
5. The recipient countries shall be consulted as part of the procedure described in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3.
Article 7
Derogations from the rules of eligibility and origin
1. In duly substantiated exceptional cases, the Commission may extend eligibility to legal persons from a country not eligible under Article 3.
2. In duly substantiated exceptional cases, the Commission may allow the purchase of supplies and materials originating from a country not eligible under Article 3.
3. Derogations as provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 may be justified on the basis of the unavailability of products and services in the markets of the countries concerned, for reasons of extreme urgency, or if the eligibility rules would make the realisation of a project, a programme or an action impossible or exceedingly difficult.
Article 8
Operations involving international organisations or co-financing
1. Whenever Community funding covers an operation implemented through an international organisation, participation in the appropriate contractual procedures shall be open to all legal persons who are eligible pursuant to Article 3 as well as to all legal persons who are eligible pursuant to the rules of that organisation, care being taken to ensure that equal treatment is afforded to all donors. The same rules shall apply in respect of supplies, materials and experts.
2. Whenever Community funding covers an operation co-financed with a third country, subject to reciprocity as defined in Article 6, or with a regional organisation, or with a Member State, participation in the appropriate contractual procedures shall be open to all legal persons who are eligible pursuant to Article 3 as well as to all legal persons who are eligible under the rules of such third country, regional organisation or Member State. The same rules shall apply in respect of supplies, materials and experts.
3. As far as food aid operations are concerned, the application of this Article shall be limited to emergency operations.
Article 9
Humanitarian aid and NGOs
1. For the purposes of humanitarian aid, within the meaning of Council Regulation (EC) No 1257/96 of 20 June 1996 concerning humanitarian aid (8) and for the purposes of aid channelled directly through NGOs, within the meaning of Council Regulation (EC) No 1658/98 of 17 July 1998 on co-financing operations with European non-governmental development organisations (NGOs) in fields of interest to the developing countries (9), the provisions of Article 3 shall not apply to the eligibility criteria established for the selection of grant beneficiaries.
2. Beneficiaries of these grants shall abide by the rules established in this Regulation where the implementation of the assisted humanitarian action and aid channelled directly through NGOs within the meaning of Regulation (EC) no 1658/98 requires the award of procurement contracts.
Article 10
Respect for core principles and strengthening local markets
1. In order to accelerate the eradication of poverty through the promotion of local capacities, markets and purchases, special consideration shall be given to local and regional procurement in partner countries.
2. Tenderers who have been awarded contracts shall respect internationally agreed core labour standards, e.g. the ILO core labour standards, conventions on freedom of association and collective bargaining, elimination of forced and compulsory labour, elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation, and the abolition of child labour.
3. Access by developing countries to Community external assistance shall be rendered possible by all such technical assistance as is deemed appropriate.
Article 11
Implementation of the Regulation
This Regulation amends and regulates the relevant parts of all existing Community instruments listed in Annex I. The Commission shall amend Annexes II to IV to this Regulation from time to time to take account of any amendments to OECD texts.
Article 12
Entry into force
This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Strasbourg, 14 December 2005.