Commission Decision
of 24 May 2002
on the long-term national aid scheme for agriculture in the northern regions of Finland
(notified under document number C(2002) 1903)
(Only the Finnish and Swedish texts are authentic)
(2002/404/EC)
THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,
Having regard to the Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, and in particular Article 142 thereof,
Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 827/68 of 28 June 1968 on the common organisation of the market in certain products listed in Annex II to the Treaty(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 195/96(2), and in particular the second paragraph of Article 5 thereof,
Whereas:
(1) On 26 October 1994, Finland, acting in accordance with Article 143 of the Act of Accession, notified the Commission of an aid scheme for authorisation under Article 142 of the Act of Accession.
(2) The aid scheme was approved by Commission Decision 95/196/EC of 4 May 1995 on the long-term national aid scheme for agriculture in the northern regions of Finland(3), as last amended by Decision 2000/405/EC(4).
(3) On 15 June 2001, Finland requested certain changes to that authorisation and subsequently presented additional information to support its request. Decision 95/196/EC has been substantially amended a number of times. In the interests of clarity and rationalisation, therefore, Decision 95/196/EC should be recast.
(4) Under Article 142 of the Act of Accession, Finland should be authorised to grant long-term national aids intended to ensure that agricultural activity is maintained in northern regions as determined by the Commission.
(5) In order to facilitate the administration of the scheme when determining those regions, the municipality (kunta) should be chosen as the relevant administrative unit.
(6) Taking account of the factors referred to in Article 142(1) and (2) of the Act of Accession it is appropriate to specify the administrative units in subregions C1, C2, C2 North, C3 and C4 which are north of the 62nd Parallel or adjacent to the latter, and which are affected by comparable climatic conditions rendering agricultural activity particularly difficult. These subregions have a population density lower than or equal to 10 inhabitants per square kilometre, a utilised agricultural area (UAA) considered to constitute 10 % or less of the overall surface area of the municipality and a portion of the UAA devoted to arable crops intended for human consumption less than or equal to 20 %. Municipalities surrounded by others within such areas should be entered on the list, even where they do not satisfy the same requirements.
(7) The northern region thus determined represents 1417000 hectares (ha), accounting for 55,5 % of the total UAA of Finland.
(8) The reference period in relation to which the development of agricultural production and the level of overall support is to be considered, using the national statistics available as a basis, should cover 1991, 1992 and 1993 as regards agricultural production. However, for cow's milk and beef and veal 1992 provides the best basis for fixing the milk quota and the reference herd for Finland, and for horticulture 1993 is the year covered by the most reliable statistics. Moreover, 1993 (when prices had not yet been affected by accession) should be used for assessing the level of overall support, where the difference in the price level of support existing between Finland and the Community must be taken into account.
(9) The aid measures meet the conditions laid down in Article 142(3) of the Act of Accession. Those measures take account of the compensatory allowances, the agri-environmental aid and the aid provided for under the common organisation of the markets (CMO). They also take account of the incentive element of the agricultural State aid N 148/97. They are not likely to lead to any increase in overall support or, where they are accompanied by the necessary measures, to any increase in production as compared with the respective reference period.
(10) In respect of cow's milk, any increase in production is controlled by the quota system provided for under the CMO. In the case of other products, the aid is not granted on the basis of the quantities produced, but on the basis of production factors (livestock units (LU) or ha) within the total limits laid down by this Decision. In the case of heifers for slaughter, which fall outside the milk production network, the aid is granted by head.
(11) The transport aid envisaged may be authorised under the third subparagraph of Article 142(3) of the Act of Accession. Where authorisation is granted for any transport aid under a national regional aid scheme, it should be ensured that compensation is not provided twice under the various aid schemes for the same activity.
(12) The aid envisaged for storage of horticultural products and wild berries and mushrooms may be authorised since it facilitates the disposal of those products as referred to in the third subparagraph of Article 142(3) of the Act of Accession.
(13) The aid for the breeding, processing and marketing of reindeer is in accordance with the second paragraph of Article 5 of Regulation (EEC) No 827/68.
(14) The aid measures envisaged meet the objectives set out in the third subparagraph of Article 142(3) of the Act of Accession since they are designed to maintain traditional primary production and processing particularly suited to the climatic conditions of the regions concerned, to improve the structures for the production, marketing and processing of agricultural products, to facilitate the disposal of the said products and to ensure that the environment is protected and countryside preserved.
(15) Accordingly, the aid measures envisaged may be authorised provided that they comply with the limits laid down for relevant products under the respective CMO, namely Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999(5) of 17 May 1999 for beef and veal, Council Regulation (EC) No 1260/2001 of 19 June 2001 for sugar(6), and Council Regulation (EC) No 2529/2001 of 19 December 2001 for sheepmeat and goatmeat(7).
(16) It is appropriate to allow some flexibility in the number of units covered by aid and the aid payable within certain production sectors or subsectors to reflect the change in consumption patterns since this is in conformity with the principles of the aid scheme.
(17) A measure of flexibility earlier foreseen for field-scale crop production should continue to apply to field-scale vegetables.
(18) The production factors in subregional levels should be indicative ones and they should be taken into account only in the event of a foreseen overrun in quantities. This will maintain the maximum number of hectares or animals covered by the aid in total level and at the same time help in improving the production structures in subregional levels and it is in conformity with the principles of the aid scheme.
(19) Inclusion of the "SLOM" quantities allocated in 1999 and 2000 justify certain amendments to the factors for milk. Furthermore, as the aid for cow's milk is paid per kg, the quantity expressed in production factors should be amended to refer to tonnes of milk. For this purpose, the existing amount of individual quotas for each subregion should be taken into account.
(20) Article 3(2)(c) of Decision 95/196/EC has allowed aid to be paid to the individual reference quantity allocated pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 3950/92 of 28 December 1992 establishing an additional levy in the milk and milk products sector(8) after the reallocation of any unused reference quantities in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 2(1) of that Regulation. The change in production factor for milk will significantly amend the current practice, both as regards the administration and the application at the level of individual farm. Therefore, a transitional period of three years should be allowed.
(21) Any amendments to the aid authorised by this Decision as a result of a review, in particular on the basis of changes in the CMO or in the rate of authorised national agricultural aid, should not apply until the year following that in which they are adopted in order to protect the legitimate expectations of the recipients.
(22) In view of the nature and the scope of the differences between the measures provided for in this Decision and those provided for by decision 95/196/EC, and having regard to the request of Finland, it is appropriate that this Decision should apply from 1 January 2002,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
Article 1
Subject matter
The purpose of this Decision is to authorise the long-term national aid scheme for agriculture in the northern region of Finland comprising the municipal units (kunta) listed under the relevant subregion in Annex I.
Article 2
Reference periods
The reference period provided for in Article 142(3) of the Act of Accession shall be as follows:
(a) as regards production:
- 1992 for cow's milk and for cattle,
- 1993 for horticulture,
- the average for 1991, 1992 and 1993 for other products;
(b) as regards the level of overall support 1993.
Article 3
Authorised aid
1. The aid referred to in Annex II shall be authorised from 1 January 2002.
2. The aid shall be authorised taking into account the Community aid and the incentive element of the agricultural State aid N 148/97.
Aid other than that for cow's milk shall in no case be granted on the basis of the quantity produced.
3. The unit amounts granted by subregion, by production factor (ha, LU or head) or by quantities produced, and the overall amount of authorised aid as well as the total number of production factors covered by aid per production sector or groups of sectors, are set out in Annex II.
However, aid for cow's milk may continue to be paid until the limit set in Article 4(c) until the end of 2004.
4. The indicative amounts of authorised aid and the indicative maximum number of units covered by aid per production sector or group of sectors and per subregion are set out in Annex III.
5. The conversion rates into LU for the various types of livestock are set out in Annex IV.
Article 4
Aid limits
The aid referred to in Article 3 shall be limited as follows:
(a) arable land: to the average number of hectares in the region which, in the period 1989 to 1991, were sown to arable crops or, as the case may be, left fallow in accordance with publicly funded compensatory scheme as referred to in Article 2(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1251/1999(9);
(b) sugar beet: to the quantity of beet covered by contracts between producers in the regions referred to in Article 1 and between sugar-producing undertakings within the (A and B) quotas allocated to the latter pursuant to Article 11 of Regulation (EC) No 1260/2001;
(c) cow's milk: to the reference quantity allocated pursuant to Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 3950/92 after the reallocation of any unused reference quantities in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 2(1) of that Regulation for the milk year which ends during the calendar year in question;
(d) suckler cows: to the individual ceilings allocated to each producer pursuant to Article 7(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999;
(e) sheep and goats: to the individual limits allocated to each producer pursuant to Article 8(2) of Regulation (EC) No 2529/2001;
(f) suckler cows and male bovine animals: the total number of animals qualifying for the aid shall be limited by the application of a stocking density on the holding of two livestock units (LU) per hectare of forage area.
Article 5
Implementation of the aid
1. Finland shall as part of the information provided pursuant to Article 143(2) of the Act of Accession, forward to the Commission each year before 1 June information on the effects of the aid granted, including the Community aid, and in particular on the trend in production and in the means of production qualifying for the aid, the trend in the economy of the regions concerned and the effects on the protection of the environment and the preservation of the countryside referred to in the fourth indent of the third subparagraph of Article 142(3) of the Act of Accession.
2. Finland shall take all steps necessary to apply this Decision and suitable control measures vis-à-vis recipients of aid.
3. In the event of a foreseen overrun in the maximum number of production factors laid down in Annex II, Finland shall reduce the number of units covered by aid in proportion to the overrun, taking due account the subregional quantities as defined in Annex III and after taking into account the quantities not used by other subregions.
Article 6
Conditions for granting aid
The Finnish authorities shall lay down, in accordance with the amounts and other factors provided for in this Decision, the conditions for granting aid to the various categories of recipients.
Article 7
Review
If the Commission reviews this Decision, in particular on the basis of any changes in the common market organisations or the change in the rate of any authorised national agricultural State aid, any amendment to the aid authorised by this Decision shall apply only from the year following that in which the amendment was adopted.
Article 8
Repeal
Decision 95/196/EC is hereby repealed.
Article 9
Application
This Decision shall apply from 1 January 2002.
Article 10
Addressee
This Decision is addressed to the Republic of Finland.
Done at Brussels, 24 May 2002.