COUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 1898/87 of 2 July 1987 on the protection of designations used in marketing of milk and milk products
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 43 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission (1), Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (2), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (3), Whereas Council Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 (4), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 773/87 (5), introduced the common organization of the market in the milk products sector; Whereas the situation of the milk and milk products sector is characterized by structural surpluses and whereas the disposal of these products should therefore be improved by promoting their consumption; Whereas the natural composition of milk and milk products should be protected in the interests of Community producers and consumers; Whereas regulations which ensure appropriate labelling and prevent the consumer from being misled will help this objective to be achieved; Whereas milk and milk products should, therefore, be defined and the designations needing to be reserved for them should be clarified; Whereas, apart from the case of products the exact nature of which is known through traditional usage, it is also necessary to avoid any confusion in the mind of the consumer between milk products and other food products, including those consisting partly of milk components; Whereas this Regulation aims at protecting the consumer and at establishing conditions of competition between milk products and competing products in the field of product designation, labelling and advertising which avoid any distortion; Whereas competing products enjoy a competitive advantage in terms of production cost due to the fact that many of them are frequently manufactured from raw materials imported at zero duty rates, whereas milk products have a higher production cost which is dictated by the need to safeguard agricultural producer incomes; Whereas it is essential for the Commission to follow closely developments in the market for milk products and competing substitute products and to report back to the Council; Whereas, pending the report from the Commission, Member States having already taken national measures to curb the manufacture and marketing of these products on their territory must maintain their regulations, in compliance with the general rules of the Treaty, until the end of the fifth 12-month period of application of the supplementary levy in the milk sector, HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
1. This Regulation shall apply to foodstuffs intended for human consumption which are marketed in the Community. 2. For the purposes of this Regulation:(a) 'marketing' shall mean holding or display with a view to sale, offering for sale, sale, delivery or any other manner of placing on the market;(b)'designation' shall mean the name used at all stages of marketing.
Article 2
1. The term 'milk' shall mean exclusively the normal mammary secretion obtained from one or more milkings without either addition thereto or extraction therefrom. However, the term 'milk' may be used:(a) for milk treated without altering its composition, or for milk the fat content of which has been standardized under Council Regulation (EEC) No 1411/71 of 29 June 1971 laying down additional rules on the common organization of the market in milk and milk products for products falling within CCT heading No 04.01 (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 566/76 (2);(b)in association with a word or words to designate the type, grade, origin and/or intended use of such milk or to describe the physical treatment or the modification in composition to which it has been subjected, provided that the modification is restricted to an addition and/or withdrawal of natural milk constituents. 2. For the purposes of this Regulation, 'milk products' shall mean products derived exclusively from milk, on the understanding that substances necessary for their manufacture may be added provided that those substances are not used for the purpose of replacing, in whole or in part, any milk constituent.The following shall be reserved exclusively for milk products:- the designations listed in the Annex hereto,-designations or names within the meaning of Article 5 of Council Directive 79/112/EEC of 18 December 1978 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs for sale to the ultimate consumer (3), as last amended by Directive 85/7/EEC (4), actually used for milk products. 3. The term 'milk' and the designations used for milk products may also be used in association with a word or words to designate composite products of which no part takes or is intended to take the place of any milk constituent and of which milk or a milk product is an essential part either in terms of quantity or for characterization of the product. 4. The origin of milk and milk products to be defined in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 30 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 must be stated if it is not bovine.
Article 3
1. The designations referred to in Article 2 may not be used for any product other than those referred to in that Article.However, this provision shall not apply to the designation of products the exact nature of which is clear from traditional usage and/or when the designations are clearly used to describe a characteristic quality of the product. 2. In respect of a product other than those described in Article 2, no label, commercial document, publicity material or any form of advertising (as defined in Article 2 (1) of Directive 84/450/EEC (5)) or any form of presentation, may be used which claims, implies or suggests that the product is a dairy product.However, in respect of a product which contains milk or milk products, the designation 'milk' or the designations referrred to in the second subparagraph of Article 2 (2) may be used only to describe the basic raw materials and to list the ingredients in accordance with Directive 79/112/EEC.
Article 4
1. Member States shall send the Commission by 1 October 1987 an indicative list of the products which they regard as corresponding in their territory to the products referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 3 (1). Member States shall, where necessary, make additions to this list subsequently. 2. In accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 30 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68, the Commission shall:(a) adopt the detailed rules for the application of this Regulation;(b)draw up and, where necessary, supplement the list of the products referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 3 (1) on the basis of the lists sent to it by the Member States;(c)make additions, where necessary, to the list of designations given in the Annex hereto. 3. Each year before 1 October and for the first time before 1 October 1988, the Member States shall report to the Commission on developments in the market in milk products and competing products in the context of the implementation of this Regulation so that the Commission is in a position to report to the Council by 1 March of the ensuing year.
Article 5
Member States may, until the end of the fifth period of application of Article 5c of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 and in compliance with the general provisions of the Treaty, maintain their national regulations which restrict the manufacture and marketing in their territory of products not fulfilling the conditions referred to in Article 2 of this Regulation.
Article 6
This Regulation shall enter into force on 1 July 1987.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 2 July 1987.