Document: 410 U.S. 351 93 S.Ct. 998 35 L.Ed.2d 346 Anthony Louis TACON, Petitioner,v.State of ARIZONA. No. 71—6060. Argued Jan. 9, 1973. Decided Feb. 21, Robert J. Hirsh, Tucson, Ariz., for petitioner. William P. Dixon, Phoenix, respondent. PER CURIAM. 1 Petitioner, while a soldier in the United States Army stationed at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, was arrested and charged by state authorities with sale marihuana violation applicable law. Prior to his trial on this charge, petitioner discharged from voluntarily left Arizona New York. When date set, petitioner's court-appointed attorney so advised requested him return Arizona. Assertedly because he lacked travel funds, did not appear set trial. Under these circumstances, proceeded without presence, as authorized procedure. The jury returned guilty verdict. After verdict rendered, obtained necessary funds time sentencing. He sentenced less than five nor more one-half years prison. Supreme Court affirmed conviction. 107 Ariz. 353, 488 P.2d 973 (1971). 2 petition certiorari case presented questions constitutional limits States' authority try absentia person who has State is unable, financial reasons, that State. Upon reviewing record, however, it appears broad were raised below passed upon Court. We cannot decide issues first here. Cardinale v. Louisiana, 394 437, 89 1161, 22 398 (1969). only related issue actually whether conduct amounted knowing intelligent waiver right be present Since primarily factual which does not, itself, justify exercise our jurisdiction, writ dismissed improvidently granted. 3 It ordered. 4 Writ dismissed. 5 Mr. Justice DOUGLAS, whom BRENNAN MARSHALL concur, dissenting. 6 Armed Services, there unlawful marihuana. That February 24, 1969. His counsel asked continuance until April 22, 1969, But no time, one being subsequently March 31, 1970. In meantime, had been York gave address. sent word letter 3, 1970, would start 31 week early preparation. Petitioner received or 7, but return. apparently good faith tried raise money successful. eventually succeed arrived 2. over. convicted years. On appeal, affirmed. 973. 7 Rule 231 Arizona's Rules Criminal Procedure, 17 A.R.S., may conducted defendant's absence 'if voluntary.' Id., 355, P.2d, 975. held 'a trial.' 357, 977. federal rule confrontation case, cf. ibid., test applied 8 Sixth Amendment reason Fourteenth. Gideon Wainwright, 372 335, 83 792, 9 799; Pointer Texas, 380 400, 406, 85 1065, 1069, 13 923; Washington 388 14, 87 1920, 18 1019. 'to confronted witnesses against' him—the popular sense—means 'face-to-face' meeting. As stated Illinois Allen, 397 337, 338, 90 1057, 1058, 25 353: 'One most basic rights guaranteed Confrontation Clause accused's courtroom every stage said defendant felony can ever waive properly before us, since neglected plead manner courts. courts evidence record sufficient show voluntary, i.e., made present. disposes 'related issue' holding jurisdiction. question waived always involves matters. 'When turn resolution dispute we are duty bound make an independent examination record.' Brookhart Janis, 384 1, n. 4, 86 1245, 1247, 16 314 (emphasis added). 10 man's far frivolous. fleeing jurisdiction going into hiding. knew trying west. A second dated 18, attorney, suggested plea reduced charge might acceptable. due mail strike receive when 24 telegram stating proceed not. never even Western Union 30, called lawyer, told court though accused absent. replied attempt it. But, noted, arrive 11 say knowingly intelligently confrontation. Heretofore, have treated cavalierly. indulge presumption against right. rate 'do presume acquiescence loss fundamental rights.' Ohio Bell Tel. Co. Commission, 301 292, 307, 57 724, 731, 81 L.Ed. 1093. I treat hapless victim criminal equally corporate incompetent regulatory commission. 12 dismiss multiply burdens system. vel non now ready decision. dismiss, effect tell habeas corpus then corpus. indigents counsel, trials often pregnant error, normal remedy. where exposed should resolved there. fail take step here, ask exhaust themselves during next they seek determination their law governs here Black earlier many ago. ruled counsel; difference comes 'A ordinarily intentional relinquishment abandonment known privilege. (the) must depend, each particular facts circumstances surrounding including background, experience, accused.' Johnson Zerbst, 304 458, 464, 58 1019, 1023, 82 1461. This later '(w)aivers voluntary knowing, acts done awareness relevant likely consequences.' Brady States, 742, 748, 1463, 1469, 747 added); see also Adams ex rel. McCann, 317 269, 275, 63 236, 240, 268; Patton 281 276, 312, 50 253, 263, 74 854. 14 No such showing case. reverse judgment below.

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