Document: 516 U.S. 124116 S.Ct. 494133 L.Ed.2d 461 THINGS REMEMBERED, INC., Petitioner,v.Anthony A. PETRARCA. No. 94-1530. Supreme Court of the United States Argued Oct. 2, 1995. Decided Dec. 5, Syllabus * Respondent commenced this action in Ohio state court to collect rent allegedly owed by Child World, Inc. under two commercial leases and enforce Cole National Corporation's guaranty World's performance leases. After World filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition, Cole's successor interest, petitioner here, removed federal removal statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1452(a), general 1441(a). The Bankruptcy held that was timely proper, it had jurisdiction. District reversed and, effect, remanded case court, holding untimely §§ 1441(a) 1452(a) lacked Sixth Circuit dismissed petitioner's appeal for lack jurisdiction, 1447(d) 1452(b) barred appellate review Court's remand order. Held: If an order remands because raised defect procedure or subject-matter appeals lacks jurisdiction 1447(d). That section, provision bars any "order remanding State from which removed." Under Thermtron Products, v. Hermansdorfer, 423 336, 345-346, 96 584, 590-591, 46 542, must be read pari materia with 1447(c), so only based on grounds recognized i.e., are immune Section since "the removed," is precisely type contemplated 1447(c). same conclusion pertains regardless whether 1452(a). applies "not remand[s] . [the statute], but orders made cases other statutes." Rice, 327 742, 752, 66 835, 839, 90 L.Ed. 982 (emphasis added). Moreover, there no indication Congress intended 1452 exclusive governing removals exclude 1447(d)'s coverage. Although expressly precludes certain decisions cases, reason cannot comfortably coexist context. must, therefore, give effect both. Pp. 496-497. Affirmed. THOMAS, J., delivered opinion unanimous Court. KENNEDY, concurring opinion, GINSBURG, joined. STEVENS, Steven D. Cundra, Washington, DC, petitioner. John C. Weisensell, Akron, OH, respondent. Justice THOMAS 1 We decide may district removal. 2 March 1992 filing four-count complaint against Corporation Common Pleas Summit County, Ohio. charged failure pa y also sought Petitioner interest. 3 On May 6, 1992, petition Southern New York. September 25, notices both Courts Northern its (1988 ed.),1 as well ed.). motion transfer venue York, respondent's claims could resolved forum underlying lease World. countered motions October 23, November 1992. 4 consolidated all proceedings 1993. Federal Rule Procedure 9027 been 1441 1446 concluded proper over case. then granted 5 appealed found judgment further consistent opinion.2 6 Appeals Circuit. In unpublished disposition, certiorari, 514 ----, 115 1821, 131 743 (1995), now affirm. II 7 has placed broad restrictions power courts court. statutory reviewability section provides: 8 "An not reviewable otherwise, except pursuant 1443 title shall otherwise." 9 As we explained 542 (1976), specified 1447(c) Id., at S.Ct., 590-591. long court's jurisdiction—the 1447(c)—a entertain 10 noted, "remanding parties do dispute came. There removal, 1447(c).3 thus compels See Gravitt Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., 430 723, 97 1439, 52 (1977) (per curiam). reach effected suits statutes, well." (1946) added).4 Absent clear command contrary, assume "aware universality th[e] practice" denying when creates new ground Ibid. 12 express statute bankruptcy. Nor infer fact contains own types bankruptcy, see (authorizing "any equitable ground" precluding decision basis), does change our conclusion. Connecticut Nat. Bank Germain, 503 249, 253, 112 1146, 1149, 117 391 (1992). 13 1447(d), issue falls squarely within appeal. 14 affirmed. 15 It ordered. 16 whom GINSBURG joins, concurring. 17 I join write point out itself limited later Carnegie-Mellon Univ. Cohill, 484 343, 108 614, 98 720 (1988). understand today, reliance hold prohibits (whether 1452(a)), bear upon Cohill orders. 18 Thermtron, exceeded authority permitted U.S., 345, 590. prohibition bar outside subsection (c), reasoning subsections (c) (d) were given parallel construction. 345-350, 590-593. observed than "no warrant law" reviewed mandamus. 353, 594. 19 supra, qualified first Thermtron. that, notwithstanding authorization, sole claim eliminated pendent law remained. did find necessary would these grounds, affirmed denial mandamus Appeals. 357, 622-623. 20 Despite sweep provides "[a]n otherwise," various have relied ordered Cohill. See, e. g., Bogle Phillips Petroleum 24 F.3d 758, 761 (C.A.5 1994); re Prairie Island Dakota Sioux, 21 302, 304 (C.A.8 1994) curiam); Nutter Monongahela Power 319, 322-323 (C.A.4 1993) (dicta); Glass, Molders, Pottery, Plastics & Allied Workers Int'l Union, Local 173, 983 F.2d 725, 727 (C.A.6 1993); Rothner Chicago, 879 1402, 1406 (C.A.7 1989); cf. Amoco Additives 964 706, 708 1992) ("Thermtron holds mean what says ."). issues those before us. joined 22 Congress, measures, twice here appeal." prescription generally ed.); again ed., Supp. V) authorized related "on ground." 23 most sensibly largely supplement, displace, rules set 1447. encompassingly prescribes [excepting civil rights 1443]." persuasively explains why negate application cases. Accordingly, dispositive, agree But am convinced independently warrants reviewable. separately my reasons conviction. broadly ground," declares otherwise."1 added Judicial Code chapter courts—a comprising 1441-1452—meant enlarge, rein in, trial removal/remand drafters, bears emphasis, "would appealable"; particular, they reported unreviewable "in manner H.R.Rep. 95-595, p. 51 (1977), U.S.Code Cong. Admin. News 1978, pp. 5787, 6013 added).2 25 lawmakers chose capacious words hint whatever meant their word choice recall premerger distinctions between equity, thereby render "law." legal systems never separated pleadings along law/equity lines, infrequently long-merged system, "equitable" signals reasonable, fair, appropriate. Dictionary definitions notably include among appropriate meanings: "just impartial," American Heritage 622 (3d ed.1992); "dealing fairly equally concerned," Webster's Ninth Collegiate 421 (1983). Judge Easterbrook observed: 26 "[T]he distinction equity abolished ago Nothing history ban kruptcy code suggests wanted resuscitate it. separate 'legal' 'equitable' 1789 seventh amendment. This task little sanction recommend possible versus intelligible line eighteenth century. enacted predecessor 1452, law-equity distinction. 'Equitable' makes more sense if means 'appropriate.' " Hernandez Brakegate, Ltd., 942 1223, 1226 1991). 27 Cf., e.g., Hilton Davis Chemical Co. Warner-Jenkinson 62 1512, 1521 (C.A.Fed.1995) ("The term can many meanings. [I]n doctrine equivalents allusions invoke broadest fairness."); BCCI Holdings (Luxembourg), S. A., 1185, 1189, 1190 (C.A.D.C.1995) (rejecting argument used expression "legal right, title, interest" 1963(l )(6)(A) "to draw ancient, ignored, technically forfeiture challenges") original). seems me entirely appropriate—and, sense, equitable—to promptly remove. Indeed, counsel potential manipulation inherent his proffered time limits ("legal" limits) one hand other, court-made determinations procedural move pursued without due expedition ("equitable" assessments). At oral argument, following exchange occurred: 29 "QUESTION: Suppose judge said, I'm 100 percent sure about strict limit, think you should come sooner, dawdled—an notion like laches .—that reviewable, right? 30 "MR. CUNDRA: correct. 31 So it's judge's label, he wants put He make says, laches. 32 Yes. 33 statute. 34 Yes." Tr. Oral Arg. 15-16. 35 Gee remarked relation very issue, "make[s] sense" rest vel non tag elects place ruling. Sykes Texas Air Corp., 834 488, 492 1987). 36 Interpreting fully sync nonreviewability orders, stress, secures uniform treatment remands, party initiating removed. Cf. Pacor, Higgins, 984, 991-992 (C.A.3 1984) (refusing apply because, 1441-1447 initiated defendants only, while authorizes "a party" originally tribunals). A restrictive definition invite wasteful controversy reached 1447 common-law pleader might "legal." show respect legislature suppose enact irrational scheme. Hancock Mut. Life Ins. Harris Trust Sav. Bank, 510 114 517, 523, 126 524 (1993) (Court's examination language "guided single sentence member sentence, look[s] provisions whole law, object policy.") (internal quotations omitted) (quoting Pilot Dedeaux, 481 41, 51, 107 1549, 1555, 95 39 (1987)); Deal States, 508 - ---, 113 1993, 1996, 124 44 (It "fundamental principle construction (and, indeed, itself) meaning determined isolation, drawn context used."). 37 even jurisdictional defects excluded "equitable category, force calling different results depending phrase relate basis refusal (as discussion up assumed), rather remanding. Ordinarily, unable hear claim, some hindrance, dismiss. 1452(b), advanced paragraph, alternative dismissal proceeding though requirements met), authorizing fairness warrants, "equitable." 38 sum, "strong congressional policy orders," Sykes, F.2d, 490, underlies 1452(b). serve legislature's purpose best reading avoid nonsense, fit harmoniously composing coherent part U.S.Code. Assn. Tex. Timbers Inwood Forest Associates, 365, 371, 626, 630, 740 (1988) (statutory "that seem ambiguous isolation often clarified remainder scheme," example, "only permissible meanings produces substantive compatible law") citations omitted). Thus Circuit, conclude, correctly ruled neither nor permits assertion syllabus constitutes prepared Reporter Decisions convenience reader. Detroit Lumber 200 321, 337, 282, 287, 50 499. "(a) remove cause where such pending, 1334 title. "(b) ground. An entered action, remand, otherwise ." ed. V). left option agreement equivalent requires days Respondent's sufficient bring coverage Rice interpreted current version recodification "intended restate prior reviewability." 349-350, 592-593, (1976). concerns, address "related to" encompasses remand" resembles V), root "Bankruptcy proceedings." 1334(c)(2) renders abstain abstain" adjudicating merely case, qualify federal-court Of course, every appellate, obliged notice want subject matter motion. Mansfield, L.M.R. Swan, 111 379, 382, 510, 511-512, 462 (1884). interlocutory remand," although per se leave open eventual consideration—also earlier reconsideration question 492, n. 1987) ("When decides retain face arguments unreviewable; course reviewing aspect wrong, case.") inconsonant Article III Act's grant judges, Pipeline Constr. Marathon Pipe Line 458 50, 87, 102 2858, 2880, 73 598 (1982), transferred supervisory retained Act initially gave courts. Amendments Judgeship 1984, Pub.L. 98-353, Stat. 333.

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