The total gross amount of recognized compensation expenses associated with share-based payments (including share-based payments to the BoM) was EUR 46.3 million in 2018, EUR 53.1 million in 2017 and EUR 47.7 million in 2016. The tax benefit (excluding excess tax benefits) recognized related to the recognized share-based compensation costs in the US amounted to EUR 5.6 million in 2018, EUR 8.7 million in 2017 and EUR 10.0 million in 2016.