Case Study
Patient Demographic: Client s Age: Client 1: age 12 Client 2: age 14 Client 3: age 14 Client 4: age 16 Client 5: age 13 Client 6: age 16 Sex: Males Gender: Males Sexuality: Varying Ethnicity: Multiracial Relationship Status: Single Counseling Setting: Juvenile Justice Facility Type of Counseling: Group Counseling Presenting Problem: Involvement with the Justice System That Includes Various Mental Health Disorders and Crimes Diagnosis: Imprisonment (Z65.1)
Mental Status Exam: Mental Status Exam: All of the clients appear to maintainappropriate hygiene, and they are all oriented to person, place, time, and situation. They are all somewhat reserved with regard to going into deeper topics, but theyparticipate f
Presenting Problem: You are a licensed counselor working in a juvenile justice facility for teenage males. The group comprises six males that are required to attend as part of their incarceration with the expectation that it will shorten their sentences. The purpose of the group is to work on emotional regulation and to work together to share common experiences and identify goals that can be helpful in preventing reincarceration. During the intake session, you explained the purpose of the group and started with an ice-breakeractivity. The clients participated in the ice-breaker activity that required you to redirect them back to the activity several times because they would joke and get off task. You attempt to go a little deeper by encouraging your clients to start talking about what happened to get them incarcerated, and they appear to be taking pride in the reasons they were in juvenile detention and making fun of those with lesser sentences. You redirect the clients to another topic.
Other Contexts: You meet with the group for the sixth session, and they are focused and appear to be more respectful toward you because it appears that you can get their attention more easily to start the session. You separate the group into dyads at the start of the session and prompt the group members to talk about feelings related to the pros and cons of engaging in school. You overhear client 4 telling client 3 that it does not matter if client 3 does well in school because he is in juvenile detention for sexual assault and therefore he cannot redeem himself. You intervene and remind client 4 of the group rules about respecting others

Question: Which of the following statements falls under a CBT approach to treatment?
(A): An activating event occurs, and irrational or rational beliefs respond that affect the consequences of the event.
(B): Identify and use client motivation in order to improve negative behaviors.
(C): Behavior has a purpose, and what we do is intended to overcome a sense of inferiority.
(D): The focus is on the client’s present life rather than on past experiences and also on understanding the context of a person’s present experience and taking ownership over it instead of placing blame.

Correct Answer: An activating event occurs, and irrational or rational beliefs respond that affect the consequences of the event.
Explanation: The concept that activating events lead to beliefs that affect consequences is in alignment with rational emotive behavior therapy, which is a subset of CBT. Motivational interviewing focuses on identifying client motivation and using that information to make changes regarding negative behaviors. The focus of overcoming a sense of inferiority is a focus of Adlerian therapy. Taking focus on the person’s present life instead of past experience and responsibility on present experience is a gestalt therapy perspective. Therefore, the correct answer is (A)
Competency: counseling skills and interventions