Case Study
Patient Demographic: Name: Chad Clinical Issues: Maladaptive eating behaviors Diagnostic Category: Feeding and Eating Disorders Provisional Diagnosis: F50.2 Bulimia Nervosa, Moderate Age: 16 Sex Assigned at Birth: Male Gender and Sexual Orientation: Male, Heterosexual Ethnicity: White Marital Status: Not Assessed Modality: Individual Therapy Location of Therapy : Agency  
Mental Status Exam: The client is appropriately dressed but disheveled. He is dressed in clothes associated with anime characters. Concentration is drifting. His speech is somewhat low, and he keeps his head low to avoid making eye contact with you. His mood is anxious. There is no suicidal ideation. Thought content shows no current homicidal ideation or plans. Thoughts are appropriate. The estimated level of intelligence is in the low average range with abstract thinking.
Presenting Problem: First session You are a mental health therapist who works for an agency specializing in helping teens with eating disorders. The client is 16 years old. He presents for therapy along with his mother. You start by welcoming both of them into your office. Then you introduce yourself, explain your role as a therapist, and briefly describe the experience you have in treating eating disorders. Next, you ask the client to explain and his mother to share with you why they came to see you today and what their expectations are for therapy. The mother begins by telling you, "My son is doing dangerous things to his body. He needs help, but he won't listen to me." The client rolls his eyes and replies, "She doesn't get it. Look at her. She's fat and is always overeating!" His mother's face turns red and she starts to yell at him. You remain neutral and ask them both take a few deep breaths and give each other some space. You explain that your goal is to create a trusting relationship with the client and his mother so that you can start working together towards understanding the issues that bring them to counseling and how to best help. You ask the mother to take a seat in the waiting room while you speak with her son for the first part of the session. She reluctantly agrees and leaves the room.    Once the mother leaves, you start by letting the client know that you understand that this situation is difficult, and that you are here to help. You focus on building rapport with the client, emphasizing that you are here to help him. You ask him open-ended questions to get to know more about him, and to help him feel seen and understood. You acknowledge the client's feelings of being misunderstood and provide empathy by validating that it must feel difficult not having his mother understand what he is going through. You also recognize his mother’s concerns by saying, "It sounds like your mom is really worried about you." He tells you that his mother is constantly trying to control him and that he does not understand why she is always so angry all the time. You continue your assessment with structured questioning to understand the client’s current experiences with food, including what he likes to eat and how often he eats. At the end of your discussion with the client, you thank him for being open and honest with you. You acknowledge how brave it is to come in and start talking about his experiences. You invite him to bring his mother back in to the office so you can start working together and discuss the next steps.
Other Contexts:  The client does well in high school. He is concerned that he could quickly gain weight and no longer be in optimum shape for cheerleading and gymnastics. The client's self-esteem is closely related to his weight and body image, and he appears to lack insight into the dangers of his current eating behaviors. Stressors & Trauma: The client tells you throughout elementary school he was overweight. As a result, he was bullied by other boys and girls alike. They would leave notes on his desk saying "fatty" or "crispy crème." One student pushed him down in the schoolyard, and all the others stood in a circle around him and laughed as the client cried. Pre-existing Conditions: No significant medical issues were reported based on his last medical exam. He does, however, admit to eating four hamburgers and a large bag of French fries at a fast-food restaurant "as a treat" about four or five times a week. He shares that after these fast food "splurges," he goes home and purges to not gain weight. Feeling guilty after each episode, he does not eat anything the next day and doubles his workout routine. 

Question: What is your rationale for selecting a "moderate" specifier for the client's eating disorder?
(A): The "moderate" specifier for the client's eating disorder is inaccurate and does not reflect the client's compensatory behaviors.
(B): He engages in an average of 8-13 episodes of compensatory behavior per week to prevent weight gain.
(C): He engages in an average of 4-7 episodes of compensatory behavior per week to prevent weight gain.
(D): He engages in an average of 1-3 episodes of compensatory behavior per week to prevent weight gain.

Correct Answer: He engages in an average of 4-7 episodes of compensatory behavior per week to prevent weight gain.
Explanation: The moderate specifier is used when the client engages in an average of 4-7 episodes of compensatory behavior per week to prevent weight gain. Therefore, the correct answer is (B)
Competency: intake, assessment, and diagnosis