cindermond/bento huggingface dataset:
Stability is more important than reform
Come up with some evidence to support this claim.

1. -LRB- 1 -RRB-
2. This is also proven from various polls among the Russian population The most eye-catching statistic is the overwhelming majority of respondents who say that order is more important for Russia than democracy 72 per cent , with 16 per cent responding conversely .
3. A strong leader is the only solution to providing such stability , setting a clear direction and pulling a country at risk of falling apart together again .
4. In a period of such chaos , stability seems to be much more important than reform .
5. The chaos of economic and political reform , along with the chaos of the break-up of former USSR , has left the majority of the population both disillusioned and distrustful of their government .
6. The introduction of market reforms and privatization has led to a swift increase in inequalities coupled with an increase in corruption .
7. Since the fall of communism , Russia has plunged into a deep economic recession .
Summarize the argument implied by these sentences?

1. Skolnik , Sam , , Beacon Press , 2011 , Chapter 5
2. Because they can be legally sited anywhere in the world , they can pick countries with no rules to protect customers .
3. Online gambling sites can also get around government regulations that limit the dangers of betting .
4. It is very hard to know the identity of an online gambler there have been several cases of people -LRB- including children -RRB- using stolen credit cards to gamble online .
5. In the United States in 1999 the National Gambling Impact Study stated `` the high-speed instant gratification of Internet games and the high level of privacy they offer may exacerbate problem and pathological gambling '' , and it is estimated that 75 % of internet gamblers are problem gamblers , compared with 20 % of those who visit casinos .
6. They may therefore be less reluctant to wager very large sums they can not afford .
7. This also means that they are gambling in private .
8. Someone can become addicted very easily they dont even need to leave their home , and online gambling sites are available at all hours .

Online gambling has increased the incidence of gambling addiction
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. , `` Euroland businesses are nowable to raise money for investment across the entire single currency zone , making it easier and cheaper .
2. British companies , on the other hand , are still largely constrained to drumming up money from within Britain if they want to expand .
3. Joining the European single currency -LRB- the Euro -RRB- may appear unfavourable to Britain , but the negative effect of not joining would be more unfavourable .
4. As explained by Anthony Browne in The Euro : Should Britain join ?
5. Browne , A. , `` The Euro : Should Britain Join ? ''
6. , Page 89 Morgan , O. `` Nissan tells Blair ` join Euro ' '' , 27 May 2011 , The Guardian
7. Eurozone businesses find it easy to raise money , for they are spared currency conversion charges .
8. The carmaker Nissan has previously told the British government that eliminating exchange rate risk by siting production in the same currency zone as its sales market will be its preferred option .

Britain will lose economically if she stays out of the Euro over the long term.
The Tobin tax generates enormous amounts of aid.
Come up with some evidence to support this claim.

1. The revenue generating potential of the tax is tremendous .
2. The Tobin Tax is an efficient and relatively painless way to raise billions of dollars per year that could easily be used to fund UN aid efforts .
3. Even if we take the smaller amount , this would match existing levels of official aid .
4. A recent study by the Institute for Development Studies at Sussex University has showed that a 0.0005 % global tax on foreign exchange trades alone could raise up to $ 26bn per year in aid .
5. For comparison , the total annual UN budget is about $ 10 billion .
6. The UN and World Bank estimated in 1997 that the cost of wiping out the worst forms of poverty and providing basic environmental protection would be about $ 225 billion per year .
7. Given the current levels of poverty in the world and the desperate situations that we have seen emerging over and over again in the developing world -LRB- e.g. the Asian tsunami , or Kashmiri earthquake -RRB- , the need for increased funds for aid seems clear .
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. Without the structure provided by school attendance , children become bored easily and parents struggle to cope .
2. For many parents , particularly those with more than one child , summer vacations can be a stressful and difficult time .
3. Year-round schooling makes such a work-life balance easier for young parents and allows women to return to the workplace on their own terms .
4. This is especially true for mothers who may be bringing up children without a father present , or those who wish to continue or resume their careers after the first few years of motherhood ; trying to combine a full-time job with the rigours of motherhood is hard but trying to do so during a three month school holiday is almost impossible .

Year-round learning can help reduce the burden on parents.
This House would detain people on grounds of mental health
What argument could one make about this debate topic?

We have a duty to the patient's best interest.
What is the debate topic for the following sentences?

1. The state does so by implementing a minimum wage .
2. This exploitation will continue indefinitely , unless the state intervenes .
3. In order to increase profits , firms will seek to exploit workers , to lower wages as far as possible .
4. Businesses operating in a free market are concerned principally with their bottom lines .
5. Certainly , it is far better for state , which has citizens best interest at heart , to weigh in on the issue of setting wages than businesses , which tend not to care about their workers welfare or have competing interests .
6. In order to stop this outright exploitation of the most vulnerable members of society , the power of wage setting must fall to some extent within the purview of the state .
7. This makes them the easiest to manipulate and the easiest to replace .
8. The lowest paid workers tend to be less educated , less skilled , and less organized than higher-paid employees .
9. This is important as a means to assist the self-empowerment of the poorest members of society , by encouraging them to value themselves .
10. Furthermore , a minimum wage sends a social signal of valuation ; it affirms that all people have worth , can not be exploited , and are owed by dint of their humanity a certain level of treatment in the workforce , i.e. a minimum wage .

This House believes in a national minimum wage
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. It seems only logical to describe public displays by other terminology as this would reflect more truly on the celebrations of the winter period .
2. Very rarely now are the traditional symbols of a Christian Christmas actually displayed publicly or even in the homes of Christians themselves , with many preferring the symbolism of the modern multi-cultural Christmas .
3. A UK study found that three out of four employers have banned Christmas decorations because they are concerned not to offend other faiths .
4. The holiday has transcended its origins , while it still represents some conceptual Christian notions it is no longer for the most part a Christian festival .
5. Much of the symbolism now used has more relation to Pagan traditions than Christian ones with things such as the Christmas tree and mistletoe originating from the pre-Christian religion , in addition other common symbols have come from popular culture such as snowmen and reindeer .
6. The Christmas break is no longer a Christian festival , but a multi-cultural celebration during Christmas ; the state should not be sponsoring events specific to Christians during a holiday for all religious and non-religious citizens .
7. Christmas is now celebrated not only in Western nations but the world over , it is celebrated not only by individuals which are not Christian but whole nations which do not subscribe to the Christian belief system .

Christmas is no longer a Christian festival, but a multi-cultural celebration during December.
What debate topic are the following sentences about?

1. To force a woman to produce a living , constant reminder of that act is unfair on both mother and child .
2. Women , and in some cases girls , who have been raped should not have to suffer the additional torment of being pregnant with the product of that ordeal .
3. There are cases where school students are impregnated through rape .
4. In cases where the rape victim can not afford or is not ready to have a child , abortion can do both the victim and the unborn baby a favor .
5. Babies born to unready mothers are likely to be neglected or would not be able to enjoy what other children have , be it due to financial reasons or the unwillingness of the mothers to bring up the `` unwanted children '' .
6. Pregnancy itself is a constant reminder of the sexual assault they underwent and might cause emotional instability , which will affect their studies , and subsequently their future .

This house believes in the woman's right to choose
Commercialization of the Games erodes the idea of taking part for its own sake.
Come up with some evidence to support this claim.

1. This prevents competition on an equal footing , one feature of the Olympic Dream .
2. The United States , for example , benefits from huge funding from over 100 corporations for its team and can thus train them to far higher levels than developing countries can -LRB- Multinational Monitor , 2008 -RRB- .
3. As one of these 100-plus companies , Citi paid $ 30 million purely to be the ` official bank of the 2012 United States Olympic Team ' -LRB- Belson , 2011 -RRB- .
4. The Olympic Dream is that competing narrative attempting to weave the values of friendship , respect and excellence into the home viewer .
5. Furthermore , corporate sponsorship concentrates on the richest countries ' athletes .
6. As is the auctioning off of ` virtually every aspect of the Games to the highest bidder . '
7. Whilst a recent report indicates that sport is still at the centre of the Olympics , ` the volume of commercial messages drowns out any competing narratives apart from sports ' -LRB- Multinational Monitor , 2008 , p. 8 -RRB- .
8. The massive commercialisation of the Games erodes the idea of taking part for its own sake : with so much sponsorship money at stake , winning at all costs is the inevitable aim .
9. The rule of the sponsors seems more important than the sport : interrupting television coverage of the events to advertise is symptomatic of this , permitting McDonalds to sponsor a sports event is another .
Sentences: 1. As well as developing their own economy and their manufacturing or service sectors , they may need to build trade infrastructure in other ways .
2. To gear up to be successful trading partners , developing countries often need to go through a number of key changes .
3. Although such developments may come about as a facilitator for trade , in the best case scenario they may be seen as structural changes which will have a trickle-down benefit for the broader society in the underdeveloped country .
4. For example , increased trade would focus their attention on such things as good governance , the benefits of a broadly stable currency and internal security .
5. China for example has reformed its agriculture , created a large manufacturing sector and is increasingly moving into high tech sectors as a result of trading with , particularly exporting to , the rich world and as a result has lifted more than 600 million people out of poverty between 1981 and 2004 .

What claim can be made from these sentences?

Trade provides developing countries with an important basis for their own improvement.
Sentences: 1. Theft is taking something from someone who is the rightful owner without their permission .
2. It doesnt matter if the rightful owner keeps an original version or not .
3. If you are downloading music from an unofficial source , you are stealing it : The only way you can get the right to listen to that song is via a legal transaction from which the rights owner can make a profit

What claim can be made from these sentences?

Theft is an assumption of property rights
Sentences: 1. The National Lottery -LRB- UK -RRB- was initially founded on the principle of providing funding for the arts , sport and heritage with funding for projects that would not otherwise get off the ground , and in recent years there has been a drive by the government to return the distribution of lottery money to those causes .
2. It is a widely known fact that a large proportion of the money made from selling lottery tickets goes directly to good causes and schemes run by the government to help improve the lives of the people who buy the tickets in the first place .
3. This is an incredible sum of money , made possible by the fact that government endorsement allows for greater awareness of the competition meaning more players and more money going to charity .
4. According to the official National Lottery website , `` Camelot already runs the most cost-efficient lottery in Europe - an achievement that has helped the UK National Lottery to generate over26 billion for the Good Causes , and counting '' .
5. Were the lottery to be de-nationalised , there would be no guarantee of these essential donations - the lottery would simply become another form of gambling which profits the organisers above all else .

What claim can be made from these sentences?

National lotteries are also one of the largest contributors to charitable causes.
What is the debate topic for the following sentences?

1. So for example if Mississippi and New Mexico were paying for all their services themselves from their own taxes they would have debts of over 500 % of GDP , however at the beginning of the Republic it was the Southern States who were the richest due to their cotton wealth .
2. Federal states tend to be larger and have different economic cycles .
3. This allows the overall state to cope with different economic cycles by using fiscal transfers -LRB- tax -RRB- between wealthier states and poorer states to fund government programmes .

This house believes that Federal States are better than unitary nations
Sentences: 1. We should demand reciprocity , so that countries seeking investments abroad must open up their own economies fully before they are allowed to hold significant assets elsewhere .
2. He has also pointed out that many countries operating SWFs protect their domestic economy from foreign competition and investment .
3. Most countries maintain secrecy about the size of their funds and the extent of their holdings , their accountability to government , their investment strategies and their approach to risk management .
4. Sovereign wealth funds suffer from an almost total lack of transparency .
5. For these reasons , Jeffrey Garten of Yale has argued that SWFs should be obliged to publish independently audited accounts twice a year .
6. Without knowing these things , it is impossible to gauge whether political or economic objectives will dominate the SWFs behaviour , or indeed whether they will make safe and responsible shareholders in any business secrecy breeds corruption .

What claim can be made from these sentences?

Sovereign Wealth funds are not transparent
Sentences: 1. The United Nations should take on this responsibility to protect people when their governments are unable or unwilling to do so , in order to prevent mass killings , genocide and other atrocities .
2. Citizens should be protected by individual governments , however if governments are either partaking in or failing to prevent genocide and mass atrocities , then another global actor needs to take action .
3. Moving from a situation where the UN placed the rights of states above those of their people , to one where individual rights are given the greater priority is surely morally essential .
4. If we believe human rights have any meaning at all , then they must be universal and therefore our obligation to protect citizens from such horrors must apply regardless of state boundaries .

What claim can be made from these sentences?

The United Nations has a responsibility to prevent genocide and mass atrocities.
This House believes that freedom of expression is more important than religious sensitivities
What is a possible side to this debate?

Stifling progress and the right of others
1. With neither side willing to consider sitting down with the other it is difficult to see how Annans plan can ever get anywhere no matter how long it is kept on life support .
2. The opposition meanwhile argues The country has been destroyed and they want us then to sit with the killer ?
3. Mutual consent however means both sides have a veto ; Assad would have to agree and he is not going to agree to a government which he is not involved in .
4. As a follow up to the six point plan on the 1 July in Geneva it was agreed that a transitional government would be set up which could include members of the present government and the opposition and other groups and shall be formed on the basis of mutual consent .

What is the general argument implied by these sentences?

The Syrian opposition will never be willing to deal with Assad.
What is the debate topic for the following sentences?

1. This is important in two ways : Making sexual orientation a category for asylum not only saves lives , but also sends a strong and influential message that helps craft policy in nations who use discrimination as a tool of oppression against the LGBT community .
2. Not only can this policy influence current state behaviour , but that the influence and change that creates becomes part of a larger global move towards universal acceptance of the norm and the diffusion of that idea throughout all strata of society .
3. This has immense impact on pressuring governments to change their policies .
4. Granting asylum to people on the basis of sexual orientation sends a clear message to the international community that it is not okay to discriminate on the grounds of sexual orientation and that the West not only strongly disapproves of this behaviour , but that , more importantly , they will take active steps to counter-act your discriminatory policies .
5. Through the use of soft power , the policies of nations are slowly but surely moderated and a global consensus is created .
6. What is important to note here is that there is a gradual normative consensus that is manufactured under this system .
7. One of the most powerful weapons in the international communitys arsenal is the soft power of condemnation .
8. Global consensus on progressive rights for the LGBT community will be aided through this policy .
9. The West with its immense wealth and importance in international institutions such as the United Nations have a lot of power when it comes to influencing discriminatory policies in other nations .
10. One of the most important things the international community can do is use its weight and influence to advocate protection of vulnerable peoples and promote moral and social causes .

This House believes that sexual orientation should be considered grounds for asylum.
This House would abolish the US Electoral College
What argument could one make about this debate topic?

The electoral college weakens incentives for voting and party building.
What debate topic are the following sentences about?

1. Animals are trained to perform tricks using whips , electronic goads , sticks , food-deprivation etc. .
2. The circus is another arena in which human beings abuse other animals .
3. The necessity of regular transportation means that the circus can never provide an appropriate home for wild animals .
4. Wild animals such as lions , tigers , and elephants are kept in shamefully inadequate conditions in tiny spaces .
5. And what for ?
6. These animals are forced to travel thousands of miles in cramped and squalid conditions and frequently end up physically and mentally ill .
7. What sort of lesson does it teach our children about non-human animals to take them to the circus and see these great creatures demeaned and controlled by force to perform silly tricks ?
8. Purely for the entertainment of we arrogant exploitative humans .
9. The main purpose of horse - and dog-racing is for human beings to indulge their penchant for gambling .
10. Horses and dogs are among the principle victims of exploitation in human sporting activities .

This House would ban the use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment
Sentences: 1. -LSB- 7 -RSB-
2. Parents who left school at a young age are also more likely to have children who leave school early -LRB- only 60 % of those children stay in education past 16 -RRB- -LSB- 6 -RSB- .
3. Forcing all children to stay in school longer will help break this cycle of disadvantage .
4. Making sure that everyone gets the same amount of time at school promotes equality .
5. At the moment leaving school early is linked to economic and social disadvantage : those from poorer areas and families are more likely to leave school early than those from wealthier families .

What claim can be made from these sentences?

Raising the school leaving age promotes equal opportunities
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. Available :
2. A Rivalry that Threatens the World . .
3. Even wealthy , small states are susceptible to foreign attack , since their wealth can not make up for their lack of manpower .
4. This is particularly true of small and poor states .
5. Often states lack the capacity to defend themselves with conventional weapons .
6. States , as the building blocks of international society , have an inviolable right to self-defense , and this right extends to the possession of miniature , tactical nuclear weapons .
7. Clearly , nuclear weapons serve in many ways to equalize states irrespective of size , allowing them to more effectively defend themselves .
8. An example of this is the 2008 invasion of Georgia by Russian troops , which would likely never have occurred had Georgia possessed an arsenal of tactical nuclear weapons , as Russia would have thought twice when considering that its large tank formations could be wiped out by a single well-placed tactical warhead .
9. If a large state attempts to intimidate , or even invade a smaller neighbor , it will be unable to effectively cow it , since the small state will have the power to severely damage , or even destroy , the would-be invader 's military capacity with a few well-placed miniature nuclear missiles -LSB- 1 -RSB- .
10. When armed with tactical nuclear weapons , all states become equal in terms of capacity to do harm to one another .

All countries have an inherent right to self-defense even when they lack the capacity to do so with conventional weapons.
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. Some parents are carriers of known sex-specific diseases .
2. Microsort .
3. Males disproportionately suffer from X chromosome problems because their body has no copy to fall back on These range in nature from baldness and colour blindness to muscular dystrophy and haemophilia .
4. It is obviously in the child 's interests that they do n't have such a condition .
5. Women are disproportionately affected by diseases of the immune system .
6. Retrieved May 20 , 2011 , from Genetics and IVF Institute :
7. Determining its gender can ensure that .
8. The MicroSort technique uses a ` sperm-sifting ' machine to detect the minute difference between y and double x chromosome-carrying sperm : no genetic harm results from its use .
9. Fragile X Syndrome .
10. Retrieved May 20 , 2011 , from BBC Health : 2 .

Sex-specific, generic diseases can be avoided
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. In a free market , goods are voluntarily exchanged at a price arranged solely by the mutual consent of sellers and buyers .
2. The aggregate market price is the result of all individual transactions and contains important information for both buyers and sellers .
3. When there is more demand than supply , prices rise -LRB- because buyers have to outbid each other -RRB- , making it attractive for new producers to enter the market and thus adding supply .
4. When there is more supply than demand , prices fall , causing some sellers to leave the market since their production costs are higher than the price at which they can sell .
5. Thus , in the long run , markets settle on an equilibrium price where demand and supply are exactly equal .
6. Examples of the free market actually working are all around us : take the supply of the pen and paper used to take notes on .
7. If the price is too high at one store , anyone would move to another store where its cheaper .
8. Therefore , sellers have an incentive to provide the best quality at the lowest price .
9. Central planning can never be as efficient as myriads of individually planning buyers and sellers in reaching this equilibrium .
10. For example , a central planner who sets a price floor will likely create excess supply in that specific market .

The free market is the most efficient way to match supply and demand
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. Much like the Scottish and Welsh , the Northern Irish feel Northern Irish .
2. There is little sense of attachment to the UK , and British institutions .
3. If they are included more in the political process there can be debate , discussion and an airing of grievances which can then be resolved .
4. A united Ireland doesnt have to marginalize the Protestant population .
5. If Unionists are included in the political process in a united Ireland they will have no grievances and there will finally be a lasting peace .
6. It is clear that Unionists just want to have power over how they run their lives .
7. This shows that the ties to Britain are not emotional , but political .

Uniting Ireland would bring about an end to sectarian violence
Claim: Legal coca cultivation would enhance economic growth in developing states
What evidence supports this claim?

1. The legalization of coca cultivation globally would allow for the expansion of these economic benefits .
2. The coca leaf may have uses as a stimulant and flavouring agent in drinks -LRB- in which it is currently used to a limited extent in the West -RRB- , but also in the expansion of the many domestic products currently in use in the Andes , including syrups , teas , shampoo and toothpaste .
3. When it is allowed , however , coca cultivation can actually have economic benefits .
4. Peasant cultivators in the Andes have indicated their belief that coca chewing helps increase production in agriculture , fisheries and mining .
5. Pasquale Quispe , 53 , owner of a 7.4-acre Bolivian coca farm , explained to the New York Times in 2006 : Coca is our daily bread , what gives us work , what gives us our livelihood .
6. Previous attempts to eradicate coca cultivation in Bolivia harmed the poorest farmers there and led to significant social unrest .
7. Millions of people in South America chew coca leaves , so this practice can not simply be wished away .
8. Moreover , it currently acts as a vital income source in many impoverished areas of the Andes .
9. It may also have a use as a general anaesthetic .
10. Only the legalization of its cultivation globally will allow these product and economic potentials to be fully realized and allow humanity to reap the full rewards of the coca plant , rather than simply being limited by the fear and stigma surrounding its illegal use in cocaine .
Claim: The ban on homework could be easily enforced through school inspections
What evidence supports this claim?

1. Children , who do n't like homework at the best of times , would not lie .
2. A ban on homework would thus not require a level of trust between the state and individual school principals , for state inspectors could very quickly work out whether homework was being given out by asking the children themselves .
3. In Britain for example , Ofsted is a public body that exists specifically to inspect public schools .
4. In many countries public schools require regular school inspections to ensure students are receiving a relatively equal level of education .
What is the debate topic for the following sentences?

1. Arts , ,
2. It is difficult to see who benefits from such an arrangement .
3. It also means that graduates are likely to be destined to long term financial instability because of a decision they made as a teenager .
4. As well as being an issue for the individual , this affects wider society , as those on lower incomes are more likely to become dependent on the state at some point in their life and are less well placed to stimulate other sectors of the economy through their own consumption .
5. It is a simple fact that degrees in the Arts offer less earning potential than those in all other sectors -LRB- except Education and social work -RRB- .
6. The median in the US is $ 45,000 but this disguises the lower end of the scale , with 25 % earning $ 30,000 a year or less .
7. The median earning figure across Arts degrees is , itself deceptive .
8. Teachers and social workers may have comparatively low salaries but at least they can be assured of job security .
9. Unlike education and social work which at least tend to have the consistency of a government salary , the Arts are also fantastically unreliable as an employment sector .
10. As a result , encouraging the creative arts through university qualifications places both an initial and , potentially , ongoing cost on the rest of society .

This House believes degrees in the creative arts are luxuries society can no longer afford
Sentences: 1. In the Philippines this will mean greater numbers of teen pregnancies and pregnancies out of marriage because abortion will remain illegal .
2. Allowing contraception will take away a psychological barrier that prevents pre-marital or casual sex and once that barrier is crossed the individual will have higher sexual activity .
3. The Reproductive Health bill undermines both .
4. Perhaps the most important values in the Philippines are social harmony and respect for the family .
5. With a single-mindedness of purpose , the presidential palace has put everything on the table to shore up the votes required in parliament .
6. The Reproductive Health bill represents the worst excesses of the pork barrel buffet .
7. Obviously the bill has been very politically divisive so undermining social harmony but also to pass this bill many parliamentarians had to be bribed so undermining this social harmony .
8. In terms of politics these values mean support for democracy but also being against corruption and graft .
9. Dolan , Ronald E. , ed. , .
10. Legislators , who had previously voted against the legislation , often repeatedly , where threatened with the loss of programmes in their constituencies if they failed to back the project , which has been at the heart of the presidential agenda .

What claim can be made from these sentences?

The bill violates the Philippine values of harmony and respect
What is the debate topic for the following sentences?

1. Many firms also offer so-called defined benefit pension plans to their workers .
2. Pensions of this type guarantee that a worker will receive a certain , regular level of income on retirement an amount calculated according to a fixed formula that takes account of an employees salary and the length of their service with a company .
3. Creating a mandatory retirement age ensures that businesses will be able to maintain employees pension plans and healthcare schemes .
4. In many liberal democracies that operate without centralised , government sponsored welfare systems , the support provided by employers insurance systems is the only means of obtaining hospital care or a retirement income for a large number of working age individuals .
5. Further , as individuals age they will represent more of a risk in terms of healthcare liabilities .
6. As an individual ages , the likelihood that she will develop chronic diseases such as cancer increases .
7. As the Ford motor company attempted to do in 2010 , many firms will attempt to remove older employees who show no desire to retire of their own volition .
8. The older an employee is at the point of retirement , the more money - under a defined benefit plan - a firm will have to pay out in the form of pension contributions .
9. The greater the aggregate age of a companys workforce , the more likely it is that the company will , at some point , have to cover the costs of treating a serious illness .
10. Two specific harms result from this situation .

This House would institute a mandatory retirement age
What debate topic are the following sentences about?

1. Further , other sources of potential distraction , such as passengers or car radios , may provide a net gain in utility to road users and other stakeholders in mass transit systems .
2. As such the fact that other distractions exist , even if they are as harmful as cellphones , is no reason to not to ban their use .
3. They are an object which can easily be identified , and with phone bills it is possible to find out if a person is lying when they are caught for using cell phones in cars .
4. Cell phones in cars , unlike a variety of other distractions , can be regulated easily .
5. Car radios are somewhat more controversial and principally if they prove to be as bad a distraction as a mobile phone then proposition would have no problem with banning them .
6. For example , children might require their parents to drive them to school .
7. To take this argument further , there are many people who can not drive but require use of cars .
8. Being able to carry multiple people in cars for example helps society through a reduction in carbon emissions as well as simply through a reduction in traffic .
9. Whilst they may be distracting , given the huge benefit they cause for society it is legitimate for them to be allowed .
10. However , things such as news and traffic updates are probably more useful to a driver than the use of mobile phones .

This House would legalise the use of cell phones in cars
What claim can be made from the following pieces of evidence?

1. -LSB- 1 -RSB- CENTCOM Historical / Cultural Advisory Group : The Impact of War on Iraqs Cultural Heritage : Operation Iraqi Freedom , accessed 20/9/12 ,
2. Making such crimes punishable by the ICC alongside crimes like genocide would add a deterrent factor and make it less likely people would deliberately destroy cultural property .
3. Moreover , the current conventions lack sufficient deterrents to back-up its protective measures .
4. Firstly , it provides insufficient protection , since even high-value cultural property under enhanced protection can be legally targeted in a conflict , if it is being used by opposition forces .
5. Under the status quo , UNESCO conventions alone are insufficient to protect cultural property .
6. Were the desecration and destruction of items and sites of cultural heritage to be an internationally recognised crime against humanity , people would be more reluctant in causing either intended or collateral damage -LRB- in a conflict -RRB- to them .
7. By treating the destruction of cultural property as a crime against humanity , rather than simply a violation of UNESCO conventions , the protection of cultural heritage is seen as an increased moral imperative .
8. -LSB- 1 -RSB- US forces were not concerned with potentially damaging cultural property or going against UNESCO conventions , simply because there were insufficient penalties in place to deter them from doing so .
9. This constitutes a violation of the UNESCO conventions , because US forces actively caused damage to the cultural property and also , in locating their forces there , made the site of ancient Babylon a legitimate military target for opposing forces .
10. For example , US forces set up military bases in and around ancient Babylon during the Iraq war and even used parts of the ancient site to make sandbags .

Making destruction of cultural property a crime against humanity would ensure it is protected.
It is domestic not international legitimacy that matters
Come up with some evidence to support this claim.

1. Since a government 's legitimacy is domestically derived from the support of its people if they support the policy then it is legitimate .
2. What matters for a state when it comes to foreign policy , and therefore with helping to circumvent censorship , is whether the policy is considered legitimate domestically .
3. Stevenson , Kirsten , Strong support for democracy promotion in national opinion ballot , , 23 October 2012 ,
4. While it is often not considered a top priority people in democracies usually support promoting human rights and spreading democracy around the world .
Summarize the argument implied by these sentences?

1. Critically , in addition , any form of mineral-dependent energy is based on a resource that will deplete be that coal or uranium .
2. Wind , by contrast , is the ultimate sustainable resource .
3. The critical , and increasing , issue of a reliance on fossil fuels is that the price is not only increasing but is doing so in an unpredictable manner .
4. Oil and gas in particular are subject to the political whim of some of the worlds most unpredictable regimes .
5. Wind , by contrast , is produced domestically or , where it is exported , is produced in stable European nations .
6. Given the choice between negotiating with Chavezs Venezuela or Putins Russia for oil and gas or with Belgium or Germany for wind energy is really not a difficult choice .

Wind energy provides for price stability in the long-term, wind will be with us for the duration
Resolved: Adaptation should be the most urgent response to Climate Change.
What argument could one make about this debate topic?

The necessary research alone will take time and should be a priority
Claim: An active, “big” federal government is best for the American people
What evidence supports this claim?

1. Financial returns from investments in such areas are often insufficient to incentivise private sector investment .
2. However such schemes generate high levels of welfare benefits that are desirable from a societal perspective .
3. President Obama believes in an activist governments role in improving society .
4. Without public intervention , private markets will not sufficiently address inequality or several other public needs , such as environmental preservation and public transportation .
5. -LSB- 1 -RSB- This is the policy he has pursued in his first term with a successful stimulus of $ 787 billion .
6. -LSB- 2 -RSB- Obamas tax policy boils down to the empirical belief that taxing the rich will help the economy grow , because the revenue can be used on important government programs that can spur growth , and the philosophical argument that the American economy should be more equal and that the U.S. government can and should do more to directly address inequality .
7. Obamas economic policy draws on Keynesian economic theory , which is the belief that a mixed economy of public and private enterprise , bolstered by a strong welfare state , can jumpstart the economy .
8. In order to create public enterprise , the government needs to spend , either by building a deficit or from tax revenue .
9. It should therefore not be a surprise that Obama wants the Bush era tax cuts for the richest reversed arguing `` I just believe that anybody making over $ 250,000 should go back to the income tax rates we were paying under Bill Clinton . ''
10. -LSB- 3 -RSB- -LSB- 1 -RSB- Blinder , Alan S. , Keynesian Economics , , 2 Ed. , 2008 , Library of Economics and Liberty , -LSB- 2 -RSB- Grunwald , Michael , Think Again : Obamas New Deal , , Sept/Oct 2012 , -LSB- 3 -RSB- Bendery , Jennifer , Obama Calls For One-Year Extension Of Bush-Era Tax Cuts For First $ 250,000 Of Income , , 9 July 2012 ,
This house Believes People Should Not Keep Pets
What is a possible side to this debate?

Keeping pets is a violation of animal rights.
1. In fact , many such relationships do involve some form of electronic contact1 .
2. Being allowed to communicate with students via facebook would greatly facilitate misconduct by a teacher who wants to start an inappropriate relationship with a student , by giving him virtually unlimited access to the students after school .
3. Teachers are already in a position of power and trust in the relationship with their students .
4. Social networking websites have proven to be particularly effective for child grooming by pedophiles .
5. By banning this form of communication , the law would make it harder for teachers with bad intentions to carry them through .

What is the general argument implied by these sentences?

Electronic communication facilitates sexual misconduct.
1. If the problem is a lack of experience then this proposal solves the problem .
2. Giving younger people a temporary job and the experience that goes with it will help give everyone an equal chance at getting a job , irrespective of age .
3. Less than a third of under 25s who were looking for a job in 2010 found one in 2011 this may be due to ageist discrimination against young people , and employers seeking people with experience .
4. People over 25 are also considered as a high risk group .
5. They have little experience so the employer is taking a risk in employing them .
6. There is also a desire for stability ; those who already have a family are unlikely to want large changes so employers feel they can bet on them for the long term .
7. The EU member states should rely more on public employment services , which should be focused on finding jobs for young people .
8. With government funding , they can work with the private sector to offer decent temporary jobs to young people .
9. This model is common in the Nordic states and other countries , such as Austria , Germany and Switzerland also have similar programs .
10. Youth unemployment is already far higher than for older people .

What is the general argument implied by these sentences?

The EU should guarantee youth a job in order to equal their chances.
This House would abandon the timetable for withdrawal from Afghanistan
What argument could one make about this debate topic?

The war in Afghanistan is necessary for US and NATO security
What debate topic are the following sentences about?

1. The issuing of ASBOs is inconsistent and almost amounts to a geographical lottery .
2. People can be jailed for breaching an ASBO where the original offence was itself non-imprisonable i.e. .
3. The Order included an restriction preventing him entering a particular estate nearby and another preventing him from associating with certain others .
4. Unfortunately , he went out before reading the Order and beached it twice that day .
5. The next day he went out again and breached it three times by mistake as he had not read the part covering the particular restriction .
6. He now faces possibly custody although he has never been convicted of a criminal offence .
7. A youth recently appeared in Court in Manchester for breach of his ASBO .
8. The Order had been made in the youth 's absence without his being able to give his side of the story -LRB- one of the main concerns about ASBOs and one that can lead to misuse -RRB- .
9. The day after the Order was made someone came to his house to `` serve '' it on him .
10. This consisted of his being handed a copy of what was a fairly bulky document running to several dozen pages with no attempt to explain it or even to ascertain if he was literate enough to read it .

This House would scrap Anti-Social Behaviour Orders (UK)
Claim: States must be responsible to their own citizens first
What evidence supports this claim?

1. There will always be trafficking as long as there are n't open borders .
2. And we should maintain strict controls on both immigration and asylum .
3. States must focus on the needs of their people first , and the reaction of citizens in accepting countries is quite rightly the feeling that their hospitality and good intentions are being abused at the moment .
4. The social harms that these feelings cause - suspicion , xenophobia , racism and disruption of social harmony and tolerance - are too large and too damaging to the actual citizens of states to justify the maintenance of a failing system that may help some few outsiders .
5. The responsibilities of governments to their own citizens must come first .
Summarize the argument implied by these sentences?

1. However in 2010 in the UK there were 119589 divorces ; 11.1 per 1000 married population .
2. The main objective of marriage is often said to be bringing up children in a stable environment .
3. -LRB- Rogers , 2011 -RRB- This clearly does not fulfill the initial basic aim of marriage as so many marriages end In divorce with the resulting splits affecting the children .
4. Furthermore in the same year , the median duration of a marriage remained at a low level of 11.4 years .
5. This relationship should not have to be through marriage ; rather it would simply be a partnership in the way that many couples already live today .
6. In fact , a much more stable environment can be provided by a better relationship , even without matrimonial vows -LRB- Cherlin 2009 -RRB- .

Does not provide any more of a stable environment for child rearing than a regular monogamous relationship
This House believes that Puerto Rico should seek American statehood
What is a possible side to this debate?

Puerto Rico would benefit economically from statehood
1. Such intangible benefits to the fields of science and engineering , as John Logsdon argues , can not so easily be calculated and contrasted with the concrete figures that symbolize the costs of space programs .
2. Though demand could not meet supply , many remained in the field and took up jobs in civil engineering , scientific research and medicine .
3. In 1969 , the Moon landing acted as the catalyst for a whole generation of children 's love for all things space and the proliferation of young men and women seeking to become astronauts .
4. Space exploration is about more than the end , what is discovered or answered , it is also about the means , the process by which we are able to traverse the Universe .

What is the general argument implied by these sentences?

Space exploration serves as a stimulus for children to enter the fields of science and engineering
Summarize the argument implied by these sentences?

1. The state has , throughout history , been responsible for an immeasurable amount of violence and destruction .
2. From ancient times where states were the primary instrument of enforcing laws so that people could keep slaves , to the actions of imperial nations like Britain , to the holocaust to all of the pointless wars fought throughout history , states have a long record of slaughtering and ruining the lives of countless numbers of their own and other states people .
3. William Eckhardt estimates battle deaths since 3000 BC at 151million while Beer came out with a much higher figure of 1.1 billion battle deaths -LRB- NB both use dodgy calculations and of course in either case the total military deaths let alone civilian would be much higher -RRB- .
4. These actions are always taken because they are in the interest of the ruling class , but the ruling classes are never the ones directly involved in these conflicts , they instead use the state as an instrument to coerce other people to fight their battles for them .
5. In a stateless society the people might need to fight against oppression but they would never be forced to fight for causes that have nothing to do with them .

The state has far too often been an instrument for facilitating wars and other acts of violence.