Age: 79.0
Sex: F
Vaccine: COVID19
Symptoms: Pleural effusion, Pneumothorax, Poor quality sleep, Productive cough, Pyrexia
Clinical narrative: ED Discharged  4/4/2021 (4 hours) Hospital Emergency Department  Last attending ? Treatment team Generalized weakness +4 more Clinical impression Weakness - Generalized ? Chills Chief complaint ED Provider Notes Emergency Medicine Expand AllCollapse All      HPI      Chief Complaint Patient presents with ? Weakness - Generalized ? Chills     HPI 79-year-old female, history of COPD for which she wears oxygen at night and as needed, also with a history of leukemia and obesity who presents to the ED complaining of generalized body aches, fevers up to 103, feeling generally unwell and weak, poor sleep, onset 3 to 4 days ago.  Patient reports that she received her second COVID-19 vaccine approximately 1 week ago.  Tolerated this without any particular symptoms.  She has had 2 days of watery/nonbloody diarrhea.  Does admit to nausea with several episodes of vomiting earlier today.  She is denying any particular abdominal pain.  Does believe she felt her urine burning earlier today but has had no gross hematuria.  Denies any flank pain.  No ill contacts although her husband has been at home with a slight cough.  Patient does have a cough presently but it is nonproductive.  She is denying any particular chest pain or subjective shortness of breath.  No rash or unusual lower extremity pain, swelling, or redness.    ED to Hosp-Admission Discharged  4/6/2021 - 4/17/2021 (11 days) Hospital  Last attending ? Treatment team Severe sepsis (CMS/HCC) Principal problem Discharge Summary Internal Medicine    Inpatient DeathSummary   BRIEF OVERVIEW Admission Date: 4/6/2021     Discharge Date: 4/17/2021  DETAILS OF HOSPITAL STAY   Presenting Problem/History of Present Illness/Reason for Admission Patient is an 79 y.o. female morbidly obese with past medical history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia follow-up that was initially scheduled oncology follow-up for April 7 now postponed to the next 2 weeks, COPD on 2 L oxygen support at home, GERD, depression and anxiety.  She was recently seen in the ED on April 4, 2021 with complaint of shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, fever, chills, nonbloody diarrhea, vomiting and weakness and subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19.  She had however received a second dose of COVID-19 a week before and was  discharged home due to lack of significant findings on imaging chest x-ray and lack of requirement for higher  oxygen support. She presented to the emergency via EMS for evaluation of progressive shortness of breath with associated with fever, chills, headache, persistent shortness of breath, cough productive of thick clear sputum, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.  She denies abdominal pain, chest pain, or dizziness.  Denies recent antibiotic usage or recent travel.  Apparently, she thought she was getting better upon discharge after being kept for about 12 hours in the last ED visit, however she was not feeling well after going to bed last night and asked the husband to call 911.  Upon EMS arrival patient was saturating in the 80s and in respiratory distress.  She received 1 DuoNeb and was eventually placed on 10 L oxygen support.  She was noted to be in significant respiratory distress during speech.   Hospital Course Patient was admitted to hospital due to shortness of breath, and was found to have severe sepsis on presentation due to COVID-19 pneumonia.  She had evidence of acute on chronic hypoxic respiratory failure as well.  She was started on IV antibiotics, as well as remdesivir and Decadron at high dose.   Unfortunately she continued to have clinical deterioration, and ultimately required high flow oxygen therapy.  She was then transferred to the ICU, and ultimately required intubation due to severe profound ongoing hypoxia despite optimal medical treatment.  She did not respond to remdesivir or steroids or antibiotics.  Post intubation, she also developed acute renal failure during the course of her admission.   Multiple discussions were had throughout the hospitalization regarding goals of care, and initially patient and family wish to be continually aggressive.  She received full medical treatment, including life support, with minimal improvement.  Despite being on ventilator for roughly 5 days, she continued to have severe hypoxia.  She was proned, and was unable to sustain oxygen saturations when supine even for short period.   Her renal function continued to decline as well, and at that point discussion was had with family regarding goals of care again.  They were explained that symptoms continue to be persistent, and her illness continues to progress despite aggressive medical therapy.  Ultimately decision was made to not pursue dialysis, and to allow the patient to be kept comfortable and pass away naturally from this infection.   She was terminally extubated on 4/17 and passed away at 11:16 AM due to COVID-19 and acute on chronic hypoxic respiratory failure.   Operative Procedures Performed X-ray Abdomen 1 View   Result Date: 4/13/2021 Narrative: Single view portable abdomen INDICATION: Nasogastric tube placement, encounter initial Supine portable view of the lower chest and abdomen demonstrates nasogastric tube with tip and side-port in the gas-distended stomach. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View   Result Date: 4/16/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW IMPRESSION: No significant change from the previous examination. END OF IMPRESSION: INDICATION: Worsening hypoxemia. TECHNIQUE: AP projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: X-ray 4/13/2021. FINDINGS: The endotracheal tube, nasogastric tube, and right IJ central venous catheter are unchanged. Right-sided chest tube is unchanged. There is a small left pleural effusion. There is diffuse bilateral hazy airspace opacification. No change from prior. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View   Result Date: 4/15/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW PORT IMPRESSION: Tubes and lines as described. Small left effusion. Unchanged patchy bilateral airspace consolidation. END OF IMPRESSION: INDICATION: worsening hypoxemia. TECHNIQUE: AP projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: X-ray 4/14/2021. FINDINGS: The endotracheal tube, nasogastric tube, and right IJ central venous catheter are unchanged. The right-sided chest tube is unchanged. There is no pneumothorax. There is a small effusion. There is diffuse bilateral patchy airspace consolidation. There is no significant change. Cardiac silhouette is normal size. There is calcification of the aorta. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View - Daily   Result Date: 4/14/2021 Narrative: Chest radiograph HISTORY: Covid 19 infection. Mechanical ventilation. Comments: Frontal radiograph of the chest was obtained and compared to the prior study dated 4/13/2021. The heart is at the upper limits of normal. The mediastinum is within normal limits. Interstitial alveolar opacities are demonstrated bilaterally consistent with pneumonia. There is an endotracheal tube with the distal end approximately 4.3 cm from the carina. Nasogastric tube is noted directed towards the stomach. There is a right jugular central catheter. A right-sided pigtail catheter is seen. IMPRESSION: 1. Persistent bilateral interstitial alveolar opacities consistent with pneumonia. 2. Lines and tubes in place as described. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View, Portable   Result Date: 4/14/2021 Narrative: PROCEDURE INFORMATION: Exam: XR Chest Exam date and time: 4/13/2021 11:46 PM Age: 79 years old Clinical indication: Hypoxia; Covid+ TECHNIQUE: Imaging protocol: XR of the chest. Views: 1 view. COMPARISON: DX XR CHEST 1 VW 4/13/2021 10:50 AM FINDINGS: Tubes, catheters and devices: Endotracheal tube tip located at the level of the carina. Pigtail drainage catheter tip remains superimposed over the lateral right mid lung zone. Nasogastric tube enters the stomach but tip not included on the image. Tip of right internal jugular central venous catheter in SVC. Cardiac leads superimposed over the chest bilaterally. Lungs: Compared to chest x-ray examination performed earlier on 04/13/2021 at 1051 hrs, new consolidation and/or atelectasis in the left lung base. No significant interval change in scattered patches of ground-glass opacity (GGO) within each lung. Patient has history of COVID-19. Pleural spaces: Small right apical pneumothorax (12 mm). New small left pleural fluid collection. No right pleural fluid collection. Heart/Mediastinum:  Stable cardiac silhouette Bones/joints: Unremarkable for age. IMPRESSION: 1.  Endotracheal tube tip located at the level of the carina. 2.  Pigtail drainage catheter tip remains superimposed over the lateral right mid lung zone. 3.  Small right apical pneumothorax (12 mm). 4.  Compared to chest x-ray examination performed earlier on 04/13/2021 at 1051 hrs, new consolidation and/or atelectasis in the left lung base. 5.  New small left pleural fluid collection. 6.  No significant interval change in scattered patches of ground-glass opacity (GGO) within each lung. Patient has history of COVID-19. THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN ELECTRONICALLY SIGNED BY MD   X-ray Chest 1 View, Portable   Result Date: 4/13/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW PORT INDICATION: verify placement of right chest tube.  Encounter: Subsequent. TECHNIQUE: AP portable erect projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: Earlier today. FINDINGS: The left thoracostomy tube terminates near the lateral right midlung. No other change. Extensive pulmonary infiltrates. Stable life support lines. The previous right pneumothorax has predominantly resolved, only a thin crescent of air caps the right apex. END OF IMPRESSION: This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View, Portable   Result Date: 4/13/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW PORT IMPRESSION: Lines as described. There is a small right-sided pneumothorax. Unchanged bilateral airspace consolidation. END OF IMPRESSION: INDICATION: verify placement of CVC and post intubation. TECHNIQUE: AP projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: X-ray 4/11/2021. FINDINGS: There is a right IJ central venous catheter. Tip is projected over the SVC. There is a small right apical pneumothorax. Endotracheal tube terminates 2 cm superior to the carina. The nasogastric tube passes beneath the diaphragm. Multifocal areas of patchy airspace consolidation bilaterally. Findings do not appear significantly changed from prior. The cardiac silhouette is normal size. There is calcification of the aorta. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View   Result Date: 4/11/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW PORT IMPRESSION: Mildly worsened bilateral airspace consolidation. END OF IMPRESSION: INDICATION: worsening respiratory failure, covid pneumonia worsening respiratory failure, covid pneumonia. TECHNIQUE: AP projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: X-ray 4/8/2021. FINDINGS: The left costophrenic angle is partially excluded. The lungs are adequately expanded. There are large areas of patchy airspace consolidation bilaterally. Findings have mildly increased in severity. There is no effusion or pneumothorax. The cardiac silhouette is mildly enlarged. There is calcification of the aorta. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View   Result Date: 4/8/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW PORT INDICATION: Worsening hypoxemia, Covid pneumonia.  Encounter: Initial. TECHNIQUE: AP portable erect projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: 4/4/2021. FINDINGS: Scattered pulmonary infiltrates is developed bilaterally, greatest in the right upper and right lower lobe. No change in the heart, mediastinum, or bony thorax. IMPRESSIONS: Developing pulmonary infiltrates. END OF IMPRESSION: This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   X-ray Chest 1 View - Portable   Result Date: 4/4/2021 Narrative: XR CHEST 1 VW PORT IMPRESSION: No evidence of acute pulmonary disease. END OF IMPRESSION: INDICATION: SOB, weak, cough SOB, weak, cough. TECHNIQUE: Portable AP projection of the chest is acquired. COMPARISON: 6/5/2020 FINDINGS: Heart size appears unremarkable. There is mild prominence of pulmonary arteries. This is stable. There is no focal consolidation or effusion. This report was created using Voice Recognition software. Thank you for allowing us to participate in the care of your patient.   Transthoracic Echo (tte) Complete   Result Date: 4/11/2021 Narrative: Gender: Female Age: 79 Procedure Date: 4/11/2021 10:19 AM Study Quality: Fair Ht / Wt / BSA: 66.00 in /  218.00 lb /  2.07 m2 Heart Rate: 77 bpm BP: 181 / 81 mmHg Indications: Arrhythmia           Transthoracic 2D, Color Flow, and Doppler Echocardiogram      Conclusions: The left ventricle is normal in size.          Ejection Fraction 55% (normal range 50-70%).   All wall segments showed normal motion.        Mild concentric LVH.                           Trivial aortic regurgitation.                  No additional significant valvular abnormality. No prior study for comparison.                 Presentation and History: Indication: The patient presents for evaluation of arrhythmia.  The patient has a history of obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Findings: Procedure Information: Contrast agent, definity, is being given per protocol without apparent complications.  Due to technical limitations in the assessment of the left ventricle, imaging was performed after the administration of intravenous Definity echocontrast, as per protocol. Left Ventricle: The left ventricle is normal in size.  There is mildly increased left ventricular wall thickness.  The left ventricular systolic function is normal.  The visually estimated ejection fraction is 55% (normal range 50 70%). Wall Motion: All wall segments showed normal motion. Right Ventricle: RV not well visualized.  RV grossly normal in size and function by subcostal view. Atria: The left atrium is borderline dilated.  The right atrium is normal in size. Aortic Valve: Sclerotic appearing aortic valve with no significant aortic stenosis. Trivial aortic regurgitation. Mitral Valve: There is trace mitral valve regurgitation by color flow and doppler analysis.  There is no mitral valve stenosis by color flow and doppler analysis. Pulmonic Valve: There is no evidence of significant pulmonic valvular stenosis or insufficiency by color flow and doppler analysis. Tricuspid Valve: There is trace tricuspid valve regurgitation by color flow and doppler analysis. Great Vessels: All visible segments of the aorta are normal in size. Venous: The inferior vena cava is normal in size and collapses greater than 50% with inspiration. Pericardium/Pleural: There is no evidence of pericardial effusion. Prior Study Comparison: No prior study for comparison.                                             Measurements: Left Ventricle: IVSd: 0.85 cm (0.6-0.9/0.6-1.0) LVIDd: 5.10 cm (3.9-5.3/4.2-5.9) LVIDd Index: 2.46 cm/m2 (2.4-3.2/2.2-3.1) LVIDs: 3.56 cm (2.0-3.6) LVPWd: 0.95 cm (0.7-1.1) Ao Root: 3.30 cm (2.1-3.5) LV Mass: 203.25 g (67-162/88-224) LV Mass Index: 98.19 g/m2 (43-95/49-115) LVOT Diam: 1.90 cm (3.0+(-)1.3) LVOT Pk Vel: 0.91 LVOT Mn Vel: 0.63 LVOT VTI: 0.20 LVOT Pk Grad: 3.00 LVOT Mn Grad: 2.00 LVOT Diam: 1.90 LVOT Area: 2.84 MV Pk E: 0.66 MV Pk A: 0.66 E/A: 1.00 E'Medial: 5.33 E/E' Med: 12.30 E' Laterial: 10.60 E/E' Lat: 6.20   Mitral Valve: MV Pk E: 0.66 MV PK A: 0.66 MV Decel Time: 209.00 E/A: 1.00 E'Lateral: 10.60 E'Medial: 5.33 E/E' Med: 12.30 E/E' Lat: 6.20 PHT: 61.00 MVA PHT: 3.61 Decel Slope: 3.14   Aortic Valve: AoV Pk Vel: 1.65 AoV Mn Vel: 1.22 AoV VTI: 0.39 AoV Pk Grad: 11.00 Aov Mn Grad: 7.00 AVA Cont.VTI: 1.42  Tricuspid Valve: TR Pk Vel: 2.89 TR Pk Grad: 33.00 RA Press: 10.00 RVSP: 43.00   Great Vessels: Ao Root-2D: 3.30 cm (2.0-3.7) Ao Asc: 3.30 cm (2.1-3.4)      Updated on 4/11/2021 5:10:04 PM with Status of Final           electronically signed on 4/11/2021 5:10:04 PM with status of Final                                         Ct Covid Chest Low Dose Without Contrast   Result Date: 4/6/2021 Narrative: PROCEDURE INFORMATION: Exam: CT Chest Without Contrast; Diagnostic Exam date and time: 4/6/2021 4:21 AM Age: 79 years old Clinical indication: Cough and shortness of breath; Patient HX: +covid; Additional info: Cough. Shortness of breath, covid TECHNIQUE: Imaging protocol: Diagnostic computed tomography of the chest without contrast. 3D rendering (Not supervised by radiologist): MIP and/or 3D reconstructed images were created by the technologist. Radiation optimization: All CT scans at this facility use at least one of these dose optimization techniques: automated exposure control; mA and/or kV adjustment per patient size (includes targeted exams where dose is matched to clinical indication); or iterative reconstruction. COMPARISON: CT CHEST WO CONTRAST 3/8/2021 2:28 PM FINDINGS: Lungs: There are patchy peripheral ground-glass opacities which can be seen with atypical pneumonia. Pleural spaces: Unremarkable. No pneumothorax. No pleural effusion. Heart: No cardiomegaly. No pericardial effusion. Aorta: Atherosclerotic changes of the aorta. Lymph nodes: Unremarkable. No enlarged lymph nodes. Bones/joints: Unremarkable. No acute fracture. Soft tissues: Unremarkable. IMPRESSION: Patchy peripheral ground-glass opacities which can be seen with atypical pneumonia. THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN ELECTRONICALLY SIGNED BY MD