Title: Beyond the facade : political reform in the Arab world /
Authors: Ottaway, Marina; Choucair-Vizoso, Julia.
Publisher: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,
Year: 2008
Subjects: Democratization Arab countries.; Arab countries Politics and government
Abstract: Reform is a politically charged issue in the Middle East. Governments admit change is necessary, but do not want to surrender power. Opposition groups want democracy, but cannot generate sufficient momentum. The Bush administration's "freedom agenda" has brought issue into focus but blurred distinction between democracy promotion and forceful regime change. Some governments have taken steps toward political reform. Are these meaningful changes, or empty attempts to pacify domestic and international public opinion? How do we distinguish reforms that alter character of the political system from those that are only window dressing? This book evaluates changes that are taking place in the region and explores the potential for further reform. The essays provide detailed examinations of ten countries, highlighting diversity of processes and problems. They force us to recognize the reality of conflicting interests and the limitations of external actors to bring about political reform, while drawing lessons on how to make international democracy promotion more effective.
Contents: Evaluating Middle East reforms : significant or cosmetic? / Marina Ottaway -- The ups and downs of political reform in Egypt / Michele Dunne and Amr Hamzawy -- Illusive reform : Jordan's stubborn stability / Julia Choucair-Vizoso -- Reform in Syria : steering between the Chinese model and regime change / Ellen Lust-Okar -- Requiem for Palestinian reform : clear lessons from a troubled record / Nathan Brown -- Lebanon : the challenge of reform in a weak state / Julia Choucair-Vizoso -- Demilitarizing Algeria / Hugh Roberts -- Morocco : top-down reform without democratic transition / Marina Ottaway and Meredith Riley -- The Saudi labyrinth : is there a political opening? / Amr Hamzawy -- Kuwait : politics in a participatory emirate / Paul Salem -- Yemen : the centrality of process / Sarah Phillips -- Movement in lieu of change / Julia Choucair-Vizoso.