Title: The morality of happiness /
Authors: Annas, Julia.
Publisher: Oxford University Press,
Year: 1993
Subjects: Happiness; Ethics, Ancient.
Abstract: Ancient ethical theories, based on the notions of virtue and happiness, have struck many as an attractive alternative to modern theories. But we cannot find out whether this is true until we understand ancient ethics - and to do this we need to examine the basic structure of ancient ethical theory, not just the details of one or two theories. In this book, Julia Annas brings together the results of a wide-ranging study of ancient ethical philosophy and presents it in a way that is easily accessible to anyone with an interest in ancient or modern ethics. She examines the fundamental notions of happiness and virtue, the role of nature in ethical justification, and the relation between concern for self and concern for others. Her careful examination of the ancient debates and arguments shows that many widespread assumptions about ancient ethics are mistaken. Ancient ethical theories are not egoistic, and do not depend for their acceptance on metaphysical theories of a teleological kind. Most centrally, they are recognizably theories of morality, and the ancient disputes about the place of virtue in happiness can be seen as akin to modern disputes about the demands of morality. Accessible to nonspecialists and the only comprehensive treatment of ancient ethical theory, The Morality of Happiness will appeal to classicists, ancient philosophers, philosophers in moral and political philosophy, and all those interested in the history of ideas.
Contents: I. The basic ideas. 1. Making sense of my life as a whole -- 2. The virtues : Having the virtues ; The affective aspect of virtue ; The intellectual aspect of virtue ; The structure of moral reasoning: rules and insight ; Virtue and right action ; Ordinary and extraordinary virtue ; Virtue and morality -- II. Justification and the appeal to nature. 3. Nature and naturalism -- 4. Aristotle: nature and mere nature -- 5. The Stoics: human nature and the point of view of the universe -- 6. Antiochus: the intuitive view -- 7. The Epicureans: rethinking what is natural -- 8. The Sceptics: accepting what is natural : Pyrrho ; The sceptical academy ; Later Pyrrhonists: Sextus -- 9. Uses of nature -- III. The good life and the good lives of others. 10. The good of others -- 11. Finding room for other-concern : The Cyrenaics ; Epicurus ; The Sceptics -- 12. Self-concern and the sources and limits of other-concern : Aristotle on friendship and self-love ; The Stoics on other-concern and impartiality ; The Aristotelian response ; The debate -- 13. Justice : Justice: a virtue of character and a virtue of institutions ; Epicurus on justice ; The Stoics: natural law and the depoliticized outlook ; Aristotelian theories ; Conclusion -- 14. Self-interest and morality -- IV. Revising your priorities. 15. Happiness, success and what matters -- 16. Epicurus: virtue, pleasure and time -- 17. The Sceptics: untroubledness without belief -- 18. Aristotle: an unstable view -- 19. Theophrastus and the Stoics: forcing the issue : Theophrastus ; The Stoics -- 20. Aristotelian responses : Aristotle's school ; Arius Didymus' account of Aristotelian ethics ; Antiochus -- 21. Happiness and the demands of virtue -- V. Conclusion. 22/ Morality, ancient and modern : The shape of ancient ethical theory ; The tasks of ethical theory ; Structural contrasts ; Ancient ethics and modern morality.