Title: Christian political theory and church politics in the mid-twelfth century; the ecclesiology of Gratian's Decretum.
Authors: Chodorow, Stanley
Publisher: University of California Press,
Year: 1972
Subjects: Gratian,; Canon law History.; Church history; Twelfth century.; Law, Medieval.
Contents: I. Introduction -- II. Gratian and church politics -- Reforming the reform Papacy -- The policy positions of the two parties -- Gratian and the reform party -- III. The church as a juridical community -- The foundation of the church -- Membership in the church according to Gratian's contemporaries -- Membership in the church according to Gratian -- IV. Human authority and the hierarchy of law -- Gratian's argument in the in the Tractatus de Legibus -- V. Human authority and the divine law -- The theory of obedience -- The sacrament of penitence -- VI. Human authority and its own law: the theory of legislative power -- The Tractatus de Legibus -- Causa -- The historical importance of the theory of legislative power -- VII. Sacerdotal power and the hierarchy of the church -- The problem of sacerdotal power -- Sacerdotal power according to the schools of Laon, Saint Victor, and Peter Abelard -- Sacerdotal power according to Gratian -- The Ordo Episcopalis and the position of the pope -- VIII. The source of legitimate authority in the church -- The election: choice of God or the community? -- The ordination: the priest's reception of power and authority -- The theory of the electorate: its historical and constitutional importance -- IX. The division of governmental responsibilities between Regnum and Sacerdotium: the ecclesiastical community and other communities -- The division of judicial and legislative power -- The use of force by the church -- X. Conclusions -- The decretum in the twelfth century -- The place of the decretum in medieval political theory -- Appendix I: The date of the decretum -- Appendix II: Saint Bernard and the law.