Title: Linkages between agricultural policies and environmental effects : using the OECD stylised agri-environmental policy impact model.
Authors: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher: OECD,
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agriculture and state Environmental aspects.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Government policy.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Government policy Finland.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Government policy Japan.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Government policy Switzerland.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Government policy United States.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Finland.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Japan.; Agriculture Environmental aspects Switzerland.; Agriculture Environmental aspects United States
Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority for OECD countries, but measuring and evaluating the impact of agri-environmental policies on the environment can be challenging, as it requires linking economic and biophysical models in country-specific contexts. The OECD has developed the Stylized Agri-environmental Policy Impact Model (SAPIM), which can be adapted and applied by researchers and policy makers to better understand the impact of policies on the agri-environment conditions in their countries. This report applies the model to representative farms in Finland, Japan, Switzerland and the United States. These countries include a wide range of objectives, policy measures and agri-environmental conditions. The results highlight that when positive or negative environmental externalities are not taken into account by farmers then the production choices by farmers will reflect private costs and benefits. Policies can potentially raise social welfare by taking account of those externalities. This report notes that, overall, the diversity of conditions across sectors and countries makes it difficult to generalize the impact of agri-environmental policies beyond the situations that are modeled. Nevertheless, some wider policy messages emerge. Drawing on the four case studies examined, this report recommends that polluting activities that are not regulated should be included in policy design; the existing overall policy environment needs to be taken into account in evaluating agri-environmental policies; and environmental co-benefits and trade-offs need to be recognized.--Publisher's description.
Contents: General description of the SAPIM framework -- Environmental effects of agricultural policies : literature review -- Finland : crop production and entry/exit options with forestry -- Switzerland : the environmental effects of dairy production -- United States : the environmental effects of crop production and the conservation auctions -- Japan : optimal land-use allocation and nitrogen application -- Sensitivity analysis -- Comparative analysis of results for all case studies -- Conclusions.