chhatramani/nepal_legal_text_corpus_v1 huggingface dataset:
National Civil Code 2074

Section 509, Sub-section (4): If the notice under sub-section (1) has been sent after sending the offer, the notice under sub-section (2) has been sent after sending acceptance or the notice under sub-section (3) has been sent after sending a notice of refusal and the concerned person receives such notices at the same time, the contract shall not be deemed to have been concluded. Section 509, Sub-section (5): If the offeree sends an acceptance with condition or with alteration to the offer sent by the offerer, the offeree shall be deemed to after a counter offer. Section 510: Offer deemed to be revoked Section 510: An offer shall be deemed to been revoked in any of the following circumstances: Section 510, Clause (a): If the offerer makes an offer with a condition that a notice of acceptance to the offer be given within any certain time, and the offerer does not receive a notice of acceptance by the offeree within that time, Section 510, Clause (b): If the time for sending a notice of acceptance is not specified pursuant to clause (a) and the offeree does not give a notice of acceptance to the offerer within a reasonable time, Section 510, Clause (c): If the offerer, after making the offer, dies or becomes insane before receiving the acceptance, Section 510, Clause (d): If the offer is revoked pursuant to Section 509, Section 510, Clause (e): Even if the acceptance was given by the offeree, the offeree dies or becomes insane before the offerer receives the acceptance, Section 510, Clause (f): If the offeree sends a counter offer pursuant to sub- section (5) of Section 509, Section 510, Clause (g): If the offerer makes an offer on a condition that the offeree has to do any act or fulfill any condition before accepting the offer, and acceptance is made without doing such an act or fulfilling such a condition. Section 511: Contract according to offer made before the public Section 511, Sub-section (1): If a person makes an offer publicly by means of an advertisement that he or she will pay certain remuneration to any person for doing any act specified in the advertisement, and if any person does such an act, the advertiser shall pay remuneration specified in the advertisement to such a person. Provided that if a person does the act specified in the advertisement without knowing such advertisement, such a person shall not be entitled to the remuneration. Section 511, Sub-section (2): If more than one person do the act specified in the offer under sub-section (1), only the person who does the act first shall be entitled to the remuneration. Provided that if two or more persons do the act specified in the offer at the same time, all of such persons shall be entitled to the equal share of the remuneration, and if the remuneration is incapable of being shared, the proceeds of the sale of the remuneration shall be equally divided among them. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 511, Sub-section (3): If a specific period is prescribed for doing the act according to the advertisement published pursuant to sub-section Section 511, Sub-section (1): , the offer made according to the advertisement shall be deemed to have been revoked immediately after the expiry of that period. Section 511, Sub-section (4): An offer made pursuant to sub-section (1) may be revoked through the same medium through which it was published. Section 511, Sub-section (5): Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4), if anyone has already done the act specified in the advertisement under sub-section (1) before the publication of the notice of revocation of the offer, the remuneration specified in the advertisement shall be provided. Provided that the person who does the act specified in the advertisement shall notify the advertiser of the completion of the act as soon as possible. Section 511, Sub-section (6): If any person begins to do the act specified in the advertisement under sub-section (1) by giving its notice to the advertiser, appropriate remuneration shall be paid to such a person for the act done until the revocation of the advertisement. Section 512: Place of formation of contract Section 512, Sub-section (1): The place where the offerer sends an offer expecting to receive its acceptance shall be deemed to be the place of formation of the contract. Section 512, Sub-section (2): If the place is not specified pursuant to sub-section (1), the place where the offerer receives acceptance shall be deemed to be the place of formation of the contract. Section 512, Sub-section (3): Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (1) and (2), if the parties specify the place of its formation in the contract, such a place shall be deemed to be the place of formation of the contract. Section 513: Contingent contract Section 513, Sub-section (1): If a contract is concluded to do or not to do any act if some event happens in the future, such a contract shall create no obligation until such an event happens. Section 513, Sub-section (2): If a contract is so concluded as to be deemed to be concluded if any person does a particular act in the future, such a contract shall create no obligation if such a person does anything by which he or she becomes unable or it becomes impossible for him or her to do such an act. Section 513, Sub-section (3): If a contract is concluded to do or not to do any act if any uncertain event does not happen in the future, the obligation under such a contract shall arise only after such an event becomes impossible to happen. Section 513, Sub-section (4): If a contract is concluded to do or not to do any act if any event happens within any fixed time in the future, the contract shall be deemed to be void after such an event becomes impossible to happen within, or after the expiry of, the fixed time. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 513, Sub-section (5): If a contract is concluded to do or not to do any act if any event does not happen within any fixed time in the future, the obligation under such a contract shall arise if such an event does not happen or it becomes certain that such an event will not happen within the fixed time. Section 514: Application of general provisions of contract Section 514: The provisions contained in this Chapter and Chapters 3, 4 and 5 of this Part shall, generally, be applicable, to the other contracts to be concluded according to this Act or law. Section 515: Interpretation of contract Section 515, Sub-section (1): A contract shall be interpreted according to the common intention of its parties. Section 515, Sub-section (2): If the intention cannot be established pursuant to sub- section (1), a contract shall be interpreted according to the meaning of general understanding that a reasonable person of the same prudence as a party to the contract would give to it in normal circumstances. Section 515, Sub-section (3): If one party to a contract knows or is deemed to know a statement and conduct of the other party, the contract shall be interpreted according to the intention of such a party. Section 515, Sub-section (4): The terms and expressions used in a contract shall be interpreted in the light of the entire contract or the context in which such terms and expressions are used. Section 515, Sub-section (5): A contract shall be interpreted in a manner so that all the terms used in the contract are given effect without separating some terms from others. Section 516: Statute of limitation Section 516: A person who is aggrieved from any act done or action taken under this Chapter may file a lawsuit within two years after the date of the accrual of the cause of action. Section 517: Void contracts Section 517, Sub-section (1): A contract which is not valid according to law shall be deemed to be a void contract. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 517, Sub-section (2): The following contracts shall be void: Section 517, Sub-section (2), Clause (a): A contract that restraints anyone from exercising any profession, trade or business which is not prohibited by law, Provided that a contract shall not be deemed to be made in restraint of any profession, trade or business in any of the following circumstances: Section 517, Sub-section (1): Where a contract is concluded between a buyer and a seller on the sale and purchase of the goodwill of any trade or business, the contract restraining the seller from carrying on similar trade or business under such goodwill for the time and at the place specified in such contract, Section 517, Sub-section (2): A contract concluded between the partners to restrain them from doing the same profession, trade or business as that of the partnership firm or any other profession, trade or business together with other persons who are competitors of the profession, trade or business of the same nature other than the profession, trade or business of the partnership firm until the partnership exists, Section 517, Sub-section (3): A contract concluded between the partners restraining them from exercising a profession, trade or business of the partnership firm for a certain reasonable period or at a certain place after being separated from the partnership, Section 517, Sub-section (4): A contract so concluded between a person and any person, firm, company or body that the person is restrained from accepting the service of another person, firm, company or body who is the competitor of such other person, firm, company or body until the person is in the service of, or for a specified period after retirement from the service of, such other person, firm, company or body. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (b): A contract in restraint of a marriage other than one prohibited by the law, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (c): A contract restraining any one from enjoying the facilities being enjoyed by the public, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (d): A contract restraining legal right of any person from being enforced by a court, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (e): A contract concluded contrary to law or on a matter prohibited by the law in force, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (f): A contract made for an immoral purpose or against public order or public interest, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (g): A contract which cannot be performed because the parties thereto do not exactly ascertain or know about the matter in relation to which it has been concluded, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (h): A contract the performance of which is impossible at the time of its conclusion or a fictitious contract, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (i): A contract which is vague because of its subject matter being incapable of giving a reasonable meaning, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (j): A contract concluded by a person not competent to make contract, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (k): A contract with an illegal purpose, Section 517, Sub-section (4), Clause (l): A contract concluded by mistake of both parties as to the essential fact of the contract at the time of its conclusion. Section 517, Sub-section (3): A void contract is invalid ab initio and it shall create neither any legal consequence nor any right and obligation of its parties. Section 517, Sub-section (4): Even if any part of a contract becomes void, its remaining parts shall be enforceable according to law. Section 518: Voidable contracts Section 518, Sub-section (1): A contract which, at the initiation of its party, may be declared void by the court shall be deemed to be a voidable contract. Section 518, Sub-section (2): The person aggrieved from any of the following contracts may get the contract voided by the court: Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (a): A contract concluded by coercion, Explanation: If a person detains or threatens to detain any property of another person or threatens to put that other person's body, life or prestige in peril or commits or threatens to commit any other act forbidden by law, with the intention of causing that other person to enter into a contract against his or her will, the person is said to commit coercion. Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (b): A contract concluded by undue influence, Explanation: Section 518, Sub-section (1): Undue influence means an influence exercised by a person over another person who is under his or her influence or who may be employed according to his or her will with the intention of taking any unfair advantage for his or her interest or concern. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 518, Sub-section (2): Without prejudice to the generality of clause (1), the following person is deemed to be under influence or who may be employed according to his or will: Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (a): A person who is under his or her guardianship, curatorship or custody, Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (b): A person who is incapable of representing his or her interest for the time being or forever by reason of age, illness or physical or mental distress, Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (c): A person who may be subjected to financial or positional influence of that other person. Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (c): A contract concluded by fraud, Explanation: A party to a contract or his or her agent is said to commit fraud when he or she, with intent to deceive another party thereto or his or her agent, makes the suggestion, as to a fact, of that which is not true which he or she does not believe it to be true or does any act that is likely to make the other party or his or her agent believe it, or knowingly conceals a fact which is in his or her knowledge or does any such act as the law declares to be fraudulent. Section 518, Sub-section (2), Clause (d): A contract caused by misrepresentation. Explanation: Misrepresentation means any of the following acts: Section 518, Sub-section (1): Presenting a false description of any matter or fact on without reasonable basis, Section 518, Sub-section (2): Misleading any party to his or her detriment, Section 518, Sub-section (3): Causing a mistake as to any matter of the contract, Section 518, Sub-section (4): Making assurance to have concluded a contract in one subject and but causing to enter into it in another subject. Section 518, Sub-section (3): In the case of a voidable contract under this Section, the following matters shall be governed as follows: Section 518, Sub-section (3), Clause (a): The party caused to enter into a contract may, instead of having the contract voided, demand that his or her position be restored into the position that would have been had the contract not been concluded. Section 518, Sub-section (3), Clause (b): If a contract is made with the person who is under his or her influence and whose will can be dominated by him or her, the party who claims that he or she has not exercised such undue influence shall have the onus to prove that the contract has not been caused by undue influence. Section 518, Sub-section (4): A voidable contract shall, before it is voided, be enforceable as if it were a lawful contract. Section 518, Sub-section (5): If a voidable contract under this Section is voided by the court, it shall not affect the act done under such contract before the voidance. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 518, Sub-section (6): If any contract is voided pursuant to this Section, the legal right or interest of a bona fide third party shall not be prejudiced merely by the reason of such voidance. Section 519: Unenforceable contracts Section 519, Sub-section (1): A contract that is not enforceable by the court shall be regarded as an unenforceable contract. Section 519, Sub-section (2): Any of the following contracts is not enforceable by the court in spite of its being concluded in fulfillment of the procedures under Chapter-2 of this Part: Section 519, Sub-section (2), Clause (a): A contract required to be made in written form according to law is not concluded in written form, Section 519, Sub-section (2), Clause (b): A contract required to be made in fulfillment of any particular formality or procedure or to be registered with any body according to law is not so made in fulfillment of such formality or procedure or is not so registered, Section 519, Sub-section (2), Clause (c): Where a contract is concluded on behalf of another person, the contract is concluded on a matter not authorized by, or concluded beyond the authority given by, that other person. Section 520: Statute of limitation Section 520: A person who is aggrieved from any act done or action taken under this Chapter may make a lawsuit at any time, in the case of a void contract, within one year after the date of accrual of the cause of action for voidance, in the case of a voidable contract, and within two years after the date of accrual of the cause of action, in the case of other contracts. Section 521: Obligation under contract to be fulfilled Section 521: Each party to a contract shall fulfill his or her obligation under the contract. Section 522: Reciprocal performance of contract Section 522, Sub-section (1): If a contract is so concluded that the parties to the contract shall fulfill their respective obligations simultaneously and one party demonstrates such conduct or intention that he or she is not willing to fulfill his or her obligation materially, the other party need not perform his or her promise. Section 522, Sub-section (2): If the contract fixes the order of priority for the fulfillment of any promise, the promise shall be fulfilled in that order, and failing the fixation of such an order, the party who is liable to perform the promise first according to the nature of the contract shall perform it first. Section 522, Sub-section (3): If, in the case of a contract containing reciprocal promises, and performance of one promise depends on the performance of the other promise, one party cannot perform the contract because of the failure of the other party to perform his or her promise may recover the loss or damage caused by the failure of the other party to perform the contract. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 522, Sub-section (4): If a contract concluded for reciprocal promises to be simultaneously performed pursuant to sub-section (1) and one party prevents the other party from performing such a contract, the other party so prevented is entitled to rescind the contract and also to recover the loss or damage, if any, caused to him or her in consequence of such termination of the contract. Section 523: Time and manner for performance of contract Section 523, Sub-section (1): If a contract specifies the time and manner for its performance, the contract shall be performed within the specified time and in the specified manner. Section 523, Sub-section (2): If a contract does not specify the time or manner for the performance of an act under the contract but the act can be performed only at any specific time or only in a specific manner, the contract shall be deemed to have been so concluded that the act has to be performed at that time and in that manner. Section 523, Sub-section (3): If, except in the circumstance under sub-section (2), a contract does not specify the time and manner for its performance, the contract shall be performed within a reasonable time and in a reasonable manner. Section 524: Place for performance of contract Section 524, Sub-section (1): If a contract specifies any particular place for the performance of any act, that act shall be performed at such a place. Section 524, Sub-section (2): If, any party is required by a contract to hand over or deliver any goods to the other party and the contract does not specify the place for such hand-over or delivery of the goods, the contract shall be deemed to have been so concluded that the goods have to be delivered or handed over at the place where such goods are located. Section 524, Sub-section (3): If a contract does not specify a particular place for the performance of an act but the act can be performed only at a particular place or has to be performed in any particular place having regard to practice or usage or nature of the act, the contract shall be deemed to have been so concluded that the act has to be performed at that place. Section 524, Sub-section (4): In any case other than those referred to in sub-sections Section 524, Sub-section (2): and (3), if a contract does not specify the place for the performance of an act, the party performing the act according to the contract shall notify the other party to specify a reasonable place for the performance of the act, and the other party shall specify a reasonable place for the performance of the act. Section 525: Performance of contract deemed to be delayed Section 525, Sub-section (1): If a contract so made as to be performed at a particular time is not performed at or within such time, the performance of contract shall be deemed to have been be delayed. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 525, Sub-section (2): If the contract under sub-section (1) can be performed even after such time, one party of the contract may notify the other party to perform the contract, having given a reasonable time. Section 525, Sub-section (3): If a notice is given pursuant to sub-section (2), the other party shall perform the contract accordingly, and may claim for compensation for any loss or damage caused in consequence of the delayed performance of the contract. Section 525, Sub-section (4): If a contract is not performed pursuant to sub-section Section 525, Sub-section (3): , the party giving such a notice may rescind the contract. Section 526: Time to be considered as essence of contract Section 526, Sub-section (1): If the the purpose or objective of a contract cannot be achieved, in case of non-performance of the contract within a particular day, time or period, having regard to the nature of the contract or intention shown by the parties at time of its conclusion, the time for the performance of such a contract shall be considered to be the essence of the contract. Section 526, Sub-section (2): If either party of a contract does not perform the contract under sub-section (1) within such a day, time or period, such a contract shall be deemed to have been breached and the other party may rescind the contract immediately. Section 527: Circumstances where a contract needs not be performed Section 527: In any of the following circumstances, it is not necessary to perform any act under, or perform, a contract: Section 527, Clause (a): If either party to a contract waives the other party from fulfilling the obligation under the contract, Section 527, Clause (b): If a voidable contract is voided by the party entitled to do so, Section 527, Clause (c): If the contract cannot be performed for the reason of its breach by the other party, Section 527, Clause (d): If it is not necessary to perform the act under the contract by operation of any provision of this Part, Section 527, Clause (e): If a contract which is unenforceable according to Section 531. Section 528: Assignment of rights and liabilities under a contract Section 528: If any party to a contract dies or becomes insane, the rights accruing from the contract shall devolve on to the heir succeeding the property of such a party to the contract, and the heir himself or herself shall also bear the obligations to the extent of the property succeeded by him or her. Provided that the rights and obligations accruing on the basis of personal skill and qualification shall not devolve on to such an heir. National Civil Code 2074