chhatramani/nepal_legal_text_corpus_v1 huggingface dataset:
National Civil Code 2074

Section 641: Wages to be paid Section 641, Sub-section (1): While employing any one in any work pursuant to Section 640, the employer shall have to pay the wages in proportion to the work except in cases where the employee voluntarily agrees to work without wages. Section 641, Sub-section (2): While paying the wages pursuant to sub-section (1), if any particular rate of wages is specified with the consent of the employer and the employee, the wages shall be paid accordingly and if no such rate is specified, the wages for the work shall be paid according to the rate prevailing in the place of work. Section 641, Sub-section (3): Except as otherwise agreed upon between the employer and the employee pursuant to sub-section (1) or (2), the wages shall be paid upon completion of the work. Section 641, Sub-section (4): While determining the wages according to this Section, the wages shall be determined on the basis of each day of work except as otherwise agreed upon between the employer and the employee. Section 642: Provisions of safety measures to be made Section 642: A person shall employ another person in a work only after making provisions of adequate safety measures to prevent possible risks or danger in view of the nature of work. Section 643: Prohibition of employing for more than eight hours Section 643, Sub-section (1): A person may not employ another person in a work under this Chapter normally for more than eight hours a day. Section 643, Sub-section (2): If a person need to employ another in a work for a period more than that set forth in sub-section (1), the consent of the employee shall be obtained, and while so employing him or her in the work, that person shall pay additional wages for each hour in proportion to a day by calculating eight hours as one day. Section 643, Sub-section (3): Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), the provisions of that sub-section shall not apply to the employment of a domestic helper. Explanation: For the purposes of this Chapter, the term “domestic helper” means a person so employed in work that he or she may be employed in a household work at any time as per necessity. Section 644: Special provisions relating to domestic helpers Section 644, Sub-section (1): If a person employs another person as a domestic helper, the employer shall also comply with the following terms and conditions, in relation to the domestic helper: Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (a): To determine the wages monthly or annually basis and pay the wages, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (b): To provide meals three times viz. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

in the morning, afternoon and evening, and clothes suitable to the weather, according to the capacity of the employer, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (c): To provide facilities for using appropriate housing, toilet and bathroom facilities according to the capacity of the employer, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (d): In the case of a domestic helper below eighteen years of age, to make provision for his or her study at an appropriate time having regard to household work if he or she so wishes, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (e): To arrange for his or her treatment if the domestic helper falls sick, Provided that the expenses incurred in his or her treatment may not be deducted from his or her monthly or yearly wages. Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (f): Not to employ him or her in work while he or she is sick, and, in other situations, not to employ him or her in such a work that he or she may not be able to do due to the age, ability or condition of him or her, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (g): If he or she dies, to bear the expenses incurred in the performance of his or her funeral and obsequies rites in a normal way, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (h): Not to commit any inhumane or degrading treatment or domestic violence, Section 644, Sub-section (1), Clause (i): To comply with the other terms and conditions agreed upon between the employer and the domestic helper. Section 644, Sub-section (2): The expenses incurred under clauses (b), (c) and (d) of sub-section (1) may not be deducted from the monthly or yearly wages of the domestic helper. Section 644, Sub-section (3): If a person employs another person as a domestic helper, that person shall give written information thereof to the concerned ward committee of the concerned Local Level within one month after the date of such an employment. Section 645: Undertaken work not to be left incomplete Section 645, Sub-section (1): If a person assumes responsibility to do or undertakes to do any work, the person shall not leave the work incomplete except for a reasonable ground. Section 645, Sub-section (2): If a person leaves a work incomplete as mentioned in sub-section (1), the person leaving the work shall bear the obligation therefor. Section 646: Wages to be paid to employee Section 646, Sub-section (1): The employer shall pay such wages as required to be paid for employment to the employee or any other person whom he or she has consented to. Section 646, Sub-section (2): If the employee dies prior to the payment of wages pursuant to sub-section (1), the wages he or she is entitled to shall be paid to his or her nearest successor. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 647: Statute of limitation Section 647: A person who is aggrieved in relation to any of the matters under this Chapter may make a lawsuit within three months after the date of accrual of the cause of action in the case of Section 644, and within thirty-five days in the case of the other matters. Section 648: Indirect or quasi-contract deemed to be made Section 648, Sub-section (1):  Notwithstanding anything contained in Chapter-2 of this Part, if any person does any certain, lawful, voluntary or unilateral act that may give rise to a juridical relationship, an indirect or quasi-contract shall be deemed to be made. Section 648, Sub-section (2): If an indirect or quasi-contract is made pursuant to sub- section (1), an obligation under this Chapter shall be created from the same fact. Section 649: If other’s property managed voluntarily, not to be abandoned Section 649: (negotiorum gestio): If a person manages or operates a business or property of another person on his or her own without information to, or authority from, that other person, the person shall, so long as such business or property continues to exist, not abandon such business or property without handing it over to that other person, his or her successor or agent or until that other person removes him or her. Section 650: To care (herbichar) or manage property taken in custody Section 650, Sub-section (1): If a person takes the custody of a property belonging to another person for its care or management, the person shall take care of and manage the property in good faith as if that were his or her own property. Section 650, Sub-section (2): If a person who takes the custody of a property pursuant to sub-section (1) causes loss or damage to the property with malafide intention or recklessly, the person shall pay compensation therefor. Section 651: Not absolved from obligation by delegation of authority Section 651: If a person, who is entrusted by another person with a responsibility to do any act, delegates any or all of his or her powers to another person to do that act in a manner not to be prejudicial to the obligation vis-à-vis that other person, the person shall not be free from his or her own obligation by the reason of such delegation. Section 652: Reasonable costs to be paid for saving property in times of Section 652: disaster: If any person saves or protects any property in times of disaster such as fire, flood, landslide, storm and earthquake without giving information to its owner, the owner of property shall reimburse the reasonable expenses incurred in saving or protecting such property to such a person. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 653: Right to claim reimbursement Section 653, Sub-section (1): If a person, in spite of being compelled by law to fulfill any obligation, fulfills such obligation at his or her own expense and another person gets anything or benefit due to the fulfillment of such an obligation or for any other reason, the person fulfilling such an obligation may claim reimbursement of the amount incurred therein from the person who so gets such thing or benefit. Section 653, Sub-section (2): Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), if a person fulfills any obligation for any illegal purpose, the person shall not be entitled to claim reimbursement from the same. Section 654: Right to claim for maintenance Section 654: If a person rears and maintains another person without giving information to the person obliged to rear and maintain that other person, the person who so rears and maintains shall be entitled to claim an amount for such rearing and maintenance from the person under such obligation. Provided that if he or she maintains such a person by way of compassion or gratification or with intention to do so gratuitously, he or she shall not be entitled to claim such an amount. Section 655: Successor to reimburse expenses incurred in obsequies of Section 655: deceased: If any person performs the funeral and obsequies acts of a deceased in accordance with his or her rites, tradition and culture, without giving information to the successor to or close relative of the deceased and claims the expenses incurred in the performance of such funeral and obsequies acts, the closest heir to, and, in the absence of the heir, the relative of, the deceased shall reimburse that person for the expenses. Section 656: To bear expenses in maintenance (palan poshan)of incompetent Section 656: person: If a person obliged to maintain (palan poshan)or take care of (herbichar) a person of unsound mind, a person with physical infirmity or a helpless minor having no income of his or her own refuses to maintain such a person and any other person maintains (palan poshan)or takes care of (herbichar) him or her, that other person shall be entitled to claim reimbursement for the expenses incurred therein from the person under such an obligation. Section 657: Treatment expenses to be reimbursed Section 657: If a person becomes seriously ill owing to an accident or other reason and any other person, except his or her heir living in the joint family, relative or close person, conducts, or causes to be conducted medical treatment of him or her voluntarily, the heir, relative or close person to him shall reimburse that other person who has conducted, or caused to be conducted, the treatment for the expenses incurred in such treatment. Provided that if the treatment has been conducted, or caused to be conducted, with the intention of doing so gratuitously, the expenses need not be reimbursed. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 658: To bear expenses made by public bodies Section 658: If a person voluntarily omits to follow the necessary health or safety measures required to be followed according to law for the protection of body, life or property of him or her or of the public, and if any government or public body follows, or causes to be followed, such measures, the person shall pay reasonable expenses incurred for that purpose even if he or she does not agree to follow, or cause to be followed, such measures. Section 659: To reimburse amount paid by person interested in Section 659: If a contract is so concluded that a person promises to pay any amount which another person is bound by law to pay and if that person fails to pay it, and other person who has to pay, pays it, the person concluding a contract shall reimburse such an amount to that person. Section 660: To pay price or remuneration Section 660: If a person delivers any goods to or does any work for another person, that other person shall pay the price of such goods or service or remuneration of the work to the person. Section 661: Right to recover price of goods or services Section 661: If a person has supplies any goods or service to another person who is incapable of conclusion of a contract under law or any one whom such incapable person is legally responsible to support, the person may recover the price of such goods or service from the person receiving such goods or service. Section 662: Property in custody to be kept as bailed property Section 662: If a person keeps in any manner in his or her custody property owned by another as may be retained according to law, such a person shall keep such property as a property under bailment. Section 663: Statute of limitation Section 663: A person who is aggrieved from any act done or action taken under this Chapter may make a lawsuit within two years after the date of accrual of the cause of action. Section 664: Unjust enrichment to be deemed Section 664, Sub-section (1): If any person gets any benefit or advantage from another person, without for the reason of doing any lawful act or fulfilling any obligation, the person who so gets the benefit or advantage shall be deemed to have got an unjust enrichment. Section 664, Sub-section (2): A person shall be deemed to have got an unjust enrichment under sub-section (1) in any of the following circumstances: Section 664, Sub-section (2), Clause (a): If there is an increment in his or her property or decrease in his or her liability, Section 664, Sub-section (2), Clause (b): If he or she receives a service from another or causes another to do a work, Section 664, Sub-section (2), Clause (c): If other’s property is used for him or her. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 664, Sub-section (3): Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or (2), even if any person gets any goods, service, benefit or advantage in any manner, except in any of the following circumstances, he or she shall be deemed to have got an unjust enrichment: Section 664, Sub-section (3), Clause (a): If any goods, service, benefit or advantage can be obtained from any person under a law or contract, Section 664, Sub-section (3), Clause (b): If the person, from whom any goods, service, benefit or advantage have been obtained, has agreed with free consent not to take back or reimburse the same. Section 664, Sub-section (4): In determining whether or not and to what extent any person has got an unjust enrichment under this Chapter, no consideration shall be granted to any disadvantage or loss or damage caused thereby to him or her after he or she has got the unjust enrichment. Section 664, Sub-section (5): If a person gets an unjust enrichment pursuant to this Section, the person shall bear the obligation under this Chapter. Section 665: Thing taken by mistake to be returned (solutio indebiti) Section 665: If any person takes or receives by mistake any goods which he or she is not entitled to take or receive, he or she shall return the goods to the person from whom he or she has taken or received them. Section 666: To pay back debt paid by mistake Section 666: If a person pays a debt to another person by mistake because the person thinks that he or she is bound to do so and proves that he or she is not bound to pay such debt, that other person who receives such amount shall return it to him or her. Section 667: To return goods or amount taken with malafide intention and Section 667: benefits accrued therefrom: (1) If any person receives from another person with malafide intention any amount or goods in which he or she has no claim, he or she shall return to that other person such amount or goods and the interest to be chargeable on such amount under the law or the advantage or return accrued from such goods, from the date of receipt of such amount or goods to the date of their return. Section 667, Sub-section (2): If the amount or goods received pursuant to sub-section Section 667, Sub-section (1): are lost or damaged for any reason, he or she shall also pay the compensation therefor. Section 668: To pay debt paid by third person Section 668: If a debt payable by a person is paid by a third person without the debtor's knowledge, the debtor shall pay the debt to the person who has so paid it. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 669: Right to claim reimbursement if payable tax paid by another Section 669: person: If a tax payable by a person is paid by another person, that other person who has so paid the tax may claim reimbursement therefor from the person who is obliged to pay it. Explanation: For the purposes of this Chapter, the term “tax” means any type of government fee, charge, tariff, duty and fine, and also includes a local tax. Section 670: Goods found may be kept upon giving information to police Section 670, Sub-section (1):  If any person finds any goods in any manner, he or she may, having given a notice thereof, along with actual description thereof, to the police, safely retain such goods with him or her until the concerned owner is found. Section 670, Sub-section (2): The concerned owner shall bear the expenses incurred in finding the owner of goods referred to in sub-section (1) and retaining such goods, and the finder of goods may retain the goods until the payment of such expenses. Section 670, Sub-section (3): If no person appears to claim the goods retained pursuant to sub-section (1) until three years, the goods shall belong to the finder. Section 671: Statute of limitation Section 671: A person who is aggrieved from any act done or action taken under this Chapter may make a lawsuit within two years after the date of accrual of the cause of action. Section 672: Tort deemed to be committed Section 672, Sub-section (1): No person shall cause loss or damage, in any manner, to another person's body, life or property or legally protected right or interest by the reason of commission or omission done, whether by any default, negligence or recklessness on the part of himself or herself or of any one else to whom he or she must bear obligation according to this Chapter. Section 672, Sub-section (2): If the parties do not have any prior contractual relationship in relation to any commission or omission referred to in sub-section (1), the loss or damage resulted from such a commission or recklessness shall be deemed to be a tort. Explanation: For the purposes of this Chapter, the term "omission" means the state of failure of a person to do any act which the person is bound to do. Section 672, Sub-section (3): A person who commits a tort pursuant to sub-section Section 672, Sub-section (1): shall bear liability under this Chapter. Section 673: Parents to bear liability Section 673: The father and mother jointly living with a minor below fourteen years of age, or if there is no father or mother, the person who exercises paternal authority over him or her shall be liable for a tort committed by such a minor. Section 674: Guardian or curator to bear liability Section 674: The guardian or curator of a person of unsound mind shall be responsible for and accordingly bear liability for any loss or damage caused by such a person. National Civil Code 2074
National Civil Code 2074

Section 675: Employer to bear liability Section 675, Sub-section (1): Any person, firm, company or organization who employs a domestic helper, other worker or employee in a work shall be liable for the loss or damage to another person, if any, resulted from any act done in good faith by such a helper, worker or employee in the course of doing such a work. Section 675, Sub-section (2): Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the worker or employee shall be personally liable for any act which he or she has done negligently or dishonestly. Section 676: Owner of animal to bear liability for loss or damage caused by Section 676: animal: The owner of an animal which is kept by or under the control of him or her shall be liable for any loss or damage caused by the animal to any one. Provided that the owner of animal shall not be liable for any loss or damage caused by the animal while being appropriately controlled by the owner by taking adequate safety measures according to its behavior or caused as a result of any act, default or negligence of the loss or damage sustaining person himself or herself. Explanation: For the purposes of this Section, the term "animal" means a domestic animal or wildlife or avian of any type under one's control, and also includes a domestic, reptile or wild avian as well. Section 677: House-owner to bear liability for loss or damage caused by its Section 677: collapse: The concerned house-owner shall be liable for any kind of loss or damage, if any, caused to any one as a result of the collapse of the house, in whole or in part, or by any part of the house, whether during, or after the completion of, its construction. Section 678: Owner of property to bear liability Section 678: The concerned property owner shall be liable for the loss or damage, if any, caused to any one as a result of the following: Section 678, Clause (a): An explosion owing to a failure to adopt safety measures properly according to the nature of a machine, equipment or engine, Section 678, Clause (b): A fire or explosion owing to a failure to adopt safety measures properly according to the nature of any inflammable or explosive substance, Section 678, Clause (c): Emission of excessive smoke, noise by any industrial enterprise in contravention of the specified standards, Section 678, Clause (d): A tree lying down or laid down on any highway, road, street or way except due to a disaster or an act by any third person, Section 678, Clause (e): Discharge of any infected or toxic substance or communicable disease carrying substance openly through a canal, ditch, pipe or sewerage, without adopting precautionary measures properly, in contravention of the specified standards. National Civil Code 2074