chhatramani/nepal_legal_text_corpus_v1 huggingface dataset:
Constitution of Nepal 2072

31. Right relating to education: (1) Every citizen shall have the right of access to basic education. (2) Every citizen shall have the right to get compulsory and free education up to the basic level and free education up to the secondary level from the State. (3) The citizens with disabilities and the economically indigent citizens shall have the right to get free higher education in accordance with law. (4) The visually impaired citizens shall have the right to get free education through brail script and the citizens with hearing or speaking impairment, to get free education through sign language, in accordance with law. (5) Every Nepalese community residing in Nepal shall have the right to get education in its mother tongue and, for that purpose, to open and operate schools and educational institutes, in accordance with law. 32. Right to language and culture: (1) Every person and community shall have the right to use their languages. (2) Every person and community shall have the right to participate in the cultural life of their communities. (3) Every Nepalese community residing in Nepal shall have the right to preserve and promote its language, script, culture, cultural civilization and heritage. 33. Right to employment: (1) Every citizen shall have the right to employment. The terms and conditions of employment, and unemployment benefit shall be as provided for in the Federal law. (2) Every citizen shall have the right to choose employment. 34. Right to labour: (1) Every labourer shall have the right to practice appropriate labour. Explanation: For the purposes of this Article, "labourer" means a labourer or worker who does physical or mental work for an employer in consideration for remuneration. (2) Every labourer shall have the right to appropriate remuneration, facilities and contributory social security. (3) Every labourer shall have the right to form and join trade unions and to engage in collective bargaining, in accordance with law. 35. Right relating to health: (1) Every citizen shall have the right to free basic health services from the State, and no one shall be deprived of emergency health services. (2) Every person shall have the right to get information about his or her medical treatment. (3) Every citizen shall have equal access to health services. (4) Every citizen shall have the right of access to clean drinking water and sanitation. 36. Right relating to food: (1) Every citizen shall have the right relating to food. (2) Every citizen shall have the right to be safe from the state of being in danger of life from the scarcity of food. (3) Every citizen shall have the right to food sovereignty in accordance with law. 37. Right to housing: (1) Every citizen shall have the right to an appropriate housing. (2) No citizen shall be evicted from the residence owned by him or her nor shall his or her residence be infringed except in accordance with law. 38. Rights of women: (1) Every woman shall have equal lineage right without gender based discrimination. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

(2) Every woman shall have the right to safe motherhood and reproductive health. (3) No woman shall be subjected to physical, mental, sexual, psychological or other form of violence or exploitation on grounds of religion, social, cultural tradition, practice or on any other grounds. Such act shall be punishable by law, and the victim shall have the right to obtain compensation in accordance with law. (4) Women shall have the right to participate in all bodies of the State on the basis of the principle of proportional inclusion. (5) Women shall have the right to obtain special opportunity in education, health, employment and social security, on the basis of positive discrimination. (6) The spouse shall have the equal right to property and family affairs. 39. Rights of the child: (1) Every child shall have the right to name and birth registration along with his or her identity. (2) Every child shall have the right to education, health, maintenance, proper care, sports, entertainment and overall personality development from the families and the State. (3) Every child shall have the right to elementary child development and child participation. (4) No child shall be employed to work in any factory, mine or engaged in similar other hazardous work. (5) No child shall be subjected to child marriage, transported illegally, abducted/kidnapped or taken in hostage. (6) No child shall be recruited or used in army, police or any armed group, or be subjected, in the name of cultural or religious traditions, to abuse, exclusion or physical, mental, sexual or other form of exploitation or improper use by any means or in any manner. (7) No child shall be subjected to physical, mental or any other form of torture in _home_, school or other place and situation whatsoever. (8) Every child shall have the right to juvenile friendly justice. (9) The child who is helpless, orphan, with disabilities, conflict victim, displaced or vulnerable shall have the right to special protection and facilities from the State. (10) Any act contrary to in clauses (4), (5), (6) and (7) shall be punishable by law, and a child who is the victim of such act shall have the right to obtain compensation from the perpetrator, in accordance with law. 40. Rights of _Dalit_ : (1) The _Dalit_ shall have the right to participate in all bodies of the State on the basis of the principle of proportional inclusion. Special provision shall be made by law for the empowerment, representation and participation of the _Dalit_ community in public services as well as other sectors of employment. (2) Provision of free education with scholarship, from primary to higher education, shall be made by law for the _Dalit_ students. Special provision shall be made by law for the _Dalit_ in technical and vocational education. (3) Special provision shall be made by law in order to provide health and social security to the _Dalit_ community. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

(4) The _Dalit_ community shall have the right to use, protect and develop their traditional occupation, knowledge, skill and technology. The State shall accord priority to the _Dalit_ community in modern business related with their traditional occupation and provide skills and resources required therefor. (5) The State shall once provide land to the landless _Dalit_ in accordance with law. (6) The State shall, in accordance with law, arrange settlement for the _Dalit_ who do not have housing. (7) The facilities conferred by this Article to the _Dalit_ community must be distributed in a just manner so that the _Dalit_ women, men and _Dalit_ in all communities can obtain such facilities proportionately. 41. Rights of senior citizens: The senior citizens shall have the right to special protection and social security from the State. 42. Right to social justice: (1) The socially backward women, _Dalit_, indigenous people, indigenous nationalities, _Madhesi_, _Tharu_, minorities, persons with disabilities, marginalized _communities_, Muslims, backward classes, gender and sexual minorities, youths, farmers, labourers, oppressed or citizens of backward regions and indigent _Khas Arya_ shall have the right to participate in the State bodies on the basis of inclusive principle. (2) The indigent citizens and citizens of the communities on the verge of extinction shall have the right to get special opportunities and benefits in education, health, housing, employment, food and social security for their protection, upliftment, empowerment and development. (3) The citizens with disabilities shall have the right to live with dignity and honour, with the identity of their diversity, and have equal access to public services and facilities. (4) Every farmer shall have the right to have access to lands for agro activities, select and protect local seeds and agro species which have been used and pursued traditionally, in accordance with law. (5) The families of the martyrs who have sacrificed their life, persons who were forced to disappear, and those who became disabled and injured in all popular movements, armed conflicts and revolutions that have been carried out for progressive democratic changes in Nepal, democracy fighters, conflict victims and displaced ones, persons with disabilities, the injured and victims shall have the right to get a prioritized opportunity, with justice and due respect, in education, health, employment, housing and social security, in accordance with law. 43. Right to social security: The indigent citizens, incapacitated and helpless citizens, helpless single women, citizens with disabilities, children, citizens who cannot take care themselves and citizens belonging to the tribes on the verge of extinction shall have the right to social security, in accordance with law. 44. Rights of the consumer: (1) Every consumer shall have the right to obtain quality goods and services. (2) A person who has suffered injury from any substandard goods or services shall have the right to obtain compensation in accordance with law. 45. Right against exile : No citizen shall be exiled. 46. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

(d) Relating to economy, industry and commerce: (1) to enhance national economy through partnership and independent development of the public, private and cooperative sectors, (2) to achieve economic prosperity by way of optimum mobilization of the available means and resources, while focusing on the role of private sector in economy, (3) to promote the cooperative sector and mobilize it in national development to the maximum extent, (4) to encourage and mobilize the economic sector in the overall national development, while providing for regulation to maintain fairness, accountability and competition in all of its activities, (5) to make equitable distribution of the available means and resources and benefits of economic development, (6) to diversify and expand markets for goods and services, while promoting exports through development and expansion of industries upon identifying areas of comparative advantage, (7) to protect the interests of consumers by maintaining trade fairness and discipline by making national economy competitive, while ending activities such as creating black marketing, monopoly, artificial scarcity and restricting competition, (8) to protect and promote domestic industries and resources and accord priority to domestic investment based on Nepalese labour, skills and raw materials for the development of national economy, (9) to give priority to domestic investment for the development of national economy, (10) to encourage foreign capital and technological investment in areas of import substitution and export promotion, in consonance with national interest, and encourage and mobilize such investment in infrastructure building, (11) to make the obtaining of foreign assistance transparent, while making the national needs and priorities as the basis for obtaining foreign assistance, and incorporating amounts received in form of foreign assistance in the national budget, (12) to utilize knowledge, skill, technology and capital of the non resident Nepalese in the national development, (13) to give dynamism to the economic development by establishing coordination between the States and the States and the Federation in relation to industrial corridors, special economic zones, national projects and projects involving foreign investment. (e) Policies relating to agriculture and land reforms: (1) to make scientific land reforms having regard to the interests of the farmers, while ending the dual ownership existing in the lands, (2) to enhance product and productivity by carrying out land pooling, while discouraging inactive land ownership, (3) to make land management and commercialization, industrialization, diversification and modernization of agriculture, by pursuing land-use policies to enhance agriculture product and productivity, while protecting and promoting the rights and interests of the farmers, (4) to make proper use of lands, while regulating and managing lands on the basis of, _inter alia_, productivity, nature of lands and ecological balance, (5) to provide for the farmers' access to agricultural inputs, agro products at fair price and market. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

(h) Policies relating to basic needs of the citizens: (1) to prepare human resources that are competent, competitive, ethical, and devoted to national interests, while making education scientific, technical, vocational, empirical, employment and people-oriented, (2) to make private sector investment made in education service oriented by regulating and managing such investment, while enhancing the State's investment in the education sector, (3) to make higher education easy, qualitative and accessible, and free gradually, (4) to establish and promote community information centres and libraries for the personality development of citizens, (5) to keep on enhancing investment necessary in the public health sector by the State in order to make the citizens healthy, (6) to ensure easy, convenient and equal access of all to quality health services, (7) to protect and promote health systems including _Ayurveda_, as a traditional medical system of Nepal, natural therapy and homeopathy system, (8) to make private sector investment in the health sector service oriented by regulating and managing such investment, while enhancing the State's investment in this sector, (9) to focus on health research and keep on increasing the number of health institutions and health workers in order to make health services widely available and qualitative, (10) to increase average life expectancy by reducing maternal and infant mortality rate, while encouraging family planning for population management on the basis of Nepal's capacity and need, (11) to manage unplanned settlement and develop planned and systematic settlement, (12) to provide for sustainable production, supplies, storage, security, and easy and effective distribution of foods by encouraging food production in tune with climate and soil, in consonance with the concept of food sovereignty, while enhancing investment in the agriculture sector, (13) to ensure planned supply system by according special priority to the remote and backward regions, while ensuring equal access of all citizens to basic goods and services, (14) to enhance investment in the transportation sector, while ensuring simple, easy and equal access of the citizens to transportation facilities, and to make the transportation sector safe, systematic and persons with disabilities friendly by encouraging public transportation and regulating private transportation, while according priority to the environment friendly technologies, (15) to arrange for access to medical treatment while ensuring citizen's health insurance. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

(i) Policies relating to labour and employment: (1) to make competent and professional the labour force that has remained as the main socio-economic strength of the country and enhance employment within the country, while ensuring a situation enabling all to work, (2) to guarantee social security, while ensuring the basic rights of all labours, in consonance with the concept of decent labour, (3) to abolish all forms of labour exploitation including child labour, (4) to encourage participation of labours in management, while maintain cordial relations between the labours and entrepreneurs, (5) to regulate and manage the sector in order to make foreign employment free from exploitation, safe and systematic and to guarantee employment and rights of the labours, (6) to encourage to mobilize the capital, skills, technology and experience gained from foreign employment in productive sectors in the country. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

The number of Wards in a Village Institution and Municipality shall be as provided for in the Federal law. (5) Any Special, Protected or Autonomous Region can be set by the Federal law for social, cultural protection or economic development. (6) The Federation, State and Local levels shall protect Nepal's freedom, sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence, national interest, overall development, multi-party, competitive, democratic, republican, federal system of governance, human rights and fundamental rights, rule of law, separation of powers and check and balance, egalitarian society based on pluralism and equality, inclusive representation and identity. 57. Distribution of State power: (1) The powers of the Federation shall be vested in the matters enumerated in Schedule-5, and such powers shall be exercised pursuant to this Constitution and the Federal law. (2) The powers of a State shall be vested in the matters enumerated in Schedule-6, and such powers shall be exercised pursuant to this Constitution and the State law. (3) The concurrent powers of the Federation and the State shall be vested in the matters enumerated in Schedule-7, and such powers shall be exercised pursuant to this Constitution, the Federal law and the State law. (4) The powers of the Local level shall be vested in the matters enumerated in Schedule-8, and such powers shall be exercised pursuant to this Constitution and the law made by the Village Assembly or Municipal Assembly. (5) The concurrent powers of the Federation, State and Local levels shall be vested in the matters enumerated in Schedule-9, and such powers shall be exercised pursuant to this Constitution, the Federal law, the State law and the law made by the Village Assembly or Municipal Assembly. (6) Any law to be made by the State Assembly, Village Assembly or Municipal Assembly pursuant to clause (3) or (5) shall be so made as not to be inconsistent with the Federal law, and any law made by the State Assembly, Village Assembly or Municipal Assembly which is inconsistent with the Federal law shall be invalid to the extent of such inconsistency. (7) Any law to be made by the Village Assembly or Municipal Assembly pursuant to clause (5) shall be so made as not to be inconsistent with the State law, and any law made by the Village Assembly or Municipal Assembly which is inconsistent with the State law shall be invalid to the extent of such inconsistency. 58. Residual powers: The Federation shall have power on any matter not enumerated in the Federal List, State List, List of Local level or Concurrent List or on any matter which is not so specified in this Constitution as to be exercised by any level. 59. Exercise of financial powers: (1) The Federation, State and Local level shall make laws, make annual budget, decisions, formulate and implement policies and plans on any matters related to financial powers within their respective jurisdictions. Constitution of Nepal 2072
Constitution of Nepal 2072

(2) The Federation may so make necessary policies, standards and laws on any of the matters enumerated in the Concurrent List and other areas of financial powers as to be applicable also to the States. (3) The Federation, State and Local level shall make budget of their respective levels, and the time for submission of budget by the State and Local level shall be as provided for in the Federal law. (4) The Federation, State and Local level shall provide for the equitable distribution of benefits derived from the use of natural resources or development. Certain portions of such benefits shall be distributed, pursuant to law, in forms of royalty, services or goods to the project affected regions and local communities. (5) If, in utilising natural resources, the local community desires to make investment therein, the Federation, State and Local level shall accord priority to such investment in such portion as provided by law on the basis of the nature and size of such investment. (6) The Government of Nepal shall have power to obtain foreign assistance and borrow loans. Such assistance or loans shall be so obtained or borrowed as to have macro-economic stability of the country. (7) Provisions relating to the management of budget deficits and other fiscal discipline of the Federation, State and Local level shall be as provided for in the Federal law. 60. Distribution of sources of revenue: (1) The Federation, State and Local level may impose taxes on matters falling within their respective jurisdiction and collect revenue from these sources. Provided that provisions relating to the imposition of taxes and collection of revenue on matters that fall within the Concurrent List and on matters that are not included in the List of any level shall be as determined by the Government of Nepal. (2) The Government of Nepal shall make provisions for the equitable distribution of the collected revenue to the Federation, State and Local level. (3) The amount of fiscal transfer receivable by the State and Local level shall be as recommended by the National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission. (4) The Government of Nepal shall, on the basis of the need of expenditure and revenue capacity, distribute fiscal equalization grants to the State and Local level. (5) Each State shall, in accordance with the State law, distribute fiscal equalization grants out of the grants received from the Government of Nepal and revenues collected from its sources, on the basis of the need of expenditure and revenue capacity of its subordinate Local level. (6) Provisions relating to distribution of conditional grants, complementary grants or special grants for other purposes to be provided by the Government of Nepal from the Federal Consolidated Fund shall be as provided for in the Federal law. (7) Distribution of revenues between the Federal, State and Local level shall be made in a balanced and transparent manner. Constitution of Nepal 2072