Waste Management Act, 2011

Chapter 1
Preliminary

1. Short Title and Commencement: (1) This Act may be called the "Solid Waste Management Act, 2068 (2011)."

(2) This Act shall come into force immediately. 2. Definitions: Unless the subject or context otherwise requires, in this Act,-

(a) "Industrial Solid Waste" means hazardous and polluted solid waste emitted from an industrial establishment.

(b) "Industrial Establishment" means any company, industry, firm, or any other entity established pursuant to prevailing law for the purpose of operating any industry, business, or service.

(c) "Container" means a receptacle, box, bucket, or any other similar item placed at a designated location for the purpose of collecting solid waste, and said term shall also include a receptacle placed for producing compost fertilizer.

(d)

(e) "Transportation" means the act of carrying collected solid waste from the place of generation to a collection center and from a collection center to a transfer station, or from a transfer station to a solid waste management site or amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2072.a place designated by the Local Level.

(f) "Prescribed" or "as prescribed" means prescribed or as prescribed in the rules made under this Act.

(g) "Minimization" means the act of reducing the quantity, size, or effect of solid waste by using any technology or measure.

(h) "Discharge" means the act of piling up or discarding solid waste from the place of generation to a place designated by amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2072.the Local Level.

(i) "Council" means the Solid Waste Management Council formed pursuant to Section 23.

(j) "Pollution" means activity that directly or indirectly affects the environment through the combination of solid, liquid, or gaseous substances emitted from solid waste, causing significant degradation of the environment, causing damage, or causing harm or loss to the beneficial or useful purposes of the environment.

(k) "Affected Area" means the area mentioned in the Initial Environmental Examination and Environmental Impact Assessment report of a solid waste management site.

(l) "Processing" means the process of managing solid waste by changing its form or property to prepare other useful items, or producing fertilizer, gas, energy, or other items.

(m) "Processing Site" means the place where operations are carried out to process solid waste to produce fertilizer, gas, energy, or other items.

(n) "Recycling" means the act of transforming collected solid waste into raw materials, developing them into useful items, and bringing them back into use through the application of technology.

(o) "Solid Waste" means domestic solid waste, industrial solid waste, chemical solid waste, health institution waste, or hazardous solid waste, and said term shall also denote substances including solid, liquid, gaseous, sludge, smoke, dust, materials used for electrical and information technology, items that are not immediately usable, discarded, decomposing, or discharged in a manner causing environmental degradation, or other similar types of articles, or posters, pamphlets affixed to public places without authorization, and other items designated as solid waste by the Government of Nepal by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette from time to time.

(p) "Solid Waste Management Site (Sanitary Landfill Site)" means a site designated by amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2072.the Local Level for the disposal or processing of solid waste.

(q) "Solid Waste Collection" means the act of lifting solid waste from the place of generation, collecting it door-to-door, sweeping and piling up solid waste present in public places, uprooting weeds, and collecting posters and pamphlets affixed to public places without authorization.

(r) "Solid Waste Collection and Transportation Means" means the means, equipment, or tools used for the purpose of collecting and transporting solid waste.

(s) "Post Closure Management" means the activities carried out to maintain the environmental balance of an area after the disposal of solid waste at a solid waste management site has ceased.

(t) amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2075."Ministry" means the Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration of the Government of Nepal.

(u) "Chemical Solid Waste" means all chemical substances from any source or process that are unusable in their current state and have an adverse effect on human health, living beings, animals, and the environment, or substances including solids, liquids, dust, sludge, gases, or items designated as chemical solid waste by the Government of Nepal from time to time by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette.

(v) "Disposal" means the final discharge and management of solid waste.

(w) "Collection Center" means a place designated by amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2072.the Local Level for discarding, keeping, or piling solid waste collected from households until a specified time, and said term shall also denote a solid waste collector or solid waste collection vehicle designated by amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2072.the Local Level that comes to collect solid waste from households.

(x)

(y) "Community Organization" means a community-based participatory consumer group, cooperative organization, or non-governmental organization established pursuant to prevailing law for the benefit of the community with the objective of not making a profit.

(z) "Transfer Station" means a place designated by the Local Level for collecting solid waste before taking it to a solid waste management site (sanitary landfill site) for disposal of the collected solid waste.

(aa) "Local Level" means the concerned Metropolitan City, Sub-Metropolitan City, Municipality, or Rural Municipality.

(bb) "Health Institution Waste" means hazardous solid waste produced and discharged from hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, medicine shops, blood banks, pathological laboratories, animal health institutions, or health research centers.

(cc) "Hazardous Solid Waste" means objects, substances, and radiation discharged in various forms that cause degradation of the natural environment and cause harm or loss to the health of humans and other living beings.