chhatramani/nepal_legal_acts_corpus_english huggingface dataset:
Social Welfare Act, 1992

3. Social Welfare Program: The Government of Nepal may conduct social welfare programs through the relevant ministry and social associations or institutions to support the comprehensive development of the country through various activities related to social welfare work. 4. Special Programs Relating to Social Welfare: The Government of Nepal may conduct special programs on the following matters relating to social welfare work and social service:-

(a) To promote the welfare and well-being of children, the elderly, the helpless or persons with disabilities,

(b) To increase participation for development and to protect and promote the rights and interests of women,

(c) To enable persons suffering from juvenile delinquency, drug abuse or other addictions and social perversions to live a dignified and respectable life,

(d) To enable unemployed, poor or illiterate persons to live a respectful life,

(e) To regulate the activities of religious sites and trusts (Guthis),

(f) To make necessary arrangements for the benefit of the backward community or class. 5. Establishment of the Council: (1) A Social Welfare Council is established to conduct social welfare work in a well-organized manner by coordinating, mobilizing support for, and promoting social associations or institutions.

(2) The Council shall consist of the following members:-

(a) Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Minister, Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens — Chairperson

(b) One social worker nominated by the Government of Nepal — Vice-Chairperson

(c) One social worker nominated by the Government of Nepal — Treasurer

(d) Omitted by the Republic Strengthening and Some Nepal Laws Amendment Act, 2066.

(e) Member (looking after Social Service), National Planning Commission — Member

(f) Up to four persons nominated by the Government of Nepal from among social workers, including at least one woman — Member

(g) Three persons nominated by the Government of Nepal from various social associations or institutions — Member

(h) Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Representative, Relevant Ministry (looking after Social Welfare) — Member

(i) Representative, Ministry of Home Affairs — Member

(j) Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Representative, Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration — Member

(k) Representative, Ministry of Finance — Member

(l) Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Representative, Ministry of Health and Population — Member

(m) Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075.
Social Welfare Act, 1992

Representative, Ministry of Health and Population — Member

(m) Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Representative, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology — Member

(n) Person nominated by the Government of Nepal — Member-Secretary

(3) The term of office of nominated members shall be four years, and they may be re-nominated.

(4) The Government of Nepal may, As amended by the Social Welfare (First Amendment) Ordinance, 2062 and automatically revived by the Act to Revive the Provisions of Some Nepal Acts, 2063. upon the recommendation of the Council stating reasons, by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette, alter or replace the members of the Council. 6. Council to be a Corporate Body: (1) The Council shall be an autonomous and corporate body with perpetual succession.

(2) The Council shall have a separate seal for all its acts and business.

(3) The Council may, like an individual, acquire, use, sell or otherwise dispose of movable and immovable property.

(4) The Council may, like an individual, sue and be sued in its own name.

(5) The Council shall have its own separate flag. 7. Office of the Council: (1) The central office of the Council shall be located in Kathmandu.

(2) The Council may open liaison offices within Nepal Omitted by the Republic Strengthening and Some Nepal Laws Amendment Act, 2066. as required. 8. Meetings and Decisions of the Council: (1) The meeting of the Council shall be held at the date, time and place specified by the Chairperson, at least twice a year.

(2) The presence of at least fifty percent of the total number of members of the Council shall constitute a quorum for a meeting of the Council.

(3) The meeting of the Council shall be presided over by the Chairperson. In the absence of the Chairperson, the Vice-Chairperson, and in the absence of both the Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson, a member chosen by the members from among themselves shall preside over the meeting.

(4) The opinion of the majority shall prevail at a meeting of the Council, and in the case of a tie, the Chairperson shall cast the deciding vote.

(5) The decisions of the Council shall be certified As amended by the Social Welfare (First Amendment) Ordinance, 2062 and automatically revived by the Act to Revive the Provisions of Some Nepal Acts, 2063. by the Member-Secretary.

(6) Other procedures relating to the meetings of the Council shall be as determined by the Council itself. 9.
Social Welfare Act, 1992

9. Functions, Duties and Powers of the Council: The functions, duties and powers of the Council shall be as follows:-

(a) To effectively conduct social welfare work, to support social associations or institutions, to coordinate among them, and to monitor, supervise and evaluate their work, or cause it to be done.

(b) To provide or cause to be provided necessary assistance for the establishment, development, expansion and strengthening of social associations or institutions.

(c) To act or cause to be acted as a coordinator between the Government of Nepal and social associations or institutions.

(d) To provide necessary advice to the Government of Nepal regarding policy formulation and program design relating to social welfare work and social service.

(e) To establish and operate or cause to be established and operated funds for social welfare work.

(f) To act or cause to be acted as an information and records center for associations or institutions affiliated with the Council engaged in social service.

(g) To provide training, conduct or cause to be conducted studies and research on subjects related to social welfare work.

(h) To conduct or cause to be conducted physical inspection of social associations or institutions affiliated with the Council.

(i) To perform or cause to be performed other necessary functions for implementing the objectives of this Act.

(j) To make or cause to be made necessary agreements or contracts with domestic, foreign or international associations or institutions and foreign states.

(k) To mobilize assistance from national and international spheres and to make proper arrangements for the received assistance fund. 10. Formation of Executive Committee: (1) The Council shall form an Executive Committee from among the members of the Council for the conduct of its business. This Committee shall consist of up to seven members including the Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Treasurer As amended by the Social Welfare (First Amendment) Ordinance, 2062 and automatically revived by the Act to Revive the Provisions of Some Nepal Acts, 2063. and Member-Secretary of the Council.

(2) The Executive Committee shall prepare the annual program, budget and necessary policy matters from the Council and get them approved by the meeting of the Council for implementation.

(3) Except as mentioned in sub-section (2), other functions, duties and powers of the Executive Committee shall be as prescribed. 11. May Form Sub-Committees: (1) The Council may form sub-committees as required for the smooth conduct of its work.

(2) The functions, duties, powers and procedures of the sub-committees formed pursuant to sub-section (1) shall be as specified by the Council. 12.
Social Welfare Act, 1992

11. May Form Sub-Committees: (1) The Council may form sub-committees as required for the smooth conduct of its work.

(2) The functions, duties, powers and procedures of the sub-committees formed pursuant to sub-section (1) shall be as specified by the Council. 12. Permission and Agreement: (1) A foreign non-governmental association or institution wishing to work within Nepal Omitted by the Republic Strengthening and Some Nepal Laws Amendment Act, 2066. shall submit an application to the Council for permission to work before starting work.

(2) The Council may grant permission by making a decision within a maximum of three months from the date of receipt of the application pursuant to sub-section (1).

(3) A foreign non-governmental association or institution that has obtained permission pursuant to sub-section (2) must enter into an agreement with the Council before conducting work within Nepal. 13. Affiliation with the Council: (1) Social associations or institutions wishing to be affiliated with the Council shall submit an application to the Council in the format as prescribed.

(2) Social associations or institutions submitting an application pursuant to sub-section (1) shall clearly specify along with the application their constitution, names, occupations, addresses of members of the working committee, and the office and date of registration of the institution.

(3) After receipt of the application pursuant to sub-section (1), upon making necessary inquiry into such application and if it is deemed appropriate to affiliate the concerned social association or institution with the Council, the Council shall charge fees as prescribed and issue a certificate in the format as prescribed.

(4) A social association or institution affiliated with the Council may disaffiliate itself from the Council as prescribed. 14. Provisions Relating to Constitution: The constitution of social associations or institutions wishing to be affiliated with the Council must contain matters as prescribed in addition to the matters mentioned in the prevailing law. 15. Provisions Relating to Social Associations or Institutions that have Obtained Certificate: (1) Associations or institutions that have obtained a certificate from the Social Service National Coordination Council prior to the commencement of this Act shall be deemed to be affiliated with the Council under this Act.

(2) Social associations or institutions affiliated with the Council pursuant to sub-section (1) shall make necessary amendments and adjustments to their constitution under this Act and submit it to the Council within one year from the commencement of this Act. 16.
Social Welfare Act, 1992

16. Relating to Financial Assistance: (1) If any social association or institution wishes to receive in-kind, technical, financial or any other kind of assistance from the Government of Nepal or a foreign government, international social association, institution or mission or individual, it shall submit an application to the Council as prescribed along with the proposal for the work or project for which assistance is sought and other details. Provided that, in the case of programs that need to be completed urgently, assistance of up to two hundred thousand rupees annually may be taken after giving prior notice to the Council, and a report shall be submitted to the Council within three months after the completion of such work.

(2) After receipt of an application pursuant to sub-section (1), the Council, coordinating with the relevant ministry or body, shall grant approval within a maximum of forty-five days. Provided that, any work or project adverse to the national interest may be rejected.

(3) While implementing an approved project, it shall be done in cooperation and coordination with the concerned Amended by Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2072. local level.

(4) Notwithstanding anything written in sub-section (1), in the case of assistance received by institutions established in accordance with international conventions to which the Government of Nepal is a party, for emergency relief services, prior approval from the Council shall not be required. Provided that, after receiving such assistance, information shall be given to the Council.

(5) When a foreign institution provides financial assistance to an approved project, it must be provided through commercial banks operating within Nepal Omitted by the Republic Strengthening and Some Nepal Laws Amendment Act, 2066.. 17. Fund of the Council: (1) The Council shall have its own separate fund, and the following amounts shall be included in that fund:-

(a) Amount received from the Government of Nepal,

(b) Amount received from any foreign government, international association or institution or foreign institution through the Government of Nepal,

(c) Amount earned from the movable and immovable property of the Council,

(d) Amount provided by any person, institution or state as donation, assistance, grant or endowment,

(e) Amount received from any other source.

(2) All amounts of the Council shall be deposited in an account opened in the name of the Council at Nepal Rastra Bank or any commercial bank.

(3) All expenses to be borne on behalf of the Council shall be borne from the fund pursuant to sub-section (1).

(4) The operation of the Council's account shall be as prescribed. 18.
Social Welfare Act, 1992

18. Accounts and Audit: (1) The accounts of the Council shall be maintained in the manner adopted by the Government of Nepal.

(2) The audit of the Council shall be conducted by the Office of the Auditor General.

(3) The accounts and audit of social associations or institutions affiliated with the Council shall be as prescribed.

(4) The Government of Nepal may, if it so desires, inspect or cause to be inspected the account books, related documents, cash and stores of the Council at any time.

(5) The Council may, if it so desires, inspect or cause to be inspected the account books, related documents, cash and stores of social associations or institutions affiliated with the Council at any time. 19. Delegation of Powers: (1) The Council may delegate the powers vested in it under this Act, as required, to the Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Member, the Executive Committee pursuant to Section 10, or the sub-committee pursuant to Section 11.

(2) The Chairperson may delegate the powers vested in him/her, as required, to any member or authorized employee of the Council. 20. May Suspend or Dissolve: (1) If the working committee of any social association or institution affiliated with the Council or receiving financial assistance through the Council acts contrary to the prevailing Nepal law or its own constitution, the Government of Nepal may, upon the recommendation of the Council, suspend such working committee for a prescribed period or dissolve it. Provided that, before such suspension or dissolution, a reasonable opportunity shall be given to such working committee to present its defense.

(2) If the working committee of any social association or institution is suspended pursuant to sub-section (1), the Government of Nepal may form an ad-hoc committee from among the general members of such association or institution to conduct the affairs of such association or institution until the suspension is lifted, and if dissolved, until a new working committee is formed.

(3) If the working committee of any social association or institution is dissolved due to reasons pursuant to sub-section (1), the ad-hoc committee formed pursuant to sub-section (2) must form a new working committee in accordance with the constitution of such association or institution within three months from the date of such formation. 21. Provisions Relating to Employees: (1) The Council may appoint employees as required.

(2) The remuneration, terms of service and facilities of the employees of the Council shall be as specified by the Council. 22. Involvement of Social Associations or Institutions: Employees of the Council shall not be involved as office bearers or members of the working committees of social associations or institutions affiliated with the Council. 23.
Social Welfare Act, 1992

22. Involvement of Social Associations or Institutions: Employees of the Council shall not be involved as office bearers or members of the working committees of social associations or institutions affiliated with the Council. 23. Annual Report: (1) The Council shall, within six months from the date of expiry of each fiscal year, submit an annual report, including the audit report and a detailed account of its activities, to the Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens.

(2) A social association or institution affiliated with the Council shall, within six months from the date of expiry of each fiscal year, submit an annual report showing details of its work along with the audit report to the Council. 24. Power to Remove Difficulties: If any difficulty arises in the implementation of this Act, the Government of Nepal may, by issuing an order published in the Nepal Gazette, remove such difficulty. 25. Contact with Government of Nepal: When contacting the Government of Nepal, the Council shall do so through the Amended by the Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts to Make them Consistent with the Constitution of Nepal, 2075. Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens. 26. Power to Frame Rules: The Council may frame necessary rules for the fulfillment of the objectives of this Act. 27. Repeal and Saving: (1) The Social Service National Coordination Council Act, 2034 is hereby repealed, and the rights and liabilities of the Social Service National Coordination Council shall vest in the Council established under this Act.

(2) Employees working in the Social Service National Coordination Council shall be transferred to the Council established under this Act.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

Chapter-2

Number, Boundaries, and Centers of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities

3. Number and Boundaries of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities: (1) The number and boundaries (specifying the four cardinal limits) of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities shall be determined pursuant to Sub-section (3) of Article 295 of the Constitution.

(2) The Government of Nepal may, subject to Sub-sections (3) and (4), alter the number or boundaries of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities determined pursuant to Sub-section (1) based on population, geography, administrative convenience, infrastructure development status, economic capacity, availability of natural resources, and linguistic, cultural, and community composition. Provided that,
The number and boundaries shall not be altered in such a way that a Rural Municipality or Municipality of one district falls within another district.

(3) If the number or boundaries of a Rural Municipality or Municipality need to be altered, a proposal must be passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members currently serving in the Assembly of the affected Rural Municipality or Municipality and submitted to the Provincial Government.

(4) Within fifteen days of receiving the proposal pursuant to Sub-section (3), the Provincial Government shall recommend to the Government of Nepal to alter the number or boundaries of the Rural Municipality or Municipality according to that proposal.

(5) If the number and boundaries of a Rural Municipality or Municipality need to be altered, the alteration must be completed at least one year prior to the date of the election of the Rural Municipality or Municipality. 4.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

4. Name and Center of a Rural Municipality or Municipality: (1) The Government of Nepal shall, in consultation with the Provincial Government, determine the name and center of a Rural Municipality or Municipality.

(2) The minimum standards for land area, physical infrastructure, and other matters required for the center of a Rural Municipality or Municipality shall be as determined by the Government of Nepal.

(3) If the name or center of a Rural Municipality or Municipality needs to be altered, the Executive shall submit a proposal passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members currently serving in the relevant Assembly to the Government of Nepal through the Provincial Government.

(4) If the Government of Nepal deems appropriate the proposal received pursuant to Sub-section (3), it may alter the name or center of such Rural Municipality or Municipality.

(5) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Section, within six months from the date of the first election of the Rural Municipality or Municipality, if the relevant Assembly passes a proposal by a majority of the total number of members currently serving therein and recommends it to the Government of Nepal for altering the name or center of the Rural Municipality or Municipality once, the Government of Nepal shall alter the name or center according to that recommendation.

(6) When recommending the alteration of a center pursuant to this Section, it shall be done subject to the standards mentioned in Sub-section (2).

(7) If the name or center of a Rural Municipality or Municipality is altered, information thereof shall be given to the Provincial Government.

(8) If the name of a Rural Municipality or Municipality coincides with the name of another Rural Municipality or Municipality, the Government of Nepal may, through the Provincial Government, send a suggestion to the concerned Rural Municipality or Municipality to change such name.

(9) Upon receiving the suggestion pursuant to Sub-section (8), the Executive shall, following the procedure under Sub-section (3), change the name of the Rural Municipality or Municipality and submit it to the Government of Nepal through the Provincial Government. 5.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

5. Number, Boundaries, and Center of Wards: (1) The Government of Nepal shall determine the boundaries and number of wards to be in a Rural Municipality or Municipality.

(2) When determining the number of wards pursuant to Sub-section (1), the Government of Nepal shall ensure that a Rural Municipality has at least five and at most twenty-one wards, and a Municipality has at least nine and at most thirty-five wards.

(3) The Assembly shall, upon the recommendation of the concerned Ward, pass a proposal by a majority of the total number of members currently serving therein based on the following grounds and determine the center of the Ward:-
(a) Population and population distribution status,
(b) Geographical continuity, suitability, and specificity,
(c) Linguistic, cultural, and social specificity,
(d) Distribution status and accessibility of service facilities,
(e) Existing physical infrastructure. 6. Power to Alter Number and Boundaries of Wards: (1) The Government of Nepal may alter the number and boundaries of wards determined pursuant to Section 5 as required.

(2) When altering the number and boundaries of wards pursuant to Sub-section (1), the grounds mentioned in Sub-section (3) of Section 5 shall be adopted.

(3) If it is necessary to alter the number or boundaries of a Ward, a proposal must be passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members currently serving in the Rural Assembly or Municipal Assembly and submitted to the Government of Nepal through the Provincial Government.

(4) Upon receiving a proposal pursuant to Sub-section (3), the Government of Nepal shall alter the number or boundaries of the Ward according to that proposal within six months.

(5) When altering the number and boundaries of wards pursuant to this Section, the alteration must be completed at least one year prior to the election of the Rural Municipality or Municipality.

(6) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Section, within six months from the date of the first election of the Rural Municipality or Municipality, if the Rural Assembly or Municipal Assembly passes a proposal by a majority of the total number of members currently serving therein to alter the boundaries of a Ward and submits it to the Government of Nepal through the Provincial Government, the Government of Nepal shall alter the boundaries of the Ward.

(7) If it is necessary to alter the center of a Ward, the center of the Ward may be altered by passing a proposal by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members currently serving in the Rural Assembly or Municipal Assembly in consultation with the Ward Committee.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

Provided that, for the first time after the commencement of this Act, the center of a Ward may be altered by passing a proposal by a majority of the total number of members currently serving in the Rural Assembly or Municipal Assembly.

(8) When altering the center of a Ward pursuant to Sub-section (7), the concerned Rural Municipality or Municipality shall arrange for the necessary physical infrastructure and other arrangements from its internal revenue.

(9) If the center of a Ward is altered pursuant to Sub-section (7), the concerned Rural Municipality or Municipality shall send information thereof to the Provincial Government and the Government of Nepal within thirty-five days.

(10) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Section, the Government of Nepal may include a Ward of a Rural Municipality or Municipality in another adjoining Rural Municipality or Municipality.

(11) When including a Ward pursuant to Sub-section (10), a proposal must be passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members currently serving in the Assemblies of the Rural Municipality or Municipality where the Ward is located and the one where it is to be included, and submitted to the Government of Nepal through the Provincial Government. 7. Rural Municipalities or Municipalities may Merge with Each Other: (1) If two or more adjoining Municipalities and Municipalities, Rural Municipalities and Rural Municipalities, or Municipalities and Rural Municipalities within a district so desire, they may pass a proposal to merge with each other by a majority of the total number of members currently serving in the relevant Assembly.

(2) When passing a proposal pursuant to Sub-section (1), details including the name of the Rural Municipality or Municipality to be established after such merger, the boundaries, number, and center of wards shall be specified and submitted to the Provincial Government.

(3) Upon receiving a proposal with details pursuant to Sub-section (2), the Provincial Government shall analyze the economic and social aspects of such proposal and recommend it to the Government of Nepal within thirty days.

(4) If the Government of Nepal decides to merge the Rural Municipality or Municipality pursuant to the recommendation under Sub-section (3), it shall also determine the name, number and boundaries of wards, and center of such Rural Municipality or Municipality.

(5) The implementation of the decision made pursuant to this Section regarding the merger of Municipalities or Rural Municipalities shall come into effect from the next election immediately thereafter.

(6) The Government of Nepal and the Provincial Government shall provide additional grants to the Rural Municipality or Municipality established by merger pursuant to this Section, over and above the grants provided prior to the merger. 8.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

9. Power to Declare Cultural or Tourist Area: (1) The Provincial Government may, if it deems appropriate for the protection of historical significance, archaeological objects, art, or culture, or for the promotion of tourism within a Rural Municipality or Municipality, prescribe standards for that purpose and declare a Rural Municipality or Municipality, or any area thereof, specifying its four cardinal limits, as a Cultural or Tourist Area.

(2) The Provincial Government may arrange special programs and budgets for the development of Cultural or Tourist Areas declared pursuant to Sub-section (1).

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in Sub-section (1), a Rural Municipality or Municipality may declare any place within its area as a Cultural or Tourist Area. 10. Notice to be Published in the Nepal Gazette: The Government of Nepal shall publish a notice of decisions made on the following matters in the Nepal Gazette:-
(a) Determination and alteration of the number and boundaries of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities,
(b) Name of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities and its alteration,
(c) Determination and alteration of the ward number, boundaries specifying the four cardinal limits, and center of wards of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities,
(d) Merger of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities with each other,
(e) Declaration of Municipality, Sub-Metropolis, and Metropolis. Chapter-3

Functions, Duties, and Powers of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities

11. Powers of Rural Municipalities and Municipalities: (1) The exclusive powers of a Rural Municipality or Municipality shall be as mentioned in Schedule-8 of the Constitution.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of Sub-section (1), the functions, duties, and powers of a Rural Municipality or Municipality shall be as follows:-

a. Municipal Police
(1) Formation, operation, management, regulation of Municipal Police, and formulation and implementation of policies, laws, and standards relating to Municipal Police.
(2) May mobilize Municipal Police to assist in the following functions:-
(a) Implementation of policies, laws, standards, and decisions of the Rural Municipality or Municipality,
(b) Security and protection of property of the Rural Municipality or Municipality,
(c) Security management of local assemblies, ceremonies, traditions, festivals, and processions,
(d) Supervision and management of local markets and parking areas,
(e) Implementation of standards relating to village or city sanitation,
(f) Implementation of mediation and decisions made by the Judicial Committee,
(g) Protection and security of public fallow and uncultivated land, public buildings, heritage, and physical infrastructure,
(h) Search, rescue, relief, and rehabilitation related to disaster management,
(i) Control of unauthorized advertisements and hoarding boards,
(j) Control of stray animals,
(k) Prevention and control of unauthorized construction and encroachment of public property,
(l) Other functions assigned by the Executive.

b.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

Collection of Local Statistics and Records
(1) Policy, law, standards, planning, implementation, and regulation relating to local statistics,
(2) Collection and management of baseline data,
(3) Record and registration management of birth, death, marriage, divorce, migration registration, and family lineage,
(4) Collection and management of baseline data integrated with information and communication technology,
(5) Other functions relating to collection of local statistics and records.

g. Local Level Development Projects and Programs
(1) Formulation, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, and regulation of policies, laws, and standards relating to development projects and programs,
(2) Formulation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of necessary projects and programs for economic, social, cultural, environmental, technological, and infrastructural development,
(3) Study, research, and impact evaluation of projects,
(4) Identification and record management of potential natural resources,
(5) Formulation, project identification, study, implementation, and regulation of policies, laws, standards, and related plans for urban development, settlement development, and buildings, subject to federal and provincial law,
(6) Building construction permission, monitoring, and regulation according to the National Building Code and standards,
(7) Construction, maintenance, operation, and management of government buildings, schools, community buildings, auditoriums, and other public buildings and structures,
(8) Coordination, facilitation, and support in the implementation of federal and provincial level projects and programs,
(9) Formulation, implementation, monitoring, regulation, and evaluation of policies, plans, and programs relating to safe settlement development,
(10) Issuance, renewal, and cancellation of "Class 'D'" licenses for public construction works as per prevailing law,
(11) Identification, implementation, management, monitoring, and regulation of projects relating to tourism sector development, expansion, and promotion,
(12) Identification, implementation, management, monitoring, and regulation of projects relating to new tourism services and activities,
(13) Other functions relating to development projects and programs.

h.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

Local Market Management, Environmental Protection, and Biodiversity
(1) Policy, law, standards, implementation, and regulation relating to local trade, demand and supply of goods, consumer rights and interests,
(2) Market and bazaar management,
(3) Production, supply, and export projection, price determination, and monitoring of local goods,
(4) Infrastructure construction relating to local trade and commerce,
(5) Monitoring and regulation of price and quality of local goods and service trade,
(6) Registration, permission, renewal, cancellation, monitoring, and regulation of local level commercial firms,
(7) Data system and study research of local trade,
(8) Coordination and collaboration with private and non-governmental sectors,
(9) Promotion, facilitation, and regulation of local trade,
(10) Protection, promotion, and documentation of local intellectual property,
(11) Enhancement of consumer awareness, management of targeted consumer records, and quality testing of local goods and services,
(12) Formulation of local policies, laws, standards, plans, and their implementation, monitoring, and regulation relating to environmental protection and biodiversity,
(13) Environmental risk reduction at the local level,
(14) Control, monitoring, and regulation of sale and consumption of consumer goods adversely affecting public health, and environmental pollution and harmful substances at the local level,
(15) Sanitation and solid waste management at the local level,
(16) Adoption of low-carbon and environmentally friendly development at the local level,
(17) Protection and promotion of green areas at the local level,
(18) Determination and management of environmental protection areas at the local level,
(19) Other functions relating to local market management, environmental protection, and biodiversity.

k. Local Roads, Rural Roads, Agricultural Roads, and Irrigation
(1) Policy, law, standards, and related plan formulation, implementation, monitoring, and regulation relating to local, rural, and agricultural roads and irrigation,
(2) Formulation, implementation, maintenance, and regulation of master plans relating to local, rural, and agricultural roads, suspension bridges, culverts, irrigation, and embankments,
(3) Construction, operation, supervision, maintenance, upgrading, monitoring, and regulation of local level irrigation systems,
(4) Management and regulation of transport safety,
(5) Other functions relating to local roads, rural roads, agricultural roads.

l.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

Management of Rural Assembly, Municipal Assembly, Conciliation, and Mediation
(1) Policies, laws, and procedures relating to the Rural Assembly or Municipal Assembly,
(2) Approval of thematic policies and strategies, periodic and annual plans, programs, and budgets at the local level,
(3) Formation and operation of committees of the Assembly,
(4) Formation of joint committees on matters of common concern and partnership among local levels,
(5) Discussion and necessary directives on reports presented to the Assembly by the Executive and Judicial Committee,
(6) Directives to the Executive for effective implementation of development plans and programs and good governance,
(7) Regulation of matters that impose financial burden on the Rural Municipality or Municipality,
(8) Local conciliation and mediation,
(9) Other functions relating to management of Rural Assembly, Municipal Assembly, conciliation, and mediation.

m. Local Records Management
(1) Formulation, implementation, monitoring, and regulation of policies, laws, standards, and plans relating to local records management,
(2) Collection and processing of data including demographic, natural, economic, social, cultural, physical infrastructure, employment status, gross domestic product, per capita income, human development and gender empowerment index, revenue and income expenditure, and updated documentation incorporating latest technology and linkage with national and local information systems, profiles, and resource maps,
(3) Establishment and operation of information and record centers,
(4) Updated records including details of public property, community property, buildings, roads, shops, businesses,
(5) Details of completed and ongoing plans within its area and updated records of assets of such plans,
(6) Use of latest information technology in local records management,
(7) Other functions relating to local records management.

n. Distribution of Land Ownership Certificates
(1) Local land survey maps, plot division, mutation, registration, name transfer, and entry/cancellation,
(2) Distribution and record management of land ownership certificates,
(3) Records according to land classification,
(4) Coordination and facilitation in land acquisition, compensation determination, and distribution for public purposes,
(5) Coordination and facilitation in survey maps and land ownership determination work,
(6) Other functions relating to distribution of land ownership certificates.

o.
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

Management, Operation, and Control of Agricultural Extension
(1) Local policies, laws, standards, plans, implementation, monitoring, and regulation relating to agricultural extension,
(2) Projection, management, and mobilization of agricultural extension and manpower,
(3) Capacity building, technical services, support, skill development, and empowerment of farmers,
(4) Supply, use, and regulation of seeds, breeds, fertilizers, chemicals, and medicines for agriculture,
(5) Coordination, management, and regulation of farmer groups, agricultural cooperatives, and local associations and organizations related to agriculture,
(6) Preservation and transfer of agricultural technology at the local level,
(7) Dissemination of agricultural information,
(8) Development and management of resource centers at the local level,
(9) Promotion and dissemination of organic farming and manure,
(10) Other functions relating to management, operation, and control of agricultural extension.

s. Drinking Water, Small

(6) The Federation or a Province may, in accordance with the Constitution and prevailing law, enact a law to assign any subject within its jurisdiction to a Rural Municipality or a Municipality.

(7) While exercising the functions, duties, and rights pursuant to sub-sections (1), (3), (4), and (5), a Rural Municipality or a Municipality may, as necessary, formulate and implement laws, policies, plans, standards, and procedures.

(8) A local level may establish a sister relationship with any local government of a foreign country upon obtaining prior approval of the Government of Nepal in consultation with the Provincial Government. 12. Functions, Duties, and Rights of Ward Committee: (1) The functions, duties, and rights of a Ward Committee shall be as prescribed by the Executive.

(2) While prescribing the functions, duties, and rights of the Ward Committee pursuant to sub-section (1), the Executive must prescribe at least the following:

(a) Planning, implementation, and monitoring of plans within the ward:
(1) Adopting the planning process from settlement or tole level according to the participatory planning system to collect, prioritize, and select demands for settlement and tole level plans,
(2) Forming and mobilizing tole development organizations and forming consumer committees for plans to be operated within the ward and monitoring thereof,
(3) Preserving, maintaining, supervising, and managing plans and physical infrastructure within the ward,

(b) Updating and preservation of statistics:
(1) Maintaining records of private houses and households,
(2) Maintaining records and preserving heritage of historical, archaeological, cultural, and religious importance, ancient monuments, public and community buildings, public, fallow, and barren land,
(3) Collecting statistics of open areas, chowks, ghats, pati, pa
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

uwa, sattal, dharamshala, religious and cultural sites, hills and slopes, grazing lands, water springs, ponds, lakes, wells, kuwa, dhara, stone spouts, guthi houses, paths, roads, bridges and culverts, canals and irrigation channels, water mills, updating records, preserving, and preparing and updating the ward profile with disaggregated statistics and information,

(c) Development works:
(1) Arranging for children's parks,
(2) Operating and managing informal education programs, child care, and early childhood development centers,
(3) Operating and managing libraries, reading rooms, community learning centers, children's clubs, and children's networks,
(4) Managing health institutions and services at the ward level,
(5) Operating, managing, and coordinating vaccination service programs,
(6) Operating and coordinating nutrition programs,
(7) Conducting health awareness development and health information programs at the ward level,
(8) Operating urban and rural health clinics, or causing them to be operated,
(9) Constructing and managing public toilets, bathing rooms, and waiting halls, or causing them to be constructed,
(10) Managing ward-level community water taps, constructing, pr eserving, and regulating the quality of wells, kuwa, and ponds,
(11) Collecting and managing household waste, cleaning chowks and alleys, draining sewage, managing dead animals, draining surface water, and protecting water sources, or causing these to be done,
(12) Establishing, coordinating, and promoting agricultural and fruit nurseries, and orienting ward-level lead farmer training,
(13) Collecting demands for agricultural seeds, fertilizers, and medicines,
(14) Collecting details of agricultural diseases,
(15) Livestock and poultry development and management of stray cattle,
(16) Preserving and managing grazing lands within the ward,
(17) Conducting or causing to be conducted arts, drama, awareness, and cultural programs for the development of local community festivals, languages, and cultures,
(18) Preserving and promoting cultural practices reflecting local distinctiveness,
(19) Developing sports infrastructure within the ward,
(20) Conducting or causing to be conducted sports programs through inter-school and club channels,
(21) Maintaining roads and paths within the ward area in usable condition and assisting in maintaining them,
(22) Preventing obstruction and encroachment
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

on road rights-of-way within the ward,
(23) Clearing obstructions on roads and paths caused by floods, landslides, storms, and natural disasters,
(24) Collecting records of cottage industries and identifying potential,
(25) Promoting cottage industries within the ward,
(26) Registering, updating, and collecting and preserving records of personal incidents in accordance with prevailing law,
(27) Conducting awareness programs on personal incident registration,
(28) Distributing social security allowances and updating records,
(29) Making the ward child-friendly,
(30) Keeping records of economically and socially disadvantaged women, children, Dalits, persons with disabilities, senior citizens, minorities, and marginalized communities within the ward and carrying out work related to their social and economic upliftment,
(31) Maintaining social harmony and amity among various communities,
(32) Ending or causing to be ended social evils and superstitions such as child marriage, polygamy, gender-based violence, untouchability, dowry and daijo, Haliya practice, Chaupadi, Kamlari practice, child labor, and human trafficking,
(33) Subject to prevailing law, accounting and collecting land re venue and land tax, business tax, rental tax, advertisement tax, paid parking, new business registration, recommendation fee, vehicle tax, entertainment tax, and submitting the amount with a report to the concerned Rural Municipality or Municipality,
(34) Taking an unattended or helpless person who is sick or disabled to the nearest hospital or health center for treatment,
(35) Arranging for the cremation of an unattended or helpless person upon their death,
(36) Collecting records for the rescue and rehabilitation of street children,
(37) Preserving and promoting community forests, forest heritage, and biodiversity within the ward,
(38) Expanding or causing to be expanded green areas at ward, tole, and settlement levels,
(39) Making the ward environmentally friendly,
(40) Conducting or causing to be conducted promotional activities such as organic farming, safe motherhood, student enrollment, full vaccination, open defecation free sanitation, environmentally friendly and child-friendly governance,
(41) Promoting home stay programs within the ward.

(d) Regulatory works:
(1) Monitoring and regulating development plans, projects, and the works of associated consumer committees opera
Local Government Operation Act, 2017

ting within the ward,
(2) Providing training to carpenters and masons on earthquake-resistant building construction,
(3) Monitoring the quality and price list of food grains, fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, beverages, and consumables to protect consumer interests,
(4) Promoting industries, trades, and businesses within the ward and keeping records,
(5) Managing or causing to be managed weekly markets,
(6) Assisting in controlling electricity leakage and theft.

(e) Recommendation and certification:
(1) Certifying relationship,
(2) Recommending for citizenship and copy of citizenship,
(3) Recommending the account of rental tax,
(4) Attending as a witness for opening sealed houses and rooms,
(5) Recommending the removal of tenant records,
(6) Recommending the account of house and land tax,
(7) Certifying date of birth,
(8) Recommending that a trade or business has been closed, is not operating, or never existed,
(9) Certifying marriage and certifying unmarried status,
(10) Recommending for free or paid medical treatment,
(11) Recommending and certifying recommendations and other documents issued by the ward in the English language as well,
(12) Certifying house particulars,
(13) Cert ifying personal details,
(14) Recommending for recording a house on the land ownership certificate,
(15) If a person's name, surname, date of birth, and domicile are different, recommending that the person is the same,
(16) Recommending correction of name, surname, date of birth,
(17) Recommending for loss of land ownership certificate,
(18) Recommending for subdivision of plots,
(19) Certifying guardianship and recommending institutional and personal guardians,
(20) Certifying relationship with living persons,
(21) Certifying relationship with deceased persons and recommending site inspection,
(22) Recommending that a person is alive,
(23) Certifying legal heir or claimant,
(24) Recommending for name transfer,
(25) Recommending regarding land rights,
(26) Recommending for relocation of industry,
(27) Recommending for opening a basic school,
(28) Recommending land valuation,
(29) Recommending for adding grades to a school,
(30) Recommending for the sustenance of disabled, helpless, and orphaned persons,
(31) Recommending for marital naturalized citizenship,
(32) Recommending regarding poor or affluent economic status,
(33) Recommending for relocation of school,
(34) Recommending fo r water tap and electricity connection,
(35) Other recommendations or certifications as per delegated authority in accordance with prevailing law.

(3) Until the functions, duties, and rights of the Ward Committee are prescribed by the Executive pursuant to sub-section (1), the Ward Committee shall exercise the functions, duties, and rights pursuant to sub-section (2).

(4) Work done by the ward shall be carried out in the name of the Ward Office. 13.