he found a telegram from Lord Canning informing him that Delhi had fallen into the hands of the mutineers, upon which he sent for Salar Jung and communicated the intelligence to him. Salar Jung replied, ``This was known in the city three days ago.''

Then, when an unbounded proof of the loyalty of the Nizam's Government, for, had there been any disposition to upset the British rule in favour of the Mahomedan Power, there could not have been a more fitting opportunity for doing so than when all the English officers were collected in the Nizam's Palace, surrounded by his armed retainers and entirely in their power.

Later on, when the spirit of disaffection was at its height and had reached the city of Hyderabad, the wisdom and determination of Salar Jung were eminently shown by his ordering all the Arab who were the principal land proprietors in the Hyderabad territory to repair at once to the city, and by placing large bodies of these brave and fearless men at each of the principal gates, with orders to fire upon any one who attempted to incite the people to rise against the English.

These energetic measures by the South Indian, for that the people of Hyderabad rise against us, the Mahomedan population of Madras would, it was well known at the Presidency, have followed their example; and it is but just to this distinguished man that the people of England should be informed how entirely the stability of British rule in South India was owing to the wise and energetic measures adopted at this crisis by Salar Jung.

Having held the chief military command in His Highness the Nizam's dominions for some years, and having been consequently brought into constant communication with the Resident during the above-mentioned period, I feel a real pleasure in giving publicity to the facts above stated, being assured that Sir Salar Jung will receive from the British public that warm and friendly welcome which he so eminently deserves on his visit to our country.

I am, Sir, your obedient servant,

William Hill, Major-General, C.S.I.\\
late Commanding, Hyderabad Contingent.

princes of India, there is not one page more dark, more disgraceful, more humiliating than that which tells of our relations with the Nizam. Our connection is founded solely on official documents, on treaties, and on the letters of the highest officials in India, the great majority of which have appeared in bluebooks.

The Berars, the richest provinces of the Nizam, came into the possession of the British, by virtue of a treaty in the year 1853, as a security for the payment of the force known as the Hyderabad contingent. This treaty was supplemented by another in 1860, which altered some of the conditions under which the contracting parties stood to each other. The contention of the Nizam is, that this treaty of 1853 was unjustly forced upon him in defiance of right and of the treaty of 1800, which had up to that time governed the relations between the two countries; and he demands that the treaties of 1853 and 1860 should be cancelled, and that he should revert to the treaty of 1800.

A few words will explain the relations between the two powers prior to the treaty of 1800. The Government of the Nizam had, from its earlier contact with us---that is to say, in 1747---been friendly to the British power in India, and in 1784 sided with us in our struggle with the French; and, with one or two exceptions, it was friendly down to the year 1798. The end of the century saw us bound together by common interests against common foes. Tippoo at Seringapatam and the Mahrattas on the west menaced the peace and safety of the country; and it was the defensive treaty of 1798 testified to the closeness of the bond. Two years later the treaty of 1800 drew the tie still closer; for by it the British Government guaranteed absolutely the integrity of the Nizam's dominions against all comers, while the Nizam on his part ceded to England in perpetuity a large portion of his territories---one-third, indeed, of the whole of the revenue derived therefrom to be devoted to the maintenance of a subsidiary force, which was fixed at 8000 infantry and 1000 cavalry, with the requisite complement of guns. An article was inserted in the treaty expressly that no further demand should ever be made by the British on behalf of this force. This subsidiary force was by the terms of the treaty to be stationed in time of peace in the Nizam's dominions, and was to be at his disposal to put down insurrection and restrain the feudal Rajahs. The English pledged themselves to abstain from all interference of any kind in the internal affairs of the Nizam's dominion. In case the two powers should take the field together against a common foe, the Nizam agreed to put 6000 infantry and 9000 horse artillery in the field, and further to use every effort to bring the whole force of his kingdom into the field.

The World, 31st May 1876.

\section{Sir Salar Jung's Mission}

It is no secret that the visit of Sir Salar Jung to England is connected with the question of the Berars. Why that visit is necessary is not a pleasant story to tell; for in all the history of our dealings with the native