chengyewang/TexOCR-eval huggingface dataset:
\subsection*{Success Factor Category: Environment}

\subsection*{Success Factor: Stable internal environment (strategic direction)}

A stable internal environment in terms of strategic direction of the outsourcing bank influences ITO success. Firstly, environmental changes can obviate the need or can change the desire for ITO in general. A change in strategic direction against ITO can be caused by a new internal management too. Secondly, environmental stability supports the ability to define stable ITO requirements for the lifetime of the ITO contract and thus avoids costly contractual amendments if possible at all.

\subsection*{Summary of case studies}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lccccccccc}
 & Contract A & Contract B & Contract C & Contract D & Contract E & Contract F & Contract G & Contract H & Result \\
\hline
Relevance & Yes & Yes & No & Yes & No & Yes & Yes & Yes & No \\
Weighting & Partly necessary & Partly necessary &  & Partly necessary &  & Partly necessary & Partly necessary & Partly necessary &  \\
\hline
Process Classification &  &  &  &  &  &  &  &  &  \\
Preparation &  &  &  &  &  &  & X &  &  \\
Selection &  &  &  &  &  &  & X &  &  \\
Contract &  &  &  &  &  &  & X &  &  \\
Transition &  &  &  &  &  &  & X &  &  \\
Execution & X & X &  & X &  & X & X & X &  \\
Post-deal &  &  &  &  &  &  &  &  &  \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Summary of case studies}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}

\textbf{Comments}

Contract B: The development of a new European market as a new business objective requires adaptations in the system (in particular registration). These individually necessary changes in the system are charged only to the bank.

Contract C: Customer ratings are a legal requirement (Basel II) in case of loan applications.

Contract D: Desired changes in the kind of customer data to be stored are implemented regularly.

Contract F: The demands on the system (accountancy, staff and goods economy) do not depend on the strategic direction.

Contract G: Currently the foundation of competence centre in the banking group (for IT with this ITO).

Contract H: Internal stability is better for a successful outsourcing, in particular as the external environment changes very quickly currently. But nevertheless, changes must be possible at additional costs.

In cases C and E the system requirements are not dependent on the strategic objectives of the enterprise; hence, the success factor is not relevant in these cases.

In cases A, B, D, F, G and H the stability of the strategic enterprise objectives is classified as partly necessary for the achievement of ITO success during the term of the ITO. In case B the development of a new European market required adaptations in the outsourced standard core banking system which could be implemented
\section{Contributions to UNV in 2021}

\textbf{Annual Report 2021}

Contributions from partners (thousands of US\$).

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lccc}
\hline
 & Special Voluntary Fund & Other Resources (Full Funding, Trust Fund, Cost-Sharing) & Total \\
\hline
\multicolumn{4}{l}{\textbf{Partner Countries}} \\
Sweden &  & 5 676 & 5 676 \\
Republic of Korea &  & 4 507 & 4 507 \\
Germany & 3 446 & 180 & 3 626 \\
Spain &  & 3 479 & 3 479 \\
Switzerland & 865 & 1 900 & 2 765 \\
France & 226 & 2 075 & 2 301 \\
Japan &  & 1 925 & 1 925 \\
Finland &  & 1 556 & 1 556 \\
Ireland & 60 & 1 401 & 1 461 \\
Russian Federation &  & 1 000 & 1 000 \\
China & 27 & 643 & 670 \\
Czech Republic & 14 & 443 & 457 \\
Norway &  & 350 & 350 \\
Kazakhstan & 50 &  & 50 \\
Bangladesh & 2 &  & 2 \\
Thailand & 1 &  & 1 \\
\textbf{Sub-total Partner Countries} & 4 690 & 25 137 & 29 828 \\
\hline
\multicolumn{4}{l}{\textbf{Other Contributors}} \\
Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan &  & 83 & 83 \\
King Mongkut’s University Thonburi, Thailand &  & 46 & 46 \\
PeaceNexus Foundation, Switzerland &  & 25 & 25 \\
UNV Digital Giving (individual donations) & 11 &  & 11 \\
\textbf{Sub-total Other Contributors} & 11 & 154 & 165 \\
\hline
\textbf{Grand Total} & 4 701 & 25 292 & 29 993 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}

In addition to the above, UNV received the amount of US\$798,000 from the Government of Germany in 2021 for the upgrade of the UN Campus Bonn infrastructure. As Premises Manager, UNV administers these funds in line with UNDP Financial Regulations and Rules.

We are developing dedicated pages for our UNV funding partners; visit the available pages below to learn more about our partnerships and see the latest data and news. More funding partner pages are in development and will follow in due course (Australia, Bangladesh, China, India and Thailand).
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{Sample composition in N (count) and percentages of total sample.}
\label{table_S3}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
\hline
Category & Groups \\
\hline
Education & High school or less (107; 16.3\%) \\
 & Higher degree (288; 43.8\%) \\
 & Some college (262; 39.9\%) \\
Gender & Male (337; 51.3\%) \\
 & Female (284; 43.2\%) \\
 & Other (36; 5.5\%) \\
Age & 18--29 (464; 70.6\%) \\
 & 30--49 (156; 23.7\%) \\
 & Over 50 (37; 5.6\%) \\
Political ideology & 1 (67; 10.2\%) \\
 & 2 (211; 32.1\%) \\
 & 3 (242; 36.8\%) \\
 & 5 (75; 11.4\%) \\
 & 6 (25; 3.8\%) \\
 & 7 (37; 5.6\%) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\vspace{0.5em}

\noindent Note: Political ideology is coded from very liberal (1) to very conservative (7).
\end{table}
6.4. The table below summarises the Relevant Documents to which changes are proposed, the owner(s) of each document and gives an annex number to that document.

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
Relevant Document & Document Owner & Reference \\
BSC & Elexon & Separate Annex 2 \\
CUSC & NGET & Separate Annex 3 \\
DCUSA & DCUSA Limited & Separate Annex 4 \\
Distribution Code & Distribution Licensees & Separate Annex 5 \\
Grid Code & NGET & Separate Annex 6 \\
STC & NGET, SPT and SHETL & Separate Annex 7 \\
GBSQSS & NGET, SPT and SHETL & Separate Annex 8 \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Relevant documents, owners and references}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}

\subsection{Interaction with Changes under Normal Governance Arrangements}

6.5. As explained above, the owner(s) of each of the Relevant Documents were asked to prepare drafting for code change proposals that would meet our drafting instructions. In each case the changes proposed for offshore transmission are marked against baseline text for the Relevant Document that was current when the drafting was prepared.

6.6. Subsequent to development of the Relevant Document change proposals, changes have been made to some of the Relevant Documents as a result of the normal governance arrangements.

6.7. As part of our further development of the code change proposals for the implementation of the proposed offshore transmission arrangements, we will continue to assess these recent and future changes to Relevant Documents.

\subsection{Drafting Approach}

\subsubsection{Extension of Current Onshore Arrangements}

6.8. Where we considered that it was appropriate to extend the current onshore arrangements offshore, drafting has been developed:

\begin{itemize}
\item Extending the use of the term Great Britain within the Relevant Document, to include relevant offshore areas;
\item Extending existing obligations offshore; and/or
\item Defining the GB Transmission System or the Total System to include all licensed transmission systems (i.e. onshore and offshore).
\end{itemize}
摺動面における潤滑状態で，流体潤滑限界は
\[
l_{\min}/R_{\max} > 1
\]
で規定される。ただし $l_{\min}$ は最少油膜厚さ，$R_{\max}$ は摺動面両方のあらさの和である。ピストンリングの計算においては，摩擦損失計算の過程で上記の判定を行い，それぞれの条件で計算した。

\subsection*{3）時間平均}
以上のようにして求めた摩擦損失は，時間の関数として得られ，1サイクルでは平均値として求める必要がある。すなわち平均摩擦損失 $\bar{H}$ は，
\[
\bar{H} = \frac{1}{T_F + T_B}\left( \int H_F \, dt + \int H_B \, dt \right)
\]
ここで

$T_F$ = 流体潤滑の継続時間

$T_B$ = 境界潤滑の継続時間

以上で計算した結果の中から，1例としてピストントップリングの最少油膜厚さと，摩擦損失動力の計算結果を図\ref{fig:figure_22}に，計算の基礎としたピストンリングの摺動面潤滑模形を図\ref{fig:figure_23}に示す。又種々のピストンリング状態での摩擦損失を計算した結果を表\ref{tab:table_2}に示している。同表より，リング1本減少すれば摩擦損失は約8\%減少すること，ダブルステップリング（図\ref{fig:figure_24}）の場合の摩擦損失の各段の配分，リング幅を減少した時の効果などが推測できる。以上の検討結果から，UEC-L形機関の開発においては，それまでのリング本数5本を4本にし，更にリング幅を約30\%減少した設計として現在に至っている。

以上の式で，更に機関摺動部各部における摩擦損失を計算した結果によれば，ピストンリングが全体の約1/3を占めて一番大きく，その他クロスヘッド軸受及びシュー，その他が約1/3ずつを占めることが明らかとなり，それらの改善に，この計算法が有効に利用されている。

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_23.pdf}
\caption{リング摺動面の潤滑模型}
\label{fig:figure_23}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}
\centering
\caption{ピストンリングの摩擦損失推定値(\%)}
\label{tab:table_2}
\begin{tabular}{lcccccc}
リング段 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 合計 \\
現状仕様* & 39.0 & 23.9 & 13.8 & 11.6 & 11.6 & 100.0 \\
同上，4本リング & 39.0 & 24.0 & 14.2 & 14.8 & -- & 92.0 \\
1段ダブルステップリング & 78.2 & 6.3 & 6.3 & 6.3 & 6.3 & 103.4 \\
同上，リング幅20\%減，3本リング & 60.8 & 6.1 & 6.1 & -- & -- & 73.0
\end{tabular}

（※）現状（リング5本）の場合を100\%として表示した。
\end{table}

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_22.pdf}
\caption{ピストンリングの摩擦損失}
\label{fig:figure_22}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_24.pdf}
\caption{ダブルステップリング切口図}
\label{fig:figure_24}
\end{figure}

\subsection*{(8) ターボコンパウンド方式の検討}
\subsection*{1）ターボコンパウンド方式}
内燃機関では燃料の保有するエネルギは燃焼によって，作動ガスの内部エネルギに変換され，それは機械的仕事，冷却損失，排気損失などに分れる。
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_S10.pdf}
\caption{Normalized UV-Vis spectra of the CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$ perovskite films annealed with and without the PbI$_2$ cap.}
\label{figure_S10}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_S11.pdf}
\caption{Schematic of the structure of the fabricated perovskite solar cell.}
\label{figure_S11}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}
\centering
\caption{Summary of the PV performance parameters of the fabricated perovskite solar cell with the CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$ perovskite film annealed with the PbI$_2$ cap, TiO$_2$ cap, or without cap.}
\label{table_S1}
\begin{tabular}{lcccc}
\hline
Sample & J$_{sc}$(mA/cm$^2$) & V$_{oc}$(V) & FF & PCE(\%) \\
\hline
With PbI$_2$ cap & 23.41 & 1.07 & 0.70 & 17.57 \\
Without cap & 22.62 & 1.05 & 0.60 & 14.19 \\
With TiO$_2$ cap & 19.28 & 0.99 & 0.66 & 12.62 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
Risk assessment client: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry of the Environment, party proposing the importing of the species (at its own cost).

Risk assessment producer: It is essential for the Risk Assessment Research Unit to participate in these assessments. Specific expertise on species, establishment assessment expertise, impact assessment expertise and combating measures assessment expertise will be acquired from LYNET research institutions and other actors.

Risk assessment costs: About 6--36 person-months, species, depending on the extent of the risk assessment and available information.

\textbf{The duties of the risk assessment organisation include conducting risk assessments of the following kind, as commissioned:}

\subsection{Special risk assessments}

Special risk assessments may be commissioned to find out the risk to society not of an individual species but of an individual function. On the basis of the risk assessment, measures for efficiently reducing such a risk to society can be mandated or recommended for that function.

Special risk assessments may address for instance:

\begin{itemize}
\item comprehensive risk assessment on any individual pathway (e.g. wood chips, planting seeds, ballast water, wood packaging material),
\item risk assessments on individual companies or types of companies (e.g. seedling orchards, pet shops, shipping lines),
\item assessment of control measures to explore the costs and benefits of each, or
\item risk assessments related to the Ballast Water Convention.
\end{itemize}

Risk assessment client: The administrative sector or ministry responsible for risk assessment or likely to suffer from the risk; any other party (at its own cost).

Risk assessment producer: In most cases it is essential for the Risk Assessment Research Unit to participate in these assessments. Other expertise will be obtained from LYNET research institutions and other actors.

Risk assessment costs: About 0.1 to 36 person-months per species, depending on the extent and purpose of the risk assessment and the amount of information available.

\subsection{New and transferred resources for risk assessment measures}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{llll}
Measure & New resources & Transferred resources & Note \\
Evaluative screening & x & x & Mainly involves leveraging existing knowledge, but some combining of information is required and hence some new resources. \\
Prioritisation model development and initial prioritisation &  & x & If implemented as a research project on project funding. \\
Application of the prioritisation model after the initial stage & x &  & Estimated at 0.1 to 0.2 person-months per species. \\
Strengthening the Risk Assessment Research Unit at Evira with invasive alien species expertise and plant expertise & x &  & 2 person-years per year. \\
Risk assessments & x & x & New resources if conducted on dedicated funding. May be transferred resources if e.g. project funding is used. In some cases, a risk assessment may be commissioned and paid for by a private party. \\
\end{tabular}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
Item & Quantity & Part Number & Description \\
1 & 1 & 31279 & BLADE HOLDER WELDMENT \\
 &  & 40380 & BLADE HOLDER FIXED PIN \\
2 & 2 & 80569 & WASHER \\
3 & 1 & 80124 & HEX HEAD BOLT \\
4 & 1 & 80090 & HEX HEAD BOLT \\
5 & 1 & 80555 & WASHER \\
6 & 1 & 115057 & BUSHING \\
7 & 1 & 15459 & SWIVEL BUSHING \\
8 & 3 & 80680 & STRAIGHT GREASE FITTING \\
9 & 1 & 12232 & SWING CYLINDER (SEE SECTION 7 FOR ASSEMBLY BREAKDOWN) \\
10 & 2 & 15181 & BUSHING \\
11 & 1 & 12982 & PIN ASSEMBLY \\
12 & 1 & 80121 & HEX HEAD BOLT \\
13 & 1 & 14811 & SPACER BAR \\
14 & 2 & 80660 & COTTER PIN \\
15 & 1 & 80544 & CASTLE NUT \\
16 & 2 & 114862 & BUSHING \\
17 & 2 & 80567 & WASHER \\
18 & 2 & 80070 & HEX HEAD BOLT \\
19 & 2 & 12977 & PIN ASSEMBLY \\
20 & 1 & 80506 & NUT \\
21 & 2 & 12981 & SWIVEL BUSHING \\
22 & 1 & 10493 & PIN ASSEMBLY \\
23 & 1 & 10710 & PIN ASSEMBLY \\
24 & 1 & 12910 & LIFT CYLINDER (SEE SECTION 8 FOR ASSEMBLY BREAKDOWN) \\
25 & 1 & 13175 & GUARD \\
26 & 1 & 12963 & PIN ASSEMBLY \\
27 & 1 & VARIOUS & BLADE \\
28 & 4 & 80564 & LOCK WASHER \\
29 & 2 & 80014 & HEX HEAD BOLT \\
30 & 1 & 13161 & DOUBLE LOCK VALVE \\
31 & 2 & 80020 & HEX HEAD BOLT \\
32 & 1 & 81544 & CASTLE NUT \\
\end{tabular}
\section{REALTOR® Price Expectations}

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_1.pdf}
\caption{REALTOR® Price Expectations for the Next 12 Months (U.S. Average in Blue Dashed Line)}
\label{figure_1}
\end{figure}

Source: NAR

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lcc}
REALTOR® Price Expectations & Florida & U.S. \\
2022 - Mar & 3.9\% & 3.6\% \\
Prior 12 months & 1.4\% & 2.2\% \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{REALTOR® Price Expectations}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}

REALTORS® expect higher price growth in Florida than in the U.S. in the next 12 months. Their price expectations are also higher than a year ago.
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{p{0.25\textwidth} p{0.7\textwidth}}
\textbf{Option} & \textbf{Description} \\
\textbf{Accessibility Mode} & Turning on the Accessibility mode enables the accessibility features if you use only the keyboard to interact with BI Publisher. When Accessibility Mode is enabled,
\begin{itemize}
\item The tables on the user interface pages display options to enable multi-row selection and subsequent action.
\item The assistive technology provides access to menus.
\item Skip to content is enabled.
\end{itemize}
When tabbing into the main page of the application, the first item you tab to is a special field that states \textit{Skip to content}. When you press the Enter key with focus on an item, the focus skips over the header links to the main body of the page. For example, if you are on the Home page and you tab to \textit{Skip to content}, and then press Enter, the cursor advances to the Create region with the focus on Report. The focus skips over Search, Help, Sign Out, and other links in the global header.

The create report process flow limits the options to make the selection of a data model as the first step in the process.

The Administration link is not displayed. \\
\textbf{Email Addresses} & This field is reserved for future use and is not functional in this release. \\
\end{tabular}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}

\section{Changing Your Password}
Use the Password tab to change your password.

If your account password settings are inherited from another application, then you cannot update your password here.

To change your password:

\begin{enumerate}
\item Navigate to the My Account dialog from the global header.
\item Click the Password to change your password.
\end{enumerate}

\section{About the Home Page}
The Home page provides an intuitive, task-based window for the BI Publisher functions.

The Home page consists of the following sections:

\begin{itemize}
\item Create
\item Jobs or Browse/Manage
\item Download BI Publisher Desktop Tools
\end{itemize}
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{Citizen Participation Outreach}
\label{table_4}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|p{5cm}|p{6cm}|p{4cm}|l|}
\hline
Mode & Target & Summary of response/attendance & Summary of Comments & Summary of Comments not accepted and reasons & URL (If applicable) \\
\hline
North Highline Unincorp. Council & North Highline and White Center & The North Highline Unincorporated Council (NHUC) invited King County HCD staff members to introduce draft portions of the Consolidated Plan at their October 4, 2014 meeting. A total of 15 board and community members signed in and there were several more participants in the meeting room. & There were a range of comments and opinions expressed at the meeting. Community members stated a concern that there is a high concentration of poverty in the White Center neighborhood and a desire for a community with more of a mix of incomes. Two families mentioned they purchased their first home at Greenbridge and want to make sure the neighborhood remains well maintained. One person identified a need for sidewalks and pedestrian access. Another resident stated that the NHUC does not want a Neighborhood Revitalization and Stabilization Area (NRSA) in White Center. & None & N/A \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\section{Opening}

\subsection{Approval of Minutes}
November 16, 2009 meeting minutes approved.

\subsection{Announcements}
\begin{itemize}
\item Dr. Kman new Clerkship Director for DOC-1.
\item Dr. Khandelwal new Assoc Director of Med 3-4.
\item Faculty Development brochure "Teaching for Optimal Patient Care with Electronic Medical Records" printed and available for distribution to dept faculty.
\end{itemize}

\section{Business}

\subsection{CAPS Presentation}
The Clinical Assessment and Problem Solving (CAPS) program representatives gave an overview of their current Med 1-2 curriculum (handout). They listed some suggestions for how CAPS could function in the 3rd and 4th years, and opened the floor for discussion.

CAPS will take information gathered and discuss at future APC meetings. They will return February or March to the Med 3-4 APC meeting to propose ideas.
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{The effect of different control treatments on some growth parameters of two \textit{Tagetes} varieties grown in infested soil 90 days after transplanting, under greenhouse conditions.}
\label{table_10}
\begin{tabular}{l l c c c c c c c c c}
\hline
Tagetes spp. & Treatments & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\textit{F. oxysporum}} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\textit{F. solani}} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\textit{R. solani}} \\
 &  & Plant height (cm) & Fresh weight (g) & Dry weight (g) & Plant height (cm) & Fresh weight (g) & Dry weight (g) & Plant height (cm) & Fresh weight (g) & Dry weight (g) \\
\hline
\multirow{8}{*}{\textit{Tagetes minuta}} & Bio-Cure B & 60 & 400 & 130.3 & 55 & 380 & 125.6 & 50 & 360 & 115.8 \\
 & Bio-Cure F & 70 & 460 & 151.2 & 66 & 450 & 149.4 & 60 & 455 & 153.6 \\
 & Rhizo-N & 76 & 500 & 163.4 & 73 & 470 & 155.5 & 70 & 460 & 156.6 \\
 & Topsin-M 70 & 82 & 550 & 182.7 & 80 & 540 & 179.9 & 77 & 530 & 175.7 \\
 & Vitavax 200 & 90 & 600 & 199.5 & 86 & 590 & 190.5 & 80 & 580 & 190.8 \\
 & Wood vinegar & 80 & 520 & 172.9 & 75 & 511 & 171.5 & 70 & 500 & 167.8 \\
 & Control & 30 & 200 & 65.8 & 33 & 210 & 70.6 & 35 & 220 & 70.6 \\
 & Mean & 69.7 & 461.4 & 152.2 & 66.5 & 450.1 & 149 & 63.1 & 443.6 & 147.3 \\
\hline
\multirow{8}{*}{\textit{Tagetes erecta}} & Bio-Cure B & 65 & 430 & 135.7 & 59 & 395 & 130.7 & 54 & 366 & 122 \\
 & Bio-Cure F & 73 & 470 & 155.8 & 71 & 460 & 155.5 & 63 & 462 & 164.7 \\
 & Rhizo-N & 80 & 520 & 166.7 & 75 & 485 & 166.4 & 75 & 473 & 173 \\
 & Topsin-M 70 & 85 & 565 & 185.5 & 83 & 455 & 185.4 & 81 & 540 & 183 \\
 & Vitavax 200 & 94 & 610 & 210 & 91 & 610 & 196.2 & 86 & 595 & 196.6 \\
 & Wood vinegar & 83 & 532 & 178.6 & 82 & 520 & 175.6 & 75 & 509 & 177 \\
 & Control & 31 & 205 & 65.0 & 32 & 200 & 71 & 34 & 210 & 71.4 \\
 & Mean & 73 & 476 & 156.7 & 70.4 & 446.4 & 154.4 & 66.8 & 450.7 & 155.4 \\
\hline
\multicolumn{11}{l}{L.S.D. at 5\%: Treatments (T) = 2.30, Varieties (V) = 0.50, Fungi (F) = 3.30, T$\times$V = 4.40, T$\times$F = 5.60, V$\times$F = 5.20, T$\times$V$\times$F = 6.40}
\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\subsection{Chamaesyce vermiculata (Raf.) House\\Wormseed Sandmat; euphorbe vermicul\'ee}

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_1.pdf}
\caption{Chamaesyce vermiculata. Photo by Sean Blaney.}
\label{figure_1}
\end{figure}

Sprawling from a basal rosette, this species bears ovate leaves with finely serrate margins. Stems may be armed with sparse straight pubescence. Ovary and fruit are glabrous.

Flowers from July until frost.

Associated with rail lines.

Yarmouth County, northeastward to the Northumberland Strait.

NS to ON and MI, south to IL and VA; AZ and NM. Introduced to NS.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_2.pdf}
\caption{Distribution of \textit{Chamaesyce vermiculata}.}
\label{figure_2}
\end{figure}

\section{Euphorbia L.}

spurges

These species are cosmopolitan, totalling 1500 species. As with \textit{Chamaesyce}, they are typified by the very small unisexual flowers. Each pistillate flower bears a single pistil and is surrounded by several staminate flowers, each with a single stamen. All flowers are inserted into a lobed and glandular involucre forming a cyathium, functionally imitating a single flower --- a character unique to this family. Ovary has three locules, ovules and styles. Schizocarp is three-lobed. Plants contain a very bitter latex.

Key to species

A. Glands of the involucre ovate, elliptic or nearly round in cross-section. \textit{Euphorbia helioscopia}

aa. Glands kidney-shaped or crescent-shaped, concave side outside.

B. Rays of the cyathium 3--5; annual.

C. Seeds pitted; tubercles absent. \textit{E. peplus}

cc. Seeds smooth; tubercles present. \textit{E. exigua}