\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{Study Findings}
\label{table_2}
\begin{tabular}{lccccc}
\hline
Characteristics & Experimental 1 (n = 50) & Control 1 (n = 50) & p-value & Experimental 2 (n = 50) & Control 2 (n = 38) & p-value \\
\hline
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Antenatal and childbirth care} \\
Any antenatal care & 33 & 49 & $<$.001 & 47 & 18 & $<$.001 \\
Received tetanus immunization $\geq$2 times during last pregnancy$^{a}$ & 33 & 50 & .001 & 47 & 29 & .379 \\
Skilled attendant at last birth & 20 & 45 & $<$.001 & 8 & 12 & .084 \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Knowledge of danger signs during the perinatal period} \\
Number of danger signs recalled, 27 items (SD) & 7.90 (3.07) & 4.70 (1.88) & $<$.001 & 13.92 (3.88) & 4.37 (2.62) & $<$.001 \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Contraception} \\
Number of modern methods$^{b}$ recalled (SD) & 4.06 (1.37) & 2.82 (1.08) & $<$.001 & 5.16 (1.00) & 2.00 (0.77) & $<$.001 \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{First aid$^{c}$} \\
Acceptable treatment answered$^{d}$ & 45 & 7 & $<$.001 & 33 & 5 & $<$.001 \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Health behaviors} \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Care for sick $<$5-year-old child} \\
Has your child had a fever during the last 2 weeks? & 5 & 17 & .004 & 4 & 9 & .066 \\
Did you seek advice or treatment for the illness outside of your home? & 1 & 13 & .039 & 0 & 9 & .001 \\
Has your child had a cough or difficulty breathing during the last 2 weeks? & 11 & 20 & .052 & 4 & 9 & .066 \\
Did you seek advice or treatment for the illness outside of your home? & 3 & 2 & 1.000 & 1 & 3 & .400 \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Sanitation} \\
What was done to dispose of the stool? & & & & & \\
\quad Appropriate method$^{e}$ & 26 & 22 & .106 & 21 & 4 & .002 \\
\quad Inappropriate method$^{f}$ & 3 & 9 &  & 13 & 17 &  \\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{Number of correct precautions against malaria recalled (eight items)} \\
Mean (SD) & 2.64 (0.985) & 1.28 (0.784) & $<$.001 & 2.72 (1.011) & 0.58 (0.522) & $<$.001 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

Notes. SD = standard deviation.

$^{a}$Received tetanus immunization $\geq$2 times during last pregnancy: the purpose of giving the vaccine to pregnant women is to protect them from tetanus and to protect their newborn infants against neonatal tetanus.

$^{b}$Modern methods: pills, hormonal injections that prevent pregnancy for 3 months (Depo-Provera), condoms, intrauterine device, sterilization.

$^{c}$First aid: for injuries that were sustained during agricultural work.

$^{d}$Acceptable treatment: wash the wound; seek care of midwife or women’s health voluntary group.

$^{e}$Appropriate method: flushed in a latrine.

$^{f}$Inappropriate method: left in the open, thrown into garbage.

treatment (applying dirt and saliva, tomato, salt, or AJINOMOTO [monosodium glutamate]) for injuries that were sustained during agricultural work. The experimental villages had a significantly higher proportion of participants who answered that they received acceptable first aid treatment (E1–C1: $\chi^2$ = 57.85, p $<$ .001; E2–C2: $\chi^2$ = 24.57, p $<$ .001).

\subsection{Health behaviors: Care for sick $\leq$5-year-old children}
Compared to E1, significantly more children in C1 had experienced a fever during the 2-week period before questioning ($\chi^2$ = 4.22, p = .004), and significantly more children in C1 were treated during their illness ($\chi^2$ = 5.29, p = .04). Although the frequency of children with fever in C2 was higher than that in E2, there were