chengyewang/TexOCR-eval huggingface dataset:
May be simply either allied reform. Especially the \& fully convinced by my observations and particular friends in London \& England, viz. I met one Lord during the last summer. During my two months in England I had my eyes open as well as I am determined in life. One Lord holds minutes to his position as enabling to keep himself in a ``central position'' \& would certainly have come to my funeral. On which side and to an extent my feelings must ``back her'' influential quarters.

Hands of our servants. Other sorts of emigrants to very limited \& many thousands are eager and we must make land allowances. Opposite with much living in the capital of Chile during many last years, but knew about Chile \& have not comprised themselves in observing the state of Chile. Have known one for many years, formerly held large business transactions with him. I always valued his probity \& should his time. He will compel any of us as friends to the 90 limits or making you a constitution which you want at the
Hon Joseph Holt \\
St Louis \\

Dear Sir

Enclosing please find our receipt for Eight Dollars and Ten Cents with Postage Stamps amounting to One Dollar and Ninety Cents to balance your acc. With thanks for your promptness --- We are

Yours truly \\
Hegan \& Scott

Danville \\
10 Jan'y '62
Hon Joseph Holt

My Dear Sir – I am grateful that you did not speak less unkindly of me in Washington. I have been admonished of my fault; it has ceased, and will not be repeated.

With high regard I am your Ob St.

Jeffn Allen
Dear Sir,

My rent due 19th Dec has not been paid and as the amount $15.00, is a matter now of vital importance, I must trouble you, if not inconvenient, in your further duties, to inform me whether Palmer Beard \& Harker have any claims agst governt Life so when same may be paid; Mr Mallin informs me that he would pay out of the money as soon as recd. After my labor \& sacrifice to secure a niche income for my family during war times, it will be exceedingly hard to lose this debt. My deep anxiety in regard to this, alone my last resource, will excuse this trouble.

I offer my office as you were previously from when cost.

Very truly Sir,

A. R. Bernard
Sir:

A friend informs me that a few weeks since he addressed a letter to me at Louisville, Ky, supposing me to be there. If received it has probably been advertised. Please forward it to me here & oblige very respectfully your obt. Servt

Wm. L. Kelly
This despatch, and will be deeply grateful to you, if you will kindly advise me what best under the circumstances. It is my ardent desire to assist the loyalists as far as possible, and give my services to the Government for the suppression of the rebellion, and express to you personally the feelings which from kindness of our citizens in my welfare have inspired in my heart.

On the receipt of the telegraphic news today that our difficulties with England were pacifically arranged I paid a visit to S.S. The ship ``Pelican'' in our harbour and had the happiness to see our glorious flag saluted by the British man of war, which a few weeks before was ready to declare itself our deadly enemy. Oh! how my heart will rejoice when we shall again be a united people, and although the alienation of the Northern and the old world by our expanding greatness and glory, instead of painful criticism upon our national kindness at home and abroad. I write to you but hurriedly at length, and have only time now to add the warmest assurances of esteem and affection from my father and mother.

I am ever with devoted feelings of friendship

Yours most sincerely,

L. Judson Barclay
Boston, Jany. 18th. '62\\

My dear Sir,\\

After presenting to you my best respects, I beg to say that I have mailed to your address a copy of a letter to Hon. Peter Cooper, of New York, on the subject of the Union. I was advised to publish this letter by some of our leading men here, who saw the manuscript, so that it might be distributed to strengthen the Union sentiment. I shall be glad to know your views of its merit; so that it may be made known \& scattered if calculated to do good.\\

I remain, with great respect,\\
Yours very truly,\\
Halimun Capen\\

Hon We Jos. Holt,\\
Washington,\\
D.C.
``Roosevelt got all his ideas from Bryan.''

The tariff legislation is of course as honest as such things usually are, but it is theoretical, and is causing a vast amount of unrest and a corresponding slump in business. The banking legislation is apparently pleasing.

An intense agitation is sweeping over the country on matters which are by some deemed religious and by others, political. The activities of the Knights of Columbus, and the improved public ideals about city government have centered men's attention on the Catholic church and its efforts for Catholic schools. In this matter the Administration is at outs with the Protestant sentiment of the country and doesn't seem to have sense or goodness enough to get right.

If the president could open his mouth and ``cuss 'em out like Teddy,'' or would stop his secret system of conducti
\title{Keeping Sabbath}

\section{}
A pious man desires to comply with what he believes to be the will of God, and that conformity for his own safety; he revolts from imposing others to conform to his own opinions. Such compulsion is an offence which I hope it may be considered the offence of persecution. God has given man no authority to coerce one another to religious precepts.

Religion is a thing between a man and his maker. Surely it is the voluntary offering of the heart and not a cold repetition of words which cannot be acceptable to God. If a man does not believe that religion is right it is quite unnecessary to abstain from labour on the sabbath; he will submit with reluctance and view this as an imposition. Then will he go quietly on his path, nor will it advance the piety of others.

1 There can be no more justice or toleration in this case than there would be in enforcing uniformity of doctrine upon the Protestants, or arbitrary power at the discretion of men; but as in enforcing the Mahometans upon Christians to worship Mahomet.

2 There is no one precept in the New Testament commanding us to keep a sabbath. If we are bound to keep one, it is in consequence of the Mosaic law.

The language of the 4th commandment is "The seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord"; but the Christians keep the first day, not the seventh.

3 There is not a single word either in the Old or New Testament, nor even an allusion relating to the substitution of the first day for the seventh. The subject is not mentioned in any of the discourses of Christ nor in any of the epistles of his apostles.
On the whole it is certain if Christians are bound to keep a sabbath it is in consequence of no fourth commandment of the seventh day and not the first—Saturday and not Sunday—our law then setting apart the 1st instead of the 7th the rest added to the Christian law and imposes a restraint upon Christian liberty.

The primitive Christians did not observe any sabbath till the reign of Constantine A.D. 300, to meet together on the first day of the week for religious worship in the morning and evening and to pursue their usual occupations during the rest of the week. The works of Justin Martyr, a very distinguished Christian advocate who wrote about the year 150, throws much light on this subject. It is a dialogue between a learned Jew and a Christian. The Jew reproaches the Christians because they set observe no sabbath but are in this respect like the Pagans. Justin makes the Christian admit and justify it. He had been at the Jewish sabbath on a day of meeting and Justin states that ``Sabbaths and sacrifices and oblations began from Moses on account of the hardness of your hearts. They were to end in Christ.'' Again continuing his argument against the observance of a sabbath he says, Do you not see that the elements are never idle nor keep a sabbath? Justin thus admits that the Christians did not keep a sabbath and insists that they were no more bound to do it than to conform to any other Jewish rite which had been abrogated by the Christian dispensation.

The first day of the week was not observed as a sabbath until A.D. 300 under Constantine when Christianity had become the religion of the state. An edict then went forth commanding, ``all the Judges and town people and the occupation of all trades to rest on the venerable day of the sun (dies solis). But let those who are situated in the country freely and at full liberty attend to the business of agriculture because it often happens that no other day is so fit for sowing corn and planting vines.'' It was not long afterwards that the increasing power of the church in the state was enabled to enact the observance more generally.

On the whole it is no part of the Christian duty to keep a sabbath day. If any day is to be thus allowed it is the 7th. It is an innocent usage. Let those who wish it continue to observe it but do not compel others to do it. It has sprung from a false construction since the union between church and state and has its origin in the same sources with all the other popular institutions of Christianity, which have overwhelmed and buried the simplicity of our religion under a flood of idolatrous ceremonies.
\title{Crusades}

\section{Crusades}
I must write a composition on the crusades---showing the design with which they were undertaken, the years with which are the christian princes engaged in them \& the good effect it produced in Europe by bringing the military art to perfection, polishing the manners of the people \& destroying a great measure the feudal system. The last was one of the greatest blessings it conferred upon the civilized world.

The historical facts of these crusades may be found in an abridged form in Lyttler's History.
'Twas such a night as this: There was not a breath of air to ruffle the smooth surface of the calm Adriatic: naught was heard save the distant tinkling of the solitary sheep bell & the low barking of the honest watchdog. He stood beside a tomb; so deep lay rent his bosom, & even of amour as he cast his tranquil languid eye to the pale, chaste moon; however he exclaimed: "Oh! how fit what a night — for catching crows!"
94. What is method?\\
A. The dispose or arrangement of our thoughts in such a manner that their connexions \& dependence may be clearly seen.\\

95. How is method divided?\\
A. Into the analytic \& synthetic.\\

96. What is the analytic method?\\
A. It is the tracing things back to their source \& resolving knowledge into its first \& original principles.\\

97. What is the synthetic method?\\
A. The deducing of truths from first principles and connecting them according to their dependence.\\

98. What are these methods otherwise called?\\
A. The methods of resolution \& composition or the methods of invention \& science.\\

99. What are the preparatory qualities to invention?\\
A. Attention, a comprehensive understanding, \& a judicious choice of intermediate ideas.\\

100. To what branch of knowledge does science belong?\\
A. To that only which is derived from the contemplation of our ideas.\\

101. Is our knowledge of the real existence of bodies intuitive?\\
A. No.
1. What is Logick?

A. The art of directing the operations of the human mind in acquiring knowledge, or the science which explains them.

2. Into how many parts is it divided?

A. Into four.

3. Of what do they treat?

A. The first treats of simple apprehension, the second of judgement, the third of reasoning, and the fourth of method.

4. What is simple apprehension?

A. It is the attention of the mind to the impressions made upon it by surrounding objects.

5. What is consciousness?

A. It is the attention of the mind to its own operations.

6. What are the sources from which all our ideas are derived?

A. Sensation and reflection.

7. What ideas do we get from sensation?

A. Our ideas of heat, cold, colour, \&c.

8. What ideas do we get from reflection?

A. Our ideas of thinking, willing, believing, \&c.

9. How are our ideas divided?

A. Into simple and complex.

10. What is a simple idea?

A. It is an original impression existing in the mind under one uniform appearance without variety or composition.

11. Give an instance of a simple idea of sensation and also of reflection.

A. The idea we have of colour is a simple idea of sensation, and the idea we have of willing is a simple idea of reflection.
12. In what way do simple ideas find admission into the mind?

A. By the proper inlets of nature only.

13. What is a complex idea?

A. It is an idea of a complex object, or it is an idea formed by the combination of simple ideas.

14. How are complex ideas divided?

A. Into those of real existence and those formed by the mind.

15. Give an instance of a complex idea of real existence and also of one formed by the mind.

A. The idea we have of any substance is a complex idea of real existence, and the idea we have of a house more than four square is a complex idea formed by the mind.

16. What is a substance?

A. It is something that subsists of itself and is the subject of modes or qualities.

17. How are modes or qualities divided?

A. Into essential and accidental.

18. What is an essential mode?

A. It is some quality belonging to a body which is absolutely necessary to constitute it what it is; roundness is an essential mode of a ball.

19. What is an accidental mode?

A. It is some quality of a body which does not necessarily belong to it; whiteness of a wall is an accidental mode of a body.

20. What is meant by the forms of the categories?

A. Nothing more than their internal structure and constitution.

21. What are the foundations of the different species of corporeal substances?

45. What is meant by the predicate?

A. The attribute or quality affirmed of the subject.

46. What is the copula?

A. The word or term serving to connect the subject and predicate.

47. What is the first division of propositions?

A. Into affirmative and negative.

48. What is meant by an affirmative and what by a negative proposition?

A. An affirmative proposition is that in which the subject and predicate are connected; a negative that in which they are disjoined.

49. When does the negative particle disjoin the subject from the predicate?

A. Whenever it affects the copula.

50. What is the next division of propositions?

A. Into universal and particular.

51. What is meant by a universal proposition?

A. It is a proposition where the subject is some general term and the predicate which is affirmed of it is affirmed without restriction, or affirmed of every individual contained under it.

52. What is meant by a particular proposition?

A. A proposition where the subject is some general term but attended with a mark of limitation showing that the predicate affirmed is restricted to a part only of the individuals contained under the universal term.

53. What is the celebrated fourfold division of propositions?

A. Into universal affirmative, universal negative, particular affirmative, and particular negative.

54. What is the 3d division of propositions?

A. Into absolute and conditional.

55. What is an absolute proposition?

A. That wherein we affirm some property inseparable from the idea of the subject; as God is omnipotent.
public affairs, he would stand much better.

You have educated us to expect the president to talk, and he who falls short of your measure, will be a public disappointment.

Then the president ought to say a wise word to allay the Protestant ill-feeling and at the same time let Rome know her place in such a way as would prevent offence being taken and he would immensely please again. He is a Protestant, and can not be expected to attend Catholic ceremonials and lend himself to even the appearance of intrigue.

All together the public wants you, and is looking to you to say something to check the orgy of "Peace" going on in Washington. Think of \$25,000,000
Six hours through five successive days. There was no respite.

The succeeding week commenced the actual term. We had asked the appointment of one man among the many teachers, on to whose shoulders could be shifted the heaviest burdens, if desired.

I commenced on Monday with a hoarse, tired voice, something I had never known. In spite of all palliatives, utterance grew weaker and more difficult, and finally ceased. The other teachers, and my own splendid pupils came tenderly to my aid relieving me of every duty possible to be done. To assure the proper arrangements and management of the school in its beginning, I hopefully remained for some weeks at my voiceless post, but it was a vain effort. I began to realise that the weakening was not entirely confined to the voice. The labors of the past months had not been a pastime for either myself or my invaluable helpmeet, and in the midst of protests, loyal and loving, our resignations were given. We could scarcely say they were accepted.

I have selected one letter from among my Grand Aunts papers to show with what affection and joy she looks back on the old school days in Bordentown.

I have searched through the earliest diaries we have and find this little entry on the fly leaf:-

Oct. 13/51 Left home for Inn. (Hightstown)

Oct. 23 Thursday. Commenced school. Attended a weekly at Eve. E. Lillie in the evening.

And in the back of the same little diary I find

May 27/52. Arrived in Bordentown.

Immediately following this little entry is a list of ``Poets from Chaucer to the present day,'' which fill up some ten or twelve pages of the little book.
Dear Mr. Osmond:-

It would surely carry you back many years if I were to say "My dear pupil", still it would be true, and I want to return you my thanks at once for remembering that you were my pupil, and the dear old days of the school, that really meant so much, for they have lived until today, and never in any way has it passed out of the minds, I think, of any pupil I was permitted to have. Their life-long loyal allegiance to me is beyond comprehension. Little, as many of them were, triflings as the days must have seemed, it is a most remarkable thing that all have remembered those few months and cherished them with a loyalty that the most ambitious teacher could out prize. Scarcely a month passes that someone does not reveal him or herself to me, scattered over the whole country, until there are times when I feel that I should like to gather them all together once more and sit among them and the memory of the old child days.

I am glad that you told me of your home and surroundings, glad that they are so peaceful and that the sunset of life, coming to us all, brings as sorry lights as it does, and let us pray that, in its soft reflections, we may one day go out to that better land where the hues are always bright and, we trust, the paths easy.

I shall be glad to hear from you at any time. Thanking you for your kind remembrance, I remain, dear Mr. Osmond.

Faithfully yours,

Clara Barton.

My dear Sir:

I was very much interested in your letter of April 11. Contributions to the Clara Barton fund should be sent to me. I will send you a receipt.

Will you please tell whether or not you are a relative of Miss Barton?

I am,

Very truly yours

C. N. Kendall

Commissioner of Education
\title{Education Bulletin}

\section{Contents}
Clara Barton—Teacher in New Jersey \dotfill 67

Visit-the-Schools Week \dotfill 69

Campaign for Betterment of Schools \dotfill 71

The Task, the Teacher and the Pay \dotfill 73

War Work of Hamilton School at Harrison \dotfill 74

A Problem at Ventnor City \dotfill 75

The New Continuation School Law \dotfill 76

How a County Superintendent Secured Consolidation of Schools \dotfill 78

Extract from Helping Teacher Report \dotfill 79

Elizabeth A. Allen Memorial Fund \dotfill 79

School Lunches at Leonardo \dotfill 80

Physical Training Creed \dotfill 80
Dear Sir:-

I am a Democrat, and have voted the straight Democratic ticket for more that 45 years, or from Greeley to Wilson, but it is my deliberate judgment that you will be the next man, if you keep your health, to be elected President of the United States. It is in the air, and he who runs can see, hear and feel it. I attended the meeting of Judge Lindsey and the Colorado women last night at the Armory on G street in this city. The meeting was an exceedingly large and enthusiastic one and ran from 8 P.M. until midnight. But one thing struck me particularly, and that was the way the mention of your name in connection with your settlement, and the way it was done of the Pennsylvania coal strike, was received. The speaker had referred in complimentary terms to President Wilson, but expressed a doubt as to whether or not he possessed the necessary amount of nerve and red blood to handle the Colorado strike situation, and then said that if you were President it would be settled and settled quickly and satisfactorily. At this point in his speech the crowd broke loose in the wildest cheers which lasted for fully a minute. It was not altogether a revelation to me, but it did show that your name was still the one great name to conjure with, and that the eyes of all the foes of Democracy were fixed upon you as the one man around which the opposition to the present administration of national affairs was rallying for the Presidential battle of 1916. I tell you this, for the reason that the papers of Washington do not mention it, but which was one of the most distinctive incidents of this really great meeting.
The country breathes easier. We are

\section{The Blue Anchor}
The timely enterprise of the Women's Relief Association in giving a donation party and promenade concert for the benefit of the victims of the Southern floods at Willard Hall to-morrow evening is sure to be successful. Many of the most popular and well known of our resident ladies, as well as members of the association from other States, are on the reception committee. Mrs. Waite, Mrs. Miller, Mrs. Mathews, Mrs. Rodgers, Mrs. Windom, Mrs. Hunt, Mrs. Jones, Mrs. Van Voorhees, Mrs. Pound, Mrs. J. B. Lamon, Mrs. Tullock, Mrs. Bayles Brown, Mrs. Dr. J. H. Brown, Mrs. Henry A. Willard, and Mrs. Metcalf are among the number.
The Women's National Relief Association—President Mrs. Chief Justice Waite, of Washington—is doing a work worthy the active interest of all women. Its annual report says: Eighteen months ago it undertook first to supplement government work in the life saving service by providing the stations with bedding, clothes, medicine and proper diet for the shipwrecked and suffering crews and passengers rescued from death. Seventy stations have been so supplied. The Michigan sufferers next received systematic and efficient aid through this organization. Then it undertook to furnish the marine hospitals with supplies not provided by Government, such as libraries, clothing for indigent sailors. The association is now occupied with collecting and distributing relief for the sufferers by the Mississippi floods.

The main object of the association is to organize the benevolent women of the nation into an intelligent, harmonious working body which, in the event of any great disaster from war, famine, flood, fire, pestilence, or any other cause, shall be ready to bring at once a vast effective machinery of relief to bear upon it. The association has its headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is proposed that there shall be auxiliary societies in every State, of which several are formed and in active operation. Any person can become a member by the annual payment of $5.00. Women who desire to form State auxiliary societies should apply for information to Mrs. Hannah M. E. Ketcham, No. 616 Third Street N.W., Washington, D.C.