chengyewang/TexOCR-eval huggingface dataset:
ferrite phases were distinct. It is however possible to clearly separate the content of phases in the tested composites. This suggests that the incorporation of nano particles in the crystal structure of iron changes its network parameters \cite{22}. Fig. \ref{figure_3} shows a homogeneous distribution of TiN in the steel matrix with a general tendency of the reinforcing TiN phase to locate itself at the vicinity of grain boundaries in the matrix.

Microstructural examinations from previous studies have shown that the favored sites for the formation of phases are grain boundaries and the reinforcement/matrix interface \cite{27}. The phase of iron nitride formed in the XRD result (Fig. \ref{figure_2}) is obviously due to the diffusion of iron and nitride at the grain boundary as indicated in the EDS result (Fig. \ref{figure_3}). It is worthy to state that during the SPS process, non-equilibrium conditions exists in the material, which has a significant influence on diffusion and the reactions taking place during sintering. The formation of FeN0.068 phase in the studied composites is as a result of intense phenomena taking place during SPS (surface activation, diffusion, surface melting, necking between the particles of sintered powder, and plastic flow \cite{28}). During sintering, mass transport increases and eventually results in

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_4.pdf}
\caption{Effect of sintering temperature variation on the densification and hardness of DSS 2205-5TiN.}
\label{figure_4}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\centering
\begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_5_1.pdf}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_5_2.pdf}
\end{subfigure}

\begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_5_3.pdf}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_5_4.pdf}
\end{subfigure}

\caption{Microstructures of composites with 5\% TiN sintered at (a) 1000, (b) 1100, (c) 1150 and (d) 1200~$^{\circ}$C.}
\label{figure_5}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_2.pdf}
\caption{Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves of the three threaded cups with loosening as the endpoint.}
\label{figure_2}
\end{figure}

able of 703 hips for full assessment. Signs of loosening of the cup were seen in 46 hips (6.5\%) and of migration in 60 hips (8.5\%) (Table III). Signs of definite loosening were present in 71 hips (10.1\%). Table IV shows the complication rate (surgical revision or loosening). The risk of loosening increased with time and increased rapidly after five years (Fig.~\ref{figure_2}). The gender, age and weight (Broca index) of the patients did not influence loosening.

Ectopic ossification (Fig.~\ref{figure_3}). Signs of heterotopic ossification were seen in 27\% of patients, but severe ossification was present in only four. There was no significant difference in heterotopic ossification between the different threaded cups (chi-squared test).

Clinical assessment (Tables V and VI). About 70\% of our patients had good or acceptable results as measured by the hip score. No significant difference was found in pain and ability to walk between patients with or without signs of loosening, except for pain in the MecA group.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_3.pdf}
\caption{Ectopic ossification as assessed by the Brooker score.}
\label{figure_3}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}
\centering
\caption{Hip score according to Merle d'Aubign\'e and Postel (maximum 12 points) in the three groups by percentage}
\label{table_5}
\begin{tabular}{lccc}
\hline
 & Poor ($<8$) & Middle (8 to 9) & Good ($>10$) \\
\hline
MecA & 25.4 & 15.5 & 59.1 \\
MecB & 35.1 & 15.3 & 49.5 \\
Weill & 24.6 & 16.4 & 59.0 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
\centering
\caption{Mean (sd) Merle d'Aubign\'e and Postel hip score related to loosening in all three groups}
\label{table_6}
\begin{tabular}{lccc}
\hline
 & Stable & Loose & p value \\
\hline
\multicolumn{4}{l}{Pain} \\
MecA & 4.86 (1.76) & 3.82 (2.5) & $<0.05$ \\
MecB & 4.31 (2.15) & 4.09 (2.21) & NS \\
Weill & 4.81 (1.91) & 4.71 (2.22) & NS \\
\multicolumn{4}{l}{Ability to walk} \\
MecA & 4.43 (1.43) & 3.78 (1.48) & 0.06 \\
MecB & 4.23 (1.50) & 3.56 (1.33) & NS \\
Weill & 4.05 (1.63) & 4.2 (1.48) & NS \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\section{DISCUSSION}

Aseptic loosening of endoprostheses presents a major challenge at revision, especially in cement removal and loss of bone stock. Cementless THAs were developed to overcome some of these problems, but worse results have been reported in comparison with `traditional' cemented endoprostheses \cite{2,3}. In our experience cementless fixation of the femoral component gives good middle-term results, but the acetabular component may produce problems \cite{4}.

The threaded fixation of the acetabular component gives good primary stability with only a small variation due to differences in design \cite{11}. The short-term results were encouraging \cite{12,13}, but in more recent studies with a maximum follow-up of seven years high rates of failure have been reported \cite{4,7,14,15}.
\section{6.5. Studying the interactions of Gp39 and Gp40}
As the \textit{in vivo} degradation assays showed no degradation for Gp39 and was somewhat inconclusive for Gp40, to try and gain some insight into how they appeared in the pull down assay with the ClpC DWB trap mutant we decided to investigate whether they were able to interact with Gp53 and/or ClpC using bacterial two-hybrid and bacterial three-hybrid assays.

\subsection{6.5.1. Bacterial two-hybrid assay of Gp39 and Gp40 with Gp53}
Firstly, Gp39 and Gp40 were cloned into the bacterial two-hybrid vector pUT18 to create fusions with the T18 domain of the adenylate cyclase. Once the vectors were created bacterial two-hybrid assays were set up to test whether these proteins interact with Gp53. Interestingly, as can be seen in Figure~\ref{fig:figure_6.8}, Gp40 significantly interacts with Gp53 but not quite to the extent that is seen with ClpC, perhaps indicating more of a weak interaction. Conversely, Gp39 showed no significant interaction with Gp53 (Figure~\ref{fig:figure_6.8}).
\title{Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages, Certificate}

\section{Requirements}

\subsection{Requirements for the Certificate}
15 credits of course work include:

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
Code & Title & Credits \\
\hline
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Foundation Courses} \\
ENGL 314 & Structure of English & 3 \\
ENGL 415 & Introduction to TESOL Methods & 3 \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Second Language Acquisition and Teaching Courses} \\
ENGL 318 & Second Language Acquisition & 3 \\
ENGL 515 & Techniques and Materials for TESOL & 3 \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Students must take 3 credits of TESOL Workshops.} \\
ENGL 613 & TESOL: Pedagogical Grammar I &  \\
ENGL 614 & TESOL: Pedagogical Grammar II &  \\
ENGL 615 & TESOL: Teaching Listening and Speaking &  \\
ENGL 616 & TESOL: Teaching of Reading &  \\
ENGL 617 & TESOL: Teaching of Writing &  \\
ENGL 618 & TESOL: Teaching Pronunciation &  \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Course requirements for the TESOL certificate}
\label{table_1}
\end{table}

Total Credits: 15

\subsection{Residence and Quality of Work}
\begin{itemize}
\item Minimum 3.000 GPA in all courses approved for the certificate
\item At least 8 certificate credits must be completed in residence
\end{itemize}

\section{Undergraduate/Special Student Certificates}
This certificate may be completed within the context of an undergraduate degree or as a Special student after an undergraduate degree has been awarded from any institution. The certificate may be completed in its entirety while enrolled as a Special student. Candidates are encouraged to contact the certificate coordinator to discuss course enrollment and the sequencing of certificate requirements.
NBC\\
CBS\\
Fox\\
CW\\
My9

\textbf{Step 2.} Log into the following airings report portal to confirm if your local TV stations are airing the PSAs.

\section{Tracking Reports}

To access reports for information on the airing of the new PSAs on U.S. and Canada stations use the following link:

http://reportcenter.c360m.com/

\textbf{Username:} AA2021 \\
\textbf{Password:} connect!

The Station Airing Detail reports, which shows where and how often the spots have ``aired'' (played), and the number of ``audience impressions'' (estimated number of people who viewed the spot) may be the most useful to local committees.

The list below explains the different kinds of reports available via the link above.

\subsection{TV Reports available}

\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Station Airing Detail} - provides monthly and cumulative placement values for each station in each market.

\item \textbf{Daypart Detail} - reports the placements for each station during the timeframes in which the PSAs aired.

\item \textbf{Executive Summary} - shows the performance of each spot, including airings, audience impressions, and media value. Provides an overview of market penetration, daypart results and demographic results.

\item \textbf{Demographic Detail} - outlines the audience reach among different age groups.

\item \textbf{Comparative Airings by Daypart} - shows the placements for each PSA version among stations, during the timeframes in which the PSAs aired.

\item \textbf{Comparative Airings by Station} - shows the number of airings for each PSA version among stations.
\end{itemize}
the Czech Republic today can be found in the Antidiscrimination Act (Act No. 198/2009 Coll.), and addresses discrimination in a range of areas which—in addition to labour issues and access to health care—explicitly include access to and the provision of education (Act No. 198/2009 Coll., Section 1).$^{5}$

In addition to legal regulations, a wide definition of sexual harassment is also used in university policies, which are often based on national legislation (e.g. Vienna University, and in the UK University College London and the London School of Economics) and on research definitions of sexual harassment (e.g. \cite{Gruber_1992,Hill_Silva_2005,Fitzgerald_1996}).

In my analysis, I draw on the aforementioned expert definitions of sexual harassment, which, although they are a construction, present relatively stable definitions of sexual harassment (i.e. they have been legalised and institutionalised in the Czech Republic, the EU, and a number of developed countries, and are repeatedly used in social research into sexual harassment). They build on the assumption that sexual harassment is unwanted behaviour which negatively impacts people’s well-being and human dignity. According to these definitions, sexual harassment does not include only obvious and explicit forms of sexual harassment but also a range of other, softer forms of unwanted conduct. I investigate to what extent these expert definitions are mirrored in students’ individual definitions, and explore the gap between the expert and individual definitions of sexual harassment in the Czech context. I ask how students define sexual harassment and, in line with other research studies on the role of various factors in the labelling of sexual harassment, what factors are related to one behaviour being labelled as sexual harassment and another not.

Most of the research studies conducted so far come from the Anglo-American cultural context, while this analysis offers a view of the specific Czech cultural environment, where the issue of sexual harassment in education surfaced only recently, the tradition of legally addressing sexual harassment is quite short, anti-

4 tion was deleted and was replaced with a reference to the Antidiscrimination Act, which was not, however, adopted until 2009. Thus, for three years, the Czech Republic did not have any provision to redress (not only) the issue of sexual harassment.

5 As in the European directive, Czech legislation distinguishes between harassment and sexual harassment and both forms are defined very widely with a reference to the intention of the perpetrator, the violation of human dignity, and the inclusion of quid pro quo and hostile environment forms:
(1) Harassment is understood as unwelcome behaviour
(a) the intention or consequence of which is denigration of human dignity of an individual and the creation of a threatening, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment or
(b) which can be justifiably perceived as a condition for a decision that can influence the exercise of rights and duties following from labour law relations.
(2) sexual harassment is understood as behaviour pursuant to Paragraph 1 which is sexual in nature.
others, al-Harawi in his \textit{Kitab al-maqamat}. He was followed by Ibn 'Arabi, Ibn Sab'in (d. 669/1271) and their pupils as well as Ibn al-Farid and Najm al-Din al-Isra'ili (d. 677/1208). To this group Ibn Khaldun uncompromisingly alleges them as being strongly influenced by the extremist neo-Ismaili Shi'a's idea of incarnation and the divinity of the imam. In addition, their idea of \textit{qutb} (pole) is quite closely corresponding to Shi'a's idea about their chiefs (\textit{nuqaba'}). According to Ibn Khaldun, many jurists and muftis rejected this idea.

It should also be noted here that, in trying to give a more clear picture on divine oneness, Ibn Khaldun has inserted a quotation from Abu Mahdi 'Isa b. al-Zayyat. This quotation includes some passage of al-Harawi's \textit{Maqamat} particularly on the theory of oneness.

\section{Sufism Assessed}

Ibn Khaldun recapitulates that the entire discussion of Sufism can be summarised in four main topics. The first topic covers \textit{mujahadat} (strives), \textit{adhwaq} (the tastes), \textit{muhasaba al-nafs} (self-scrutiny or self-examination) in order to obtain the mystical experience. The second topic is \textit{kashf} (revelment) and the perceivable spiritual realities (\textit{al-haqiqa al-mudraka min 'alam al-ghayb}) such as divine attributes, the throne and so on. The third topic is the activities in the various worlds and among the various created things (\textit{al-'awalim wa-il-akwan}) including the kinds of \textit{karamat} (divine grace). The fourth topic is \textit{shatahat} (ecstatic utterances), the expression that are suspect in their plain meaning (\textit{alfaz muhama al-zahir}).

Towards the end of the passage, Ibn Khaldun draws the attention of his reader about the right and true Sufi practice, as he himself believes. Again, he recalls his reader to observe the practice and the attitude of the early Sufis (\textit{salaf al-mutasawwifa}) as an ideal model. Those early Sufis have no desire to remove the veil, or to have such supernatural perception. Their main concern is to follow their models. They always turn away and pay no attention to supernatural perception. They always give priority to religious law (\textit{shari'a}), which is more certain than any mystical experience. They even forbade the prolonged discussion of those matters. Finally, Ibn Khaldun advises that this should be the belief, attitude and practice of all Sufi novices (\textit{murid}).
Line 353: isn’t "$D_{i,j}$" also squared? The function used in ulam() was "cov_GPL2" and not "cov_GPL1".

\section{Evaluation round \#2}
DOI or URL of the preprint: https://ecoevorxiv.org/rc8na/

Version of the preprint: 4

Author's Reply, None

Download author's reply

Decision by Matthieu Paquet, 07 Jun 2022

Dear Authors,

Your manuscript has been reviewed by one of the previous referees and based on their reviews and my reading, I am inviting you to revise it slightly according to their comments and suggestions.

You will find their reviews below. In addition, I also have some comments:

Line 41 "mediate". Although I appreciate that it is indeed a statistical "mediator", perhaps using a less causal terminology would be less ambiguous e.g. relationship between rank and reproductive success were conditional on life history?

Lines 46--49: I would suggest avoiding the use of the term "complex" here as it can be rather subjective and such complexity levels are not referred to nor defined in the main text.

Line 93: it sounds like all social mammals were included. Perhaps delete "all".

Line 292--299 Apologies for not suggesting it earlier on but could it be possible to provide the resulting consensus phylogenetic tree used in the study as a Figure, possibly with illustrations (animal characteristic shapes) for different taxa? It would provide the reader with a fast and intuitive assessment of the phylogenetic diversity and representativity of the dataset.

Line 306: not sure "estimated all models" is the best wording (they are rather built and fitted to the data, then parameters are estimated). I’d suggest merging with the following sentence e.g.: We fit meta-analytic multilevel mixed-effects models with moderators via linear models (function "rma.mv" in the package metafor; Viechtbauer 2010)...

Line 312: this sounds like the sampling variance was ignored when using the metafor package. Is that the case? It is also unclear in the text whether there is a difference in the way phylogeny was accounted for with the two approaches. See my main comment below based on previous reviews: a mathematical notation of the models (equations) would really help understanding what statistical models were built and whether they differ between the two approaches (beyond the existence of priors for the Bayesian approach). See e.g. \cite{Edwards_Auger-Methe_2018} for guidance (https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13105).
Her presentation notes that business as a noble enterprise finds a particular role in ``the creation of jobs as an essential part of its service to the common good.'' Today more people are presently employed in solar energy production and service than in the fossil fuel industry. Hence, the sense of business transition and economic transformation has already begun significantly with particular reference to the energy sector.

The truth is that those countries whether developed or developing which reach the age of renewable sources of energy that will not denigrate the common legacy of the earth's atmosphere will be those who offer their people better lives. They will be free from the cost of and dependence on fossil fuel. Poverty alleviation and development will be supported by a new paradigm of progress. There will be no conflicts over sun, wave and wind energy resources. The challenge posed by climate change is at the same time an opportunity for the world as a whole to prepare and move toward sustainable pathways of development supported by environmentally sound technologies based on renewable resources.

However one should not underestimate the change in human awareness that such a transition will demand. Hence, the encyclical calls the faithful and invites humanity to live life on the basis on which life has been granted to us. It does so with the assurance that in this endeavor, a sense of the sacred will sustain us. Resonant with the Pontiff's reassurance that divine light and wisdom will accompany us are the words of Thomas Berry which profoundly confirm the depth of the challenge and the difficulties of the task before us.

``The deep psychic change needed to withdraw us from the fascination of the industrial world, and the deceptive gifts that it gives us, is too difficult for simply the avoidance of its difficulties or the attractions of its benefits. Eventually only our sense of the sacred will save us.''\footnote{Kathleen Deignan, \textit{When the Trees Say Nothing: Writings on Nature} (Sorin Books, Notre Dame, IN, 2003) pp. 18--19.}

\footnotetext[1]{Francis: \textit{A Saint's Way}, James Cowan (Hodder \& Stoughton, London, 2001) p. 100.}
\footnotetext[2]{The voice of science could not be more precise. Yet we are persuaded not to take heed. ``If humanity wishes to preserve a planet similar to that on which civilization developed and to which life on Earth has adapted, paleoclimate evidence and on-going climate change suggest that CO2 will need to be reduced from its current 385 ppm (The measurement as of March 2011 was 392.4 ppm. And is currently 400 ppm) to at most 350 ppm.'' \textit{Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?} James Hansen, Makiko Sato, Pushker Kharecha, et alia. \textit{Open Atmospheric Science Journal}, vol. 2 (2008).}
\footnotetext[3]{Joseph Heath, \textit{The New York Times}, Saturday, June 20, 2015, p. A19.}
\footnotetext[4]{Report on the structured expert dialogue on the 2013--2015 review---document FCCC/SB/2015/INF.1, p. 18.}
\title{Proc\'ed\'e de convergence minimale dans les espaces de Banach. Une loi des grands nombres et un th\'eor\`eme ergodique}
\author{S. Guerre}
\begin{abstract}

\end{abstract}
\section{Parenchymal Disease}

\subsection{Consolidation}

\begin{itemize}
\item 10--20\%
\item Are seen on HRCT at initial evaluation in 90--100\%
\item Bilateral consolidation with air bronchogram
\item Involve mainly the middle lung zones
\end{itemize}

\textbf{Differential Diagnosis}
\begin{itemize}
\item Tuberculosis
\item COP
\item Lymphoma
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_6_1.pdf}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{figure_6_2.pdf}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Fig. 6}
\label{figure_6}
\end{figure}
\section*{IFC blood drive expects to collect 300 pints}

The Interfraternity Conference will hold its annual hemophilia blood drive November 15 and 16 this year. The drive has been in effect since 1962 when 311 pints were collected. The largest collection thus far was set last year when 294 pints were pledged.

The MIT blood drive is unique in that it is the only one in the nation designed specifically for hemophiliacs. Recent statistics show that there are now approximately 100,000 hemophiliacs in the country, each of whom will require about 100 pints annually per year. At $25 per pint this obviously comes out to a fantastic sum.

Registration for the blood drive took place October 15--21 when 504 students were recorded, corresponding to 35\% of the IFC. All houses participated and some had as many as 80\% of the eligible members signing up. The IFC is now awaiting the return of permission slips and present forecasts expect the collection to go over 300 and possibly approach 400 pints of blood.

Although the blood drive is sponsored by IFC, it is open to anyone. To donate contact Red Marsh '68 at x3188, so that parental permission may be obtained.

IBM Nov. 15th or 16th

``I was determined not to take a job where I'd be compartmentalized. That's one reason I chose IBM,'' says George Leffler. (George, who has his B.S. in Engineering, is a Systems Engineering Manager in Marketing.)

The job itself

``You start by studying a customer's business even before he orders equipment. Then it's up to you to come up with a system that solves the customer's problems. You stay with it until it's installed and fully operational. You guide the customer every step of the way. So following through on your own ideas is part of your job.''

5,000 more managers

``Another thing I like about working here is the chance for advancement. For example, IBM has over 5,000 more managers today than they had four years ago. And they need more every day.''

``We'd like to tell you more about the IBM story. We'll be interviewing on campus for careers in Marketing, Computer Applications, Programming, Research and Development, Manufacturing, and Field Engineering. Sign up for an interview at your placement office, even if you're headed for graduate school or military service. And if you can't make a campus interview, send an outline of your interests and educational background to J. E. Bull, IBM Corporation, 425 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022. We're an equal opportunity employer.''