chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: I never gave up custody of my children. I never lost custody of my children.
Speaker: wendy davis
About the speaker: Wendy Davis, a Fort Worth attorney, was initially elected to the Texas Senate in 2008. She was the 2014 Democratic gubernatorial nominee, giving up a shot at winning re-election to the Senate.
Date: January 28, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;corrections and updates;families;marriage
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Davis said she "never gave up custody of my children. I never lost custody of my children." Custody, it turns out, is an outdated term for what has evolved into "managing conservatorship." And in the senator’s divorce, she and her ex-husband agreed to joint managing conservatorship, which means that neither parent sacrificed custody. That said, her ex-husband’s home was designated as their daughter Dru’s primary residence in the divorce decree and Davis agreed to make child-support payments. Outside of the legal process, it’s not uncommon for the parent who’s not the primary caregiver to be considered noncustodial, which may explain why the candidate described herself this way less than five months ago. Still, it would be  to say she legally relinquished her parental role. We rate this statement, which was missing this clarification, as . CLARIFICATIONS, 5:50 p.m., Jan. 30, 2014 : This story was amended to clarify that Tilove obtained described letters in the public records of Davis' divorce and that the letters were addressed to the Tarrant County district clerk, not to a lawyer for Wendy Davis. These changes did not affect the rating.  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Most people in New Hampshire want to raise the minimum wage. (State Rep. Marilinda) Garcia opposes it.
Speaker: americans for responsible solutions
About the speaker: Americans for Responsible Solutions is a non-profit organization started by former U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, D-Ariz., and her husband, retired combat veteran and astronaut Mark Kelly, after Giffords was shot in 2011.
Date: September 16, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: income
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: An ad from the liberal Americans for Responsible Solutions PAC says most people in New Hampshire want to raise the minimum wage, but Marilinda Garcia opposes it. Polls from when the New Hampshire Legislature was considering raising the state’s minimum wage showed that a majority of residents surveyed supported increasing the wage from the federal minimum of $7.25 to $8.25 and eventually to $9 an hour. And Garcia has gone on the record criticizing attempts to raise the minimum wage, saying it’s effects could be "counter-productive" and could lead to "negative outcomes." She also cast several votes in 2011 that effectively kept the state minimum wage the lowest in the region. The  needs a slight clarification. As backup for the assertion that "most people in New Hampshire want to raise the minimum wage," the poll cited a poll that asked residents about a $9 minimum wage. It’s not clear whether residents would support a hike to the higher level of $10.10, as the president and congressional Democrats are seeking. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: Chinese people eat human baby soup to improve health.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 6, 2020
Topics: china;food
Context: a social media post
Fact-check justification: A post circulating on social media said: "Chinese people eat human baby soup to improve health." Photos with the post are from an art exhibit in 2000. Experts say the  is a  one that is commonly repeated. We rate it !
Statement: Seniors and the disabled "will have to stand in front of Obama's 'death panel' so his bureaucrats can decide, based on a subjective judgment of their 'level of productivity in society,' whether they are worthy of health care.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: August 7, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a message posted on Facebook
Fact-check justification: But that's not what Palin said. She said that the Democratic plan will ration care and "my parents or my baby with Down Syndrome will have to stand in front of Obama's 'death panel' so his bureaucrats can decide, based on a subjective judgment of their 'level of productivity in society,' whether they are worthy of health care." Palin's statement sounds more like a science fiction movie ( Soylent Green , anyone?) than part of an actual bill before Congress. We rate her statement !
Statement: We've made other countries rich while the wealth ... of our country has dissipated over the horizon.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 20, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy;trade;wealth
Context: his inaugural address
Fact-check justification: Trump said that other countries became rich while the wealth of America "dissipated." Based on the most common measures of national wealth, that is . The United States has the world’s largest economy and, when averaged across the population, the typical American does better than the people of any other country. There is some argument to be made that the typcial Chinese worker's wealth has gone up much faster than the typical American's, but the American is still much wealthier. We rate this  .
Statement: Says President Donald Trump tweeted that South Dakota needs to keep its border with California closed.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 6, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The state is doing a tremendous job with the coronavirus. I told the governor that everyone is fine without a mask. They just need to keep there border with California closed! That state is full of LOSERS!" One Facebook user who shared the tweet wrote, "A president who can’t bother to look at a map, has no clue where states are in relation to each other and is the most ignorant person to EVER be in the WH."
Statement: Guantanamo Bay detainees will get the H1N1 vaccine.
Speaker: sean hannity
About the speaker: Sean Hannity is a conservative political commentator and hosts a nationally syndicated radio show, as well as two television shows on the Fox News Channel. In a 2013 interview Hannity said that he is a “registered Conservative” and ”not a Republican, though people often mistake me for one.” Hannity has authored three books.
Date: November 2, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;pundits;terrorism
Context: a comment on his television show
Fact-check justification: Assuming there are enough supplies, the detainees would eventually be given the vaccine, he said. The White House told us that, to date, no prisoners have been vaccinated, but that priority for the vaccine would follow this order: U.S. forces, deployed health care workers (civilian and contractor), civilians, detainees and non-US Defense Department contractors.    So, Hannity is correct. Current plans say that the vaccines will eventually be offered to the prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. We rate his  .
Statement: Says he led the fight to add 200 new police officers to make the City of Milwaukee safer.
Speaker: cavalier johnson
About the speaker: In 2016, Johnson ran for 2nd District Alderman on the Milwaukee Common Council, winning a five-way primary with 38 percent of the vote and winning the general election with 4,307 votes (52 percent). 
Johnson was re-elected without opposition in 2020 and was also elected by his peers in a 8–7 vote to serve as the Milwaukee Common Council president.  
Johnson became acting mayor of Milwaukee upon the resignation of  Tom Barrett to assume the ambassadorship of Luxembourg, on December 22, 2021. He is acting mayor until the 2022 Milwaukee mayoral special election. The Milwaukee mayor's office is non-partisan. Johnson is a candidate in the special election. The day before assuming the role, Johnson announced his top priority would be combating reckless driving to create safe streets. 
Date: January 6, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: TV ad
Fact-check justification: In a TV ad, Johnson claimed that he "led the fight to add 200 new police officers to make our city safer." Johnson played an important role in the approval of 195 recruits, as well as the officers covered by the 2020 COPS grant. But based on expected retirements, those recruits will simply maintain the department’s size, not increase it. We rate the  .
Statement: Says the federal government is earning more tax revenue now "than any other time.
Speaker: kevin mccarthy
About the speaker: Kevin McCarthy, who was first elected in 2006, is a Republican member of Congress representing a district in California. McCarthy was elected as House Speaker in January 2023.
Date: February 25, 2013
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;taxes
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: McCarthy told Fox News, "There's more money going in than any other time. In the last four decades, on average, we brought in 17.9 percent of GDP. Now we're going to bring in 19.1." Starting in 2015, reputable projections show revenue rising to 19.1 percent of GDP, up from an average of 17.9 over the last four decades. But McCarthy’s  to say that there’s more money coming in than at any other time. In fact, the nation collected more than 19.1 percent of GDP in seven years of the last 40. To say that the nation will collect the most revenue in raw dollars in 2013, according to tax experts, is meaningless. We rate McCarthy’s statement .
Statement: If you take the population growth here in Virginia, we are net zero on job creation since (Bob McDonnell) became governor.
Speaker: terry mcauliffe
About the speaker: Terry McAuliffe, a Democrat, was elected governor of Virginia on Nov. 5, 2013. He received 47.8 percent of the vote in defeating Republican Ken Cuccinelli, who came in at 45.2 percent. Robert Sarvis, a Libertarian, finished a distant third with 6.5 percent.
McAuliffe's inaguration as Virginia's 72nd governor is scheduled on Jan. 11, 2014.
McAuliffe, a wealthy businessman and noted political fundraiser, was co-chairman of President Bill Clinton's 1996 reelection campaign. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2001 to 2005 and chairman of Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2008. In 2009, McAuliffe unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Virginia governor.
McAuliffe was born in Syracuse, N.Y., on Feb. 9, 1957. He has a bachelor's degree from The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., and a law degree from Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, D.C. McAuliffe has lived in Fairfax County for more than 20 years, is married and has five children.
 
Date: May 7, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: jobs
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Economists say governors have little control over economic conditions. Virginia has consistently had one of the lowest unemployment rates in the nation this century. Those points aside, McDonnell bills himself as a job-creating governor. McAuliffe accurately summarized one set of statistics about employment in Virginia during McDonnell’s term. We rate his statement .
Statement: The average age of first marijuana use is 12.
Speaker: protect families first
About the speaker: Protect Families First is a Providence, Rhode Island-based organization formed in 2012 that supports allowing some use of marijuana, including medical use, as long as it is controlled and regulated.
Date: January 10, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: drugs;health care;legal issues;government regulation;regulation;states;marijuana
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Protect Families First said in a news release that "the average age of first marijuana use is 12, the lowest ever and still declining," a statement that grabbed our attention because it seemed so unlikely. After we called them, the organization said that figure was in error.  And none of the studies we found suggested that 12 was the average age for first marijuana use. We rate the   . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: We've won twice as many states. We've won a greater share of the popular vote.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: an interview on the Today Show
Fact-check justification: Back to Obama's : We find he has it  right. On the first part, he'd be better off hedging his  on winning twice as many states as Clinton. But on the matter of popular vote, Obama is accurate. Though, to be fail-safe, he should have specified that he was excluding Michigan. Overall, we find his  to be .
Statement: The El Paso and Dayton shootings were "false flag" attacks coordinated by the "deep state.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 4, 2019
Topics: facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Posts on social media  the El Paso and Dayton shootings were " flag" attacks coordinated by the "deep state." The posts use a mix of conjecture and misinformation to reach an unproven conclusion. We rate this  .
Statement: The conviction rate is almost exactly the same" for whites and blacks who commit murder.
Speaker: rudy giuliani
About the speaker: Rudy Giuliani is the former mayor of New York City. He was born in Brooklyn in 1944 and previously served as a federal prosecutor, as well as an associate attorney general under President Reagan. He graduated from Manhattan College and earned a law degree from New York University Law School. He has been married since 2003 to Judith Nathan and was married twice before. He has two children, Andrew and Caroline. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: November 24, 2014
Topics: civil rights;criminal justice;crime;punditfact
Context: an interview on 'Fox and Friends'
Fact-check justification: Giuliani said, "the conviction rate is almost exactly the same" for whites and blacks who commit murder. We couldn't find any statistical  to support Giuliani’s , and experts said they weren't aware of any, either. We found some related data, but that data only serves to highlight some of the racial disproportion in the justice system. And when you take a step back, Giuliani’s comment -- even if supported by statistical  -- would amount to cherry-picking data to shed the most benign light on racial disparities of the American justice system. Jurisprudence in general does not reflect this pattern. Without statistical data to back up his , we rate it . Update, Nov. 26, 2014, 2:00 p.m.: Soon after we published this item, the Bureau of Justice Statistics officially confirmed to PolitiFact that they do not have nationally representative data on conviction rates by race.
Statement: Says the Republican Party started in Ripon, Wis., "to counter the Democrats' plans to expand slavery.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 6, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: party support
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral Facebook post says the Republican Party started in Ripon, Wis., "to counter the Democrats’ plans to expand slavery." The party has clear origins in Ripon, notably because the name of the party originated there. But there were other meetings around that time that can lay  to being pivotal in the party’s formation as well. More critical to this rating is the over-simplification of the Democratic Party’s stance. The majority of Democrats did indeed support an expansion of slavery, but not all. Northern Democrats opposed that expansion, some of whom abandoned the party to help create the Republican Party. In other words, the split was more geographic than partisan. That leaves us with a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details. That’s our definition of .
Statement: The Governor did not consult members of his own party before he released his [transportation] plan.
Speaker: ward armstrong
About the speaker: Ward Armstrong, D-Henry County,  was a  a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2012, serving the final five years as minority leader. He served on the Courts of Justice, Finance, and Rules committees. In 2011, House Republicans merged Armstrong's district with that of another incumbent, Republican Charles Poindexter. Armstrong was defeated by Poindexter that fall.
,
Date: December 20, 2010
Location: virginia
Topics: transportation
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: Let’s recap. Armstrong wrote the "Governor did not consult members of his own party before he released his plan." Clearly, not every Republican legislator was in the loop. While not every GOP legislator was in the loop, plenty were involved in shaping the plan and the Republican leadership says they were kept informed along the way. We find the  .
Statement: Map shows that wildfires stop at the US.-Canada border.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 12, 2020
Location: california
Topics: environment;climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Online, people are arguing about what caused the fires — poor forest management, arsonists, or global warming. Most wildfires in the lower 48 states are ignited by humans, but they’re burning a much greater area due to drier conditions caused by climate change, Hayhoe said.     As we’ve previously reported , climate change has affected the environments where the fires are burning on the West Coast right now, making them more conducive to wildfire. Experts have told us unequivocally that climate change has contributed to the frequency, intensity and scope of wildfires there.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: A banner for COVID-19 vaccines says, "Don't forget to donate your childrens organs.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 7, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "COVID Vaccines Here, NO Appointment Needed," it says. "Vacunas de COVID Aquí, SIN Cita Previa." As Reuters reported, the banner also appears in this video tweeted by Boston reporter Nick Giovanni on July 29. "Mobile #COVID19 vaccination clinic getting set up at #Patriots Training Camp right now," he wrote. We rate this post .
Statement: People have a constitutional right to have semiautomatic rifles.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: June 19, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;supreme court;guns
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Ryan said: "People have a constitutional right to have semiautomatic rifles." The U.S. Supreme Court decision has not explicitly declared that Americans have a constitutional right to semiautomatic rifles. And states can, within certain parameters, put restrictions on those guns. But generally speaking, experts told us, semiautomatic rifles are a legal weapon that fall under the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms. We rate Ryan’s statement .
Statement: Small businesses "create two out of every three American jobs.
Speaker: claire mccaskill
About the speaker: Claire McCaskill is a Democrat and a U.S. Senator from Missouri.
Date: February 14, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: economy;jobs;small business
Context: a press release on her website
Fact-check justification: Upon the approval of McMahon as administrator to the Small Business Administration, senator McCaskill release a press release that said, in part, "Small businesses — which create two out of every three American jobs—are an engine for job growth that we’ve got to support and sustain." While two-thirds of the workforce is not employed by small businesses, 66 percent of net new jobs since the 1970s have been created by small businesses. And though McCaskill’s statement could be interpreted differently, her statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Jim Frishe wanted to "tax us for doing our taxes" through an accountant.
Speaker: accountability in government
About the speaker: A third-party group attacking St. Petersburg state Rep. Jim Frishe.
Date: July 20, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: message machine 2012;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: A third-party group says Frishe voted to tax people for "doing our taxes." In 1987, Frishe did vote for a plan to tax services in the state of Florida, including accountants' fees. He later said he favored a proposal to repeal the services tax, but he could not support the repeal in the Legislature becuase it included a provision that raised the sales tax on goods. While those caveats give a fuller picture of Frishe's position and his vote, they do not undermine the statement made by the group Accountability in Government. We rate the  .
Statement: I think I received more votes in the Democratic primary than any governor in history.
Speaker: andrew cuomo
About the speaker: Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, was elected to his first term as governor of New York in 2010.
Date: September 14, 2018
Location: new york
Topics: elections
Context: New York City
Fact-check justification: Cuomo claimed he won more votes in a Democratic primary than any other governor in the state’s history. The first Democratic primary for governor was in 1914, and an evaluation of results since then shows he is right.   We rate his  .