chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: No one "with a concealed carry permit ever committed a mass shooting.
Speaker: greg gutfeld
About the speaker: Greg Gufeld is a co-host on the Fox News program The Five.
Date: June 23, 2022
Topics: crime;pundits;punditfact;guns
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Gutfeld said, "I don't believe anybody with a concealed carry permit ever committed a mass shooting." That’s ; there have been several such cases, including the 2018 mass shooting that left 11 dead at the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh. Citing media reports, the nonprofit Violence Policy Center has counted 37 mass shootings that were committed by concealed carry permit holders since 2007. We rate this  .
Statement: The House voted to cap insulin prices to $35/month, just $420 each year! Richard Hudson voted NO.
Speaker: ben clark
About the speaker: North Carolina State Sen. Ben Clark (D-Hoke) is running for U.S. House in North Carolina's 9th Congressional District in 2022.
Date: April 1, 2022
Location: north carolina
Topics: health care
Context: a campaign newsletter
Fact-check justification: Clark said: "Yesterday, the House voted to cap insulin prices to $35/month, just $420 each year! Richard Hudson voted NO." The congressional record and multiple media reports show Hudson voted yes. We rate Clark’s  .
Statement: This (Ebola) is not as bad as SARS was in 2003.
Speaker: tavis smiley
About the speaker: Tavis Smiley is the host of the late-night television talk show Tavis Smiley on PBS and The Tavis Smiley Show from Public Radio International (PRI).
Date: October 19, 2014
Topics: ebola;health care;public health;punditfact
Context: comments on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Smiley said Ebola "is not as bad as SARS was in 2003." Both diseases are serious and have harmed communities. SARS spread to more countries and is easier to transmit than Ebola. But Ebola has had more cases and higher death toll, and those numbers continue to rise. SARS may have had more of a presence in the United States, but Ebola is poised to be a larger humanitarian crisis globally. We rate Smiley’s  .
Statement: A provision in the first bill passed by House Democrats would "allow the billions of dollars of aid we send to other countries to be used for abortions.
Speaker: glenn grothman
About the speaker: Republican Glenn Grothman, of the Town of Glenbeulah in Sheboygan County, was first elected to Congress in 2014 after serving 21 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. He represents the 6th Congressional District in east-central Wisconsin that includes all or parts of Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Dodge, Winnebago, Columbia, Green Lake, Marquette and Waushara counties.  
 
Date: January 15, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: abortion;federal budget
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: Our rating Grothman claimed a provision in a bill backed by House Democrats would "allow the billions of dollars of aid we send to other countries to be used for abortions." Part of the language in the bill would have extended a long-running back-and-forth on the Mexico City policy. But the so-called Helms Amendment would have remained in place. Therefore, U.S. tax dollars could not be used to fund abortions abroad. We rate Grothman’s  .
Statement: We enacted the biggest tax cuts and reforms in American history.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 30, 2018
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: his State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "we enacted the biggest tax cuts and reforms in American history." In inflation-adjusted dollars, the recent tax bill is the fourth-largest since 1940. And as a percentage of GDP, it ranks seventh. We rate the statement .
Statement: As Milwaukee County executive, Scott Walker "eliminated the waiting list for long-term care for older adults through the Family Care program.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: September 27, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Context: a statement on campaign web site
Fact-check justification: But the central part of the  is that as county executive he eliminated the waiting list. That list ended less than two months after he took office and mainly through the efforts of county officials who preceded him. Walker has supported the program as county executive, but nearly all of the heavy lifting on the waiting list was done before he arrived on the scene. And preventing a waiting list from reappearing is different than taking credit for ending it. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: The Jerusalem Embassy Act "passed Congress by an overwhelming bipartisan majority and was reaffirmed by a unanimous vote of the Senate only six months ago.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: December 6, 2017
Location: national
Topics: israel;foreign policy
Context: remarks at the White House
Fact-check justification: Trump said that the Jerusalem Embassy Act "passed Congress by an overwhelming bipartisan majority and was reaffirmed by a unanimous vote of the Senate only six months ago." He’s right about both pieces of legislation and the margins by which they passed. However, it’s worth noting that the 2017 Senate resolution also reaffirmed that "the permanent status of Jerusalem remains a matter to be decided between the parties through final status negotiations towards a two-state solution" -- a position that Trump rhetorically backed in his speech, but that some believe could be endangered by his decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and move the embassy. We rate the statement .
Statement: I got a letter from 20 people who said they wanted their money back, 14 never gave me a penny.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: May 13, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a meeting with the St. Petersburg Times editorial board
Fact-check justification: She gave $2,400 this year to Rubio. Crist, in his statement to the St. Petersburg Times editorial board, is off a little bit by saying 14 of the 20 have asked for a refund. Actually, 11 never gave Crist "a penny" for his 2010 Senate campaign. And a 12th person had his money back before sending the letter to Crist. That's close enough, however, to rate Crist's  .
Statement: There was no violence on the Senate side, in terms of the chamber.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: March 20, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: congress;criminal justice;crime;jan. 6
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Johnson said at a West Allis presentation he didn’t feel threatened Jan. 6 because "there was no violence on the Senate side, in terms of the chamber." The highest-profile violent acts indeed occurred around the House chamber. But this is an  description for any element of an event where hundreds of rioters forced their way past police and into the U.S. Capitol, forcing lawmakers to scurry to safety and leaving more than 100 injured officers in their wake. The fact no one was killed or injured in the chamber does little to lessen the violence inherent to the presence of rioters who acted violently to get in the building. Senators like Johnson had the luxury of being potentially less fearful only because of officers like Goodman and whatever happenstance led more rioters initially to the House chamber, allowing senators to escape before rioters forced their way into the chamber. We rate this  .
Statement: National Guard to fill in for cops who refuse to get vaccinated.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 22, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post shared the headline of a supposed news article that claims National Guard troops will replace law enforcement officers who refuse to get the COVID-19 vaccine. The headline itself is vague and the post did not offer any additional details. The author of the article appears to have never written the piece and an internet search of the headline only offers up social media posts similar to the one on Instagram. To date, no state has actually sent in its National Guard troops to replace unvaccinated law enforcement officers. We rate this  .
Statement: We are one of only two states to have eight consecutive months of declining unemployment. Twenty-one states had increased unemployment last month. Ours went down.
Speaker: ted strickland
About the speaker: Ted Strickland was governor of Ohio from 2007 through 2010. He lost his bid for re-election in 2010 to Republican John Kasich.
Date: December 20, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: an interview with The Plain Dealer
Fact-check justification: "Its not an accident," he told The Plain Dealer. "It is because I and my administration have managed the affairs of this state carefully and conservatively." Only time will tell whether the trend continues. If it does, will Strickland get the credit for laying the foundation, as he says, or will Kasich get the political clout from an improving jobs picture in Ohio?    Either way, we rate Strickland’s statement .
Statement: Says Kellyanne Conway said liberal women hate her because of her "striking beauty and intellect.
Speaker: londonwebnews.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: June 1, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: an Internet post
Fact-check justification: There was no byline listed with the story. We did reach a White House spokesman, who didn’t want to give an official comment about the post. But there’s no proof Conway made this comment, either way. It looks as if the website (or its original source) made the story up entirely. We rate this statement !
Statement: Under an executive order, "expensive insulin went from big dollars to virtual pennies … especially (for) our seniors.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 25, 2020
Location: national
Topics: drugs;health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said that his executive order had produced a steep drop in the price of insulin, and urged seniors to take note. No one can predict what the future will bring, but setting that aside, Trump’s move focused on a limited slice of the insulin market. His executive order touched less than 20% of the clinics that might provide insulin through a key government drug discount program. That drug program itself represents perhaps 10% of the total prescription drug market. The latest market analysis shows that between 2017 and 2018, insulin copays for seniors rose by about 10%. Trump’s efforts to make insulin more affordable for seniors may have helped some, but have yet to prove themselves. We rate this  .
Statement: Nancy Pelosi assured Iran that Trump will "pay for his crimes.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 6, 2020
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: This concocted account was copied and pasted word-for-word from a post by a satire blog called "Taters Gonna Tate." That site contains a disclaimer that says, "Everything on this website is fiction." The Massachusetts Daily website , on the other hand, contains no such disclaimer. Its home page contains a number of stories that are simply made-up like this one. We rate this story !
Statement: Mike Madigan made a fortune on tax appeals… Saving his friends millions... It's an inside game played by people like Merry Marwig, Madigan's hand-picked candidate. When Marwig thought her property taxes were too high she got them lowered at your expense. Saved so much she did it again. Marwig and Madigan: Profiting from the same corrupt system.
Speaker: citizens for michael mcauliffe and house republican organization
About the speaker: The House Republican Organization supports Republican candidates for the House of Representatives of the Illinois General Assembly.
Date: September 14, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: taxes
Context: a video attack advertisement
Fact-check justification: In their advertisement, Citizens for Michael McAuliffe and the House Republican Organization say, "Mike Madigan made a fortune on tax appeals. Representing the powerful and politically connected.… When (Merry) Marwig thought her property taxes were too high she got them lowered at your expense... Marwig and Madigan: Profiting from the same corrupt system." Merry Marwig did, in fact, get her property taxes lowered twice and it did raise other people’s taxes. But the ad’s tone and inferences are  to viewers. It makes it seem like Madigan’s firm was connected to Marwig’s property value reassessment. Madigan’s firm never represented Marwig. In fact, Marwig never used an attorney during her property tax appeals. The ad also calls the practice of appealing one’s property taxes corrupt. While there is  Madigan has been a highly successful property tax appeal lawyer whose clients win breaks more than many others, any citizen within the geographic boundary can file an appeal to the Cook County Assessor's Office or Cook County Board of Review. The process becomes public record. While some people may think Madigan succeeds more than average citizens, there’s no  the system as a whole is corrupt. We rate this  as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/fa7dab3e-6788-47a1-a2d6-b1a64c11ecc8
Statement: When these same Republicans –- including Mr. Boehner –- were in charge, the number of earmarks and pet projects went up, not down.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 8, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: Cleveland, Ohio
Fact-check justification: And in 2006, the year Boehner was majority leader, earmarks declined from the 2005 high, they said. Getting back to our rating, Obama said that "When these same Republicans – including Mr. Boehner – were in charge, the number of earmarks and pet projects went up, not down." Earmarks increased dramatically between 1995 and 2006, so we find Obama's statement that earmarks went up, not down, to be correct. But he also singles out Boehner by name, when Boehner didn't take any earmarks and wasn't in leadership for most of those years. So we rate Obama's statement .
Statement: Crime rises in communities with casinos.
Speaker: georgia family council
About the speaker: The Georgia Family Council is a non-profit organization that has advocated alternative approaches to educate children and promoted efforts to keep families together.
Date: April 19, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: gambling;crime
Context: a presentation
Fact-check justification: To say the least, the  is mixed. Crime has gone down in some areas with casinos. It has increased in others. But there does appear to be some  to the council’s , though it needs a lot of context to move the needle higher on the -O-Meter. We rate the council’s  as .
Statement: Says of El Paso that some years, "in a city of almost 700,000, we had five murders the entire year. Our average over the last 10 years is 18 (murders per year). We exceeded that average just on one day" after a gunman opened fire at a Walmart in the city.
Speaker: beto o'rourke
About the speaker: Beto O’Rourke is a former representative of Texas’s 16th Congressional District. He represented the district from 2013 until 2019, when he gave up his seat to run a senate campaign against incumbent Ted Cruz, which O’Rourke lost. He received a bachelor’s degree in English literature from Columbia University. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: August 3, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: public safety;guns
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: O’Rourke said some years in El Paso, "in a city of almost 700,000, we had five murders the entire year. Our average over the last 10 years is 18 (murders per year). We exceeded that average just on one day" after a gunman opened fire at a Walmart in the city. Let’s take this statement piece by piece.  El Paso’s population was approximately 682,669 in 2018, according to U.S. Census estimates . In 1964 and 2010, five murders were recorded over the year in the city. The average number of murders per year in the city was 18.1 over the past 10 years.  On Saturday, 20 people were killed and more than two dozen were injured after a gunman opened fire at a Walmart in El Paso. Two people died later at the hospital. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing.
Statement: Says Chris Christie was "behind" in the polls against Jon Corzine during the 2009 governor's race.
Speaker: joseph kyrillos
About the speaker: Joseph Kyrillos, Jr. is a Republican state senator representing part of Monmouth County. The former chairman of the New Jersey Republican State Committee, Kyrillos is running in the November 2012 general election for the U.S. Senate seat currently held by Democrat Robert Menendez.
Date: October 15, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: an interview on NJToday
Fact-check justification: At a recent campaign stop, Kyrillos compared his polling against Menendez to how Christie was behind Corzine in polls during the 2009 governor’s race. But while Kyrillos has been trailing Menendez by double digits, most of the polls leading up to the 2009 election suggested a close race between Christie and Corzine. When Corzine held an advantage over Christie, his leads typically fell within the polls’ margins of error. Since Christie was behind in some polls, we rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: The annual Pentagon budget hovers over $750 billion annually, twice that of the much debated Build Back Better Act that costs about $350 billion annually as currently proposed.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: October 3, 2021
Location: national
Topics: congress;federal budget;military;wisconsin
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: In a tweet, Pocan claimed the Pentagon’s annual budget is twice that of the spending that would be authorized under the Build Back Better Act being hammered out in Congress. Over the last several years, the Pentagon’s budget has hovered around $750 billion a year, while the piece of spending Pocan referred to -- the so-called "human infrastructure" bill was estimated at about $3.5 trillion at the time of his tweet. That spending, though, is for a 10-year period. To be sure, we don’t know how that spending would be broken down, year to year. But, when averaged out, it falls to the figure Pocan used.  We rate the  .
Statement: We're spending tremendous amounts of money to educate our kids. In the world, we're No. 1 per pupil by a factor of four.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 26, 2016
Location: iowa
Topics: education
Context: comments at the University of Iowa
Fact-check justification: There is good  to support his overall idea, that the United States gets less bang for its education buck than other developed countries. But Trump overstated U.S. spending by 500 percent. We’re not No. 1 in spending, by several different ways of measuring. His comments suggest the country won the gold medal in spending when it’s actually just shy of a bronze. We rate his statement .
Statement: Across the board, violent crime in jurisdictions that recognize the Right to Carry is lower than in areas that prevent it.
Speaker: national rifle association
About the speaker: An advocacy group that fights restrictions on the right to bear arms.
Date: February 10, 2011
Location: national
Topics: crime;guns
Context: a speech by Wayne LaPierre at the Conservative Political Action Conference
Fact-check justification: Some academics have said trends over time show that "right to carry" laws lower crime rates, but that argument is contested. There's certainly not straight-line correlation between states with "right to carry" laws and crime rates. LaPierre made it sound like the data clearly supported his view. They don't. We rate his statement .