chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Alison Alter "has exploited a campaign finance loophole to obtain over $64,000 in public dollars to fund her campaign.
Speaker: sheri gallo
About the speaker: Sheri P. Gallo, a longtime Austin businesswoman, won election in 2014 as the District 10 member of the Austin City Council. She was sworn in along with the mayor and nine other council members in January 2015.
Date: November 29, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: city budget;city government;elections;ethics
Context: a mailer spotted by an Austin voter
Fact-check justification: Gallo said Alter "has exploited a campaign finance loophole to obtain over $64,000 in public dollars to fund her campaign." Gallo couldn’t have known when she sent her mailers that Alter ultimately exceeded the spending limit she’d pledged to meet. But under city rules, Alter qualified for the runoff money anyway, as Gallo noted, because Gallo hadn’t committed to the same finance restrictions. Was that a loophole? We find that reasonably debatable. We rate Gallo’s  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Gov. Rick Perry is "by far and away the highest-paid state employee on an hourly basis.
Speaker: bill white
About the speaker: Bill White, an author, is a San Antonio native who was mayor of Houston from 2004-2009. He was the 2010 Democratic nominee for governor of Texas.
Date: June 17, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;elections;ethics
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: For starters, Perry’s hourly wage as calculated by White is less than what we calculated for several state employees (coaches). Most importantly, he assumes the public schedule released by Perry’s office accounts for all his working hours. But according to the Statesman’s previous reporting as well as two veterans of the governor’s office, such schedules are woefully incomplete. White could have sought a better accounting of how the governor spends his time without cobbling together comparisons that don’t hold up. !
Statement: A World Health Organization report shows "that more people are dying of TB.
Speaker: doctors without borders
About the speaker: Doctors Without Borders is an international nonprofit that provides medical care in places facing conflict and poverty.
Date: October 12, 2016
Topics: global news service;public health
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The group Doctors Without Borders called the latest WHO report on TB shockingly bad and noted that more people are dying from the disease. That statement about the rise in the deaths ascribed to tuberculosis is accurate. Estimated deaths rose by about 300,000 people. But much of that increase has more to do with better reporting and more complete data than an actual increase in deaths. As the WHO report noted, experts came to believe that earlier estimates were too low. This was largely driven by the numbers out of India. Looking back 10 years, the trends in the number of deaths and the TB death rate show steady improvement. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate this  .
Statement: When his grandfather arrived in the United States, "there were no government benefits for immigrants.
Speaker: rick santorum
About the speaker: Rick Santorum is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2012.
Date: August 28, 2012
Location: national
Topics: welfare
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: Contrary to Santorum’s , millions of Americans in the 1920s would have either qualified for benefits directly, such as payments to veterans, or have been protected by workers' compensation laws that provided benefits to those who became disabled by their jobs. And state and local governments had the longstanding role of paying support to people who were disabled or indigent. This provides a much more complex picture than Santorum is painting. We rate his statement .
Statement: The federal health care law tells "the American people precisely what type of coverage they have to have.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: January 5, 2014
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: comments on Fox's "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Romney said the administration is telling "the American people precisely what type of coverage they have to have."  We were unable to reach Romney. The health care law does mandate some types of coverage, and for some people, requires 10 essential health benefits. But it’s not nearly as sweeping as Romney makes it sound. The biggest changes are on the individual market, while people who get their insurance through an employer will see far fewer major changes, if any. We rate his statement as .
Statement: Quotes Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez as saying "I'm speaking with myself, number one, because I have a very good brain and I've said lots of things.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 9, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Co-anchor Mika Brzezinski starts off by asking Trump who he consults with on foreign policy issues. Trump replies with the exact statement: "I’m speaking with myself, number one, because I have a very good brain and I’ve said lots of things." He goes on to talk about how he wrote about Osama Bin-Laden before September 11, that he knows what he’s doing and listens and talks to "a lot of people ... but my primary consultant is myself."    This quote belongs to Trump, not Ocasio-Cortez.   We rate this meme !
Statement: Our pension system is the only one in the country that's 100 percent funded.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: November 16, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: pensions;state budget;states
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: For a majority of retirees, payments cannot fall below what employees received upon retirement. Our rating Gov. Scott Walker told an audience of California conservatives that "Our pension system is the only one in the country that’s 100% funded." It’s slightly below 100%, but so close that a respected research organization rounds it up. And no other plan covering general state employees can make that . We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: I was gone" when there was a red line against Syria.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 9, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: the second presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "I was gone" when there was a red line against Syria. Clinton was secretary of state in August 2012 when Obama said if the Assad regime were to use chemical weapons, that would cross a "red line" after which Obama would consider using military force in Syria. In the months following that statement, Clinton reiterated Obama’s position, using the phrase "red line." A year later, August 2013, the White House confirmed Syria had crossed this "red line." By this point, Clinton had left the State Department months earlier. However, in the days following that revelation, Clinton met with Obama and his staff several times and publicly endorsed the White House’s position on how to respond. The  has an element of , but leaves out critical information that would give a different impression. We rate her  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/9328863a-16c5-4ef6-98cc-2c51aa5553cc
Statement: Selene Delgado Lopez is "everyone's friend in Facebook.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 2, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Unlike many other profiles, there isn’t an option to "Add Friend," perhaps making it seem like she already is a friend — but she’s not.   "It’s simple," Mashable reported in a Sept. 4 story titled, "Say hello to the latest weird viral Facebook hoax: ‘Selene Delgado Lopez.’" "One of the Selene accounts — the one that has now gone viral — has the friend request button disabled in their Facebook privacy settings." The origins of the hoax are unknown, according to Mashable.    We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: We now consume at the federal level 25 percent of the gross domestic product. Historically we were at 20 percent. So we've taken 5 percent away from the private sector.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: November 14, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget
Context: an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Even without special stimulus measures, spending goes up for mandatory items such as food stamps. So in 1983, under a Republican president, Ronald Reagan, the government spent just 1.2 percentage points less than the current level, which suggests that the recession shouldn't be ignored as a major reason why spending is so high. Still, Paul's larger point is valid. Federal spending is now approximately 25 percent of GDP, and that level is roughly 5 percentage points higher than the historical pattern. So we rate his statement .
Statement: Derek Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket while kneeling on George Floyd.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 6, 2021
Topics: criminal justice;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts said Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket while kneeling on George Floyd. While some screen grabs taken from a bystander’s video appear to show that Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket as he pressed Floyd to the pavement, both the video itself and enhanced versions of the screen grabs indicate that his hand was actually on his thigh.  Chauvin was wearing black gloves during the incident that blended in with his dark pants. We rate this Facebook post . Related: Instagram post ignores full Floyd video to falsely  officer’s knee was not on Floyd’s neck Related: Did George Floyd say he ‘ate too many drugs,’ as Derek Chauvin's defense claimed? Related: No, autopsy doesn’t say George Floyd died of overdose
Statement: Last election, the Koch brothers "spent three times what the top 10 unions spent combined.
Speaker: doonesbury
About the speaker: Doonesbury is a Pulitzer Prize-winning comic strip by G.B. Trudeau.
Date: April 20, 2014
Topics: campaign finance;punditfact
Context: the "Doonesbury" comic strip
Fact-check justification: Doonesbury , aka Garry Trudeau, said the Koch brothers spent three times more than the top 10 unions combined in the 2012 elections. The information came from sources that attempted to track the political giving of the Kochs and the biggest unions. But there are some complications with the numbers. On the Koch side, the sources Trudeau cited did not say that all of the money connected to David and Charles Koch was their personal money. The Kochs have played a key role in creating a unique legal mechanism to raise and spend money that obscures the ultimate donors, and the nature of that mechanism gives them a high level of of control over how it is spent. To some extent, unions also feed into third-party money operations. And union political activity is spread much wider and among more organizations than the Kochs’ giving. In short, a  apples-to-apples comparison is quite difficult. That said, one independent analysis of trackable federal data found organizations tied to the Kochs spent three and a half times what unions did in 2012. How does all of this shake out? Trudeau goes too far in ascribing all of the money to the Kochs but the ratio he offers is in the ballpark of what we can determine at the federal level. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Barack Obama "has deported more people than any other president in this country's history.
Speaker: american principles in action
About the speaker: American Principles in Action is a conservative group "dedicated to preserving and propagating the fundamental principles on which our country was founded."
Date: August 7, 2012
Location: national
Topics: immigration;message machine 2012
Context: an advertisement
Fact-check justification: Technically, the ad isn’t correct to say that Barack Obama "has deported more people than any other president in this country's history," since George W. Bush cumulatively deported more over his full eight-year term -- and since Bush would remain ahead of Obama if Mitt Romney wins the presidency in November. However, we -- and the experts we interviewed -- agree that the ad is right to note a significant jump in deportations under Obama. Measured by the monthly frequency of deportation, Obama’s numbers are significantly higher than Bush’s were, even as the estimated population of illegal immigrants was falling. We rate the  .
Statement: I used my line-item veto authority to veto $360 million dollars in special interest spending, so that our budget this year ... is still smaller than the fiscal year 2008 and 2009 budgets signed by my predecessor.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: July 9, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: state budget
Context: a speech at the Brookings Institution
Fact-check justification: Christie said he used his "line-item veto authority to veto $360 million dollars in special interest spending, so that our budget this year ... is still smaller than the fiscal year 2008 and 2009 budgets signed by my predecessor." Only one fourth of that figure -- about $86 million -- represents appropriations in the budget reduced by Christie’s line-item veto. And Christie’s point that those cuts reduced the size of the budget to below 2008 and 2009 levels is . The budget the Legislature passed was already smaller than those two budgets. We rate this  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: More fentanyl has crossed the border in the last two months under Biden than in 2019 under Trump.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: August 23, 2022
Location: west virginia
Topics: immigration;drugs;homeland security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party tweeted, "More fentanyl has crossed the border in the last two months under Biden than in 2019 under Trump." We don’t know how much fentanyl has crossed the border undetected, but we do know how much has been seized. Federal agents seized 4,500 pounds of fentanyl in July and August 2022,  at the southwestern border, which was more than the 2,800 pounds seized all of 2019. But whether the 2022 change is attributable to Biden’s policies is unclear. Also unclear is whether the recent spike in seizures reflects a larger inflow or improved interdiction by law enforcement. We rate the statement .
Statement: Say that according to the Los Angeles Times, "95% of warrants for murder in Los Angeles are for illegal aliens," more than two-thirds of all births in Los Angeles County "are to illegal alien Mexicans" on Medicaid, "nearly 60% of all occupants of HUD properties are illegal," and Nancy Pelosi "wants to put a windfall tax" on retirement fund profits.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 9, 2020
Location: california
Topics: immigration;children;housing;crime;race and ethnicity;retirement;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: on social media
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts said that according to the Los Angeles Times, "95% of warrants for murder in Los Angeles are for illegal aliens," more than two-thirds of all births in Los Angeles County "are to illegal alien Mexicans" on Medicaid, "nearly 60% of all occupants of HUD properties are illegal," and Nancy Pelosi "wants to put a windfall tax" on retirement fund profits. The assertions in this post not only range from unsupported to , but they have been circulating consistently for almost a decade and a half despite repeated debunkings by fact-checkers as well as the Los Angeles Times itself. We rate the statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: Today, property taxes are lower than they were in 2010.
Speaker: john nygren
About the speaker: John Nygren is a Republican who represents the 89th District in the Wisconsin State Assembly
Date: January 11, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: states;taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Our rating Nygren said "today, property taxes are lower than they were in 2010." Data from the Legislative Fiscal Bureau shows the statement generally rings . But there have long been wrinkles on these claims -- from declining property values driving the drop to an increase in commercial and manufacturing property values shifting the burden from homeowners. Those sorts of factors are still in play, this time with tax credits contributing to latest decrease. And the rating is still .
Statement: Doctors, nurses, hospitals, even the pharmaceutical industry, (and) AARP" say that health reform "makes sense to do.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 22, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a speech on health care reform
Fact-check justification: And the American Nurses Asssociation supports the House bill, but has no clear position on the Senate bill. Those are a lot of details to keep track of, so we've provided you with a handy guide here . But back to Obama's . He's correct that most in the health care industry support some sort of reform, but when we're talking about the overhauls that have been put to paper — specifically, the House and Senate bills — there is quite a bit of disagreement among hospitals, nurses, Medicare patients, doctors and the drug industry over which plan is best; industry support isn't as rock-solid as Obama would make it seem. As a result, we give him a .
Statement: Says Dave Brat "voted against protecting pre-existing conditions.
Speaker: abigail spanberger
About the speaker: Abigail Spanberger is the 2018 Democratic nominee for the 7th Congressional seat in Virginia. A former CIA agent, she is challenging incumbent Republican Dave Brat
Date: September 28, 2018
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;voting record
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Spanberger’s ad says Brat "voted against protecting pre-existing conditions," and, in a limited way, he did when he supported the AHCA. The bill would have allowed states to request a waiver from a popular Obamacare provision barring insurers from discriminating against people with pre-existing conditions. But the sweeping language in the ad makes it seem like the AHCA would affect any child or adult with a pre-existing condition, and that’s not so. In fact, a small portion of them would have been at risk. Kaiser estimates that about 6.3 million people faced potentially higher - much higher - premiums for one year. That’s somewhere 4 and 13 percent of the people under 65 with pre-existing conditions. So Spanburger’s  is partially accurate, but omits important details and context. We rate it .