chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Sen. Obama has declared, and repeatedly reaffirmed his intention to meet the president of Iran without any preconditions.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: May 19, 2008
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Chicago
Fact-check justification: Host Tim Russert asked if Obama was afraid of being used in a propaganda way. "I've got to say I'm not afraid of losing a propaganda war to somebody like Ahmadinejad," Obama said. "You know, strong countries and strong presidents speak with their adversaries." In those contexts, Obama clearly counts Ahmadinejad among those with whom he would meet. We rate McCain's statement .
Statement: Says congressional candidate Dino Rossi once suggested "the state build homes for unwed mothers.
Speaker: washington state democratic party
About the speaker: Washington State Democratic Party logo for thumbnail
Date: October 9, 2018
Location: national
Topics: abortion
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Washington State Democratic Party said in a tweet that Rossi suggested the state build "homes for unwed mothers, which sounds right out of "The Handmaid’s Tale." It is  that Rossi wants to ban abortion except in cases of incest or rape or where the mother's life is at risk. But he did not actually suggest the state build homes for unwed mothers. He sympathetically spoke of them as an example of options from years ago, and said, "I see that as the Right to Life movement moving towards that direction, which I think is healthy." While Rossi’s critics speculate he means the direction of "The Handmaid’s Tale," his campaign says they have taken his comment out of context. The tweet had an element of  but, just like Rossi’s statement, requires a lot of context to understand. Those are the very conditions under which we rule a  .
Statement: Women make 77 cents for every dollar earned by men.
Speaker: gina raimondo
About the speaker: Gina Raimondo served a four-year term as Rhode Island's general treasurer beginning in Jan. 4, 2011 before being elected governor in 2014. She cofounded and served as a general partner of Point Judith Capital. She is a graduate of Yale Law School and a Rhodes Scholar. She is married with two children.
Date: April 8, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;income;poverty;wealth;women;workers
Context: a tweet promoting Equal Pay Day
Fact-check justification: Gina Raimondo said, "Women make 77 cents for every dollar earned by men." That's only  for one oft-cited statistic that does not, for example, look at part-time jobs where women tend to make more per week and does not address the crucial underlying question of whether women are getting equal pay for equal work. The gap shrinks -- sometimes considerably -- when complicating factors such as pay per hour or the decisions of women to leave the work force to raise children are considered. The 77-cent statistic has been widely cited by PolitiFact and other fact-checkers as oversimplified and , yet it is still being used without qualification. On the other hand, other reliable measures of pay by gender also show that a significant gap persists, although not in all professions. Because Raimondo's statement leaves out important details or takes things out of context, we rate it  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Says Republican legislators in North Carolina raised the average teacher's pay "by more than 15 percent in just three years.
Speaker: phil berger
About the speaker: Phil Berger is a Republican from Eden and the president pro tempore of the North Carolina Senate.
Date: March 13, 2017
Location: north carolina
Topics: corrections and updates;education;state budget
Context: a the GOP response to Roy Cooper's State of the State speech
Fact-check justification: Berger said Republicans in North Carolina promised to raise teacher pay "by more than 15 percent in just three years," and "that is exactly what House and Senate Republicans have accomplished in our state." The average teacher's salary in the last three years has risen 10.8 percent. And over the entire time Republicans have been in charge of the state budget, the total raise has been even smaller than that, since teacher pay fell during the first three years of GOP control. Berger’s office pointed to numbers for just the state’s portion of teachers’ salaries. But there are some issues with the accounting there, and that’s also not what Berger actually talking about. Pay has been rising for North Carolina teachers recently, but not by nearly as much as Berger claims. We rate this  . Correction:  Teachers have received a 10.8 percent raise over the last three years, not over the last four years as a previous version of this article said. There also has been a 4.2 percent increase in the last two years.  This does not change our ruling.
Statement: After Hurricane Hermine in 2016, Tallahassee "didn't have power for weeks because (Mayor Andrew Gillum) stood in the way of crews being able to come in and restore power, because they weren't members of the right union or something.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: October 15, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: city government;natural disasters 
Context: West Miami of Ron DeSantis supporters
Fact-check justification: Rubio said after Hurricane Hermine in 2016, Tallahassee "didn’t have power for weeks because (Gillum) stood in the way of crews being able to come in and restore power, because they weren’t members of the right union or something." The vast majority of Tallahassee customers had power within a week, according to a county report, a state office and media reports at the time. There is no  that Gillum rejected an offer of help to restore power based on union or political concerns. The decision about whether to accept help from various utilities was in the hands of the city’s general manager of utilities. Rubio’s storm of concern does not have the facts to back it up. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Obama called Medicaid "broken" four years ago.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: March 14, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: health care;medicaid
Context: a speech at the Conservative Political Action Conference
Fact-check justification: Perry said that Obama called Medicaid "broken." In context, it’s clear the president was including Medicaid as a significant part of the entire health care system and that his larger point was that health care costs need to be reined in. Still, Obama described expanding the Medicare and Medicaid rolls as putting "more people in a broken system." We rate the governor’s statement as .
Statement: The president has exploded the debt by more than $3 trillion — all to give billion-dollar tax cuts to the wealthiest few.
Speaker: veronica escobar
About the speaker: Veronica Escobar took office in 2019 as the U.S. Representative for Texas’ 16th Congressional District in El Paso. She was previously a County Commissioner and a County Judge.
 
Date: February 4, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: debt;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Escobar said, "The president has exploded the debt by more than $3 trillion — all to give billion-dollar tax cuts to the wealthiest few." She is in the ballpark on the scale of the increase. However, while an independent analysis found that that tax law has added to the debt, it also found that a similar amount was added to the debt by two spending bills that Democrats largely supported prior to Trump’s signature. And while the tax cut does provide tax breaks for the wealthiest Americans, it cuts taxes for lots of other people, too. We rate the statement .
Statement: Atlanta just lost 75% of its police force
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 20, 2021
Location: georgia
Topics: public safety;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims two-thirds of Atlanta’s police officers resigned en masse, and pointed to a tweet made by a police chief announcing the resignations as proof. Although the tweet is real, it was made by the resigning chief of police in Nahunta, Ga., a small town nearly 250 miles away from Atlanta. Atlanta has seen more than 300 employee departures since 2020 but they weren’t "en masse" resignations and, even if calculated at its most liberal interpretation, does not equate to anywhere near 75% of the department. We rate this  . RELATED VIDEO
Statement: There are communities under Sharia law right now in our country. Up in Illinois. ... There's Sharia law, as I understand it, in Illinois, Indiana -- up there. I don't know.
Speaker: roy moore
About the speaker: Roy Moore is a lawyer, judge, activist and Republican politician from Alabama. Moore ran unsuccessfully for U.S. Senate in 2017. He served as judge of the Sixteenth Judicial Court of Alabama from 1992 until he was elected Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court in 2000. He was removed from his position in 2003 for refusing to remove a Ten Commandments monument he installed in the Alabama Judicial Building. He then served as president of the Foundation for Moral Law, a Christian activist group, until 2012 when he was once again elected Chief Justice.
Date: August 14, 2017
Location: national
Topics: islam;race and ethnicity;religion
Context: an interview with Vox.com
Fact-check justification: Moore said, "There are communities under Sharia law right now in our country. Up in Illinois. ... There’s Sharia law, as I understand it, in Illinois, Indiana — up there. I don't know." After checking with multiple experts, we found no  of such a community. What we did find was a satirical Daily Beast article headlined, "Next, We Muslims Bring Sharia to Indiana." We rate Moore’s statement .
Statement: Biden gets brutal impeachment.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 7, 2021
Topics: impeachment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But they’re not real.   Article II of the Constitution gives the U.S. House of Representatives the sole power to impeach an official .   Republicans controlled the House when they initiated the impeachment process against Clinton, and Democrats controlled the House when they initiated the impeachment process against Trump in 2020 over his Ukraine call and again in 2021 after the Jan. 6 Capitol attack.   Democrats, who still control the House, would break from that precedent if they initiated the impeachment process against a president like Biden from their own party.    We rate this post !
Statement: Says Gov. Scott Walker's proposed state budget contained 110 pages of errors -- an unusually high number -- "and millions of dollars' worth of mistakes" that were corrected with a follow-up document.
Speaker: chris taylor
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Chris Taylor, a Madison Democrat, was elected to the Assembly in a special election in August 2011. An attorney, she is the former public policy director of Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin.
Date: April 15, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The memo also created a new policy, and proposed capping UW System undergraduate tuition increases at no more than the annual increase in the consumer price index. Our rating Taylor said that Walker’s proposed budget "contained 110 pages and millions of dollars’ worth of mistakes" that were corrected with a follow-up document. Taylor is right on the number of the tweaks made in the budget and that they affected millions of dollars in the state budget. But such clean-up memos are a routine part of the budget process -- though there were a bit more this time than in the three previous state budgets. We rate Taylor’s  .
Statement: Steve Southerland did not pay his taxes in '05, '06, '07, '08 or '09.
Speaker: allen boyd
About the speaker: Allen Boyd is a former congressman from Monticello representing Florida's 2nd Congressional District in North Florida. He was defeated in a re-election campaign on Nov. 2, 2010.
Date: September 27, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: message machine 2010;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: In every case, Southerland eventually fully satisfied his tax obligation. The ad makes it seem like Southerland thumbed his nose at the tax collector and then squared up on five years' worth of taxes only after he'd decided to run for Congress, and that simply is not the case. Make what you will of Southerland paying late on some business property taxes. But paying late is not the same as not paying at all. We rate the ad's  .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "has the second-highest disapproval ratings of anyone running for president.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: April 21, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: an online campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Before bowing out for president, Cruz said Trump had the second-highest disapproval ratings of anyone bidding for president. Not quite. A February 2016 poll showed Clinton with slightly worse ratings than Trump, who had the second-worst rating overall. But the unfavorability gap between Clinton and Trump also fell within the poll’s margin of error--and more than 20 other polls taken from February into April 2016 each showed Trump at No. 1 in disapproval. We rate this statement .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/b4d0da45-3dc9-4b36-b329-65d85ab8b115
Statement: Says COVID-19 relief bill "provides more funding to foreign governments and to American arts centers, than to the American people.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 21, 2020
Topics: federal budget;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The overall spending bill included funding for American arts centers and foreign aid, but that funding was not included in the COVID-19 relief bill. It was part of the $1.4 trillion omnibus spending bill. The Facebook post contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.   We rate it . PolitiFact staff writer Bill McCarthy contributed to this report.
Statement: Says Pennsylvania charges a top income tax rate of 3 percent and Delaware "has no state income tax at all.
Speaker: joe pennacchio
About the speaker: Joe Pennacchio is a Republican state senator representing parts of Essex, Morris and Passaic counties.
Date: January 30, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: At a Senate committee hearing and then in a news release afterwards, Pennacchio claimed that Pennsylvania imposes an income tax rate of 3 percent and Delaware doesn’t collect any state income taxes. The senator’s on target when it comes to Pennsylvania, where taxpayers face a flat rate of 3.07 percent. But he’s  about Delaware, since that state imposes income tax rates ranging from 2.2 percent to more than 6 percent. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says Marco Rubio believes the earth is 9,000 years old and that humans hunted dinosaurs to extinction; says  Rand Paul believes the earth is 10,000 years old and God removed dinosaurs "to make space for humans.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 10, 2014
Location: national
Topics: religion;science
Context: a post from Being Liberal
Fact-check justification: Being Liberal’s Facebook post claimed Rubio and Paul believe the Earth is 9,000 and 10,000 years old, respectively. While both men have made vague statements concerning their beliefs about the age of the Earth, neither has publicly cited the figures claimed in the post, and Rubio has even given the widely held scientific answer to the question. As for the senators’ views on the fate of the dinosaurs, we’ll take a page from Rubio’s playbook and call it one of the world’s great mysteries, because it doesn’t appear either has said anything in public regarding the issue. So there are no public statements to back up the Facebook post’s , and Rubio has even said the direct opposite. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker "is denying Democrats the right to vote.
Speaker: democratic governors association
About the speaker: The Democratic Governors Association is an independent organization that supports Democratic governors and candidates.
Date: September 14, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: an online ad
Fact-check justification: It’s certainly  that most Wisconsin residents who don’t have a photo ID will have to get one in order to vote. But words matter. The association goes too far in saying Walker is denying Democrats the right to vote. That is simply not the case. We rate the  as .
Statement: Says Nancy Pelosi said, if impeachment "doesn't go through, I'll resign.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 25, 2019
Topics: fake news;impeachment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a fake news post
Fact-check justification: The word itself means a lie in French . A search of the Nexis news database brought up nothing to back up the site’s . This is another example of a material moving from a so-called satire site to a website with no satire disclaimer. The original bunk was dated Dec. 9. This  is !
Statement: Only Duterte's Philippines and Trump's United States of America have money bail.
Speaker: gavin newsom
About the speaker: Gavin Newsom was elected governor of California in 2018. He is the state's former lieutenant governor and served as mayor of San Francisco. He is a Democrat.
Date: October 8, 2018
Location: california
Topics: legal issues;crime
Context: a gubernatorial debate
Fact-check justification: Newsom said, "Only Duterte’s Philippines and and Trump’s United States of America have money bail." These two countries are international outliers on bail policy, but Newsom would have been more accurate if he’d specified the role of commercial bail providers, rather than "money bail" more generally. In addition, his references to Trump and Duterte are gratuitous, since the policies were well-established for decades before they took office. We rate the statement .
Statement: Cal Cunningham criticized (the Paycheck Protection Program) while his company benefitted.
Speaker: thom tillis
About the speaker: Thom Tillis is a Republican who serves as U.S. Senator from North Carolina.
Date: July 7, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: stimulus;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Tillis said "Cal Cunningham criticized (the Paycheck Protection Program) while his company benefitted." Cunningham criticized the PPP to the extent that it wasn’t reaching enough companies and lacked adequate oversight -- and he’s not alone. Republican senators, including Tillis, have expressed similar concerns. As for WasteZero being "his" company, Cunningham currently works for the company on a contract basis. Cunningham was not a founder. And PolitiFact is not aware of any ownership stake he has in the company. Furthermore, the CEO says  Cunningham wasn’t involved in the PPP application, or the decision to pursue PPP funds. The tweet is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate this  .
Statement: Trump just shared a bombshell letter from Stormy Daniels debunking DA Bragg's case.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 23, 2023
Topics: campaign finance;legal issues;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: RELATED: Q&A: Can Trump run for president if indicted in Stormy Daniels case? What happens if he's arrested? RELATED: Fact-checking Trump’s  and  claims in Waco, Texas, rally RELATED: Fact-checking Trump on the Stormy Daniels case: The statute of limitations and the FEC's role
Statement: COVID-19 vaccines contain "RNA-modifying transhumanism nanotechnology.
Speaker: carrie madej
About the speaker: Dr. Carrie Madej describes herself as an osteopathic internal medicine physician who “dedicates her time educating others on vaccines, nanotechnology and human rights.”
 
Date: October 13, 2021
Location: georgia
Topics: public health;technology;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Madej said the COVID-19 vaccines contain "RNA-modifying transhumanism nanotechnology." There is no  that the three vaccines used in the U.S. contain any such thing. Two of the vaccines use mRNA technology that does not change the body’s DNA or RNA or alter humans permanently. The  is  and  — !
Statement: Says Donald Trump said, 'Africans Are Lazy, Good At Sex, Theft.'
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 11, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post shows an image of a newspaper story that claims Trump said "Africans Are Lazy, Good At Sex, Theft." There is no  Trump said this. We rate this  !