chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The state budget fully funds "an initiative to provide free college tuition for illegal immigrants, while rejecting an increase in Tuition Assistance Program funding that would help middle-class families afford college.
Speaker: john flanagan
About the speaker: Senate Minority Leader John Flanagan represents parts of Long Island. 
Date: April 1, 2019
Location: new york
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Flanagan said the state budget provides "free college tuition" for people who are in the United States illegally, and that it does not expand TAP grants for the middle class. The budget does implement the Dream Act, which allows undocumented immigrants to apply for tuition assistance programs and to receive that assistance if they meet the established criteria. But it did increase TAP funding by $5.4 million for other students - a small increase, but an increase nonetheless. We rate Flanagan’s  .
Statement: The White House had a live video feed of the Benghazi attacks as they occurred.
Speaker: david dewhurst
About the speaker: David Dewhurst, the former state land commissioner, was initially elected lieutenant governor of Texas in 2002. He lost his 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate and lost his bid for re-nomination in 2014.
Date: October 14, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: criminal justice;crime;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: an interview with the Texas Observer
Fact-check justification: Dewhurst said live video of the Benghazi attacks reached the White House as the attacks occurred. That’s not confirmed by news reports we found, while the White House said in October 2012 that no one there watched a live video feed. Given that this  has been debunked for about a year, we see it as  and . !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Donald Trump and Thom Tillis opposed legislation that would lower the price of insulin and other prescription drugs.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 30, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: health check
Context: a political ad
Fact-check justification: An ad sponsored by a progressive political action committee claims that Trump and Tillis have opposed legislation that would decrease the cost of insulin and other prescription drugs. Based on the two pieces of drug-pricing legislation Change Now points to, that’s accurate. Trump and Tillis have voiced opposition to prominent bills that experts say could decrease the cost of insulin for a broad group of Americans. Both politicians have proposed alternative policies to lower the price of insulin and other prescription drugs, but most of their proposals have not taken effect yet and are largely targeted at seniors. We rate the  .
Statement: We are now seeing a decrease in violent crime.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: March 2, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: crime
Context: the State of the State address
Fact-check justification: For the first six months of 2009, the FDLE's semi-annual uniform crime reports showed a 9.7 percent drop in violent crime compared to 2008. The FBI's state-by-state report in 2008, "Crime in the United States," also showed drops in the violent crime rate in Florida per 100,000 people though with slightly different numbers: 722.6 in 2007 to 688.9 in 2008. We are not addressing whether the laws Florida legislators passed directly led to a lower violent crime rate -- that's often a matter of debate among criminal justice experts. But the most recent crime reports do show a decrease in violent crime per capita between 2006 and 2008 and that trend appears to have continued in 2009. We rate this  .
Statement: Libtard hero Al Franken forced to resign in disgrace.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 15, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: That detail is  because the entire article has essentially copied a May 23 post on TheLastLineOfDefense.org that really was about Schumer. TheLastLineOfDefense.org is a parody website run by liberal troll Christopher Blair . Blair’s goal is to publish  stories with  narratives in an attempt to fool conservatives. How this story ended up getting copied and passed on as a dig at Franken is anyone’s guess, but it’s not . We rate this statement !
Statement: Says Chris Abele "has had five years and he's done nothing" about the Estabrook Dam.
Speaker: chris larson
About the speaker: Chris Larson, a Milwaukee Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin state Senate in November 2010. A former member of the Milwaukee County Board, he is a candidate for Milwaukee County executive in 2016.
Date: March 29, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Our rating Larson says Abele has had five years in office and "done nothing" about the Estabrook Dam, with an earlier statement blaming him for a lack of consensus. But records and news accounts show Abele has been consistent in wanting the dam removed, has taken steps to make his wishes known and to build support for removal among nearby communities and other groups. Along the way, he has been thwarted by the County Board. Larson’s statement was that Abele has done nothing. That rates .
Statement: No human remains or aircraft debris were found at the Pentagon or in Pennsylvania after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 18, 2023
Topics: terrorism;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Aircraft debris from United Airlines Flight 93 was likewise found in Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Wallace Miller, the former coroner for Somerset County, where Shanksville is located, has said that only 8% of the human remains were ever recovered because the plane exploded when it crashed at 570 miles per hour.   "Everything vaporized on impact," Miller said. FBI photos of the crash site include airplane debris recovered from the scene. We rate claims that no human remains or aircraft debris were found at the Pentagon or in Pennsylvania after the 9/11 attacks !
Statement: Arizona and Georgia now have the proof," Joe Biden is "not our elected president!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 21, 2021
Location: georgia
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks;arizona
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Biden won more votes than Trump in what local, state and federal officials affirmed was a free and fair election. Recounts didn’t change the outcome. States certified their results. Judges in courtrooms across the country rejected dozens of lawsuits seeking to overturn the election on Trump’s behalf. The nation’s electors cast their votes and sealed Biden’s victory. Nothing has happened to change the results in Arizona and Georgia. We rate the  that Biden is not the elected president as !
Statement: Speaking of the financial crisis that gained traction in 2007, "I talked about it to anyone who would listen, a crisis is coming.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: April 22, 2019
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;economy;housing;jobs
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: Speaking of the financial crisis that gained traction in 2007, Warren said, "I talked about it to anyone who would listen, a crisis is coming." There is documented  that Warren spoke against risky mortgage lending practices, rising debt and other factors that contributed to the financial and housing crisis years before it materialized. We rate Warren's  .
Statement: Hillary Clinton leaves the country as Mueller indictment is announced.
Speaker: freedomjunkshun.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: October 28, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: The website uses a similar layout and style as other Blair - affiliated sites , and carries a disclaimer that reads , "All people, places, names and images should be considered fictitious or fictitious representations." The real indictments were for President Donald Trump’s former campaign chairman Paul Manafort and his associate Rick Gates, who pleaded not guilty to 12 counts of making  statements, money laundering and more. George Papadopoulos, a former Trump foreign policy adviser, also was indicted for lying to the FBI and pleaded guilty. This is another in a spate of  news stories that claimed Democrats were among the people charged in the Mueller investigation. We rate this statement !
Statement: Says Foxconn "is under investigation in mainland China for securities fraud, environmental fraud and labor fraud.
Speaker: matt flynn
About the speaker: Milwaukee attorney Matt Flynn announced in October 2017 that he is running for the Democratic nomination for governor of Wisconsin in the 2018 election. A former chairman of the Wisconsin Democratic Party, Flynn lost bids for the U.S. Senate in 1986 and 1988 and was defeated in contests for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1978 and 2004. 
Date: April 12, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;china;financial regulation;jobs;labor;legal issues;workers
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Flynn claimed that Foxconn "is under investigation in mainland China for securities fraud, labor fraud and environmental fraud." But all of the investigations cited by Flynn are old. The violations uncovered by some do not necessarily constitute fraud, while a few others did not find any violations at all. Much of the  cited comes from outside groups, including advocacy groups and even media companies, rather than the government. We rate Flynn’s  .
Statement: The labor market is weak because if you count the unemployed, underemployed, and those who've stopped looking for work,  the unemployment rate "actually went up last month to 13.5 percent.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: May 5, 2013
Location: national
Topics: jobs;pundits;workers
Context: a discussion on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Gingrich said that if you count the unemployed, underemployed, and those who’ve stopped looking for work, the unemployment rate "actually went up last month to 13.5 percent." Gingrich is correct that the measurement in question did rise. However, that rise was not statistically significant, and it has been more than outweighed by a consistent decline in the numbers over the past three years. On balance, we rate his  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/586dbf1f-5b60-4e69-bdbe-32f6e2f691ac
Statement: In Flint, Mich., "the pipes still haven't been replaced. The water is still poisoned.
Speaker: michael moore
About the speaker: Michael Moore directed the movie "Capitalism: A Love Story" and is a well-known documentary filmmaker. His movies includes "Roger and Me," "Bowling for Columbine," "Fahrenheit 9/11," and "Sicko." He won the Academy Award for best documentary in 2002 with "Bowling for Columbine," and he was a nominee in 2007 for "Sicko." Michael Moore's Web site is www.MichaelMoore.com.
Date: November 11, 2016
Topics: infrastructure;public health;urban;water;punditfact
Context: remarks on MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Moore said that in Flint, "the pipes still haven't been replaced. The water is still poisoned." It will take years to complete the replacement of Flint’s pipes. Officials have replaced a few hundred pipes, with thousands more to go. The tap water is still not safe to drink on its own. However, experts said the city has made progress here, and the water is considered safe when filtered, putting it on par with other cities with older infrastructure. While considerable hurdles remain, Moore has glossed over progress that has been made. We rate his statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/db63e815-a3e5-4d32-aa87-0c16172dd1d5
Statement: 42 percent of (Walmart's) associates are black.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: July 10, 2019
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;race and ethnicity;workers
Context: the Washington Post
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that 42% of Walmart associates are African American. That figure applies to all people of color, not just African Americans. The actual number is 22.2%. This is almost twice the fraction of blacks in the workforce, but about half as large as Sanders said. We rate this  .
Statement: The Bush tax cuts "created about 8 million jobs over the first 10 years that they were in existence. We've lost about 5 million of those jobs during this recession.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: May 10, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;history;jobs;taxes
Context: an interview on NBC's "Today" show
Fact-check justification: First, under the most common yardstick for measuring employment -- the CES data -- Boehner's  is significantly overstated. Second, while Boehner is closer when using a different statistic, it’s only more accurate if he uses a time period much different than the one he stated in the interview. And third, his suggestion that the tax cuts are primarily responsible for subsequent job growth is contentious at best (and the job growth he points to is modest compared to previous administrations). So the numbers Boehner offers are accurate only with significant adjustments. Overall, we find his statement too flawed to give it a rating higher than .
Statement: We lock up close to 2.4 million people in this country. We're locking up more people than China and Russia.
Speaker: joe donald
About the speaker: Judge Joe Donald has served on the Milwaukee County Circuit Court since being appointed in 1996. He is running for the Wisconsin Supreme Court in 2016.
Date: December 2, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: china;criminal justice;crime
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: U.S. Rep. Gwen Moore, D-Milwaukee: Scott Walker "brags a lot about having an independent agency investigate police shootings. Of course, he didn’t fund it."  . Republican presidential candidate Ben Carson, in Milwaukee: "There are more young black males involved in the criminal justice system than there are in higher education."  .
Statement: Says President Trump tweeted that it's "not fair for a president to leave office because of BAD votes!" and that the Supreme Court "should decide the presidency at every election.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 23, 2020
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: If Trump had actually posted this, it would have prompted widespread news coverage and criticism from his opponents. But there’s none — because he didn’t. Websites allow anyone to generate real-looking, but ultimately  tweets using tweet generators .   There is no record of Trump ever tweeting the statement.   We rate this  .
Statement: Says Amber Alerts are issued for white kids "but not Black kids in Milwaukee.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 6, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: public safety
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A widely shared Facebook post said Amber Alerts are issued for white kids, "but not Black kids in Milwaukee." It grew out of concerns in the Black community that missing children are not taken serious enough in Milwaukee. But the data actually shows a disproportionate high number of alerts — based on population — have been issued precisely for Black children in Milwaukee. Nearly half of all alerts involved Black children, even though only about 1 in 15 state residents is Black. And more than one-fourth of all alerts were initiated by Milwaukee police — all for Black children. We rate this  .
Statement: The nation's food supply is "99.99 percent safe.
Speaker: jack kingston
About the speaker: Jack Kingston, a Republican, is a former U.S. Representative from Georgia and a political commentator.
Date: December 25, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: food safety
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: And with each meal, your risk increases. Your risk of getting sick is actually much greater -- predictions say one in six people will get sick in 2011 from food-borne illness. In other words, while Kingston's math is correct, his results didn't say what he claimed they did. Studies that do measure the safety of certain foods contradict him. Since his statement has an element of  but ignores crucial facts, his statement meets our definition of .
Statement: There's pretty much no question that [the curfew ordinances] aren't effective in either reducing crime or preventing harm to young people.
Speaker: mike males
About the speaker: Mike Males is a researcher for the California-based Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice.
Date: June 13, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: criminal justice
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: "The problem with economic substitution theory is that not all juveniles are equally likely to commit crimes," he said. Kline’s paper has gone through several revisions, and according to his website, is awaiting publication in American Law and Economics Review. So the weight of academic opinion sides with Males’ assessment that curfews do not reduce crime. But Kline’s interpretation suggests the question deserves more research. Males saves himself with the qualifier "pretty much," but at least some still are asking questions, leaving us with a ruling of .
Statement: Even though Chicago has "the most stringent gun laws on the books," it still "has the highest murder rate" in the country.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: February 18, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;government regulation;guns
Context: a public meeting
Fact-check justification: Our rating Johnson said that even though Chicago has "the most stringent guns laws on the books," it still "has the highest murder rate" in the country. Chicago does have some of the strictest gun-control laws, but is not number one among U.S. cities for the murder rate. Meanwhile, the  is mixed on whether stricter gun control is associated with fewer murders. For a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details, we rate Johnson’s  . Follow us on Twitter and Facebook .
Statement: All charges were dropped against Bill Cosby and he was granted an early release.
Speaker: youtube videos
About the speaker: Videos uploaded to YouTube.
Date: March 2, 2021
Topics: criminal justice;facebook fact-checks
Context: a YouTube post
Fact-check justification: However, it’s not  that the charges against Cosby were dropped, as the video title says, or that his conviction was vacated.   The Pennsylvania Department of Corrections told the Philadelphia Tribune that "based on the reprieve criteria exempting sex offenders, inmate Cosby is not eligible for a reprieve. "  The Pennsylvania Supreme Court last year heard an appeal of Cosby’s conviction but has not yet ruled on the case.   Searching for Cosby in the state’s prison inmate locator on May 6, we found Cosby listed among the people incarcerated in a facility in Collegeville, Pa .   We rate the  that charges against him have been dropped and he was granted an early release .
Statement: Says "Dan Bishop doubles down on removing coverage for people with pre-existing conditions. Under his sham 'association health plans,' insurance companies don't have to pay for medications for pre-existing conditions.
Speaker: dan mccready
About the speaker: Dan McCready is a Democrat who's running for Congress in North Carolina's 9th District
Date: August 8, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: McCready said Bishop supported "removing coverage for people with pre-existing conditions." That wording could give the impression that this bill directly and immediately strips health care coverage from people with pre-existing conditions. That’s not the case. But experts point out that insurers aren’t required to offer association health plans with a full range of services for people with pre-existing conditions. The proliferation of association health plans could also affect people with pre-existing conditions on ACA plans. McCready’s  is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate his  . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide. To offer ideas for fact checks, email [email protected] .