chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Joe Biden "is trying to shut FL's border.
Speaker: ron desantis
About the speaker: Ron DeSantis announced on May 24, 2023 that he is running for president in the Republican primary. DeSantis won the race for Florida governor in 2018 and 2022. DeSantis was first elected to Congress in 2012 and resigned in September 2018 to focus on his campaign. He represented Florida's 6th Congressional District which is south of St. Augustine and north of Orlando and includes Daytona Beach. DeSantis initially ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but dropped out after Marco Rubio decided to seek re-election.
Date: February 11, 2021
Location: florida
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a fundraising email
Fact-check justification: Desantis said Biden is trying to close Florida’s border. A story in the Miami Herald quoted an anonymous source saying that the Biden administration was considering new domestic travel restrictions in response to COVID-19 spread. But there is no indication that banning travel to or from Florida is on the table.  This  is . ​ Jill Terreri Ramos contributed to this fact-check.
Statement: A proposed ban on hollow-point bullets and bullets that expand upon impact "essentially bans deer hunting.
Speaker: vicki mckenna
About the speaker: Vicki McKenna is a conservative talk show host heard on radio stations in Milwaukee, Madison and LaCrosse, Wisconsin.
Date: February 18, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: recreation;guns
Context: a radio talk show broadcast
Fact-check justification: Kessler admitted hunting never crossed his mind when the bill was drafted in an effort to protect mass shooting victims. The city slickers came up with a bill with a problem that stood out like a white tail between the cross hairs. As it stood, the law would have banned the bullets. But it didn’t ban hunting. We rate McKenna’s statement .
Statement: Video shows Fox News host Sean Hannity saying an impostor is pretending to be President Joe Biden.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 6, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: We now have foreign news agencies doing what your media will not do. They are raising questions about Joe Biden's cognitive issues. "  Hannity made similar remarks in subsequent episodes, such as in January 2022, when he said , "I'm not a medical professional but it appears to me to be very transparent, very obvious, very clear and so many others that Joe Biden is in a steep cognitive decline. It seems to be accelerating to me." We rate claims that Hannity was talking about a Biden impostor .
Statement: Do you know what the second sport with the most concussions is? Women's soccer… And the third most dangerous sport? Cheerleading.
Speaker: drew brees
About the speaker: Drew Brees is the 2009 Super Bowl MVP-winning quarterback for the New Orleans Saints. An Austin native, Brees was a star for Westlake High School. Brees and his wife, Brittany, established the Brees Dream Foundation in 2003
Date: June 12, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: health care;sports;women
Context: an interview with Kirk Bohls of the Austin American-Statesman
Fact-check justification: Brees said: "Do you know what the second sport with the most concussions is? Women’s soccer… And the third most dangerous sport? Cheerleading." Football by far poses the greatest concussion risks, studies show, with women’s/girls soccer often placing a distant second. Cheerleading poses risks too, more so in practices, yet concussion chances are relatively slight compared to numerous sports. We rate this  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Since 2010, eight children in Georgia have died due to vehicular heatstroke.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: June 3, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: children
Context: press conference
Fact-check justification: Gov. Nathan Deal held a press conference Wednesday to raise public awareness of the potential dangers of leaving a child alone in a car. He and other state officials have been doing similar events since 2012, following the tragic death of a 2-year-old girl. The governor cited statistics showing that since 2010, eight children in Georgia have died due to vehicular heatstroke. The death count is accurate and makes the case that without vigilance on the part of parents and caregivers, there’s the potential for tragedy. We rate the governor’s statement .
Statement: Obama's Environmental Protection Agency sent emails for Hispanic Heritage Month with a photo of Che Guevara.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 30, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: message machine 2012
Context: a Spanish-language TV commercial
Fact-check justification: Romney’s ad said, "Obama's Environmental Protection Agency sent emails for Hispanic Heritage Month with a photo of Che Guevara." The  is partially accurate. Yes, an email from the EPA under Obama’s tenure marked the start of Hispanic Heritage Month with a picture of Che Guevara. But the message did not go through official clearance, and it was quickly retracted. That makes the assertion that "Obama’s Environmental Protection Agency" is responsible a little dubious. We rate it .
Statement: Connecticut ballot initiative on early voting would "remove the requirement of a certified seal from certain ballots.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 18, 2022
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed a Connecticut ballot initiative asking voters to bless early voting would eliminate the need for certain ballots to have security seals.  If voters approve to enact early voting in the state, it will change outdated wording in the state's constitution that required a physical, wax seal to be stamped on certain copies of election results. The seal has nothing to do with paper ballots or voting machines. We rate this  . RELATED: All of our fact-checks about elections
Statement: When I left Washington, we had a $5 trillion surplus.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: September 27, 2015
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Kasich said, "When I left Washington, we had a $5 trillion surplus." His rationale for the $5 trillion figure is reasonably sound, but he was  in how he referred to it. It was a 10-year cumulative projection for future surpluses, rather than a one-year actual surplus, and the savings turned out to be ephemeral due to unforeseen events. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Democratic senators were missing "masks" as they huddled close together at the Judiciary Committee hearing for Amy Coney Barrett.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: October 14, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: supreme court;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: A reverse-image search shows that the photo is authentic, but it was taken in September 2018 by Getty photographer Mark Wilson during Judge Brett Kavanaugh’s confirmation hearings. The image caption in the Getty archive reads: "Democratic senators Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (R-RI), Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) and Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ) huddle as Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh appears for his confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee in the Hart Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill September 4, 2018 in Washington, DC." The original tweet was sent by Mary Ann Mendoza, a conservative activist who was abruptly pulled from speaking at the Republican National Convention after it was reported that she had shared an anti-Semitic conspiracy theory on social media. Cornyn deleted his tweet shortly after a journalist pointed out that the photo was not current. We rate it .
Statement: POTUS' economists: 'Stimulus' Has Cost $278,000 per job.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: July 5, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: stimulus
Context: a tweet on Twitter
Fact-check justification: He says he never said that $278,000 per job went to salaries, but "rather that each job has cost taxpayers $278,000."    Yet, his original item did say taxpayers would have come out $427 billion ahead if the government had simply "cut a $100,000 check to everyone whose employment was allegedly made possible by the ‘stimulus?" So where does that leave Boehner’s tweet that said  "POTUS’ economists: ‘Stimulus’ Has Cost $278,000 per job."      On the -O-Meter, we rate Boehner’s tweet (and the subsequent variations of his ) as . Comment on this item .
Statement: Fox News accidentally puts up a poll graphic that shows how they are the least trusted network.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 9, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Bloggers said, "Fox News accidentally puts up a poll graphic that shows how they are the least trusted network." The graphic was based on a Monmouth University poll that asked people who they trusted more CNN or Trump, MSNBC or Trump, Fox News or Trump. It wasn’t a graphic for a direct question comparing the three networks. The Fox News graphic showed that 48 percent of people said they trusted CNN more, compared to 35 percent who trusted Trump more; 45 percent said they trusted MSNBC more, compared to 32 percent who trusted Trump more; 30 percent trusted Fox News more, compared to 20 percent who trusted Trump more. We rate the  .
Statement: Police training in Wisconsin is 21 weeks. A cosmetology license takes 40 weeks.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 24, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;legal issues
Context: Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A widely-shared Facebook post in the aftermath of Blake’s shooting by Kenosha police said: "Police training in Wisconsin is 21 weeks. A cosmetology license takes 40 weeks." When you look only at training, cosmetologists are required to put in more time than police officers. The numbers in the Facebook post are slightly off and actually understate the gap, but the underlying point still stands.  That said, the post doesn’t account for the additional education requirements needed to become a police officer, nor the assessments they must undergo before they even begin training. That leaves us with a statement that’s partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate this .
Statement: The IRS will have the ability potentially" to deny or delay health care.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: May 15, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: an interview on Fox News' "On the Record" with Greta Van Susteren
Fact-check justification: Bachmann said "the IRS will have the ability potentially" to deny or delay health care. She makes it sound like the IRS would purposefully deny or delay people from getting health coverage, perhaps based on an applicant’s political beliefs. Experts told us that was extremely far-fetched. But if complicated logistical challenges are not met, there is a chance that IRS could inadvertently end up delaying some of the millions of uninsured Americans seeking subsidies from purchasing insurance on the exchanges. We rate Bachmann’s  .
Statement: Joe Biden is on a two-week vacation. Kamala Harris has been nonexistent since Inauguration Day. Jen Psaki is taking a break from her duties as press secretary for one week.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 16, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: On Aug. 16, the day the Taliban declared the war in Afghanistan over, an Instagram post claimed: "Joe Biden is on a two-week vacation. Kamala Harris has been nonexistent since Inauguration Day. Jen Psaki is taking a break from her duties as press secretary for one week." Biden had planned to take a two-week vacation starting sometime during the week of Aug. 9, but he interrupted the vacation to return twice to Washington, and then cut it short. Harris has been active, including with the Afghanistan crisis, and Psaki reported to work on Aug. 16, the first weekday that she was to have been on a one-week vacation. We rate the post .
Statement: Violent crime in Puerto Rico is on the rise as nearly one-third of the island remains without power.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: February 2, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Nelson said that "violent crime in Puerto Rico is on the rise as nearly one-third of the island remains without power." Nelson is accurately citing the percentage of Puerto Rico power customers still without power, but his  about violent crime requires some context. Nelson is referring to a recent uptick in killings in January of this year, not overall violent crime.   The most recent estimate we could find shows that violent crime has actually dropped 12 percent in January compared with same point last year. Still, that doesn’t mean Nelson is . Experts said the uptick in killings is significant, and that the crisis in Puerto Rico has more than likely reduced crime reporting by victims and perhaps also the recording of crime reports by the police, so the official statistics might be undercounting the number of violent crime incidents. With everything considered, we rate this  .
Statement: Over 40 percent of children born in America are born out of wedlock.
Speaker: rick santorum
About the speaker: Rick Santorum is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2012.
Date: February 22, 2012
Location: national
Topics: marriage;sexuality;women
Context: Mesa, Ariz
Fact-check justification: Federal data backs up Santorum’s contention that "over 40 percent of children born in America are born out of wedlock." In fact, the number for 2009, the most recent available, is a record high, based on the data included in the federal report. So we rate the statement .
Statement: 60 percent of people on food assistance are working.
Speaker: barbara lee
About the speaker: First elected to congress in 1998, Rep. Lee sits on the House Appropriations and Budget committees. She is the senior Democratic whip, whip of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, chair of the Social Work Caucus, and co-chair of the congressional HIV/AIDS, Out-of-Poverty, Health Care, and other caucuses.
Date: December 4, 2013
Location: national
Topics: economy;welfare
Context: an episode of CNN's "Crossfire"
Fact-check justification: Lee said 60 percent of people receiving food stamps are working. She should’ve specified that she meant 60 percent of the pool of recipients expected to work. Her figure’s a little high, but anywhere from about 42 to 58 percent is a reasonable summary of the report’s findings and more recent data available. We rate her statement .
Statement: The approval of the United States was 20 points higher when (Hillary Clinton) left the secretary of state's office than when she took it.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: July 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;polls and public opinion
Context: Philadelphia
Fact-check justification: Bill Clinton said, "The approval of the United States was 20 points higher when (Hillary Clinton) left the secretary of state's office than when she took it." The approval ratings for the United States did go up on Hillary Clinton’s watch, and the Pew poll found that in some countries they did go up by 19 points or more. Still, the median increase in the Pew polling was a more modest 10 points, and the increases in the BBC and Gallup polls were in the same ballpark -- 10 to 12 points. On balance, we rate Clinton’s  .
Statement: Taxes are lower on families than they've been probably in the last 50 years.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 23, 2012
Location: national
Topics: history;taxes
Context: an interview on CBS' "60 Minutes"
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "Taxes are lower on families than they've been probably in the last 50 years." On the numbers, his statistic isn't exact, but it's pretty close -- average tax rates are in fact lower than most years in the past five decades, at least for the three income groups we looked at. However, the decline in average tax rates was already under way under Bush and the recession helped keep them low. We rate the  .
Statement: Says the names of CNN anchors Chris Cuomo, Brian Stelter and Jake Tapper were on the flight logs of Jeffrey Epstein's private plane.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 26, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: CNN spokesperson Barbara Levin told PolitiFact that there is "ZERO " to this rumor. The flight logs , which became public through civil lawsuits by women who said they were sexually abused by Epstein, span from 1997 to 2005 and were handwritten by pilot David Rodgers. The logs can be found online in a few places , and while there are certainly some noteworthy names, such as President Bill Clinton (who issued a statement about the plane rides shortly after Epstein’s arrest), the CNN anchors’ names are not on there.   Other  lists of alleged Lolita Express passengers can be found online and have included President Barack Obama, former Vice President Joe Biden, former U.S. Sen. Hillary Clinton, the late U.S. Sen. John McCain, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and even Pope Francis, to name a few.   We rate this  !
Statement: All private healthcare plans must conform to government rules to participate in a Healthcare Exchange.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: July 28, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;regulation
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: We spotted an earlier reference on page 15, Section 101. That doesn't change the fact that the assertion is correct. We've ruled that many of the e-mail's other claims are , but not this one. The e-mail said, "All private healthcare plans must conform to government rules to participate in a Healthcare Exchange." We rule that .
Statement: Because as a Senator Toomey stood up for Wall Street. He wanted to privatize Social Security and invest it in the stock market. Wall Street would make billions in fees even if the stock market crashed.
Speaker:  afscme
About the speaker: AFSCME, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, is the largest public employee and health care workers union in the United States.
Date: October 12, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: social security
Context: In a political ad
Fact-check justification: A recent AFSCME ad claimed Pat Toomey supported Social Security privatization during his time as Senator:  "Because as a senator Toomey stood up for Wall Street. He wanted to privatize Social Security and invest it in the stock market. Wall Street would make billions in fees even if the stock market crashed." In the past, PolitiFact has tried to emphasize the difference between privatization and partial privatization because Democratic and Republican politicians have tried to distort it. Toomey has not supported full privatization, which would mean completely overhauling the system so everyone’s proceeds of the payroll tax would go to personal accounts that could be privately invested. This ad doesn’t give the full picture. It doesn’t say he was for full privatization but also doesn’t make clear the difference between full and partial privatization. Toomey has supported partial privatization of Social Security. In the plan he wrote about -- and plans favored by past politicians -- young workers were expected to invest in stocks and mutual funds that are synonymous with Wall Street. The companies with whom people did their investing would earn sizable fees.    We rate the  .   https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/ea4ae91e-977f-4f04-8e7c-00f22441a842