chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: If I have affordable coverage in my workplace, I'm not eligible to go into the marketplace. ... It's illegal.
Speaker: kathleen sebelius
About the speaker: Kathleen Sebelius, a Democrat, was the U.S. Health and Human Services secretary from April 2009 through June 2014. She served as Governor of Kansas from 2003 to 2009.
Date: October 30, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: testimony before Congress
Fact-check justification: It’s pretty clear Sebelius was  when she said "it’s illegal" for her to buy insurance on the exchange because she already has affordable insurance through her employer. Those inclined to do so certainly can, though the financial incentives to stay with the employer-based plan are quite convincing. We rate her statement .
Statement: After the oil spill, Congressman Adam Putnam "doubled down saying all energy sources, including oil drilling in the Gulf, should be considered just days after the oil spill started.
Speaker: scott maddox
About the speaker: Scott Maddox, a former Florida Democratic Party chairman and former Tallahassee mayor, campaigned to be Florida Commissioner of Agriculture and was defeated on Nov. 2, 2010.
Date: May 25, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: oil spill
Context: email to supporters
Fact-check justification: To recap: It's clear that Putnam had long supported an expansion of oil drilling before the spill. And he held the same position on April 24 when he was quoted by the Panama City newspaper. But the magnitude of the spill wasn't clear until a day or two later. Maddox is right about Putnam's comments, but he's playing fast and loose with the timing and his statement is . We find it .
Statement: Says Connie Mack's Penny Plan would cut "over $200 billion out of Medicare, over $1 trillion out of Social Security. ... $3 trillion out of defense.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: October 17, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: debates;federal budget;medicare;social security
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Nelson said during the debate that Connie Mack’s Penny Plan would cut more than $200 billion in Medicare, $1 trillion in Social Security and $3 trillion in defense. Nelson relied on a study from the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service. It found that Mack’s plan, if implemented across all programs, would cut $211 billion in Medicare, $1.124 trillion in Social Security and $2.89 trillion in defense. During the debate Nelson didn’t mention the timeframe for those cuts: 2013-2022, as mentioned in the study. The study makes some assumptions and is based on current economic projections. The reductions to Medicare, Social Security and defense might not ultimately occur if Congress and the president could agree to other specific cuts. But we will repeat what our expert from the conservative organization said: "Any method of meeting the bill’s spending caps would require gigantic reductions in federal spending, relative to the baseline. There is no prospect that cuts of this magnitude could ever be adopted." Nelson’s  requires some explanation about the plan and its timeline, but his numbers are correct. We rate this  .
Statement: Milwaukee Elections Chief Lost Elections Flash Drive in Morning Hours of November 4th When Democrats Miraculously Found 120,000 Votes for Joe Biden.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 13, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;states
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A website claims a lost flash drive in Milwaukee is connected to "When Democrats Miraculously Found 120,000 Votes for Joe Biden." The word "flash drive" is about the only  in this . It’s a stretch to call it lost since it was under the supervision of election officials when it was unintentionally left behind. And it’s  to connect this flash drive to a jump in Biden votes. Those votes were from absentee ballots that were long expected to strongly favor Biden. We know the drive in question wasn’t altered since the timestamp on the data copied to it matched the original transfer, and the vote totals on it matched those recorded by the machine. We rate this  !
Statement: Obamacare" is the "biggest tax increase in American history.
Speaker: mark neumann
About the speaker: Mark Neumann is a developer and home builder from Nashotah. He was a Republican candidate for U.S. Senate from Wisconsin in 2012. He ran for governor in 2010 and formerly represented southern Wisconsin in Congress.
Date: July 10, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corrections and updates;federal budget;health care;taxes
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Neumann said "Obamacare" is the biggest tax increase in American history." But even the article he uses as  states flatly that the health care reform law is not the biggest, and that to cite raw dollars, as Neumann does, is . More reliable measures put the law among the largest tax hikes, but not at the top. We rate Neumann’s statement . Editor's note (July 25, 2012) : The original version of this article incorrectly stated that the health reform law (rather than the repeal of it) would add an estimated $109 billion to the deficit.
Statement: The Iran deal "violates promises the president made to the American people." ... "It is not an anytime, anywhere inspection process.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: July 19, 2015
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;nuclear
Context: comments on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Rubio said that the Iran nuclear deal "violates promises the president made to the American people" because it "is not an anytime, anywhere inspection process." Rubio has a point that a senior administration national-security official did, in at least one case and possibly two cases, say on television that the deal would include "anytime, anywhere" inspection provisions. However, focusing on these two comments is a bit of cherry-picking, since most of the White House’s statements on this issue have avoided that term in favor of ones that can be more plausibly used to describe the provisions of the agreement that were ultimately reached. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: A few weeks ago, (the) education committee in Congress is deciding what's going to be in your local salad bar.
Speaker: dave brat
About the speaker: Dave Brat represents Virginia's 7th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was first elected to the seat in 2014 after pulling of a stunning upset of Majority Leader Eric Cantor in a Republican Primary. He is active in the Freedom Caucus, a conservative wing of Republican congressmen.
Prior to Congress, Brat was chairman of the business and economics department at Randolph-Macon College. 
Brat, a midwestern native, has obtained a Masters in Divinity from Princeton Theological Seminary and a Ph.D. in economics from American University. He began teaching at Randolph-Macon in 1996.
Brat served two Governors on the Joint Advisory Board of Economists. He was president of the Virginia Association of Economists.
Date: June 29, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: congress;education;food safety;regulation
Context: a podcast
Fact-check justification:    Brat said, "A few weeks ago, (the) education committee in Congress is deciding what’s going to be in your local salad bar." The congressman misspoke. The committee never has considered what should be in the salad bars of, say, restaurants or grocery stores. Brat’s office said the congressman was referring to school salad bars. Brat points to the committee’s May passage of a bill providing free breakfasts and lunches for students from low-income homes. The measure does not specify what vegetables should be served, and the panel spent no time haggling over amounts of lettuce, carrots and tomatoes. Setting nutritional standards would be left to the USDA. The bill largely would reauthorize free-meals legislation passed in 2010 that prioritized serving healthy food to students. In the aftermath, the USDA established copious regulations that include minimum weekly servings of green and red-orange vegetables and legumes. Many schools have salad bars, and it can be argued that Congress has allowed the USDA to regulate their contents. But it’s hard to imagine any salad bar worth its salt not offering a mixture of vegetables.  So Brat’s statement that the education committee is deciding salad bar contents - in schools or, perhaps, anywhere - is a stretch, and we rate it .
Statement: Tennessee GOP twitter taken down after tweet exposing Pelosi involved in pedophilia.
Speaker: puppetstringnews.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: November 26, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: The headline on Puppet String News states, "Tennessee GOP twitter taken down after tweet exposing Pelosi involved in pedophilia." Actually, Twitter took down the  Russian news account in August, and we found no  that Pelosi was involved in a payout related to pedophilia. The Puppet String News’ website states that it was created by a U.S. Navy veteran who "decided to get into alternative news to tell the  to best of ability." We attempted to contact the website via a Facebook message and did not get a reply. We rate this headline .
Statement: I wanted to keep it private, because I don't think it's anybody's business if I want to send money to the vets.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 31, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;veterans
Context: New York
Fact-check justification: Trump said. "I wanted to keep it private, because I don't think it's anybody's business if I want to send money to the vets." Trump certainly didn’t keep quiet about his intention to raise money for veterans causes when he was setting up his event in Iowa in January. To the contrary, he talked about it in media availabilities and tweeted about it on more than one occasion. His statement is , so we rate it .
Statement: Says "Scott Brown's carrying some big oil baggage" because he "collected over $400,000 in campaign contributions.
Speaker: senate majority pac
About the speaker: Senate Majority PAC is a super PAC that works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: April 27, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: campaign finance;energy
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Senate Majority PAC ad said that "Scott Brown’s carrying some big oil baggage" because he "collected over $400,000 in campaign contributions." Independently collected data shows that Brown received at least $455,760 in donations from donors associated with the oil and gas industry. However, the ad’s wording is somewhat , since just 11.5 percent of that total came from PACs and individuals affiliated with the biggest multinational companies -- what viewers would reasonably consider "big oil." On balance, we rate this  .
Statement: Says Rep. Paul Ryan's budget "roadmap … doesn't balance the budget until the 2060s and … adds an unthinkable $62 trillion to the national debt between now and then.
Speaker: matt miller
About the speaker: a former Clinton White House staffer who now works as a management consultant
Date: February 24, 2011
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: the Washington Post
Fact-check justification: So where does this leave us? On the one hand, Miller’s statement fails to mention the fact that Ryan’s plan does eventually eliminate the debt, according to CBO -- a sizable achievement when one realizes that under status quo policies, the debt would be more than seven times the size of the nation’s economy. Still, an outcome 70 years from now is subject to a lot of uncertainty, and Miller’s actual statement was phrased carefully. It’s , as he says, that Ryan’s plan "doesn't balance the budget until the 2060s," and before it gets there, it will probably add trillions of dollars in debt. It’s a close call, but we rate his statement .
Statement: Cops take a knee then walk out on Redskins, leaving them stranded in their locker room overnight.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 5, 2018
Topics: sports;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Universaleinfo posted an article that claimed, "cops take a knee then walk out on Redskins, leaving them stranded in their locker room overnight." None of the dates or information in the article match up to reality. This article is copied directly from a satire site and presented as though it was . We rate this  !
Statement: Four pharmaceutical companies have questionable track records that suggest their COVID-19 vaccines aren't safe.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 30, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post makes statements about the records of four pharmaceutical companies to imply that the COVID-19 vaccines they make are unsafe. The individual statements accurately reflect the companies’ track records, though in some cases, they don’t relate to the companies’ COVID-19 vaccines.  In presenting these statements as a basis for judging the safety of their COVID-19 vaccines, the post leaves out important context about the companies' broader safety record and research studies and real-world experience that have shown the vaccines to be safe and effective. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. Our rating is .
Statement: Says John F. Kennedy said, "If a Supreme Court Justice died one day before the election, it would be more Constitutional to indefinitely postpone the election than postpone the confirmation a single day.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 20, 2020
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Searching for the quote online, we didn’t find any results . There were no matches for the statement in the Nexis news archive, either.   There are no quotes about the Supreme Court in a selected list of quotations curated by the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum.   An archivist at the library told us that they’re not familiar with the quote that appears in the Instagram post, and couldn’t find anything to corroborate the statement after checking several sources, including the library’s digitized archival holdings related to the Supreme Court and the federal judiciary; the American Presidency Project, which is a database of transcriptions of every public presidential statement; historical newspaper databases; and scholarly secondary sources. We rate this Instagram post .
Statement: Says Barack Obama has added $16 trillion to the national debt.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: September 21, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;debt
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Our rating     We read Perry’s two-handed tweet as saying Obama has added $16 trillion to the national debt. But nearly two thirds of that unprecedented total accumulated before Obama became president. To be fair, too, changes in the debt cannot be laid on any president alone. Actions by members of both parties, over years, helped build the debt. We rate Perry’s statement as .
Statement: Sen. Obama's chair in New Hampshire is a lobbyist. He lobbies for the drug companies.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: January 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: Manchester, N.H
Fact-check justification: (Claims we previously found  .) Despite the Obama campaign's contention that there is a difference between lobbyists at the federal level and lobbyists at the state level, Clinton's charge was unspecific. It simply says Obama's chair in New Hampshire is a lobbyist. He is. We find Clinton's  to be .
Statement: This video shows Trump looking "lost and disoriented.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 7, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: , Dayton shootings The unedited version of the video provides more context, starting around the 11:40-mark, and shows the president walking away from reporters to wait for first lady Melania Trump. Trump stands by the puddle and points at it for a moment, apparently to warn Melania not to step in the water. The couple then walk together to board the helicopter. The clip was labeled as manipulated media on Twitter shortly after it surfaced. We rate it .
Statement: Says Chris Christie fired 6,000 teachers.
Speaker: ed schultz
About the speaker: Ed Schultz is the host of the Ed Show on MSNBC.
Date: November 5, 2013
Topics: education;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of the "Ed Schultz Show"
Fact-check justification: Schultz said Christie firied 6,000 teachers. There are two problems with Schultz’s . First, the number is closer to 4,500, and even the teachers’ union would not say that all the people that held those jobs were fired. Some of them retired and were not replaced. The number of teachers declined but not necessarily through being fired or laid-off. Second, while Christie pushed hard for steep cuts to school funding, he also got help from local voters. Because of those caveats, we rate Schultz's  .
Statement: Video from 2019 shows Kamala Harris "caught in a major lie" about fracking during the 2020 vice presidential debate.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 7, 2020
Topics: environment;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact has fact-checked several statements — including  claims from President Donald Trump and his reelection campaign — about Biden and fracking. Biden says that he won’t shut down existing fracking operations on public land, and that he’ll allow fracking to continue on private lands, where most of it takes place. Regardless, Harris was speaking for her own candidacy in 2019 when she said she was in favor of banning fracking. She wasn’t "caught in a major lie" during the vice presidential debate. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Thanks to the Trans-Pacific Partnership, "Vietnam is drafting and presenting unprecedented labor reforms, changing their Constitution to recognize worker organizations in Vietnam for the first time.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 2, 2016
Topics: global news service;labor;trade
Context: a press conference at the White House
Fact-check justification: Obama said "Vietnam is drafting and presenting unprecedented labor reforms" and is "changing their constitution to recognize worker organizations in Vietnam for the first time." There are some problems with the . Experts said actual changes to the law have not happened yet but acknowledged the drafting process might be underway. They did agree, however, that the changes proposed would qualify as "unprecedented." More critically, they said it’s hard to enforce the changes being described and the United States has a particularly poor track record of doing so. On balance, we rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/0b4621f6-693f-412e-9d5f-d66f11d089be ( Update Aug. 5 : This fact-check was updated to include Cimino-Isaacs' comments.)
Statement: Says the case of a Texas judge who refused to perform heterosexual weddings exposes a double standard in the case against Kentucky clerk Kim Davis.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 7, 2015
Topics: legal issues;lgbtq;religion;punditfact
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A conservative group on Facebook said the case of a Texas judge who refused to perform heterosexual weddings exposes a double standard in the case against Kentucky clerk Kim Davis. The comparison fails because a judge in Texas and a clerk in Kentucky play different official roles in the marriage process. Texas law authorizes many people, including judges, to perform marriages. Doing so is optional. In Kentucky, couples must have a marriage license issued by a clerk to get married. Davis’ refusal shut the door on marriage for same-sex couples, at least in her county. We rate this  .