chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Ken Buck wants to "outlaw abortion, even in cases of rape or incest.
Speaker: michael bennet
About the speaker: Michael Bennet is a senator from Colorado, appointed in January 2009 by former Colorado Gov. Bill Ritter to fill a vacated Senate seat. Bennet successfully ran for his first full term in 2010 and was re-elected in 2016. He received a degree in history from Wesleyan University and his J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he announced he is running for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: October 15, 2010
Location: national
Topics: abortion;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Ken would not support either. This ad is another example of how Michael Bennet wants to talk about anything but the issues that Coloradans care about -- creating jobs, controlling spending and getting our economy back on track." In reviewing the record, Buck has said he opposes abortion, even in the cases of rape or incest. We did not find any  of him changing position on that issue over the course of the campaign. So we rate Bennet's statement .
Statement: Somebody observed this week that you have to go back to the very founding of the government to the first administration of George Washington to find a time when it's taken longer to put a Cabinet in place.
Speaker: roy blunt
About the speaker: Roy Blunt is the junior U.S. senator from Missouri. He was formerly a U.S. representative from Missouri’s 7th district, and served for six years as the Republican whip in that chamber.
Date: February 8, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: history
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Blunt said the only Cabinet that took longer to be put in place was that of Washington's, who had the very first in U.S. history. Blunt made the  on Feb. 8, 19 days into Trump’s presidential term. At PolitiFact, we rate statements based on the information available at the time they were made. And in that context, Blunt is clearly . We rate this  .
Statement: Who are the most consistently misinformed media viewers? … Fox viewers, consistently, every poll.
Speaker: jon stewart
About the speaker: Jon Stewart is a comedian and host of Comedy Central's The Daily Show.
Date: June 19, 2011
Location: national
Topics: polls and public opinion;pundits
Context: an interview on Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: The 2003 survey strikes us as pretty solid, but the 2010 survey has been critiqued for its methodology. The way Stewart phrased the comment, it’s not enough to show a sliver of  that Fox News’ audience is ill-informed. The  needs to support the view that the data shows they are "consistently" misinformed -- a term he used not once but three times. It’s simply not  that "every poll" shows that result. So we rate his  .
Statement: The (economic stimulus) legislation could open billions of taxpayer dollars to left-wing groups like the Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN).
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: January 26, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: So could lots of other nonprofits. They'd have to compete, though. And they'd have to use the money to buy up abandoned or foreclosed homes, fix them up and resell or rent them. Boehner's comments imply money is earmarked for ACORN (it's not) or that money would be funneled to suspect voter registration programs (it wouldn't). And so we rate his comment .
Statement: Georgia has "a dropout rate that's higher" than Alabama's.
Speaker: john oxendine
About the speaker: Georgia Insurance Commissioner John Oxendine is running for governor in 2010.
Date: June 4, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: education;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign video on his website
Fact-check justification: Figures from Editorial Projects in Education also show that Georgia lags behind Alabama. Its 2009 report states that the rate of Georgia students finishing high school with a regular diploma is 55.9 percent. Alabama's is at 61.4 percent. Indeed, Alabama beats Georgia. We rate Oxendine's statement as .
Statement: Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker's estimate of a $3.6 billion state budget deficit is "manufactured" and a "bogus figure.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: February 16, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: a blog posting
Fact-check justification: Pocan says the deficit problem is about half what Walker claims. Walker will surely knock down the spending increases requested by state agencies, to bring costs in line with revenue. But Walker is following the rules and traditions of the shortfall-prediction game, and outside experts say his figure is realistic as a measure of the challenge he faces. And Pocan hurts his cause by not having read the latest shortfall estimate report by Walker’s top aides. We rate Pocan’s statement .
Statement: A video shows a real angel in the sky in Palestine.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 15, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  Another posted in January appears to show the people pointing at horses in the sky.   There are more scenarios featuring the same people pointing with different images in the clouds, among other scenes of fantastic apparitions in different places. Some of the videos reuse the same audio and the same images of people, animals and buildings materializing amid the clouds.   It’s creative, but isn’t real. We rate claims that this video shows people reacting to the real appearance of a supposed angel in the sky in Palestine .
Statement: Says the University of Missouri "has been cleared of involvement" in academic fraud involving student athletes.
Speaker: vicky hartzler
About the speaker: Rep. Vicky Hartzler, R-Mo., represents Missouri's fourth district. She was first elected to the House of Representatives in 1994.
Date: February 1, 2019
Location: missouri
Topics: education;sports
Context: a claim on Facebook and Twitter
Fact-check justification: Hartzler said MU was cleared of involvement in the NCAA case. The NCAA did not specifically say MU administrators were involved in the case, as Swick noted. However, experts pointed out that due to the sanctions MU faces, the university was still not given the ultimate all-clear as Hartzler said in her original statement. The NCAA still believed MU held the responsibility to monitor its staff, resulting in the sanctions. Because of the missing context, we rate Hartzler’s statement .
Statement: Alaska Sens. Lisa Murkowski and Mark Begich "vote as much as 80 percent of the time together.
Speaker: mark begich
About the speaker: U.S. Sen. Mark Begich is a Democrat from Alaska. He was elected in November 2008.
Date: July 14, 2014
Location: national
Topics: bipartisanship;voting record
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: A Begich campaign radio ad said, "Lisa Murkowski and Mark Begich vote as much as 80 percent of the time together." We found they had voted together 80 percent of the time. However, this statistic is based on the last six months, and Begich has served with Murkowski since 2009. The pair does, though, have a history of voting together more often than not -- about 60 percent of all votes since 2009 -- and the ad said "as much as 80 percent." We rate this  .
Statement: The 2000 Census cost $4.5 billion. The 2010 Census is set to cost up to $14.5 billion.
Speaker: glenn beck
About the speaker: Glenn Beck is the host of The Glenn Beck Program, a nationally syndicated talk-radio show. He also hosts an Internet-based TV show. Beck formerly hosted a television talk show on CNN Headline News and then Fox News.
Date: June 7, 2010
Location: national
Topics: census;pundits
Context: his Fox News program
Fact-check justification: But when you balance the cost to account for inflation and the fact that there were more homes to count, the increased cost was just under 60 percent. The Census Bureau also works differently than it did in past decades. For one, it now does an annual American Community Survey. Those kinds of details are important for an apples-to-apples comparison. And so we rate Beck's statement .
Statement: Says Sen. Kay Hagan "has missed half of the (Senate Armed Services) Committee's hearings in 2014.
Speaker: thom tillis
About the speaker: Thom Tillis is a Republican who serves as U.S. Senator from North Carolina.
Date: September 30, 2014
Location: national
Topics: congress;corrections and updates;message machine 2014;voting record
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Tillis said that Hagan "has missed half of the (Senate Armed Services) Committee's hearings in 2014." We don’t know the number of closed meetings she attended, so it’s more accurate to say that Hagan missed half of the committee’s public hearings. Still, Tillis has a point — in 2014, Hagan attended nine of the 22 open hearings, which is not only below half but which also ranked near the bottom among committee members. The comment is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it . Update , Oct. 3, 2014, 11:00 a.m.: This version of the story reflects additional information about why Hagan was unable to attend the Feb. 11 Senate Armed Services Committee meeting and about her schedule on Feb. 27. The additional information does not affect the ruling, which remains .
Statement: Says Joe Sestak "voted to gut Medicare ... reducing benefits for 854,489 seniors" and jeopardizing "access to care for millions.
Speaker: crossroads gps
About the speaker: Crossroads GPS is a conservative advocacy group founded by prominent Republicans, including former White House political adviser Karl Rove.
Date: September 20, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: So let's recap. The ad is on fairly safe ground in suggesting that Pennsylvania's 854,489 seniors on Medicare Advantage will see a decline in benefits, but it ignores the fact that no basic benefits will be cut. Meanwhile, the ad uses what we consider overheated language. The changes set in motion by the new law don't strike us, or several experts we spoke to, as ones that will "gut" the program or "jeopardize access to care for millions." So we rate the ad .
Statement: Barack Obama supports plans to raise "income taxes ... payroll taxes.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: September 3, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: St. Paul, Minn
Fact-check justification: So for higher incomes, Obama would raise payroll taxes. Palin is painting Obama's proposals with a broad brush and not including crucial context. Obama does intend to increase taxes. But most people have incomes of less than $200,000, and these people would not see income tax increases or payroll tax increases under Obama's plan. We rate Palin's statement .
Statement: Georgia legislation on immigration is a "copycat" of an Arizona immigration bill.
Speaker: georgia association of latino elected officials
About the speaker: Georgia Association of Latino Elected Officials is based in Atlanta. They aim to increase the presence of Latinos in politics and address the needs of the community. 
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: immigration
Context: an email newsletter
Fact-check justification: But Georgia’s bill won’t avoid Arizona’s troubles entirely. Important issues remain unresolved, and critics are watching closely. If the bill passes as is, Georgia’s in for a fight.    GALEO’s statement is accurate but does not acknowledge important details about efforts to make HB 87 constitutional. We therefore rule GALEO’s statement .
Statement: President Obama has never received a paycheck from a profitmaking business in his entire life.
Speaker: joe scarborough
About the speaker: Joe Scarborough, a former Republican congressman from Florida, is the host of "Morning Joe" on MSNBC. He is a lawyer with Beggs and Lane, the oldest firm in Florida and a former publisher and editor of "The Florida Sun," a newspaper.
Date: April 7, 2009
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;pundits
Context: a discussion on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: We understand the point that the most well-known part of Obama's work history is in positions outside the private sector, but Scarborough was absolute in his declaration. "Not one check," from a for-profit enterprise, he said. We like Joe. He's hosted segments on PolitiFact. But this  is .
Statement: Every year the average woman loses around $11,000 to the wage gap," which amounts to "a $500,000 vagina tax" over her working career.
Speaker: sarah silverman
About the speaker: Sarah Silverman is a comedian, writer, actress and activist for liberal causes. 
Date: October 8, 2014
Topics: income;women;punditfact
Context: a video for the National Women's Law Center
Fact-check justification: Silverman said, "Every year the average woman loses around $11,000 to the wage gap," which amounts to "a $500,000 vagina tax" over her working career. A bulletproof number to illustrate the gender gap remains elusive, and Silverman’s "vagina tax" is a lifetime estimate based on a one-year average. The economists we spoke to were leery of the $11,000 figure, to a point, and similarly leery of the math to reach $500,000. There are just too many variables to describe the lifetime income-earning potential of "the average woman." That said, most experts say a pay gap does exist, though it’s smaller when you compare workers with similar experience and education. It’s just that pinpointing specific numbers is problematic. Silverman’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: A black woman in New York City is 12 times more likely to die in childbirth than a white woman.
Speaker: kirsten gillibrand
About the speaker: Kirsten Gillibrand is a senator from New York. Gillibrand was appointed as senator in 2009 to fill Hillary Clinton’s vacated seat, as Clinton became U.S. Secretary of State under Barack Obama. Gillibrand won a special election in 2010 to retain her senate seat and won re-elections in 2012 and 2018. From 2007 to 2009, she served as the representative of New York’s 20th Congressional District. Gillibrand received a bachelor’s degree in Asian Studies from Dartmouth College and a J.D. from UCLA School of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in August.
Date: February 7, 2019
Location: new york
Topics: health care;public health
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Gillibrand said that in New York City, a black woman is 12 times as likely to die in childbirth than a white woman. Data analysis from the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene show that black women are 12 times as likely to die from pregnancy-related causes than white women during pregnancy or within one year of the end of pregnancy. Because the researchers use a broader timeframe for analyzing pregnancy-related deaths than just during "childbirth," Gillibrand’s characterization needs more context. We rate Gililbrand’s statement .
Statement: There is a big correlation between third grade reading level and whether you go to college or whether you go to prison. And in Florida right now only 56 percent of kids are coming out of third grade at third grade reading level.
Speaker: jeff greene
About the speaker: Jeff Greene, a wealthy businessman from Palm Beach, lost the Democratic primary for Florida governor in August 2018. He campaigned for the U.S. Senate and was defeated in the Democratic primary on Aug. 24, 2010.
Date: July 29, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: education;crime
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Greene said, "There is a big correlation between third grade reading level and whether you go to college or whether you go to prison. And in Florida right now only 56 percent of kids are coming out of third grade at third grade reading level." Studies have shown that there are correlations between elementary school reading proficiency, high school graduation, and college attendance. There are also studies which show a correlation between high school dropout rates and incarceration. However, experts say that you can’t assume a direct correlation between reading scores and prison rates based on this data alone. Greene claimed that "there is a big correlation between third grade reading level … and whether you go to prison." This might be , but we cannot know for sure. In addition, the results from the 2018 administration of the Florida Standards Assessments show that only 57 percent of third graders pass the reading test at or above grade level. So Greene is correct on that point. We rate this  .
Statement: I'll tell you what I can tell this country: If they want a president who doesn't believe in God, there's probably plenty of choices.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: June 5, 2007
Location: national
Topics: religion
Context: Manchester, N.H
Fact-check justification: But the major candidates have all professed a belief in God and in fact most of them have made their faith in God an apparent element of their campaigns. John Edwards said during a CNN candidates' forum that he has "a deep and abiding love for my Lord, Jesus Christ," while Hillary Clinton said prayer helped her weather her husband's infidelity. Barack Obama is a prominent member of Chicago's Trinity United Church of Christ. Among Republicans, Mitt Romney, a Mormon, said during the Republican debate, "I believe in God, believe in the Bible, believe Jesus Christ is my savior." John McCain's campaign created a commercial where McCain speaks into the camera about his faith in God.
Statement: Now, there was a time when someone like Scalia and Ginsburg got 95-plus votes.
Speaker: lindsey graham
About the speaker: Lindsey Graham is a U.S. senator from South Carolina. He was a candidate for the Republican nominee for president in 2016.
Date: July 13, 2009
Location: national
Topics: sotomayor nomination;supreme court
Context: a Senate hearing
Fact-check justification: Reagan appointee Robert Bork, for example, lost a 42-58 Senate confirmation vote amid much partisan rancor in 1987. Obama was then a community organizer in Chicago. Here, though, we're checking if Graham was right that Scalia and Ginsburg were confirmed by such large margins. They were. We rate Graham's statement .
Statement: Do you know those former Soviet Bloc countries have all moved to flat taxes?
Speaker: rob woodall
About the speaker: Rod Woodall, a Republican, is the U.S. Representative for Georgia's 7th Congressional District.
Date: April 16, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Woodall’s Fair Tax would tax sales, which is a different conversation. So Woodall was mistaken when he said all "Soviet Bloc" countries have embraced the flat tax. Many former communist countries, however, have adopted flat taxes, which was his larger point. We rate the congressman’s  .    Staff writer Karishma Mehrotra contributed to this article.
Statement: Quotes Bernie Sanders as saying, "Christianity is an insult to Muslims.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 31, 2019
Topics: religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: ( Which he did , but with a tally of 49-49, Vice President Mike Pence’s tie-breaking vote pushed Vought through.) Various media outlets reported on the exchange, and some condemned Sanders' comments as a religious test for public office, which is barred in the U.S. Constitution ( Article VI ). But, eventually, Sanders' words became twisted to suggest he was referencing Christianity as a whole, when he was specifically speaking about Vought’s statement. Though some may interpret Sanders words as an attack on the entire religion, he did not say, "Christianity is an insult to Muslims." We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Doug Jones "has voted to spend our tax dollars on late-term abortions" and "supports abortion up until birth.
Speaker: tommy tuberville
About the speaker: Former college football coach Tommy Tuberville, in his first run for public office, became the Republican nominee for a U.S. Senate seat from Alabama in the 2020 election. He was elected to the U.S. Senate later that year.
Date: October 8, 2020
Topics: abortion;federal budget;health care
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Tuberville said Jones "has voted to spend our tax dollars on late-term abortions" and "supports abortion up until birth." Neither part of the  is accurate.  Jones voted against advancing a bill that would tighten existing limits on federal funding for abortion and add new restrictions, but he supports the Hyde Amendment — which prohibits the use of federal funds for abortions, except in cases of rape or incest, or if the pregnancy is determined to endanger the woman’s life — as it stands.  He says he opposes "late-term" abortions, except for instances of rape, or incest or to save the mother’s life — the same exceptions as in the Hyde Amendment. We rate the  . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: (Republicans) have the power to overturn the (state of emergency) order by joint resolution and they refuse to do it.
Speaker: chris larson
About the speaker: Chris Larson, a Milwaukee Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin state Senate in November 2010. A former member of the Milwaukee County Board, he is a candidate for Milwaukee County executive in 2016.
Date: September 23, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Larson said in a tweet that the Republicans who control the Legislature "have the power to overturn the order by joint resolution and they refuse to do it." That’s correct. Republicans have the majority in both houses and the power under state statute. Whatever the reason, they have not acted to end the governor’s state of emergency and accompanying mask mandate. We rate this  .