chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The Greenlight Pinellas 1-cent sales tax "is permanent, we never get to vote on this again.
Speaker: no tax for tracks
About the speaker: No Tax For Tracks is a community organization in Pinellas County created to oppose budget increases for the Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority.
Date: September 30, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: transportation;taxes
Context: an email newsletter
Fact-check justification: No Tax For Tracks said the Greenlight Pinellas 1-cent sales tax "is permanent, we never get to vote on this again." There is no clause or provision in the proposal that allows for another vote. However, saying the tax is "permanent" also goes too far. While it is certainly likely that the sales tax would be in place for the foreseeable future if passed, the tax has a review clause set for 50 years from now. The long time frame is because the taxes are dedicated to paying for major long-term construction projects like light rail. As to whether the county commission would ever bring the question back to voters, it’s improbable but not impossible. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Bergen County in New Jersey gave more votes to the Democratic gubernatorial candidate after all the ballots were counted.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 3, 2021
Location: new jersey
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: After early voting results were finalized on Nov. 3, the results on the website were updated again.   The Associated Press has called the race for Murphy , but the county’s election results are still unofficial until the election is certified.   Clearly, some people have been confused by the county’s method for presenting its election results. But it’s not  of fraud, and 40,000 weren’t "found" — they were counted.   We rate claims that Bergen County fraudulently gave more votes to Murphy than Ciattarelli after all ballots were counted .
Statement: Says Joe Biden has plans to ban animal agriculture and gas-powered cars.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 14, 2020
Location: iowa
Topics: agriculture;energy
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: We’ve concluded that Ernst’s and Trump’s claims that Biden would eliminate animal agriculture and gas powered cars if elected president aren’t  because Biden has never endorsed the Green New Deal legislation as written. And, while Biden says he agrees with some basic principles of the legislation, the resolution would not eliminate animal agriculture or gas-powered cars. Our ruling is . Sabine Martin contributed to this report.
Statement: The ocean is "flat" and "contained" by land features that jut up from a flat (not spherical) earth.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 20, 2023
Topics: science;facebook fact-checks
Context: an image
Fact-check justification: A Facebook page promoting flat Earth conspiracy theories claimed that the ocean is "flat" and "contained" by land features that jut up from a flat (not spherical) earth. Sea level is uneven across the planet. Several factors influence the ocean’s varied topography, including underwater mountains, underwater cliffs and undersea currents.  The ocean is held in place by Earth’s gravity, which pulls it down toward the planet’s center.  We rate this  .
Statement: The people who were running the budget, in the Corzine years, decided to steal from the unemployment trust fund. … As did other Governors before. We simply don't do that, haven't done it, and won't permit it.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: March 25, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: taxes
Context: an answer to a caller on NJ 101.5's "Ask The Governor" program
Fact-check justification: Christie said, "The people who were running the budget, in the Corzine years, decided to steal from the unemployment trust fund. … As did other Governors before. We simply don’t do that, haven’t done it, and won’t permit it." The governor’s  contains an element of , that other administrations have diverted money from the fund, but his hasn’t. The reason? State law now forbids such diversions – something he didn’t say. Although Christie was speaking colloquially about ‘stealing’ from the fund, he was  when he pegged diversions to the Corzine administration. The last time such a diversion occurred was when Codey was interim governor. We rate Christie’s statement . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says "nearly half of Oregon's children are poor.
Speaker: jim francesconi
About the speaker: Jim Francesconi is a member of the Oregon State Board of Higher Education.
Date: August 7, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: poverty
Context: an opinion article
Fact-check justification: In fact, if you use federal definitions for poverty, about a quarter are poor and another quarter are low-income. But experts tell us that families that are described as low-income still struggle to meet their basic needs and, for all intents and purposes, qualify as poor. Be that as it may, Francesconi was referencing a report that used the federal definitions. As such, his statement leaves out important details and we, too, think it would have been better to say "poor and low income." We rate this  .
Statement: In 2008, candidate Barack Obama attacked John McCain for proposing cuts to Medicare.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: August 26, 2012
Location: national
Topics: medicare;message machine 2012
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Romney’s new ad says "candidate Barack Obama attacked John McCain for proposing cuts to Medicare." That's an accurate description of what Obama said. We rate Romney's  .
Statement: More than 40 percent of sales nationally are made without background checks.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: January 26, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: guns
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: U.S. Rep. Cicilline said that more than 40 percent of gun sales nationally are made without background check. Cicilline accurately quoted a figure that comes from a 15-year-old study, based on data that’s almost 20 years old. Clearly, many gun sales are made without background checks. There’s no current, reliable data to estimate what percentage of sales are made that way and experts disagree on whether the 40-percent figure is still valid. We rate Cicilline’s statement   . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Dallas "African-American and Hispanic students pass AP exams at a higher rate than any other place in America.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: February 17, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Abbott said Dallas "African-American and Hispanic students pass AP exams at a higher rate than any other place in America." That’s an overly broad recap of research indicating that such students in Dallas passed math and science AP exams at a better clip than peers in more than 15 districts nationally with like demographics. This conclusion, that is, didn’t sweep in every AP test nor did it extend to the Dallas students outpacing students everywhere else. On balance, we rate Abbott’s statement .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.
Statement: Adam Laxalt "wants to restrict" and "worked to limit access to birth control.
Speaker: catherine cortez masto
About the speaker: Catherine Cortez Masto was elected to the U.S. Senate in November 2016 in Nevada. She previously served two terms as Nevada's Attorney General.
Date: June 14, 2022
Location: nevada
Topics: health care;government regulation;women;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Cortez Masto said Laxalt "wants to restrict" and "worked to limit access to birth control." As Nevada’s attorney general, Laxalt supported efforts that would have reduced access to birth control. We did not find that he has made any statements since 2018 on restricting access. We rate the statement . PolitiFact staff researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. RELATED: Fact-checking ads in the 2022 campaigns RELATED: What would state laws look like in a post-Roe world? RELATED: The race for the Nevada Senate seat: A guide
Statement: Photo shows Democratic protesters who "stormed the U.S. Capitol in 2018.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 4, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an image
Fact-check justification: Unlike the Jan. 6 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol, the 2011 protests were largely peaceful .   Watch more footage of the demonstrations below: In 2018, hundreds of people protesting Kavanaugh’s confirmation were arrested after gathering in Senate buildings and galleries, including the Russell Senate Office Building rotunda. Others were charged with "crowding, obstructing, or incommoding" the East Front steps of the Capitol building. But a photo Nugent relies on to show that Democrats "stormed" the U.S. Capitol doesn’t show any of that. We rate it .
Statement: A New York election results map is evidence of fraud.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 10, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: These numbers are identical to a breakdown of how each county voted in the governor’s race on the New York State Board of Elections  website showing unofficial election results. Zeldin initially refused to concede because he said there were too many uncounted ballots and he expected Hochul’s lead to narrow. But he congratulated Hochul on her win the morning after Election Day, saying , "There’s no way that we would have been able to get this close to 50% without being able to successfully connect with so many people who have in the past voted Democrat." We don’t know why the map in the video in the Instagram post shows identical vote counts for the candidates in multiple counties, but that didn’t reflect the race’s  results and it’s not  of fraud.   We rate that  .
Statement: Lindsey Graham endorsed Charlie Crist for U.S. Senate.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: September 8, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: postings on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Bishop included a helpful timeline explaining Graham's one-time support for Crist. Graham endorsed the Republican version of Crist back in 2009, but yanked that support when Crist announced he was leaving the party. The old endorsement came back to haunt Graham, and Crist, on Twitter. But don't be fooled. We rate it !
Statement: Says Scott Walker "has cut more from public education than he's put back in, obviously. He took $1.6 billion and some change away and then puts back $630 million and he's calling that progress.
Speaker: mahlon mitchell
About the speaker: Mahlon Mitchell has served as president of the Professional Fire Fighters of Wisconsin union since January 2011. A Democrat, he lost to Republican Lt. Gov. Rebecca Kleefisch in Wisconsin's June 2012 recall elections. In November 2017, he announced his candidacy for governor in the 2018 election.
Date: June 19, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: So, that was not a cut, but it did curtail how much additional money school districts could raise on their own. On actual state funding of schools, Walker did cut about $784 million with his first state budget. But he has been adding back funding with each of his subsequent budgets, to the tune of about $1 billion in total. Mitchell’s statement contains an element of , but mixes apples and oranges and ignores facts that would give a different impression. Our rating is .
Statement: For more than 30 years after World War II, there was a steady reduction in U.S. debt as a percentage of gross domestic product.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: May 20, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;economy
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: It increased fairly consistently to its current level of roughly $14.3 trillion on April 30, 2011. Let’s review. McDonnell said that since the end of World War II, the national debt as a percentage of GDP went down over a roughly 30-year period until the 1980s. McDonnell is correct that the debt, when measured as a percentage of the country’s GDP, was on a downward trajectory during that time. We rate his  .
Statement: Charges on the Republican Party of Florida credit card were made with "my money.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: March 4, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography;elections
Context: an interview with Fox News
Fact-check justification: To recap, Rubio said the charges were made with "my money." There is some  on both sides. On one hand, Rubio is able to document that he made payments to American Express for some items that he declared to be personal. That supports his contention that it was his money. But the fact that there were purchases that appear to be personal, and were paid for by the Republican Party, undercuts his . And although the card was under his name, American Express says that in general -- as long as a cardholder isn't violating the rules set out by the company -- it is the company (in this case the party) that is liable for the charges. And the cardholder (in this case Rubio) won't have his credit rating affected if the bill is not paid on time. So there's little  that it was "his money," but more that it was really the party's. We rate his  . Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: The rate in which people are working (in Wisconsin) is almost five points higher than it is nationally.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: August 6, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;labor;states
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Wisconsin has topped that figure in 24 of the past 38 years. Our rating In the debate, Walker said "the rate in which people are working (in Wisconsin) is almost five points higher than it is nationally." He’s right on the numbers, but the same statement could have been  had it been made by any of his seven immediate predecessors, Republican and Democrat. That important bit of context was missing from his . We rate it .
Statement: Since 2011, we have documentation of 1,671 dead bodies we have recovered in Texas, many in Brooks County.
Speaker: dan patrick
About the speaker: As a Houston state senator, Dan Patrick won election as lieutenant governor of Texas in November 2014 after earlier defeating incumbent David Dewhurst for his party's nomination. Patrick also has hosted a daily talk show on AM700 in Houston.
Date: April 16, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: border security
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Patrick said, "Since 2011, we have documentation of 1,671 dead bodies we have recovered in Texas, many of them in Brooks County." U.S. Border Patrol has recorded this many deaths since 2011 in Texas and even more along the entire border. The number of recorded deaths has been declining in recent years. These deaths do not paint an accurate picture of the number of migrants dying as they attempt to enter the country — the real number is likely much higher. But Patrick’s  is right. Just 1,671 bodies have been documented in Texas and many of them are from Brooks County. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing.
Statement: We spend less on defense today as % of GDP than at any time since Pearl Harbor.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: July 20, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: federal budget
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: That’s a firm statement, but since the Cold War ended, and in a few other years as well, the percent of GDP used for defense has been consistently lower than current spending levels. Further, experts say the concept is highly . Gingrich gets our lowest rating on this one. . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/eb4f23c2-73ca-401b-a074-f0e112a9968a
Statement: Some neighborhood schools are closing.
Speaker: texas house democratic caucus
About the speaker: The Texas House Democratic Caucus has 49 members.
Date: May 18, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The school board is not expected to take action on closures until the fall. To the -O-Meter: In their statement, the Democratic legislators indicated that some neighborhood schools would close as a result of state budget cuts. Guess that depends on your definition of "some." The House Democratic caucus sent us a list of more than 90 schools, but we could find only seven — out of thousands across the state — that will shut their doors because the Legislature is reducing education aid. We rate the Democrats’ statement .
Statement: Let's pay attention to kids who are not going to college, which ends up being about 60 percent of the kids... and get them trained for the jobs that are there. Because, you know, there are auto mechanic jobs paying $50,000, $60,000 that they can't get filled. There are airline mechanic jobs paying a lot of money that can't get filled." Remarks at AFSCME forum 6/19/2007
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: August 21, 2007
Location: national
Topics: economy
Fact-check justification: She also is correct that the automobile and airline industries are facing significant mechanic shortages. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that there will be 34,000 unfilled jobs for auto mechanics and 4,000 for airline technicians each year through 2014. However, she  the pay that graduates of vocational schools can expect to earn in these professions. An auto mechanic earning $50,000 to $60,000 would be in the 90th percentile of earnings for that occupation, according to government data. The average salary for an auto technician is $32,450; for an airline mechanic it's $45,290.