chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says the White House nativity scene was removed by the Obamas and "is back in the White House thanks to First Lady Melania Trump.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 23, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts say the Obamas banned the display of the White House’s famous nativity scene throughout the years and credit First Lady Melania Trump for bringing it back. This is a long-standing hoax that tends to resurface during the holidays. There was no break for the White House nativity. The Obamas continued the tradition of showcasing the nativity scene in the East Room, according to previous news releases, archives, fact-checks and photo . A Trump administration release also notes that the scene has been on display for over 50 years, since it was donated in 1967. We rate this  .
Statement: President Joe Biden withdrew troops from Afghanistan "simply because of Trump Derangement Syndrome and they wanted to reverse any policy that Trump had implemented.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 27, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;military
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: The posts said "the reason why Biden wanted to withdraw troops so quickly from Afghanistan ... was simply because of Trump Derangement Syndrome and they wanted to reverse any policy that Trump had implemented." In reality, Trump set the U.S. troop removal in motion and Biden continued on that path. Biden could have reversed the Trump policy by declaring an open-ended U.S. commitment to stay in Afghanistan, but he didn’t. We rate the statement .
Statement: Carbon dioxide is not "a primary contributor to the global warming that we see.
Speaker: scott pruitt
About the speaker: Scott Pruitt is administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, since February 2017. Before that, he was the state attorney general for Oklahoma.
Date: March 9, 2017
Location: national
Topics: climate change;energy
Context: an interview on CNBC
Fact-check justification: Pruitt said carbon dioxide is not "a primary contributor to the global warming that we see." The prevailing scientific consensus is that human production of carbon dioxide since the Industrial Revolution is a leading cause of climate change. Some scientists may quibble over how much of the change can be attributed specifically to carbon dioxide, but there is no doubt that it plays an important role. We rate Pruitt’s  .
Statement: Nancy Pelosi gave "$30,000 … to boost @LizMathis1's campaign
Speaker: ashley hinson
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Ashley Hinson is a Republican who represents Iowa’s 1st Congressional District.
Date: October 18, 2022
Location: iowa
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Ashley Hinson said Nancy Pelosi has donated $30,000 to support Liz Mathis. Pelosi has donated $4,000 to Mathis’ campaign, plus another $30,000 to a separate entity with the exclusive role of electing Mathis. We rate the statement .
Statement: Charlottesville car attacker is anti-Trump Antifa supporter.
Speaker: puppetstringnews.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: August 12, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: an Internet post
Fact-check justification: PuppetStringNews.com said, "Charlottesville Car attacker is anti-Trump Antifa supporter." Most importantly, the car used in the incident is registered to the man currently in custody, not Vangheluwe. The site made the implication based on Vangheluwe’s social media posts, but a closer look revealed that even those posts didn’t reveal very much. We pored over the examples PuppetStringNews.com cited and looked through Vangheluwe’s public profiles. There was  Vangheluwe did not support Trump, which his lawyer confirmed, but there was nothing to suggest he was a destructive radical bent on violence. We rate this  !
Statement: The United States is the leading nation in the world "with the highest amount of doubt about the conventional wisdom of climate change.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: July 22, 2014
Topics: environment;climate change;polls and public opinion;punditfact
Context: comments on his radio show
Fact-check justification: The ruling Limbaugh said that the United States is "the leading nation with the highest amount of doubt about the conventional wisdom of climate change." While he cites an exact figure reported by Ipsos MORI, the study itself doesn’t capture the belief of general populations, only those with an Internet connection. Other polls we looked at indicate that a good proportion of developing countries have higher rates of doubt. But among peers, the United States is one of the most -- if not, the most -- skeptical when it comes to believing climate change has human factors. We rate Limbaugh’s  .
Statement: Video shows Sen. Ted Cruz asking the Supreme Court to file charges against an aide to Attorney General Merrick Garland.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 15, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) The video does not show Cruz asking the court to charge an aide to Attorney General Merrick Garland. Rather, it shows an April 19 Senate Judiciary Hearing at which Deputy Attorney General Lisa O. Monaco testified. On his own YouTube channel, Cruz described the moment in a video title as showing him criticizing Monaco "over left-wing partisan bias when enforcing the law. "  We rate claims the video shows him asking the Supreme Court to file criminal charges against her .
Statement: I think President Trump came out four times and condemned" Nick Fuentes.
Speaker: kevin mccarthy
About the speaker: Kevin McCarthy, who was first elected in 2006, is a Republican member of Congress representing a district in California. McCarthy was elected as House Speaker in January 2023.
Date: November 29, 2022
Topics: race and ethnicity
Context: remarks to reporters outside the White House
Fact-check justification: McCarthy said, "I think President Trump came out four times and condemned" Nick Fuentes. Trump made at least four statements during the previous week in which he addressed his controversial dinner with Ye and Fuentes. However, his references to Fuentes were in passing, mainly to say he had not known who he was. In none of the four statements did he condemn Fuentes. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Listerine mouthwash can be effectively used as a mosquito repellant.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 30, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed Listerine was an effective mosquito repellent. Similar claims point to the essential oils contained in Listerine as the source of its bug-fighting powers. While the CDC considers oil of lemon eucalyptus an effective repellent, it found that the concentration of the oil must be at least 10% in order to provide even limited protection. The concentrations of the oils used in Listerine are less than 1%. We can’t say the scenario described at the party never happened. But we can say that science doesn’t approve this method to keep mosquitoes away. We rate this  .
Statement: Walmart stores are being converted to FEMA camps to imprison Americans.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 28, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) The post’s video clips are speculative and provide no  that Walmarts are being converted into FEMA camps to imprison Americans. We found no news stories or other credible sources to corroborate their claims.   Randy Hargrove, a Walmart spokesperson, told PolitiFact there is "no  to what was posted. "  We rate this post .
Statement: A recent study found "that cities where Uber operates have 3.6%-5.6% fewer drunk driving deaths than cities without access to ridesharing.
Speaker: uber
About the speaker: Uber is a ride-sharing service with providers in many cities including Austin.
Date: November 28, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: economy;transportation
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Uber claims a Temple University study "found that cities where Uber operates have 3.6%-5.6% fewer drunk driving deaths than cities without access to ridesharing." But the study looked only at California cities. Two national studies found the service had no effect on drunken-driving deaths. We rate this  as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/8a8eac1c-9506-4ee8-b3a1-a931bff1791e
Statement: Says a photo shows Michelle Obama as a man prior to marrying Barack Obama.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 27, 2021
Location: national
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Plenty of other images of Michelle Obama in her childhood, adolescence and womanhood further debunk this , including many photos that she’s posted to her own Instagram page. For example, a throwback photo of her as a student at Princeton University went viral. This isn’t the first time that this photo of the Obamas has been doctored. — On Oct. 12, 2020, Lead Stories reported that Michelle Obama’s face had been altered in another way to appear masculine.   This post is !
Statement: We're … getting into the pool of the 100 million people that are not working. That pool is now coming back.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: December 6, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a cabinet meeting
Fact-check justification: Trump said that "we’re … getting into the pool of the 100 million people that are not working. That pool is now coming back." The statistics that shine the most direct light on working-age Americans support Trump’s point. Both the working-age employment-to-population ratio and the U-6 expanded unemployment rate have improved on Trump’s watch. It’s worth noting that they also improved during Obama’s final year, so Trump was fortunate to take office at a time when the economy was already going in the right direction. But the scale of the increase has been bigger under Trump. We rate this statement .
Statement: When was the last time you saw a Chevrolet in Japan? It doesn't exist, folks.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 16, 2015
Location: national
Topics: economy;transportation
Context: his presidential announcement speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said Chevrolet cars in Tokyo don’t exist. Literally, that’s not . Chevy sells cars in Japan. However, Chevy sales are more like a trickle compared to the flood of Japanese brands in the market. A journalist who covers the auto industry in Japan told us visitors would not likely see a Chevy during their stay in Japan. Trump has a point here, but he should have used different words to make it. We rate his  .
Statement: Says Joe Biden played N.W.A.'s "F--- Tha Police" during an event in Florida.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 16, 2020
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;pop culture
Context: a pair of tweets
Fact-check justification: "F--- Tha Police" surged on music streaming platforms following the May killing by police of George Floyd in Minneapolis, according to Rolling Stone.    The song was also controversial at the time of its release. Radio stations banned it, and the FBI wrote a letter to Priority Records, which distributed N.W.A.’s music, the Daily Beast reported . That said, Biden didn’t play it in Florida. We rate Trump’s retweets !
Statement: Says the stimulus bill sent tax credits overseas, such as "half a billion to an electric car company that created hundreds of jobs in Finland.
Speaker: americans for prosperity
About the speaker: Americans for Prosperity is a conservative group advocates for limited government, free markets and fiscal and regulatory restraint.
Date: April 26, 2012
Location: national
Topics: environment;corporations;energy;message machine 2012;stimulus
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: An ad from Americans for Prosperity starts with an image of Obama and says the stimulus bill sent tax credits overseas, such as "half a billion to an electric car company that created hundreds of jobs in Finland." The reality: Half a billion in loans from a Bush-era program were approved for Fisker Automotive. But they weren’t tax credits, weren’t part of the stimulus bill, and didn’t go to Finland. And so far, the company has only gotten $190 million in those loans, far less than the half a billion. Instead, the U.S. company spent a third of the money on U.S. engineering of a new electric vehicle. It chose to manufacture the car in Finland, without U.S. help. Another two-thirds of the loan, which it may or may not get, will go toward retooling a shuttered GM plant in Delaware.   The ad strings together disparate statements to tell a concocted story. The result is simply .
Statement: Says State Rep. Kristi Thibaut was an ACORN lobbyist.
Speaker: republican party of texas
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Texas says it promotes a conservative government philosophy in the Lone Star state.
Date: August 31, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "We've never hid from this." In an e-mail, Murray suggested the GOP attack is a red herring: "This is a real stretch to equate her work here in Texas, where ACORN was never, to my knowledge, implicated in any 'fraud,' with the salacious accusations leveled at the organization in other states." There was no  of ACORN-driven voter registration fraud in Harris Country — Thibaut's home turf — according to a October 2008 Houston Chronicle article. So, Thibaut lobbied for ACORN, as the GOP tweet says and her campaign acknowledges, though the linked web video associates Thibaut with ACORN's voter-registration fraud and tax evasion issues; there's no  of Thibaut having a connection to such activities. Far as it goes, the GOP statement we reviewed is .
Statement: Our National Guard, as we saw in the Midwest flooding, can't function as effectively as it could. I was talking to National Guard representatives. Fifteen of their 17 helicopters in this region were overseas during the flooding.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 25, 2008
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Context: Chicago
Fact-check justification: "The exact data point on helicopters that was relayed to Senator Obama was off, but the sentiment behind his statement was correct – that the Iraq war is overstretching our national guard," Vietor wrote. We're not sure exactly what "region" Obama was referring to, but the numbers for the states affected by flooding don't match up at all. We understand Obama's larger point, and explore it in this story about the readiness of the National Guard. But he chose a terrible example in the Midwest floods to illustrate that larger point. The fact is his facts , so we say .
Statement: Federal border officials are allowing undocumented immigrants who are "known criminals who possess an arrest warrant to fly on U.S. aircraft (which) threatens our homeland security.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: February 4, 2022
Topics: immigration;border security
Context: News release
Fact-check justification: Indeed, there is no reason to think the target of a criminal arrest warrant would be given a copy of such a warrant, much less carry it with him or herself. What’s more, under the process officials have already established an individual’s identity and determined they are not a threat or a flight risk. That said, a memo from the TSA administrator includes a document labeled "Warrant for Arrest of Alien" on a list of acceptable paperwork. So, there is at least an element of  to the matter. That fits our definition of .
Statement: The Georgia Secretary of State's Office and the Georgia State Elections Board investigate and penalize hundreds of people guilty of election fraud.
Speaker: brian kemp
About the speaker: Brian Kemp, a Republican, was elected governor of Georgia in 2018. Previously, he served as secretary of state.
Date: June 24, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: editorials and op-ed articles
Fact-check justification: The 2010 total we calculated of people who had cases before the board was about the same as what Carrothers told us. Some 2009 board public orders were not on the state’s website. From the information we’ve seen and what Kemp’s office shared with us, it appears Kemp’s office has investigated and penalized at least 200 people each of the past three years. That does qualify as "hundreds" as Kemp says. Our rating: .
Statement: Beginning on Jan. 1, prostitution by minors will be legal in California.
Speaker: travis allen
About the speaker: Travis Allen is a Republican and a member of the California State Assembly, representing the Orange County area. He is a 2018 candidate for California governor.
Date: December 29, 2016
Location: california
Topics: criminal justice;crime;the 2018 california governor's race
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: California state Assemblyman Travis Allen claimed in a recent column that "Beginning on Jan. 1, prostitution by minors will be legal in California." His  profoundly distorts a new state law that treats minors engaged in commercial sex acts as victims, but does nothing to legalize prostitution. Young people under age 18 who solicit sex won’t be arrested and sent to juvenile hall. Instead, officers will have the option of taking them into temporary custody if they are in immediate danger or need medical attention. It also says officers shall report the circumstances of minors engaged in prostitution to the county child welfare agency as abuse or neglect. The law does nothing to change the fact that it is illegal to have sex with minors, solicit prostitutes or arrange clients. Allen’s specific , and the column in general, is grossly . We rate Allen’s  .   – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/0b7cdfed-8ed5-4005-8b1c-f5f4306db926
Statement: The 90 percent statistic of supporting background checks, that's been debunked.
Speaker: laura ingraham
About the speaker: Laura Ingraham is a conservative broadcaster and commentator. On April 13, 2014, she was named an ABC News contributor.
Date: January 3, 2016
Topics: polls and public opinion;punditfact;guns
Context: on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Ingraham said, "The 90 percent statistic of supporting background checks, that's been debunked." Numerous respected polls from 2015 show around 90 percent support for some sort of expanded background checks for gun purchases. While there are some questions as to what inferences can be made from these findings — such as whether that 90-percent support translates into support for specific legislation — there hasn’t been a definitive debunking of the statistic. We rate Ingraham’s  .
Statement: Says Florida Gov. Rick Scott "subtracted $1.3 billion from public schools.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: September 7, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Nelson’s campaign said in a Facebook post that "Rick Scott subtracted $1.3 billion from public schools." Nelson is repeating a familiar attack line against Scott, but this attack has become increasingly  as we get further away from Scott’s first year in office. Scott did oversee a $1.3 billion education cut, in 2011. Over the next seven years with Scott as governor, the education budget grew each year. That's severe cherry-picking. Because the statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it .
Statement: Siemens has been unable to fill approximately 200 skilled trade positions in metro Atlanta.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: economy;education;jobs
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: We emailed and called Siemens to ask why most of the listed positions were not for skilled trade workers, but we received no response. Deal spokeswoman Stephanie Mayfield said that regardless of the actual numbers, the state needs skilled workers, and the governor’s office is glad Siemens offered to work with Georgia to solve this problem.    Siemens may be struggling to fill some 200 jobs in metro Atlanta, but the overwhelming majority are not skilled trade positions as Deal claimed. They’re geared to candidates with bachelor’s or post-graduate degrees. We rule Deal’s statement .