chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Barack Obama "refuses to acknowledge Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.
Speaker: republican jewish coalition
About the speaker: The Republican Jewish Coalition is a group that seeks to serve as "bridge between the Jewish community and Republican leaders."
Date: September 24, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: israel;foreign policy
Context: an election flier
Fact-check justification: The RJC's brochure portrays that position as a betrayal of an ally. But it's a continuation of the position that previous presidents, both Democrat and Republican, have taken. Formally, the United States does not recognize any state as having sovereignty over Jerusalem. Both the state department and CIA note that Jerusalem as Israel’s capital, with a footnote attached, on their websites. On the -O-Meter, the  rates .
Statement: Crisis actor in Germany forgets he's filming on TV.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 7, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It was posted online on Feb. 4.   The people under the tarp aren’t crisis actors trying to fool people into thinking they’re dead. They’re protesters. An English translation of the chyron says "Vienna: Demo against climate policy. "  We rate this post .
Statement: Says the federal government borrows "almost $60 billion per week.
Speaker: paul broun
About the speaker: U.S. House Rep. Paul Broun, a Republican, is from Athens. He represents Georgia's 10th congressional district.
Date: April 1, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a speech before Congress
Fact-check justification: Neither comes close to $60 billion. We asked Broun’s office about the discrepancy. Broun spokeswoman Meredith Griffanti said he must have misspoke. Broun meant to say that the federal government borrows nearly $60 billion every two weeks. Since Broun got his numbers , we rate his  .
Statement: Florida's proposed Health Care Freedom Act "will allow Floridians to opt out of Obama's govt. takeover of healthcare!
Speaker: mike haridopolos
About the speaker: Mike Haridopolos, a Republican, is the president of the Florida Senate.  Haridopolos represents District 26 which spans portions of Osceola, Brevard and Indian River counties. He was elected to the state senate in 2003, and previously served in the State House of Representatives.
Date: June 29, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: health care;legal issues;states
Context: a posting on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Bottom line: All the state constitutional amendment guarantees is standing for a lawsuit against the federal government. Floridians could only "opt out" of the Affordable Care Act’s individual mandate if the U.S. Supreme Court rules against the supremacy of the federal law. That’s a major, gigantic if. There’s at least a remote enough chance that the court would rule in favor of Florida in a lawsuit, so Haridopolos’ statement doesn’t warrant a  ruling. However, it’s clearly .
Statement: The stimulus bill contains "$20 million for the removal of small to medium-sized fish passage barriers" and "$25 million to rehabilitate off-roading trails for ATVs.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: February 3, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;stimulus
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Also, the two projects combined account for not even 1 percent of the bill — more like .005 percent. Nevertheless, $45 million for most people is serious money. When he made his remarks, Pence had his facts straight on what was in the legislation — $20 million for fish-barrier removal and $25 million for off-road trails. We rule his statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/07a56563-3240-4087-a1bf-60b7abb63097
Statement: Comic strip says government study shows Head Start "has little or no impact on the children it's supposed to help.
Speaker: mallard fillmore
About the speaker: Nationally syndicated comic strip with a conservative viewpoint drawn by Bruce Tinsley. It began in 1994 and stars the eponymous duck, "a seasoned, rumpled ex-newspaper reporter" who "loves to question his colleagues' more liberal-minded views about current affairs," according to the strip's website, www.mallardfillmore.com.
Date: February 9, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: education;federal budget
Context: a syndicated cartoon
Fact-check justification: "Mallard Fillmore" said a government study shows Head Start "has little or no impact on the children it’s supposed to help." That could be an accurate description of the longer-term results -- relatively few positive outcomes and some negative ones -- measured at the end of first and third grades. Still, the Head Start children had significant advantages over their peers when they exited preschool and started kindergarten. We rate the duck’s proclamation as .
Statement: Hollywood actor Bruce Willis: 'Trump is the best US president ever, anyone who dislikes him should move to...
Speaker: the global headlines
About the speaker: This site is a blog site promoting fabricated news articles and sensationalized stories. 
Date: March 30, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a fake news blog
Fact-check justification: The Global Headlines article also says Willis is conservative. Willis has shown mixed political leanings. In 2007, he told Fox News host Bill O’Reilly that he has just as many liberal ideas as he does conservative. When looking up the quotes credited to Willis in the article, we found no credible sources that proved them to be real. We rate this .
Statement: Image shows Paul Pelosi, bruised, in a booking mugshot.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 12, 2022
Location: california
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: His court date has been set for Aug. 3 , at which time he would be arraigned if charges are filed, per the Napa County District Attorney’s Office. He was released the morning after his arrest.   Other viral misinformation relating to Pelosi’s arrest claimed that all charges had been dropped. PolitiFact rated this   . We rate this viral image showing a bruised Paul Pelosi .
Statement: Says "no, you're wrong," responding to the assertion that stop-and-frisk was ruled unconstitutional in New York.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime;supreme court
Context: Hempstead, N.Y
Fact-check justification: Responding to the assertion that stop-and-frisk was ruled unconstitutional in New York, Trump said "no, you’re ." Trump has a point that a judge’s ruling in a 2013 case did not declare stop-and-frisk as a general practice unconstitutional in New York. Stop-and-frisk is still legal and still takes place in New York and across the country. But his  ignores that a judge did decide that the manner in which New York previously conducted stop-and-frisk was unconstitutional and that her ruling still stands. Trump had argued that stop-and-frisk was working effectively in New York City to reduce crime during the time period covered by the lawsuit. Trump’s statement has an element of  but leaves out critical context that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Pending a federal waiver, the 2013 Legislature "eliminated the overtesting of students in grades 3-8 by decreasing the number of tests from 17 to 8.
Speaker: jason isaac
About the speaker: Jason Isaac was initially elected in 2010 to represent District 45 in the Texas House. He's a 2018 candidate for the U.S. House seat to be vacated by Lamar Smith, R-San Antonio.
Date: August 29, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: a published commentary
Fact-check justification: Isaac declared that lawmakers reduced state tests in grades 3-8 from 17 to 8, pending a federal waiver. Under the change in law, though, only well-performing Texas students would have faced fewer tests and even they would still have faced at least 11 exams, not 8. The approved measure left students not fulfilling performance expectations subject to 17 tests. In his commentary, Isaac waved at the need for the waiver and that students scoring well would be affected, but he mentioned these elements only after asserting that the tests were cut--period. Presenting the conditions up front would have made the  more accurate. We rate this statement, which overstates the reduced number of tests and risks the misimpression that every student would see relief, as . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Video shows Pfizer agreed to pay $2.3 billion in a health care fraud settlement involving COVID-19 vaccines.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 9, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: Instagram posts
Fact-check justification: In 2009, the U.S. Justice Department said Pfizer and its subsidiary Pharmacia & Upjohn Co. agreed to pay $2.3 billion for illegal promotion of pharmaceutical products. Pharmacia & Upjohn Co. pleaded guilty to a felony violation of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act after Pfizer promoted the sale of Bextra, an anti-inflammatory drug, for uses and dosages that the Food and Drug Administration "specifically declined to approve due to safety concerns. "  Pfizer pulled the drug from the market in 2005. The company agreed to pay a $1.195 billion criminal fine, and its subsidiary agreed to forfeit $105 million. We rate the  that the video shows Pfizer agreed to pay $2.3 billion in a health care fraud settlement involving COVID-19 vaccines .
Statement: Over three months after receiving CARES Act relief funds from the state, the county has still not made those dollars available to help struggling Mid-Missourians.
Speaker: caleb rowden
About the speaker: Caleb Rowden is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives representing District 44.
Date: September 4, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a post on Medium
Fact-check justification: Caleb Rowden said: "Over three months after receiving CARES Act relief funds from the state, the county has still not made those dollars available to help struggling Mid-Missourians."   from the Boone County Department of Health and county records back that up. We found that $2.1 million had been approved for two organizations that requested CARES Act funds. But that money had not been sent by the Boone County Commission at the time of Rowden’s post. Although it was promised, the money had not hit the bank accounts of either organization. We rate this  .
Statement: There has been "no question of our credibility from our allies around the world" regarding how the U.S. is withdrawing from Afghanistan.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: August 20, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;foreign policy;military
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: RELATED : ​​ Ask PolitiFact: What are some basic facts on the U.S. war in Afghanistan? RELATED : Joe Biden said that al-Qaida is 'gone' from Afghanistan. That’s  RELATED : Joe Biden overshoots on visas for Afghans who helped U.S. RELATED : Joe Biden’s full flop on messages about Afghanistan withdrawal
Statement: Hillary Clinton "actually differed with (John McCain) by arguing for exceptions for torture before changing positions.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 30, 2008
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: Denver
Fact-check justification: In the days after the debate, the Republican National Committee criticized her for flip-flopping, and Obama said he would oppose torture "without exception or equivocation," according to Daily News reports. Did Clinton change position because of her talks with the generals or because of the "politics of the moment"? We can't see inside Clinton's head, so our ruling doesn't reflect on that part of the statement. But it is clear she changed her mind about the "ticking bomb" scenario. So we rate Obama's  .
Statement: Image shows a "Super Bowl script was leaked.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: February 5, 2023
Topics: sports
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: Eagles center Jason Kelce was asked about it this week and said it "was a great interview." "Tearing my ACL in 2012 was probably the worst thing that Roger ever scripted," he said with a straight face, referring to NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell. Jason Kelce hated the NFL script in 2012 that told him to tear his ACL pic.twitter.com/FoonOSWoUE Although NFL officiating has often come under heavy criticism in recent years — most recently in the Chiefs’ 23-20 AFC championship   game   win over the Cincinnati Bengals in Kansas City on Jan. 29 — Chiefs fans can rest easy. There’s no  the outcome of the Super Bowl has been scripted by the league. We rate the  !
Statement: We're just burning 300 gallons of jet fuel to de-ice this clean energy wind turbine … that needs 80 gallons of synthetic oil to operate.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 28, 2023
Topics: climate change;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: an image
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post shows a helicopter spraying down a wind turbine with text reading, "We’re just burning 300 gallons of jet fuel to de-ice this clean energy wind turbine … that needs 80 gallons of synthetic oil to operate." The image originates from a Swedish helicopter company showing how it de-ices turbines at a wind farm in Uljabuouda, Sweden. A company report said it would take about 640 gallons of fuel to fly a helicopter from its base to the wind farm, de-ice all 10 turbines at the farm and fly back to its home base — not 300 gallons for a single turbine as the post claims.  The math also doesn’t work out for the post’s  that it takes 12,000 gallons of crude oil to make the 80 gallons of synthetic oil used in a turbine.  A key component of synthetic oil is distilled crude oil. A single, 42-gallon barrel of unrefined crude oil can be processed to produce about 11 to 13 gallons of distillate. Even if the oil used in a turbine was all distillate, the amount of unrefined crude needed would be far fewer than 12,000 gallons.  We rate this  as .
Statement: The United States can immediately tap a domestic energy resource of "more than 1.5 trillion barrels of oil, six times more than Saudi Arabia.
Speaker: eric hovde
About the speaker: Eric Hovde, a hedge fund manager and businessman from Madison, entered politics by running for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate in 2012. He finished second in the GOP primary.
Date: July 2, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;climate change;energy;gas prices;foreign policy
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Our rating Hovde suggested that we immediately tap into America’s natural resources, which he said are "more than 1.5 trillion barrels of oil (six times more than Saudi Arabia)." Hovde referred to a massive western United States formation of oil shale, and there’s a kernel of  in that government officials estimate that 1.5 trillion barrels are contained there. But Hovde omits a critical fact: He’s comparing that uncertain oil shale resource with Saudi oil reserves that have been discovered and defined and can be extracted economically. It’s unknown what the western formation will yield, and it certainly won’t come immediately. We rate the  .
Statement: David Cicilline is "the 5th most liberal person in the House of Representatives.
Speaker: bernard jackvony
About the speaker: Bernard Jackvony is a lawyer who served as Rhode Island's lieutenant governor from 1997 to 1999.
Date: September 2, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: candidate biography
Context: an appearance on "A Lively Experiment."
Fact-check justification: Former Lt. Gov. Bernard Jackvony said Rep. David Cicilline "is the 5th most liberal person in the House of Representatives." He was citing a statistic that ranked party-line voting, not liberal votes, although among Democrats the two often go hand in hand. There is no definitive arbiter of which congressman is more liberal than the next. Different organizations judge candidate voting records differently. The rankings we found gave Cicilline a bit more moderate score and the respected National Journal didn't even include the congressman in its tally of the 25 "most liberal" members of the House. Cicilline is clearly liberal. But because Jackvony was so specific, and he was specifically , we rate his statement  . (Get updates from PolitiFact Rhode Island on Twitter: @politifactri . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: College tuition "costs have risen by 25 percent under the Democrats.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: September 21, 2012
Location: national
Topics: education;message machine 2012
Context: a Spanish-language television ad
Fact-check justification: The ad claims that "costs have risen by 25 percent under the Democrats." It’s  that the published costs for one type of college and one type of student have risen by 25 percent since Obama took office, but other data shows a smaller rise for tuition and fees, particularly when inflation is taken into account. Even for the college costs that have risen, the Romney campaign does not provide sufficient proof to link that rise to Obama. Governors and legislatures bear far more responsibility for rising prices at public universities, and to the extent Obama has had any effect, it has been to help slow or even decrease the cost burden through federal assistance to students. We rate the  .
Statement: Foxconn is bringing 13,000 high-tech jobs to Wisconsin.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: July 26, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: china;economy;jobs;technology
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Leaving aside the term high-tech, the Taiwan-based electronics manufacturer is a long way from even breaking ground on a plant that was only announced the same day Walker made his statement. And the company itself has been more measured, saying the planned plant initially will create 3,000 jobs, "with the potential to grow to 13,000 new jobs." But the 13,000 is more than talk. Foxconn is pledging a $10 billion investment and the state is offering $3 billion in incentives, with $1.5 billion aimed at the creation of 13,000 jobs. Walker’s statement is partially accurate, but needs clarification -- our definition of .