chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Republicans didn't "increase state funding for nursing homes in the last budget.
Speaker: tim carpenter
About the speaker: Timothy W. Carpenter is a Democratic member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 3rd District since 2003. He earlier served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1985 through 2003. 
Date: May 23, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;states
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: When the federal match is included, that added up to about $74 million more.   Carpenter cited declining overall state spending on nursing homes, but the reason those expenditures decreased is because fewer Medicaid recipients are residing in nursing homes. Meanwhile, rates charged for those Medicaid recipients have increased over the years.   We rate Carpenter’s  .   window.gciAnalyticsUAID = 'PMJS-TEALIUM-COBRAND';
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Statement: Daraprim is still underpriced, relative to its peers.
Speaker: martin shkreli
About the speaker: Martin Shkreli is the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals.
Date: September 21, 2015
Topics: corrections and updates;health care;public health;punditfact
Context: comments on Bloomberg TV
Fact-check justification: Shkreli, the CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals, said, "Daraprim is still underpriced, relative to its peers." By his own estimates, Daraprim is cheaper than cancer and rare disease drugs, which he considers Daraprim’s "peers." By others, Daraprim costs about the same, if not more. Yet experts told us cancer and rare disease drugs are not Daraprim’s peers. Daraprim’s patent expired more than six decades ago and is a niche generic drug. The same cannot be said of cancer treatments. We rate his  . Correction: An earlier version of this fact-check misspelled Martin Shkreli's name.
Statement: We had a waiting list in Chittenden County when I came into office of about 700. ... We opened a new treatment hub in St. Albans, and it reduced that number to zero.
Speaker: phil scott
About the speaker: Phil Scott is the 82nd governor of Vermont.
Date: October 10, 2018
Location: vermont
Topics: drugs;health care
Context: campaign debate
Fact-check justification: In trumpeting Vermont’s success tackling the opioid epidemic, Scott said waitlists for treatment in Chittenden County had fallen from about 700 to zero. He’s right that, according to available data, there is basically no longer a waitlist for treatment at Chittenden’s regional hub at the Howard Center. But he’s completely off the mark when it comes to how long the waitlist was when he first came into office. We rate this  .
Statement: We are about 1 degree Celsius above the coldest it's been in the last 10,000 years" and "that's why we shouldn't be panicking.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 15, 2023
Topics: climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Davies cited a 2020 study led by a Northern Arizona University researcher that shows the last decade was warmer than any other multicentury period in the last 125,000 years. Most of the world’s scientists agree that climate change is driven by greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere from human activity. The gases , notably carbon dioxide, are produced when fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned for energy. When these gases accumulate in the atmosphere, they trap heat and raise surface temperatures, leading to climate changes.   We rate the  .
Statement: Crime in Atlanta is down 18 percent since 2009.
Speaker: atlanta police foundation
About the speaker: The Atlanta Police Foundation is a nonprofit organization that raises money for police programs.
Date: December 17, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: crime
Context: flier to supporters
Fact-check justification: For instance, Forbes magazine ranked Atlanta as the ninth "most dangerous city" in the nation for 2013, down from sixth in 2012. The magazine creates the annual list by using the FBI's Crime Statistics database screened for cities with populations of 200,000 and higher. Experts generally downplay these rankings, and the FBI specifically warns against using its statistics for city-against-city rankings. But there’s no  that the foundation’s flier  was anything but accurate based on the available data. We rate the statement .
Statement: Under Biden, we have seen over 4.6 million encounters at our southern border. Most have been released into the interior and will stay here indefinitely.
Speaker: chip roy
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Chip Roy was elected to represent Texas' 21st Congressional District in 2018. Previously he worked as vice president of strategy for the Texas Public Policy Foundation, a conservative think tank. He also worked as a political operative for several different Texas Republicans.
Date: January 23, 2023
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;border security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The rest were released into the country. These numbers also represent initial outcomes. Just because immigrants are released into the U.S. to seek asylum, does not mean they will stay indefinitely.   Roy’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Oil companies are able to sell oil that costs no more to produce today than it did one year ago.
Speaker: jeff merkley
About the speaker: Jeff Merkley is a Democratic senator from Oregon. He was elected in 2008. Merkley won his first campaign for the Oregon Legislature as a representative in 1998. He was elected Democratic leader in 2003 and speaker of the House in 2007. He studied international relations at Stanford University and earned a graduate degree in public policy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.
Date: June 16, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: energy;gas prices
Context: a speech on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: Because no absolute answer can be given until new data is available, we think Merkley’s statement needs clarification. But his fundamental point -- that total production costs haven’t changed much in recent years -- is largely correct. Even Exxon CEO Tillerson says total production costs are relatively stable. We rate Merkley’s : . Comment on this item.
Statement: A lot of people who go into prison straight, and when they come out they're gay.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: March 4, 2015
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;sexuality
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Carson said, "A lot of people who go into prison straight, and when they come out they’re gay." There is no research that supports this point. The one study that even begins to address the topic has too small a sample size -- and too many variables -- to shed light on Carson's . And its author finds Carson's view "simplistic." Further, Carson used this example to prove that sexual orientation is a personal decision. Respected scientists consider it settled that homosexuality is not a matter of choice. Additionally, experts told us the sex culture in prison is not comparable to sex culture outside of prison, making it a bad analogy. We rate Carson’s  .
Statement: Says Ted Strickland admits his record on jobs and taxes is "mixed and spotty.
Speaker: fighting for ohio pac
About the speaker: Political action committee supporting Sen. Rob Portman for reelection
Date: May 6, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: voting record
Context: Fighting for Ohio PAC ad
Fact-check justification: An attack ad juxtaposes employment figures and tax dollars with a video clip of Strickland saying, "My record is mixed and spotty, and I can be criticized for that." Strickland’s stance on gun control may have wavered, but the context in which he made the "mixed and spotty" statement did not. Strickland was talking about guns, not jobs or taxes. The Fighting for Ohio PAC’s "Spotty" ad distorts the context of his statement. We rate this ad . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/02d12e26-ad74-49e5-9fff-f0ca114a71eb
Statement: Says Mitt Romney, as governor of Massachusetts, "put into place socialized medicine.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: December 10, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Iowa
Fact-check justification: "Socialized medicine," describes some health systems in place in the United States, such as those for veterans and active-duty military. But changes to Massachusetts health care under Romney don't begin to approach government-paid and government-provided care. The Massachusetts plan relies, in fact, on the same private employer-based health insurance system most Americans are familiar with. That's so different from "socialized medicine" — practically the other end of the public-private spectrum — that Bachmann's use of the label is, frankly, . We rate her statement .
Statement: Georgia has the fifth-highest number of uninsured people of any state in the union.
Speaker: raphael warnock
About the speaker: The Rev. Raphael Warnock is a U.S. Senator from Georgia elected in a special runoff election in January 2021 and running for re-election in 2022. Warnock, a Democrat, served as the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, located in Atlanta. The church's former pastors include the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.
Date: January 20, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: medicaid;state budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: "You’ll produce jobs. If you provide that health care (to those additional Medicaid recipients), someone has to provide that health care." To sum up, Warnock said Georgia has the fifth-highest number of uninsured residents. Our research showed he’s indeed in the ballpark. We rate his  .
Statement: Kyle Rittenhouse files $400 million suit against CNN!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 28, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "I have really good lawyers who are taking care of that right now," Rittenhouse said. "So I’m hoping one day there will be accountability for their actions that they did. "   But it’s not  that he’s filed a $400 million lawsuit against CNN.   We rate that  .
Statement: In sanctuary cities, local officials order police to release dangerous criminal aliens to prey upon the public instead of handing them over to ICE to be safely removed.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 4, 2020
Topics: immigration
Context: his 2020 State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "In sanctuary cities, local officials order police to release dangerous criminal aliens to prey upon the public instead of handing them over to ICE to be safely removed." Sanctuary policies don’t mean that undocumented criminals get to walk free of charges, or that local officials order police to release them as standard operating procedure.  Noncitizens facing arrest still go through the criminal justice system; sanctuary policies mean that they aren’t turned over to ICE authorities after they’ve done so. Still, many sanctuary policies include specific provisions allowing law enforcement to comply with ICE’s requests when it comes to noncitizens who have been convicted of felonies. That’s the case in both California and New York City — the two places Trump called out by name.  Media reports and ICE press releases have documented some cases in which noncitizens with serious criminal records were released by police in spite of detainer requests. But these individuals had already gone through the criminal justice system in one way or another. We rate this statement .
Statement: I'm 59. In either Canada or Great Britain, if I broke my hip, I couldn't get it replaced.
Speaker: roy blunt
About the speaker: Roy Blunt is the junior U.S. senator from Missouri. He was formerly a U.S. representative from Missouri’s 7th district, and served for six years as the Republican whip in that chamber.
Date: August 12, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an editorial board meeting with the St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Fact-check justification: But still, he was  about both countries and would be eligible for hip replacements for many years to come. Public officials have a duty not to get things , especially when it has the potential to frighten people. (You may recall we gave Vice President Joe Biden a  for saying during the swine flu scare that when you sneeze, it travels through the whole plane.) Likewise, this  could scare many senior citizens. So we have to set the meter ablaze and give Blunt a !
Statement: Only 14 percent of Americans were able to keep these individual market plans for two years" before Obamacare became law.
Speaker: van jones
About the speaker: Van Jones is a host of CNN's Crossfire. A former environmental and human rights activist, Jones in 2009, served as the "green jobs" adviser to President Barack Obama. He is the author of two New York Times best-selling books, The Green Collar Economy (2008) and Rebuild the Dream (2012).
 
Date: November 3, 2013
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: a panel on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Jones said, "Only 14 percent of Americans were able to keep these individual market plans for two years" before Obamacare became law. He was trying to make the point that canceled policies have been the norm in the individual insurance market long before the Affordable Care Act. His figure is 3 percentage points off of a 2004 study that found only 17 percent of individual policyholders kept their plans for more than two years. More importantly, though, a health policy expert said Jones probably went too far in indicating that insurance companies were to blame for the high turnover. Many people enter that market for the purpose of buying short-term protection. That means people in the individual market might be dropping the health insurance plan they have as much as insurance companies might be canceling the plan altogether. We rate the statement .
Statement: Climate activists vow to slaughter millions of dogs to 'reduce carbon pawprint.'
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: December 1, 2022
Topics: animals;climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post shared a headline that read, "Climate activists vow to slaughter millions of dogs to ‘reduce carbon pawprint.’" The headline originated on a site known for publishing  information. The article associated with the headline cites CNN, which did not refer to slaughtering dogs.  We rate this  !
Statement: Less than 500 people a year killed by all rifles combined" and "4,000 a year killed by illegals.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 21, 2021
Topics: immigration;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A widely recirculated Facebook post claimed: "Less than 500 people a year killed by all rifles combined" and "4,000 a year killed by illegals."  The latest FBI figures show there were 364 murders committed with rifles in 2019.  No national crime statistics are kept on the number of people killed by people who are in the country illegally. One estimate based on Texas data puts the national number at under 300. In fiscal 2020, ICE arrested people on immigration violations whose criminal histories included 1,837 homicide convictions or charges sometime in the past, but its data doesn’t say when the killings or convictions occurred. The post contains only an element of . We rate it .
Statement: The Katy Freeway, or Interstate 10 west of Houston, is the widest freeway in the world, with up to 26 lanes, including frontage road lanes.
Speaker: sylvester turner
About the speaker: Sylvester Turner, of Houston, was first elected to the Texas House in 1988.
Date: March 4, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: transportation
Context: a press conference announcing new chairman of transit authority
Fact-check justification: Turner called the Katy Freeway, a Houston portion of I-10, the widest freeway in the world, with up to 26 lanes, including its frontage roads. If frontage and managed lanes are included, I-10 is quite the behemoth. Problem is, hardly anyone includes frontage roads when measuring American freeways. Get rid of the frontage roads and the Katy drops to 13 lanes at its widest, not much different than several other freeways across the country. As for the rest of the world, we found a wider freeway in Canada, and a reported 50-lane highway in China that makes the Katy look like a country road. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate.
Statement: Says President Richard Nixon held meetings with heads of state without an American interpreter.
Speaker: ian bremmer
About the speaker: Ian Bremmer is president and founder of the Eurasia Group, an international research and consulting firm, as well as a professor at New York University.
Date: July 18, 2017
Topics: history;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: comments on 'The Rachel Maddow Show'
Fact-check justification: "They (Trump and Putin) were out of earshot, so, I mean, unless the Russian translator has a tape — and I think there’s a reasonable likelihood that he does — then, you know, nobody else is going to have a readout of this meeting," Bremmer said. Bremmer said, "Apparently, President Nixon used to do it (hold meetings with heads of state without an American interpreter) because he felt, didn't really trust the State Department, at that point, providing the translators and didn't want information getting out, leaking, that he would want to keep private." Presidential historians, historical accounts and Nixon’s own memoir show this was the case. But it’s notable that even in the example most comparable to Trump’s meeting with Putin, when Nixon used only a Soviet translator during two meetings with Brezhnev, official records of the meeting exist. We rate Bremmer’s statement .
Statement: The estate tax, which came into being by Republicans like Teddy Roosevelt and others ... is there for a real simple reason: In America, we've never liked the idea of massive inherited wealth.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 10, 2007
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Derry, N.H
Fact-check justification: Since then, the estate tax has continued to increase as have the number and size of the exemptions. Under tax cuts passed by President Bush, it is being phased out by 2010. Clinton wants to abolish the tax cuts she said only help the wealthy and use the estate tax to fund a new retirement system. While her sentiment closely resembles FDR's, her statements don't represent the full history behind the tax. We rule her statement .
Statement: Tens of thousands of fraudulent Clinton votes found in Ohio warehouse.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: September 30, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: elections;fake news
Context: an online article
Fact-check justification: The article claiming "tens of thousands of fraudulent Clinton votes found in Ohio warehouse" is . State and local elections officials have criticized the website for running a made-up story, and the accompanying photo in the piece is a doctored version of a picture taken by a publication in the United Kingdom. We rate this  ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/ff712629-06fd-46d7-a16f-61cf5f8b10fe
Statement: The health care bill "cuts the deficit by over $1 trillion dollars.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 27, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care
Context: an appearance on Comedy Central's "The Daily Show"
Fact-check justification: Bottom line, Obama is presenting a highly speculative number as a hard fact. The CBO believes the health care bill will continue to improve the deficit in second 10 years. In an Oct. 22, 2010 presentation on the economic effects of the health care bill , CBO director Douglas W. Elmendorf said the legislation sets up a number of experiments in delivery and payment systems, but "it is unclear how successful the experiments will be." For that reason, and others, the CBO noted that the uncertainties involved are too great to create detailed projections. And so now, as then, we rate Obama's statement .
Statement: Says former President Barack Obama "will be on new $1 dollar bill.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 26, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: blog posts
Fact-check justification: The United States Mint did strike a pair of bronze medals commemorating Obama’s two terms in office . You can buy replicas of both , but they are not legal tender. You also can buy several forms of joke bills featuring Obama from private online vendors, including denominations of $44 , $2,008 and even $1 million . But Obama appearing on any real currency, like making it onto the United Federation of Britain’s $50 in the 2012 remake of Total Recall , will remain fictional for now. We rate this  !