chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: We pay by far the highest prices in the world for prescription drugs, in some cases 10 times more than the people of any other country.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 30, 2023
Topics: drugs;health care;public health;health check
Context: an interview on CNN’s “State of the Union”
Fact-check justification: When Sanders said Americans "pay by far the highest prices in the world for prescription drugs," he was on target. But his "10 times more" figure is off. Though that comparison may be accurate for some individual drugs or classes of drugs — and he did temper his comment by saying "in some cases" — it  overall differences in prices, which are generally higher here but not 10 times those in the rest of the world. A now well-known exception is insulin: The price in the U.S. has been shown to be 10 times as high as in other countries. But even this determination is complicated. Studies that showed a tenfold spread in prices for insulin drugs referred to manufacturer prices, which don’t factor in discounts. But that’s a  comparison because most people don’t actually pay manufacturer prices. Sanders’ statement contains elements of  but also doesn’t provide all the necessary information or context. We rate it .
Statement: The Chinese are there" in Syria.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: November 10, 2015
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;military
Context: the fourth GOP debate
Fact-check justification: Carson said the Chinese have a presence in Syria. In context, Carson’s comments suggested a military presence. That  appears to be lifted from unconfirmed blog posts and a news report by a Lebanese news site. China and the White House have denied that Chinese troops are in Syria, and experts told us there’s no  to the contrary. Even if Carson meant something less than a military presence, China seems to be taking a hands-off approach to the conflict in Syria. We rate Carson’s  .
Statement: Says a photo shows Ilhan Omar without a head scarf.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 30, 2020
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .)   Jeremy Slevin, a spokesman for Omar, told us the image that makes Omar appear as if she were photographed without a headscarf isn’t authentic.   Rather, it seems the image was altered using this photo of a man wanted for a parole violation in South Wales. His distinctive hairline was mocked online after police posted his mugshot on Facebook.   We rate this Facebook post !
Statement: Says conservative mega-donor Richard Uihlein is a Wisconsin resident.
Speaker: kevin nicholson
About the speaker: Republican Kevin Nicholson, a former Marine, announced in July 2017 that he would run in 2018 for the seat held by U.S. Sen. Tammy Baldwin, D-Wis. He is a business consultant who lives in Delafield, Wis.
Date: April 19, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;housing;states
Context: news release
Fact-check justification: Our rating Nicholson released a list of Wisconsin supporters that included "Dick and Liz Uihlein (Minocqua)." The Uihleins are major business owners in Pleasant Prairie and own property in Manitowish Waters. But Richard E. Uihlein is frequently referred to in the media as an Illinois businessman and he is a registered voter of Illinois. So is his wife, Elizabeth A. Uihlein. We rate Nicholson’s  .
Statement: The Atlanta Braves are "the oldest continuously operating professional sports franchise in America.
Speaker: atlanta braves
About the speaker: The Atlanta Braves are a Major League Baseball franchise
Date: December 13, 2010
Location: georgia
Context: a history on team website:
Fact-check justification: The Cincinnati Red Stockings, which many people view as a predecessor of the Reds, are apparently baseball's first professional sports franchise. But that is not what the Braves . Regarding their  to the title of "oldest continuous sports franchise in America," it does appear that the team's origins began with the Boston Red Stockings, who then joined what became the National League of Major League Baseball. The key word here is "continuous." We believe the Braves slid home safely on this one and rate their  as .
Statement: 13 percent of Americans, the lowest ever, are without health care.
Speaker: donny deutsch
About the speaker: Donny Deutsch is an American advertising executive and television personality who often appears on NBC.
Date: July 1, 2014
Topics: health care;polls and public opinion;public health;punditfact
Context: comments on MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: His statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. Yes, it is the lowest that Gallup has reported in its five-year poll, though other equally valid surveys show lower rates before 2008. Nonetheless, experts agree that more Americans are insured than there were in the past couple of years. Whether that’s the lowest ever is hard to say. We rate Deutsch’s statement .
Statement: Bennie Thompson objected to the 2004 Presidential election.
Speaker: house republican conference
About the speaker: House Republicans are represented by the House Republican Conference.
Date: June 9, 2022
Topics: congress;elections;jan. 6
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The House Republican Conference tweeted, "Bennie Thompson objected to the 2004 Presidential election." Thompson was one of 31 Democrats who voted to object to Ohio’s slate in 2005, when the electoral votes from the 2004 election were officially counted in a joint session of Congress.  That said, the 2005 objection had different implications, since Kerry had both conceded the election to Bush and had stated his opposition to the objection effort in Congress. By contrast, the loser in 2020, Trump, was aggressively pursuing a campaign to overturn the election, including by efforts to convince Pence to reject electoral vote slates. As a result, the objections in 2021 could have overturned the presidential election. With that clarification, we rate the statement .
Statement: David McCormick fired Pennsylvanians and bragged about shipping their jobs to Asia.
Speaker: mehmet oz
About the speaker: Physician and talk show host Dr. Mehmet Oz is a 2022 candidate for the Republican nomination for a U.S. Senate seat from Pennsylvania.
Date: March 17, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: candidate biography;jobs;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: An Oz campaign ad said McCormick "fired Pennsylvanians and bragged about shipping their jobs to Asia." In 2003, McCormick was the CEO of a Pittsburgh company that cut 50 jobs. That same year, the company announced plans to open a center in India. In a 2005 news article cited by Oz’s ad, McCormick does not mention the company or the job cuts. The article paraphrased him as saying that his work in "helping companies to move work offshore" and his military leadership service would help him in a new position with the U.S. Commerce Department. Oz’s ad contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: There's a loophole where you can sell guns without a background check … 40 percent of guns are sold that way" at gun shows and over the Internet.
Speaker: michael bloomberg
About the speaker: Michael Bloomberg was mayor of New York City from 2002 to 2013. The billionaire co-founded Bloomberg LP, a financial information and media company, in 1981. On Nov. 24, 2019, he announced his candidacy for the 2020 Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on March 4, 2020.
Date: July 22, 2012
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;guns
Context: an interview on "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification:     Bloomberg said 40 percent of gun sales take place through gun shows or the Internet, without a background check.     The best information on the informal gun market is based on a survey and is about 15 years old (the data used in the survey is almost 20 years old). There’s no question that many guns are bought with no background check, but there’s not sufficient current  to say that the proportion is 40 percent of all sales.     Bloomberg’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out that important detail: .
Statement: Novak Djokovic is the first professional athlete to be banned from a major sporting event for "not taking drugs.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: January 16, 2022
Topics: sports;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: A tweet says that Djokovic is the first athlete to be banned from a major sporting event for "not taking drugs." This isn’t accurate. Multiple athletes have been banned, in one form or another, from competing in their sports for refusing to take medication or get the COVID-19 vaccine. Team USA and Team Canada both mandated that athletes be fully vaccinated against the virus for eligibility to compete in the upcoming Winter Olympics.  We rate this .
Statement: Under Governor Almond the RI DMV had a program that allowed undocumented [people to] use their Personal Tax Identification Number . . . to apply [for] and receive a RI driver's license.
Speaker: david quiroa
About the speaker: David A. Quiroa is president and  founding member of the Guatemalan-American Alliance of Rhode Island. Born in New York City, Quiroa was raised in Guatemala and California. After moving to Newport, R.I. in 1989, he worked as a waiter in a hotel restaurant and, after several raids by immigration authorities, began working to reform immigration laws through the Center for Hispanic Policy and Advocacy, known as CHisPa. Quiroa also is director of the Retired Senior Volunteer Program for the City of Cranston.
Date: October 3, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: immigration;civil rights;homeland security;public safety;transportation;workers
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Quiroa said that under the Almond administration the DMV allowed undocumented drivers to use their taxpayer identification number from the IRS to obtain a Rhode Island driver’s license. The division’s regulations show that IRS-issued taxpayer identification numbers could be used for this purpose from May 2002 to May 2003. Therefore, we rule the statement  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Says Disneyland is enforcing a "no scream" policy on roller coasters.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 20, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The CBS News affiliate in Los Angeles was among the news outlets to report that theme parks may be required to ask visitors not to scream on rides — and soon corrected its story. And on March 18, the California Attractions and Parks Association tweeted in response to what it called  "some confusing reports in the press":  "At no point has CAPA recommended limiting or prohibiting yelling or screaming on amusement park rides as a way to mitigate transmission of COVID-19." While some news headlines like this one state that Disney parks are reopening "but no screaming please," we found that the source of these reports was the trade group’s reopening plan.   We didn’t find  that a screaming ban exists, or that Disney is enforcing such a policy.   We rate this  .
Statement: Says Joe Biden said "dozens of police were killed" during the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol but "exactly zero people" died that day.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 6, 2022
Topics: congress;criminal justice;elections;facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that Biden said "dozens of police were killed" during the Jan. 6, 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol. The post goes on to say the FBI has no  that anyone died during the attack. We found no proof that Biden ever said those remarks and the deaths during the Capitol attack have been well documented by both government officials and the news media. Of the deaths connected to the attack, five were of law enforcement officers.  We rate the post’s  as . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: A lawyer for former President Donald Trump released new proof of 2020 election fraud.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 20, 2023
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In many states, it is legal to drop off a ballot on another voter’s behalf, which is especially helpful for the elderly or voters with disabilities. Critics call the practice "ballot harvesting," while election administrators typically use other terms, such as "ballot collection." Federal officials in Trump’s administration said the election was secure, and dozens of judges, including GOP appointees, rejected claims by Trump and his allies that there was widespread fraud.   We’ve debunked other Powell election claims. We rate a Facebook post that claimed Powell released new proof of voter fraud .
Statement: In Mobile, it's something like, 1,700 families generate 80 percent of the crime. We know who those families are.
Speaker: bill hightower
About the speaker: Bill Hightower is a state senator in Alabama running for governor in 2018.
Date: April 18, 2018
Location: national
Topics: education;crime
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Hightower said, "In Mobile, it’s something like, 1,700 families generate 80 percent of the crime." Hightower’s point is roughly related to available research. But he did not describe it correctly. He oversimplified research findings of the Mobile County District Attorney’s office about school suspensions. The office learned kids from 1,200 households were responsible for 75 to 80 percent of school infractions in Mobile’s public schools. It did not go so far as to examine the role of the families in those households. Also, it’s important to know the research was from 2003, and we don’t know if the percentage still holds up. And importantly, the study centered on school suspensions and not "crime," in a literal or legal sense. Because the statement is partially accurate but missing critical context, we rate this statement .
Statement: In the four years before I became governor, we increased state debt $5.2 billion. We've paid it down $2 billion.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: December 14, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: debt
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: We give Scott some credit for his broader point about the debt’s steady rise under Crist and sharp decline under his tenure. But the numbers he uses are not accurate if you consider the budget years over which Crist could have exerted any control. Moreover, some bonds Florida issued were to pay for programs in the works before Crist took over, or the Legislature shares at least some of the blame for putting it in the budget. Finally, there was a spike in the debt after 2002 that was driven by a constitutional amendment to limit class sizes. Voters approved that measure, and the state government was required to put it into action. Overall, we rate this  .
Statement: In the last 29 months, our economy has produced about 4.5 million private-sector jobs.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: September 5, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: Charlotte, N.C
Fact-check justification: While it’s  that by most measures, the number of jobs in the United States has increased on Obama’s watch, Clinton has done some cherry-picking in coming up with the 4.5 million number. But he chose his words carefully in describing the jobs picture. He said, "In the last 29 months, our economy has produced about 4.5 million private-sector jobs." On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: Tourism accounts for 439,000 jobs in the state of Ohio, and visitors spend $36 billion annually.
Speaker: mike dovilla
About the speaker: Mike Dovilla is a member of the Ohio House of Representatives. He was elected in 2010 to his first term. A resident of Berea, his 18th District in suburban Cleveland also includes North Royalton, Olmsted Falls, Olmsted Township and Strongsville.
Date: April 12, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs;tourism
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Dovilla’s statement is accurate. He has accurately cited figures for employment and spending prepared by credible researchers. And it’s  that the total jobs figure he cited includes 112,109 indirect jobs that are not supported by consumers spending tourism dollars, but rather by the spending habits of the tourism industry and its employees. But inclusion of such indirect jobs is not unusual for assessing economic impact. On the -O-Meter, Dovilla’s  rates .
Statement: Vice President Joe Biden's meeting "with the transparency and accountability board . . . was closed to the public.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: February 6, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;stimulus;transparency
Context: a speech to members of the Tea Party
Fact-check justification: So, from what we can tell, these gatherings have been private, usually at an office building just a few blocks from the White House, though minutes from those meetings , as well as reports, testimony and financial activity reports are made public. But Palin's  was strictly about that one meeting between Biden and Devaney. She is correct that Biden and Devaney met privately on Jan. 14. But she incorrectly said it was a meeting of the transparency and accountability board when it was just a meeting of the vice president and the chairman. So we find Palin's  .
Statement: Proposed immigration legislation would give new immigrants "a taxpayer-funded cellular phone.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 17, 2013
Location: national
Topics: immigration;welfare
Context: blog posts on the Internet
Fact-check justification: Bloggers charge that new immigration legislation includes "a taxpayer funded cellular phone" for new immigrants. Their  is based on something else entirely: a public safety program aimed at beefing up border security. The bill includes grants aimed at helping American ranchers and others in remote locations along the border get satellite phone service so they can be in touch with authorities. And Rubio can point to a well-documented case in which a rancher was killed on his property, and authorities said better phone service would have made a difference in speeding up their response to the case. We rate the  .
Statement: If you want out of the individual mandate... all you have to do now is tick off the box that says 'hardship' and you're out.
Speaker: charles krauthammer
About the speaker: Charles Krauthammer is a syndicated columnist and a contributor to Fox News.
Date: April 1, 2014
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: an interview on "The O'Reilly Factor"
Fact-check justification: Krauthammer said people who don’t want to comply with the individual mandate should just "tick off the box that says ‘hardship’ and you're out." He is over-simplifying the process. Included in the hardship exemption application -- because there’s an application, you don’t just check a box on your tax form -- is a 14th category that reads kind of like "other." It’s meant to catch examples of hardship not delineated in the form. Documentation is requested if possible. Again, claiming it doesn’t mean you get it. You apply. And just because you ask does not mean you will receive. We rate the   .
Statement: Snapchat is shutting down!'
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 8, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a fake news headline
Fact-check justification: Snopes had earlier traced the  to Channel45news.com , another prank news site that proudly sports a "Create A Prank And Trick All Your Friends!" homepage headline and a "You Got Owned" meme-style header icon. Snapchat has been facing some financial issues due to $40 million worth of unsold Snapchat Spectacles, a device that allows you to record the world around you through a pair of sunglasses.    Due to the loss of revenue from the unsold units, lowered shares and the dip in daily activity, Snap Inc CEO Evan Spiegel announced his plan to redesign the app in the wake of this fiscal low point. Although Snapchat has definitely been facing some financial woes, they have no plan of shutting down in 2017 or at any point in the near future. We rate this statement !