chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: McCain opposes repeal of the death tax.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: December 28, 2007
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: But in a closer look at McCain's record, we find he supports a plan that would render the tax moot for most people. McCain says he wants a tax exemption on estates worth up to $10-million and a 15 percent tax on inheritances worth more than that. Under that plan, about 95 percent of the estate tax returns filed in 2006 would be exempt, according to Internal Revenue Service statistics. Which means the tax would survive for only the wealthiest few. Still, given McCain's votes against repealing the tax, we rule Romney's  .
Statement: Despite claims that you can 'keep the health care plan you like,' the Obama Administration has predicted that as many as 7 out of 10 Americans with employer-provided health coverage could lose their current health plan.
Speaker: blake farenthold
About the speaker: Blake Farenthold was elected to his first term in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2010. He is a Republican representing a district in Texas.
Date: January 23, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care;workers
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: We rate the statement . UPDATE: Shortly after our story was published, Farenthold’s office replied to our inquiry. They confirmed that the Congressman was referring to the administration’s projected rates of grandfathering, specifically citing Table 3 in the official regulation. We stand by our ruling.
Statement: I've already traveled to Washington, D.C., and secured a historic commitment from the Trump administration to provide assistance to the communities that Michael battered.
Speaker: ron desantis
About the speaker: Ron DeSantis announced on May 24, 2023 that he is running for president in the Republican primary. DeSantis won the race for Florida governor in 2018 and 2022. DeSantis was first elected to Congress in 2012 and resigned in September 2018 to focus on his campaign. He represented Florida's 6th Congressional District which is south of St. Augustine and north of Orlando and includes Daytona Beach. DeSantis initially ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but dropped out after Marco Rubio decided to seek re-election.
Date: March 5, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;federal budget;natural disasters ;states
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: DeSantis said, "I’ve already traveled to Washington, D.C. and secured a historic commitment from the Trump administration to provide assistance to the communities that Michael battered." DeSantis provided no details in his speech, but he was referring to his effort in January to get Trump to extend the amount of time the federal government would pick up the tab for debris removal and emergency protective measures from five to 45 days. DeSantis got a verbal commitment from Trump to make that happen, but we were unable to confirm that with FEMA. A spokeswoman for DeSantis says the "historic commitment" is that such an extension is unusual for Florida. But we found that it’s not unusual for the president to tack on extensions even for months that the federal government will pick up the entire tab. We rate this  . This fact-check was updated not long after publication with official comment from FEMA.   https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/125fd840-1bff-4f8e-871f-da10d3146307
Statement: The debt is "nearly $6 trillion more than when President Obama was sworn into office.
Speaker: george allen
About the speaker: George Allen was a U.S. senator from 2001-2007. He was governor of Virginia from 1994-1998.
Date: November 5, 2010
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a newspaper Op/Ed
Fact-check justification: Let’s take a look back to decide.    Allen’s language in the Op/Ed plainly implies the Obama administration's actions have already caused the debt to rise $6 trillion. That’s simply . The debt has risen by $3.1 trillion since Obama took office. For that reason, we find Allen’s  to be .
Statement: Obama spent $7 billion to bring electricity to Africa, failed miserably.
Speaker: daniel greenfield
About the speaker: Daniel Greenfield is an Israeli-born journalist who writes for conservative publications.
Date: July 30, 2015
Topics: global news service;energy;foreign policy
Context: an article on the Frontpage website
Fact-check justification: Greenfield said that Obama had spent $7 billion and failed to bring electricity to Africa. The projected dollar total was correct, but the statement missed the reality that as of August 2015, only about $1.7 billion had been committed. And a lot of the money that will be committed will be in the form of loans or loan guarantees, not gifts. How can you declare failure on a project that isn't yet completed? We rate this  .
Statement: Tim Kaine: "opposes everything President Trump does.
Speaker: corey stewart
About the speaker: Corey Stewart, a Republican, is the chairman of the Prince William County's board of supervisors. He was elected to the board in 2003 to represent the Occoquan district. Then he won a special election in 2006 to become chairman. He was elected to four-year terms in 2007 and 2011.   
Stewart ran an unsuccessful campaign for the Republican nomination for lieutenant governor in 2013.
Stewart was born in Minnesota. He graduated from Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., and earned a law degree from William Mitchell College of Law, St. Paul, Minn. He works as an international trade attorney in private practice.
Date: July 21, 2018
Location: virginia
Topics: voting record
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Stewart says Kaine "opposes everything President Trump does." It’s a greatly hyped statement. Kaine doesn’t oppose every Trump action. When Trump has stated a position on legislation, records show Kaine has voted in support of him 34.2 percent of the time. Most of these votes have been on nominations. Not included in the calculation are a number of little-known bills and resolutions helping Virginia that Kaine backed and Trump quietly signed. But Stewart’s larger context - that Kaine fundamentally disagrees with Trump - is correct. Kaine has voted against confirming most of Trump’s major nominees, including Supreme Court Justice Gorsuch and 9 of the 15 people now in the president’s cabinet. Kaine has also voted against Trump’s defining initiatives on tax reform, immigration, health care and tariffs. He’s clearly opposed Trump most of the time on major issues. So we rate Stewart’s statement .
Statement: Says Gwen Graham "voted against President Obama 52 percent of the time.
Speaker: the collective super pac
About the speaker: The Collective super PAC is the fundraising arm for the Collective — a progressive advocacy group that supports black, progressive candidates and is backing Tallahassee Mayor Andrew Gillum in the Florida Democratic primary.
Date: May 11, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: voting record
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The Collective super PAC said Graham "voted against President Obama 52 percent of the time." In her two years in the House, Graham stood out as a Democrat who did not always vote the party line, siding with conservatives on some significant measures about foreign policy and defense. But the group’s ad overstates the percentage in which Graham voted against what Obama wanted by only looking at part of her time in Congress.  Graham voted against Obama’s stated policy preference around half the time in 2015, but only 35 percent of the time in 2016. On average for those 143 votes, she broke with Obama 45 percent over two years. Because the  is partially accurate but missing some details, we rate this  .
Statement: Most countries have no debt ceiling.
Speaker: arianna huffington
About the speaker: Arianna Huffington founded the liberal news website Huffingtonpost.com, which she sold to AOL in 2011 for $315 million. In 2003, she unsuccessfully ran for governor of California.
Date: July 24, 2011
Location: national
Topics: deficit;economy;pundits;this week - abc news
Context: a roundtable segment on ABC's "This Week with Christiane Amanpour"
Fact-check justification: So where does this leave us? While other countries -- with the exception of Denmark -- don’t have a debt ceiling mechanism exactly like the U.S. has, most countries that have been studied do use either mathematical targets or require approval of new borrowing authority whenever a budget is passed. So it’s not as if other countries have no debt limits -- they simply limit their debt using different tools. We think there’s validity in Huffington’s underlying point -- that the U.S. system of imposing a debt ceiling is unusual and that it’s more arbitrary than most other systems. So we rate her statement .
Statement: The fact is" the Clinton Foundation has "got about 80 percent in overhead and 20 percent of the money is actually getting into the places it should.
Speaker: reince priebus
About the speaker: Reince Priebus was the first chief of staff to President Donald Trump, replaced by John Kelly in July 2017. Priebus was previously chairman of the Republican National Committee, a post he assumed in 2011. He is also the former chairman of the Republican Party of Wisconsin. He was an unsuccessful Wisconsin state Senate candidate in 2004. He is a Kenosha, Wis., native and lawyer.
Date: August 23, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: comments on "The Mike Gallagher Show"
Fact-check justification: Priebus said, "The fact is" the Clinton Foundation has "got about 80 percent in overhead and 20 percent of the money is actually getting into the places it should." Priebus is incorrectly reading IRS documents. Only a small amount of the donations collected by the Clinton Foundation are awarded as grants to other nonprofit groups. But that doesn’t mean that every other dollar is "overhead." The Clinton Foundation spends between 80-90 percent on program services, which experts say is the standard in the industry to define charitable works. It spends the majority of its money directly on projects rather than through third-party grants. Conversely, only between 10-20 percent is spent on management of the foundation and fundraising activities, which is tagged as "overhead." Priebus’  rates .
Statement: People were hopeless. Sixty percent of the population, 70 percent of the population wanted to live somewhere else. . . . By the time I left, 70 percent wanted to stay.
Speaker: rudy giuliani
About the speaker: Rudy Giuliani is the former mayor of New York City. He was born in Brooklyn in 1944 and previously served as a federal prosecutor, as well as an associate attorney general under President Reagan. He graduated from Manhattan College and earned a law degree from New York University Law School. He has been married since 2003 to Judith Nathan and was married twice before. He has two children, Andrew and Caroline. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: October 5, 2007
Location: national
Context: Washington, D.C
Fact-check justification: A variation on earlier surveys limited the choice to NYC or "somewhere else," but the negative results varied only a little when both versions of the question were used. So the "city that I was handed" at the end of 1993 did not have 60 or 70 percent who wanted to leave, but only 45 percent, according to the polls, and the city Giuliani managed for nearly eight years had 60 percent who wanted to stay, according to the poll he cites, not 70 percent. There's no disagreement among sources here. Giuliani just misquotes the numbers, and does so in a way that reflects better on him. We find his statement to be .
Statement: There's $30 billion in expansion funds that we've paid – it's our money and Nathan Deal wants Washington to keep it.
Speaker: jason carter
About the speaker: Jason Carter was elected to the Georgia Senate in May 2010, representing portions of DeKalb County. He is an attorney at the business litigation firm of Bondurant, Mixson & Elmore, LLP. Carter is the grandson of former U.S. president and Georgia governor Jimmy Carter.
Date: June 9, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: medicaid
Context: In an AJC article
Fact-check justification: Carter gets in his own way to suggest Georgia will pay that much in taxes for the program elsewhere. The missing context is that it’s not a dollar-for-dollar trade when it comes to taxes vs. services. Carter makes a good overall point -- Georgia is set to miss out on big bucks for Medicaid. But a lot of context is required to fully understand what is going on here. We rate Carter’s statement .
Statement: Trump has won the election with 294 electoral votes.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 4, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Biden, meanwhile, said early Nov. 4 that his campaign believes "we’re on track to win this election. "  We’ll see. But this Facebook post is .    This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: A collection of photos shows animals caught in the Australia wildfires.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 4, 2020
Topics: animals;fake news;fires;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Photojournalist Jane Tyska took the photograph on Nov. 11, 2018.   A photo of a group of burned sheep lying dead in a field was taken in Australia, but it was taken in January 2013 in a New South Wales field after bushfires swept through the area. We found that a few of the other photos were taken in Australia more recently, in September 2019 , but several more date back multiple years .   Though this viral post contains a smattering of images that are legitimately connected to the current wildfires devastating Australia, it appears an overwhelming number of those depicted here are not. We rate this post .
Statement: Cobb County businesses have already been awarded contracts worth $250 million on construction of a new Braves stadium.
Speaker: tim lee
About the speaker: Tim Lee is chairman of the Cobb County Board of Commissioners.
Date: June 30, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: baseball;county budget;debt;economy;legal issues
Context: mass email
Fact-check justification: County Commission Chairman Tim Lee said construction of SunTrust Park, the future home of the Atlanta Braves, has already resulted in the award of more than $250 million worth of contracts to Cobb County firms. He based that on a project update the county commission received in May -- and the math from that showed $255 million in contracts. We looked at detailed reports supplied to us by the county and the projection management team. Those reports show the firms have been awarded $270 million worth of contracts for site prep, the stadium and the adjoining mixed use development. On just the stadium, the contracts are valued at $220.5 million. Lee’s right on the overarching point that the stadium project is generating contracts worth millions to businesses with offices in Cobb County. But there’s added perspective that’s needed. Some of these companies are headquartered in other states, a reality on a mammoth project and in a global economy. But to say they are Cobb County businesses is like saying the Wells Fargo down the street is local. You could argue it is and it isn’t. That can change the bottom line. We rated Lee’s statement .
Statement: Says Chelsea Clinton is married to George Soros' nephew.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 22, 2019
Topics: marriage;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Searching the Nexis database for anything involving the couple, George Soros, and the word "nephew," we found 35 news stories. They were all about Roseanne Barr’s allegation that Clinton is married to Soros’s nephew. And they didn’t corroborate her .   We couldn’t find any  to lend credence to this Facebook post. We rate it !
Statement: A study by the National Economics Research Association showed that the (Paris climate) deal could cost 2.7 million lost jobs in the U.S. by 2025 should our country adhere to the commitments made by the Obama Administration.
Speaker: gus bilirakis
About the speaker: Rep. Gus Bilirakis is a Republican Congressman from Florida. He represents the 9th Congressional District, an area north of Tampa Bay.
Date: June 13, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: climate change;jobs
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: Bilirakis said that the Paris accord could cost the United States 2.7 million jobs by 2025, citing a NERA study that presented this projection. But the study is unreliable, using an extreme model that does not consider the possible benefits of carbon regulation and rules out investment, flexibility or technology that would lead to more jobs. And as NERA itself stated, the study was not designed as a cost-benefit analysis of the Paris accord. We rate this statement .
Statement: The per-pupil cost in the [Blackstone Valley Prep] Mayoral Academy far outweighs the per-pupil cost in Cumberland public schools.
Speaker: ralph mollis
About the speaker: Ralph Mollis, a Democrat, was elected Rhode Island's Secretary of State in 2006 and again in 2010. He is a candidate for lieutenant governor in 2014. Mollis previously served as mayor of North Providence for 10 years.
 
Date: August 10, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: city budget;debates;education
Context: a TV debate
Fact-check justification: Ralph Mollis said: "The per-pupil cost in the Mayoral Academy [Blackstone Valley] far outweighs the per-pupil cost in Cumberland public schools." That’s a pretty sweeping . And it’s only  for the school’s first two years, when start-up costs, spread over a relatively small number of students, would be high. It’s not  for the more representative last two years, when the Academy’s per-pupil costs were lower, not higher. The efforts of the Mollis campaign to consider "revenue per pupil" didn’t sway us. It’s not the same thing and it’s not what Mollis said. Because Mollis’ statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.) (Correction: The original version of this item did not mention the third Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor, state Rep. Frank Ferri.)
Statement: Says Senate deliberations on the Affordable Care Act in 2009 and 2010 included hundreds of hours of debate and more than 100 Republican amendments, compared with zero for the American Health Care Act this year.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: June 13, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Sanders’ graphic said that Senate deliberations on the Affordable Care Act in 2009 and 2010 included hundreds of hours of debate and more than 100 Republican amendments, compared with zero for the American Health Care Act this year. Sanders has a point that the Democratic process in 2009 and 2010 included more active involvement by Republicans than Republicans are allowing in the current debate over the repeal-and-replace legislation. However, it’s  for Sanders to make this point through an apples-to-oranges comparison that produces eye-catching zeros that will soon be rendered out of date. Under Senate rules, there will be debate and amendments. We rate the statement in the image .
Statement: When Connecticut did licensing, their shootings dropped, their murders dropped 40%. Suicides dropped 15%.
Speaker: cory booker
About the speaker: Cory Booker is a senator from New Jersey. He was first elected to the Senate in 2013, making him the first African-American senator from New Jersey and the first African-American elected to the Senate since Barack Obama in 2004. Booker served as mayor of Newark from 2006 until 2013. He has a bachelor's degree in political science and a master’s degree in sociology from Stanford University, an honors degree in United States history from The Queens College as a Rhodes Scholar and a J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and suspended his campaign in January 2020.
Date: May 12, 2019
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: an interview on ABC This Week
Fact-check justification: Booker said, "When Connecticut did licensing, their shootings dropped, their murders dropped 40%. Suicides dropped 15%." Booker is correctly citing research by Johns Hopkins University. Researchers found that Connecticut’s 1995 law was associated with a 40% reduction in gun homicides between 1996 and 2005. In a separate paper, researchers found a 15.4% reduction in firearm suicide rates associated with the law. However, more research is needed on the topic to draw further conclusions. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Patrick Morrisey "ran for Congress in NJ as pro-choice.
Speaker: evan jenkins
About the speaker: U.S. Congressman representing West Virginia's 3rd district.
Date: October 23, 2017
Location: national
Topics: abortion;candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Jenkins said Morrisey "ran for Congress in NJ as pro-choice." We found no  Morrisey supported abortion rights during a New Jersey congressional race in 2000. Morrisey opposed abortion except in cases of rape, incest and when the woman’s life is in danger. The Jenkins campaign cited a 2000 AP story that said Morrisey was opposed to a constitutional amendment to ban abortion, one of the more extreme tactics among those who oppose abortion. However, experts and anti-abortion groups told us that opposition to the amendment would not have made Morrisey an abortion rights advocate. We rate this statement . Correction: This report initially said that both candidates had received endorsements from an anti-abortion group this year. We have corrected it to note that both candidates have received endorsements in recent years.