chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The deficit ... is coming down, and it's coming down rapidly.
Speaker: larry kudlow
About the speaker: Larry Kudlow is a longtime economic commentator who was named director of the National Economic Council by President Donald Trump in 2018.
Date: June 29, 2018
Location: national
Topics: debt;deficit;economy;taxes
Context: an interview with Fox Business Network
Fact-check justification: Kudlow said, "The deficit ... is coming down, and it’s coming down rapidly." After being criticized, he later clarified that he "probably should have said future deficits." Kudlow’s first formulation is , and his revised version isn’t supported by the most widely trusted barometer -- projections by the CBO. Trump tax bill, which dramatically cut revenues, is a big reason why. The statement is  and . We rate the statement !
Statement: The rifle used by Omar Mateen "shoots off 700 rounds in a minute.
Speaker: alan grayson
About the speaker: Alan Grayson was initially elected to Congress in 2008, then defeated for re-election in 2010. He was elected again to Congress from a different district in 2012. He lost the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate in Florida in 2016.
Date: June 12, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: an interview with CNN's Erin Burnett after the Orlando shooting
Fact-check justification: Grayson said that the rifle Mateen used "shoots off 700 rounds in a minute." On CNN, he includes this  without any clarification. In other forums, he noted that his  is only  for the hypothetical semiautomatic rifle converted to an automatic weapon. Even then, however, experts say the 700-round-per-minute figure is not an accurate portrayal of rounds fired. This is  for many reasons, they said, including reloading time and the potential of overheating the gun. The debate over how assault weapons ought to be regulated is ongoing and contentious, but the  Grayson uses is nonetheless . We rate this  .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "wants to undo marriage equality.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: November 2, 2016
Location: national
Topics: lgbtq;marriage
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: Clinton said Trump "wants to undo marriage equality." While he’s waffled slightly at times, Trump has said repeatedly that he supported "traditional marriage." He also has said he would consider appointing Supreme Court justices that would reverse the 2015 ruling allowing same-sex marriage. He has not said much on the subject in recent months, other than to reiterate he felt it should have been a state-level decision. But he has not recanted his earlier views, either. We rate the statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/90e8c49a-2cdf-46ae-be02-4f6c876eacad
Statement: Says Republican U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson "called climate change 'bull----' during a record heatwave" and "raked in over $700k in fossil fuel cash.
Speaker: league of conservation voters
About the speaker: The Washington, D.C.-based League of Conservation Voters, according to the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics, is “a liberal-leaning organization that raises money primarily in support of environmentally friendly public policy.”
Date: August 13, 2022
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change;wisconsin
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Over the years, securities and investment, real estate and manufacturing have been some of the largest industry donors. Our ruling  The League of Conservation Voters claimed Johnson "called climate change ‘bull - - - -’  during a record heatwave" and "raked in over $700k in fossil fuel cash." Both parts of the  check out, from a much-publicized comment made at a luncheon in 2021 to publicly available campaign contributions, as organized and analyzed by a reputable nonpartisan group.   Indeed, Johnson has actually received more than $750,000 from the oil, gas and energy industry since the 2010 election, though it’s far from his biggest source of money — and he’s far from the top recipients in Congress.   We rate this  .
Statement: Says it has offered $12 million in savings through 2011 and $184 million in savings over the next 25 years in contract negotiations with the City of Milwaukee.
Speaker: milwaukee police association
About the speaker: The Milwaukee Police Association is a union that represents about 1,700 officers, detectives and other police employees in the City of Milwaukee.
Date: March 9, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city budget;labor;state budget
Context: a newspaper ad
Fact-check justification: On the second point, the MPA is correct there would be about $184 million in savings … in the 25th year. But the wording in the ad refers to the savings during that entire time frame. So this number is also off -- apparently by a lot. The MPA’s case would actually be stronger if they used a more accurate number, since during the previous 24 years the annual savings would ramp up until it reaches that projected $184 million in year in year 25. We rate the Milwaukee Police Association  .
Statement: Florida has the "third most-regressive tax" structure.
Speaker: nan rich
About the speaker: Nan Rich won a seat on the Broward County Commission in 2016. She served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000-2004 and then was elected to the Florida Senate. She served as leader of the Senate Democratic Caucus 2010-2012 and then was term limited. Rich lost a Democratic primary for governor in 2014.
Date: July 11, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: poverty;taxes
Context: a speech to the Florida Press Association
Fact-check justification: Rich said that there is  that Florida has "the third most-regressive tax base," though she acknowledged when she spoke she wasn’t certain if she had the number right. She was close: A study placed Florida No. 2 in terms of its regressive tax base. Florida has a regressive tax base because we lack a state income tax. Though the Tax Foundation criticized the report, it didn’t dispute the states’ rankings, and other experts we interviewed also had no qualms about Florida’s placement. Rich’s number of third place was just a smidgen low, so we rate this  .
Statement: Says that even if his budget is adopted, private schools in the choice program would be getting about half the per-pupil funds that public schools receive
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: March 22, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget;taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker said that even after the aid increases in his proposed budget, choice schools would be getting "about half" the per-pupil funds that public schools receive. He’s pretty close for some schools but not others based on his method of comparison, but off considerably based on a method preferred by researchers as a more accurate comparison. On the -O-Meter, there’s a spot for claims that are partially accurate but leave out important details or takes things out of context. That’s . And we think it fits here.
Statement: Viral internet photo shows a young Christine Blasey Ford
Speaker: lanny lancaster
About the speaker: Larry Lancaster is the  Cabarrus County GOP chairman.
Date: October 1, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: fake news
Fact-check justification: The photo shared by Lanny Lancaster is not Ford. Her legal team has confirmed that. In addition, the picture has appeared as early as six years prior to the allegation, and has since been circulating as a meme.   We rate this  ! This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide.
Statement: (After the auto bailout) General Motors is back on top as the world's No. 1 automaker.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 24, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Obama's right that GM's sales, along with sales by its affiliates, were No. 1 in the world in 2011. But getting full credit for those affiliates isn't without controversy. Meanwhile, crediting the bailout with GM's No. 1 spot is a stretch in a year when GM also benefited from challenges faced by its key competition. It's also telling that Ford, which wasn't part of the bailout, also has thriving sales. Obama's  is partially accurate, but leaves out some important details. We rate it . UPDATE: Thanks to a sharp reader, we've updated this item to reflect that while Ford didn't take any of the $85 billion in TARP money for automakers that went  to GM and Chrysler, it did get other federal support, such as $5.9 billion in federal loans in 2009 to retool its vehicles, and a  $250 million loan guarantee from the Export-Import Bank of the United States to finance export sales in 2010.
Statement: Says Kelly Loeffler supports "raising taxes on Georgia's middle class.
Speaker: raphael warnock
About the speaker: The Rev. Raphael Warnock is a U.S. Senator from Georgia elected in a special runoff election in January 2021 and running for re-election in 2022. Warnock, a Democrat, served as the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, located in Atlanta. The church's former pastors include the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.
Date: December 15, 2020
Location: georgia
Topics: corporations;income;taxes
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Warnock said Loeffler supports "raising taxes on Georgia's middle class." Loeffler supports a law that contains tax cuts for the middle class that expire at the end of 2025, but she has been clear that she supports making the cuts permanent. We rate the statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Says New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said her country doesn't have to deal with the "rage of older white men" because "we've never allowed Rupert Murdoch to set up a media outlet here.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 4, 2022
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts  that Ardern said New Zealand doesn’t have issues with the "rage of older white men" because "the country never allowed Rupert Murdoch to start a media outlet there." There is no  that Ardern, or anyone else, said this. A similar statement about Murdoch was made by a former New Zealand Green Party communications director, but it’s not the same quote.  We rate these posts .
Statement: In the 1960s, liberals emptied our psych wards.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: April 14, 2023
Topics: health care;public health;guns
Context: a speech to the National Rifle Association
Fact-check justification: Pence said, "In the 1960s, liberals emptied our psych wards." Some of the impetus for shifting people with serious mental illness out of institutions came from legislation signed by Democratic presidents and supported by civil rights advocates.  However, fiscal conservatives also played a crucial role, including Reagan, who signed landmark bills, first in California and then for the nation. Other key players in the policy shift included the U.S. Supreme Court and governors and legislators from both parties who saw an opportunity to save money by closing inpatient institutions. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Under his leadership, more people in Wisconsin "have access to health care.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: May 15, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;medicaid;message machine 2014;poverty;public health
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: But an estimated 83,000 more people became eligible for Medicaid, while 77,000 were removed from Medicaid -- a net gain, of sorts, of 6,000 people, according to the liberal Citizen Action of Wisconsin, a group that is a frequent Walker critic and which advocated for the full Medicaid expansion under Obamacare. Our rating Walker said that under his leadership as governor, more people in Wisconsin "have access to health care." He can take some of the credit, given that everyone living under the federal poverty line is now eligible for Medicaid. But far more people are getting access to health care, whether from the government or private carriers, as a result of Obamacare. We rate the statement .
Statement: There are 3 million jobs available in America that are not filled because too many of our people don't have the skills for those jobs.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: March 14, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a speech at the conservative CPAC conference
Fact-check justification:     Rubio said, "There are 3 million jobs available in America that are not filled because too many of our people don’t have the skills for those jobs." If one allows him some space for using shorthand, Rubio is basically right that there are "3 million jobs available in America." But while there is anecdotal  of a job-skills shortage, there is no data to prove his contention that the 3 million jobs in question are all open because of a mismatch in job skills. In fact, there’s significant  to contradict it -- the fact that the statistics in question always capture normal job churn, for instance, and the signs of "hiring paralysis" among employers. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: For the first time in the modern political era, we have confirmed a new justice in the first 100 days.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 28, 2017
Location: national
Topics: supreme court
Context: the National Rifle Association Annual Meeting
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "For the first time in the modern political era, we have confirmed a new justice in the first 100 days." Before Trump, the last time a president nominated and confirmed a Supreme Court nominee within his first 100 days was Arthur in 1881. However, Trump’s statement leaves out the important fact that it’s rare for a president to have the opportunity to nominate a justice in those first 100 days. Trump and Nixon are the only presidents since 1900 to have entered office knowing they have a seat to fill imminently. Three others learned of an opening near the end of the 100-day benchmark. Trump’s statement is accurate but needs additional context. We rate it .
Statement: CNN tweeted a picture of a Serbian resort and said it was in Ukraine.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 21, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: We also found no news stories about Hotel Mir in Kyiv on CNN’s site. On March 12, the network reported that Russian missile and airstrikes had caused damage in the north and south of Kyiv, including the hotel Ukraine, about 100 kilometers north in the city of Chernihiv.   Doing a reverse image search for the building in the tweet, we found a link to a 2020 YouTube video titled "Hotel Mir, Zvonacka Banja 2020." It shows drone footage of the building, which is in disrepair.   We rate claims that this tweet is authentic .
Statement: Says 89 members of Congress "hold dual citizenship with Israel.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 17, 2019
Topics: fake news;israel;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Such lists aren’t confined to the questioning of politicians, either. Lists of Jews in positions of power in Hollywood, banking and academia surface in many cases, Tuchman said, to paint Jews as disloyal to the country and harboring an agenda. U.S. representatives must be U.S. citizens for seven years to qualify for office, and senators must be U.S. citizens for nine years, according to Article I of the Constitution . A disclaimer at the bottom of Prepare For Change’s article says, "Use logical thinking, your own intuition and your own connection with Source, Spirit and Natural Laws to help you determine what is  and what is not." We have a different take: This  is .
Statement: Footage shows Dallas pollbooks fraudulently "adding hundreds of voters in real time as the poll was being closed.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 13, 2022
Location: texas
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: "As long as pollbooks are communicating with the central server, voter data will continue to sync. "  The county also noted that during election canvassing, the number of voters who received ballots from the pollbooks is compared with the number of ballots tallied and any discrepancies between the two are investigated.   "Dallas County’s e-pollbooks functioned accurately, but slowly, and correctly recorded the number of voters who were issued ballots on Election Day," the county said on its site. "Dallas County’s final canvass documents will guarantee that the e-pollbooks were accurate by comparing the number of voters who were issued ballots on the e-pollbooks with the number of ballots tallied, and if there are any discrepancies, they will be explained." We rate claims that voters were fraudulently added to pollbooks in Dallas after the polls closed .
Statement: Photo shows parents who changed their baby's gender identity.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 17, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: She was then described as the couple’s daughter, and she had the same name that appeared in the later news stories. Most babies start to crawl between seven and nine months of age, according to the Mayo Clinic .   Searching for the title that appears in the post, we  found it only on a meme site.   There’s no credible source to corroborate this .   We rate it !
Statement: Millions of people have given up looking for work altogether.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: February 4, 2015
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Detroit
Fact-check justification: Bush said that "millions of people have given up looking for work altogether." There are two statistics that shed some light on this question; one meets Bush’s "millions" threshold at 2.26 million  and one does not. But despite some uncertainty over the definitions and the scope of the data, economists told PolitiFact that Bush is on reasonably safe ground in making this . The statement is accurate but needs clarification, so we rate it .