chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: JAG charges Nancy Pelosi with treason and seditious conspiracy.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 6, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  There’s no  to support these claims, and a spokesperson for the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General’s Corps told PolitiFact it isn’t  that Pelosi has been charged.   Since her supposed arrest, Pelosi has appeared in public, including Dec. 4 at the Kennedy Center Honors in Washington.    On Dec. 8, she held a weekly press conference at the U.S. Capitol, which aired live on Twitter.   On Dec. 12, she tweeted about "the honor of speaking with hundreds of Capitol employees" and shared footage of those meetings.   We rate this post !
Statement: We have signed more legislation than anybody. We broke the record of Harry Truman.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: December 27, 2017
Location: national
Context: West Palm Beach
Fact-check justification: We broke the record of Harry Truman." In his first 100 days, Trump had signed the most bills of any president since Truman. Since then, however, he has fallen further and further behind. Just days before the end of his first calendar year in office, Trump ranks last among the 10 post-war presidents who began their term on the regular cycle. We rate the statement .
Statement: On my watch, for the first time in 10 years, seniors are getting an increase in their Social Security checks.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: November 1, 2022
Topics: social security
Context: Hallandale Beach, Fla
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "On my watch, for the first time in 10 years, seniors are getting an increase in their Social Security checks." In reality, Social Security recipients have received an inflation adjustment for nine of the past 10 years. The adjustments are based on a key inflation measure, as mandated by a 1972 law.  We rate the statement !
Statement: Says drinking a "6-ounce glass of tonic water each night before bed" will help alleviate restless legs syndrome.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 18, 2018
Topics: fake news;public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that drinking a 6-ounce glass of tonic water each night before bed can help alleviate symptoms of Restless Legs Syndrome. It’s not considered harmful to consume a glass of tonic water, but the home remedy is not scientifically proven to help with RLS. Medical experts usually don’t recommend the treatment and instead suggest the people take other action to relieve symptoms, including talking to their doctors. We rate this post .
Statement: $700 billion was robbed (from Medicare) to pay for Obamacare.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: August 6, 2015
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare
Context: the first Republican debate
Fact-check justification: Huckabee said, "$700 billion was robbed (from Medicare) to fund Obamacare." It’s an old  and an old figure. The law does reduce Medicare spending, but not in the way Huckabee suggests. The Affordable Care Act aims to cut future Medicare costs by reducing payments to private insurers and hospitals, not beneficiaries, though this could indirectly squeeze beneficiaries. The  is partially accurate but leaves out important context. We rate it .
Statement: A photo of a deer standing near a burned down residence is from the Australia wildfires.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 4, 2020
Topics: animals;fake news;fires;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) After conducting a reverse-image search , we found that the deer image was taken by photographer Josh Edelson on Nov. 10, 2018, in Paradise, Calif. This photo shows the aftermath of the deadly Camp Fire that killed over 85 people and burned hundreds of thousands of acres in Northern California in 2018. This image is authentic, but it does not show destruction from Australia’s wildfires. Given the context in which it has been presented, we rate this viral image .
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "wins California landslide, But ⅔ of his votes aren't counted.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 7, 2016
Location: california
Topics: elections
Context: the Justice Gazette
Fact-check justification: After early California primary results showed a big Clinton lead over Sanders, the Justice Gazette posted the headline on June 7: "Bernie Sanders Wins California But ⅔ of his Votes Aren’t Counted." Three days later, Clinton continues to lead Sanders by about 450,000. There are more than two million uncounted votes. But based on polling shortly before the race, showing Sanders even or slightly ahead with voters who had yet to cast ballots, professional pollsters and news outlets say Clinton’s lead could shrink somewhat but is not in danger. Sanders would have to win the remaining votes by a huge margin, something no polls showed in advance of Election Day. There is  that California’s complicated voting rules led to problems. That may have prevented some Sanders supporters from voting for him and, for that matter, some Clinton supporters from voting for her. But there’s no proof to back up the outlandish  that Sanders won California or that two-thirds of his votes were not counted. We rate the Gazette’s  .  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Rick Scott's record on jobs includes Florida "ranked 2nd in the nation in long-term unemployment.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: April 25, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: economy;workers
Context: a post on his campaign website
Fact-check justification: Crist said in a blog attacking Scott, "Florida is ranked 2nd in the nation in long-term unemployment." An analysis by the Economic Policy Institute ranked Florida second, with New Jersey and the District of Columbia ahead. But there is a significant margin of error to these numbers, and it’s difficult to pinpoint each state’s ranking. Other economists used other measures to come up with a different ranking for Florida. Also, while governors can play a role in developing jobs, the pace of Florida’s recovery can’t be pinned on Scott. We rate this  .
Statement: The price of insulin increases as waistlines increase.
Speaker: matt gaetz
About the speaker: Matt Gaetz was elected to Congress in 2016 representing Florida's 1st District. He was elected to the Florida House of Representatives serving District 4 in 2010. His father is former Sen. Don Gaetz.
Date: March 31, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: public health;health check
Context: a Twitter thread
Fact-check justification: Gaetz said the reason for the rising cost of insulin was because more people were being diagnosed with diabetes, thus increasing demand for the product. And he pegged that rise in diabetes cases to the increase in the number of people who are overweight in the U.S. Health economists and diabetes experts told us that though he is right that diabetes cases are on the rise, Gaetz’s overall point is not accurate. His statement is based on a cause-and-effect argument that doesn’t exist. They said the increase in insulin prices is not tied to great demand for insulin or to production problems that pressure creates. In addition, although the rising prices come as more cases of obesity are reported, medical experts said they are not necessarily related. Many people who are overweight and develop Type 2 diabetes are not treated with insulin and the experts point out that many other factors help determine whether an individual will develop diabetes. We rate this statement .
Statement: Kansas City Chiefs QB Patrick Mahomes has left training camp and says he will 'not play another down in the NFL' until the team changes their name.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 25, 2021
Topics: race and ethnicity;sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said that Mahomes left training camp and would ‘not play another down in the NFL’ until the team changes its name. That’s not . The tweet shown in the post came from a parody account. In subsequent tweets, the author implied it was a joke and linked to a parody video. We rate this  !
Statement: Only <6% of the $2.1 trillion 'infrastructure' bill contains funding for roads & bridges.
Speaker: randy feenstra
About the speaker: Randy Feenstra is a U.S. House member from Iowa's 4th congressional district.
Date: April 28, 2021
Location: iowa
Topics: federal budget;infrastructure;transportation
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Feenstra, as well as Scott and other Republicans for that matter, are correct about the share of the American Jobs Plan spending on just roads and bridges in Biden’s plans. But, focusing only on those two items paints a skewed picture of how much money from the president’s plan is tabbed for infrastructure as key Republican leaders define it. Feenstra didn’t give a full picture in his tweet. We rate the  to be .
Statement: Says the state budget includes spending on commercials for Fortune 500 companies.
Speaker: david simpson
About the speaker: David Simpson is the former mayor of Avinger. He was initially elected to the Texas House in 2010.
Date: June 5, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: state budget
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Lastly, we turned to the Texas Film Commission, which says on its website that certain commercials — such as ads for state agencies or those that portray Texas negatively — aren’t eligible for incentives. Otherwise, state law permits incentives for a TV commercial project of up to 5 percent of the amount spent on the project in the state, according to the commission. To qualify, the maker must spend at least $100,000 in Texas, at least 60 percent of its shooting days must be completed in the state and at least 70 percent of the paid crew, cast and extras must be Texas residents. Nashed told us TV commercial projects will continue to be eligible for incentives in 2012-13.    We rate Simpson’s statement .
Statement: Milwaukee police and firefighters "are routinely getting 4 percent raises annually while everybody else is either getting zero or one percent raises.
Speaker: nik kovac
About the speaker: Since April 2008, he has been the Alderman for Milwaukee’s 3rd District, which includes the Brady Street neighborhood and the East Side. Harvard University graduate cum laude with a degree in mathematics.
Date: September 30, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: workers
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Barrett’s 2015 budget would eliminate furloughs for non-uniformed workers, while their future use for police and fire workers would depend on the outcome of labor negotiations. Our rating Kovac said police and fire workers "are routinely getting 4 percent raises annually while everybody else is either getting zero or one percent raises." That scenario was seen in 2012, but so far has not reappeared. Uniformed workers have had a leg up on general employees since Act 10, but only marginally in a time of austerity. We rate the  .
Statement: In the 18th Congressional District, 100% of electric generation comes from coal.
Speaker: bob gibbs
About the speaker: Bob Gibbs is a Republican member of Congress from Ohio's 18th District.
Date: July 21, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: cap and trade;climate change;economy;energy
Context: a statement posted to his website
Fact-check justification: First Energy has ownership stakes in two nuclear power plants in Ohio and a third in Pennsylvania. AEP Ohio has two plants in Ohio that burn natural gas to generate power and a hydro-electric plant on the Ohio River. Still, all power generating plants actually located within the district are coal-fired. So while the statement is not completely illuminating, we rate it as . Comment on this item .
Statement: Says Gov. Rick Perry failed "to involve border sheriffs in developing plans to prevent violence in their communities.
Speaker: boyd richie
About the speaker: Boyd Richie served three terms as chairman of the Texas Democratic Party. He did not seek re-election in 2012.
Date: April 30, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Lacking, only partly because most of Richie's  stems from border mayors who said Perry didn't notify them before activating the state's spillover security plan. Besides, Richie was absolute in his wording, suggesting that Perry didn't involve border sheriffs at all. Not so, we're persuaded. According to what we heard, the governor has worked with border sheriffs on security plans. We rate Richie's statement as .
Statement: I have a very conservative voting record.
Speaker: connie mack
About the speaker: Connie Mack was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 2004. Mack, of Fort Myers, lost a U.S. Senate race to Sen. Bill Nelson in 2012. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2003.
Date: February 4, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography;voting record
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Mack said "I have a very conservative voting record." The general way Mack worded his  makes it easy for him: There are times when he didn’t take a hard-line conservative position, such as his stances on stem cell research and the Arizona immigration law. But Mack’s  here was about his overall record and how he compared to the rest of Congress, and for that he has gotten high marks from several conservative organizations. We rate this  .
Statement: Tim Kaine wants to thwart "right-to-work reform measures in Midwest battleground states.
Speaker: christopher peace
About the speaker: Chris Peace, R-97th, began serving in Virginia's House of Delegates in 2006. The district spans parts of Hanover and King William counties and all of New Kent County.
Peace, an attorney, serves on the General Laws, Appropriations and Health, Wefare and Institutions committees.
Peace earned a bachelor's degree from Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden Sydney, in 1998 and a law degree from University of Richmond School of Law in 2002.
 
Date: February 18, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: labor
Context: a post on his Facebook page
Fact-check justification: Even the group that seeks to expand these laws concedes Kaine did few things that troubled them. Peace provided no  that Kaine’s visit to Madison marks opposition to right-to-work laws. He has no information on what Kaine said during his visit. The Wisconsin bill under debate is not even aimed at establishing "right to work" provisions. Instead it is focused on collective bargaining rules.
Statement: When a Gallup poll asked about presidential candidate characteristics, "When they get to the question on, 'Would you vote for a socialist,' it is even less popular than voting for atheists.
Speaker: jennifer granholm
About the speaker: Jennifer Granholm, a Democrat, is the Energy Secretary in the Biden administration. She served two terms as governor of Michigan, from 2003 to 2011.
Date: January 24, 2016
Topics: candidate biography;history;lgbtq;negative campaigning;polls and public opinion;pundits;this week - abc news;women;punditfact
Context: an appearance on ABC's 'This Week'
Fact-check justification: Granholm said a Gallup survey found that the idea of voting for a socialist for president is even less popular than voting for an atheist. That's precisely what was found in the poll, the first time Gallup has asked about socialist presidential candidates. We rate the  as .
Statement: The president has said the national security threat facing America, the top one, is global warming.
Speaker: paul babeu
About the speaker: Paul Babeu has been Sheriff of Pinal County in Arizona since he was first elected in 2008. 
Date: May 26, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: climate change
Context: an interview on Fox News' "Hannity"
Fact-check justification: Babeu said, "The president has said the national security threat facing America, the top one, is global warming." Obama continues to cite climate change as a great threat to the world, but framing the issue as the country’s top national security threat is an exaggeration. Obama has said fighting terrorism is his most urgent priority. The Arizona sheriff ignores important context, so we rate his  as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/0cb68a01-985c-4db8-96bb-cc03740e77a6
Statement: On day one, six people were able to sign up" for health insurance through the federal marketplace.
Speaker: jan crawford
About the speaker: Jan Crawford is a legal and political correspondent for CBS News.
Date: November 3, 2013
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: comments on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Crawford said that only six people had been able to sign up on the first day of open enrollment for the federal health insurance marketplace. That fits with the internal notes released by the House committee. But those were initial numbers and there is some possibility that other people could have enrolled without using the website. Official numbers are not available. With that caveat, we rate the  .
Statement: Hillary Clinton wants to "wave the white flag of surrender and set a date for withdrawal.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: January 24, 2008
Location: national
Context: Boca Raton
Fact-check justification: But technically, there is no ruling army to surrender to, which is really what a white flag means. Clinton just wants the troops to come home. So McCain is right when he says Clinton is advocating withdrawal from Iraq. But he uses a highly charged term that somewhat overstates the conditions to which she's referring to end U.S. involvement in Iraq. For this reason, we rate his attack .
Statement: The Jan. 6 hearing "was abruptly canceled after it was revealed that news networks would not be showing it.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 6, 2022
Location: national
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: But, that’s not set in stone. "The proceedings have been broadcast live on YouTube, the major TV networks, CNN, MSNBC and C-SPAN," the Los Angeles Times reported in a story updated Oct. 6. "Fox News has offered live coverage of sessions held early in the day." It’s not  that the hearing "was abruptly canceled after it was revealed that news networks would not be showing it." We rate the  .
Statement: We made parity between mental health and physical health. It was a fundamental breakthrough in how we thought about how things should work.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 8, 2019
Topics: health care;health check
Context: a TV interview with CNN's Chris Cuomo
Fact-check justification: Biden told CNN that the ACA "made parity between mental health and physical health," describing that policy as a "fundamental breakthrough." It’s clear the 2010 law’s parity requirements had a major impact: 62 million people gaining coverage is nothing to sneeze at. But the ACA wasn’t the first piece of legislation to take this issue on. And major issues remain when it comes to making sure insurance treats mental health needs the same way it does physical health ones. Biden’s statement is accurate, but it would benefit from additional information. We rate it .