chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Cheri Beasley voted to reverse the conviction of an armed kidnapper, release a double murderer early.
Speaker: national republican senatorial committee
About the speaker: The National Republican Senatorial Committee helps elect Republicans to the U.S. Senate.
Date: June 14, 2022
Location: north carolina
Context: a political ad
Fact-check justification: The NRSC ad says Beasley helped reverse the conviction of an armed kidnapper and, separately, voted to grant early release to a convicted double-murderer. Beasley did vote to release a man convicted of armed robbery. The ad leaves out her reasoning: that the trial court erred in blocking the defense from questioning potential jurors about their possible racial biases. The ad says Beasley voted to grant early release to a double-murderer. It omits that he had already served more than 30 years in prison and had accumulated credit for good behavior that lower courts believed could be used for early release. The statements are accurate but need clarification or additional information. That’s our definition for .
Statement: Says "I've authored the first bipartisan tax reform bill in a quarter-century.
Speaker: ron wyden
About the speaker: Ron Wyden is the Democratic U.S. Senator from Oregon.
Date: April 1, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: bipartisanship;congress;taxes
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: We don’t buy that. Some people consider the Nunn-Domenici bill of 1995 a bipartisan tax reform bill. We can see why Wyden’s office, with back-up from the research service, would differentiate his plan from their plan. Still, the 1995 effort merits a mention as additional information missing from an otherwise accurate statement. We rule the statement .
Statement: Tony Evers "wants to let out between 9,000 and 10,000 more" Wisconsin prisoners
Speaker: tim michels
About the speaker: Timothy J. Michels is an American politician and businessman from Brownsville, Wisconsin. He co-owns and co-manages Michels Corporation, a family-owned and operated construction company. A member of the Republican Party, Michels is a candidate in the 2022 Wisconsin gubernatorial election. Michels won the GOP primary for governor on August 9, 2022.
Date: October 24, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;elections;legal issues;crime
Context: News conference
Fact-check justification: Michels said Evers wants to let out half of those currently incarcerated in Wisconsin prisons.  The statement references the fact that the governor has said he wants to reduce the state’s prison population – which could be accomplished by diversion programs and other front-end solutions. Evers has not said he would do so by releasing half of the current prison population – which is impossible on a few fronts.  We rate this  .
Statement: Wisconsin's dead last in Midwest job growth.
Speaker: mary burke
About the speaker: Burke is a former Trek Bicycle executive and former Wisconsin Commerce Department secretary who announced on Oct. 7, 2013 that she would seek the Democratic nomination for governor in Wisconsin in the fall 2014 election against incument Republican Gov. Scott Walker. She lost to Walker on Nov. 4, 2014. She is a school board member in Madison, Wisconsin.
Date: July 18, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs;message machine 2014
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: : If the  is that State X added more jobs than State Y, the statement may have limited information value. Look for percentage growth figures that level the playing field among states of varying sizes. Check the map: When the  is "best in the region," trust but verify. Are all relevant states included? Scrutinize the sector: Most claims focus on just the private sector, but sometimes partisans will add in public employees if it suits their purpose.
Statement: If Gov. Romney's plan goes into effect … the average senior would have to pay $460 a year more in tax for their Social Security.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 28, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: social security;taxes
Context: Boca Raton, Fla
Fact-check justification: Biden said that under Romney’s tax plan "the average senior would have to pay $460 a year more in tax for their Social Security." That figure is just one way to fill in the blanks in Romney’s largely unexplained tax proposal. It’s an average of a hypothetical, and it’s at odds with what Romney has said he’ll do, which is to protect deductions for the middle class and not raise taxes. Biden’s comment leaps to several conclusions to arrive at the dollar figure he cites. We rate it .
Statement: A livestream failing in Nevada is "one of the ways blue states steal elections.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 13, 2022
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that a livestream showing cameras in a vote-counting room in Washoe County, Nevada, going down overnight is one of the ways "blue states steal elections." The livestream did fail when the connection was lost between the cameras and a computer application, officials said. But vote counting had already finished for the night, and security camera footage and a check of employee badges showed that no one entered the vote-counting room during that time, officials said. The office has made this security footage available to the public to view and it is online for anyone with eight hours to spare. We rate this  .
Statement: Says "109 people out of hundreds of thousands of travelers" were affected by the immigration executive order.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 5, 2017
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview with Bill O'Reilly
Fact-check justification: Challenged about the rollout of his administration’s temporary travel ban, Trump said the process was "smooth" and affected "109 people out of hundreds of thousands of travelers." This refers to the number of people who were in transit when the ban was announced. It doesn’t account for people who tried to board flights to the United States (over 1,200) and were denied, for visas that were revoked (about 60,000 according to the State Department) or for refugees admitted (64,000 in the last two fiscal years). Trump’s narrow  ignores the full scope of his order’s impact. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/43c63873-076f-4bc1-a756-3a314dea028b
Statement: Peer-reviewed paper" shows "Fauci created COVID-19
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 14, 2022
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post and video claimed that a "peer-reviewed" study found that Fauci created COVID-19. The paper cited as  is a non-peer-reviewed paper that suggests the virus could have been synthetic in its origin. It does not mention Fauci and has been criticized as employing flawed logic and analysis. We rate this  ! Update, Oct 29, 2022 : This fact-check has been updated to include mention of an interim report into SARS-CoV-2 origins that was released by a U.S. Senate committee as this fact-check was published.
Statement: Trump assassination foiled, Deep State in panic mode!
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 30, 2021
Topics: corrections and updates;public safety;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: We rate this blog post . UPDATE (Feb. 5, 2021) : This story has been updated to include comment from the Secret Service. The ruling is unchanged.
Statement: Bernie Sanders opposes the death penalty, and Hillary Clinton supports it.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 26, 2015
Topics: criminal justice;crime;punditfact
Context: an Internet graphic
Fact-check justification: The infographic claims Bernie Sanders opposes the death penalty and that Hillary Clinton supports it. Sanders has opposed the death penalty for at least the last 20 years, though he did vote for the 1994 crime bill that, among many other provisions, expanded the number of crimes that could result in death penalty sentences. While Clinton has helped make it easier to appeal a death sentence, her most recent documented statements on the topic expressed tepid support. Without a clear idea of her most recent stance, we can only assume she still holds that position. We rate the  .
Statement: Nobody dies because they don't have access to health care.
Speaker: raul labrador
About the speaker: Raul Labrador, a Republican, was elected in 2010 to represent a district in Idaho in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Date: May 5, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a town hall event
Fact-check justification: At the town hall, Labrador said, "Nobody dies because they don’t have access to health care." Extensive research over the previous decade generally points to tangible reductions in mortality after patients obtain health insurance. Two papers found more equivocal results, but we reached authors of both papers, and they agreed that their findings do not support Labrador’s remark. While the exact number of deaths saved by having health insurance is uncertain, the researchers we contacted agreed that the number is higher than zero -- probably quite a bit higher. We rate his statement .
Statement: A trip to Mar-a-Lago costs taxpayers approximately $3.6 million, according to a Government Accountability Office report.
Speaker: center for american progress action fund
About the speaker: The Center for American Progress Action Fund is a liberal policy advocacy 501(c)(4) organization. 
Date: April 16, 2017
Location: national
Topics: ethics;taxes
Context: the website IsTrumpAtMarALago.org
Fact-check justification: The Center for American Progress Action Fund said, "A trip to Mar-a-Lago costs taxpayers approximately $3.6 million, according to a Government Accountability Office report." No doubt, a presidential trip out of Washington is expensive. It's reasonable to assume that Trump's multiple weekends at Mar-a-Lago cost taxpayers millions. But the GAO report in question, one of very few available estimates of the cost of presidential travel, did not say exactly that a trip to Mar-a-Lago cost $3.6 million. The report covered a specific trip Obama took in 2013 covering two cities including Palm Beach.   To say each Trump Mar-a-Lago visit costs the same as the Obama trip is imprecise. There are too many unknown variables to say for sure. We rate this  .
Statement: You know how many children are dying across Virginia because of fentanyl poisoning? A heck of a lot more than are dying at the hands of guns.
Speaker: mark obenshain
About the speaker: Mark Obenshain, R-26th, is a Virginia State Senator. His district is comprised of Page, Rappahannock, Shenandoah and Warren counties and Harrisonburg and part of Rockingham County. 
Obenshain lost the 2013 Virginia attorney general's race to Democrat Mark Herring by a slim margin after a recount. 
Obenshain was born in Richmond. His father, Richard Obenshain, was a Virginia Republican Committee chairman and Republican National Committee co-chairman and died in a plane crash during a U.S. Senate campaign.
Obenshain graduated from Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, in 1984, and received a law degree from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, in 1987.
Date: January 31, 2023
Location: virginia
Topics: drugs;public health;guns
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification: Obenshain said, "You know how many children are dying across Virginia because of fentanyl poisoning? A heck of a lot more than are dying at the hands of guns." The senator was . Records from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of Virginia show that from the start of 2017 through September 2022, 355 minors had gun-related deaths and 51 died from fentanyl. We rate Obenshain’s statement .
Statement: Coronavirus vaccinations seem to be causing 50 times the adverse events of flu vaccinations after just the first of two shots.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 6, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An article shared in Facebook posts claimed: "Coronavirus vaccinations seem to be causing 50 times the adverse events of flu vaccinations after just the first of two shots." A journalist’s search of raw data from the CDC’s reporting system indicated that the rate of reported "adverse events" following COVID-19 vaccinations is many times higher than for the flu shots. The journalist who surfaced the data that the article drew from said he wasn’t drawing any conclusions about cause and effect. The CDC and experts say the raw data from the reporting system cannot be used to draw conclusions about whether vaccinations cause the adverse events. Experts say the data about the new COVID-19 vaccinations are too new to make meaningful comparisons to flu shots. We rate the statement .
Statement: Donald Trump dead from a fatal heart attack!
Speaker: thenewyorkevening.com
About the speaker: A website associated with posting fake news.
Date: December 19, 2016
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: Trump was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2013. Three years later, the president-elect tapped McMahon’s wife Linda McMahon, who donated $6 million to a Trump super PAC, to head the Small Business Administration . TheNewYorkEvening.com seems to mix snippets of real stories, like a recent announcement that Ford Motor Company was abandonding plans to build a new plant in Mexico, with  ones. The idea is likely to trick viewers. This  rates !
Statement: While we were in harm's way in uniform, Kyrsten Sinema was protesting us in a pink tutu and denigrating our service.
Speaker: martha mcsally
About the speaker: Martha McSally, a Republican, is a former U.S. Senator and former U.S. Representative from Arizona. McSally served 26 years in the U.S. Air Force, retiring in 2010 as a full colonel. She was the first female fighter pilot to fly a combat mission and command a fighter squadron. She was elected to public office for the first time when she won election to Congress in 2014.
Date: August 23, 2018
Location: arizona
Topics: candidate biography;corrections and updates
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: McSally in a campaign ad said, "While we were in harm’s way in uniform, Kyrsten Sinema was protesting us in a pink tutu and denigrating our service." McSally retired from the Air Force in 2010 after 26 years of military service. After 9/11, Sinema led protests against the war in Iraq. At a 2003 rally called "No War! A Celebration of Life and Creativity," Sinema wore a pink tutu. Media reports of the rallies in 2002 and 2003 quote Sinema as opposing the war and the Bush administration’s policy, but we found no  of her disparaging troops. McSally’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .   --- Editor’s note, Sept. 18, 2018 : The Senate Leadership Fund and Defend Arizona contacted us after publication to point out that CNN published a story on Sept. 15 saying that a group led by Sinema in the early 2000s distributed anti-war flyers, including one that depicted a soldier as a skeleton. Text in that flyer said, "You can help us push back U.S. terror in Iraq and the Middle East." The Senate Leadership Fund said this was  showing the accuracy of McSally’s . Sinema’s campaign told CNN, however, that Sinema did not approve or design the flyers. The flyers were not used in McSally's ad claiming that Sinema denigrated troops. McSally's campaign did not send PolitiFact the flyers — or any other material — as  for the . McSally's ad focused on Sinema wearing a tutu. Contemporaneous reporting of the event in which Sinema wore a tutu did not say that Sinema denigrated troops. Given that the flyer is not  that Sinema denigrated troops herself, our rating remains the same.
Statement: Says that under Scott Walker, on a percentage basis, Wisconsin is "spending twice as much on debt service for just basic road repair and maintenance" than before he took office.
Speaker: kelda helen roys
About the speaker: Kelda Helen Roys, a Madison Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2008 and served until 2012. In 2012, she lost to Mark Pocan in the race for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. House of Representatives. She is running for the Democratic nomination for governor in 2018. An attorney, Roys is the former executive director of NARAL Pro-Choice Wisconsin, which supports abortion rights.
Date: May 2, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: debt;state budget;transportation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: But it’s worth noting that the figures for 2017-18 and 2018-’19 are estimates, though they are based on the 2017-’19 state budget and are not expected to change much. Our rating Roys says that under Walker, on a percentage basis, Wisconsin is "spending twice as much on debt service for just basic road repair and maintenance" than before he took office. The portion of road revenue being used for debt service was 11.5 percent during the final budget year for Doyle, Walker’s predecessor. The figure is projected to reach 20.9 percent during the second year of the current two-year state budget Walker signed, which is nearly doubling. With the caveat that the figure for the current budget is an estimate, we rate Roys’ statement .
Statement: PepsiCo announced Mountain Dew will be discontinued over health concerns.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 1, 2020
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Third, there is no Chief Product Officer named "Niwrad Eiknarf" who works at PepsiCo . There’s actually no Chief Product Officer listed on the company’s website at all. Fourth, there are only 30 days in June. Not 31 as the post claims. !
Statement: The FedNow program "is going to replace your paper currency.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 2, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The central bank’s latest press release about FedNow, posted March 15, said the service will start operating in July. During the first week of April, the Federal Reserve will start certifying participants and testing the system to prepare for the service’s launch.   The Federal Reserve said the system’s first release will support transactions such as account-to-account transfers and bill pay.   U.S. residents can still use cash to pay for goods and services. We rate the  that the FedNow program will "replace your paper currency" .
Statement: 76 percent of Americans want a public health care option.
Speaker: progressive change campaign committee
About the speaker: The Progressive Change Campaign Committee is a liberal political action committee.
Date: August 19, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: their Web site
Fact-check justification: They've also relied on a poll with wording that might lead people to think they were being asked if they favor choice in picking their health plan rather than whether they support a government-run option. Most of the other polls show support, but not nearly the landslide as the June poll. What's more, they continue to display the ad on their Web site even though the poll is sorely out of date and eclipsed by more recent and more precisely worded surveys. By most accounts, there's slightly more support for the public plan than there is opposition, but that support has dwindled throughout the summer. As a result, we give the Progressive Change Campaign Committee a .
Statement: Says "in Oregon today, the average debt upon college graduation is more than $24,000.
Speaker: jeff merkley
About the speaker: Jeff Merkley is a Democratic senator from Oregon. He was elected in 2008. Merkley won his first campaign for the Oregon Legislature as a representative in 1998. He was elected Democratic leader in 2003 and speaker of the House in 2007. He studied international relations at Stanford University and earned a graduate degree in public policy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.
Date: July 11, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: debt;education
Context: an opinion article
Fact-check justification: That is additional information that could help readers understand that the $24,000 figure is among those who leave college in debt. Unlike officials in other states, Merkley did not write about the "average kid" or student incurring a certain amount of debt. He wrote about "average debt" upon graduation.   That makes his statement accurate, but it needs additional information and context. We rate the statement .
Statement: The Air Force wants taxpayers to fund a fantasy football league.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 20, 2013
Location: national
Topics: families;federal budget;military
Context: blog posts
Fact-check justification: Headlines across the blogosphere and shared via social media suggested the Air Force wanted taxpayers to a fund fantasy football league — a charged  as defense budgets face mandatory cuts. But the  was a "request for information," not a final decision to fund anything. Meanwhile, any money at stake wouldn’t have come from taxpayers, but "nonappropriated funds" generated by Air Force clubs and other activities designed to boost morale. We rate the  .