chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: We went from a $5.6 trillion surplus that George Bush inherited to over ... $11-plus trillion debt when George Bush left office.
Speaker: steny hoyer
About the speaker: Steny Hoyer is the current House minority whip, having served in the position once before from 2003 to 2007. He was majority leader of the House from 2007 to 2011, and is the dean of the Maryland congressional delegation, having served the 5th district since 1981.
Date: June 1, 2011
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget;history
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "The Daily Rundown"
Fact-check justification: In fact, the final two years of those surpluses wouldn’t even fall within Bush’s two terms in office. There is some merit in Hoyer’s larger point -- that Bush came into office with a rosy fiscal outlook and left with one that was far less so. And he’s pretty close when he says that Bush left an "$11-plus trillion debt" when he departed the Oval Office. Still, Hoyer left out enough qualifiers -- that the number was a projection, and that it covered 10 years -- that we believe viewers would take away an exaggerated impression of the fiscal picture Bush inherited. So we’re giving Hoyer’s comment a rating of .
Statement: An obscure filing with the Federal Election Commission shows Biden has formally announced his bid for another term.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 30, 2022
Topics: campaign finance;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: Recent polls by Quinnipiac University and  The New York Times and Siena College have found majorities of Democrats preferring that Biden not run again in 2024. The White House has so far insisted that Biden plans to seek another term, even if he has yet to formally announce it. "To be clear, as the president has said repeatedly, he plans to run in 2024," tweeted White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre in June. Either way, Biden has not officially announced a bid for a second term. The notion that Biden did so in an obscure federal disclosure filing is .
Statement: Says CIA Director George Tenet told the Bush administration that the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attack "was coming. So they did have advanced notice.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 20, 2015
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: an interview on CNN's "New Day"
Fact-check justification: Trump claims that the CIA told the Bush administration that a domestic terror attack was coming. The report assembled over a span of three years after Sept. 11, 2001, found no specific alert. The potential for a domestic attack was discussed in early August, but it was mentioned only in broad terms and was not brought back up. Investigative reports in the years since found that the CIA warnings emphasized possible targets overseas. Tenet told investigators that as late as Sept. 10 he did not talk about a domestic attack with the president. There’s no support that Bush and top White House officials had, as Trump said, "advanced notice" of an attack on New York City or any other place in America. We rate this  .
Statement: Says the federal government is "the largest energy user in the country.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: August 28, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: energy
Context: a newspaper column
Fact-check justification: That use represented about 1.6 percent of the nation's energy consumption for the year, she said. The Alliance to Save Energy told us her source was the Federal Energy Management Program's annual report to Congress in January 2010. Portman's office provided the same report, which is based on data submitted by federal agencies to the Department of Energy. Its website has figures dating back to 1949. On the -O-Meter, Portman’s statement rates as .
Statement: America used to be the third easiest country to get established in a business. It's now number 17.
Speaker: charles bass
About the speaker: Charlie Bass is a U.S. representative from New Hampshire.
Date: June 11, 2012
Location: new hampshire
Topics: economy
Context: a speech after he filed to run for reelection at the New Hampshire Statehouse
Fact-check justification: But it turns out, he was off on the logic. The team behind the report says Doing Business rankings should be examined independently of each other. Countries go up or down on the Starting a Business leaderboard if other countries’ have improved, if data has changed, if other countries are added to the list, and other factors--not necessarily because the United States’ own situation has gotten worse. And the process to start a business in the U.S. has hardly changed at all. For getting the ranking  and misinterpreting the data, we give Bass a .
Statement: We were able to provide $428 million worth of property tax relief.
Speaker: don gaetz
About the speaker: Don Gaetz, R-Niceville, is a Republican state Senator and a former school superintendent.
Date: March 11, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: Florida Senate floor debate
Fact-check justification: Gaetz said, "We were able to provide $428 million worth of property tax relief." The Legislature approved an increase to local school funding while cutting a key millage rate used to calculate the Required Local Effort. That will keep property tax collections essentially the same. The $428 million is an infusion of general revenue cash that will cover the boost in the education budget. We could quibble with Gaetz referring to this as "tax relief," because the plan is altering future collections, instead of cutting current collections. But property owners are shielded from shouldering the burden of increased education spending, so we rate this statement .
Statement: What we have done with the PATRIOT Act, we've given the government enormous powers. We've given the government the right to reach deeply into people's private lives, into their business affairs, without a court order.
Speaker: dennis kucinich
About the speaker: Dennis Kucinich is running in the Democratic primary for governor of Ohio in 2018. Kucinich was elected to Congress in 1996. He previously served as a member of the city council and as mayor in Cleveland, the city where he was born in 1946. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Case Western University. He has been married since 2005 to Elizabeth Harper. He was married twice before and has one child. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 25, 2008.
Date: February 10, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: criminal justice;terrorism
Context: the House of Representatives
Fact-check justification: In the case of these special courts, the proceedings are conducted behind closed doors and kept secret. Kucinich is correct that the PATRIOT Act opens the door for government to conduct broad levels of surveillance into U.S. citizens’ lives and activities and that the surveillance can be without traditional law enforcement having to get the traditional warrant. But the law does require an order from a court, albeit a special court that can do so secretly. That’s an important detail. On the -O-Meter, Kucinich’s  rates as .
Statement: Only 56 coronavirus deaths a day was enough to collapse the world economy, even though thousands of people die daily from tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and other diseases.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 8, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: on social media
Fact-check justification: The post said that only 56 coronavirus deaths a day was enough to collapse the world economy, even though thousands of people die daily from tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and other diseases. For starters, the post chose March 9 as its date for coronavirus deaths, which was right before deaths soared. Subsequent daily totals show that coronavirus deaths have become larger than any other disease on the list. In addition, coronavirus poses special risks that may need to be ameliorated by economic closures. It spreads through the air, there is no vaccine or treatment, and by now it’s established itself in most countries, so in many cases, limiting casual contact between people may be the only effective way of stopping the virus’ spread. We rate the statement .
Statement: Ed Gillespie's "firm even lobbied for five foreign governments, including a dictator now awaiting trial for war crimes.
Speaker: mark warner
About the speaker: Mark Warner, a Democrat, has represented Virginia in the U.S. Senate since 2009. He serves on the Banking, Budget, Commerce and Intelligence committees. He is the honorary co-chairman of the Forward Together PAC.
Warner gave the keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Warner previously served as governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006. He also ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1996. Before public office, Warner was an early investor in the cell phone business, co-founded the company that became Nextel.
Warner was born in Indianapolis, Ind., and grew up in Illinois and Connecticut. Warner graduated from George Washington University, Washington, D.C. He received a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass.
Date: October 20, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: candidate biography;message machine 2014
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Warner’s ad says Gillespie’s "firm lobbied for five foreign governments, including a dictator now awaiting trial for war crimes." The ad -- which is carefully worded -- has a point that Gillespie’s firm lobbied for five foreign governments, including the Ivory Coast, whose former ruler, Gbagbo, is awaiting trial at the International Criminal Court. But the ad’s effort to link Gillespie to a brutal dictator lacks important context. Gillespie had been on leave from the firm for more than a year when the Ivory Coast deal was signed.  None of the company’s federal disclosures indicate Gillespie was involved in the representation of any foreign clients, and Gbagbo was charged with crimes against humanity for events that happened in 2010 and 2011, well after the firm’s relationship with the Ivory Coast ended. While there’s accuracy to Warner’s , it leaves out vital details. We rate it .
Statement: The White House fully cooperated with the Special Counsel's investigation.
Speaker: william barr
About the speaker: William Barr was the United States Attorney General during President Donald Trump's administration for most of 2019 and 2020.
Date: April 18, 2019
Location: national
Topics: elections;crime
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Barr said, "The White House fully cooperated with the Special Counsel’s investigation." Trump declined an in-person interview that Mueller’s team sought for more than a year. In response to Trump’s refusal, Mueller’s team agreed to accept written responses. But those contained more than 30 instances in which Trump claimed not to remember the information being sought, and Mueller ultimately concluded the responses were "inadequate." In addition, the president tried on multiple occasions to shut down or curtail the investigation itself, including ordering White House counsel to fire Mueller, a directive that was refused. We rate this .
Statement: Currently, almost 40 percent of people with HIV are not diagnosed until they already have developed AIDS. And that can be up to 10 years after they first are infected with HIV.
Speaker: fulton county health and wellness
About the speaker: this is the county health department in Fulton
Date: June 16, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: public health
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification:   The press release from Fulton County Health and Wellness promoting the week of testing for HIV states that almost 40 percent of people with the virus are not diagnosed until they already have developed AIDS. And that can be up to 10 years after they first are infected.   That specific statistic reportedly came from a national organization that is no longer in operation and appears high compared to the 24 percent figure reported t by the state and CDC.   But that still supports the health department’s overarching point about the need for early testing and treatment.   For that reason, we rate the statement .
Statement: New research says drinking wine is more important than exercise for living past 90.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 21, 2019
Topics: fake news;public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: "Keep in mind that I start studying people when they’re 90," Kawas said at the conference. "I think it’s very likely that individuals who have very excessive alcohol intake at younger ages don’t even make it to their 90s." The "About Us" page on higherperspectives.com said "everything contained on our website is an opinion formed by a well-informed group — but it’s still just an opinion — not fact or news of the who, what, when, etc." In this case, the story’s headline is . We rate it .
Statement: After Russia invaded Ukraine, Google Maps "opened all military and strategic facilities in Russia.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 18, 2022
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Google Maps started publishing high-quality satellite images of Russian military facilities. Google told PolitiFact that it has not made any changes to its satellite images of Russia. High-quality images of some of those Russian assets have been available online for years on Google services. We rate the post .
Statement: Says in the last 20 years, the French have not "stood by" the United States on foreign policy.
Speaker: rick santorum
About the speaker: Rick Santorum is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2012.
Date: February 17, 2012
Location: national
Topics: history;foreign policy;military
Context: a campaign event
Fact-check justification: Santorum’s mockery of France’s willingness to advance U.S. foreign policy goals is misplaced. It’s  that the two allies broke over Iraq policy, but that’s the exception rather than the rule. On a wide range of issues over two decades -- from the Persian Gulf War to the Balkans to Afghanistan to counter-terrorism to Iran sanctions -- France has worked diplomatically with the U.S. and has repeatedly put its troops in harm’s way. We rate Santorum’s statement .
Statement: Mitt Romney has been asked to lead Health and Human Services in Biden administration.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 7, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: It appears the story has been deleted; when we clicked on the link , it led to an error page. An archived version of the story shows it relied solely on the Buffalo Chronicle.    We rate this post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: About half the people who would qualify for Medicaid expansion in Florida "can buy a health care plan for $30 a month" on the federal health care exchange.
Speaker: will weatherford
About the speaker: State Rep. Will Weatherford, R-Wesley Chapel, is Florida's Speaker of the House for 2013-14.
Date: February 27, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: health care;medicaid
Context: an interview with the "Tampa Bay Times"
Fact-check justification: Weatherford said that about half of Florida residents who would qualify for a Medicaid expansion "can buy a health care plan for $30 a month on the exchange." Thanks to an unintended quirk of the law, there are somewhere between 300,000 and 400,000 people who can buy cheap coverage on the federal marketplace without the Medicaid expansion. Using premium tax credits, many could find insurance premiums below $30 a month. But that’s not half of the individuals who would have qualified for the Medicaid expansion. It’s actually a much lower number, closer to 25 to 33 percent, depending on the study. We rate the  .
Statement: Muslim figure: We must have pork-free menus or we will leave U.S.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 15, 2021
Topics: religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: There is no  to support the  that a Muslim person made this demand. The  originated in 2017 on a -news website and has been debunked by multiple outlets . The original story references a situation that happened in France, not in the United States, and it involved a mayor demanding that pork be kept on menus, not Muslims demanding that pork be removed from menus. The photo that accompanies the Facebook  was taken from a story on an unrelated subject that aired on CNN in 2015. We rate this  !
Statement: Donald Trump in 2020 "said he trusted the Taliban and then set in motion an even earlier exit" from Afghanistan.
Speaker: occupy democrats
About the speaker: Occupy Democrats, founded in 2012, is an advocacy group created to counterbalance the Republican tea party, and to "give President Obama and other progressive Democrats a Congress that will work with them to grow the economy, create jobs, promote fairness and fight inequality, and get money out of politics!"
Date: August 15, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;foreign policy;military;terrorism;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Occupy Democrats said that Trump in 2020 "said he trusted the Taliban and then set in motion an even earlier exit" from Afghanistan. We found no statements in which Trump said he trusted the Taliban. Trump signed a deal with the Taliban that, subject to conditions, would have resulted in the complete withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan by May 2021, months before Biden’s withdrawal of the troops.  We rate the statement . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this fact-check.
Statement: On 60 Minutes, Joe said he never met with Hunter and the Burisma CEO. Well, here he is with both.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 30, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Rather, Biden said he’d never spoken to his son about his overseas business dealings.   In either case, Biden didn’t mention Burisma during the "60 Minutes" interview, and the photo doesn’t show the Burisma CEO.   We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Actor Isaac Kappy was murdered for exposing Hollywood pedophiles.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 23, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: The post also accused several celebrities of pedophilia, NBC News reported. Kappy had previously alleged without  on conspiracy theorist Alex Jones’ radio show that Hanks, among other Hollywood stars, was a pedophile. This  made Kappy "a minor celebrity in Q-adjacent communities," Slate said . There’s no  to support the  that Hanks, or anyone, murdered Kappy. We rate this post !
Statement: Says Joe Biden "is even talking about taking the wall down.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 27, 2020
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a speech at the RNC
Fact-check justification: Biden opposes construction of barriers at the border, but has not said he would demolish existing structures. Trump’s  is . We rate it . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: In Florida alone, more than $3.5 billion a year is spent on health care and criminal justice for illegal immigrants.
Speaker: ritch workman
About the speaker: Ritch Workman is a Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives representing Disctrict 30 in the Melbourne area. He is a mortgage broker.
Date: June 6, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a 'Florida Today' opinion page article published
Fact-check justification: None of this adds up. We rate Workman's  . Correction: The Cato Institute is a libertarian Washington, D.C., policy group. As originally published, we mistakenly described the Cato Institute's political leaning.
Statement: Secretary Clinton changes her position on (gun issues) every election year, it seems, having one position in 2000 and then campaigning against President Obama and saying we don't need federal standards.
Speaker: martin o'malley
About the speaker: Martin O'Malley is the former governor of Maryland who is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He has also served as the mayor of Baltimore.
Date: December 19, 2015
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;guns
Context: the Dec. 19 Democratic presidential debate
Fact-check justification: O’Malley "Secretary Clinton changes her position on (gun issues) every election year, it seems, having one position in 2000 and then campaigning against President Obama and saying we don't need federal standards." In 2000, in the wake of the Columbine school shooting, Clinton was emphatic about her support for gun control. In 2008, she dropped her support for a gun license and registration proposal and positioned herself to the right of her major opponent, Obama. While Clinton also advocated for leaving some gun control to the states, she still advocated for federal gun control efforts, and she never said "we don’t need federal standards." In 2015, Clinton has been more forceful with her support for gun control than she was in 2008 -- closer to her rhetoric in 2000. O’Malley has a point that Clinton’s positioning on gun control has shifted between election cycles, but it wasn’t nearly as dramatic as he made it out to be. We rate his  .