chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The voting rights bill "would register millions of illegal aliens to vote. It is intended to do that.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: May 11, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: a meeting
Fact-check justification: But a section of the law instructs state agencies to share information for voter registration purposes only for citizens.  People are also required to attest to their citizenship under penalties of perjury. The bill also does not change the fact that local election agencies would still be required to vet an applicant’s voting eligibility, as they have done in the past.    Although glitches and malfunctions of automatic registration systems have been recorded, they are rare and easily corrected. We rate this  .
Statement: Says he has engaged in the political process "only in the past decade.
Speaker: charles koch
About the speaker: Charles G. Koch is chairman of the board and CEO of Koch Industries, Inc., a position he has held since 1967. He is also a major donor to libertarian causes.
Date: April 3, 2014
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;corporations
Context: a "Wall Street Journal" op-ed
Fact-check justification: Charles Koch wrote that "it was only in the past decade that I realized the need to also engage in the political process." Even if you ignore the deep reservoir of money Koch spent on "educational" and lobbying efforts -- expenditures that could plausibly be described as "political" -- Charles Koch personally gave a little more than $50,000 to candidates and political committees donations prior to 2004. And collectively, his brother and the PAC of the company they own directly supported candidates and political committees to the tune of $7 million over the same period. We rate his  .
Statement: Says that as a U.S. senator, Russ Feingold "voted against authorizing our military 11 separate times.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: July 19, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;foreign policy;military;terrorism
Context: a speech at the Republican convention
Fact-check justification: The 11 votes indicate a pretty clear pattern. But those were not votes to defund the military, given that appropriations bills provide funding. And experts told us conclusions can’t be drawn about why a lawmaker votes no on the NDAA, given that sometimes lawmakers oppose it because of certain policy provisions. Moreover, lawmakers on both ends of the political spectrum, including ex-military conservative Republicans, have voted against it over the years. For a statement that is partially accurate, we rate Johnson’s statement .
Statement: The Travis County propositions will not raise your taxes! If you are 65 or older, your property taxes are frozen.
Speaker: travis forward
About the speaker: Travis Forward, a political action committee formed in 2017, describes itself as a "steering committee of civic leaders, advocates, and elected officials is working together to ensure voters learn about the importance of Propositions A and B," bond proposals placed on the November 2017  ballot by the Travis County commissioners court.
Date: October 23, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: county budget;county government;taxes
Context: a mailer advocating voter approval of Travis County bond propositions
Fact-check justification: Travis Forward said in a mailer: "The Travis County propositions will not raise your taxes! If you are 65 or older, your property taxes are frozen." Neither  holds up, we found, in that the propositions pose future tax costs for property owners with specific projected amounts driven by the assessed value of properties and the county doesn’t freeze taxes for homeowners 65 or older. Rather, such a resident qualifies to exempt $80,000 of the taxable assessed value of their home from county taxes. We rate this two-part to-be-retracted  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said: "Two doses of the vaccine offers very limited protection, if any.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 13, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The quote in the post was part of remarks Bourla made in an interview. But he was referring specifically to the vaccine’s protection against infection by the omicron variant, not about their effectiveness against COVID-19 in general. He also said that three doses protect against severe disease.   This  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Colorado Rockies baseball team to sell marijuana brownies at their concession stands.
Speaker: empiresports.co
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: February 28, 2014
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: The owner of  both sides , Aaron Smith, confirmed to us that all its new sports stories are now also posted on EmpireNews.net. Smith didn’t know why his three-year-old Rockies story was still being shared as if it were recent, but he said he hadn’t noticed any appreciable increase in hits recently. He directed people to his site’s disclaimer. So don’t go looking for cannabis on the ballpark menu, is what we’re saying. We rate the statement !
Statement: Dark spots on potato chips are "infected with throat mold.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 7, 2022
Topics: agriculture;food;food safety;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims to show an image of a raw potato and potato chips infected with "throat mold" that should be thrown away and not eaten.  We found no references to an infection called "throat mold," and an expert told us the raw potato likely had ring rot, which is an infection of a potato’s vascular system and doesn’t harm humans.  The dark spots on a potato chip are also harmless and safe to eat.  We rate this  !
Statement: In her defeat of Republican Rep. Karen Handel, Democratic challenger Lucy McBath "was outspent 5-1.
Speaker: alexandria ocasio-cortez
About the speaker: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a Democrat, was elected to New York's 14th Congressional district seat in November 2018.
Date: November 19, 2018
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Ocasio-Cortez tweeted that McBath "was outspent 5-1" in her race against Handel. Even looking just at the candidates’ own money, Handel’s edge in fundraising and spending was no higher than 1.4-to-1. And once you include spending by outside groups, it was McBath who actually had the edge. We rate the statement .
Statement: San Francisco and Takoma Park, Md., are "allowing illegals to vote.
Speaker: adam putnam
About the speaker: Adam Putnam lost the Republican primary for Florida governor to U.S. Rep. Ron DeSantis in 2018. A former Republican Congressman from Congressional District 12 in Central Florida, was elected Florida Commissioner of Agriculture on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014.
Date: August 30, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Putnam said, San Francisco and Takoma Park are "allowing illegals to vote." In the November 2016 elections, San Francisco voted to allow noncitizens to vote for board of education members starting in the 2018 election. Takoma Park adopted a measure in 1992 to allow noncitizens to vote for mayor and city council members. Neither of the measures allow noncitizens to vote for candidates seeking other offices. Federal law allows noncitizens to vote in local elections if their municipalities allow it. Putnam's tweet leaves the impression that the cities give noncitizens broader voting power and that’s not the case. We rate it .
Statement: Lauren Boebert received a PPP loan for her restaurant.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 11, 2021
Topics: small business;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The PPP check was for a bar of the same name in a different state. My job is to stop misinformation, not to spread it; no excuse for getting this . I apologize to the congresswomen and you all. "  CNN reported that Cohen deleted the tweet after the network contacted Cohen to ask about the .     We rate this post .
Statement: In a vegan world there would be no pandemics. 100% of pandemics are zoonotic in origin.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 23, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Moby said, "In a vegan world there would be no pandemics. 100% of pandemics are zoonotic in origin." Scientists have found that the pandemics of the last 100 years have been zoonotic. And they say that most infectious disease in humans originates with animals. But that does not mean that worldwide adherence to veganism would eradicate pandemics. There are other sources by which disease can emerge — and consuming animals is not the only path by which disease can make the jump from animals to humans. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this .
Statement: Virginia women earn "only 79 cents to each dollar earned by men...
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: June 6, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: women;workers
Context: a fundraising letter
Fact-check justification: Tim Kaine said women earn 79 cents to each dollar that men earn in Virginia. Of the two databases that measure pay for men and women in each state, Kaine used the one with the smaller earning gap in Virginia and described its finding accurately. But gender pay is a complicated subject and there are many reasons -- in addition to discrimination -- why a gap exists: women tend to work fewer hours than men; they tend to choose lower paying professions than men; they tend to take more time off than men to tend to children. Kaine’s statement lacks this context. It creates an impression that men are being paid much more than women when their qualifications, occupations and work hours are the same. So we rate his statement .
Statement: Says Fulton County government hasn't raised its millage rate since 1991.
Speaker: john eaves
About the speaker: John Eaves, a Democrat, is chairman of the Fulton County Board of Commissioners
Date: May 3, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: To sum up, Eaves said the county has not increased its millage rate since 1991. But the millage rate in the South Fulton Special Services Fund, which affects about 90,000 people, has increased several times in recent years. Corbitt said the south Fulton millage rate increases are not relevant to the ongoing debate. Still, Eaves would have been more precise if he had specified the difference. We rate this  .
Statement: Democrats "want to tax your retirement funds to pay for their new trillion dollar power grab.
Speaker: common sense leadership fund
About the speaker: The Common Sense Leadership Fund is a political action committee aligned with the Republican Party.
Date: September 17, 2021
Location: national
Topics: retirement;taxes
Context: an attack ad
Fact-check justification: The Common Sense Leadership Fund said that Democrats "want to tax your retirement funds to pay for their new trillion dollar power grab."  The ad implies that this refers broadly to people with retirement savings accounts. In fact, the Democratic plan it alludes to targets a thin sliver of very wealthy individuals: about 3,600 taxpayers, those with retirement accounts worth over $10 million. It creates no new tax, but exposes these people to existing tax rules through caps on the amount they can contribute to tax-advantaged savings accounts. The proposed ban on conversions from traditional to Roth IRAs would affect over 100,000 people, but that still applies only to roughly the top 1% of earners. The  contains an element of  about changes to tax laws on retirement savings but ignores important facts about who is affected. We rate this  .
Statement: The first round of stimulus ... it created zero jobs.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: September 12, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;stimulus
Context: the CNN/Tea Party Express debate
Fact-check justification: Note the language "created or saved," which means not every one of those more than a million jobs count as "created," as Perry said. But certainly more than zero. Ask Billy Weston.   Perry said "the first round of stimulus ... created zero jobs." We say .
Statement: Small businesses in West Virginia "make up about 96 percent of our state's economy.
Speaker: joe manchin
About the speaker: Joe Manchin is a U.S. senator from West Virginia. The former governor of West Virginia won a special election in November 2010 to complete the balance of the late Sen. Robert Byrd’s term.
Date: March 21, 2018
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;small business
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Manchin said that small businesses in West Virginia "make up about 96 percent of our state's economy." This appears to be a case of mistaken terminology. Small businesses do make up nearly 99 percent of the state’s employers, but only half of its employees. The way it is worded, Manchin's   the output of small businesses and underplays the economic influence of large companies in the state.  We rate the statement .
Statement: A photo shows Air Force One at the 2020 Daytona 500.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 16, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: George W. Bush is the only other president to attend the event.   Presidents George H.W. Bush and Ronald Reagan attended the Pepsi 400, which is held at the Daytona International Speedway in the summer.   Like Trump, the younger Bush served as the race’s grand marshal and was also seeking re-election at the time of his visit. Nevertheless, this photo is missing context: It’s over 15 years old and two presidents removed from Trump. We rate it .
Statement: Says "as we sit right now, Medicare, if we do nothing, will be gone in eight years, if we do nothing to it.
Speaker: jon runyan
About the speaker: A former offensive tackle for the Philadelphia Eagles, Jon Runyan is a Republican Congressman representing New Jersey's 3rd district, which includes parts of Burlington, Camden and Ocean counties.
 
Date: May 4, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: an interview on NJTV’s “On the Record”
Fact-check justification: In a May 4 interview on "On the Record," Runyan claimed that "as we sit right now, Medicare, if we do nothing, will be gone in eight years, if we do nothing to it." One of Medicare’s two trust funds is on track to no longer fully cover certain benefits, but the entire program is not facing extinction. Even after that trust fund is exhausted in 2024, tax revenues would still cover more than 60 percent of projected costs for decades to follow. The second trust fund is to remain financially sound indefinitely. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Gov. Tony Evers brought Republicans and Democrats together to cut income taxes for the middle class.
Speaker: wisconsin initiative
About the speaker: The Wisconsin Initiative supports commonsense policies and solutions to issues facing Wisconsin working families.
Group supports access to affordable healthcare, fair representation in state government, economic empowerment, and equitable access to the ballot.
 
Date: February 23, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: bipartisanship;economy;taxes
Context: TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Wisconsin Initiative claimed Evers "brought Republicans and Democrats together to cut income taxes for the middle class." The end result of the maneuvering was that both sides — Evers and Legislative Republicans — signed off on tax cuts. But it was more the result of political maneuvering and budgetary good fortune than bipartisan outreach on the part of Evers. Our definition of  is a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.  That fits here.
Statement: Video showed police thank (Kyle Rittenhouse) & give him water prior to the killings
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 26, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says of Rittenhouse: "Video showed police thank him & give him water prior to the killings." Video taken 15 minutes before Rittenhouse allegedly shot and killed two people shows exactly that. Police thanked his group for their presence and gave them water. We rate this  .
Statement: Nearly a quarter of all adults in this state have some college credit without a degree.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: January 15, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;education;jobs
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: The "College Completion" report found that Wisconsin was second in the nation in high school completion rates, but 36th in high school graduates going straight to college. Our rating Touting a new flexible online option for finishing college degrees, Walker said that "nearly a quarter of all adults in this state have some college credit without a degree." His cautiously worded estimate is in range, with the clarification that he meant adults under 65 and over 24. The number who have some credit is 22.5 percent in the most recent data; Walker cited a study that used 2008 data and put the number at 22.8 percent. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says series of 11 photos are "from the 1918 flu pandemic.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 5, 2020
Topics: health care;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims 11 photos are "photos from the 1918 flu pandemic."  This is not the case. Five of the 11 photos are from the 1918 influenza pandemic time period; six are not. We rate this  .
Statement: Prosecutor Jack Smith "only targets Republicans.
Speaker: marjorie taylor greene
About the speaker: Marjorie Taylor Greene is a Republican representative from Georgia.
Date: July 18, 2023
Location: national
Topics: congress
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Greene said Smith "only targets Republicans." That’s . During his tenure as public corruption chief for the Justice Department, two Democratic senators were charged, Edwards and Menendez. When Smith left that job, he went to the U.S. Attorney’s Office in Nashville where his office prosecuted a judge who was an elected Democrat.  We rate this statement . RELATED : Ask PolitiFact: Who is Jack Smith, the special counsel in the Trump classified documents case? RELATED : 9 Trump claims about the Mar-a-Lago classified documents probe, fact-checked
Statement: One thing that is much more unpopular than the Affordable Care Act is repealing the Affordable Care Act.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: April 20, 2014
Location: national
Topics: congress;health care;polls and public opinion
Context: an interview on CNN's "State of the Union."
Fact-check justification: Elleithee says, "One thing that is much more unpopular than the Affordable Care Act is repealing the Affordable Care Act." Polls support that idea: Generally speaking, more people are against the idea of repeal than the Affordable Care Act. But how much of a difference varies. Elleithee said repeal is "much more unpopular" than Obamacare. While one respectable poll (Kaiser Family Foundation) could make that case, others were less definitive. We rate the statement .
Statement: Florida ranks 45th" in the nation for tuition.
Speaker: denise grimsley
About the speaker: Denise Grimsley is a state representative from Sebring. 
Date: January 31, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: For this fact-check, we're not looking at the case for or against college tuition increases. Instead, we wanted to see if Florida actually came in 45th in the nation for tuition costs, because we've heard that number cited so often. Using the most comprehensive survey of postsecondary education available, Florida does indeed rank 45th if you count the District of Columbia; otherwise, the state ranks 44th. The only states that have lower tuition than we do are West Virginia, New Mexico, Alaska, Utah, Louisiana and Wyoming. We rate this  .