chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court "is transparent.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 17, 2013
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;legal issues;terrorism
Context: an interview with Charlie Rose
Fact-check justification: Obama said that the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court "is transparent." We don’t doubt that there are good reasons for secrecy at the court, but if you’re going to operate a  secret court, you also don’t get to crow about how "transparent" it is. The president can’t have his cake and eat it, too. We rate his  .
Statement: Wisconsin is 49th in public health spending.
Speaker: jon erpenbach
About the speaker: Jon Erpenbach is a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Senate. He was elected to a Madison-area district in 1998.
Date: June 15, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;health care;state budget
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: In a retort about the state budget, Erpenbach said Wisconsin ranks 49th in the nation in public health spending.  While the state ranks next to last in the amount it received from the CDC, the picture is different when looking at state money. By that measure, Wisconsin ranks 42nd in the nation, according to the State Health Access Data Assistance Center.  Our definition of  is a statement that is "partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context." That fits here.
Statement: It is the decision of the President," not governors, to "open up the states.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 13, 2020
Topics: states;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said "it is the decision of the President," not governors, to "open up the states." The White House provided no  to show that it is up to Trump and not the governors to reopen the states. The governors used their authority to issue emergency orders to close non-essential businesses and public spaces such as beaches and swimming pools, and they can use their powers to reopen them. Trump can pressure governors to act as he sees fit, but he has not provided  that he can decide whether to reopen the states. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Joe Biden and Kamala Harris support abortion "up to the moment of birth.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: October 7, 2020
Topics: abortion;debates;health care
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: One expert said that Democrats’ intent to codify Roe could preempt state laws restricting abortion, and that a related case has a health exception broad enough to allow abortions "up to the moment of birth." But several other experts said that supporting Roe or related cases is not the same as supporting abortion "up to the moment of birth." They said that generally, people who support Roe mean they support the existence of a right to have an abortion or to not criminalize it. Pence’s  creates a  impression of Biden’s and Harris’ statements and of the common interpretation of cases that affirmed abortion rights. We rate his  .
Statement: Grocery prices "have risen significantly over the past year or so.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: November 7, 2010
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;economy;history
Context: a prepared speech
Fact-check justification: Strictly speaking, grocery prices have generally risen at historically sluggish rates during the period Palin is talking about. However, important food categories, including meat and dairy products, have risen at much faster rates. And in a time of shrinking family incomes, Americans are indeed paying slightly more for food as a percentage of their income. These two additional pieces of information make Palin's observation about grocery prices understandable, even if it isn't borne out in the most widely tracked statistics. So we rate her statement .
Statement: Florida is "the largest dog-racing state in the country.
Speaker: maria sachs
About the speaker: Maria Sachs is a state senator from Delray Beach, Fla.
Date: January 17, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: animals;gambling;tourism
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: There’s Derby Lane in St. Petersburg, Mardi Gras near Hollywood, the Daytona Beach Kennel Club and Poker Room, and Jefferson County Kennel Club in the rural North Florida town of Monticello. The ASPCA numbers match up with a Florida Senate committee analysis and information from Grey2K USA , a nonprofit organization that campaigns against greyhound racing. Commercial dog racing is illegal in 38 states, according to the group’s state-by-state comparison of dog-racing laws . Opponents and supporters can agree on one thing: Sachs’  that Florida is the nation’s largest dog-racing state is deserved. We rate it .
Statement: Originally, Democrats promised that if you liked your health care plan, you could keep it. One year later we know that you need a waiver to keep your plan.
Speaker: morgan griffith
About the speaker: Morgan Griffith, a Republican congressman, represents Virginia's 9th District, which includes much of Southwest and part of Southside Virginia. He was first elected to the U.S. House in 2010. He serves on the House's Energy and Commerce Committee, which includes assignments on the Health, Energy and Power, and Oversight and Investigations subcommittees.
He previously served in Virginia's House of Delegates from 1994 to 2011 and was the House Majority Leader beginning in 2000.
Griffith graduated in 1980 from Emory and Henry College, Emory, and obtained a law degree in 1983 from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington.
Date: March 25, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: health care
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: His press secretary told us  the congressman was only talking about limited-benefit plans, although Griffith made no such distinction in his writing. About 2.6 million Americans are covered by limited-benefit plans. That’s a tiny percentage of the 160 million people who have employer-sponsored health coverage, and millions more who have other forms of coverage. Contrary to what Griffith said, very few Americans will need a waiver to keep their health-care plan. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says she was the first in her family to go to a four-year college.
Speaker: katie mcginty
About the speaker: Katie McGinty is a Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate from Pennsylvania. She is a former secretary of the state Department of Environmental Protection and served as Governor Tom Wolf's chief of staff.
Date: June 3, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: education
Context: On the 'About' page of McGinty's campaign website
Fact-check justification: U.S. Senate candidate Katie McGinty’s campaign website claims she was first person in her family to go to a four-year college. She’s elided this statement further through the course of her campaign. But documentation from La Salle, a four-year institution, shows her brother, John McGinty, graduated from the university in 1973 with a bachelor’s of arts, and the university confirmed to Buzzfeed he started attending the school in 1971. John took a different route to a four-year college by first attending Philadelphia Community College, so McGinty was the first in her family to attend *only* a four-year college directly out of high school. But the language used on McGinty’s website and at other times throughout her campaign doesn’t include this important distinction. We rate McGinty’s  .
Statement: Joe Biden's Dept. of Energy Blocked Texas from Increasing Power Ahead of Killer Storm
Speaker:  infowars
About the speaker: Infowars is a conspiracy oriented website run by Alex Jones.
Date: February 20, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: InfoWars wrote that the Energy Department "Blocked Texas from Increasing Power Ahead of Killer Storm." That’s  — the Energy Department did the opposite. On the same day that ERCOT asked the government to allow power plants to exceed federal emissions caps, the Energy Department granted the request. The emergency order helped Texas increase its power production during what became a devastating winter storm. InfoWars’ article is  and . We rate it !
Statement: A black person is four times as likely as a white person to be incarcerated for the exact same crime.
Speaker: pete buttigieg
About the speaker: Pete Buttigieg is the Transportation secretary under President Joe Biden. Buttigieg was elected mayor of South Bend, Ind., in 2011 and was re-elected in 2015. He decided not to seek re-election and his term ended in January 2020. From 2009 to 2017, he served in the U.S. Navy Reserve and was a lieutenant. He received a bachelor’s degree in history and literature from Harvard College and a first-class honors bachelor’s degree in philosophy, politics and economics from Pembroke College as a Rhodes Scholar. He ran for president in the 2020 Democratic primaries.
Date: July 4, 2019
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: Carrol, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Buttigieg said "a black person is four times as likely as a white person to be incarcerated for the exact same crime." There’s ample data documenting disparities between African Americans and whites in the criminal justice system, but neither we nor criminal justice experts could find  to support Buttigieg’s specific assertion. We rate the statement .
Statement: The Biden administration is bringing amendments that would propose that all nations of the earth cede their sovereignty over national health care decisions to the WHO.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: May 9, 2022
Location: national
Topics: global news service;public health;coronavirus
Context: an interview on Steve Bannon's "War Room" podcast
Fact-check justification: Bachmann said "the Biden administration is bringing amendments that would propose that all nations of the earth cede their sovereignty over national healthcare decisions to the WHO." The Biden administration proposal is publicly available online. It seeks to compel the WHO to engage more assertively when a health risk emerges, and to share any information it gleans with the international community more quickly. It requires the WHO to recommend actions to the affected country, and offer expertise. The sanction for nations who reject WHO assistance is public exposure. Nothing in the Biden administration proposal matches Bachmann’s interpretation. We rate this  .
Statement: The federal government can tell General Motors what to charge for its automobiles.
Speaker: phil gingrey
About the speaker: Phil Gingrey, a Republican, is a congressman from Georgia
Date: September 25, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: bankruptcy;financial regulation
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: "It's easy to overstate how overinterventionist the government is being," Zaring said. There's no written language in the GM contract with the federal government that states Uncle Sam has any control over vehicle pricing. The board has not gotten involved in such matters, according to GM and others who have paid attention. We found no  that the federal government could influence pricing, aside from Zaring's suggestion that "it's possible" that board members could involve themselves in such matters. Therefore, we rate Gingrey's statement that the federal government could tell GM what to charge for its automobiles as .
Statement: Says Ohio U.S. Rep. Steve Chabot "voted to cut health care for kids, affecting up to half the families at Cincinnati's own Children's Hospital.
Speaker: house majority pac
About the speaker: House Majority PAC is the biggest-spending Democratic super PAC operating in the House landscape.
Date: October 26, 2018
Location: national
Topics: children;health care;medicaid
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The House Majority PAC says Chabot voted to take away children’s health care, impacting about half of the kids at Cincinnati’s Children’s Hospital. It revolves around Chabot’s vote for the Republican-backed American Health Care Act, which was estimated to have reduced $880 billion in Medicaid spending over the next 10 years, a program on which millions of poor children rely. If the House (or Senate) version of AHCA had passed, the financial restructuring of Medicaid could have resulted in severe cuts to the program, and thus, children losing health coverage. But the exact impact on patients at Cincinnati’s Children’s Hospital is unclear, and Chabot's vote wasn't specific to the hospital. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Luc Montagnier said, "There is no hope and no possible treatment for those who have been vaccinated already. We must be prepared to incinerate the bodies.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 22, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: RAIR Foundation USA, which describes itself as Americans "leading a movement to reclaim our Republic from the network of individuals and organizations waging war on Americans, our Constitution, our borders and our Judeo-Christian values," shared the clip on May 18 under the headline: "Bombshell: Nobel Prize winner reveals — COVID vaccine is ‘creating variants.’" But another post on the foundation’s website a week later disputed what it characterized as "lies" that falsely attributed to Montagnier the quote that all vaccine recipients would die in two years.   We couldn’t find any  that Montagnier made the statement that appears in the Facebook post. There are no credible sources corroborating this online, nor any news coverage reporting on the scientist’s claims.   We rate this post .
Statement: Photos show "diesel generators" at the COP26 climate change conference.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: November 9, 2021
Topics: climate change;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Aggreko told PolitiFact that the photo shows units that appear to be at the conference, but they are not diesel generators. They are electric air handlers, chillers and heaters. The company said it also is providing the conference with generators powered by fossil-free hydrotreated vegetable oil, a form of biodiesel that is much less polluting than petroleum-based diesel fuel. After we began work on this fact-check, the COP26 Twitter account replied to the tweet and disputed the .   We rate the tweet .
Statement: Says former Sen. George Allen voted four times to raise his own pay.
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: July 21, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: voting record
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Kaine says Allen voted four times to increase his pay in the Senate. None of the votes that Kaine cites was a simple question on whether lawmakers will increase their pay. Three of them were procedural votes in which Allen opposed amendments that would have kept an automatic, yearly cost-of-living increase from going into effect. Allen’s votes in those instances helped stop efforts to cancel the pay hikes. The fourth instance Kaine lists was not a direct vote on congressional salaries. In that case, Allen supported a massive, $90 billion transportation and treasury appropriations bill that included $2 million for an automatic, cost-of-living pay raise. Only three of the four votes Kaine cited specifically focused on congressional pay raises. So we rate Kaine’s statement .
Statement: For only the second time since 2000, there are more job openings than Americans who are unemployed.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: August 10, 2018
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party tweeted, "For only the second time since 2000, there are more job openings than Americans who are unemployed." In March, April, May and June, the number of job openings was higher than the number of unemployed Americans -- the first time since that has happened since both statistics were calculated. That’s four times rather than two, so the tweet actually undersold the accomplishment. We rate the statement .
Statement: (Joe) Biden just gets up and leaves during a live TV interview.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 30, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook video
Fact-check justification: "Don’t go anywhere. It’s a very exciting day around here. We’ll have reaction and analysis to everything we just heard from the president. We’ll be back after a short break." We rate the  that a video shows Biden left abruptly amid a live TV interview .
Statement: I voted to fund President Trump's wall.
Speaker: joe manchin
About the speaker: Joe Manchin is a U.S. senator from West Virginia. The former governor of West Virginia won a special election in November 2010 to complete the balance of the late Sen. Robert Byrd’s term.
Date: June 14, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: immigration
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Manchin said, "I voted to fund President Trump’s wall." Manchin has offered various opinions about the merits of a border wall over time. However, when it came to votes, we found a clear instance in which Manchin supported a Trump-backed, hard-line immigration bill with border wall provisions that was too conservative even for a sizable portion of the Republican caucus. We rate the statement .
Statement: NCAA strips Lia Thomas of National Championship After 'Unfavorable' Test Results.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: May 11, 2023
Topics: lgbtq;sports
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: It said that "everything on this website is fiction." There are no new reports or statements from the NCAA that say Thomas’ title was revoked. NCAA records for 2022 still show her first-place finish for the 500-yard freestyle. In July 2022, she was nominated for the NCAA Woman of the Year award. We rate this  .
Statement: Warren Buffett called credit default swaps financial weapons of mass destruction. And Greene was the first individual to use them.
Speaker: kendrick meek
About the speaker: Kendrick Meek is a former U.S. Representative for Congressional District 17 in Miami, serving from 2003 to 2011. He campaigned for the U.S. Senate and was defeated on Nov. 2, 2010.
Date: August 11, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography;financial regulation;message machine 2010
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Buffett, in 2003 comments, described derivatives bought speculatively as financial weapons of mass destruction. That would include credit default swaps. And while people invested in credit default swaps before Greene through hedge funds, Greene is believed to be the first individual to do so on his own. Meek's new ad much more accurately describes the relationship between Buffett, Greene and his investments. We rate the statement .
Statement: We expanded charter" schools.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: January 8, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: education
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: McDonnell, citing accomplishments during his term, said charter schools in Virginia "expanded" during his administration. The number rose from three to six --  a ripple in a nation of about 6,000 charter schools. The tiny increase underscores a larger  unmentioned by McDonnell: He was unable to change state laws that are highly unfavorable to charter schools. Adding three new new charter schools does represent a expansion, however. McDonnell’s statement is accurate but omits the context: Virginia still has just a handful of charter schools. We rate the statement Half .