chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: After the American Rescue Plan's food and nutrition assistance, "hunger is already sharply down in the United States.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: May 5, 2021
Location: national
Topics: poverty
Context: remarks
Fact-check justification: Biden said after the American Rescue Plan’s food and nutrition assistance, "hunger is already sharply down in the United States." The number of adults who have told the Census that they sometimes or often don’t have enough food in the past week declined this spring. The decline coincided with the American Rescue Plan, signed into law in March, which included a new round of stimulus checks and food assistance programs. But there are a lot of moving parts that have contributed to the hunger decline, including previous legislation, schools reopening and the recovering economy. We rate this statement .  RELATED: Why it’s hard to link school reopenings to Biden’s efforts RELATED: Fact-checking Joe Biden on the American Rescue Plan RELATED: Joe Biden’s plan to cut child poverty by half: What you need to know
Statement: Since China joined — that's another beauty — the WTO in 2001, the U.S. has lost many more than 60,000 factories.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 20, 2017
Location: national
Topics: china;economy;trade
Context: remarks at a Kentucky rally
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Since China joined — that’s another beauty — the WTO in 2001, the U.S. has lost many more than 60,000 factories." According to Census data, the United States has lost more than 60,000 factories since 2001. Economic experts told us that at least some of these losses can be attributed to increased trade with China, though there is not universal agreement on the extent of that impact. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Says Detroit-area law enforcement is searching for a 'vigilante' serial killer after three pedophiles were killed in one week
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: September 30, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Messages sent to both the NBC 9 News and the CBS 15 News websites were not answered. Reached by phone, Eric Ehrler, a detective sergeant with the Macomb County sheriff's office, said the story is . "Don't know where it came from, and there's no information that it is accurate at all," he said. The NBC News affiliate in Detroit, WDIV Local 4 , responded to the  headline by writing its own story on the hoax: "There are several NBC affiliates throughout the country that broadcast on a virtual channel 9," writes Brian Newland in an article on WDIV’s website , "but none of them appear to be associated with nbc9news.com." We rate the headline .
Statement: Many of the 9/11 conspirators came from the Muslim Brotherhood, including Osama bin Laden, Ayman Zawahiri and Khalid Sheikh Mohammed.
Speaker: glenn beck
About the speaker: Glenn Beck is the host of The Glenn Beck Program, a nationally syndicated talk-radio show. He also hosts an Internet-based TV show. Beck formerly hosted a television talk show on CNN Headline News and then Fox News.
Date: January 31, 2011
Location: national
Topics: history;foreign policy;pundits;religion;terrorism
Context: his radio program
Fact-check justification: Each has disavowed the other, and each has charted a different path to power (at least publicly). "The real question -- what the Brotherhood is -- is very much an open question," Byman said. "In Egypt, in a way, we don't know. It's hard to know what part of its rhetoric to believe." But by failing to even mention the divide between the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Qaida, Beck has left out key context in his history lesson, and so we rate his statement .
Statement: Val Demings supports abortion up until the moment of birth.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: September 6, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: abortion;congress;women
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Demings said at least three times that she supports abortion up to "the point of viability," or when the fetus can survive outside the womb.   She also said she supports abortion after fetal viability if the pregnancy "threatens the health of the woman," and voted for a bill that affirmed that stance.   Physicians already have a legal responsibility to intervene when a patient's life is at risk. And most states that limit abortion to a specific gestational stage include an exception for medical emergencies. We rate this  .
Statement: The governor's not taking his own fiscal advice. ... In the first fiscal quarter of this year, we've seen a 13.5 percent increase in spending, double-digit spending out of the executive branch in the State of Texas.
Speaker: debra medina
About the speaker: Debra Medina, a Wharton businesswoman, sought the 2010 GOP nomination for governor.
Date: January 29, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: economy;state budget
Context: a Republican gubernatorial debate
Fact-check justification: One caution: Virtually every agency official and government watcher we spoke with warned against drawing conclusions about spending or budget trends by solely looking at one quarter of activity, partly because spending can fluctuate based on when various grants and loans are passed through. Finally: Medina is correct that overall spending by agencies in the executive portion of state government went up 13.5 percent in the first quarter. But placing the responsibility at Perry’s feet isn't justified. The largest chunk of the spent money came from the federal government, and the bulk of the remaining "executive branch" expenditures took place in agencies run by other elected officials. We rate Medina's statement as .
Statement: 55 percent of the people who cast a provisional ballot (in Florida) in the last presidential election -- their vote did not count.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: May 2, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: In the 2010 fall election, local canvassing boards considered 13,181 provisional ballots. Canvassing boards wound up counting 9,790 of the votes and tossing out 3,391 provisional ballots -- or 25.7 percent of the total number of provisional ballots. Nelson said that "55 percent of the people who cast a provisional ballot (in Florida) in the last presidential election -- their vote did not count." Two slight clarifications: Nelson is slightly high on the percentage , and he fails to note that the percentage of provisional ballots counted improved greatly in 2010. We rate this  .
Statement: The new health care law crushes small businesses "with billions in penalties.
Speaker: u.s. chamber of commerce
About the speaker: From the chamber's Web site: "The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world's largest business federation representing 3 million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. More than 96% of U.S. Chamber members are small businesses with 100 employees or fewer."
Date: October 5, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care;message machine 2010;small business
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Meanwhile, almost all small businesses -- those with fewer than 50 employees -- are exempt from penalties, whether they offer insurance or not. Some small businesses are larger than 50 employees and could face fines if they don't offer employees insurance. But a vast majority of U.S. firms are smaller than 50 employees and are exempt from the health insurance requirements. The chamber's ad is sweeping, and doesn't account for any of the positive provisions that don't "crush" small business but actually help them. So we rate the Chamber's statement .
Statement: Last year it was discovered that Rhode Island's public employees ranked 4th in average pay, while the private sector ranked 23rd.
Speaker: travis rowley
About the speaker: Travis Rowley is a Brown University graduate and chairman of the Rhode Island Young Republicans.
Date: February 22, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;labor;workers
Context: a web commentary
Fact-check justification: * Rowley said the data "was discovered" last year, but the report he cites is from 2009. Correctly citing bad information -- attributed or not -- doesn’t make a speaker’s statement . Rowley could have uncovered the problem if he had examined the original source material. But because the latest numbers from one federal database are somewhat close to Rowley’s assessment, we rate his statement  .
Statement: If there's a government shutdown, "people don't get their Social Security checks.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: February 15, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;social security
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: While Obama had said that if there’s a government shutdown, "people don’t get their Social Security checks," the reality is that the law provides significant leeway for employing federal workers to carry out Social Security functions during a shutdown, which allowed most checks to go out in 1995. On the other hand, making that approach work depends on the president utilizing his authority, and on Congress not blocking him from carrying it out. It’s also possible, as Carney suggests, that depending on the number of Social Security employees assigned to work, certain customer services may become unavailable during a shutdown, such as checks not going out to new beneficiaries or those with address changes. Ultimately, the law and history suggest that it’s likely that checks will go out, though it’s not a certainty. On balance, we rate Obama’s statement .
Statement: We've created more jobs in the United States than every other advanced economy combined since I came into office.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: November 9, 2014
Location: national
Topics: jobs
Context: an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "We've created more jobs in the United States than every other advanced economy combined since I came into office." Using a straight definition of advanced economic nations from the International Monetary Fund, Obama is slightly off. The United States has added less jobs than a group of 35 other advanced economic nations combined, not more. However, you can make the argument that two countries on the list -- Hong Kong and Taiwan -- should be excluded. What’s equally and perhaps more noteworthy is that when you look at the rate of job growth, which accounts for population differences, the United States trails other advanced nations. Overall, we rate Obama's  .
Statement: Under President Obama: $4,000 tax hike on middle-class families.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 10, 2012
Location: national
Topics: message machine 2012;taxes
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The Romney campaign ad says Obama’s policies are a $4,000 tax hike on the middle class. But their  is a study from the American Enterprise Institute that looks at public debt. The campaign makes a giant leap when it assumes the debt will be serviced with increased taxes on all income levels and in the time frame it suggests. We actually don’t know how the tax code will spread around the pain of paying for the debt; right now, Obama is proposing tax increases only on higher income households. Finally, we should point out that debt payments would rise even if Romney wins the presidency. If you accept the ad's logic, then you'd have to accept that Romney too plans tax increases for the middle class. The campaign distorts the meaning of the study to score political points. We rate this statement .
Statement: Obama "voted for ... $3-million for an overhead projector at a planetarium in Chicago.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: October 7, 2008
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: Nashville, Tenn
Fact-check justification: “I think for most voters it’s a fine line to draw,” Ellis said. We originally rated McCain’s statement as  when we confined our review to the earmark issue. But after several readers alerted us to the  nature of the projector, we decided further reporting and study of the details of the project were required. McCain is right that Obama sought the money (though not a vote), but because McCain mischaracterizes the size of the projector to enhance his argument that money is being wasted, we have changed our ruling. We say .
Statement: A dog endured "unimaginable pain and suffering" during heart research experiments, "just one of 300 killed in (Dr. Mehmet) Oz's lab.
Speaker: senate majority pac
About the speaker: Senate Majority PAC is a super PAC that works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: October 11, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: animals;candidate biography;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Senate Majority PAC said a dog endured "unimaginable pain and suffering" during heart research experiments, "just one of 300 killed in (Dr. Mehmet) Oz’s lab."  The ad’s focus on a dog known as 6313 is . An internal investigation by Columbia University said "appropriate veterinary care" was given to this animal, which suffered loss of blood and difficulty breathing. The investigation said lab records did not say why two other dogs in Oz’s experiments were kept alive, one for two days and one for three weeks, after being paralyzed.  On the bigger issue of dog deaths, Oz’s campaign did not dispute a published report that more than 300 dogs were euthanized during experiments in a Columbia research lab Oz supervised from 1989 to 2010. The campaign said other researchers conducted the tests and provided veterinary care in the lab. The ad’s  is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Almost all of the polls that have come out suggest that I am a much stronger candidate against the Republicans than is Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: January 19, 2016
Location: national
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: Underwood, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "Almost all of the polls that have come out suggest that I am a much stronger candidate against the Republicans than is Hillary Clinton." The NBC News/ Wall Street Journal national poll released before Sanders' statement supports his  for Trump, but it has no data against Cruz or Rubio. Earlier polls say he doesn't outperform Clinton at all against Cruz, Rubio or Bush, and the narrow races combined with the margins of error make his contention even more dubious. Beating Clinton in only two of eight hypothetical matchups is far from "almost all." The statement is not accurate, so we rate it . Poll GOP opponent Who ranks higher Point advantage NBC / WSJ Trump Sanders 5 Quinnipiac Trump Sanders 6 Quinnipiac Cruz Clinton 1 Quinnipiac Rubio Clinton 4 PPP Trump Clinton 5 PPP Cruz Clinton 3 PPP Rubio Clinton 2 PPP Bush Clinton 6
Statement: We pay among the highest tolls in the nation for the privilege of crossing that bridge.
Speaker: loretta weinberg
About the speaker: Loretta Weinberg is a Democratic state senator representing Bergen County.
Date: November 14, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: transportation
Context: an interview on the John Gambling radio program
Fact-check justification: Weinberg said recently about the George Washington Bridge, "We pay among the highest tolls in the nation for the privilege of crossing that bridge." The highest bridge toll in the region belongs to the MTA-operated Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, at $15, but the George Washington span and three others are close behind, at $13. Major toll bridges elsewhere in the country aren’t even close, save for the 17-mile Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel, whose $13 toll will jump to $15 on Jan. 1. Experts we spoke with cite varying factors for why the George Washington Bridge’s toll costs what it does, but the bottom line is that Weinberg’s assessment about where the cost ranks nationwide is accurate. We rate her  . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says Donald Trump said, "Alec Baldwin, a total loser, has taken his impression of me to a new low by testing out this theory" by shooting someone.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 27, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: He mused about taxes , a political rally in Virginia , gas prices , a New York Post story , a Red State story , an American Greatness story , Sen. Chuck Grassley , another New York Post story , and immigrants at the border .       Searching the site we found only one statement that mentions Baldwin. In June, Trump wrote that Baldwin "has no talent, certainly when it comes to imitating me. "  When we searched the internet more broadly for a statement from Trump that began "a great president (me) once said," we found images on meme sites but nothing official from the former president.   We rate this post .
Statement: A Georgia religious freedom bill would help Catholic institutions that, under Obamacare, could be forced to provide abortion-inducing drugs.
Speaker: josh mckoon
About the speaker: Josh McKoon, a Republican, is a Georgia state senator from Columbus.
Date: February 24, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: religion
Context: Talking with reporters about his bill
Fact-check justification: His bill did not make the Senate calendar for Monday, the last day for most bills to clear at least one chamber with a serious chance of passing this session. McKoon said he wants Georgia to become the latest state to have a religious freedom law on the books. But our fact check looked specifically at his comment that his bill would create a law that would serve as  "another tool in the tool kit of those who are fighting on the Obamacare front --- Catholic health institutions who are being asked to provide abortion services, that sort of thing." We don’t see that he has made that case. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Barack Obama "promised he would cut the deficit in half" but didn't.
Speaker: lenny curry
About the speaker: Lenny Curry is chairman of the Republican Party of Florida. His current term expires in January 2013.
Date: March 4, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: federal budget
Context: an interview on "Political Connections"
Fact-check justification: Back in 2009, shortly after he was inaugurated, Obama did promise to cut the deficit in half by the end of his first term. He has not been able to keep that promise, however. Obama said recently the reason for that is the economic downturn was much worse than expected, which in turn drove down tax revenues and drove up spending on things like unemployment and aid to the states. Curry, the head of the Republican Party of Florida, said that Obama "promised he would cut the deficit in half. We know what's happened there." He prefaced it with a simple statement that Obama would have to run on his record. The record supports Curry’s statement, so we rate his statement .