chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Gov. Rick Perry's administration has proposed ending immunizations for 113,000 kids.
Speaker: mike villarreal
About the speaker: Mike Villarreal, a House member since 2000, resigned his seat on the cusp of the 2015 legislative session to run for mayor of San Antonio.
Date: September 7, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: children;health care;state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: While the state acknowledges that half the children would no longer be served under the immunization program — and some of those may have insurance coverage — it expects the rest would still get their shots at public health clinics. However, it says it doesn't yet know exactly how those immunizations would be paid for. We rate Villarreal's statement . Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: Says his office "has already recovered over $2 billion from Wall Street for the workers, retirees, and investors who were harmed.
Speaker: richard cordray
About the speaker: Richard Cordray is running for Ohio governor in 2018. Cordray was appointed as the first director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau during President Barack Obama's administration. He is the former attorney general of Ohio and a Democrat.
Date: July 6, 2010
Location: ohio
Context: a statement posted to his website
Fact-check justification: Still, Johnson asserts, "I don’t know that I would use the term recover." "Recovery suggests that the thief got away and that you chased him down and got what he stole back," he said. "In this case, it’s more like you prevented it from happening—he didn’t really get away with the theft." Because Cordray is taking credit for a $97.5 million settlement done by his predecessor and because $804 million worth of canceled stock options from a Minneapolis-based health care company account for almost half of his "over $2 billion recovered" from "Wall Street," we find his  to be . Comment on this item .
Statement: Dubai is the only country with huge amounts of imported workers that's actually passed legislation to give these immigrant workers a better deal in the Middle East.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: April 18, 2010
Location: national
Topics: immigration;human rights;israel;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: But even the U.S. State Department's report suggests the UAE has a long way to go on this issue.   In short, that's an awful lot of context left out by Clinton. He implies that the Israeli-Palenstinian conflict has crowded out some good news in the region. But the  suggests the news still isn't all that good. We rate his statement .
Statement: Just the last three weeks, on average about 23,000 women, children, men are coming over across the border illegally as family units or as unaccompanied children.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: May 26, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: border security;homeland security
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Johnson said about 23,000 people per week are crossing the southern border illegally as family units or unaccompanied children. The data used to reach that number doesn’t quite match the way Johnson described it, so the actual number was a little under 22,000 per week in May. So he’s very close. If we look at all apprehensions at the southern border, the number is well over what Johnson cited. And his general point about the increasing number of apprehensions at the border is correct. We rate this  .
Statement: Foreign Trade Zones allow U.S. "land to be inhabited by Chinese communists -- communists straight from China! They are to set up little towns and live here.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: February 7, 2011
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;trade
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: Whatever one thinks of the policy benefits of FTZs, the idea put forth by the chain e-mail -- that Foreign Trade Zones allow "land to be inhabited by Chinese communists -- communists straight from China! They are to set up little towns and live here" -- is . FTZs are U.S. territory, and subject to U.S. laws, in every way except for certain tax and duty laws, and in any case, "Chinese communists," and almost everyone else, are barred by law from residing in them. The e-mail takes a longstanding part of U.S. law and turns it into a communist plot to take over the country. We consider that , and rate it !
Statement: China threatens to shoot Nancy Pelosi's plane down if she visits Taiwan.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 31, 2022
Topics: congress;foreign policy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The statement did not originate with China’s government. It was from a tweet by Hu Xijin, former chief editor of and now commentator for the Chinese nationalist newspaper Global Times. He later deleted the tweet. Some media accounts have attempted to portray Hu as speaking for the Chinese government, but  does not support the  that the government sanctioned his comments. We rate this  .
Statement: Medicaid spending declined by 1.9 percent in 2012, the second such decline in 47 years.
Speaker: kathleen sebelius
About the speaker: Kathleen Sebelius, a Democrat, was the U.S. Health and Human Services secretary from April 2009 through June 2014. She served as Governor of Kansas from 2003 to 2009.
Date: August 12, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: medicaid
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: The reports we reviewed confirm her . She was making a much larger point: That Medicaid costs might not increase as rapidly as some had predicted, even though they will still go higher. The federal government has warned spending is going to rise again sharply in the next few years. Her  is accurate but could have used a little more context. We rate this  as .
Statement: Says Obama policies contributed to gas prices rising from $1.89 in January 2009 to $3.51 today.
Speaker: roger williams
About the speaker: Roger Williams won election to represent the newly created Congressional District 25 in 2012. He is a former Texas secretary of state, the state's chief elections officer. He was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2001 as chairman of the Republican National Finance Committee’s Eagles fundraising program and also has served as state finance chair for John Cornyn's 2002 Senate campaign, according to his campaign website.
Date: July 1, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: economy;energy;gas prices
Fact-check justification: Williams said Obama policies caused gas prices to rise from $1.89 in 2009 to $3.51 today. He’s got the prices correct, but experts say presidents don’t generally have the ability to make them rise or fall and didn’t see that reversing Alaska, Gulf or Keystone policies would have necessarily kept prices from rising as much. But the big problem with ascribing this specific jump to Obama is the failure to point out that prices collapsed right before he took office. Leaving out the economy’s epic, history-making collapse might ordinarily earn such a  a  rating. Because Williams cited prices accurately, we’ll rate his  as .
Statement: We've seen a remarkable reduction in the number of Americans being executed -- it's down nearly two-thirds over the past generation.
Speaker: david frum
About the speaker: David Frum is senior editor at the Atlantic. He served as a speechwriter for George W. Bush.
Date: June 3, 2014
Topics: criminal justice;punditfact
Context: comments on "Real Time with Bill Maher"
Fact-check justification: Frum said, "We’ve seen a remarkable reduction in the number of Americans being executed -- it’s down nearly two-thirds over the past generation." Statistics show that executions in the United States have been generally decreasing since 1999 and are down about 60 percent from 1999 to 2013. Frum could have been more specific on his timeframe, but his point is largely on the mark. We rate his  .
Statement: What did Joe Manchin say about civility? Today, he said he wanted to 'beat the living crap out of' his Republican opponent during their debate.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: November 3, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party tweeted, "What did Joe Manchin say about civility? Today, he said he wanted to ‘beat the living crap out of’ his Republican opponent during their debate, at a campaign rally in Marmet. #WVSen " This uses a portion of Manchin’s remarks, leaving out the fact that Manchin had prefaced that comment by saying, "It took every bit of my discipline not to" beat up Morrisey. That said, even the substance of what Manchin did say conflicts with a high-profile civility pledge he made in February 2018. The tweet needs clarification, so we rate it .
Statement: After years of 5.5 percent average tuition increases, we now have a two-year tuition freeze for the first time in the history of the UW System.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: January 22, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Two-year colleges: After the four-year freeze, tuition rose 5.5 percent in each of the next two years, and was $4,750 in 2012-’13. Our rating Walker said: "After years of 5.5 percent average tuition increases, we now have a two-year tuition freeze for the first time in the history of the UW System." Tuition increases were 5.5 percent or more for at least the two years before the current two-year freeze, depending on whether you’re considering tuition at the four-year universities or the two-year colleges. The current freeze is the first two-year freeze system-wide, but not the first for the system’s two-year colleges. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: Donald Trump is recruiting "excited and enthusiastic MINORITY actors and actresses" to appear at his campaign rally in Tulsa, Okla.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 15, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The New York Daily News reported the phone number connected to the listing belonged to a recent high school graduate who told a local TV station that he wasn’t behind the ad.   In 2018, yet another ad sought paid attendees for a Trump rally in Pennsylvania. Snopes then reported that the ad wasn’t affiliated with Trump but with "a man who appeared to have connections to left-leaning activist groups. "  The latest Craigslist ad seems to follow the blueprint of its forefathers: unaffiliated with the Trump campaign and designed to make it seem like he’s soliciting people of color to publicly support him in exchange for a paycheck. We rate this post .
Statement: Eric Schneiderman helped NXIVM sell child sex slaves to the Clintons
Speaker: ny evening news
About the speaker: NY Evening News is a website that posts fake news and information about UFOs and conspiracies.
Date: May 9, 2018
Topics: fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: A 2017 story by the Albany Times-Union said that law enforcement had fielded complaints about NXIVM for years and that Schneiderman’s office had begun to examine dealings. "The new interest comes after multiple law enforcement agencies, including Schneiderman's office, had for years brushed aside the concerns from Raniere's critics and others about the murky inner workings of NXIVM, which one expert has characterized as an 'extreme cult,' " the Times-Unio n wrote. We read federal court records and news articles about the case and found no  that Schneiderman helped "NXIVM sell child sex slaves to the Clintons." This mash-up of headlines in the news has no basis in fact. We rate this headline .
Statement: Says Kelli Ward hosted a town hall on "chemtrail conspiracy theories" and is open to sponsoring chemtrails legislation.
Speaker: senate leadership fund
About the speaker: Senate Leadership Fund is a Super PAC with the stated goal to "protect and expand the Republican Senate Majority." 
Date: August 22, 2017
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;congress;public health;public safety;science;taxes
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: A Senate Leadership Fund ad said Ward hosted a town hall on chemtrails and was willing to sponsor legislation on it. Calling Ward "Chemtrail Kelli" repeatedly and saying she has her "head in the clouds with crazy ideas" wrongly suggests she believes in the conspiracy theory. Ward did host a town hall on chemtrails, but she has not expressed belief in chemtrails. She has not held further town halls or sponsored any legislation on the topic. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Elizabeth Warren said, "Having an abortion is no different than someone having their tonsils removed.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 31, 2019
Topics: abortion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post shares an image of Warren and claims she said "having an abortion is no different than someone having their tonsils removed." Warren never said having an abortion "is no different" than removing a tonsil. In arguments defending Roe vs. Wade, Warren compared the overall safety of the two medical procedures, once by citing a study. This post takes Warren’s statement, swaps out her words and places the heavily edited statement inside quotation marks to make it look like she said something she didn’t. So while it contains an element of , it ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: The Public Employee Retirement System is making more millionaires than the Oregon state lottery.
Speaker: ted ferrioli
About the speaker: Sen. Ted Ferrioli represents Senate District 30, Oregon’s largest, which encompasses all of Baker, Gilliam, Grant, Harney, Jefferson, Malheur, Sherman, Wasco, Wheeler and parts of Clackamas, Deschutes and Marion Counties. He also serves as the Senate Republican Leader.
Date: April 26, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: public service;retirement;workers
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: That’s not the case with younger and newer Oregon employees, who may have the government pick up their contribution, but who didn’t benefit from the generous returns of the 1980s and 1990s. In short, most state workers don’t end up as millionaires, and with PERS reforms in 2003 and possible reforms this year, the number of potential millionaires should go down. Plus, all lottery winners have to do to win is buy tickets, while the PERS "millionaires" have worked at least 30 years on the job. We’re not going to get hung up over the actual numbers. We rate the  : partially accurate with some important details and context missing.
Statement: There's now been three independent investigations (into the bridge scandal) all of which have said" that Christie did not have prior knowledge of or involvement in the lane closures.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: July 6, 2015
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Christie said, "There’s now been three independent investigations (into the bridge scandal) all of which have said" that Christie did not have prior knowledge of or involvement in the lane closures. Christie has said since day one that he had no knowledge of the scandal before or during the closures themselves. Three investigations — a law firm commissioned by Christie, the state legislature and the U.S. attorney’s office — found no  to suggest otherwise. However, only the law firm investigation expressly stated that Christie had no knowledge of the lane closures. In contrast, the legislature’s investigation suggested that it’s still a possibility if more  emerges, and the U.S. attorney didn’t say the case is definitively closed. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important context, so we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/2d659490-7a00-4208-9747-2a9f204e6f8e
Statement: A photograph shows KKK members marching at the 1924 Democratic National Convention.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 3, 2019
Topics: history;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Though the 1924 Democratic National convention did come to be known as the klanbake, the photograph the Facebook post alleges was taken there is actually a picture from several states away as Klansmen walked to a funeral service. We rate this post .
Statement: Aileen Cannon has been arrested.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 1, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The high-profile case Cannon is presiding over has drawn widespread media coverage. On Sept. 9, The Washington Post reported that "her profile soared" as she intervened in the Justice Department's investigation into whether Trump mishandled classified information. Her arrest would be closely watched and covered.   But she hasn’t been taken into custody. We rate that  !
Statement: 215 members of Congress just voted to let your ISP spy on what type of underwear you buy and sell that data to advertisers.
Speaker: fight for the future
About the speaker: Fight for the Future is a nonprofit advocacy group that works on causes related to Internet freedom and privacy.
Date: March 28, 2017
Location: national
Topics: congress;technology;privacy issues
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Fight for the Future said, "215 members of Congress just voted to let your ISP spy on what type of underwear you buy and sell that data to advertisers." ISPs can see most of the websites their customers visit. Congress, with 215 votes from the House, sent a bill to Trump’s desk that codified ISPs’ ability to sell their customers' web browsing data, including any online underwear purchases that aren’t encrypted. Regulations enacted in 2016 would have required ISPs to ask customers for explicit permission to share this data with advertisers or other third parties. But Congress acted before the regulations went into effect. Fight for the Future’s phrasing — and use of the loaded term "spy" — might lead people to think that Congress’ action gave ISPs new freedoms, but they could always view and sell users’ web browsing information. Now they have Congress’ stamp of approval to do so without getting users’ permission first. That context is important, so we rate Fight for the Future’s  .
Statement: Says Joe Biden proposed "killing over 600,000 jobs supported by fracking.
Speaker: mike kelly
About the speaker: Pennsylvania Congressman
Date: July 14, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;pennsylvania
Context: a campaign call
Fact-check justification: Kelly said Biden proposed "killing over 600,000 jobs supported by fracking."  Biden does not support an outright fracking ban, even though he spoke inaccurately about his stance on the debate stage in March. In addition, the 600,000-job figure comes from a report published by an organization that opposes limits on fracking and failed to fully explain how it calculated its projections on job losses We rate Kelly’s statement .
Statement: Since Corey Stewart became chairman in November 2006, unemployment is up 150% and average home price sales are down $150,000.
Speaker: babur lateef
About the speaker: Babur Lateef is an eye surgeon from Woodbridge, Virginia. He challenged Republican Corey Stewart in 2011 for the post of chairman of the Prince William County Board of Supervisors.
Date: March 26, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;housing;jobs
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: Workers in Prince William are much more likely to have a job than the average American. Prince William housing sale prices are down during Stewart’s tenure by roughly $150,000. But prices were already dropping when Stewart took office, and he has little control over home sales. Prices also dropped sharply across the Washington, D.C. area We rate this  . Lateef’s figures are fine, but he wrongly uses them to imply Stewart is responsible for financial problems that not only shook Prince William County, but the nation.
Statement: A Big Boy restaurant sign said Donald Trump "was right" when he "predicted if Biden was elected, you'd see $5, $6 and $7 gas.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 14, 2022
Topics: gas prices;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: One showed a purported sign saying Big Boy was selling cake "so rich the Democrats want 90% of it. "  Another, fact-checked by Reuters , pretended to show the restaurant inviting patrons to watch Fox News host "Tucker Carlson on our big screen" instead of the first hearing from the House committee investigating the Jan. 6, 2021, insurrection. Using the online meme generator, PolitiFact was able to replicate the viral image claiming to show a Big Boy sign faulting Biden for high gas prices. We also created another. It says : "We rate this viral image ."