chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Minimum wage = $16,000/year CEO-Goldman Sachs (Lloyd Blankfein) $16,000/Hour.
Speaker: occupy providence
About the speaker: Occupy Providence, an offshoot of the Occupy Wall Street movement, began protesting in the city's Burnside Park since Oct. 15, 2011.
Date: October 19, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: corporations;deficit;economy;financial regulation;government regulation;occupy wall street;taxes
Context: a protest sign
Fact-check justification: The Occupy Providence protest sign was close when it stated that the minimum wage in Rhode Island is $16,000 a year (it’s actually just under $15,400). And its point -- that CEOs such as Blankfein make enormous sums of money while people at the bottom of the economic ladder make almost nothing  -- is well taken. But the  that Goldman Sachs’ CEO earned $16,000 an hour was way off.  We rate it  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: My plan offers three times as much tax relief to the middle class as Senator McCain's.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 30, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Perhaps the most stark contrast in tax distribution comes for those in the top quintile, people making more than $111,645. Under Obama’s plan, those folks, on average, would be paying $3,017 a year more in federal taxes in 2007, according to the Tax Policy Center analysis. Under McCains plan, they would be paying $6,498 less. As for Obama’s  that his plan offers "three times as much tax relief to the middle class as Senator McCain’s," it’s  for one year, and under one sensible definition of middle class. But since it’s not  when you look at the fourth year of the plan — and we are talking about electing a president for four years — we rate Obama’s  .
Statement: I have sent over $400 million to the border of Mexico in the form of Texas Ranger recon teams.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: October 1, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;state budget
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: So when Perry uses a formulation like "$400 million … in the form of Ranger recon teams," he’s way off. As we closed out this research, Nashed said Perry consistently says the $400 million was spent on border security overall, but at the Hampton stop, he left out some of what that spending has covered. We agree. And while we could not pin precisely how much has been spent on the border reconnaissance teams, we’re comfortable concluding it’s nowhere near the $400 million aired by the governor. This statement rates .
Statement: If you look at windmills" and the greenhouse gas emissions from building to retiring them, "the overall return is negative.
Speaker: eli bremer
About the speaker: Eli Bremer is a candidate for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate in Colorado.
Date: March 23, 2022
Location: colorado
Topics: national;climate change;energy
Context: an interview with Fox News
Fact-check justification: Bremer said once you factor in the emissions that come from building and putting up a windmill, you end up with a net negative. This is not correct, based on the most comprehensive assessments that compare the carbon footprint of all sources of electricity across their lifetimes. Wind power comes out far ahead of fossil fuels like natural gas and coal, because it doesn’t require the constant release of greenhouse gases to produce electricity.  It takes between one to six years for a wind turbine to produce more power than is used to build, install, maintain and retire it. In terms of carbon footprint, a wind turbine produces about 40 times less greenhouse gases than a natural gas-fired plant. We rate this  .
Statement: What is and isn't a Schedule I narcotic is a job for Congress.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 31, 2014
Location: national
Topics: congress;drugs;legal issues
Context: an interview with CNN
Fact-check justification: Obama said "what is and isn't a Schedule I narcotic is a job for Congress." While Obama may feel that way philosophically, there is a process by which the executive branch can reclassify marijuana to allow for its medical use or completely remove it from the list of controlled substances. It’s not an easy process, but it’s there. And Obama’s Justice Department has often given tacit approval, or at least turned a blind eye, when states have taken steps to ignore the federal government’s classification. We rate his statement .
Statement: Birth control pioneer Margaret Sanger "believed that people like me should be eliminated.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: September 30, 2015
Location: new hampshire
Topics: abortion
Context: Exeter, N.H
Fact-check justification: Republican presidential candidate Ben Carson said that birth control activist Margaret Sanger "believed that people like me should be eliminated." He later clarified that he meant African-Americans. While Sanger indeed supported the eugenics movement, substantial  shows that she was not racist and in fact worked closely with black leaders and health care professionals. Carson’s statement bears no relation to historical reality. We rate the  .
Statement: Why was there no news coverage of this raid on the Arizona border? … Seizure was just five days ago. Right on the Arizona border!
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: April 6, 2012
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: A chain email in April 2012 recycles images from a raid that happened nowhere near Arizona, and certainly not on March 2, 2012. "Why was there no news coverage of this raid on the Arizona border?" it says. "Seizure was just five days ago. Right on the Arizona border!" You didn’t see it on the news for an excellent reason: It’s not news. It’s instead a   that warrants a rating of .
Statement: A few months into office, (President Barack Obama) traveled around the globe to apologize for America.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: June 2, 2011
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a speech announcing his presidential campaign
Fact-check justification: On the substance of Romney’s charge, we believe that what we wrote in March 2010 still stands. While Obama's speeches contained some criticisms of past U.S. actions, those passages were typically leavened by praise for the United States and its ideals, and he frequently mentioned how other countries have erred as well. We found not a single, full-throated apology in the bunch. And on the new angle he added -- that the trips were intended to offer the president a forum to apologize to other countries -- we think it’s a  charge. There’s a clear difference between changing policies and apologizing, and Obama didn’t do the latter. So we rate Romney’s statement .
Statement: Florida is 49th in per capita spending on mental health care.
Speaker: bud chiles
About the speaker: Lawton "Bud" Chiles III is the son of former Florida Gov. Lawton Chiles. He campaigned as an independent candidate for Florida governor in 2010 and withdrew in September, between the primary and general elections, citing a lack of money.
Date: August 31, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: a campaign website
Fact-check justification: He said that Florida was 49th in per capita spending on mental health. The campaign cites an editorial that does not provide the source for the 49th figure. The Association of State Mental Health Program Directors Research Institute, Inc., concluded in a 2006 report that Florida ranked 49th and that figure has been quoted several times by mental health experts such as Sharpe. Mental Health America wrote in a 2007 report that Florida was 48th -- but it was based on earlier 2004 data. Based on the information we could find, we rate this  .
Statement: As an undocumented immigrant, you do have constitutional rights here in the United States.
Speaker: florida immigrant coalition
About the speaker: The Florida Immigrant Coalition is a statewide alliance of dozens of organizations that advocate on behalf of immigrants. 
 
Date: March 27, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;legal issues
Context: a Florida House subcommittee hearing
Fact-check justification: Menes, speaking on behalf of the Florida Immigrant Coalition said, "As an undocumented immigrant, you do have constitutional rights here in the United States." Undocumented immigrants have many constitutional rights such as freedom of speech and religion. But they don’t share all the constitutional rights of citizens. For example, some undocumented immigrants in removal proceedings have not gotten due process in court, and they don’t have a right to a government-paid lawyer in immigration court. We rate this  .
Statement: When these [undocumented] students graduate from college, they're still illegal aliens. They cannot get a job.
Speaker: terry gorman
About the speaker: Terry Gorman is president of Rhode Islanders for Immigration Law Enforcement.
Date: April 24, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: immigration;children;civil rights;education;human rights;legal issues;poverty;state budget;welfare;workers
Context: a House committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Terry Gorman, during testimony on the question of whether to let Rhode Island's undocumented high school graduates take advantage of in-state tuition rates, said, "When these students graduate from college, they're still illegal aliens. They cannot get a job." The experts we spoke with said he's generally correct, although they can, in a few cases, be hired as independent contractors. Over all, we rate the  as  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Mayor Tom Barrett's policies drove unemployment up 27 percent in Milwaukee, pushing it to "one of America's 10 worst cities for unemployment.
Speaker: republican governors association
About the speaker: the gubernatorial campaign arm of the Republican Party.
Date: April 29, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city budget;economy;jobs
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: (We used eight budgets for an apples-to-apples comparison; Barrett has submitted eight budgets; Walker did nine.) Separately, property taxes went up 20 percent over Walker’s first eight years, compared with 25 percent under Barrett. (Note: Walker never proposed a tax hike but used County Board levy increases as his base the following year). Our conclusion The Republican Governors Association, which backs Scott Walker, was basically accurate on its claims, but overstates the influence of a mayor on taming unemployment. This comes in .
Statement: The average family in America forks over more of their hard-earned income to their local hospital than to the IRS.
Speaker: mike gallagher
About the speaker: Republican Mike Gallagher of Green Bay was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 2016. He is the senior global market strategist at Breakthrough Fuel, a Green Bay supply chain fuel management company. Gallagher previously served as a human intelligence and counterintelligence officer in the U.S. Marine Corps. He was a foreign policy aide to GOP Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker's 2016 presidential campaign.  
Date: June 25, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Of course, "average" does not point to a singular real-life scenario here — no American family has 2.5 children and makes exactly the median income. Indeed, many families have no hospital expenses in a given year. But numbers behind the  relating to average situations add up. We rate the  .   window.gciAnalyticsUAID = 'PMJS-TEALIUM-COBRAND';
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Statement: If the mayor were really serious about supporting Philly's schoolchildren and handling our city's looming fiscal crisis, he could begin by slashing the size of his own administration, which is already 45 percent larger than his predecessor's and 40 percent more costly.
Speaker: joe defelice
About the speaker: Philadelphia Republican City Committee Chairman
Date: April 10, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: city budget;city government
Context: As part of a Philadelphia Inquirer editorial
Fact-check justification: As of March 2016, there were 30,254 making $1.57 billion. Our Ruling Republican City Committee chairman Joe DeFelice suggested Mayor Jim Kenney examine the size of his administration before enacting something like the soda tax and argued it was 45 percent larger and 40 percent more costly than his predecessor Michael Nutter’s. Those numbers match up when comparing the staffers who report to Kenney to the staffers who reported to Nutter, but the reporting structure in city government doesn’t give the whole picture. Nutter’s Mayor’s Office was more costly than Kenney’s office is budgeted for this year, and his cabinet was larger than Kenney’s. We rate the  .
Statement: Arizona schools rank 45th in the nation, dead last in funding per student.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: March 15, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: education
Context: Arizona
Fact-check justification: Clinton’s campaign said, "Arizona schools rank 45th in the nation, dead last in funding per student." Education Week data vets the first , but the advertisement is off by one in its  that the Grand Canyon State is dead last. Utah is. Both states still spend thousands of dollars less than the national average in funding per student. We rate the ad as .
Statement: Image shows Donald Trump golfing.
Speaker: jared moskowitz
About the speaker: Jared Moskowitz won his first race for Congress in 2022. He previously worked as the director of the Florida Department of Emergency Management and has held positions on the Broward County Commission, Parkland City Commission and the state legislature. 
Date: June 23, 2023
Location: florida
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: RELATED: Is that Donald Trump 'in the hood'? No. That’s an altered image RELATED: Trump shares , decade-old photo in attack on Biden and DOJ   RELATED: Another altered photo of Michelle Obama shared as part of unfounded conspiracy theory
Statement: Says Sherwin-Williams is "making lead paint and poisoning people around the world.
Speaker: occupational knowledge international
About the speaker: Occupational Knowledge International is a nonprofit organization dedicated to improving public health through innovative strategies to reduce exposures to industrial pollutants.
Date: April 20, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: environment;consumer safety
Context: a petition on Change.org
Fact-check justification: Occupational Knowledge International, a group dedicated to eliminating lead paint, posted a petition on Change.org that says Sherwin-Williams is "making lead paint and poisoning people around the world." There is some  to the  but also some spin. Sherwin-Williams continues to make industrial paint products that contain lead, but those paints are exempt from the U.S. lead ban. Sherwin-Williams does not directly make or directly sell residential paint products that contain lead, but they have licensees who might. In one case, in Lebanon, Sherwin-Williams acknowledged a  that allowed lead into a residential paint product. Occupational Knowledge International’s  about Sherwin-Williams is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it . Clarification April 26: This story has been updated to clarify differences between paints intended for residential and industrial use, as   well as the source of the  that global lead paint production is up 70 percent.  https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/01dd996a-61d3-4bee-9b14-9bb7c1e25372
Statement: FREE HORSES!!!! 52 thoroughbred horses need homes. Will go to Sugarcreek this Sat. for slaughter. Gentleman died due to COVID-19 and his son wants nothing to do with them.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 14, 2020
Topics: animals;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Yes, 2012! Well before the coronavirus pandemic. COVID-19 didn’t exist when Snopes fact-checked what was already an out-of-date plea about the horses that originated after a longtime horse breeder in Ohio died in January 2011 . His friend used Facebook to rehome the animals . We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: A video proves that "our own government is acknowledging that they're spraying the skies" with toxic chemicals.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 14, 2023
Topics: climate change;public health;science;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that video footage of Brennan proves that "our own government is acknowledging that they’re spraying the skies" with toxic chemicals. In the 2016 footage, Brennan talked about stratospheric aerosol injection, one of several proposed climate interventions. It was not in use then and Brennan did not say it was. It is not in use now, either.  We rate the  . RELATED:  Joe Biden’s climate plan backs public transit and telecommuting, but doesn’t say ‘stay home’ RELATED:  Human activity causes climate change? Yes, but from greenhouses gases, not weather modification   RELATED:   that U.S. government is spraying ‘toxic brew of chemicals’ from airplanes is a conspiracy   RELATED:  See more fact-checks about climate change
Statement: Video shows "Italians take down an EU flag and replace it with an Italian flag" after the 2022 national election.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 26, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: A video shared widely on Instagram the day after Italy’s 2022 election claimed, "Italians take down an EU flag and replace it with an Italian flag." But the video shows a demonstration in 2013 related to economic insecurity and skepticism toward the European Union.  Claims this video involved the recent election are .
Statement: The Romney-Ryan plan for Medicare "does not affect" benefits for anyone 55 or older.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: August 18, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: a campaign stop at The Villages
Fact-check justification: Ryan wants seniors to know his and Romney’s Medicare plan "does not affect your benefits."  Indeed, that’s the case for their Medicare reform ideas, which would not affect people currently 55 and older. But his assurance does not take into account one very large elephant in the room: the federal health care law, which alters Medicare primarily by extending more benefits and savings. Romney and Ryan want to "repeal and replace Obamacare," but they haven’t said with what. Repealing the law would take away benefits for current enrollees. Some experts say it’s unrealistic to expect that level of policy detail. Maybe so, but until the leaders expound upon their plans for closing the doughnut hole for prescription drugs, as well as a number of other Affordable Care Act provisions that would disappear with repeal, we think it’s unrealistic to assure seniors their Medicare provisions wouldn’t change under a Romney-Ryan administration. We rate his  .
Statement: We have completely turned our economy around.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: January 12, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: economy
Context: his 2016 State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "We have completely turned our economy around." Economic indicators show that some factors, like job growth and unemployment, have reversed losses from previous years. But while there is more economic activity than before, incomes are down and remain below national averages. Experts agree Scott and lawmakers can’t take much credit for changes either way. We rate the statement .