chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Vern Buchanan. His old business was caught illegally funneling over $60,000 in campaign donations to Buchanan to influence his election.
Speaker: democratic congressional campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is responsible for assisting Democratic candidates for the U.S. House.
Date: June 13, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: What is contested is Buchanan's role in the scheme. The FEC has said it will take no further action against him, closing his file. But it didn't go further to declare it had no probable cause to believe he was involved — which would have better supported his team's  that he's been cleared. Meanwhile, his former business partner still says Buchanan put him up to it, and says he plans another lawsuit to prove it. While we think the DCCC could have done a better job noting it was Buchanan who turned in the illegal contributions, we rate this ad .
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Tom Price is sending letters both supporting and opposing the "small-business killing Internet Tax Mandate.
Speaker: campaign for liberty - georgia
About the speaker: The Campaign for Liberty describes itself as an organization that believes the U.S. Constitution is a "living document" that should be adhered to by lawmakers. The organization supports individual liberty and a "noninterventionist foreign policy."
Date: August 23, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: congress;taxes
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: The letters were nearly identical. And they are indicative of everyday correspondence from a congressman’s office to constituents concerned about pending legislation. Part of one sentence could be interpreted as suggesting Price has problems with the bill. But the organization’s conclusion about the congressman’s position is a stretch. Our rating: .
Statement: Says 94 percent of Wisconsin employers think the state "is heading in the right direction" and a majority say they will "grow their companies in 2012.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 25, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Bret Mayborne, research director for the association, said such polls are not scientifically rigorous but provide insight into trends over time. Our rating Walker says 94 percent of Wisconsin employers believe the state’s headed the right direction – and a majority of them say they are going to grow their companies in 2012. The numbers are correct, but they come from a small survey by one trade group and amount to a sample that is not reflective of the overall makeup of businesses in the state. Walker, however, presents it without noting the critical limitations. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says the U.S. Constitution "doesn't say anything about (redistricting) being fair. … it's set up to be partisan.
Speaker: jerry tillman
About the speaker: NC state Sen. Jerry Tillman is a Republican from Archdale.
Date: November 15, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections;redistricting
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Tillman said the Constitution "doesn’t say anything about being fair," and later added: "it’s set up to be partisan." On fairness, the Constitution aims to guarantee equal weight to each voter. But it doesn’t guarantee that the nation’s political parties will have the same odds of winning a Congressional seat.  On the set-up of the redistricting process, Tillman is right that North Carolina’s system yields itself to partisan maps. But he’s  to suggest that the U.S. Constitution encourages that system across the country. States have the freedom to enact their own redistricting rules, and some have attempted to tackle "fairness" from a lot more angles than North Carolina. These claims are partially accurate but omit important details that would give the public a better understanding of the redistricting system. We rate them .
Statement: It's now constitutional to ban [assault weapons] in Illinois. Yet, the Illinois General Assembly has failed to allow other cities to have that opportunity.
Speaker: nancy rotering
About the speaker: Nancy Rotering is mayor of Highland Park, Illinois, and a Democratic candidate for Illinois Attorney General in 2018.
Date: February 11, 2018
Location: illinois
Topics: guns
Context: an interview with the Chicago Sun-Times
Fact-check justification: Rotering says: "It’s now constitutional to ban these weapons of war in Illinois. Yet, the Illinois General Assembly has failed to allow other cities to have that opportunity." While there’s much disagreement about how to respond to the problem of gun violence, Illinois’ law on banning powerful rifles, commonly referenced as assault weapons, is clear. Only the state of Illinois — and not local governments — can pass an assault weapons ban, although local governments like Rotering’s Highland Park were granted a narrow and long-since expired window to approve their own bans. Those provisions were included by lawmakers in a 2013 law that allowed the concealed carry of weapons in Illinois. In claiming that the "Illinois General Assembly has failed" to reopen the door to local weapons bans, Rotering resorts to language that to some lawmakers seems over the top because she appears to be equating inaction with failure. But the essence of her  is correct. Lawmakers inclined to back Morrison’s proposal acknowledge it has lacked the votes to pass up to now. Even so, the Legislature has had the opportunity to revisit the issue and did not do so. From that perspective, Rotering is accurate, which is why we rate her statement .
Statement: We are already almost halfway to our 2010 goal of creating 700,000 new jobs in seven years.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: May 20, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: 2013-14 veto message
Fact-check justification: Scott said the state is "already almost halfway to our 2010 goal of creating 700,000 new jobs in seven years." By his preferred measure since taking office -- 700,000 jobs regardless of normal growth -- he’s in the ballpark. By the measure he asked Floridians to hold him accountable to -- 700,000 jobs on top of 1 million jobs in normal growth -- he still has quite a long ways to go. We rate his  .
Statement: Of the 98 top oxycodone-dispensing doctors who used to live in Florida, "today, there are none.
Speaker: pam bondi
About the speaker: Pam Bondi, a former Hillsborough County prosecutor, was elected Floriday Attorney General on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. After leaving office, she joined Ballard Partners lobbying firm in Washington D.C.
Date: September 8, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: criminal justice;drugs;public safety
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: Bondi said that of the top 100 oxycodone-dispensing doctors, 98 were in Florida, and "today, there are none." She cited DEA numbers that since 2010, the number of physicians who dispensed the most oxycodone in the nation and also lived in Florida had dropped from 98 of the top 100 to zero. The DEA told us there are a few problems with that stat. First, it was for the biggest purchasers of oxycodone, not dispensers -- the DEA said the list didn't track dispensation. Second, the number in 2010 was 90 and not 98, although the 98 figure was widely reported by the state and the media in the past few years. Third, in 2014 there was one top 100 oxycodone purchaser in Florida, a buyer for a cruise ship fleet. The DEA data only tracks top purchasers, not whether actual drug use decreased, but other sources confirmed oxycodone abuse is on a downward trend in the state, although there’s debate over whether a 2011 law Bondi supported is the sole factor. While the specifics are a bit off, the gist and context of what Bondi is saying is accurate: There are no more Florida pill mill doctors in the DEA’s top 100. We rate the statement .
Statement: Wall Street megabanks that received bailouts in 2009 now get taxpayer-funded advantages not available to community banks in Ohio.
Speaker: sherrod brown
About the speaker: Sherrod Brown is a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Ohio. He won his first elected office to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1974. He later served as Ohio secretary of state and was elected to Congress in 1992. He first joined the U.S. Senate in 2007.
Date: March 4, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: financial regulation
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Even if there is an implicit guarantee, it’s a stretch to call it a taxpayer-funded advantage the banks receive "today," because no money has actually been spent and no dollars change hands. And no money would be spent unless the banks fail. Even then, as Bernanke says, "that doesn't mean that we have to" bail them out.      It might seem like a fine line, but there is a difference between a taxpayer-backed advantage and a taxpayer-funded subsidy.      We rate Brown’s statement .
Statement: Iowa's Republican caucus stopped mattering years ago. It in no way determines the party nominee.
Speaker: trevor noah
About the speaker: Tervor Noah is the host of Comedy Central's The Daily Show.
Date: November 3, 2015
Topics: elections;history;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of "The Daily Show"
Fact-check justification: Noah said that the Republican Iowa caucuses "stopped mattering years ago" and "in no way determines the party nominee." Noah has a point about the track record of the GOP caucus picking the eventual nominee, but he pushes it too far when he says they have no impact on the nomination process. Generally, winning or doing reasonably well in Iowa puts a candidate on the path to the nomination. We rate this  . Update: This post has been updated to note that the Iowa GOP initially called Romney the winner in 2012.
Statement: Says HIV and AIDS rates have spiked "due to increased heroin and fentanyl use.
Speaker: edward markey
About the speaker: Edward Markey was elected to the U.S. Senate from Massachusetts in 2013 and previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Date: October 26, 2017
Location: national
Topics: public health
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: Markey said, HIV and AIDS rates have spiked "due to increased heroin and fentanyl use." There are risks for HIV transmission among people who share needles and syringes to inject opioids. An Indiana county recently had an HIV outbreak linked to the injection of opioids, including heroin. At least 220 U.S. counties may be at risk of similar outbreaks. But the CDC said it does not have national data addressing Markey’s heroin and fentanyl , and estimates that HIV and AIDs diagnoses have declined in recent years among people who inject drugs. Markey’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Republicans have proposed dozens of (health care) solutions designed to help control costs and improve quality.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: November 17, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: the weekly Republican address
Fact-check justification: Johnson said, "Republicans have proposed dozens of solutions designed to help control costs and improve quality" of health care in the United States. Republicans have circulated quite a few bills and ideas over the years, but there is almost nothing in most of the GOP proposals that directly addresses quality of care. As far as costs, most of the proposals have winners and losers. Some of the bills would make health care more affordable for certain individuals, and tort reform and the expansion of health savings accounts could bend the cost curve down slightly. Elements of Johnson’s  are at least partially accurate, but in the aggregate, the plans are far from substantial. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Romney called Russia our No. 1 enemy.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 6, 2012
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a convention speech
Fact-check justification: In his convention speech, Obama claimed threat Romney called Russia "our No. 1 enemy." Romney didn’t use those exact words, but he did refer to Russia as "without question our No. 1 geopolitical foe." He said the Russians "fight for every cause for the world's worst actors" in a CNN interview. In a later interview, however, Romney softened his language, this time calling Russia our "No. 1 adversary" in terms of UN votes and emphasized it’s not an enemy of the kind launching missiles at American shores. That’s an important clarification, but it’s worth noting that five months passed before Romney walked back his earlier remarks. Obama’s statement lacked that context but was still largely accurate about Romney’s original description of Russia. We rate the statement .
Statement: Because of Gov. Scott Walker's budgeting, a greater percentage of general fund tax dollars is "going to pay off debt than ever before in our history.
Speaker: kathleen vinehout
About the speaker: Democrat Kathleen Vinehout is a Wisconsin state senator from Alma, in western Wisconsin. The former university professor and dairy farmer was elected to the Senate in 2006 and re-elected in 2010. She ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination to run against Gov. Scott Walker in the gubernatorial recall election in 2012.
Date: August 24, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: debt;state budget;transportation;taxes
Context: a column
Fact-check justification: Another factor that occurred under both Doyle and Walker is an increase in bond issues that are repaid with general fund dollars, rather than simply gas taxes and related funds, to do major transportation projects. Our rating Vinehout said that because of Walker’s budgeting, a greater percentage of general tax dollars is "going to pay off debt than ever before in our history." The 5.26 percent of general fund revenues being used for debt payments in the 2013-’14 budget period is the highest on record. It's reached that level partly because of the borrowing and debt restructuring under Walker, but also because of similar actions by previous governors. For a partially accurate statement that leaves out important information, we rate Vinehout’s statement .
Statement: The richest 80 people in the world own more wealth than the bottom half of the global population.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: February 7, 2016
Topics: global news service;economy;poverty
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that 80 people own as much as half the world’s population. The statement was in line with the latest Oxfam report available at the time Sanders spoke. The Oxfam analysis was based on a report from Credit Suisse and the Forbes list of billionaires. The exact number of billionaires might well be different from the 80 that Sanders said, or the 62 that Oxfam said more recently.  But out of world population of 7 billion, it makes little difference if the tally were 160. It still represents a tiny sliver of a percentage of the people in the world. The statement is accurate but needs additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Two mail in ballots in PA (were) sent to the same person with their names on both a week and a half apart.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 19, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An image appears to show two mail-in ballots addressed to one Pennsylvania resident, suggesting this means they could vote twice. It’s accurate that a group of residents in Allegheny County, Pa., received duplicate mail ballots due to a computer glitch ahead of the state’s primary election in June, and the photo in the post appears to show an example of the error. But it’s  to suggest that this means they can cast multiple votes. The system uses one barcode for each voter. If a duplicate is scanned, election officials would mark the ballot as rejected. We rate this .
Statement: Our debt is already bigger than our economy.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: March 15, 2013
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a speech at CPAC
Fact-check justification: Ryan claimed that "our debt is already bigger than our economy." If you count debt held by the public and intragovernmental holdings, the debt is roughly 105 percent of the economy. But counting only debt held by the public, which is what many economists say affects the wider economy and credit markets, the debt is only 75 percent of  GDP. Debt held by the public is more relevant to discussions about federal spending, but it’s not the one Ryan cited. We rate his statement .
Statement: The Providence teacher contract "is one of the longest in the country.
Speaker: angel taveras
About the speaker: Angel Taveras served a four-year term as the mayor of Providence, R.I. beginning in Jan. 3, 2011, the first Dominican-American to be elected mayor in the state. In 2014 he lost the Democratic primary when he ran for governor. Taveras, a lawyer and former Housing Court judge, replaced David N. Cicilline, who was elected to Congress in Rhode Island's 1st District. He is a graduate of  Harvard University and Georgetown Law School.
Date: May 15, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: education;labor;unions
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: As both sides keep adding to an agreement, "there are probably provisions that conflict with one another" and there are probably more cases in which the school committee has given up some of its management rights to the union. In any event, it seems clear that Providence's teachers' contract is far from one of the longest in the nation, and Taveras' office was quick to say that the mayor misspoke. If he had said it was one of the longest in Rhode Island, we would give him a . But his statement was far more sweeping than that, so we rule his statement  . (To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on Facebook .)
Statement: Says "Hunter Biden had 25,000 pics of him torturing and raping children under age 10 in China on his laptop.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 18, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a text post
Fact-check justification: Several Facebook posts  "Hunter Biden had 25,000 pics of him torturing and raping children under age 10 in China on his laptop." There is no  to support that.  The allegation originated on an anonymous internet forum that’s a known source of online disinformation, and conspiracy websites that reported the claims relied on anonymous sources to back them up. The New York Post’s story about Hunter Biden’s laptop is unconfirmed — but it also does not mention child pornography. The owner of the computer repair shop where the laptop came from told reporters he didn’t see child pornography on it. Without information to support the allegations, we rate the posts . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here for more.
Statement: The "Franklin scandal" broke in 1989 "when hundreds of children were apparently flown around the US to be abused by high ranking 'Establishment' members.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 8, 2021
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Post in 1990 reported the allegations were "based on still unverified reports from half a dozen young people who reportedly have described being auctioned as love slaves, flown to the coasts for wild parties, or plied with drugs and alcohol as part of a bisexual bacchanal. "   A county grand jury in Nebraska concluded the "lurid reports of child sex abuse, drug trafficking, pornography, and political intrigue" were a "carefully crafted hoax," the New York Times reported in 1990. The grand jury didn’t identify who was suspected of engineering the hoax but indicted two people on grounds they had given perjured testimony.   A couple months later, a federal grand jury agreed that the allegations were unfounded.   We rate this post .
Statement: Say Nancy Pelosi's net worth is $196,299,990.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 23, 2020
Topics: candidate biography;corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The post said Pelosi’s net worth is $196,299,990. That’s not accurate. Net worth is defined as assets minus liabilities. Congressional disclosure forms don’t provide a precise number, but the midpoint of produces a net worth for Pelosi of $97 million, which is a fraction of the number claimed in the meme. And the bulk of that has come from decades of investment activity by her husband — not because of corruption, as the meme implies. We rate the statement . UPDATE: This article has been updated to reflect an additional scenario a reader suggested for estimating Pelosi’s net worth. The rating remains the same.