chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The wealthiest three families now own more wealth than the bottom half of the country.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: June 26, 2019
Location: national
Topics: wealth
Context: an opinion article
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "The wealthiest three families now own more wealth than the bottom half of the country." The latest available figures indicate that the total wealth of Gates, Bezos and Buffett was $248.5 billion, exceeding the total wealth of $245 billion of the bottom half of Americans. We rate Sanders’ statement .
Statement: Sending your child to school" on a day when vaccines are being administered "is implied consent" for getting the COVID-19 vaccine.
Speaker:  infowars
About the speaker: Infowars is a conspiracy oriented website run by Alex Jones.
Date: November 4, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: The Infowars video cites a WHO document about parental consent to argue that U.S. schools are using implied parental consent to give kids COVID-19 vaccines.  The 2014 WHO document is guidance, not binding law. Countries, states and cities make the rules. And in the U.S., no states use implied consent for vaccinating kids. We rate the video’s  .
Statement: Says you can determine a bell pepper's gender by its "bumps.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 26, 2019
Topics: food;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Those seeds can form new pepper plants. And the bumps are primarily related to the variety and growing conditions.   Riper peppers are sweeter, not female. That’s why red peppers are sweeter than green ones. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Newt Gingrich has been a proponent of selecting a president by popular vote instead of the Electoral College.
Speaker: various media reports 2
About the speaker: this is for hate crimes story. fact-check of reports in news media.
Date: November 10, 2016
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: news media reports
Fact-check justification: Several media outlets have recently reported that Newt Gingrich previously advocated for electing U.S. presidents by popular vote instead of the Electoral College. Our research shows Gingrich was definitely an advocate of the popular vote option. We rate the reports .
Statement: Says abortion is "the most common surgery in our country.
Speaker: patrick johnston
About the speaker: Dr. Patrick Johnston is the director of Personhood Ohio and one of the leaders of an effort to amend the Ohio Constitution to give a fertilized egg legal status as a person.
Date: January 30, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: abortion
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: That procedure occurs more than four times as often as abortion. And abortion didn’t rank No. 2 or No. 3. There were about 1.4 million cases where presumed per-cancerous polyps were removed from inside a patient’s body the year of the most recent outpatient survey numbers available. Meanwhile, a procedure that is common among women who are giving birth -- a Caesarean section -- occured more frequently that year than did abortion. On the -O-Meter, Johnston’s  rates .
Statement: Says Joel Osteen Ministries charges people for prayers via a "prayer request account.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 8, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) It’s not real – the Facebook page pictured is not the actual Joel Osteen Ministries account, and has since been deleted after fact checkers , and Osteen’s Lakewood Church , reported that the account was a look-alike intended to make it appear as if Osteen exchanges prayers for money.   Speaking to the Houston Chronicle in May 2019 , a church spokesperson said she didn't know where the post originated, and that the church’s social media team "saw hundreds of people receiving the  messages." We rate this !
Statement: Video shows California election workers "cheating" by collecting ballots from drop box on Nov. 4.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 11, 2020
Location: california
Topics: elections;crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: A county official said the boxes were locked at 8 p.m. on election night. The video did not depict any cheating. PolitiFact rated that   last week.   President Trump shared the same debunked video this week, suggesting it was  of election fraud in California.   We rated that  .    – The statement is not accurate.
Statement: Three presidents in the last century — Harding, Kennedy and Reagan — all cut taxes during recessions and produced "rapid and dramatic economic recoveries," while two, Herbert Hoover and Barack Obama, did "the opposite.
Speaker: tom mcclintock
About the speaker: a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California
Date: October 27, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;history;taxes
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: But overall, he did not persuade us that the 12-plus experts we consulted were .   We will readily acknowledge that it's impossible to encapsulate a century of American political and economic history into three sentences, so some oversimplification is inevitable. And McClintock did get several key facts in his statement correct. Still, most of the dozen-plus scholars we contacted agreed that the congressman greatly oversimplified matters, and we feel that describing history this way will leave an  impression. So we rate McClintock's  .
Statement: #GradInsurance debacle is a DIRECT result of #ObamaCare. #MIZZOU has to break the law to do the right thing.
Speaker: caleb rowden
About the speaker: Caleb Rowden is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives representing District 44.
Date: August 21, 2015
Location: missouri
Topics: education;health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Rowden tweeted: "#GradInsurance debacle is a DIRECT result of #ObamaCare. #MIZZOU has to break the law to do the right thing." Without the Affordable Care Act, MU wouldn’t have had to remove subsidies for graduate students. But MU can still provide health insurance for its student employees — all without breaking the law. The university could, for example, create a student group health plan for graduate its graduate student employees. The first part of Rowden’s tweet is accurate but takes things out context. The second part of the statement isn’t accurate. On balance, we rate his  .
Statement: Kobe Bryant was killed "as a setup to stop him from testifying.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 27, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In 2017, Bryant filed a notice of opposition with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office objecting to Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals’ use of the name "Black Mamba" in connection with dietary and nutritional supplements. Bryant argued in legal filings that people would presume he was associated with the supplement when he wasn’t.   On Jan. 2, 2020, Bryant filed a motion to suspend proceedings for 30 days because the parties were "actively engaged in negotiations of this matter." The case was terminated that same day, records show. We rate claims that Bryant was killed to stop him from testifying in a lawsuit .
Statement: My first order as president was to renovate and modernize our nuclear arsenal. It is now far stronger and more powerful than ever before.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 9, 2017
Location: national
Topics: military;nuclear
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "My first order as president was to renovate and modernize our nuclear arsenal. It is now far stronger and more powerful than ever before." What Trump did shortly after taking office was neither his first order nor a unique action; every new president in recent years has requested a Nuclear Posture Review. In addition, the ongoing nuclear modernization plan -- which dates back to the Obama administration and will take decades to complete -- would not have notched achievements in six months sufficient to be characterized as "far stronger and more powerful than ever before." We rate the statement . EDITOR'S NOTE, Aug. 9, 2017, 4:30 p.m.: This article has been updated to include CBO's 2017 cost estimate.
Statement: The federal government is sending refugees to states with governors who are "Republicans, not to the Democrats.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 17, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview on Laura Ingraham's radio show
Fact-check justification: Trump said the federal government is sending refugees to states with governors who are "Republicans, not to the Democrats." The numbers show that Democratic-led states recently received almost as many refugees as -- and by some calculations, even more refugees than -- Republican-led states on a per capita basis. Beyond that, though, Trump is  to say that refugees are resettled as a form of partisan political vendetta. People who have taken part in the process say that the administration leaves it up to private groups,  faith-based groups, to determine where refugees should go, with the decision based on family links, the availability of language resources locally and the ability of local groups to handle the new workload -- not politics. We rate his statement .
Statement: Louisiana gets "not one single penny" from Gulf Coast offshore oil revenues.
Speaker: mary landrieu
About the speaker: Mary Landrieu, a Democrat, served as a U.S. senator from Louisiana from 1997 to 2015.
Date: May 11, 2010
Location: national
Topics: environment;energy;federal budget;oil spill
Context: an interview with MSNBC's Ed Schultz
Fact-check justification: After that, the payments get quite large, as royalties from existing projects kick in. Louisiana could reap some of an estimated $385 million in 2017 and a share of up to $630 million in later years. Not seeing those big amounts materialize sooner has been a continued source of irritation for many Louisianans, including Landrieu.    Reasonable people can disagree over how much Louisiana deserves to receive from drilling off its shores, but even if Landrieu has a point that her state is getting a raw deal over royalties, it is clearly  for her to say that the state gets "not one single penny" from offshore drilling. We rate her statement .
Statement: Last year, we were in the range of 850,000 and that was the most in five years. … We are letting more people become citizens than has happened in years.
Speaker: ken cuccinelli
About the speaker: Ken Cuccinelli became acting director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services on June 10, 2019. Cuccinelli, a Republican, was Virginia's attorney general from 2010 to 2014. In 2013, he lost the general election for governor to Democrat Terry McAuliffe. In 2016, he was a adisver to the presidential campaign of Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas.
Born in 1968, Cuccinelli has a B.S. in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia, a J.D. from Geroge Mason University School of Law and an M.A. in International Commerce and Policy from George Mason University.
He represented Fairfax County in the state senate from 2002 to 2010.
 
 
 
 
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Date: July 7, 2019
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a Fox News Sunday interview
Fact-check justification: Cuccinelli said, "We are letting more people become citizens than has happened in years," and that it was 850,000 people last year. The 850,000 represents applications completed — both approved and denied. In fiscal year 2018, about 756,800 people became naturalized U.S. citizens. That’s the highest number since 2013, when it was about 779,900.  Of all naturalization applications completed in 2018, 89% were approved. It was the same percentage in 2017. In 2016, 90% of applications were approved. Cuccinelli’s statement is partially accurate. We rate it .
Statement: When you compare our state pension system "to other systems throughout the country, our benefits are not gold-plated. They are not rich. They are actually average or below average.
Speaker: james cenerini
About the speaker: James Cenerini is the legislative affairs/political action coordinator for Council 94, Rhode Island's largest state and municipal employees union.
Date: March 24, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: retirement;state budget;workers;taxes
Context: testimony before the Rhode Island Senate Finance Committee
Fact-check justification: It is  that the benefits have how been scaled back significantly. But retirement packages in other states have been scaled back as well. We do know that in 2008, some retirees got a benefit package that was below the national average while others received above-average retirement pay. The situation may be different today, but we won't know until the 2010 numbers come out next year. So for now, we rate his statement as  .
Statement: Most Americans support" the legalization of marijuana.
Speaker: gary johnson
About the speaker: Gary Johnson is the Libertarian nominee for president in 2016. He was also the party's nominee in 2012. He previously served as governor of New Mexico as a Republican.
Date: August 5, 2016
Location: national
Topics: drugs;polls and public opinion;marijuana
Context: a Medium post
Fact-check justification: Johnson said that "most Americans support" the "legalization of marijuana." All the polling since the start of 2014 -- 14 polls in all -- shows that legalization leads the status quo. Twelve of those 14 polls showed an absolute majority level of support. We rate Johnson’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/c0560b24-84ba-4da4-bafa-16832683ae92
Statement: The top 10 most well-paid CEOs in America received a combined $770 million in 2010, while the average American worker's wage rose just 2 percent.
Speaker: dennis kucinich
About the speaker: Dennis Kucinich is running in the Democratic primary for governor of Ohio in 2018. Kucinich was elected to Congress in 1996. He previously served as a member of the city council and as mayor in Cleveland, the city where he was born in 1946. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Case Western University. He has been married since 2005 to Elizabeth Harper. He was married twice before and has one child. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 25, 2008.
Date: December 15, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: corporations;economy;families;income
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: But the real figure -- 1.6 percent -- would only strengthen his point. Politifact Ohio is not trying to stoke the fire of class warfare by pointing out how much certain CEOs made in a year compared with the average worker. We’ll let Kucinich take the hit for that. But as to his  about the vast difference between the haves and the have-nots, he is pretty much on target. On the -O-Meter, we rate Kucinich’s  .
Statement: The health care law was "a 2,733-page bill! . . . No amendments!
Speaker: joe pitts
About the speaker: Joe Pitts represents the 16th congressional district of Pennsylvania. He's a former teacher and Air Force captain who also served in the Pennsylvania state House. He was elected to Congress in 1996.
Date: October 5, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a Capitol Hill press conference
Fact-check justification: Pitts said, "This was a 2,733-page bill that went directly from Harry Reid's desk to the Senate floor, bypassed Senate committee, no amendments, passed on a partisan vote, directly from the Senate floor to the House floor, bypass the committees, no amendments, passed on a partisan vote, without one member having read this bill." As far as the number of pages go, Pitts is largely correct. If we’re going to put an official page count on the bill, we would put it at 2,464, but we recognize that the bill had several different versions as it was on its way to becoming a law. As for "no amendments," Pitts is right as it related to the floor passage of the Senate bill. There were no amendments to the bill that passed. But that’s like describing only the last two minutes of a football game. What about the other 58? The health care bill began in committee in both chambers of Congress, as virtually all bills do. There was ample opportunity to amend it, and the bill was in fact amended by both Democrats and Republicans, if only  on technicalities by the party opposed to it.   But Pitts made a blanket statement that there were "no amendments," without taking the earlier part of the process into account. Given all that, we rate the  .
Statement: Says Ted Cruz "is a supporter of legalizing people that are in this country illegally" and "proposed giving them work permits.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: November 12, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: South Carolina
Fact-check justification: Rubio said Cruz "is a supporter of legalizing people that are in this country illegally" and "proposed giving them work permits." To the contrary, we found no sign of Cruz proposing to give work permits to immigrants living here without legal permission and no record of Cruz explicitly saying he favored giving such residents legal status. We rate this statement .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The nearly six-year delay in approving Keystone is costing Americans more than 100,000 jobs.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: June 25, 2014
Location: national
Topics: climate change;economy;energy;jobs
Context: an op-ed for "USA Today"
Fact-check justification: Boehner said Obama’s "delay in approving Keystone is costing Americans more than 100,000 jobs." He was citing a study that experts said was "flawed" and the company in charge of the project, TransCanada, said was "no longer relevant." The State Department estimated a much lower amount, and TransCanada cited that study to PolitiFact. We rate Boehner’s statement .
Statement: The mobilization of the military in response to the storms in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands "is the largest ever mobilization of our military in a naval and marine operation" and an Air Force carrier there "was the first-ever as well.
Speaker: tom bossert
About the speaker: Tom Bossert, a former national security aide to President George W. Bush, serves as President Donald Trump's homeland security adviser.
Date: September 11, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: military
Context: a White House press briefing
Fact-check justification: Bossert said the Defense Department had put together "the largest-ever mobilization of our military in a naval and Marine operation." He also added that for the first time ever an "Air Force carrier" had been deployed in the effort. Bossert misspoke when he said "Air Force" carrier, but it’s still not the first time an aircraft carrier has been used after a natural disaster. Most importantly, it is too soon to say that the military response to Hurricane Irma was the largest ever. At this point, the response to Irma doesn’t quite stack up against the Pentagon’s response to Hurricane Katrina. We rate this  .
Statement: The Associated Press reported that cameras show a TikTok influencer leaving a bag of cocaine in the West Wing of the White House.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: July 9, 2023
Topics: corrections and updates;drugs;facebook fact-checks
Context: a TikTok
Fact-check justification: The supposed headline does not match the style of other headlines on the wire service’s website and is riddled with typos. We rate the  that The Associated Press reported that Sisson left a bag of cocaine at the White House ! UPDATE , 4:15p.m. ET: After this story was published, the AP reported that an FBI crime lab analysis found no fingerprints or DNA on the bag of cocaine, and surveillance footage didn’t identify a suspect. The Secret Service has ended its investigation, NBC News reported .