chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: If you just count all the deaths in the red states, we are number two in the world in deaths, just behind Brazil.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 21, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;wisconsin;coronavirus
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Our death toll is what it is, and it is high — the highest in the world, by more than 50,000. Even when adjusted for population, the United States ranks 11th in the world for total deaths.   Our rating  Biden claimed that the U.S. death total from the coronavirus in red states alone would rank second in the world.   Depending on how one interprets "red states," this is either spot-on or close to accurate.   We rate his  .
Statement: In the '40s, 68 cents of every health care dollar was actually paid for by the patient, today it's only 11 cents.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: June 4, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: "Most analysts agree that the most important factor driving the long-term growth of health care costs has been the emergence, adoption, and widespread diffusion of new medical technologies and services by the U.S. health care system," Orszag told the committee. Our rating Johnson said that "in the ‘40s, 68 cents of every health care dollar was actually paid for by the patient, today it’s only 11 cents." The numbers track with studies and official statistics. But Johnson is comparing two vastly different eras in health care, including one from a period when fewer people were covered by health insurance and thus paid for costs from their own pocket. We rate his  .
Statement: One-third of the counties — think of it, one-third — only have one insurer left" on the Affordable Care Act exchanges.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 13, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a listening session on health care
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "One-third of the counties — think of it, one-third — only have one insurer left." As long as you know that Trump is specifically talking about Affordable Care Act exchanges, Trump’s figure checks out. People trying to purchase insurance on a government exchange only have one provider to choose from in 32 percent of the nation’s counties, according to late 2016 data from Kaiser. That means 21 percent of Affordable Care Act enrollees, or about 1.9 million people in 2017, can only pick from one health insurance provider. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: In Arizona, early voting would allow Kari Lake's opponents to see how many votes they "need to fake to catch up and surpass.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 24, 2022
Location: arizona
Topics: elections
Context: an Instagram video
Fact-check justification: An Instagram video claimed that in Arizona, early voting would allow Lake’s opponents to see how many votes they "need to  to catch up and surpass." This is an unrealistic fantasy for multiple reasons. We can see how many Democrats, Republicans and others have voted, but we don’t know how many voted for Lake or her opponent. Arizona election results will become available starting at 8 p.m. local time on election night. It’s unclear from the video how this scheme to drum up "" votes to surpass Lake would work. Election officials by law must follow security procedures that are designed to thwart any illegitimate votes. We rate this statement ! RELATED : Voting by mail has been popular in Arizona for decades. Now the state GOP wants to ban it RELATED : All of our fact-checks about Arizona RELATED : All of our fact-checks about elections
Statement: For every one ESD superintendent position, we can pay for three speech pathologists, or three special needs instructors, or three classroom teachers.
Speaker: mark hass
About the speaker: Mark Hass is an Oregon state senator from Washington County and Southwest Portland. Previously, Hass served three terms in the Oregon House of Representatives from 2001 to 2007. He spent 20 years as a journalist.
Date: March 30, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: In any case, it’s important for us to stick to the original  that "for every one ESD superintendent position, we can pay for three speech pathologists, or three special needs instructors, or three classroom teachers." It may be  that education service districts are "obscure" and "wasteful" and "administratively bloated." But we’re not here to judge that. We’re here to judge Hass’s  and we find it . Comment on this item.
Statement: Says Donald Trump's position is "to roll back all" of the financial regulations passed after the financial crisis.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: June 28, 2016
Location: national
Topics: financial regulation
Context: an interview on The View
Fact-check justification: Warren said Trump wants to "roll back all of those regulations" on Wall Street banks. While we don’t know what Trump’s plan would look like exactly, he certainly wants to scrap a lot of the law. It might not be right to say "all" of those regulations, but Trump himself has been unclear on that point. We rate this .
Statement: McDonald's uses potatoes sprayed with a highly toxic pesticide called Monitor.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 24, 2022
Topics: agriculture;food;food safety;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post shared footage of Pollan saying potatoes used to make McDonald’s french fries are sprayed with a highly toxic pesticide called Monitor. However, by the time Pollan gave his talk in 2013, the Monitor hadn’t been used as a pesticide for several years after the EPA canceled authorization for all of its uses at the request of its manufacturer. We rate this  .
Statement: The Dow Jones Industrial Average "jumped 1000 points in last 5 weeks, Record fastest 1000 point move in history.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 5, 2018
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said the Dow Jones Industrial Average "jumped 1000 points in last 5 weeks, Record fastest 1000 point move in history." He’s correct about the size of the climb and the fact that it’s the fastest in history, at least when you tally up trading days. The rise to 25,000 beat the old record by one trading day. We rate the statement .
Statement: The Social Security trust fund … is already facing imminent bankruptcy.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: December 1, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: social security;taxes
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: But the  ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. The program is not out of money or unable to pay benefits. At the current pace, according to federal projections, scheduled benefits should continue to be paid in full for about 25 years. The sky may be darkening, but it is not falling. On the -O-Meter, Boehner's statement is .
Statement: Says Mark Udall "decided Obamacare. ... He passed Obamacare with his vote.
Speaker: cory gardner
About the speaker: Cory Gardner, a Republican, won a seat to represent Colorado in the U.S. Senate in 2014. He previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives and the Colorado House of Representatives.
Date: March 31, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care;voting record
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Gardner said Udall "passed Obamacare with his vote." This statement has an element of  to it, since without Udall’s vote in favor, the bill would not have been able to come up for a vote on Dec. 24, 2009. However, this ignores the other 59 senators who also voted to end debate -- and the exact same thing could be said about them. Because Udall had consistently sided with the Democratic leadership in votes related to the act, he was not among the handful of undecided senators who Reid had to wrangle as the vote was approaching. We rate this  .
Statement: Rob Portman has taken more than $125,000 from "Big Oil.
Speaker: lee fisher
About the speaker: Lee Fisher is the former lieutenant governor of Ohio. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2010.
Date: June 16, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: elections
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: We wanted to drill down further, so the center gave us more detailed  information than it has on its website, and we did some additional checking of lobbying records and original FEC filings from the Portman campaign. It appeared that Fisher’s  about the sum of Portman’s "Big Oil"  was largely correct. We then took out the PAC contributions of companies like Koch and Halliburton, since those companies engage in other businesses as well as oil, just to see how the numbers would change. That took us to $122,008, which is pretty close to Fisher’s $125,000 . But there are two caveats: Comment on this item .
Statement: Trade deals threaten "India's role as the pharmacy of the developing world" for new HIV medicines.
Speaker: doctors without borders
About the speaker: Doctors Without Borders is an international nonprofit that provides medical care in places facing conflict and poverty.
Date: July 21, 2016
Topics: global news service;public health;trade
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Doctors Without Borders said that trade deals threaten the capacity of Indian generic drug makers to produce the next round of HIV drugs. We found that trade negotiations, whether part of large regional trade agreements or unilateral discussions between the United States and India, have language that work against India generic drug makers. They push India to be more ready to grant patents for drugs that are extensions of  drugs that already enjoy patent protection. And they want India to bar generic drug makers from relying on the clinical trial data produced by the inventor of the drug. Both measures would make patents last longer and give the drug companies more time to charge higher prices. None of the articles we read or experts we reached doubted this result or that this would undermine the generic drug makers. Our experts disagreed on whether this would reduce access to critical drugs. The trade deals do no favors for India’s generic drug makers. With a caveat about future access to drugs, we rate this  .
Statement: Two million more Latinos are in poverty today than when President Obama took his oath of office less than eight years ago.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 21, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration;economy;poverty;welfare
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Two million more Latinos are in poverty today than when the president took his oath of office less than eight years ago." Literally, about two million more Hispanic people are living in poverty than in the year leading up to Obama’s inauguration. However, this statistic isn’t very meaningful because the Hispanic population overall has also grown. The rate of poverty, a much more useful statistic, has been fairly stable throughout Obama’s presidency, hovering just above 23 percent. So the implication of Trump’s statement — that poverty among Hispanics has grown significantly under Obama — is . Trump is cherry-picking the rising overall number without mentioning the rate is stable. We rate his  .   https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/20f68f82-a61d-4509-958f-5f9052477536
Statement: Says Donald Trump is "the first person running for president, Republican or Democrat, who refused to say that he would respect the results of this election.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 24, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections;history
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: Clinton said Trump is "the first person running for president, Republican or Democrat, who refused to say that he would respect the results of this election." There are examples of presidential campaigns challenging elections or raising concerns about corruption after Election Day. But historians and experts cannot point to an example of a presidential candidate himself refusing to say he would accept the results before the election even happens. We couldn't find one, either.  If an example of a past presidential candidate saying something equivalent to Trump comes up, or if we find additional information to support Clinton's , we’ll update our story. But with the information we have available, for now we rate Clinton’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/075ca508-d586-4024-b79e-5c4d637ae144
Statement: Rigell's car dealership made over $400,000 off the 'Cash for Clunkers' bailout.
Speaker: democratic congressional campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is responsible for assisting Democratic candidates for the U.S. House.
Date: October 1, 2010
Location: virginia
Topics: stimulus
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Rigell has indeed campaigned against the federal stimulus, as the ad claims. There’s no doubt that Cash for Clunkers was part of the stimulus and that the program boosted the bottom lines of Riggell’s dealerships. But we can’t place a dollar amount on the benefit to Rigell. The ad wrongly suggests that his dealerships’ $441,000 in rebates were straight profits and there’s reason to believe Rigell’s actual gain from Clunkers was considerably smaller. So we find the  to be .
Statement: Recent studies have confirmed that any academic benefits of government funded preschool disappear by the fourth grade.
Speaker: glenn grothman
About the speaker: Republican Glenn Grothman, of the Town of Glenbeulah in Sheboygan County, was first elected to Congress in 2014 after serving 21 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. He represents the 6th Congressional District in east-central Wisconsin that includes all or parts of Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Dodge, Winnebago, Columbia, Green Lake, Marquette and Waushara counties.  
 
Date: December 29, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: It’s about money, politics, social agendas and more. For support of his position, Grothman said recent reports "confirm" that academic benefits are soon lost. Some studies reached that conclusion. But Grothman is citing one small portion of a much broader debate and declaring the whole matter settled when there is considerable  on the other side. We rate Grothman’s statement .
Statement: When the president's spokesman was asked about (Anwar) al-Awlaki's son, … he said he should have chosen a more responsible father.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: March 6, 2013
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;homeland security;legal issues;military
Context: a Senate filibuster speech
Fact-check justification: Paul said that "when the president's spokesman was asked about (Anwar) al-Awlaki's son, … he said he should have chosen more responsible father." Gibbs did say essentially that. But Paul’s use of Gibbs’ comment leaves out some important context. It was not a carefully crafted statement of White House policy. Rather, it came at the tail end of a contentious exchange with representatives of an activist group, a line of questioning that Gibbs repeatedly tried to brush off. So while Paul is correct to say that Gibbs expressed that sentiment, the senator suggests that it’s more of an expression of White House policy than a full viewing of the video communicates. On balance, we rate Paul’s  .
Statement: New York leads the U.S. in population loss.
Speaker: lee zeldin
About the speaker: Lee Zeldin is a Republican representing New York's 1st Congressional District.
Date: April 12, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: population
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Zeldin tweeted, "New York leads the U.S. in population loss."  He’s right on the numbers. Census data shows that New York’s population declined by 1.58% between July 2020 and July 2021, the latest population estimate available. That was the largest percentage loss of any state during that period. We rate the statement .
Statement: Teachers in Chicago Public Schools are paid some of the highest compensation of any school system in the country.
Speaker: lori lightfoot
About the speaker: Lori Lightfoot is the 56th mayor of Chicago. Prior to taking office in May 2019, she worked as an attorney and previously served as president of the Chicago Police Board, a civilian body responsible for deciding disciplinary matters involving allegations of police misconduct.
Date: September 25, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: education;income
Context: remarks at a town hall
Fact-check justification: Lightfoot said Chicago Public School teachers are "paid some of the highest compensation of any school system in the country." Data from teacher salary schedules compiled by the National Council on Teacher Quality shows Chicago ranks 22nd among the nation’s 124 largest districts for starting salary. Its ranking also nears the top of the list for teachers with more years of experience and higher degrees. But Lightfoot didn’t limit her remarks to larger districts, nor to salary. So we turned to Illinois data, which shows CPS ranks well outside the top 20 for average teacher compensation in its own state. We rate Lightfoot’s  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Dr. Anthony Fauci in an email "advises a family member to use (hydroxychloroquine) and antibiotic therapy, the same evening in which in a press conference he attacked (President Donald Trump) on the usefulness of (hydroxychloroquine) to fight the virus.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 21, 2021
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said that one of Fauci's "most incredible emails is the one in which he advises a family member to use (hydroxychloroquine) and antibiotic therapy, the same evening in which in a press conference he attacked (Trump) on the usefulness of  (hydroxychloroquine) to fight the virus." We found nothing in Fauci’s publicly disclosed emails that supports the  that he urged a close relative to use hydroxychloroquine. To the contrary, Fauci in his emails was consistent in arguing, both publicly and privately, that anecdotal  supporting hydroxychloroquine’s efficacy in the pandemic would need to be demonstrated in a controlled clinical trial before its use could be recommended. We rate the statement . Andy Nguyen contributed to this article.
Statement: Says 44 senators "voted NOT to send stimulus checks.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 5, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The "main hang-up on the bill," Vox reported, was that Democrats objected to $500 billion earmarked for big companies and industries affected by the coronavirus.   As the bill was then written, the money "would be under the discretion of Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin, and Democrats want rules and regulations around the funds to direct them to the workers — not CEOS," according to Vox. Under the bipartisan bill that ultimately became law, Americans earning up ro $75,000 will receive payments of $1,200 . Those making up to $99,000 will get smaller payments, and families are also set to receive an additional $500 per child.   We rate this Facebook post .