chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Schools stopped teaching children cursive so they wouldn't be able to read the U.S. Constitution and other historical documents.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 6, 2021
Topics: children;education;history;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Our rating A video on Facebook claims that schools stopped teaching cursive to make sure children couldn’t read the U.S. Constitution, and other important historical documents. This is bogus. Even if that were the intention, it would not be a very good plan. The founding documents have been available in typeset, printed form almost since they were first written, and have been archived and digitized many times over. We rate the  !
Statement: The Democrats are pushing for an implanted microchip in humans, and everyone to be vaccinated.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 10, 2020
Topics: public health;privacy issues;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: posts on the Internet
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says, "The Democrats are pushing for an implanted microchip in humans, and everyone to be vaccinated." On microchips, there’s no  that implanted microchips are being contemplated in a serious way to fight the coronavirus. This appears to stem from a warped translation of comments by Gates. As for mandatory vaccinations, the idea that Democrats are pushing for this power is exaggerated, because the Supreme Court long ago decided that the government has that power. This authority is now used in all 50 states. A minority that includes some Democrats and some Republicans oppose efforts to limit religious or personal exemptions. We rate the statement .
Statement: Throughout his time in elected office, Barack Obama has taken multiple positions on banning handguns and the D.C. handgun ban.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 26, 2008
Location: national
Topics: guns
Fact-check justification: But what about DC's outright ban of guns? Obama not only didn't correct Harris' characterization of support for the DC gun ban, his answer seemed to affirm that it was accurate. At the very least, if Harris was , here was the perfect opportunity to set the record straight. By and large, Obama's fence-sitting has been pretty consistent. Still, twice claiming an aide botched your position and failing to go on record even when directly asked about it gives the McCain campaign enough ammo to merit a .
Statement: John McCain and George W. Bush want to spend "a trillion dollars in Iraq over the next 10 years.
Speaker: campaign to defend america
About the speaker: Campaign to Defend America is a left-leaning advocacy organization.
Date: March 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: McCain has said troops could remain in Iraq for many years, comparing the situation to continuing U.S. presence in South Korea or Japan. When Bush endorsed McCain, he said, "The good news about our candidate is he'll be a new president, a man of character and courage, but he's not going to change when it comes to taking on the enemy." We find the "McSame" ad fudges the cost in Iraq by not taking into account that the $1-trillion CBO estimate includes future spending in Afghanistan as well. But the ad makes a larger point that Bush and McCain agree on their philosophy for handling the Iraq war and the withdrawal of troops. We find the statement to be .
Statement: The firefighter and police officer pension system is not headed for bankruptcy, far from it. That's because New Jersey first responders -- fire fighters and police officers -- have never missed making payments to the retirement system.
Speaker: dominick marino
About the speaker: Dominick Marino is president of The Professional Firefighters Association of New Jersey.
Date: June 6, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: retirement;state budget
Context: a column on PolitickerNJ.com
Fact-check justification: The president of the New Jersey Professional Firefighters Association says the joint police and firefighters retirement fund is far from bankruptcy and in better shape than other funds. While the funding level of that pension is higher than others in the state, several experts state that public pensions funded below a threshold of 80 percent -- the case for the police and firefighters fund, as well as other New Jersey pensions -- could be cause for concern. Bankruptcy might not be on the immediate horizon for the police and firefighters pension fund, but it’s not an impossibility, either. We rate Marino’s  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says gubernatorial candidate Clay Pell "hasn't spent a dime on advertising.
Speaker: robert walsh
About the speaker: Robert A. Walsh Jr. is executive director of the National Education Association of Rhode Island (NEARI), which represents 11,800 educators and support staff.
Date: April 20, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: campaign finance;elections;polls and public opinion
Context: an interview on WPRI's "Newsmakers" program
Fact-check justification: NEARI executive director Robert Walsh said candidate Clay Pell "hasn't spent a dime on advertising." At the time, the Pell campaign had already spent 444,100 dimes, or $44,410, on advertising through a Washington media firm. We know the public has seen at least some of that money because we were inundated with online Pell ads soon after his announcement. To suggest that Pell hasn't spent a dime -- or a quarter, or a dollar -- on advertising is not only short-changing the , it's . We rate it   ! (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: The Obama administration is "unwinding our nation's welfare-to-work requirements.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: August 6, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: welfare
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling McDonnell said the Obama administration is  "unwinding" welfare-to-work requirements. But a new Obama program does not end welfare-to-work mandates. To the contrary, it strengthens the requirements by granting waivers to states seeking to make the work requirements more successful. The waivers would be granted to pilot programs that are individually evaluated; HHS is not proposing a blanket national change to welfare law. We rate McDonnell’s statement .
Statement: During "the recent global warming summit in Copenhagen, Nancy Pelosi and others stayed at a five-star hotel on a trip costing nearly $10,000 per person.
Speaker: david dewhurst
About the speaker: David Dewhurst, the former state land commissioner, was initially elected lieutenant governor of Texas in 2002. He lost his 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate and lost his bid for re-nomination in 2014.
Date: February 16, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: transportation
Context: an e-mail blast
Fact-check justification: Pelosi's food and lodging expenses totaled $4,406 (she, like many, took a military jet to the summit). She declined to discuss the trip costs, CBS said. Pelosi personally accounted for less than 10 percent of the costs reported by her office for dozens of individuals. Still, Dewhurst correctly summarized the overall per-person travel costs. We rate Dewhurst’s statement as .
Statement: U.S. military involvement in Libya "allowed thousands of surface-to-air missiles to fall into the hands of radical Islamists.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: February 27, 2015
Location: national
Topics: military;terrorism
Context: a speech at CPAC
Fact-check justification: Paul said that U.S. military involvement in Libya "allowed thousands of surface-to-air missiles to fall into the hands of radical Islamists." Experts told us that even though some terrorists are known to have a few Libyan surface-to-air missiles, the idea that they have "thousands" is extremely unlikely. While many of Libya’s 20,000 surface-to-air missiles went missing during the conflict, thousands more were destroyed, recovered, rendered inoperable or believed to be in the hands of militias that aren’t radical Islamic terrorists. It’s also  to say the United States’ military involvement caused these missiles to go missing. The weapon looting began before the United States and NATO showed up. And when they showed up, they destroyed or recovered many thousands. It’s arguable that American involvement had the exact opposite effect than what Paul asserts. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate Paul’s  .
Statement: Under Operation Warp Speed, we've pioneered groundbreaking therapies, reducing the fatality rate 85% since April.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 7, 2020
Topics: public health;science;coronavirus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Under Operation Warp Speed, we’ve pioneered groundbreaking therapies, reducing the fatality rate 85 percent since April." The decline in the case-fatality rate from an earlier phase in the epidemic is real and notable, but "groundbreaking therapies" are only part of the reason.  When the rate was peaking, it was a period when relatively few Americans were being tested, and when a sizable percentage of those being tested were those who were more seriously ill, including nursing home residents. In the meantime, by the time Operation Warp Speed had announced its scope and leadership, most of the decline in the case-fatality rate had already occurred.  We rate the statement .
Statement: An amendment inserted by lawmakers into the state budget "exempts scientific researchers from all state animal cruelty laws.
Speaker: wisconsin humane society
About the speaker: The 130-year-old Wisconsin Humane Society is one of the largest and oldest humane societies in the country. The mission of the Wisconsin Humane Society is to build a community where people value animals and treat them with respect and kindness.
Date: June 13, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: animals;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: How does it all stack up? The Wisconsin Humane Society says a proposed state statute change will exempt researchers from all the state’s criminal prohibitions against animal cruelty. There’s disagreement about the real-world impact of the change, but the exemption itself is clear. The disagreement is related to federal laws and ethical standards, which would not be affected -- and were not mentioned by the group. We rate the statement .
Statement: Our reserves are now in much better shape than they were just a few years ago.
Speaker: lee may
About the speaker: Lee May is the interim chief executive officer of DeKalb County government.
Date: June 2, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: county budget;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: May claimed that his mid-year budget would leave the county’s reserve funds in better shape than they have been in years. Considering in 2011, there was no money in that rainy day fund, improvement wouldn’t be difficult. But budget and audit figures show May’s proposal would restore the overall reserves to a goal of one month’s expenditures. We rate his  .
Statement: It is a commitment voters take very seriously: The only incumbent in Ohio to break his Pledge and vote for Ted Strickland's income tax hike was defeated soundly on Tuesday.
Speaker: americans for tax reform
About the speaker: Americans For Tax Reform was founded in 1985 by Grover Nordquist. It advocates a tax system in which the taxes are simpler, flatter, more visible, and lower than they are today. It views the government's power to control one's life as derived from its power to tax and believes that power should be minimized.
Its flagship program is the Taxpayer Protection Pledge, which it began promoting in 1986 and expanded to the state level in 1990. Those who sign on to the pledge commit to oppose any effort to increase income taxes on individuals or businesses.
Date: November 3, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: elections;taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: To be fair, many were third-party candidates or Republicans running in overwhelmingly Democratic districts. To sum up: Americans for Tax Reform claimed the only incumbent to break the group's no-new taxes pledge was defeated "soundly" on Nov. 2. And while it's  that Hebron Democratic Rep. Dan Dodd was the only one to break the pledge, he lost by less than 4 percentage points. We find that to be less than "soundly." As a result, we rate this  .
Statement: African Americans are twice as likely to be arrested and almost four times as likely to experience the use of force during encounters with the police.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: August 12, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: legal issues;crime;race and ethnicity
Context: web site
Fact-check justification: Blacks are twice as likely to be arrested as whites based on a criminologist’s analysis of the 2013 data. But, based on the latest numbers that the federal statisticians could provide regarding  use of force, blacks are about three times as likely to experience force during encounters with police. Three times is not "almost four times," but Sanders was 75 percent correct, which is more than a passing score and the rate was close to four times in an older study. For this reason, we rate the statement .
Statement: The only two (Donald Trump tax returns) we have show that he hasn't paid a penny in taxes.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: May 22, 2016
Location: national
Topics: bankruptcy;candidate biography;history;income;negative campaigning;wealth;taxes
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "The only two (Donald Trump tax returns) we have show that he hasn't paid a penny in taxes." We don't know a lot about Trump's tax situation, a fact exacerbated by his unwillingness to release his full tax returns. Public records show that Trump did not pay federal income taxes in two years -- 1978 and 1979 -- which is what Clinton was referencing. But the same records include information from three other years -- 1975, 1976, and 1977 -- when Trump did pay federal income taxes. The records we have are not full tax returns, which makes learning more about those years (or any others) difficult. Clinton’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/57f065ce-c900-41c3-890a-b356b3dbd8a8
Statement: Wisconsin lost "almost 4,000 manufacturing jobs in 2017.
Speaker: kelda helen roys
About the speaker: Kelda Helen Roys, a Madison Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2008 and served until 2012. In 2012, she lost to Mark Pocan in the race for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. House of Representatives. She is running for the Democratic nomination for governor in 2018. An attorney, Roys is the former executive director of NARAL Pro-Choice Wisconsin, which supports abortion rights.
Date: April 18, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a tweet and campaign event
Fact-check justification: Our rating On Twitter and on the campaign trail, Roys has said Wisconsin lost nearly 4,000 manufacturing jobs in 2017. Roys has her years mixed up -- and her campaign admits it. While Roys would have been right for 2016, growth in 2017 was roughly double the loss in 2016. Compared to the start of Walker’s term, there has been an 8 percent increase in manufacturing employment. We rate her  .
Statement: Even Roger Williams National Memorial in my home state of Rhode Island attracted nearly 51,000 visitors in 2011, with non local visitors adding more than $3.2 million to the local economy.
Speaker: jack reed
About the speaker: Jack Reed, a former attorney and army officer, is Rhode Island's senior. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1991 until 1996, when he was elected to the U.S. Senate.
Date: February 27, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: environment;congress;federal budget;recreation
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Sen. Jack Reed said Roger Williams National Memorial attracted nearly 51,000 visitors in 2011, "with non-local visitors adding more than $3.2 million to the local economy." Reed accurately quoted figures from the park service. We believe you can make a case for the number of visitors, considering how many local people walk their dogs in the park or just sit on benches in the shade for a quiet lunchtime read in the summer. But are families from out of state packing up the minivan, driving to Rhode Island and booking motel rooms -- or campsites -- just to see the park? Not likely. We find the statement . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter. To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: She (Kagan) took money from Goldman Sachs just like her boss, Obama.
Speaker: michael savage
About the speaker: Michael Savage is a conservative radio commentator, and host of "The Michael Savage Show," which is syndicated in over 300 U.S. markets. He is also the author of 25 books, including four New York Times bestsellers.
Date: May 10, 2010
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;kagan nomination;pundits;supreme court
Context: his website
Fact-check justification: According to the Center for Responsive Politics, a well-respected nonpartisan group that specializes in analyzing campaign data, Goldman Sachs employees gave the Obama campaign $994,795. That put Goldman Sachs employees No. 2 on Obama's top donors list. But again, getting a check from Goldman Sachs for services rendered (as Kagan did, albeit a small one) is far different than accepting campaign contributions from the company's employees. By that measure, Obama's Republican opponent Sen. John McCain took money from Goldman Sachs too -- $230,000 in campaign contributions from its employees. So we find Savage's  to be .
Statement: We have over 700,000 illegal immigrants in the state. They're costing us billions of dollars and they're taking legal residents' jobs.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: August 2, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: Miami
Fact-check justification: We rate this part of Scott's  . To review, here's what we came up with: Scott is right on the 700,000 number, and he's not saying where his cost figures come from. On the question of taking jobs from legal residents, he's leaving out important details on the declining number of low-skill, low-wage residents affected and the overall economic benefits that result. Scott's anti-illegal immigrant rhetoric might sound swell to his conservative base, but The -O-Meter isn't so easily persuaded. We give this  a .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton's State Department "approved the transfer of 20 percent of America's uranium holdings to Russia, while nine investors in the deal funneled $145 million to the Clinton Foundation.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 22, 2016
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;ethics;foreign policy
Context: a speech critiquing Hillary Clinton
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Hillary Clinton’s State Department approved the transfer of 20 percent of America’s uranium holdings to Russia, while nine investors in the deal funneled $145 million to the Clinton Foundation." There’s a grain of  in this . Clinton’s State Department was one of nine government agencies to approve Russia’s acquisition of a company with U.S. uranium assets. Nine people related the company at some point in time donated to the Clinton Foundation, but we only found  that one did so "while" the Russian deal was occurring. The bulk of the $145 million in donations came two years before the deal. Trump is certainly within his right to question the indisputable links between Clinton Foundation donors and their ties to Uranium One, but Trump’s charge  the links. More importantly, his suggestion of a quid pro quo is unsubstantiated, as Schweizer the author of Clinton Cash himself has admitted. On the most basic level, Trump’s timeline is off. Most of the donations occurred before Clinton was named secretary of state. We rate Trump’s  . Correction : A previous version of this story misspelled the name of the State Department’s representative on the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States. He is Jose Fernandez.