chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: There's no real evidence in the last 20 years that" growth from tax cuts has made up lost revenue.
Speaker: rana foroohar
About the speaker: Rana Foroohar is the assistant managing editor for Time magazine.
Date: April 26, 2017
Topics: taxes;punditfact
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: Foroohar said, "There's no real  in the last 20 years that" growth from tax cuts has made up lost revenue. We searched high and low and found no economic experts who could point us to  of tax cuts fully paying for themselves. Neither the modern historical record (using fair benchmarks) nor government analyses we looked at supported the  that tax cuts create enough growth to eventually offset lost revenue. On the contrary, there’s  that tax cuts may actually hinder economic growth.  We rate Foroohar’s statement .
Statement: The Collins-Nelson bill will not protect pre-existing conditions. It has nothing to do with pre-existing conditions.
Speaker: claire mccaskill
About the speaker: Claire McCaskill is a Democrat and a U.S. Senator from Missouri.
Date: October 25, 2018
Location: missouri
Topics: health care
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: McCaskill said, "The Collins-Nelson bill will not protect pre-existing conditions. It has nothing to do with pre-existing conditions." The bill would help insurance companies cover individuals who are high-risk, which is a category that many pre-existing conditions fall into. While the bill allows the states to make their own decisions -- meaning there’s no guarantee that pre-existing conditions will be protected across the board -- it is an exaggeration to say it has nothing to do with pre-existing conditions. We rate the statement .
Statement: Mitt Romney says the next president doesn't need foreign policy experience.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: January 2, 2008
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: It's clear that Romney didn't say exactly what McCain has attributed to him. It also is clear that while McCain doesn't quote him directly, he's taking Romney's words a bit too literally. The question then is how to judge the accuracy of what McCain has charged. Did Romney say a president doesn't need foreign policy experience? , yes he did.
Statement: The state of Georgia has lost 200,000 total jobs and 50,000 construction jobs since May 2007.
Speaker: kasim reed
About the speaker: Kasim Reed is Mayor of Atlanta.
Date: July 17, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: transportation
Context: news conference
Fact-check justification: Reed’s overall point is that the region could use the jobs that might be created by these transportation projects. And it is uncertain how many jobs the projects would create. But the jobs-loss numbers Reed used to back up his argument were correct for the number of total jobs lost since 2007. Reed actually underestimated the total of jobs lost since 2007 in the construction industry. Overall, we rate his statement as .
Statement: Trump tax cut benefits all congressional districts, up to $44,697 per family.
Speaker: kevin mccarthy
About the speaker: Kevin McCarthy, who was first elected in 2006, is a Republican member of Congress representing a district in California. McCarthy was elected as House Speaker in January 2023.
Date: July 23, 2018
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: McCarthy said, "Trump tax cut benefits all congressional districts, up to $44,697 per family." The benefits McCarthy is talking about are added up over 10 years, something that is readily apparent. The number does come from a real study -- and McCarthy is careful to hedge by saying "up to" -- but he glosses over significant nuance. The actual one-year, per-household tax cut in the study he cited is $1,400, and even that is exaggerated because the study uses averages, which give greater weight to big tax cuts at the top of the income scale than a median would have. Estimates by other organizations suggest a middle-income household would save between $780 and $800 per year. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Joe Biden plagiarized Donald Trump in his Democratic National Convention speech.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 28, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Invoking plagiarism, the post claims, "Joe Biden’s speech stolen from Trump!" We found no similar passages from Biden’s speech originating in a Trump speech. And, the two candidates have significant policy differences as well.  We rate the  that Biden plagiarized Trump . Correction (Dec. 2, 2020):  A post on Facebook that claimed Joe Biden plagiarized President Donald Trump was published Nov. 28, 2020. An earlier version of this story included an  date. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Women take birth control, more than half of them, as a medication for other conditions.
Speaker: barbara boxer
About the speaker: Barbara Boxer is California's junior senator.
Date: March 25, 2014
Location: national
Topics: abortion;health care;sexuality
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "Jansing & Co."
Fact-check justification: Boxer said more than half of women use birth control   "as a medication for other conditions." She was referring specifically to the pill. Guttmacher says 58 percent of women on the pill take it for noncontraceptive reasons. But that number drops to 14 percent if you look at women who take the pill only for noncontraceptive reasons. Her  is based in fact, but requires additional clarification about the type of birth control and the survey results. We rate it .
Statement: Says America spends "over 17 percent of its GDP on health care costs when our closest competitor nations are spending about 12.
Speaker: cory booker
About the speaker: Cory Booker is a senator from New Jersey. He was first elected to the Senate in 2013, making him the first African-American senator from New Jersey and the first African-American elected to the Senate since Barack Obama in 2004. Booker served as mayor of Newark from 2006 until 2013. He has a bachelor's degree in political science and a master’s degree in sociology from Stanford University, an honors degree in United States history from The Queens College as a Rhodes Scholar and a J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and suspended his campaign in January 2020.
Date: December 9, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: economy;health care
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: Booker claimed that the U.S. spends "over 17 percent of its GDP on health care costs when our closest competitor nations are spending about 12." The United States outspends 33 other large, industrialized democracies on medical costs. The country’s health care spending hit 17.4 percent of the nation’s economy in 2009, compared with 12 percent for the Netherlands, according to data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: No state generates as much solar power as California, or has as many people whose jobs depend on it.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: January 24, 2018
Location: national
Topics: environment;energy;technology
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Harris said, "No state generates as much solar power as California, or has as many people whose jobs depend on it." The raw numbers back her up, it’s worth noting that the state’s size is a factor. On a per capita basis, California ranks fourth in both solar capacity and solar-related jobs. We rate her statement .
Statement: Providence has more of its pension fund invested in hedge funds and is less transparent" about it than the state.
Speaker: gina raimondo
About the speaker: Gina Raimondo served a four-year term as Rhode Island's general treasurer beginning in Jan. 4, 2011 before being elected governor in 2014. She cofounded and served as a general partner of Point Judith Capital. She is a graduate of Yale Law School and a Rhodes Scholar. She is married with two children.
Date: October 21, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: city budget;labor;pensions;retirement;state budget;transparency
Context: a fundraising letter
Fact-check justification: Rhode Island General Treasurer Gina Raimondo said Providence has more of its pension fund invested in hedge funds than the state does and is less transparent about it. Based on the Sept. 30 financial statements, the first part of Raimondo's statement would have been . The city had 16.6 percent of its pension money in hedge funds, compared with the state’s 14.2 percent. That's no longer  because Providence subsequently made its annual pension payment, increasing the proportion of non-hedge fund investments. But that information was not public at the time Raimondo made her statement. On the issue of disclosure, the city has released pension information when asked, but there’s much more pension information -- particularly historical information -- widely available to the public on the state’s website. Raimondo’s statement was accurate on Sept. 30, but recognizing that a key element had changed by the time she made it on Oct. 21, we rate it  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: After filing a lawsuit in Rhode Island, we reached an agreement with state agencies that resulted in more voters being registered in the first full month after our lawsuit than in the entire previous two-year reporting period.
Speaker: eric holder
About the speaker: Eric H. Holder Jr. was the Attorney General of the United States 2009-2015.
Date: December 13, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: civil rights;elections;legal issues
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: This one’s pretty straightforward. In his speech, Holder said that more voters were registered in the first month after the Justice Department filed a lawsuit against Rhode Island for violations of the National Voter Registration Act than in the two years beforehand. Our research confirmed Holder’s numbers. We vote for a ruling of  on this . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Don't believe the hype that Florida" COVID-19 "numbers are up. It's a blatant lie.
Speaker: erin marie olszewski
About the speaker: Erin Marie Olszewski is a nurse who says she lives in Tampa, Fla.
Date: July 25, 2021
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that Florida’s COVID-19 numbers are "hype" and a "lie." Statistics prove that  . Florida is reporting the second-highest new case numbers in the nation, and the highest number of deaths.  We rate the  ! CORRECTION, July 28: Florida's rankings for new cases and deaths were previously conflated in the Our Ruling section of this fact-check. The article has been updated.
Statement: A Mack Trucks employee told Joe Biden, "You can't drive anything besides the country into the ground.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 9, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "So I am an honored — we are honored — to be standing here today to show off the Mack Electric LR to you. It’s a feat of engineering. … This is just the newest addition of what we can do and how we can plow into the future with our heavy-duty electric LR here. "   The bio of the TikTok username that can be seen on the Facebook video describes his account as "Comedy & Politics. "  We rate claims that the video in the Facebook post is authentic .
Statement: North Korea has taken military action against Russia.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 8, 2022
Topics: foreign policy;ukraine;russia
Context: Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Reuters reported that Kim sent Putin birthday well wishes and commended the Russian president for "crushing the challenges and threats of the United States." The two leaders also exchanged letters this summer in which Kim pledged "tactical cooperation and support" against "threats, provocations, coercion and arbitrariness of hostile forces," and Putin pledged to "expand the comprehensive and constructive bilateral relations," according to an Oct. 8 report in the Toronto Star. According to reporting from The New York Times , American intelligence officials say North Korea exported weapons and ammunition to assist Russia in its war against Ukraine — an assertion  North Korea denied. Claims that North Korea has initiated military action against Russia are baseless. We rate them !
Statement: Says Steve Jobs was responsible for creating more jobs than the stimulus bill.
Speaker: mitch daniels
About the speaker: Mitch Daniels served as director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George W. Bush and is now the governor of Indiana.
 
Date: January 24, 2012
Location: national
Topics: jobs
Context: a Republican response to the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: There’s no question that the lack of information -- particularly about Apple’s indirect impact on jobs and how many jobs were lost at its competitors -- weakens how certain we can be about the exact numbers. There’s also a more fundamental question of whether it’s fair to compare Apple (an ongoing business) to the stimulus (a short-term federal program). But even if you were to assume that Apple's net impact on job creation was five times the 43,000 jobs the company listed in its SEC report, that would still be just one-seventh of the lowest estimate of jobs created by the stimulus. The "hundreds of thousands" of additional jobs from Apple and related companies, cited by Daniels' spokeswoman, also falls far short of the most cautious estimates of the stimulus by a large margin. In addition to the huge discrepancy in the numbers, one of the principles of the -O-Meter is that people who make factual claims are accountable for their words and should be able to provide  to back them up. We will try to verify their statements, but we believe the burden of proof is on the person making the statement. In this case, the best we have from Daniels' staff is a vague extrapolation that Apple created "hundreds of thousands" of jobs. We rate Daniels’ statement .
Statement: Scott Walker to cut $300 million from universities, spend $500 million on a pro basketball stadium.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: February 2, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;sports;state budget;taxes
Context: Twitter posts
Fact-check justification: But it wouldn't be $500 million -- the total cost of the arena -- but rather $220 million. For a statement that is partially accurate, our rating is . ------ More on Scott Walker For profiles and stories on Scott Walker and 2016 presidential politics, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's Scott Walker page . To comment on this item, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel’s web page .
Statement: Says Joe Biden canceled the Keystone pipeline because Warren Buffett "donated $58 million" to his campaign.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 27, 2021
Topics: campaign finance;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An image shared on Facebook claims Biden canceled the Keystone XL pipeline because Buffett "donated $58 million" to his campaign. Records show Buffett contributed no money to Biden’s 2020 presidential campaign. Biden cited economic and environmental reasons for signing an executive order that effectively halts construction of the pipeline. We rate the post .
Statement: Says white vans with external locks are "utilized for sex trafficking.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 22, 2019
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Those who are concerned about sex trafficking and want to prevent people from being exploited should start by educating themselves and getting the facts." It’s important to stay aware of your surroundings, and should you want to report or seek services related to a case of human trafficking, you can contact the National Human Trafficking Hotline at 1-888-373-7888 or email [email protected] . But the Facebook post about white vans with external locks seems like an example of an alarmist and unsubstantiated warning. So we rate it .
Statement: It is a myth that Florida's education legislation was "negotiated in secret.
Speaker: richard corcoran
About the speaker: Richard Corcoran is Florida's appointed education commissioner. He was elected to the state House in 2010 and served as House Speaker 2016-2018.
Date: May 12, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The same argument could be made about any other type of legislation -- from the environment to health care -- if it was discussed during a conference, he said. Corcoran tweeted that it is a myth that education legislation was "negotiated in secret." Corcoran pointed to the filing of HB 7069 in the House on March 10 and its passage in two committees and then the House on April 13. While part of the legislative process was done in public, Corcoran omits that the final dealmaking between the House and Senate was largely done behind closed doors. We rate this  .
Statement: Literally, by the time a child is 18 years of age, they've killed over 100,000 people in video games and other online things.
Speaker: mark o'mara
About the speaker: Mark O'Mara is a CNN legal analyst who served as defense counsel for George Zimmerman.
Date: July 16, 2014
Topics: pop culture;punditfact
Context: comments on CNN
Fact-check justification: Literally, the stat is a "napkin calculation." Research doesn’t exist on the point and there are too many variables to affect how many people someone might have killed in video game. That said, a range of gamers told us that if you play shooting-style games in your teen years, you’re quite likely to kill 100,000 people or more. While that gives O’Mara’s statement some , the lack of definitive information makes this  somewhat dodgy. We rate it .
Statement: Congressman Jeff Denham "has agreed all illegal immigrants should be detained, arrested and deported.
Speaker: democratic congressional campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is responsible for assisting Democratic candidates for the U.S. House.
Date: March 17, 2016
Location: california
Topics: immigration
Context: a campaign press release
Fact-check justification: A later response from Denham in the same debate shows the congressman believed immigration enforcement should be judicious. He stopped well short of the idea of rounding up all unauthorized immigrants, saying some may be undocumented to no fault of their own.   The  by the DCCC — which is backing Denham’s opponent in the June primary — contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Due to the large number of people who will refuse the forthcoming COVID-19 vaccine because it will include tracking microchips, the Gates Foundation is now spending billions to ensure that all medical and dental injections and procedures include the chips.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 13, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "The fear of insertion of tracking chips and other things like that into our bodies has been a longstanding bogeyman for theorists," said Mark Fenster, a University of Florida law professor who has written extensively about conspiracy theorists and spoke to PolitiFact for another microchipping fact-check . "There is a lot of tracking that goes on, but the suggestion that it’s being used in this manner and this way seems . This comes from the stream of conspiracy theories of the last 50 years. It has nothing to do with science and everything to do with conspiracy theories." We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says he has issued more pardons than "any Wisconsin governor in contemporary history.
Speaker: tony evers
About the speaker: Tony Evers, a Democrat, was elected Wisconsin governor in November 2018. His term begins in January 2019. Evers has served as the Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction, a non-partisan position, since 2009. He previously worked as a teacher and school district administrator.
Date: January 13, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;legal issues
Context: News release
Fact-check justification: Evers said he’s issued the most pardons in Wisconsin "contemporary history." As of Feb. 7, 2022, Evers had issued 416 pardons. In the last 40 years, only Doyle came close to granting the same number of pardons — 326. To find a governor who issued more, you’d have to go back to Julius Heil, whose term ended 79 years ago. We rate his  .
Statement: Says Republican gubernatorial candidate Adam Laxalt "tried to cut a deal with big pharma" in a lawsuit.
Speaker:  afscme
About the speaker: AFSCME, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, is the largest public employee and health care workers union in the United States.
Date: June 6, 2018
Location: national
Topics: elections;health care;legal issues
Context: an attack ad
Fact-check justification: An ad from the AFSCME union said Laxalt tried to cut a deal with drug makers. The only  that Laxalt’s office attempted to settle a suit brought by drug trade groups is a court filing that certifies that the parties failed to come to terms. That interpretation ignores that court rules require the parties to see if they can settle out of court, and to certify that they tried and and failed. The ad puts far too much weight on legal boilerplate, a Nevada law professor said. On top of that, Laxalt did not personally participate in those early discussions between his office and the drug makers’ lawyers. We rate this  .