chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says that in her speech to the pro-Israel group AIPAC, Hillary Clinton "had one line on the Palestinian people.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 17, 2016
Location: national
Topics: israel;foreign policy
Context: an interview on ABC's 'This Week'
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that in her AIPAC speech, Clinton "had one line on the Palestinian people." She actually had more lines than that -- seven mentions of the word "Palestinian" in five sentences. And overall, she spent about 10 percent of her speech talking about the peace process, of which Palestinians are an integral part. That’s still an imbalance -- Clinton spent twice as many words discussing Israeli security -- but Sanders’ assertion is still a significant exaggeration. We rate it .
Statement: Says "streetcars carry more people than buses … you attract more riders who don't ride transit now, and actually the operating costs are not any greater than the bus.
Speaker: charlie hales
About the speaker: Charlie Hales was a Portland city commissioner, serving from 1993 through 2002. After leaving the City Council, he joined HDR Engineering as senior vice president, working on new light rail and streetcar lines.
Date: February 12, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: transportation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Hales said "streetcars carry more people than buses … you attract more riders who don't ride transit now, and actually the operating costs are not any greater than the bus." Whether these arguments make a persuasive case for the necessity and usefulness of a streetcar system is, of course, up for debate. The statement itself remains factual. While, there’s some missing context, it’s nothing significant. We rate this  .
Statement: You know our current president is (Muslim). You know he's not even an American.
Speaker: town hall audience member
About the speaker: This unnamed audience member asked Donald Trump a question at a Sept. 17, 2015 town hall in Rochester, N.H.
Date: September 17, 2015
Location: national
Topics: islam;obama birth certificate;terrorism
Context: Rochester, N.H
Fact-check justification: An audience member at a Trump campaign event said, "You know our current president is (Muslim). You know he's not even an American." PolitiFact and others have repeatedly debunked both of these claims -- that Obama is Muslim and that he wasn’t born in America. Against all odds, they live on. Obama is Christian and was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. We rate the audience member’s  !
Statement: Boston Children's Hospital is now offering 'gender-affirming hysterectomies' for young girls.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: August 11, 2022
Topics: children;health care;sexuality
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: That's . The Center for Gender Surgery at Boston Children's Hospital does not provide hysterectomies to patients younger than 18. Hysterectomies are a requirement for patients seeking gender-affirming surgery such as phalloplasty or ​​metoidioplasty.   To qualify for the procedure at Boston Children's Hospital, patients must also provide a letter from a medical doctor stating they have "persistent, well-documented, gender dysphoria. "  We rate this  .
Statement: Biden wants to give illegals ID cards so they can start collecting American benefits.
Speaker: tomi lahren
About the speaker: Conservative commentator Tomi Lahren is a Fox Nation talk show host.
Date: July 25, 2022
Location: national
Topics: immigration;border security;homeland security;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: ICE is developing a Secure Docket Card program, which would grant ID cards to people to track and access information related to their immigration case. There is no  that the cards are being created to provide immigrants with benefits or to facilitate voter fraud.   Under federal laws, immigrants in the U.S. illegally are ineligible for most federal benefits, and only U.S. citizens can vote in national elections. If noncitizens vote fraudulently, they can be fined, incarcerated and deported. We rate this  .
Statement: Fourth grade reading and math scores, first in the nation. Eighth grade reading, first. High school AP classes and college education, both ranked first in the nation.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: September 11, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "Fourth grade reading and math scores, first in the nation. Eighth grade reading, first. High school AP classes and college education, both ranked first in the nation." But Florida is not first in any of the reading or math categories assessed by a national exam administered to public school fourth and eighth graders. And while Florida has a high number of students taking AP exams, they are not the highest-scoring or even the highest-participating state when looking at all AP students in 2017, not just graduates. Overall, Florida is ranked No. 1 in higher education, according to the 2018 U.S. News and World Report survey. Scott’s  shows a sign of promise but leaves a lot of room for improvement. In classroom terms, that’s a D-minus. On the -O-Meter, it adds up to a .
Statement: Austin politicians want to cram more kids into classrooms so they don't have to make the tough decisions to balance the budget.
Speaker: kendra yarbrough camarena
About the speaker: Kendra Yarbrough Camarena was the 2010 Democratic nominee for the House seat held by Dwayne Bohac, a Republican. According to her campaign website, she's a teacher, mother of two and also helps her husband coach Little League teams.
Date: September 14, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: education;message machine 2010
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: However, none of the trio -- Patrick, Shapiro, Eissler -- concede the goal is to "cram more kids into classrooms," as Camarena says. The second part of Camerena's statement, that changing the size limit is a way for politicians to avoid making "the tough decisions to balance the budget," isn't supported. Notably, any budgetary boon from changing the limit would be enjoyed by school districts, not the state. Still, it could end up that more than 22 children are placed in some classrooms. We rate Camarena's statement as .
Statement: Iraq is costing each household about $100 a month.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 20, 2008
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Context: Charleston, W.Va
Fact-check justification: These include disability payments, the cost of replacing war-fighting equipment and interest on the borrowed money. By using the figure he did, Obama "really was being conservative on this," Bilmes said. "He's not overstating it in any way." And so we find Obama is right about the war's monthly cost. We find his  to be .
Statement: I have something in common with my husband. He never carried caucuses either. He lost all of the ones that I've lost.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: February 11, 2008
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: an ABC/Politico interview
Fact-check justification: So, too, has the nature of campaigning — and the way the 24/7 spin cycle affects groups of voters. Safe to say, both Clintons do better in big states that hold primaries. For this reason, we rule Hillary Clinton's  . UPDATE: We have updated this item to show that Nevada held a caucus this year, not a primary.
Statement: In 2015 roughly 10,000 political arrests occurred in Cuba. That is five times as many as occurred in 2010, when there were only about 2,000.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: November 27, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: human rights;legal issues;foreign policy
Context: an interview on ABC's This Week
Fact-check justification: Cruz said, "In 2015 roughly 10,000 political arrests occurred in Cuba. That is five times as many as occurred in 2010, when there were only about 2,000." Cruz’s point about the rise of political arrests happening amid improved diplomacy with the United States is basically right. He would have been on more precise ground had he referred to 2016 and not 2015, as a spokesman said he intended to do. And while the source of his figures is widely considered to be reliable, experts said it is hard to track and label every arrest for political reasons. Because his point requires additional explanation but is largely accurate, we rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/94293748-11b2-474a-82f0-7754db784836
Statement: Congress' decision to "spend less around the world" on embassy security contributed to "tragedies" like Benghazi.
Speaker: ronan farrow
About the speaker: Ronan Farrow hosts "Ronan Farrow Daily" on MSNBC.
Date: May 5, 2014
Topics: congress;federal budget;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: a segment on "Ronan Farrow Daily"
Fact-check justification: Farrow pointed to "cuts" by Democrats and Republicans in Congress in recent years from what the Obama administration requested in embassy security funding and tied it to Benghazi, saying, "It’s easy to gain political plaudits by saying ‘spend less around the world,’ and then it leads up to these tragedies." It's  that Congress did not fully fund embassy security requests from the Obama administration in recent years, which is what Farrow argues amounts to a "cut." But funding for embassy security is up from 2008, and up dramatically since before 9/11. How does this tie into the Benghazi attack? State Department officials and government experts lay more blame on decisions by upper management not to provide the temporary Benghazi facility with more officers and better protections than the availability of money. Farrow made that very point in his segment, which makes it odd that he led his segment by tying the attack with insufficient congressional funding. We rate his  .
Statement: I had the great honor of being arrested with our U.N. ambassador on the streets of Soweto trying to get to see (Nelson Mandela) on Robbens Island.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: February 11, 2020
Topics: candidate biography;civil rights
Context: South Carolina
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "I had the great honor of being arrested with our U.N. ambassador on the streets of Soweto trying to get to see (Nelson Mandela) on Robbens Island." There is no  to prove that Biden was arrested in South Africa in the 1970s while trying to visit Mandela. Biden has since walked back his remarks to say that when he exited the airplane, officials tried to separate him from African American congressmen or detained him. This statement rates .
Statement: Says Ted Cruz distributed the ad showing a nude Melania Trump on a rug.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 29, 2016
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;candidate biography;elections;legal issues;negative campaigning;pop culture
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Trump said Cruz was responsible for the racy ad questioning whether people wanted Melania Trump to be first lady. One of the tenets of PolitiFact is that the person making the  is responsible for substantiating it. Trump said on CNN that he has no real proof. And all the  we found points to the ad being the work of a political action committee whose goal has been to block Trump's nomination. There’s no proof of Cruz working with that committee, which would be illegal. We rate Trump's  as .
Statement: Evidence shows Zika virus turns fetus brains to liquid.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 4, 2016
Topics: global news service;public health
Context: a informal news website
Fact-check justification: The Weekly Observer and other websites said that researchers had found that the Zika virus turned a fetal brain into liquid. The Observer referred to a study in the New England Journal of Medicine . The three lead researchers for that study declared the Observer's version was wholly . They found signs of dead brain cells and cerebrospinal fluid where it shouldn’t be. They never said that the virus liquefied brain cells. We rate this  . Update (April 5, 2016):  After we published, we heard from the staff of the Weekly Observer.  Elise Bou Malham, chief content officer, emailed us, apologized for the  and explained that she had first seen the article on another website. "In no way was it meant to 'stir fears' or promote any  claims," Malham said. "We assure you the article was deleted as soon as we received your email. I offer my sincere apologies on behalf of the entire editorial team." While the article was not deleted, it was eventually updated. The new version reads. "Claims about Zika Virus Turning Fetus Brains to ‘Liquid’  Completely  " It then explains its original error. "Earlier this week, The Weekly Observer aggregated an article from various sources online, saying that Zika Virus is responsible for turning Fetus brain into liquid. "The original article on Uproxx.com  ‘New Data Shows That The Zika Virus Can Turn Fetal Brain Into Liquid’, as well as several others, turned out to contain  claims as the study was misinterpreted by various sources."
Statement: Says Texas has the nation's most uninsured residents.
Speaker: sacramento bee editorial board
About the speaker: The editorial board of The Sacramento Bee says it composes editorials that are its collective opinion. It meets regularly to discuss community concerns and issues of the day, it says.
Date: February 6, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: health care
Context: an editorial
Fact-check justification: The editorial says Texas ranks first among the states in its number of uninsured. Texas continues to have  the nation’s greatest share of uninsured residents. However, California has about 1 million more uninsured residents. This  has an element of , yet it’s  on the numbers. Mark it .
Statement: James is the only Senate candidate in a battleground state who has refused to take a position" on whether the Senate should promptly vote on Trump's Supreme Court nominee
Speaker: michigan democratic party
About the speaker: The Michigan Democratic Party
Date: September 24, 2020
Location: michigan
Topics: congress;supreme court
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: The Michigan Democratic Party claimed that "James is the only Senate candidate in a battleground state who has refused to take a position" on whether the Senate should promptly vote on Trump’s Supreme Court nominee. Among the competitive Senate races identified by the nonpartisan Cook Political Report, every Republican Senate candidate, except James, has publicly indicated their position on whether to consider Trump’s Supreme Court nominee before the election. Meanwhile, every competitive Democratic candidate has criticized members of the Republican Party for changing their position on considering a Supreme Court nominee in an election year, and all but Harrison have stated their opposition to voting on Trump’s nominee before the election. We rate this  .
Statement: Like Al-Qaeda and ISIS, Amy Coney Barrett has said her "end goal is to end the separation of church and state & build a 'Kingdom of God' in the United States.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 22, 2020
Location: national
Topics: religion;supreme court;terrorism
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Internet posts  that like Al-Qaeda and ISIS, Amy Barrett has said her "end goal is to end the separation of church and state & build a ‘Kingdom of God’ in the United States."  Barrett has not advocated for ending the separation of church and state. During public questioning for confirmation as a circuit court judge in 2017, she said judges’ personal views should not affect their official duties. Her comments about the Kingdom of God were made during a commencement address at a Catholic institution where she made general comments about living a Christian life.  Overall, we rate this post .
Statement: Republican candidate for governor Nathan Deal "explicitly voted to fund abortions ...
Speaker: erick erickson
About the speaker: Erick Erickson is the host of a conservative radio talk show based in Atlanta.
Date: July 26, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: abortion;women
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Erickson's  crumbles in the face of the facts. The Family Planning Amendments Act of 1993 didn't fund anything. What it would have done was re-authorize a federal family planning program that is explicitly barred from funding abortions. Funding for actual abortions was never up for debate, and the bill never passed.   Erickson earns a .
Statement: Apple will pay customers $700 for a slowed-down iPhone.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: February 19, 2023
Location: national
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claims that Apple is paying customers $700 if they  to have a slowed-down iPhone. Apple isn’t doing that.  A continuing class action lawsuit accuses the tech company of slowing down older devices, but the possible suggested payout amounts are only around $25 per phone. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Texas high school graduates must pass Algebra II to be eligible for automatic admission to state's public universities.
Speaker: leticia van de putte
About the speaker: Leticia Van de Putte, a pharmacist, was the 2014 Democratic nominee for lieutenant governor. She previously served in the Texas House.
Date: May 17, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Van de Putte said students must pass Algebra II to be eligible for college admission under the state’s "top 10 percent" law. Algebra II is among courses built into the state’s recognized or distinguished achievement graduation plans, which both qualify a graduate for consideration under the 10-percent law. But the law also enables a student to win consideration without taking Algebra II and other college-oriented courses by doing well on the ACT or SAT. Practically speaking, it makes sense to us that most high-ranking graduates seeking admission to the state’s public universities have taken Algebra II. However, it’s simply not required to qualify for consideration under the "top 10 percent" law, making this  .
Statement: Shirley Sherrod "was forced to resign before anybody on Fox said a word about this.
Speaker: stephen hayes
About the speaker: Stephen Hayes is a senior writer at the Weekly Standard, a conservative magazine, and author of The Connection: How al Qaeda's Collaboration with Saddam Hussein Has Endangered America.
Date: July 25, 2010
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;race and ethnicity;pundits;this week - abc news
Context: a roundtable discussion on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: While Media Matters said that the article is no longer available on FoxNews.com, it provided a screenshot. Not long after that post went up at FoxNews.com, Media Matters said, Fox Nation -- an online community for news and commentary that's affiliated with Fox News -- posted the link to the Sherrod clip on BigGovernment.com under the headline, "Caught on Tape: Obama Official Discriminates Against White Farmer." All told, it seems clear to us that the USDA ousted Sherrod in order to forestall the possibility that commentators on Fox's cable channel would start calling for her resignation, not because Fox commentators had actually begun to do so. Still, two Fox web affiliates mentioned the controversy before Sherrod's ouster, and the fact that O'Reilly called for her resignation without knowing that she was already out of a job suggests that Fox was already beginning to pounce. On balance, these two caveats persuade us to drop Hayes' otherwise accurate statement that Shirley Sherrod "was forced to resign before anybody on Fox said a word about this" by a notch to .
Statement: The CDC recommends that only people with COVID-19 symptoms should wear masks.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 27, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post reflects outdated information in claiming that the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does not recommend that people who are healthy wear face masks to protect themselves from respiratory diseases, including COVID-19. That was the CDC’s advice — until a change made April 3. Now, to guard against the spread of the coronavirus, the CDC recommends nearly everyone wear a cloth face covering when out in public and where social distancing is more difficult. We rate the post .