chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Independent groups behind ads attacking Democratic candidates are "front groups for foreign-controlled companies.
Speaker: david axelrod
About the speaker: David Axelrod is a former senior adviser to President Barack Obama. He is now an analyst for NBC News.
Date: September 26, 2010
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Axelrod went one step further and said they are front groups for foreign-controlled companies. That might make for a powerful sound bite, but it's a concern, not a known fact. We think it's defensible for Obama and Axelrod to express concern that the Citizens United decision has created the opportunity for foreign companies to use money to try to influence the upcoming elections. But we don't see any  to support (or disprove) that it is actually happening.   Because Axelrod's comment was so definitive, we rate it .
Statement: Says Rep. Paul Ryan's budget proposal "would effectively double the interest paid out on existing and future student loans.
Speaker: loretta weinberg
About the speaker: Loretta Weinberg is a Democratic state senator representing Bergen County.
Date: April 30, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: education;federal budget
Context: an op-ed published on NorthJersey.com
Fact-check justification: Weinberg said that the House Republicans budget proposal "would effectively double the interest paid out on existing and future student loans." The Republican budget plan does not stop a planned increase in interest rates for federally subsidized undergraduate loans. But the potential hike, which would only affect new loans -- not existing loans, is the result of an expiration date built into a 2007 law. Those are "critical facts that would give a different impression." We rate Weinberg’s statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Stacks of bricks are showing up in Denver because "the Evil Left is getting ready to destroy downtown.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 2, 2020
Location: colorado
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: He removed them himself.   The Twitter account for the city and county of Denver also tweeted on Nov. 3 that "there has been no  of any objects left to be used for non-peaceful protests." We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: The Providence Economic Development Partnership . . .which you [Cicilline] chaired, loaned $103,000 in taxpayer funds to one of your campaign workers. The worker never paid back the loan.
Speaker: brendan doherty
About the speaker: Brendan Doherty, former head of the Rhode Island State Police, ran an unsuccessful campaign for Congress in 2012 in Rhode Island's 1st District as a Republican.
Date: September 12, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: city government;corporations;corrections and updates;legal issues
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification:     Republican congressional candidate Brendan Doherty said to Cicilline,  "The Providence Economic Development Partnership . . . which you chaired, loaned $103,000 in taxpayer funds to one of your campaign workers. The worker never paid back the loan." It’s  the worker, Ramirez, never paid back the loan. However, Doherty’s statement implies the city got nothing back when in fact it recouped most of his loan obligation. Because the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information,  we rate it .
Statement: Twenty-four percent of doctors in Virginia currently don't accept new Medicaid patients because the reimbursement rates are so low.
Speaker: dave schwartz
About the speaker: Dave Schwartz is the Virginia State Director of Americans for Prosperity – a conservative organization. Prior to his service at AFP, Dave was an aide to Gov. Bob Ehrlich, R-Md.,  and U.S. Rep. Andy Harris, R-Md. Schwartz is a Radford University graduate. 
Date: June 17, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;medicaid
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Schwartz said, "24 percent of doctors in Virginia currently don’t accept new Medicaid patients because the reimbursement rates are so low." The survey Schwartz cites to back his  did not include primary care providers in hospitals and community clinics -- who very often are the doctors that care for Medicaid patients. So the actual percentage of all Virginia physicians not taking on Medicare recipients is slightly lower than Schwarz’s number -- exactly how much lower is impossible to say because no study has computed the number.    Schwartz also is askew in claiming that every Virginia doctor who closed his or her door to new Medicaid patients did so because of low reimbursement rates. The survey he cited did not ask physicians about Medicaid rates. Other research has shown that U.S. doctors avoid Medicare patients for a variety of reasons that almost always include low fees. All told, Schwartz’s statement paints a generally accurate picture but needs elaboration. We rate it .
Statement: Says House Democrats' impeachment inquiry of President Donald Trump "doesn't feature the opposition party, it doesn't feature cross-examination.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: October 25, 2019
Topics: congress;impeachment;punditfact
Context: a statement on his radio show
Fact-check justification: Limbaugh said House Democrats’ impeachment inquiry "doesn’t feature the opposition party, it doesn’t feature cross-examination." Republicans on the House Intelligence, Oversight and Foreign Affairs committees — 47 in total — have been able to participate in hearings organized as part of the impeachment inquiry.  We rate Limbaugh’s statement .
Statement: Says when New Jersey adopted guaranteed coverage and cost provisions without a mandate individual health insurance market rates "doubled or tripled" and enrollment dropped from 180,000 people to 80,000 people.
Speaker: donald verrilli
About the speaker: Donald B. Verrilli, Jr. is the 46th Solicitor General of the United States.
Date: March 27, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: health care;states
Context: a Supreme Court hearing on health care law
Fact-check justification: The solicitor general said after New Jersey adopted provisions guaranteeing health insurance coverage and controlling rates in the individual market without a mandate rates "doubled or tripled" and enrollment dropped from 180,000 people to 80,000 people. Verrilli’s figures are roughly correct in the years before a modified plan was introduced that has since boosted total enrollment in the market. Experts agree it’s fair for Verrilli to point to guaranteed issue and community rating as sources of the enrollment decline and rate increase, but acknowledged there may be other factors involved. Overall, we rate Verrilli’s  .  To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says "Brenda Snipes in Broward County is a Republican.
Speaker: andrea mitchell
About the speaker: Andrea Mitchell is a journalist for NBC and MSNBC.
Date: November 12, 2018
Topics: elections;punditfact
Context: on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Mitchell said Snipes is a Republican. That’s . Snipes describes herself as a lifelong Democrat, and references in government documents and countless media reports back up this affiliation. We rate this .
Statement: Says she hasn't taken corporate PAC money "since 2016.
Speaker: erica smith
About the speaker: Erica Smith is an NC state Senator who's running for US Senate.
Date: September 1, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: A tweet by Smith suggested she hadn’t accepted any campaign donations from corporate PACs dating back to 2016. As Smith acknowledges, that’s not . We rate the tweet .
Statement: About three-quarters of (Syrian refugees) are women and children. A full third of them are kids under 12 years old.
Speaker: keith ellison
About the speaker: Keith Ellison is a Democratic congressman from Minnesota, representing a district that includes all of Minneapolis and portions of two neighboring counties. In 2017, Ellison became the deputy chair of the Democratic National Committee.
Date: January 29, 2017
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a CBS 'Face The Nation' interview
Fact-check justification: Ellison said, "About three-quarters of (Syrian refugees) are women and children. A full third of them are kids under 12 years old." With only slight rounding, Ellison is correct on average for Syrian refugees registered in Turkey, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq. A demographic breakdown is not available for more than 29,000 refugees in other North African countries, which represent less than 1 percent of all registered Syrian refugees. We rate Ellison’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/dd2e1314-5477-467a-8b94-ec08ba31dcb2
Statement: Lee County, Florida, wasn't "even in the cone" of Hurricane Ian 72 hours before landfall.
Speaker: ron desantis
About the speaker: Ron DeSantis announced on May 24, 2023 that he is running for president in the Republican primary. DeSantis won the race for Florida governor in 2018 and 2022. DeSantis was first elected to Congress in 2012 and resigned in September 2018 to focus on his campaign. He represented Florida's 6th Congressional District which is south of St. Augustine and north of Orlando and includes Daytona Beach. DeSantis initially ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but dropped out after Marco Rubio decided to seek re-election.
Date: October 2, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: environment
Context: an interview with CNN
Fact-check justification: Most of Lee County was not within Hurricane Ian's forecasted path 72 hours before landfall. But one of the county's barrier islands, Cayo Costa, appeared inside the forecast cone on each of eight advisories issued by the National Hurricane Center on Sept. 25, three days before the storm made landfall there.   Experts stress that the cone does not indicate areas that will be affected by the storm; it indicates the expected center of the storm. There is an element of  in that most of Lee County was not in the forecasted center of the storm 72 hours of landfall; but one of the county's barrier islands was, and focusing on the cone itself downplays the impacts of a storm as large as Ian. We rate his  .
Statement: The Republicans have 2 percent of the Muslim vote.''
Speaker: tamara holder
About the speaker: Tamara Holder is an Illinois defense attorney, Fox News Channel Contributor and The Daily Caller blogger.
Date: August 18, 2010
Location: national
Topics: religion
Context: comments on the Hannity show
Fact-check justification: We found that roughly 8 to 11 percent of Muslims consider themselves Republicans. Muslims voted overwhelmingly for John Kerry during the 2004 election, and at least one post-election analysis shows that McCain only received 2 percent of the vote in the 2008 election. Gallup does not have data on how many Muslims voted for McCain, but we're told that it may be roughly 11 percent, a bit higher than what Holder claimed. Still, that's quite low compared to the support that Democrats have, so Holder's underlying point that Republicans lack significant Muslim backing is valid. We rate this .
Statement: The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation pledged $200 million for digital IDs as part of a shift toward a "totalitarian society.
Speaker: dan bongino
About the speaker: Dan Bongino is a conservative commentator, radio and talk show host, and author who hosts "Unfiltered with Dan Bongino" on Fox News and "The Dan Bongino Show." He is a former police officer, Secret Service agent and Republican congressional candidate.
Date: October 11, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Bongino says the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation pledged $200 million for digital IDs as part of a shift toward a "totalitarian society." The foundation earmarked $200 million for building digital public infrastructure in developing nations, including data-sharing systems, databases for birth and death certificates and digital IDs.  The foundation is not allocating a specific dollar amount for any one component of its commitment, a spokesperson said. We rate this  .
Statement: There are actually only 30 countries that practice birthright citizenship.
Speaker: s.e. cupp
About the speaker: S.E. Cupp, a conservative columnist, speaker and author, is a host of CNN's Crossfire. She previously served as a columnist for the New York Daily News and hosted a show on Glenn Beck's website, glennbeck.com.
Date: August 23, 2015
Topics: immigration;punditfact
Context: an interview on "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Cupp said, "There are actually only 30 countries that practice birthright citizenship, making the U.S. kind of an anomaly." The United States is one of 33 countries around the world that offer citizenship to every person born on their soil. Among those 33, the United States admits the highest number of immigrants per year. In contrast, most other developed countries have added more requirements for citizenship. This makes the United States somewhat of an outlier on the issue. We rate Cupp’s statement . Clarification : Among the 33 countries with birthright citizenship, the United States admits the highest number of immigrants per year. An earlier version of this story was unclear.
Statement: As executive director of the Democratic Party of Virginia there were "300 people on my payroll in 2008.
Speaker: levar stoney
About the speaker: Levar Stoney is a 2016 candidate for mayor of Richmond.
Stoney was appointed Secretary of the Commonwealth in 2014 by Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe. He resigned the post in April 2016 to run for mayor. Prior to that, he served as executive director of the Virginia Democratic Party and worked in a number of campaigns.
Stoney was born in 1981 in New York and later moved to Yorktown, Va. He graduated from James Madison University in 2004, where he was president of the student government.
 
Date: October 17, 2016
Location: virginia
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Asked how many people he supervised as executive director of the state Democratic Party, Stoney said "there were 300 people on my payroll in 2008." Records show the state party’s payroll did hit 300 that fall as it hired temporary field workers to help Obama’s presidential campaign in Virginia. It was a massive effort coordinated by the state party, the Democratic National Committee and Obama’s campaign. The caveat is that there were 11 people on the payroll in February 2008 when Stoney became executive director and that didn’t begin to significantly rise until June. And in December, when the election was history, the party’s payroll shrank to eight. So the statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. That makes it .
Statement: It's against the law in Texas to let any loaded gun get in the hands of a child.
Speaker: dan patrick
About the speaker: As a Houston state senator, Dan Patrick won election as lieutenant governor of Texas in November 2014 after earlier defeating incumbent David Dewhurst for his party's nomination. Patrick also has hosted a daily talk show on AM700 in Houston.
Date: May 20, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: children;crime;guns
Context: an interview on ABC News, "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Patrick said: "It’s against the law in Texas to let any loaded gun get in the hands of a child." A 1995 state law makes it a misdemeanor if a person with criminal negligence fails to secure a loaded gun and a child younger than 17 accesses it or if a person leaves the gun where he or she knew or should have known the child would get it. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The same federal government that offers some money for a program is walking away from another health care program.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: April 6, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: medicaid
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "The same federal government that offers some money for a program is walking away from another health care program." He was contrasting Medicaid expansion with how the federal government set an end date for funding for the Low Income Pool, a program that helps pay hospitals that served uninsured patients. The federal government did say it would stop paying for the program, so Scott has a point about losing LIP money. But possible brinkmanship about Medicaid expansion aside, Washington gave plenty of notice it was going to let the experimental LIP program expire. CMS told Florida in April 2014 that it was no longer going to fund the current version of LIP after one more year. Several experts said Florida had time to evaluate the program, make changes and address funding. They also raised the point that federal LIP funding is discretionary, while Medicaid money is guaranteed by law, which is unlikely to change anytime soon. We rate the statement .
Statement: The president won the youth vote 3 to 1, but his numbers have dropped 20, 30 percent among the youth.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: March 9, 2014
Location: national
Topics: elections;polls and public opinion
Context: a 'Fox News Sunday' interview
Fact-check justification: Paul said, "The president won the youth vote three to one, but his numbers have dropped 20, 30 percent among the youth." Obama won the youth vote in both elections, but the ratios were  smaller than 2 to 1, so Paul’s math is off. Approval ratings among young voters have indeed dropped since 2009, by as much as Paul said or more when we consider percent change. Overall, it’s clear that Obama is falling in favorability with young voters. We rate his  .
Statement: Says "only one other senator from either party over the last 25 years" has "a worse record on bipartisanship" than Ted Cruz.
Speaker: beto o'rourke
About the speaker: Beto O’Rourke is a former representative of Texas’s 16th Congressional District. He represented the district from 2013 until 2019, when he gave up his seat to run a senate campaign against incumbent Ted Cruz, which O’Rourke lost. He received a bachelor’s degree in English literature from Columbia University. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: October 16, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: bipartisanship;corrections and updates;voting record
Context: a debate televised from San Antonio
Fact-check justification: O’Rourke said that "only one other senator from either party over the last 25 years" has "a worse record on bipartisanship" than Cruz. That conclusion is backed up by an index based on sponsorships and co-sponsorships of substantive legislation computed by the Georgetown University center named after Richard Lugar, the former Indiana senator. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. UPDATE 6:07 p.m. Oct. 18, 2018 : This story was amended to add a comment fielded from Ted Cruz's campaign. This addition didn't affect our rating of the .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton opposed an individual mandate and favored an employer mandate back in 1993.
Speaker: bobby jindal
About the speaker: Bobby Jindal is the governor of Louisiana and a candidate for president in 2016. He was elected to his first term in 2007. Prior to that, he served as a congressman from 2004 to 2008, representing the suburban areas north of New Orleans.
Date: May 13, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care;public health
Context: an op-ed for Politico Magazine
Fact-check justification: Jindal said that in supporting an employer health insurance mandate in 1993, Clinton opposed an individual mandate. We think readers would be wise to review the red flags we raised surrounding Jindal’s characterization of Clinton’s comments and how they apply to the current state of affairs. But when it comes to reciting history, Jindal is largely accurate. Clinton had serious misgivings about an individual mandate to buy health insurance, and strongly preferred an employer-based model. On that point, we give Jindal a .
Statement: China has made enormous progress in its human rights. That is a fact recognized by all the people in the world.
Speaker: xi jinping 
About the speaker: Xi Jinping is the president of China and the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, the most powerful position in China. He previously served as vice president from 2008 to 2013. He was born in 1953.
Date: November 12, 2014
Location: national
Topics: china;human rights;foreign policy
Context: Beijing
Fact-check justification: Chinese President Xi Jinping said, "China has made enormous progress in its human rights. That is a fact recognized by all the people in the world." There is a grain of  here: China’s rapid economic growth has lifted millions of its residents, though hardly all of them, out of extreme poverty. Still, China remains an authoritarian state without truly free expression and democratic choice, and where political dissidents and those who practice civil disobedience face harsh penalties. Meanwhile, China executes thousands of people a year and imprisons or forces labor on hundreds of thousands of others with scant due process. Finally, many groups — ethnic minorities, the disabled, and migrant workers, to name a few — remain marginalized by the state. It’s tough to  "all the people in the world" recognize China has made "enormous gains" in human rights when groups that monitor human rights and other outside observers continue to find problems with China’s record. We rate the statement .
Statement: In Florida, we have the lowest in-state tuition of any state.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: October 28, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: the CNBC GOP presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Bush said, "In Florida, we have the lowest in-state tuition of any state." That’s not accurate if we look at 2014-15 tuition for four-year public universities compiled by the College Board. That data shows Wyoming had the lowest tuition followed by Arkansas, Utah, New Mexico, Montana and Florida. Florida was the sixth-lowest. Bush’s campaign said he was referring to Florida’s ranking as the lowest in 2006-07 when he left office, but he didn’t specify that timeframe during the debate. We rate this statement .