chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Paul Ryan "voted for two wars that were unpaid for, voted for the Bush tax cuts that were unpaid for, voted for the prescription drug bill that cost as much as my health care bill -- but wasn't paid for.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: April 14, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: afghanistan;deficit;federal budget;health care;iraq;taxes
Context: remarks at a campaign fundraiser
Fact-check justification: Obama got it right on Ryan’s support for the big-ticket bills, including war funding, Medicare prescription drugs and the Bush tax cuts. He was also on target in saying that none was offset or "paid for" by spending cuts or tax increases. That’s the main part of his . He was off the mark in asserting that one of the bills -- Medicare prescription drugs -- was as costly as his 2010 health care reform bill. That puts him at .
Statement: We already pay the highest electricity prices in the country here in New England.
Speaker: richard paglia
About the speaker: Richard Paglia is a vice president of Houston-based Spectra Energy. His office is in Waltham, Mass.  
Date: November 1, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: energy
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: New England had the priciest electricity in the continental United States according to a government report that compares New England to other regions of the country. The same report shows that California’s electricity was more expensive than electricity in four of six New England states. Meanwhile, Hawaii and Alaska are U.S. states and electricity within both of those states was more expensive than the New England region’s average. The average for the region that both states are grouped in was more expensive, too. The statement is partially accurate, but leaves out important details. For this reason, we rate it
Statement: Dr. Fauci opens up the possibility that the COVID-19 vaccine could be making people more likely to be infected by the virus.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 13, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "This is why the development of candidate vaccines proceeds in a stepwise fashion, starting with laboratory studies, then progressing to studies in animal models that mimic the human immune response, and finally to carefully controlled human clinical trials where participants are monitored closely for any adverse events," the institute said. "After a candidate vaccine is authorized or approved by the FDA, rigorous post-marketing safety surveillance is conducted to identify even very rare safety concerns. This is precisely the process NIAID has followed during the COVID-19 pandemic.   To date, the agency said, the COVID-19 vaccines approved or authorized for use in the United States had been administered to more than 485 million people "and have proved to be very safe and effective. "  We rate this post .
Statement: Secret Service Agent Says Obama Is Muslim & Gay In New Tell-All Book
Speaker: newsexaminer.net
About the speaker: NewsExaminer.net describes itself as “the place to find what's shaping your world.” The site is filled with fake news articles, but there’s no apparent disclaimer that the writing is supposed to be satirical.
Date: December 23, 2016
Topics: candidate biography;fake news;punditfact
Context: a website
Fact-check justification: The  nature of the allegations should be a tip-off that the story is , although many of the commenters do not seem to understand the content is fabricated. In the make-believe interview, Horner tells Downey that Obama constantly berated Christians, forced the pretend agent to listen to Diana Ross and had staff harass a Facebook page about a masturbating dolphin. This is a  story that has been circulating for more than a year without any indication that it is bogus. We rate it ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/bd3df358-1784-4580-af06-eb8f26c499de
Statement: Says Dr. Anthony Fauci said of Trump's pandemic response, "I can't imagine that … anybody could be doing more.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 10, 2020
Location: national
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: A Trump campaign ad claims Fauci said of Trump’s pandemic response, "I can’t imagine that … anybody could be doing more." The ad’s use of Fauci’s quote is . Fauci made the comment nearly seven months before the ad was released, and he was not talking about Trump. He told CNN he did not consent to being in the ad and felt he was taken out of context. The full context of the quote shows that Fauci was talking about the White House coronavirus task force and the mobilization of the federal government more generally. Overall, the ad’s  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: The omnibus bill has only $3.8 billion in earmarks.
Speaker: democratic congressional leadership
About the speaker: The Democratic congressional leadership is comprised of the Democrats who run the House and the Senate.
Date: March 2, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: statements to reporters
Fact-check justification: "It’s easier to make your weight loss goals if you don’t count your rear end," he said. Brost says she has been precise with reporters that she was referring to the "non-project-based" numbers. But judging from the number of times we found the number cited as the Democratic estimate for earmarks, her nuance was not caught by reporters or by Democrats who have cited the figure. Either way, the number is not a fair account of the total earmarks. We find the Taxpayers for Common Sense estimate to be right and we find the statement .
Statement: Ted Cruz was "the longest-serving solicitor general in the history of Texas.
Speaker: jerry falwell jr.
About the speaker: Jerry Falwell has been chancellor and president of Liberty University in Lynchburg, Va., since the death of his father, Liberty's founder, Dr. Jerry Falwell, Sr., in 2007.
Date: March 23, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;legal issues
Context: a speech introducing Ted Cruz at Liberty University
Fact-check justification: Falwell said Ted Cruz was "the longest-serving solicitor general in the history of Texas." That post has been around less than 20 years. Still, Cruz held it more than five years, longer than any of the lawyers who preceded and followed him and outpacing the second-longest holder by about a year. We rate this statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: If it weren't for me … (illegal immigration) wouldn't even be a big subject.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 25, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: comments during the CNN debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "If it weren’t for me … (illegal immigration) wouldn’t even be a big subject." Trump’s talk about building a wall -- and making Mexico pay for it -- certainly has made headlines. But talk about America’s immigration system and proposed changes preceded the billionaire businessman’s candidacy for president. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Facebook recently logged users out to track their "off Facebook activity" involving bank accounts, emails and other apps.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 23, 2021
Topics: privacy issues;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Some Facebook users who were recently logged out of their accounts  that the company did it purposely to install an off-Facebook tracker that accesses their bank accounts, emails and more. This is . The forced logouts were due to a system change glitch and has nothing to do with the company’s Off-Facebook tracker. The tool allows users to see how the company traces their activity on the internet and has been on the social media website since January 2020. We rate this .
Statement: Biden's Treasury Department declares IRS will monitor" all accounts over $600.
Speaker:  infowars
About the speaker: Infowars is a conspiracy oriented website run by Alex Jones.
Date: September 13, 2021
Topics: financial regulation;income;government regulation;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Infowars headline widely shared on Instagram stated that "Biden’s Treasury Department declares IRS will monitor" all accounts over $600. The Treasury has made no such declaration. The department has made a proposal that Congress is considering. Under the proposal, financial institutions would be required to annually report the total inflows and outflows from bank, loan and investment accounts, if the total is at least $600 in a year, or if the account’s value is at least $600. The headline contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . __
Statement: As governor, Tim Kaine "oversaw a huge increase in illegal immigration, a tremendous increase.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 20, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: immigration
Context: a rally
Fact-check justification: Trump said that while Kaine was governor, he "oversaw a huge increase in illegal immigration, a tremendous increase." But figures from the Pew Hispanic Center show that the size of the illegal immigrant population essentially was flat during Kaine’s term as governor. It’s certainly not the "huge" and "tremendous" increase that Trump makes it out to be. We rate his  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/10bcb296-66a2-4ad7-a60d-b53e86eecc3c
Statement: Says "132,000 ballots in Fulton County, Ga., have been identified as likely ineligible," and President Trump might win Georgia as a result.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 8, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that "132,000 ballots in Fulton County, Ga., have been identified as likely ineligible," and that President Trump might win Georgia as a result.  There is no verified  that the ballots are ineligible. We rate this  .
Statement: Video implies talk between Barack Obama and Kamala Harris has coded references to pedophilia.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 15, 2022
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook video
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post shared a TikTok video that implied a conversation between Obama and Harris was filled with coded messages about pedophilia. The video is connected to the debunked Pizzagate and QAnon conspiracy theories, which accuse prominent Democrats and celebrities of involvement in a satanic child sex-trafficking ring. Faked documents are used in the video as an attempt to support the baseless assertion. We rate this !
Statement: About 40 percent of U.S. illegal immigrants "came in on an airplane, with a legal visa, and just overstayed their visa and have never gone home.
Speaker: john carter
About the speaker: Carter, of Georgetown, was initially elected to the U.S. House in 2002. He is a former state district judge.
Date: August 31, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a news article
Fact-check justification: Carter said about 40 percent of U.S. illegal immigrants "came in on an airplane, with a legal visa, and just overstayed their visa and have never gone home." That percentage aligns with an oft-repeated estimate, supported by a 2006 report by the Pew Hispanic Center, of the share of unauthorized residents who have overstayed visas. Many presumably arrived by plane, though we found no such breakdown. And the percentage could be off--too high or even too low. Homeland Security’s chief testified that 40 percent might be too high, while another expert told us there may now be more visitors who overstay. A precise up-to-date calculation doesn't seem to exist. We rate this , which relies on a seven-year-old estimate and could have used clarification about not all visitors coming by airplane, as .
Statement: Says Carlos Beruff "supported (Charlie) Crist even after he switched parties.
Speaker: florida first project
About the speaker: Florida First Project is a PAC formed to support U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio's 2016 re-election. It's run by many of the same people who managed Conservative Solutions, the super PAC that assisted Rubio's 2016 presidential campaign and the presidential campaign itself.
Date: July 14, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Florida First Project said Beruff "supported Crist even after he switched parties." Beruff had supported Crist’s 2010 Senate run when Crist ran as a Republican, giving the maximum legal amount in donations. After Crist switched to an independent run, Beruff also attended a Crist fundraiser, although he denied supporting Crist in any way at that event. The Bradenton developer was listed as dependable Crist supporter in a news report prior to the switch, and didn’t ask for a refund of his donations. We found nary a mention of Beruff beyond that. But the bottom line is, even if Beruff denies it now, there's  that he didn't give Crist the same cold shoulder other Republicans immediately did.  We rate the statement .
Statement: Says George LeMieux was one of two Republicans who voted for President Barack Obama's jobs bill.
Speaker: connie mack
About the speaker: Connie Mack was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 2004. Mack, of Fort Myers, lost a U.S. Senate race to Sen. Bill Nelson in 2012. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2003.
Date: May 14, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography;jobs
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: Mack’s ad puts a lot of spin on the basic facts when it says, "George LeMieux was one of only two liberal Republicans who voted for Barack Obama’s liberal jobs bill that failed to help our economy.  " Certainly that "liberal" tag is what gives the ad its bite.  Here, we’re simply checking whether LeMieux was one of two Republican senators who voted for a jobs bill supported by the president. That is the case. We rate that statement .
Statement: You are 17 times more likely to go to the hospital if you're not vaccinated, 20 times more likely to die.
Speaker: jen psaki
About the speaker: Jen Psaki is the White House press secretary under Preisdent Joe Biden.
Date: January 10, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a White House press briefing
Fact-check justification: Psaki said "You are 17 times more likely to go to the hospital if you’re not vaccinated, 20 times more likely to die," compared to people who are fully vaccinated against COVID-19.  The most complete data available from the CDC and research from Texas support this . While those studies are based on data collected prior to omicron variant spreading in the U.S., early data from New York and Seattle in December and January continue to suggest a significant gap between the experiences of the unvaccinated and the vaccinated who become infected. We rate this  .
Statement: The State of Wisconsin thinks you should have to" wash your hands "at least 28 times to make one peanut butter-and-jelly sandwich.
Speaker: jeff wagner
About the speaker: Jeff Wagner, a former federal prosecutor, is a conservative talk show host on WTMJ-AM (620) in Milwaukee.
Date: May 8, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: county government;food safety;health care;government regulation
Context: a radio show
Fact-check justification: It seems likely, though, based on the violation notices the state issued, that the state believes the hand washing should have occurred more than nine times. Our rating Wagner said "the State of Wisconsin thinks you should have to" wash your hands "at least 28 times to make one peanut butter and jelly sandwich." Wagner later made it clear he was referring to food preparation in a county-owned nursing home. But although the state indicated it wanted nursing home staff to wash their hands more than nine times, it didn’t specify a number. Wagner’s statement is partially accurate, but leaves out important details -- our definition of .
Statement: The majority of hunters now want universal background checks, the majority of Trump voters.
Speaker: amy klobuchar
About the speaker: Amy Klobuchar is a senator from Minnesota. Klobuchar was elected as senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Klobuchar received a bachelor’s degree in political science from Yale University and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School. In 2019, she announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 2, 2020.
Date: February 20, 2020
Location: national
Topics: polls and public opinion;guns
Context: an MSNBC interview
Fact-check justification: Klobuchar said, "The majority of hunters now want universal background checks, the majority of Trump voters." The  about Trump voters is backed by two national polls from the summer of 2019, while the  about hunters matches a 2013 poll commissioned by a hunting advocacy group. Polls don’t necessarily reflect support for specific pieces of legislation, however. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says a Washington Post reporter is "calling to find out if anyone at this address is a female between the ages of 54 to 57 years old willing to make damaging remarks about candidate Roy Moore" for up to $7,000.
Speaker: anonymous caller
About the speaker: An unidentified person responsible for making a hoax phone call.
Date: November 14, 2017
Location: national
Topics: fake news
Context: a voicemail
Fact-check justification: A caller purporting to be a Washington Post reporter named Bernie Bernstein left a voicemail saying the newspaper was offering women up to $7,000 for damaging information on Roy Moore. The Washington Post denied having made the call and dismissed it as an effort to discredit journalism. Further, it said the reporting methods described in the call — offering cash in exchange for muck — runs counter to Post practice. We found no record of any Washington Post reporters or editors named Bernie Bernstein or Al Bernstein, and emails sent to the address provided in the message came back undeliverable. We rate this .
Statement: We are imprisoning or giving jail sentences to young people who are smoking marijuana.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: October 13, 2015
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;drugs;legal issues;marijuana
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "We are imprisoning or giving jail sentences to young people who are smoking marijuana." Being sentenced to prison for marijuana possession by itself can happen -- but it’s exceedingly rare. Sanders would have been on safer ground had he kept to pointing out continuing high levels of arrests for marijuana possession. These can result in a night in jail and a cascade of problems for those who are arrested, but getting a prison sentence for just smoking a joint is extremely unusual. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: 60 percent of the jobs lost in the 2008 recession were living-wage jobs. Of the jobs we've gotten back, only 40 percent are living-wage.
Speaker: jeff merkley
About the speaker: Jeff Merkley is a Democratic senator from Oregon. He was elected in 2008. Merkley won his first campaign for the Oregon Legislature as a representative in 1998. He was elected Democratic leader in 2003 and speaker of the House in 2007. He studied international relations at Stanford University and earned a graduate degree in public policy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.
Date: December 4, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: jobs
Context: a talk to the Human Services Coalition of Oregon
Fact-check justification: The number of mid-wage jobs added back during the recovery, according to statistics no one disputes, are far outstripped by the number of jobs added for lower-wage and higher-wage occupations. Merkley, in his talk to the Human Services Coalition of Oregon, said 60 percent of the jobs lost starting around 2008 were mid-wage positions, while only 40 percent of the jobs added during the recovery fit that description. His numbers line up with those found by the National Employment Law Project and with similar statistical analyses conducted by Oregon state economists. And though he based his assertion on the recovery using mid-2012 numbers, economists say the trend is holding. We rate his  .