chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: A facial recognition firm "confirmed antifa infiltrated the Trump rally in D.C.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 6, 2021
Topics: corrections and updates;elections;facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  We rate the  that XRVision’s facial recognition "confirmed antifa infiltrated the Trump rally" . UPDATE (Jan. 8, 2021): Following initial publication of this fact-check, the Washington Times responded to PolitiFact to say that it had corrected its story. We have updated this fact-check to reflect that change. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Under President (George W.) Bush, prosecution of gun crimes was 30 percent higher than it is under President Obama.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: November 8, 2013
Location: national
Topics: bush administration;crime;guns
Context: an interview on the "Tonight Show"
Fact-check justification: Cruz said prosecution of gun crimes under the Bush administration was 30 percent higher than it is under Obama. It’s possible to get a decline that big by cherry-picking the data, but the most inclusive method actually produces an increase. Cruz also overstates the role of the president in determining prosecution rates.   We rate Cruz’s  .
Statement: Florida high schools are four out of the top 10 in the entire United States.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: March 4, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: the State of the State speech
Fact-check justification: Scott said that "Florida high schools are four out of the top 10 in the entire United States."   Newsweek’s rankings released in 2013 support Scott's . But education experts say there are several caveats about using that ranking, which is based on self-reported data for a fraction of the nation’s schools. There also are other rankings under which Florida doesn’t fare as well -- for example, the U.S. News rankings include only one Florida school in the top 10, while Education Week gave Florida a "C" for K-12 education statewide. We rate this  .
Statement: FACT: the 'special assistant' in @johnkasich's office makes over three times more than an average #OH firefighter
Speaker: ohio democratic party
About the speaker: Statewide organization for Ohio's Democrats.
Date: February 14, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: public service;state budget;workers
Context: a tweet on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Chabria’s salary is also more than three times the average salary of a firefighter with one year of experience, according to the Ohio Police & Fire Pension Fund’s actuary reports. (But only 3.7 percent of current firefighters had 1 year of experience, the report shows.) While we would like to have more current data, the overall pension fund numbers are skewed because they also include pay figures from higher ranking, higher paid officers. All of this  also underscores the point often made by the Politifact: Statistics often need illumination. We rate the tweet as .
Statement: Says he "actually wrote the bipartisan law that makes it illegal to drill off Florida's coast.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: June 21, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: environment
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: A campaign ad paid for by Nelson said he "actually wrote the bipartisan law that makes it illegal to drill off Florida’s coast." The ad writers should be more careful with their language. Nelson co-sponsored legislation in 2006 that would have banned drilling off Florida’s coast. That measure was never signed in to law, but similar ideas were included in the Gulf of Mexico Energy Security Act of 2006, which, among other things, enacted a moratorium on drilling 125 miles of the eastern portion of the Gulf of Mexico until June 2022. According to news reports at that time, Nelson and Martinez negotiated and worked to make sure Florida’s Gulf Coast was protected under with the 2006 act. And even though the law was not an exact copy, environmental experts agreed that Nelson deserves credit for writing the bipartisan law that makes it illegal to drill off Florida’s Gulf coast. We rate this  .
Statement: All of our taxpayers are paying roughly 22% of the U.N. budget.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: January 18, 2017
Topics: global news service;foreign policy
Context: a senate confirmation hearing
Fact-check justification: Portman said American taxpayers cover 22 percent of the U.N. budget. Budget documents from the U.N. and the United States confirm that. The percentage for peacekeeping operations is even higher. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/63427eda-6b4a-44ef-8a7b-173dcc05f504
Statement: Bernie Sanders in 1963 — arrested protesting segregation. Joe Biden in 1975 — passionate speech defending segregation.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 2, 2020
Topics: civil rights;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said "Bernie Sanders in 1963 — arrested protesting segregation. Joe Biden in 1975 — passionate speech defending segregation." The post is correct about Sanders — he was arrested in Chicago in 1963 for protesting school segregation. But the text attacks Biden too broadly when it states that he was "defending segregation." Biden did oppose court-ordered busing in 1975, a program intended to achieve school integration. But he supported other legislation that aimed to fight segregation in housing and expand voting rights. We rate this statement .
Statement: They removed your ability to go buy firearms the day of election.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 8, 2022
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: An Instagram video says, "They removed your ability to go buy firearms the day of election." One of three databases that comprise the National Instant Criminal Background Check System had unexpected technical problems on Election Day, causing the system to be unavailable for about an hour. The problem was then fixed. We rate this  .
Statement: Says that guidance urging vaccinated people to avoid travel and continue wearing masks is "profoundly anti-science.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: December 15, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: science;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The guidance issued by the CDC that urges vaccinated people to continue wearing masks and avoid travel was described by Cruz as "profoundly anti-science." The emerging vaccines each were placed through months of clinical trials that tested for their efficacy in preventing illness. Their efficacy in preventing transmission was not part of the trials and is not yet known. The guidance issued by the public health community is borne out of science’s blind spots in regard to transmission and the gradual pace of vaccine distribution. We rate this  .
Statement: The incandescent light bulb "has no effect whatever on the planet.
Speaker: george will
About the speaker: George Will is a conservative columnist syndicated by the Washington Post.
Date: May 11, 2014
Topics: energy;government regulation;regulation;punditfact
Context: comments on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Will said incandescent light bulbs have no effect whatsoever on the planet. There is broad consensus that incandescent bulbs are less efficient than alternatives such as compact fluorescent bulbs. And because they are less efficient, they require more energy -- and generate more greenhouse gas emissions. Hence, they clearly have an effect on the planet. Alternative bulbs may not be a panacea, but Will went way too far in saying incandescent light bulbs play no role in how we consume energy resources. We rate Will’s  .
Statement: We've cut taxes 50 times and look what has happened to our revenues. They've grown.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: January 20, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a comment to a Tampa Bay Times reporter
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "We've cut taxes 50 times and look what has happened to our revenues. They've grown." Scott has a debatable definition of tax cuts, but the state’s tax revenues have increased since he took office. Economists told us it would be difficult to attribute growth specifically to tax changes. The national economic recovery, population growth, higher property values and inflation are the major factors for the state’s growth. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Jill Biden makes stunning admission after" President Joe Biden tested positive for COVID-19.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 21, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "I talked to him just a few minutes ago, he’s doing fine, he’s feeling good. I tested negative this morning. I am going to keep my schedule I am — according to CDC guidelines — I am keeping masked." The post’s  of a "stunning admission" falls short. We rate it .
Statement: Emergency injunction and tribunal order was served to WHO … to immediately cease and desist a criminal conspiracy to commit war crimes.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 11, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The mass arrest of world leaders and the more than 8,000 people who work at the World Health Organization, among others, would be a huge global news event drawing intense media coverage and scrutiny. Yet, there are no credible sources reporting on these claims. Looking at Pacer, a database of U.S. federal court records, we found no such arrest warrants. On Interpol’s website showing red notices, which are requests to law enforcement worldwide to arrest someone, Gates, Fauci, Biden, Trump and Winfrey don’t appear.     We rate this post !
Statement: Says Sen. Bernie Sanders lived off welfare before he was elected, never held a "9-5 job" and hasn't proposed a single bill that passed.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 19, 2019
Topics: candidate biography;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An old meme suggests Sanders is not fit to be president because he hasn’t held a "9-5 job," never proposed a single bill that passed and lived off welfare before he was elected to public office. Sanders didn’t collect a steady paycheck before he was elected, and at one point he ran while he was collecting unemployment. But the meme ignores other positions he held throughout the years as well as his decades serving as an elected official. Sanders has sponsored multiple bills that were eventually enacted and there is no  to support the  that he once lived off welfare. We rate these claims .
Statement: Free dental implants" are available "through Dental Grants.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 2, 2023
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Grants" would suggest that money is available to pay for the implants , which are surgically placed into the jaw to support artificial teeth such as dentures , which are removable. But all six links on the page shared on Facebook led not to ways to obtain free implants, but to commercial dental clinics and other websites.   The websites of the clinics selling dental implants offered free consultations, as many businesses do. But we found no offers of grants or free implants. We rate the post .
Statement: Household incomes are down more than $4,000 since the year 2000.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 21, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;income
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Household incomes are down more than $4,000 since the year 2000." He’s right on the number. However, for a statistic embedded in a series of attacks on Obama, it  the income trend under the current president. A majority of the decline in real household income since 2000 actually occurred under a Republican president. The statement is accurate but needs additional information, so we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/dd9bd01f-4542-406b-b87e-313c218b1da3
Statement: This whole COVID thing? It's a SIMULATION.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 11, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: For many, news that COVID-19 vaccines have been approved in the United States and elsewhere in the world came as a relief. As of Dec. 17, more than 74.5 million cases had been confirmed globally, according to Johns Hopkins University. More than 1.6 million people have died.   In the United States, where some cities are seeing cases skyrocket , more than 17 million people have gotten sick from the coronavirus and more than 308,000 have died.   We rate this Facebook post !
Statement: The science says "open the schools, stop wearing masks outside, and everyone at low risk should start living normal lives.
Speaker: buck sexton
About the speaker: A conservative American radio host, political commentator, author, and former intelligence officer with the Central Intelligence Agency.
Date: February 8, 2021
Topics: health check;coronavirus
Context: a blog item posted on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A blog post by conservative talk show host Buck Sexton claims scientific  shows that right now we should "open the schools, stop wearing masks outside, and everyone at low risk should start living normal lives." Scientific research shows that in order for schools to reopen safely, risk mitigation measures must be put in place, such as requiring masks, rigorous hand-washing and limiting the number of students in classrooms. These changes, though, would not represent a return to normal, but a new normal for students and teachers.  The remainder of Sexton’s statement strays further from current science. Research indicates that you’re safer outdoors than indoors, but public health experts still recommend wearing masks in public, even outside. Science does not support the idea that the time is right for some people to resume life as normal. That would allow the virus to continue to spread and have a large human cost in hospitalizations and deaths, said the experts. Sexton’s post is . We rate it .
Statement: Ohio "thought that our (voting) machines were so awful we got rid of them, but South Carolina bought them. This is true. South Carolina bought all the machines we got rid of because they were not effective.
Speaker: marcia fudge
About the speaker: Rep. Marcia Fudge, a Democrat from Warrensville Heights, is the congresswoman from Ohio's 11th district. Prior to her election to the House of Representatives, she was mayor of Warrensville Heights.
 
Date: May 8, 2019
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a hearing
Fact-check justification: Fudge said that Ohio "thought that our (voting) machines were so awful we got rid of them but South Carolina bought them. This is . South Carolina bought all the machines we got rid of, because they were not effective." Her statement was confusing, and her explanation didn’t clear it up. The state did not buy machines from Ohio. A study commissioned by Ohio found multiple types of equipment were vulnerable from both of those companies. South Carolina continued to use the Election Systems and Software equipment despite the findings. That doesn’t make Fudge’s version of the story more accurate. We rate this statement .
Statement: The Obama administration is refusing to directly arm the Kurds.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: February 8, 2015
Location: national
Topics: iraq;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: comments on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Cruz said, "the Obama administration is refusing to directly arm the Kurds." The administration has sent a significant amount of arms and other aid to the Iraqi Kurds to assist in the fight against the Islamic State. However, Cruz is right to say that this aid is indirect -- it has to go through the Iraqi government under current law. While the administration insists that this process works, policymakers like Cruz, as well as Kurds and an expert with knowledge of the situation on the ground, have said that the Iraqi government has stopped some of these weapons from reaching their intended destinations. Cruz might have been better off not using the word "refusing," however. There are domestic laws and United Nations regulations -- as well as diplomatic considerations -- preventing the United States from directly arming the Kurds. Cruz’s statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Photo shows "Lynn Rothschild and her eating babies decor.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: February 11, 2019
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The wealthy, Jewish Rothschild family has long been the subject of anti-Semitic conspiracy theories. Forbes, for example, reported in March that conspiracy theorists in Iraq are peddling the idea that the Rothschilds are behind the coronavirus pandemic. In certain corners of the internet, Lynn Forester de Rothschild has been named in connection with the unfounded belief that powerful people across the globe are involved in a child sex trafficking operation. But there is no  to support that theory, and this photo of her is obviously a hoax.   We rate it .
Statement: Puerto Rico got 91 Billion Dollars for the hurricane, more money than has ever been gotten for a hurricane before.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 2, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: federal budget;natural disasters 
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump tweeted "Puerto Rico got $91 Billion for the hurricane, more money than has ever been gotten for a hurricane before." Trump arrived at that figure by combining the $41 billion already allocated with additional estimated future FEMA costs over the life of the disaster of $50 billion. But that future payment is speculative, and it will be years before we know how much of it is realized. Even if the $91 billion is the ultimate cost down the road, the federal government already has estimated it spent $120 billion on Hurricane Katrina. We rate this  .
Statement: The majority of women are minimum wage workers.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: April 22, 2019
Location: california
Topics: economy;jobs;women;workers
Context: a CNN town hall
Fact-check justification: Harris said, "The majority of women are minimum wage workers." That’s not correct; minimum wage workers actually account for a tiny fraction of all working women. Harris said she meant to say that a majority of minimum wage workers are women, and that’s the case -- 63% are women. We rate her statement at the CNN town hall .