chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: U.S. Olympic medal winners will owe up to $9,000 to the IRS.
Speaker: americans for tax reform
About the speaker: Americans For Tax Reform was founded in 1985 by Grover Nordquist. It advocates a tax system in which the taxes are simpler, flatter, more visible, and lower than they are today. It views the government's power to control one's life as derived from its power to tax and believes that power should be minimized.
Its flagship program is the Taxpayer Protection Pledge, which it began promoting in 1986 and expanded to the state level in 1990. Those who sign on to the pledge commit to oppose any effort to increase income taxes on individuals or businesses.
Date: July 31, 2012
Location: national
Topics: sports;taxes
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Americans for Tax Reform is correct that gold medalists’ winnings are taxable, and it provides some leeway by saying that U.S. winners could be taxed up to $9,000. Still, it’s not likely that anyone would pay that much per medal in taxes -- even if the winner was fortunate enough to have annual income well over $380,000 and refused to deduct any business expenses on their winnings. Any accountant worth their salt should be able to get the rate of tax on medal winnings much below $9,000, and maybe even to zero. We rate the statement . EDITOR’S NOTE : After our article appeared, Americans for Tax Reform posted a rebuttal to our article that can be read here . We stand by our original rating.
Statement: On extreme-risk guns laws, "This idea has passed Republican legislatures in other states and has been signed by Republican governors.
Speaker: ralph northam
About the speaker: Before he was inaugurated as the 73rd Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia, Ralph Northam served as an Army doctor, pediatric neurologist, business owner, state Senator and Lieutenant Governor.
A native of Virginia’s Eastern Shore, Northam was educated at the Virginia Military Institute.  After graduation, Northam was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army. He served eight years of active duty and rose to the rank of major.
He attended Eastern Virginia Medical School and then traveled to San Antonio for a pediatric residency, where he met his wife Pamela, a pediatric occupational therapist at the same hospital.  Northam did his residencies at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center and served as chief neurological resident at Johns Hopkins Hospital. As an Army doctor, he served in Germany, treating soldiers wounded in Operation Desert Storm.
Date: January 9, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: voting record;guns
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Northam, in unsuccessfully urging the General Assembly to pass an extreme-risk gun law, said, "This idea has passed Republican legislatures in other states and has been signed by Republican governors." Seven GOP governors have signed extreme-risk gun legislation since 1995. Two Republican controlled state legislatures have passed such a bill since 2005. We rate Northam’s statement .
Statement: We can prevent terror suspects from boarding an airplane, but the FBI doesn't have the power to block them from buying dynamite or an AK-47.
Speaker: michael bloomberg
About the speaker: Michael Bloomberg was mayor of New York City from 2002 to 2013. The billionaire co-founded Bloomberg LP, a financial information and media company, in 1981. On Nov. 24, 2019, he announced his candidacy for the 2020 Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on March 4, 2020.
Date: May 5, 2010
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;terrorism;guns
Context: an op ed article
Fact-check justification: Whether the law makes sense is a political matter. But unless or until the proposed law is enacted, there is no dispute that the FBI currently does not have the power to block suspected terrorists from buying dynamite or an AK-47, as Bloomberg said, unless they have some other disqualifying factor such as a felony conviction on their record. And, in fact, people on the terror watch list have been able to purchase firearms or explosives more than a thousand times in the past six years. The purchases may trigger "enhanced investigative methods" from the FBI, but the sales are allowed just the same. We rate Bloomberg's statement .
Statement: Says the U.S. House's COVID-19 relief bill, advanced by Democrats, "strips states of their right to administer elections.
Speaker: glenn grothman
About the speaker: Republican Glenn Grothman, of the Town of Glenbeulah in Sheboygan County, was first elected to Congress in 2014 after serving 21 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. He represents the 6th Congressional District in east-central Wisconsin that includes all or parts of Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Dodge, Winnebago, Columbia, Green Lake, Marquette and Waushara counties.  
 
Date: October 4, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;states;wisconsin
Context: Newsletter
Fact-check justification: In a newsletter, Grothman said a newly approved coronavirus relief package "strips states of their right to administer elections." The legislation would create a new baseline for how states conduct federal elections, including rules for absentee and early voting, and outlines several requirements that some states don’t currently have in place. But states would still be responsible for administering elections. What’s more, this is far from the first time Congress has considered measures to make the voting process more uniform.  We rate this  .
Statement: All" University of Texas "student-athletes get an iPad.
Speaker: jody conradt
About the speaker: Jody Conradt coached the University of Texas women's basketball team for 31 years.
Date: September 28, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: education;sports;technology
Context: a Texas Tribune Festival panel
Fact-check justification: Conradt said all UT student-athletes get an iPad. That’s not so, though less than 30 iPads are available for UT’s 500-plus student-athletes to borrow for up to a year at a time. We rate this statement, which has an element of  but otherwise ignores critical facts, as .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says PolitiFact says Amendment 4 "will force counties and cities across Florida to raise taxes and fees.
Speaker: citizens for lower taxes and a stronger economy
About the speaker: A political action committee opposing Florida's proposed Amendment 4.
Date: October 17, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: florida amendments
Context: a newspaper ad
Fact-check justification: Let's look at what Citizens for Lower Taxes and a Stronger Economy said again in its ad. Citing PolitiFact, it said Amendment 4 "will force counties and cities across Florida to raise taxes and fees." Well, we can speak unequivocally about this one. PolitiFact Florida never said that what happened in St. Pete Beach's case will happen in cities and counties across Florida if Amendment 4 is approved. We never said it in any other -O-Meter items either. And even ignoring that, PolitiFact Florida never said St. Pete Beach's local hometown democracy rules forced the city to raise its tax rate. No doubt about it: ! (And no footnote required). UPDATE: Ryan Houck, a spokesman for Citizens for Lower Taxes and a Stronger Economy, said the line in the Sentinel ad was mistakenly sourced to PolitiFact. "Over the course of this campaign, we’ve generated literally thousands of documents containing accurate claims and citations — we’ve always prided ourselves on an attention to detail and a focus on the facts," he said. "However, sometimes mistakes happen and I’m sorry to say that one has happened here." Houck said that the ad should have referenced Florida TaxWatch as the source for the ad’s .
Statement: Says the health care law rations care, like systems in Canada and Great Britain.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: July 2, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Scott’s statement doesn’t refer to a specific part of the law. Here’s the bottom line: The health care law rations care no more nor less than the current health care system does. The current health care system  -- whether it’s private insurance, Medicare or Medicaid -- does not allow people to have all the health care as they want. Under the new law, people still can’t have all the health care they want. We rate Scott’s statement .
Statement: I'm not one for name calling.
Speaker: ed rendell
About the speaker: a Democrat who is serving his second term as governor of Pennsylvania.
Date: July 27, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: ethics
Context: an interview with Politico's Burgess Everett
Fact-check justification: Pennsylvanians know: Rendell can put his foot in his mouth . But he also can very purposefully read a fellow politician(s) for filth during a live broadcast. We’re not judging. We’re just saying. We rule this  a .
Statement: When you were casting your vote for Republicans, Brian Kemp was voting for Democrats.
Speaker: doug macginnitie
About the speaker: Doug MacGinnitie is a Republican candidate for Georgia Secretary of State.
Date: June 23, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: message machine 2010;voting record
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: In the 2008 Clarke general primary, Kemp was among only 39 percent of voters who chose a Republican ballot, according to Georgia secretary of state records. Sixty-one percent of voters selected a Democratic ballot. While MacGinnitie is correct that Kemp voted in three Democratic primaries, his conclusion that his opponent is guilty of "hypocrisy" is . It ignores the political dynamics of Kemp's home county as well the bulk of his voting history. We rate MacGinnitie's  .
Statement: Part of his ride was to warn the British that were already there that, 'Hey, you're not going to succeed.'
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: June 5, 2011
Location: national
Topics: history;pundits
Context: an interview on Fox
Fact-check justification: It was not. His aim -- in his own words -- was solely to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock of British troop movement. We rate Palin's comment .    Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: Photo shows a Home Depot worksheet on "privilege" used to train its employees.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 22, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Home Depot document about racial and social privilege is being shared online with the interpretation that it represents required training for the company’s employees. The document is real, but it is not used in any company-wide training and employees are not required to review it. It was created by Home Depot’s Canadian division as an internal resource that could be accessed online and it was not made or approved by the company’s corporate office. While the pamphlet is legitimate, social media posts about it are leaving out important details about its scope that give a different impression. We rate the  .
Statement: Says U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson "doesn't even believe that there's a man-made role in climate change.
Speaker: russ feingold
About the speaker: Russ Feingold served as a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Wisconsin from 1992 until 2010, when he was defeated for re-election. An attorney, he previously served 10 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. Following his Senate defeat, he founded Progressives United, which says it mission is to "stand up to the exploding corporate influence in our political system by organizing and amplifying the voices of those who believe that corporations have too much power." Feingold is running against U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, the man who defeated him, in the 2016 election.
Date: October 6, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment
Context: a meeting with the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel editorial board
Fact-check justification: But these statements aren’t relevant to a  made weeks earlier. Our rating Feingold said Johnson "doesn't even believe that there's a man-made role in climate change." Johnson did not support a Senate amendment to acknowledge a man-made role in climate change and expressed skepticism each of the few times he acknowledged humans might contribute. He has acknowledged at times that humans can play a role but downplayed how significant that role might be. For a statement that is accurate but needs additional clarification, our rating is .
Statement: Gas prices are the lowest in the U.S. in over ten years!
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 4, 2017
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump tweeted, "Gas prices are the lowest in the U.S. in over ten years!" Trump likely meant to say that gas prices on the July 4 weekend are lower now than at any point since 2005. But Trump tweeted something more sweeping -- that gas prices haven’t been lower in more than a decade. That’s not correct. As such,we rate the statement .
Statement: Violent crime rate dropped like a rock following West Virginia's adoption of permitless carry.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 20, 2021
Location: west virginia
Topics: crime;guns
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: The post said that "violent crime rate dropped like a rock following West Virginia’s adoption of permitless carry." This is a selective representation of the data. After an initial decline in 2017 and 2018, violent crime rose again in 2019 and 2020 and is now back around its level prior to the law being passed. In addition, experts say that the violent crime rate is an imperfect statistic to use for tracking gun crimes. Another statistic, the homicide rate, may be a better indicator, and it did not see the big drop in 2017 and 2018 that was found for violent crime. And like the violent crime rate in West Virginia, the homicide rate has also gone up in 2019 and 2020. We rate the statement .
Statement: The U.S. Navy has sailed ships around the world for 60 years with nuclear power plants on them and we've never had an accident.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: June 2, 2008
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: Nashville, Tenn
Fact-check justification: The Navy's reactors are much smaller and more robust than reactors used commercially. They are designed for combat and to take jolts from being in a submarine. So the comparison isn't entirely fair, he said. In short, while there is debate about the relevance of McCain's statistic, McCain is right when he says there have been no reactor accidents aboard the U.S. Navy's nuclear-powered vessels. We rate his statement .
Statement: Every year in the United States between 3,000 and 4,500 severe vaccine reactions are reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Not mild reactions. Severe reactions that land somebody in the hospital, the intensive care unit or cause a permanent disability or death.
Speaker: bob sears
About the speaker: Dr. Bob Sears is a California pediatrician and author of The Vaccine Book: Making the Right Decision for Your Child.
Date: February 2, 2015
Topics: health care;public health;punditfact
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Sears said, "Every year in the United States between 3,000 and 4,500 severe vaccine reactions are reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Not mild reactions. Severe reactions that land somebody in the hospital, the intensive care unit or cause a permanent disability or death." Sears reached this conclusion by doing some math based on data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But, at the least, he would have been better off sticking with the CDC’s general  that 10 percent to 15 percent of reported reactions are deemed serious. The fact is, the CDC’s database includes a clear warning that the there is no  the reported cases are related to vaccines. Nor do the specific years we looked at -- going back to 2006 -- back up Sears’ specific range. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, which is our definition of .
Statement: Car thefts (are) increasing in 8 of the 10 most populous (Wisconsin) counties.
Speaker: chris kapenga
About the speaker: Republican Chris Kapenga, a certified public accountant and small-business owner, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2010. He represents the Delafield area west of Milwaukee.
Date: February 19, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;crime;states
Context: news release
Fact-check justification: In seeking support for a bill he introduced, Kapenga said "car thefts (are) increasing in 8 of the 10 most populous counties."  State data shows that, among the most populous counties, only Milwaukee and Kenosha saw a drop in a recent five-year period. But in choosing those counties to make his point, Kapenga is sidestepping the fact statewide data shows vehicle thefts are down. Our definition of  is "the statement is accurate, but needs clarification or additional information." That fits here.
Statement: Every time we raise the minimum wage, the number of jobless people increases.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: November 10, 2015
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;workers
Context: Milwaukee, Wis
Fact-check justification: Carson said, "Every time we raise the minimum wage, the number of jobless people increases." If you look at the 12-month period following every minimum-wage hike since 1978, joblessness did rise on seven occasions, but it fell on four occasions, undercutting his sweeping . In addition, it’s not at all clear that a minimum-wage hike was the primary culprit for the periods in which joblessness rose, since those periods also coincided with broader recessions in the economy. We rate his  .
Statement: A person is on film "burning 80 Trump ballots.
Speaker: eric trump
About the speaker: Eric Trump is the second son of President Donald Trump and his former wife Ivana Trump. He is the executive vice president of the Trump Organization.
Date: November 4, 2020
Location: virginia
Topics: elections;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Those were sample ballots. Addressed this yesterday. https://t.co/yprxQ7Icqn . The Trump campaign did not immediately respond to an inquiry. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Mike Pence was arrested.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 6, 2021
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Today was a dark day in the history of the United States Capitol," he said. On Jan. 8, he tweeted again for the first time since the attack, saying he and his wife were saddened by the death of the U.S. Capitol police officer who died that day.   We rate claims that he was arrested . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Biden signs 45% capital gains tax. Kiss your inheritance goodbye.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 1, 2021
Topics: taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A widely shared Facebook post stated: "Biden signs 45% capital gains tax. Kiss your inheritance goodbye." Biden has proposed changes that would increase capital gains and estate tax rates, and expand the reach of both taxes.  But Congress has not passed any of those changes, and thus no such bill has been signed by Biden. We rate the statement .
Statement: Back in 2005, when we did that first point-in-time count, there were over 188,000 thousand people that were deemed homeless in the state of California. … That's 35,000 more than we have today.
Speaker: gavin newsom
About the speaker: Gavin Newsom was elected governor of California in 2018. He is the state's former lieutenant governor and served as mayor of San Francisco. He is a Democrat.
Date: February 19, 2020
Location: national
Topics: homeless;housing;poverty;state budget;california
Context: a State of the State Address
Fact-check justification: We rated the governor’s  .    – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. RELATED:  Transcript And Analysis: California Gov. Gavin Newsom's 2020 State Of The State One year in, Gov. Gavin Newsom shows bold action, but California’s homelessness crisis deepens ‘A Real Emergency’: Newsom Issues Executive Order To Use State Land, Travel Trailers, Hospitals For California Homeless Crisis A promise stalled: Eight months in, Gov. Gavin Newsom has yet to hire a homelessness czar
Statement: His proposed budget would "cut our deficit in half by the end of my first term.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 24, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: In other words, Obama is not saying he will be cutting the national debt by half in four or five years. To the contrary, the CBO projects the running total of the country's national debt — which was around $7 trillion when Obama took office — will increase to nearly $12 trillion in four years. In summary, Obama is correct when he says the CBO predicts that under Obama's budget plan, the deficit would be cut in half in five year. But he's comparing it to a year we all hope is a major anomaly, which makes the dramatic-sounding achievement much easier. So we rule his statement .