chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: California to teach kindergarteners there are 15 genders.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 28, 2019
Topics: education;lgbtq;sexuality;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A video Facebook post said, "California to teach kindergarteners there are 15 genders." The recently shared video from January criticized California’s draft health curriculum framework. At the time, the state document included some recommended books for parents including "Who Are You?: The Kids Guide to Gender Identity." The book listed various gender identity terms. But it was not included in the state guidance as a mandatory lesson for teachers of all kindergarten students in California. The controversy is also out of date, which some Facebook groups may not know about. On May 8, the California Board of Education decided to remove the book, among others, and the state is in the process of updating the document that lists the book. We rate this statement .
Statement: White nationalist protesters in Charlottesville "had a permit. The other group didn't have a permit.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 15, 2017
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;race and ethnicity
Context: a question-and-answer session with reporters
Fact-check justification: Trump said that white nationalist protesters in Charlottesville "had a permit. The other group didn’t have a permit." In reality, both the Unite the Right marchers and the counter-protesters had official permission to assemble on Saturday, either from a court or from the city. If Trump meant to refer to the Friday night march, then neither side would have needed a permit to assemble. And if he did mean Friday night’s march, then he is seriously distorting the torch-light march by saying participants were "protesting very quietly." We rate the statement .
Statement: Says John Podesta's email password was "password.
Speaker: jesse watters
About the speaker: Jesse Watters is the host of "Jesse Watters Primetime" and a co-host of "The Five" on Fox News.
Date: January 4, 2017
Topics: homeland security;technology;punditfact
Context: an episode of Fox News' "Outnumbered"
Fact-check justification: Watters said Podesta’s email password was "password." There is no material  to back up this . Google doesn’t even allow Gmail users to make their password "password." We know from the stolen Podesta emails published on WikiLeaks that he used a Windows 8 login that had the password " [email protected] " But that’s not for his email account. We rate this  .
Statement: Every month, another 50,000 U.S.-born Hispanics turn 18 and become eligible to vote.
Speaker: ruben navarrette jr.
About the speaker: Ruben Navarette Jr., a syndicated columnist and commentator, works for the San Diego Union-Tribune.
Date: September 28, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;elections
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Just 42.7 percent of the nation's Latino population is eligible to vote, while more than three-in-four (77.7 percent) of whites, two-thirds of blacks (67.2 percent) and more than half of Asians (52.8 percent) are eligible to vote." So, how does Navarrette’s  stand? The 50,000-a-month count is about right. Regardless, it’s a tad  to showcase that figure for Latino Americans when both the number of black and Anglo citizens reaching voting age is, for now, even greater. We rate the statement .
Statement: I was one of about a dozen (senators) who voted against the Bridge to Nowhere.
Speaker: george allen
About the speaker: George Allen was a U.S. senator from 2001-2007. He was governor of Virginia from 1994-1998.
Date: December 7, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: federal budget
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: After the amendment’s defeat, lawmakers hashing out differences between the House and Senate measure of the appropriations bill removed the earmark for the Bridge project and instead provided the money directly to the Alaska Department of Transportation to spend on whatever projects it saw fit. That funding still could have gone to Ketchikan-Gravina Island span, but ultimately the bridge was never built. Our Ruling Allen said he was one of  a dozen senators who voted against the Bridge to Nowhere. When faced with a specific amendment to defund the bridge, Allen was one of a minority of senators who opted to kill the project. We rate his  .
Statement: U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has secured a seat on the House Financial Services Committee but her "credit score is 430 and has had two checking accounts closed, along with two sheriff's evictions.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 16, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Our search of public records databases turned up no mention of an eviction, or any other property or housing problems involving law enforcement (nor were there any judgments, liens or bankruptcies). According to her April 2018 financial disclosure report , the only liability listed was one federal student loan. "No this is not , no her credit score is not 430 and she does not have any sheriff evictions," Ocasio-Cortez’s spokesperson told us.    While Ocasio-Cortez has had to work two jobs in the past to help support her family and currently has one student loan, there is no  to support she has ever been evicted, has had bank accounts closed or has a low credit score. We rate this  !
Statement: We were living outside of Houston and that's when I found it: a commuter college, 45 minutes away that cost $50 a semester.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: January 4, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: It would have been more accurate for Warren to have said that tuition at the University of Houston was $50 a semester, a  she has made multiple times in the past. When considering associated fees and expenses, the total cost per semester was closer to $100. Warren has repeated the accurate version of this statement multiple times since at least 2014. Overall, her  is accurate, but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Photos show the U.S. service members killed in a 2021 suicide bombing in Kabul.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 27, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;foreign policy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) On Aug. 29, a military transport plane carrying the remains of 11 Marines, a Navy medic and an Army staff sergeant landed in Delaware.   Military Times published their photos , which are different from the photos that appear in the Facebook post. Their names are: We rate this post .
Statement: Says economists Harvey Rosen and Martin Feldstein have said that "paying for (Mitt) Romney's tax cuts would require large tax increases on families making between $100,000 and $200,000.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 7, 2012
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: an email to supporters
Fact-check justification: The Obama email claimed that Rosen and Feldstein have said that "paying for (Mitt) Romney’s tax cuts would require large tax increases on families making between $100,000 and $200,000." But Feldstein’s analysis didn’t look at the income range the Obama campaign said it did, and in Rosen’s case, the Obama campaign has overplayed its hand. At the very least, Rosen’s work could be interpreted as saying that tax increases on middle-income voters could be needed -- not would be needed -- and Rosen never characterized any such increases as "large." Either way, both economists’ analyses include clearly worded passages that disagree with the Obama campaign’s  that middle-class tax increases would be "required" under a Romney plan. We rate the Obama campaign’s  .
Statement: If you like your health care plan, you can keep your health care plan.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 11, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a town hall meeting
Fact-check justification: But clearly some change is coming. It's not realistic for Obama to make blanket statements that "you" will be able to "keep your health care plan." It seems like rhetoric intended to soothe people that health care reform will not be overly disruptive. But one of the points of reform is to change the way health care works right now. So we rate Obama's statement .
Statement: Says Russ Feingold voted to give Social Security benefits to illegal immigrants
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: October 29, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: immigration;message machine 2010
Context: an automated phone message, as well as a radio ad, news releases and debates
Fact-check justification: In just about every venue possible, Republican Ron Johnson is charging Democrat Russ Feingold supported giving Social Security benefits to illegal immigrants. In , the 2006 amendment cited by Johnson, which Feingold did oppose, would not have prevented illegals from receiving Social Security benefits. They already were barred. In fact, Feingold wound up voting for a more modest version of the amendment the following year. This one isn’t a borderline call: .
Statement: This president has offered fewer executive actions than almost any other president preceding his presidency in recent history.
Speaker: beto o'rourke
About the speaker: Beto O’Rourke is a former representative of Texas’s 16th Congressional District. He represented the district from 2013 until 2019, when he gave up his seat to run a senate campaign against incumbent Ted Cruz, which O’Rourke lost. He received a bachelor’s degree in English literature from Columbia University. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: July 13, 2014
Location: national
Topics: supreme court
Context: comments on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: O’Rourke said, "This president has offered fewer executive actions than almost any other president preceding his presidency in recent history." People often point to the number of a president’s executive orders to indicate his use of unilateral action, and by that metric, Obama has a lower record than most presidents in recent history. That’s likely what O’Rourke meant when he said "executive action." But executive action includes much more than just orders, and there’s no way to definitively calculate how many Obama has carried out in order to compare him to other presidents. O’Rourke is right when it comes to one type of executive action -- executive orders -- but the rest of the record is unclear. As such, we rate, we rate O’Rourke’s statement .
Statement: The president got the highest percentage of minority votes of any Republican candidate for president in over 100 years.
Speaker: roy blunt
About the speaker: Roy Blunt is the junior U.S. senator from Missouri. He was formerly a U.S. representative from Missouri’s 7th district, and served for six years as the Republican whip in that chamber.
Date: November 24, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: elections;race and ethnicity
Context: an Interview with the Southeast Missourian
Fact-check justification: Blunt said, "The president got the highest percentage of minority votes of any Republican candidate for president in over 100 years."  Trump received 26% of the overall non-white vote, but George W. Bush received more at 28%. We rate the statement .
Statement: In South Florida, "we've had nine inches of sea-level rise since the 1920s.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: June 28, 2013
Location: national
Topics: environment
Context: an interview with Fox News
Fact-check justification: Wasserman Schultz said that in South Florida, "we've had nine inches of sea-level rise since the 1920s." That essentially matches the data collected by the National Oceantic and Atmospheric Administration. While there is considerable uncertainty about the future course of sea-level rises, Wasserman Schultz’s estimate of the historical rise appears to be on target. We rate her statement .
Statement: Government imposed lockdowns do NOT reduce [COVID-19] cases or stop spikes.
Speaker: james gallagher
About the speaker: James Gallagher is a Republican who represents District 3 in the California State Assembly. The district includes much of the northern Sacramento Valley, including Butte, Tehama, Sutter, Yuba, Colusa and Glenn counties.
Date: December 3, 2020
Location: california
Topics: economy;health care;government regulation;public health;small business
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "  Infectious disease experts, however, say government shutdowns do work by reducing social interaction which, when maintained, cuts down on the spread of COVID-19.   Several studies, including from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, show government-imposed closures, when combined with mask-wearing, social distancing and hand hygiene, are effective.   The studies and experts also point out there’s no single strategy that works on its own. California officials have imposed business restrictions while promoting additional strategies to combat COVID-19. We rated Gallagher’s  as .    – The statement is not accurate.
Statement: Nancy Pelosi's Son Paul Jr. Was Exec at 'Ukraine-Based Gas Company,' Similar to Hunter Biden
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 4, 2019
Topics: energy;foreign policy;facebook fact-checks
Context: posts on the Internet
Fact-check justification: Social media posts said that "Nancy Pelosi's Son Paul Jr. Was Exec at 'Ukraine-Based Gas Company,' Similar to Hunter Biden." Pelosi Jr. served on the board of Viscoil, a company that was not based in Ukraine. After Pelosi Jr. was off the board, a Ukrainian singer is alleged to have promoted the company. Separately, Pelosi Jr. visited Ukraine, but there is no indication that he went there to conduct energy business. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says his job approval poll numbers are "not bad" relative to other presidents at this point in his presidency.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 16, 2017
Location: national
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said his six-month approval poll numbers are "not bad" relative to other presidents at this point in his presidency. Not bad isn’t a scientific term, but by any sober measure Trump is performing relatively worse compared to his contemporaries, as well as any president since World War II. We rate his  .
Statement: If you look at the application for a security clearance, I have a clearance that even the president of the United States cannot obtain because of my background.
Speaker: allen west
About the speaker: Allen West announced in July 2021 that he is running for the Republican primary for Texas governor. He served for about a year as chairman of the Texas Republican Party, stepping down in June 2021. West represented Florida's 22nd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013. Lieutenant Colonel West retired from the Army in 2004 after 22 years of service.
Date: September 21, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography;military
Context: a candidate forum
Fact-check justification: We don't believe the  suggests that it's an open-and-shut case that Obama would be denied the kind of security clearance West had. And that's the most plausible interpretation of West's comment. The other interpretation -- that West's clearance, either today or in the past -- was higher than any president's is  . The president has the highest security clearance in the land. We rate West's  .
Statement: Says he created "over 500,000 new jobs -- with a surge in female employment last month.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 25, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;women
Context: a White House web page
Fact-check justification: Trump said he created "over 500,000 new jobs -- with a surge in female employment last month." Actually, he can stake a  for a boost of 317,000 jobs at most, not 500,000 -- and that comes with the usual caveats about how much credit presidents deserve for job growth during their tenure. Meanwhile, the data does show a two-month surge in female employment, but it’s too soon to know whether this is a lasting achievement or just statistical noise. We rate the statement .
Statement: In March 2020 the United States deployed 30,000 troops to Europe to ... free child-trafficked children and arrest deep state cabal members.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 26, 2021
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks
Context: a viral video
Fact-check justification: A video shared on Facebook claimed, "In March 2020 the United States deployed 30,000 troops to Europe to ... free child trafficked children and arrest deep state cabal members." U.S. troops were deployed to Europe in preparation for a joint military exercise with European allies that was later scaled back due to the coronavirus. There is no  that any U.S. forces were deployed to Europe to free trafficked children or arrest "deep state cabal members."  We rate this  .
Statement: We gave every public employee in the state the freedom to choose whether or not they want to be in a union.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: March 19, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Indeed, he started his answer apparently with that in mind: "We gave nearly every, well, we gave every public employee in the state the freedom to choose whether or not they want to be in a union or not," he said. Walker almost got it right. But he then backed away. And in the course of doing so, he got it . We rate his statement .
Statement: EPA wants to regulate … the family BBQ.
Speaker: allen west
About the speaker: Allen West announced in July 2021 that he is running for the Republican primary for Texas governor. He served for about a year as chairman of the Texas Republican Party, stepping down in June 2021. West represented Florida's 22nd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013. Lieutenant Colonel West retired from the Army in 2004 after 22 years of service.
Date: March 19, 2015
Topics: environment;food safety;government regulation;punditfact
Context: a post on his website
Fact-check justification: West said the "EPA wants to regulate … the family BBQ." Reasonable people can disagree over whether the research projects in question are worth spending tens of thousands of dollars of taxpayer funds. But it’s  to say, as West does, that their existence demonstrates that the EPA "wants to" regulate backyard barbecues. The EPA says it isn’t seeking to do so, and the projects in question are examples of scientific inquiry, not examples of federal rulemaking. We rate the  .