chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Kentucky Rep. Andy Barr "would let shady payday lenders take advantage of our troops" and that he took "$36,550 from payday lenders.
Speaker: with honor
About the speaker: With Honor is a self-described "cross-partisan" group that formed to support military veterans running for Congress.
Date: September 10, 2018
Location: national
Topics: families;military;veterans
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: With Honor says Barr "would let shady payday lenders take advantage of our troops" and that he received $36,550 in campaign donations from payday lenders. It is  that Bar has accepted $36,550 in donations from payday lenders. But the other part is more complicated. Barr voted for legislation that would weaken the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s power over payday lending agencies, which could indirectly affect military families as the agency fields complaints from the community. However, a 2006 law provides servicemembers protection, with a 36 percent cap on the interest small-dollar lenders could charge families. So while the CFPB could have provided more protections to the military community than the 2006 law, the ad makes it appear as if Barr’s actions were connected to legislation specifically about veterans. We rate it .
Statement: Said he was "able to convince India, Australia, Japan, and the United States to form an organization called the Quad to maintain stability in the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: May 21, 2023
Topics: china;foreign policy
Context: Hiroshima, Japan
Fact-check justification: Biden said he was "able to convince India, Australia, Japan, and the United States to form an organization called the Quad to maintain stability in the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea." Biden has helped revitalize the Quad, and he’s involved the member nations’ leaders more directly in its work. But he didn’t "form" the group; it dates back to the early 2000s, and after a period of dormancy, the effort was revived during Trump’s presidency. Biden’s  gives the  impression that he started the group. However, the White House later said he was focusing on bolstering consistent leader-level meetings among the four countries.  The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: In 1928 "school boards sent home letters with children saying that if Al Smith is elected president, you will not be allowed to have or read a Bible.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 20, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections;history;religion
Context: a speech at the Alfred E. Smith Memorial Dinner
Fact-check justification: Clinton said that in 1928, school boards sent kids home with a note warning that if Al Smith were elected president, they would not be allowed to own or read a Bible. It appears that reference tracks back to a 1932 book, and a newspaper article before that, that spoke of a Sunday school in Daytona Beach passing out a note. There is a chance that other Sunday schools in other states did likewise, but we don’t have proof of that. There is a big difference between a Sunday school and a public school.  The anti-Catholic sentiment Clinton talked about was real and there’s credible  that the note she described went home with some children. But her statement is only partially accurate. We rate this  .
Statement: Title 42 and other Trump-era holdovers are forcing migrants into dangerous, overcrowded conditions in Mexico.
Speaker: joaquin castro
About the speaker: Initially elected to the Texas House in 2002, Joaquin Castro initially won election to the U.S. House in November 2012.
Date: April 28, 2023
Topics: immigration;border security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Experts say Castro is right. U.S. immigration policies influence conditions in northern Mexican border towns. More specifically, a Trump-era public health order — continued under Biden — has led to significant overcrowding in border cities and shelters as immigrants are sent back to Mexico without the option of applying for asylum in the U.S.  Biden policies have worsened the situation as immigrants stay in Mexico awaiting asylum appointments at official U.S. ports of entry, experts say.   The statement is accurate but needs additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Black Friday originated in 1904 when enslaved people were sold at a discount to boost the economy.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 25, 2018
Topics: race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: There is no  that Black Friday originated or is associated with the sale of enslaved people. Slavery was abolished in the U.S. in 1865. The phrase "Black Friday" has been traced to a gold market crash in 1869 and to headaches caused by post-Thanksgiving shopping crowds in Philadelphia in the 1960s. The photo with the post is of Aboriginal prisoners in Australia who were accused of killing cattle, and was published in 1905. We rate this  .
Statement: Reconciliation was used "for tax cuts for the rich twice under Bush.
Speaker: alan grayson
About the speaker: Alan Grayson was initially elected to Congress in 2008, then defeated for re-election in 2010. He was elected again to Congress from a different district in 2012. He lost the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate in Florida in 2016.
Date: March 3, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;legal issues;taxes
Context: an interview on CNN's Larry King Live
Fact-check justification: Grayson is taking a bit of a liberty by describing the measures as "tax cuts for the rich," especially the 2001 cuts, when tax rates were rolled back across income categories. Still, the wealthy did receive significant benefits from the tax cuts since they pay the most taxes, and that was particularly  of the 2003 package. Grayson is correct that the tax cuts were both passed by reconciliation. The 2003 vote, in fact, passed by the narrowest of margins. So we rate his statement .
Statement: Says "for the duration of this recession not a single person in government middle management has lost (a) job or taken a pay cut.
Speaker: jeff kruse
About the speaker: Jeff Kruse represents Senate District 1, which includes Roseburg. He is co-owner of Kruse Farms.
Date: February 29, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: state budget
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: "I have verified with our Human Resource Services Division that 1.5 percent COLA increases were offset by the adoption of 5 percent employee contribution to healthcare premiums," Velez wrote to us in an e-mail.) As for the layoffs that Velez, Evans and Fish mentioned, Kruse didn’t believe them, sticking by his initial statement. Kruse told his constituents that "for the duration of this recession not a single person in government middle management has lost their job or taken a pay cut." That’s blatantly , and yet he continues to stand by his newsletter. We rate this  .
Statement: A telecom bill could keep the State Corporation Commission from getting rate-of-return information from electric utilities.
Speaker: ward armstrong
About the speaker: Ward Armstrong, D-Henry County,  was a  a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2012, serving the final five years as minority leader. He served on the Courts of Justice, Finance, and Rules committees. In 2011, House Republicans merged Armstrong's district with that of another incumbent, Republican Charles Poindexter. Armstrong was defeated by Poindexter that fall.
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Date: February 21, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: regulation
Context: a House floor speech
Fact-check justification: This is the second time during the 2011 session Armstrong has used faulty or outdated information during floor speeches about electric utilities. On the last occasion, regarding incorrectly stated utility rate increases, we gave him the benefit of the doubt because the error involved data sent by the SCC to Armstrong. There are no excuses this time around. Any delegate speaking about a bill on the House floor should know what the legislation says, especially when changes occurred nearly three weeks before his remarks. We rate Armstrong’s statement .
Statement: We have seen over the last 10 years ... under Republican governors a rise in the murder rate in Arizona of 20%.
Speaker: kris mayes
About the speaker: A former Arizona Corporation Commissioner, Mayes is a candidate in 2022 for Arizona attorney general.
Date: September 28, 2022
Location: arizona
Topics: crime
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Mayes said, "We have seen over the last 10 years under Republican agencies and Republican governors a rise in the murder rate in Arizona of 20%." Mayes’ number is . The number of murders in the state increased by 20% from 2010 to 2020, but the murder rate rose by 4%. That span includes the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted many norms, including homicide patterns. Excluding that year, the murder rate fell by about 20% We rate this  .
Statement: Says "in the Legislature, (Mary Nolan) has been a party-line Democrat, showing a 100% track record in harmony with the American Civil Liberties Union.
Speaker: jack bogdanski
About the speaker: Jack Bogdanski is a local blogger.
Date: July 6, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: corrections and updates;voting record
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: We’ll give the statement that Nolan is "a party-line Democrat, showing a 100% track record in harmony with the American Civil Liberties Union" a . *CORRECTION:   An earlier version of this story mischaracterized the effect of this bill. The sentence has been updated. The ruling was not affected.
Statement: No fracking waste is being dumped in New York State
Speaker: basil seggos
About the speaker: Basil Seggos is the Commissioner of the New York Department of Environmental Conservation under Governor Andrew M. Cuomo.
Date: September 7, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: environment;energy
Context: a response at a legislative hearing on water quality and contamination
Fact-check justification: During a hearing on water quality, Basil Seggos, the New York State commissioner for environmental conservation, said "no fracking waste is being dumped in New York State." Data from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection indicates waste from fracking is transported from Pennsylvania’s wells to three landfills in New York. The waste was transported as recently as earlier this year. Well operators did not report sending any flowback or fluid waste from fracking to New York State this year, but they have in years past. We rate this  as .
Statement: Scott Walker opposed a plan to help Wisconsin students refinance their student loans.
Speaker: greater wisconsin committee
About the speaker: The Greater Wisconsin Committee is a liberal group active in Wisconsin state politics, from legislative races to statewide offices. It receives money from a variety of sources, including labor unions. Its campaign ads are typically done through the Greater Wisconsin Political Fund.
Date: October 27, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: debt;economy;education;financial regulation
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Walker certainly isn’t declaring support for the refinancing authority, but he isn’t stating opposition, either. Our rating The Greater Wisconsin Committee says Walker "opposed a plan to help Wisconsin students refinance their student loans." The group acknowledged it has no  that Walker opposed a 2013 Democratic proposal to create a state student loan refinancing authority. Walker may not support the idea, but he hasn’t fought it, either -- as the group claimed. We rate the statement .
Statement: The national debt is "larger than our entire annual economy.
Speaker: jim jordan
About the speaker: Jim Jordan is a member of the House of Representative from Ohio's 4th Congressional District. A conservative Republican, Jordan is chair of the Republican Study Committee.
Date: March 19, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: debt;economy
Context: a congressional hearing
Fact-check justification: When we asked Jordan’s press secretary if there was additional information that PolitiFact Ohio should consider in evaluating her boss’ assertion, she replied: "The facts are correct behind Rep. Jordan’s statement: economy - $15.8 trillion, debt - $16.7 trillion." Jordan claimed "we have a debt larger than our entire annual economy." If you count debt held by the public and intragovernmental holdings, the debt is roughly 105 percent of the economy, which makes his statement accurate. But the debt held by the public is more relevant to discussions about federal spending and the economy. With that clarification, we rate his statement .
Statement: In the first two years and a couple months (as California treasurer), I have saved taxpayers and ratepayers over $5.2 billion.
Speaker: john chiang
About the speaker: John Chiang is California's state treasurer. He is also a Democratic candidate for the 2018 governor's race.
Date: March 23, 2017
Location: california
Topics: state budget;the 2018 california governor's race
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: California Treasurer John Chiang, a 2018 candidate for governor, recently claimed: "I have saved taxpayers and ratepayers over $5.2 billion," since being sworn into office in January 2015. Chiang’s eye-popping figure represents future savings from refinanced state bonds. And while experts say his number looks right, his timeline isn’t. He’s taken action that will pile up savings over future decades, a worthy accomplishment. Over time, that will free up money for other uses. Chiang is right about the total, but  to imply this huge amount of taxpayer money is already in the bank. We rate Chiang’s statement .   – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: There's 100 million people that have preexisting conditions.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 29, 2020
Topics: health care;health check
Context: comments during the first presidential debate
Fact-check justification: His figure was even a little low based on a range provided in an HHS report, said one expert.    But a wide range of people — from 54 million to 133 million — could be affected, according to our reporting. Also, it is unclear how many people with preexisting conditions would be at risk of losing their insurance entirely, or facing higher costs or having their conditions excluded from coverage. Though Biden’s number is certainly within this range, he would need to provide more detail to support such a definitive number.      We rate Biden’s  .
Statement: The property appraiser's budget "is $1 million less today than when I took office 16 years ago.
Speaker: rob turner
About the speaker: Rob Turner is the Hillsborough County Property Appraiser.
Date: July 18, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: county budget
Context: an email interview with the Tampa Bay Times
Fact-check justification: The ruling Despite the distractions, Turner is running on his record of being able to perform his duties for four consecutive terms. Among his most salient qualifications, he says, is that his office cut $1 million from the budget compared to 16 years ago. The numbers show the office’s budget did increase steadily through Florida’s boom years, but only by a relatively small amount. Its annual spending plan is now smaller than when Turner took office in 1996 -- by $1,079,585. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Texas U.S. Rep. Pete Sessions said the GOP's goal is to "go back to the same exact policies that were in place before this president took office... policies that crashed the economy.
Speaker: david axelrod
About the speaker: David Axelrod is a former senior adviser to President Barack Obama. He is now an analyst for NBC News.
Date: September 8, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: bipartisanship;economy
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: (Would that he'd been that precise on NBC.) And how does Axelrod’s statement hold up? Kind of like Sessions’ July statement, with both falling short of clarity about  what Sessions wants back. It's reasonable to speculate Sessions wants a return to relaxed oversight of the nation's finance sector. But there's not enough  to rate Axelrod's statement more than .
Statement: Says Milwaukee County buses are no less safe now than a year or two ago.
Speaker: chris abele
About the speaker: Chris Abele is Milwaukee County Executive, a position he won in an April 2011 special election to finish out the final year of the term of Scott Walker, who was elected governor in November 2010. The election was the first attempt at political office for Abele, a Milwaukee philanthropist and business owner.
The office is nonpartisan, but Abele has indicated he is a Democrat.
Date: December 15, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;transportation
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: But Abele’s  about buses being no less safe than a year or two ago flies in the face of the passenger altercation stats. Plus, Abele makes use of overly broad "incident" numbers that are highly  as a measure of crime. There’s enough counter  -- the declining number of bus drivers struck -- to give Abele’s  an element of . But it also gives a  impression. That is our definition of .
Statement: There's no money" for Planned Parenthood in the bill that would keep the government open.
Speaker: tom cole
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Cole, R-Okla., was elected to Congress in 2002. He's a fifth-generation Oklahoman and one of the only Native Americans serving in Congress.
Date: September 27, 2015
Location: national
Topics: abortion;congress;federal budget
Context: an interview on Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: Cole said, "There’s no money" for Planned Parenthood in the bill that would keep the government open. Congress could include language in the bill that would kill Planned Parenthood funding accounted for in other legislation. This would be an unusual move by Congress and would launch a major political fight. But Cole is correct that the short-term funding bill that Congress is slated to pass does not itself fund Planned Parenthood -- largely because this bill addresses discretionary spending, while the vast majority of Planned Parenthood’s federal funding comes from mandatory spending through the Medicaid program. We rate Cole’s  .
Statement: Says Rep. Pramila Jayapal was not wearing a mask in Congress during the U.S. Capitol mob.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 12, 2021
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says a video screenshot shows that Jayapal was not wearing a mask in Congress during the Capitol mob.  The post is missing critical context: Jayapal and other lawmakers taking shelter in the balcony of the House chambers were instructed to take off their masks and prepare to put on gas masks. We rate this post .
Statement: Pete Buttigieg's dog and pony show. He gets out of [the] car to ride his bike a few feet, pretending to save energy.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 3, 2021
Location: national
Topics: transportation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video post claims that Buttigieg got out of a car "to ride his bike a few feet,  pretending to save energy." A spokesperson for the Transportation Department said Buttigieg used the bike for a round-trip journey between agency headquarters and the White House, which is more than 6 miles. The vehicle seen in the video was part of his security detail. We rate this post .
Statement: Under the American Health Care Act "people with pre-existing conditions are protected.
Speaker: american action network
About the speaker: The American Action Network is a conservative, nonprofit advocacy organization. Its leadership includes Republican former officials.
Date: May 23, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: However, the ad omits that the House GOP health plan would weaken protections for these patients. The legislation would allow states to give insurers the power to charge people significantly more if they had a pre-existing condition. While Republicans point to the fact that those patients could get help through high-risk pools, experts question their effectiveness. Current law does not allow states to charge people with pre-existing conditions significantly more. We rate this  .
Statement: Houston is "the third-most toxic city in the United States of America.
Speaker: farouk shami
About the speaker: Farouk Shami is a Palestinian-born businessman from Houston. He is the founder and chairman of Farouk Systems, Inc., a $1 billion corporation known for it's BioSilk and CHI hair care product lines.
Date: February 8, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: environment;economy;energy
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: He saw that as a boon: "The more people understand about it (air quality), the more changes are likely that will take us in a positive direction." When we reached Lester, he revisited pollution levels reported by industries and posted online by the EPA. In 2007, Harris County industries reported either releasing or disposing of 36.1 million pounds of toxic chemicals, while industries around Detroit in Wayne County nearly matched that dubious achievement, reporting the disposal or release of nearly 30 million pounds of toxic pollutants. Shami correctly referred to a recent national comparison. We rate his statement as .