chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Property taxes have "nothing to do with the state.
Speaker: andrew cuomo
About the speaker: Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, was elected to his first term as governor of New York in 2010.
Date: July 19, 2019
Location: new york
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Cuomo said the state has "nothing to do" with property taxes. It is  that local governments and school districts set property tax rates and collect property taxes . But when local officials set the amount that must be raised from property taxes, they must collect enough money to cover the cost of programs the state and federal governments have said they must provide, even in cases, like Medicaid, when they do not have control over the program’s administration. Local governments have other ways to raise revenue, but the property tax is one of their primary sources.  We rate Cuomo’s statement .
Statement: Suggests root canals are linked to breast cancer.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 1, 2022
Topics: health care;facebook fact-checks
Context: an image
Fact-check justification: The notion that root canals can cause harm is based  on discredited dental research from the 1920s. An Instagram post suggests that root canals are linked to breast cancer. There is no medical  that root canals cause cancer. No studies show that people who get root canals have an increased risk of cancer. We rate this  .
Statement: Greg Abbott was "charged with overseeing the state cancer research fund. But he let his wealthiest donors take tens of millions of taxpayer dollars without proper oversight. They showered Abbott with gifts and free vacations.
Speaker: wendy davis
About the speaker: Wendy Davis, a Fort Worth attorney, was initially elected to the Texas Senate in 2008. She was the 2014 Democratic gubernatorial nominee, giving up a shot at winning re-election to the Senate.
Date: August 23, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: ethics;health care;public health;state budget
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Davis said Abbott was "charged with overseeing the state cancer research fund. But he let his wealthiest donors take tens of millions of taxpayer dollars without proper oversight. They showered Abbott with gifts and free vacations." There’s something here, but Davis leaves out substantive details. Abbott was on a big committee created to oversee institute awards though he designated an aide to act in his stead, not once attending. Also unsaid is that Abbott’s office helped Travis County’s investigation leading to an institute staff member’s indictment; the local district attorney also said committee members weren’t suspected of wrongdoing. A major Abbott donor gave three trips, valued at more than $250 each, to Abbott’s family, but contrary to the ad’s message, that isn’t the same as all the campaign donors connected to institute grants showering Abbott with gifts and free vacations. On balance, we rate this statement .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Mike Lee advised Trump's legal challenges to overturn our election" and "was one of only two senators who was in on the scheme.
Speaker: evan mcmullin
About the speaker: Evan McMullin, a former CIA operative, is a former Republican who ran as an independent for president in 2016. He is an independent candidate for U.S. Senate in Utah in 2022.
Date: April 1, 2022
Topics: ad watch;jan. 6
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: McMullin claimed in an ad that Lee "advised Trump's legal challenges to overturn our election" and "was one of only two senators who was in on the scheme." Lee and another GOP senator, Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, advised the Trump team’s efforts to overturn the result of the 2020 presidential election. But Lee ultimately broke with Trump, concluding there was no  for overturning the result. McMullin’s  is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it . RELATED: Evan McMullin ad portraying GOP Utah Sen. Mike Lee as pro-Russia, anti-Ukraine is  RELATED: Fact-checking ads in 2022 federal and state elections RELATED: Fact-checks on Jan. 6 RELATED: The 2021 Lie of the Year: Lies about the Jan. 6 Capitol attack and its significance
Statement: Says Heidi Heitkamp has "never been interested in" regulatory relief "until all of a sudden I become a candidate for the Senate and put pressure on.
Speaker: kevin cramer
About the speaker: Kevin Cramer is a U.S. Congressman representing North Dakota's At-large congressional district. He is running for U.S. Senate.
Date: May 30, 2018
Location: national
Topics: financial regulation;government regulation;regulation
Context: radio interview
Fact-check justification: Cramer said Heitkamp has "never been interested in" regulatory relief for banks "until all of a sudden I become a candidate for the Senate and put pressure on." Heitkamp has been an advocate of regulatory relief for small banks since she ran for the Senate in 2012. Cramer announced his Senate bid in February. Heitkamp’s lack of support for the regulatory relief that Cramer supports does not mean she is disinterested in regulatory relief. We rate this statement .
Statement: Geithner's failure to pay self-employment taxes while working for the IMF "is a mistake that is commonly made for people who are working internationally or for international institutions.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 14, 2009
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: statement to reporters
Fact-check justification: Bottom line: It's impossible to know exactly how many, or what percentage, of the IMF's employees fail to pay their self-employment taxes. You might argue that even if half of the employees at international organizations (IMF or any other) failed to pay self-employment taxes, you would hope the guy heading up the U.S. Treasury would be among the 50 percent to get it right. Nonetheless, the IRS did generally flag employees of international organizations failing to pay self-employment taxes as a problem area. So we think Obama was on pretty firm gound when he called it common. And so we rate his statement .
Statement: Photo shows R. Kelly being released from prison in 2021.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 2, 2021
Topics: criminal justice;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: He had been arrested for outstanding child support payments, and he was released after paying off the $161,000 he owed to his ex-wife, ABC News reported at the time.   Prison records show that Kelly, whose full name is Robert Sylvester Kelly , is 54 years old . According to the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a Robert Sylveste Kelly, age 54, was in custody at the Metropolitan Correctional Center in Chicago as of June 4. We don’t know why "Sylvester" is missing an R on the prison bureau’s website, but the register number listed there for Kelly matches what’s appeared in court filings and news coverage . We rate this post .
Statement: During the Monica Lewinsky scandal, the Clintons brought the Rev. Jeremiah Wright to the White House for "spiritual counseling.
Speaker: michael moore
About the speaker: Michael Moore directed the movie "Capitalism: A Love Story" and is a well-known documentary filmmaker. His movies includes "Roger and Me," "Bowling for Columbine," "Fahrenheit 9/11," and "Sicko." He won the Academy Award for best documentary in 2002 with "Bowling for Columbine," and he was a nominee in 2007 for "Sicko." Michael Moore's Web site is www.MichaelMoore.com.
Date: April 21, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: MichaelMoore.com
Fact-check justification: And yes, it came at a time when the Clintons were having marital difficulties regarding Monica Lewinsky. But there were over 100 religious leaders there. And according to the religious leaders who were there, Wright had no significant interaction with the Clintons either that day or later. Moore overstates the relationship by saying that Wright provided the Clinton's "spiritual counseling." We rate his statement .
Statement: The mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are "really gene therapy.
Speaker: joe rogan
About the speaker: Joe Rogan is the host of "The Joe Rogan Experience," a Spotify podcast. He is also a comedian and color commentator for UFC.
Date: August 20, 2021
Topics: public health;pundits;punditfact;coronavirus
Context: a podcast episode
Fact-check justification: Rogan said the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are "really gene therapy." That’s . The two interventions are not the same. Gene therapy involves modifying genes to cure or treat a disease. The COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna use mRNA technology to instruct the cells to recognize a spike protein on the coronavirus and mount a response against it, but they make no changes to the recipient’s genetic makeup or DNA. The mRNA strands never enter the part of the cell that hosts DNA, and they are broken down soon after they are introduced into the body. We rate Rogan’s  . RELATED: Spotify’s Joe Rogan repeats   that ‘they are monitoring SMS texts’ RELATED: ‘Youth is not invincible’: 9 experts dispute Joe Rogan’s vaccine advice for healthy 21-year-olds
Statement: I fought to bring about the largest private-sector infrastructure project in North American history.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: September 6, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a radio address
Fact-check justification: Not by much — but it's less. Palin was right to say she "fought to bring about" the pipeline. But she implies that it's further along than it really is. And she was  — though not egregiously so — to say it would be the largest private-sector infrastructure project in North American history. We judge her  to be .
Statement: Texas is the "fastest growing state" with the "most Fortune 500 companies.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: March 3, 2010
Location: texas
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: But raw numbers don't tell the whole story. Comparative growth is best measured by the rate at which it occurs. By that measure, Wyoming and Utah grew faster than Texas from July 2008 to July 2009. Texas was outpaced by other states during each of the two immediately preceding year-to-year periods as well. We rate Perry's combined claims as .
Statement: Says states with graduated income taxes "create jobs and grow their economies faster" than Illinois.
Speaker: jb pritzker
About the speaker: J.B. Pritzker is Illinois' 43rd governor and a former Chicago venture capitalist and entrepreneur.
Date: May 1, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: economy;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Referring to a graduated income tax, Pritzker said "states with a fair tax create jobs and grow their economies faster than we do." To support that , a Pritzker spokeswoman pointed us to five states — two with large populations and three that border Illinois — that levy their income tax at graduated rates and saw greater economic growth than Illinois over the past five years, according to federal data. But that tiny sample overlooks what else those datasets show: GDP and employment increased at faster rates than Illinois’ in nearly every other flat-tax state as well, along with a number of states that levy no income tax at all. Experts told us a graduated income tax is not likely to solve Illinois’ every economic ill, as Pritzker suggested, nor drive workers and businesses away in droves as critics of his proposal predict. We rate Pritzker’s  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says that under President Barack Obama's health care law, "your insurance" premiums could go up by 200 percent and cost "as much as a new Explorer.
Speaker: fred thompson
About the speaker: Fred Thompson was a U.S. senator from Tennessee from 1994 to 2003. He graduated from Memphis State University and earned a law degree at Vanderbilt University. Thompson practiced law and served a variety of government counsel positions, including as minority counsel for the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities ("Watergate Committee"). In his acting career Thompson has appeared in 18 films, and recently worked as a TV actor, playing a prosecutor on the series Law and Order. Thompson was born in Alabama in 1942. He has been married to Jeri Kehn since 2002, and has four children, two from his first marriage. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 22, 2008.
Date: March 27, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Thompson’s tweet takes a few snippets and spins them into a  tale. By some estimates, premiums for certain Americans could go up by 200 percent -- but only for a very specific type of person, namely young, healthy people who have already bought insurance on the nongroup market and will continue to do so. Meanwhile, the people who could see that big an increase would end up paying $2,200 in premiums after the law, far less than the $30,000 an actual new Explorer costs. Thompson’s tweet illustrates what can happen when eye-catching statistics are cherry-picked and repeated without the proper context. We rate the  .
Statement: Cantor's campaign spent more at steakhouses than Brat spent on his entire campaign.
Speaker: chuck todd
About the speaker: Chuck Todd is a political analyst and reporter for NBC and MSNBC.
Date: June 11, 2014
Topics: campaign finance;punditfact
Context: comments on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Todd said that Cantor spent more at steakhouses than Brat did in his entire campaign. The latest campaign finance reports back that up. Cantor spent $168,000 on steakhouse dinners to Brat’s $123,000 spent in the overall campaign. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Democratic recall opponent Mahlon Mitchell sent a letter "encouraging folks to boycott more than 100 companies.
Speaker: rebecca kleefisch
About the speaker: Rebecca Kleefisch was the lieutenant governor of Wisconsin from 2011-19 under Gov. Scott Walker. She previously worked as a TV anchor and reporter, most recently with WISN-TV in Milwaukee. Kleefisch was defeated August 9, 2022 in her Republican primary bid for Republican nomination for governor.
 
Date: May 13, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;labor;unions;workers
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Kleefisch said Mitchell sent a letter "encouraging folks to boycott more than 100 companies." Mitchell signed boycott letters to two businesses, each of which had more than 100 locations. Eventually, the boycotts targeted more than 100 individual businesses. That was the thrust of Kleefisch’s statement, although she overreached by saying Mitchell sent a letter specifically encouraging a boycott of more than 100 companies. In short, her statement is partially accurate but left out important details -- our definition of .
Statement: Big victory moments ago in the State of Nevada. The all Democrat County Commissioner race, on same ballot as President, just thrown out because of large scale voter discrepancy.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 16, 2020
Location: national
Topics: nevada;elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump claimed, "Big victory moments ago in the State of Nevada. The all Democrat County Commissioner race, on same ballot as President, just thrown out because of large scale voter discrepancy." The Clark County Commission declined to certify the results of one local race where there was a 10-vote difference and more than 10 discrepancies with ballots.  The discrepancies were not "large scale." They were limited to less than one-tenth of a percent of ballots. And the news is not a "big victory" for Trump, since it does not change the results of the presidential election in Clark County, which the commission certified. The race that may go to a special election was not "all Democrat," either. We rate this statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here for more.
Statement: Privatizing Social Security was a bad idea when George W. Bush proposed it. It's a bad idea today. Sen. McCain's campaign went even further ... suggesting ... to cut cost-of-living adjustments or to raise the retirement age.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 18, 2008
Location: national
Topics: social security
Context: Gresham, Ore
Fact-check justification: The proposal has the appeal of generating more immediate revenue for the system, though projections by the Social Security Administration show it would be only a temporary fix. McCain's campaign has derided the Illinois senator for proposing to raise taxes on middle-income Americans to solve the problem. Obama is largely correct in his assessment of some aspects of Bush's Social Security plan. Estimates put its up-front cost in excess of $1-trillion because it would force the government to borrow money in order to pay current and near-retirees the benefits they are guaranteed under law while new personal accounts are established for younger workers. But because Obama equates McCain's currently vague designs for the program with Bush's failed policy proposal, we judge his statement to be .
Statement: Says Kentucky Attorney General Daniel Cameron "married his mentor Mitch McConnell's granddaughter.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 23, 2020
Topics: candidate biography;corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: We rate this  . Update (Sept. 25, 2020) : This post has been updated to also refute claims that Cameron married McConnell's niece. The rating is unchanged.
Statement: Richard Cordray wants to raise your taxes by reversing President Trump's tax reform.
Speaker: mike dewine
About the speaker: Mike DeWine, the Ohio attorney general, won the Republican primary for governor in May 2018 and is running in the general election in November. Previously he was one of Ohio's U.S. senator's, lieutenant governor and a member of the General Assembly.
Date: July 9, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: taxes
Context: a web video
Fact-check justification: DeWine said that "Richard Cordray wants to raise your taxes by reversing President Trump's tax reform." While Cordray has repeatedly bashed the federal tax bill, DeWine ignores that the bill didn’t cut everyone’s taxes, particularly in future years, and that repealing the bill, which could include a replacement, could end up cutting taxes for some families. While Cordray has made it clear that he criticizes the bill for helping the rich, he hasn’t laid out any specific suggestion for changing the federal tax law. Perhaps more importantly, if Cordray wins the governorship, he would not have a vote on federal tax policy. We rate this  .
Statement: Says a Portland school gives Muslim students "their own school provided prayer room, prayer rugs," and lets them "out of class five times a day to pray to Allah.
Speaker: victoria taft
About the speaker: Victoria Taft is a conservative talk show host on KPAM radio.
Date: December 27, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: religion
Context: a website posting
Fact-check justification: We tried to get in touch with Taft one last time to let her address these loose ends. She declined.   "I'll just leave my comments as is," she wrote in an e-mail. Well, given that, we find the  to be not only  but : . Return to OregonLive to comment on Victoria Taft's statement and this Politifact Oregon ruling.
Statement: When it comes to fighting terrorism, "Another thing we know that does not work, based on lots of empirical evidence, is torture.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: March 22, 2016
Location: national
Topics: afghanistan;civil rights;criminal justice;ethics;history;homeland security;human rights;iraq;legal issues;foreign policy;military;public safety;terrorism
Context: a speech at Stanford University
Fact-check justification: Clinton said that when it comes to fighting terrorism, "Another thing we know that does not work, based on lots of empirical , is torture." When it comes to the real goal of getting useful intelligence, the preponderance of the  shows that the details interrogators will get from a detainee can typically be acquired without torture. When torture is used, the "information" extracted is likely to be fiction created by a prisoner who will say anything to get the punishment to stop. All ethical issues aside, the experts say, it doesn't work because it is extremely inefficient and, in many ways, counterproductive. We rate the  .