chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: States have cumulatively cut over $1.8 billion from their mental health services between 2009 and 2011. This is the largest reduction in state mental health services in half a century.
Speaker: marcy kaptur
About the speaker: Marcy Kaptur represents Ohio's Ninth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. She was first elected to the House in 1982. She is the senior-most woman in the 111th Congress.
 
Date: December 19, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;guns
Context: the House of Representatives
Fact-check justification: Her contention that the cuts mark the "largest reduction in state mental health services in half a century," is harder to prove. She based her statement on information in a report produced by an often-cited authority on state mental health funding. While representatives of the group said they believe that statement is accurate, they acknowledged they didn’t have state funding numbers going back 50 years to document that assertion. That’s a point of clarification. On the -O-Meter, her  rates .
Statement: The proposed Keystone XL oil pipeline is a bipartisan proposal.
Speaker: rob cornilles
About the speaker: Rob Cornilles is the president and founder of Game Face Inc. He is a graduate of Brigham Young University.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: environment;bipartisanship;climate change
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Rep. Earl Blumenauer was among 32 House Democrats who sent a letter urging the State Department to reject the route. Schrader is opposed to the expedited process, but not necessarily against — or for — the project.      We don’t think the support of one Democrat or one Republican makes a proposal bipartisan, but it’s clear some Democrats are on board with the project. If we had to picture a bipartisan meter, the needle probably would surpass the halfway mark but fall short of 75 percent. We rule the statement : Requiring clarification that Democrats who are opposed are really opposed.
Statement: Says in Texas "it's legal to shoot someone who's committing a 'public nuisance' under the cover of dark.
Speaker: robert reich
About the speaker: Robert Reich is an economist at the University of California (Berkeley) who served as Labor Secretary under President Bill Clinton. He is a frequent political commentator on ABC's This Week with George Stephanopoulos and MSNBC's Hardball.
Date: June 8, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: legal issues;guns
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Reich said that in Texas, "it's legal to shoot someone who's committing a ‘public nuisance’ under the cover of dark," claiming that a recent acquittal hinged on prostitution, that prostitution was a form of public nuisance, and that therefore it’s legal to shoot people creating a nuisance. Legal experts and a lawyer in the murder trial told us Reich was . The verdict hinged on theft; prostitution is not a "public nuisance" in Texas; and state law doesn’t say deadly force can be used on people creating nuisances. Notably, too, the law includes many other restrictions on deadly force, not just what type of crime is being committed. We rate the statement as .
Statement: Photo shows a shark swimming on a freeway in Houston.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 28, 2017
Location: national
Topics: fake news
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: The PhotoShopped image appeared to have taken the shark from a photo that ran in Africa Geographic in 2005 . Origin of shark in interstate floodwaters: https://t.co/tKD1QECAig The  photo first appeared in 2011 after #Irene struck Puerto Rico. pic.twitter.com/qbCXRDZ39C That picture showed a great white shark swimming behind a kayak, and folks on Reddit noticed the similarities back in 2011 . Don’t believe this fish tale, because it’s a hoax that has been luring people for years. We rate it !
Statement: Says Nancy Pelosi said, "Waiting long hours in the emergency room will allow you to make new friends!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 16, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts quoted Pelosi as saying, "Waiting long hours in the emergency room will allow you to make new friends!" We quickly traced back the claims to a satirical article. Pelosi never actually said this, or anything remotely similar. This  is  and off-base, so we rated it .
Statement: Says Wisconsin Attorney General J.B. Van Hollen "knew about (the Ken Kratz sexting) case for nearly a year and did nothing about it.
Speaker: scott hassett
About the speaker: Scott Hassett, a former secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, is the 2010 Democratic candidate for Wisconsin Attorney General.
Date: September 21, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;crime
Context: an email to supporters
Fact-check justification: They could have reported the text matter to Gov. Jim Doyle, but Van Hollen felt the review panel was in the best position to determine if Kratz committed professional misconduct. Hassett argues Van Hollen could have done more. But his statement was that Van Hollen did nothing. Our verdict: Hassett’s statement is . ( Note: Ken Kratz resigned from his position Oct. 4, 2010)
Statement: You've got a medical report on me that meets the same standard as Mitt Romney and Barack Obama.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 12, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;disability;elections;history;transparency;privacy issues
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "You've got a medical report on me that meets the same standard as Mitt Romney and Barack Obama." If Romney and Obama exemplify a standard, then the information Clinton has provided to the public is on a comparable level. But Clinton's statement implies a standard that doesn’t really exist, according to the experts. And both the quality and quantity of information on presidential candidates has varied widely. Because the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/166c35be-09a0-4fb1-87c0-ec2491afc7ed
Statement: The Wisconsin Retirement System for public employees is "a self-funded pension plan" and "it's the money of the workers' that funds it.
Speaker:  afscme
About the speaker: AFSCME, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, is the largest public employee and health care workers union in the United States.
Date: June 14, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: pensions;state budget;states
Context: a radio appearance
Fact-check justification: Our rating Beil said the Wisconsin Retirement System for public employees is "a self-funded pension plan" and "it’s the money of the workers’ that funds it." There’s an element of  in his statement, in that workers for years made trade-offs in collective bargaining that to some unknown extent paid for the pension contribution their employers agreed to pick up. Even the state’s accounting system continued to show an annual worker contribution. But Beil’s "self-funded" remark leaves the strong misimpression that taxpayers have little or no skin in the game, when, in fact, taxpayers have been the major source of the money in the pension fund. We rate Biel’s  .
Statement: New federal projections estimate that the health care overhaul "will cost $1.76 trillion over 10 years -- well above the $940 billion Democrats originally claimed.
Speaker: tom price
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Price is the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the Trump administration. Previously, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives for the 6th District of Georgia, an area that includes Marietta and Canton.
Date: March 14, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The 2012 report revised it downward to $768 billion. Price’s  that the health care overhaul "will cost $1.76 trillion over 10 years -- well above the $940 billion Democrats originally claimed" uses numbers that are not comparable to make an  assertion. When you do the math correctly, the gross cost projection increased by less than 9 percent. The net cost estimate has actually dropped.    Price’s  is .
Statement: Historic photos are evidence these celebrities were cloned.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 22, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Actor Orlando Bloom and 19th century Romanian artist Nicolae Grigorescu . A 2022 paper in the journal Cell Reports found that doppelgängers share many of the same genes, Smithsonian magazine reported in August. The internet has enabled researchers to identify people with striking physical similarities more easily.   It has also fueled some claims lacking scientific , such as that the aforementioned people were cloned. We rate that .
Statement: Antonio Villaraigosa's "recklessness (as mayor of Los Angeles)  ... left no funding to test 7,000 rape kits, putting public safety at risk.
Speaker: john chiang
About the speaker: John Chiang is California's state treasurer. He is also a Democratic candidate for the 2018 governor's race.
Date: May 12, 2018
Location: california
Topics: crime;public health;public safety;the 2018 california governor's race
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: A TV ad by John Chiang’s campaign for governor attacked former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa for what it calls his "reckless" role in the city’s massive rape kit backlog. It said he "left no funding to test 7,000 rape kits, putting public safety at risk." A Los Angeles city audit from 2008 blamed elected leaders and the Los Angeles Police Department for their lack of attention and resources paid to the problem. The audit notes, however, the problem started well before Villaraigosa took office. Also, it doesn’t single out Villaraigosa and we found no  of any "reckless" acts by the former mayor. Additionally, the ad ignores the fact that the city eliminated the backlog near the end of Villaraigosa’s term in 2011. It gives the  impression that Villaraigosa "left no funding" whatsoever to pay for DNA testing when his tenure ended. That’s simply not the case. We found plenty of information that criticized Villaraigosa and the city for a slow start to addressing the problem. Chiang’s ad, however, distorts the facts and creates a narrative that’s simply not supported. We rated the ad’s  .    –  The statement is not accurate. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says the fertilizer plant that exploded in West, Texas,"had not been inspected by the state of Texas since 2006.
Speaker: jack ohman
About the speaker: Jack Ohman, editorial cartoonist for the Sacramento Bee, previously worked at the Oregonian, the Detroit Free Press and the Columbus Dispatch. His work is syndicated to more than 200 newspapers by Tribune Media Services.
Read more here: http://www.sacbee.com/ohman/#storylink=cpy
Date: April 25, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: economy;crime;public safety;public service
Context: a column on an editorial cartoon
Fact-check justification: Ohman said the fertilizer plant in West was last inspected by the state of Texas in 2006. In fact, one state agency went to the plant less than two weeks before the disaster and multiple times over recent years, while the state’s environmental agency was there in 2007. As significantly, this  leaves misimpressions that the state routinely conducts major inspections of such plants and that federal government has no particular role. Neither conclusion was supported by news stories published before the cartoon came out. We're not taking a position here about the Texas regulatory climate nor are we concluding that agencies should be let off the hook for what happened before the explosion. That said, the statement is not accurate. We rate it as .
Statement: I don't need" the COVID-19 vaccine. "I have natural immunity" that lasts "forever.
Speaker: mike shirkey
About the speaker: As the Michigan Senate majority leader, Mike Shirkey is the state's top elected Republican official. He assumed office in January 2015 and his current term ends January 2023.
Date: August 16, 2021
Location: michigan
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Shirkey claimed that he does not need to get vaccinated because the "natural immunity" from his previous COVID-19 infection lasts "forever." While one study found that those previously infected with COVID-19 may produce antibodies throughout their lives, the study’s lead author still recommended getting vaccinated because there is no conclusive  that natural immunity provides the same level of protection of the vaccines, especially in the face of new variants. Public health experts have found that getting vaccinated strongly enhances the immune response to COVID-19 among those previously infected. We rate Shirkey’s  . PolitiFact reporter Jason Asenso contributed to this piece.
Statement: We're. . . keeping and creating jobs in our state. From American Greetings, to Wendy's, to Diebold, we've gone to their doorsteps to keep jobs right here in Ohio.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: September 12, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: an ad from the Republican Governors Association
Fact-check justification: The numbers backup the statement. Determining how much credit goes to the administration is not always so clear, but the governor can certainly lay  to having kept some jobs here and attracting some new ones. Kasich did not offer a tally for his job creation and retention record, or take credit for all job growth in the state. Rather, he offered up a general statement about efforts in his administration that have yielded some results. On the -O-Meter, his statement rates .
Statement: Narragansett Bay waters are getting warmer -- 4 degrees Fahrenheit warmer in the winter since the 1960s.
Speaker: sheldon whitehouse
About the speaker: Sheldon Whitehouse is a Democratic U.S. Senator from Rhode Island.
Date: April 9, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: environment;climate change;history;science
Context: a Senate speech published on YouTube
Fact-check justification: When Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse said "Narragansett Bay waters are getting warmer -- 4 degrees Fahrenheit warmer in the winter since the 1960s," he was citing a URI study that offered the observation after authors examined temperatures through 2006. The latest data for December, January and February -- the months used in the URI study -- extending through 2010 reveal that the increase since the '60s is less extreme. The closest we saw was a 3-degree rise in the deeper waters off Fox Island. The trend is certainly correct, but Whitehouse is too far off for the -O-Meter to register . It is, to pardon the pun, a matter of degree. Because the temperature rise is a little more than half of what he said, we rate his statement  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: The financial penalties imposed" on gay couples "can cost us more than $300,000 compared with married heterosexual couples over a lifetime.
Speaker: nadine smith
About the speaker: Nadine Smith has been executive director of Equality Florida since its inception in 1997. Equality Florida is a civil rights organization dedicated to securing full equality for Florida’s lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community.
Date: March 27, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: lgbtq
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Nadine Smith, the director of Equality Florida, said, "The financial penalties imposed" on gay couples "can cost us more than $300,000 compared with married heterosexual couples over a lifetime." Smith said "penalties" are "imposed" on same-sex couples. Actually, it's more accurate to say that they don't have access to the same benefits as opposite-sex couples. On the question of numbers, is it possible that for some gay couples, the cost would add up to $300,000 over a lifetime? The key here is that word "can." It is difficult to come up with an average because the taxes, health insurance and expenses vary from couple to couple depending on where they live and other factors. The most extensive analysis we saw from the New York Times calculated a range between about $41,196 and $467,562 in 2009. The $300,000 cited by Smith falls within that range but requires some explanation. We rate this  .
Statement: The cost of a Fourth of July cookout in 2022 increased by 67.2% because of inflation.
Speaker: nikki haley
About the speaker: Nikki Haley announced on Feb. 14, 2023 that she is running for president in the Republican primary. Haley was the governor of South Carolina 2011-2017 and then served as President Donald Trump's ambassador to the UN in 2017 and 2018.
Date: July 4, 2022
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Haley said that this July 4, the cost of six American cookout staples had jumped for a total increase of 67.2% Haley’s attempt to slam Biden over inflation overstated the burden of these items when it added the percentage increases into one large total. Instead, Haley should have calculated the average increase for the six items by adding the percentages together and dividing by six.  Were it not for this error, Haley’s cookout  would have been more accurate: The granular percentage increases in the graphic were either similar to what independent estimates had found or understated them. But the eyeball-catching total missed the mark. We rate this  .
Statement: The CNBC debate was supposed to be three hours, and he "renegotiated it down to two hours.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 28, 2015
Location: national
Topics: debates
Context: the CNBC debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said the CNBC debate was supposed to be three hours, and he "renegotiated it down to two hours." Trump played a role -- but not the sole role -- in negotiating the debate program down to two hours, but the plans were for it to last around two hours and 15 minutes -- not three hours or more. We rate Trump’s statement .
Statement: Sheldon Whitehouse and 18 other senators "voted to censor the internet.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 18, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: criminal justice
Context: blog postings
Fact-check justification: Had the bloggers proclaimed that the vote "could lead to censorship," they'd be offering an opinion and we'd let them off the hook. But they didn't qualify their statements. They made bold allegations that relied on conjecture, not fact, thereby declaring that the bill will immediately censor the Internet. It will not. We find this statement .
Statement: Says that under the Obamacare law, health insurance "premiums have increased by more than 105 percent since" 2013.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: September 22, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: health care
Context: a letter to a constituent
Fact-check justification: Cornyn told a constituent that under the Obamacare law, health insurance "premiums have increased by more than 105 percent since" 2013. This  traces to an admittedly incomplete federal analysis of changes in 39 states that didn’t endeavor to research premium changes in 11 states that run their own insurance exchanges. It’s also worth clarifying that Obamacare policies must cover pre-existing conditions without penalty and they generally provide more benefits than what was required in most states in 2013—surely factors figuring into increased premiums. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: In February alone there were enough illegal immigrants who crossed the border to fill this (Kansas City Chiefs' Arrowhead) stadium.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 11, 2019
Topics: immigration;homeland security;sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Most immigrants now apprehended at the border are from Central America, not Mexico. One final note on the post's use of "illegal immigrants:" Many of the people crossing the border are seeking asylum protection. To apply for asylum, migrants need to be present in the United States. Federal and international laws allow immigrants to apply for asylum whether they arrived here legally or illegally.   With those caveats, we rate the  .
Statement: Earlier this year, [John DePetro] was accused of sexually assaulting a female co-worker.
Speaker: for our daughters ri
About the speaker: "For Our Daughters RI" is a labor union-backed group formed to lobby for the removal of WPRO talk radio host John DePetro.
Date: January 2, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: legal issues;crime;pundits;unions;women
Context: an online petition
Fact-check justification: For Our Daughters RI, in its petition calling for the removal of talk-radio host John DePetro, said, "Earlier this year, he was accused of sexually assaulting a female co-worker." DePetro was accused of sexual harassment in a lawsuit filed in 2012, not 2013. The suit, which has laid dormant according to court records, never alleges sexual assault. Both sexual harassment and sexual assault are serious allegations. But the former is a civil matter and the latter can send you to prison, and relegate an ex-convict to a life of a registered sex offender. We would expect a group devoted to protecting women to know the difference. Yet For Our Daughters RI is standing by its allegation, selectively quoting from a federal definition of sexual assault and neglecting the fact that the definition does not include sexual harassment. We rate its statement  ! (With research by Providence Journal reporter Katie Mulvaney. If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)