chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Shredded Pennsylvania Mail in ballot Applications were discovered in a trailer.
The applications were for @realDonaldTrump.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 7, 2020
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Posters took some cell phone video to  that "Shredded Pennsylvania Mail in ballot Applications were discovered in a trailer. The applications were for @realDonaldTrump." A person in the video claimed this was part of sabotage. In reality, you’re looking at printing waste. We rate this  . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Says Jeanne Shaheen "voted for a measure that would have amounted to a new national energy tax.
Speaker: scott brown
About the speaker: Scott Brown was elected a Republican U.S. senator from Massachusetts in 2010. He lost re-election in 2012 and subsequently became a political commentator for Fox News. In March 2014, Brown announced that he was considering entering the U.S. Senate race in New Hampshire.
Date: June 10, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: energy;voting record;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Brown’s campaign said that Shaheen voted for a measure that would have amounted to a new national energy tax. The campaign cited Shaheen’s support for a 2013 amendment that would have established guidelines for any future carbon tax. They also pointed to Shaheen’s vote against legislation that would have made it harder to pass a carbon tax framework. Shaheen’s campaign told us Shaheen has never supported a carbon tax, and we didn’t find any  to contradict that. One of her major legislative efforts, the Shaheen-Portman bill, focused on energy efficiency. Brown has a point that Shaheen voted for a revenue plan offered by a carbon tax supporter and shrugged off a proposal from a carbon tax opponent. Still, neither of those positions is the same as voting for a new energy tax. We rate this  .
Statement: President Barack Obama supports immigration amnesty.
Speaker: paul broun
About the speaker: U.S. House Rep. Paul Broun, a Republican, is from Athens. He represents Georgia's 10th congressional district.
Date: January 25, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: immigration
Context: a tweet during the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: And so here we have a case where in the middle of the State of the Union address, and in the midst of a years-long debate on a vexing issue, Broun uses a tweet to label Obama’s policy "amnesty." The tweet was unequivocal and without nuance. But the label is debatable and so charged it should come with a lot more explanation.    Broun’s statement is accurate but leaves out important details. It meets PolitiFact’s definition of .
Statement: Says Karen Handel "slashed the Centers for Disease Control's ability to fight diseases, cutting millions in research funding.
Speaker: lucy mcbath
About the speaker: Georgia Democrat Lucy McBath, a gun control advocate, was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2018.
Date: September 28, 2020
Topics: federal budget;public health
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: McBath claimed in an ad that Handel "slashed the Centers for Disease Control's ability to fight diseases, cutting millions in research funding." What Handel voted for was a big stopgap funding measure that kept numerous government agencies funded for six weeks and averted a shutdown. It was not an up-or-down vote on CDC funding, though it did include a reduction in one of the CDC’s funds. We rate the statement .
Statement: In some communities, for $10,000 worth of (PIP) coverage it's $1,500 a year.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: February 25, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: states;transportation
Context: an interview with WTSP
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "In some communities, for $10,000 worth of coverage it’s $1,500 a year." A state report shows that in some instances, drivers pay $1,500 a year -- or even more -- for $10,000 worth of coverage. The report also makes clear that the instances of high premiums are in places where fraud allegations are highest.  Still, those high premiums also depend on individual circumstances. People in Hialeah could pay $1,500 or more for coverage. But people also could pay less. What you pay depends on how many cars you own and what kind of driver you are. It doesn't depend solely on which community you live in.   With that clarification in mind, we rate Scott's statement .
Statement: Takes credit for "reining in" state spending when he was governor.
Speaker: george allen
About the speaker: George Allen was a U.S. senator from 2001-2007. He was governor of Virginia from 1994-1998.
Date: August 22, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: state budget
Context: a campaign biography
Fact-check justification: Sure, Allen’s attempt to pass an historic tax cut in 1995 was thwarted by rival Democrats who controlled the General Assembly that year. Allen could accurately say he fought to curb spending. But Allen says he reined it in. That creates an impression the bottom line shrank or was stunted in growth. We rate the statement .
Statement: Image shows "Florida's anti-woke banned book list.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 21, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: In a now-deleted tweet Aug. 21, an account named "Freesus Patriot," posted the image with the caption: "Florida's Anti-Woke banned book list." The term "anti-woke" is reminiscent of Florida's " Stop W.O.K.E. Act, " which allows the state to regulate how race and gender is addressed in school. Although "Freesus Patriot" later said the list was satirical, some people thought it was authentic.   The list featured 25 popular books, including Harper Lee’s "To Kill a Mockingbird," Alice Walker’s "The Color Purple" and Madeleine L’Engle’s "A Wrinkle in Time. "
Statement: A Milwaukee election employee even acknowledged dropping off just the margin of ballots needed for a Biden win at 3 a.m.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 12, 2021
Location: national
Topics: elections;legal issues;wisconsin
Context: Email statement
Fact-check justification: Finally, in answering the email, Woodall-Vogg did not acknowledge what Trump claimed she has.   No election officials have said they threw the election. Our ruling  Trump claimed that a Milwaukee election official had acknowledged dropping off just the margin of ballots needed for a Biden win at 3 a.m.   Though Woodall-Vogg said she read the email she received from the election consultant as a joke, contrary to the Trump , she did not acknowledge doing what was claimed, nor has any election official acknowledged that they threw the election.   We rate this  .
Statement: The American military has been completely rebuilt under my administration at a cost of $2.5 trillion.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 8, 2020
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: a White House address
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "The American military has been completely rebuilt under my administration at a cost of $2.5 trillion." The military is far from "completely rebuilt." The Trump administration has made some strides in improving the military’s operational readiness, but most weapons and infrastructure are the same as they were before Trump took office. The element of  is in Trump’s $2.5 trillion number, which comes from the total defense budgets for the last four fiscal years.  Still, not all of that money has been spent, and not all of it has gone toward what would be considered a rebuild under any reasonable definition of the phrase. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says his deficit plan "made some adjustments to (Simpson-Bowles), and we're putting it forward before Congress right now, a $4 trillion plan.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 3, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Obama said of his deficit plan that he "made some adjustments to (Simpson-Bowles), and we're putting it forward before Congress right now, a $4 trillion plan." Obama has presented plans that share the general framework with Simpson-Bowles, but Simpson-Bowles’ plan is more bold. And while Obama’s plan still exists, we don’t expect the GOP-led Congress to pursue it. There are a lot of caveats to Obama’s . We rate this  .
Statement: $6 billion water bond program voters passed in 2011 "has yet to be tapped.
Speaker: independent texans
About the speaker: The political action committee's website says it supports ballot measures and candidates, regardless of party, favoring political reform and fiscal reform or issues of oncern to voters in their jurisdiction. The committee was founded in 2001 by director Linda Curtis.
Date: September 3, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: state budget;water
Context: a white paper on Proposition 6
Fact-check justification: Independent Texans said that the $6 billion bond program approved by voters in 2011 "has yet to be tapped." That’s correct, but the water board didn’t expect to tap into it for a year or two. The pace of lending has slowed, partly because of the lack of incentives the group mentions, but the board is still making loans. We rate this statement, which lacks these clarifications, as  .
Statement: Says Sam Houston opposed slavery and as governor said Texas should not leave the union over slavery.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: May 6, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: history;lgbtq
Context: video remarks to the Family Research Council
Fact-check justification: Perry said his long-ago predecessor "was against slavery, and he stood up and very passionately said, you know, ‘Texas does not need to leave the Union over this issue of slavery.’ " Houston’s personal views are unclear; politically, he took actions that were viewed as anti-slavery as well as actions that were pro-slavery. But he did exhort Southerners and his fellow Texans not to secede over slavery -- an unpopular stance he stuck to in hopes of preserving the Union he revered. We rate Perry’s statement as .
Statement: Since Rick Perry became governor, "poverty rates in Texas increased from 15.1% to 17.5% — which is higher than the national average.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: January 15, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: poverty
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: The Democratic group said that since Perry became governor in late 2000, "poverty rates in Texas increased from 15.1% to 17.5% — which is higher than the national average." These figures are supported by U.S. Census Bureau surveys, but they don’t tell the full story. Texas’ poverty rate went down and then up again over Perry’s decade-plus as governor, and the gap between the nation and Texas ultimately narrowed. Finally, it’s unreasonable to lay all blame for a state’s poverty rate on its governor; national economic factors dominate. We rate this , which is partially accurate but misses important context, .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: We spend $18 billion a year on making sure that the federal government has immigrant enforcement agents. That's more than DEA and the ATF and the FBI and all the other enforcement (agencies) combined.
Speaker: luis gutierrez
About the speaker: Luis Gutierrez is a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois.
Date: July 13, 2014
Location: national
Topics: immigration;federal budget;legal issues
Context: an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Gutierrez said, "We spend $18 billion a year on making sure that the federal government has immigrant enforcement agents. That's more than D.E.A. and the A.T.F. and the F.B.I. and all the other enforcement (agencies) combined." He’s correct under an agency classification system developed by the Migration Policy Institute. However, the institute’s calculations exclude the TSA and the Coast Guard. According to the group, these are not criminal-law enforcement agencies, but that seems like a fairly arbitrary distinction to us, and, more importantly, since Gutierrez didn’t make that distinction, we don’t see a good reason to exclude them. Adding in TSA by itself would make Gutierrez . Because different approaches produce different results, we rate the  .
Statement: The Biden administration "halted deportations for all illegal aliens — murderers, rapists, terrorists, MS-13 gang members are not being deported.
Speaker: tom cotton
About the speaker: Tom Cotton, a Republican, was elected to the House of Representatives in 2012 from a district in Arkansas.
Date: February 26, 2021
Topics: immigration;corrections and updates;homeland security;crime;terrorism
Context: a CPAC speech
Fact-check justification: Cotton said, "They have halted deportations for all illegal aliens, murderers, rapists, terrorists, MS-13 gang members are not being deported." Biden’s administration ordered a 100-day deportation pause, but it did not apply to criminals such as murderers, rapists, terrorists or gang members.   We rate Cotton’s  . UPDATE,  Feb. 26, 7:10 p.m.: We updated the story shortly after publication to clarify the response from Cotton's spokesman.  It did not affect the rating.
Statement: Says Cory Gardner "championed an eight-year crusade to outlaw birth control here in Colorado.
Speaker: mark udall
About the speaker: Mark Emery Udall is the senior United States Senator from Colorado and a member of the Democratic Party. From 1999 to 2009, Udall served in the United States House of Representatives, representing Colorado's 2nd congressional district
Date: April 21, 2014
Location: national
Topics: abortion;congress;sexuality
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Udall’s ad said Gardner "championed an eight-year crusade to outlaw birth control here in Colorado." It’s clear Gardner has supported personhood in the past, and it’s hard for him to  ignorance about the measure’s threat to contraception, given the media attention that aspect of the law attracted at the time. Gardner also voted against a bill that would have legally protected birth control. Still, the effort is probably more accurately described as a crusade against abortion than against birth control, and "championed" is also a strong word to describe Gardner’s role, since it implies that he was a leader in the cause. Udall’s ad is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Says most of Austin's biggest parks have recycling though as "many as 293 out of 300" Austin city "parks have no recycling, including almost every neighborhood park.
Speaker: texas campaign for the environment
About the speaker: Texas Campaign for the Environment describes itself as a grassroots group that envisions a Texas free of pollution.
Date: April 26, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: environment;city budget;city government;recreation
Context: a handout
Fact-check justification: TCE’s handout says that most of Austin’s biggest parks have recycling though as "many as 293 out of 300" Austin city "parks have no recycling, including almost every neighborhood park." City figures support this analysis. The city hasn’t funded a parks recycling program. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Charles Francis "vows to slash funding for parks and open space.
Speaker: nancy mcfarlane
About the speaker: Nancy McFarlane is mayor of Raleigh
Date: November 6, 2017
Location: north carolina
Topics: city budget;city government;recreation
Context: on a mailer
Fact-check justification: McFarlane’s mailer says Francis "vows to slash funding for parks and open space." Francis has certainly been critical of the city’s enthusiasm for Dix Park and bike lanes. But, as far as we can tell, he’s made no promises to cut the parks budget. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Bill White "profiteered in the aftermath of Hurricane Rita.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: July 19, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: ethics;infrastructure;transparency
Context: a Perry website
Fact-check justification: Whether White improperly intervened on behalf of BTEC to settle the contract matter is another issue, which isn't the statement we're reviewing. Upshot: White had a prior relationship with BTEC when he played a role in the company’s getting post-hurricane work and he later made what turned out to be a profitable investment in the company. Those decisions might open White to conflict-of-interest criticisms. However, Perry’s characterization of White as a profiteer doesn't bear out. We rate Perry's  .
Statement: The 2020 election is in "recount territory" and "I've seen elections change as a result of" recounts.
Speaker: scott fitzgerald
About the speaker: Scott Fitzgerald is a U.S. Representative, R-Wisconsin, for the state's 5th Congressional District. He took office in 2021. He previously served as the state's Senate Majority Leader. He was first elected as state senator in 1994.
Date: November 8, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;states
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: But he made this comment in the context of a potential recount affecting the presidential race, and no races of that magnitude or vote-gap have flipped in Wisconsin. Nationwide, a total of three statewide races flipped in a recount between 2000 and 2020, but none had margins anywhere near the 20,000 we see in Wisconsin. So races have flipped, but not races like this. We define  as a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. That fits here.
Statement: If the coronavirus gets in your mouth, "drinking water or other liquids will WASH them down through your esophagus and into the stomach. Once there in tummy ... your stomach ACID will kill all the virus.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 6, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an image
Fact-check justification: While staying hydrated by drinking water is important for overall health, it does not prevent coronavirus infection. pic.twitter.com/AWb1wK89Wj As of March 11, the 2019 coronavirus had infected more than 118,000 people in 113 countries. In the United States, there have been 938  confirmed cases and 31  deaths . The Facebook post is . We rate it .
Statement: Says Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's baby doesn't exist.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 4, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The couple also have a son, Archie, born in 2019.   The couple hasn’t yet released a photo of Lilibet , whom they call Lili, to the public. Royals author Christopher Anderson has speculated that they want to shield her from the paparazzi for as long as possible. But that doesn’t mean the baby doesn’t exist, and claims that she isn’t real are unfounded.   We rate this post .
Statement: Barron Trump was born in March 2006 and Melania wasn't a legal citizen until July 2006. So under this executive order, his own son wouldn't be an American citizen.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 1, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says that "under an executive order" by President Trump to revoke birthright citizenship, Trump’s son Barron "wouldn’t be an American citizen." We don’t yet know either the details, scope or effect of the executive order Trump is planning. But we do know that the 14th Amendment guarantees Barron Trump citizenship. And we do know that even if Barron Trump had been born elsewhere, he would be a U.S. citizen because his father is a U.S. citizen who had been physically present in the U.S. for five years prior to Barron’s birth. Scholars suggest that it would take far more than an executive order to undo birthright citizenship. It is likely that any executive order that attempts to do so would encounter legal challenges. As PolitiFact’s own reporter Louis Jacobson wrote on Oct. 30 , "The most that Trump could do is sign such an executive order with the clear expectation that opponents would sue to block its implementation. After that, it would be up to the courts to decide the ultimate outcome." We rate this  .
Statement: There was no panhandling when I left office.
Speaker: bob buckhorn
About the speaker: Bob Buckhorn is making his second run for mayor in Tampa's nonpartisan elections on March 1, 2011. He previously served on the City Council from 1995-2003.
Date: January 4, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: crime;poverty
Context: a radio interview on WFLA-AM 970
Fact-check justification: So Buckhorn clarified his radio interview comment when PolitiFact Florida asked him about it. But that doesn't change his original : "There was no panhandling when I left office." Several sources say that's just not . There were plenty of people asking for spare change on Tampa's streets in 2003, though anecdotal  shows panhandling is up in Tampa now because of the bad economy and the ban in St. Petersburg. We rate Buckhorn's statement as .