chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says "85 percent (of immigrants) don't show up for a scheduled court hearing or call to schedule a court hearing.
Speaker: rob wittman
About the speaker: Rob Wittman, a Republican, represents Virginia's first 1st Congressional District, which stretches from Newport News to some outlying Norther Virginia preincts.
Wittman worked for 20 years at the Virginia Department of Health as an environmental health specialist and as field director for the Division of Shellfish Sanitation.
He served on the Montross Town Council from 1986 to 1996 and on the Westmoreland County Board of Supervisors from 1996 to 2005. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 2005. Two years later, he won a special election to Congress following the death of Rep. Jo Ann Davis, a Republican.
Wittman holds a B.S. in biology from Virginia Tech, a Master's degree in public health from the University of North Carolina and a Ph.D. in public policy and administration from Virginia Commonwealth University.
Date: November 2, 2018
Location: virginia
Topics: immigration
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Wittman said "85 percent" of immigrants in the U.S. don’t show up for their court hearings.  The actual percentage is far lower. DOJ statistics show 28 percent of migrants didn’t keep their court dates in 2017 and 11 percent of asylees didn’t show up. Even a think tank that says DOJ undercounts the no-shows comes nowhere close to the 85 percent figure. Wittman deserves credit for acknowledging his  - the day after we contacted him - on the same radio show that he made the statement. But his original  of 85 percent has been circulating for years and we rate it .
Statement: Community banks … are being destroyed by Dodd-Frank.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: November 11, 2011
Location: national
Topics: financial regulation;new hampshire 2012
Context: remarks at Mandester, N.H. campaign headquarters
Fact-check justification: From the point of view of community banks, Dodd-Frank is imperfect and still unfolding. But it has exempted community banks from many new regulations. That said, the shape of the rules to come will make a big difference in its final impact on them. To say that this industry is being destroyed by Dodd-Frank is untrue and unlikely to be  in the future if regulators continue to respond to the concerns of small banks. We rate Gingrich's statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/1ce81073-8a07-4eda-83a2-70e02ed776fe
Statement: Says Tammy Baldwin was told by a whistleblower about "overmedicated veterans," she made "deadly mistakes" and "three veterans died" at the Tomah VA hospital.
Speaker: americas pac
About the speaker: Americas PAC, an Iowa-based political action committee, is a super PAC, which can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money to advocate for or against political candidates.
Date: April 27, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: drugs;health care;public health;veterans
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: And the third death, though an overdose at the Tomah VA, also occurred before the whistleblower contacted Baldwin (and only one day after she received the inspection report). We rate the statement .    Related fact check: The attack on Baldwin is along the lines of one made against Democrat Russ Feingold , who ran unsuccessfully against Republican U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson in 2016. A super PAC claimed that when Feingold was in the Senate, he received a memo in 2009 that "outlined veteran harm" at the Tomah VA "and nothing was done." Our rating was  , as there was no  Feingold received the memo.
Statement: Says Barack Obama has played over 90 rounds of golf as president.
Speaker: david dewhurst
About the speaker: David Dewhurst, the former state land commissioner, was initially elected lieutenant governor of Texas in 2002. He lost his 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate and lost his bid for re-nomination in 2014.
Date: April 4, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: economy;poverty;recreation
Context: an online video ad
Fact-check justification: " We didn’t immediately hear back from the White House about how often Obama has gone golfing. Separately, CBS News White House reporter Mark Knoller, who tracks each president’s activities, responded to our inquiry by pointing out that he said on Twitter April 2, 2012, that Obama had just played his first round of golf of the year, spending five hours on a course the day before. Knoller told us by email that the round was Obama’s 93rd as president. We rate Dewhurst’s  as .
Statement: There are almost 60,000 North Carolina children on waiting lists to access a school that works best for them.
Speaker: civitas institute
About the speaker: Civitas is a Raleigh-based nonprofit organization that promotes conservative policies
Date: January 28, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: corrections and updates;education
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Civitas Institute said "there are almost 60,000 North Carolina children on waiting lists to access a school that works best for them." This number seems reasonable, but there are some caveats that should have prompted the group to note in its tweet that its figure was an estimate. We rate this statement . Correction: A previous version of this story incorrectly said eligible students did not receive Opportunity Scholarships due to a cap on program funding. But the number of scholarships was actually limited by a separate cap that says no more than 40 percent of the program's funds can be used toward kindergarten and first-grade students. Our ruling remains the same. This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide. To offer ideas for fact checks, email [email protected]
Statement: We have laws on the books where people can walk right up to our ports of entry, say 'I have a credible fear of persecution,' and we bring them in. We don't send them back.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: April 3, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: immigration
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: First, those who make a "credible fear"  are not simply brought into the United States. Rather, there is an extensive review process and, in some cases, asylum cases can take years. Second, statistics show that many have their cases rejected and are sent back -- including nearly 90% of those from Mexico. That said, the scenario Johnson lays out can happen with unaccompanied children who arrive at the border -- for example if they fail to show up for their hearing and disappear into the country instead. For a statement that contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, our rating is .
Statement: Every Florida teacher gets a pay raise.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: April 29, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;education;state budget
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Rick Scott said "every Florida teacher gets a pay raise." Will every Florida teacher get a pay raise? It seems likely, with the influx of money poured into education this year. But Scott can’t decree it, and the budget is written so that it applies to high-performing educators. Plus, some superintendents have said the inclusion of non-instructional personnel will make it harder if not impossible to award every teacher a raise. We rate Scott’s statement .
Statement: A Houston school district analysis found that the (State Board of Education) more than quadrupled the number of historical figures students must learn about.
Speaker: kathy miller
About the speaker: Kathy Miller is president of the Texas Freedom Network, which describes itself as a watchdog group that monitors "far-right issues, organizations, money and leaders."
Date: May 18, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: an op-ed article
Fact-check justification: Unfortunately, the blog had the  numbers, overstating the number of historical figures required to be taught under the proposed standards being considered at the time. That led Miller to overstate the facts in claiming that the State Board of Education "more than quadrupled the number of historical figures students must learn about." Had she relied on the original research, which was linked directly to the Chronicle blog, Miller wouldn't have goofed making her point. The changes made by the state board up to that point meant students were going to have to study a lot more historical figures than they do now -- but it's less than four times as many. We rate Miller's statement .
Statement: The Internal Revenue Service spent $60,000 on a "Star Trek" training video.
Speaker: tom graves
About the speaker: Tom Graves represents Georgia's 9th Congressional District.
Date: March 26, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: federal budget
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: Most news organizations, though, got it right. The congressman’s  is partially accurate. The IRS did spend a lot of taxpayer money on a "Star Trek" video. But Graves’  omits some important context, primarily that the $60,000 is inflated since that price tag covered two questionable videos. Our rating: .
Statement: Says to Hillary Clinton, "You heard what I said about (the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal), and all of a sudden you were against it.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;economy;history;foreign policy;trade
Context: a Presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Trump told Clinton, "You heard what I said about (the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal), and all of a sudden you were against it." There's no  for cause and effect here, and the Trump campaign hasn't provided any. Clinton says her opposition is based solely on the terms of the proposed pact and her announcement to oppose it came two days after the TPP was finalized. Even if political considerations drove her decision, most of the pressure on Clinton was within her own party, particularly from Bernie Sanders, as she saw her support among Democrats slipping. Based on the available , we rate Trump's  as .
Statement: The CEO of Goldman Sachs let his employees know that he'd be just fine with either Bush or Clinton.
Speaker: martin o'malley
About the speaker: Martin O'Malley is the former governor of Maryland who is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He has also served as the mayor of Baltimore.
Date: May 30, 2015
Location: national
Topics: financial regulation
Context: his presidential announcement speech
Fact-check justification: O’Malley said, "The CEO of Goldman Sachs let his employees know that he’d be just fine with either Bush or Clinton." The O’Malley campaign referred us a Politico article that stated a much more ambiguous version of the . The article’s author told us CEO Lloyd Blankfein has never stated this publicly, much less to the company's 34,400 employees. Blankfein has thrown his weight and money behind Clinton publicly, but he hasn't done the same for Bush. Overall, we rate O’Malley’s  .
Statement: So Trump comes to Nashville to oversee damage from the tornado. He flies into the area in a helicopter to get there without further traffic problems in the city. He writes PERSONAL checks to those in need, with his personal accountant in tow.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 17, 2020
Topics: natural disasters 
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A day earlier, Trump also issued a federal disaster declaration for the region , making federal funding available for relief efforts. "We're going to take care of what they need," Trump said during his visit. "We're going to be with them all the way." But there were no reports of Trump writing any checks during the visit, let alone personal ones. Without  to substantiate the , we rate this post .
Statement: A recent study revealed that, across the nation, taxes would have to be increased by an average of $1,300 a year just to support the currently unsustainable public employee pension systems. In Florida, that dollar figure translates to $813 a year.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: July 1, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: retirement;state budget
Context: an e-mail to state employees
Fact-check justification: Scott told them that "a recent study revealed that, across the nation, taxes would have to be increased by an average of $1,300 a year just to support the currently unsustainable public employee pension systems. In Florida, that dollar figure translates to $813 a year." But he left out that investment returns could also offset this need. He also failed to distinguish between states that have long struggled to meet their pension goals, and Florida's comparatively strong performance. We think those are important details, and rate Scott's statement .
Statement: The right to vote in this country has never been intrinsically tied to citizenship.
Speaker: ron hayduk
About the speaker: Ron Hayduk is a professor of political science at Queens College, City University of New York.  He is the author of “Democracy for All: Restoring Immigrant Voting Rights in the United States.”
Date: January 1, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: immigration;elections;history;legal issues;race and ethnicity
Context: a newspaper commentary
Fact-check justification: Professor Ron Hayduk said "the right to vote in this country has never been intrinsically tied to citizenship." We look to the words he used in making that statement. Intrinsic is defined as "of or relating to the essential nature of a thing" and never means, well, never. It’s clear that throughout the history of the United States, citizenship has not always been tied to voting, particularly during the expansion of the West, when non-citizens were allowed to vote. Conversely, at times in our history, citizenship was not tied to voting for those citizens  who were women, Native Americans or African Americans. And in many places, citizens who are also felons are currently denied the But over time, voting rights have increasingly been tied to citizenship. Today, citizenship is a requirement for voting in national and state elections. At the municipal level, only a handful of communities allow non-citizens to vote, and only on local issues. Given this , we find that Hayduk overstated his case by inserting the word "never." Because the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, we rate his   .
Statement: State revenue projections have missed the mark month after month.
Speaker: steve henson
About the speaker: Steve Henson, a Democrat, is the minority leader in the Georgia state Senate. He represents a district located in central DeKalb County.
Date: January 15, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: To sum up, the senator claimed "state revenue projections have missed the mark month after month." Revenue increased less than 5 percent in three of the six months so far this fiscal year. The state, though, doesn’t do monthly revenue projections, and Georgia is on pace to increase its revenue by almost 5 percent from the prior fiscal year. Technically, there’s accuracy in Henson’s statement, but there’s also some important context missing. We rate his statement .
Statement: A 2022 CNN report said, "Russia deploys two nuke bombers in US backyard, Venezuela.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 28, 2022
Topics: foreign policy;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Russia deploys two nuke bombers in US backyard, Venezuela," said one Feb. 28, 2022, Facebook post , which drew nearly 2 million views to the video and was shared more than 15,000 times. A Feb. 28, 2022, Facebook post sharing the outdated CNN clip was widely circulated. The posts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .)   We rate those posts .
Statement: The IRS is going to be "in charge" of "a huge national database" on health care that will include Americans' "personal, intimate, most close-to-the-vest-secrets.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: May 15, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes;privacy issues
Context: an interview on Fox News' "On the Record" with Greta Van Susteren
Fact-check justification: Bachmann said the IRS is going to be "in charge" of "a huge national database" on health care that will include Americans’ "personal, intimate, most close-to-the-vest-secrets." The congresswoman chooses to believe that the IRS and the rest of the government intend to delve ever-further into Americans’ personal lives. We can’t predict what will happen in the future, but as best we can tell now, she has mischaracterized the intent and limitations of the hub. It’s not a "database." The IRS isn’t running it. It won’t include "intimate" health data. And most Americans won’t need to interact with it at all. We rate her comment .
Statement: Say George Soros's money "went straight into the (Women's March) protesters' pockets.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 24, 2017
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;civil rights;women
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Bloggers said many participants in the women’s marches were motivated by money from Soros and his Open Society Foundation. The person whose work lies behind that rejects that  and said she believes "most of the people were motivated by sincere political and ideological beliefs." She never claimed protesters were paid to attend. We rate this  .
Statement: Joe Biden closed schools during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Speaker: lauren boebert
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Lauren Boebert, a Republican of Colorado, was elected to serve Colorado’s Third Congressional District in 2020 after defeating longtime incumbent Scott Tipton in the Republican primary. In 2022, a recount confirmed that Boebert won re-election with about 50.06 percent of the vote, defeating Democrat Adam Frisch.
Date: February 7, 2023
Location: national
Topics: education;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Boebert tweeted about pandemic school closures, "Hey Joe, YOU CLOSED THEM!"  When schools closed nationwide in March 2020, Trump was still president. At that time, closure decisions were largely made by state officials, including governors.  When Biden took office, state and local officials were still in charge of school closure decisions.The CDC offered guidance on school reopenings, but heeding it was up to local or state officials.  Biden's actions may have influenced the length of time that some schools remained closed, but he did not directly close schools.  We rate this statement .  PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. RELATED : Fact-checking Joe Biden's 2023 State of the Union address
Statement: Ted Cruz defended a Chinese company that stole an invention from an American inventor.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: February 2, 2016
Location: new hampshire
Topics: china;corporations;legal issues
Context: Bow, N.H
Fact-check justification: Marco Rubio said "Ted Cruz defended a Chinese company that stole an invention from an American inventor." Cruz’s firm represented a Chinese firm found liable for stealing blueprints. While other lawyers argued the appeal, Cruz’s name appears as one of the lawyers representing the Shandong Linglong Rubber Co. against an American company. Cruz and his firm were not involved with the original case, just the appeal. We rate Rubio’s  .
Statement: From the 'Do As I Say Not As I Do' department: federal employees owe $3.3 billion in back taxes.
Speaker: michael sullivan
About the speaker: Sullivan helms Empower Texans, which says on its website that it exists to create and sustain a system of strong fiscal stewardship within all levels of Texas government, ensuring the greatest amounts of economic and personal liberty, and promoting public policies that provide individuals with the freedom to use their strengths and talents in pursuit of greater opportunities.
Date: May 23, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Sullivan tweeted: "From the ‘Do As I Say Not As I Do’ department: federal employees owe $3.3 billion in back taxes." That dollar total is correct, though this message didn’t acknowledge that the 3-plus percent of delinquent federal employees and retirees compares to nearly 9 percent of taxpayers in general. Basically, fewer federal employees fail to pony up on time. We rate this , which lacks this clarifying information, as .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.