chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Barack Obama was happily photographed holding a T-shirt with revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara's face on it.
Speaker: sid miller
About the speaker: Sid Miller, a former Texas House member, won election as state agriculture commissioner in November 2014.
Date: March 22, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: terrorism
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Texas Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller posted a picture on Facebook showing President Obama holding a T-shirt with Marxist revolutionary figure Che Guevara’s face on it. The photo accompanies a mini-rant from Miller complaining that the president was rubbing elbows with Cuba’s communist leaders instead of flying back to Washington in the wake of the terrorist attacks in Brussels. The pic is a doctored version of a photo from Obama’s 2009 visit to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Center for Excitonics Lab. The T-shirt in the original photo read "And Moses said " followed by equations that govern the flow of fluids, concluding "and the waters parted." Get it? (A lot of nerds weren’t impressed either, questioning why Moses saying the equations out loud would cause the Red Sea to part, a scene more reminiscent of witchcraft than the invisible hand of God.) Any suggestion the president picked up an inappropriate souvenir on his Cuban trip was based on Photoshop, not fact. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Most young Americans right now, they're not covered" by health insurance.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 11, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a Funnyordie.com "Between Two Ferns" interview with Zach Galifianakis
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "Most young Americans right now, they’re not covered" by health insurance. That’s  -- only about a quarter of Americans between 18 and 24 and between 25 and 34 are considered uninsured. We rate his  .
Statement: Obama's tax plan cuts taxes "for 95 percent of all working families.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 17, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Elko, Nev
Fact-check justification: We rate Obama's statement . UPDATE: Since we published this item, the Tax Policy Center researched how Obama's tax proposals would affect workers. They concluded 94.3 percent of workers would receive a tax cut under Obama's plan; read their research here . This item was also updated to include information on Obama's tax credit phase out.
Statement: Del. Danica Roem "supported a controversial bill that would have allowed abortion up until the moment of birth.
Speaker: kelly mcginn
About the speaker: Kelly McGinn is a 2019 Republican candidate for the House of Delegates. She's seeking the 13th District seat in Prince William County held by Democrat Danica Roem.
Roem is a graduate of Georgetown University and the University of Virginia School of Law. She was advisor to former U.S. Sen. Sam Brownback, R-Kan.  
Date: September 20, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: abortion;voting record
Fact-check justification: McGinn says Roem "supported a controversial bill that would have allowed abortion up until the moment of birth." No question, Roem is a strong supporter of abortion rights and is backed by pro-abortion rights interest groups. But she did not have an opportunity to vote on the controversial bill McGinn cites and was not among 21 Democratic co-sponsors of the measure. McGinn offers no  Roem was backed the bill and says it’s safe to assume that she would have voted for it. Roem says she would have opposed it based on feedback from her constituents. There’s plenty for the candidates to debate on abortion. But McGinn doesn’t get to make up a convenient record for her opponent. We rate McGinn’s statement .
Statement: Thanks to President Trump and Republican leadership, the number of people collecting food stamps has declined by more than two million.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: August 1, 2018
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;poverty
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party tweeted, "Thanks to President Trump and Republican leadership, the number of people collecting food stamps has declined by more than two million." That’s actually an undercount -- the number of Americans collecting food stamps has decreased by 3.4 million. But the decline began years before Trump took office, so it’s a stretch to attribute sole credit to Trump or his policies. We rate the statement .
Statement: Study after study have shown that sanctuary cities do not lead to an increase in crime because of the presence of people that are undocumented.
Speaker: javier m. gonzales
About the speaker: Javier M. Gonzales is the mayor of Santa Fe, N.M.
Date: November 16, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: an interview on The Kelly File
Fact-check justification: Gonzales said, "Study after study have shown that sanctuary cities do not lead to an increase in crime because of the presence of people that are undocumented." The data behind Gonzales’ point about sanctuary cities is not conclusive or as extensive as he described. However, a recent study by academic researchers found that sanctuary policies have no effect on crime rates. Other studies have found a reduction in crime as a result of cooperation between immigrant communities and law enforcement. Scholars also say immigrants, including those in the country illegally, are less likely to commit crimes than the native-born population. Gonzales' statement overstates the breadth of research on this topic but is on the right track. We rate the  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/ca7ac643-07ba-4de2-afae-cf0e5e209aef
Statement: Says Joe Biden's campaign told an Iowa library where Jill Biden was holding an event "to remove the American flag as they did not want to say the pledge of allegiance.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 2, 2020
Topics: patriotism
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral post says Joe Biden’s campaign told an Iowa library where Jill Biden was holding an event "to remove the American flag as they did not want to say the pledge of allegiance." It’s  that a flag was removed from the library conference room where Jill Biden held a meet-and-greet. While the mayor says Joe Biden’s campaign staff moved the flag and the campaign says a library staff member moved the flag, it’s clear that it was moved to accommodate the campaign.  But beyond unsourced reports on social media, we found no credible  that the flag was relocated to the hallway because Jill Biden didn’t want to say the pledge of allegiance.  We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Tim Kaine doubled down in his support of devastating defense cuts, saying the 'the deal was the right thing to do.'
Speaker: george allen
About the speaker: George Allen was a U.S. senator from 2001-2007. He was governor of Virginia from 1994-1998.
Date: September 10, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;federal budget;military
Context: a website post
Fact-check justification: Allen said that Kaine, in sticking by his endorsement of the the 2011 debt deal, is "doubling down" in his support of looming defense cuts. There’s no doubt Kaine backed the debt-limit agreement at the time and does not second-guess his support. He said, during a debate this summer, "the deal was the right thing to do." So Kaine cannot divorce himself from the consequences of the deal. The consequences -- $1 trillion in cuts to split evenly between defense and domestic programs was set up as a bitter pill so unpalatable to Republicans and Democrats that it would spur a compromise in slicing the deficit. The cuts were set up as a possibility, not a guarantee. Kaine has consistently said he supported the deal because it was important to raise the debt limit so Washington could continue pay its bills. There’s no record of Kaine calling for the deep defense cuts; to the contrary, he repeatedly said he hoped Congress would strike a compromise to avoid them. That’s the same position that Gov. McDonnell, a Republican, embraced last year and defended this summer. We doubt that Allen would level the same charge against McDonnell that he has against Kaine. That’s because it is possible to have supported the compromise out of a desire to keep Washington solvent and wish no harm to the nation’s defense. So we find Allen’s statement has some accuracy but is lacking in context. We rate it .
Statement: 70% of Americans in poverty are white.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 6, 2019
Topics: poverty;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: And then there’s the quote from Bernie Sanders, which Sanders made in response to a 2016 debate question from CNN’s Don Lemon about "racial blind spots." His answer distinguished white Americans from people of color . So, while there are context clues that suggest this post is meant to give the impression that 70% of people who live in poverty are not people of color, a strict reading of the  leaves enough wiggle room that we can’t discount the fact that demographers sometimes use the word "white" to include those who describe themselves as being Hispanic. Because it depends on whether "white" includes those who are Hispanic or not, we rate the Facebook  that white people account for 70% of Americans living in poverty .
Statement: Says Lucy McBath "is supporting those who attack the police.
Speaker: karen handel
About the speaker: Karen Handel is the former secretary of state of Georgia. She is also the former chair of the Fulton County Board of Commissioners. Handel, a Republican, lost the runoff for the GOP nomination for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: August 24, 2020
Location: georgia
Topics: civil rights;criminal justice
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Handel claimed McBath "is supporting those who attack the police." Handel’s TV ad, which shows McBath participating in a march, attempts to link McBath to a marcher holding a sign that compares police with the KKK. But the march was to protest police misconduct and racism, and the ad itself shows that McBath marched alongside the local police chief. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Beto O'Rourke did his father-in-law's "bidding on the El Paso City Council, pushing a downtown redevelopment scheme to bulldoze a poor Hispanic neighborhood while enriching developers like his father-in-law.
Speaker: club for growth
About the speaker: The Club for Growth is an anti-tax group.
Date: March 10, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Club for Growth’s ad said O’Rourke did his father-in-law’s "bidding on the El Paso City Council, pushing a downtown redevelopment scheme to bulldoze a poor Hispanic neighborhood while enriching developers like his father-in-law." O’Rourke supported a plan backed by his father-in-law that would have redeveloped a predominately hispanic neighborhood in downtown El Paso. The plan was not intended to enrich developers and his father-in-law pledged to donate any potential profits to charity. We rate this  . Editor’s note: This is one of four fact-checks featuring a  made in Club for Growth’s TV ad about Beto O’Rourke. To read the others, click here .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.
Statement: After a federal inquiry corroborated Hillary Clinton on Whitewater, "the next day, there was nothing in the media about it.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: June 14, 2015
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;history
Context: comments on CNN's State of the Union
Fact-check justification: Bill Clinton said that after a federal inquiry substantially cleared Hillary Clinton on the Whitewater scandal, "The next day, there was nothing in the media about it. There was stunning nondisclosure." While the former president might technically be correct — after the Dec. 13 report was sent to Congress, nothing appeared in the papers the following day — there was some amount of press coverage over the following week and a half, including a discussion of why that press coverage was not more amplified, a discussion that Clinton himself acknowledges in his autobiography. Additionally, there had been substantial press coverage of the findings of a preliminary report once the media managed to obtain information from it. We rate Clinton’s statement .
Statement: The right-wing extremists are trying to take this seat so they can push their anti-choice and anti-equality agenda through our State House.
Speaker: brian sims
About the speaker: State Rep., 182nd District
Date: March 12, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: negative campaigning
Context: In a fundraising email to supporters
Fact-check justification: Democratic State Rep. Brian Sims sent a fundraising email to his supporters notifying them of an attack on his seat: "The right-wing extremists are trying to take this seat so they can push their anti-choice and anti-equality agenda through our State House." But no Republicans are running for his seat, and it’s too late for any to enter the race as Republicans. The three Democrats running against him are not "right-wing extremists." The clarification email sent the same day apologized for the word choices but doesn’t undo the statement that had been prepared, written and sent to followers, asking them for a donation.     We rate the statement .
Statement: Military, Trump thwart deep state blackout.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 7, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A planned attack on the country’s power grid would be a huge news story, but no credible media outlets have covered such a story. And looking online we found no other sources to corroborate the allegation. Other "trending posts" featured alongside the story are similarly baseless. Among them: headlines saying that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Rochelle Walensky was hanged, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken was executed, and former Attorney General Jeff Sessions was executed. We rate this post !
Statement: I don't answer hypotheticals.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: April 11, 2010
Location: national
Topics: this week - abc news
Context: an interview on "This Week."
Fact-check justification: So let's focus on those who have attacked us and do everything we can to destroy them." The next day, the Clinton campaign even promoted her response to the hypothetical, saying Clinton "was the candidate who demonstrated that she would know how to respond if the country was attacked." So Clinton has a mixed record on hypothetical questions. She's dodged many, as she did with Tapper, but she's also answered a fair number -- particularly when it suited her political goals. So we rate her statement .
Statement: The FBI said (former national security adviser Michael Flynn) wasn't lying.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 27, 2019
Location: national
Topics: homeland security
Context: an interview on Hannity
Fact-check justification: Trump said of his former national security adviser Michael Flynn, "The FBI said he wasn't lying." Trump is taking FBI agents’ impressions completely out of context. The agents who interviewed Flynn about his contacts with the Russian ambassador before Trump became president said he did not appear to be lying — meaning, he didn’t seem nervous or exhibit the usual traits of deception. That’s quite different from their factual conclusion: Flynn lied to them. Flynn pled guilty to intentionally making  statements and is awaiting sentencing. We rate this .
Statement: The city of Houston now has more debt per capita than California.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: May 3, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: message machine 2010;state budget
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: And where does all this debt noodling leave us? Perry accurately says Houston's debt per capita is more than California's debt per capita, a charge that seemingly packs a punch. However, Perry's  leaves a  impression because Houston's and California's budgets are different beasts. Experts concur, moreover, that it's unheard of to compare a city's debts to the debts of a state. We rate Perry's statement as .
Statement: Washington Post ends fact-checking for Biden for the remainder of his presidency.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 28, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: "Washington Post ends fact-checking for Biden for the remainder of his presidency," reads a Facebook post.  The Washington Post announced that it will no longer update a database of Biden fact-checks but that it will continue to fact-check Biden. Since the announcement, the Washington Post has fact-checked Biden.  We rate this post . ​
Statement: Video shows someone impersonating Joe Biden in a mask.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 26, 2023
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: We’ve checked "mask" claims like this before, which baselessly assert that powerful people are being impersonated by body doubles or people in masks. These claims tend to circulate among QAnon conspiracy theorists.   Biden has been a frequent target of these erroneous claims, but so have former President Donald Trump , former White House Chief Medical Adviser Dr. Anthony Fauci , Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos and U.S. Sen. John Fetterman , D-Pa. Biden is 80 years old, and it is natural to have wrinkles at that age. We rate this  !
Statement: Florida's regulations on the payday lending industry are "stronger than almost any other state.
Speaker: patrick murphy
About the speaker: Patrick Murphy won his first seat in 2012 for the U.S. House of Representatives representing District 18 in Florida. Murphy lost a U.S. Senate race against Marco Rubio in 2016. 
Date: April 6, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: congress;financial regulation;government regulation;poverty
Context: a conference call with reporters
Fact-check justification: Murphy said Florida’s regulations on the payday lending industry are "stronger than almost any other state." Consumer advocates, Pew researchers and the head of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau have several criticisms of Florida’s law, including the high interest rate. Pew, an independent organization, says that Colorado has the best model law in the country. The Center for Responsible Lending points to 14 states -- not including Florida -- that cap interest rates at 36 percent as a better practice. There are ways in which Florida’s payday law is better than some other states, but there is not  that it’s stronger than almost any other state. We rate this  .
Statement: Quotes Winston Churchill as saying, "When Muslims are the minority they are concerned with minority rights, when they are in the majority there are no minority rights.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 19, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "There is no record in the vast written record to attribute this to Winston Churchill," Riley wrote. A search for the quote on the International Churchill Society website also yielded no results. Richard Langworth, senior fellow at the Hillsdale College Churchill Project , included the quote in his running list of "All the ‘Quotes’ Winston Churchill Never Said." Snopes reported that the quote doesn’t seem to have appeared anywhere prior to 2015 — "making it extremely unlikely they originated with a man who passed away in 1965." We rate this  Churchill quote !
Statement: Sen. Josh Hawley told professor, "I will not use your pronouns.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 22, 2023
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Why is that?" Hawley asked. Miller responded that it wasn’t an official Air Force policy. Hawley accepted her answer and the hearing moved on. We rate the  that Hawley told a professor, "I will not use your pronouns" !