chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says "as of November, we were ranked 45th in the nation in terms of job creation, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Speaker: barbara buono
About the speaker:  Barbara Buono is a Democratic state senator representing part of Middlesex County. Buono previously served in the State Assembly from 1994 to 2001.
Date: January 25, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs
Context: a column
Fact-check justification: In a column, Buono claimed that "as of November, we were ranked 45th in the nation in terms of job creation, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics." Her representative sent us data showing that New Jersey ranked 43 for the percentage of jobs created between November 2009 and November 2011. But that still doesn’t support what the senator claimed. When you analyze growth between November 2010 and November 2011, New Jersey is doing better, ranking 32 for a 0.7 percent increase in jobs. Since the 43rd ranking for the two-year period comes close to the ranking in Buono’s column, we rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Tarpon Springs takes its homeless to St. Petersburg.
Speaker: leslie curran
About the speaker: Leslie Ann Curran is chairwoman of the St. Petersburg City Council.
Date: May 13, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: poverty;urban
Context: a city council meeting
Fact-check justification: Four shelters confirmed his records. He takes the majority of the homeless people he finds to shelters, which  aren't in St. Petersburg. What we're assessing is Curran's  that Tarpon Springs takes all of its homeless to St. Petersburg. And we find no  to substantiate her blanket statement. We rate her statement .
Statement: As you know, we apprehended over 144,000 people in a single month. That is a pace, which if it continues for 12 months, would put us on a pace for nearly 2 million apprehensions on the border.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: June 21, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Cruz said, "As you know, we apprehended over 144,000 people in a single month. That is a pace, which if it continues for 12 months, would put us on a pace for nearly 2 million apprehensions on the border." Cruz’s assessment of the number of apprehensions includes figures for people who presented themselves to federal officials at ports of entry who were then "deemed inadmissible." These individuals are turned back and are typically not taken into custody.  The second part of his statement offered an estimate for future apprehensions based on those figures. Changing demographics at the border make it tricky to estimate future flows, but experts agreed that Cruz’s estimate (144,000 x 12) is far from accurate, since it doesn’t take any other variables into account. We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.
Statement: President Obama's own director of national intelligence, Admiral Blair, put it this way: 'High-value information came from interrogations in which those methods were used and provided a deeper understanding of the al-Qaida organization that was attacking this country.'
Speaker: dick cheney
About the speaker: Dick Cheney served as Vice President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 in the administration of George W. Bush.
Date: May 21, 2009
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: a speech at the American Enterprise Institute
Fact-check justification: Cheney also failed to mention that Blair opposes the use of the controversial interrogation techniques, that he thinks the damage they have caused far outweigh the benefits gained and that they "are not essential to our national security." Cheney neglected to give a full account of Blair's comments. But even that additional context does not refute the core point that Cheney attributes to Blair. Even if Blair has misgivings about the techniques, he has still acknowledged the information from them "was valuable in some instances." We find Cheney's statement .
Statement: Make no mistake: The current spike in gas prices is largely the fault of Vladimir Putin.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: March 14, 2022
Topics: gas prices;foreign policy;ukraine;russia
Context: a speech to the National League of Cities
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "Make no : The current spike in gas prices is largely the fault of Vladimir Putin." By current, Biden means very current. The most recent spike in gas prices has stemmed largely from Putin’s invasion of Ukraine.  But gas prices were rising before the Russian troop buildup around Ukraine became front-page news. About two-thirds of the price rise since gas prices’ low point in May 2020 came before the Ukraine buildup became a major international story, an increase that experts say stemmed primarily from the economic recovery following the pandemic. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: Says Aaron Rodgers "is not the highest tax rate payer" in Wisconsin, it's "the single mom getting 24 grand in benefits with two kids who will lose 80 cents on the dollar if she goes and takes a job.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: August 21, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;poverty;welfare;taxes
Context: a town hall
Fact-check justification: In Racine, Ryan drew headlines for criticizing remarks made by President Donald Trump about racial violence nine days earlier in Charlottesville, Va. But a portion of the CNN town hall was spent discussing taxes. More on Ryan, Rodgers and taxes In Context : Scott Walker, Aaron Rodgers and Brett Favre  : Ryan says the U.S. "tax rate on successful small businesses is 44.6 percent," while the business tax rate in Canada is 15 percent.  : Trump in Wisconsin says America’s federal business tax rate is the highest "in the world."
Statement: Indiana State Police offers to hire Chicago officers who REFUSE TO COMPLY with vax mandate.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 21, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "  A day earlier, Indiana Sen. Mike Braun tweeted something similar: "My office stands ready to help connect Chicago police officers to an Indiana police department that is hiring now and doesn’t have a vaccine mandate. "  Fifield’s tweet has since been deleted , but both his and Braun’s drew headlines like one from the Hill that said "Indiana recruiting unvaccinated Chicago officers. "   But that doesn’t support the  that Indiana State Police has offered to hire Chicago officers who refuse to get vaccinated.   We rate this post .
Statement: Black Lives Matter says it stands with Hamas terrorists in Israeli conflict.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 19, 2021
Topics: israel;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: (always have. And always will be). "  In the May 19 edition of the CNN newsletter Reliable Sources, media reporter Oliver Darcy wrote that "Fox stealth-edited the significant error out of its piece, and only attached a weak editor’s note to the article after I reached out for comment on why it hadn’t done so already. "  The editor’s note at the bottom of the story says that "this report’s headline was updated to more closely reflect the Black Lives Matter tweet. "  We rate claims that the group said it stands with "Hamas terrorists" .
Statement: Italy has decided not to treat their elderly for this virus.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 14, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claiming Italy had decided to stop treating elderly COVID-19 patients goes too far. Overwhelmed by the number of cases, the country was relying on guidelines to give priority for some treatments, such as ventilators, to those patients most likely to survive.  We rate the  .
Statement: For the first time in history, most new hires of prime working age are minorities and women.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 22, 2019
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "For the first time in history, most new hires of prime working age are minorities and women." Trump’s re-election campaign said Trump’s  is based on an analysis by the Washington Post. But Trump’s phrasing is off. The Post reported that according to data collected by the government since the 1970s, most new hires of prime working age (25 to 54) were minorities, and minority women were predominantly driving the trend. That isn’t the same as saying minorities and women (of all races and ethnicities) account for most of the new hires of prime working age. Trump’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Says Susan Collins "pushed for policies that benefited her husband's lobbying business.
Speaker: sara gideon
About the speaker: Democrat Sara Gideon has served in Maine’s state House since 2013 and as its speaker since 2016. She is a 2020 candidate for a U.S. Senate seat from Maine.
Date: September 16, 2020
Topics: campaign finance;ethics;taxes
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Gideon claimed Collins "pushed for policies that benefited her husband’s lobbying business." Neither piece of  cited in the ad proves Collins acted to benefit the business directly. Two actions taken by Collins, prior to marrying her husband, were bipartisan and broad. While her future husband’s lobbying firm, Jefferson Consulting Group, could have been affected by the measures, there is no  Collins acted specifically to benefit him. The vote to repeal a withholding tax received broad bipartisan Senate support and resulted in a 95-0 vote. Her push against an Obama initiative involving financial disclosures was on the grounds that such a rule could unduly influence federal contract awards. Neither action was directed specifically at helping her husband’s firm, nor were they even directed at lobbyists, but rather federal contractors generally. We rate the statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here for more.
Statement: Says since Australia passed tough gun laws, "homicides by firearm have declined almost 60 percent.
Speaker: stephen king
About the speaker: Novelist Stephen King has published over 50 books since the early 1970s, starting with horror novel Carrie. He lives in Maine and Florida with his wife, novelist Tabitha King.
Date: January 25, 2013
Location: national
Topics: crime;government regulation;public safety;guns
Context: a Kindle Single essay, 'Guns'
Fact-check justification: King, urging his readers to support an American assault weapons ban, said that since Australia passed tough gun laws, "homicides by firearm have declined almost 60 percent." The raw numbers back him up — but cause and effect are much peskier questions. Scholars we spoke with say the  leans King’s way, but is less than conclusive. That’s an important clarification. We rate King’s  .
Statement: Says a photo shows Bill Clinton and Christine Blasey Ford posing for a camera and smiling together.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 8, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: The sharer notes that the picture "keeps disappearing from my timeline" and encourages others to take their own photos of the image and share it -- which appears to be exactly what happened in the post that, when we reviewed it, had generated nearly 362,000 shares. In reality, the image is a photo of Clinton and Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y. Gillibrand tweeted the picture from her official Twitter account on July 25, 2016 , on the first day of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia. As #DemsInPhilly gather to nominate our next Pres. @HillaryClinton , kicked off #DNCinPHL w/former Pres. @BillClinton pic.twitter.com/nZ1uE18oRp We rate this viral post !
Statement: The Koch brothers have given" Paul Ryan "$500,000 in campaign contributions.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: February 24, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: campaign finance;elections
Context: a campaign appearance
Fact-check justification: Our rating At a campaign rally for one of the candidates running for Ryan’s U.S. House seat, Sanders said "the Koch brothers have given" Ryan "$500,000 in campaign contributions." It wasn’t the two Koch brothers but rather one of the brothers, and his wife, who contributed $495,400. The money was given to a joint fundraising committee controlled by Ryan. But it primarily funds campaigns of other Republicans because, by law, only $10,800 could go to Ryan’s own campaign fund. We rate Sanders’ statement .
Statement: $3 billion over the next five years will be taken out of our public schools and be put into vouchers.
Speaker: nan rich
About the speaker: Nan Rich won a seat on the Broward County Commission in 2016. She served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000-2004 and then was elected to the Florida Senate. She served as leader of the Senate Democratic Caucus 2010-2012 and then was term limited. Rich lost a Democratic primary for governor in 2014.
Date: May 10, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: children;education;poverty
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Rich said that "$3 billion over the next five years will be taken out of our public schools and be put into vouchers." There's not $3 billion in funding that's being removed from a public schools budget and put into a voucher program budget. Instead, Rich was referring to the state’s Tax Credit Scholarship Program, which gives corporations tax credits when they give money to allow poor students to attend private schools. Based on the program’s size, it’s possible that it could fund a voucher program in the ballpark of $3 billion over the next five years. But there’s no guarantee that money would otherwise have gone to public schools. And, private school vouchers tend to cost less than what it costs to educate a child in public schools, which complicates how much money taxpayers would pay if the children in private schools instead went to public schools. That’s even more  now that the state raised the income eligibility requirements this year. We rate this  .
Statement: Says President Trump donated his "second quarter salary to rebuild military cemeteries" and that the media ignored it and every other story of him donating his salary as POTUS.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 13, 2019
Topics: fake news;military;veterans;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Q2: Small Business Administration; Q3: National Institutes of Health; Q4: Department of Homeland Security2019 2019 Q1: U.S. Department of Agriculture; Q2: HHS/Office of the Surgeon General The photo of Trump with the child, by the way, is from Memorial Day in 2017 at Arlington National Cemetery. We rate this post .
Statement: Wisconsin's middle class is the "most diminished" in the United States.
Speaker: peter barca
About the speaker:  
Peter Barca, a Kenosha native and Democrat, has served two stints in the state Assembly. He was first elected in 1984 before resigning after winning a U.S. House seat in 1993. He served one term in Congress, losing re-election to Mark Neumann. Barca served in various governmental and private-sector posts before winning election to the Assembly in 2008. He was elected Minority Leader of the Assembly Democrats in 2011.
 
Date: January 10, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: families;income;jobs
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Thus, while Wisconsin had the biggest decline of middle class households between 2000 and 2013, its performance in recent years shifts the outcome. Our rating Barca said Wisconsin has "the most diminished middle class" in the United States. An analysis by a respected, nonpartisan research organization found the percentage of middle class households in Wisconsin declined the most of any state between 2000 and 2013. But in the latest version of that analysis — comparing the years 2000 and 2015 — middle class households in Wisconsin did not shrink the most of any state. We rate the  .
Statement: Our income, our GDP per capita, is almost 50 percent higher than (it is for) the average European.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: December 28, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: an editorial board meeting with an Iowa newspaper
Fact-check justification: Gross domestic product per capita may not offer the fairest comparison between the U.S. and Europe, mainly because it doesn’t take into account the European trade-off between income and leisure and because it effectively gives heavier weight to a small number of very rich Americans. In addition, there are a number of ways to define "Europe," some of which weaken the accuracy of Romney's statement. Still, as Romney phrased it -- that the United States’ "GDP per capita is almost 50 percent higher than (it is for) the average European" -- his  has merit. It’s actually slightly over 50 percent by that measure. On balance, we rate it .
Statement: 20 million people could lose their current coverage" … "including our senior citizens who are on Medicare.
Speaker: u.s. chamber of commerce
About the speaker: From the chamber's Web site: "The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world's largest business federation representing 3 million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. More than 96% of U.S. Chamber members are small businesses with 100 employees or fewer."
Date: May 9, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2012;tampa bay 10 news
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The ad from the U.S. Chamber makes it sound like 20 million older Americans will lose coverage under the health care law. We found no  that Medicare beneficiaries will lose coverage under the health care law, and the ad’s  points to one cherry-picked statistic that applies to employer-provided insurance, not Medicare. For trying to scare the pants off Florida seniors, we rate the statement ! PolitiFact Florida and 10 News are partnering for the 2012 election season. See a video version of this fact-check here .
Statement: Violent crime is now going down for the first time in a long while.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 13, 2019
Location: national
Topics: crime
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Violent crime is now going down for the first time in a long while." Violent crime has been on a downward trajectory for some time, with an occasional uptick. Official FBI data shows that the violent crime rate went down very slightly — by less than 1 percent — between 2016 and 2017. But that statistic has fallen as recently as 2014, and it has declined in 22 of the past 27 years, with today’s rate half of what it was in 1991. We rate the statement .