chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says President Donald Trump "has given more financial disclosure than anybody else.
Speaker: steve mnuchin
About the speaker: Donald Trump nominated longtime banker and former Goldman Sachs executive Steve Mnuchin to fill the Treasury secretary position in late November and was confirmed in Febuary. 
Date: April 27, 2017
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a April 26 press conference
Fact-check justification: Mnuchin said Trump "has given more financial disclosure than anybody else." Trump released a financial disclosure report that all presidential candidates are required to fill out, but the fact that Trump has not released any tax filings undermines Munchin’s . Experts told us that tax returns would offer valuable details on his tax rate, the types of taxes he paid, and his charitable giving, as well as a better idea of his income-producing assets. When we look at all the types of financial disclosure Trump could provide to the public, the lack of transparency around his tax returns remains a significant omission compared with recent presidents. We rate this  .
Statement: Pick up a product. Look at the barcode. If the first 3 numbers are 690 or 691 or 692, the product was made in China.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 16, 2020
Topics: china;small business
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral image reads, "Pick up a product. Look at the barcode. If the first 3 numbers are 690 or 691 or 692, the product was made in China." The prefix of the number that accompanies a barcode does not indicate what country the product was manufactured in. While GS1 assigns prefixes to companies based on a set of country codes, those companies can manufacture their products anywhere in the world. We rate this image .
Statement: I have always been there with" Donald Trump.
Speaker: leah vukmir
About the speaker: Republican Leah Vukmir was elected to the Wisconsin state Senate in 2010, representing a suburban Milwaukee district. She served in the state Assembly from 2002 to 2008. She lost a bid for the U.S. Senate in 2018.
Date: July 31, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;elections
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: All of our fact checks in the Wisconsin U.S. Senate race . Our rating Vukmir said: "I have always been there with" Trump. Vukmir prominently supported Trump for president in 2016 after he won the Republican nomination. But before that, she supported other GOP contenders for the nomination and was sharply critical of Trump. We rate Vukmir’s statement .
Statement: Health proposal would create a "40% tax on health care benefits of middle-class workers.
Speaker: health care for america now
About the speaker: a health care reform advocacy group
Date: October 15, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Estimates we've looked at suggest that, by 2019, the excise tax would affect as many as 25 percent and as few as 17 percent of all tax filers. The ad says the proposal is a "40% tax on health care benefits of middle-class workers." But that's an overstatement that fails to mention it's an excise tax that would only affect workers with health care benefits above a certain level. Most middle-class workers won't be affected at all. We rate the statement .
Statement: Republicans have no way to communicate" after tech companies cut off Parler.
Speaker: devin nunes
About the speaker: Devin Nunes is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives representing a district in California. He serves as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee.
Date: January 10, 2021
Location: california
Topics: congress;corrections and updates;technology
Context: an interview on Fox
Fact-check justification: Nunes said "Republicans have no way to communicate" after recent actions by tech companies. Trump has been blocked from the major social media networks, and Parler is not available for now. But Nunes is  to say Republicans have no way to communicate.  They can use other social media platforms — if they follow the rules — as well as their websites, email and regular mail. Lawmakers can also grant interviews with local and national reporters from mainstream or conservative media outlets and hold constituent forums in their districts (albeit remotely for now). For now, Nunes has lost what appears to be his preferred method of communication, but he has other options, and so do his Republican peers. We rate this  . RELATED: U.S. Rep. Devin Nunes on PolitiFact’s -O-Meter CORRECTION, Jan. 14, 2021:  This fact-check initially included the  last name for Rusty Roberts. The fact-check has been corrected.
Statement: Says the University of Florida "requests to cancel rivalry game" against Florida State University.
Speaker: react365.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: November 7, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: an Internet post
Fact-check justification: When we saw this story, the counter said the story was from Nov. 7 and had been shared more than 94,000 times, but there’s no way to tell if that’s accurate. We contacted UF ourselves, just to make sure this Thanksgiving weekend tradition really was slated to continue as scheduled. "This is not ," athletic association spokesman Will Pantages confirmed. Feel free to plan your turkey day recovery around the UF-FSU rivalry game, because this is another fumble from a  news generator. !
Statement: I used tax cuts to help create over 80,000 jobs in New Mexico.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: May 10, 2007
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a TV Ad
Fact-check justification: Indeed, much of the job growth in the state began before Richardson became governor, Peach said. Still, Peach said Richardson's tax incentives and income tax cuts have created a favorable atmosphere for business that is a stark change from the state's mentality in the mid-1970s, when state officials refused to provide help to a promising young company named Microsoft. "The climate here has changed considerably since then," Peach said. "Bill Richardson has been a big part of that. He's not the whole story, but he's been a big part of it."
Statement: U.S. Rep. Mayra Flores is "the first Mexican-born member of Congress.
Speaker: lauren boebert
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Lauren Boebert, a Republican of Colorado, was elected to serve Colorado’s Third Congressional District in 2020 after defeating longtime incumbent Scott Tipton in the Republican primary. In 2022, a recount confirmed that Boebert won re-election with about 50.06 percent of the vote, defeating Democrat Adam Frisch.
Date: July 11, 2022
Location: national
Topics: congress;texas
Context: a podcast
Fact-check justification: There are currently 29 foreign-born members of Congress, 10 of whom were born outside the U.S. to American parents or on U.S. military bases out of the country. Boebert claimed that newly elected Flores is "the first Mexican-born member of Congress. "  While Flores is the first Mexican-born congresswoman, throughout history at least seven other members of Congress were born in Mexico. Three of those currently serve beside Flores and Boebert in the House of Representatives. We rate Boebert’s  .
Statement: Says Gov. Tony Evers is "pushing firearm confiscation orders
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 24, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: guns;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Our rating A year-old story now circulating again on Facebook says Evers is "pushing firearm confiscation orders." That was an overreach in 2019, and it’s even more  now. The article was referring to red flag laws, but at the time of this post Evers hadn’t proposed one yet. And more importantly, red flag laws are a far cry from the implication this headline gives of some form of widespread gun confiscation. We rate this  .
Statement: For every dollar in federal taxes my constituents pay, we get a mere 93 cents back.
Speaker: nick lalota
About the speaker: Nick LaLota is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from the 1st congressional district of New York. .He won his first term in November 2022.
Date: March 29, 2023
Location: new york
Topics: federal budget;state budget;states;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: LaLota said, "For every dollar in federal taxes my constituents pay, we get a mere 93 cents back." Something in that range has been the longstanding norm for New York residents, experts agree.  However, during the pandemic, New York’s balance of payments tilted toward the state for the first time. Experts expect this pattern to revert to its traditional ratio after pandemic aid is phased out. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Mark Begich "has taken campaign cash from the Kochs" while Dan Sullivan hasn't.
Speaker: dan sullivan
About the speaker: Dan Sullivan is a Republican senator from Alaska.
Date: April 29, 2014
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Sullivan said Mark Begich "has taken campaign cash from the Kochs" but that Sullivan "hasn’t taken a dime." In 2010, KochPAC donated $5,000 to a Begich-affiliated PAC. But that's a modest amount by campaign-finance standards, and Begich hasn’t received any more in the past four years. While Sullivan hasn’t received money directly from the Kochs, he and Begich’s other Republican challengers certainly benefit from the much larger TV ad buys by Koch-affiliated groups attacking the Democrat. A Koch-funded group, Americans For Prosperity, has spent nearly $1 million in Alaska benefiting Sullivan and other Republicans in the race. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Joe Biden said, "You know, we have to come together. That's why I'm running. I'm running as a proud Democrat for the Senate. So vote! Vote!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 12, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video says Biden said, "You know, we have to come together. That’s why I’m running. I’m running as a proud Democrat for the Senate. So vote! Vote!" The video is deceptively edited and . In context, Biden was talking about running for office as a "proud Democrat" throughout his career. The remarks were confusing because he used the present tense while talking about running for the Senate, but the Facebook video cut him off mid sentence. Biden actually said: "I’m running as a proud Democrat for the Senate, when I had run as a proud Democrat for vice president, and I’m running as a proud Democrat for president. But I promise you this. I will govern as an American president … So vote! Vote!" We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Trump's campaign manager, Paul Manafort, commits bank and tax fraud and gets 47 months. A homeless man, Fate Winslow, helped sell $20 of pot and got life in prison.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: March 7, 2019
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Warren juxtaposed Manafort’s 47-month sentence with the case of Winslow, who was sentenced to life imprisonment for selling $20 worth of marijuana. The basic facts are correct. To clarify, though, it was his three prior convictions, the oldest coming 24 years before, that made Winslow subject to Louisiana’s habitual offender law. We rate this  .
Statement: Democrats "setup" and "manipulated" the political violence in Charlottesville
Speaker: dana rohrabacher
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Dana Rohrabacher, R-Calif., a speechwriter for President Ronald Reagan, was first elected to Congress in 1988.
Date: September 14, 2017
Location: california
Topics: fake news
Context: a news article
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact rated his   . PolitiFact California, after examining the same facts, found California Rep. Dana Rohrabacher, R-Orange County, doubled-down on the same bogus . We rate his  , as well.  –  The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The policy of the Bush administration was also not to add new nuclear capabilities.
Speaker: robert gates
About the speaker: Robert Gates is the U.S. Secretary of Defense. He was first appointed by President George W. Bush in 2006 and was named to remain office by President Barack Obama in 2009.
Date: April 11, 2010
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;military;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Congress then passed the Stockpile Management Plan, which seeks to extend the life of the nuclear arsenal without building wholly new warheads. Gates makes a valid point that the Bush policy in the later years of his presidency -- while it called for the development of new nuclear warheads -- did not call for new nuclear capabilities . That's where Bush's policy ended up. But early on, the Bush administration did call for modifications to existing weapons to create a nuclear "bunker buster" that very much would have added to the United States' nuclear capabilities. And so we rule Gates'  .
Statement: On red-flag laws says, "What (Democrats) wanted to do was say, 'I think you might do something, so I'm going to take away your gun and make you prove you wouldn't do it.
Speaker: robin vos
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Robin Vos, R-Rochester, has represented western Racine County in the state Assembly since 2004. In November 2012, he was elected Assembly speaker. Vos previously served on the Racine County Board of Supervisors, from 1994 to 2004.
Date: November 10, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;legal issues;guns
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Vos said of red-flag laws: "What they wanted to do was say I think you might do something so I’m going to take away your gun and make you prove you wouldn’t do it." The laws in effect now, and the proposal in Wisconsin, would allow guns to be taken away temporarily, until a full court hearing is held. However, Vos is far off when it comes to where the burden of proof falls when a judge is considering a seizure request.   Experts say it would fall on the person seeking the seizure  -- not the gun owner.   We rate this  .
Statement: We are not producing jobs. We created 80,000 jobs last month. We don't talk about the jobs that we lost. The net of it all is that we lost jobs.
Speaker: joseph kyrillos
About the speaker: Joseph Kyrillos, Jr. is a Republican state senator representing part of Monmouth County. The former chairman of the New Jersey Republican State Committee, Kyrillos is running in the November 2012 general election for the U.S. Senate seat currently held by Democrat Robert Menendez.
Date: July 11, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: economy;jobs;taxes
Context: an interview on WNYC’s The Brian Lehrer Show
Fact-check justification: Kyrillos said "we are not producing jobs. We created 80,000 jobs last month. We don't talk about the jobs that we lost. The net of it all is that we lost jobs." The country is producing jobs. To suggest otherwise is . Kyrillos’ campaign manager said the Republican candidate was referring to total job losses dating back to December 2007, the start of the recession, when he said "the net of it all is that we lost jobs." But Kyrillos doesn’t make that distinction during the interview. The nation has sustained monthly job growth since October 2010. And year over year, more than 1.7 million jobs were added. We rate this  . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Most of the (Affordable Care Act) has already in some sense been waived or otherwise suspended.
Speaker: george will
About the speaker: George Will is a conservative columnist syndicated by the Washington Post.
Date: December 22, 2013
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: comments on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: With all the talk about problems with the health care law, it’s easy to forget just how many corners of health insurance policy the law affects. Will seemed guilty of that on Fox News Sunday when he said most of the law has been waived or suspended. Obama has made at least two major course corrections in the law. He delayed the employer mandate by one year and allowed individuals dealing with canceled plans to buy insurance that fails to meet minimum standards under the law. One way to put these changes into context is to look at the number of people they affect. While precise data are missing, the combined impact could be in the range of 1 million Americans. On the other side of the ledger, 3.1 million young adults have gained access to coverage through the law, another 18 million people are subject to the individual mandate and millions more have benefited from requirements that health insurance companies spend premiums on care. We rate the  .
Statement: Gas cost $9 a gallon in California in early March 2022.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 4, 2022
Location: california
Topics: gas prices;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Los Angeles Times reported on March 6 that the average California gas prices are now over $5 a gallon, noting that "a few stations" in Los Angeles County have surpassed $6 a gallon.   We’ve previously reported on photos of gas station signs that appear to be selling gas for nearly $10. But the stations weren’t actually selling gas for that much. It’s common for stations to advertise , high prices on their signs when they’re either closed or out of gas to discourage drivers from stopping.   We rate the March 4  that gas was being sold for $9 in California .
Statement: Says his budget plan "would cut our deficits by $4 trillion.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 6, 2012
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;deficit;federal budget
Context: a speech at the Democratic convention
Fact-check justification:     Obama says his plan will cut deficits by $4 trillion. On its own, Obama’s plan does not produce the full $4 trillion. Both the source cited by the Obama campaign and a separate group, one that puts a premium on deficit reduction, say the president’s plan will shrink the cumulative gap between spending and revenues by well over $2 trillion over ten years. The remainder comes from the 10-year impact of cuts already approved. To the extent that long term predictions hold up, the president’s big number is accurate, but he takes credit for changes that took place outside of his budget proposal. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Lake Erie contains more native fish than all the other Great Lakes combined.
Speaker: marcy kaptur
About the speaker: Marcy Kaptur represents Ohio's Ninth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. She was first elected to the House in 1982. She is the senior-most woman in the 111th Congress.
 
Date: February 29, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: environment;recreation;water
Context: a House of Representatives floor speech
Fact-check justification: There’s no doubt that Kaptur is correct in her overall point that Lake Erie has by far the most productive fishery on the Great Lakes. Her contention that Lake Erie contains more native fish than the other lakes combined is slightly problematic. It’s  that the fishing haul in Lake Erie usually exceeds the combined total of the other lakes. But some fish that are commercial staples in the Great Lakes are not considered "native" because they were introduced from other areas, although their presence isn’t as unwelcome and devastating as invaders like zebra mussels have been, and Asian carp would be. We rate Kaptur’s statement .
Statement: Says a "lawmaker seeks to defund Planned Parenthood for 'cutting children into small pieces.'
Speaker: miscellany blue
About the speaker: Miscellanyblue is a liberal political blog on New Hampshire politics. The site is run by William Tucker, an architect in Portsmouth, NH.
Date: January 15, 2015
Location: new hampshire
Topics: abortion
Context: a web post
Fact-check justification: A headline in the liberal blog Miscellany Blue declared, "Lawmaker seeks to defund Planned Parenthood for ‘cutting children into small pieces.’ " Groen’s proposal doesn’t mention Planned Parenthood, but the effect of the bill would be to strip it, and other similar groups, of state funding. Meanwhile, Groen did make the statement about the group "cutting children into small pieces" four years ago, and he’s made similar declarations recently. We aren’t rating the substance of Groen’s accusations, but the headline summarizing what Groen said and what he’s proposing in the bill are generally accurate, so we rate the  .
Statement: A bag of Cheetos costs less to buy than an apple," and in some Milwaukee neighborhoods "good luck trying to find an apple or a banana or some sort of healthy option
Speaker: mike tate
About the speaker: Mike Tate is chairman of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin. He previously worked for Jim Doyle, the former Wisconsin governor, a public employee union and a voter mobilization organization. 
Date: May 14, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: public health;welfare
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Tate, the Democratic Party official, decried the lack of healthy and affordable food options in some Milwaukee neighborhoods. "A bag of Cheetos costs less to buy than an apple," Tate said, and "good luck trying to find an apple or a banana or some sort of healthy option" at stores there. He’s  right on the price comparison, and is partially accurate in suggesting it’s very difficult to locate fresh fruit. While fresh fruit can be found at big and some small stores, it’s more available in some low-income areas more than others, and getting there, finding it worth eating and paying for it are a challenge for some, according to experts and residents. We rate his  .