chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The president campaigned against this type of legislation.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: February 25, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: The White House has argued that Obama should not be held responsible for the earmarking process in this legislative package — which is nine of the 12 spending bills for the current budget year rolled into one — because it is "last year's business." And there's some  to that. These are bills that Congress was supposed to pass last year. But that doesn't nullify Boehner's point that the bill is — in featuring earmarks added by senior members of Congress in a process that lacked transparency and pushed earmark spending for the year well over $7.8 billion — the "type of legislation" Obama campaigned against. We find Boehner's  to be .
Statement: The Biden administration's American Jobs Plan will be "the biggest non-defense investment in research and development in the history of our country.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: May 5, 2021
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;technology;wisconsin
Context: Statement
Fact-check justification: In a visit to Milwaukee, Harris claimed that the American Jobs Plan would be the largest investment in American research and development the country has ever seen.  While a detailed breakdown of all the spending in the plan has yet to be released, experts say the $180 billion earmarked for American research, development and manufacturing will likely contain far more money for research and development than ever before.  And while a compromise could put the money into a separate bill, that doesn’t negate the size or the  Harris made about it. We rate this  , which means the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information.
Statement: Says India "gained jobs thanks to Romney.
Speaker: priorities usa action
About the speaker: Priorities USA Action is a PAC that is supportive of President Barack Obama.
Date: July 25, 2012
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;economy;message machine 2012
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: Priorities USA Action said that India "gained jobs thanks to Romney." While Romney was governor, Massachusetts had contracts with companies that had customer service call centers in India. That’s not the same as the state directly sending work overseas, but Romney blocked a legislative effort to stop it. And it's reasonable to conclude that India gained some jobs, at least while the Massachusetts arrangement was in effect. At Bain, he was part of a move to invest in CSI, which later merged with another firm to form Stream International, which announced the call centers in India a year after Romney departed to run the Olympics. So yes, India got some jobs from CSI, but Romney's influence was early and ultimately indirect. As for being a pioneer, Romney and Bain joined the bandwagon, but they didn’t lead it. Outsourcing was an established practice by private equity firms to cut costs at companies they invested in.  They were more like disciples than pioneers. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: Lee Zeldin "voted for Cuomo's Billion Dollar Tax hike and every Cuomo budget.
Speaker: harry wilson
About the speaker: Harry Wilson is a businessman who is running for governor and lives in Westchester County, New York. 
Date: May 6, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: taxes
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Wilson claims Zeldin "voted for Cuomo’s Billion Dollar Tax hike and every Cuomo budget."  While in the state Senate, Zeldin did vote for a final version of every budget that Cuomo proposed. But calling it "Cuomo’s budget" erases the role the state Legislature played in negotiating and making changes to Cuomo’s proposals.  The changes to the tax rates were intended to bring in more revenue, though many in the state experienced a tax cut. The highest earners paid a lower rate than they had been paying, but more than they would have paid if the rate had been allowed to expire.  The  is partially accurate because the tax revenue was projected to increase, but it leaves out important details and takes some things out of context, so we rate it .
Statement: Says potential GOP U.S. Senate candidate Tommy Thompson supported "Obamacare
Speaker: club for growth
About the speaker: The Club for Growth is an anti-tax group.
Date: August 23, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: bipartisanship;health care;public health
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Two months later, he said the bill wasn’t "the final answer," but that keeping the status quo was "simply unacceptable."    Thompson never came out clearly for or against what became law, despite the fact that he now says he supports repealing it. He made it possible for Club for Growth to  he supported Obamacare and for himself to deny he supported it. There is  to support both positions. We rate Club for Growth’s statement .
Statement: Peter DeFazio "will sneak in a 1 percent tax on all banking transactions.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: September 30, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: taxes
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: He gets backup from Fattah, whose press secretary sent PolitiFact Oregon a statement: "There have been many  and flat- assertions about my bill, H.R. 4646, the Debt Free America Act . Congressman Peter DeFazio is not a cosponsor of H.R. 4646 and it is completely  to say he is a proponent of the Debt Free America Act. The statement is not accurate -- and makes a  . We rate this .   Comment on this item.
Statement: As part of efforts to rein in protesters, Republicans in Wisconsin have "bolted windows inside the Capitol shut.
Speaker: democratic party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Democratic Party of Wisconsin focuses on advancing state Democratic candidates and related issues.
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: It also makes sense that as Capitol Police and facilities staff took stock of the building after weeks of protests they found some windows unsecured. So they fixed them. We’ll let the historic preservation folks pass judgment on the appeal of the quick-and-dirty No. 8 bolt repair. But we’ve got this to say about the Democratic Party’s : . And while we’re at it:  for the welding  as well.
Statement: Says Brett Kavanaugh "has said the president shouldn't be investigated.
Speaker: charles schumer
About the speaker: Charles Schumer is a Democratic senator from New York and the Senate majority leader.
Date: July 10, 2018
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;supreme court
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Schumer said that Kavanaugh "has said the president shouldn't be investigated." Schumer is plucking one part of what Kavanaugh wrote in a 2009 Minnesota law review paper without recapping his comments in full. Kavanaugh wrote that civil suits and criminal investigations take away from a president’s focus on his or her work responsibilities. He didn’t call for the court to take away the power to investigate the president; he said that Congress could consider writing a law to exempt the president. As for Schumer’s concern for the Mueller investigation, experts said there is unanimous Supreme Court precedent that the president is not immune from subpoenas, and Kavanaugh has not indicated so far that he would change that. We rate this  .
Statement: North Dakota's economy is reeling.
Speaker: crossroads gps
About the speaker: Crossroads GPS is a conservative advocacy group founded by prominent Republicans, including former White House political adviser Karl Rove.
Date: October 25, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;message machine 2010;states
Context: a campaign commerical
Fact-check justification: We think most Americans would be happier with that kind of economy than the one in their own state. Judging by the ads on Crossroads GPS' website, we think the Pomeroy camp's charge that the ad is "cookie cutter" is accurate. At the very least, Crossroads was careless in the degree to which it adapted its ads to each state's specific context. In these sorts of economic times, it verges on the  to say that North Dakota's economy is "reeling." We rate the ad !
Statement: The U.S. has now spent more on reconstructing Afghanistan than was spent on the Marshall Plan and the reconstruction of Europe.
Speaker: matt wuerker
About the speaker: Matt Wuerker is Politico's editorial cartoonist. In 2012, he won the Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartooning.
Date: August 4, 2015
Topics: afghanistan;punditfact
Context: a political cartoon on Politico
Fact-check justification: Wuerker said that the United States has spent more for Afghanistan reconstruction than it did to rebuild Europe under the Marshall Plan. While the math behind the  adds up, it's important to know that the reconstruction programs are not identical. The Marshall Plan spent no funds on military projects, while about 60 percent of Afghanistan aid was spent on security. The Marshall Plan was entirely focused on economic investments, while the spending in Afghanistan has been weighted much more toward establishing a secure space in which economic growth can occur. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Says George Soros was arrested in Philadelphia for election interference.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 23, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Articles circulating on social media  that George Soros was indicted and arrested in Philadelphia for "election interference." This is bogus. The story includes no sources and uses a forged indictment as its sole  of the . This is full-on ! This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here for more.
Statement: Says Kobe Bryant's eldest daughter, Natalia, left a suicide video after being bullied.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 20, 2020
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: If you click on the video, a clip of a news anchor begins, with the "RIP Natalia Bryant" photo appearing in the corner. The anchor says "the shock is still raw for fans" before cutting out and showing a graphic content warning label. Clicking on the label opens a new window prompting you to share the post on Facebook. Many have done so, helping to spread the reach of the hoax. We rate this abhorrent  !
Statement: Gov. Andrew Cuomo "was simply saying if we can share 20 percent of your excess, your non-used ventilators, to help people in other parts of the state on a voluntary basis, that would be great. Of course, there was a reaction to that, which was not positive.
Speaker: kathy hochul
About the speaker: Kathy Hochul, a Democrat, is the governor of New York state. She is a former member of Congress.
Date: April 8, 2020
Location: new york
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Hochul said Cuomo was simply saying that hospitals could share 20 percent of their unused ventilators on a voluntary basis.  That’s not how hospital executives and other elected officials heard Cuomo describe his initial plan, thus explaining the immediate backlash. And those who listened to the governor’s televised briefing heard him say this: "So am I willing to deploy the National Guard and inconvenience people for several hundred lives? You’re damn right I am."  Parsing that quote to find any semblance of "voluntary" is beyond challenging. Cuomo said the state would move hospital equipment from one part of the state to harder-hit areas that desperately needed them because of the Covid-19 outbreak.  When the plan changed, after significant backlash, hospitals and others praised the administration for acting collaboratively.  Hochul misled viewers about what happened.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says Texas gained 21,000 doctors due to tort reform.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: August 17, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care;legal issues;new hampshire 2012
Context: Bedford, N.H
Fact-check justification: There is no question that tort reform drove down medical malpractice insurance premiums and reduced the number of malpractice suits.  And there is no question that most health care providers like the change and say it’s a factor that leads them to practice in the state.  But the wholesale transformation that Perry describes is not backed up by the numbers. Perry said Texas has 21,000 more doctors thanks to tort reform.  That’s flat out .  Texas has only about 13,000 more doctors in the state and the historic trends suggest that population growth was the driving factor.  We rate his statement .
Statement: Action by the Milwaukee County Board will "provide the County Executive with the same level of security as the Governor and the Mayor of Milwaukee while saving taxpayers $300,000.
Speaker: david cullen
About the speaker: David Cullen was elected to the Milwaukee County Board of Supervisors on April 3, 2012, representing the 15th District. He serves as Co-Chair of the Finance, Personnel & Audit Committee, and as a member of the Intergovernmental Relations Committee.
Cullen is a graduate of John Marshall High School, has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Secondary Education from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a Juris Doctorate Degree from Marquette University.
Cullen represented the 13th District in the Wisconsin State Assembly beginning in 1990.  He also served on the Milwaukee School Board from 1983-1990, including service as Board President from 1987-1990.
Date: January 1, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: county budget;county government;criminal justice;homeland security;crime
Context: a constituent newsletter
Fact-check justification: It actually costs taxpayers more money. Abele’s personal security would fall far short of the governor’s and also appears to be less intense than that accorded to Mayor Tom Barrett. Cullen now says he meant only that Abele would have law enforcement security as do those two officials. But his newsletter said "same level." For these reasons, we rate his statement .
Statement: States with the most gun laws tend to have the fewest gun deaths.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 1, 2015
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;guns
Context: Oregon
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "States with the most gun laws tend to have the fewest gun deaths." Research shows that the more gun laws a state has, the fewer gun deaths there are. Obama gets some wiggle room because he said "tend to" as opposed to making a definitive statement. The problem is, however, that this is an overly general statement. The research doesn’t prove a universal cause-and-effect relationship between gun laws and fewer gun deaths; it might just be a correlation. Some laws are more effective than others, and other cultural, demographic or socioeconomic factors might be the driving force behind the number of gun deaths in different states. We rate Obama’s  . Correction:  This article has been updated to correct the spelling of James Agresti, to clarify his views and to provide links to his original commentaries.
Statement: Says he "led the fight to expand Medicaid.
Speaker: chris jones
About the speaker: Del. Chris Jones, R-Suffolk, is chairman of the budget-writing Appropriations Committee in Virginia's House of Delegates.
Jones was first elected to the House 1997. He had previously served on Suffolk's city council and was mayor of the city from 1992-1996.
Jones is a pharmacist. 
 
Date: August 20, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: medicaid
Context: TV ad
Fact-check justification: Jones credibly says he never shut the door on expansion and helped bring Medicaid efficiencies that made the expansion palatable to other Republicans. But it also can be said that Jones helped deny health insurance to 400,000 Virginians for four years. Twenty-nine states expanded their coverage before Virginia. Jones’ ad  addresses half of a complicated story. So we rate it .
Statement: Seventy four thousand... That's how many mail-in ballots were recently found in Arizona that have NO clear record of being sent in.
Speaker: texas gop
About the speaker: The Texas GOP is the Republican political party of Texas and is the state affiliate of the U.S. Republican Party.
Date: July 20, 2021
Location: texas
Context: a fundraiser
Fact-check justification: Each of the 182 cases were referred to investigators and so far four cases have led to charges. President Joe Biden won the state by about 10,000 votes during the general election. Our ruling  In a political fundraising mailer, the Texas GOP perpetuated a voting fraud  based on a partisan Arizona election audit, saying that 74,000 mail-in ballots were recently found in Arizona without a record of ever being sent.    The , which has been repeated by Trump and others, has been roundly debunked, both by past and present Maricopa County election officials. For that reason, we rate this  .
Statement: The son-in-law of the president met with Russian officials at the Trump Tower after having them come in the back door.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: March 3, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;ethics;legal issues;foreign policy
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Pocan’s office also cited a news article in The Telegraph, a British newspaper, that said the Russian diplomat "reportedly" entered Trump Tower for the meeting by a back entrance. We found a few claims and assumptions that the ambassador entered the building by a rear entrance, but no definitive reports that that was the case. Our rating Pocan said Kushner "met with Russian officials at the Trump Tower after having them come in the back door." It’s been confirmed that Kushner and Flynn met with the Russian ambassador in December 2016 at Trump Tower, but not confirmed that the ambassador entered through a back door of the tower. We rate the statement .
Statement: Today, you can't rely on (the retirement fund for public employees), it's not funded.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: March 6, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: retirement;state budget;workers
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: The  is, it's one of the better funded pension plans in the country. If all public employees retired tomorrow, they still get 87.5 percent of what they were owed. We rate his statement . PolitiFact Florida is partnering with 10 News for the 2012 election season. See the video version of this fact-check here .
Statement: Says Julia Roberts told Celine Dion, "If you hate Trump you can go in your country.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 14, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a post on the Internet
Fact-check justification: It just repeats the faked Roberts’ quote from the headline and ends with a question: "Do you stand with Julie?" After the question, the story contradicts Roberts’ quote by including a YouTube video at the bottom of the article that shows Roberts speaking in support of Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton at a rally in 2016. We’ve actually seen this fabricated quote before. In January, we debunked a  that said Sandra Bullock told Hillary Clinton the same thing. This headline is pure click-bait clutter, so we rate it !
Statement: The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee has "2.8 students per faculty" member, "tied for second-lowest in its history since 1994.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: May 10, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;labor;state budget;unions
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The statement cited the same 2.8 statistic as it applied to Green Bay -- but added a line to make clear that the ratio referred only to individualized instruction. Our rating Charging that the ratio of students to faculty at UW-Milwaukee is shrinking, Walker said the school has "2.8 students per faculty" member, "tied for second-lowest in its history since 1994." But Walker cited the  statistic. In fact, UW-Milwaukee has 29 students for every professor, associate professor and assistant professor -- and that ratio has been growing, not shrinking, since 1994. For a statement that is  and , our rating is .   https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/9b0f3e97-bf70-4e81-9fcb-0e2efdd28a55
Statement: Says a series of photos show Iranian rockets being launched toward U.S. air bases in Iraq.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 7, 2020
Topics: iran;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Its source is the AFP. Below is footage that Iran has released from its Jan. 7 strike in Iraq. There were no reported casualties. The Facebook posts are . We rate them .