chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says the Democratic Party "took Social Security from the independent 'Trust Fund' and put it into the general fund so that Congress could spend it" and "eliminated the income tax deduction for Social Security (FICA) withholding.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 13, 2018
Topics: social security;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A frequently circulated Facebook post says the Democratic Party "took Social Security from the independent ‘Trust Fund’ and put it into the general fund so that Congress could spend it" and "eliminated the income tax deduction for Social Security (FICA) withholding." Both parts of the  are so common that the Social Security Administration rebuts them on its website. The Social Security Trust Fund has never been put into the general fund of the government and there was never any tax deduction. We rate the statement .
Statement: Here are the stats: Per population, we kill each other with guns at a rate 297x more than Japan, 49x more than France, 33x more than Israel.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 20, 2015
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime;guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Obama tweeted, "Here are the stats: Per population, we kill each other with guns at a rate 297x more than Japan, 49x more than France, 33x more than Israel." It’s always worth being cautious of international comparisons of crime statistics, given technical limitations with the data. But even if some data sources produce different numbers than the ones Obama cited, the general pattern is the same -- the United States has firearm homicide rates many times higher than those in the three countries mentioned. We rate the  .
Statement: In the case of a catastrophic event, the Atlanta-area offices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will self-destruct.
Speaker: the walking dead
About the speaker: AMC's hit series "The Walking Dead" is by far the most popular TV show filmed in Atlanta. It debuted fall 2010.
 
Date: December 5, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: health care;pop culture
Context: the TV show's season finale
Fact-check justification: We are pleased to reassure the CDC's neighbors that they do not need to install flame-proof siding. The CDC said none of its emergency plans involve blowing up its campus. Plus, the AJC reported two cases in which the CDC emergency generator failures did not coincide with subnuclear explosions.   We rule "The Walking Dead"  . And by the way, we can't wait for Season 2.
Statement: When Pakistan erupted in crisis, I spoke to Musharraf before Bush did.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: December 12, 2007
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: At a press availability that day at Mount Vernon, Bush's remarks were very similar to Biden's the day before. "My message was that we believe strongly in elections, and that you ought to have elections soon, and you need to take off your uniform," Bush said. "You can't be the president and the head of the military at the same time. So I had a very frank discussion with him." It's not clear why Bush didn't speak with Musharraf until after Biden, but the records indicate that Biden's  is .
Statement: Fox 'News' just announced that they will not air Mueller's testimony about his report, which they claim 'exonerates' Trump.
Speaker: occupy democrats
About the speaker: Occupy Democrats, founded in 2012, is an advocacy group created to counterbalance the Republican tea party, and to "give President Obama and other progressive Democrats a Congress that will work with them to grow the economy, create jobs, promote fairness and fight inequality, and get money out of politics!"
Date: July 22, 2019
Topics: congress;corrections and updates;fake news;punditfact
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A meme from Occupy Democrats said, "Fox ‘News’ just announced that they will not air Mueller’s testimony about his report." Fox News announced its plan for airing the testimony live in a July 22 press release. We rate this statement . Clarification:  This fact-check has been updated to clarify that Rick Wilson and Donna Edwards are MSNBC on-air guests, not MSNBC contributors.​
Statement: Charlie Crist "bizarrely vetoed" $9.7 million for a teaching hospital at the University of Florida "despite having previously argued the budget request had merit.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: June 2, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care;state budget
Context: comments on his campaign website
Fact-check justification: The Shands Teaching Hospital line item falls into this last category and is the only Teaching Hospital in the state receiving a distinct general revenue recurring line item in the General Appropriations Act. While it is  that this item was contained in previous Governor's Recommended Budgets, the current economy and outlook for the near future dictated a thorough review of all projects." It's clear that Crist vetoed $9.7 million for Shands, though it had previously been in his budget. His campaign argues that Florida's weak economy led to the veto decision. We rate Rubio's  as .
Statement: Roy Barnes is like Barack Obama because they're both doing a lot of apologizing.
Speaker: republican governors association
About the speaker: the gubernatorial campaign arm of the Republican Party.
Date: August 17, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: message machine 2010
Context: a TV commercial
Fact-check justification: He spent much of his next campaign apologizing and reclaimed his seat. So the RGA's analogy has some  to it. Barnes is apologizing for his first term, and he's proud of it. But that doesn't make him like Obama, since the president has not apologized for America's actions. We give the RGA's statement a .
Statement: Says Socrates said, "When the debate is lost, slander becomes the tool of the losers.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 25, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: However, there's no  of him saying any version of the viral image quote. Plato’s and Aristotle’s versions of Socrates were not interested in debates as something that could be won or lost, at least not by an individual, according to Christopher Rowe, Durham University classics and ancient history professor emeritus. In Socrates’ view, only  could defeat anyone. Middle school essayists love to start with a good philosophical quote or a dictionary definition, but this supposed Socratic saying originates from the internet, not from a textbook. We rate this  !
Statement: Face masks may raise risk of stillbirths, testicular dysfunction and cognitive decline, study warns.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 24, 2023
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts shared a British tabloid headline about a "study" that suggested serious health problems from wearing masks to prevent COVID-19 infection. The study reviewed other studies and cited no firm  linking mask wearing to stillbirths and other health risks. Health experts disputed the article’s warnings, saying the article relied partly on irrelevant animal studies and overstated how much carbon dioxide is breathed while mask wearing.  The  has an element of  in that the article issued a warning about mask wearing. But it leaves a  impression about the article’s findings and how they should be weighed against other  that shows sustained mask usage is safe. We rate the  . RELATED: Masks for COVID-19 are effective, as a six-part Facebook takedown fails RELATED: Medical Hypotheses journal article lacks  that masks cause ill effects RELATED: No  that masks cause dangerous carbon dioxide buildup for children RELATED: Another air quality monitor demonstration fails to show masks reduce oxygen RELATED: Science shows mask-wearing is largely safe for children
Statement: We have 50 state lobbyists that just lobby the Legislature for money every year.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: August 26, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: an interview with MSNBC's Chuck Todd
Fact-check justification: In a national television interview, Republican gubernatorial candidate Rick Scott said that Florida has "50 state lobbyists that just lobby the Legislature for money every year." There are more than 200 state employees registered as lobbyists in Tallahassee to advocate either for policy or money. And there are at least 50 of them whose primary job is work with the Legislature. But they do more than lobby just for money as Scott suggested. We rate his statement .
Statement: Facebook tried to "shut down" the campaign to recall California Gov. Gavin Newsom.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 28, 2021
Location: california
Topics: elections
Context: a blog
Fact-check justification: Facebook stopped accepting political ads regardless of party last fall to slow  information on its platform, though it made an exception by allowing ads to run in the U.S. Senate runoffs in Georgia before resuming the ban. It did not single out the recall campaign, which maintains a strong presence on Facebook and has gained momentum in recent months.   The blog misleads with the headline, "Facebook Says No More Ads for Movement To Recall Gavin Newsom." The subheadline goes further with the unsubstantiated and outlandish allegation that Facebook tried to "shut down" the recall campaign altogether.   We rate that  .   – The statement is not accurate.
Statement: Says a Ted Cruz ad has "got me bull-dozing down a house. I never bulldozed it down. It's false advertising.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 24, 2016
Location: national
Topics: housing
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Trump says Cruz's ad has "got me bull-dozing down a house. I never bulldozed it down. It's  advertising." If you read the ad as Trump does, he is right: The woman’s home was never destroyed as a result of eminent domain. He never got rich off of this deal because the case for eminent domain didn’t pan out. But that reading ignores another interpretation of Cruz’s point: Trump certainly tried to take over the property before the state Superior Court stepped in and ruled in the woman’s favor. Trump didn’t mention the years-long legal battle on Meet the Press . For glossing over some important context, we rate his  .
Statement: Photos show "Ukrainian farmers are slowly starting to build their own army.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 16, 2022
Topics: agriculture;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The central image in the collage depicted an aircraft hitched to a tractor.   It was taken during a celebration of Croatia’s military in 2011 and ran with a story published by 24sata.hr , a Croatian news outlet.   Only one of the images included in the compilation could not be verified. Still, none of them accurately reflect the enduring conflict in Ukraine or point to farmers in the country "slowly starting to build their own army." We rate this  .
Statement: African Americans are three to four times more likely to be arrested for drug crimes, and nine times more likely to be imprisoned.
Speaker: sheila bynum-coleman
About the speaker: Sheila Bynum-Coleman, a Democrat, is a 2019 candidate for the Virginia House of Delegates' 66th District seat. She is running against Speaker Kirk Cox, a Republican first elected to the House in 1990. She is a real estate agent and small business owner.
Bynum-Coleman is the mother of five and a graduate of the L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs at Virginia Commonwealth University.
 
 
Date: July 26, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: criminal justice;drugs;crime
Context: a website post
Fact-check justification: Bynum-Coleman says, "African Americans are three to four times more likely to be arrested for drug crimes, and nine times more likely to be imprisoned." She hasn’t provided sources for the statement. She’s on the mark in saying blacks are three to four times more likely to be arrested for drug offenses.That matches findings in a 2014 study by the National Research Council that hasn’t been updated. Clearly, there’s a huge imbalance in black and white imprisonment rates for drug offenses, but not as big the nine times greater for blacks claimed by Bynum-Coleman. Our research shows it was 6.45 times greater in 2016 - the latest year necessary statistics are available. In Virginia, it was 6.1 times higher for blacks at the start of 2019. Overall, we rate her  .
Statement: U.S. comedian Kevin Hart in critical condition after gory car crash.
Speaker: nydailynews-tv.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: September 18, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: NYDailyNews-TV.com, meanwhile, is not a website for a TV news station or any other legitimate media outlet. It’s another  news site, without any contact information, posing as a real news source, like others we’ve encountered . While it tries to capitalize on the name recognition of the tabloid New York Daily News, that real newspaper’s website is actually NYDailyNews.com . The story evoked a real celebrity scandal to bolster a completely  car accident to draw traffic to a website masquerading as a well-known newspaper. We rate this  !
Statement: Video shows a child telling Jill Biden to "shut up" during a speech.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: December 7, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: But that outburst didn’t happen, either.   As Reuters has reported , the audio of the child screaming an expletive comes from another video that has been online for at least a few years, before the Biden administration. The title of that video, posted on YouTube in 2019, says: "Kid tells teacher to shut up." Other people can be seen reacting to the outburst, both laughing and chastising the child.   We rate claims that this is an authentic video in which a child yells at Jill Biden to "shut up" during her speech !
Statement: Says Johnny Depp died after being apprehended for threatening President Donald Trump's life.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 24, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: The website has a history of writing multiple posts about far-out events involving famous personalities. It’s published tales of U.S. Rep. Trey Gowdy’s fictional son being found dead , Tucker Carlson being assassinated in a car crash , Sarah Palin being run off the road and Ted Nugent faking his own death . These contrived storylines, often  keeping their own counterfeit details straight among the various posts, end up being passed around on other  news websites, with no indication that they are made up. That is again the case with Depp, who was not detained by the feds and did not die during questioning. We rate this series of  posts !
Statement: Said Republicans made historic gains in state legislatures during last month's election
Speaker: national review
About the speaker: magazine
Date: November 3, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: National Review Online
Fact-check justification: Democrats now control both legislative chambers in just two Southern states, Arkansas and Mississippi. The realignment of power in the state legislatures can have enormous consequences. State lawmakers soon will begin the process of redrawing political boundaries, a process known as redistricting that occurs every 10 years. The party in power will obviously try to draw those lines to benefit itself, so the GOP romp of 2010 could have some real staying power. We rate the National Review  of historic GOP gains as .
Statement: It's possible that non-citizen voters were responsible for Obama's 2008 victory in North Carolina.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 17, 2016
Location: north carolina
Topics: immigration;elections;crime;states
Context: Green Bay, Wisconsin
Fact-check justification: Trump said "it’s possible" that Obama won North Carolina in 2008 because of non-citizens voting illegally. There is no  to support that theory, and that’s not for a lack of attention. A federal appeals court has looked into it, as has the N.C. Board of Elections, and both found nothing of concern. Political scientists also disagree with Trump. And even if the study Trump was citing is valid – although many say it's not – it still doesn’t back up Trump's . We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/96c8274a-cbbd-4be5-b9dd-1afe2d6d2e19
Statement: Says Missouri Democratic Senate candidate Jason Kander is "attending fancy dinners all over the country.
Speaker: national republican senatorial committee
About the speaker: The National Republican Senatorial Committee helps elect Republicans to the U.S. Senate.
Date: September 14, 2015
Location: missouri
Topics: elections
Fact-check justification: The NRSC ad campaign "Kander Pander" involves a  that Kander is "attending fancy dinners all over the country." The NRSC provided a list of five fundraisers that it says constitute fancy dinners. That  is fairly thin. It's also worth noting that Kander, who is currently Missouri's secretary of state, has raised plenty of money from Missourians — more than his opponent. The NRSC  has an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: I've given the religious schools in my budget more money than ever before in history.
Speaker: andrew cuomo
About the speaker: Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, was elected to his first term as governor of New York in 2010.
Date: March 1, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: education
Context: remarks at a student rally for the Orthodox Union
Fact-check justification: "I’ve given the religious schools in my budget more money than ever before in history," Cuomo says. Numbers from the state Division of Budget agree with Cuomo’s . He proposes more money for non-public schools in his budget this year than the state has ever before. Granted, not all private schools are religious. About one out of every five private students attend an independent non-public school. But we found no indication the state is treating religious schools differently than the non-religious private schools, so we rate his  .
Statement: Connie Mack's "only real job in the real world" was as "'events coordinator' for Hooters!
Speaker: george lemieux
About the speaker: George LeMieux is a former U.S. Senator from Florida. He was appointed by Gov. Charlie Crist in 2009 to fill the unexpired term of Sen. Mel Martinez and served until January 2011.
Date: February 27, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: LeMieux’s ad states "Congressman Connie Mack’s only real job in the real world? Events coordinator for Hooters!" It’s  that most of Mack's work experience in the private sector was with a company that owned and operated Hooters restaurants in Florida. This was the time soon after Mack's graduation from college and before his election to a full-time public office, a period of about seven years.  But the company he worked for owned and operated other restaurants, including Dan Marino's Town Tavern and Lulu's Bait Shack. Mack's campaign said he was marketing executive, not an events coordinator, and also said that Mack had other sales experience prior to that. Meanwhile, the LeMieux campaign couldn't offer specific  that Mack's work experience was solely with the Hooters restaurants, which the ad calls "his only real job in the real world."  One of the principles of the -O-Meter is that campaigns have the facts to back up their claims. On this one, the LeMieux team largely comes up short. Overall, we rate this  . PolitiFact Florida is partnering with 10 News for the 2012 election season. See the video version of this fact-check here .