chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Patrick Morrisey undertook "efforts to put educators in jail.
Speaker: joe manchin
About the speaker: Joe Manchin is a U.S. senator from West Virginia. The former governor of West Virginia won a special election in November 2010 to complete the balance of the late Sen. Robert Byrd’s term.
Date: September 14, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: education;legal issues
Context: tweet
Fact-check justification: Manchin tweeted that Morrisey made "efforts to put educators in jail." Morrisey, in his capacity as attorney general, said the strike was unlawful -- but that meant that striking teachers could have been punished by disciplinary actions, not criminal charges that could land them in jail. While the disciplinary actions could have had severe consequences in some cases, Manchin’s suggestion that "jail" could have resulted is a significant exaggeration. We rate the statement .
Statement: COVID-19 cases are "up only because of our big number testing.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 23, 2020
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said that the coronavirus case count is "up only because of our big number testing." Testing has increased nationally, but epidemiologists say that if this were the only reason that new cases were rising, the percentage of positive tests should be dropping or at least remaining about the same. That pattern did occur from early April to early June, a period when the availability of testing expanded significantly. However, that’s no longer the case. Since early June, the amount of testing being conducted has continued to reach new highs, yet the positivity rate has risen by a full percentage point. We rate the statement .
Statement: Hillary Clinton's State Department sent three comedians to India on the 'Make Chai, Not War' tour.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: April 18, 2015
Location: new hampshire
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Nashua, N.H
Fact-check justification: Paul said "Hillary Clinton’s State Department sent three comedians to India on the ‘Make Chai Not War tour." The State Department, while under the leadership of Clinton, did send three Indian-American comics to India in early 2012 as part of a regular cultural exchange program intended to stem religious prejudices and encourage tolerance. The State Department didn’t come up with the name, but the show was indeed called "Make Chai Not War." We rate this  .
Statement: The Astroworld concert was a "test run on the vaxxed" because people who are injected with graphene oxide can be controlled through magnetic frequencies, including music.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 7, 2021
Location: national
Topics: science;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus;texas
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims the AstroWorld concert was a "test run on the vaxxed" because people who are injected with graphene oxide can be controlled through magnetic frequencies, including music. The vaccines don’t contain graphene oxide.  We rate this .
Statement: Gov. Charlie Crist "sought for and got approved the automatic restoration of felon rights for nonviolent offenders for the first time in Florida history.
Speaker: dan gelber
About the speaker: Dan Gelber is a former Florida state Senator representing Miami Beach. He campaigned to be Florida Attorney General and was defeated on Nov. 2, 2010.
Date: November 26, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: civil rights;elections;crime
Context: Charlie Crist's campaign website
Fact-check justification: Gelber said that Crist "sought for and got approved the automatic restoration of felon rights for nonviolent offenders for the first time in Florida history." First, a minor quibble: the restoration of felon rights under Crist was not automatic because the Clemency Board still had to sign off on it. However our main objection to Gelber’s statement is his  that Crist was the "first" to do this in Florida history. In 1975, Askew and the Cabinet changed the rules to allow for "automatic restoration" of rights for voting. Under Askew, the changes broadly applied to offenders, whether they had completed sentences related to violent or nonviolent offenses. Crist’s policy favored nonviolent offenders. Depending on your viewpoint it was Askew who earned kudos or criticism -- not Crist -- for making it far easier for felons to regain civil rights including the right to vote. Gelber changed the wording of his  in response to this fact-check. At PolitiFact, we give props to people who admit to errors and correct them, but that doesn’t change our analysis or rating of the original . We rate this  .
Statement: The Inflation Reduction Act expanded free health insurance to Americans under 65.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 7, 2022
Topics: health care;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It establishes the right for Medicare to negotiate prices with drugmakers on some medications. It also extends expanded subsidies for the Affordable Care Act’s marketplace coverage, Kaiser Family Foundation reported . That means more financial help will be available to people who are already eligible for subsidized plans and more people who previously weren’t.   For Medicare patients , there’s a $35 monthly cap on insulin and a $2,000 out-of-pocket cap on prescription drugs, and older Americans won’t be stuck with a co-pay for vaccines against illnesses such as shingles.   We rate claims that the bill expands free health insurance for Americans younger than 65 .
Statement: The bomb threat near the U.S. Capitol on Aug. 19 was a false flag.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: August 19, 2021
Topics: congress;homeland security;crime;pundits;terrorism;facebook fact-checks;punditfact;jan. 6
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: Tweets and other social media posts claimed that the Capitol bomb threat was a  flag. There’s no  that the standoff that forced evacuations from the Capitol was a  flag.  There’s lots of  it was not, including photos, videos, witness statements, and court filings that lay out the charges against Roseberry and say he confirmed his identity to the FBI. We rate these claims !
Statement: The United States currently has the highest corporate tax rate in the world.
Speaker: leonard lance
About the speaker: Leonard Lance is a Republican congressman representing New Jersey's 7th district.
Date: April 15, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: corporations;taxes
Context: a news release about tax reform
Fact-check justification: Lance claimed in a news release, " The United States currently has the highest corporate tax rate in the world." It’s accurate that, at 39.1 percent, the United States has the highest statutory corporate tax rate among industrialized nations. But with various tax breaks, U.S. effective corporate tax rates range anywhere from 23 percent to 34.9 percent, studies show. Those effective tax rates may not land in first place, but they’re still among the highest in the world. As we did with Kyrillos’ two claims on this topic, we rate Lance’s  . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: No, we do not have laws in place protecting babies who are born alive as the result of an abortion.
Speaker: joyce krawiec
About the speaker: Joyce Krawiec is a North Carolina state senator.
Date: April 15, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: abortion
Context: a speech on the state Senate floor
Fact-check justification: On the Senate floor, Krawiec said "we do not have laws in place protecting babies who are born alive as the result of an abortion." That’s not . There are federal and state laws that protect infants as soon as they emerge from their mother’s womb — regardless of the circumstances. We rate her  . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide. To offer ideas for fact checks, email  [email protected] .
Statement: The Affordable Care Act is "making families pay double-digit premium increases.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: December 20, 2015
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: comments on 'Meet the Press'
Fact-check justification: Ryan said the health care law is "making families pay double-digit premium increases." Ryan has a point that some plans have seen increases of 10 percent or more with insurance purchased on healthcare.gov. However, Ryan is cherry-picking the high end of rate changes. On average, the benchmark plan has increased 7.5 percent, which decreases once premium tax credits and enrollment figures are factored in. We rate Ryan’s  .
Statement: Says the KKK marched in Mebane, N.C., after Trump's victory
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 9, 2016
Location: north carolina
Topics: civil rights;corrections and updates;states;terrorism
Context: a post-election Tweet
Fact-check justification: A viral post on social media claimed to show KKK members marching in Mebane, N.C. on Wednesday morning after Trump won the election. Trump has been supported by the KKK, and that area of North Carolina does have longstanding ties to KKK activity. But thanks to a newspaper reporter who was at the scene, and whose reporting was corroborated by local law enforcement, we know that there’s no substance to the rumors. The people were not wearing KKK regalia and didn’t even have a Confederate flag amongst them. They also were never overheard saying anything about the KKK – they were simply excited for Trump. We rate this  .  UPDATE After we wrote this, the KKK did hold a widely publicized "victory" parade in North Carolina, celebrating Donald Trump's presidential win. But that doesn't change anything about this rating, since they were separate events on different days and in different places. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/a38543ff-c4c5-4840-a02d-937ad5424535
Statement: The city of Richmond "built the second richest team in the NFL a $14 million stadium.
Speaker: joe morrissey
About the speaker: Joe Morrissey, D-Richmond, was elected to the Virginia Senate in 2019. He previously represented the Richmond area in the House of Delegates from 2008 to 2014 as a Democrat and in 2015 as an Independent.
He was the Commonwealth's Attorney for Richmond in 1989 to 1993. Morrissey, an attorney, was disbarred in U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in 2001 due to unethical and inappropriate behaviour. His license was revoked by the Virginia State Bar Disciplinary Board in 2003. He was reinstated to the bar in 2011, but his license was revoked again in 2018.
Morrissey received a bachelor's degree in economics from the University of Virginia in 1979 and a law degree from Georgetown University Law School in 1982.
Date: October 17, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: city government
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Morrissey said "We built the second richest team in the NFL a $14 million stadium." Morrissey’s gist - that Richmond spent a lot of money building a training facility for one of the richest teams in the NFL - is solid. But his statement is filled with exaggerated figures and terms. The facility is not a stadium; it mainly consists of two practice fields and a building containing a locker room and training rooms. The construction cost was $10 million. And the Redskins are the fifth wealthiest team in the NFL, according to Forbes. On the whole, we rate Morrissey’s multi-faceted statement .
Statement: Video shows people collapsing because of COVID-19 vaccines.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 28, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: And finally, the last, shows a British grocery store employee fainting in front of then-Prince Charles in July 2020. The Telegraph reported that he was well enough to continue talking to the now-king of England after receiving medical attention. We found no  that his collapse was because of a vaccine. The Daily Mail reported that the employee said he was overwhelmed by "the magnitude of the moment. "  We rate claims that these clips show people "dropping suddenly" because of COVID-19 vaccines !
Statement: Says "$30 million gap" in stadium funding forced the Portland Beavers to leave.
Speaker: sam adams
About the speaker: Sam Adams is the mayor of Portland. Before that he was a city commissioner and , for 11 years, was chief of staff to then-Mayor Vera Katz.
Date: September 7, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: baseball
Context: John Canzano's radio show
Fact-check justification: So here’s the umpire’s call: Adams is correct in citing a funding gap, but he overstated it by between $3.2 million and $21 million, depending on the location -- Memorial Coliseum or Lents Park. Adams at the same time largely ignored the political challenges that ultimately killed both proposals. This historical revisionism makes Adams look like a fiscal steward, when in fact Adams and City Commissioner Randy Leonard were working most closely with Paulson to broker deals that the public wouldn’t endorse. We rate Adams’ statement . Comment on this item.
Statement: Global warming leads to much quicker spread of the Zika virus because the increased temperature, "makes mosquitoes mature faster,  . . . bite more due to having a higher metabolism, and makes the Zika virus inside of them incubate faster.
Speaker: al gore
About the speaker: Former Vice President Al Gore cofounded and chairs both Generation Investment Management and Current TV. He is on the Board of Directors of Apple Computer, Inc. and is a senior advisor to Google, Inc. He is also a visiting professor at Middle Tennessee State University.
Gore wrote An Inconvenient Truth, a best-selling book on global warming, and is the subject of the Academy Award-winning movie of the same title.
Date: October 11, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: global news service;climate change;public health;science
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Gore claimed that global warming makes mosquitoes mature faster, bite more, incubate the Zika virus faster, and spread the disease quicker. There is strong scientific consensus that higher temperatures do speed up the mosquito’s metabolism, resulting in the biological effects Gore described. But scientists haven’t conclusively proved that global warming leads to faster spread of mosquito-borne diseases. More research is needed to understand how a changing climate fits into an already complicated mesh of human and environmental factors. We rate Gore’s  .
Statement: Scientists tell us that we could have a cure in 10 years for Alzheimer's" were it not for "overzealous regulators, excessive taxation and greedy litigators.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: March 16, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;government regulation;regulation;science
Context: a speech at CPAC
Fact-check justification: Bachmann said that "scientists tell us that we could have a cure in 10 years for Alzheimer's" were it not for "overzealous regulators, excessive taxation and greedy litigators." The 10-year goal may or may not be plausible, but if it’s not, there’s wide agreement that the three factors Bachmann mentioned are not the primary obstacles. Instead, researchers pointed to stagnant funding and the fact that Alzheimer’s is a particularly tricky disease to research, given its slow and stealthy advances. If Bachmann was looking to score points about bureaucracy and taxation, she has made a particularly poor choice of case study. Bachmann has taken a popular theme and assigned it to a complicated health condition, simply to score political points. The experts say her  is unfounded. We rate her  !
Statement: 1.53 million jobs are at risk (from potential defense cuts).
Speaker: randy forbes
About the speaker: Randy Forbes is from Chesapeake and represents Virginia's Fourth District in Congress. He was first elected to the House of Representatives in 2001. He serves on the Judiciary Committee and the Armed Services Committee, where he is chairman of the Seapower and Projection Forces Subcommittee.
Forbes previously served in Virginia's House of Delegates from 1989 to 1997 and in the State Senate from 1997 to 2001. He also was chairman of the Republican Party of Virginia from 1996 to 2001.
Forbes received a bachelor's degree from Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, in 1974, and a law degree from the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, in 1977.
Date: October 12, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;jobs;message machine 2012;military
Context: a web ad
Fact-check justification: The actual estimate by the Department of Defense -- which Forbes does not note -- is job loss between 1 million and 1.5 million. Other experts come up with smaller estimates, although their math does not always include all potential layoffs from reduced military -- such as local businesses, active duty members and the like. We don’t want to minimize the economic impact of $1 trillion in defense cuts. Forbes’ statement on the resulting job loss is credible, but very much on the high side estimates out there. We rate his  .
Statement: Says Justice Elena Kagan recused herself in "many cases where she had little role" as solicitor general, simply because of the appearance of a conflict of interest.
Speaker: anthony weiner
About the speaker: Anthony Weiner is a former congressman who represented parts of New York City, including Brooklyn, Kew Gardens and Rockaway.
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: national
Topics: legal issues
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: It’s possible that she has taken part in some cases in which she’s had a minor but tangible role. But in making the case that Thomas should recuse himself on the health care bill, Weiner held up Kagan as an example of a justice who went beyond what the recusal law dictated, adhering instead to what the appearance would be. But while Weiner is right that Kagan has chosen to recuse herself even when her participation in a given case seems minor, she still made her decision based on what the law demands. We see no  that she’s gone further than the law would for the sake of appearances. On balance, we rate Weiner’s statement .
Statement: Rhode Island's teen binge drinking rate is double the national average.
Speaker: physicians committee for responsible medicine
About the speaker: Founded in 1985, the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine is a group of health professionals and other citizens that advocates for preventive medicine and promotes alternatives to animal testing and animal research.
Date: December 11, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: alcohol;children;crime;public health;public safety
Context: an advertisement
Fact-check justification: Regardless of your opinion on the larger point, the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine sought to make it with an  comparison. It claimed "Rhode Island’s teen binge drinking rate is double the national average," deriving that  by comparing numbers from two different surveys. But the most recent report that includes both national and state-by-state figures show that Rhode Island’s rate was actually less than the national average. We rule the   . (To check our sources and find additional information, go to the extended version of this article at PolitiFactRI.com.)
Statement: New tax increases that went into effect on Jan. 1, 2015, "all passed under the Affordable Care Act, aka Obamacare.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: January 1, 2015
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare;taxes
Context: a chain email
Fact-check justification: The chain email said that new tax increases went into effect on Jan. 1, 2015, "all passed under the Affordable Care Act, aka Obamacare." The email gets many things , most notably scaring people by saying their tax rates will go up on New Year’s Day 2015. In addition, most of the rates cited are  in some way, and are uniformly higher than the actual rates. And the email is flat-out  when it blames Democrats, and Obamacare for the increases. The bulk of the tax hikes stem from a different bill entirely -- one that received support from a large majority of Senate Republicans and a significant minority of House Republicans. Despite some minor changes since the last version of the email that circulated, this one is so riddled with errors -- and gets so few things correct -- that we continue to rate it . Help fund PolitiFact's Kickstarter to live fact-check the 2015 State of the Union and GOP response.