chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Mark Warner cast "the tiebreaking vote" to pass Obamacare.
Speaker: ken cuccinelli
About the speaker: Ken Cuccinelli became acting director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services on June 10, 2019. Cuccinelli, a Republican, was Virginia's attorney general from 2010 to 2014. In 2013, he lost the general election for governor to Democrat Terry McAuliffe. In 2016, he was a adisver to the presidential campaign of Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas.
Born in 1968, Cuccinelli has a B.S. in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia, a J.D. from Geroge Mason University School of Law and an M.A. in International Commerce and Policy from George Mason University.
He represented Fairfax County in the state senate from 2002 to 2010.
 
 
 
 
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Date: November 18, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;voting record
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Cuccinelli said Warner provided "the tiebreaking vote" that allowed Obamacare to become reality. There’s a sliver of  here in that Warner did indeed provide a crucial vote that helped Democrats get to the 60 votes needed to advance the Affordable Care Act. But it’s  to say he cast "the vote" when Warner was joined by 59 other senators who, by Cuccinelli’s rationale, also would have cast the tie-breaking vote. Warner was not among the last holdouts that boosted the Senate to a super majority; he made his intentions known three months before the vote. We rate the  .
Statement: Hillary Clinton said gun confiscation "would be worth considering.
Speaker: national rifle association
About the speaker: An advocacy group that fights restrictions on the right to bear arms.
Date: October 8, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: guns
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: The NRA says that when Clinton was asked about gun confiscation, she said "I think it would be worth doing it on a national level, if that can be arranged." Clinton made that statement last year at a New Hampshire campaign stop, when she was asked a vague question about an Australian program that gave gun owners one year to sell certain firearms to the government before those weapons became illegal. She left the NRA some room. But the NRA stretches her words to an almost unrecognizable form. Clinton focused her comments on voluntary buyback programs similar to those some U.S. communities have instituted for guns and the federal "cash-for-clunkers" program. She was ambiguous about how a U.S. guns buyback program might be structured, saying "I don’t know enough details to tell you how we would do it or how it would work." And her campaign since has said she opposes gun confiscation. So there’s an element of  to the NRA’s statement, but it ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That makes it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/9e238568-ad07-4375-9b74-3a07ed468f3c
Statement: It was Hillary Clinton who left Americans in harm's way in Benghazi and after four Americans fell said, 'What difference at this point does it make?'
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: July 20, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: the Republican national convention
Fact-check justification: Pence said, "It was Hillary Clinton who left Americans in harm's way in Benghazi and after four Americans fell said, 'What difference at this point does it make?' " It’s reasonable to argue that Clinton, as head of the State Department, should shoulder some responsibility for the bureaucratic failures that may have contributed to the tragedy. But there’s no  that suggests, as Pence does, that Clinton was personally responsible for or could have prevented the deaths of the four Benghazi victims. As for Clinton’s comment, it did not come "after four Americans fell," but in a subsequent congressional hearing. She was responding to a senator’s repeated questioning over why she didn’t call department workers in Benghazi to figure out the cause of the attack, not to the fact that four Americans had died. We rate Pence’s  .
Statement: Says Saddam Hussein said, "We cannot defeat America by the sword. America must be defeated within their politics.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 14, 2019
Topics: history;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It was a week before Hussein invaded Kuwait, Baram said, and he told Glaspie that since the Vietnam War, the United States can’t afford casualties but Hussein can. ("Yours is a society which cannot accept 10,000 dead in one battle," he told Glaspie, according to Newsweek .) "The connotation was that American war policies can be influenced through casualties," Baram said.   If  emerges that Hussein made the statement attributed to him in the Facebook post, we’ll reconsider our ruling. But lacking any proof that this attribution is accurate, we rate the post .
Statement: The mortality rate for the flu is "right around" that of the new coronavirus: "It's right around 2%.
Speaker: chad wolf
About the speaker: On November 13, 2019, Chad F. Wolf was designated as the Acting Secretary of Homeland Security by President Donald J. Trump and was also confirmed as the first Under Secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans (PLCY). Previously, he served as the Acting Under Secretary.  
Date: February 25, 2020
Topics: health check;coronavirus
Context: an exchange during a Senate appropriations subcommittee hearing
Fact-check justification:   There are two ways to parse out this : First, is it  that the average U.S. mortality rate for flu is 2%?  That’s not , according to data from the CDC and exchanges with multiple global health experts. On average, the flu mortality rate during the past 10 years has been 0.1%. In addition, Wolf and a DHS spokesperson admitted that the acting secretary did not have the statistics in front of him when he answered questions at the hearing about the mortality rates.  Second, is it  the COVID-19 mortality rate is similar to the flu mortality rate?  Wolf is also  on that account, based on the limited information currently known about the coronavirus. Recent data from the Chinese government set the COVID-19 mortality rate at 2.3%. That’s vastly different from the flu’s mortality rate of 0.1%.  Experts also said that while it’s possible the mortality rate from the new virus could come close to the flu’s mortality rate eventually ― if the case definition of coronavirus is expanded -- it’s too soon to make that assumption with the limited information available.  For these reasons, we rate the  .
Statement: If the impeachment reaches the house and passes to the senate and isn't passed the first term is nullified and Trump can run two more terms.
Speaker: kaya jones
About the speaker: Kaya Jones is a model and recording artist and former band member in Pussycat Dolls who identifies herself as being a political supporter of President Donald Trump and involved in his campaign advisory board. 
Date: October 1, 2019
Topics: constitutional amendments;elections;impeachment;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Jones said "if the impeachment reaches the house and passes to the senate and isn’t passed the first term is nullified and Trump can run two more terms." The Constitution explicitly prohibits presidents from getting elected to more than two terms. We rate this statement !
Statement: Over the last four years, the deficit has gone up, but 90 percent of that is as a consequence of" President George W. Bush's policies and the recession.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 23, 2012
Location: national
Topics: debt;deficit;economy
Context: an interview on CBS' "60 Minutes"
Fact-check justification: Obama said that "over the last four years, the deficit has gone up, but 90 percent of that is as a consequence of" President George W. Bush’s policies and the effects of the recession. But Obama misstated his own documentation by using four years rather than the 10 that were included in the analysis. At a minimum, that makes him responsible for at least 17 percent. But more importantly, he engages in significant cherry-picking by assigning pricey programs to Bush’s column while ignoring the fact that he supported, or supports, many of them. We rate the statement .
Statement: Big pharmaceuticals pay off — they literally pay off — generics to keep the prices and the competition off the market.
Speaker: amy klobuchar
About the speaker: Amy Klobuchar is a senator from Minnesota. Klobuchar was elected as senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Klobuchar received a bachelor’s degree in political science from Yale University and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School. In 2019, she announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 2, 2020.
Date: April 22, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;health care;health check
Context: a CNN town hall event for Democratic presidential candidates
Fact-check justification: Klobuchar said, "We can stop this horrible practice where big pharmaceuticals pay off – they literally pay off – generics to keep the prices and the competition off the market." "Pay-for-delay" is a pharmaceutical industry practice that involves brand-name drugmakers compensating their generic counterparts for holding off on marketing their versions of brand-name drugs, causing longer delays in getting cheaper, generic drugs to the pharmacy counter. There are currently no federal laws explicitly barring these sorts of deals. Brand-name manufacturers do not in all cases "literally pay off" generic drugmakers. Since the Supreme Court ruled the FTC could challenge these agreements in court in 2013, cash payments have become less common, sometimes replaced by other forms of compensation. Klobuchar is clearly aware of this distinction. The legislation she introduced with Grassley notes that an agreement is in violation of their proposed ban if a drugmaker "receives anything of value," not just cash. We rate this statement . Update April 26, 2019: After this fact check's publication, AbbVie contacted us regarding the inclusion of its drug, Humira, in the text and provided a statement that it has not used pay-for-delay tactics. We clarified the story on these points. The broader point of the fact check about reverse payment agreements and Klobuchar's statement continue to rate as  . This fact check was reported and edited by Kaiser Health News. PolitiFact and KHN are partnering to fact-check claims about health care.
Statement: Says Mitt Romney is using "a million of his presidential campaign dollars to finance his Utah Senate race.
Speaker: jenny wilson
About the speaker: Jenny Wilson serves as an at-large member of the Salt Lake County Council. She is a Democratic candidate for Utah's U.S. Senate seat.
Date: April 20, 2018
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Wilson’s campaign said Romney is using "a million of his presidential campaign dollars to finance his Utah senate race." The nonprofit organization that collected money for Romney’s 2012 campaign transferred $1 million to Romney’s bid for Utah’s Senate seat. We rate this .
Statement: In 2017, the number of new business registrations in West Virginia grew nearly 11 percent (8,318 new businesses registered for the year). This comes off the heels of a 12 percent increase in new business registrations during 2016.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: September 4, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party tweeted, "In 2017, the number of new business registrations in West Virginia grew nearly 11 percent (8,318 new businesses registered for the year). This comes off the heels of a 12 percent increase in new business registrations during 2016." The data cited in the tweet is solid. However, it looks only at certain types of business births. Looking at data for both business births and deaths shows a less rosy picture for business creation in the state. The statement is accurate but needs additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: One man was actually killed" during 2020 protests of police brutality in Raleigh
Speaker: tim moore
About the speaker: Tim Moore is a Republican from Cleveland County and the speaker of the N.C. House of Representatives.
Date: February 8, 2023
Location: north carolina
Topics: criminal justice
Context: presentations about his bill
Fact-check justification: Moore, as he spoke about protests in Raleigh in 2020, said "one man was killed," but Raleigh police say they have no record of anyone dying. When pressed, Moore’s office said he was speaking broadly about nationwide protests in 2020 "that resulted in at least 19 deaths overall." That figure — 19 deaths — is a much higher count than the one death Moore mentioned in the committee meetings. And although that tally was reported by a reputable news agency, there are problems with it. Several of the deaths linked to the 2020 protests weren’t committed by protesters, another reputable media outlet reported. Moore’s multiple claims that one person died — and his later statement saying 19 died — are  tallies of the deaths in Raleigh, the state, and across the country. We rate it .
Statement: Americans "have never paid more for gas at the pump.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: February 10, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: Alexandria, Va
Fact-check justification: The Feb. 4 report from the U.S. Energy Information Administration found the average price of gasoline was $2.98 a gallon, down 23 cents from the peak of $3.22 last May 21. In fact, while the senator was in Alexandria, his motorcade drivers could have filled up for $2.92 a gallon at Barber's Auto Service Center, an Exxon station near the school. We might have been inclined to cut Obama some slack for speaking in general terms about the price of gas, but he is still  when you look at historical levels. If you adjust for inflation, the current national price is still 41 cents below the peak of $3.39 per gallon, set in March 1981. And so, we find his statement .
Statement: Barack Obama hasn't passed any (bills).
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: December 31, 2007
Location: national
Context: Ames, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Obama's tendency to focus on nonidelogical issues is pragmatic, because they tend not to have powerful enemies or, if they do, are shielded by solid support in both parties. But some of his initiatives have languished, either because he was a junior member of the Democratic caucus or because they encountered institutional resistance. One would have rewarded troubled school districts with extra federal help in exchange for deep changes. Though advocacy groups generally gave him positive marks for taking action, Obama's absence from heated political battles makes it difficult to assess his effectiveness as a legislator. Still, he has passed one bill signed into law, making Biden's statement .
Statement: Says a photo taken in England shows "thousands of English Trump supporters" celebrating the president's visit.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 4, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: We rate it ! Correction, June 18, 2019 : An earlier version of this story included a mistaken attribution for a story on the miscaptioned photo. The Liverpool Echo published the article. This correction does not change the rating.
Statement: Without the financial resources provided by hunters to protect habitat and stop poachers, there would be no infrastructure for wildlife management.
Speaker: kendall jones
About the speaker: Kendall Jones is a Texas teenager who posts stories about her hunting trips on Facebook.
Date: July 2, 2014
Topics: environment;corrections and updates;sports;punditfact
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Jones, who has been criticized for posting photos of big game kills while visiting in Africa, claimed that, "Without the financial resources provided by hunters to protect habitat and stop poachers, there would be no infrastructure for wildlife management." First, while the quote was published in National Geographic , it was written as part of a pro-hunting opinion piece. Second, the  is . Experts agree that hunting reserves can help wildlife management in the right circumstances, but other efforts -- including ecotourism and photo tourism -- have a more significant impact. No matter the size of the contribution, it’s clear that wildlife management isn’t solely being supported by big game hunts. We rate Jones’  . Correction : This report initially misspelled the name of African Wildlife Foundation spokeswoman Kathleen Garrigan.
Statement: I did very well with young people in Ohio, Massachusetts, California.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: March 25, 2008
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: Greensburg, Pa
Fact-check justification: Exit poll patterns show her performing best among older voters, he added. Lenski noted that Clinton won even more youth votes in Oklahoma and Arkansas — 60 percent and 56 percent under 30, respectively, he said — but may have passed over those examples because they're not big, core Democratic states like California and Massachusetts. It has been a bit of conventional wisdom in this campaign that Obama is winning the youth vote, which is why we evaluated Clinton's  of doing "very well" in that context. As Lenski said, splitting the under-30 vote with Obama in Massachusetts and California is a good record for Clinton, and we find that part of her  to be . But by including Ohio in her , where Clinton took less than half of the under-30 vote that Obama won, she has gone way too far, leading us to conclude that her overall  to doing "very well" among young voters is .
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "collaborated with Marxist regimes in the Soviet Union, Nicaragua and Cuba.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 8, 2020
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said Sanders collaborated with the Soviet Union, Nicaragua and Cuba. The term "collaboration" does not match what Sanders did. He did praise those countries for doing a lot to address the day-to-day needs of their people, such as housing, food and health care. At the same time, he criticized them for the lack of democracy and political freedom. He was particularly sympathetic to Nicaragua due to the military offensive against it orchestrated and backed by the United States. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Obama promised to cut the deficit in half.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 3, 2012
Location: national
Topics: debates;deficit
Context: a presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Romney reminded Obama during the debate, "you have said before you'd cut the deficit in half." The statement is accurate. Obama made the pledge shortly after taking office in 2009. Today, the deficit is smaller, but it’s not half the size it was. We rate Romney’s statement .