chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The "Department of Homeland Security and the State Department coordinated with a group called the 'Election Integrity Partnership' to censor Joe Biden's opponents.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 5, 2022
Topics: corrections and updates;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Starbuck claimed that the Department of Homeland Security and State Department coordinated with the Election Integrity Partnership to "censor Joe Biden’s opponents." Agencies within those departments were external stakeholders in the Election Integrity Partnership during its 2020 work, before Biden took office.  CISA did not pass along any claims to the partnership, which also said it didn’t forward any reports on CISA’s behalf to social media platforms.  It’s unclear how many misinformation claims were submitted to the partnership by the State Department’s Global Engagement Center, which focuses on foreign propaganda and disinformation efforts. But less than 1% of the claims investigated by the partnership focused on claims involving foreign actors. Although both government agencies were involved in the partnership, there is no  that either of them, or the partnership’s researchers, acted to "censor Joe Biden’s opponents."  We rate this  . Updated, Oct. 13, 2022: The story has been updated to include a statement from CISA that was received after publication.
Statement: Sen. Joe Manchin "stands with Hillary Clinton and D.C. Dems on gun control, higher taxes, amnesty, and Planned Parenthood.
Speaker: patrick morrisey
About the speaker: Patrick Morrisey is the attorney general of West Virginia. Morrisey is running for the West Virginia U.S. Senate seat.
Date: August 31, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: abortion;immigration;taxes;guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Morrisey said Manchin "stands with Hillary Clinton and DC Dems on gun control, higher taxes, amnesty, and Planned Parenthood." We’re not entirely sure what Hillary Clinton has to do with this, but Morrisey can point to some  to support Manchin’s loyalty to Democratic orthodoxy in each of these four areas. That said, Morrisey glosses over important nuances. On guns and immigration, for instance, Manchin has often worked with Republicans to find common ground, rather than taking a strong Democratic line. On taxes, Manchin did vote against the Trump-backed tax bill, but his position would have left the tax code the same, rather than imposing "higher taxes." And Morrisey ignores Manchin’s personal anti-abortion position in focusing on Manchin’s support for Planned Parenthood; Manchin supports the status quo on federal funding, which is to provide it only for non-abortion services. We rate the statement .
Statement: As governor, "Mitt Romney raised nursing home fees eight times.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 9, 2012
Location: national
Topics: medicaid;message machine 2012
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Obama’s ad says that "for many middle-class families, Medicaid is the only way to afford nursing home care. But as a governor, Mitt Romney raised nursing home fees eight times." It would be more accurate to say Romney raised the licensing fee for seven levels of nursing facilities one time, in addition to the per-day bed tax. And all the fees were levied on the nursing homes themselves, not the middle class families struggling to afford nursing home care mentioned in the ad. Both those elements of the statement are  and . We rate it .
Statement: If you're a black woman, you're 320% more likely to die from complications in childbirth.
Speaker: andrew yang
About the speaker: Andrew Yang filed paperwork with the New York City Campaign Finance Board Dec. 23 which allows him to explore a bid for mayor in 2021. Yang is an entrepreneur and founder of Venture for America New York. Yang received a bachelor’s degree in economics from Brown University and a J.D. from Columbia Law School. In 2017, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in February 2020.
Date: December 19, 2019
Topics: health care;health check
Context: comments during the December Democratic presidential primary debate
Fact-check justification: "The reasons are surprising but also apparent to nearly everyone who works in health care. Clinicians are trained to profile people by race — nearly every exam question in medical school tells you the race of the patient and reinforces race-based associations. "   Yang said black women are 320% more likely to die from complications in childbirth, as part of his explanation of disparities between black and white Americans.   The point tracks with non-partisan expert research. We rate it .
Statement: In more than 60 cases, judges "looked at the allegations that Trump was making and determined they were without any merit.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: January 7, 2021
Topics: elections
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Biden’s figure is correct. Trump wasn't a plaintiff in all of them, some were his allies or supporters echoing Trump’s claims. The lawsuits failed for various reasons: some had errors in the filings, others lacked standing. Mainly, the allegations lacked proof. We rate Biden’s  .
Statement: Trump is now suing CNN over 'pro-impeachment bias' and he demands a 'substantial payment.'
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 20, 2019
Topics: legal issues;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: He threatened to sue author Michael Wolff for libel over Wolff’s book, "Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House." So far, though, no lawsuits have been filed. And Rebecca Tushnet, a professor of  advertising law at Harvard Law School, told Reuters that Trump’s latest salvo has "no merit" and that she doubted a lawsuit would ever be filed. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Hillary Clinton in 2005 co-sponsored legislation that would jail flag burners.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 29, 2016
Location: georgia
Topics: patriotism
Context: Townhall.com
Fact-check justification: The online site Townhall.com said Hillary Clinton co-sponsored legislation in 2005 that would jail flag burners. Clinton did indeed co-sponsor a bill that would have done just that. Republicans have backed similar legislation in the past, even though the courts have ruled flag burning is legally protected. We rate the Townhall.com statement .
Statement: In the federal government, "there's $16 billion in duplicate programs" that can be cut.
Speaker: jon ossoff
About the speaker: Jon Ossoff, a Democrat, is a U.S. Senator from Georgia. Ossoff is a former aide to Rep. Hank Johnson, D-Ga.
Date: March 30, 2017
Location: georgia
Topics: federal budget
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Ossoff said that in the federal government, "there’s $16 billion in duplicate programs" that can be cut. There are indeed $16 billion in cuts recommended by a credible study published by a nonpartisan arm of Congress, though not all are examples of duplication. The actual universe of cuts offered by GAO is even higher -- somewhere north of an additional $13 billion. The statement is accurate but needs clarification, so we rate it .
Statement: We have reached our goal to clear the backlog of (unemployment) claims.
Speaker: amy pechacek
About the speaker: Pechacek earned her bachelor's degree in sociology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and has a master's degree in public policy and public administration from Northwestern University. She is also a graduate of the Senior Executive Institute at the University of Virginia’s Weldon Cooper School for Public Service.
Date: December 20, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs;states;workers
Context: News release
Fact-check justification: At the end of December, Pechacek said the state had eliminated its backlog of unemployment claims. That was accurate, at least by the measure used by the Department of Labor. But on a practical level, that didn’t mean that the cases had all been resolved. To the contrary, many cases had simply been assigned to an adjudicator at that point, and were awaiting a final decision. And a high volume of appeals meant a delay at that stage as well. Our definition of  is "The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context." That fits here.
Statement: A Ukrainian combat medic who died in February was seen in a video Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelensky posted of his visit to see wounded soldiers.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: March 13, 2022
Topics: foreign policy;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: Ostashchenko’s name could be seen on her uniform, the outlet reported, and facial recognition technology from Microsoft matched Ostashchenko’s face in the photo from the hospital to another photo of her — but not to another photo of Derusova. The  rumor about Zelensky’s visit spread to blog sites , pro-Trump forums , YouTube , Telegram and Instagram . They were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .)   We rate these posts .
Statement: Here in Florida, I've slashed government by 10 percent. That's $7 billion.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: October 16, 2009
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: radio advertisement for U.S. Senate campaign
Fact-check justification: "It is because of the worst economy Florida has had since the Great Depression." Crist has defended the budget-cut  by saying that in other states, taxes were increased to cover shortfalls. While Crist didn’t push for tax increases to make up the entire shortfall, he did approve fee and tax increases this year — on everything from fishing licenses to initial vehicle registrations to cigarettes — that total $2.2 billion. So while it is  that state government has shrunk by 10 percent since Crist’s election, it had little to do with him, and a lot to do with the shrinking economy. For those reasons, we give Crist’s statement a .
Statement: More than three women per day lose their lives at the hands of their partners.
Speaker: james brown
About the speaker: James Brown hosts The NFL Today on CBS. Brown previously worked for FOX as a host of Fox NFL Sunday.
Date: September 11, 2014
Topics: criminal justice;crime;women;punditfact
Context: a message to viewers
Fact-check justification: Brown implored the NFL community and beyond to consider a shocking statistic: "According to domestic violence experts, more than three women per day lose their lives at the hands of their partners." He went on to estimate how many women have been killed by their partners since the day Rice attacked his now-wife in an elevator -- a practice experts said isn’t scientifically precise but is a common practice. As for the three-deaths-a-day figure itself, experts said it is accurate. By some measures, the daily average is actually closer to four deaths. There are some ways that Brown could have been more precise, but they do not obscure his point. So we rate his  .
Statement: We have trade agreements with 20 countries, and we have trade surpluses with each one of those 20.
Speaker: don beyer
About the speaker: Donald S. Beyer Jr. is the Democratic nominee for 8th District congressional seat Democrat in Northern Virginia. The seat has been occupied since 1992 by Democrat Jim Moran, who is not seeking reelection.
Beyer served two terms as Virginia's lieutenant governor from 1990 to 1998. He ran for governor in 1997 and lost to Republican Jim Gilmore. From 2009 to 2013, he was ambassador to Switzerland and Liechtenstein.  
Beyer and his younger brother, Michael, are the owners of nine car dealerships in Northern Virginia.
Beyer was born in 1950 in Trieste, Italy, the son of a U.S. Army officer. He was raised in Washington, D.C. and graduated from Williams College, magna cum laude, with a degree in economics.
 
Date: November 8, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: trade
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Beyer said, "We have trade agreements with 20 countries, and we have trade surpluses with each one of those 20." Data show the U.S. is running trade deficits with seven of those trade-agreement nations through the first nine months of this year and ran deficits with six of those countries in 2015. We rate Beyer’s statement .
Statement: Says Rick Perry "wanted to secede from the union.
Speaker: jay carney
About the speaker: Jay Carney, the White House press secretary, was formerly employed by TIME magazine and CNN, according to a TIME biographical post.
Date: August 16, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;history;foreign policy;states
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: But none quoted Perry threatening to push for secession, though critics and comedians framed his words in that way. Our conclusion was that in a politically theatrical moment, Perry stated an old (and factually )  that Texas retains the right to leave the union. That is not the same as his saying giddyap, I want to leave. Perry didn’t call for secession then and hasn’t since. We rate Carney’s statement .
Statement: Republican gubernatorial candidate Eric Greitens "spent another $600,000 on image consultants" to rebrand his charity, The Mission Continues.
Speaker: chris koster
About the speaker: Chris Koster is the Missouri attorney general, and is running for governor as a Democrat.
Date: September 13, 2016
Location: missouri
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: In a TV ad, Koster said Greitens’ charity The Mission Continues spent $600,000 on image consultants. This amount was well-supported by non-profit Form 990s, which listed $619,599 in payment to PR firm FleishmanHillard. The ad was , however, when it suggested that the image consultants were used to craft Greiten’s personal image, instead of The Mission Continues. Furthermore, it implied that a charity spending money on branding is wasteful. An expert who monitors charities said it was a legitimate expense. We rate Koster’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/2c7b5353-dd89-4d1d-8e7c-b5a3c44e44ad
Statement: Says she "brought together business, labor and hospitals to give 94,000 Oregon children health care.
Speaker: eileen brady
About the speaker: Eileen Brady is running for Portland mayor 2012.
Date: November 15, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: health care
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: That said, her position as vice chair of the board that ultimately suggested the provider tax to expand children’s health care is nothing to sneeze at. The board had to balance the needs and desires of several constituencies and Brady was one of the leaders during those talks. The history, stretching back to when Bates and Westlund first traveled the state to put together their initial act, is important additional information, but the comment that Brady "helped find the common ground" can’t really be disputed. We find this one . Return to OregonLive to comment on this ruling.
Statement: The election bill "allows persons to correct an absentee ballot if they did not sign it and requires an extra two hours a day for early voting. Everything else in this bill is discretionary.
Speaker: christopher l. smith
About the speaker: Christopher L. "Chris" Smith is a Democratic state senator representing parts of Broward and Palm Beach counties. He was a state representative from 1998-2006 and elected to the Senate in 2008.
Date: April 21, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: the South Florida Sun Sentinel
Fact-check justification: Smith wrote that the election bill "allows persons to correct an absentee ballot if they did not sign it and requires an extra two hours a day for early voting. Everything else in this bill is discretionary." The bill does mandate those two changes. But Smith omits that some of those discretionary changes in the bill are a big deal and are expected to change how elections are operated in large counties. Elections supervisors in at least some counties are likely to restore early voting on the Sunday before Election Day and they are likely to add more early voting sites and go beyond the mandated minimum hours. Plus, we found a few provisions that are not discretionary and would affect voters. We rate Smith’s  .
Statement: In three years we could find close to 50 million gallons per day through a toilet replacement program.
Speaker: sally bethea
About the speaker: Sally Bethea is the founding director of nonprofit Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper,
Date: April 9, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: environment;water
Context: The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Fact-check justification: The amount of water saved because the new plumbing fixes leaks could boost the total, and changing toilets over three years rather than 14 (under the rebate) does save more water, total. Therefore Bethea’s fundamental point rings . A New York-style program "could" save 50 million gallons per day. The amount could easily be much lower, but even more conservative estimates place the savings in the range of tens of millions of gallons per day. We rate her  .
Statement: Joe Biden called Pope Francis the "famous African American baseball player in America.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 5, 2022
Location: national
Topics: baseball;religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video claims Biden called the pope the "famous African American baseball player" when the two met in 2021.  The video was taken out of context from a longer exchange. Biden was telling the pope a story about a baseball player. At no point did he confuse the pope for the player.  We rate this  .
Statement: Wisconsin was the last state to start paying COVID-related federal unemployment benefits.
Speaker: robin vos
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Robin Vos, R-Rochester, has represented western Racine County in the state Assembly since 2004. In November 2012, he was elected Assembly speaker. Vos previously served on the Racine County Board of Supervisors, from 1994 to 2004.
Date: June 9, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;states
Context: Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But that program applies to far fewer people, and the image shared by Vos makes clear that the last-in-the-nation ranking applies to the PUC payments.   Our rating Vos claimed Wisconsin was the last state to pay out COVID-related federal unemployment money.   He is on target about that, but the  fails to note two important factors: Delays by Republicans played a role in the poor showing by Wisconsin, and the state fared better when it came to payments from a related federal program. Our definition for  is "The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information." That fits here.
Statement: A new, independent study put out last week found that at least 55 of our largest corporations used various loopholes to pay zero federal income tax in 2020.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: April 7, 2021
Topics: corporations;taxes
Context: remarks at the White House
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "A new, independent study put out last week found that at least 55 of our largest corporations used various loopholes to pay zero federal income tax in 2020." Biden is right that a study had been released days earlier by a non-governmental group that concluded that at least 55 large companies paid zero federal income taxes in 2020. However, it may be  to call the tax provisions cited in the report "loopholes," since many of them are deliberate attempts by the government to set incentives through the tax code and may on their own be broadly popular. Critics also say that the financial disclosures used to compile the report are imperfect estimates of what the companies actually paid in taxes, since the accounting rules are different for the two types of filings. On the other hand, separate data from the Joint Committee on Taxation, which is based on actual tax returns, has supported the study’s general point. We rate the statement .