chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: There have been more than 300 mass shootings in the United States this year – more than any other country in the world.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: October 23, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: public safety;guns
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: In the YouTube video that Cicilline’s staff sent us, the congressman said: "There have been more than 300 mass shootings in the United States this year – more than any other country in the world." The problem with that sentence is that he mixes disparate facts to draw a single conclusion. The "mass shootings" of the first part are not the same as the "public mass shootings" of the second part. And so while both parts are basically correct, Cicilline was off base when he put them together. The Mass Shooting Tracker does not tally foreign shootings. And the social scientist from the University of Alabama looked at different events from a different period of time. The first half of his sentence is  and the second half is . But two trues, in this case, don’t make the whole . For that reason, the judges rate Cicilline’s   .
Statement: I have also overseen historic funding increases for high-quality child care, enabling 17 states to help more children, many of which have reduced or eliminated their waitlists altogether.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 4, 2020
Location: national
Context: the State of the Union
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "I have also overseen historic funding increases for high-quality child care, enabling 17 states to help more children, many of which have reduced or eliminated their waitlists altogether." Congress passed a historic increase in funding in 2018, and Trump signed it into law. What Trump left out of his remarks is that he proposed a $95 million cut for the grant program that year. (Congress then passed another increase in 2020, which he signed.) Determining the impact of that increase on waiting lists is murkier. The reports we saw indicated that between eight and 16 states planned to use money for children on waitlists. We rate this  .
Statement: I supported the surge when you didn't.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: January 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Context: Manchester, N.H
Fact-check justification: Wallace pressed him on the fact that the record did not square with his claims. Huckabee responded but did not answer the question. The record shows that Huckabee and Romney both have supported the surge and, at times, have both expressed doubts about the ability of the president's Iraq strategy to work in the long run. Huckabee says he's more committed to the surge. We find his  .
Statement: We have 395 inmates pushed into triple-bunked cells intended for two inmates and bunked in classrooms and areas supposed to be designated for inmate labor.
Speaker: ken allen
About the speaker: Ken Allen is Executive Director of the American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees, Council 75.
Date: February 16, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: public safety;state budget;unions
Context: a guest column
Fact-check justification: The closure of Santiam would have prompted more conversions. There may be more teaching and work space converted to housing in the future. And a handful of beds -- 24 -- were added to rooms that typically house two inmates. But none of those reasons mitigate the fact that those 395 beds are not located in work areas, and the small number of third and fourth beds are not in cells designed to hold only two people. We rate the statement .
Statement: These guys are now pretty much living up to the @BruceRauner standard. And falling dismally short of the @MittRomney standard. Even Romney released his full tax returns.
Speaker: daniel biss
About the speaker: Illinois state Sen. Daniel Biss, D-Evanston, is a candidate for the Democratic nomination for the 2018 gubernatorial election. Before being elected to the Illinois Senate in 2012, he served a term in the Illinois House of Representatives. Biss holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and undergraduate degree from Harvard University. He is a former University of Chicago math professor.
Date: November 27, 2017
Location: illinois
Topics: campaign finance;elections;ethics;transparency;taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Biss sarcastically said his fellow Democratic gubernatorial candidates "are living up to" the standard for releasing tax information set by Republican Gov. Bruce Rauner. He also said they fell short of the example set by 2012 Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney. Like Rauner, J.B. Pritzker and Chris Kennedy released only their federal and state 1040 forms, which provide only the most basic information on income and taxes paid. And Romney did release two years’ worth of full returns, including hundreds of pages of detail, when he was running for president in 2012. There is no law in Illinois requiring gubernatorial candidates or governors to release any tax information whatsoever, and Biss is clearly engaging in some campaign hyperbole when he refers to a Rauner standard and a Romney standard. That said, we find the essence of his statements to be .
Statement: For what we spend in just one week in Iraq, 800,000 children could get health insurance for an entire year.
Speaker: florida consumer action network
About the speaker: The Florida Consumer Action Network is a coalition of grassroots organizations.
Date: April 29, 2008
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: The most current figures only make Newton's case stronger. When ruling on claims where numbers are overestimated, PolitiFact often gives the benefit of the doubt. But in this case, we're taking points off because the figure is so wildly off the mark. It makes us wonder how much homework the Florida Consumer Action Network even did. We rate the  .
Statement: New York leads the nation in out-migration of residents, with 126,000 people leaving last year and over one million in the past decade.
Speaker: james tedisco
About the speaker: James Tedisco is a State Senator from New York's Capital Region and North Country. He previously served in the state Assembly.
Date: January 5, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: population
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Tedisco said that "New York leads the nation in outmigration of residents, with 126,000 people leaving last year and over one million in the past decade." New York has seen significant population losses for a decade, exceeding the losses in other states. However, he described the one-year loss of 126,000 incorrectly. That figure refers to net population changes for all reasons, including gains from international in-migration and births minus deaths. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Stacey Abrams said "Who needs agriculture when you can just get food at the store?
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 5, 2019
Topics: agriculture;candidate biography;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An attack ad later featured a clip of Abrams making the remarks, and Kemp’s camp called them "brash and condescending." In response to the criticism, Abrams tweeted : "To be clear, my point is that we must continue to diversify our economy and raise wages across the board. Agriculture and hospitality are vital sectors of our economy in Georgia - but we can do more and lead in new sectors as well." She did not ever appear to clarify a statement on "who needs agriculture when you can just get food at the store" because, as best we can tell, she never said it. We rate this post !
Statement: The platform of the Republican Party says deport everybody and to hell with it.
Speaker: gilberto hinojosa
About the speaker: Gilberto Hinojosa, a former elected judge for Cameron County in the Rio Grande Valley, won election as chairman of the Texas Democratic Party in June 2012.
Date: June 26, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview with KERA News
Fact-check justification: Hinojosa said the Republican Party platform "says deport everybody and to hell with it." The heck you say. The Texas GOP platform opposes illegal immigration and any legal status for unauthorized U.S. residents, which leaves deportations a possibility. But the platform doesn’t venture as far as the chairman said. It doesn't call for deporting everybody living here illegally. We rate this  as .
Statement: Says an Internet meme shows people rejoicing over the Paris agreement.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: June 6, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: climate change
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Palin posted a viral image that purportedly shows a group of people clapping as a result of the Paris agreement, presumably about the billions they will earn. Except, it’s not that at all. The photo is of Florida lawmakers elated at the long-awaited close of the 2011 legislative session. The text and photo pairing is . We rate it .
Statement: Since 2000, "the Texas clean air program achieved a 22 percent reduction in ozone and a 46 percent decrease in NOx emissions.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: June 15, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: environment
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Nearly three-quarters comes from other sources. Whether the state gets the credit for those improvements is another issue. Even if TCEQ is responsible for the drop in industrial NOx emissions, federal efforts -- namely vehicle emission regulations -- also have helped lower ozone levels. Significantly, the state's ozone-related programs exist to help Texas comply with federal expectations. We rate Perry's statement as .
Statement: We're spending $12,000 bucks a kid a year in the school system.
Speaker: don mcintire
About the speaker: Don McIntire is a veteran tax activist who lobbies for limited government and limited public spending.
Date: June 26, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: education;taxes
Context: a radio show
Fact-check justification: It would be anywhere from $13,200 (without contingency and ending fund balance) to $14,100 (if those categories are included) to $15,000 (if he is correctly adding education service district costs to the budget). His larger point is that the district, spending roughly $12,000 a student, has enough money to pay for arts and music classes. A higher number just makes his point stronger. Whether any of that is enough for Portland Public Schools to offer art and music instruction without a $35 per-person income tax is not for us to decide. McIntire’s statement is accurate and we rule it .
Statement: Mitt Romney has "proposed cutting his own taxes while raising them on 18 million working families.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 5, 2012
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Ohio
Fact-check justification: Obama claimed Romney’s plan would cut his own taxes while raising them on 18 million working families. The Tax Policy Center found that, indeed, even with a 20 percent rate cut, 18 million people would find themselves in a gap where the rate cut wouldn’t offset the loss of benefits from the Obama tax cuts Romney would let expire. That is, they’d end up paying more (or getting less in refunds) without the expanded child credit, EITC and education credit. Romney has not explicitly said he wants those tax cuts to end, but his lack of support for extending them means there would be an increase on the 18 million people. Obama's statement is accurate but needs additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Arizona BANS Electronic Voting Machines.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 23, 2023
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;elections;arizona
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video claims that Arizona banned electronic voting machines. What the Legislature wants and what election officials will do are different things. The resolution at the center of this  is considered a statement of the Legislature’s opinion and does not carry the weight of law. Election equipment must be certified under federal and state law requirements, with any changes requiring a bill to be passed and signed by the governor. Hobbs vetoed legislation that would have changed state election laws. We rate this  .  CLARIFICATION, June 1:  This article was updated to clarify Dominion's stance on open source codes. RELATED: Ask PolitiFact: What is independent state legislature theory, and could it create election chaos?
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton "shows up in Broward County" and had a private meeting with elections supervisor Brenda Snipes.
Speaker: roger stone
About the speaker: Roger Stone is a veteran political consultant usually for Republicans. He was a consultant for the Donald Trump campaign during the summer of 2015. He lives in Fort Lauderdale.
Date: October 26, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: an interview on Alex Jones' radio show
Fact-check justification: Stone said Clinton showed up in Broward County and slipped into a private meeting with elections supervisor Brenda Snipes. Stone was . He heard it third-hand from Trump supporters who  they stumbled across such a meeting. Snipes and a spokeswoman for the Clinton campaign in Florida denied such a meeting took place and we found no  that it did. Days later, Stone admitted he was  but then claimed that Clinton met with elections officials in Palm Beach County. He lacks  for that , too -- and both the elections supervisor and the Clinton campaign deny it. We rate this  ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/edc730e5-7273-47dd-ad0d-cdd1cbcbd9f2
Statement: Under the Baucus bill ... federal funds would subsidize coverage of elective abortions.
Speaker: national right to life committee
About the speaker: The National Right to Life Committee is an advocacy group that seeks to reduce abortions and end the right to legal abortion.
Date: September 16, 2009
Location: national
Topics: abortion;health care
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: But they won't. The added cost will be borne by the people who select plans that include abortion coverage. Those premiums will pay for abortions. We found Rep. John Boehner's  that Democratic plans for health reform would provide federal subsidies for abortion  as it related to the Capps Amendment in a House version of health care reform, and we find it's even more of a stretch in Baucus' plan, which does not even include a public option. And so we rule this  .
Statement: Says the Obama administration purged "training courses and information about Islamism, jihad, Sharia, and the Muslim Brotherhood.
Speaker: scott perry
About the speaker: Republican Scott Perry was elected as the U.S. representative of Pennsylvania's 4th Congressional District (York, Adams and Cumberland counties) in 2013. He earned re-election in 2018, and due to redistricting, now serves the 10th Congressional District (Dauphin, Cumberland and York counties).
Date: November 30, 2017
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: a House committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Perry said the Obama administration purged "training courses and information about Islamism, jihad, Sharia, and the Muslim Brotherhood." The FBI removed nearly 900 training documents containing information that was , imprecise or depicted stereotypes, after a review of 160,000 pages and more than 1,000 videos. The review came after 2011 media reports about training material portraying Muslims stereotypically and prone to violence. Though the FBI did not publicly disclose the material it rescinded, Judicial Watch said that through a lawsuit for information, it found that removed material included references to the Muslim Brotherhood. Perry’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Vladimir Putin "is fleeing the war!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 27, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Contrary to waving a white flag, Putin is becoming more directly involved in the war’s strategic planning, The New York Times reported  Sept. 23, "including rejecting requests from his commanders on the ground that they be allowed to retreat from the vital southern city of Kherson. "  Putin has also recently drafted about 300,000 more reservists to the front lines. News reports have said that people who wouldn’t normally be called up for service are being tapped to fight, angering some Russians. But there’s no sign that Putin is "fleeing the war. "  We rate that  .
Statement: Republicans want to raise the voting to age 28.
Speaker: sunny hostin
About the speaker: Sunny Hostin is a co-host of ABC's "The View" and a senior legal correspondent and analyst for ABC News. Hostin is a former federal prosecutor.
Date: November 14, 2022
Topics: elections
Context: a statement on "The View"
Fact-check justification: Hostin said, "Republicans want to raise the voting to age 28." Hostin did not elaborate on which Republicans want to raise the voting age. ABC pointed to news coverage of a tweet by a conservative radio show personality, who supports raising the voting age to 28.  Although Hostin didn’t single out lawmakers as sharing this view, her broad comments left the  impression of a serious proposal being in the works. We found no such effort beyond the tweet. We rate this statement .  PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this fact-check. RELATED : All of our fact-checks about elections
Statement: The United States is "the only major industrial economy to have its unemployment rate triple" since the coronavirus pandemic began.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: August 18, 2020
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;jobs;coronavirus
Context: a Democratic convention speech
Fact-check justification: Clinton said the United States is "the only major industrial economy to have its unemployment rate triple" since the coronavirus pandemic began. That’s accurate for the broadest comparison — a 20-nation selection of OECD nations between January 2020 and June 2020. The rate in the U.S. was 3.1 times higher in June than in January. Only Canada came close, with the unemployment rate 2.2 times higher over that period. However, extending the U.S. data to July showed that the increase fell slightly below three times, and there are some complications in making cross-country comparisons. We rate the statement . UPDATE, Aug. 20: This article has been updated with additional context about the complications of making cross-country comparisons of unemployment rates. The rating remains the same.
Statement: Bill Gates talked about using vaccines to control population growth" in an "unedited 2010 TED Talk video
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 7, 2021
Topics: environment;children;climate change;energy;health care;population;public health;science;coronavirus
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: "We find that in every country of the world, this is repeated."    A website article claimed that Bill Gates advocated for reducing the global population by using vaccines during a 2010 TedTalk. Gates wasn’t talking about reducing the population through vaccination. He and his former wife Melinda have repeatedly said that child mortality is lowered when families have access to life-saving vaccines and health care, allowing families to choose to have fewer children. We rate this  .
Statement: Almost 1 million children ... have no health insurance in this state.
Speaker: bud chiles
About the speaker: Lawton "Bud" Chiles III is the son of former Florida Gov. Lawton Chiles. He campaigned as an independent candidate for Florida governor in 2010 and withdrew in September, between the primary and general elections, citing a lack of money.
Date: June 3, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: announcing his campaign for governor
Fact-check justification: The Commonwealth Fund study did not attach a raw number like the Families USA and Kaiser surveys, but 18 percent is in the same range as the findings of the other two studies. In his announcement as a candidate for governor, Chiles said that almost 1 million children in Florida don't have health insurance. The most reliable and recent studies put the number at close to 800,000. Chiles uses the word "almost," which gives him some leeway. We rate his statement .
Statement: The Declaration of Independence was written on paper made out of hemp.
Speaker: kai degner
About the speaker: Kai Degner was first elected to the Harrisonburg (Va.) City Council in 2008 and was chosen by his colleagues to be mayor from 2009-10. Degner, a Democrat, ran for the U.S. House of Reprentatives in 2016, challenging longtime Republican incumbent Bob Goodlatte in Virginia's 6th Congressional District. Degner holds a bachelors degree in Integrated Science and Technology and an MBA from James Madison University.
Date: October 17, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: history
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Degner said, "The Declaration of Independence was written on paper made out of hemp." He’s ; the actual, signed version of the Declaration was written on parchment made of animal skin. Degner told us he meant to say that the early drafts of the Declaration were on hemp paper. But even on this, experts are highly skeptical. We rate Degner’s statement .