chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Pat McCrory appointed the 'Republican' judge who sided with Democrats in the partisan Democrat lawsuit/power-grab over redistricting.
Speaker: ted budd
About the speaker: Ted Budd is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives who represents parts of central North Carolina between Greensboro and Charlotte. He joined Congress in 2017.
Date: March 21, 2022
Location: north carolina
Topics: redistricting
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Budd said McCrory appointed "the Republican judge who sided with Democrats in the partisan Democrat lawsuit/power-grab over redistricting." Budd accurately points out that McCrory appointed one of the Superior Court judges involved in a recent redistricting case, and that the judge signed off on congressional districts that are expected to elect more Democrats than previous maps would have. However, Budd’s tweet excludes so many key details that it could give readers an  impression about the case and McCrory’s appointee. When the redistricting case came before the Superior Court panel that included Shirley, he ruled with his colleagues that the process that led to the GOP-drawn maps didn’t violate the state constitution. In other words, he ruled in favor of Republican legislators. After the state’s highest court ordered legislators to redraw election maps—and for the Superior Court panel to rule on those maps—Shirley rejected one of the Republicans’ redrawn maps. But he wasn’t the only Republican judge to do so—and he didn’t cast a deciding vote. Finally, Budd’s tweet omits the fact that Shirley is currently serving at the will of North Carolina voters. He won an election in 2016, after McCrory appointed him. Budd’s tweet has an element of . But it leaves out a lot of context and could give people the  impression about how the case played out. We rate it .
Statement: Russia and China "absolutely said pretty clearly" they would not keep economic sanctions on Iran if the United States "walked away from the deal.
Speaker: bill o'reilly
About the speaker: Bill O'Reilly hosted The O'Reilly Factor on Fox News until 2017. He formerly worked as a television news reporter and has authored numerous books.
Date: July 27, 2015
Topics: nuclear;punditfact
Context: an interview on "The O'Reilly Factor"
Fact-check justification: O’Reilly said that Russia and China "absolutely said pretty clearly" they would not keep economic sanctions on Iran if the United States "walked away from the deal." Russia and China certainly have given signals that they both wanted sanctions against Iran removed. Both Russia and China have a history of ignoring sanctions that have been placed on Iran. Experts say that if the United States, one of the strongest supporters of these sanctions, had abandoned the deal, then it is likely that China, Russia and possibly other countries would have disregarded these sanctions. O'Reilly is pushing the envelope when he said "absolutely" clear, as they haven't issued formal statements. But all of their actions indicate that what O'Reilly said is substantially accurate. We rate his  .
Statement: Schuyler VanValkenburg co-sponsored a bill that would have "allowed abortion until the moment of birth.
Speaker: gaydonna vandergriff
About the speaker: GayDonna Vandergriff is the 2019 Repubican candidate for the 72nd District House of Delgates seat in Henrico County. She's challenging incumbent Democrat Schuyler VanValkenburg.
Vandergriff has a B.A. in business administration from West Virginia State University, and an MBA from Viirginia Commonwealth University. She's held various jobs in marketing and was a professor at Strayer University. She's been a volunteer with PTAs, Henrico County libraries, and the Richmond metorpoltan Boys & Girls Club.
Date: October 22, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: abortion;voting record
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification:   Vandergriff says VanValkenburg co-sponsored a bill that would have "allowed abortion until the moment of birth."  She’s referring to a bill, introduced in January 2019. Vandergriff’s  is  because third-trimester abortions were already protected by federal law and allowed in Virginia in extremely rare conditions when three doctors certify that pregnancy will "likely" kill the mother, or "substantially and irremediably" impair her mental or physical health. The bill - which VanValkenburg did co-sponsor, would not have created an unconditioned right to a third-trimester abortion, as Vandergriff suggests. It would have loosened the requirements for getting one by allowing one doctor to certify the abortion is necessary to protect the mother’s life or health. We rate Vandergriff’s statement .
Statement: Colorado Governor Jared Polis has just signed into law a bill legalizing abortions through all nine months, up until the moment of birth.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 5, 2022
Location: colorado
Topics: abortion
Context: a photo on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A screenshot of a tweet shared on Facebook claimed: "Colorado Governor Jared Polis has just signed into law a bill legalizing abortions through all nine months, up until the moment of birth." Colorado’s new law codifies existing protections around an individual’s right to use or refuse contraceptives, continue with a pregnancy and give birth, or to have an abortion. Abortions that occur later in a pregnancy — at 21 weeks gestation or later — are rare. We rate this  .
Statement: Twitter reaches only 15 percent of the population.
Speaker: mark cuban
About the speaker: Businessman Mark Cuban, also an investor and philanthropist, owns the Dallas Mavericks NBA basketball team.
Date: June 30, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: pop culture;technology
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cuban said: "Twitter reaches only 15 percent of the population." A 2016 survey and more recent Twitter metrics suggest that around 21 percent of U.S. residents at least peek at tweets. Cuban’s larger point--that most of us are not Twitter-locked--holds up. We rate the  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: In Wisconsin, "6.2 percent of the population is black yet 24 percent of all state abortions are on African-Americans.
Speaker: pro-life wisconsin
About the speaker: Pro-Life Wisconsin is a group that advocates for a ban on abortion. It was founded in 1992.
Date: November 29, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: abortion
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The group accurately stated cited census and abortion numbers. But it used an approach that takes in the entire African-American population, not just women between age 15 and 44 -- the approach used by federal and Wisconsin authorities. By that measure, the actual disparity is smaller than what Pro-Life Wisconsin claimed. The group’s  also leaves out important details -- namely, that socioeconomic factors, rather than race, have been identified as key contributors to the higher abortion rate among black women. We rate the statement .
Statement: President Trump continues to disrespect patriotic transgender Americans who want to serve their country.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: June 26, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: race and ethnicity;military
Context: a public forum
Fact-check justification: Lambda Legal is a nonprofit legal organization: "Lambda Legal is the oldest and largest national legal organization whose mission is to achieve full recognition of the civil rights of lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, transgender people and everyone living with HIV through impact litigation, education and public policy work," according to its mission statement .    Our rating Tammy Baldwin told a Human Rights group that "President Trump continues to disrespect patriotic transgender Americans who want to serve their country." There are ample reports that the administration is continuing its attempts to bar transgender individuals from the military, including updating and adjusting its policy as court rulings roll in. Having said that, it’s important to note that the issue is still winding its way through the courts, so a ban is not in place at this time. We rate the  .
Statement: Says "the jurisdictions with the strictest gun control laws, almost without exception … have the highest crime rates and the highest murder rates.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: January 7, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: guns
Context: an interview on PBS
Fact-check justification: Cruz said that "almost without exception," locales with the tightest gun laws have the highest crime and murder rates. This point might hold for some places. However, we found multiple exceptions -- among cities, states and nations -- making this  .
Statement: The amount of the revenue required by the state (for the construction of high-speed rail) is around 10 percent.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: November 8, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: stimulus;transportation
Context: an Orlando rail conference
Fact-check justification: The federal government to date has pledged $2.05 billion to the line compared to $280 million from the state. That puts the state on the hook for about 12 percent of the costs so far. But there is still a $325 million or so hole that needs to be filled. Depending on how the state, the federal government and possibly the private sector split that cost, the state's share could increase, or decrease. Until those checks are written, we think it's appropriate to rate this  .
Statement: The brutal fact is, when it comes to education, America is slipping" behind other nations.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: January 9, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: education
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: McDonnell said that "when it comes to educating our young people, America is slipping" in worldwide rankings. The international test results he referred to have been administered every three years since 2000. There’s a tiny element of  to McDonnell’s : America’s math standing dipped last decade when compared with other nations in the OECD. But even that overlooks the fact that U.S. math scores, after a mid-decade drop, rebounded in 2009, when the last test results were published. And when all countries that took the exam in 2009 are considered, the U.S. ranked in the top half in math for the first time. McDonnell ignored critical facts that paint a different picture of America’s performance. During the last decade, the U.S. edged up in the rankings on reading and remained at the 50th percentile in science among OECD nations.    "Slipping" implies lower scores and rankings. That’s not the case. The U.S. has never ranked near the top in education test scores and, with a possible exception for math, has not lost ground to other countries. We rate McDonnell’s  .
Statement: Says Erv Nelson voted "yes on the pro-amnesty SJR 21, a bill urging Congress to provide citizenship for those residing illegally in our country.
Speaker: victoria seaman
About the speaker: Victoria Seaman is a Republican Assemblywoman in Nevada. She's running for a state Senate seat in 2016.
Date: March 24, 2016
Location: nevada
Topics: immigration
Context: campaign literature distributed at a candidate forum
Fact-check justification: Seaman says Nelson voted "yes on the pro-amnesty SJR 21, a bill urging Congress to provide citizenship for those residing illegally in our country." To be clear, the "bill" was actually a resolution that holds no teeth. It calls for a pathway to citizenship for people not legally in the country. But it's too vague to blankly say it falls under the "amnesty" umbrella, and just doesn’t mean much in the grand scheme of the immigration debate. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Kobe Bryant and his daughter, Gianna, were both born Aug. 23.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 27, 2020
Topics: fake news;sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: She was born May 1, 2006. "Happy 13th birthday my Gigi! I love you beyond measure baby #teen #daddysgirl #tauro #mambacita ," Bryant posted on Instagram , May 1, 2019. Both father and daughter died the same day, but they were not both born on Aug. 23. We rate the post .
Statement: The FEMA health care workers replacing the noncompliant nurses and doctors are NOT required to get vaccinated via the CDC.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 18, 2021
Location: national
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Jaclyn Rothenberg, director of public affairs at FEMA, confirmed that the agency’s employees are not replacing recently dismissed unvaccinated doctors and nurses in the first place, and called claims stating otherwise "unequivocally ."    "We work closely with each state to identify resource requirements to fight COVID-19 based on their needs," Rothenberg wrote in an email.   She said that FEMA, in partnership with the departments of Health and Human Services, Veterans Affairs, and Defense, has deployed medical staff at the request of states to alleviate some of the pandemic-induced stress on health care systems. "These deployed medical staff abide by the vaccination and other preventive measures requirements established by the receiving facility," Rothenberg added. We rate this post .
Statement: We're 48th in K-12 funding and 50th in higher education.
Speaker: nan rich
About the speaker: Nan Rich won a seat on the Broward County Commission in 2016. She served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000-2004 and then was elected to the Florida Senate. She served as leader of the Senate Democratic Caucus 2010-2012 and then was term limited. Rich lost a Democratic primary for governor in 2014.
Date: September 11, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a "Tampa Tribune" blog
Fact-check justification: Rich said, "We’re 48th in K-12 funding and 50th in higher education." There are lots of different valid ways to measure education funding. One way is to compare how much money a state provides for education per pupil, and by that measure Florida ranked 48th according to the Census. That’s a valid way to look at the numbers because it was in the context of Rich criticizing the governor who signs the state budget. However, it’s one of several ways to measure school spending. For higher education spending, the National Education Association ranked Florida 50th for state and local expenditures in 2009-10. But other more recent analysis we reviewed showed Florida higher than 50th. One measure showed Florida ahead of about 20 states. We rate this  .
Statement: The form students fill out to get college financial aid is "longer than the form to get U.S. citizenship.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: October 11, 2007
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: Manchester, N.H
Fact-check justification: Nope. By our count, Form N-400 from the Department of Homeland Security has 110 questions (first and last name count as one, not two). And though it doesn't include worksheets like FAFSA, it has its share of complicated questions. It's no easy task to document every trip of 24 hours or more outside the United States in the past five years. At a score of 110-102, we rule Richardson's statement .
Statement: Says former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said that "if the workers are more insecure, that's very healthy for the society" because "they'll serve the masters gladly and passively.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 18, 2014
Location: national
Topics: economy;labor;workers
Context: a meme on social media
Fact-check justification: The meme says Greenspan said that "if the workers are more insecure, that's very healthy for the society" because "they'll serve the masters gladly and passively." Those words actually come from a sarcastic critique of Greenspan’s words by Noam Chomsky, not from Greenspan himself. We rate the  .
Statement: Says that when Democrats controlled Congress and the White House, federal spending as a share of the Gross Domestic Product leapt from 18.2 percent in 2001 to 25.2 percent in 2009 -- the largest such increase in any eight-year period since World War II.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: August 21, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: debt;economy;federal budget;voting record
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Cornyn said that when Democrats controlled Congress and the White House, federal spending as a share of the GDP leapt from 18.2 percent in 2001 to 25.2 percent in 2009 -- the largest such increase in any eight-year period since World War II. Those percentages and the  to a post-war record are correct. However, Democrats were in control of Congress solely in the last few years of the period and held the presidency for only eight of the 108 cited months. All told, Cornyn’s  has the math right but errs significantly by laying all the blame on Democrats. We rate it .
Statement: Says Tri-Rail shows the potential problems with investing in high-speed rail.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: February 27, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: state budget;stimulus;transportation
Context: an interview with CNN
Fact-check justification: If Scott were on a crusade to end public subsidies for all forms of transportation, that would be one thing. Transportation systems -- including roads, buses, ports and trains -- more than not require government help. But Scott is trying to isolate the problem to trains when citing Tri-Rail's revenue problems as a reason for nixing high-speed rail in Central Florida. It may be a convenient talking point, but the two systems are hardly alike. In the end, high-speed fail might fail and the projections for ridership might be too rosy. But people shouldn't use Tri-Rail as  any more than they should cite any other form of mass transit. We rate this  .
Statement: Photo shows "Biden's inaugural stage being built on the White House North Lawn.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 23, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The National Park Service has also issued a permit for the construction of the inaugural facilities in Lafayette Square, which includes the stand where the new president watches the parade and a media riser, the Washington Post reported.   But the image that’s being shared on Facebook doesn’t show Biden’s inaugural stage being built, as posts .   We rate them . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Since the Fed was created in 1913, "the U.S. Dollar has lost 98% of its purchasing power.
Speaker: virginia tea party patriots
About the speaker: Virginia Tea Party Patriots is a statewide tea party federation of local Tea Party groups.
Date: November 15, 2010
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;financial regulation;income
Context: a letter to Congress
Fact-check justification: Using the Consumer Price index, as many economists recommend, we find the dollar fell by 95 percent since 1913. So the Tea Party, despite its disputed methods, wound up with a figure that’s in the ballpark. But in bemoaning the drop in value of a dollar, the Tea Party omits a huge mitigating factor: salaries have grown enormously since 1913 and consumers have more to spend. If the Fed’s historic handling of inflation is to be blamed for the drop in the dollar, it must be credited for the rise in wages. We rate the  .
Statement: ANTIFA is now carrying chain saws, and cutting down utility poles, and starting more fires.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 13, 2020
Location: oregon
Topics: fires;facebook fact-checks
Context: a text post
Fact-check justification: All  points to a mix of weather, downed power lines and fires set by people trying to enjoy the outdoors during the coronavirus pandemic. "Many of the fires currently burning in Oregon are still under investigation, so I don’t have confirmation of cause," said Joy Krawczyk, a public affairs manager for the Oregon Department of Forestry. "That being said, I haven’t seen or heard anything that indicates that the statewide wildfires we’re battling are the result of a coordinated, politically-driven arson campaign." The Facebook post is . We rate it .