chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Seventy-three percent of our veterans are graduating from drug courts. By contrast, I think most of the people in the very good drug court program — the graduation rate's like 53, 55 percent. The point of that is that drug courts are working for veterans.
Speaker: eric greitens
About the speaker: Eric Greitens, a combat veteran who served in Afghanistan and Iraq, founded The Mission Continues, a Missouri-based non-profit that helps returning veterans. He won his race for Missouri governor as a Republican in 2016. He resigned on May 29, 2018 after he was charged with felony computer tampering and faced allegations related to an extramarital affair.
Date: August 13, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: health care;legal issues;public health;veterans
Context: a Facebook live video
Fact-check justification: Greitens said, "73 percent of our veterans are graduating from drug courts. By contrast, I think most of the people in the very good drug court program — the graduation rate’s like 53, 55 percent. The point of that is that drug courts are working for veterans." While the overall numbers are small, Greitens is correct that in 2016, 73 percent of veterans successfully completed treatment court. Over the same time period, the overall graduation rate from adult treatment court was 52 percent, officials say. However, officials also pointed out that the two programs are not identical, which makes comparing them imprecise. In addition, while graduation rate is one measurement of success, it’s not the only one, and as Riggert noted, veteran treatment courts are so new that no data on recidivism rates have been collected. We rate Greitens’  .
Statement: Says 3,000 people "did not die" in two hurricanes that hit Puerto Rico. That death toll estimate was "done by Democrats.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 13, 2018
Location: national
Topics: health care;natural disasters ;weather
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: Trump tweeted that 3,000 people did not die in two hurricanes that hit Puerto Rico and that the death toll estimate was "done by Democrats." Trump tried to cast doubt on an estimate by George Washington University that includes indirect deaths. Studies by other academics or researchers have also concluded that the number of deaths was above 1,000. The death toll provided by the government in Puerto Rico did rise after the storm from 16 to 64 in the months following the storm. The government then hired George Washington University to research an estimate and several months later it produced a report estimate 2,975 deaths. None of that is  of an estimate created by a Democratic conspiracy to make Trump look bad. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says "new estimates from the Congressional Budget Office conclude the final price-tag" for the health care law "will exceed $2 trillion — more than double what was initially reported.
Speaker: frank lobiondo
About the speaker: Frank LoBiondo is a Repubilcan congressman from New Jersey. He represents the state's 2nd district.
Date: March 19, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: health care
Context: a letter to the editor
Fact-check justification: LoBiondo said "new estimates from the Congressional Budget Office conclude the final price-tag" for the health care law "will exceed $2 trillion — more than double what was initially reported." CBO recently projected the gross cost of insurance coverage provisions in the law at $1.762 trillion from 2012 to 2022. In 2010, the agency estimated the gross cost at $938 billion from 2010 to 2019. It’s  to compare those two figures since they represent different years. When comparing the years included in both estimates -- 2012 to 2019 -- it’s clear the cost did not double. It increased by 8.6 percent. And during the same time, the net cost of the law decreased. We rate this  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says Dontre Hamilton, who was killed during a confrontation with a Milwaukee police officer, was "unarmed.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: February 11, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;crime;public health;public safety;urban
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: But only a fraction of law enforcement agencies provide such data to the FBI, and the agencies that file the reports change from year to year, complicating comparisons.    Conservative Michael Medved , a nationally syndicated radio talk show host, said: "More whites than blacks are victims of deadly police shootings." That earned a  from our partners at PunditFact. In absolute terms, the  was accurate. But when comparing death rates, blacks are about three times more likely than whites to die in a confrontation with police.
Statement: Says city of Portland has a one-time $22 million surplus
Speaker: sam adams
About the speaker: Sam Adams is the mayor of Portland. Before that he was a city commissioner and , for 11 years, was chief of staff to then-Mayor Vera Katz.
Date: February 8, 2011
Location: oregon
Context: his blog
Fact-check justification: how that all is going to shake out," Kaufmann added. "I think that the point that the mayor was making was demonstrating to city residents how Portland was being fiscally responsible and fairly fiscally conservative since he was elected, even before he was sworn in." That may be , but if it’s too early in the budget process to know how the one-time funding is going to shake out, it seems to us that it’s also too early to be trumpeting a surplus at all -- let alone a pretty optimistic one of $22 million. We rate Adams’  that Portland has a one-time surplus of $22 million as  -- the statement is partially , but it leaves out some pretty important details. Comment on this item.
Statement: In New Mexico, Democratic gubernatorial candidate Diane Denish "spent federal stimulus funds on campaign Christmas cards.
Speaker: susana martinez
About the speaker: Susana Martinez is current governor of New Mexico. The former district attorney defeated Democratic Lt. Gov. Diane Denish in 2010 for a four year term in office.
 
Date: July 22, 2010
Location: national
Topics: ethics;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: We should remind readers that there were many allegations in the original Watchdog report that came with bigger pricetags, but we aren't ruling on them in this item. Haussamen noted one case in which Denish decided to reimburse her state office after he published  that some of the stimulus funds had been spent on putting out political news releases. All told, we think the documentation makes clear that Denish spent federal stimulus funds to prepare Christmas cards, and the canceled campaign check justifies the ad calling them "campaign Christmas cards." Even so, our experts agreed that these actions would have produced a monetary loss so small that they would be unlikely to trigger anything beyond a warning and a request for repayment, if that. So we rate the ad .
Statement: Ninety percent of the people who work in this country work for companies under 100 people, maybe even less than that.
Speaker: bill pascrell
About the speaker: Bill Pascrell is Democratic member of the House of Representatives from New Jersey.
Date: March 3, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs;small business
Context: a video posted on YouTube
Fact-check justification: In a Feb. 23 debate with Congressman Steve Rothman, Pascrell claimed: "Ninety percent of the people who work in this country work for companies under 100 people, maybe even less than that." But according to the U.S. Census Bureau, businesses with fewer than 100 employees employed about 35 percent of American workers in 2009. A spokesman for Pascrell acknowledged that the congressman misspoke. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: North Korea has a "substantial standing army, one of the largest, certainly the largest per capita, in the world.
Speaker: jack reed
About the speaker: Jack Reed, a former attorney and army officer, is Rhode Island's senior. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1991 until 1996, when he was elected to the U.S. Senate.
Date: April 7, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: congress;military;nuclear;population
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: U.S. Sen. Jack Reed, D-R.I., said, of North Korea: "They have a substantial standing army, one of the largest, certainly the largest per capita, in the world." Numerous publicly available documents support his . We rate it  .
Statement: Says Christopher Little has "a history of working against environmental protection by defending the worst types of corporate polluters
Speaker: edwin pacheco
About the speaker: Edwin Pacheco is chairman of Rhode Island's Democratic party.  Pacheco, who represented Burrillville for six years in the House of Representatives, is executive director of the Providence-based nonprofit group Education in Action.
Date: October 4, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: environment;candidate biography;elections;legal issues
Context: a press release from the Rhode Island Democratic Party
Fact-check justification: But Little’s representation of the company had nothing to do with that case. He was correct when he said a Little client had been fined for a spill in Massachusetts. But again, Little’s representation of the company had nothing to do with that spill. Bottom line: None of the cases Pacheco cites supports his attack on Little. We rate his statement .
Statement: Three hundred sixty thousand Pennsylvanians fought on the side of the Union to defeat the flag, that Confederate flag, including more Black soldiers coming from Pennsylvania than any other state in the nation.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 9, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;pennsylvania
Context: Dunmore, Pa
Fact-check justification: Biden said that 360,000 Pennsylvanians fought for the Union Army during the Civil War and that more of the army’s Black soldiers hailed from Pennsylvania than any other state. Those statistics both check out. But Biden failed to explain the distinction between the number of Black Union soldiers who hailed from Union free states where slavery was illegal, the number who hailed from Union states where slavery was legal, and the number who hailed from Confederate states whose economies revolved around enslaving people.  We rate Biden’s statement .
Statement: ...Over 30 years, federal spending on education has grown by 375 percent, but test scores remain flat.
Speaker: dave brat
About the speaker: Dave Brat represents Virginia's 7th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was first elected to the seat in 2014 after pulling of a stunning upset of Majority Leader Eric Cantor in a Republican Primary. He is active in the Freedom Caucus, a conservative wing of Republican congressmen.
Prior to Congress, Brat was chairman of the business and economics department at Randolph-Macon College. 
Brat, a midwestern native, has obtained a Masters in Divinity from Princeton Theological Seminary and a Ph.D. in economics from American University. He began teaching at Randolph-Macon in 1996.
Brat served two Governors on the Joint Advisory Board of Economists. He was president of the Virginia Association of Economists.
Date: February 16, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: education;federal budget
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Brat says that "over 30 years, federal spending on education has grown by 375 percent, but test scores remain flat." The inflation-adjusted figure Brat uses to describe what he sees as runaway federal spending on education over 30 years is overblown. You can only get near a 375 percent increase if you start in 1970 and end in 2010, when U.S. school funding was nearly doubled with stimulus money and stood at an all-time high of $73.3 billion. Uncle Sam spent $40.8 billion on public schools last year. When you divide that by enrollment, it comes to $816 a student. Adjusted for inflation, that’s a 117 percent increase in federal spending per student over 30 years ago. That said, the increase in per-student spending is still significant and Brat has valid point on the test results. Average NAEP scores for 17-year-olds have  budged during the last 30 years of testing. So we rate the totality of Brat’s statement .
Statement: Women still earn about 77 cents for every dollar a man earns for working the same job.
Speaker: terry mcauliffe
About the speaker: Terry McAuliffe, a Democrat, was elected governor of Virginia on Nov. 5, 2013. He received 47.8 percent of the vote in defeating Republican Ken Cuccinelli, who came in at 45.2 percent. Robert Sarvis, a Libertarian, finished a distant third with 6.5 percent.
McAuliffe's inaguration as Virginia's 72nd governor is scheduled on Jan. 11, 2014.
McAuliffe, a wealthy businessman and noted political fundraiser, was co-chairman of President Bill Clinton's 1996 reelection campaign. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2001 to 2005 and chairman of Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2008. In 2009, McAuliffe unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Virginia governor.
McAuliffe was born in Syracuse, N.Y., on Feb. 9, 1957. He has a bachelor's degree from The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., and a law degree from Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, D.C. McAuliffe has lived in Fairfax County for more than 20 years, is married and has five children.
 
Date: June 18, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: jobs;women;workers
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: By saying women earn 77 percent of what men earn for "working the same job," McAuliffe took a valid figure and blew it out of proportion. Contrary to McAuliffe’s assertion, the 77-percent figure is not a comparison of the earnings of women doing the same jobs as men. It is a broad comparison of the median annual pay for men and women regardless of occupation. It does not factor in that men tend to chose higher paying professions than women and work more hours. We rate McAuliffe’s statement .
Statement: Alkaline foods" can heal the body of cancer.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 26, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: UC San Diego Health nutrition expert Traci Roberts said on the university’s website that the lungs and kidneys are largely responsible for controlling the pH levels of our blood. What that all means is that while the diet can improve your overall health, and even help lower your cancer risk — it encourages healthy eating like consuming more vegetables and fruits, drinking lots of water and cutting back sugar, alcohol, meat and processed foods — it won’t heal your body of cancer, as the post claims.     There’s no one diet or food that can cure cancer, according to MD Anderson. But what you eat can affect how you feel with or without a cancer diagnosis.   We rate the  that an alkaline diet can cure cancer .
Statement: Says video shows Kyle Rittenhouse, the 17-year-old charged with killing two protesters in Kenosha, "was trying to get away from them" ... "fell, and then they violently attacked him.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 31, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;guns
Context: Media briefing
Fact-check justification: Trump said a video shows Rittenhouse "was trying to get away from" protesters"  and "fell, and then they violently attacked him." Rittenhouse did fall as a crowd followed him, but Trump’s comments leave an incendiary and  picture: By the time he fell, according to criminal charges, Rittenhouse had already shot and killed one person that night.  We rate the  .
Statement: In Chicago, which has the toughest gun laws in the United States, probably you could say by far, they have more gun violence than any other city.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 19, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: crime;guns
Context: the third presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Donald Trump said, "In Chicago, which has the toughest gun laws in the United States, probably you could say by far, they have more gun violence than any other city." Chicago once had very tough regulations against guns, but they’ve been considerably watered down after the Supreme Court ruled that cities can’t ban handguns. Additionally, the state at one time didn’t allow concealed carry, and now it does. Its rules for allowing concealed carry are more relaxed than in California or New York -- states that allow local jurisdictions to regulate concealed carry within their boundaries. Nor are penalties for violating gun laws in Illinois the toughest in the United States. Mandatory minimum sentences make New York state’s laws tougher than those in Illinois. Trump’s statement contains an element of  -- Chicago leads the nation for number of gun-related crimes this year -- but it ignores the fact that a U.S. Supreme Court decision and a change in state law brought Chicago in line with other cities on handgun rules. We rate this statement .
Statement: American schools are "more segregated than they were in the 1960s.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: June 23, 2015
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;education
Context: Florissant, Mo
Fact-check justification: Hillary Clinton said, "In America today, our schools are more segregated than they were in the 1960s." Overall, experts say and the data shows that the United States has taken two steps forward and one step back, but hasn’t quite reverted to pre-Civil Rights levels of segregation. Clinton would have been more accurate setting her time frame a little later. But she has a strong point that the country has fallen back from the high levels of diversity that existed from the 1970s to the early 1990s. On the whole, we rate her statement .
Statement: Health care reform legislation is "likely to mandate free 'sex change' surgeries.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 4, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The release may have a point that Mikulski’s comment could open the door to "medically necessary" coverage which conceivably may include sex-change operations. But it's unclear whether her amendment will remain in the legislation, and there's nothing specific in the legislation on sex-change procedures and nothing else solid that indicates such coverage will be provided. The news release cherry-picked a few fleeting references to “gender” and “sexual orientation” in completely unrelated contexts to argue that proposed health care legislation would mandate free sex-change surgeries (and allow them for illegal aliens, no less). To us, these bits of  are wholly unpersuasive. We find the  .
Statement: Says Texas has "11 different felonies you can commit with an oyster.
Speaker: scott henson
About the speaker: Scott Henson, an Austin writer, is the founder of the Grits for Breakfast blog devoted to criminal justice policy and politics. He writes: "The problems facing the criminal justice system are enormous, and we need unfettered, creative thinking to identify solutions that can work for everybody and keep us safe and free."
Date: February 25, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: criminal justice;food safety;crime
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Henson said there are 11 Texas felonies one can commit with an oyster. He could have said 16, according to the state’s breakdown of felony offenses, though Parks & Wildlife suggests such  oyster-related crimes break down to seven distinct offenses. Significantly, too, these felony charges are rare. No one can even face one without having previously been convicted of at least one related misdemeanor. We rate this  as .
Statement: Gov. Crist's veto also clears the way for taxpayer funding of abortion in Florida.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: June 11, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: abortion
Context: a campaign press release
Fact-check justification: That was the case before Crist vetoed the Florida bill. And it's  after. Abortion foes argue the federal rules are little more than an accounting trick, that if federal subsidies go to someone who chooses a plan that covers abortion, it's the same as taxpayer-funded abortion. But we think it's  to call it taxpayer-funded abortion when the law requires abortions be paid solely through a portion of the premiums (not tax dollars) paid by people who choose a plan that covers abortions. We rule Rubio's statement .