chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Under H.R. 1, the Federal Election Commission "for the first time ever, instead of being an equal number of Republicans and Democrats (would be) three of one side and two of the other.
Speaker: roy blunt
About the speaker: Roy Blunt is the junior U.S. senator from Missouri. He was formerly a U.S. representative from Missouri’s 7th district, and served for six years as the Republican whip in that chamber.
Date: March 21, 2021
Location: missouri
Topics: campaign finance
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Blunt said that under  H.R. 1, the FEC "for the first time ever, instead of being an equal number of Republicans and Democrats (would be) three of one side and two of the other." H.R. 1 would reduce the number of FEC commissioners from six to five. But the bill says that "no more than two" of the five members "may be affiliated with the same political party." The fifth member would be unaffiliated with either of the two major parties. So Blunt’s  of a 3-2 split cannot come to fruition.  However, it’s worth pointing out that assuring that the fifth member will truly be independent requires some trust. If a fifth member did make it through the vetting process but later showed partisan leanings, the newly five-member commission could for the first time in its history enforce policy without bipartisan support. We rate the statement .
Statement: A video shows Joe Biden speaking slowly and slurring on the Fourth of July.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 4, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Lyu said: "The time-stretching algorithm is widely used to change the playback speech of audio, but it tries to keep the original pitch in the sound while slowing down the tempo, so that the slowed sound would not sound like slowing down a vinyl record." "In my opinion," Lyu said, "there is no doubt that the Facebook version of the video is a slowed-down version of the original PBS video. "  It’s the same technique that was used to slow down a speech by House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to make it appear like she was slurring in 2019, he said.    We then rated claims that Pelosi was slurring during her speech .   This post gets the same rating: .
Statement: An email from Hillary Clinton to Donna Brazile Oct.17th, 2016 stated: "If that f-----' bastard wins, we're all going to hang from nooses! You better fix this s---!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 28, 2019
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Victurus Libertas also wrote, without , that Clinton singled out Brazile during her rant. Our search of news articles did not reveal any  that Clinton sent a profanity-laced tirade to Brazile after the forum. We searched WikiLeaks’ Hillary Clinton email archive and found nothing about nooses. The post makes a   about Clinton’s emails that isn’t supported by any proof. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Jimmy Kimmel, Jimmy Fallon and Stephen Colbert are "still not doing Biden jokes.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 25, 2021
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "It was Inauguration Day here in the U.S.A. Joseph Rapunzel Biden is our 46th president," Kimmel said. (Biden’s middle name is actually Robinette). We rate this Facebook post . UPDATE, March 31, 10:15 a.m.: After publication of this article, Kimmel's spokesperson emailed us to point out that Kimmel's show was on hiatus during the week that Biden fell while boarding Air Force One. We have updated the article to reflect that.
Statement: The only reason the unemployment rate is going down is because … twice as many people dropped out of the employment pool as the number of jobs were created.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: December 5, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;workers
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Gingrich would have been correct if he’d simply challenged the White House’s spin by reminding voters that the big drop in the unemployment rate came not just from the jobs created in the previous month but also from workers who left the labor force. However, he overplayed his hand by arguing that "the only reason the unemployment rate is going down" is because of labor force shrinkage. It was by no means the only reason. There were thousands of jobs created too. Gingrich also erred by using the  survey in his numerical comparison. (We feel for him: Until Burtless straightened us out, we had thought Gingrich had reported the numbers accurately.) Using the appropriate survey data, the decline in the unemployment rate stemmed in roughly equal parts from job creation and a shrinking labor force. He can't put the blame "only" on people who stopped looking for work. So we rate his statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/736a198d-c5ed-4d2e-80ae-5aa7ada93f14
Statement: Finally, a judge has ruled Dominion voting machines were designed to create fraud.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 18, 2021
Location: michigan
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It was discredited by Michigan election officials and the former head of certification at the U.S. Election Assistance Commission, the federal agency that certified the voting system used in Antrim County.   Circuit Court Judge Kevin Elsenheimer in December ordered that the report be released. But he made no ruling about any alleged fraud. An official hand audit performed by a bipartisan group of election officials confirmed what Antrim County had already certified, that Trump had won the county, even as he lost Michigan to Joe Biden. We rate the post .
Statement: In early voting in Miami-Dade County, "there is a trickle of two or three people a day at a very high cost to keep those public libraries and polls open.
Speaker: miguel diaz de la portilla
About the speaker: Miguel Diaz de la Portilla, is a Republican state senator, representing District 36 in Miami-Dade County. He was elected to the Senate in 2010. He is a former Miami-Dade County Commissioner.
Date: April 15, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: a Senate Rules Committee meeting
Fact-check justification: ''I think we'll go to Aventura,'' voter Craig Hooten, 41, told a Miami Herald reporter on that date, after noting an hour and 45-minute line at the Aventura City Hall early voting site. While there have been cases of early voter turnout falling below the double-digit mark, those instances were related to inclement weather. Overall, early voting in Miami-Dade County has experienced steady growth each election cycle, with some sites processing more than 3,000 voters. Based on the figures provided to us by the Miami-Dade elections department, we have not come across any cases of just "two or three voters" showing up to an early voting site, as Diaz de la Portilla claimed. We rate this  .
Statement: Georgia spends fewer tourism advertising dollars than any other state in the South.
Speaker: ron stephens
About the speaker: Ron Stephens, a Republican, is a member of the Georgia House of Representatives. A pharmacist, Stephens was first sworn into office in 1997 and lives in Savannah.
Date: August 6, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: state budget;tourism
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: Our ruling: Stephens said that Georgia’s state government spends fewer tourism advertising dollars than any other in the South. He was right in the metrics that matter most: per capita spending, and spending as a percentage of state budget. In dollars, Stephens was close. Only Kentucky spends less. Stephens earns a .
Statement: Forty-five percent of doctors "say they'll quit" if health care reform passes.
Speaker: glenn beck
About the speaker: Glenn Beck is the host of The Glenn Beck Program, a nationally syndicated talk-radio show. He also hosts an Internet-based TV show. Beck formerly hosted a television talk show on CNN Headline News and then Fox News.
Date: October 12, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;pundits
Context: a statement on his Fox News Channel program
Fact-check justification: The survey didn't say 45 percent would quit; it said they would consider quitting, which is considerably different. Moreover, polling experts have raised significant questions about the poll's methodology. Of special concern are the combination of the heavy mention of IBD 's name and questions that experts said appeared to be seeking answers critical of health reform. We'd like to see an independent poll assessing doctors' views of health care reform, but neither the findings from the IBD survey nor those from the Keyhani-Federman study are fully persuasive to us. We rate Beck's statement .
Statement: When Sen. Edwards ran in 2004, he wasn't for universal health care. I'm glad he is now.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: November 15, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: At a debate a few months later, moderator Tim Russert charged Edwards with changing his position. "That's  and so has America," Edwards responded. "I proposed universal health care for children at that point, and what is clear from this presidential campaign is I was the first presidential candidate — others have followed me now, and that's a good thing, good thing for America — but I was the first presidential candidate to lay out a specific, truly universal health care plan. And the one thing I can
tell you ... anybody who knows me knows I will never give up." Edwards did release his plan before Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton, but Dennis Kucinich released a proposal for universal health care before Edwards.
Statement: I have a record on the environment of creating green energy ... taking trash and turning it into cash.
Speaker: vernon jones
About the speaker: Vernon Jones is a Democrat running to represent Georgia's 4th Congressional District.
Date: June 3, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: environment
Context: a candidate forum
Fact-check justification: It has collected $3.9 million in revenue in that time span, with an estimated $2.1 million on the way in the next two years. Most business ventures have start-up costs, and DeKalb had some in this project. The revenue is on pace to soon exceed the start-up costs and expenses. DeKalb is, Jones said, converting "trash into cash." We rate this  as .
Statement: Says a proposed change to Illinois' gambling law would result in "lower taxes paid to the state and higher taxes paid" to Chicago from a city casino so that the total amount would be the same, but the city would get to "keep more of it.
Speaker: dave syverson
About the speaker: Dave Syverson is a Republican from Rockford represents the 35th Senate District in the Illinois General Assembly.
Date: November 17, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: gambling
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Speaking about a proposal to change the tax structure for a future Chicago casino, Syverson said the plan would lower taxes paid by the casino to the state and increase the taxes it pays to the city so that the overall amount would be the same but Chicago would "keep more of it." That doesn’t entirely square with the language of the bill. As he said, it would have reduced tax revenue for the state — but it also would have lowered taxes paid to the city. Syverson conceded that last point in response to our inquiry. We rate his  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: ISIS supporter tweeted at 10:34 a.m. Shooting began at 10:45 a.m." in Chattanooga, Tenn.
Speaker: pamela geller
About the speaker: Pamela Geller is an activist who co-founded Stop Islamization of America, also known as the American Freedom Defense Initiative, a far-right group. In February 2015, Geller's group hosted a "Draw the Prophet" event in Garland, Texas, during which two shooters tried to ambush the event but were killed. 
Date: July 16, 2015
Topics: technology;terrorism;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Geller claimed that an ISIS supporter tweeted ahead of the Chattanooga shooting. The  gained a lot of traction before it became clear that the tweet happened a few hours after the shooting. Geller updated the original post, but it did little to stuff the rumor back into the bag. We rate the  .
Statement: Obamacare "is not a popular law.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: November 9, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;government regulation;polls and public opinion
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Those findings track polls taken throughout 2016 -- unfavorable or disapprove leads favorable or approve. Similarly, the majority in a September 2016 poll say the law is working somewhat or very poorly. But it’s worth noting that in one October 2016 poll, favorable and unfavorable tied. And in two polls, expanding or keeping the law as-is was favored by more people than repealing it or scaling it back. Overall, Ryan’s statement is accurate, but needs more information – our definition of . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/1eeb5445-8689-49d1-97a0-300a30fa3225
Statement: When Social Security first started, there was 16 workers for every retiree. Today there are three workers for every retiree and soon there will be only two for every retiree.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: August 23, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: social security
Context: a speech at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Fact-check justification: In some ways, it illustrates the main problem with Social Security -- more and more money is going out in benefits and less and less money is coming in through payroll taxes. Rubio said, "When Social Security first started, there were 16 workers for every retiree. Today there are three workers for every retiree and soon there will be only two for every retiree." The official numbers from the Social Security Administration back him up. We rate this  .
Statement: One-third of Floridians own guns. One-third.
Speaker: joy reid
About the speaker: Joy Reid is the host of MSNBC's The Reid Report.
Date: February 14, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Reid said, "One-third of Floridians own guns." Reid’s  is accurate based on a 2015 survey that showed that 32.5 percent of Floridians owned guns 2013. However, experts said that the national survey data was not meant to represent the state level. Having said that, experts agreed there hasn’t been any good research on state ownership levels since the early 2000s when it was around 25 percent in Florida. Reid’s number seems to be in the ballpark, but it’s important for people to know there is some uncertainty. We rate her statement .
Statement: More (student-athletes) graduate than the students who aren't student-athletes.
Speaker: mark emmert
About the speaker: Mark Emmert is president of the NCAA.
Date: August 10, 2014
Topics: education;sports;punditfact
Context: comments on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Emmert said, "more (student-athletes) graduate than the students who aren’t student-athletes." Experts, the government and the NCAA don’t agree on how this data should be calculated. But the best and most recent measurement we have for drawing a comparison shows that the graduation rate among Division I student-athletes is about the same as the general student body, though it is higher for Division II and Division II. But the graduation rates are not the same across all sports, divisions, schools or demographics, so a group with a particularly good or bad graduation rate could skew the overall results. Because the data is inconclusive, we rate this  .
Statement: Spike protein goes to nucleus and impairs DNA repair.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 4, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Blog posts  that a recent paper shows  that the spike protein on the COVID-19 virus can cause DNA damage, raising concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety. The study, however, contradicts findings from previous studies that were also conducted on isolated cells in a lab environment. Until their results are replicated in human studies, this has limited bearing on COVID-19 vaccines. We rate the  .
Statement: If you don't buy cigarettes at your local supermarket, your grocery bill won't go up a dime. The same is true of the sugary drink tax. If passed, you can avoid paying the tax by not buying sugary drinks.
Speaker: philadelphia daily news
About the speaker: Philadelphia newspaper.
Date: April 14, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: taxes
Context: In an editorial
Fact-check justification: These are all grocery items that people buy every day at the grocery store or the supermarket." Our Ruling In an editorial supporting the soda tax and condemning the use of the phrase grocery tax, the  Daily News  wrote Philadelphians would avoid the tax by not purchasing sugary beverages. , experts and studies say it’s possible a sugary drinks tax on distributors could lead to some rising prices elsewhere. But there’s not enough data and there’s also a chance those who don’t buy sugary drinks will bear some of the cost of the tax.    We rule the  .
Statement: The head of the IRS ordered 24,000 emails erased before Congress could review them, making sure the American people will never know the real truth.
Speaker: john fleming
About the speaker: John Fleming is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from a district in Louisiana. He was elected to Congress in 2008.
Date: September 12, 2016
Location: national
Topics: congress;technology;transparency;taxes
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Fleming said, "The head of the IRS ordered 24,000 emails erased before Congress could review them, making sure the American people will never know the real ." Emails were erased, and up to 24,000 are likely unrecoverable. However, there’s zero  that the head of the IRS ordered them destroyed. Multiple independent investigations confirmed that the erasure was accidental and not intended to obstruct information from Congress. Fleming’s ad says the opposite. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Barack Obama's health care law "will be the biggest job-killer ever.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: March 26, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: economy;health care;jobs
Context: a "Fox and Friends" interview
Fact-check justification: Analyzing the truthfulness of predictions is tricky business in which we normally prefer not to delve. But the job-killing  is widely spread, and does not carry proof. Scott’s spokesman said this is a prediction based on anecdotal conversations with business owners. We say it’s not one steeped in credible, independent  -- it’s more like a scare tactic. We rule this  .
Statement: Tennessee court rules "taxpayer-funded establishments can place signs that say 'No Jews allowed.'
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 17, 2022
Location: tennessee
Topics: religion
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The post  what judges said when they dismissed a lawsuit by a Jewish couple denied services by a Christian adoption agency because of their faith. The lawsuit challenged a 2020 state law that provides legal protections for private religious foster placement or adoption agencies that receive state funding and choose not to provide services to people who don’t share their faith. The court did not rule on the law’s constitutionality or merits, or say "no Jews allowed" signs are permitted if the establishment’s services were available elsewhere. The judges said the plaintiffs lacked standing to sue on several grounds, including that the lawsuit was moot because the couple had since received services from the state and fostered a child, and that the agency’s contract with the state did not apply to out-of-state children. We rate this  .
Statement: Democrats "introduced a bill that would ban detaining gay illegal immigrants.
Speaker: will cain
About the speaker: Will Cain is co-host of "Fox & Friends Weekend" on Fox News. He was previously an on-air personality at ESPN, where he hosted "The Will Cain Show" on radio and was a regular panelist on "First Take," a morning talk show.
Date: April 24, 2023
Topics: immigration;congress;lgbtq
Context: a Fox News segment
Fact-check justification: Cain said Democrats "introduced a bill that would ban detaining gay illegal immigrants." S. 1208, sponsored by a Democrat, sets standards that the federal government must meet to detain "vulnerable persons.’" This classification includes LGBTQ+ immigrants, but doesn’t outright "ban" their detention.  LGBTQ+ people who are flight risks or threats to the community can still be detained — but it would be up to immigration officials to prove that they meet that detention threshold. We rate Cain’s  .