chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says "Danny Tarkanian … wants to defund Planned Parenthood and would outlaw a woman's right to choose, even in cases of rape or incest.
Speaker: jacky rosen
About the speaker: Jacky Rosen is a Henderson synagogue leader and the Democratic candidate in Nevada's 3rd Congressional District.
Date: July 20, 2016
Location: nevada
Topics: abortion
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Rosen said Tarkanian "wants to defund Planned Parenthood and would outlaw a woman's right to choose, even in cases of rape or incest." Tarkanian is ardently pro-life and has consistently said on multiple occasions he’d support defunding Planned Parenthood and only supports allowing abortion access if continuing the pregnancy would threaten the mother’s life. This statement is accurate, so we rate it as .
Statement: We have been losing to China for many years, $500 billion a year.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 27, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: china;deficit;trade
Context: a rally
Fact-check justification: Our rating At a rally in Green Bay, Trump said "We have been losing to China for many years, $500 billion a year." While it’s  the U.S. has faced a trade deficit with China for many years, the president’s use of the $500 billion figure is an overreach. To be sure, Trump’s repeated use of the figure is getting closer -- mainly because the trade gap is growing. But it’s still off. We rate the  .
Statement: Says ExxonMobil "fought to kill" a rule requiring oil and mining companies to disclose payments made to foreign governments.
Speaker: sherrod brown
About the speaker: Sherrod Brown is a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Ohio. He won his first elected office to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1974. He later served as Ohio secretary of state and was elected to Congress in 1992. He first joined the U.S. Senate in 2007.
Date: February 2, 2017
Topics: global news service;energy;foreign policy;transparency
Context: a Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: Brown said ExxonMobil fought to kill a rule requiring oil and mining companies to disclose payments made to governments. Former ExxonMobil CEO Tillerson personally lobbied against the measure before it became law, and the company continued to oppose it as recently as March 2016. ExxonMobil preferred a different reporting regime, rather than no reporting at all, but its opposition was steadfast. We rate the  .
Statement: 95 percent of teachers and principals are not implicated in the [Atlanta Public Schools cheating scandal] report at all.
Speaker: shirley franklin
About the speaker: Shirley Franklin is former mayor of Atlanta.
Date: July 9, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: But the impression she gives -- that if you put the cheating in perspective, only a small percent of the district is tainted -- ignores crucial context. More than half of the district’s middle and elementary school principals were implicated, and cheating took place at nearly two-thirds of APS schools. These percentages may be lower than the  number of cheaters. Franklin cherry-picked a number that supported her point, leaving out important details and taking things out of context. Her  therefore meets PolitiFact’s definition of .
Statement: Joe Straus is the "first Jewish speaker of the" Texas House.
Speaker: john oliver
About the speaker: John Oliver is the host of "Last Week Tonight" on HBO. Previously he was a correspondent for Comedy Central's "The Daily Show."
Date: February 3, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: religion
Context: an episode of The Daily Show
Fact-check justification: We rate Oliver’s statement as . CORRECTION , 12:30 p.m., Feb. 12, 2011: The story below has been amended to remove a description of a 19th century speaker of the Texas House as the sole Jewish member of the Texas Legislature until the 1970s. That’s . After he served as House speaker, however, David Kaufman was the only Jewish Texan to serve in the U.S. Congress until the 1970s, according to the Handbook of Texas Online.
Statement: Barack Obama's middle name is Mohammed and he's a "covert" Muslim.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: January 11, 2008
Location: national
Topics: religion
Fact-check justification: This  seems contradictory at best. Earlier this year, Obama spokeman Robert Gibbs said, "To be clear, Senator Obama has never been a Muslim, was not raised a Muslim, and is a committed Christian who attends the United Church of Christ in Chicago. "
We find this  to be so  we give it our  rating. UPDATE: Barack Obama resigned from Trinity United Church of Christ on May 31, 2008, after church pastor Jeremiah A. Wright Jr. made controversial remarks about U.S. foreign policy and other matters. Obama said he intends to join another church after the election.
Statement: Says Joe Biden said, "the Germans bombed Pearl Harbor.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 29, 2019
Topics: candidate biography;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: OK, so Joe was not as worked up as John Belushi in his famous "Animal House" speech. ("Nothing is over until we decide it is! Was it over when the Germans bombed Pearl Harbor? (Expletive) no!") We rate this Facebook post !
Statement: A New York imam wants to "have a mosque at Ground Zero.''
Speaker: rick lazio
About the speaker: Rick Lazio is a former congressman from New York. He sought the Republican nomination for governor of that state in 2010, losing in the primary to businessman Carl Paladino. Lazio is also known for being Hillary Clinton’s opponent in her first U.S. Senate campaign in 2000.
Date: August 17, 2010
Location: national
Topics: homeland security;patriotism;religion
Context: Fox News "Hannity" program
Fact-check justification: Again, we realize many politicians and media figures are using the phrase the "Ground Zero Mosque" -- or as Lazio did, "a mosque at Ground Zero" -- as shorthand to describe the controversial project. It's nearby -- close enough to carry symbolic value to those who oppose it, and even to those proposing the project. But we think those characterizations often give the misimpression that the project is either on the old World Trade Center site or immediately next to it. And that's not right. And so we rate the  .
Statement: Even Richard Nixon released his tax returns to the public when he was running for president ...
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: August 13, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: transparency;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Kaine said, "Even Richard Nixon released his tax returns to the public when he was running for president ..." Nixon never released his tax returns during a presidential campaign. But there is a kernel of  in Kaine’s statement. Nixon released his full returns when he already was president, to quell controversy over his taxes. Also while running in 1968, he allowed a reporter to examine his returns, but beyond that limited circumstance, there’s no record that Nixon opened his tax forms to the general public. While Kaine’s statement has an element of , it ignores facts that would create a different impression. We rate his statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/e5913d6f-75bb-4d4e-bb5b-c112a9635685
Statement: The national debt of $16 trillion, is "enough to buy both the Cleveland Indians and Cincinnati Reds 1,918 times.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: September 6, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: debt;federal budget;sports
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: But Portman's point was that $16 trillion is a whopping amount of money, and on that count he is accurate Whether it matches the value of the two baseball franchises 1,918 times or 19,184 times, it’s still a whopping amount of money. Correcting the math error only makes that point more forcefully. Another way to look at it is he was correct in saying that you could, theoretically, buy the Indians and the Reds 1,980 times with $16 trillion -- but you'd still have $14.3 trillion left to play with. That’s additional information that provides clarification. On the -O-Meter, his  rates .
Statement: We're borrowing money from China and Saudi Arabia "to finance this war" in Iraq.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 13, 2008
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: Cape Girardeau, Mo
Fact-check justification: Obama could have easily said that Japan or the United Kingdom is lending us money to pay for the war, and that would have been just as  as what he did say. So Obama is correct in his point that the government is spending borrowed money, and that some of our lenders include China and Saudi Arabia. But the lenders also include countries that we think of as friends and allies. By naming only lending nations that might alarm voters, Obama is distorting the picture somewhat. So for this reason, we find his statement .
Statement: We've seen funding increases for schools. We haven't seen a corresponding performance increase.
Speaker: parker briden
About the speaker: Parker Briden is the press secretary for Missouri Gov. Eric Greitens, a Republican.
Date: November 13, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a St. Louis Post-Dispatch article
Fact-check justification: Parker Briden, the governor’s press secretary, said, "We’ve seen funding increases for schools. We haven’t seen a corresponding performance increase." While state funding has increased, it’s not keeping up with inflation. Meanwhile, student scores on the MAP test have increased. The results of a national test are mixed, not down, and in any case are outdated. We rate this statement .
Statement: 60% of new COVID-19 patients are people who received the vaccine.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 22, 2021
Location: national
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: viral image on Instagram
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post credits a Yale professor as saying that out of the new COVID-19 cases, 60% are patients who have had the vaccine. The CDC reported that as of April 20, only 7,157 breakthrough cases have been reported out of 87 million fully vaccinated people. That’s 0.008% of the vaccinated population.  Studies show that the mRNA vaccines are 80% effective after one dose, and 90% effective after two doses.  We rate this Instagram  !
Statement: South Korea sprays rioters with dye so they can be identified & arrested later.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 29, 2020
Topics: human rights;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post reads, "South Korea sprays rioters with dye so they can be identified & arrested later." South Korea used dye to mark protesters in the past, but stopped using dye cannons in 2015. We rate this post . ​
Statement: To say a family has to buy a product from a private company is clearly beyond the delegated powers of the U.S. Constitution.
Speaker: john oxendine
About the speaker: Georgia Insurance Commissioner John Oxendine is running for governor in 2010.
Date: July 11, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: a televised debate on Fox 5
Fact-check justification: Many will purchase it from private companies. Some people, however, don't have to buy it or will get it from the government. People who are required to buy it, but hate the thought of doing so, can pay a tax penalty that will likely cost them less than insurance. But the constitutionality of the law is far from settled, and Oxendine's statement that Congress "clearly" overstepped its authority is premature. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton was "let off the hook" for her email scandal while Gen. David Petraeus had his life "destroyed for doing far, far less.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 13, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;criminal justice;homeland security;foreign policy;government regulation;military;technology;transparency
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said Clinton was "let off the hook" for her email scandal "while other lives, including General Petraeus and many others, have been destroyed for doing far, far less." The director of the FBI director, the man who has intimate knowledge of both cases, has repeatedly insisted under oath that the reverse is . Petraeus’ case was worse because he intentionally passed a large amount of classified information to an unauthorized person and then lied about it to the FBI. We rate Trump's statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/e7a8b46e-fe2d-4fa1-b976-cedce2031a88
Statement: The nine-day deer hunt contributes more than $1.3 billion in revenue to the state of Wisconsin.
Speaker: robin vos
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Robin Vos, R-Rochester, has represented western Racine County in the state Assembly since 2004. In November 2012, he was elected Assembly speaker. Vos previously served on the Racine County Board of Supervisors, from 1994 to 2004.
Date: November 22, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;sports;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Vos misfires a bit because the figure actually applies to all deer hunting, not just the gun season. But it’s hard to say by how much, and accounting for inflation brings his  in line. The statement needs clarification because he’s talking about more than just direct spending by hunters. But Vos’s  was stated broadly, so, like the statistician in the old joke, he is close enough to warrant a shout of "We got him!" We rate his  .
Statement: I have had the challenge during this administration to suspend no less than 37 public officials in about 36 months.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: January 27, 2010
Location: florida
Context: Associated Press' annual legislative meeting
Fact-check justification: Crist told reporters he has had to "suspend no less than 37 public officials" since taking office in 2007. He's just about right on. The number actually includes people Crist removed from office, a more severe punishment than suspension. And the final number includes the suspensions of eight public notaries -- not what most people think of when they hear "public official." Crist gets points off for both, and from PolitiFact, a rating of .
Statement: Based on current trends, "15.5 million girls will be married in the next 16 years as children.
Speaker: emma watson
About the speaker: Emma Watson is a British actress and Goodwill Ambassador for UN Women.
Date: September 20, 2014
Topics: women;punditfact
Context: a speech at the UN
Fact-check justification: Watson said that at current rates, 15.5 million girls would be married as children in the next 16 years. Watson probably meant to say that 16 years from now, 15.5 million girls per year would be married as children. However, the estimate we found from the source cited by UN Women is a bit less than Watson said -- 15.1 rather than 15.5 million by 2030. The annual number masks two underlying trends. First, in some developing countries, the age of marriage is rising even if it remains below the threshold age of 18. Second and more important, the incidence of child marriage is falling. It just isn’t falling as quickly as the population of young girls is increasing. Watson severely undercounts the sheer number of young marriages that will take place between now and 2030. Based on current trends, there would be not just another 15 million, but another 125 million on top of that, a figure that would have bolstered her case. But either way, the statistic ignores that the incidence of child marriage is falling. On balance, Watson's  is partly accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: The Arizona forensic audit found over 17,000 duplicates of votes.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 26, 2021
Location: arizona
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Our ruling  Facebook posts  that "the Arizona forensic audit found over 17,000 duplicates of votes." This is factually . The highly contested audit found 17,000 images of "duplicate" ballot envelopes. Duplicate ballot envelopes are created when election officials contact voters with inconsistent or blank signatures to cure their signatures.   We rate the  .
Statement: House Republicans "weren't part of the negotiations" on the Wall Street bailout plan.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: September 26, 2008
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Oxford, Miss
Fact-check justification: But later that day, as Congressional Quarterly reported, Boehner's tone had moderated. "The speaker and I have worked together to try and craft a bipartisan plan that will pass the House," he said. On its face, McCain's remark clearly is not accurate because Republicans were part of the discussion. But we'll give McCain a few points because it also is clear that Republicans didn't feel fully involved in negotiations because they expressed their frusration by killing the plan proposed by Bush. We'll rate it .
Statement: Obama said he would "stand with the Muslims should the political winds shift in an ugly direction.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: May 19, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;civil rights;religion
Context: an e-mail message
Fact-check justification: Also, the e-mail says Obama would "stand with the Muslims should the political winds shift in an ugly direction," implying he made a statement to that effect. But it's clear in reading the text that the words actually represent a question Obama is being asked by his audiences: "they need specific assurances ... that I will stand with them should the political winds shift in an ugly direction." Though Obama doesn't say so explicitly, he gives the impression his answer is yes. The e-mail distorts Obama's quote and misrepresents who he was talking about, lumping together an entire religion when he was talking to two groups of people in the context of discrimination. It's a significant alteration to the meaning of what Obama said, and we find it to be .
Statement: Marco Rubio "has the No. 1 absentee record in the United States" Senate.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 3, 2016
Location: national
Topics: voting record
Context: a GOP debate hosted by Fox
Fact-check justification: Trump said Rubio has "the No. 1 absentee record in the United States" Senate. He’s accurate if we look at the number of votes missed this past year. In that time frame, Rubio has missed a higher percentage of votes than any other senator, including those running against him. If we look at career truancy records among the remaining presidential contenders, Rubio and Cruz are tied at 14.8 percent absentee rates. Some former senators have had worse records, including Obama. We rate Trump’s  .