chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: McCain "still thinks it's okay when women don't earn equal pay for equal work.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: August 26, 2008
Location: national
Topics: legal issues
Context: a speech at the Democratic National Convention
Fact-check justification: Here's what McCain said then: "I don't believe that this would do anything to help the rights of women except maybe help trial lawyers and others in that profession." It's a stretch for Clinton to argue that McCain thinks it's acceptable for women not to get equal pay for equal work, when McCain has said the exact opposite. He doesn't support a specific piece of legislation that could make wage-discrimination suits more painful to employers. It's an important bill, it's the most significant equal-pay issue under consideration right now and there's probably a fair way to phrase this attack and make it stick. But opposing that bill is not the same as thinking it's okay if women don't get equal pay for equal work, so we rate the  .
Statement: Undocumented drivers "have protections that US citizens don't receive under Green light bill.
Speaker: michael kearns
About the speaker: Michael Kearns is county clerk in Erie County, New York. He is a registered Democrat but ran with Republican support. 
Date: June 17, 2019
Location: new york
Topics: immigration
Context: a Tweet
Fact-check justification: Kearns said that undocumented immigrants receive protections under the Green Light law that are not afforded to U.S. citizens.  Under the law, if an immigration enforcement agency obtains a court order or judicial warrant to secure information about a driver, the DMV must notify the driver within three days. This notification would happen regardless of whether the driver is in the country legally or not.  While this provision may help more undocumented drivers than those drivers with documentation, all are treated equally under this provision.  We rate Kearns’ statement .
Statement: Says "Joseph Stalin said if you want to bring America down you, have to undermine three things: our spiritual life, our patriotism and our morality.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: February 13, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a GOP debate on CBS
Fact-check justification: Carson quoted Stalin as saying, "If you want to bring America down, you have to undermine three things: our spiritual life, our patriotism and our morality." All signs point to this being a  quote that has made its way around the Internet. We rate Carson’s  .
Statement: Says top Clinton advisers "were pressing" birther movement stories "very hard.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: obama birth certificate
Context: a presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Clinton insiders pushed the rumor that Obama was not born in America. His first example, Doyle, actually was involved in firing a county level volunteer coordinator who spread the rumor that Obama was a Muslim. The president’s religion might overlap thematically, but it is distinct from rumors about his birthplace. Trump’s focus on Blumenthal lacks solid . Blumenthal denies the allegation and the man who made it says he has no written proof. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/92a47423-d419-497c-800a-ea34cf90ecf1
Statement: We don't have bridges being built" in the United States.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 27, 2011
Location: national
Topics: infrastructure
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: Completed last summer at a cost of $614 million, the 2,400-ton bridge span was shipped 136 miles via two barges. This is by no means an exhaustive list, just a sampling. Which is all to say: the U.S. is still in the bridge-building business. So Trump has overreached with his claims. But allowing for the possibility that Trump was exercising a bit of hyperbole to make a point about needing to prioritize infrastructure investment for things like new bridges -- an issue that data suggests is a valid and pressing concern --  we rate Trump's statement .
Statement: We balanced the budget with the 1997 Balanced Budget Act, and ultimately had four consecutive balanced budgets.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: January 26, 2012
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;history
Context: Jacksonville, Fla
Fact-check justification: At the Jacksonville debate, Gingrich was more accurate than he's been in the past and his chronology of the law and the four budgets is correct. But he oversimplifies the causes of the balanced budget. His words are accurate but need additional information, which makes this a . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/47fe4a11-e312-476d-92c4-a6fb4d33a0e2
Statement: Says Governor Cooper has vetoed "every single teacher pay raise we've ever passed.
Speaker: david lewis
About the speaker: David Lewis is a Republican member of the N.C. House of Representatives from Harnett County. He chairs the Rules Committee and the Elections Committee and is a top budget-writer.
Date: November 8, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: education
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: While this is technically accurate, it suggests that Cooper opposes teacher pay raises -- which isn’t . In fact, Cooper vetoed the proposed raises in hopes of securing more money for educators. And his approval of step raises shows he’s not blocking teachers from the money they’re owed. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details that might give the public a different impression of the situation. We rate this  .
Statement: The chairman of the party of Florida, who is an avid and outward supporter of Marco Rubio, gets to appoint 30 of those delegates.
Speaker: corey lewandowski
About the speaker: Corey Lewandowski is a conservative political adviser who worked for Americans for Prosperity in New Hampshire before joining Trump's campaign.
Date: April 17, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: an interview on Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: Lewandowski is  on multiple fronts for his statement that "the chairman of the party of Florida, who is an avid and outward supporter of Marco Rubio, gets to appoint 30 of those (99) delegates." State party chairman Blaise Ingoglia doesn’t get to appoint delegates. However, he gets to recommend 15 delegates to the state party’s executive board, which then takes a vote. So Lewandowski doubled the number and exaggerated Ingoglia’s power. Most of the 99 delegates are chosen by party leaders in congressional districts. Also, Lewandowski has no proof that Ingoglia is an "avid and outward supporter" of Rubio’s presidential bid. Ingoglia donated $1,250 to Rubio when he was a Senate candidate or a senator, but that was years before he ran for president. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/24a8a2c1-25ad-4ff6-bdac-47f2b43b3e0b
Statement: Says Dino Rossi "stripped" health care "from 45,000 children.
Speaker: house majority pac
About the speaker: House Majority PAC is the biggest-spending Democratic super PAC operating in the House landscape.
Date: September 12, 2018
Location: national
Topics: children;health care
Context: campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The ad said Rossi stripped health care from 45,000 children. Rossi wasn’t solely responsible for the move, but he did support it. The 2003 Washington state Senate budget measure he voted for increased administrative hurdles for children seeking Medicaid coverage. Most of the eligible children regained coverage when the rules changed back in 2005. We rate this statement .
Statement: More than any Republican governor in the 2014 elections, "I took a higher percentage of the Republican vote"and "yet I also carried independents by 12 points.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 26, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;elections;states
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: And among independent voters in Wisconsin, Walker led Democratic challenger Mary Burke by 11 points, not 12. For a statement that is accurate but needs clarification, Walker earns a .    To comment on this item, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel’s web page . ------ More on Scott Walker For profiles and stories on Scott Walker and 2016 presidential politics, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's Scott Walker page .
Statement: The US has made strides in reducing carbon emissions that other parts of the world have not.
Speaker: glenn grothman
About the speaker: Republican Glenn Grothman, of the Town of Glenbeulah in Sheboygan County, was first elected to Congress in 2014 after serving 21 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. He represents the 6th Congressional District in east-central Wisconsin that includes all or parts of Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Dodge, Winnebago, Columbia, Green Lake, Marquette and Waushara counties.  
 
Date: February 3, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;energy
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Grothman said "The US has made strides in reducing carbon emissions that other parts of the world have not."  When compared to the world’s other top greenhouse gas emitters, the United States has made progress – its emissions falling 8.2% from 2010 to 2019. While the US is not tops in terms of decreases, Grothman’s  was a relative one. And China and India are among countries that have seen increases, not decreases. For a statement that is accurate with nothing significant missing, our rating is .
Statement: Initial efforts to strip airport contractors of their special diversity status "has no effect" on the contracts or the city's diversity goals.
Speaker: sonji jacobs
About the speaker: Sonji Jacobs is director of communications for the Office of Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed.
Date: August 10, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: race and ethnicity
Fact-check justification: "You cannot be penalized, or treated by the Department as being in noncompliance with this rule, because your DBE participation falls short of your overall goal, unless you have failed to administer your program in good faith," regulations state. Jacobs has it right. If GDOT begins proceedings to revoke the disadvantaged business status of these four businesses, their status will stand until the efforts are finished. And even then, their contracts could remain in effect. We rule Jacobs’ statement .
Statement: Says she was never a  member of the Georgia Log Cabin Republicans.
Speaker: karen handel
About the speaker: Karen Handel is the former secretary of state of Georgia. She is also the former chair of the Fulton County Board of Commissioners. Handel, a Republican, lost the runoff for the GOP nomination for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: June 9, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: lgbtq
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: Handel and her handlers, however, still choose to deny it. This might have rated a  on the -O-Meter. But the complex dance Handel has engaged in over this issue moves it up a notch. Seems the metro Atlanta temperatures aren’t the only thing a bit overheated these days. We give her a .
Statement: American taxpayer dollars provide "free housing, free medical, free state identification" to immigrants in the country illegally.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 23, 2022
Topics: immigration;health care;housing;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed American taxpayer dollars provide "free housing, free medical, free state identification, free college, free daycare, free Social Security, free EBT cards, free month (sic) checks" to immigrants in the country illegally.  In some instances, adults may benefit from assistance granted to their U.S.-born children who meet citizenship requirements. Also, states can set eligibility rules requirements for some programs, which may allow immigrants in the country illegally to apply for that assistance. However, the post makes a sweeping generalization, and immigrants illegally in the country are typically not eligible to receive federal public benefits. The post also gives the impression that only U.S. citizens and others here legally pay taxes. It ignores that some immigrants living in the country illegally also pay taxes. We rate this  .
Statement: What Trump is alleged to have done is actually no different than what Barack Obama did in April last year when he made it known that he didn't want Hillary prosecuted.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: May 17, 2017
Topics: homeland security;legal issues;punditfact
Context: an episode of the "Rush Limbaugh Show"
Fact-check justification: And he made these remarks in an on-camera news interview, during which he made a point to distance himself from the investigation. Trump’s situation is different: In a secret, one-on-one conversation, Trump explicitly told Comey that he hoped the FBI would back off from its Flynn investigation, according to reports. It may not have been an order, nor a clear example of obstruction of justice, but the exchange raises red flags. Limbaugh’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Under Donald Trump's tax plan, "the top 0.1 percent of taxpayers -- people earning multiple millions of dollars a year, on average --  would get more tax relief than the bottom 60 percent of taxpayers combined.
Speaker: jennifer shilling
About the speaker: Jennifer Shilling, a Democrat from La Crosse in western Wisconsin, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2000 and served there until winning election to the state Senate in 2011. Democrats elected her as their Senate leader in 2014.
Date: May 11, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: income;wealth;taxes
Context: a teleconference
Fact-check justification: The bottom 60 percent of taxpayers, meanwhile, would enjoy only 16.4 percent of the cuts. Another tax group found similar figures. Trump has indicated he might make alter his tax proposal, but he hadn’t as of when Shilling made her statement -- so we rate the statement . Watch the WTMJ-TV PolitiFact segment on this fact check . PolitiFact segments air during the 6 p.m. newscasts Wednesdays and Fridays.
Statement: The U.S. chicken and egg shortage is linked to Bill Gates.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 22, 2023
Location: national
Topics: food;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts blame Gates’ investments in plant-based meat alternatives and his status as the nation’s largest private farmland owner for triggering the country’s current chicken and egg shortages. Gates owns less than 1% of the nation’s farmland. He has invested in multiple companies developing artificial or plant-based alternatives to meat, but he supports chicken farming and agricultural development. The current chicken and egg shortages trace mainly to an avian flu outbreak in the U.S. that began in early 2022 and was exacerbated by holiday demand and supply chain problems, the Agriculture Department reported. We rate this  . RELATED: What Bill Gates has to do with livestock, lab-grown meat RELATED: Eggflation? Social media post scrambles the facts on high egg prices
Statement: Marco Rubio's 'red flag' gun confiscation bill" calls for guns to be confiscated "without due process, based on unsubstantiated accusations.
Speaker: national association for gun rights
About the speaker: The National Association for Gun Rights was formed in 2001 as a non-profit advocacy organization designed to educate gun owners about state and federal legislation that affects their gun rights. The group, headquartered in Colorado, says it focuses on organizing grassroots support for gun rights issues and lobbies Congress and state governments. The organization has a political action committee that contributes to candidates.
Date: March 1, 2021
Location: florida
Topics: civil rights;legal issues;government regulation;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The National Association for Gun Rights stated that "Rubio's 'red flag' gun confiscation bill" calls for guns to be confiscated "without due process, based on unsubstantiated accusations." The bill would provide grants to states to enact and implement red flag laws that would allow for courts to order the temporary confiscation of guns from people judged to be a danger to themselves or others because of their gun possession.  In an emergency, based on clear and convincing , a court can order the temporary confiscation of a gun without the person possessing the gun attending a court hearing.  But the bill spells out due process requirements, including sworn testimony and  to be presented at the initial hearing, as well as another hearing that’s open to the respondent to determine if a confiscation order should be extended. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression — our definition of .
Statement: Republicans control the U.S. Senate with 54 seats, but those 54 senators were elected by only two-thirds the number of voters who elected the Democrats. In the Senate, the majority party represents a minority of the people.
Speaker: roy zimmerman
About the speaker: Roy Zimmerman is a singer-songwriter who often writes about political issues, mostly satirizing conservatives and Republicans. His YouTube channel has nearly 20,000 subscribers.
Date: March 13, 2016
Topics: congress;history;pundits;supreme court;punditfact
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: Zimmerman said, "Republicans control the U.S. Senate with 54 seats, but those 54 senators were elected by only two-thirds the number of voters who elected the Democrats. In the Senate, the majority party represents a minority of the people." He's very close on the numbers, but he adds a sour note when he tries to equate the vote totals for the current members of the Senate to the general population. Because the statement is partially accurate but leaves out important context, we rate it .
Statement: Says Mitt Romney's carried interest income was a tax "trick.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 17, 2012
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;message machine 2012;taxes
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The Obama campaign said Romney's use of carried interest is a "trick," but we find that's an exaggeration. "Trick" suggests something nefarious or twisting the tax code in a way that wasn't intended. But we found little to back that up. Using carried interes ist a legal, well-established part of the tax code that can’t be marshaled to dodge taxes by making a few quick mouse clicks on a Cayman Island website. We rate the ad’s  .
Statement: AIDS was transmitted to humans because "one guy" had sex with "a monkey" and then started "having sex with men.
Speaker: stacey campfield
About the speaker: Stacey Campfield represents District 7 -- part of Knox County -- in Tennessee's state Senate.
Date: January 26, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: education;health care;history;lgbtq;public health;sexuality
Context: an interview with Michelangelo Signorile on the Sirius satellite radio show “OutQ.”
Fact-check justification: Campfield is unable to provide any convincing  to back up his  and we could find none. The overwhelming scientific research shows Campfield is . Experts believe HIV entered the human population through so-called "bushmeat" hunting, and, furthermore, that the predominant HIV-1 form has never been shown to be transmitted directly from monkeys to humans. Hahn emphasized, too, that there is zero  to support the cross-species sex Campfield proposes: "It surely wasn’t transmitted through sexual activity (with simians)." We rate the  .