chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Pipe bomber suspect pictured last year with Izzy Hernandez. ... a Democrat Donor/Supporter.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 27, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A viral photo claims that pipe bomb suspect Cesar Sayoc was photographed with a Democratic donor named Izzy Hernandez. We don’t know for sure who the man in the photo is. But his photo resembles those of a man named Israel Hernandez, a former soccer coach who played soccer on the same teams Cesar Sayoc once played on and later became inducted into the North Carolina Soccer Hall of Fame. While it does appear Sayoc is pictured with a man named Israel "Izzy" Hernandez, we don’t find any indication that Hernandez is a Democrat or a donor to Democratic campaigns. We rate this  .
Statement: 39% of All California Students are illegals.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 3, 2018
Location: national
Topics: immigration;education
Context: a meme shared on the Internet
Fact-check justification: The viral image said, "39% of All California Students are illegals." That’s well above the most solid estimates we’ve seen. Perhaps 3 percent of students are themselves undocumented, and 12.3 percent have a parent who is undocumented. We rate the statement .
Statement: The first installment of health care reform ... will raise the deficit by $250 billion.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: October 18, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare
Context: an interview on CBS's Face the Nation
Fact-check justification: Since both sides agree the funding formula should be changed, he said, "Separating it is a reasonable way to do it." Cornyn is right that the Medicare plan would cost nearly $250 billion and that it would add to the deficit because Democrats have not found money to offset it. And we believe he has the license for a little hyperbole that allows him to characterize it as "the first installment" of health care reform. However, it's not the health care reform package that has been under such heated discussion for the past few months and he misleads people by suggesting that it is — and that the reform package would add $250 billion to the deficit. So we find his  .
Statement: The intersection of a rainbow and tornado is called a "tornabow.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 13, 2019
Topics: science;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Rainbows form because different wavelengths of visible light (different colors) are bent at slightly different angles as they pass through water droplets, always resulting in an arc in the sky," he said. "Tornadoes, though powerful, are completely incapable of sucking up light." He pointed us to PrimalUrgeMagazine.com , a website for a former e-publication that called itself a "journal for diverse humans." The image of the so-called "tornabow" is featured, only it’s described as a "Photoshop manipulation" and "digital artwork" by Corey Cowan. We rate this post !
Statement: When Obama was sworn into office, "he DID NOT use the Holy Bible, but instead the Kuran (Their equivalency to our Bible, but very different beliefs).
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: December 19, 2007
Location: national
Topics: obama birth certificate;religion
Fact-check justification: Ellison used a Koran that once belonged to Thomas Jefferson, borrowing the rare book from the Library of Congress. It goes without saying that Ellison is not Obama. And with its intent to inflame, we find the e-mail's allegation not only , but  . UPDATE: Barack Obama resigned from Trinity United Church of Christ on May 31, 2008, after church pastor Jeremiah A. Wright Jr. made controversial remarks about U.S. foreign policy and other matters. Obama said he intends to join another church after the election.
Statement: Says that Lee Fisher once said, "I never met a gun control bill I didn't like.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: June 28, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: crime;guns
Context: a campaign statement
Fact-check justification: Pfeifer added, "It’s tough enough being responsible for the things you did say" in a long political career. "And it’s hell being blamed for something you never did say." Seems fair enough to us. That’s why we find this  . Comment on this item .
Statement: I became a Republican sooner in my life than" Ronald Reagan did in his.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: August 30, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: history
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: The Tribune story says Perry announced he was changing parties on Sept. 29, 1989, during a press conference outside the Texas Capitol. "I intend to vote the same convictions," Perry said then, according to the Tribune. "The only difference is there will be an ‘R’ beside my name." On the day of the press conference, Perry was 39 years old. We rate his statement as .
Statement: Because of voter fraud, Republican candidates "need to do a point or two better" to win statewide elections in Wisconsin.
Speaker: reince priebus
About the speaker: Reince Priebus was the first chief of staff to President Donald Trump, replaced by John Kelly in July 2017. Priebus was previously chairman of the Republican National Committee, a post he assumed in 2011. He is also the former chairman of the Republican Party of Wisconsin. He was an unsuccessful Wisconsin state Senate candidate in 2004. He is a Kenosha, Wis., native and lawyer.
Date: May 30, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city government;elections;crime
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Past reports have highlighted flaws in the city of Milwaukee, including cases of fraudulent votes. But Priebus made a specific numerical  -- that a Republican candidate, to compensate for fraudulent votes, would need to get 1 to 2 percentage points worth of additional votes in order to win a statewide election. Priebus did not provide information that supports the . We rate his statement .    (You can comment on this item on the Journal Sentinel web page .)
Statement: The musical Mamma Mia! has "been selling out for years.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: August 14, 2008
Location: national
Topics: pop culture
Context: Aspen, Colo
Fact-check justification: For example, it sold out its performances the weeks ending Aug. 3 and Aug. 10, selling about 101 percent of its seats (the number exceeds 100 because it includes standing-room tickets). A survey of other weeks in the past year found the show nearly sold out or exceeded capacity. Alfred Branch Jr., news editor of TicketNews, told us that the show is "a virtual sellout most nights." So McCain is right that Mamma Mia has been selling out for years. This  is .
Statement: If you're getting your insurance through (your employer), nothing changes" under Trumpcare.
Speaker: rod blum
About the speaker: Rod Blum represents Iowa's 1st congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Date: May 8, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a town hall meeting with voters
Fact-check justification: Blum said for people who get their insurance through their employer, the American Health Care Act changes nothing. The experts we reached said that there actually is a way that the GOP bill could affect employer plans. States could decide to trim the list of essential health services. Employers could still offer a fuller range of services, but the extra ones wouldn’t be subject to the rules that protect households against massive medical bills. No expert said this was certain to happen. Right now, it is a legal possibility. The end of the employer mandate also changes the rules for large employers, ending penalties for those that don’t offer insurance. But for different reasons, the impact is uncertain. Blum's statement is partially accurate but leaves out important information. We rate it . Correction : A previous version of this story misspelled Dubuque.
Statement: Unions did not create" the eight-hour work day and the 40-hour work week. "Henry Ford did.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 6, 2015
Location: national
Topics: history;jobs;labor
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral image said that Henry Ford, not unions, created the eight-hour work day and the five-day work week. Ford does deserve credit for adopting shorter working shifts, but he was hardly the first employer to do this, and the now-standard working schedule did not become federal law -- and thus a right for all workers -- until almost a quarter-century after Ford’s move. Meanwhile, experts said, unions do deserve credit for keeping the working-hours issue alive, at significant personal sacrifice, for 70 years. The  contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Once every thousand years "your age + your year of birth, every person = 2022.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 10, 2022
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook.) In reality, this phenomenon will happen every day for the rest of the year after your birthday passes in 2022. Because that’s how you calculate your age, no matter what year you’re in or what day it is. This nugget of misinformation has persisted online for several years; versions of it were debunked by Snopes in 2018 and the Australian Associated Press in 2019. We rate the  that this is a once-in-a-millennium phenomenon .
Statement: Says "if the (Iran nuclear) deal gets rejected, they still get" $150 billion.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 16, 2015
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;nuclear
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Trump said of Iran that "if the (nuclear) deal gets rejected, they still get" $150 billion. Experts told us that even if Congress rejected the nuclear deal -- thus maintaining current U.S. sanctions -- other countries could stop enforcing their own sanctions anyway. As a result, Iran would be able to access at least some of its assets that have been frozen under international sanctions. However, experts said it’s highly unlikely that this would amount to $150 billion, the maximum estimate of how much Iran could benefit by the lifting of all international sanctions without regard to Iran’s outstanding financial obligations. Without United States participation, the best estimate we could find was $40 billion. Trump’s  is partially accurate but cherry-picks the high end of estimates for the unfrozen assets. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Abigail Spanberger "wants a tax increase of $32 trillion - that's with a `T,' to pay for her socialist health care plan.
Speaker: dave brat
About the speaker: Dave Brat represents Virginia's 7th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was first elected to the seat in 2014 after pulling of a stunning upset of Majority Leader Eric Cantor in a Republican Primary. He is active in the Freedom Caucus, a conservative wing of Republican congressmen.
Prior to Congress, Brat was chairman of the business and economics department at Randolph-Macon College. 
Brat, a midwestern native, has obtained a Masters in Divinity from Princeton Theological Seminary and a Ph.D. in economics from American University. He began teaching at Randolph-Macon in 1996.
Brat served two Governors on the Joint Advisory Board of Economists. He was president of the Virginia Association of Economists.
Date: October 11, 2018
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Brat offers no  that Spanberger has endorsed Sanders’ plan, and she says she opposes it. On the other hand, Spanberger has repeatedly backed a Medicare X proposal that would allow the government to compete with private insurers. Unlike Sanders’ plan, people would retain choices on where to buy coverage. Brat conveniently has chosen a position for Spanberger that she never took. We rate his statement .
Statement: According to HUD, it is patently unfair and socially unjust that wealthy people can live in an exclusive neighborhood.
Speaker: mike stenhouse
About the speaker: Mike Stenhouse is the chief executive officer of the Rhode Island Center for Freedom and Prosperity, a conservative think tank. A Cranston, R.I., native, he is a former player for the Boston Red Sox, Minnesota Twins and Montreal Expos. Previously, he was executive director of the Ocean State Policy Research Institute. He has an economics degree from Harvard University, served as chairman for the 2010 Rhode Island Clean Slate campaign, and as vice president of the Board of Directors for Rhode Island Special Olympics.
Date: November 14, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: city government;civil rights;housing;government regulation;race and ethnicity;poverty;regulation;urban;wealth
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Mike Stenhouse said "According to HUD, it is patently unfair and socially unjust that wealthy people can live in an exclusive neighborhood." There’s no doubt that HUD has challenged what it considers to be discriminatory practices at the community level, including exclusionary zoning ordinances. But that’s not nearly the same as objecting to the right of wealthy people to live in expensive neighborhoods. We rule Stenhouse’s  .
Statement: The media ... sort of made it sound like I had a feud with the intelligence community.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 21, 2017
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: remarks at the CIA
Fact-check justification: Trump said the media created the appearance that he had a feud with the intelligence community. Trump’s own words undercut that assertion. While he did call himself a "big fan" and respected the service of the members of the intelligence community, he also lashed out on several occasions. He said that intelligence officials had used Nazi-like tactics against him and belittled the agencies as a whole for their  belief that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction. Trump also openly doubted their conclusions during the campaign that Russia was trying to interfere with the presidential election. The press did not invent Trump’s harsh words and dismissive tone. We rate this  .
Statement: Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor tests positive for COVID-19 despite triple vaccination, diligent masking and working from home.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 18, 2022
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says, "Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor tests positive for COVID-19 despite triple vaccination, diligent masking and working from home." The post looks like a screenshot of a Jan. 22 news headline, with a CNBC logo and CNBC reporter Breuninger’s byline. But the headline that appears in the screenshot is not authentic. The Supreme Court has not released any information that says Sotomayor tested positive for COVID-19, and there are no media reports that include that news. We rate this  .
Statement: In almost every other country in the world, artists and musicians are paid when their music is played on the radio. In fact, the only countries besides the U.S. who do not have a radio-performance right are China, Iran and North Korea.
Speaker: kevin russell
About the speaker: Kevin Russell, an Austin musician, leads the Shinyribs band.
Date: October 28, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: china;congress;workers
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Russell said: "In almost every other country in the world, artists and musicians are paid when their music is played on the radio. In fact, the only countries besides the U.S. who do not have a radio-performance right are China, Iran and North Korea." He’s right about the four countries, though more than a dozen smaller countries similarly don’t require performers to be compensated when their singing or playing airs over the radio. It’s also worth noting that  performers who help compose songs or pieces do get compensated for radio play. We rate this statement .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: In every other major industrial country in the world … inflation is higher.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: June 16, 2022
Topics: economy
Context: an interview with the Associated Press
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "In every other major industrial country in the world … inflation is higher." He’s right in one sense but  in another. Every other major industrialized nation has seen inflation spike well above pre-inflation levels. But the United States has seen its inflation rate spike higher than its most direct competitors. We rate the statement .
Statement: Pope Francis cancels the Bible and proposes to create a new book.
Speaker: everyday devotional
About the speaker: Everyday Devotional is a website that says it provides the "latest Christian News Around The World." 
Date: April 9, 2018
Topics: religion;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: If we turned around to retrieve it when we forgot it? If we carried it with us always, even a small pocket version? If we read God’s messages in the Bible like we read messages on the mobile phone?" That sounds like a leader devoted to the Bible. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says he can't release his internal affairs record because there are Attorney General guidelines in place protecting it.
Speaker: samuel demaio
About the speaker: Samuel DeMaio is the acting Newark Police Director.
Date: June 9, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: criminal justice;legal issues;transparency
Context: an interview on FOX 5's "Good Day New York"
Fact-check justification: Let’s review. DeMaio said he can’t release his internal affairs record because there are state Attorney General guidelines protecting it. The state Attorney General’s guidelines describe an internal affairs file as a confidential document, but also lays out specific exceptions to that policy -- one of which technically allows DeMaio to release his file. We rate DeMaio’s statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: President Trump greenlighted Congress to ramp up Clinton investigation.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 10, 2017
Topics: congress;fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: A number of bloggers said President Trump greenlighted Congress to ramp up the Clinton investigation -- and used a video clip of Chaffetz to advance this . But these bloggers have mischaracterized the video. In it, Chaffetz describes a meeting in which Trump offered general words of encouragement and emphasized the importance of Congress’ oversight function, without reference to Clinton, or any specific investigation. At no point in the video does Chaffetz say Trump greenlighted, encouraged or even hinted at the need to ramp up an investigation into Clinton. We rate this statement .