chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Only Reuters" reported that the doctor who detected the omicron variant said its symptoms are "very mild.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 28, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: We also found stories about the mild symptoms Coetzee has documented on many other news sites, including Insider and the Guardian on Nov. 26 and the New York Post and the Telegraph on Nov. 27. Other news organizations also reported on the mild symptoms after this  was posted on Facebook, including CNBC , Fortune , Bloomberg and the Washington Post . We rate the post that said only Reuters reported on the omicron variant’s mild symptoms . CORRECTION:   This story has been updated to correct the spelling of Angelique Coetzee's name.
Statement: Says Democratic challenger Russ Feingold "was the deciding vote on Obamacare.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: May 19, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;health care;public health
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: There is an element of  in Johnson's . Obamacare backers needed 60 yes votes on a crucial vote in the Senate that paved the way for final Senate passage of the health care reform bill. Feingold cast one of those votes.    But to call it the deciding vote is  in that support from Feingold -- unlike some other senators who had to be persuaded to vote yes -- was never in doubt. We rate Johnson's statement .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton voted "for virtually every trade agreement that has cost the workers of this country millions of jobs.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 10, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;jobs;trade
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Sander said Clinton voted "for virtually every trade agreement that has cost the workers of this country millions of jobs." Out of the 10 trade deals Clinton could have voted on, she voted in favor of six and against two. On two other deals (with Peru and Jordan), she didn’t vote but did vouch for them. As for Sanders’ point about subsequent job losses, independent research has shown the impact of NAFTA, for example, to not be significant one way or the other for jobs. Sanders’  is partially accurate and needs additional information. We rate his statement .
Statement: As soon as Chris Christie was governor, he gave tax cuts to millionaires.
Speaker: new jersey education association
About the speaker: The New Jersey Education Association is the state's largest teachers union.
Date: May 4, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: education;state budget;taxes
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: That's not a cut; his veto maintained the status quo. Still, the governor’s veto failed to enact a higher tax rate, meaning a lower rate applies. To some, that’s break enough. We rate the NJEA’s  . To comment on this ruling, go to  NJ.com .
Statement: Says an election clerk in Green Bay refused to allow early voting on the UW-Green Bay campus because she "was afraid it would help Democrats," showing "outrageous partisan bias.
Speaker: our democracy 2020
About the speaker: Our Democracy 2020 is a Madison-based coalition that formed in 2015 to push for voting rights and other government and election reforms.
Date: October 26, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: bipartisanship;city government;education;elections
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Our rating Our Democracy 2020 says Teske refused to allow early voting on the UW-Green Bay campus because she "was afraid it would help Democrats," showing "outrageous partisan bias." Teske did express concern about giving an advantage to Democrats because of her belief that the site would be in area with more voters who support Democrats, and because the site was requested by a Democratic state lawmaker. But Teske also cited other reasons for not supporting the campus site for early voting -- including a lack of funding, a concern for ballot security and a concern for a state law that prohibits offering a satellite site that gives an advantage to any political party. Ultimately, the city decided not to open any satellite sites for early voting for the Nov. 8, 2016 election. For a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details, our rating is .
Statement: Says Joe Biden "voted for the Iraq War, for mass incarceration, and for the Bankruptcy Reform Act while voting against gay marriage, reproductive rights, and school desegregation.
Speaker: justice democrats
About the speaker: Justice Democrats is a political organization that recruits and supports candidates who advance policies that reduce the influence of corporations.
Date: April 25, 2019
Location: national
Topics: abortion;civil rights;education;financial regulation;iraq
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Justice Democrats accused Biden on six points: Voting for the Iraq War, for mass incarceration, and the Bankruptcy Reform Act, "while voting against gay marriage, reproductive rights, and school desegregation." On each, there is a measure of accuracy. Biden’s support for the bankruptcy law has the clearest proof, and the Iraq resolution is a close second. For the others, there are varying degrees of nuance. The crime bills greatly expanded the prison population, but they included other measures that aimed to protect women and offered alternatives to incarceration. Biden’s views on gay marriage changed. He once supported giving states the option to overturn Roe vs. Wade, but then opposed such a move, and his views on abortion affirm a basic right, while allowing for limits. He opposed busing, but favored integration by other means. The Biden record is more mixed than this  would suggest. We rate it .
Statement: Says a video shows drone footage of the killing of Qassem Soleimani.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 9, 2020
Topics: iran;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It was posted on March 25, 2015. As Poynter makes clear in this 2018 story on  war videos , this isn’t the first time video game footage has been misappropriated. In 2017, the Russian Ministry of Defense published a series of photos that supposedly showed collusion between the United States and the Islamic state. But the images were screenshots from the same game that appears in this Facebook post.   We rate it !
Statement: FACT: Less than 1% of the trash in the ocean is from the United States.
Speaker: young america's foundation
About the speaker: Young America’s Foundation is a conservative group that seeks to educate young people about individual freedom, a strong national defense, free enterprise, and traditional values.
Date: January 2, 2020
Topics: environment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In a Facebook post, Young America’s Foundation said, "FACT: Less than 1% of the trash in the ocean is from the United States." This number stems from a peer-reviewed scientific article, but the post’s wording glosses over nuances about the finding. The 1% figure refers to "mismanaged" waste entering the ocean in 2010, and does not take into account the accumulated waste already in the ocean prior to that year.  In addition, the study only looked at the country that immediately held the waste before it entered the ocean. It’s possible that the United States generated an additional volume of plastic waste that ended up in another country before going into the ocean. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: Here in Florida, despite 14 school shootings in eight years, we still have some of the weakest gun laws in the nation.
Speaker: philip levine
About the speaker: Philip Levine lost the August 2018 Democratic primary for Florida governor. In November 2013,  Levine was elected Mayor of Miami Beach and served two terms. Levine is CEO of Royal Media Partners, an exclusive partner of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. 
Date: February 20, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Levine said that "despite 14 school shootings in eight years (in Florida), we still have some of the weakest gun laws in the nation." Levine can count 14 instances in the past eight years where guns were discharged on school grounds. But describing those 14 instances as school shootings is , an expert told us, particularly when compared with, and in the context of, the shooting in Parkland. A group that supports tighter gun restrictions, meanwhile, says that Florida does have weak gun laws. But two dozen states share that same description. We rate this  .
Statement: We won Georgia easily. We won it by hundreds of thousands of votes.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 2, 2021
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: a phone call with Georgia's Secretary of State
Fact-check justification: "I know there are people that are convinced the election was fraught with problems, but the , the actual , the facts tell us a different story," Raffensperger said in December when he recertified the results. Despite claims from Trump and his allies about widespread fraud in the presidential election, state officials who oversee elections have said there’s no credible  to back those allegations. We rate Trump’s baseless  . RELATED : How we know Joe Biden won the 2020 presidential race
Statement: John McCain has seven houses.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 11, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: interview by Obama campaign strategist David Axelrod
Fact-check justification: And their count is off by one; the McCain family actually owns eight. We'll be monitoring this property issue as the campaign goes on. It's possible that there are other properties owned by corporate entities related to the McCains of which we are not aware. As we re-examined this  after confirming the eighth property, we've come to a slightly different conclusion about the  ownership of the homes. Because there is indirect ownership here, though these are clearly the McCains' homes, we rule the statement .
Statement: Says the Department of Homeland Security didn't request any hours of aerial surveillance for the U.S.-Mexico border from the Department of Defense for 2017.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: November 22, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;corrections and updates;homeland security
Context: a letter to Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson
Fact-check justification: Cornyn, Cuellar and Abbott said the federal government didn’t seek any 2017 flight hours to surveil the Texas-Mexico border via Operation Phalanx. Neither Cornyn or Cuellar provided factual documentation for this , which Cuellar otherwise attributed to a Texas official who didn’t respond to our inquiries. Separately when we asked, federal authorities didn’t document a specific request for 2017 surveillance hours. Regardless, the CBP commissioner’s letter to a Defense Department underling, sent before the Texans leveled their , endorsed continued flights over the border, even specifying priority sectors. We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. CLARIFICATION, 4:41 p.m., Jan. 31, 2017: After we posted this fact check, Drew Brandewie of Cornyn’s office emailed to say Cuellar initiated the letter--a characterization echoed by Victoria Glynn, a Cuellar spokeswoman. We then amended our headline and story to make more clear the  wasn’t Cornyn’s alone. These changes didn’t affect our ruling. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/91c159e1-66b1-4738-9598-502444bfe949
Statement: Net immigration from Mexico last year was zero. Fact-check me.
Speaker: martin o'malley
About the speaker: Martin O'Malley is the former governor of Maryland who is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He has also served as the mayor of Baltimore.
Date: November 14, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: Des Moines
Fact-check justification: O’Malley said, "Net immigration from Mexico last year was zero. Fact-check me." Census data from 2010 up to 2013 support O’Malley’s point, as the population of people living in America but born in Mexico fell by about 40,000 since 2010. Experts said this is a strong indication of a prevailing trend. That figure actually rose slightly in 2014 -- though remaining significantly lower than the peak number of Mexican-born Americans in 2007. And the 2014 number had a large enough margin of error that it’s possible there was an actual drop from 2013. Other data, including a rapid decline in apprehensions at the border and changing demographics in Mexico add weight to the conclusion that O’Malley’s point is correct. With a caveat that the measurements aren’t perfect, we rate this statement .
Statement: Mitt Romney is proposing a tax plan "that would give millionaires another tax break and raises taxes on middle class families by up to $2,000 a year.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 1, 2012
Location: national
Topics: message machine 2012;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Obama said Romney is proposing a tax plan "that would give millionaires another tax break and raises taxes on middle class families by up to $2,000 a year." The claims are based on a study by the Tax Policy Center, which used what Romney has said about his tax plan and attempted to calculate outcomes for different groups of taxpayers. The study prioritizes the idea that the plan would be revenue neutral. In that scenario, millionaires lose deductions, but the lower rates would still decrease their tax bill by an average of $87,000. Middle-class taxpayers would see lower tax rates, too, but the loss of exemptions and deductions would hit them harder. People making $200,000 or less a year would see their taxes rise by an average of about $2,000. The study is making the point that Romney’s plan is untenable: to cut rates that much without adding to the deficit, something has to give. It necessarily makes some assumptions, and therefore these conclusions are not definite as long as the details of the plan remain unknown. For that reason, people should be cautious in calling this Romney's plan. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Marilinda Garcia supports "$150 billion in new taxes.
Speaker: gary lambert
About the speaker: Gary Lambert is a former state senator from Nashua N.H. He has owned two small businesses and served in the U.S. Marines for 35 years, retiring as a Colonel. 
Date: August 11, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: economy;taxes
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: Lambert claimed that Garcia supports $150 billion in new taxes. His statement was based on a remark Garcia made about closing tax loopholes that help big corporations. The Office of Management and Budget estimates in fiscal year 2014, companies will receive about $148 billion in tax expenditures. That’s close to the figure Lambert offered, but overall, the statement is  for several reasons. Even if one accepts the premise that Garcia wants to end all tax breaks for corporations, the expenditures she’s referring to would probably be valued at less than $150 billion, unless Garcia also supported ending tax breaks that are available to both companies and individuals. According to her campaign manager, Garcia would not support any increase in the tax burden. Instead, she seeks to eliminate loopholes that benefit special interests while working to lower the overall corporate tax rate. Not only is Lambert’s campaign mailer , but it offers such an astronomically high figure that the  is far-fetched. For these reasons, Lambert’s  earns a rating of .
Statement: The impact of the 2010 federal health care legislation will be "huge" on Georgia.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: December 8, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: a newspaper interview
Fact-check justification: Considering that the precise impact of the legislation on Georgia is yet to be determined, we think it's somewhat early for Deal to say exactly how big the impact will be on state finances. But every indication is that it will be significant. The governor's statement is largely correct but needs clarification. Still, in a financially struggling state where the budget, by law, must be balanced and where Medicaid consumes a significant portion of that budget, the governor makes a valid point. We rate Deal's  as .
Statement: Gina Raimondo "paid 70 million in taxpayer dollars to millionaire hedge fund managers.
Speaker: allan fung
About the speaker: Allan Fung has been mayor of Cranston, R.I. since Jan. 5, 2009. In 2014 he made an unsuccessful run for governor as a Republican. He received his law degree from Suffolk University, worked as a prosecutor for the state attorney general's office, served as a lobbyist for MetLife and served two terms on the Cranston City Council, beginning in 2002. In his 2012 reelection bid, he was unopposed.
Date: October 9, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: candidate biography;corporations;message machine 2014;pensions
Context: a TV commercial
Fact-check justification: A TV commercial for Allan Fung says that Gina Raimondo paid $70 million in taxpayer money to cover fees to hedge fund managers. The commercial incorrectly cites an Aug. 25,  2013 Journal story as its source. But a raft of other Journal stories do give the exact figure -- about $45 million -- as does the website for the General Treasurer’s office. Fung’s campaign now insists that the figure they quoted is not just for fiscal 2013. They’re also assuming an equal amount or more will be paid in fiscal 2014. The commercial doesn’t say that, but that may be reasonable over the longer haul. If the 2014 fees are as much as they were in 2013, the two-year total would easily reach $70 million. (And even though the Fung campaign didn’t mention it, let’s not forget the $16 million paid in hedge fund fees in fiscal 2012 .) But by citing only a 2013 Journal story, the ad implies that the fees were paid only in 2013. Finally, the commercial’s  that Raimondo herself paid taxpayer money to hedge fund managers is  at best. Raimondo has recommended increasing hedge fund investments, but she is not solely responsible for how the state invests its pension fund. The 10-member State Investment Commission, of which she is the chairwoman, makes all decisions. Because the statement is partially accurate but takes things out of context, we rule it  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: The 2016 federal omnibus spending bill "funds illegal immigrants coming in and through your border, right through Phoenix.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 19, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: immigration
Context: Fountain Hills, Ariz.
Fact-check justification: Trump criticized the "omnibus" spending bill passed by Congress and signed by Obama in December, saying it "funds illegal immigrants coming in and through your border, right through Phoenix," among other things. That’s . It actually funds the agency trying to keep people from crossing the border illegally. Trump’s  is wildly . We rate it !
Statement: President Barack Obama "is the first president to keep a dog-trainer on retainer for $102,000 a year at taxpayer expense.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: June 18, 2014
Location: national
Topics: animals;federal budget
Context: a chain email
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling The chain email said that "Obama is the first president to keep a dog trainer on retainer for $102,000 a year at taxpayer expense." The  stitches together a few pieces of accurate information in a way that makes them . A dog trainer, Dawn Sylvia-Stasiewicz, has been associated with Bo, but she was used briefly and was never paid by the administration. Meanwhile, Reggie Love was an Obama aide who earned $102,000, but to the extent that dog handling took any of his time, it was a small fraction of his total duties, and "dog handler" certainly wasn’t his title. We rate this  .