chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The Republican candidate [John Loughlin] has talked about privatizing Social Security ... so we know where he stands on the issue.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: September 23, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: social security
Context: a senior center address
Fact-check justification: Yet that hasn't stopped Cicilline from criss-crossing the state using the accusation to scare elderly voters and win votes. Yes, Loughlin has expressed dissatisfaction with the current program and has publicly supported tinkering with the system to offer a private option. But to our knowledge, the GOP candidate has never advocated for making the program fully private. And he says he has no plans to do so. We rate Cicilline's  .
Statement: Says Kurt Russell said "if the Dems regain power, they have promised to abolish the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th & 6th amendments. Also the Senate, the Electoral College, the Supreme Court, borders, ICE, and more. When do we get to declare them enemies of the state?
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 23, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: The quote has appeared elsewhere, including on this meme website that appears to show Kurt Russell tweeting the  about Democrats. But the handle associated with the apparent account—@kurtru—doesn’t exist. While the actor’s longtime partner, Goldie Hawn, has a verified Twitter account , Russell seems to be absent from the platform. Also absent: Any credible sources supporting the  that Russell suggested that the Democrats, who took control of the U.S. House after the midterms, are enemies of the state. We rate this post !
Statement: Says "right now, we have more military spending than the next 10, 11, 12 countries combined.
Speaker: cory booker
About the speaker: Cory Booker is a senator from New Jersey. He was first elected to the Senate in 2013, making him the first African-American senator from New Jersey and the first African-American elected to the Senate since Barack Obama in 2004. Booker served as mayor of Newark from 2006 until 2013. He has a bachelor's degree in political science and a master’s degree in sociology from Stanford University, an honors degree in United States history from The Queens College as a Rhodes Scholar and a J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and suspended his campaign in January 2020.
Date: February 1, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: federal budget;military
Context: a panel discussion on HBO’s “Real Time with Bill Maher”
Fact-check justification: In a panel discussion on HBO’s "Real Time with Bill Maher," Booker claimed that "right now, we have more military spending than the next 10, 11, 12 countries combined." The mayor’s statement is accurate, according to data from two leading authorities on worldwide military spending. One set of figures shows that, in 2011, military spending by the United States exceeded the combined total of the next 12 highest nations by roughly $40 billion. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says Ron Johnson "voted five times for tax breaks that help companies ship Wisconsin jobs overseas.
Speaker: russ feingold
About the speaker: Russ Feingold served as a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Wisconsin from 1992 until 2010, when he was defeated for re-election. An attorney, he previously served 10 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. Following his Senate defeat, he founded Progressives United, which says it mission is to "stand up to the exploding corporate influence in our political system by organizing and amplifying the voices of those who believe that corporations have too much power." Feingold is running against U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, the man who defeated him, in the 2016 election.
Date: June 14, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Our rating Feingold’s campaign ad said Johnson "voted five times for tax breaks that help companies ship Wisconsin jobs overseas." By voting against the Bring Jobs Home Act, Feingold is correct that Johnson voted against denying deductions associated with moving a business out of the country. But, as the 2014 PolitiFact notes, the law was  symbolic and these aren’t deductions specifically for moving jobs elsewhere, which is how the statement could easily be interpreted. The amendments to the budget resolution on which he voted had no practical effect, experts told us. We rate this  .
Statement: Roy Moore fought for pay increases for politicians while courts had to shut down because of lack of funding.
Speaker: luther strange
About the speaker: Sen. Luther Strange, R-Ala., was appointed to fill the U.S. Senate seat vacated by Jeff Sessions, now the attorney general. 
Date: August 29, 2017
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;state budget
Context: a campaign website
Fact-check justification: The Strange campaign said, "Roy Moore fought for pay increases for politicians while courts had to shut down because of lack of funding." Of the two pay raises at issue, Moore only needed to approve one. The notion that he needed to fight for these raises is undercut by the fact that nearly half of Alabama state government employees got raises that year. In any event, experts we spoke to unanimously agreed the two pay raise recipients were not "politicians." To the extent that Alabama courts experienced a shutdown in 2002, it occurred months after at least one of the raises had been approved, and after Moore had publicly advocated for more funding for courts. We rate this .
Statement: A new state agreement with Foxconn "will save Wisconsin taxpayers $2.77 billion.
Speaker: tony evers
About the speaker: Tony Evers, a Democrat, was elected Wisconsin governor in November 2018. His term begins in January 2019. Evers has served as the Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction, a non-partisan position, since 2009. He previously worked as a teacher and school district administrator.
Date: April 21, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;state budget
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: In a tweet, Evers said the new Foxconn deal "will save Wisconsin taxpayers $2.77 billion." The agreement does involve $2.77 billion less in state tax credits, which means taxpayers are on the hook for significantly less money. It’s important to note that the state had not paid subsidies to the company under the previous deal and wasn’t on track to do so for several years, so it’s possible much — or even all — of that never would have been paid.  That said, the new contract also frees up funds that officials could funnel elsewhere. There’s no telling how this will affect future budgets, but if the state does choose to reallocate that money and spend it elsewhere, taxpayers won’t enjoy the savings Evers boasted about.  Our definition for  is a statement that’s partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.  That fits here.
Statement: NYC man drops dead in middle of street — suspected coronavirus!
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 11, 2020
Location: new york
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: On March 3, officers responded to a 911 call to help a man in the department’s 109th precinct , which serves a northeast portion of Queens, including downtown Flushing and East Flushing. When officers arrived, they found a 25-year-old man who had lost consciousness and hit his head on the sidewalk. Medics brought him NewYork-Presbyterian hospital in stable condition.   It was unrelated to the coronavirus, according to police.   We rate this blog post .
Statement: Children who witness domestic violence are "twice as likely to commit it themselves.
Speaker: amy klobuchar
About the speaker: Amy Klobuchar is a senator from Minnesota. Klobuchar was elected as senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Klobuchar received a bachelor’s degree in political science from Yale University and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School. In 2019, she announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 2, 2020.
Date: September 14, 2014
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime;women
Context: comments on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Klobuchar, arguing that the NFL has a responsibility to hold its "role models" accountable to a "different culture," said that kids who witness domestic violence in their households are "twice as likely to commit it themselves." There are legitimate, peer-reviewed studies that bear Klobuchar’s  out. But overall, even though there’s a consensus that witnessing domestic violence puts kids at a greater risk for perpetrating it themselves, the precise figures differ. Measuring domestic violence is very difficult for a variety of reasons, and there hasn’t been a recent, comprehensive study. So saying these kids are "twice as likely to commit" domestic violence is a little too precise. We rate Klobuchar’s  .
Statement: Hillary Clinton hanged at GITMO.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 26, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The information in this blog post is completely baseless.   In the days since her supposed execution, Clinton has been active on Twitter, including promoting the latest episode of her podcast , "You and Me Both," on April 27.   The previous week, publishers Simon & Schuster and St. Martin’s Press announced Clinton would co-author a thriller with her friend titled "State of Terror. "  Like that forthcoming novel, this blog post is a work of fiction.   We rate it !
Statement: The incoming Republican freshman class – well, it's no ordinary group: nearly half of its roughly 80 members have never served in elective office before.
Speaker: greg walden
About the speaker: Greg Walden is a U.S. representative from Oregon. He is leading the transition as Republicans take power in the 112th Congress.
Date: November 12, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: public service
Context: a radio address
Fact-check justification: There is Michael Grimm of New York, who owns a health food store and was an FBI agent and Jon Runyan who, before arriving in Washington, was an All-Pro offensive tackle in the NFL. There’s also James Lankford of Oklahoma, who worked as a religious youth camp director before winning election to the House. All of this is interesting and supports Walden’s  that the new GOP class in the House brings considerable non-political experience. But the gap between 38 percent and Walden’s suggestion of "nearly half" is simply too wide. For this reason, we rate his  .   Comment on this item.
Statement: I saved the taxpayers $2-billion on a bogus Air Force Boeing tanker deal where people went to jail.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: November 28, 2007
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: St. Petersburg, Fla
Fact-check justification: "It was probably the best example of oversight in the 108th Congress." Boeing paid a record $615-million to settle the civil and criminal allegations that arose in the scandal.
 Since the tanker deal never went through, it's hard to say McCain saved taxpayers $2-billion. It might be more accurate to say he kept the government from entering into a deal that would have caused it to overspend by as much as $2-billion. Despite that quibble, we find his statement .
Statement: KFC tweeted an image of a chicken drumstick for Black History Month.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 16, 2023
Topics: race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: A KFC spokesperson told Agence France-Presse in 2022 — one of several years this  tweet circulated on social media — that KFC didn’t tweet this for Black History Month, and that the company’s corporate account never shared the image or the statement in the tweet. The drumstick image did appear in a 2020 post on the official Instagram account of KFC Trinidad and Tobago . The post has since been deleted but in a screenshot captured by The Root, it said "Happy Emancipation Day," an Aug. 1 national holiday in Trinidad and Tobago celebrating the liberation of enslaved Africans in the British Empire. On Aug. 1, 2020, KFC Trinidad Tobago apologized for the post on Instagram.   We rate claims that the Black History Month tweet is authentic .
Statement: Donald Trump says "that NATO is obsolete and that we need to get rid of NATO...
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: October 4, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: foreign policy;military
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Kaine said Trump has said "that NATO is obsolete, and that we need to get rid of NATO." The record is full of instances when Trump called the alliance "obsolete," but that doesn’t means he’s called for its end. To the contrary, Trump has spoken of a future for NATO as long as other nations shoulder more of NATO’s costs and make other changes. If they won’t do so, then Trump has voiced ambivalence about the alliance’s future. But Kaine’s statement leaves the  impression that Trump is advocating for NATO’s demise. We rate his  .
Statement: The media televised the trial of Kyle Rittenhouse "because he is a 'white supremacist shooter,'" while limiting coverage of accused sex trafficker Ghislaine Maxwell's trial to "some cartoon drawing….What are they hiding?
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 15, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Rittenhouse was tried in state court in Wisconsin, where cameras are allowed, while Maxwell is on trial in federal court, where in most instances cameras and recording devices are not allowed. Limitations on cameras and other recordings of federal court proceedings have existed for decades. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .   RELATED LINK :   Kenosha police did let Kyle Rittenhouse go, but  goes too far in labeling his beliefs
Statement: Says North Carolina bill "would allow politically active 501(c)(4) organizations to hide major donors while using their money to support or oppose candidates and political issues.
Speaker: natasha marcus
About the speaker: Natasha Marcus is a Democrat who represents Mecklenburg County in North Carolina Senate District 41.
Date: May 6, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: privacy issues
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Marcus said the bill would "allow politically active 501(c)(4) organizations to hide major donors while using their money to support or oppose candidates and political issues." Unless disclosed voluntarily, 501c4 donor lists are not collected or publicized by the IRS or state of North Carolina. And multiple experts -- including legislative staff, the N.C. Department of Revenue, the N.C. State Elections Board, the N.C. Secretary of State, the N.C. Center for Nonprofits, the ACLU, the Center for Responsive Politics, the Alliance for Justice and others -- say the bill wouldn’t change what the government requires those nonprofits to disclose.  It’s fair for Marcus to say the bill may push donor information further into the darkness. Outside of government-required disclosures, the bill would allow donors to pick and choose when they want their identities known.   However, from a private citizen’s perspective, very little is changing.  Her tweet contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That’s the -Oh-Meter’s definition of  .
Statement: Pepper ... kicked off a jock tax, imposing a levy on the sports and entertainment industry.
Speaker: dave yost
About the speaker: David Yost, a Republican, was elected Ohio auditor in 2010. He previously was a county prosecutor from Delaware County in Ohio.
Date: August 10, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: message machine 2010;taxes
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: The story did not mention Pepper or the city of Cincinnati. However, Pepper’s legislation, while beneficial to the city budget, did institute the tax collection in Cincinnati. And the experts we talked to said collecting the tax was the city’s prerogative. Pepper can’t duck responsibility for starting the tax in Cincinnati. We find the statement .
Statement: Even the employees' union for the IRS -- the very people in charge of enforcing this law -- are begging to be let out from under this law.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: July 31, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;unions
Context: an interview with Fox News' Sean Hannity
Fact-check justification: Rubio said that "even the employees’ union for the IRS -- the very people in charge of enforcing this law -- are begging to be let out from under this law." He has a point that the National Treasury Employees Union has asked its members to oppose efforts to force its members into the exchanges created by Obama’s health care law. But he ignores a lot of context that would give a listener a different impression. The union’s quarrel is not with Obamacare itself, but rather with efforts by the law’s opponents to uproot federal employees from their longstanding health plans, a change the union views as punitive. By contrast, Obamacare was written to keep as many Americans as possible on their existing insurance plans, with the exchanges envisioned as a way for people without insurance or with inadequate insurance to purchase a plan. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: Prescription drug companies are charging Americans prices that are on average 4x higher than what's charged in other countries.
Speaker: gwen moore
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Gwen Moore is a Democratic member of Congress, representing Wisconsin's 4th District, which primarily includes Milwaukee. Moore, who served in the state Legislature from 1989 to 2004, was elected to Congress in 2004.
Date: December 11, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: drugs;health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: We found studies that support this , though at least one pouts the gap somewhat smaller. Other factors, of course, include which drugs and which companies are included in the comparison. Our definition of  is "the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information." That fits here.   window.gciAnalyticsUAID = 'PMJS-TEALIUM-COBRAND';
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Statement: Deals struck on his first foreign trip as president made and saved "millions of jobs.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 26, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;foreign policy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said that deals struck on his first foreign trip as president created and saved "millions of jobs." We can’t know for sure how many jobs will be created or saved -- nor, despite the certainty of his language, does Trump -- but the  at this point is so thin and so premature as to be little more than puffery or wishful thinking. We rate the statement .
Statement: A photo shows sex traffickers using an abandoned child car seat to lure in victims.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 9, 2021
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts claimed that a photo shows a plot by sex traffickers to use abandoned child car seats to lure in victims. Police investigated the photo of an abandoned car seat that inspired this internet rumor. They concluded that it was not associated with sex trafficking or other criminal activity. Polaris, which runs the National Human Trafficking Hotline, called the rumor "unfounded" and a "myth." We rate these claims .