chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The child tax credit, if we don't do it, there will be no tax relief for working families. How much tax relief working families get under tax reform is entirely dependent on whether or not we put in place an increase to the child tax credit.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: October 15, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview with Channel 8
Fact-check justification: Maag, meanwhile, pointed to proposals outside the framework that would expand the earned income tax credit. For example, Rep. Ro Khanna, D-Calif., introduced a very large increase in that credit -- a refundable credit targeted at low-income working Americans -- that would provide benefits to low- and middle-income families  Our ruling Rubio said if tax reform efforts don’t expand the child tax credit, "there will be no tax relief for working families." That’s a bit overstated, since the tax proposal is in its early stages. That said, judging by what’s in the initial framework, experts say that the child tax credit is one of the few levers that could significantly affect the size of the tax burden for middle-income households. We rate this  .
Statement: The elimination of essentially every automobile would be offset by one volcano exploding.
Speaker: mike huebsch
About the speaker: Mike Huebsch is a member of the Wisconsin Public Service Commission. He is a former secretary of Wisconsin's Department of Administration and former Republican member of the state Assembly, representing West Salem.
Date: April 7, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: climate change;energy
Context: testimony before a state Senate committee
Fact-check justification: The Gerlach report contained this conclusion: "Do the Earth’s volcanoes emit more CO2 than human activities? Research findings indicate that the answer to this frequently asked question is a clear and unequivocal, ‘No.’" Our rating Huebsch, the latest appointee to the agency that regulates utilities in Wisconsin, testified that "the elimination of essentially every automobile would be offset by one volcano exploding." When we asked about his comments, Huebsch issued an email saying his answer to the climate change question was , and apologized. We rate his  .
Statement: Barack Obama thinks terrorists just need a good talking to.
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: October 21, 2008
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: a direct mail piece
Fact-check justification: "We will kill bin Laden; we will crush al-Qaida." That's more than just a "good talking to." Examples abound of Obama pledging to take on terrorists militarily. This  is beyond . It's  .
Statement: The immigration bill includes free "Obamacars," motorcycles or scooters.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 25, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;transportation;welfare
Context: a blog post on Breitbart
Fact-check justification: An amendment by Sanders to the immigration bill would provide a youth jobs program that includes the possibility of transportation and child care services. That prompted conservative news outlets to make claims such as, "New Immigration bill has taxpayer subsidized Obamacars for youths." Sanders’ amendment doesn’t define in detail what the transportation services would entail. Ultimately if the bill passes, local workforce boards would propose jobs programs that would be signed off by the states and approved by the U.S. Labor Department. There is no proof to support the idea that the program would include free car, motorcycle or scooter giveaways. In fact, that such a process would end up allowing car giveaways seems laughable. We are putting the brakes on this rumor. !
Statement: Moderna COVID vaccine is no longer recommended due to heart inflammation.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 19, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an article on Facebook
Fact-check justification: The headline on a blog article reads, "Moderna COVID vaccine is no longer recommended due to heart inflammation." The headline is ; it gives the  impression that the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine has been widely discredited. A new recommendation about the Moderna vaccine applies only to those under the age of 31 in one European country, Belgium, and only to the two initial doses, not boosters. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: I was named Iowa's most bipartisan member of Congress by @TheLugarCenter.
Speaker: cindy axne
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Cindy Axne is a Democrat from Iowa. She was elected to represent the states 3rd District in 2018.
Date: September 18, 2022
Location: iowa
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Axne tweeted in September that she is Iowa’s most bipartisan member of Congress. She ranks 20th among 435 voting U.S. House but has the highest bipartisanship record among the Iowa House and Senate delegation.  However, FiveThirtyEight’s legislator vote tracker slates Axne taking action in line with Biden, a Democratic president, 100 percent of the time. And, comparing House and Senate bipartisanship scores is an inexact science. Despite her strong action toward Biden’s policies, we rate Axne’s statement as  because of her high bipartisanship rating based on objective data.
Statement: Among Hispanics, support for immigration reform is close to universal.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: May 5, 2013
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a web interview with ABC News
Fact-check justification: The polls that surveyed enough Hispanic voters to be reliable showed strong and consistent majority support for a variety of policies that might be characterized as "immigration reform." In some cases, the level of support reached 90 percent. However, saying, as Richardson did, that "almost every Hispanic in the country wants to see immigration reform," overlooks the 8 percent to 25 percent of Hispanics who, depending on how the question is asked, expressed reservations about or opposition to those policies. The level of dissent among Hispanics is small, but it's not as infinitesimal as Richardson’s comment suggests. We rate his  .
Statement: Says five Democratic state senators were for her bicycle tailgating bill "before they were against it.
Speaker: barbara comstock
About the speaker: Barbara Comstock, a Republican, has represented Virginia's 8th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives since 2015. She represented Fairfax County in Virginia's House of Delegates from 2010 to 2014.
Prior to that, Comstock held various staff positions on Capitol Hill. She did opposition research for the Republican National Commiittee, was a staffer on George W. Bush's 2000 presidential campaign and  a consultant in Mitt Romney's 2012 presidential campaign. She is founding partner and co-principal of Corallo Comstock, a public relations and public policy firm.
Comstock was born in Springfield, Mass. She is a graduate of Middlebury College and Georgetown University Law Center.
 
Date: February 19, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: recreation
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Comstock said a group of Senate Democrats once backed the language of her bike tailgating bill but now oppose it. She correctly identified five Democrats who changed their position, leading to the defeat on her bill this year. Although Comstock directed her ire at the Democrats, she did note that two Republican senators also switched positions this year. We rate her statement .
Statement: Obama spent "40 percent of the PAC money, 43 percent to be exact, on Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada and South Carolina politicians.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: March 16, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: an interview with the mtvU editorial board
Fact-check justification: The line was muddied some with a Washington Post story on Nov. 30, 2007, that quoted a campaign source acknowledging that Obama's presidential campaign was consulted by Hopefund officials about how to disburse its remaining funds. One can argue whether leadership PAC disbursements to other candidates count as presidential campaigning, or whether the inordinate amounts of money going to states with early primaries proves it — we think they probably do. But we're evaluating Clinton's statement about how much PAC money Obama spent in the early-primary states. And Clinton is pretty much on target when he says 43 percent went to Iowa, New Hampshire, South Carolina and Nevada. We rate his  .
Statement: Says "I was part of the second class to integrate Berkeley, California, public schools.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: June 27, 2019
Location: california
Topics: civil rights;education
Context: her exchange on busing during the Democratic presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Even with these clarifications, Harris’ statement is generally correct, given the context of her exchange with Biden on busing. It was supported by her school district, a city historian and recent news articles. We rate her  .   – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Brian Kemp wants to investigate and punish women for having miscarriages.
Speaker: stacey abrams
About the speaker: Stacey Abrams, a Democrat and national voting rights activist, is running for Georgia governor in 2022. She lost the Georgia governor's race in 2018. She is a former House Minority Leader for the Georgia General Assembly and State Representative for the 84th House District.
Date: August 4, 2022
Location: georgia
Topics: abortion;government regulation;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Abrams said Kemp "wants to investigate and punish women for having miscarriages." Kemp has not said he wants women investigated or punished for pregnancies that end in miscarriage. A six-week abortion law Kemp signed said miscarriage is legal. The law does not prohibit investigating women who get an illegal abortion. Therefore some legal experts believe women could be investigated if there are questions about whether they miscarried or had an illegal abortion. But that’s a separate question from what Abrams claimed. Her statement about Kemp is not accurate, so we rate it . RELATED: Fact-checking ads in the 2022 campaigns RELATED: Now that Roe is gone, what happens in the states? RELATED: Georgia fact-checks RELATED: Fact-checks on abortion
Statement: We've seen six months of positive job growth by the private sector.
Speaker: timothy geithner
About the speaker: Timothy Geithner served as U.S. Secretary of Treasury, having been appointed by President Barack Obama to that position in 2009. Prior to that, Geithner was the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Date: July 25, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Here's a quick monthly summary of jobs added: January: 16,000 February: 62,000 March: 158,000 April: 241,000 May: 33,000 June: 83,000 Data for the month of July --which wasn't over when Geithner spoke -- won't be released until August, so that's the most up-to-date data available. The report notes that data for the two most recent months are preliminary. But unless there's an unusually big after-the fact correction for either month, it's pretty clear that Geithner was correct. We've seen positive job growth in the private sector from January to June. We rate this .
Statement: Obama "suggested bombing Pakistan.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: February 20, 2008
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Columbus, Ohio
Fact-check justification: The U.S. government did not have permission from the Pakistan government for the attack, the article said. A week ago, we rated Bush's statement, which included a mischaracterization of Obama's position on Ahmadinejad, as . But McCain has ratcheted up the rhetoric, saying bombing instead of just attacking and adding that Obama wants to "bomb a country that is a sovereign nation." That's not just . That's  .
Statement: The Mack Penny Plan for the federal budget  "would balance our budget by 2019" and "continues to gain support.
Speaker: connie mack
About the speaker: Connie Mack was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 2004. Mack, of Fort Myers, lost a U.S. Senate race to Sen. Bill Nelson in 2012. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2003.
Date: May 9, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: Mack’s plan calls for reducing federal spending 1 percent a year for six years and then capping spending at 18 percent of GDP. Our experts agreed that the math works to balance the budget. But Mack has not provided a detailed road map on how to achieve cuts -- he simply says if Congress and the president can’t work it out, there will be across-the-board cuts, with no explanation about what that means for programs serving an increased number of people. We’d like to hear him provide details about whether older Americans should expect lower Social Security checks and to pay more for Medicare, or if they’ll be spared and in turn other departments will face much larger cuts. And we don’t see  that the plan is gaining support. The lack of action in the Republican-controlled House of Representatives is a sign that balancing the budget requires broader policy discussions and debates about spending priorities. We rate this  .
Statement: San Francisco had twice as many drug overdose deaths as COVID deaths last year.
Speaker: kevin kiley
About the speaker: Kevin Kiley is a Republican and member of the California State Assembly. He represents the 6th State Assembly district, including communities north and east of Sacramento. 
Date: April 26, 2021
Location: california
Topics: drugs;public health;public safety
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: It should be noted that San Francisco had one of the lowest per capita COVID-19 death rates of any major cities.   Still, the city’s overdose deaths climbed rapidly during the pandemic compared with past years, reaching nearly 700 while the total coronavirus deaths was 257.   We rated Kiley’s  as .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing.
Statement: We're paying out-of-state residential facilities hundreds of thousands of dollars, if not more," to house children in state custody
Speaker: roberto dasilva
About the speaker: Roberto DaSilva was a state representative representing East Providence and Pawtucket until January, 2013. He is also a lieutenant in the Pawtucket Police Department.
Date: March 21, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: children;families;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Some may be youth with significant "sexual offending behaviors." Aucoin said children are placed out of state only with approval of the Family Court and only after the agency demonstrates there is no adequate program in-state. So it appears the only fault with DaSilva’s  is it is too conservative. Instead of spending the "hundreds of thousands," DaSilva claims, the state actually expects to spend nearly $10 million on out-of-state programs. We find his  to be .
Statement: Says Jeanne Shaheen has "voted with the president 99 percent of the time.
Speaker: scott brown
About the speaker: Scott Brown was elected a Republican U.S. senator from Massachusetts in 2010. He lost re-election in 2012 and subsequently became a political commentator for Fox News. In March 2014, Brown announced that he was considering entering the U.S. Senate race in New Hampshire.
Date: October 21, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: NH Senate debate
Fact-check justification: Scott Brown said Shaheen votes with Obama 99 percent of the time. Brown has credible support for this  -- in 2013, Shaheen took the same position as the president 99 percent of the time when Obama outlined a clear position, based on analysis by Congressional Quarterly . That wasn’t much different than earlier years in the Senate -- overall, her votes have aligned with Obama’s 98 percent of the time since she took office. Still, the CQ ratings address a fraction of all issues facing Congress. Obama only took a clear position in about one third of the Senate votes, and in some issues that didn’t come to a vote, Shaheen broke with the President. Still, Brown’s  about Shaheen isn’t far off. We rate it .
Statement: In Canada, for a number of decades, they have provided quality care to all people without out-of-pocket expenses. You go in for cancer therapy, you don't take out your wallet.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: February 19, 2019
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on CBS This Morning
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "In Canada, for a number of decades they have provided quality care to all people without out-of-pocket expenses. You go in for cancer therapy, you don't take out your wallet." So long as the care comes from a doctor or at a hospital, the Canadian system covers the full cost. But the country’s public insurance doesn’t automatically pay for all services, most significantly, prescription drugs, including drugs needed to fight cancer. Out-of-pocket spending is about 15 percent of all Canadian health care expenditures, and researchers said prescription drugs likely represented the largest share of that. The financial burden on people is not nearly as widespread or as severe as in the United States, but Sanders made it sound as though out-of-pocket costs were a non-issue in Canada. We rate this  .
Statement: We have lower family incomes in Illinois today than we had 17 years ago in Illinois ... because of the control of (House) Speaker (Michael) Madigan and his Democrats.
Speaker: bruce rauner
About the speaker: Bruce Rauner was elected governor of Illinois in 2014. He became the first Republican governor in the state in 12 years upon his inauguration in January 2015. The gubernatorial campaign was Rauner's first foray into politics. He previously had been a principal at the private equity firm GTCR in Chicago.
Date: June 1, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: income
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: "We have lower family incomes in Illinois today than we had 17 years ago." Rauner is stretching the time frame when he says income is lower "today" than it was 17 years ago. The Census Bureau won’t even have 2015 figures for three more months. But the bigger problem here is that by choosing the peak income year among 30 years’ worth of data and presenting Illinois as an isolated case, Rauner tacitly asserts that Illinois is unique in seeing lower income "today" than in 1999. We rate the statement .
Statement: Military arrests former President George W. Bush.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 17, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: On Nov. 16, Bush’s Facebook page shared a post from the George W. Bush Presidential Center about a golf tournament for veterans.   Bush’s Jenna Bush Hager, an anchor at the Today show, spoke on live television that day about her parents’ fertility struggles. She didn’t mention his arrest, because it didn’t happen.   Plus, a disclaimer on the Real Raw News "About Us" page says the website contains "humor, parody and satire." Whatever you want to call it, it’s  — .