chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Every (U.S. Supreme Court) nominee since 1875 has received a nomination hearing.
Speaker: mark herring
About the speaker: State Sen. Mark Herring of Loudoun County was narrowly elected attorney general in 2013, capping a Democratic sweep of statewide offices after a recount.
Herring was born in 1961 in Johnson City, Tenn. He received bachelor's and master's degrees in foreign affairs from the University of Virginia and graduated law school at the University of Richmond. He is the principal of the law firm Herring & Turner, P.C., working in the areas of business and corporate matters, land use and zoning, civil litigation and municipal law.
Herring won a seat on the Loudoun County Board of Supervisors in 1999. He served in the state senate after a special election in January 2006 until January 2014.
Date: March 10, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: supreme court
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: Herring and fellow attorneys general wrote that "every (U.S. Supreme Court) nominee since 1875 has received a confirmation hearing." The  hits a recent roadblock with the 2005 nominations of Roberts and Miers, although we note their names were withdrawn before a formal hearing could be held. But going even further back, from the 1870s to mid-1910s, there’s no record of three dozen Supreme Court prospects getting any formal hearing before the Judiciary Committee. Instead, the panel met behind closed doors to discuss and vote on nominees. In the context of modern-day nomination hearings, which nowadays entail dissecting a potential high court jurist’s background and qualifications in formal appearances in public, that process didn’t start in earnest until the 1950s. We rate the  .
Statement: The Democrats want to invite caravan after caravan of illegal aliens into our country. And they want to sign them up for free health care, free welfare, free education, and for the right to vote.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 26, 2018
Location: national
Topics: immigration;elections;homeland security
Context: North Carolina
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "The Democrats want to invite caravan after caravan of illegal aliens into our country. And they want to sign them up for free health care, free welfare, free education, and for the right to vote." A top Democrat said immigrants should be allowed go through the asylum application process, which is available under law. But it’s a stretch for Trump to say that’s an invitation for caravans to come to the United States. Immigrants granted asylum become eligible for Medicaid and other forms of government assistance. Immigrants in the country illegally can receive emergency medical care and limited access to programs, such as free school lunch and free public education. That wouldn’t be because Democrats "want to sign them up," but because it’s allowed by law. Trump’s  also falsely implies Democrats want to rush caravan members in to vote in the midterm elections. Trump’s  is  and a distortion of the facts. We rate it .
Statement: Mel Gibson child sex-trafficking documentary blocked by Hollywood!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 15, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "   The documentary Gibson has been falsely connected to in recent weeks is a four-part documentary series about the work of Operation Underground Railroad, a nonprofit founded by Tim Ballard that aims to rescue children "from sex trafficking and sexual exploitation. "  In a statement posted June 8 on the organization’s website, Ballard said Gibson called him in 2022 "with valuable intelligence regarding children who were rumored to be vulnerable to human traffickers in Ukraine" and that he deserves credit "for taking the initiative to further the critical work we do. "  "However," Ballard said, "reports this four-part series is actually being produced by Mr. Gibson are not accurate. It’s being produced by Nick Nanton of DNA Films and includes several executive producers such as Kyle Cease, Tony and Sage Robbins, and other wonderful and talented people. "  We rate claims that a child sex trafficking documentary from Gibson is being blocked by Hollywood .
Statement: Democrats are "asking for a blank check book to spend as much as they want without worrying about the repercussions.
Speaker: ashley hinson
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Ashley Hinson is a Republican who represents Iowa’s 1st Congressional District.
Date: October 21, 2021
Location: iowa
Topics: federal budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Hinson told constituents she would continue to vote against raising the debt ceiling and prevent Democrats from having a blank check for unlimited spending.  Raising the debt ceiling does not mean the U.S. government can spend money on additional costs. It means money the government borrowed, some of it during the Trump Administration, will be paid back.  The Senate and House voted to temporarily cap the ceiling at $28.9 trillion but must vote each time it raises the ceiling. Hinson’s  of a blank check book is , so we rate it .
Statement: During the flu pandemic of 1918, some cities lifted social distancing measures too fast, too soon, and created a second wave of pandemic.
Speaker: gretchen whitmer
About the speaker: Gretchen Whitmer, a Democrat, was elected governor of Michigan in 2018. She gave the Democratic response to President Donald Trump's State of the Union in 2020. She was elected to the state House of Representatives in 2000 and elected to the Michigan State Senate in 2006 where she served as the Senate Democratic Leader. 
Date: April 15, 2020
Topics: states;coronavirus
Context: an April 15, 2020 press conference
Fact-check justification: Whitmer said, "During the flu pandemic of 1918, some cities lifted social distancing measures too fast, too soon, and created a second wave of pandemic." Typically, when social distancing ends, there is a second wave. The goal is to make the second wave as small as possible. Whitmer pointed to research from the University of Michigan in 2007 that found after social distancing rules ended in many cities, cases and deaths surged.  We rate this statement .
Statement: Says state Rep. Fred Clark (D-Baraboo) ran a red light and seriously injured a bicyclist.
Speaker: wisconsin family action
About the speaker: Wisconsin Family Action is an arm of the Wisconsin Family Council. It advocates against same sex marriage and “foundational issues such as marriage, life and liberty.”
Date: July 21, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: So where does that leave us? A television ad produced by Wisconsin Family Action against recall challenger Clark highlights his checkered driving record. With video, the ad says Clark struck a bicyclist. The video is real and the accident happened as described. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Barack Obama "never worked in the private sector" before he was elected president.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 11, 2011
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;new hampshire 2012
Context: Hanover, N.H
Fact-check justification: "What I took from it was that you clean up your messes quickly. When you make a  you correct it, even when it’s hard." The ruling:  Obama may not have the corporate chops of Romney, but he’s worked in several jobs in the private sector -- and had management experience. And if you count his best-selling books that have brought Obama millions of dollars in royalties, he also knows something about entrepreneurship. We rate Romney’s statement .
Statement: The deficit this year could pay "all of the 2013 salaries of every professional baseball player for the next 248 years.
Speaker: kelly ayotte
About the speaker: Kelly Ayotte is a U.S. Senator representing New Hampshire as a Republican. She was the first woman to serve as her state's attorney general. Appointed to that position in 2004 by a Republican governor, she was twice reappointed by a Democratic governor.
Date: October 24, 2013
Location: new hampshire
Topics: baseball;deficit
Context: Hudson, N.H
Fact-check justification: Ayotte said the deficit this year could pay "all of the 2013 salaries of every professional baseball player for the next 248 years." Given that she had a couple different options for data, the senator looked to ESPN for sports statistics, which seemed to us like a reasonable choice. The ESPN data produces a result of 248 years. Even if the answer is 236 years or 244 years -- the answer you get if you use different data sources -- it’s a long time. We rate her statement .
Statement: We continue to see these isolated incidents of people trying to vote five, six times a day.
Speaker: scott fitzgerald
About the speaker: Scott Fitzgerald is a U.S. Representative, R-Wisconsin, for the state's 5th Congressional District. He took office in 2021. He previously served as the state's Senate Majority Leader. He was first elected as state senator in 1994.
Date: December 9, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;crime
Context: an interview with a newspaper editorial board
Fact-check justification: His office couldn’t provide any  -- from Wisconsin or elsewhere -- to back that up. The one Wisconsin episode they mention as a possibility, the Marquette student, was disproved after extensive investigation. Election officials are unaware of anything on the level of serial voting that Fitzgerald refers to. And we were unable to turn up such a case in our research. We rate his statement .
Statement: A "13 or 15 year old boy escapes Buckingham Palace" in video.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 9, 2022
Topics: after the fact
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: It was uploaded on what appeared to be a tourist’s YouTube channel. But it was  — a promotion by E! for its fictional show "The Royals."    The clip went viral. But it doesn’t show a child escaping the palace. We rate that  !
Statement: Says Dallas Cowboys owner Jerry Jones told players: "Stand for the Anthem or you're off team.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: August 1, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;sports
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Abbott said that Jones told Cowboys players: "Stand for the Anthem or you’re off team." In a 2016 radio interview, Jones aired disappointment in Kaepernick not standing for the anthem. We spotted no confirmation of Jones telling Cowboys players to stand or be gone. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Republican Gov. Phil Scott "just voted to impeach President Trump.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 27, 2019
Topics: impeachment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says Scott "just voted to impeach President Trump." Scott has not done that. As Vermont’s governor, Scott cannot vote on this issue. Impeachment proceedings are a matter of Congress, not state governors. Scott says he supports a fact-based impeachment inquiry and that he’d comment on the topic once he sees the related facts. He has not said Trump should be impeached. We rate the Facebook post .
Statement: Michelle Obama's mother dies, leaves inheritance to 'My son Michael.'
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 7, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The headline isn’t authentic.   It originated on a self-described satire website as early as 2019, and falsely claims, among other things, that Michelle Obama’s mother, Mary McGillicuddy Robinson, died and left her inheritance to her son, "Michael Robinson Obama." Michelle Obama’s mother is Marian Robinson, not Mary McGillicuddy Robinson, and she’s not dead . And she does have a son but his name is Craig, not Michael; he’s Michelle Obama’s brother .   We rate this post !
Statement: If you are driving on average in America this summer, you'll save — according to Department of Energy figures — about $70.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: May 4, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: Indianapolis
Fact-check justification: For the average person it would be about $70," she said at a campaign event in Greenville, N.C. We'll say it again: You only get to $70 by calculating the savings for a family of four, which has two vehicles. Leaving out that qualifier makes a big difference. In fact, if $70 is the savings for a family of four with at least two vehicles, it seems likely that the average savings for an individual would be closer to half of $70 than the $70 Clinton claims. We rate her statement .
Statement: Obama was enrolled in a Wahabi school in Jakarta. Wahabism is the RADICAL teaching that is followed by the Muslim terrorists who are now waging Jihad against the western world.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: October 1, 2007
Location: national
Topics: obama birth certificate;religion
Fact-check justification: The great preponderance of substantiated  indicates Obama attended a public school that taught a small amount of mainstream Islam. The news reports say that Obama's registration form indicates his religion was Muslim, but there are errors on the forms and it seems reasonable to assume that he was registered as Muslim simply because his stepfather was Muslim. And it's worth noting — as the chain e-mail does — that Obama also attended a Catholic school in Indonesia for several years. So while the e-mail gets a few things right, its contention that Obama attended a madrassa that taught Wahabism seems to be a wholesale invention designed to frighten voters. We rate the   .
Statement: Nathan Deal cut the HOPE scholarship program so that literally 100,000 Georgians will not be able to go to college or get technical training that they so badly needed to raise -- you know, give them a chance at a good job.
Speaker: peter shumlin
About the speaker: A committed entrepreneur, Peter was the longtime co-director, along with his brother, of Putney Student Travel and National Geographic Student Expeditions, a company that sends students on educational programs and service projects across the globe. He is also a partner in several real estate companies that provide housing and commercial space in Southeast Vermont.
His career in public service began more than 30 years ago when at the age of 24 he was elected to serve on the town’s select board. In 1990, Governor Madeleine Kunin appointed Peter to fill an empty seat in the Vermont House of Representatives, where he served for 3 years. He then served Windham County for 8 terms in the VT Senate and was elected by his colleagues to lead the Senate as President pro tem the majority of that time.
Date: May 21, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: MSNBC
Fact-check justification: There is some  in his statement. The number of HOPE recipients are down. But they are not down as much as Shumlin said. And  the declines can be attributed to a variety of factors. We rate his statement   .
Statement: John McCain said "he wouldn't even sit down with the government of Spain, a NATO ally that has troops in Afghanistan with us now.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: October 2, 2008
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: St. Louis
Fact-check justification: Our reading of the interview is that McCain won't commit himself in advance to meeting or not meeting with the government of Spain. That's very different from refusing to meet with Spain. Biden could have criticized McCain for that noncommittal stance and been more accurate. But instead Biden took it a step further and said McCain refused outright to meet with Spain. We rate Biden's statement .
Statement: The language that's part of the president's National Security Council memo "is identical to the language" used by President George W. Bush in 2001 and President Barack Obama in 2009.
Speaker: sean spicer
About the speaker: Sean Spicer is former press secretary to President Donald Trump. Previously, he was the communications director for the Republican National Committee.
Date: January 30, 2017
Location: national
Topics: homeland security
Context: a daily press briefing
Fact-check justification: Spicer said, "The language that's part of the president's memo (on the National Security Council) is identical to the language for Presidents Bush's 2001" as well as President Obama’s 2009. We reached out to the Trump administration but did not hear back. Spicer is right in a limited sense: each memo specifies that the Chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Director of National Intelligence are statutory advisers to the regular council. While both the Bush and Trump memos stipulated they attend principals committee meetings when appropriate, both were regular members of the subcommittee under Obama. Trump also includes one major departure from both Bush and Obama: adding the position of chief strategist as a member of both the regular council and principals committee. Spicer’s  that the memos are identical rates . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/3b66fd71-c0f3-4b31-863b-eefc0a689f2e
Statement: State government spending will be increase 10.7 percent this year.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: September 14, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: state budget
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, for example, was moved from the GRF budget to the all-funds budget under Gov. Bob Taft. Strickland chose to move the Department of Public Safety and the Department of Commerce completely out of the GRF budget during the most recent budget. And the current all-funds budget does include several new fees attached to it, including a new hospital assessment fee worth $708 million and $390 million worth of new nursing home franchise fees. So let's cut to the chase:   That seems  especially since if he were to compare apples to apples -- all-funds proposed spending in 2010 to all-funds proposed spending in 2011 -- the figure would rise only 1.7 percent. As a consequence, we rate his statement to be .
Statement: The United States death rate is two-and-a-half times higher for those who do not have a high school education.
Speaker: regina benjamin
About the speaker: Dr. Regina Benjamin is Surgeon General of the United States. She attended Morehouse School of Medicine
Date: August 18, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: education;health care
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Recent  also suggests that cognitive ability helps people make better health decisions, said Adriana Lleras-Muney, a University of California Los Angeles professor who has worked on the problem for about a decade.                                                                                    So parents, go ahead. Scare your children into going to school. You won’t be lying. Benjamin earns a .
Statement: Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson "gave child porn offenders sentences below the guidelines and below what the prosecutors were requesting," showing she is "soft on child pornography offenders.
Speaker: josh hawley
About the speaker: Josh Hawley took office as U.S. Senator from Missouri in 2019. Hawley previously served as Missouri’s Attorney General. 
Date: March 21, 2022
Location: national
Topics: supreme court
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Hawley said Jackson "gave child porn offenders sentences below the guidelines and below what the prosecutors were requesting" showing she is "soft on child pornography offenders." Hawley’s  has an element of : Jackson’s sentences were below the guidelines and below the prosecutors’ recommendations. But Jackson’s approach to sentencing in child pornography cases did not significantly differ from that of other judges, data show. A comprehensive federal study found that for these crimes, sentences are shorter than what the guidelines suggest more than two-thirds of the time. Prosecutors sometimes recommend sentences below the guidelines, too. Hawley failed to prove that Jackson is any more lenient than federal judges on average. We rate this  .