chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Ed Gillespie "supports a personhood amendment.
Speaker: mark warner
About the speaker: Mark Warner, a Democrat, has represented Virginia in the U.S. Senate since 2009. He serves on the Banking, Budget, Commerce and Intelligence committees. He is the honorary co-chairman of the Forward Together PAC.
Warner gave the keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Warner previously served as governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006. He also ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1996. Before public office, Warner was an early investor in the cell phone business, co-founded the company that became Nextel.
Warner was born in Indianapolis, Ind., and grew up in Illinois and Connecticut. Warner graduated from George Washington University, Washington, D.C. He received a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass.
Date: July 26, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: abortion;human rights
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Warner says Gillespie "supports a personhood amendment." Gillespie says he doesn’t and challenged the senator to prove his . Gillespie was certainly national GOP chairman in 2004 when the party adopted a platform supporting a human life amendment. But we haven’t seen any clear personal expression from his supporting such a law either then or now. So Warner has failed to prove his . We rate Warner’s statement .
Statement: Syria and Nicaragua are the only nations that didn't sign the Paris Agreement. Nicaragua said it wasn't tough enough.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: June 1, 2017
Location: national
Topics: climate change
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Wasserman Schultz tweeted, "Syria and Nicaragua are the only nations that didn't sign the Paris Agreement. Nicaragua said it wasn't tough enough." A total 195 of the 197 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change signed the Paris Agreement. That includes all the countries in the world, except Syria and Nicaragua. Nicaraguan representatives have said the Paris Agreement is "not sufficient" and believe rich nations should do more to reduce their emissions. We rate Wasserman Schultz’  .
Statement: We've got 600-plus police and fire pensions Downstate that are on the cusp of insolvency because they don't have the revenues that they need to be able to keep those pensions going.
Speaker: lori lightfoot
About the speaker: Lori Lightfoot is the 56th mayor of Chicago. Prior to taking office in May 2019, she worked as an attorney and previously served as president of the Chicago Police Board, a civilian body responsible for deciding disciplinary matters involving allegations of police misconduct.
Date: August 30, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: pensions
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Lightfoot said more than 600 police and fire pension funds in Downstate Illinois "are on the cusp of insolvency because they don’t have the revenues that they need to be able to keep those pensions going." The source for that figure refers to the total number of Downstate public safety pensions — not just those in financial distress. And while the average funded ratio for those funds is far from the target set by the state, experts told us it’s not accurate to  that nearly all of them are nearing a point where they won’t be able to make payments to current retirees. We rate Lightfoot’s  .  — The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Unprecedented UFO landing" in Las Vegas.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 16, 2023
Location: nevada
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: So what of that "bright beam of light recently spotted plummeting through the darkness" that was captured May 1 on a Las Vegas Metropolitan Police officer’s body camera? It was a meteor, the Las Vegas Review-Journal reported .   NASA’s Planetary Defense Office told the newspaper the flash of light "certainly" was not a UFO.   We rate claims of an unprecedented UFO landing in Las Vegas .
Statement: Barack Obama has written and co-sponsored more bills in three years than Hillary Clinton has in seven.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: February 20, 2008
Location: national
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: So in an apples-to-apples comparison of bills written and co-sponsored, it's Clinton: 3,076; Obama: 1,106. Not quite the conclusion the e-mail sought to reach. We don't need to rule on whether counting pieces of legislation is a legitimate way of measuring the effectiveness of lawmakers, though experts make clear that it's not. For us, it's enough to look at the facts in the e-mail, the actual numbers being used to make the comparison, and when we look we find manipulation and mistakes. We find a clear .
Statement: Says "President Obama and his National Labor Relations Board" sued Boeing over its decision to open a plant in South Carolina.
Speaker: nikki haley
About the speaker: Nikki Haley announced on Feb. 14, 2023 that she is running for president in the Republican primary. Haley was the governor of South Carolina 2011-2017 and then served as President Donald Trump's ambassador to the UN in 2017 and 2018.
Date: August 28, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;regulation
Context: a speech at the Republican convention
Fact-check justification: Haley said Obama and his National Labor Relations Board sued Boeing over its decision to open a plant in South Carolina. This oversimplifies a complex set of practices and relationships. The practices of the NLRB keep it many steps away from the president. In keeping with that process, the board members themselves did not take any action regarding Boeing. Obama’s greatest influence on the NLRB in this case can be found in his temporary appointment of the NLRB general counsel. The counsel decided to bring the case before an administrative judge. Haley refers to the government suing, whereas the process is best described as a hearing in which the NLRB represents the interests of the party making the complaint. There is a measure of  given the president’s role in appointing the general counsel. We rate the statement .
Statement: Trump warns Russia over Jehovah's Witnesses ban and urges members to seek asylum in the U.S.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 24, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: There is no contact information available. The same goes for the other two websites we’ve noted . The story said that Trump warned Russia for banning Jehovah’s Witnesses, and offered a safe haven for Russians who wanted to come to America. The State Department did decry Russia’s ruling, but there’s no  Trump weighed in. We rate the statement !
Statement: The U.S. Supreme Court has not traditionally asked a lot of questions during oral arguments.
Speaker: clarence thomas
About the speaker: Clarence Thomas is an associate justice on the United States Supreme Court. A Georgia native, Thomas was appointed to the court in 1991.
Date: April 5, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: supreme court
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Thomas, the third-longest tenured justice on the court, is apparently old school. The experts we interviewed  agreed that it’s fair to say that justices ask more questions today than they did a century ago or as recently as 40 years ago. They note that changes such as being provided with briefs before oral arguments have made the justices better versed on cases beforehand -- and perhaps more likely to ask questions. We considered that a minor point that doesn’t change our impression of Thomas’ statement. Our rating: .
Statement: I "helped pass what, if enacted, would be the largest tax cut in Texas history through the State Senate.
Speaker: van taylor
About the speaker: Van Taylor is an Iraq veteran who succeeded state Rep. Brian McCall in April 2010.
Date: March 25, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Taylor said he "helped pass what, if enacted, would be the largest tax cut in Texas history through the state Senate." Senate-approved proposals reducing the business franchise tax promise a record slash in that tax. But together, the Senate measures reducing franchise and property taxes by about $4.6 billion over two years, what Taylor highlighted, add up to less tax relief than the school property tax-rate reductions legislated in 2006, which cost the state $14 billion every two years. Homeowners might not notice those changes partly due to escalating values. Still, the state-imposed ceiling on school operations tax rates remains 22 percent lower than what was in place before. We rate this statement .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: There is no "incontrovertible proof that speed, in and of itself, is the contributing factor to increasing (vehicular) fatalities.
Speaker: matt caldwell
About the speaker: Florida District 79 representative (Lehigh Acres). First elected in 2010.
Date: April 30, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: public safety;transportation
Context: a Florida House discussion of SB 392
Fact-check justification: Caldwell said he had "yet to see any incontrovertible proof that speed, in and of itself, is the contributing factor to increasing fatalities." Traffic studies and experts agree that higher speeds can lead to more fatalities in accidents, which makes Caldwell’s use of the word "incontrovertible" suspect. But opinions diverge when discussing whether higher speeds are the cause of those fatal accidents. Speed is no doubt a factor in accidents, but it’s rarely considered the factor leading to fatal crashes. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Bill Murray said "Social media is training us to compare our lives ... No wonder why everyone is depressed.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 14, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says that Bill Murray said, "Social media is training us to compare our lives, instead of appreciating everything we are. No wonder why everyone is depressed." While Murray has criticized the way people use social media, there is no  he said the words attributed to him in the Facebook post or other similar social media posts.  We rate this  .
Statement: Wisconsin "was literally broke" when Republicans took office in January 2011.
Speaker: jim steineke
About the speaker: Rep. Jim Steineke (R-Kaukauna) was first elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly in 2010 and represents the 5th district in the Fox Cities area. He was named by his fellow Republicans as Assembly Majority Leader in the fall of 2014.
Date: June 18, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Walker would go on to repeat the "broke"  in a Sept. 2, 2011 fund-raising appeal . We declared that   , because at that point the state had passed a balanced budget with a structural surplus that Walker had celebrated as fiscally sound. Our rating Steineke tweeted that Wisconsin was "literally broke" when he and other Republicans took office in 2011. When Walker made the "broke" , we rated it . It still is.
Statement: If you care about the environment, we've got record funding.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: June 2, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: environment
Context: a speech at his economic summit for presidential candidates
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "If you care about the environment, we've got record funding." Scott's team points to investments the state has made to restore the Everglades and springs during Scott’s tenure -- and he has championed both. While those are high-profile projects, he claimed that Florida has "record funding" for the environment overall, and that’s not the case. The budget for the state Department of Environmental Protection and for Florida Forever were not a record under Scott -- two major pots of money that relate to the environment. Scott repeated a previously debunked  in a national forum; his statement has long been proved . We rate this  !
Statement: The states that are doing "better" are the ones that have no state income tax.
Speaker: jamie weinstein
About the speaker: Jamie Weinstein is senior editor for the conservative Daily Caller.
Date: July 18, 2014
Topics: taxes;punditfact
Context: comments on HBO's "Real Time with Bill Maher"
Fact-check justification: Defending Kansas’ tax cuts, Weinstein claimed that the states that are doing "better" are the ones that have no income state tax. Weinstein is accurately citing a study by the Laffer Center that compares states on their growth in population, GSP, total jobs, and total state and local tax revenue. To Laffer, no-tax states are besting high-tax states. But we found another study from the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy that concluded the exact opposite, by using a different set of measurements. In the end, measuring "better" ultimately is in the eye of the beholder, and we’re not going to settle this economics debate. But Weinstein isn’t going to either. We rate his  .
Statement: The Fed created $15 trillion in the bailout process" and $5 trillion went overseas.
Speaker: ron paul
About the speaker: Ron Paul, a Texas physician, served two stints in the U.S. House. He also was the Libertarian Party nominee for president in 1988 before later seeking the Republican presidential nomination in 2008 and 2012. He didn't seek re-election to the House in 2012.
Date: November 30, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;new hampshire 2012
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling Apart from anything Paul said, it is  that the Fed has created about $2 trillion. But that's not what we're assessing. When Paul says the Fed created $15 trillion, he is misstating the work of the GAO, and he fails to account for the special power of the Federal Reserve to destroy the dollars it creates. His assertion that a great deal of money went overseas might be , but no one knows, and again, Paul misinterprets the source he used. For that reason, we rate his statement .
Statement: It's nothing I do, but the probation office here in the Eastern District of Missouri is the best in the country. They have about a 7.5% recidivism rate, compared to national averages of 70 or 80%
Speaker: jeff jensen
About the speaker: Jeff Jensen was nominated by President Donald Trump on July 14, 2017, and confirmed by the U.S. Senate on Oct. 4, 2017.  He took the oath of office on October 6, 2017. Jensen graduated from the Indiana University School of Business before becoming a CPA for PricewaterhouseCoopers. He then became an FBI agent for 10 years and graduated from the St. Louis University School of Law. Jensen served another 10 years as an Assistant U.S. Attorney before going into private practice in 2009.
Date: November 20, 2019
Location: missouri
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: an interview with St. Louis Public Radio
Fact-check justification: U.S. attorney Jeff Jensen said his district’s probation office is the best in the nation. He noted the office’s recidivism rate — 7.5% — and compared it to the nation’s rate of 70% or 80%. Jensen had both his numbers for the Eastern district’s rate and the national averages straight, but he was making a comparison across different time periods. The Bureau of Justice Statistics also hasn’t studied recidivism rates at a state or county level, so there’s nothing to say it’s the best in the nation. Because Jensen had the right idea in promoting his district’s recidivism rate, but the numbers don’t exactly line up, we rate this  .
Statement: California introduces new bill that would allow mothers to kill their babies up to 7 days after birth.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 31, 2022
Location: california
Topics: abortion;families;legal issues;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A post claimed a proposed California bill "would allow mothers to kill their babies up to 7 days after birth." It does not. The bill is meant to ensure that people are not investigated, prosecuted or incarcerated for ending a pregnancy, experiencing pregnancy loss or for losing a baby after it is born due to pregnancy-related causes, according to the lawmaker who introduced it. A judge would use that legislative intent to help interpret any ambiguity in the law if it were passed. We rate this  .
Statement: New York is "leading the nation with the lowest imprisonment rate of any large state
Speaker: nys department of corrections and community supervision
About the speaker: The New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision is responsible for the administration of state prisons and for the supervision of parolees. 
Date: November 8, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The department responsible for state prisons and parole supervision claimed New York’s imprisonment rate was the lowest of any large state.  Federal data supports this , when "large state" is defined by having a population of more than 10 million people.  We rate this  .
Statement: When using a medical mask you're supposed to use… white side out (this is the filter part) for when you're not sick.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 2, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: One more thing: Americans looking to buy a medical mask to protect themselves against the 2019 novel coronavirus, or COVID-19, should know it isn’t generally necessary .   The New York Times interviewed medical care professionals that explained that hoarding medical masks because of the 2019 novel coronavirus panic can lead to shortages in hospitals, clinics, and doctor’s offices. The CDC determined the immediate health risk to Americans as low .   Anyways, colored side out. We rate this post .
Statement: Roy Barnes voted against a bill in the state Senate that would have made it easier to convict child abusers.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: October 15, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: children;voting record
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: And what happened is that the bill made things harder for prosecutors down the road. The state Supreme Court declared those changes unconstitutional, which means that prosecutors had to handle appeals from criminals convicted under that law. Since the constitutionality of the bill was not certain in 1995 and Barnes did vote against it, there is a sliver of  to Deal's accusation. But it ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Therefore Deal's  meets our definition of .
Statement: Iowa has the fourth fastest-growing personal income in the United States, while nationally, the real wage has decreased over the past eight years that Congressman (Bruce) Braley has been there by 2.7 percent.
Speaker: joni ernst
About the speaker: Joni Ernst is a Republican senator from Iowa. A former state senator, she won the 2014 GOP primary for an open U.S. Senate seat and defeated Democratic Rep. Bruce Braley in November. She was sworn into Congress in January 2015, replacing long-time Senator Tom Harkin.
Date: October 11, 2014
Location: national
Topics: economy;workers
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Ernst said that "Iowa has the fourth fastest-growing personal income in the United States, while nationally, the real wage has decreased over the past eight years that Congressman Braley has been there by 2.7 percent." Iowa did rank fourth nationally in personal income growth, but only for the most recent quarter, and when compared to earlier quarters, this high rate seems like a statistical anomaly. Meanwhile, she’s  that real wages declined by 2.7 percent over the past eight years, although she does have a point that Iowa did somewhat better on this score than did the nation as a whole. Equally problematic, Ernst’s comparison between Iowa’s economy and the nation’s is questionable because it appears to compare quarterly data for one statistic to eight years of a different statistic. Economists say this isn’t a sound method. The  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Says former NRA president Jim Porter said, "It's only a matter of time before we can own colored people again.
Speaker: blackinsurancenews.com
About the speaker: A website that says it is a "source of insurance industry news, data, and understanding of insurance products, for people of color and their communities."
Date: February 27, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: an Internet post
Fact-check justification: The articles "are fiction, and presumably  news," it says. BlackInsuranceNews.com, meanwhile, carries no such disclaimer. The site did not respond to our request for comment. While some people in the site’s comments section appear to realize the article is not real, the vitriolic responses from others show its manufactured roots are not abundantly clear. We rate the  !