chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says George H.W. Bush once said "If the American People ever find out what we have done, they will chase us down the street and lynch us.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 14, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: So, let us enumerate this 's flaws: First, it is unlikely that Bush, who publicly and vehemently denied any involvement in the scandal (which unfolded while he served as vice president), would say such a self-incriminating statement, especially to a journalist. Second, we could find no mention of such a quote in archives of McClendon’s papers. Third, if the president made such an inflammatory and self-incriminating statement to the press about a high-profile scandal (especially while it was under heightened attention), it would have been picked up and republished by media outlets across the country. But a search for the quote through Nexis news archives also came up short. We rate this quote !
Statement: Biden is adding more IRS agents to investigate your taxes than we have detectives investigating every crime in the country.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 17, 2022
Location: national
Topics: crime;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed the number of expected new hires at the IRS would surpass the total number of working police detectives in the United States. The most recent data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics shows there were about 107,890 detectives and investigators in the U.S. in 2021. The number of IRS employees expected to be hired over the next 10 years under the Inflation Reduction Act could total 87,000, but those figures are not final and are projected to be smaller. We rate this  .
Statement: Federal prosecutions for lying on background checks to buy guns are "down 40 percent" under President Barack Obama.
Speaker: bob goodlatte
About the speaker: Bob Goodlatte, a Republican, was first elected to Congress in 1993. He represents Virginia's 6th District, centered in Roanoke.
He is currently the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee and the vice chairman of the House Agriculture Committee.
Goodlatte earned a law degree from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, in 1977. His undergraduate degree in government was earned at Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, in 1974.
Date: April 14, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: legal issues;guns
Context: a TV appearance
Fact-check justification: Goodlatte said enforcement of laws against lying on federal background checks for gun purchases "is down 40 percent" under Obama. The congressman had the percentage right, but he glossed over the law’s history of lax enforcement. During the Bush and Obama administrations, only a tiny fraction of 1 percent of the violations was prosecuted. The Justice Department has seen little value in prosecuting cases in which background checks have already stopped prohibited people from buying guns. Goodlatte, in seeking to level partisan blame, offered a juicy statistic without context. We rate his statement .
Statement: A photo shows Kamala Harris is "listed as Caucasian on her birth certificate.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 13, 2020
Topics: candidate biography;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Under "Color or Race of Father," it says "Jamaican." Harris’ father, Donald Harris, was born in Jamaica and also migrated to the United States to attend Berkeley.    We’ve previously debunked a photo that questioned Harris’ race and wrongly claimed the people in the image were her parents.   This  merits a similar rating. .
Statement: About 22 percent of adults in Rhode Island and approximately 30 percent of youth (ages 10-17) are considered obese.
Speaker: joseph mcnamara
About the speaker: Rep. Joseph McNamara, who represents Warwick and Cranston, has served in the Rhode Island House since 1995. He chairs the Health, Education and Welfare Committee and is the health and wellness coordinator in the Pawtucket School Department.
Date: March 16, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: children;public health
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: When we told McNamara that the data showed a much lower rate among children than he had cited, he produced a copy of an "Eat Smart, Move More" newsletter that gives the 30-percent figure. But that newsletter incorrectly quotes a 2010 Rhode Island Department of Health report, which had the correct figures on overweight and obesity. In summary, McNamara's assessment of adult obesity in Rhode Island is correct, if a bit outdated, and he fails to note that Rhode Island ranks as healthier than a large majority of other states. But his statistic on childhood obesity is way off - roughly half of what he said it was. Thus, we rate his statement as  .
Statement: We are now, for the first time ever, energy independent.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 9, 2016
Location: national
Topics: environment;energy;gas prices;trade
Context: the second presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "We are now, for the first time ever, energy independent." The United States imports more energy than it exports, and it consumes more energy than it produces domestically. So the United States still relies on foreign energy sources for about 11 percent of its energy consumption needs. However, this import-export gap is trending down. The EIA predicts the United States’ energy exports and imports will balance in the not-so-distant future. That said, imports and exports have been balanced in previous decades. The United States is on track to energy independence, but it’s not there yet. Clinton's statement is not accurate and we rate it .
Statement: When I took office last year we faced historic budget deficits of $6 billion here in Virginia.  And we closed those deficits by cutting spending.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: March 26, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;state budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: In fact, spending reductions accounted for about $2.34 billion of the sum. The rest came through bookkeeping maneuvers and federal stimulus dollars. McDonnell and the General Assembly deserve credit for balancing the budget without raising taxes during a brutal recession. McDonnell is accurate in saying spending was cut, but he greatly  how much. We rate his statement .
Statement: 80% of the American people support our Dreamers. Over 70% think they should have a path to citizenship, and that's Democrats, Republicans, independents.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: June 23, 2020
Topics: immigration;homeland security;polls and public opinion
Context: a Telemundo interview
Fact-check justification: Over 70% think they should have a path to citizenship, and that's Democrats, Republicans, independents." Pelosi’s  of overall support for "Dreamers" is sound, but her  weakens when she groups Republicans among the over 70% who support giving them a path to citizenship. Several polls show that support from Republicans for citizenship for "Dreamers" is not as high. Pelosi’s statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Dr. Herbert Smitherman invented Crest toothpaste, Folgers coffee, Safeguard soap and Bounce fabric softener.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 29, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says Dr. Herbert Smitherman invented Crest toothpaste, Folgers coffee, Safeguard soap and Bounce fabric softener. Smitherman did not invent the products, three of which were launched or acquired before he joined Procter & Gamble in 1966. The fourth product was invented by another man who later sold the rights to Procter & Gamble. We rate this  . Contributing writer Jeff Cercone contributed research.
Statement: On a single night in January 2015, state and local planning agencies in Rhode Island reported the following estimates of homelessness … 107 veterans were homeless.
Speaker: u.s. department of housing and urban development
About the speaker: The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development is a Cabinet department in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government.
 
Date: November 19, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: housing
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Some vocal critics, who are knowledgeable about the extent of homelessness in Rhode Island’s veteran population, question the usefulness and accuracy of HUD’s point in time count. They weren’t able to provide hard , for example an alternative count based on logs or records, of more than 107 homeless veterans in Rhode Island in January of 2015. But while HUD’s press release describes how the point-in-time count works, calling it a "snapshot," it could say more about the possibility that the count missed homeless veterans who might not have been in shelters. The  is partially accurate but it leaves out important details. For that reason, the ruling is . If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.
Statement: Says First Lady Melania Trump posted a photo of herself "yesterday" and Facebook took it down.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 3, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "We take something down from Facebook if it goes against our Community Standards , which are designed to encourage expression and create a safe environment," a post on Facebook’s help center says. "The number of times something is reported doesn't determine whether or not it's removed from Facebook. We use the same guidelines each time we review whether a profile goes against our Community Standards." A simple close-up photo of Melania Trump from 2007 does not violate any of Facebook standards. This is !
Statement: Americans are paying the highest price in the world for Remdesivir because the Trump administration is allowing Gilead Sciences to jack up the prices on this #COVID19 treatment.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: November 19, 2020
Location: national
Topics: medicaid;medicare;wisconsin;coronavirus
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: The price element is correct. On average, Americans insured by private health insurance companies could be on the hook for an additional $780 over what people in countries with national health systems may pay.   But the blame element misses the mark. While Trump may have a slight influence over drug prices with his appointee to run the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, there is really no way for the administration to step in and tell Gilead to charge less for remdesivir without a change in federal laws or invoking a rarely used maneuver to effectively seize the patent from the company. We rate this  as .
Statement: Video shows U.S. Rep. Doug Collins exploding "with rage after Pelosi admits dirty 'squad' plan for Trump impeachment.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 2, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) The clip, from Dec. 9, 2019, shows then-U.S. Rep. Doug Collins, R-Ga., and then-Democratic counsel Daniel Goldman during a House Judiciary Committee hearing .   Collins, who was the committee’s ranking member, was questioning Goldman as part of the impeachment inquiry into then-President Donald Trump.   Collins didn’t mention Pelosi — who wasn’t even at the hearing — or "The Squad," a nickname for a group of four representatives including Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y. We rate this post .
Statement: Says gas pumps in different parts of Texas are missing state inspection stickers and/or their inspections are out of date--and that's cheating consumers.
Speaker: hank gilbert
About the speaker: Hank Gilbert, who raises cattle near Tyler, was the 2010 Democratic nominee for Texas agriculture commissioner. He won the party's 2006 nomination for the same post.
Date: September 12, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: consumer safety;energy;crime
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: Our call? We're persuaded there are pumps in every TDA region missing inspection stickers, as Gilbert says. However, the absence of stickers doesn't always means pumps haven't been duly inspected, our peek into the state database suggests. Gilbert's grab-your-pocketbook punch line--that consumers are being cheated--isn't proved out. We rate Gilbert's statement .
Statement: ISIS lures women with kittens, nutella.
Speaker: cnn
About the speaker: CNN is a 24-hour cable network.
Date: February 18, 2015
Topics: terrorism;women;punditfact
Context: a graphic on CNN Newsroom
Fact-check justification: This fact-check is a case study of what can go  when a news channel sacrifices nuance for an eye-catching graphic. On CNN, that graphic said, "ISIS LURES WOMEN WITH KITTENS, NUTELLA." There wasn’t much more to Costello’s introduction of the segment, but she did reference images of nutella, kittens and emojis that are used "in part" to recruit westerners. Costello’s words are technically accurate, but CNN’s click-baity graphic is incomplete and . In reality, ISIS is using a vast array of tactics to persuade people to give up their lives for their fight. No expert would say that someone would join ISIS for the reasons isolated on CNN. To boil down ISIS’ recruitment strategy of women to nutella, emojis and kittens is a vast oversimplification that borders on the . There is a shred of  to this  but not much beyond that. We rate it .
Statement: Following the catastrophic, cascading collapse of major investment banks on Wall Street in 2007.....Nobody was prosecuted, no hearings were held and no reforms were implemented.
Speaker: michael doherty
About the speaker: Michael Doherty is a Republican state Senator representing parts of Warren, Somerset and Hunterdon counties. He previously served in the state Assembly from 2002 to 2009.
Date: December 9, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: economy;financial regulation;occupy wall street
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: In a news release, Doherty claimed that following the collapse of major investment banks on Wall Street in 2007, "nobody was prosecuted, no hearings were held and no reforms were implemented." But major investment banks collapsed in 2008 and there have been some prosecutions, although not targeting high-profile Wall Street executives. Numerous hearings have been held and a financial reform law was enacted last year. Doherty has a point about the lack of prosecutions against high-profile Wall Street executives, but his overall argument about inaction by federal officials is flat-out . We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Shinzo Abe was assassinated because he "didn't mandate vaccines, sent 1.6 million doses back and gave citizens ivermectin.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 10, 2022
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that Abe was assassinated because he "didn’t mandate vaccines, sent 1.6 million doses back and gave citizens ivermectin." There is no  that Abe was killed for this reason; the investigation into his assassination continues, but police have said the shooter denied a political motive, according to reports. The Instagram post built on previously debunked allegations that Japan scrapped its vaccination efforts to focus on prescribing ivermectin for COVID-19. Although the country recalled some tainted Moderna shots, it continued vaccinating and did not authorize using ivermectin.  We rate this post .
Statement: Biden's climate requirements" will "cut 90% of red meat from diet" to a "max 4 lbs per year" and "one burger per month.
Speaker: fox news channel
About the speaker: Fox News Channel is a 24-hour cable channel focused on coverage of breaking news and politics. 
Date: April 23, 2021
Topics: environment;climate change;food;pundits;punditfact
Context: a TV graphic
Fact-check justification: In a graphic, Fox News claimed that "Biden's climate requirements" will "cut 90% of red meat from diet" to a "max 4 lbs per year" and "one burger per month." The graphic echoed other chyrons and statements made by the network’s personalities the day after Biden pledged to cut U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030. But the graphic is , and Roberts issued a correction days later. Biden’s climate plans do not include restrictions on red meat consumption, a White House official confirmed. Claims that they do trace back to a Daily Mail article that wrongly linked a 2020 study from the University of Michigan to Biden’s plans. We rate this  ! RELATED: How Fox News, far-right TV blamed green energy for Texas’ power outages
Statement: Under the Iran nuclear deal, "we give them $150 billion, we get nothing.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 15, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;nuclear
Context: a speech at Mar-a-Lago
Fact-check justification: Trump said under the Iran nuclear deal, "we give them $150 billion, we get nothing." Trump is referring to the amount of previously frozen Iranian assets the deal releases. To be clear, this is money that already belongs to Iran so we’re not "giving" them anything. The $150 billion is a high estimate, and most experts say the real figure is closer to $100 billion, while Iran is probably only able to access a fraction of that. In exchange for lifting the sanctions, the United States and its allies get to block Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon in the near future. One can argue whether we got enough, but we didn’t get "nothing."   We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Do you know that we have pipes carrying natural gas in this country that are made of wood? I'm not joking.
Speaker: bill maher
About the speaker: Bill Maher is a comedian and host of HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher. He also works as a comedian and actor.
Date: September 14, 2010
Location: national
Topics: energy;pundits
Context: an interview on CNN's "Larry King Live"
Fact-check justification: Still, if you eliminate the AP's  of existing wood pipe, since Kocher now disputes it, we see no  that wood pipe is currently being used. And since the burden of proof for the -o-Meter falls on the speaker, we rate Maher's  . CORRECTION: The initial version of this story stated incorrectly that the co-author of the Sept. 14, 2010, AP story, Garance Burke, had been the AP reporter who spoke to Kocher the previous year. In fact, the reporter for the 2009 AP story was Jennifer Peltz.
Statement: American families work hard to earn $4,250 a month. Obama is spending $18,972 a month on each illegal immigrant child.
Speaker: foramerica
About the speaker: According to its website, ForAmerica is a nonprofit group advocating personal freedom, personal responsibility, a commitment to Judeo-Christian values, a strong national defense and limited government.
Date: April 12, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration;federal budget
Context: a meme on social media
Fact-check justification: The meme said that "American families work hard to earn $4,250 a month. Obama is spending $18,972 a month on each illegal immigrant child." The numbers cited by the meme are rooted in reality, but the comparison is framed in a  way. The sum of money cited has been allotted to a small fraction of all undocumented immigrant children in the United States, and it isn’t going into their pockets as family earnings are. It’s also unclear whether this high rate of spending has continued to today. The statement has an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .