chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: 134,000 (criminal) aliens have been released by the (Obama) administration in just the past two years.
Speaker: hans von spakovsky
About the speaker: Hans von Spakovsky is a senior legal fellow at the Heritage Foundation.
Date: July 9, 2015
Topics: immigration;crime;punditfact
Context: an article on the Heritage Foundation website
Fact-check justification: Von Spakovsky said that the Obama administration had released about 134,000 criminal aliens. There are several flaws in this statement. About half of von Spakovsky’s total, 66,000, involved convicted criminals who had completed their sentences but remained in custody pending deportation. For some large fraction of that group, perhaps as high as 45 percent, it was a court ruling that drove the release, not a decision by the administration. Regarding the other half of von Spakovsky’s total, 68,000, it is likely that in most cases ICE decided not to pursue deportation. However, some portion of that group might not have been deportable, and some portion might have continued to serve out a locally imposed sentence and not been released. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: NASA discovers THC on meteorite fragment.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 23, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: And we didn’t find any credible news stories corroborating the headline in the post. But it appears it’s been online for several years now. In 2016, High Times Magazine reported that it seemed to originate on a website that publishes  news stories.   In the end, we found no  that NASA discovered THC on a meteorite fragment. We rate this post !
Statement: John McCain intervened, which helped Airbus get that Pentagon contract.
Speaker: campaign money watch
About the speaker: Campaign Money Watch is an independent political group known as a 527, after the section of the tax code that governs such groups.
Date: June 9, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics;military
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: It wasn't his call. "Intervening" is a subjective term. Some would say two letters arguing against subsidy disputes not being included in the bid competition constitutes intervening. But to imply those letters swung the contract in Airbus' favor overstates McCain's influence. We rate the  .
Statement: On the first day of the Ghislaine Maxwell trial, the CEO of Twitter resigned, the CEO of Walmart resigned, the CEO of CNBC resigned
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 30, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says, "On the first day of the Ghislaine Maxwell trial, the CEO of Twitter resigned, the CEO of Walmart resigned, the CEO of CNBC resigned." The chief executive officer of Twitter resigned on Nov. 29, the day the Maxwell trial began. He was under pressure from investors to do so, and we did not find any news reports linking his departure with the Maxwell trial. Walmart’s CEO did not resign, and neither did the head of CNBC. We rate this  .
Statement: Says North Carolinians are "already paying for" Medicaid expansion, even though the state hasn't expanded Medicaid.
Speaker: roy cooper
About the speaker: Roy Cooper, a Democrat, is the governor of North Carolina. Previously he was the attorney general, a state senator and a state representative.
Date: January 19, 2017
Location: north carolina
Topics: health care;medicaid;poverty;states;taxes
Context: a speech to business leaders
Fact-check justification: Roy Cooper said North Carolinians are "already paying for" Medicaid expansion, even though the state hasn’t expanded Medicaid. He was arguing for the state to go ahead and accept the expansion. He’s right that North Carolinians are already paying into the program, via federal taxes. Yet what he doesn’t mention is that the state government currently pays nothing into the program but would have to pay hundreds of millions of dollars per year if it did accept the expansion. Doing so would also increase the federal tax burden on people all over the country, including in North Carolina. We rate this  .
Statement: Marriage "decreases the probability of child poverty by 82 percent.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: January 8, 2014
Location: national
Topics: children;families;marriage;poverty
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Rubio said that marriage "decreases the probability of child poverty by 82 percent." Our research suggests that a more current and more accurate statistic to back up his  would be a decrease of 71 percent. That’s lower, but not dramatically so. We rate his  .
Statement: Already this calendar year, since January 1, we have had more than 20,000 people come across the border, apprehended, unauthorized.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: February 22, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;criminal justice;crime
Context: an interview on CBS's "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Discussing the security of the Texas-Mexico border, Abbott said since Jan. 1, 2015, "we have had more than 20,000 people come across the border, apprehended, unauthorized." State-provided figures indicate nearly 22,000 apprehensions by the Border Patrol from January through mid-February 2015. We didn't gather sufficient data to tell if that tally is down from the comparable part of 2014. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: There were more people at the Air and Space Museum" than at a rally against the health care bills.
Speaker: bob beckel
About the speaker: Bob Beckel is a former Democratic consultant and current Fox News co-host of "The Five."
Date: November 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;pundits
Context: Sean Hannity's show on Fox News
Fact-check justification: So, in the absence of an official count, we'll take McPhail's lead and give Allen's methodology some credence. That means the number of people attending the rally and visiting the Air and Space Museum was about the same. If he's right, it's by just a small margin. If he's , it's also by a small margin. So we find Beckel's  .
Statement: Racist picture of Democrat North Carolina Governor Roy Cooper emerges just days after he called on Ralph Northam to resign - DAILY MAIL.
Speaker: jacob wohl
About the speaker: Jacob Wohl is an active supporter of President Donald Trump on social media.
Date: February 7, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: fake news
Fact-check justification: We rate this . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide. To offer ideas for fact checks, email  [email protected] . News & Observer reporter Jane Stancill contributed to this report.
Statement: I have the No. 1 show on NBC.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 7, 2011
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;pop culture
Context: an interview on NBC's "Today" show
Fact-check justification: "It’s ," Berman said. "His show is doing well for NBC, but it’s not the No. 1." So Trump's boast needs some context. He's right for the most recent ratings, but not for the season overall. We find his  .
Statement: The average Republican voter thinks there should be some revenue as part of this deal.
Speaker: paul krugman
About the speaker: Paul Krugman is a columnist for the New York Times and professor of Economics and International Affairs at Princeton University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2008. He describes himself as liberal.
Date: July 31, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;polls and public opinion;pundits;this week - abc news;taxes
Context: on "This Week with Christiane Amanpour."
Fact-check justification: Nevertheless, the polling results are still conflicted. While we can point to several polls that support Krugman's statement, we can also point to some that refute it. Of the six polls we looked at, three polls showed Republicans favored a package that included some tax revenues, two polls showed opposition, and one poll was a statistical tie. We're not convinced polls show that the average Republican favors some form of tax increases to reduce the deficit. Overall, we rate Krugman's statement .
Statement: November 2012 was "a record year of turnout. More people voted before Election Day using absentee ballots and voting early than ever before in our history.
Speaker: ken detzner
About the speaker: Ken Detzner was appointed Secretary of State in February 2012 by Gov. Rick Scott. He was previously appointed to the same position by then Gov. Jeb Bush in 2003.
Date: November 9, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: As he was grilled about Florida’s long lines, Detzner said, "The turnout was unprecedented. It was a record year of turnout. More people voted before Election Day using absentee ballots and voting early than ever before in our history." He’s right that the sheer number of voters was a record, at 8.5 million. Also, he's right that more people "than ever before" voted early or absentee. But it was not the highest turnout by percentage. At 71 percent, 2012 marked the 12th highest turnout since 1954. We rate Detzner’s  .
Statement: Lloyd Doggett "made millions off companies like Bank of America while they took taxpayer bailout money.
Speaker: sylvia romo
About the speaker: Sylvia Romo, the Bexar County tax assessor-collector, sought a U.S. House seat created as a result of the sate's population gains from 2000 to 2010. The former member of the Texas House lost to Lloyd Doggett of Austin in the 2012 Democratic primary.
Date: May 20, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;economy;financial regulation
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: . In her mailer, Romo says Doggett "made millions off companies like Bank of America while they took taxpayer bailout money." We think it’s most reasonable to read Romo’s "while" as meaning Doggett made the millions at the same time companies took the bailout aid. That in mind, Doggett’s overall net worth may have climbed by several million dollars during the bank bailout years, though his earnings directly from stock in Bank of America and companies that fielded bailout money appears to have been less than $20,000 in those years. By tying Doggett’s increase in net worth directly to bailed-out banks, Romo’s statement conflates and inflates. We rate it .
Statement: The officers who beat Tyre Nichols targeted him because he was "allegedly dating" one of their wives.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 26, 2023
Topics: criminal justice;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that the officers who beat Nichols before he died targeted him because he was "allegedly dating" one officer’s wife.   Investigators have not released a clear motive for the officers’ actions and the officers’ attorneys also have not commented. PolitiFact found no  to substantiate the claims that Nichols was involved with one of the officers’ wives, girlfriends or exes. Nichols’ stepfather said the claims were untrue. We rate this unsubstantiated  . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. RELATED: Here’s what you should know about the  that Tyre Nichols was ‘reckless driving’
Statement: Algeria "wanted to be taken off of the terror list" at the time it made an unreported donation to the Clinton Foundation.
Speaker: joe scarborough
About the speaker: Joe Scarborough, a former Republican congressman from Florida, is the host of "Morning Joe" on MSNBC. He is a lawyer with Beggs and Lane, the oldest firm in Florida and a former publisher and editor of "The Florida Sun," a newspaper.
Date: April 27, 2015
Topics: ethics;homeland security;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: a segment on 'Morning Joe'
Fact-check justification: Scarborough was trying to recall the details of a news story about Clinton Foundation donations from foreign governments when he brought up Algeria’s donation to the foundation to try getting off the "terror list." There are parts about the donations that may not look good for Clinton. Maybe it becomes a legal problem, maybe it’s just a political one. But to  the foundation took donations from a country on the terrorist list is . Scarborough’s  rates .
Statement: Says every time someone purchases a Bang energy drink, a portion of the money is donated to help re-elect Donald Trump and "goes to the fund campaign for MAGA!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 5, 2019
Topics: campaign finance;corporations;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Your brilliance has fueled the most epic turn of events in the history of politics. God bless the inevitable – Trump wins! #TrumpAddress I LOVE MY PRESIDENT @realDonaldTrump 🇺🇸❤️ It can be argued that the energy drink’s sales may have boosted the amount the parent company chose to donate and could help fuel future donations, but it is  to say a portion of each Bang energy drink purchase directly funds Trump’s re-election campaign or other Trump 2020 efforts. The  is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: 18 percent of our land in our state right now is either federally, state or county owned for conservation purposes.
Speaker: alberta darling
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Sen. Alberta Darling, R-River Hills, served in the state Assembly from 1990 to 1992 and has served in the state Senate since 1992. She survived a recall election in August 2011 by defeating state Rep. Sandy Pasch (D-Whitefish Bay).
Date: May 15, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;animals;recreation
Context: a legislative meeting
Fact-check justification: To be sure, the total percentage of land in Wisconsin set aside for conservation is actually somewhat higher, because neither the fiscal bureau nor the DNR attempted to count how many acres of conservation land are owned by tribes, municipalities or private entities. But Darling’s  was strictly on federal, state and county land. Our rating Darling said 18 percent of land in Wisconsin "is either federally, state or county owned for conservation purposes." The more up-to-date figure is 17 percent, but it is an estimate. We rate Darling’s  .
Statement: Philadelphia is "clouding the vote counting in a shroud of darkness.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: November 5, 2020
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: elections;texas
Context: a Fox News interview
Fact-check justification: Cruz said Philadelphia is "clouding the vote counting in a shroud of darkness." That’s not the case. A judge ruled to let election observers watch the count from closer up, but representatives from both parties have been allowed to observe the process all along. The counting is also being streamed live online. We rate Cruz’s statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: The claim that 97 percent of scientists believe humans are causing climate change has been debunked by the "head" of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. "That number was pulled out of thin air.
Speaker: rick santorum
About the speaker: Rick Santorum is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2012.
Date: August 28, 2015
Location: national
Topics: climate change;corrections and updates;polls and public opinion;science
Context: an interview with Bill Maher
Fact-check justification: Santorum said, "The 97 percent figure that’s thrown around, the head of the UN IPC (sic) said that number was pulled out of thin air. It was based on a survey of 77 scientists." Santorum’s  confuses several points. First, the critic of the 97 percent he’s referring to isn’t the "head" of the UN’s climate panel, but an economist who has collaborated with but has since left the IPCC. Second, the 97 percent doesn’t come from one specific survey — it appears in at least three. And finally, the study Santorum describes isn’t the one the economist objects to. Moreover, Tol himself doesn’t refute the notion of broad scientific consensus on man-made climate change. Santorum’s  is . We rate it . Correction, Sept. 3, 2015, 10:45 a.m: Cook's analysis looked at over 4,000 studies that took a position on man-made climate change. An earlier version of this fact-check had a different figure.
Statement: Says "no one under the age of 20 has died of the coronavirus. We still don't know whether children can get it and transmit it to others.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: July 9, 2020
Location: texas
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Cornyn said that "no one under the age of 20 has died of the coronavirus. We still don’t know whether children can get it and transmit it to others." Cornyn’s  is  on multiple counts: First, numerous children across the country and in Texas have contracted the coronavirus and some have died as a result. Research indicates that children are able to transmit the coronavirus, but there has been little research into how the rate of transmission may vary compared to adults. Transmission involving children does not appear to make up the bulk of the spread. We rate this  .
Statement: If you know someone's name and date of birth you can change their votes on Oregon's voting website.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 18, 2020
Location: oregon
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a thread on 4chan
Fact-check justification: A thread on 4chan said if you know someone's name and date of birth you can change their votes on Oregon’s voting website. The state elections website does not allow voters to cast ballots online. If you can’t vote online, you certainly can’t change someone’s vote online. Military and overseas voters  as well as voters with disabilities can download their ballot online, but they must return the ballot with the proper identifying information, including their signature. Their signature will be compared against their signature in the voter registration file before being accepted. Altering someone’s voter registration or attempting to vote another person’s ballot are both crimes in Oregon. It is a felony punishable with up to 5 years in prison and a $125,000 fine.  We rate this  ! Spot a  about potential misinformation about voting? Email [email protected] This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Says of UW-Madison, "It cost the university $50k (your tax dollars) to remove" a rock considered by some a symbol of racism.
Speaker: rachel campos-duffy
About the speaker: Rachel Campos-Duffy, the wife of U.S. Rep. Sean Duffy, R-Wis., is a conservative pundit, writer and occasional TV show host. She first gained notoriety on MTV's "The Real World."
Date: August 7, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;race and ethnicity
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Campos-Duffy claimed "It cost the university $50k (your tax dollars) to remove" a rock considered by some a symbol of racism. But the university did not use taxpayer money. Indeed, university officials have repeatedly stated that donations were going to be used to fund the removal of the rock. They were even quoted as saying such in the article Campos-Duffy cited.  We rate this  .
Statement: If you line up all the countries that have done (Covid-19) testing on a per-capita basis, we're at the bottom of the list.
Speaker: bobby scott
About the speaker: Bobby Scott, D-3rd, has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1993. The district is comprised of all of Charles City and Surry counties and Petersburg and Portsmouth and portions of Henrico and Prince George counties and Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk and Richmond. Scott has seats on the Judiciary and Education and Labor committees.
Scott previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1979-83 and in the state Senate in 1983-93. He was a member of the National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve. He was a lawyer in a private practice from 1973-91.
Scott was born in Washington, D.C. He earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., in 1969 and a law degree from Boston College in 1973.
Date: April 2, 2020
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Scott said on April 2, "If you line up all the countries that have done (Covid-19) testing on a per capita basis, we’re at the bottom of the list."   His statement was based on an early-March estimate by Vox that was outdated when Scott spoke. U.S. testing had expanded 130-fold by April 2, and has doubled again in the last two weeks. Vox now estimates the U.S. is somewhere near the middle. Other, more expansive research notes that nations differ in how they collect data, preventing "meaningful comparisons." There’s widespread agreement the U.S. got off to a slow start on testing and, despite gains, far greater testing is still essential. But the burden falls on Scott to prove his  that the U.S. was last per capita in early April, and his  doesn’t stand up. So, we rate his statement .