chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Newt balanced the federal budget.
Speaker: winning our future
About the speaker: Winning Our Future is a Super PAC supporting Newt Gingrich for president in 2012.
Date: December 27, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;message machine 2012
Context: a video ad
Fact-check justification: Winning Our Future’s ad says, "Newt balanced the federal budget." Gingrich was House speaker in 1998, the first year of the surplus, and he can be given some credit for the 1999 surplus, even though he was out of Congress for most of that fiscal year. Even so, simply being speaker during the surplus years doesn’t mean that the balanced budget was his doing. He pushed for it, yes. But other factors like Clinton’s 1993 tax increase -- which Gingrich opposed -- were at work, too. And our experts agreed that a booming economy, generating millions more revenue, was the single most important factor, and one that no politician can take credit for. We rate the ad’s  .
Statement: Scott Walker "couldn't get his own party" to back more than a 500-student increase in Milwaukee's school choice program, but in Indiana, "Mitch Daniels' voucher program is approaching 30,000 students two years after opening.
Speaker: joy pullmann
About the speaker: Joy Pullmann is managing editor of The Federalist and an education research fellow at The Heartland Institute.
Date: November 11, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: an opinion piece
Fact-check justification: We asked Walker press secretary Laurel Patrick why the Republican governor proposed a cap on out-state enrollment. "Our office worked with the Legislature and this was the avenue that had the most support, especially due to concerns about funding and the capacity for expansion," Patrick told us. Our rating Pullmann wrote  that Scott Walker "couldn’t get his own party" to back more than a 500-student increase in Milwaukee’s school choice program, but in Indiana, "Mitch Daniels’ voucher program is approaching 30,000 students two years after opening." She’s on target on the basic notion of Indiana’s speed vs. Wisconsin’s gradualism, but leaves out or muffs some important details. We rate her  .
Statement: Says at polling places in Texas on Super Tuesday "the Republican side gets 25 machines, the Democratic side gets 5 machines. People were literally standing in line for seven hours.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: March 4, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: As chronicled by numerous press reports, wait times lasted as long as seven hours at points, particularly in communities of color and on college campuses." Our Ruling Clinton said that voters in Texas had to wait in long lines because "the Republican side gets 25 machines, the Democratic side gets five machines." Clinton is right that people in Texas waited for hours to vote, but she’s off on the polling machine disparity. In the county that experienced the longest lines on Super Tuesday, a main problem was the opposite of what Clinton described: a local decision to provide an equal number of machines for Republicans and Democrats at each voting location. We rate this  .
Statement: Dr. Anthony "Fauci told us there's nothing to worry about. That's his quote, 'There's nothing to worry about.'
Speaker: steve bannon
About the speaker: Steve Bannon is Breitbart chairman and a former Trump White House aide and strategist.
Date: April 14, 2020
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: That’s his quote, ‘There’s nothing to worry about.’ " Fauci did say twice in late January, when there was one reported COVID-19 case in the U.S., that American shouldn’t worry about the virus. But Bannon omits an important detail: Both times, Fauci added that the situation could change. So we rate Bannon’s statement .
Statement: Former Attorney General Bill Barr "says Donald Trump is a spy.
Speaker: mark kaye
About the speaker: Conservative talk show host who is based at a Jacksonville, Florida, radio station and hosts a TV show on Newsmax.
Date: June 16, 2023
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a TikTok post
Fact-check justification: The Trump documents indictment: Which charges are most serious? Can he still run in 2024? RELATED: How do Donald Trump and Joe Biden's classified documents cases compare? RELATED: The differences in Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton’s classified document cases
Statement: The U.S. "could easily count every vote in every state on election night until a few years ago.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 2, 2022
Topics: elections
Context: on social media
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post said the U.S. "could easily count every vote in every state on election night until a few years ago." The increased use of voting by mail in recent elections has slowed ballot counting.  However, the  is too sweeping and ignores examples of recent national or statewide contests that remained undecided for weeks or months after Election Day. ​Some cities or counties may release unofficial counts on election night, but they usually continue counting for days as officials sort out absentee ballots or provisional ballots. States’ deadline for official results is not on Election Day. The biggest factor in news outlets’ ability to call a race is not the number of ballots counted but the competitiveness of the race. We rate the statement . RELATED : Ted Cruz’s   that only Democratic cities take days to count votes RELATED : Not all results will be known on election night 2022. That’s normal RELATED : Why France reports election results faster than the US
Statement: Members of the military don't "contribute toward their pension.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: December 19, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: deficit;federal budget;military;pensions;retirement
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: **An aggregate figure. For most federal employees, the government contributes 12.7%; the employer and employee percentages are higher for law enforcement officers and certain other types of federal employees. Our rating Ryan said members of the military don’t "contribute toward their pension." Civilian federal employees contribute a portion of their pay toward their pensions, but members of the military don’t. We rate Ryan’s statement .
Statement: Says Illinois Democrat David Gill "would end Medicare.
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: September 10, 2012
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2012
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: The NRCC ad claims, "David Gill: His plan would end Medicare." But we find that's a   that ignores the sweeping nature of what he supported. He actually supported an expansion of a government-run plan so that everyone would have Medicare-like coverage -- including seniors. The NRCC ad completely distorts the plan in an attempt to scare seniors. !
Statement: Handel endorsed gay adoption" in 2003 when she was running for chairwoman of the Fulton County Commission.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: May 12, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: lgbtq
Context: the Rome News Tribune
Fact-check justification: There is no , other than a passing statement by Yeager in an extinct newspaper, that Handel ever voiced support for gay adoptions. And in subsequent runs for office, she has repeatedly declared she opposes it. There is some smoke here -- a widely distributed publication stated that Handel supported gay adoption, and she never asked for a correction. But the bulk of  appears to back Handel’s denial. We rate Deal’s statement .
Statement: A "face mask exempt card" allows you to cite the ADA and not wear a mask.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 23, 2020
Topics: civil rights;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an image
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that a "face mask exempt card" allows you to cite the ADA and not wear a mask. The advisory is not real. The FTBA is not a part of the U.S. government, and the ADA only provides legal protections to Americans who genuinely have disabilities. Legal experts say it’s possible that there could be some situations in which businesses may have to alter their operations to comply with the law. It’s also possible that some people could abuse the ADA to try to get around mask requirements. But that does not mean those people are exempt from wearing face masks. The Instagram post is , so we rate it .
Statement: Gonzales' losing campaign against me last spring was funded with more than $1 million from supporters and allies of Governor Bruce Rauner.
Speaker: michael madigan
About the speaker: Attorney; born April 19, 1942, in Chicago; graduate of the University of Notre Dame and Loyola University Law School; House Majority Leader, 80th and 81st General Assemblies; House Minority Leader, 82nd and 89th General Assemblies; Speaker of the House, 83rd to 88th General Assemblies and 90th to 98th General Assemblies; married (wife, Shirley), has three daughters, one son, and three granddaughters.
 
Date: August 8, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Madigan said, "Gonzales’ losing campaign against me last spring was funded with more than $1 million from supporters and allies of Governor Bruce Rauner." Indeed, Gonzales’ campaign received big donations from people who also gave to Rauner’s campaign fund, but the speaker implies that every donation came from individuals and groups aligned with the governor. In fact, a few of Gonzales’ top donors have also contributed to Democrats and one of his top five donors contributed to Gonzales and no one else. Further, Madigan’s "more than $1 million" includes spending by the Illinois United for Change super PAC, despite the fact that super PAC money cannot be given directly to a candidate’s campaign nor can it be coordinated with a candidate’s campaign. We rate Madigan’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/7a1d2957-50ad-4415-a9b1-895f7e25d265
Statement: As Governor: Romney did not keep public safety funding in line with inflation.
Speaker: american bridge 21st century
About the speaker: American Bridge 21st Century is a Democratic super PAC.
Date: June 7, 2012
Location: national
Topics: history;message machine 2012;public safety;state budget;states
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: There are ways to fiddle with the numbers so that spending on "public safety" declined compared to inflation while Romney was governor. But there are more ways, and we think more credible ways, to calculate it that show spending increases on Romney’s watch. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: Believe it or not, consumer spending is up over the last eight months.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: July 17, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy
Context: an appearance on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: And he agreed that the rate of grown adjusted for inflation was also a good measure. When seasonally adjusted for inflation, Burtless said that consumer spending actually fell slightly, by one-tenth of a percentage point in two months, April and May. Kasich is correct, though,  that consumer spending, measured in inflation-adjusted dollars, has been risen overall the past eight months. In fact, the year-over-year spending comparison shows that real consumer spending has been higher than the year ago amount since December 2009. On the -O-Meter, we rate Kasich’s  .
Statement: We have created more jobs in this last year than the Bush administration (did) in eight years.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: April 19, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: He’s correct about the declining unemployment rate. He’s also accurate about the gains made in the last year. The figure also falls within the context that the recovery has been slow and painful but the job picture is improving of late, albeit slowly. Understanding how he slices job numbers in his comparison is a point that provides clarification. On the -O-Meter, we rate Biden’s statement as .
Statement: Says "Paul Ryan supports banning all abortions, even in cases of rape or incest.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 17, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: abortion
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: We rate Obama’s  . Editor's Note: This item was changed on Oct. 26, 2012 to correct the record on Paul Ryan's position on exceptions to a partial-birth abortion ban. That National Right to Life Committee pointed out an inconsistency between our our original description of Ryan's position and the documentation cited in the item. After further reporting, we have changed the item to reflect that Ryan has supported an exception to the ban in cases where the life of the mother is in danger. Such an exception was written into the partial-birth abortion law passed in 2003.
Statement: Video shows boxes of books removed from a middle school library that were "banned by the DeSantis regime in Florida.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 22, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: education;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: School district and state officials said the video showed books that were being "weeded out" at McNicol Middle School in Hollywood, Florida — a common library practice to ensure material is current.   The video made  claims about why the books were being taken out of the library. We rate this  . RELATED:   Ron DeSantis said that not ‘a single book’ was banned in Florida. Districts have removed dozens.
Statement: The largest number of bankruptcies in our country are really as a result of health care.
Speaker: patrick kennedy
About the speaker: Patrick Kennedy is a former Democratic congressman from Rhode Island. He served from 1995 to 2011, opting not to seek re-election in 2010 following the death of his father, Massachusetts Sen. Ted Kennedy.
Date: July 13, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: bankruptcy;economy;health care
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Patrick Kennedy said "The largest number of bankruptcies in our country are really as a result of health care." While Kennedy didn’t cite any data to back his assertion, he could have relied upon the Harvard study to provide some support for his statement. But the Institute for Financial Literacy report undercuts the , with 70 percent of respondents citing credit problems  and only 31 percent  "illness/injury" as the leading cause of their bankruptcies. Since the matter is not nearly as clear-cut as Kennedy presented it, we rate his  "."
Statement: Breaking: Trump fires deputy attorney general Rod Rosenstein, raising questions over Mueller's fate.
Speaker: houstonchronicle-tv.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: December 8, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: No justice!" Trump tweeted a day after Michael Flynn, his former national security adviser, pleaded guilty to one count of making  statements to federal investigators related to lying to the FBI that he hadn’t spoken about sanctions with Russian ambassador Sergey Kislyak. But a critical tweet is a far cry from a firing. Trump hasn’t fired deputy attorney general Rod Rosenstein. We rate this headline .
Statement: Walmart is "kidnapping kids" and selling them, and this can be proven by searching "girls shoes $5,000" on Walmart.com.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 23, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts  that Walmart is "kidnapping kids" and selling them on Walmart.com under the guise of high-priced shoes. There is no  to support these claims. A Walmart spokesperson denied the allegations and said an investigation into the items in question revealed the prices that raised concern appeared to be "simple errors." We rate this  !
Statement: The COVID-19 vaccine is the "deadliest vaccine ever made.
Speaker: robert f. kennedy, jr.
About the speaker: Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., is running for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2024. Kennedy has worked as an environmental lawyer, author and anti-vaccine activist. 
Date: December 6, 2021
Location: national
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a meeting with Louisiana lawmakers
Fact-check justification: Kennedy claimed that the COVID-19 vaccine is the deadliest vaccine ever made according to deaths reported in VAERS. VAERS is an unreliable source, and the agencies that run it say its reports cannot be used on their own to establish whether a vaccine caused any adverse event.  Health officials and experts said that the COVID-19 vaccines are safe and comparable to others, and that they would have been discontinued if they had caused many deaths. We rate this !
Statement: There was "some sort of informal commitment to build a (psychiatric) building in downtown Cleveland.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: March 8, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: state budget
Context: his State of the State speech
Fact-check justification: Characterizing the arrangement as "some sort of an informal commitment to build a building in downtown Cleveland" suggests vagueness about the plans. That’s not the case. People in Cleveland and Columbus worked for years on this project. We think a listener hearing Kasich's description would be surprised by these details: Given those details, we think characterizing the effort as some sort of an informal commitment is not just , but also . On the -O-Meter, that rates as .
Statement: Says Sen. Jon Tester "believes that we should have a national registration so that the people of Montana should have to ask permission before they purchase a gun, ask permission from the federal government.
Speaker: matthew rosendale
About the speaker: Matthew Rosendale is seeking the Republican nomination in Montana’s 2018 U.S. Senate race. He is currently Montana's state auditor.
Date: July 31, 2017
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: Voices of Montana radio show
Fact-check justification: Rosendale said Tester "believes that we should have a national registration so that the people of Montana should have to ask permission before they purchase a gun, ask permission from the federal government." Tester’s record shows opposition to a federal list of lawfully-owned guns and gun owners. To  he supports this is . We rate this .
Statement: We have an Army that just cut 40,000 spots.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: August 18, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: military
Context: a speech at the Iowa State Fair
Fact-check justification: Rubio said, "We have an Army that just cut 40,000 spots." Rubio was referring to an announcement by the Army in July that it will cut 40,000 spots by fiscal year 2018. Those cuts had been talked about for several months, but the specifics were released in July. The cuts will start this fall but are expected to continue under the next president. Since the end date is under a new president and Congress, it’s difficult to guess if they will all happen, but that’s the plan for now. We rate this  .
Statement: Tampa got more (federal housing) money because they scored higher on the blight scoring system, so they've got a much bigger problem than we do.
Speaker: bill foster
About the speaker: Bill Foster was elected mayor of St. Petersburg in 2009. He is a former St. Petersburg City Council member.
Date: September 10, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: housing;urban
Context: a mayoral forum
Fact-check justification: Shrugging off the implication that he is sitting back and letting Tampa collect federal affordable housing grants, Foster said Tampa gets more money because they scored higher on the "blight scoring system." In the end, Foster is right that Tampa generally gets more money in entitlement grants (not even considering competitive grants). But that’s as much a matter of population and poverty as anything else. A "blight scoring system" does not exist by that name. Foster’s  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: White House staff compiled a number of gorilla documentaries into a makeshift gorilla channel" for President Donald Trump.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: January 4, 2018
Topics: animals;candidate biography;fake news;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Come on. A phony gorilla channel for President Trump hacked together by his staff to distract him? Do we need to say more than ?