chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says explosive devices mailed to prominent Democrats and Trump critics confirm the "deep state (is) launching false flag against (mainstream media)/Dems to blame Trump & pro-America forces.
Speaker: alex jones
About the speaker: Alex Jones is a conservative radio show host based in Austin, Texas. He hosts The Alex Jones Show and runs InfoWars.com, a website known to traffic in fake news and conspiracy theories.
Date: October 24, 2018
Topics: terrorism;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: None of the devices detonated. The identity of the perpetrator and their motive is not known, and a spokesman for the FBI said the bureau has no comment. Despite an absence of , Jones of InfoWars laid the blame on the so-called "deep state," a supposed cabal of anti-Trump government bureaucrats, who loom large in the minds of conspiracy theorists. We asked InfoWars for , and they did not respond to our request. We rate this  .
Statement: Today, there are more Hoosiers going to work than ever before in the 200-year history of the great state of Indiana.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: July 12, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: Indiana
Fact-check justification: Pence said, "Today, there are more Hoosiers going to work than ever before in the 200-year history of the great state of Indiana." Literally, Pence has a point: More Indiana residents are employed now than at any time in the past. But it’s a data point with very little meaning, since, as any statistician will tell you, it doesn’t take into account the size of the state’s population. Looking instead at the percentage of Hoosiers working shows that the percentage was higher during the previous employment peak in 2000. And the widely used unemployment rate — which is even more precise because it is based on the number of residents who are actively looking for a job — has been lower than its current rate over long stretches of recent history. We rate the statement .
Statement: He's been in office nearly four years now, but 40% of Wisconsinites don't know who (U.S. Sen.) Ron Johnson is.
Speaker: democratic party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Democratic Party of Wisconsin focuses on advancing state Democratic candidates and related issues.
Date: June 12, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: congress;polls and public opinion
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Our rating The state Democratic Party said: "He’s been in office nearly four years now, but 40% of Wisconsinites don't know who Ron Johnson is." In the most recent statewide poll that asked about Johnson, 40 percent of registered voters said they didn’t know him well enough to have an opinion about him and another 4 percent said they didn’t know if they had an opinion of him. But that falls short of  that 40 percent don't even know who he is. We rate the  . To comment on this item, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel website .
Statement: Says federal regulation of the wolf population has led to attacks on livestock, driving down production, leading to dairy farms going out of business.
Speaker: tom tiffany
About the speaker: In 2004 and 2008, Tom Tiffany ran for the 12th State Senate District, first against Senator Roger Breske, and then Jim Holperin losing both times in very close elections. In 2010, he ran for the Wisconsin State Assembly after the position was vacated by retiring incumbent, Representative Donald Friske. Tiffany won the primary, and later defeated Democrat Jay Schmelling 58.09% - 41.81%.
In 2012 Tiffany chose not to seek re-election to the State Assembly and to seek election to the State Senate after Holperin announced he would not run for reelection. He defeated Democrat Susan Sommer, 56% - 40%, in the general election on November 6, 2012. Tiffany succeeded fellow Republican Sean Duffy in Congress, winning a special election against Democrat Tricia Zunker in 2020.
Date: December 12, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: agriculture;animals
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Tiffany claimed federal regulation of the wolf population has led to attacks on livestock, driving down production, leading to dairy farms going out of business.  But the number of cows killed by wolves is tiny in comparison to the size of the state’s dairy industry, which has been battered by years of low milk prices, declining consumption and a host of global economic factors. What’s more, the rise in the wolf population came amid a period of growing milk production. And it’s that over supply that is helping drive down prices.  Our definition for  is "the statement is not accurate and makes a  ." That fits here.
Statement: Wisconsin's graduation rates have grown to over 90 percent" since Tony Evers became state school superintendent.
Speaker: tony evers
About the speaker: Tony Evers, a Democrat, was elected Wisconsin governor in November 2018. His term begins in January 2019. Evers has served as the Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction, a non-partisan position, since 2009. He previously worked as a teacher and school district administrator.
Date: February 13, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Our rating Evers claimed on Facebook: "Wisconsin’s graduation rates have grown to over 90%" since he became state school superintendent. By the traditional measure -- graduation in four years -- Wisconsin’s rate is one of the best in America, but still below 90 percent using one approach. Using the other, it topped that mark before Evers even took office. Meanwhile, the extended-year graduation rate provides an element of  to the . That puts it at  .
Statement: Miami-Dade County has banned" Amanda Gorman's poem "from elementary schools.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 26, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that Miami-Dade County banned Gorman’s poem from elementary schools. There was no countywide effort to remove this poem. A single school, after a parent complained, decided to move the poem to its library’s middle-school section. Some younger students can still access the poem if they can show they read at a fifth grade level; access for others is restricted. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Says Tony Evers will "raise property taxes, raise income taxes and raise gas taxes by as much as a dollar a gallon.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: September 20, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: agriculture;education;income;state budget;transportation;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Or what it’s like to do fact checks on Donald Trump and other national figures? PolitiFact Wisconsin is hosting a panel discussion about fact checking and the 2018 election at 6 p.m. Tuesday, Oct. 23 at Anodyne Coffee, 224 W Bruce St., Milwaukee. Participating in the panel will be Angie Holan, editor of the national PolitiFact operation, Greg Borowski, editor of PolitiFact Wisconsin, and Tom Kertscher, PolitiFact Wisconsin reporter.    The event is free, but preregistration is required. Register at jsonline.com/politifactevent .
Statement: Wisconsin's monthly job reports have a "margin of error" of 75 percent and were "way off" in eight of first 10 months of 2011.
Speaker: rebecca kleefisch
About the speaker: Rebecca Kleefisch was the lieutenant governor of Wisconsin from 2011-19 under Gov. Scott Walker. She previously worked as a TV anchor and reporter, most recently with WISN-TV in Milwaukee. Kleefisch was defeated August 9, 2022 in her Republican primary bid for Republican nomination for governor.
 
Date: December 18, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs;labor
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Kleefisch said the monthly jobs numbers have a "margin of error" of 75 percent and were "way off" in eight of the first 10 months of 2011. In her response to the question, Kleefisch did some mixing of apples and oranges and using the phrase "margin of error" was . But she did define her terms in the interview. The difference between the preliminary and revised numbers was 75 percent or higher in two of the first 10 months of 2011. As for "way off," on average, the variations between preliminary and final estimates in 2011 have been significant: 37 percent for total non-farm jobs and 27 percent for private-sector jobs. Kleefisch's statement is partially accurate but left out important details -- our definition of .
Statement: Rick Perry doesn't think there should be a federal minimum wage.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: May 29, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: economy;federal budget;state budget
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: The Democratic committee said Perry doesn’t think there should be a federal minimum wage. He’s said that lately. We rate this  as .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The U.S. has a "record number of oil rigs operating right now – more working oil and gas rigs than the rest of the world combined.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: February 23, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: energy
Context: Miami
Fact-check justification: Obama made two claims here, and neither one is simple to dissect. Obama’s  that the U.S. has "more working oil and gas rigs than the rest of the world combined" is borne out by the best available data. But that data doesn’t tell the full picture because it excludes China and Russia, where getting accurate rig counts is difficult.  Obama also said that we have a "record number of oil rigs operating right now." That’s  if Obama starts the clock in 1987, but it’s possible that 1981 may have been the record. Again, we can’t say for sure, because record-keeping is incomplete. He’s right that that the United States is in the midst of a strong effort to increase domestic energy production, but we found  that undercuts the literal accuracy of his claims. So we rate this statement .
Statement: So Oscar Health, the company tapped by Trump to profit from covid tests, is a Kushner company. Imagine that, profits over national safety.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 15, 2020
Topics: ethics;health care;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says: "So Oscar Health, the company tapped by Trump to profit from covid tests, is a Kushner company. Imagine that, profits over national safety." The Kushner family is connected to Oscar Health, a health insurance company that recently launched a website to help locate nearby testing centers for the novel coronavirus.  Business Insider reported that Oscar Health shared the code it developed with HHS after it made its online portal public. But we found no  that Trump formally designated the company to help with the White House’s COVID-19 testing efforts. We rate this post .
Statement: Obama held one of the first meetings of his political career in Bill Ayers's home. And they've worked together on various projects in Chicago.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: October 6, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: Clearwater, Fla
Fact-check justification: Neither chose the other to work with either group. Voters can decide for themselves how much stock to put in all that. And they may disagree with the implications that are inherent in Palin mentioning such connections. Palin generally has her facts right here, but she ignores an important element -- Obama's condemnation of Ayers' history -- and implies a closer relationship than the record supports. We find her  .
Statement: The fiscal cliff deal "increased spending.
Speaker: tom price
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Price is the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the Trump administration. Previously, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives for the 6th District of Georgia, an area that includes Marietta and Canton.
Date: January 2, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: federal budget
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: But if spending had stayed at 2012 levels, it would be higher.      Price’s  on spending is technically accurate. But he leaves out critical  information. And he mixes his budget baselines to make a point. In our book, that’s a .
Statement: Even after Syrian troops began to shoot protesters in the streets with live ammunition in 2011, Clinton labeled Bashar al-Assad a 'reformer.' 
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: October 22, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Breitbart
Fact-check justification: Rubio said "even after Syrian troops began to shoot protesters in the streets with live ammunition in 2011, Clinton labeled Bashar al-Assad a ‘reformer.’ " Rubio has a point that in a March 2011 interview, Clinton did use the word "reformer" to describe al-Assad. However, Rubio glosses over the fact that she didn’t say that was her personal opinion of him, but rather the view of some members of Congress. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: Says Ronald Reagan said, "Nancy Pelosi is extremely evil.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 26, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But we couldn’t find any  that Reagan called Pelosi evil, or denounced her family as corrupt. That’s because it doesn’t exist, according to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation and Institute. Joanne Drake, chief administrative officer for the organization, said she could tell PolitiFact "with great conviction that Ronald Reagan never spoke those words. Ever." We rate this post !
Statement: We worked together to enact ... the largest tax cut in Florida history.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: March 2, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Portability, for instance, was predicted to cut taxable property values by $11.5 billion in 2008. But it cut property values only $3.4 billion, the analysis showed. In the absence of additional data, and with the knowledge that Save Our Homes has cut property tax bills for Florida residents $32 billion or more, we find no changes since we rated this in September. We can't agree with Crist that the 2007 and 2008 changes constitute the largest tax cut in state history. We rule Crist's statement .
Statement: A White House photographer took a picture of Donald Trump at the White House on Oct. 24.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 26, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Yesterday!" the account tweeted. But, of course, the picture wasn’t taken on Oct. 19. It was taken in October 2015, when then-President Obama held a press conference with the president of South Korea.   We rate claims that this photo of Trump was taken this week .
Statement: President Trump has banned welfare for illegal immigrants which will save $57.4 billion a year.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 9, 2020
Topics: immigration;welfare
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The source of the $57.4 billion figure is unclear. A study estimated a $57.4 billion annual cost to state and local governments for first generation immigrants and their dependents. Schooling costs accounted for the bulk of that cost. The post is . We rate it .
Statement: Congress is "on a five-week vacation.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: August 8, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: congress
Context: Fort Worth
Fact-check justification: Perry said Congress is taking a five-week vacation. Actually, Congress is a couple weeks into its annual August recess, in keeping with the 1970 law, though Perry has a point in that members aren’t debating matters on the floor of the House or Senate. Our sense is that even if members take some dog days off, the recess isn’t a no-work vacation. Members continue to attend to their districts by holding town halls and other meetings; many also campaign. We rate Perry’s  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check
Statement: Oregon Rep. Tina Kotek, D-Portland, has "never held a job nor run a business
Speaker: bill post
About the speaker: Post, a self-described conservative Republican, hosts a daily radio talk show in the Salem-Keizer area. In December, he announced his candidacy for House District 25, which includes Keizer, St. Paul and Newberg.
Date: January 9, 2014
Location: oregon
Context: a tweet by Post
Fact-check justification: Kotek hasn’t "run a business" in the traditional sense but has worked as a self-employed consultant. Post did later admit he was  on his assertion. But he also acknowledged that he made his  about Kotek with zero research or knowledge -- noting, even, that "It could have been anyone" and "I just pulled that out of my hat." That shows an extreme disregard for the . We rate his  .
Statement: I turned "a $110 million deficit into a $1.6 million surplus for our city.
Speaker: angel taveras
About the speaker: Angel Taveras served a four-year term as the mayor of Providence, R.I. beginning in Jan. 3, 2011, the first Dominican-American to be elected mayor in the state. In 2014 he lost the Democratic primary when he ran for governor. Taveras, a lawyer and former Housing Court judge, replaced David N. Cicilline, who was elected to Congress in Rhode Island's 1st District. He is a graduate of  Harvard University and Georgetown Law School.
Date: May 12, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: candidate biography;city budget;city government;debt;deficit;economy;history;unions;taxes
Context: a fundraising letter
Fact-check justification: In a fundraising letter, Angel Taveras said he turned "a $110 million deficit into a $1.6 million surplus for our city." The average reader would get the impression that the city was $110 million in debt but now has an extra $1.6 million. The threat of a $110 million deficit was real, but the city's actual debt never accumulated to anything close to that amount. To their credit, Taveras, his staff and the city's unions engineered a major turnaround in the city's finances that prevented that from happening. The $1.6 million surplus was also real, but only for that year. And by then the city was so deep in debt, its general fund was still $9.8 million in the hole. And if the city hits its target this year, it will still be roughly $8.8 million in the red when the fiscal year ends June 30. Although Taveras accurately characterized the potential deficit in his budget speech, the campaign letter that initially caught our attention gives the  impression that (a.) the city was $110 million in debt when it wasn't and (b.) it's not in debt anymore, which it is. The campaign fundraising letter oversimplifies and overreaches to the point of being deceptive. Because the statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it   . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Agriculture is the No. 1 industry here in Pennsylvania.
Speaker: kathy barnette
About the speaker: Kathy Barnette is a conservative activist who is running for a U.S. Senate seat in Pennsylvania.
Date: May 12, 2022
Topics: agriculture
Context: an interview with Glenn Beck
Fact-check justification: Barnette said, "Agriculture is the No. 1 industry here in Pennsylvania." Although agriculture in Pennsylvania accounted for $3.6 billion in economic activity in 2021, that’s a tiny fraction of the state’s total economic output. Agriculture ranks last among 14 major categories of private industry in the state, with less than one-half of 1% of the state’s economic activity that year. We rate the statement .