chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The amount of attention paid this week to Chris Christie makes the coverage of Benghazi ... pale in significance.
Speaker: karl rove
About the speaker: Karl Rove is a former senior adviser and deputy chief of staff to President George W. Bush. He has worked as a commentator and political analyst for Fox News.
Date: January 12, 2014
Topics: terrorism;transportation;punditfact
Context: comments on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Rove said that the coverage of Christie pales "in significance" to the coverage of Benghazi. When news of the attacks on Benghazi broke, coverage was widespread, and it continued through congressional hearings. Moreover, a lot of the coverage questioned the administration’s narrative and response to the attacks. Indeed, Christie has occupied much of the conversation, but it was also in a relatively slow news week. Benghazi garnered significant coverage, even during the height of the presidential election. Perhaps the outcome of those reports didn’t unearth the conspiracy conservatives alleged and hoped for. More is still likely to come out, and Republicans continue to keep it in the news. But to insinuate the mainstream media ignored the attacks while putting Christie through the ringer goes too far. We rate Rove’s statement .
Statement: Says Bill Gates said "at least 3 billion people need to die" from the planet.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 25, 2021
Topics: climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: "We make the future sustainable when we invest in the poor, not when we insist on their suffering," the letter says. The Instagram post is . We rate it . RELATED:   YouTube video takes Bill Gates out of context on coronavirus vaccinations
Statement: Ivermectin is an effective treatment for COVID-19.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 8, 2021
Topics: drugs;government regulation;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post declares that ivermectin is an effective treatment for COVID-19. Some studies have raised the possibility that the drug might work against COVID-19.  But reviews of numerous studies of ivermectin have found there is no conclusive  that it is effective against COVID-19, and public health authorities including the FDA have recommended against using it to treat the virus. That doesn’t exclude the possibility that ivermectin could work in isolated cases, but the post ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. The post contains only an element of . We rate it .
Statement: Says that the oil and gas industry comprises 35% of the Texas economy.
Speaker: christi craddick
About the speaker: Christi Leigh Craddick is the chairwoman of the Texas Railroad Commission, the state's regulatory body over oil, natural gas, utilities, and surface mining. She has served on the commission since 2012.
Date: December 12, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: economy;energy;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Craddick said earlier this month that the oil and gas industry comprises 35% of the Texas economy. Craddick's office clarified that this figure represented the industry’s combined direct, indirect and induced economic impact, and that it represents a projection of how the industry will end the year after its recent bounce back.  The oil and gas industry has comprised as much as 40% of the state economy during the last decade’s fracking boom, yet shrunk to 30% before the pandemic shocked the world economy. Firm quarterly data showing the industry’s recent gains will not be released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis until late 2021. We rate this  .
Statement: Texas "ranks 50th in baby wellness checks, ranks 50th in clinical care for infants, ranks 50th in uninsured women, ranks 43rd in maternal mortality, ranks 44th in school funding per child, and ranks 46th in child hunger.
Speaker: occupy democrats
About the speaker: Occupy Democrats, founded in 2012, is an advocacy group created to counterbalance the Republican tea party, and to "give President Obama and other progressive Democrats a Congress that will work with them to grow the economy, create jobs, promote fairness and fight inequality, and get money out of politics!"
Date: September 1, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;children;education;food;health care;women
Context: on social media
Fact-check justification: The original Occupy Democrats post said that Texas "ranks 50th in baby wellness checks, ranks 50th in clinical care for infants, ranks 50th in uninsured women, ranks 43rd in maternal mortality, ranks 44th in school funding per child, and ranks 46th in child hunger." The post was correct about the women’s health insurance rankings and school spending, and it was close for child hunger. However, the most recent data shows that Texas is closer to the middle than to the bottom for baby wellness checks and maternal mortality. And a  about clinical care for infants was unsupported. We rate the statement .
Statement: Some countries are contributing (peacekeeping) troops because they're making money off of them.
Speaker: nikki haley
About the speaker: Nikki Haley announced on Feb. 14, 2023 that she is running for president in the Republican primary. Haley was the governor of South Carolina 2011-2017 and then served as President Donald Trump's ambassador to the UN in 2017 and 2018.
Date: January 18, 2017
Topics: global news service;foreign policy
Context: a Senate confirmation hearing
Fact-check justification: Haley said that "some countries" contribute peacekeeping troops because they make money off the U.N. payments. Every expert we reached agreed that for some nations, the financial payoff is a factor. However, they all said that money was not the sole driver, and that countries gained military training and experience from the role they played. Haley offered an accurate but limited comment on peacekeeping troops. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Red Cross President and CEO Marsha J. Evans makes "$651,957 plus expenses" a year and "only 9 cents of every dollar" donated to the organization goes to helping people in need.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 28, 2018
Topics: ethics;financial regulation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post shares an outdated rumor about the American Red Cross, claiming that CEO Marsha Evans makes "$651,957 plus expenses" and "only 9 cents of every dollar donated" actually goes to helping people in need. Marsha Evans is no longer the Red Cross CEO, and the current CEO and president, Gail McGovern, made $603,564 in 2017, with benefits, allowances and expenses factored in. When it comes to the percentage of donor dollars that go toward helping people in need, it is a little more murky. The organization has long touted that an average of 91 cents of every dollar donated is spent on humanitarian efforts, but that number has been challenged before, with different reports estimating it may be as low as 73 cents on every dollar. Still, we found no  or any report that puts that number as low as 9 cents, as the post claims. We rate it .
Statement: Says most of Perry's chiefs of staff have been lobbyists.
Speaker: bill white
About the speaker: Bill White, an author, is a San Antonio native who was mayor of Houston from 2004-2009. He was the 2010 Democratic nominee for governor of Texas.
Date: August 14, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: ethics
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: In 2009, Sullivan had seven clients listed to his name on the ethics website, including HNTP Corp., a toll-road engineering company. Seven chiefs of staff later, what have we learned? Far as we can tell, five have been registered as lobbyists, as White stated. Three of those — McKinney, Toomey and Sullivan — were lobbyists before Perry hired them as chief of staff. We rate White's statement as .
Statement: Photos showed "bricks everywhere" in Kenosha during the Kyle Rittenhouse trial.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 17, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts sharing an image compilation claimed that photos showed "bricks everywhere" in Kenosha during the Kyle Rittenhouse trial. The photos and video screen grabs shown in the compilation are all more than a year old, and none were taken in Kenosha, let alone near the courthouse where Rittenhouse was tried. We rate these posts .
Statement: Sheila Bynum-Coleman said, 'We need to get the police out of the schools.'
Speaker: kirk cox
About the speaker: Del. Kirk Cox, R-Colonial Heights, is the majority leader of Virginia's House of Delegates. He was first elected to the House in 1989.
Cox is a retired government teacher in Chesterfield County public schools.
 
Date: October 13, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: education;public safety
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Cox’s ad says "Sheila Bynum-Coleman said, ‘We need to get the police out of schools.’" Bynum-Coleman used those words in a lengthy answer she gave to a question about the "prison-to-school pipeline," affecting many black students.  But in her next sentence, she explained that police "need" to be on hand "to make sure the school is safe, not to incarcerate the children and deal with disciplinary actions and that’s what’s taking place." And she elaborated a few minutes later, "I think that the police should only be there to make sure the school is safe and secure. They should not have any dealings with disciplinary actions within the school." Cox ignores this easily available context and, in an era of mass shootings, misleadingly creates the impression that Bynam-Coleman said she would leave schools unprotected.  We rate Cox’s  .
Statement: Ninety-five percent of all the wages in Texas are above minimum wage.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: September 18, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: economy;workers
Context: an interview on CNN's "Crossfire"
Fact-check justification: Perry said 95 percent "of all the wages in Texas are above minimum wage." That conclusion ties to 452,000 of the state’s nearly 10.9 million workers in 2012 being paid the minimum wage or less. But those numbers are incomplete, because the federal agency that analyzes such data doesn’t gauge how much any non-hourly workers are paid. It seems reasonable to speculate that most non-hourly workers earn more than the minimum wage, but it’s not an across-the-board certainty. We rate this statement as .
Statement: Every time somebody new gets the Ebola virus, it mutates.
Speaker: glenn beck
About the speaker: Glenn Beck is the host of The Glenn Beck Program, a nationally syndicated talk-radio show. He also hosts an Internet-based TV show. Beck formerly hosted a television talk show on CNN Headline News and then Fox News.
Date: October 15, 2014
Topics: ebola;public health;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of the "Glenn Beck Program"
Fact-check justification: Beck warned that every time someone new gets the Ebola virus, it mutates. First, mutation and replication go hand in hand and infecting a new person doesn’t change that. But the much larger point is that Beck is painting mutations with a broad brush. Most of them hurt the virus and are automatic dead-ends. Of those that don’t actually hurt it, about two-thirds don’t change how Ebola functions. Of those that change how the virus functions, there’s no data to say whether the functional changes matter. However, the most recent study in West Africa found that many new varieties are not passed on to new victims. Beck’s statement about Ebola mutations is partially accurate but leaves out important details. Accordingly, we rate it .
Statement: Says after leaving the White House, Hillary Clinton "was forced to return an estimated $200,000 in White House china, furniture and artwork that she had stolen.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 20, 2015
Topics: ethics;punditfact
Context: a post shared on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A viral graphic said that Hillary Clinton was forced to return about $200,000 worth of furniture, artwork and china that she had stolen from the White House. The statement contains several inaccuracies. The Clintons returned about $48,000 in furniture, and they paid the government about $86,000 for other items. Any way you count it, the $200,000 figure is too high. According to top ethics lawyers, it’s at least debatable -- and at worst hyperbolic -- to say the Clintons "stole" the items. A congressional investigation found poor tracking of ownership and final disposition of gifts, which makes it hard to speak definitively of wrongdoing. In fact, two items the Clintons returned were ultimately sent back to them. Finally, it’s worth making clear that the "force" they responded to was political pressure, not legal jeopardy. Accusations of stealing are serious and require a high threshold of , unmet by the charges in this over-the-top graphic. We rate the  .
Statement: During the year Kagan barred military recruiters from Harvard Law School's Office of Career Services, "military recruiting actually went up.
Speaker: elena kagan
About the speaker: Elena Kagan is a U.S. Supreme Court justice who was nominated by President Barack Obama in 2010 to succeed the retiring Justice John Paul Stevens. Prior to her nomination, she was solicitor general in the Obama Administration.
Date: June 29, 2010
Location: national
Topics: kagan nomination;lgbtq;military
Context: the Kagan confirmation hearing
Fact-check justification: But by citing the statistic (without the numbers), Kagan suggests it backs the contention that her decision to bar recruiters from the Office of Career Services during the spring semester of 2005 had negligible, and perhaps only a symbolic, effect on military recruiting at Harvard Law School. That's a matter of dispute. While the former dean and a 2006 graduate now in the military say the policy had little real effect on recruiting, military recruiters clearly disagreed. The number of recruits in any given year at Harvard Law School is so small, we don't think citing the 2005 increase - by 2 from the previous year - settles the issue one way or the other. And so we rate Kagan's  .
Statement: Says Austin is the "safest big city in Texas with an unemployment rate under 3% that has been named the best place to live in the entire United States two years running.
Speaker: steve adler
About the speaker: Attorney Steve Adler won election as mayor of Austin in December 2014, drawing 67 percent of the vote in a December 2014 runoff. He was sworn in Jan. 6, 2015. He sought re-election in 2018.
Date: April 25, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: city government;economy;history;crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Adler referred to Austin as the "safest big city in Texas with an unemployment rate under 3% that has been named the best place to live in the entire United States two years running." Hizzoner was right about Austin’s jobless rate of late and Austin getting named the city’s best place to live two years in a row though it’s worth clarifying that the rankings considered only the country’s 125 largest metro areas. Whether Austin is the safest big Texas city rests on interpreting crime data the FBI counsels against using to compare communities. This said, we previously found that the five-county Austin region in 2015 had a lower violent-crime rate than other Texas regions while in the first half of 2016, El Paso had a lower violent-crime rate than Austin. On balance, we rate this Adler  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Nobody's ever seen a number like this… (33.1%) economic growth is four times greater than what the experts expected.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 29, 2020
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Tampa, Fla
Fact-check justification: Trump said no one has ever seen growth like the country saw in the third quarter, and it was four times higher than experts expected. Trump is literally correct that the jump in GDP is the highest as far back as the government numbers go. However, it came after a drop that was equally historic, and both were driven by a pandemic, the likes of which hasn’t been seen in a century. Trump erred on the expectations of forecasters. Experts were predicting high growth. The average in one large survey of economists came in about five percentage points low, but that’s a fraction of the error Trump stated. We rate this  . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Three courts have found the new health care law constitutional and two have found it unconstitutional.
Speaker: james roosevelt
About the speaker: James Roosevelt Jr. is the chief executive officer of Tufts Health Plan.
Date: April 1, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: health care;legal issues
Context: a segment of WPRI's Newsmakers program
Fact-check justification: The new law, she said, was a constitutionally acceptable way to stabilize the price of health insurance. Kessler, in granting the government's motion to dismiss the lawsuit, rejected the religious arguments, saying the purchase requirement would be an insignificant affront to their religious beliefs. So the score is three rulings upholding the law, two finding it unconstitutional. For now. We rate Roosevelt's    .
Statement: A 0.05 standard for drunken driving means having a glass of wine at dinner could make a person drunk.
Speaker: tavern league of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Tavern League of Wisconsin describes itself as "a non-profit trade association dedicated to serving the needs of the retail beverage alcohol segment of the hospitality industry."
Date: May 14, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: alcohol;criminal justice;crime;public safety;transportation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Most people would not reach 0.05 after one drink, she said. Our rating The Tavern League of Wisconsin said a proposal to make 0.05 the standard for drunken driving would mean that having a glass of wine at dinner could make a person drunk. The statement is accurate, in that it’s possible an individual could reach 0.05 after one drink. But it needs additional information, namely that the situation would apply only in a small number of instances and would depend on other factors, such as drinking on an empty stomach. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Scott Walker "eliminated his own office of economic development in the middle of this recession.
Speaker: tom barrett
About the speaker: Tom Barrett served as the 44th mayor of Milwaukee from 2004 until 2021. The mayoral position is non-partisan. A member of the Democratic Party, he was previously elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly (1984–1989), Wisconsin Senate (1989–1993) and U.S. House of Representatives (1993–2003).
Barrett lost bids for governor in 2002, 2010 and in the 2012 recall race against Gov. Scott Walker. He was sworn in as U.S. ambassador to Luxembourg on Dec. 23, 2021.
Date: October 12, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: So, let’s return to the job -- and  -- at hand. To draw a contrast on the critical issue of jobs, Tom Barrett says Scott Walker shut down his economic development office in the midst of a recession. The office did disappear, but in less than a year Walker was already trying to reinstate it -- though the County Board sliced back his plans. While the Barrett TV ad leaves the impression the county’s department was large, economic development has never been a major priority or function of the county. We rate Barrett’s  .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "said illegal immigration has been a problem in America for 'thousands of years.' 
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 6, 2019
Topics: immigration;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: And I hate to tell you that, because of the Internet, it’s worse than ever before. Human trafficking — it’s a horrible thing." Though Trump did say "thousands of years"—or, later, "a thousand years or more"—while talking about border security, it was to lend historical context to the broader problem of human trafficking. While Trump's stream-of-consciousness manner of speaking does sometimes leave room for interpretation, actual transcripts show he did not suggest the United States itself is thousands of years old, or that illegal immigration has been a problem here for that long. We rate this  .
Statement: There is little if any evidence that the use of red light cameras in New Jersey has reduced the number or severity of accidents at the intersections where they are used.
Speaker: michael doherty
About the speaker: Michael Doherty is a Republican state Senator representing parts of Warren, Somerset and Hunterdon counties. He previously served in the state Assembly from 2002 to 2009.
Date: May 14, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: transportation
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Doherty claimed, "There is little if any  that the use of red light cameras in New Jersey has reduced the number or severity of accidents at the intersections where they are used." A state DOT report showed some decreases in certain types of crashes and the costs of damages, but emphasized that the data collected through June 1, 2011 is too small to make definitive decisions about the cameras’ effectiveness. We rate Doherty’s statement . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .