chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The 2020 election could not have been fair because "Los Angeles County agreed, during litigation, that there were 1.2 million ineligible voters after the election.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 28, 2023
Location: national
Topics: elections;california
Context: a Truth Social post
Fact-check justification: Trump said that the 2020 election could not have been fair because "Los Angeles County agreed, during litigation, that there were 1.2 million ineligible voters after the election."  Los Angeles County reached a settlement with Judicial Watch in 2019 agreeing to clear the voter rolls of inactive voters. The county cleared about 1.2 million inactive voters after the 2022 election because they had not voted in recent elections, including the 2020 election. Trump’s statement that the settlement signals that the election was unfair is also . Trump lost Los Angeles county by about 1.8 million in 2020. The people who were later removed from the rolls did not vote at all, so they had no influence on the outcome. We rate this statement .  RELATED : : Trump’s latest California voter fraud  as baseless as past allegations RELATED : Do outsized voter rolls signify fraud? No, experts say RELATED : Fact-checking 2024 presidential candidates, who’s running
Statement: I was the deciding vote on abolishing the death penalty in the state of Illinois.
Speaker: susana mendoza
About the speaker: Susana Mendoza is the Illinois comptroller. Mendoza served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2001-2010, before becoming the first woman to be elected city clerk of Chicago in February 2011. 
Date: November 19, 2018
Location: illinois
Topics: criminal justice;death penalty
Context: a debate appearance
Fact-check justification: While defending her criminal justice record, Mendoza said she was "the deciding vote on abolishing the death penalty in the state of Illinois." Before making that , she accurately described her change of heart on the issue that led her to support the 2011 abolition measure after long backing capital punishment. And Mendoza is technically correct that the measure would have sunk had she voted the other way. By that standard, however, any one of the 59 other House members who supported the bill on final passage could make the same .   Even with Mendoza’s support, the measure came up short on an initial vote. When the sponsor opted for a re-do later that day, a different lawmaker who’d opposed it on the first try switched his vote, securing its passage. In the end, it clearly didn’t come down to Mendoza. We rate her  .
Statement: Sheldon Whitehouse voted for a "$525-billion tax increase on the middle class.
Speaker: barry hinckley
About the speaker: Barry Hinckley ran an unsuccessful race, as a Republican running, for the U.S. Senate in Rhode Island in 2012. A graduate of the University of Colorado, Boulder, he is the founder and former president of Bullhorn Software in Boston. He is also an aviator and has raced sailboats professionally.
Date: October 24, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;health care;message machine 2012;voting record;taxes
Context: a television commercial
Fact-check justification: Barry Hinckley said Sheldon Whitehouse voted for a "$525 billion tax increase on the middle class." The ad doesn't say that it's really talking about Obamacare, and that the money is designed to help pay for health coverage for the uninsured, many of whom are in the middle class. It also doesn't point out that the $525 billion is spread out over 10 years, through 2019. Most of it doesn't come from the middle class.   And of the $4 billion the government expects to collect each year from people who choose not to purchase health insurance, less than half will come from the middle class. The  in the Hinckley ad is so  off base, we rate it ! (Get updates from PolitiFact Rhode Island on Twitter: @politifactri . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: The average student will be spending $1,700 to $1,800 more during the life of their loan because of this surcharge.
Speaker: lindsey graham
About the speaker: Lindsey Graham is a U.S. senator from South Carolina. He was a candidate for the Republican nominee for president in 2016.
Date: March 24, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;education;health care
Context: an appearance on the Fox News show "On the Record" with Greta Van Susteren
Fact-check justification: So to say that students are somehow paying $1,700 or $1,800 more is . Before Congress voted to eliminate subsidies for the Federal Family Education Loan, students paid 6.8 percent on their unsubsidized federal loans. Now that the bill is passed, students will still pay 6.8 percent interest on those loans. There is no "surcharge" in the bill, as Graham says. We rate this  .
Statement: Photo shows "Queen Elizabeth and Prince Charles" bowing to Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 18, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The queen and her husband, Prince Philip, visited Selassie a decade later, in February 1965. It was "the first formal call on Ethiopia by any British monarch," The Associated Press reported at the time. Getty has photos of Elizabeth and Selassie from that trip.    By then, the empress in the photo in the Facebook post had died .   We rate claims the photo shows Elizabeth and Charles .
Statement: Under our (2011-'13) budget, the average (Wisconsin) property taxpayer will save $700.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: July 7, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a news release and column
Fact-check justification: If he meant a $700 tax cut compared to the past bills, that’s not in the cards at all. The state’s nonpartisan Legislative Fiscal Bureau projects the typical homeowner would see a $55 increase in two years compared with 2010. And even if he meant $700 less of an increase, his assertion is not based on an apples-to-apples comparison of his budget vs. the old law. The real figure is not yet known, but we do know that the approach Walker cited was designed in a way that puffs up the "savings." The , with its shorthand presentation, rates as .
Statement: The sinking of the Titanic was orchestrated by the Rothschilds and J.P. Morgan to kill prominent businessmen who opposed the creation of the Federal Reserve.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 22, 2023
Location: national
Topics: history;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts  that the Titanic’s sinking was orchestrated by the Rothschild family and J.P. Morgan to kill prominent businessmen who opposed the Federal Reserve’s creation. This is . There’s no  that the businessmen were against the Federal Reserve and experts and historians who have studied the event and wreckage widely agree the sinking was an accident. We rate this  ! RELATED: Meme way off in  that the Rothschild family holds '80 percent of the world's wealth'
Statement: Legislators are "ramming through a provision that'll make investigations like #NC09 less transparent.
Speaker:  north carolina democratic party
About the speaker: NCDP
Date: December 27, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The N.C. Democratic Party tweeted that legislators supported a provision "that’ll make investigations like  #NC09  less transparent." The bill, which is now law, potentially conceals allegations of campaign finance violations. But it doesn’t affect the process for disclosing information related to election fraud investigations. We rate this . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide.
Statement: Barack Obama has "doubled our national debt. Doubled it. It's going to be close to $20 trillion when he leaves.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 6, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: debt;economy
Context: a rally
Fact-check justification: Trump said Obama "doubled the national debt. Doubled it. It’s going to be close to $20 trillion when he leaves." The figures are correct, and we don’t doubt the president shares some of the blame for the increased indebtedness. But Trump’s statement leaves out some key points. First of all, the added debt wasn’t solely the responsibility of Obama; Congress had to approve it as well. And the recession that began before Obama took office in 2009 cut government revenues and led to some of the higher debt incurred during the president’s term. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: McDonald's (makes) you all sign noncompete contracts that you cannot go across town to try to get a job at Burger King.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 22, 2020
Location: national
Topics: jobs
Context: a SEIU roundtable discussion
Fact-check justification: Biden said that McDonald’s workers sign a noncompete agreement that bars them from taking a better paying job with a competing chain. Until three years ago, McDonald’s did have a clause in its franchise agreements between the corporation and local owners that blocked them from hiring away staff from each other. McDonald’s ended that practice in March 2017, and since then, over 150 national chains have followed suit. That practice involves a no-poach clause, not a noncompete clause, which has to do with working for a competitor. McDonald’s workers do not sign a noncompete agreement. We rate this  .
Statement: Michigan governor reopened Traverse City "so she could have her daughter's open house.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 20, 2020
Topics: government regulation;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said Whitmer relaxed stay-at-home rules in Traverse City in time for Memorial Day weekend so she could have her daughter’s open house. Whitmer relaxed stay-at-home rules in the region, but her office said she did not have a family event there and was not in the region that weekend. We rate the post .
Statement: There's a section in the Constitution called the Emoluments Clause that says no one, nor their spouses, can take money from foreigners. (Hillary Clinton) has to be guilty of 70 or 100 counts just on that one charge.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: November 6, 2016
Topics: criminal justice;elections;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: comments on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Gingrich said, "There’s a section in the Constitution called the Emoluments Clause that says no one, nor their spouses, can take money from foreigners. (Hillary Clinton) has to be guilty of 70 or 100 counts just on that one charge." The Emoluments Clause talks about foreign governments, not foreigners, and doesn’t speak of spouses. Whether Hillary Clinton is guilty of violating the Emoluments Clause is unproven. Some experts say the layers of separation between Hillary Clinton and the foundation mean she likely did not violate the Constitution. Others say the clause is so vague that it could be broadly interpreted to include a scenario like the Clinton Foundation. A case has never been argued in court. Gingrich’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/4cf33ef1-87bf-4133-8c29-44928f7b5ef7
Statement: Preventive care "saves money.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a speech to Congress
Fact-check justification: "Sweeping statements about the cost-saving potential of prevention ... are overreaching," according to the paper. "Studies have concluded that preventing illness can in some cases save money but in other cases can add to health care costs." And a study conducted by researchers from the American Diabetes Association, American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society concluded that, while interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease would prevent many strokes and deaths, "as they are currently delivered, most of the prevention activities will substantially increase costs." So, the consensus is that, while preventive care will almost certainly save lives, it won't reduce government spending on health care. As a result, we rate Obama's statement .
Statement: New York has "among the highest tax burdens of any state in the nation
Speaker: marc molinaro
About the speaker: Marcus Molinaro is a Republican candidate for New York governor in 2018. He currently serves as the county executive in Dutchess County.
Date: April 2, 2018
Location: new york
Topics: taxes
Context: a conversation with reporters
Fact-check justification: Molinaro said New York state has "among the highest tax burdens of any state in the nation." The Tax Foundation analysis shows New York state ranks among the highest for per capita collections of income and property taxes. Since Cuomo took office in January 2011, New York state has cut income tax rates and capped property tax increases. The changes could affect future rankings. But Molinaro’s  is accurate. The tax burden for the state's residents remains among the highest in the nation. We rate it .
Statement: @realDonaldTrump is coming to San Antonio, which is 60% Mexican-AMERICAN.
Speaker: joaquin castro
About the speaker: Initially elected to the Texas House in 2002, Joaquin Castro initially won election to the U.S. House in November 2012.
Date: June 6, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;civil rights;elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Castro said San Antonio is 60 percent Mexican-American. The city of San Antonio is 63 percent Latino, or Hispanic, with the number of people of Mexican descent pegged at 57 percent of the population. But how many of those residents are American, either naturalized or holding permanent resident cards, is undetermined. Because of the unknowns, we rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/b1976229-713d-4e01-8347-86ef4b2c420b
Statement: Says Susan Coleman was killed after having an affair with Bill Clinton.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 13, 2019
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Bossie and a retired police officer named Jim Murphy were working for Brown as they tried to confirm Coleman shot herself "following a love affair with her law professor, Bill Clinton, that left her pregnant," CBS reported, according to the Washington Post.   Murphy and Bossie, who helped run Donald Trump’s 2016 presidential campaign, followed Coleman’s mother to an Army hospital in Georgia, according to CBS, and "burst" into the room where her husband was being treated for a stroke "and began questioning the shaken mother about her daughter’s suicide. "  CBS Evening News reported that the investigation stemmed from an anonymous letter mass mailed to news organizations but that Coleman’s family "maintained there was no  to this, and said reporters who had investigated the letter found it to be a nasty hoax," according to UPI .   After reading a transcript of the CBS News report, then-president George H.W. Bush ordered his campaign to file a complaint with the Federal Election Commission against Brown, "the hard-ball political ad man who has gone from being seen as (an) asset to a liability," UPI reported .   Searching the Nexis news archive for stories that could corroborate the allegations made in the Facebook post, we found none. We rate it .
Statement: The IRS is taking money away from people who received unemployment benefits.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 20, 2022
Topics: stimulus;taxes
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: There is no universal tax penalty for receiving unemployment benefits.   Our ruling  A Facebook post suggested that a tax refund could be reduced because someone received unemployment benefits.   It appears that in the case of this Facebook post, based on the screenshot from the IRS app and the poster’s own words, someone who received unemployment benefits then had their income tax refund reduced because of an unpaid debt.   But the government does not require unemployment benefits that have been properly claimed to be paid back, and it does not reduce the amount of a tax filer’s refund if that filer does not have unpaid government debts or child support.   We rate this  .
Statement: Says the former president of the Czech Republic said the American people were a "confederacy of fools" for electing Barack Obama.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: August 14, 2014
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a chain email
Fact-check justification: A chain email said the former president of the Czech Republic said the American people were a "confederacy of fools" for electing Obama. This quote has had various attributions since it first appeared on the Internet more than five years ago. The quote’s  origins may be forever buried far down in the depths of the Internet, but we’re sure it didn’t come from Klaus. We rate this  .
Statement: We suspended the (Foxconn) work around October, November last year because the weather there was snowy and icy cold.
Speaker: terry gou
About the speaker: Terry Gou is the chairman of Foxconn Technology Group, which is building a large production plant in Mount Pleasant, Wis.
Date: May 1, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: In defending Foxconn’s plans after a White House meeting, Gou claimed the company had suspended work in October and November 2018 because of the "snowy and icy cold." Foxconn hasn’t provided detail on what Gou is referring to, but there was clearly work going on at the site throughout that timeframe. And the weather data from those months isn’t consistent with an extreme snowstorm or cold snap that would have caused a multi-month shutdown of a large-scale construction project. We rate Gou’s  .
Statement: You have been selected to take part in our short survey to get 2 Free Alaska Airlines Tickets!
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 30, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The post goes on to say that if a promotion is real it will be shared by a verified Alaska Airlines social account and it will use current Alaska Airlines branding. They also said the promotion should be hosted on an Alaska Airlines official website. "If you are sent to a website that is not alaskaair.com, promoted from alaskaair.com and/or does not have any affiliation or links to Alaska’s official websites, then it could be a  promotion," it says. A website’s promise of two free tickets on Alaska Airlines after taking a survey isn’t based on reality. We rate it !