chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Thanks to our reforms, the average family will have an extra $322 to spend.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: September 18, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: Either way, the figures support the ad’s  of $322. Our rating Walker tells TV viewers that "Thanks to our reforms, the average family will have an extra $322 to spend." Using some solid sources, the governor accurately pegs the combined estimated savings for a median-income family from his income- and property-tax cuts. The  needs clarification, though, because not every average family is in circumstances to receive a cut of that size, particularly if they are not property owners. We rate the  .
Statement: In West Virginia, we have 20,000 jobs in which we don't have skilled workers.
Speaker: e. gordon gee
About the speaker: E. Gordon Gee is is president of West Virginia University. His current tenure in office began in 2014, but he was first named WVU president in 1981 at age 36 – at the time, among the youngest persons to ever serve as a university president. He led West Virginia University until 1985, then went on to presidencies at the University of Colorado (1985-90), Brown University (1998-2000) and Vanderbilt University (2001-07). He served as president of the Ohio State University from 1990-97 and again from 2007-13. 
Date: June 21, 2019
Location: west virginia
Topics: education;workers
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Gee said, "In West Virginia, we have 20,000 jobs in which we don’t have skilled workers." Gee has put his finger on what experts say is a genuine concern for West Virginia -- the mismatch between educational attainment and skills requirements for job openings -- but he’s overestimated the specific figure. He was unable to back up this figure, and when we tried to come up with an estimate, we found that the number is probably around 4,500. We rate his statement .
Statement: We have been focusing so much, especially the Texas Department of Transportation, on that 97 percent of people in single-occupancy vehicles.
Speaker: sylvester turner
About the speaker: Sylvester Turner, of Houston, was first elected to the Texas House in 1988.
Date: March 4, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: transportation
Context: a ceremony to introduce new local transit authority chairman
Fact-check justification: Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner, decrying traditional emphases on road building to ease traffic congestion, said 97 percent of people drive single-occupancy vehicles. This figure looks like it was based on a misread of another official’s declarations. And while we found little data about how many of us always drive solo, Census research suggests that about 80 percent of commuters drive alone, but commuting accounts for less than 20 percent of total driving, according to the latest survey we could find. It is 100 percent time to park this stat; we rate his  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/de2b979b-980b-4bba-bfa4-22db6680f96d
Statement: Says Rep. Adam Schiff was "complicit in EDITING AND COMPOSING THE 'WHISTLEBLOWER COMPLAINT' BEFORE IT WAS FILED.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 2, 2019
Topics: impeachment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Several Facebook posts claimed that Schiff helped write the whistleblower complaint against Trump. We still don’t know exactly what information Schiff received about the whistleblower’s concerns. But there is no  to suggest that Schiff knew who the whistleblower was, much less that he helped them draft this complaint. The Facebook posts go beyond what has been reported. Absent any additional , the  that Schiff helped write the whistleblower complaint is . We rate the Facebook posts .
Statement: In Georgia, women earn 82 cents for every dollar earned by men.
Speaker: jim barksdale
About the speaker: Running for U.S. Senate in Georgia 
Date: September 15, 2016
Location: georgia
Topics: jobs;women
Context: On his campaign website
Fact-check justification: Democratic U.S. Senate candidate Jim Barksdale that women in Georgia only earn 82 cents for every dollar earned by a man. Technically, that is  for full-time workers as a very broad measure. But the statement is missing substantial context needed to fully grasp a  very complex issue. When asked for clarification, Barksdale's campaign issued a statement that veered into the equal-pay-for-equal-work argument, something the study behind the statement did not attempt to address. Barksdale’s statement is accurate but . We rate it .
Statement: We've also seen in the time that he's (Donald Trump) been president, an increase in carbon emissions going absolutely in the wrong way.
Speaker: jan schakowsky
About the speaker: Schakowsky was elected to represent Illinois' 9th Congressional District in 1998, after serving for eight years in the Illinois General Assembly. She is in her eleventh term.
Date: February 12, 2020
Location: illinois
Topics: environment;climate change
Context: committee hearing remarks
Fact-check justification: Schakowsky said that in the time Trump has been president, the nation has seen "an increase in carbon emissions going absolutely in the  way." Reports show U.S. carbon dioxide emissions did spike on Trump’s watch in 2018. They fell again last year, but greenhouse gas emissions overall remain higher than they were before he took office. We rate her  .  — The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: If Congress fails to act, the Obama administration intends to give away control of the internet to an international body akin to the United Nations.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: September 8, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: foreign policy;government regulation;technology
Context: Senate floor remarks
Fact-check justification: Cruz said: "If Congress fails to act, the Obama administration intends to give away control of the internet to an international body akin to the United Nations." As of October 2016, the U.S. government is set to no longer have a contract to oversee certain internet-related duties having to do with all of us finding websites. The tasks will continue to be handled through a California nonprofit that’s been in place since 1998. Upshot: There’s no pending government handoff of control of the internet that we can see. Also, the member-countries of an advisory panel to the nonprofit’s board can only make a recommendation if every nation agrees; that’s not U.N.-like. We rate this statement .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/43fb3a66-544f-450e-9e70-cbf648b67b6e
Statement: Since I took office, Wisconsin now has the 2nd highest health care quality ranking in the country.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: July 26, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care
Context: a statement on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Walker tweeted, "Since I took office, Wisconsin now has the 2nd highest health care quality ranking in the country." He backed this up with a reputable ranking from a federal agency. But the state had always been ranked highly and, aside from a downward blip the year after he took office, had long been No. 1 or No. 2. We rate the  .
Statement: We're talking right now about a $12 billion hole in our current, so-called balanced" state "budget.
Speaker: donna howard
About the speaker: Donna Howard is a state representative from Austin.
Date: August 30, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: education;health care;state budget
Context: East Austin meetup of Texans for Obama
Fact-check justification: Donna Howard says the current "so-called balanced" state budget has a $12 billion hole. Lawmakers did not cover all projected state costs of Medicaid in 2013 and put off a regular payment to school districts. As before, too, portions of funds intended for special purposes were set aside to balance the budget. On the other hand, school districts have not been slammed by the deferral and the agency overseeing Medicaid doesn’t expect consequences to eligible Texans unless lawmakers unexpectedly fail to cover costs during the 2013 legislative session. Besides, billions in unallocated projected revenue could help the next Legislature meet funding needs. Howard’s "hole" traces to funding shortfalls in the latest budget. But that budget still was balanced. We rate this  as .
Statement: [The] unemployment rate in the Philadelphia metro area is now at its lowest level ever recorded.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: July 22, 2018
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: an opinion piece for the Philadelphia Inquirer
Fact-check justification: Ahead of his visit to Philadelphia, Vice President Mike Pence claimed in an opinion piece that the unemployment rate for the city’s metro area is the lowest on record. That is  only if one looks at seasonally adjusted unemployment data for the Philadelphia, PA Metropolitan Division (which includes Delaware County) since 1990, which is important context. We rate this  .
Statement: Photos show that the person who shot three people during a protest over the police shooting of Jacob Blake is a police officer.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 26, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: When the Kenosha News story was published, Sheskey had worked as a police officer in Kenosha for six and a half years, and at a different department for three years before that.   Rittenhouse would have been about 8 years old, nine years ago.   The second photo that appears in the Facebook post was published by several news outlets including Yahoo News , which describes it as a "screengrab of video of white shooter during Tuesday night’s protests over the police shooting of Jacob Blake." A recording caught the shooter opening fire in the middle of the street and the gunman could be heard saying "I just killed somebody," the Associated Press reported.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: In its July "red alert" for extreme heat, the U.K.'s Met Office warned that high temperatures could cause blood clotting.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 17, 2022
Topics: climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: a screenshot of a tweet
Fact-check justification: Social media posts  that the U.K.’s Meteorological Office warned about blood clots with extreme heat.  While blood clots are not the most common adverse effect of extreme heat waves, they can and do happen.  However, the U.K.’s Met Office did not warn about blood clots, as that office focuses on meteorology rather than health.  We rate the  .
Statement: I didn't campaign on a public option.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: December 22, 2009
Location: national
Topics: elections;health care
Context: an interview with the Washington Post
Fact-check justification: It's up to voters to decide whether the public option -- Promise No. 518 -- is more or less important than Obama's other promises. Obama's new  is, "I didn't campaign on a public option." We will stipulate that it was not a particularly prominent part of his overall platform for health care. But we find that the public option was part of Obama's campaign materials, and that counts. So we rate his statement .
Statement: This video shows empty shelves at a Florida grocery store because truckers said "they were not delivering anything to Florida !!!
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: May 14, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;economy
Context: a TikTok post
Fact-check justification: TikTok videos blame empty shelves at a Florida grocery store on truckers saying "they were not delivering anything to Florida!!!" Although some social media posts have encouraged truck drivers to boycott Florida because of a new state immigration law, trucking organizations told PolitiFact that they knew of no such current boycotts. The posts show empty shelves at what appears to be a Walmart store, and one of the posts suggests the video was taken in Palmetto, Florida. However, we found no recent reports of grocery shortages in Palmetto. In the absence of  to support this , we rate it .
Statement: Bill McCollum voted for higher taxes and fees 42 times while he was in Congress.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: August 3, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: message machine 2010;voting record;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: We should note that we didn't track back every single vote Scott cites. We asked the McCollum campaign if there were any votes they thought were misrepresented or that Scott had gotten  and did not hear back. PolitiFact Florida's review suggests Scott has been able to locate 42 taxes or fees that were either raised, or had their shelf-life extended, because of votes McCollum took while in Congress. But that only tells part of the story. Several of the votes are double counted, meaning that while 42 taxes may have been extended or raised, McCollum didn't vote 42 times for increases. Moreover, the Scott ad overlooks McCollum's votes to cut taxes, and specifically tries to label a $240 billion tax cut McCollum supported as a tax increase -- four different times. At best, Scott is cherry picking the votes to help make his case that "Bill McCollum voted for higher taxes and fees 42 times." But he's also brazenly trying to label a tax cut as a tax increase, and double and triple counting some votes. We rate the statement .
Statement: They call" Jan. 6 "an insurrection," but "were FBI agents used as political agitators?
Speaker: mauro garza
About the speaker: Mauro Garza is a Republican candidate in the 2022 race for U.S. House District 15 in southern Texas. He previously ran for two other Texas U.S. House seats.
Date: January 24, 2022
Location: texas
Topics: congress;elections;ad watch;jan. 6
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Garza’s ad stated: "They call" Jan. 6 "an insurrection," but "were FBI agents used as political agitators?" He repeated a  that has been repeatedly debunked, as there is no  that the attack on the Capitol was instigated by FBI agents.  We rate Garza’s  .
Statement: Four percent of American citizens are black males, but they are 35 percent of murder victims.
Speaker: bill bennett
About the speaker: Bill Bennett is former Education Secretary, drug czar and head of the National Endowment for the Humanities under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush He is currently a political commentator for CNN.
Date: July 26, 2009
Location: national
Topics: census;legal issues;crime;pundits
Context: CNN's State of the Union with John King
Fact-check justification: According to Crime in the United States, a statistical survey published annually by the FBI, 6,223 black men were murdered nationally in 2007 out of 14,831 total murder victims, or 42 percent. The percentages for the two prior years were consistent — 42 percent in 2006 and 41 percent in 2005. So, Bennett got the numbers  on both ends of his assertions, and not by insignificant amounts. But on the general point — that black men are murdered at disproportionately high rates — he is unquestionably correct. For this reason, we give his statement a rating of .
Statement: We had the Democratic Governors Association and the Obama political machine come into a Republican primary to try and rig the election by spending $1 million against me in the last couple of days.
Speaker: eric greitens
About the speaker: Eric Greitens, a combat veteran who served in Afghanistan and Iraq, founded The Mission Continues, a Missouri-based non-profit that helps returning veterans. He won his race for Missouri governor as a Republican in 2016. He resigned on May 29, 2018 after he was charged with felony computer tampering and faced allegations related to an extramarital affair.
Date: August 11, 2016
Location: missouri
Topics: campaign finance
Context: an interview on Fox & Friends
Fact-check justification: Greitens said the Democratic Governors Association and "the Obama political machine" spent $1 million against him leading up to the primary election. A PAC with the same address as the Democratic Governors Association made four in-kind contributions totaling that amount in the weeks leading up to the election. And though both Obama and the PAC hired the same company to work on their ads, there's no  to support Greiten's statement that the "Obama political machine" colluded with the PAC. We rate this  as .
Statement: Says Kurt Schrader voted to cut $500 billion from Medicare, threatening "thousands of Oregon seniors and their access to their current coverage.
Speaker: scott bruun
About the speaker: Scott Bruun is an Oregon state representative running for the 5th Congressional District seat.
See his profile in The Oregonian's Your Government page.
Date: September 30, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2010
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Overall, the health care reforms are designed to reward efficiency -- and that may be a good thing for seniors here. PolitiFact Oregon's view is that Bruun's statement contains some element of  -- the $500 billion figure. But it ignores critical facts that would give voters a different impression. The ad conflates actual cuts with decreases in future spending, over the next decade for a program expected to expand, and it fails to mention any of the benefits to seniors under the new Medicare program. We rate this statement .   Comment on this item.
Statement: ACORN will be a paid partner with the Census Bureau and "they will be in charge of going door-to-door and collecting data from the American public.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: June 17, 2009
Location: national
Topics: census
Context: an interview with the Washington Times
Fact-check justification: That's it. And despite Bachmann's , ACORN gets no money for signing on as a partner. Once again, she is making a scaremongering  about ACORN with facts that are  . So we have to set the meter on fire once again. She earns another .
Statement: Says Tallahassee mayor Andrew Gillum "wants to make Florida not a sanctuary city but a sanctuary state.
Speaker: adam putnam
About the speaker: Adam Putnam lost the Republican primary for Florida governor to U.S. Rep. Ron DeSantis in 2018. A former Republican Congressman from Congressional District 12 in Central Florida, was elected Florida Commissioner of Agriculture on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014.
Date: November 30, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: Putnam's comment is extrapolated from Gillum's vows to fight back against Trump's attack on sanctuary cities. As mayor of Tallahassee, Gillum criticized Trump’s executive order threatening to suspend funding to sanctuary cities, and Gillum’s campaign said as governor he would support an approach like in Tallahassee that emphasizes immigration enforcement as a federal responsibility, not a local one. But Gillum has not offered a specific statewide policy for not cooperating with detainer requests from immigration enforcement officials. His position is murkier than Putnam describes. We rate this  .