chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Photo shows Empire State Building lit up to support Ukraine.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: February 23, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks;ukraine
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: In August 2012, the south side of the Empire State Building lit up yellow and blue for Ukraine, which was competing in the Olympics in London. The other sides of the building were lit up for other countries also competing.   A website dedicated to news about Ukraine also posted in August 2005 that "for the second year in a row," the tower displayed "blue and gold" to commemorate the country’s Independence Day on Aug. 24.   We reached out to the Empire State Building to confirm but did not immediately hear back.   We rate claims that this image being shared on social media shows the tower lit up for Ukraine amid the Russian invasion there .
Statement: Seniors can be charged five times what anybody else is charged for health care for pre-existing conditions" under the Republican health care bill.
Speaker: linda coleman
About the speaker: Linda Coleman is a Democratic candidate for Congress, and former member of the North Carolina General Assembly.
Date: October 26, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: a town hall
Fact-check justification: Coleman said that under the GOP repeal bill, "Seniors can be charged five times what anybody else is charged for health care for pre-existing conditions." She has a point that the AHCA would have allowed insurance companies to charge adults between the ages of 50 and 64 up to five times what they charged others for the same coverage. But Coleman’s use of the word "seniors" is too broad and potentially , and her statement omitted at least three key points: Under the status quo, insurance companies can already charge older adults three times what they charge younger adults. The bill’s provision would not have applied to seniors receiving their insurance from Medicare or older adults with employer-provided coverage, which is how most older people get their coverage. The bill’s provision would have let states implement their own ratios separate from the 5-to-1 default. Overall, Coleman’s  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this statement .
Statement: Up "to 45 percent" of illegal immigrants "are not people that physically crossed the southern border or northern border. They are visa overstayers.
Speaker: julián castro
About the speaker: Julián Castro is a former U.S. secretary of Housing & Urban Development. He was the youngest member of Barack Obama’s cabinet, serving from 2014 to 2017. Just before he became secretary of HUD, he was the mayor of San Antonio, elected in 2009. Castro received a bachelor’s degree in political science and communications from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on Jan. 2, 2020.
Date: April 15, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a debate over immigration issues with state Sen. Dan Patrick
Fact-check justification: Castro said up to 45 percent of illegal immigrants "are not people that physically crossed the southern border or northern border. They are visa overstayers." That’s supported by the nearly eight-year-old estimate created by the Pew Hispanic Center, though it was based on calculations suggesting overstayers could comprise as few as 38 percent of illegal residents up to half of them. This range and the age of the estimate amount to additional information missing from Castro's , which we rate as .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Dan McCready "did admit he opposes middle class tax cuts.
Speaker: congressional leadership fund
About the speaker: The Congressional Leadership Fund is a super PAC exclusively dedicated to protecting and strengthening the Republican Majority in the House of Representatives.
Date: October 18, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: taxes
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: The Congressional Leadership Fund ad says McCready admitted he opposes middle class tax cuts. They cited a story about the tax plan passed last year. In it, McCready specifically says the tax plan didn’t do enough to help the middle class. And McCready has repeatedly said he likes the middle class tax cuts in the Trump plan. We rate this  . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide.
Statement: Photos prove the Denver light rail system has low ridership.
Speaker: no tax for tracks
About the speaker: No Tax For Tracks is a community organization in Pinellas County created to oppose budget increases for the Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority.
Date: September 29, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;transportation;taxes
Context: a debate about Greenlight Pinellas
Fact-check justification: No Tax For Tracks gave a presentation with photos they said prove the Denver light rail system has low ridership. After examining the presentation and Denver’s light rail system, we found the opposite. Not only are the photos misrepresenting the city’s mass transit, but statistics show the Mile High city has one of the more successful systems in the country. No Tax For Tracks may not approve of how rail is funded or operated, but using photos of one thing and saying it’s another nullifies the argument. We rate the statement . Correction, Oct. 24, 2014: The story has been changed to reflect the Tampa streetcar line averages about 700 trips per day. The story previously had a different number.
Statement: Congressional benefits include "free health care, outrageous retirement packages, 67 paid holidays, three weeks paid vacation, unlimited paid sick days.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 10, 2019
Topics: congress;health care;retirement;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said congressional benefits include "free health care, outrageous retirement packages, 67 paid holidays, three weeks paid vacation, unlimited paid sick days." The post gets more details  than right. Lawmakers can take absences when they are sick, and they do have generous pension plans. But they do not get free health care, and they do not take 67 paid holidays. There isn’t a provision governing their vacation days, either. We’ll rate this post .
Statement: By the way, I'm not raising tolls 50 percent....Jon Corzine did.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: December 23, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: transportation
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: In a radio interview, Christie directed blame for the new toll hikes to his predecessor, claiming "I'm not raising tolls 50 percent....Jon Corzine did." The governor’s planning to spend the money, but he didn’t raise the tolls. With Corzine’s approval, the New Jersey Turnpike Authority approved the two-phase toll increase in October 2008. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says Mitt Romney "just gave a speech a few weeks ago" and said "we should still have troops in Iraq.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 22, 2012
Location: national
Topics: debates;iraq;military
Context: the third presidential debate
Fact-check justification: According to Obama, Romney said in a recent speech "we should still have troops in Iraq." In a speech at the Virginia Military Institute, Romney said the United States has been "undermined by the abrupt withdrawal of our entire troop presence" and that Obama "failed to secure a responsible and gradual drawdown." So Romney wanted a sizeable presence of U.S. troops in Iraq past 2011 as part of a status of forces agreement, which the Obama administration sought but did not get with the Iraqi government. The agreement would have been part of an overall drawdown. We rate Obama’s  .
Statement: Says H.R. 1 "allows minors to vote.
Speaker: ted budd
About the speaker: Ted Budd is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives who represents parts of central North Carolina between Greensboro and Charlotte. He joined Congress in 2017.
Date: March 2, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Budd tweeted, among other things, that H.R. 1 "allows minors to vote." The bill would allow people who are 16 to register to vote. That’s not the same thing as allowing them to cast a vote. This  is patently .
Statement: Ivanka Trump charged with major crime.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 15, 2022
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video claims that Ivanka Trump and her brothers are facing criminal charges in a case involving the Trump Organization, the Trump International Hotel in Washington, D.C., and the Trump Inaugural Committee. That case stemmed from a civil lawsuit filed by D.C.’s attorney general in 2020. The Trump Organization had been removed as a defendant in the case in November but was reinstated this week by a different judge. No one has been criminally charged in this case. We rate this  . Staff researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: 80 percent of impeachments in Missouri have been against judges.
Speaker: ed emery
About the speaker: Ed Emery is a state senator representing a district in Missouri.
Date: January 28, 2019
Location: missouri
Topics: legal issues
Context: legislative testimony
Fact-check justification: Emery said "80 percent of impeachments in Missouri have been against judges." Emery’s percentage calculation is accurate, but his overall statement does not reflect the relevant context of the current debate. The  does not factor in shifts in Missouri’s judge selection methods prior to 1940 and miscounted some cases. It’s important to note that the number of impeachments against judges have dropped sharply since the Missouri Plan, and half of the impeachments in the 20th century have been against public officials. We rate Emery’s statement .
Statement: Congress, criminals, Scientologists and other groups are exempt from Obamacare.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 21, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;religion
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: This Internet meme rattles of a list of groups that are and are not exempt from the individual mandate in the Affordable Care Act. Most of the claims are way off-base, but we found some facts buried among the falsehoods. Obama and Biden don’t need to buy insurance on the marketplaces, but they’re not exempt from fines if they don’t have coverage. Prisoners and American Indians are in fact exempt, but they still have health care of some sort. Members of small number of religious groups can receive exemptions if they have formal objections to medical care or health insurance, but we found no  that Muslims or Scientologists meet that criteria. Because most of the list is , we rate the  .
Statement: Says the state's budget shortfall is "not that much different" than it was in 2003.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: March 7, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a comment to reporters
Fact-check justification: But we are going to work with what we have" without raising taxes, Frazier said. Our read: If it’s reasonable to make the comparisons we’ve laid out--and we think it is--then Texas faces a significantly greater shortfall now than in 2003. And that’s without taking into account the unlikelihood of a federal aid rescue and potentially greater difficulties reducing health and human services. Whether the budget can be written without new taxes, as Perry advocates, is not the issue. His statement is .
Statement: Says Bill Clinton signed a law "very similar to," and Barack Obama voted for a law "something like," Indiana's Religious Freedom Restoration Act.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: April 1, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: civil rights;legal issues;lgbtq;religion;supreme court
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker said Bill Clinton signed a federal law "very similar to," and Obama voted for an Illinois law "something like," Indiana's Religious Freedom Restoration Act.    The three laws share the same title and much of the same language, but Indiana’s law has at least two significant provisions that the other two laws don’t. Moreover, the federal and Illinois laws were passed with the intent to protect various religious practices from government intervention. Conversely, supporters of the Indiana law see it as a vehicle for fighting back against the legalization of same-sex marriage. For a statement that is partially accurate but takes things out of context, our rating is .
Statement: Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg "has downgraded over 50% of the felonies to misdemeanors.
Speaker: ron desantis
About the speaker: Ron DeSantis announced on May 24, 2023 that he is running for president in the Republican primary. DeSantis won the race for Florida governor in 2018 and 2022. DeSantis was first elected to Congress in 2012 and resigned in September 2018 to focus on his campaign. He represented Florida's 6th Congressional District which is south of St. Augustine and north of Orlando and includes Daytona Beach. DeSantis initially ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but dropped out after Marco Rubio decided to seek re-election.
Date: March 20, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: criminal justice;new york
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: 2023 data shows that so far, 54% of felonies have been downgraded to misdemeanors.    Experts said that downgrading charges is a common practice and that it was done more often in three of New York’s other boroughs, according to state data from 2021.   We rate this  .   RELATED: All of our fact-checks about criminal justice RELATED: All of our fact-checks of DeSantis
Statement: Medicare "only has about 50 percent of it paid for by either premiums or payroll taxes, and the rest is deficit spending ... or debt spending.
Speaker: tim pawlenty
About the speaker: Tim Pawlenty is the former governor of Minnesota, having served two terms in office from 2003-2011.
Date: May 29, 2011
Location: national
Topics: medicare;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: It's certainly  that the cost of Medicare is growing and that general revenue -- primarily from income taxes -- is shouldering a growing share of the load. In 2008, the Government Accountability Office concluded the exploding cost of Medicare and other entitlement programs such as Medicaid and Social Security had put the federal budget on an "unsustainable fiscal path." One could argue that added Medicare costs to a budget that is already running a deficit is simply adding on more deficit spending. But inasmuch as Medicare has always been supplemented by general revenues, we think it's a little  to characterize anything not paid by Medicare payroll taxes or patient premiums as deficit spending. And so we rate Pawlenty's statement .
Statement: The stimulus bill "didn't create one new job.
Speaker: scott brown
About the speaker: Scott Brown was elected a Republican U.S. senator from Massachusetts in 2010. He lost re-election in 2012 and subsequently became a political commentator for Fox News. In March 2014, Brown announced that he was considering entering the U.S. Senate race in New Hampshire.
Date: February 4, 2010
Location: national
Topics: stimulus;workers
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: He said the stimulus bill "didn’t create one new job" and, when asked to clarify, he said it "hasn’t created any new jobs." It's perfectly reasonable to question whether the $862 billion was well spent and whether it is good economic policy. But that money has clearly resulted in tens of thousands of jobs that wouldn't exist otherwise. It's preposterous to  that no new jobs came out of it. We find his  !
Statement: Says Barack Obama "promised" gasoline at $2.50 a gallon.
Speaker: lenny curry
About the speaker: Lenny Curry is chairman of the Republican Party of Florida. His current term expires in January 2013.
Date: March 4, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: energy;gas prices;transportation
Context: an interview on "Political Connections"
Fact-check justification: Obama has discussed the need for the country to achieve energy independence through reduced consumption and more renewable energy sources. At times he connected those policies to lower gas prices for families. But he never promised a particular price point and certainly not $2.50 a gallon. We rate Curry’s statement . PolitiFact Florida is partnering with 10 News for the 2012 election season. See the video version of this fact-check here .
Statement: Pregnancy tests include a "hidden Plan B" pill.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 27, 2023
Topics: women;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video claimed pregnancy tests contain hidden Plan B pills. That’s not . The purpose of the small tablet inside the tests is to absorb moisture. It is not an emergency contraceptive pill. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Boris Johnson faked getting his booster shot.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 3, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: BBC reporter Alistair Coleman tweeted one such picture in a thread debunking claims that the booster shot scene was staged. So did the Associated Press . And the needle is visible from several angles in this 51-second video posted on YouTube by Bloomberg .    The AP reported that the blue part of the needle that some people are mistaking for the cap is actually called the "hub," and it connects the needle to the barrel of the syringe. We rate claims that Johnson didn’t get his booster shot .
Statement: Almost 37 percent of the total income from Planned Parenthood is from abortions.
Speaker: ronald renuart
About the speaker: State Rep. Ronald Renuart represents District 18. He was first elected in 2008.
Date: April 20, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: abortion
Context: comments during a committee hearing
Fact-check justification: If , that's still only 13 percent of the total revenue generated by Planned Parenthood. Renuart didn't make that distinction in his comments during the House committee meeting. He presented his figures and claimed that "almost 37 percent of the total income from Planned Parenthood is from abortions." Renuart should have been more cautious with his words. We rate this statement .
Statement: The World Economic Forum "launches 'mark of the beast' CBDC microchip that will 'end gun ownership in America.'
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 19, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The forum has posted about the potential for a central bank digital currency, but nothing like what’s suggested in this blog post. The blog shown in the Instagram post has previously shared misinformation, and this  appears to be no exception. Though the post features a "fact checked" label, it’s unclear what that means. It links to the site’s "about" page, which claims to cover "the headlines mainstream outlets shy away from. "  We rate this headline .
Statement: I am the only candidate who ran in either the Democratic or the Republican primary who said from the very beginning (that) I will not raise taxes on the middle class.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: August 17, 2016
Location: national
Topics: income;taxes
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "I am the only candidate who ran in either the Democratic or the Republican primary who said from the very beginning (that) I will not raise taxes on the middle class." Fifteen of the 17 Republican presidential candidates signed pledges not to raise taxes on anyone, which includes the middle class. Thirteen of those candidates signed the vow last year; the other two inked such a pledge earlier in their careers. Trump wasn’t one of them, but Clinton specifically mentioned the primary field. And that makes the  both  and . We rate this , again, .