chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: NASA scientists fudged the numbers to make 1998 the hottest year to overstate the extent of global warming.
Speaker: steve doocy
About the speaker: Steve Doocy is a host of the Fox and Friends program on the Fox News channel.
Date: June 24, 2014
Topics: environment;climate change;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of "Fox and Friends."
Fact-check justification: Doocy with Fox News said NASA scientists fudged the numbers to overstate the extent of global warming. This exaggerated the thrust in the underlying blog post. It accused government scientists of altering the U.S. temperature record, not the record for the entire earth. As for what the blog said, we found that experts across the spectrum found fundamental flaws in its analytic methods. By relying on raw data, it ignored that the number and location of weather stations and the methods of measuring temperatures across the United States have changed greatly over the past 80 years. The experts we reached or whose work we read generally agree that the corrections for flawed data produce valid results. The bare bones approach used in the blog post provides no solution to the issues of weaknesses in the raw data. We rate the  .
Statement: RIPTA has really some of the fullest buses for its transit agency size around the country.
Speaker: abel collins
About the speaker: Abel G. Collins, a Brown University graduate who lives in South Kingstown, R.I. is program manager for the Rhode Island chapter of the Sierra Club. He ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 2012.
Date: June 2, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: environment;economy;energy;infrastructure;state budget;transportation
Context: an interview on WJAR-TV's "10 News Conference."
Fact-check justification: We ultimately analyzed data on more than three times that many, using a federal rating method that listed bus services comparable to Rhode Island's. RIPTA's rankings ranged from 8th to 13th. They varied a bit because there's no standardized way to calculate who has the "fullest" buses. Because there's some uncertainty but the different methods show RIPTA ranking high, we rate Collins' statement  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Says Nikita Khrushchev brought an extra shoe to a United Nations session in 1960, which he banged on the desk in protest.
Speaker: arthur cyr
About the speaker: Arthur I. Cyr is a Clausen Distinguished Professor at Carthage College in Wisconsin and author of "After the Cold War."
Date: December 26, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: history
Context: a Providence Journal commentary
Fact-check justification: Commentator Arthur Cyr stated that Nikita Khrushchev brought an extra shoe to a United Nations session, which he used to bang on the desk in protest in 1960. His sole piece of  is a statement in a Martin McCauley book that talks about "careful examination of the shoe-bashing incident." But McCauley doesn't cite a source or outline the  that was supposedly the subject of "careful examination." And now, more than two decades later, he can't remember who told him. So at this point, there is no solid  for a third shoe. Meanwhile, the New York Times account from that era states that Khrushchev took off his own shoe. We can't resolve the controversy over whether Khrushchev used it as a gavel. But, based on the absence of , we rate Cyr's Third Shoe  as  . READ Cyr's rebuttal.    (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Says because of Hurricane Sandy in Atlantic City "much of that boardwalk no longer exists -- just the pillars where the boardwalk used to be.
Speaker: frank lautenberg
About the speaker: Frank Lautenberg is a Democratic senator representing New Jersey.
Date: November 13, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: tourism;weather
Context: a speech on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: Lautenberg said that because of Hurricane Sandy in Atlantic City, "much of that boardwalk no longer exists—just the pillars where the boardwalk used to be." The storm washed away a dilapidated section of Atlantic City’s boardwalk -- much of which had been scheduled for demolition -- that runs along the Absecon Inlet. So there’s an element of  to Lautenberg’s . But the stretch of the boardwalk in front of the casinos -- the area most tourists associate with Atlantic City -- fared the storm well. Lautenberg’s speech ignored those important details, so we rate this  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Amid COVID-19, 25 of the 26 Republican governors "have decided to play football," but "three-fourths" of the 24 Democratic governors "have decided not to play already and most will probably not play.
Speaker: tommy tuberville
About the speaker: Former college football coach Tommy Tuberville, in his first run for public office, became the Republican nominee for a U.S. Senate seat from Alabama in the 2020 election. He was elected to the U.S. Senate later that year.
Date: August 17, 2020
Topics: government regulation;public health;sports;coronavirus
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Tuberville said that amid COVID-19, 25 of the 26 Republican governors "have decided to play football," but "three-fourths" of the 24 Democratic governors "have decided not to play already and most will probably not play." Collegiate athletic conferences and some universities — not governors or states — are deciding whether their teams will play football this fall. Tuberville’s figures are also . We rate his statement .
Statement: Crime is escalating to a level we haven't seen in decades as a direct result of Democrats' defund the police movement and Biden-Harris open-border policies.
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: June 29, 2021
Location: national
Topics: crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Republican National Committee tweeted that "crime is escalating to a level we haven’t seen in decades as a direct result of Democrats’ defund the police movement and Biden-Harris open-border policies." It’s not  that crime is rising to a level we haven’t seen in decades.  Homicides are up, but there’s no  that the trend is tied to a police defunding policy or Democrats’ border policies, let alone that it’s a "direct result." Experts say many other factors may have played a role, including racial-justice protests and disruptions caused by the pandemic.  We rate this  .
Statement: Only 14 percent of Catholics agree with the Vatican's position that abortion should be illegal.
Speaker: jon o'brien
About the speaker: Jon O'Brien is president of Catholics for Choice, which supportions abortion rights.
Date: April 11, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: abortion;polls and public opinion;religion;women
Context: written testimony at a House hearing
Fact-check justification: Jon O'Brien of Catholics for Choice said that "only 14 percent of Catholics agree with the Vatican's position that abortion should be illegal." Two polls, one commissioned by his organization and one commissioned by the Knights of Columbus, support that precise number. Other, independent, polls show a bit more support among Catholics for the church's official position, but not a lot, unless the question is posed to the most devout. O'Brien offered a very specific number, without qualifiers. He is very close, especially when you consider that the margin of error grows when such polls pull out the subset of respondents who are Catholic. But because there is some variation, we rate his statement  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Corporations have NEVER made as much money as they are making now.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 1, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump tweeted that "corporations have NEVER made as much money as they are making now." In raw dollars, corporations are making more money as of January 2017 than ever before. It’s worth noting that the data isn’t in for a Trump-only quarter. And as a share of the broader economy, corporate profit levels are not unprecedentedly high -- in fact, for almost half of the quarters under Obama, the share was even higher. We rate the statement .
Statement: In 2017, illegal aliens murdered 1,800 Americans.
Speaker: tom mcclintock
About the speaker: a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California
Date: January 29, 2019
Location: california
Topics: immigration;crime;public safety
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Additionally, the figures may also include some legal permanent residents, a group that’s much larger than those who are in the country illegally. Overall, we found McClintock’s  is a severe exaggeration and misrepresents the information in the report. We rate it .    –  The statement is not accurate. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Chinese communist" troops on the ground at U.S. southern border.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: May 15, 2023
Location: national
Topics: immigration;border security;homeland security
Context: a TikTok video
Fact-check justification: A TikTok video claimed that "Chinese communist" troops are on the ground at the U.S. southern border.  The number of Chinese migrants at the southern border has increased in recent months. But there is nothing unusual about "military age men" coming from any country, even those with strained relations with the U.S. We found no  the recent increase has any connection to China’s military. Many of the migrants are fleeing political or religious repression, or migrating for financial reasons.  We rate the  . Staff Writer Maria Ramirez Uribe contributed to this report.
Statement: When total Sandy spending is added up, it's more than the annual budget for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. And it's more than twice the annual budget of the U.S. Energy Department.
Speaker: kelly ayotte
About the speaker: Kelly Ayotte is a U.S. Senator representing New Hampshire as a Republican. She was the first woman to serve as her state's attorney general. Appointed to that position in 2004 by a Republican governor, she was twice reappointed by a Democratic governor.
Date: February 3, 2013
Location: new hampshire
Context: a guest commentary
Fact-check justification: But, they also estimated $39 billion in department outlays, and records show they ended up spending $32.5 billion. Doubled, both of those numbers exceed the Sandy spending, meaning on this part, Ayotte is off target. Ayotte said she was referring to budget authority figures, and she's right on that count. By other measures, she's either very close or not accurate. We rate her    .
Statement: Fifty percent of the graduating class of the year 2012 will have smoked marijuana or have done illegal drugs.
Speaker: gary johnson
About the speaker: Gary Johnson is the Libertarian nominee for president in 2016. He was also the party's nominee in 2012. He previously served as governor of New Mexico as a Republican.
Date: February 25, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: drugs;marijuana
Context: a forum
Fact-check justification: The National Center for Education Statistics has data on its website that says about 47 percent of the graduating class of 2009 had tried any type of illicit drug. The percentage has declined each year since 2000, when 54 percent of high school seniors had tried drugs. We couldn’t find data about the percentage of high school seniors graduating this year who’ve smoked marijuana or have done any kind of illicit drug. The studies we’ve found show drug use among 12th-graders hovers around the 50 percent mark, with a slight decline in recent years. We rate his  as .
Statement: Says when an interviewer asked Donald Trump if he treats women with respect, Trump replied, "I can't say that.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: July 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: history;women
Context: a video shown at the Democratic convention
Fact-check justification: Hillary Clinton, in a campaign ad shown at the Democratic convention, said that when an interviewer asked Donald Trump if he treats women with respect, Trump replied, "I can't say that." The four-second clip has not been doctored. But this is an example of where context can be crucial. It omits the fact that Stern is the interviewer. The opening question of whether Trump said he treats women like feces, Trump's denial, Stern's assessment that it's "somewhere in between" and Trump's subsequent response that "I treat women with great respect" are all missing. Because so much is ignored in this brief clip— information that could give a different impression — we rate the  .
Statement: Wisconsin's economy has "tanked" under Gov. Scott Walker and "so far in 2015 over 6,685 people have been laid off, already more than in all of 2014.
Speaker: american bridge 21st century
About the speaker: American Bridge 21st Century is a Democratic super PAC.
Date: July 1, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a website posting
Fact-check justification: But the notices do not represent bodies out the door and, though higher than last year, they are not a reliable economic indicator.   Indeed, other reports say that employers overall added about 13,000 jobs in the first five months of the year, a pace higher than a year ago. We rate the  . ( Editor's note: The paragraph about 2015 job totals was edited for clarity, to reflect the figure is for the first four months of 2015 -- the ones for which final monthly numbers are available. Final numbers for May 2015 are not available.)
Statement: When a basketball player or football or baseball player from another team plays in Wisconsin, that one game's salary, they pay Wisconsin income tax on it. ... So, if for some reason we do not have the Brewers in Wisconsin all of those player salaries that generate dollars for the State of Wisconsin go away.
Speaker: robin vos
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Robin Vos, R-Rochester, has represented western Racine County in the state Assembly since 2004. In November 2012, he was elected Assembly speaker. Vos previously served on the Racine County Board of Supervisors, from 1994 to 2004.
Date: March 9, 2023
Location: wisconsin
Topics: baseball;sports;taxes
Context: Podcast
Fact-check justification: Vos said: "When a basketball player or football or baseball player from another team plays in Wisconsin, that one game's salary, they pay Wisconsin income tax on it. ... So, if for some reason we do not have the Brewers in Wisconsin all of those player salaries that generate dollars for the state of Wisconsin go away." Indeed, in 2022 alone, state income taxes on visiting players in the big three leagues topped $50 million. For a statement that is accurate and has nothing significant missing, our rating is .
Statement: Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp "allowed 7.5 million ballots to be sent to every registered voter.
Speaker: david perdue
About the speaker: David Perdue is running in the 2022 Republican primary for governor of Georgia. He was a U.S. Senator from January 2015 to January 2021. He has been the CEO of several businesses and is the cousin of former Georgia Gov. Sonny Perdue.
Date: May 21, 2022
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: an interview with Breitbart
Fact-check justification: Perdue said Kemp "allowed 7.5 million ballots to be sent to every registered voter."  Perdue’s attack is directed at the  official, and it mischaracterizes what happened. The Georgia secretary of state oversees elections. In March 2020, that official — not Kemp — announced that he would send an absentee ballot application to the 6.9 million active voters in the state for the primary. An application for an absentee ballot is not the same as an actual ballot. We rate this statement . RELATED : David Perdue distorts facts in Georgia agreement on absentee ballot signatures RELATED : Georgia’s David Perdue said elections were stolen from him and Trump. ! RELATED : All of our fact-checks about Georgia RELATED : All of our fact-checks about elections
Statement: Congress "is bewildered at the scope and reach of our spying apparatus" but in 2008 and 2012 "explicitly rejected an amendment calling for more disclosure.
Speaker: jon stewart
About the speaker: Jon Stewart is a comedian and host of Comedy Central's The Daily Show.
Date: October 30, 2013
Topics: foreign policy;pundits;terrorism;punditfact
Context: comments on Comedy Central's "The Daily Show"
Fact-check justification: Stewart said Congress had given intelligence agencies broad powers to engage in surveillance and had rejected an amendment that would have required more disclosure. Overall, changes made in 2008 and continued in 2012 did give U.S. spy agencies more leeway. Individual lawmakers offered amendments aimed expressly at giving Congress more details on intelligence activities, but they failed to win enough support. We rate this  .
Statement: Quotes Gene Hackman as saying that Trump could "easily turn out to be one of the best presidents that America has ever seen.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 20, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A quote floating around social media claims Hackman once said that Trump could "easily turn out to be one of the best presidents that America has ever seen." The statement was not made by Hackman. It belongs to late English nightclub owner Peter Stringfellow, and the quote was  cut short, omitting that Stringfellow also said, "or one of the worst!" We rate this  .
Statement: Video shows Congress "erupting" over U.S. Sen. Ted Cruz's remarks.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 29, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In it, Cruz questioned the 2020 presidential election’s results. But no eruption, and no Garland. The third clip shows Cruz questioning FBI Director Christopher Wray during a Senate Judiciary hearing in August. Again, no eruption and no Garland.   We rate this post .
Statement: Says Rudy Giuliani "bought $2M in shares of Novartis, a primary supplier of hydroxychloroquine" in early February.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: April 5, 2020
Topics: drugs;ethics;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A tweet claimed that Rudy Giuliani bought $2 million in shares of Novartis in February. We could find no  that Giuliani has a current financial connection to Novartis, which has donated 30 million doses of hydroxychloroquine to the U.S. The company did pay consulting fees to a former Trump associate, but documents don’t show any financial connection between the president himself and Novartis. The meeting that Trump had with the company’s chairman in January was not one on one — it included many other business executives. Bottom line: Available  does not show any financial link between Giuliani or Trump and Novartis. Barring additional , the tweet is . We rate it .
Statement: Says the U.S. Supreme Court found that "Social Security is not guaranteed.
Speaker: david jolly
About the speaker: David Jolly won a special election in March 2014 to represent the 13th U.S. Congressional District in Pinellas County, Florida. He won re-election in 2014 and was defeated by Democrat Charlie Crist in 2016. He is a former Washington lobbyist and aide to C.W. Bill Young.
Date: February 25, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: social security
Context: a Congressional campaign debate
Fact-check justification: Jolly said the Supreme Court ruled "Social Security is not guaranteed." It’s a position he has repeated at debates and on the campaign trail. The 1960 Flemming vs. Nestor case Jolly cited indeed said citizens don’t have a right to Social Security benefits, no matter how long they paid into the system. Congress can change the rules how they see fit, as long as they follow due process. We rate the statement .
Statement: When I closed (travel from China) he said I should not have closed. ...He said this is a terrible thing, you are a xenophobe, I think he called me racist. Now he says I should have closed it earlier.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 22, 2020
Topics: foreign policy;coronavirus
Context: the final presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "When I closed he said I should not have closed. ...He said this is a terrible thing, you are a xenophobe, I think he called me racist. Now he says I should have closed it earlier. … He thought I should not have closed the border. That’s obvious." Biden didn’t take an official position on the China travel restrictions until months after they were first enforced. And while he has called Trump a racist and xenophobic, those comments weren’t explicity in reference to the travel ban.  Trump’s  contains an element of , but overstates and takes Biden’s comments out of context. We rate the  . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: When asked about bills in Congress important to the North Country, Derrick responded 'I just don't know enough about it.'
Speaker: elise stefanik
About the speaker: Elise Stefanik is a Republican member of Congress representing New York's 21st Congressional District. She was first elected in 2014.
Date: October 6, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: health care
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Stefanik began airing an ad in October accusing Derrick of not knowing enough about the issues that affect the North Country. The narrator in the ad says, "When asked about bills in Congress important to the North Country, Derrick responded, ‘I just don’t know enough about it.’ " Derrick said that about a particular kind of health care coverage - not other issues in the North Country.  We rate this  as .
Statement: Just in: John Kerry facing prison.
Speaker: conservative stories
About the speaker: Conservative Stories is a rightwing website.
Date: May 21, 2018
Topics: fake news;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: A headline said "Just in: John Kerry facing prison." The story relies on a tweet that showed Kerry was in Paris -- that part is . But the allegations that Kerry was meeting with Iranian officials in an attempt to salvage the international nuclear agreement are unproven. So saying he violated any law is nothing more than guesswork. We rate this  .