chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Solyndra "had robots that whistled Disney songs. I'm not kidding.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: November 4, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: environment;corporations;energy;jobs;stimulus
Context: an Americans for Prosperity Foundation summit speech
Fact-check justification: We were heartened that Romney was able to quickly provide a source for his information about Solyndra's factory. But as an example of wasteful spending, "robots that whistled Disney songs," doesn't quite hold up. Automated guided vehicles are common in warehouses and factories, as a labor-saving device. Some of them come preloaded with melodies as an alternative to beep-beep-beep — to boost workers' attention to them, and thus safety. The Solyndra vehicles may have played some Disney tunes along with their movie medleys and Japanese folk songs, but it wasn't their most memorable feature. We rate Romney's  .
Statement: BREAKING: Pennsylvania initiated a FULL audit of the RIGGED ELECTION
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 7, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post said that Pennsylvania has started a full audit of the 2020 election results.  This is .  A senator made headlines for his so-far unsuccessful efforts to persuade a few counties to conduct forensic investigations of their results. So far, no counties have accepted the challenge, because the election results have been affirmed by audits already.  We rate this  .
Statement: House Republicans pledged to introduce a bill to reform America's health care system," but "the 'party of no' has . . . failed to produce legislation.
Speaker: steny hoyer
About the speaker: Steny Hoyer is the current House minority whip, having served in the position once before from 2003 to 2007. He was majority leader of the House from 2007 to 2011, and is the dean of the Maryland congressional delegation, having served the 5th district since 1981.
Date: September 28, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: He contends that the Republicans "pledged to introduce a bill to reform America’s health care system" but have failed to do so. That's  in that there are dozens of GOP bills, including several that are highlighted on the Republicans' Web site. But he's right that the Republicans have not rallied behind a single bill the way they suggested back in June. That leaves the -O-Meter stuck in the middle. .
Statement: Virginia ranks "in the bottom third of states" in administering the COVID-19 vaccine.
Speaker: kirk cox
About the speaker: Del. Kirk Cox, R-Colonial Heights, is the majority leader of Virginia's House of Delegates. He was first elected to the House in 1989.
Cox is a retired government teacher in Chesterfield County public schools.
 
Date: January 13, 2021
Location: virginia
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: The rest will qualify later.   Our ruling  Cox said on Jan.13 that Virginia ranked "in the bottom third of states nationally" in getting its allotted COVID-19 vaccines into arms. Virginia ranked 39th in the nation on that date. Although not part of this ruling, it should be noted that Virginia has since fallen to 48th, even though it has picked up pace in giving vaccines. We rate Cox’s statement .
Statement: Says Texas wildfires are linked to climate change.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 26, 2011
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change
Context: San Jose, Calif
Fact-check justification: Historically, scientists have drawn a clear distinction between specific weather events and longer-range changes in climate, and that sentiment persists. Normally, we would be extremely skeptical of claims linking specific weather events to climate change. However, the situation in Texas that Obama was referring to could be described as something broader than a specific weather event, and there is peer-reviewed  linking broader climate change in the American southwest with the incidence of wildfires in the region. The Texas state climatologist recently wrote that he believes climate change has had an effect in encouraging the current wildfires, but only as a modest contributing factor. This caution, combined with the difficulty of determining cause and effect in a system as complex as the earth’s atmosphere, leads us to rate Obama’s  .
Statement: If Texas were a country our economy would rank # 10...in the WORLD.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: August 30, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;states
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Abbott said that if Texas were a country, its economy would rank 10th in the world. That’s so, figures show, if you leave out a bigger state, California. Considering California, in fairness, Texas would rank 11th in the world. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/cdc4ac03-aab9-4c82-b255-b39c9f4656db
Statement: Says Edward Snowden "could have gotten all of the protections of being a whistleblower.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 13, 2015
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;foreign policy
Context: the first Democratic presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Clinton said that Edward Snowden could have gotten all the protections of being a whistleblower." A key 1998 law focused on intelligence community workers does lay out a pathway Snowden could have followed. However, there is at least a significant legal debate over whether the issues Snowden wanted to raise would fall under that law. Additionally, legal experts including an Army inspector general have said that the 1998 law does not protect whistleblowers from reprisals. The protections that Clinton referenced do not seem to be as strong as she suggested, and most of the expert opinion suggests they would not apply to Snowden. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez tweeted, "Let's begin 'The Purge' to roundup all Conservative traitors.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 12, 2021
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Ocasio-Cortez did recently refer to Auschwitz in a tweet following the Jan. 6 mob attack on the U.S. Capitol. But she appeared to be describing one of the rioters who was photographed inside the Capitol wearing a sweatshirt that said "Camp Auschwitz." We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Police find 19 white female bodies in freezers with 'Black Lives Matter' carved into skin.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: July 20, 2016
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: Some of the photographs often used to illustrate the story are of freezers really used to hide bodies, but aren’t of the fictional Thompson or his victims. One image showed a chest freezer used by a Japanese man who strangled his wife and hid the body for a decade . Another showed police removing a freezer in which a California man’s body had been hidden after he was killed . But this story and its details are . We rate it !
Statement: One out of five Americans cannot afford the cost of prescription drugs.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 30, 2019
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that one out of five people can’t afford their prescription drugs. There is some  for this. About 20% of people in a Kaiser survey said they had not filled a prescription because of the cost, and another 12% said they took less than the prescription called for. But affordability is hard to measure. Only about 10 percent said it was very difficult to pay for their medications. Another 15% said it was difficult. These are subjective terms, and neither says that people went entirely without their medications. The experts we reached said affordability is a significant issue. The survey data don’t precisely match up with Sanders’s words, but they support the idea that many people are pressed to pay for their medications. We rate this  .
Statement: SIX of the most prominent activists during the Ferguson riots have all been found burned to death in their cars. There are no coincidences here.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 15, 2019
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral Facebook post says six "of the most prominent activists during the Ferguson riots have all been found burned to death in their cars. There are no coincidences here. It’s systemic."  Multiple people directly and indirectly connected to the Ferguson protests have died in the nearly five years since Brown’s death, but not all were involved in the Brown case, as unproven rumors claimed. They were also not all discovered "burned to death in their cars." Suicide, accidental drowning and drug overdose were also listed as official causes of death. This  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Prince Harry says Donald Trump is not welcome at his wedding: 'Trump is a serious threat to human rights.'
Speaker: nova magazine
About the speaker: Nova magazine is an online publication. 
Date: November 27, 2017
Topics: candidate biography;punditfact
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: Markle did say that, on a panel she participated on for Comedy Central’s Nightly Show with Larry Wilmore on May 4, 2016. It seems unlikely that Trump will be invited to the royal wedding. But Harry never made a statement about it, nor did he say that Trump was a serious threat to human rights. Such a statement would have garnered worldwide headlines.  We rate the  that Harry said Trump was not welcome to the royal wedding as .
Statement: Ted Strickland destroyed Ohio jobs when he busted the budget.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: October 3, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: jobs;message machine 2010;state budget
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: Finally, the  that Strickland destroyed Ohio jobs amounts to political hyperbole. Ohio and other industrial states all hemorrhaged jobs when the economy hit the skids, and the causes of the recession are much broader than just the state’s budget woes. So where does that leave us?   We rate Kasich’s  that  "Ted Strickland destroyed Ohio jobs when he busted the budget" as . Comment on this item .
Statement: Absentee voting is different from mail-in voting and has more protections against fraud.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 30, 2020
Topics: elections
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: You have to send in for applications. You have to go through a whole procedure." There is no distinction between absentee voting and voting by mail. All mail ballots, regardless of how they are requested, are treated the same once they’re cast, and they require verification before being counted. We rate this  .
Statement: Says C.S. Lewis wrote, "They believed blindly everything they heard or read in the papers. They gave up their freedoms.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 7, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Some lines are evocative of the post, such as "we want him to be in the maximum uncertainty, so that his mind will be filled with contradictory pictures of the future, every one of which arouses hope or fear. "   But the phrase "instilled fear" that appears in the passage in the post appears in none of Lewis’ writing, Heck said. "Perhaps this post is an attempt at a creative retelling of some of the theology of Screwtape. "  We rate this post .
Statement: Since 1999, 440 people have been killed in attacks on church property in the United States.
Speaker: georgiacarry.org
About the speaker: GeorgiaCarry.org is a pro-gun group that advocates for lifting gun control restrictions statewide.
Date: April 9, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: guns
Context: an interview with Georgia Public Broadcasting
Fact-check justification: "Until such time that we have some real, hard data," Cramer added, "the best thing to say is, there are examples where a churchgoer having a gun during a confrontation mattered or would have mattered," And that is where the  of specific counts falls short. The data has some value in capturing the number of attacks on or at religious institutions. But there is no way to remove suicides from the death counts to ensure a more strict definition of attacks as understood by the general public. Without that ability, even a  with some  gives the  impression. We rate it .
Statement: Repealing the Affordable Care Act — and with it, Ohio's Medicaid expansion — could cost Ohio more than 81,000 jobs, jeopardize nearly 1 million Ohioans' health care coverage, and leave more than 220,000 Ohioans with mental illness or substance use disorders without insurance.
Speaker: for our future pac
About the speaker: For Our Future PAC, founded by California billionaire Tom Steyer and funded by unions, is a liberal group.
Date: July 2, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;medicaid
Context: a website
Fact-check justification: For Our Future Ohio PAC said "repealing the Affordable Care Act — and with it, Ohio’s Medicaid expansion — could cost Ohio more than 81,000 jobs, jeopardize nearly 1 million Ohioans’ health care coverage, and leave more than 220,000 Ohioans with mental illness or substance use disorders without insurance." The statement about jobs ignores the caveats in the study by the Economics Policy Institute. The study came up with a number about the potential drag on job growth under a scenario that was pushed by Republicans in 2017 but that never became law. It does not refer to job layoffs. About 1 million Ohioans are currently covered by the Affordable Care Act. An academic study found that about 220,000 Ohioans with addiction or mental health disorders have coverage through the law. However, since there isn’t a repeal-and-replace bill under serious consideration right now, it’s difficult to predict how many people in Ohio would be left without coverage. We rate this  .
Statement: Under Obama's plan (for welfare), you wouldn't have to work and wouldn't have to train for a job. They just send you your welfare check.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: August 6, 2012
Location: national
Topics: message machine 2012;welfare
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Romney’s ad says, "Under Obama’s plan (for welfare), you wouldn’t have to work and wouldn’t have to train for a job. They just send you your welfare check." That's a drastic distortion of the planned changes to Temporary Assistance to Needy Families. By granting waivers to states, the Obama administration is seeking to make welfare-to-work efforts more successful, not end them. What’s more, the waivers would apply to individually evaluated pilot programs -- HHS is not proposing a blanket, national change to welfare law. The ad tries to connect the dots to reach this zinger: "They just send you your welfare check." The HHS memo in no way advocates that practice. In fact, it says the new policy is "designed to improve employment outcomes for needy families." The ad’s  is not accurate, and it inflames old resentments about able-bodied adults sitting around collecting public assistance. !
Statement: Florida has "more concealed weapons permits than any other state.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: August 13, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: a Fox News interview
Fact-check justification: Scott said Florida has "more concealed weapons permits than any other state." A recent U.S. Government Accountability Office study backs Scott up. The state has about 887,000 valid concealed weapons permits, nearly 100,000 more than the next closest state, Pennsylvania. We rate this statement . (Correction: Our concluding graphs originally gave Georgia the No. 2 ranking and ignored Pennsylvania, which is rightly No. 2.)
Statement: The Every Student Succeeds Act "did away basically with Common Core.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: January 4, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: education
Context: a newspaper interview
Fact-check justification: McCain said the Every Student Succeeds Act "did away basically with Common Core." The Every Student Succeeds Act does not do away with Common Core. Common Core still exists in states throughout the country. A state can still decide whether or not they want to implement those standards, or create their own. The new law prevents the federal government from mandating what a state decides to do with its specific education policies, such as requiring Common Core. The government did not, however, require states to adopt Common Core before this law. For oversimplifying complex education policy, we rate McCain’s  as .
Statement: The Obama administration "even proposed banning farm kids from doing basic chores!
Speaker: john thune
About the speaker: John Thune is a U.S. Senator who represents South Dakota.
Date: August 29, 2012
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;government regulation
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: Thune said that the Obama administration "even proposed banning farm kids from doing basic chores." There was a proposed rule, prompted by cases of children suffering injury or death while working with agricultural equipment. But the rule did not apply to kids working on their parents' farms. We should note there was controversy because some farmers felt that the Labor Department was interpreting the exemption too strictly. In the end, the whole proposed rule was tossed in the trash by federal officials after an outpouring of complaints. But while the proposal was alive, federal officials did not propose banning children from doing basic chores on their parents’ farms. It's   to suggest it applied to children of family farmers and even sillier to say it applied to "chores." !