chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Jay-Z set up a $15 million trust fund for Nipsey Hussle's children.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 4, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: A story posted on an entertainment blog claims that Jay-Z set up a "$15 million trust fund" for the late Nipsey Hussle’s children. The report was soon discredited as being inauthentic by several hip-hop websites and we could find no  or details to suggest that such a donation was made. This is !
Statement: Says "Austin has the lowest property tax rate by far of the five major cities in Texas.
Speaker: lee leffingwell
About the speaker: Lee Leffingwell, initially elected mayor in 2009, is a former Austin City Council member and retired airline pilot. Leffingwell, a past chair of the city's Environmental Board, grew up in Austin's Bouldin neighborhood, according to the biography posted on the city's web site.
Date: April 16, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: city budget;city government;housing;taxes
Context: an Austin mayoral candidate debate
Fact-check justification: Leffingwell’s right on the rates. Austin had the lowest 2011 city property tax rate among Texas’ five biggest cities. Yet rates alone are not the only, or even best, indicator of how much residents have been socked by property taxes. Comparing each city’s average-value home in 2011, for instance, Austin would have extracted the second-highest tax payment. Without this context, Leffingwell’s rate comparison misrepresents this pocketbook issue. His  rates .
Statement: Says Paul Ryan's budget plan "ends Medicare.
Speaker: rob zerban
About the speaker: Democrat Rob Zerban of Wisconsin is a former small business owner and former Kenosha County supervisor. He lost a bid to unseat Republican Paul Ryan in the southern Wisconsin U.S. House of Representatives district in November 2012. He won the Aug. 12, 2014 Democratic primary election to face Ryan again.
Date: October 4, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare;message machine 2012
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: But Ryan later proposed allowing beneficiaries under 55 a choice -- they could use their payment to buy private insurance or for a plan that acts like traditional Medicare. So, Medicare would remain the same for people 55 and over and it would remain an option for those who are younger. Our rating Long after the  had been debunked, Zerban flatly stated that Ryan’s budget plan "ends Medicare." People 55 and older would remain on traditional Medicare, while those who today are under 55 could use a voucher they would receive to buy either a private insurance plan or a plan that acts like traditional Medicare. We rate Zerban’s statement .
Statement: Military ready to act on audit results!" in Arizona
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 29, 2021
Location: national
Topics: elections;military;arizona
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post accompanying a video about a ballot review in Arizona’s Maricopa County said the military is "ready to act on audit results!"  The post contained no  to back up that , and we couldn’t find any either. Spokespersons for the Arizona National Guard and the U.S. Army said their agencies are not involved with the review of the ballots in Maricopa.  We rate this statement .  RELATED: Trump falsely implies Arizona audit has exposed fraud RELATED: Trump lost. Yet the 2020 election falsehoods live on in Arizona
Statement: Phil Puckett "voted no on sending the EPA a message that they've gone too far not once, but twice.
Speaker: republican party of virginia
About the speaker: The Virginia wing of the national Republican Party.
Date: June 16, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: environment;energy;government regulation
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: It could just as easily apply to any federal law or regulation in existence, from health care reform to playground safety requirements. Puckett didn’t vote twice against the amendment; he didn’t vote on it at all. Lastly, Puckett actually introduced a resolution seeking to achieve the very goal the GOP accuses him of opposing. This one’s more than a stretch, it’s . !
Statement: Says Republican presidential candidate and Gov. John Kasich has spent 177 days out of state and used $350,000 in taxpayer money on his "costly campaign.
Speaker: ohio democratic party
About the speaker: Statewide organization for Ohio's Democrats.
Date: April 8, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: campaign finance;taxes
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Ohio Democratic Party said that in 177 days on the campaign trail, Kasich’s security detail cost taxpayers $350,000. Our analysis confirmed that $350,000 is most likely a conservative estimate. At the current rate, the total could be twice that by the RNC in July. Since neither state officials nor Kasich’s camp will confirm any details on the governor’s security, we have to rely on what we learned from the treasurer’s open records data. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f55505e5-5211-4178-9fd0-7d1b2854c596
Statement: The Republicans and President Donald Trump "passed a tax bill that gave 80 percent of its benefits to the top 1 percent.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: January 16, 2018
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a Medium post
Fact-check justification: The DNC said that the Republicans "passed a tax bill that gave 80 percent of its benefits to the top 1 percent." That’s the case by 2027, due to the expiration of several important middle-income tax cuts and a change in how inflation is calculated. However, through 2025, the share of benefits going to the top 1 percent is much smaller, at roughly 20 percent to 25 percent. The DNC is cherry-picking by focusing on the tax bill’s impact by 2027, rather than the impact for the nearly a decade leading up to then. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says "only 18 percent of Portland elementary schools have art instruction compared to 83 percent nationally.
Speaker: sam adams
About the speaker: Sam Adams is the mayor of Portland. Before that he was a city commissioner and , for 11 years, was chief of staff to then-Mayor Vera Katz.
Date: June 7, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: education
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: That brings us to our ruling. The figures Adams used in his tweet both come from reliable sources. We’re not sure they can be perfectly compared, but even if you do your best to chip away at the national number, you’re still left with a dramatic gulf in which 70 percent of elementary schools nationally say they offer art education with a certified art teacher while only 18 percent of Portland-area schools can likely say the same. The general point here, that Portland is falling behind the national average for art education is as accurate as it is startling. We rate this  .
Statement: Tony Evers says that tax dollars should pay for the abortions just like they pay for tonsillectomies.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: September 17, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: abortion;medicaid;public health
Context: a poll
Fact-check justification: Evers didn’t make that exact statement, but the statement is a reasonable way to describe what he said. A reporter had asked Evers: "Do you want to see Medicaid funding of abortion generally?" And Evers replied saying, "we need to have the Medicaid money be available for all people, and restricting it because of a certain procedure, whether it's a tonsillectomy or any other procedure, seems to me a foolhardy thing to do." So, Evers said the use of Medicaid, which is tax funded, should not be restricted by any procedure, which would include abortion. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: Says "Patrick Murphy was named one of America's least effective congressmen.
Speaker: american future fund
About the speaker: American Future Fund is a conservative organization.
Date: September 1, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: congress
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The American Future Fund ad said,"Patrick Murphy was named one of America's least effective congressmen." This is based on a ranking of one group that narrowly looks at Murphy’s record by only including bills he sponsored that passed out of committee through 2014. Congressional experts have told us that there are multiple ways to influence legislation and be an effective member which aren’t captured by this analysis of only part of his tenure. The ad also omits that as a freshman Democrat, Murphy had little chance of getting legislation through committee. The majority of members on the "least effective" list are freshmen Democrats. Another analysis shows that he met expectations for a freshman of the minority party. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/d7f3db04-9f93-4463-91ce-ba59c1368983
Statement: New study: The flu vaccine is 'significantly associated' with an increased risk of coronavirus
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 16, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a media website
Fact-check justification: The article also leaves out parts of the study that question the data linking coronavirus cases to the influenza vaccine. For instance, the U.S. Armed Forces study referenced a study from 2013 that had similar results except there was "no association between influenza vaccination and RSV, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus or coronavirus. "  Edward Belongia, an infectious disease epidemiologist who worked on the 2013 study, explained to FactCheck.org that there is little scientific data to support the speculative theory of the flu vaccine increasing the risk of other respiratory viruses. While this article did specify that the U.S. Armed Forces study was testing common coronaviruses and not COVID-19, the headline was ambiguous and . We rate this headline .
Statement: People "can't go fishing anymore because of Obama.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: March 9, 2010
Location: national
Topics: environment;pundits;recreation;science
Context: his talk show
Fact-check justification: In fact, the draft framework says nothing about banning fishing.  Limbaugh has taken an early discussion about the use of waterways and twisted it to make it sound like Obama is outlawing a popular pastime. While the panel's recommendation could change fishing practices in some areas, the framework is still in draft form; the administration has not made any final decisions on what the framework will look like. But Limbaugh is grossly distorting the . !
Statement: Says the vaccine to prevent HPV can cause mental retardation.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: September 13, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: several media interviews
Fact-check justification: In several national television appearances, Bachmann said a woman reported her child had experienced mental retardation after receiving an HPV vaccination. We can't judge the specifics of that case -- neither the woman nor the daughter have been identified as far as we could find and skeptics have offered a reward if the victim can be found. But even if Bachmann's portrayal of what happened is accurate, it falls well short of the scientific standard for demonstrating causality between an inoculation and an adverse health event. Ongoing studies of tens of thousands of reported adverse events following tens of millions of inoculations have revealed only a small number of serious ailments, only one of which -- anaphylaxis -- had strong enough  to suggest a causal link from the vaccine itself. Since Bachmann made her , medical organizations and individual experts have come out strongly against her implication that the HPV vaccine can cause mental retardation. We rate her statement .
Statement: Video shows President Joe Biden apologizing for flatulence.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 8, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) In the original footage , which shows Biden delivering a July 7 speech on health care costs, he apologizes around the 4:40 mark after some microphone feedback and the audience laughs. No flatulence is audible.   We rate claims that this is an authentic video of Biden apologizing for flatulence !
Statement: Kim Reynolds doesn't think nurses are educated.
Speaker: deidre dejear
About the speaker: Deidre DeJear is the Democratic nominee for governor of Iowa in 2022. She previously ran as the Democratic nominee for secretary of state in 2018, losing to Republican incumbent Paul Pate. She was the first Black woman in Iowa to win a major political party nomination for statewide office. DeJear cofounded a nonprofit, Back 2 School Iowa, and has run Caleo Enterprises, a consulting firm, since 2008. She served as Iowa campaign chair for Kamala Harris’ presidential campaign in 2020.
Date: October 19, 2022
Location: iowa
Topics: education
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Our ruling   Deidre DeJear posted on social media during her gubernatorial campaign in Iowa a video that says Gov. Kim Reynolds doesn’t think nurses are educated.   Reynolds’ campaign said Reynolds did not mean that nurses are uneducated when listing in a gubernatorial debate workers, starting with those who do not need college degrees for their jobs, who shouldn’t have to pay someone’s college debt.   Using part of a comment to accuse Reynolds of thinking nurses are uneducated is an exaggeration. No  exists that proves she thinks this, plus state regulations require post K-12 training and certification for nurses. We rate this statement .
Statement: Last year, Korea sold nearly half a million cars in our country. ... The United States, you know how much we sell to them? Six thousand. What kind of deal is that?
Speaker: marcy kaptur
About the speaker: Marcy Kaptur represents Ohio's Ninth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. She was first elected to the House in 1982. She is the senior-most woman in the 111th Congress.
 
Date: September 14, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;trade
Context: the House of Representatives
Fact-check justification: She said 6,000, as compared to a tally of 7,450 for General Motors, Ford and Chrysler that the ITC provided. But that also only considers vehicles made by the Big 3 U.S. automakers. Nearly 5,600 more vehicles made by foreign-based automakers at plants in the United States also went to South Korea. That’s a point of additional information. On the -O-Meter, her  rates .
Statement: The Atlanta Beltline paid nearly $3.5 million for less than a quarter-acre.
Speaker: john sherman
About the speaker: John Sherman is the president of the Fulton County Taxpayers Foundation.
Date: September 12, 2011
Location: georgia
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: Davidson also argues the project has saved the city money. The city initially wanted to use the property as part of a tunnel to manage sewer overflow that Atlanta Watershed Management officials wrote in one document would have cost $40 million. The creation of a stormwater retention pond at the park cost less than $30 million, city officials say. The bottom line here is Sherman’s newsletter correctly stated how much the Beltline purchased the property for, but was  about the size of the property, creating a  impression for anyone who read it. We rate his  .
Statement: Says Barack Obama said that "ordinary men and women are too small-minded to govern their own affairs" and that individuals should "surrender their rights to an all-powerful sovereign.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: June 26, 2014
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: emails and social media posts circulating on the Internet
Fact-check justification: The chain email claims that Obama said that "ordinary men and women are too small-minded to govern their own affairs" and that individuals should "surrender their rights to an all-powerful sovereign." Those are two separate thoughts from an actual speech, spliced together through video editing in a way that twists Obama’s argument beyond recognition. We rate it .
Statement: Says Travis County's sheriff refuses to enforce 8 USC 1373.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: February 6, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;criminal justice;crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Abbott said Sheriff Hernandez refuses to enforce 8 USC 1373. Given the sheriff’s policy against automatically granting federal requests to detain immigrant-inmates or using personnel to enforce immigration laws, we can see how someone might speculate about the sheriff not enforcing, or complying with, the cited law about easing the flow of information about immigration or citizenship statuses. But Abbott didn't back up his , which also wasn’t explicitly borne out by ICE. Notably too, the sheriff's policy was expanded before Abbott leveled his  to specify that it shouldn't be read as slowing or stopping any information flow between office personnel and ICE regarding the legal status of individuals. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/1724d19e-e112-4a14-89fa-b23ddf7a0484
Statement: Over the past two years, Florida has cut more than $1 billion in taxes.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: April 13, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "Over the past two years, Florida has cut more than $1 billion in taxes." The figures are pretty accurate compared to state estimates for tax changes during 2015 and 2016. But there’s some question whether you can really consider all of the measures tax cuts. While some of the alterations are permanent, many of them are temporary exemptions or target very specific beneficiaries. Scott also has to ignore some of his earlier proposals and count a plan for education funding that is the opposite of what he wanted to top the $1 billion mark. The statement is accurate but needs some clarification. We rate it .
Statement: The Wisconsin state Assembly chambers extend to the bathroom and the parlor, and rules allow members to vote for each other if the member is in the chambers.
Speaker: joel kleefisch
About the speaker: Republican Joel Kleefisch is a member of the Wisconsin Assembly, representing part of Waukesha County. he was elected in 2004. He is married to Lt. Gov. Rebecca Kleefisch.
Date: February 22, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: ethics
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: He’s correct, but that’s only part of the story. As Kleefisch said, "It depends on how you interpret the rule." The rules are clear on what is the chamber, but don’t specifically allow the vote-for-your neighbor approach. However, that is the longstanding, informal tradition of the body. We rate Kleefisch’s  .
Statement: You look at the homelessness situation. Take a city like Tokyo, which has more people than New York City. There's no homelessness there.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: July 31, 2019
Location: national
Topics: homeless
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Carson said there is no homelessness in Tokyo. Carson would have been better saying virtually no homeless. But his overall point is correct. Tokyo’s government puts the homeless population at roughly 1,200. In a city of roughly 13.5 million, that’s around 0.0092 percent of the population.  We rate his  .
Statement: Gas prices have doubled because "Obama opposed exploring for energy in Alaska. He gave millions of tax dollars to Solyndra, which then went bankrupt. And he blocked the Keystone pipeline. So we will all pay more at the pump.
Speaker: american energy alliance
About the speaker: The American Energy Alliance is a partner of the industry group Institute for Energy Research.
Date: March 27, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: climate change;energy;gas prices;message machine 2012
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The American Energy Alliance connects today’s higher gas prices to a grab bag of Obama’s energy policies. We can’t see how the failing of Solyndra -- a solar panel company that focused on powering commercial buildings -- has any connection with today’s gas prices. On Alaska, if Obama had approved drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (which, to be clear, he opposes), actual production would still be at least six years away, and that’s a best-case scenario. The Keystone pipeline, meanwhile, is more directly related to gas prices, but even that project would have more impact on future gas prices, not today’s higher prices. We rate the statement .