chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: NAFTA allows a lot of trucks from Mexico, for example, to leave there and ... drive straight through without even being inspected.
Speaker: roger williams
About the speaker: Roger Williams won election to represent the newly created Congressional District 25 in 2012. He is a former Texas secretary of state, the state's chief elections officer. He was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2001 as chairman of the Republican National Finance Committee’s Eagles fundraising program and also has served as state finance chair for John Cornyn's 2002 Senate campaign, according to his campaign website.
Date: November 16, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;corrections and updates;homeland security;transportation
Context: an interview with McClatchy's Washington bureau
Fact-check justification: Williams said a lot of trucks from Mexico drive into the U.S. without being inspected. Our research showed that not all trucks are searched, a fact giving an element of  to this statement, for which Williams provided no specific backup. However, no vehicles cross the border without a visual screening and trucks also are subject to electronic scans and random hands-on safety and security inspections. Also, any truck headed to the nation’s interior is required to fulfill various requirements including a safety inspection within the previous 90 days. We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. CORRECTIONS, 4:52 p.m., Dec. 5, 2016 and 3:30 p.m. Dec. 8, 2016:  We've amended this fact check, thanks to a reader's nudge, because the original version misstated the kinds of deliveries that Mexico-domiciled commercial trucks are allowed to make in the U.S. interior. We earlier amended this story to correct the committee membership singled out by Vince Zito of Williams' office. These changes didn't affect our rating of the . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/60abd1d5-f386-4e9c-90cd-9c3e9dad5dd3
Statement: Tuberculosis recently passed "HIV/AIDS as the leading infectious killer globally.
Speaker: nick seymour
About the speaker: Nick Seymour is a Harvard undergraduat with an interest in public health.
Date: January 7, 2017
Topics: global news service;federal budget;public health
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Seymour said tuberculosis is now a bigger killer than HIV/AIDS. Numbers from the United Nations and the World Health Organization support that, but another equally credible source, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington, said the death tolls are about the same. The data’s not good enough for highly precise estimates. It’s also unclear that TB is killing more people than it did before. The higher estimate by the WHO reflects better reporting, mainly from India, but not more actual deaths. The one undisputed point is that death rates are falling faster for HIV/AIDS than for TB. Both sets of data back that up. In that respect, TB is the more threatening infectious disease because the world is having a harder time getting ahead of it. But that doesn't necessarily mean that the TB threat is itself rising. It looms larger than HIV/AIDS because that threat has fallen. On balance, we rate this statement .
Statement: Russia's interference in the 2016 election amounted to "a couple of Facebook ads.
Speaker: jared kushner
About the speaker: Jared Kushner is a senior White House adviser and President Donald Trump's son-in-law.
Date: April 23, 2019
Location: national
Topics: elections;crime
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Kushner said Russia’s interference in the 2016 election amounted to "a couple of Facebook ads." This  grossly mischaracterizes Russia’s active measures campaign, which comprised both social media efforts to help Trump’s candidacy and a hack-and-dump operation aimed at hampering Democrats’ electoral chances. On Facebook specifically, the tech company estimates Kremlin-controlled accounts reached as many as 126 million people around the election. We rate this .
Statement: The DNC omitted 'one nation under God' from the Pledge of Allegiance.
Speaker: peggy hubbard
About the speaker: Peggy Hubbard is an Illinois Republican who ran for U.S. Senate in 2020 and 2022.
Date: August 20, 2020
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks;illinois
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Her Facebook post contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . Correction, Aug. 24, 2020: A previous version of this article incorrectly stated that, on the first night of the DNC, participants sang the "Star-Spangled Banner" instead of saying the Pledge of Allegiance. In fact, the pledge was included on the first night.
Statement: Says Florida officials amended a contract from Lockheed Martin from 305 promised jobs to six.
Speaker: richard corcoran
About the speaker: Richard Corcoran is Florida's appointed education commissioner. He was elected to the state House in 2010 and served as House Speaker 2016-2018.
Date: March 17, 2017
Location: florida
Context: a Tiger Bay speech
Fact-check justification: Corcoran said the state reworked an incentive contract with Lockheed Martin after the company asked to lower its job creation from 305 jobs to six. Corcoran is onto something, but there's additional information readers need to know. State officials recommended Lockheed Martin receive incentive dollars as the company pursued a hefty missile defense contract from the federal government. If awarded, the state incentives contract said Lockheed Martin would create 305 new jobs in Pinellas County. Before the state contract was finalized, state officials agreed to amend the language about 305 jobs so that Lockheed Martin could receive $500,000 a year for seven years as long as it retained at least 560 jobs (six more jobs in addition to 554 already in place).  Corcoran left out that the jobs were contingent on a federal grant. With that caveat, we rate his statement .
Statement: Abraham Lincoln (once) jumped out of a window in the Illinois Legislature in order to deny a quorum.
Speaker: mark miller
About the speaker: Mark Miller, a Democrat, is the majority leader of the Wisconsin state Senate. Representing the Madison area, he has served in the Senate since 2005. He previously served in the state Assembly from 1999 through 2005. He became majority leader after a June 5, 2012 recall election shifted control to Democrats.
Date: May 18, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: history;labor;state budget
Context: remarks to reporters
Fact-check justification: But let history record that media accounts in 2011 properly recorded that Abe Lincoln and the Whigs did try to block a quorum in 1840 by staying away. And the future president did leave through a window. It was a botched attempt, and therefore is a poor comparison to the Wisconsin episode in February 2011. But Miller heard it right. Honest Abe, and a .
Statement: The Texas Department of Transportation... misplaced a billion dollars.
Speaker: debra medina
About the speaker: Debra Medina, a Wharton businesswoman, sought the 2010 GOP nomination for governor.
Date: January 14, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: transportation
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: No one has shown that any money was misplaced, as Medina claimed. The money never existed in the first place. But she didn't miss the point. The transportation behemoth did make a billion-dollar , a misstep that hobbled crucial road projects. We rate Medina's  .
Statement: Obamacare-caused paperwork will annually absorb 190 million hours or more--and Mount Rushmore could be built 1,547 times over "with the paperwork.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: July 30, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: federal budget;health care
Context: a Senate floor colloquy
Fact-check justification: Cruz said the Affordable Care Act would "add paperwork burdens totaling nearly 190 million hours or more every year." He went on to say that Mount Rushmore could be built 1,547 times over "with the paperwork." Based on the 190 million figure, that mount count is  off, premised on the notion that one person carved the monument around the clock for 14 years--or something equivalent. And about the 190 million hours: the landmark law indeed appears responsible for creating a large amount, at least 75 million hours, of confirmed additional paperwork. However, that total is less than half Cruz’s declared number. The tracker that Cruz relied upon has unexplained holes, miscalculates some burdens and folds in paperwork associated with non-health-care programs such as student loan changes. Significantly, too, we could not tell how the document’s largest single entry--46 million of the declared hours--was calculated. We rate this statement, based on a partially unsupported hour count plus unrealistic Mount Rushmore math, as . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Obama put a 10 percent tax on tanning.
Speaker: snooki
About the speaker: Nicole Polizzi, aka "Snooki," is a cast member on the MTV reality show "Jersey Shore."
Date: June 7, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a video promo for "Jersey Shore"
Fact-check justification: One other small point. The indoor tanning tax goes into effect on July 1, 2010. So when Snooki made her comment, she still could've gotten her tan on sans Uncle Sam's extra reach. But we're assuming Snooki isn't so much worried about the money as the principle. We rate her comment friggin' .
Statement: The only time government employment has gone down during a recession has been under me.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 8, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;history;jobs
Context: Albany, N.Y
Fact-check justification: Obama is  when he suggests that "the only time government employment has gone down during a recession has been under me." It's not  if you just look at the recessionary period itself, and it's not  if you look at a combination of the recession and the recovery -- in both cases, it happened during the 1980-1982 recession. And while government employment did eventually go up following the Reagan-era recession, the rise began more than a year after private-sector employment picked up, which negates Obama's argument that his predecessors were able to compensate for weak private-sector job creation with accelerated government hiring. We rate Obama’s  .
Statement: When (Ron DeSantis) was asked what cancer patients should do without health insurance, DeSantis said 'show up to the emergency room.'
Speaker: andrew gillum
About the speaker: Andrew Gillum won the Florida primary for governor in August 2018 and lost the November election to Ron DeSantis. He is a former mayor of Tallahassee and member of the Tallahassee city commission.
Date: September 26, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: A Gillum ad said, "When he was asked what cancer patients should do without health insurance, DeSantis said 'show up to the emergency room.'" What he said is not that cut and dried. DeSantis did bring up the requirement that everyone be treated in the emergency room when a CNN host asked what he would say to a cancer patient who benefited from Medicaid expansion. In context, however, he appeared to be talking more broadly about "how there really is no lack of health care." He side-stepped the direct question, for sure. But he did not straight-up say that cancer patients should seek care at the ER. At a town hall a few days later, DeSantis said "he had conflated two ideas" and that going to the emergency room "was not the way to handle that situation." We rate this statement .
Statement: Says CEOs got advance notice of COVID, then resigned to dump stock.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 29, 2020
Topics: corporations;ethics;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that CEOs of 14 large companies received advance information about the coronavirus and then resigned in order to be freed from restrictions on selling stock. Among the companies listed, only two of the CEOs resigned after the coronavirus outbreak and left their companies. One sold a large amount of his company stock after his resignation was announced — but while he was still with the company, and well after the outbreak had made news. We found no  of any effort to give advance information to the 14 CEOs so that they use it to profit personally. We rate the  .
Statement: A Phoenix TV station aired the election results more than a week early.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 27, 2022
Location: arizona
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Just a day earlier, the station had reported on poll results that showed Lake leading the governor’s race. It aired a graphic that showed Lake with 54% of the vote, according to the poll. Hobbs, meanwhile, had 43%.   The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate claims that a Phoenix TV station prematurely called the election for Hobbs .
Statement: Ronald Reagan "banned ownership of fully automatic rifles. He supported the assault weapons ban.
Speaker: alfonso lopez
About the speaker: Alfonso Lopez, a Democrat, as served in the House of delegates since 2012, representing portions of Arlington and Fairfax Counties.
He received a B.A. degree from Vassar College in 1992 and a J.D. from the Tulane University School of Law in 1995.
Lopez served as Gov. Tim Kaine's director of the Virginia Liaison Office in Washington, where he directed  congressional and federal relations for Virginia. He also served as Kaine's representative to the National Governors Association, the Democratic Governors Association and the Southern Governors Association. 
 
Date: January 19, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: history;guns
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification: Lopez said, "As president, (Reagan) banned ownership of fully automatic rifles. He supported the assault weapons ban." Lopez errs in saying Reagan banned ownership of machine guns. Reagan, in 1986, signed a law that barred the private sale and ownership of machine guns that were not already registered on the day he signed the bill. The measure stopped new machine guns from entering the private marketplace, it did not ban the old ones. Lopez is correct on the second part of his . In 1994, after his presidency, Reagan signed a letter urging the House to pass an assault weapons ban. On the whole, we rate Lopez’s statement as .
Statement: Says "tenure still exists but it's been overhauled" for teachers in New Jersey.
Speaker: stephen sweeney
About the speaker: State Senate President Stephen Sweeney is a Democrat representing Salem County and parts of Gloucester and Cumberland counties.
Date: July 2, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: education
Context: an interview on WNYC’s The Brian Lehrer Show
Fact-check justification: Sweeney said "tenure still exists but it's been overhauled" in New Jersey. A bill approved by the Legislature makes it more difficult to earn tenure and requires inefficiency charges to be filed against teachers receiving negative evaluations for two consecutive years. But the bill does not eliminate a tenured teacher’s right to appeal those charges. The law also maintains seniority protections during layoffs. For those reasons, we rate Sweeney’s statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Claims Ohio Gov. John Kasich says climate change is a problem.
Speaker: florida wildlife federation
About the speaker: The Florida Wildlife Federation is a private, non-profit organization that focuses on preserving, managing, and improving Florida's wildlife environment. It is affiliated with the National Wildlife Federation. 
Date: August 28, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: environment;climate change
Context: a billboard message
Fact-check justification: As long as Kasich’s comments aren’t used as a scare tactic to get others to believe in climate change then the governor is OK with how he is being portrayed, Nichols said. And that’s how the billboards convey the message. No scare tactics. Just Kasich saying he agrees climate change is a problem.    On the -O-Meter, the Florida Wildlife Federation’s  rates .
Statement: Says he "fought Obama twice and won to stop illegal immigrants from voting.
Speaker: brian kemp
About the speaker: Brian Kemp, a Republican, was elected governor of Georgia in 2018. Previously, he served as secretary of state.
Date: March 5, 2018
Location: georgia
Topics: immigration;elections
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Kemp said he "fought Obama twice and won to stop illegal immigrants from voting." The facts don't suppport Kemp's assertion. The Obama administration allowed Georgia’s changes to stop noncitizens from voting to happen. As secretary of state, Kemp was required to seek approval for the changes from the Justice Department or a federal court. He got it from the Justice Department, so the lawsuits were dismissed. Experts described the process as routine under the law. The ad is flat- to suggest that the Obama administration wanted immigrants in the country illegally to cast votes in elections.  We rate this  .
Statement: The transportation sales tax would cost the average consumer an estimated $112 a year.
Speaker: john watson
About the speaker: John Watson is a senior adviser to Citizens for Transportation Mobility, an organization supporting Georgia's transportation sales tax referendum.
Date: July 11, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: transportation
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: "Now obviously, not every resident in the region is a commuter, but we all already pay a congestion tax in wasted time and fuel, so this is not a tax vs. no tax argument," said Brantley, a former communications director for Perdue. PolitiFact Georgia calculated how much each resident would pay a year in additional sales tax, excluding people under age 18. Our estimate: $132.37 a year. The total comes close to ARC’s estimate. With this bit of context that ARC’s estimate includes all residents in the 10-county area, we rate Watson’s statement .
Statement: We have billions in surplus.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: February 8, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: state budget
Context: a TV advertisement
Fact-check justification: In the 2011 session, Lawmakers will legally be permitted to dip into the fund for any reason by two-thirds' votes of the House and Senate. If they're faced with revenue running short of what's needed to fund the current (2010-11) budget, they can take money from the fund by getting three-fifths' votes of each body. The same reduced threshold applies to tapping the fund if state revenue for the 2012-13 fiscal years is projected to run short of revenue that comes in during 2010-11. Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: We just fought a Republican budget that ends Medicare as we know it.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: April 22, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: medicare
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: More significantly, he exaggerated the impact of a Republican Medicare proposal to imply that everyone would be affected, while the GOP resolution specifically exempts existing beneficiaries and future beneficiaries who are currently 55 and over. If he had added those qualifiers, his statement would have been closer to accurate. But he didn’t. We rate his statement  . (To comment or offer your own ruling, visit us on Facebook .)
Statement: You can almost pinpoint half of the gun violence deaths to two or three specific sections in the city. They are just areas of devastation, economically and otherwise.
Speaker: richard durbin
About the speaker: Dick Durbin in the senior U.S. senator from Illinois and the Democratic majority whip.
Date: February 15, 2017
Location: illinois
Topics: guns
Context: an interview with Willie Geist
Fact-check justification: In a recent interview with MSNBC, Durbin spoke about gun violence in Chicago. Durbin said of Chicago, "You can almost pinpoint half of the gun violence deaths to two or three specific sections in the city. They are just areas of devastation economically and otherwise." Durbin’s office cited a news article that used statistics from the Chicago Police Department. A press release from CPD News Affairs Office confirms this. It read: "Three districts (7, 11, 15) are responsible for approximately 50% of murders in January 2017." We confirmed these statistics by looking at data available on crime maps posted on the CPD Harrison, Englewood and Austin district websites. Durbin’s assessment of Chicago’s homicides is accurate. He did say you can "almost" attribute half of deaths to a few communities and 43 percent are in certain west and south side neighborhoods. A crime expert told us these trends have been consistent over the last five decades. Finally, we found data that shows there is a correlation between areas with high violence and economic hardship. For these reasons, we rate Durbin’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/5484015b-2ce9-4e5a-baf3-bd3e12527b40
Statement: Don't buy the new Pepsi can coming out with pics of the Empire State building and the Pledge of Allegiance on them. Pepsi left out 2 little words in the pledge 'Under God.'
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 23, 2020
Topics: patriotism;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Those three words were in concert with the patriotic mood of the nation. "  The limited edition patriotic can was retired in February 2002 and would not be used again, the statement said. The design that sparked outrage was from a Dr Pepper can, not a Pepsi can as the post claims. There is also no  Pepsi intends to release a can design featuring a portion of the Pledge of Allegiance or the Empire State Building. We rate this  .