chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says people can follow a 1960 recipe for homemade baby formula as a workaround during the current shortage.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 11, 2022
Topics: children;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) A Facebook post says people can follow a 1960 recipe for homemade baby formula as a workaround during the current shortage. But the FDA advises against it, and says consuming homemade formula can result in adverse health effects for infants. And the American Academy of Pediatrics also strongly advises against homemade formulas, saying they are not safe and do not meet babies’ nutritional needs. We rate this  .
Statement: About "1 percent of all the gun sellers are responsible for more than half of the guns that are used in crimes.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: March 29, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;government regulation;guns
Context: a forum
Fact-check justification: ( Tracing helped establish that a suburban Milwaukee gun store was a top seller of crime guns locally for more than a decade.) Our rating Clinton said about "1 percent of all the gun sellers are responsible for more than half of the guns that are used in crimes." The best data essentially backs up the , but it is from 1998. It’s also worth noting that the traces go back to the original seller of a crime gun and don’t take into account whether there were other transactions before a particular gun was used in a crime. Clinton’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important information -- our definition of .
Statement: There are about 120,000 solar energy jobs in the United States, but only 1,700 of them are in Georgia.
Speaker: tim echols
About the speaker: Tim Echols, a Republican, was elected to the five-member Public Service Commission in 2010. He supports a Heritage Foundation plan that would privatize the reprocessing and disposal of commercial nuclear "material."
Date: May 13, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: energy
Context: a twitter post
Fact-check justification: Our conclusion: Echols wrote that there are about 120,000 solar energy jobs in the United States and 1,700 of them are in Georgia. The website he cited to come up with the Georgia number actually said the total was 800 jobs. Echols wrote a correction on Twitter after we noticed the discrepancy. Such estimates are hard. Since he apparently got the first part correct, but erred about Georgia, we rate his  .
Statement: The company I created, Point Judith Capital, "is the only venture capital firm in Rhode Island.
Speaker: gina raimondo
About the speaker: Gina Raimondo served a four-year term as Rhode Island's general treasurer beginning in Jan. 4, 2011 before being elected governor in 2014. She cofounded and served as a general partner of Point Judith Capital. She is a graduate of Yale Law School and a Rhodes Scholar. She is married with two children.
Date: July 1, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a video on her web page
Fact-check justification: Providence Equity , for example, specializes in enterprises that deal with media, communications and information. So both Dorsey and Horan agree with Raimondo, who told The Providence Journal on Jan. 20 that she would quit Point Judith Capital if she is elected. Point Judith is "the one capital venture fund based here in Rhode Island," Horan said, adding that, "We need more. The Rhode Island entrepreneurial community would benefit greatly if other firms like Point Judith were established and operating here." So we rate Raimondo's  as .
Statement: Every study has shown" that when work requirements are tied to federal safety-net programs, "it puts more people to work.
Speaker: kevin mccarthy
About the speaker: Kevin McCarthy, who was first elected in 2006, is a Republican member of Congress representing a district in California. McCarthy was elected as House Speaker in January 2023.
Date: May 28, 2023
Topics: federal budget;food;welfare;workers
Context: an interview on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: McCarthy said, "Every study has shown" that when work requirements are tied to federal safety-net programs, "it puts more people to work." Some studies, especially those that tracked 1990s-era welfare-to-work programs, did show employment gains, although they were often modest and temporary. However, a majority of more recent research on work requirements for food stamps and Medicaid shows little or no gain in employment. The statement contains an element of  but leaves out other  that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: I remember one of [Curt Schilling's] teammates said he painted his sock, the bloody sock.
Speaker: lincoln chafee
About the speaker: Lincoln Chafee is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He served one four-year term as Rhode Island's governor, beginning on Jan. 4, 2011. He was the first Independent to be elected to that office. He subsequently became a Democrat. As a Republican, he served as mayor of Warwick from 1992 to 1999, when he was appointed to the U.S. Senate following the death of his father, Sen. John H. Chafee. He was elected to a full Senate term in 2000. He is married with three children. In April 2015 he formed an exploratory committee to consider running for President.
Date: July 27, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: baseball;economy;pop culture
Context: a comment on the John DePetro Show
Fact-check justification: We emailed Schilling Tuesday to get his reaction to the accusation, but we never heard back. For now, all indications are that the blood was real and that Chafee is , a fact that he admits and apologizes for. In a follow-up phone call Tuesday night, a Chafee campaign spokesman said it best: "Some candidates shoot themselves in the foot. We shot ourselves in the sock." The -O-Meter gives Chafee a , and scores him a big error in the public relations department.
Statement: Hillary (Clinton) caught on tape laughing about (Hurricane) Irma 'wiping out all of those Florida hillbillies'.
Speaker: asamericanasapplepie.org
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: October 16, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: AsAmericanAsApplePie.org appears to be part of a series of  websites associated with Christopher Blair, a self-described liberal troll who publishes fabricated stories in an attempt to trick conservative readers. We’ve fact-checked plenty of stories that originated from websites run by or affiliated with Blair, including TheLastLineOfDefense.org , FreedomCrossroad.us , OurLandOfTheFree.com and FreedomJunkshun.com . AsAmericanAsApplePie.org uses a website template similar to these other sites, and carries a disclaimer that reads , "As American as Apple Pie is here to be your beacon of something you can kinda rely on sometimes but not really." Clinton did not deride Florida on tape or suggest its residents should be blown away by a hurricane. We rate this statement !
Statement: I am "the only candidate for lieutenant governor to oppose in-state tuition for illegal immigrants.
Speaker: dan patrick
About the speaker: As a Houston state senator, Dan Patrick won election as lieutenant governor of Texas in November 2014 after earlier defeating incumbent David Dewhurst for his party's nomination. Patrick also has hosted a daily talk show on AM700 in Houston.
Date: October 7, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;education
Context: a video advertisement, "Fight"
Fact-check justification: Patrick said he’s "the only candidate for lieutenant governor to oppose in-state tuition for illegal immigrants." He is the one candidate who has filed specific proposals to repeal the law. But each of the Republican candidates was public about opposing the law before Patrick debuted his ad while it leaves the impression that other candidates favor the law or have taken no position on it. That’s just not so. We rate Patrick’s statement as .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: There's an Amazon distribution center that was advertising, last time I was there, up to $12.75 an hour. Your parents made that three decades ago.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: January 16, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;income
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: In his endorsement video for Sanders, Pocan said that people in 1990 were making the same amount per hour as he saw advertised for the Amazon distribution center in Kenosha today. A quick comparison shows that wages today are slightly higher than what they were then, once inflation is factored in.   But the cost of everyday goods like rent, groceries and cars have outpaced that median wage growth, meaning a worker’s 1990 weekly paycheck, at a $10.43-an-hour rate, would have held more spending power than the $23.33-an-hour rate does today. We rate Pocan’s  .   window.gciAnalyticsUAID = 'PMJS-TEALIUM-COBRAND';
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Statement: Says Quaden Bayles committed suicide.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 4, 2020
Topics: children;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: In February, we debunked claims that Kobe Bryant’s widow killed herself after his death. Like this post about Bayles, that one also featured the BBC News logo and an "R.I.P" video that cut off with a warning that told viewers to share it to continue watching.   BBC didn’t report on Bryant’s supposed suicide, and it didn’t report on Bayles allegedly killing himself. We found no other media coverage of such an event, either.   We rate this blog post .
Statement: Blames Mike McIntyre and Nancy Pelosi for the second straight year of no cost-of-living increases for Social Security beneficiaries.
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: October 23, 2010
Location: national
Topics: message machine 2010;social security
Context: a campaign commerical
Fact-check justification: In an interview, an NRCC spokesman argued that the proposed COLA "fixes" may not win passage because of recklessly large spending by Congressional Democrats. The NRCC has a point, but Pelosi's office says that a vote is planned for November , and in any case, it strikes us as a bit of a convoluted explanation for the ad's . The simpler explanation -- and the one that we think most viewers would take away from the ad -- is that McIntyre and Pelosi had something directly to do with eliminating a cost-of-living increase for two consecutive years in the first place. Even though the ad carefully avoids an explicit accusation that McIntyre and Pelosi voted to eliminate the COLA , we think the ad implies otherwise. So we rate this part of the ad .
Statement: George Allen "voted to end Pell Grants for 84,000 students.
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: September 12, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: education
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Kaine said Allen voted to end Pell Grants for 84,000 students. The need-based federal grant typically goes to undergraduate students from low-income families.   There’s no doubt that Allen in 2003 cast a specific vote to alter the financial aid formula for awarding Pell Grants and that the non-partisan GAO said the change would drop 92,000 students from eligibility. He was on the losing side of that vote. Allen argues that even if the more restrictive formula had been enacted back then, the overall education budget -- which he supported -- would have still increased total funding for Pell Grants and the number of recipients would have risen the next school year. He’s right on that point. So Kaine’s statement is accurate but lacks some information: Allen’s vote would not have cut the overall Pell Grant program; it would have slowed its rate of growth. For that we reason, we rate Kaine’s statement .
Statement: Electric vehicles would not have fared well in the Virginia snowstorm traffic jam.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 4, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: environment;transportation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post implied that a massive traffic pileup during a Virginia snowstorm would have been far worse with more electric vehicles on the road. Cold weather can diminish the range of an electric vehicle that’s moving. But there is no  to suggest electric vehicles idling in standstill traffic would have fared any worse than gas-powered vehicles, which need a running engine to provide heat and can run out of gas while idling.  Electric vehicles don’t use much energy while idling, and drivers can use even less by using the seat warmers instead of the heating system. We rate this  . Monique Curet contributed to this fact-check.
Statement: Says at his confirmation hearing Brett Kavanaugh said birth control methods could be considered "abortion-inducing drugs.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: September 7, 2018
Location: national
Topics: abortion;supreme court
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Harris tweeted a clip in which Kavanaugh said, "Filling out the form would make them complicit in the provision of the abortion-inducing drugs that they were -- as a religious matter, objected to." In Harris’ tweet, Kavanaugh appears to define contraception as abortion-inducing. But the video failed to include a crucial qualifier: "They said." In fact, he was citing the definition of the religious group Priests for Life. He has not expressed his personal view. We rate this statement .
Statement: Oregon's per capita income is 9 percent below the national average and getting worse. This is a state that's actually getting poorer.
Speaker: matt wingard
About the speaker: Matt Wingard represents Oregon House District 26. He was first elected in 2008. He runs a public relations consulting firm in Wilsonville. 
Date: January 2, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: economy;income;jobs;poverty;workers
Context: a news story online
Fact-check justification: We are poorer than we were in the 1970s or even in 2000, relative to other states. But the fact remains that incomes have increased over time in Oregon, even adjusted for inflation. The lag itself does not mean that we are growing poorer. We rate the statement  -- he’s correct on the figure, but not correct on whether it means we are growing poorer. Return to OregonLive to comment .
Statement: For the amount of money Hillary Clinton would like to spend on refugees, we could rebuild every inner city in America.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 22, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration;urban
Context: New York attacking Hillary Clinton
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Clinton wants to spend hundreds of billions on refugees and for that money, "we could rebuild every inner city in America." Trump’s campaign provided no supporting numbers. Clinton has not said how much she would spend on refugees, but the Obama administration request for FY 2017 is about $2.2 billion. That figure could increase for Clinton, as she has said she wants to take in more Syrian refugees. If it doubles or even triples, it is nowhere near "hundreds of billions." It is also a scant fraction of the price tag to rebuild America’s inner cities. There is no comprehensive tally of what it would take to deal with substandard housing and infrastructure, but we quickly found a backlog of about $225 billion in projects. Trump’s numbers are off by a huge margin. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/939f9175-5c91-4f06-aeae-8acc8af38c08
Statement: Ohio's electricity rates are 10 percent below the national average.
Speaker: ted strickland
About the speaker: Ted Strickland was governor of Ohio from 2007 through 2010. He lost his bid for re-election in 2010 to Republican John Kasich.
Date: July 6, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;elections;energy
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: The premise of Strickland’s statement is that Ohio is still trending below the national average when it comes to electricity rates, and thus is better off than many other states in terms of utility costs. The context of his point was accurate. But while the full 2010 figures are not yet available, there were more up to date figures the governor could have relied on during his speech that, while not as flattering as 2009, could have still effectively made his point — just more accurately. We rate this statement as . Comment on this item .
Statement: Natalyn Archibong skipped (Atlanta) City Council meetings or was late 90% of the time. Then she voted herself a pay raise.
Speaker: matt rinker
About the speaker: Matt Rinker is a candidate for the Atlanta City Council, hoping to represent the 5th District.
Date: October 29, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: This makes Rinker’s flier confusing, if not . As for her attendance record, Rinker’s number comes close to our count concerning how often Archibong is either absent or was not present when the council convened. Council records show Archibong is usually present when the council makes its first vote of the day. Rinker’s  contains some elements of , but there is a lot of context that needs to be considered before fully understanding what he put in the flier. On our rating scale, this one gets a .
Statement: If Obama's economic plan creates 600,000 new government jobs, "that's about the size of the post office work force.
Speaker: mitch mcconnell
About the speaker: Mitch McConnell is a U.S. Senator from Kentucky and the Republican minority leader in the U.S. Senate.
Date: January 4, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;stimulus
Context: a news interview
Fact-check justification: UPDATE: Obama offered new job numbers for his stimulus plan during his weekly radio address on Jan. 9, 2009. His economic advisers believe the stimulus plan will create between 3 million and 4 million jobs, with at least 90 percent in the private sector, Obama said. The advisers' report estimates that 3.675 million jobs will be created, and that 244,000 of those will be government jobs — a much lower number than the size of the U.S. Postal Service. But McConnell was correct at the time he made his statements, so our ruling stands.
Statement: NC Republicans "raided $58 million that was supposed to help create jobs for North Carolinians.
Speaker:  north carolina democratic party
About the speaker: NCDP
Date: March 27, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: environment;energy
Context: an ad campaign
Fact-check justification: An NC Democratic Party ad campaign claims Republicans in the legislature "raided $58 million that was supposed to help create jobs for North Carolinians." It's unclear how many jobs the mitigation fund would create. The party also withheld the fact that Democrats voted for the bill too, and that the mitigation fund was diverted to schools. But the party’s broader point is accurate. Republicans led the push to empty the mitigation fund and Democrats reluctantly went along with the effort because it was tied to education changes they supported. So we rate this  .
Statement: Says Bill Murray said, "So if we lie to the government, it's a felony. But if they lie to us it's politics.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 26, 2020
Topics: corrections and updates;pop culture
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In 2013, however, a parody Bill Murray Twitter account tweeted the quote that appears in the Facebook post, right down to the misspelling of "it’s." "I AM NOT BILL MURRAY," reads the account’s bio. "This is a parody account. This account is not in any way affiliated with the actor Bill Murray. "  We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. John Barrow, D-Ga., celebrates gun ownership even in the face of school shootings.
Speaker: coalition to stop gun violence
About the speaker: Coalition to Stop Gun Violence
Date: January 17, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: guns
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: By leaving those parts out, the coalition changes Barrow’s central message supporting gun ownership for protection and self-defense. The group attempted to target Barrow with a highly emotional ad. But it comes across as the Gang That Couldn’t Shoot Straight. The coalition gets our lowest rating on this one. .