chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Our governor proposed initially a 5% cut across the board of state government.
Speaker: david zuckerman
About the speaker: David Zuckerman is the lieutenant governor of Vermont and the 2020 Democratic nominee for governor.
Date: September 29, 2020
Location: vermont
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Lt. Gov. David Zuckerman said: "Our governor proposed initially a 5% cut across the board of state government." It’s  that the Scott administration was considering as much as a 5% cut before the revenue picture became rosier in July. But the budget cut Scott actually proposed was 3% for the full fiscal year.  We rate Zuckerman’s  .
Statement: The average unemployed American has been out of work for almost 40 weeks.
Speaker: paul krugman
About the speaker: Paul Krugman is a columnist for the New York Times and professor of Economics and International Affairs at Princeton University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2008. He describes himself as liberal.
Date: June 9, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;pundits
Context: a New York Times column
Fact-check justification: So today’s divergence between the two statistics is nothing unusual by historical standards. So, Krugman could have used a similar statistic that’s shows a much shorter duration for unemployment. But he was careful in his wording, referring to the "average unemployed American" rather than, say, the "typical unemployed American." And the two statistics tend to move in tandem, so we don’t think that either one is inherently better for describing the situation. We think he’s on safe ground using the 39.7 weeks figure, so we rate his statement .
Statement: 100 Sailors at sea. All vaxxed. All with COVID (seven) weeks following deployment.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 12, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post reshared a tweet claiming 100 sailors aboard a British naval ship contracted COVID-19 despite being fully vaccinated against the virus.  That did happen, and such breakthrough infections are expected. The 100 sailors were among a crew of 1,600 on an aircraft carrier. None of the infected sailors developed any serious symptoms or were hospitalized; the cases were discovered during routine testing.  We rate this  .
Statement: Donald Trump called up Putin today and made a new deal that will save America.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 23, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Two days before this Next News Network clip was posted in 2016, Putin made his first phone call to then-President-elect Trump. Reports said Putin congratulated Trump, and the two men discussed issues including the threats and challenges facing the U.S. and Russia, national economies and their countries’ historical ties .   The Kremlin said the men discussed developing the relationship between the two countries "on the principles of equality, mutual respect and respective non-involvement in the other party's domestic affairs." There have been no reports of a call between Trump and Putin in 2023. We rate the  that Trump called Putin and "made a new deal" in June 2023 .
Statement: The President's Daily Brief "is like a mini novel.
Speaker: brian kilmeade
About the speaker: Brian Kilmeade serves as co-host of FOX News Channel’s live morning news program, “Fox & Friends,"  the No. 1 cable morning program. Immediately after “Fox & Friends”, Kilmeade hosts “Kilmeade and Friends,” a nationally syndicated three hour radio show on FOX News Radio. Additionally, he is the network’s sports reporter covering breaking national sports stories and major sporting events.
Date: July 2, 2020
Topics: homeland security;foreign policy;military;pundits;punditfact
Context: an episode of "Fox & Friends"
Fact-check justification: Kilmeade said the President’s Daily Brief "is like a mini novel." The PDB is the primary written intelligence product prepared for the president each working day. Little is known about the contents of Trump’s PDB, which reports say he doesn’t always read.  The top-secret document is written for quick consumption, experts said. It is not as long as a typical novel or novella. We rate this statement .
Statement: Victory! Republicans by 2 to 1 vote to endorse Mark Neumann on first ballot at GOP convention.
Speaker: mark neumann
About the speaker: Mark Neumann is a developer and home builder from Nashotah. He was a Republican candidate for U.S. Senate from Wisconsin in 2012. He ran for governor in 2010 and formerly represented southern Wisconsin in Congress.
Date: May 14, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: a website alert
Fact-check justification: But that’s like declaring victory at the first turn and not the finish line. Neumann was runner-up on the final vote. And it’s highly  to say he was "endorsed" by delegates when no such endorsement was made. We rate Neumann’s "victory" and "endorsement"  . (You can comment on this item on the Journal Sentinel's website .)
Statement: Says only seven percent of 2009's stimulus bill went toward transportation projects, yet they created over one-third of the bill's total jobs.
Speaker: peter defazio
About the speaker: Peter DeFazio is Oregon's U.S. representative in the 4th Congressional District. He was elected to Congress in 1986. He lives in Springfield.
Date: February 22, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: stimulus;transportation
Context: an online blog
Fact-check justification: "My point is pretty clear in the op-ed. Transportation investments have a proven high rate of return when it comes to job creation. The stimulus highlighted the difference between transportation infrastructure investments and consumptive tax cuts." We will grant the statement contains a smidgen of  -- he has a report that projects 1.8 million jobs created or sustained, using a multiplier -- but it ignores critical facts that show otherwise. We rate the statement .
Statement: When Donald Trump spoke in Phoenix, he looked the audience in the eye and he said 'no, we're building a wall and we're deporting everybody.' He said, quote, 'they will all be gone. They will all be gone.' This is one of the ones where you can go to the tape on it and see what Donald Trump has said.
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: October 4, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: Virginia
Fact-check justification: Kaine said, "When Donald Trump spoke in Phoenix, he looked the audience in the eye and he said ‘no, we're building a wall and we're deporting everybody.’ He said, quote, ‘They will all be gone. They will all be gone.’ This is one of the ones where you can go to the tape on it and see what Donald Trump has said." Trump has not always been consistent about his deportation plans. But in Phoenix, he did not literally say of the entire undocumented immigrant population, "they will all be gone." He used that kind of language to describe his plans for immigrants who had committed crimes, saying they would be the first to go. However, Trump did say in the same speech that people here illegally today and who want to be legalized "have one route and one route only, to return home and apply for reentry like everybody else." Trump’s language in the Phoenix speech for the non-criminal pool of undocumented immigrants was more tamped-down than Kaine presented. We rate Kaine’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/795768d7-688c-4bda-a0cd-56adfa602533
Statement: Gov. Abbott "signed a bill last year eliminating the requirements for Texas schools to teach MLK's 'I have a dream' speech.
Speaker: sawyer hackett
About the speaker: Sawyer Hackett is a democratic strategist and communications consultant, as well as senior advisor to Julian Castro and the organization Bold Progressive, according to the Twitter profile under @SawyerHackett.
Date: January 16, 2023
Location: texas
Topics: education;history;race and ethnicity
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Hackett said Abbott "signed a bill last year eliminating the requirements for Texas schools to teach King’s "I Have a Dream" speech. On Sept. 17, 2021, Abbott signed SB 3, which replaced an earlier law that specifically called for schools to teach King’s famous address. But Hackett’s assertion lacks significant context: SB 3 replaced a short-lived law. And it did not strip from schools the requirement to teach King’s speech. The address is part of the state’s curriculum standards set by the State Board of Education and it remains so today. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Says this photo shows Joe Biden kissing and biting a child on the cheek.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 2, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Social media users shared a photo that they  shows Joe Biden kissing and biting a young girl’s cheek. The photo is authentic, but it shows Mexico’s president, not Biden. We rate this .
Statement: There's no rationing in any of these bills.
Speaker: howard dean
About the speaker: Howard Dean is the former chairman of the Democratic National Committee. He was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004, and was the longtime governor of Vermont before that.
Date: August 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;this week - abc news
Context: an appearance on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: The Democrats' health care plan calls for a health care exchange that will be a vigorous marketplace of companies offering different plans that will compete for customers by offering more or less coverage. But each of those choices about coverage — a lower or higher cap on out-of-pocket expenses, perhaps, or more or less generous coverage for doctor visits — are rationing. And the same goes for three-fourths of Americans who would probably keep their current employer-sponsored health insurance. Those plans too have limits and caps — and rationing. We rule Dean's statement .
Statement: Starbucks just announced that they're going cashless.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 30, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: In 2018, in the United States, a Starbucks in Seattle tested a cashless store to see how digital and credit card payments affected customer behavior and experience, CNBC reported . In May 2020, not long after the coronavirus pandemic began, Starbucks’ then-CEO Kevin Johnson said in a letter to "Starbucks partners and customers" that the company would "shift toward more cashless experiences, knowing that the handling of cash creates consumer concerns about the spread of viruses. "   But a blog post on the company’s website clarified several months later that "cash is always an option, too. "  We rate claims that Starbucks is going cashless .
Statement: Says he is "cutting illegal immigration in half.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 30, 2019
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a re-election campaign ad
Fact-check justification: It isn’t apparent in the commercial that the  is based on data for three months during fiscal year 2019, which show a drop of more than 60%. But that snapshot creates the  impression. Apprehensions on the southwest border have been higher during Trump’s presidency on average than compared with when he took office. The data overall shows that apprehensions in 2019 spiked significantly when compared to both 2018 and 2017. We rate the ad’s  .
Statement: Ron DeSantis voted to cut $473 billion from Medicare.
Speaker: desantis watch
About the speaker: DeSantis Watch is an accountability project of left-leaning research organizations Progress Florida and Florida Watch.
Date: February 8, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: congress;medicare
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The difference amounts to almost $473 billion.    However, the post overlooks some nuance. The resolution DeSantis voted for is a recommendation; the resolution was not a law, nor did it cut older Americans’ benefits. Medicare spending would've also grown under the proposal, albeit at a smaller pace.   We rate this  .
Statement: 74 percent of Republicans support the Affordable Care Act.
Speaker: donna edwards
About the speaker: Donna Edwards is a Democrat who represents a district in Maryland in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Date: July 13, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care;polls and public opinion
Context: a roundtable discussion on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Edwards said that "74 percent of Republicans support the Affordable Care Act." She actually has a reasonable point to make -- that, contrary to the popular impression of the law, most Republicans who have signed up for insurance through the law say they are satisfied with it. Still, that’s not how Edwards phrased the  on CNN. On the broader question of whether Republicans "support the Affordable Care Act," the results in recent polls have ranged from 8 percent and 15 percent -- far lower than the 74 percent a viewer would be led to believe from watching Edwards during the roundtable segment. We rate her  .
Statement: Joe Biden and Raphael Warnock "are spending $1.5 billion on 'urban forestry' and raising taxes on those making under $200k to pay for it.
Speaker: herschel walker
About the speaker: Herschel Walker is a GOP candidate for the 2022 Senate race in Georgia. He is a former NFL player.
Date: August 22, 2022
Location: georgia
Topics: environment;climate change;federal budget;natural disasters ;public health;taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Walker said, Biden and Warnock "are spending $1.5 billion on ‘urban forestry’ and raising taxes on those making under $200k to pay for it." Walker is correct about the amount being spent on efforts to bolster urban tree cover, but he exaggerated when he said the bill will "raise taxes" on middle- and lower-income Americans.  Analyses that reached that conclusion looked only at the tax provisions in the bill. The spending provisions could offset those increases, or surpass them, by saving Americans money on green improvements, Affordable Care Act premiums and prescription drug costs. We rate his statement .
Statement: Immigrants "can show up at any embassy or consulate abroad" to make their asylum claims.
Speaker: raul labrador
About the speaker: Raul Labrador, a Republican, was elected in 2010 to represent a district in Idaho in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Date: June 27, 2018
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: the Idaho Statesman
Fact-check justification: Labrador said immigrants "can show up at any embassy or consulate abroad" to make their asylum claims. This assurance is completely . Asylum seekers must be within the United States to apply for the protection, according to U.S. law. Immigration law experts affirmed that individuals cannot apply for asylum at a U.S. embassy or consulate abroad. Labrador’s  is . We rate it .
Statement: This is longest that the nation has gone without a secretary of the Treasury, at least in modern times. If it's not the longest, it's darn close to it.
Speaker: kellyanne conway
About the speaker: Kellyane Conway is a White House counselor to President Donald Trump. Previously, she was a Republican strategist and pollster who served as campaign manager for Trump's 2016 presidential campaign.
Date: February 2, 2017
Location: national
Topics: history
Context: an interview on "Fox and Friends"
Fact-check justification: Conway said, "This is longest that the nation has gone without a secretary of the Treasury, at least in modern times. If it's not the longest, it's darn close to it." Conway is . The United States didn’t have a president-appointed, Senate-confirmed secretary of Treasury for 34 days in 2013. Mnuchin’s confirmation could drag out longer, but Conway made this  on Feb. 2, 14 days after inauguration. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/8712097e-8b51-4f6b-be28-cc14fda204de
Statement: Senate immigration legislation is the "Obama-Reid plan to give illegal immigrants amnesty.
Speaker: eric cantor
About the speaker: Eric Cantor is a former congressman who represented Virginia's 7th District from 2001 to 2014. He rose to House minority whip in 2009 and House majority leader in 2011. Cantor was upset by Dave Brat in the 2014 GOP primary for congress. He is now vice chairman and managing director of Moelis & Company, a global investment bank.
 
 
 
Date: May 28, 2014
Location: national
Topics: immigration;congress
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: In recent campaign literature, Cantor said the Senate immigration bill is "liberal" and the "Obama-Reid plan to give illegal immigrants amnesty." Reasonable people might consider this amnesty, but it’s a much more rigorous path to citizenship than Cantor lets on in his flier. It’s certainly not a "give" away. Further, the plan had significant support from both sides of the aisle, both inside the Senate and from outside organizations. The bipartisan Gang of Eight is credited with putting together the package, not Obama and Reid. Weighing all of that, we think Cantor is intentionally  Virginia voters on this issue. We rate his  .
Statement: Democrats introduce bill to 'euthanize seniors' to save Social Security.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 10, 2020
Topics: social security;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Ginny Talia is not actually a U.S. senator. And lawmakers have introduced no such bill.   It seems this story first appeared on Daily World Update , a self-described satire site "for flat earthers, Trumpsters and Y’all Qaeda. "  News.bizwiznews.com, meanwhile, does not make it clear that this story is a farce.   We rate it !
Statement: Audio clips from ad show Pat McCrory supported Black Lives Matter protesters while condemning 'Trump supporters'
Speaker: club for growth
About the speaker: The Club for Growth is an anti-tax group.
Date: December 7, 2021
Location: north carolina
Context: a video ad
Fact-check justification: The Club for Growth Action ad played audio clips of McCrory that made it seem like he was defending Black Lives Matter protesters, while condemning Trump supporters by saying, "Riots by Republicans. Who in the hell do they think they are?" The clip about the Black Lives Matter protests omits McCroy’s full comments, which reference violence during their protests.  The second quote was deceptively edited by pasting together using two sound bites. It’s accurate for the ad to point out that McCrory was upset with Trump supporters, but it was  for the ad-makers to exclude McCrory’s reasoning for condemning them: because those who rioted used violence against police officers.  This part of the ad contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: Every survey shows strong satisfaction with private coverage.
Speaker: america's health insurance plans
About the speaker: AHIP is a trade group representing the health insurance industry.
Date: August 27, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: CNN's Lou Dobbs Tonight
Fact-check justification: An AHIP spokesman told PolitiFact that the combination of "very" and "somewhat" satisfied — which together account for a big majority in every poll — justifies Tuffin's use of the phrase "strong satisfaction." But we think that to be "somewhat satisfied," as a big chunk of Americans are in every poll, falls short of "strong satisfaction." At the same time, many poll respondents expressed concerns about costs of the health care system. And since most independent polling data doesn't separate Americans' feelings about Medicare and Medicaid from private plans, it's an overreach to attribute Americans' warm feelings about their coverage simply to private insurance. On balance, then, we give Tuffin a .
Statement: Charlie Crist has six different positions on ObamaCare.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: August 27, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: a campaign website
Fact-check justification: So we see three main positions here: Crist has said he was against the bill and wanted it repealed, Crist has said he would have voted for it, and Crist has said he wants to modify the bill. Where does that leave us? Rubio says Crist has had "six different positions" on the health care bill. We agree he has made conflicting statements about his views on the health care bill -- once it only took him two hours to contradict himself. But generally his positions can be summarized in three ways: he was opposed and wanted to repeal the law, he said he would have voted for the law, and he wants to modify the law. We think "six different positions" is the  number, but "different positions" is right on. We rate this  .
Statement: Hunter Biden has been arrested!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 24, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post offers a source for this information that further undermines its credibility: "Vice President John F. Kennedy Jr." Kennedy is, of course, not the vice president, nor is he alive. He died in a plane crash in 1999. Some followers of the QAnon movement believe he isn’t dead, and want him to run on a ticket with former President Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election.   But that’s not possible.   We rate this post .