chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says because of Texas lawmakers' choices, "hundreds of thousands of women no longer have access to basic medical care, life-saving cancer screenings and contraception.
Speaker: wendy davis
About the speaker: Wendy Davis, a Fort Worth attorney, was initially elected to the Texas Senate in 2008. She was the 2014 Democratic gubernatorial nominee, giving up a shot at winning re-election to the Senate.
Date: June 9, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: health care;state budget;women
Context: Houston
Fact-check justification: Davis overstated the number of women who have already lost services, at least as provided by State Health Services-supported clinics; the best information available suggests it’s closer to 83,000. Then again, through August 2013, the state projects that more than 200,000 women will lose access to the state's family planning services, and it seems likely they have few other options. We rate Davis’ statement .
Statement: Says "Tammy Baldwin had the opportunity to vote to honor the victims of 9/11 and she voted against it.
Speaker: tommy thompson
About the speaker: Tommy Thompson, a Republican, was a 2012 candidate for the U.S. Senate from Wisconsin. He served as governor of Wisconsin from 1987 until 2001, when he left office to become President George W. Bush's secretary of health and human services. He previously spent 20 years in the Wisconsin Assembly. Thompson briefly ran for president, withdrawing in 2007.
Date: October 23, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: patriotism;terrorism
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Baldwin voted against the measure in 2006 -- and criticized Republicans for adding in references to the Patriot Act, immigration bills, and other controversial matters. But Baldwin has voted nine times in favor of similar resolutions and the day before the vote in question supported creation of a memorial at the World Trade Center site. Thompson’s statement contains an element of , but leaves out critical information that would give a different impression. That’s our definition of . ( Editor's note : On Oct. 31, 2012, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel columnist Daniel Bice reported Baldwin had actually missed one of the nine votes her campaign cited -- a fact the campaign acknowledged, saying she was sick that day.  )
Statement: SCOTUS overturned the 2020 election.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 6, 2022
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) The Supreme Court had a sensational term , issuing rulings on abortion, gun rights and the environment, but they didn’t weigh in on the presidential election, much less overturn it.    In the fall, the court is expected to consider the power state legislatures have over elections , but this won’t have any bearing on the outcome of the 2020 election.   We rate this post !
Statement: The Green Bay Packers are a socialist organization.
Speaker: scott keyes
About the speaker: Scott Keyes is a reporter for ThinkProgress.org, a web site of the left-leaning Center for American Progress Action Fund. The fund is run by John Podesta, who served as chief of staff for President Bill Clinton.
Date: September 10, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: sports
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: Although it pours profits back into the operation, the team is highly capitalistic in its pursuit of maximum revenue. Moreover, if the Packers were a socialist organization, its shareholders would have a significant say in running the team and derive tangible benefits from it. But their say is small and the tangible benefits are token. Upon further review, Keyes’ long pass was completed -- but for a first down, not a touchdown. We rate his  .
Statement: BIDEN: 'I'm not gonna take any questions because I think it's inappropriate.'
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: January 27, 2022
Location: national
Topics: supreme court
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Associated Press reported on Jan. 9 that Biden held fewer news conferences and participated in fewer media interviews during his first year in office than his recent predecessors had — although the outlet also reported that Biden more frequently fielded questions during his public appearances than those same predecessors, citing research from a Towson University professor. But Biden did not say Jan. 27 that he thinks taking questions in general is inappropriate. The RNC tweet abbreviated Biden’s remarks to leave that  impression. The tweet contained an element of  — the words it highlighted did indeed come out of Biden’s mouth — but its editing and presentation omitted what Biden said next, critical information that would give a different impression.   We rate the tweet .
Statement: Killing the payroll tax means killing Social Security.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 10, 2020
Topics: social security;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on social media
Fact-check justification: In response to Trump’s executive action, a post on Facebook claimed, "Killing the payroll tax means killing Social Security." Trump’s proposal defers some payments of the payroll taxes, which experts say won’t kill Social Security. But the federal government does need to find ways to fund the program in the long term. That’s not a new problem. We rate this  .
Statement: Student loans from the federal government issued between 2007 and 2012 are on target "to produce $66 billion in profits for the United States government.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: September 26, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: debt;education;federal budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: For a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details, our rating is . More on student loans Russ Feingold says U.S. Senate opponent Ron Johnson "is opposed to all government-assisted student loans."  . Hillary Clinton says Scott Walker rejected legislation to make college loan payments tax deductible and the result was "to raise taxes on students."  .
Statement: Republicans "have shown themselves willing to cut millions off their health insurance and eliminate preexisting condition protections for millions more, even in the middle of this public health crisis.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: April 14, 2020
Topics: health care;public health;health check;coronavirus
Context: his online video endorsement of Joe Biden for president
Fact-check justification: Obama accused the Trump administration and Senate Republicans of being "willing to cut millions off their health insurance and eliminate preexisting condition protections for millions more, even in the middle of this public health crisis."  indicates that this is an apt characterization. None have put forth a plan that would maintain coverage or consumer protections ― policies that benefit millions of Americans — if the Supreme Court rules against the ACA. And as Obama asserts, striking down the law without an equivalent replacement could be devastating, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. We rate this  .
Statement: Said that his batting average with Congress is higher than every other president since Dwight D. Eisenhower except Lyndon Johnson.
Speaker: jimmy carter
About the speaker: Jimmy Carter was elected president of the United States in 1976 and served one term. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002. The native of Plains, Georgia was submarine commander, peanut farmer, state senator and Georgia governor. 
Date: September 20, 2010
Location: georgia
Context: Former President Jimmy Carter, Sept. 20, during an NBC interview about his latest book
Fact-check justification: Yet while his proposals garnered favorable votes in one chamber, many never became law. It's hard to call that a  record of legislative success.   Still, he did better than most people think. AJC PolitiFact Georgia defines  as an accurate statement that leaves out important details or take things out of context. And we rate Carter's statement as just that -- .
Statement: Things like … having Friday classes have been shown to be very effective on college campuses" in reducing drinking.
Speaker: university of oregon
About the speaker: The University of Oregon is a public university. It is located in Eugene, Ore.
Date: September 3, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: alcohol;education
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Moreover, we weren’t able to find a clear application that showed significant reductions when more early Friday classes were offered. Most important, Summers acknowledges that the list she used as a source cited only "theoretical and logical promise." We think she overstepped here. Saying that Friday classes have been "shown to be very effective" is an exaggeration. We rate this statement  -- the statement is partially accurate but leaves out a number of details.
Statement: Says that illegal immigrants get a $100,000 break on University of Texas tuition over four years.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: September 22, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: education;state budget
Context: Orlando
Fact-check justification: The vast majority of affidavit students in Texas last year got an average in-state tuition reduction of $1,600 to $2,600. If they got that rate for four years, the total "discount" would be $6,400 to $10,400. And that group of 12,028 community college affidavit students made up less than 1 percent of the 1,364,911 college students enrolled in Texas last year. Romney’s $100,000 figure is only $9,200 off the mark for the University of Texas, but with 73 percent of affidavit students receiving $10,400 or less over four years, his choice to use UT as an example gives a skewed representation of the reality of illegal immigrants seeking college education in Texas. We rate his statement .
Statement: Milwaukee police use deadly force at a rate that is "among the lowest" in the country.
Speaker: edward flynn
About the speaker: Edward Flynn was the police chief in Milwaukee, Wis., from January 2008 to February 2018. He was police commissioner in Springfield, Mass., from 2006 to 2008. He served as secretary of public safety under then-Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney from January 2003 until taking the Springfield job.
Date: July 8, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;crime;guns
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Our rating Flynn said Milwaukee police use deadly force at a rate that is "among the lowest" in the country. Flynn bases his  on the best data currently available, which show Milwaukee police killed one person in 2015. But 2015 is the only full year for which data are available on a national level; we simply don’t know how Milwaukee’s rate would compare in prior years. Our definition of  is a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important information. That fits here.
Statement: Says Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker "has threatened to call out the National Guard if workers protest against" changes to bargaining laws.
Speaker: progressive change campaign committee
About the speaker: The Progressive Change Campaign Committee is a liberal political action committee.
Date: February 14, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: an email blast to supporters
Fact-check justification: Let’s return to the statement. The Progressive Change Campaign Committee said Walker "threatened to call out the National Guard if workers protest against these cuts!" The governor spoke of possibly calling up the Guard if state workers didn’t show up for work, but he made no reference to using it in response to protests. And certainly none that would suggest the Guard is authorized to use force to impose anything on state workers. We rate the  .
Statement: Says proposal to use city-owned land for an Austin pro soccer stadium is a "$1 billion giveaway.
Speaker: austin for a better future
About the speaker: Political actional group opposed to Major League Soccer stadium proposal in Austin.
Date: June 27, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: sports
Context: In a video
Fact-check justification: A video by an anti-stadium group claims the Austin City Council is poised to give more than $1 billion to a private company and receive nothing in return. While the City Council could potentially provide incentives worth millions of dollars as part of the soccer stadium deal, the scary "$1 billion giveaway" language of the video simply doesn’t stand up to close scrutiny. The lengthy time frame invoked and the countless unknown events that could impact the deal make the math used in the video meaningless. Factor in that the video also doesn’t account for any return on the city’s investment, and it is clear that the contentions are off base  — and . We rate the  !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Queen Elizabeth II is dead.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 17, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: On Feb. 20, Buckingham Palace said that the queen was experiencing "mild coldlike symptoms" but that she expected to continue "light duties. "  This isn’t the first hoax about her death. In 2018 and 2021 , we fact-checked claims that she was dead. Both were , and so is this .   We rate it .
Statement: I investigated Abramoff and people ended up in jail.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 8, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: an appearance on Fox News' "Fox and Friends"
Fact-check justification: At least 14 individuals caught up in the corruption probe or the Florida case have pleaded guilty to various charges. Most were sentenced to probation in return for their cooperation in the investigation. It certainly can be argued that McCain was the most aggressive member of Congress who investigated the Abramoff affair, and that his efforts expanded inquiries into wrongdoing that ultimately resulted in the convictions of Bush administration officials, congressional staffers and businesspeople. And though McCain didn't directly send any of the wrongdoers to jail, Griles, the former Interior Department deputy, wound up serving time specifically because he lied to investigators from McCain's committee. For this reason, we rule McCain's statement .
Statement: The Republican tax bill is "not being scored by the Congressional Budget Office, as it is traditionally.
Speaker: richard durbin
About the speaker: Dick Durbin in the senior U.S. senator from Illinois and the Democratic majority whip.
Date: November 12, 2017
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;taxes
Context: an interview on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Durbin said the Republican tax bill is "not being scored by the Congressional Budget Office, as it is traditionally." Under the most obvious interpretation of that statement, Durbin is . The nonpartisan analysis for tax bills is actually a task handled by the Joint Committee on Taxation, and the committee has been actively analyzing the Republican tax bills. We rate the statement .
Statement: Georgia has the most restrictive ballot access laws in the country.
Speaker: mary norwood
About the speaker: Mary Norwood is an independent candidate for Fulton County Commission chairman
Date: June 29, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Winger ranks North Carolina as having the second-most-restrictive ballot access guidelines for independent countywide candidates. The Tar Heel State requires those candidates to get the signatures of 4 percent of registered voters in the county to get on the ballot. Winger ranked Illinois as third, but it’s worth noting that state also requires independent countywide candidates to get 5 percent of the signatures of voters who cast ballots in the 2008 election. As for her  on Georgia’s rules about ballot access, the Peach State and Illinois both have similar ballot access guidelines. Therefore, we rate Norwood’s statement as .
Statement: Says Social Security is a "legal Ponzi scheme.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: April 24, 2023
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;social security;taxes;wisconsin
Context: Public statement
Fact-check justification: In an interview, Johnson claimed Social Security is a "legal Ponzi scheme." As we have noted before, on a superficial level, the comparison may be somewhat on target. However, unlike a Ponzi scheme, Social Security is obligated to pay benefits, the government is also required to return money borrowed from the fund with interest, and its operation is run publicly. Our definition of  is "the statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression." That fits here.
Statement: Says the state's pension and health benefits reform includes "the destruction of public sector collective bargaining rights.
Speaker: nj-can
About the speaker: NJ-CAN is a group of progressive Democrats.
Date: August 9, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: health care;retirement;state budget
Context: a petition
Fact-check justification: The ruling NJ-CAN claimed the new pension and health benefits reform includes "the destruction of public sector collective bargaining rights." The legislation eliminates negotiations over health care contributions for a four-year period, a move that some experts said would make bargaining over other issues more difficult. But you can’t say bargaining rights have been destroyed when unions can still negotiate wages and other issues, and when the health care negotiations are scheduled to resume at the end of the four years. Since "destruction" is too strong of a word to explain the impacts on unions, we rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: In Wisconsin, 98 percent of all small businesses will qualify for income-tax relief under my plan, freeing them to expand and create jobs.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: January 5, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: small business;taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: There are that many businesses under the $500,000 threshold -- but that’s just the beginning of the story. They may all be eligible to apply, but many won’t qualify for a tax credit of any significant size. And the number gets substantially reduced because unprofitable businesses won’t see a credit until they turn around. Even business advocates don’t contend it would help recipients create jobs, as Walker claims. We rate Walker’s  .
Statement: The U.S. has "47 million people on food stamps. That's 14 million more than when the current occupant of the White House took over.
Speaker: herman cain
About the speaker: Herman Cain is an author, columnist and talk radio host. Cain, a former pizza franchise CEO, ran for president as a Republican in 2012.
Date: May 21, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: economy;families
Context: a speech announcing his presidential run
Fact-check justification: These policies remained in place under Obama.      Another reason assigning blame is tough is that there is typically a lag between when the broader economy begins to recover and when SNAP usage declines. The monthly growth has slowed for the past three months, and it could start declining in a month or two.      Cain’s accusation against Obama was not as barbed as Gingrich’s, but he did lay the blame for food stamp usage at the president’s feet. We therefore give the presidential candidate a .
Statement: NASA is "just a film studio, and all they do are movies.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 8, 2023
Topics: space;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Today, Michoud is manufacturing and assembling the core stages for NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) — the world’s most powerful rocket that will send the Orion spacecraft , astronauts, and supplies on bold explorations to the moon and beyond, the Orion spacecraft’s pressure vessel and launch abort system, and has begun production on SLS’s block 1B configuration Exploration Upper Stage," NASA says on the facility’s website . Photos of that work were published in August on Nola.com . NASA has rented space at the site to film companies, and movies  such as "Ender’s Game" have been shot there . But that doesn’t make the case that NASA is a film studio that only makes movies.   We rate that  .