chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: We now know these firms are unwilling to put up any private money," for California's high-speed rail project.
Speaker: jim patterson
About the speaker: Republican state assemblyman from Fresno.
Date: November 3, 2015
Location: california
Topics: transportation
Context: a news article
Fact-check justification: Assemblyman Jim Patterson said this month: "We now know these firms are unwilling to put up any private money." He was referring to the more than 30 companies that submitted financial advice to the rail authority, without offering any funding. Many of those companies identified financial concerns, including the need to reduce the size of the project’s contracts and guarantee revenue. But Patterson does not mention that the rail authority’s request was for advice, not money. And we simply don’t "know" how willing those companies will be once a formal funding request is made. Some of the firms that responded, along with rail authority leaders and the head of the project’s independent oversight panel, all said it’s too early to conclude the private sector has given up on the project. Patterson’s statement implies they already have. We rate the  .    – The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.  Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: In one county alone in Ohio, President Obama received 106,258 votes. But there were only 98,213 eligible voters.
Speaker: we the people petition
About the speaker: The White House has created a page on its website that allows citizens to post petitions. The page, called We the People, Your Voice in Our Government, allows citizens to present issues directly to the government. If a petition gets 25,000 online signatures in a month, it may get an official response from the White House.
Date: November 19, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: elections
Context: a petition on the White House website
Fact-check justification: It’s a total for registered voters in that county. The actual votes cast for both Obama and Romney combined amount to about 57 percent of that number, a figure easily checked. The petition's  that Obama somehow managed to collect that many votes is not only demonstrably  , it's . The -O-Meter has a rating for that: !
Statement: 100% of COVID deaths in Canada now due to mRNA vaccine.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 5, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Four hundred deaths following COVID-19 vaccination also have been reported in Canada. Of those, four were classified as "consistent with causal association to immunization" after being reviewed by scientific and medical professionals, according to the email from Public Health Agency of Canada.   As for the other deaths following vaccination, "Simply because a death occurred following immunization does not mean the vaccine or vaccination caused that death," the agency said in an email.   The agency added that "vaccination remains one of the most effective ways to protect against serious illness, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19 infection. "  We rate the  that "100% of COVID deaths in Canada now due to mRNA vaccine" .
Statement: Congress Approves Bill Offering Free Cars To Welfare Recipients.
Speaker: americannews.com
About the speaker: AmericanNews.com is a website of undetermined origin. 
Date: November 2, 2014
Location: national
Topics: welfare
Context: a web post
Fact-check justification: This post on social media claims that welfare recipients, thanks to Obama, will be eligible for a free vehicle and monthly gas cards. But it was ripped straight from a  news website. We rate the  .
Statement: Says the U.S. national debt has tripled during Rep. Greg Walden's time in Congress.
Speaker: dennis linthicum
About the speaker: Dennis Linthicum is the current Chair of the Klamath County Board of Commissioners. He has announced that he will run against Rep. Greg Walden in the 2014 GOP primary.
Date: November 1, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: debt
Context: his campaign website
Fact-check justification: The blame, though, is largely misplaced. You’d also have to account for entitlement program growth and the impact of the recession. His statement is accurate but he can’t pin the bulk of the growth on Walden, who is one of hundreds of lawmakers and three presidents to serve since 1999. We rate the statement . (Head back to OregonLive to comment on this article and let us know what you think about the ruling.)
Statement: Voted the 'best specialty plate in America'
Speaker: friends of plum beach lighthouse
About the speaker: The Friends of Plum Beach Lighthouse is a nonprofit organization that acquired the Plum Beach Lighthouse with the goal of preserving it. The lighthouse was built in 1897 off North Kingstown in Narragansett Bay's West Passage and abandoned in 1941 with the construction of the Jamestown Bridge.
Date: June 1, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: pop culture;states;transportation
Context: A highway billboard
Fact-check justification: Besides, the license plate got more votes than any other specialty tag. Still, the lighthouse group knew it was making a  that wasn’t quite accurate. That’s why we’re stamping their plate BRLY-TRU . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: America's hard-working agricultural producers … have taken a disproportionate hit when it comes to illegal retaliatory tariffs.
Speaker: sonny perdue
About the speaker: Sonny Perdue is the former governor of Georgia. He serves as Secretary of Agriculture for the Trump administration.
Date: July 26, 2018
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;trade
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Perdue said, "America’s hard-working agricultural producers … have taken a disproportionate hit when it comes to illegal retaliatory tariffs." It’s difficult to measure the impact of tariffs on the economy and particularly hard to measure the impact of retaliatory tariffs on exports. That said, the economy sets up agricultural producers to bear the brunt of tariffs. Exports are doubly important for the agricultural sector’s GDP as for the country’s GDP. USDA calculated that 37 percent of exports facing tariffs are agricultural goods, whereas agricultural goods comprise 10 percent of total exports. We rate this statement .
Statement: The U.S. government spends less on energy innovation "than the pet food industry invests in its own products.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 11, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: the campaign's energy plan
Fact-check justification: But Obama uses the word "invests" – and given the parallel construction of his argument – it reads to us like a comparison between federal government energy research and pet food industry research, (i.e. the development of new products.) For its part, the Pet Food Institute, the trade association for the industry, says that it doesn't keep such figures, leaving us to wonder where Kammen got them. But a 2006 study by consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton, which examined the 1,000 companies across all industries that spend the most on research and development, found that on average those companies spent 3.8 percent of their gross sales on R&D.; Given that the pet food industry as a whole grosses about $15 billion a year in sales, it's inconceivable that the industry spends more on new product research than the $3-billion the government spends on energy R&D.; That would be 20 percent of gross sales. As a result, we find Obama's  to be .
Statement: Seventy to 80 percent of NRA members support a universal background check.
Speaker: tim ryan
About the speaker: Tim Ryan is a representative of Ohio’s 13th Congressional District. Ryan served the state’s 17th Congressional District from 2003 until 2013, when he assumed office to represent the 13th District. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president. In 2022, he is running for an Ohio U.S. Senate seat.
Date: February 20, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: guns
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Ryan said that "70 to 80 percent of NRA members support a universal background check." Ryan is citing a poll from Public Policy Polling, conducted in 2015 for liberal groups. That poll found that among the respondents who said they were NRA members, the poll showed that 72 percent supported background checks. Other polls we looked at showed that between 52 and 74 percent of NRA members supported background checks. These polls are imperfect because they include small samples of NRA members, but they all suggest a majority of NRA members support background checks. New polling of larger numbers of NRA members would shed more light on the views of NRA members on background checks. With all that in mind, we rate this statement .
Statement: Says former Democratic Sen. Harry Reid has an outlaw horse thief ancestor and Reid's office offered a spin-job biography about the man.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 29, 2013
Topics: fake news;history;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) With good reason: The entire account is fabricated.   Harry Reid is simply one of many political figures to be implicated in this bogus ancestry spin job. We rate this !
Statement: Hillary's baby bond proposal would give $5,000 to each of the 4-million babies born in the U.S. each year, totaling $20-billion per year, multiplied by four years = $80-billion.
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: November 26, 2007
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a Web site
Fact-check justification: The Republicans did a credible job in tallying up Clinton's plans, but they did make one huge . Clinton, at one point in 2007, talked about offering every newborn child born a $5,000 bond as part of an effort to encourage savings for such things as college tuition. The estimated cost would be $80-billion over four years. The RNC included the proposal in its Spend-O-Meter. The only problem is that Clinton never formally proposed it and indeed told the Boston Globe last month that the plan did not have as much political support as her other plans to pay for college.
Statement: 'America is dead' — Joe Biden actually said this at his Iowa rally.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 30, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Nor do I and never will. Unlike Donald Trump, we will not surrender to this virus." We rate this blog post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: When Republican extremists tried to take away abortion rights … Blake Rocap stopped them.
Speaker: blake rocap
About the speaker: Blake Rocap, a 2016 candidate to represent Austin's Texas House District 49, has advocated for abortion rights on behalf of NARAL, Pro-Choice Texas.
Date: February 16, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;candidate biography
Context: a voter mailer
Fact-check justification: Rocap said in a voter mailer: "When Republican extremists tried to take away abortion rights… Blake Rocap stopped them." Rocap ranks among Texas "pro-choice" advocates who battled and sometimes derailed Republican moves pitched as reducing the prevalence of abortion. But Republicans also ultimately passed multiple restrictions into law; no one stopped that. We rate Rocap's incomplete statement .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: A loophole "still exists which allows members of Congress and high-powered executive branch appointees to exploit 'insider' knowledge of the financial industry in order to turn personal profit.
Speaker: public citizen
About the speaker: Public Citizen is a government watchdog that represents consumer interests in Congress, the executive branch and the courts.
Date: July 10, 2009
Location: national
Topics: crime
Context: an email to supporters
Fact-check justification: "It may be unethical, and it may be unseemly, but it's not illegal," Carton said. So yes, it seems there is a way for members of Congress to engage in insider trading. Whether they are actually doing it is another story. So far, there are no specific examples of lawmakers engaging in "secret spending and insider trading," as the e-mail indicates. But for its factual , we give Public Citizen a .
Statement: The COVID-19 vaccines "failed miserably" in animal trials and are "a type of gene therapy that several top scientists warn will kill you.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: November 14, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The vaccines did not fail in animal trials or result in the death of the animals tested. COVID-19 vaccines are not a type of gene therapy, which involves modifying genes to replace or fix mutations that lead to diseases. The mRNA vaccines do not change a person’s genetic makeup and never enter the part of the cell that hosts DNA. The scientists cited in the video have spread misinformation about the vaccines. We rate this  .
Statement: Our debt now is about $140,000 per household.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: March 21, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: debt;taxes
Context: a speech on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: While not a precise term, it’s another way of stating overall or gross debt. A number of economists have told PolitiFact that they worry more about the portion of debt held by the public, and less about the borrowing between intragovernmental accounts. But they have also said that when describing the national debt, it can be reasonable to express it in terms of the gross debt. Portman was using an average to illustrate a point, not to say that each of us needs to take out a second mortgage. We rate his  .
Statement: Scott Walker gave Wisconsin job creation money to his cronies: corporate friends who contributed to his campaigns" and got $570 million in job-development incentives
Speaker: greater wisconsin committee
About the speaker: The Greater Wisconsin Committee is a liberal group active in Wisconsin state politics, from legislative races to statewide offices. It receives money from a variety of sources, including labor unions. Its campaign ads are typically done through the Greater Wisconsin Political Fund.
Date: August 20, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: campaign finance;economy;elections
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: But that’s all it is. Much of that money went to firms whose employees have given to Democrats in the past. Many of the donations were small, and Walker’s jobs agency has a limited role in dealing with firms associated with a big chunk of the $570 million. The ad makes a red-hot charge that suggests corruption, even putting a dollar figure on it, but can’t deliver the goods. We rate the  .
Statement: Since 1968, "more Americans have died from gunfire than died in … all the wars of this country's history.
Speaker: mark shields
About the speaker: Mark Shields is a syndicated columnist and an analyst for the PBS NewsHour.
Date: December 21, 2012
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: the PBS NewsHour
Fact-check justification: Since Shields’ comparison was otherwise accurate, with about 1.4 million firearm deaths to 1.2 million in war, we rated his  .
Statement: Gov. Chris Christie owes the state money "for amenities like extra Gorgonzola cheese for his staff on these trips.
Speaker: new jersey democratic state committee
About the speaker: The New Jersey Democratic State Committee represents the Democratic Party in New Jersey.
Date: June 2, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The Democrats’  that Christie owes money is based on a newspaper column, but that’s not cited in the press release. The Democrats’ own records prove that information has been withheld by the governor’s office, but don’t show that Christie owes much money. PolitiFact New Jersey enjoys a roast beef sandwich just as much as the next person, but to  that the governor should fork over dough for Gorgonzola cheese is just . We rate this statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: The vast majority of the (refugees) coming into Fort McCoy are not the SIVs" and some have "no documentation at all.
Speaker: patrick testin
About the speaker: Elected to Senate 2016. Leadership positions: Majority Caucus Vice Chair, 2019, 2017. 
Date: August 29, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: afghanistan;military
Context: TV interview
Fact-check justification: Testin said "the vast majority of the (refugees) coming into Fort McCoy are not the SIVs" and some have "no documentation at all." While no official numbers have been released, Testin’s comment was corroborated by two people who attended the briefing and tracks with what is known about the refugees in general and at Fort McCoy in particular: Most do not fall into the SIV category.  What’s more, in the chaos of the evacuation, it’s certain at least some have no documentation. That said, Testin’s overall point is undermined by the fact he ignores the vetting that did take place -- and will continue to take place before any refugees are resettled.  That fits our definition of .
Statement: Illegal immigrants currently occupy 8 million jobs.
Speaker: lamar smith
About the speaker: Lamar Smith is a Republican congressman from a San Antonio-based district in Texas. He became chairman of the House Judiciary Committee in January 2011.
Date: December 15, 2009
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;economy
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: With huge job losses across all demographic groups, Passel sa id the number of employed illegal immigrants has most likely dropped. Passel suggested that today the number is closer to 7 million. So Smith is right that millions of jobs are held by illegal immigrants. Yet by citing numbers that were 20 months old, he didn't account for  conditions that have caused some of those jobs to disappear. We find his  .
Statement: Congress, White House, IRS, Feds, Federal Reserve are shut down.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 13, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: And although President Joe Biden is overseas, his press secretary continues to hold press briefings there and perform official duties. Plus, that photo of gold and claims that it came from the Vatican have been circulating for a while. In 2021, Agence France-Presse  checked a  that those and other gold bars had been seized in Vatican City, but there’s no  to support that , either. This particular photo was published online as early as October 2016, in a Croatian news report about how the wealthy don’t trust banks with their gold.   We rate claims that these government institutions have shut down !
Statement: Says unions call Obamacare "bad for workers.
Speaker: mike lee
About the speaker: Lee graduated from Brigham Young University with a Bachelor of Science in Political Science, and served as BYU's Student Body President in his senior year. He graduated from BYU's Law School in 1997 and went on to serve as law clerk to Judge Dee Benson of the U.S. District Court for the District of Utah, and then with future Supreme Court Justice Judge Samuel A. Alito, Jr. on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
Lee spent several years as an attorney with the law firm Sidley & Austin specializing in appellate and Supreme Court litigation, and then served as an Assistant U.S. Attorney in Salt Lake City arguing cases before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.
Lee served the state of Utah as Governor Jon Huntsman's General Counsel. He was elected to the Senate in 2010.
Date: August 4, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;unions
Context: a 'USA Today' op-ed
Fact-check justification: Mike Lee said unions say that Obamacare is bad for workers. About six unions, some of them quite large, have warned in the strongest terms that Obamacare will undercut health care coverage for their members. The  suggests that more than six unions share that view. However, the union community is not monolithic, and some large unions continue to support the Affordable Care Act as much as ever. And while Lee would like to do away with the new health care law, even unions with deep concerns seek to fix the law, not repeal it. Still, a significant number of prominent unions spoke against the law as it now stands and not every union would need to feel that way in order for Lee’s statement to be accurate. We rate the  .
Statement: Tax cuts approved and those proposed in his state budget "will exceed $8 billion by the time the budget is done.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: May 17, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: taxes
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker said tax cuts approved and those proposed in his pending state budget "will exceed $8 billion by the time the budget is done." The governor made a similar  in 2015, which we rated . His continued claims about the size of tax cuts remain on the money. Regardless of the budget passed, the state is on track to have generated more than $8 billion in tax cuts by the end of fiscal year 2019. We rate his