chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In the Florida Republican primary, "we got a very large percentage of the, quote, conservative vote.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: February 3, 2008
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: an interview on "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: "I don't see him gaining," Rothenberg said. "He still hasn't demonstrated that he can coalesce the conservative vote." Now, at the end of the day, Rothenberg said, if McCain is running against Sen. Hillary Clinton or Sen. Barack Obama, the conservative voters likely will back him. But as for McCain's characterization that conservative support in Florida was "very large," it's too relative a concept to call it . But when it's less than half, less than your opponent and when it hasn't even gone up, we can say it's .
Statement: Wisconsin is below the national average in wage growth and job growth.
Speaker: chuck todd
About the speaker: Chuck Todd is a political analyst and reporter for NBC and MSNBC.
Date: November 9, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;income;jobs;workers
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The quarterly time frames don’t match up precisely with Walker’s time in office because, as we noted, there is a lag of several months in reporting the figures. But when compared March 2011 to March 2014, and December 2010 to December 2013, the results were essentially the same: Wisconsin has lagged the national average on job growth, but was slightly higher on wage growth. Our rating Citing statistics for the most recent year, Todd said Wisconsin is below the national average in wage growth and job growth. The latest federal figures, comparing March 2013 to March 2014, show Wisconsin’s job growth rate at 1 percent, below the national average of 1.7 percent, and its wage growth rate at 2.9 percent, behind the national average of 3.8 percent. We rate Todd’s statement .
Statement: Says that on the tax reform law, Democratic leaders "are promising to take it all away.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: April 17, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: congress;negative campaigning;taxes
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Repeal this bill, my Republican colleagues. Our rating Ryan says that on the tax reform law, Democratic leaders "are promising to take it all away." Democratic leaders in Congress have been harshly critical of the law, and have talked about the need to repeal or at least review most of it. But the tax reform law also provides tax benefits to the middle class, which the Democratic leaders have indicated they want to keep. For a statement that is partially accurate, our rating is .
Statement: Says Joe Biden is "going to control how much meat you can eat.
Speaker: kevin mccarthy
About the speaker: Kevin McCarthy, who was first elected in 2006, is a Republican member of Congress representing a district in California. McCarthy was elected as House Speaker in January 2023.
Date: April 28, 2021
Location: national
Topics: climate change;food;california
Context: a Fox News appearance
Fact-check justification: McCarthy said Biden is "going to control how much meat you can eat." Biden’s climate plans do not include restrictions on red meat consumption. Claims that they do trace back to a Daily Mail article that wrongly linked Biden’s new U.S. emissions target to an unrelated 2020 study examining the impact of hypothetical dietary changes on emissions. The  had been widely debunked by the time McCarthy repeated it. We rate his statement !
Statement: A "man surpasses Tesla by inventing an electric car that never needs charging.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 26, 2018
Topics: corrections and updates;fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Three years ago, a man at a one-day event touted "inventions," including a car that defies the laws of physics. Since 2015, his story has only found a home on  news blogs and conspiracy sites. We rate this  ! Correction, Dec. 2, 2019:  This report has been corrected to note that   SABC Digital News is a news organization based in South Africa, not Zimbabwe.
Statement: Congressman John Lewis, an American hero, made allegations that Sarah Palin and I were somehow associated with ... the worst chapter in American history. ... And, Senator Obama, you didn't repudiate those remarks.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: October 15, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: Hempstead, N.Y
Fact-check justification: Lewis later said he could have phrased his words differently, because he didn’t want to relate McCain and Palin directly to Wallace’s tactics. But he said he accomplished his goal of highlighting the dangerous tone of the rallies. Obama’s campaign did promptly issue a statement, disputing the comparison that Lewis made. But that’s not the same as “repudiating” or admonishing Lewis for making that comparison. Because Obama’s campaign never specifically criticized Lewis, we rate McCain’s statement as .
Statement: Says Maryellen O'Shaughnessy "accepted campaign cash from indicted politician Jimmy Dimora.
Speaker: ohio republican party
About the speaker: Statewide organization for Ohio's Republicans.
Date: October 18, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: negative campaigning
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: And Dimora has been indicted in a federal corruption probe. Separately those are correct. But the flier’s combines the two facts to make the underlying suggestion that O’Shaughnessy took the money from a politician under federal indicted at the time of the contribution. That underlying message qualifies the  for a rating of . Comment on this item .
Statement: Says Joe Biden and Kamala Harris distrusted COVID-19 vaccines.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: June 16, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a TikTok video
Fact-check justification: A video on social media suggests that Biden and Harris distrusted COVID-19 vaccines. The video was selectively edited to leave out the context of their statements. Their full statements show they were raising doubts about Trump’s trustworthiness, his ability to roll out the vaccines safely and the risk of political influence over vaccine development.  We rate the video .
Statement: Says Mitt Romney "put Planned Parenthood on a state medical board but failed to put a pro-life group on the same board.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: national
Topics: abortion;message machine 2012
Context: a video campaign ad
Fact-check justification: When Romney was governor, he appointed Deborah Enos, president of Neighborhood Health Plan, a Medicaid managed care organization, and Bob Moran, an expert in payment methodologies at the University of Massachusetts. (Both are named in this implementation report from 2006.) It’s  that neither of them represents an anti-abortion group. The problem with the Gingrich ad's , however, is that the board’s job is to review state Medicaid reimbursement rates -- it does not address abortion policy at all. "It has nothing to do with saying what they’ll cover, what they won’t cover" in abortion services, said Anne Fox, president of Massachusetts Citizens for Life, an organization opposed to abortion.
Statement: In 2012, 123 African-Americans were shot dead by police. ... Same year, 326 whites were killed by police.
Speaker: bill o'reilly
About the speaker: Bill O'Reilly hosted The O'Reilly Factor on Fox News until 2017. He formerly worked as a television news reporter and has authored numerous books.
Date: December 1, 2014
Topics: crime;race and ethnicity;urban;punditfact
Context: a segment on "The O'Reilly Factor"
Fact-check justification: O’Reilly said, 123 African-Americans and 326 white people were shot dead by police in 2012. He referenced recent federal numbers but failed to mention their well - documented flaws. We have not found any experts who will vouch for numbers that purport to represent annual fatal shootings by police, as there are gaping holes within each dataset. Additionally, the number of white people fatally shot by police in 2012 is substantially off if you account for white Hispanics -- a group O’Reilly did not seem to have in mind during his rant about race relations between blacks and whites. O’Reilly’s statement contains an element of , but it’s not the full picture he makes it out to be. We rate the  .
Statement: Ted Cruz "helps run two national organizations that have been leading the push to give amnesty to illegal immigrants.
Speaker: david dewhurst
About the speaker: David Dewhurst, the former state land commissioner, was initially elected lieutenant governor of Texas in 2002. He lost his 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate and lost his bid for re-nomination in 2014.
Date: May 24, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Dewhurst says Cruz, who has said he opposes amnesty, "helps run two national organizations that have been leading the push to give amnesty to illegal immigrants." That’s weakened from the top because Cruz is on the advisory board for one -- not two -- relevant groups. The HAP Institute favors comprehensive immigration reform, including hurdles that illegal immigrants must clear to qualify for legal residency. It’s at least debatable whether that’s amnesty. Most significantly, we were struck by the utter lack of  for saying the institute has been leading the national push for amnesty. Far as we can tell, it’s not even among the top 20 advocacy groups on immigration policy. This misrepresentation isn’t just ; it’s . !
Statement: More people were killed in the United States last year by tainted food than U.S. troops killed in Iraq and Afghanistan since the wars began.
Speaker: ted ankrum
About the speaker: Ted Ankrum is a retired Navy captain who ran for the U.S. House in 2010.
Date: August 31, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: afghanistan;food safety;iraq
Context: an e-mail blast
Fact-check justification: When we followed up, Ankrum told us he relied on his memory of Schlosser's op-ed column in making his statement. "So 'uncle,' you got me," he said. Side note: Schlosser's comparison might have fared better on the -O-Meter even though it says U.S. residents killed by what they eat each year is "roughly" the same as U.S. deaths in Iraq and Afghanistan since 2003. Accounting for his 2003 limit and also adjusting for when the column appeared reduces combined U.S. deaths in the conflicts to 5,477-- less than 10 percent off the CDC's number for annual U.S. deaths from food-borne causes. We rate Ankrum's statement .
Statement: There were "76 deaths in three years" at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center
Speaker: michael kearns
About the speaker: Michael Kearns is county clerk in Erie County, New York. He is a registered Democrat but ran with Republican support. 
Date: April 11, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: health care
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Kearns said 76 patients died at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center between June 2013 and March 2016. The number is . The state Office of Mental Health confirmed 13 deaths at the facility during that time. The remaining deaths did not happen at the facility. We rate his statement !
Statement: Rob Cornilles has been endorsed by 20 local mayors, including Independent, Democratic and Republican.
Speaker: oregon republican party
About the speaker: The Oregon Republican Party is the state GOP party.
Date: January 13, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: They say that’s what they intended all along. But capitalization makes a difference. We’re very sorry for the confusion but facts are facts. We change our previous ruling from a  to a . Go back to OregonLive to comment.
Statement: Says "John James opposes abortion, even refusing to make an exception when a woman's life is at risk" and "wants to make it a felony even in cases of rape and incest.
Speaker: gary peters
About the speaker: Rep. Gary Peters is a Democrat representing Michigan's 14th district. He previously represented the 9th district from 2009 to 2013. He is running to replace Sen. Carl Levin, who is retiring. 
Date: September 21, 2020
Location: michigan
Topics: corrections and updates
Context: a Sept. 21 Facebook ad
Fact-check justification: A Gary Peters campaign ad says "John James opposes abortion, even refusing to make an exception when a woman’s life is at risk" and "wants to make it a felony even in cases of rape and incest." This lacks context. While James’ campaign stated in 2018 that he supports exceptions to abortion prohibitions in cases where the mother’s life is at risk, he has not provided a clear answer about where he stands now. Neither James nor his campaign have reiterated his support for such an exception, but neither he nor his campaign have said he would oppose them either. Meanwhile, James’ has been clear in his stated support for overturning Roe v. Wade, an action that would result in abortion regulations reverting to individual states. Michigan’s pre-Roe abortion ban makes administering abortion a felony except in cases where it is necessary to save a woman’s life. But James has not said whether he supports Michigan’s pre-Roe ban. The ad’s claims are partially accurate but leave out important details or take things out of context. We rate the ad’s claims . UPDATE, Oct. 9, 2020 : This story has been updated to reflect James’ comments on Oct. 4 , 2020, to WXYZ-TV Detroit. The ruling is unchanged.
Statement: The U.S. State Department has ordered 160,000 Hazmat suits for Ebola, prompting concerns that the federal government is anticipating the rapid spread" of the virus.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: September 15, 2014
Topics: ebola;foreign policy;public health;science;punditfact
Context: a post on InfoWars.com
Fact-check justification: The website InfoWars claimed that the State Department "has ordered 160,000 Hazmat suits for Ebola," demonstrating that "the federal government is anticipating the rapid spread of a virus that has already claimed an unprecedented number of lives." The federal government agency in question is USAID, but that’s something of a technicality. A USAID official told us that the suits are one use only, so 160,000 suits aren’t actually an astronomical amount. In fact, USAID has already delivered 100,000 suits to the Ebola-infected regions of Africa. Their new bid, while an expansion of their efforts, is in line with what USAID has done so far, and doesn’t demonstrate that the federal government is anticipating any sort of "rapid spread." We rate the  .
Statement: If Congress froze the current spending level and then cut it by 2 percent annually, "we could balance the budget in five years.
Speaker: jamie radtke
About the speaker: Jamie Radtke, a Republican, was a candidate for the GOP nomination for U.S. Senate in 2012 and was president of the Richmond Tea Party and co-founder of the Virginia Tea Party Patriots Federation.
Radtke graduated from Liberty University, Lynchburg, in 1995 and earned a master's degree in public policy from the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, in 1998.
Date: April 5, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: Radtke says the U.S. budget could be balanced by 2016 if Congress froze the current spending level and then cut it by 2 percent in each of the next four years. As a cold equation, the math works out. But Radtke sugarcoats her tough proposal by comparing it to cutting a child’s allowance by pennies. Her program of 2 percent cuts does not account for the mandated increases in entitlement programs. While she says she would be cutting about $282 billion over four years, Congress would really need to cut $742 billion from programs as they now exist. Her program would actually require cuts in current programs going far deeper than anything proposed by even House Republican budget writers in their war against spending. That makes Radtke’s plan highly unrealistic. Radtke’s calculation doesn't give a full result. For that reason, we rate it .
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Nancy Pelosi "is guilty of treason.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 6, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Rather, the press conference was held to criticize Pelosi and the House select committee  investigating the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol.   The U.S. Constitution describes treason as a crime in which someone "owing allegiance to the United States levies war against them or adheres to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort within the United States or somewhere else." Such cases are rare in the United States, and Pelosi is not accused in one. Only about 30 people have ever been charged with treason in the United States, former Vice President Aaron Burr famously among them.   We rate this post .
Statement: Texas mothers are dying during childbirth at the highest rates in the nation.
Speaker: shawn thierry
About the speaker: Shawn Thierry, a Houston lawyer, won election to represent Texas House District 146 in November 2016 after Democratic precinct chairs elected her the party's nominee in an August 2016 meeting. Thierry succeeded Rep. Borris Miles, who was elected to the Texas Senate.
Date: June 7, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: health care;women
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Thierry said Texas mothers "are dying during childbirth at the highest rates in the nation." In 2011 and 2012, according to a 2016 study, Texas had by far the nation’s highest maternal mortality rate. A clarification missing from Thierry’s statement: That national analysis took into account deaths not just at childbirth but during pregnancy and up to 42 days after delivery. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: As soon as Biden took office, he eliminated all subsidies for fossil fuels.
Speaker: bill o'reilly
About the speaker: Bill O'Reilly hosted The O'Reilly Factor on Fox News until 2017. He formerly worked as a television news reporter and has authored numerous books.
Date: March 15, 2022
Topics: environment;energy;federal budget;taxes;facebook fact-checks;punditfact
Context: a video on his website
Fact-check justification: O’Reilly said, "As soon as Biden took office, he eliminated all subsidies for fossil fuels." Biden did sign an executive order just days after taking office that required federal agencies to get rid of fossil fuel subsidies they had unilateral control over.  However, a large majority of subsidies can only be undone with the assent of Congress, and while Biden and congressional Democrats have urged Congress to do that, they have not been successful yet. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Today, American companies have nearly $2 trillion sitting on their balance sheets.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: February 7, 2011
Location: national
Topics: corporations;jobs
Context: a speech to the Chamber of Commerce
Fact-check justification: Still, no matter how you slice the data, the Federal Reserve statistics show that companies are holding on to much more cash and liquid assets than they have in years past, so Obama's broader point is valid. It was also presented in general enough terms -- "$2 trillion sitting on their balance sheets" -- that it is defensible as an accurate figure. But to the extent Obama's statement implies companies could readily invest that entire amount of money, it is . Less the amount needed to meet regular business expenses, the amount on the balance sheet that could be used to invest in business expansion (including hiring new workers) is actually much smaller. And so we knock Obama's statement down a notch to .
Statement: At (Mike Braun's) company, the deductible on his health care is $10,000.
Speaker: joe donnelly
About the speaker: Donnelly is a Democratic Congressman representing the Second District of Indiana. He is running for U.S. Senate in 2012.
Date: October 8, 2018
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Indiana Senate debate
Fact-check justification: Donnelly said, "At (Braun’s) company, the deductible on his health care is $10,000." The high-deductible health plan Braun offered full-time employees in 2018 had deductibles of $5,000 for individuals and $10,000 for families. We rate this statement .
Statement: My opponent's plan for people who commit sexual assault, sexual predators, is no jail time.
Speaker: byron brown
About the speaker: Byron Brown is the mayor of the city of Buffalo. He is a Democrat.
Date: September 26, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: criminal justice;public safety
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Brown said that Walton wants "no jail time" for sexual offenders.  Walton has talked about wanting to move away from punitive measures, and favors a restorative justice approach, where survivors have input into whether their assailants are locked up or make amends in the community. Walton’s preference for focusing on survivors and their needs does not mean she is proposing all sexual offenders stay out of jail.  We rate his  .