chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Ninety percent of the people in Arkansas still love Bill Clinton.
Speaker: donna brazile
About the speaker: A longtime Democratic political consultant and campaign manager for Al Gore’s 2000 presidential campaign. Currently a political commentator for CNN and frequent commentator on ABC's This Week with George Stephanopoulos.
Date: June 14, 2010
Location: national
Topics: elections;this week - abc news
Context: a statement on ABC News' 'This Week.'
Fact-check justification: But for Democratic primary voters, Brazile is on solid ground. She sent us a poll from Lake Research Partners of likely Democratic primary voters in Arkansas that found 86 percent had a favorable approval rating of Clinton. So Brazile was very close with her number, but she left out an important detail -- that it applied only to Democratic primary voters. Still, it was made in the context of a discussion about the Democratic primary. So we find her  .
Statement: There's a "coincidental correlation" between COVID-19 vaccines and a spike in cancer in adults younger than 50.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 16, 2022
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "We found that this risk is increasing with each generation," Shuji Ogino, one of the researchers, said in a press release about the study. Our rating An Instagram post implied a "coincidental correlation" between COVID-19 vaccines and a rise in early onset cancers in adults ages 20 to 49. There is no  that COVID-19 vaccines can cause cancer. Meanwhile, the report referred to in this  about a spike in cancer in people younger than 50 is based on data from 2000 to 2012, well before COVID-19. We rate this .
Statement: To be clear, all my investments are in a trust that I don't control.
Speaker: bruce rauner
About the speaker: Bruce Rauner was elected governor of Illinois in 2014. He became the first Republican governor in the state in 12 years upon his inauguration in January 2015. The gubernatorial campaign was Rauner's first foray into politics. He previously had been a principal at the private equity firm GTCR in Chicago.
Date: October 20, 2017
Location: illinois
Topics: ethics;transparency
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Rauner said, "To be clear, all my investments are in a trust that I don’t control." He was not being clear when he said his investments were held in trust. A quirk in Illinois ethics law means candidates can’t establish blind trusts like those used by federal officials, so Rauner’s investments are handled through a power of attorney granted to Roundtable Investment Partners. It’s not technically a "trust," as Rauner called it, but if he is following his "blind trust commitments" pledge, the power of attorney arrangement appears to come as close as Illinois law permits. The power of attorney system he established doesn’t legally prohibit him from contact with Roundtable, however, so he’ll have a hard time hiding behind it if pressure mounts to make the substance of this month’s lawsuit public. Rauner’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out some important details. We find it .
Statement: Says Congressman Jack Kingston voted to "raise his pay seven times.
Speaker: david perdue
About the speaker: David Perdue is running in the 2022 Republican primary for governor of Georgia. He was a U.S. Senator from January 2015 to January 2021. He has been the CEO of several businesses and is the cousin of former Georgia Gov. Sonny Perdue.
Date: July 8, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: congress
Context: radio and television ad
Fact-check justification: Congress has created a system that allows its members to receive annual raises without having to vote on them. Perdue is off base to say Kingston voted to raise his pay seven times. Kingston cast procedural votes -- with the majority -- that effectively allowed Congress’ automatic pay raises to stand in some years. Kingston did not cast direct votes to raise his pay as Perdue’s ads imply. When there was a direct vote to decline pay increases, Kingston voted with the majority to do just that eight times. There’s a bit of  to Perdue’s . But there’s even more context missing. We rate Perdue’s  .
Statement: The immigration proposal from the Gang of Eight "is not amnesty.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: April 14, 2013
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Rubio argues that the legislation outlining a 13-year pathway to legal status and eventually citizenship is not amnesty. He’s right that the bill does not offer blanket legal residency to unauthorized immigrants. The bill mandates fines, background checks and waiting periods, and it’s tougher than its 1986 predecessor. But it also offers a measure of clemency to those immigrants, who would not be required to return to their home countries. We rate Rubio’s statement .
Statement: Says Ford agreed to invest $900 million at an Ohio plant because Donald Trump "lowered taxes" and is now moving the project to Mexico because Joe Biden is "increasing taxes.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 23, 2021
Topics: transportation;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A post shared on Facebook claims that Trump "lowered taxes and in 2019 Ford made a commitment to invest $900 million at its Avon Lake, OH plant," and Biden is "increasing taxes and now the entire Ford project is moving to Mexico." There are signs that Ford might be shifting plans for manufacturing a new model of vehicle from Ohio to Mexico.  But there are no indications that Trump’s tax cuts led to the initial plans in Ohio or that Biden’s possible tax hikes had any role in a possible shift in those plans to Mexico. For a post that contains only an element of  and leaves out important context, our rating is .
Statement: Measles kills 11 people in 19 years (since 2000). MMR vaccine kills 445 infants in 1 year (since 2018).
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 4, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;health care;public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The information in the Facebook post is . We rate it ! Correction:  The measles vaccine was introduced in 1963. Previously, this story said it was introduced in 1993.
Statement: President Obama has the lowest public approval ratings of any president in modern times.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: September 22, 2011
Location: national
Topics: history;polls and public opinion
Context: Orlando
Fact-check justification: What about comparing only the first 968 days for each president? Bachmann’s closer with this one, but still . Here is a list of each president’s low point during that time frame: John F. Kennedy: 61 percent Dwight Eisenhower: 57 percent George H.W. Bush: 53 percent George W. Bush: 50 percent Richard Nixon: 48 percent Lyndon B. Johnson: 46 percent Barack Obama: 40 percent Bill Clinton: 37 percent Gerald Ford: 37 percent Ronald Reagan: 35 percent Harry Truman: 33 percent Jimmy Carter: 28 percent By this measure, five presidents had lows that were worse than Obama at this point in their presidencies. So Bachmann is far off either way. We're reaching for the matches: !
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton has "not answered a single question" about her immigration plan.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 31, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: immigration
Context: Phoenix
Fact-check justification: Trump said Clinton has "not answered a single question" about her immigration plan. We quickly found several instances of Clinton answering multiple questions about her immigration plan. Trump’s  is  and unfounded. We rate it ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/a8442017-8c71-4a56-b3f6-4313e6db605c
Statement: She stood by ground zero workers who sacrificed their health after so many sacrificed their lives and kept standing till this administration took action.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 4, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Soon after the attacks, Clinton and fellow New York Sen. Charles Schumer pushed legislation to aid New York City's recovery. She also has been a proponent of government programs to track the health of workers who were exposed to smoke and dust at the site. The doctors who monitored the workers' health credited Clinton with steering $12-million to a Centers for Disease Control program for that work. Clinton has testified at hearings on the health status of 9/11 workers, and she has publicly criticized the Environmental Protection Agency for its early statement that the air at the World Trade Center site was safe. There is considerable  that she has been active on issues to help and protect the workers, so we find her  to be .
Statement: The Trump Winery near Charlottesville, Va. is the "largest winery on the East Coast.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 8, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;trade
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Trump Winery is the "largest winery on the East Coast." It’s not, regardless of whether you measure it by acreage of vines or the production of wine. We rate Trump’s statement .
Statement: Anybody that wants a test (for the coronavirus) can get a test.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 6, 2020
Topics: health care;public health;health check;coronavirus
Context: remarks to reporters
Fact-check justification: This is . It is health care providers who make the call on who gets tested, based on recommendations from the CDC. There’s an increase in the number of tests being manufactured, but an increase in the availability of tests does not mean that "anybody that wants a test can get a test. "  Trump’s statement is  and a gross oversimplification of the facts. We rate it .
Statement: There are many health insurance plans that will cover Viagra but won't cover birth-control medication.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 7, 2008
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Washington, D.C
Fact-check justification: Planned Parenthood is using McCain's response with the Viagra vs. birth control issue, as captured on a YouTube video, in ads now running in six states. See it here. Back to Fiorina's statement that "there are many health insurance plans that will cover Viagra but won't cover birth-control medication." Efforts to force employers to cover birth control have failed in Congress, but state mandates and employee pressure force most companies to make such coverage available. We rule this .
Statement: The cost of a gas tank fill-up has risen $30 since Barack Obama became president.
Speaker: george allen
About the speaker: George Allen was a U.S. senator from 2001-2007. He was governor of Virginia from 1994-1998.
Date: February 6, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: energy;gas prices
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Allen said the cost of filling up a tank of gas costs $30 more now than when Obama took office. The price of a gallon of gas is nearly twice what it was when Obama took office. Allen’s use of the $30 figure is a bit of a broad brush, since that assumes the capacities of 18-20 gallon tanks, and many cars have smaller gas tanks. But we don’t think the $30 extra fill-up costs is an unreasonable figure to use, because it would be the higher cost for many cars on the road. But that doesn’t mean Obama is to blame for motorists’ pain at the pump. Analysts told us presidents in general have little impact on the gas prices. The numbers are correct. But Allen is misrepresenting the cause of the increase. Therefore, we rate the  .
Statement: President Obama was "raised Muslim.
Speaker: gordon robertson
About the speaker: Gordon Robertson is the chief executive officer of the Christian Broadcast Network in Virginia Beach, Virginia. He is the son of televangelist Pat Robertson, the founder of CBN.
Gordon Robertson was born in New York City in 1958 and reared in Portsmouth, Virginia. He graduated from Yale University, New Haven, Conn. in 1980 and has a law degree from Washington & Lee University, Lexington. He has practiced law in Norfolk, worked as executive producer of The 700 Club and is a member of CBN's board of directors.
Date: April 23, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: religion
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Obama’s own writings, independent biographies and news articles show he had a secular childhood. Sure, he went to an Indonesian school where most of the children were Muslim and there are accounts that he sometimes attended a mosque with his Islamic stepfather. But there is no  that the president was a practicing Muslim raised in the faith. By saying Obama was raised Muslim, Robertson is repeating a debunked . We rate his statement .
Statement: Asked about asylum seekers in camps in Mexico, "This is the first time ever you've had to seek asylum in a third country.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: August 6, 2020
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: an interview with members of NAHJ and NABJ
Fact-check justification: But experts said there were key differences between that agreement and the "Remain in Mexico" policy. Under the 2002 agreement, asylum seekers have to request protection in the first of the two countries they arrive in. If a person is able to submit an asylum  in the United States, they are not sent to Canada to wait for a decision on the U.S. case. Biden’s statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: The hour of sleep you lose during the change to daylight saving time might initially pose some health risks.
Speaker: joel keehn
About the speaker: Joel Keehn is senior editor at Consumer Reports Health Blog.
Date: March 11, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: science
Context: a blog
Fact-check justification: He made sure to point out the potential positives as well. Keehn cited one study to back up his positions, and there are others that do so as well. And while there is another study that shows how over the course of a year increased daylight prevents traffic accidents, these studies do not discount the temporary health effects caused by a sudden loss of sleep, nor do they attempt to. The blogger was precise in saying it was the loss of sleep that would cause health risks for a few days. We find Keehn’s statement .
Statement: Says David Jolly's former firm lobbied "for hundreds of millions (of dollars) for a dictator in Pakistan.
Speaker: democratic congressional campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is responsible for assisting Democratic candidates for the U.S. House.
Date: January 21, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: congress;foreign policy
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: The DCCC’s commercial charges that Jolly’s former firm lobbied "for hundreds of millions (of dollars) for a dictator in Pakistan." The ad uses guilt by association, leveraging a widespread American distaste for dictators in general -- and uneasiness with the U.S.-Pakistan relationship in particular -- in a quest to damage Jolly, who, in reality, was close to neither. On the other hand, the ad phrases its allegation carefully. It doesn’t  that Jolly himself lobbied for Pakistan, but rather that his former employer, Van Scoyoc Associates Inc., did. And on that point, the ad is correct. So too, experts say, is the ad’s description of Musharraf as a dictator. This ad treads close to the line, implying Jolly’s firm did something unethical when, so far as we know, it acted lawfully and as other lobbying firms regularly do. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Video shows Ron DeSantis arguing with Sean Hannity
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: August 11, 2022
Location: florida
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Burke noted that the "same five frames" of Hannity appear for about 90 seconds and that it's "daytime where Ron DeSantis is and nighttime where Sean Hannity is." A video appeared to show DeSantis arguing with Hannity about whether the search of Mar-a-Lago should be called a "raid." The footage pieced together separate interviews to make a satirical point about how DeSantis used the term "raid" differently for Trump than he did a coronavirus critic in 2020. It wasn't a real interview. We rate claims that say it was .
Statement: Ohio's judges, "compared to other similar states, are being woefully underpaid.
Speaker: bill seitz
About the speaker: Bill Seitz is a senator in the Ohio General Assembly, representing the 8th Senate District in Hamilton County. Seitz was appointed to the Senate in 2007. Prior to that he was a state representative, a township trustee from Green Township and a member of the Cincinnati board of education.
Date: January 10, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: public service;state budget
Context: an interview with the Columbus Dispatch
Fact-check justification: Saying that Ohio's judges are "woefully underpaid" is a matter of opinion that PolitiFact Ohio can't rate. That’s a point for clarification. But Seitz was accurate in asserting that Ohio's judges are paid less "compared to other similar states." They are, in fact, paid less at every level than are judges in most other states. On the -O-Meter, his statement rates .
Statement: The 2009-11 state budget that Democrats approved left Wisconsin taxpayers $3.6 billion in debt.
Speaker: jonathan steitz
About the speaker: Republican Jonathan Steitz is an attorney who unsuccessfully challenged Wisconsin state Sen. Bob Wirch, D-Pleasant Prairie, in a recall election in August of 2011.
Date: August 3, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Steitz claimed that the 2009-2011 budget approved by Democrats created a $3.6 billion debt for Walker and the new Republican Legislature. Under the state constitution, the state budget has to be balanced. While some phrased the shortfall for the next two-year budget as a deficit, it certainly was not a debt. That comes with borrowed money that must be repaid. We rate the statement .
Statement: The oil and natural gas industry provides or supports 141,600 jobs in Georgia.
Speaker: american petroleum institute
About the speaker: The American Petroleum Institute is a national trade association representing American oil and natural gas companies and industries.
Date: August 27, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: jobs
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The American Petroleum Institute recently released a series of press releases, drawing attention to the economic impact of the oil and gas industry on every state. Georgia, it said, has 141,600 jobs provided or supported by oil and gas. A 2011 report by PricewaterhouseCoopers backs up the number by looking at direct positions in the industry, supportive jobs and, accounting for most of the workers, all of the positions created from the industry and its supply chain. The math and economics are right – to a point. But careful examination of the report shows that 68 percent of the jobs counted as directly working in the oil and gas industry could just as easily be classified as retail workers. Adjusting the base number up by 29,146 workers, then, amplifies the number of jobs that support the industry or caters to its whims. The report is clear that it counts those positions, though. And the  takes care to say the industry "supports" that large number of workers. It’s accurate, but somewhat . We rate the  .