chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: History tells us that job growth always lags behind economic growth.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: November 6, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: remarks from the White House
Fact-check justification: The San Francisco Chronicle , relying on numbers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in August charted the lag between recessions' end and the peak of unemployment rates. In the eight recessions between 1949 and 1991, unemployment rates lagged by an average of about three months. After the last two, however, it took 15 months and 19 months, respectively, before unemployment rates peaked. Bottom line, President Obama is right when he cautions that employment has lagged behind economic recovery in the past. And so we rate his statement .
Statement: Total deaths from COVID MUCH LOWER than reported.
Speaker: youtube videos
About the speaker: Videos uploaded to YouTube.
Date: January 22, 2022
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: But that’s a  interpretation of the data. The U.K. report cited in the video clearly states that all 131,641 deaths — more than seven times what the video claims — were "due to COVID-19," meaning the virus was the underlying cause of death, even if the patients had preexisting health conditions that may have contributed. We rate this  . RELATED LINK: COVID-19 death toll has not been overcounte
Statement: Says opponent Chad Chadwell "wants condom techniques demonstrated to your children.
Speaker: tere mccann
About the speaker: In 2012, Tere McCann sought election to Place 2 on the Round Rock Independent School District Board of Trustees.
Date: October 30, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: education;sexuality
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: McCann said Chadwell "wants condom techniques demonstrated to your children." This statement has an element of  in that Chadwell supports a developing proposal that could lead to students from eighth grade into high school being taught about contraceptive methods, including condoms. However, Chadwell was not explicit about supporting classroom condom demonstrations, we learned. It’s notable, too, that the presenter who stirred board discussion declared that condom demonstrations are not part of the contemplated lesson. These critical facts are absent from McCann’s . All told, we see a gaping difference between supporting a lesson on various contraceptive methods and advocating show-and-tell condom demonstrations. We rate this  as .
Statement: Stop getting mammograms immediately as they are outdated and dangerous!" Thermography "is a safer way to test for breast cancer!
Speaker: david wolfe
About the speaker: David Wolfe is a lifestyle and wellness social media influencer.
Date: July 11, 2023
Topics: health care;women;facebook fact-checks;health check
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said, "Stop getting mammograms immediately as they are outdated and dangerous" and suggested thermography was a safer alternative for detecting breast cancer. The American Cancer Society, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force all recommend mammograms to screen for breast cancer. Experts told PolitiFact that they weren’t aware of experts or cancer-preventing organizations that have advised against mammograms, despite what the post suggested. Mammography is not without risks and drawbacks, but experts rebutted the idea that thermography screening alone has proved safer or more effective at detecting breast cancer. We rate this  . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: There was "serious voter fraud" in California.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 27, 2016
Location: california
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Donald Trump claimed "serious voter fraud" took place on Election Day in California. He offered no  backing up his statement and his press team did not respond specifically to a request about fraud in the state. Elections officials and nonpartisan observers in California said there were no widespread reports of voter fraud. The state has some of the most stringent voter verification laws in the country. Allegations of fraud are so rare that Los Angeles County, the state’s largest county, does not track them. PolitiFact New Hampshire examined Trump’s  that the Granite State also experienced "serious voter fraud." It described Trump’s statement as "reckless  with zero ," and rated it  after finding  there were "no complaints of voter fraud filed in an election in which more than 728,000 ballots were cast." Trump’s  about California voter fraud is equally reckless and without substantiation. We rate it .   – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/212609ba-7a41-42a0-bb8a-2368e2b5121e
Statement: The "mega-rich" pay about 15 percent in taxes, while the middle class "fall into the 15 percent and 25 percent income tax brackets, and then are hit with heavy payroll taxes to boot.
Speaker: warren buffett
About the speaker: Warren Buffett is an investor and philanthropist. He is the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., based in Omaha, Neb.
Date: August 14, 2011
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a "New York Times" op-ed
Fact-check justification: One final note: People who don't pay any income tax at all tend to have limited incomes, or they qualify for enough deductions -- think of child tax credits and mortgage interest -- that they have no income. When Buffett talks about people in the middle class who pay more taxes than he does, he's thinking of people who make much higher than average salaries. So when it comes to Buffett's statement, there are two categories: the rich and the  really  rich. And the  tends to point to the conclusion that the  really  rich pay less in taxes as a percentage of income then their merely well-to-do counterparts -- if their income comes primarily from investments. Overall, we rate Buffett's statement .
Statement: Says that Sen. Sherrod Brown is "out there egging on a lot of these protesters who are spitting on policemen and going to the bathroom on policemen's cars at these protests on Wall Street and other places.
Speaker: josh mandel
About the speaker: Josh Mandel, a Republican from Lyndhurst, is a Marine veteran who served two tours in Iraq. He served as Ohio treasurer from 2011 to 2019.  Before that, he was a state representative from the 17th Ohio House District. He unsuccessfully challenged Democratic incumbent Sherrod Brown in the 2012 US Senate race. Mandel is running for the GOP nomination for an Ohio U.S. Senate seat in 2022.
Date: November 14, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: civil rights;economy
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: On a conservative radio program Monday, Ohio Treasurer Josh Mandel let loose a provocative attack on U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown, whose job he hopes to snag next year.
Statement: Says more than $3.5 billion in state revenue that is supposed to be dedicated to basic needs and functions is being diverted to "make the books look balanced.
Speaker: kirk watson
About the speaker: Kirk Watson, who initially won his seat in the Texas Senate in 2006, was previously mayor of Austin. Earlier, he served on the Texas Air Control Board, precursor to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. He was the 2002 Democratic nominee for Texas attorney general.
Date: November 15, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: state budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: "At the end of the story," Ogden said, "the obvious answer is a tax overhaul in the state of Texas. We really have a pretty rickety system right now." Bottom line: Watson accurately recaps the amount of money allocated from specific-purpose accounts for the 2010-11 state budget. But the shifting of funds doesn't just look like a book-balancing; it's for real. We rate Watson's statement .
Statement: A recent stomach virus outbreak at the beleaguered Quincy Veterans' Home shows Gov. Bruce Rauner "is letting persistent health issues jeopardize the wellbeing of our nation's heroes.
Speaker: jb pritzker
About the speaker: J.B. Pritzker is Illinois' 43rd governor and a former Chicago venture capitalist and entrepreneur.
Date: March 30, 2018
Location: illinois
Topics: public health;veterans
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Pritzker’s March 30 tweet held out a recent norovirus outbreak that sickened two dozen individuals at a state-run veterans’ facility in Quincy as  of how Rauner had been "letting persistent health issues jeopardize the wellbeing of our nation’s heroes." Rauner has been under fire for his administration’s handling of deadly outbreaks of Legionnaires’ disease at the facility. Yet unlike Legionnaires’, which is contracted by inhaling water vapor contaminated with the bacteria, the stomach bug state health officials suspect caused the latest Quincy health problems is spread from person to person, rendering a case for structural mismanagement something of a stretch. Norovirus spreads most frequently in closed environments like nursing homes and assisted living facilities such as Quincy. There is no specific cure for it, meaning the response from care providers is largely limited to isolating patients, casting doubt on what Rauner or his administration could have done to prevent or eliminate it. Asked how Rauner bears blame for the gastroenteritis outbreak, Pritzker’s campaign did not directly respond, instead attempting to characterize it as further  after the Legionnaires’ problems at Quincy that the Republican should not be trusted to handle any health issue at the state facility. That conflates two very different epidemiological challenges, and leaves an impression--disputed by experts--that more could have, and should have, been done to stop the spread of norovirus at Quincy. For that, we rate Pritzker’s  as .
Statement: The five most-endangered hospitals in the country are all in (North Carolina).
Speaker: jeff jackson
About the speaker: Jeff Jackson represents the Charlotte area in the North Carolina state senate.
Date: October 11, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: health care
Context: a candidate forum
Fact-check justification: Jackson said: "The five most-endangered hospitals in the country are all in our state." North Carolina does have financially vulnerable hospitals. A 2020 report from The Chartis Group found six North Carolina hospitals to be among 216 of the nation’s "most vulnerable." A Sheps Center also found financially-vulnerable hospitals in North Carolina. But there is no ranking among these hospitals. And, based on available data, it’s  for Jackson to suggest that the situation is more dire for rural hospitals in North Carolina than it is for those in other states. Jackson’s spokesman acknowledged that Jackson misspoke. What Jackson did say has an element of , but certainly leaves out critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: Keystone Pipeline was blocked by Obama on Warren Buffett's behalf.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 27, 2021
Topics: environment;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims the Keystone Pipeline was blocked by Obama to benefit Buffett. That’s . The Keystone XL Pipeline has been blocked multiple times for climate, economic, and perceived national-interest reasons. We don’t find  that the decision was intended to benefit Buffett.  Buffett, in fact, supported its construction. We rate this  . RELATED VIDEO
Statement: A robot with artificial intelligence "self-terminated" after 15 minutes of manual labor.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 6, 2023
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook reel
Fact-check justification: A May 6 Facebook reel shows a robot moving boxes and suddenly collapsing. "The AI (artificial intelligence) experienced 15 minutes of wage slavery and then immediately killed itself after determining it as the logical choice," text on the video reads. "Even AI knows that repetitive passionless work drains your life force." The post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.)
Statement: Ohio has one of the highest provisional ballot rates in the country, and many of them go uncounted each election.
Speaker: kathleen clyde
About the speaker: Kathleen Clyde was elected to the Ohio House of Representatives in November 2010. Her 68th District includes the majority of Portage County. She currently resides in Kent.
 
Date: January 27, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: elections
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: In 2008, nearly 40,000 provisional ballots, just under 20 percent, were rejected in Ohio. In the 2010 election, More than 11,000, slightly more than 11 percent, were rejected. Only three states rejected more ballots. Among states larger than Ohio, Texas, New York, Florida and Pennsylvania all had fewer provisional ballots and fewer rejections. On the -O-Meter, Clyde’s statement rates .
Statement: There are a lot of casinos across the country that have gone bankrupt.
Speaker: robert jacquard
About the speaker: Rhode Island state Rep. Robert Jacquard is a Democrat who represents District 17 in Cranston.
Date: March 6, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: bankruptcy;economy;gambling;state budget;states
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Gambling is a boom or bust industry. Even when times are good, casinos fail. And when times are bad, even more fail. As Schwartz told us, casinos "definitely are not a sure thing." Good management matters  -- a point Jacquard made as well. We rate Jacquard’s statement . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Having "biological boys … in their locker rooms" is a reason why "a third of our teenage girls seriously contemplated suicide last year.
Speaker: nikki haley
About the speaker: Nikki Haley announced on Feb. 14, 2023 that she is running for president in the Republican primary. Haley was the governor of South Carolina 2011-2017 and then served as President Donald Trump's ambassador to the UN in 2017 and 2018.
Date: June 4, 2023
Topics: education;lgbtq;sports;women
Context: a CNN town hall
Fact-check justification: Haley said the presence of "biological boys" in girls’ locker rooms is a reason why "a third of our teenage girls seriously contemplated suicide last year." Teen girls today are experiencing rising rates of suicidal ideation. However, there is no research that suggests this is being caused by the presence of trans athletes in locker rooms. Research points to other causes, including feelings of isolation or loneliness, feeling like a burden on others, difficulty navigating parental and family relationships and pressures from constant exposure to social media. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg says "we can only have three bullets" and "the NRA wants firearms with nukes on them.
Speaker: wayne lapierre
About the speaker: Wayne LaPierre is executive vice president of the National Rifle Association.
Date: March 24, 2013
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;civil rights;guns
Context: an interview on NBC’s Meet the Press
Fact-check justification: LaPierre claimed that Bloomberg has said "we can only have three bullets" and "the NRA wants firearms with nukes on them." He’s partially right. Bloomberg suggested on MSNBC that the NRA would support the right to carry a cannon firing nuclear warheads — but his point was that the organization always supports gun rights, not that it was actively promoting nuclear weapons. And while he hasn’t formally proposed a three-bullet maximum, he does support banning magazines that hold more than 10 rounds and has said anyone who needs more than three is "a pretty lousy shot." LaPierre hits the target, but it’s no bull’s-eye. We rate his  .
Statement: 14 percent of noncitizens are registered to vote.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 22, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: Cleveland, Ohio
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "14 percent of noncitizens are registered to vote." Trump is citing a study that has been refuted by the experts who actually gathered the underlying data. Trump’s remark references an unreliable data point that uses a small sample size to represent an entire population. We rate Trump’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/b00f8cd4-4d2f-4b4c-b351-8f8095ff385f
Statement: The total unemployment rate for Hispanic or Latino workers has increased from 10% to 10.3%" between January 2009 and March 2012.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: April 20, 2012
Location: national
Topics: jobs
Context: a graphic released by his campaign
Fact-check justification: The Romney campaign said that "the total unemployment rate for Hispanic or Latino workers has increased from 10% to 10.3%" between January 2009 and March 2012. The numbers the Romney team cites are accurate, but they may not be statistically significant, and if you use equally plausible time frames, the numbers tell a dramatically different story. These amount to missing critical facts that would have given a different impression. That's our definition of .
Statement: Says photos show a "boneyard" of electric cars abandoned in France because the cars' batteries were too expensive to replace.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 16, 2021
Topics: environment;technology;transportation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Well two reasons. First the battery storage cells cost almost double what the vehicle cost new, and second no landfill or disposals will allow the batteries to be disposed of there. So these green fairy tale electric cars are all sitting in vacant lots while their batteries drain toxins into the ground. Still think we need to go green??? Very interesting."
Statement: Look, I believe in accountability. In 1983, I led the effort in Arkansas to improve our schools.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 13, 2007
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: a forum hosted by Slate/Yahoo/Huffington Post
Fact-check justification: "She shepherded it through and was absolutely instrumental in getting it approved through the legislative process and accepted in general by the public," said Peggy Nabors, president of the state teachers union at the time, who now is leaning toward supporting Clinton for president. The state has made many education reforms since, and its national ranking has risen to the middle of the pack. Arkansas School Boards Association executive director Dan Farley, a Clinton backer, said the 1983 initiative lit the flame for such changes in a state that didn't have education on its front burner before. "We still have a way to go," he said. "But the earliest flickering started then."
Statement: John McCain worries about nuclear waste in Arizona, but not in Nevada.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 9, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: What is clear is that the Obama campaign edited the video in a way that omits the main point of McCain's statement. McCain was making a logical case for Yucca Mountain based on issues of safety and security. Whether you agree with his views or not, it's clear from the interview that he supports the project for substantive reasons that have little to do with keeping nuclear waste out of his home state. The ad makes McCain appear to support a simplistic "not in my backyard" argument, which distorts his views significantly. For these reasons, we find the statement that McCain is worried about nuclear waste in Arizona but not in Nevada to be .