chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The Iran deal says that "if any other country tries to undermine (Iran's) nuclear program, we have to help them defend themselves against Israel, Egypt, Saudis, our own allies.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: July 22, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: israel;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Rubio said that according to the Iran deal, "if any other country tries to undermine (Iran’s) nuclear program, we have to help them defend themselves against Israel, Egypt, Saudis, our own allies." The  rests on an interpretation of a provision that the U.S. and other partners are prepared where "appropriate" to cooperate with training to strengthen Iran’s ability to protect against and respond to nuclear security threats, including sabotage. But this provision is targeted at terrorists and saboteurs, not "countries" as Rubio put it, and certainly not toward such U.S. allies as Israel, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. Kerry made clear that that’s how the administration is interpreting it. And even if you adopt Rubio’s more expansive interpretation, nothing in the agreement says the United States will "have to" offer assistance, as Rubio puts it; the language of the provision offers significant wiggle room surrounding who, if anyone, might provide such assistance. We rate the  .
Statement: Says U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson "voted to cut $700m from Medicare.
Speaker: moveon.org
About the speaker: MoveOn.org is a left-leaning political advocacy group. It endorsed Sen. Barack Obama for the Democratic nomination.
Date: June 11, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;medicare;trade
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The twist (and a primary source of complaint): In the new scenario, the Medicare money would go toward something not related to health care . Our rating Moveon.org criticized Johnson, saying he voted to cut $700 million from Medicare. But the $700 million budget reduction would not go into effect until 2025 and to say Medicare is being cut when it is still expected to grow by hundreds of billions of dollars is  at best. Our definition of  is "The statement contain some element of , but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression." That fits here.
Statement: The governor switched his position once again on offshore oil drilling.
Speaker: kendrick meek
About the speaker: Kendrick Meek is a former U.S. Representative for Congressional District 17 in Miami, serving from 2003 to 2011. He campaigned for the U.S. Senate and was defeated on Nov. 2, 2010.
Date: April 29, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: environment;energy;oil spill
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: The April 20, 2010 spill convinced him it wasn't, and as a result, Crist again became opposed. We don't think that's necessarily the same as two flip flops. Crist decided to to explore the possibility of offshore drilling in 2008 after years of rejecting it out of hand (flip 1), but ended that examination after seeing the devastation in the Gulf of Mexico after the April 20 spill. That might be one and a half, but that's not a second flip. As a result, we rate Meek's statement .
Statement: The small cell bill is expected to create more than 20,000 jobs and attract $2 billion in capital investment, resulting in nearly $4 billion in economic growth over the next few years.
Speaker: caleb rowden
About the speaker: Caleb Rowden is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives representing District 44.
Date: October 1, 2018
Location: missouri
Topics: economy;technology
Context: a legislative report mailer
Fact-check justification: Caleb Rowden said that "the small cell bill is expected to create more than 20,000 jobs and attract $2 billion in capital investment, resulting in nearly $4 billion in economic growth over the next few years." Rowden is relying on estimated numbers of 50 cities in Missouri to give an outlook of the state in relation to total 5G deployment, not just small cell legislation. Rowden’s numbers are  accurate to the study, however, it goes beyond his  to look at the benefits of 5G deployment as a whole, and not just the deployment of small cells. Essentially, the bill opens the possibility for more than 20,000 jobs, $2 billion in capital investment and $4 billion in economic growth, but won't be the sole cause of it. For those reasons, we rate his statement .
Statement: Under the new health care law, "the first person (a) patient has to go to is a bureaucrat. That is called a panel.
Speaker: john raese
About the speaker: John Raese is president and CEO of Greer Industries, a steel and limestone company in Morgantown, West Virginia. He was the Republican candidate in a special election to fill the unexpired term of the late Sen. Robert Byrd in 2010, losing to Democrat and then-Gov. Joe Manchin. Raese is the former chairman of the West Virginia Republican Party and has run several statewide campaigns.
Date: October 18, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care;message machine 2010
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: We usually accept a bit of overstatement if it's in the vein of artistic license. But Raese's statement is a gross distortion, along the lines of his subsequent  that the law is " pure, unadulterated socialism ." (The law preserves the private-sector health care insurance for most Americans who already have it, and lawmakers rejected a single-payer model early on.) We see Raese's  as yet another attempt to demonize the health care law by twisting the facts beyond recognition. We rate it .
Statement: Says Chuck Hagel has called for "an end to our nuclear program.
Speaker: americans for a strong defense
About the speaker: Americans for a Strong Defense is a 501(c)4 that opposes the Chuck Hagel nomination for U.S. Secretary of Defense. Its website states its mission as "to promote policies that will ensure the United States remains secure and continues to be in a position to maintain security commitments to our allies."
Date: January 21, 2013
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;nuclear
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The ad paints a picture of a "dangerous world" in which countries including Iran and North Korea are ready to attack the United States, while Hagel wants to back down and put "an end to our nuclear program." The ad leaves viewers with the  impression that Hagel wants to quickly shutter our nuclear program -- regardless of the nuclear ambitions of other countries, including our foes. Hagel has called for the eventual elimination of nuclear weapons, but with some major caveats the ad ignores. He is a supporter of Global Zero, which has called for worldwide elimination by 2030. The report he co-authored calls for reducing the U.S. stockpile to 900 nuclear warheads by 2022, but it says that the best way to achieve that reduction is together with Russia and other countries.   We rate this ad .
Statement: If you are a hard-working law-abiding citizen who earns $80,000, you don't get a stimulus check. But if you are a convicted murderer or rapist sitting in jail, you do.
Speaker: nicole malliotakis
About the speaker: Nicole Malliotakis lives in New York City and is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 2021. Her district includes Staten Island and part of Brooklyn. 
Date: March 8, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: congress;stimulus
Context: a Tweet
Fact-check justification: But this is  only if you file taxes as an individual.  If you file jointly with your spouse, you could earn $80,000 and get a stimulus check if your spouse earns less and your combined income is less than $160,000. Her  about jail inmates receiving stimulus payments is correct, as long as they are under the income limits. This was also  of the CARES Act, enacted under the Trump administration.   Because her  is accurate but needs clarification and additional information, we rate it .
Statement: We provided terrorists in Iraq more rights and due process in the Central Criminal Court of Iraq" than House Democratic leadership has afforded President Donald Trump in the impeachment inquiry.
Speaker: greg steube
About the speaker: Greg Steube was first elected to Congress in 2018 to represent Florida’s 17th District which spans Charlotte, DeSoto, Glades, Hardee, Highlands, and Okeechobee counties, as well parts of Sarasota, Lee, and Polk counties. He was first elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 2010. He is an Army veteran and lives in Sarasota.
Date: December 4, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: congress;impeachment
Context: a House judiciary committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Steube said, "We provided terrorists in Iraq more rights and due process in the Central Criminal Court of Iraq then" House Democratic leadership has afforded President Donald Trump. This is a  comparison between two entirely different types of venues — criminal cases in Iraq and the impeachment inquiry in the U.S. House.  Trump is not yet on trial. The House’s role is akin to a grand jury, a place where prosecutors — or in this case, House members — decide whether to proceed with a case. If the House approves articles of impeachment, then it will go to the Senate for a trial. It is in that venue where Trump would be afforded due process rights. Also, there is some question about whether Iraqis really had due process rights in the Central Criminal Court of Iraq. This statement rates .
Statement: Every poll you see, the overwhelming majority of people want [E-Verify].
Speaker: peter palumbo
About the speaker: Peter Palumbo was a Rhode Island state representative whose district included Cranston. He served in the legislature from 1994 until he was defeated for reelection in 2014. Prior to that he was a Cranston City Councilman for five years.
Date: March 20, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: immigration;polls and public opinion;workers
Context: a talk radio show
Fact-check justification: Palumbo said that "every poll" shows "overwhelming support" for E-Verify. Obviously, we can’t guarantee that we found every poll on E-Verify. But we did find several, some conducted by independent pollsters, others financed by groups that favor stronger enforcement of immigration laws. All of the polls that we found -- both national surveys and others conducted in Rhode Island -- showed strong support for E-Verify, ranging from 66 percent of respondents in favor to 88 percent. We rule Palumbo’s statement . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Pelosi tried to block voter ID/absentee ballot protections.
Speaker: david lewis
About the speaker: David Lewis is a Republican member of the N.C. House of Representatives from Harnett County. He chairs the Rules Committee and the Elections Committee and is a top budget-writer.
Date: March 26, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections;voter id laws;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Lewis tweeted that "Pelosi tried to block voter ID/absentee ballot protections."  The tweet is vague and could give the  impression that the bill supported by Pelosi and House Democrats nullifies an existing in-person voter ID law. That’s not the case. However, Lewis is correct that the bill would strip away some of North Carolina’s existing absentee ballot laws. We rate this  .
Statement: If the experiences in Colorado and Washington are the experiences we have here, roadway deaths are going to go up, impaired driving is likely to go up.
Speaker: thomas anderson
About the speaker: Thomas Anderson is Vermont's Public Safety Commissioner.
Date: December 13, 2018
Location: vermont
Topics: marijuana
Context: a meeting
Fact-check justification: A study released in October by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) and Highway Loss Data Institute (HLDI), estimated that the rate of car crashes rose a combined 6 percent following the start of retail sales of recreational cannabis in Colorado, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Our Ruling Based on our research, Anderson’s statement that roadway deaths and impaired driving rates have gone up in Washington and Colorado is correct. But his implication that a legal recreational cannabis market is responsible for the uptick in impaired driving and traffic deaths has not been proven.   While the studies do not prove that legal recreational cannabis markets are the cause of impaired driving and traffic death increases in Colorado or Washington, it does serve as a "solid indicator" that cannabis can impact driver safety.   We rule Anderson’s statement is .
Statement: Says he has sued the Obama administration 25 times.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: April 27, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: environment;civil rights;legal issues;redistricting
Context: Austin
Fact-check justification: Abbott said, "I’ve sued the Obama administration now 25 times." Since Obama became president, Texas has filed or been a party to 27 lawsuits against the federal government. This statement is .
Statement: Maxine Waters Is Getting Criminally Charged!
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 28, 2018
Topics: fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: a blog post headline
Fact-check justification: "A police report could trigger a criminal charge if a prosecutor brought the charges to a grand jury and they chose to pursue it," Kathleen Clark, a law professor at Washington University, told us. "But the mere filing of a complaint by an individual who feels aggrieved does not constitute a criminal charge." Bloggers said Waters is getting criminally charged. But that’s a misreading of what happened, and how the U.S. criminal justice system works. We rate this statement .
Statement: Nancy Pelosi said "Congress shall not vote remotely because it is not secure!" while also saying that "Americans should all vote for president by mail!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 10, 2020
Topics: congress;elections;technology;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed Pelosi said "Congress shall not vote remotely because it is not secure!" while also saying that "Americans should all vote for president by mail!" Pelosi is a prominent supporter of voters casting ballots by mail. Initially, she raised concerns about House members voting remotely and said the House was not ready, but weeks before the post her tone changed and she backed a measure that requires a House committee to study the feasibility of using technology for remote voting. The post contains only an element of . We rate it .
Statement: Broward County Sheriff fired for lying about Parkland.
Speaker: yournewswire.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: July 3, 2018
Topics: fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: If Scott removes Israel, a Democrat, he could appoint a replacement in the Democratic-majority county . ( Scott , a Republican, is running against Democrat U.S. Sen. Bill Nelson in the Nov. 6 election.) PolitiFact evaluates information using on-the-record sources and information as of the time that a person or website makes a . At the time of this fact-check, he has not been fired. We rate this headline .
Statement: Says Bill White is refusing to debate.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: August 18, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Perry was absent. Perry can rightly say that White hasn't made public all the tax returns Perry has sought, and he can score political points doing so. But he can't truthfully  White has refused to debate him, because he hasn't — and by all accounts, will not. Somebody get a match. We rate Perry's statement !
Statement: Kamala Harris is planning to use the 25th Amendment against Joe Biden and appoint Mike Pence as her vice president.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 7, 2021
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It’s especially unfathomable that Harris, a Democrat, would nominate Pence, a Republican, as her vice president if she replaced Biden. If that were to happen, and Harris were then to leave the office of the president, she would effectively hand over power to the other party — Pence would become the new president.   The  that Harris plans to oust Biden and appoint Pence as her vice president is . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Says President Donald Trump has been "taking money Congress authorized to protect people facing disaster in order to indefinitely detain asylum seekers.
Speaker: pete buttigieg
About the speaker: Pete Buttigieg is the Transportation secretary under President Joe Biden. Buttigieg was elected mayor of South Bend, Ind., in 2011 and was re-elected in 2015. He decided not to seek re-election and his term ended in January 2020. From 2009 to 2017, he served in the U.S. Navy Reserve and was a lieutenant. He received a bachelor’s degree in history and literature from Harvard College and a first-class honors bachelor’s degree in philosophy, politics and economics from Pembroke College as a Rhodes Scholar. He ran for president in the 2020 Democratic primaries.
Date: August 28, 2019
Location: national
Topics: immigration;federal budget;natural disasters 
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Buttigieg said Trump has been "taking money Congress authorized to protect people facing disaster in order to indefinitely detain asylum seekers." Buttigieg was correct about the money shift, which involves more than $158 million being taken from FEMA accounts. But he exaggerated somewhat when he said the funds taken from FEMA would be used "to indefinitely detain asylum seekers." That policy has been blocked by a federal judge, and all but a small fraction of the money taken from FEMA would be used for building new facilities for immigration hearings, not for indefinite detention. We rate the statement .
Statement: This is the slowest job recovery since Hoover.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: June 16, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;history;jobs
Context: an appearance at a Tampa coffee shop
Fact-check justification: Romney has a point that the current recovery is relatively weak by historical standards. But it’s  to say that "it’s the slowest job recovery since Hoover." Depending on what yardstick you use, it’s either the third worst or the fifth worst recovery since World War II. That’s not a great accomplishment for the Obama Administration, but we’re checking Romney here, and he chose to make his point in a way that isn’t accurate. So we rate the  .
Statement: You know what Amazon paid in federal income taxes last year? Zero.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 30, 2018
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "You know what Amazon paid in federal income taxes last year? Zero." We can’t know that for certain until we see Amazon’s tax return. But experts say the closest estimate is that Amazon indeed paid zero in federal income taxes. In fact, Amazon estimates a $137 million rebate. Experts said there was no indication of foul play. The tax credits and write-offs for stock-based compensation that enabled this were passed by Congress. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says New Jersey Devils managing partner Jeff Vanderbeek "took us into arbitration.
Speaker: cory booker
About the speaker: Cory Booker is a senator from New Jersey. He was first elected to the Senate in 2013, making him the first African-American senator from New Jersey and the first African-American elected to the Senate since Barack Obama in 2004. Booker served as mayor of Newark from 2006 until 2013. He has a bachelor's degree in political science and a master’s degree in sociology from Stanford University, an honors degree in United States history from The Queens College as a Rhodes Scholar and a J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and suspended his campaign in January 2020.
Date: April 4, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: city government
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: At an April 4 news conference outside the Prudential Center, Booker claimed twice that Vanderbeek "took us into arbitration." But as a spokeswoman for the mayor acknowledged, the Newark Housing Authority initiated the arbitration process. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: I have asked the Division of Emergency Management to report directly to me.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: March 8, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: his State of the State speech
Fact-check justification: Scott took time during his first State of the State speech to say that he wants to have the Division of Emergency Management "report directly to me." By statute, it already does. All that seems to be changing is where the division is housed for budgeting purposes. He's really just redrawing lines on an org chart, and it's not as groundbreaking a change as it sounds. We rate this  .