chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says a photo shows an ambushed Los Angeles police officer and that the NFL intends to "honor and praise the organization" that stood outside of the hospital chanting, "We hope she dies.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 13, 2020
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks;california
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Some players took a knee as the national anthem played. Some wore shoes or shirts that said, "End racism," or "No justice, no peace." Both slogans are common within the Black Lives Matter movement, but in no way did any player or the NFL honor the protesters outside the Los Angeles hospital. The sheriff’s department said it has tied no organization to the protesters who gathered outside the hospital. We rate this post .
Statement: Says for otherwise healthy people "experiencing mild to moderate respiratory symptoms with or without a COVID-19 diagnosis … only high temperatures kill a virus, so let your fever run high," but not over 103 or 104 degrees.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 28, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post advises that generally healthy people "experiencing mild to moderate respiratory symptoms with or without a COVID-19 diagnosis" should "let your fever run high" to kill a coronavirus. Generally speaking, a fever under 103 degrees doesn’t necessarily need treatment. But that depends on other factors, such as age, underlying health conditions and other symptoms.  Higher temperatures and persistent fevers are dangerous. And it isn’t yet known whether a fever might help the body fight the novel coronavirus, as it does other viruses. The advice on letting a fever run high to fight the coronavirus, even with generally healthy people and mild to moderate respiratory symptoms, is too broad. We rate it .
Statement: Wisconsin's criminal threshold for drunken-driving is "way out of line" with "states surrounding us," which "have the second offense as a felony.
Speaker: alberta darling
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Sen. Alberta Darling, R-River Hills, served in the state Assembly from 1990 to 1992 and has served in the state Senate since 1992. She survived a recall election in August 2011 by defeating state Rep. Sandy Pasch (D-Whitefish Bay).
Date: August 15, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: alcohol;criminal justice;state budget;transportation
Context: legislative testimony
Fact-check justification: In contrast to Wisconsin, where fourth offense can be a felony, four out of five of the state’s closest neighbors make it a felony faster than Wisconsin. But only one does so at the second offense as Darling said. Three put the threshold at third offense, and another puts it at fourth, as in Wisconsin. There is a gap between Wisconsin and neighboring states, so there’s an element of  here, but for the most part that gap is not as wide as Darling said. We rate her  .
Statement: Religious groups like Knights of Columbus have been forced to allow same-sex marriage ceremonies in their facilities, against their beliefs.
Speaker: national organization for marriage
About the speaker: The National Organization for Marriage (NOM) is a nonprofit group founded in 2007 that is devoted to protecting traditional marriage and opposing proposals to legalize same-sex marriage.
Date: January 17, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: families;legal issues;race and ethnicity;lgbtq;marriage;religion
Context: a newspaper ad
Fact-check justification: The National Organization for Marriage-Rhode Island said in a newspaper advertisement that "religious groups like Knights of Columbus have been forced to allow same-sex marriage ceremonies in their facilities, against their beliefs." But the Knights of Columbus incident cited as proof by Plante, NOM’s regional coordinator, was from Canada and did not support its . Neither did the second example it cited. Nor the third. NOM made a strongly worded  on the eve of a key vote that was meant to influence voters -- and their legislators. We can’t predict what could happen under same-sex marriage laws in the future. But we can rule on claims that are so far from the . The judges rule . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Says George LeMieux "falsely attacked Marco Rubio.
Speaker: adam hasner
About the speaker: Adam Hasner, R-Delray Beach, is a former Majority Leader for the Florida House of Representatives.
Date: June 10, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: an Internet ad
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact Florida previously ruled that Rubio's plan was a tax decrease so there's no doubt it is a  attack. Our only quibble is that the ad failed to explain what Hasner was talking about -- so viewers are left guessing. Our definition of  is that "The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information." That's a good fit in this case. We rate Hasner's statement .
Statement: In the latest jobs numbers Wisconsin "ranked third in the Midwest.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: August 25, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;message machine 2014
Context: a campaign television ad
Fact-check justification: : If the  is that State X added more jobs than State Y, the statement may have limited information value. Look for percentage growth figures that level the playing field among states of varying sizes. Check the map: When the  is "best in the region," trust but verify. Are all relevant states included? Scrutinize the sector: Most claims focus on just the private sector, but sometimes partisans will add in public employees if it suits their purpose.
Statement: Make no mistake -- Sherrod Brown is one of the main D.C. politicians responsible for Ohio jobs moving to China.
Speaker: josh mandel
About the speaker: Josh Mandel, a Republican from Lyndhurst, is a Marine veteran who served two tours in Iraq. He served as Ohio treasurer from 2011 to 2019.  Before that, he was a state representative from the 17th Ohio House District. He unsuccessfully challenged Democratic incumbent Sherrod Brown in the 2012 US Senate race. Mandel is running for the GOP nomination for an Ohio U.S. Senate seat in 2022.
Date: March 1, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: trade
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: We find Mandel’s  was overly broad; dead  in the case of his most concrete backup examples and, overall, just not accurate. It was bold. It was audacious. But put under a microscope, it turned out to be , which is a requirement for heating up the -O-Meter. !
Statement: Says he saw videotape "of the people taking the money off the plane" to pay ransom to Iran for hostages.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 3, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Daytona Beach, Fla
Fact-check justification: Trump said he had seen videotape "of the people taking the money off the plane" to pay ransom to Iran for hostages. He and his campaign now acknowledge that they were referring to a different video -- of the hostages themselves being freed -- that did not include any transfer of money from a plane. We rate the  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/456f3bc6-22e7-451f-9682-f90df66fadd2
Statement: Say President Donald Trump "dictated a short but accurate response to the New York Times article" about the Trump Tower meeting with Russians.
Speaker: president trump's lawyers
About the speaker: Lawyers representing President Donald Trump.
Date: January 29, 2018
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;foreign policy
Context: a memo
Fact-check justification: The White House legal document said that then-candidate Trump "dictated a short but accurate response to the New York Times article" about the Trump Tower meeting with Russians. The accuracy of the statement was , at least. The statement's most  suggestion was that the meeting was primarily about Russian adoptions. That wasn't what the Trump officials came to hear about, and adoptions weren't atop the list of topics for the Russian figures, either. There was a significant amount of discussion about the Magnitsky Act sanctions and allegations of wrongdoing by the act’s champion. Further, the initial statement obscured what we now know about Trump Jr.’s motivation for taking the meeting: the prospect of compromising material on Clinton from the Russians. We rate the statement .
Statement: Polio wasn't eradicated in the United States by a vaccine.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 23, 2023
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Polio predates DDT, which was first synthesized in 1874, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Polio has existed since prehistoric times , the World Health Organization says. The first known clinical description of polio dates back to 1789 and it was formally recognized as a disease in 1840.   The disease is caused by the poliovirus , not DDT, and spreads through person-to-person contact.   We rate claims that the vaccine wasn’t responsible for eliminating polio in the United States and banning DDT are .
Statement: More than half of all drivers' licenses issued in California this year have gone to illegal aliens.
Speaker: numbersusa
About the speaker: NumbersUSA is an advocacy group that promotes reduced immigration.
Date: July 22, 2015
Topics: immigration;transportation;punditfact
Context: a Facebook meme
Fact-check justification: The group NumbersUSA said that this year, more than half of all drivers' licenses issued in California went to undocumented immigrants. By the state’s own tally, that is correct. What the group doesn’t mention is that this is the result of a substantial state effort. First, lawmakers made it possible for over a million unauthorized residents to apply for a license, and then the state spent millions of dollars to speed the application process. The statement had the right numbers but needs additional information. We rate the  .
Statement: Biden orders VA to withhold benefits from unvaccinated veterans.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 13, 2021
Topics: veterans;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The headline comes from DelawareOhioNews.com, which says on its site that "everything on this website is made up" and advises readers to "not rely on anything said here. "  Which means the  in the blog post that Biden signed an executive order requiring veterans to have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine by Nov. 1 or lose their health care benefits isn’t rooted in reality.   Biden gave a speech and issued an executive order on Sept. 9 detailing his plan to require more Americans to get the COVID-19 vaccine. Neither the speech nor the order mentioned vaccine requirements for veterans. We rate claims that this is a real news headline !
Statement: Wisconsin is "dead last in income growth" among midwestern states during Gov. Scott Walker's term.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 14, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;income;workers
Context: various blogs and Internet comments
Fact-check justification: The quarterly figures do put Wisconsin at the bottom, based on the starting point endorsed by the agency that compiled the information. Reader beware: Any such quarterly comparison has its flaws, as we’ve seen in these related claims. But by the numbers, the blogosphere’s  is on target. We rate it .
Statement: Says that ice melting in a cup illustrates that sea levels don't rise when icebergs melt.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 31, 2019
Topics: climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post claims to show what happens when icebergs melt in water but it ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Melting ice in water — like the ice featured in the Facebook post — doesn’t cause water levels to rise. That’s because icebergs form on land and then displace water when they break off into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise.  We rate this post .
Statement: Says after Hillary Clinton helped a man accused of raping a 12-year-old, "she's seen laughing on two separate occasions, laughing at the girl who was raped.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 9, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;corrections and updates;criminal justice;women
Context: the second 2016 presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said after Clinton helped a man accused of raping a 12-year-old, "she's seen laughing on two separate occasions, laughing at the girl who was raped." Trump is referring to an audio tape in which she does respond with amusement at her recollections of the oddities of the case, which involve the prosecution and the judge. At no point does she laugh at the victim. We rate his  . CORRECTION, Oct. 18, 2016: This story was amended to note that the blood test referenced in the Washington Free Beacon story could not have been a  DNA match test. That technology was not available in 1975.
Statement: There's a survey done in Guatemala. A third of Guatemalans intend to migrate to the United States. That's about 5.8 million people.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: July 21, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: CNN State of the Union interview
Fact-check justification: Johnson said, "There's a survey done in Guatemala. A third of Guatemalans intend to migrate to the United States. That's about 5.8 million people." A survey of Guatemalans showed that many of them intend to leave their country, and some data suggests that the United States is a considered destination.  But Johnson’s estimates are based on media reports that inaccurately presented survey results. Using the survey in the kind of way that Johnson did requires assumptions that go beyond the . Johnson repeated poorly reported information about the survey results. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "let federal contractors double offshoring jobs in his first 18 months in office.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 7, 2020
Location: national
Topics: jobs
Context: a Labor Day event
Fact-check justification: Biden said that in his first 18 months in office, Trump allowed government contractors to offshore jobs at twice the rate as before. Biden accurately quoted a report, and its findings are reasonably accurate. But the report’s job count actually began before Trump took office, and the government’s tallies include jobs that are at risk, not necessarily ones that are lost. That way of counting jobs, however, would apply equally to the Trump and Obama years. There’s a measure of accuracy in Biden’s statement, but it requires more context. We rate this  .
Statement: 13,000 Floridians are able to vote -- but their governor won't tell them.
Speaker: american civil liberties union of florida
About the speaker: The American Civil Liberties Union of Florida advocates for "individual rights and personal freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution and the Bill of Rights."
Date: August 3, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: an email to subscribers
Fact-check justification: The ACLU said in the headline of an email, "13,000 Floridians are able to vote -- but their governor  won't tell them." But the state has tried to reach those potential voters using the address information at their disposal. In 2007 and 2008, the parole commission sent the ex-felons a certificate based on the last address they provided to the state Department of Corrections. When about 35,000 letters were returned undeliverable, the commission re-sent letters and cut that number in half. Also, the ACLU is blaming Scott for an issue that seems largely beyond his control. Some of the 13,000 could have moved out of state or died. And it’s possible some of the 13,000 don’t want to register to vote. Lastly, the certificate isn’t necessary to register to vote. Ex-felons can check to see if their rights were restored on the commission’s website, calling the commission or asking for help from their local supervisor of elections. We rate this  .
Statement: Bill Young uses his campaign money for, among other things, a luxury car.
Speaker: charlie justice
About the speaker: Sen. Charlie Justice is a Democrat representing St. Petersburg.
Date: April 14, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance;ethics;message machine 2010
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: Sounds like luxury to us. So Justice is right. Young used campaign money to buy the Lincoln Continental in 1990, which was traded in many years ago. But he is still using campaign money today to lease a Lincoln Navigator. Both can reasonably be called luxury cars, so we find Justice's  .
Statement: In America, "more people die from" prescription narcotic painkillers "than from heroin and cocaine combined.
Speaker: brad schimel
About the speaker: Republican Brad Schimel was elected in 2006 as the district attorney in Waukesha County, which borders Milwaukee County. He was the GOP nominee for Wisconsin attorney general in the November 2014 election, and defeated Susan Happ to win the office. After he was defeated in November 2018, he was appointed a circuit court judge in Waukesha County.
Date: March 12, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;drugs;crime
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The rating Schimel said that in America, "more people die from" prescription narcotic painkillers "than from heroin and cocaine combined." His  would go unchallenged if this were 2008, the year upon which his  is based. But changing drug trends and a 2016 alteration in how federal officials tally deaths creates problems for his math. Still, there’s a case to be made for his number based on a long-used but recently de-emphasized way of calculating deaths from prescription drugs. We rate his  .
Statement: Says unemployment in Trenton is "twice as much as what we see in every other area of the state" and, as a result, "we have seen an increase in crime.
Speaker: shirley turner
About the speaker: Shirley Turner is a Democratic state senator representing parts of Hunterdon and Mercer counties.
Date: July 12, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs;crime
Context: a speech on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: Recent crime statistics back up the senator’s  about increased crime, but on the other two points, Turner’s statement is flawed. The city’s unemployment rate is not as high as she claimed. Also, studies have shown that unemployment can affect property crime, but it has a reduced impact on violent crime. We rate her statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Since Israel started training teachers with guns, "there have only been two school shootings in 44 years and both shooters were killed by teachers.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 13, 2019
Topics: israel;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Shavit said the guards stationed at schools are under the authority of police, according to the Post, and in large cities law enforcement carry out security patrols around educational institutions during the school day.   Israeli security experts also say gun violence is rare there because privately held guns are so rare, the Post story says. It quotes Simon Perry, a criminologist at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, saying there is little opportunity for someone to carry out a gun attack inside a school. Though most people in Israel go into the military and receive some weapons training, he said, "it is very, very hard to obtain a weapon in Israel." We rate this Facebook post .