chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The poor are, ironically, the most likely to be employed in the industries deemed 'essential' while their upper-class peers are freed to bunker down for weeks until the first death wave passes.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 18, 2020
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus;pennsylvania
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post stated that the poor are the most likely to be employed in essential industries while workers who earn more are free to shelter at home until the outbreak subsides. Our data analysis shows that the vast majority of workers Wolf deemed essential earn low and working class wages, and a recent analysis by The Washington Post shows that many white collar workers say they’re able to telecommute. For these reasons, we rate the Facebook post . An earlier version of this article excluded several Philadelphia-area grocers that have offered employees bonuses or higher salaries.The story has been updated.
Statement: Says "I disagreed" with President Obama's Secure Communities deportation program
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: June 27, 2019
Location: california
Topics: immigration;border security;crime
Context: a Democratic presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Kamala Harris claimed she "disagreed" with the Obama administration on a deportation program where local police and sheriffs partnered with federal immigration agents to remove people who were in the country illegally.   As attorney general in 2012 and again in 2014, Harris issued bulletins telling local law enforcement they did not have to comply with the program’s federal immigration detainer requests. She was also quoted in news articles in late 2012 strongly opposing the program. But immigration experts say Harris was largely absent in California’s early efforts to pass laws limiting local cooperation with federal agents. She resisted the program, they said, only after pressure built to pass those state laws and then "led from behind," as one expert described it.  Harris’ statement about disagreeing is partially accurate, but it leaves out some key history and takes things out of context. We rate Harris’  .   – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. RELATED: Kamala Harris calls her LIFT plan ‘the most significant middle-class tax cut in generations.’ Is it? Kamala Harris gets it  right on America’s rapid growth of student loan debt Are paychecks failing to keep up with inflation? Does teacher pay fall short of the living wage in 30 states, as Kamala Harris said?
Statement: After every major conflict ... what happened was that we ultimately hollowed out the force, largely by doing deep, across-the-board cuts.
Speaker: leon panetta
About the speaker: Leon Panetta is the director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Earlier in his career, he was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from a district in California. He also served as director of the Office of Management and Budget under President Bill Clinton.
Date: October 23, 2011
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;federal budget;history;military
Context: congressional testimony
Fact-check justification: Panetta said that "after every major conflict — World War I, World War II, Korea, Vietnam, the fall of the Soviet Union — what happened was that we ultimately hollowed out the force, largely by doing deep, across-the-board cuts." He’s correct that spending and troop levels fell -- enormously after the World Wars, more modestly after the other conflicts. But there’s less consensus that the cuts -- particularly the ones that followed after the conclusion of Korean War and the Cold War -- led to a "hollowed out" force. We think it’s a stretch to suggest, as Panetta does, that cuts were made across the board. In most cases, the cuts weren’t knee-jerk but were in fact made with a larger strategy in mind. On balance, we rate Panetta’s comment . CORRECTION: The quote checked in this item was made at a congressional hearing. While the comment was included in a recent New York Times story, it was not made during one of Panetta's two interviews for the that story, as the initial version of this story had indicated.
Statement: Says he and Bernie Sanders have "very similar" views on trade
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 25, 2016
Location: north carolina
Topics: china;economy;labor;trade;workers
Context: Winston-Salem, NC
Fact-check justification: Donald Trump, in an effort to win over Bernie Sanders supporters, said their policies on trade are "very similar." There are some notable differences. Sanders has always opposed normal trade with China. Trump says he’s opposed, although he outsources some of his own manufacturing to China. The two also have different ideas for dealing with NAFTA and on the role corporate tax policy plays in trade. Yet in the grand scheme of things on the campaign trail, both men have consistently argued for protectionist trade policies as opposed to free trade. Some details differ, but they agree on the broad philosophy of opposition to free trade deals. We rate this  .
Statement: U.S. Rep. Scott Rigell "wants gun owners in a federal registration system.
Speaker: national association for gun rights
About the speaker: The National Association for Gun Rights was formed in 2001 as a non-profit advocacy organization designed to educate gun owners about state and federal legislation that affects their gun rights. The group, headquartered in Colorado, says it focuses on organizing grassroots support for gun rights issues and lobbies Congress and state governments. The organization has a political action committee that contributes to candidates.
Date: February 27, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: guns
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The National Association for Gun Rights claims that Rigell wants a national gun registration system. The record shows he has consistently opposed that idea. The association offers no proof for its , which is  and inflammatory. It’s only fitting that we set the association’s .
Statement: In 2021, "11,201 pounds of fentanyl were seized by Customs and Border Protection, which is enough to kill every American nearly seven times over.
Speaker: claudia tenney
About the speaker: Claudia Tenney is a member of Congress from New York's 22nd district. She represents the area stretching from Utica to Binghamton.
Date: April 1, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: drugs;homeland security;public safety
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Tenney said that in 2021, "11,201 pounds of fentanyl were seized by Customs and Border Protection, which is enough to kill every American nearly seven times over." She is correct that 11,201 pounds of fentanyl were seized nationwide in 2021, and she’s essentially accurate about how deadly that supply could be. Using a standard fatal dose of 2 milligrams, the amount seized in 2021 would have been enough to kill every American 7.64 times over. The fatal dose could vary depending on body size, past exposure to fentanyl, and purity, possibly affecting the calculation on the margins. We rate the statement .
Statement: Fauci arrested.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 27, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) The post includes a video that discusses Fauci and his role during the pandemic, but the video provides no  that Fauci was arrested.   There are also no credible news reports to corroborate that , nor did we find any legal filings to support it.   We rate it !
Statement: The number of COVID-19 deaths recorded so far in 2021 has surpassed the total for 2020.
Speaker: roger williams
About the speaker: Roger Williams won election to represent the newly created Congressional District 25 in 2012. He is a former Texas secretary of state, the state's chief elections officer. He was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2001 as chairman of the Republican National Finance Committee’s Eagles fundraising program and also has served as state finance chair for John Cornyn's 2002 Senate campaign, according to his campaign website.
Date: December 2, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: coronavirus;ask politifact
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: Williams' office wrote in a Dec. 2 email newsletter,  "According to the latest data from John (sic) Hopkins University, the number of COVID-19 deaths recorded so far in 2021 has surpassed the total for 2020." CDC data shows there were over 60,000 more deaths in 2021 compared to 2020. Johns Hopkins data, used by Williams and many national news outlets, also reported more deaths in 2021. We rate this  .
Statement: A Florida elections bill "guts everything" "instead of getting tough, and doing what the people want (same day voting, Voter ID, proof of Citizenship, paper ballots, hand count, etc.).
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 30, 2023
Location: national
Topics: elections;florida
Context: a Truth Social post
Fact-check justification: Trump said of the new Florida elections bill that "instead of getting tough, and doing what the people want (same day voting, Voter ID, proof of Citizenship, paper ballots, hand count, etc.) this bill guts everything."   Trump is free to dislike S.B. 7050, a bill that allows DeSantis to challenge Trump in the presidential primary without resigning as governor. But his statement creates the  impression that Florida overhauled its laws and weakened elections oversight. That’s not so. The bill sets tough rules for third-party groups that collect voter registration applications and asks local officials to update voter rolls more frequently.  The package does not eliminate provisions designed to protect voting security, including voter ID. Florida didn’t need to require paper ballots in state law, because it was already there. We rate this statement .  RELATED : No  for Donald Trump's  about stopping a 'steal' in 2018 for Ron DeSantis RELATED : Biden's statement on Trump's 2020 mail voting is  RELATED : Donald Trump on the -O-Meter
Statement: Virginia police arrest wrong person to cover for Antifa member who ran over protesters.
Speaker: puppetstringnews.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: August 12, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: an Internet post
Fact-check justification: PuppetStringNews.com said, "Virginia Police arrest  person to cover for Antifa member who ran over protesters." The website alleged that the Vangheluwe family owned the 2010 Dodge Challenger used in the Charlottesville tragedy. While they did own it years ago, records show it is currently registered in Ohio, where Fields lives. There’s no  to indicate police arrested the  person, or that they were covering for Vangheluwe, who lived in Michigan. We rate this  !
Statement: This year, we have added an average of 200,000 jobs per month, a majority in the private sector, a stark contrast to the Bush Administration record of losing an average of nearly 750,000 jobs per month in its last three months.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: June 4, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The chart also appears on the Speaker's blog . While we didn't find a copy of the chart included with the news release when we found it on Pelosi's website, Elshami forwarded us a copy that had been sent to reporters earlier that morning that did include it. So we'll give her office partial credit for providing some context, even if it didn't come in the document we initially found. In all, then, the Speaker's portrayal of the numbers is technically accurate, but the general impression she gives -- that the record under a Democratic president and a Democratic Congress stands in "stark contrast" to the record under Bush -- is political spin based on selective choices about what data to use. We rate Pelosi's statement .
Statement: Says Kevin Costner recently debuted a new line of CBD gummies.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 24, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: "This is not  at all," Arnold Robinson, who represents Costner, told us.   We’ve previously checked a nearly identical  about Dr. Sanjay Gupta, a neurosurgeon and CNN’s chief medical correspondent.   Like the post about Costner, this one said "a tragic end today for our Dr. Gupta, viewers feel sad about today’s news" and it linked to a story about his Eagle Hemp CBD gummies product.   That was , and so is this  about Costner. We rate it .
Statement: The public health science is clear that the use of the addiction medicine buprenorphine saves lives whether that use has been prescribed or not.
Speaker: miro weinberger
About the speaker: Miro Weinberger is the Democratic mayor of Burlington, Vermont, currently in his third term. 
Date: April 3, 2019
Location: vermont
Topics: criminal justice;drugs
Context: state of the city speech
Fact-check justification:   Mayor Miro Weinberger said "The public health science is clear that the use of of the addiction medicine buprenorphine saves lives whether that use has been prescribed or not." Experts say there haven’t been any studies of unprescribed buprenorphine use on mortality rates, so saying the science is clear on that question isn’t a complete slam dunk. But studies suggest that unprescribed buprenorphine use is an indicator for seeking treatment, and getting treatment is proven to increase survival rates. Plus, using buprenorphine does not carry the same risk of overdose death as heroin and fentanyl, which is often the alternative for those with substance use disorder. We rate Weinberger’s statement .
Statement: Says Joe Manchin said "yes to repealing Obamacare. He lied.
Speaker: patrick morrisey
About the speaker: Patrick Morrisey is the attorney general of West Virginia. Morrisey is running for the West Virginia U.S. Senate seat.
Date: July 17, 2018
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Morrisey’s ad said that Manchin said "yes to repealing Obamacare. He lied." During his tough initial Senate race in 2010, Manchin did rhetorically put some distance between himself and the law, which was passed before he was a senator. However, to the extent that he supported repeals, he was talking about repealing portions of the law he saw as problematic — not the whole law, much of which he said he supported. Indeed, Manchin has consistently voted against and criticized wholesale repeal efforts, saying that he favored reforming portions of the law instead. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: (GM and Chrysler) repaid their loans.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 15, 2012
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;corporations;economy;message machine 2012;stimulus
Context: campaign video “The Road We’ve Traveled”
Fact-check justification: So the Obama campaign is echoing a  from GM and Chrysler that the auto companies "repaid their loans." But for both companies, that’s some careful framing that doesn’t tell the whole story. Loans represent about 20 percent of the bailout. Meanwhile, the statement is only fully  of the new automakers. A look at the entire bailout shows loans to the old car companies that may never be repaid, plus outstanding stock investments in GM and the former GMAC. The new companies, which got about 85 percent of the loans, have repaid them all. In our lengthy discussions about this , we considered everything from  to . We’re not weighing Obama’s courage or the bailout’s success. We can say the  the current companies "repaid their loans" is accurate but leaves out important details and context. On the larger bailout, it’s too early to say how taxpayers will make out. This statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate the  .
Statement: Says that in Ohio "right now, you could be 8½ months pregnant and have an abortion for no reason.
Speaker: lorraine fende
About the speaker: Lorraine M. Fende is a state representative from Ohio's 62nd House District. Prior to her election to the statehouse, she was mayor of Willowick in Lake County.
 
Date: January 17, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: abortion
Context: an interview with The Columbus Dispatch
Fact-check justification: And a law professor who is an expert in reproductive rights told us that abortions at 8½ months aren't done for just "no reason." Fende’s  was legally sound. But by itself it does not reflect what the state Department of Health is documenting. That there was just one case out of more than 28,700 abortions in 2009 that fits her statement is an additional piece of information needed to fully understand the . On the -O-Meter that rates as .
Statement: The mass shooting in Highland Park, Illinois, was a "false flag.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 4, 2022
Location: illinois
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "The bodies that I saw, it was not an image that anyone who’s not a physician would have an easy time processing," Baum said.   Gabriella Martinez, who said she saw the gunman on a rooftop, initially thought the gunshots were fireworks.   "Then literally one second (later) we all started getting into a panic mode," she said. Claims that this shooting was staged or a " flag" event is . We rate it .
Statement: In (Sen. Marco) Rubio's state of Florida alone, Social Security lifts more than -- count it -- a million people out of poverty.
Speaker: ed schultz
About the speaker: Ed Schultz is the host of the Ed Show on MSNBC.
Date: August 25, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: poverty;pundits;retirement;social security
Context: MSNBC's the "Ed Show," Aug. 25, 2011
Fact-check justification: So when he says, "In Rubio's state of Florida alone, Social Security lifts more than -- count it -- a million people out of poverty," he's accurately quoting a study by the Center for Budget and Policy Priorities about what would happen if Social Security checks suddenly stopped. But the statistic doesn't directly address Rubio's apparent point, that America would be stronger if FDR had never signed Social Security into existence. That's a matter for thoughtful speculation or a raft of much more complicated studies. We also found it  that Schultz mentioned just the Census Bureau as his source, while graphics on the screen in small type confirmed the numbers were in fact crunched by a think tank. For those reasons, we find he used the statistic out of context, and rate it .
Statement: A white armed-robbery suspect was sentenced to two years in jail while a black armed-robbery suspect was sentenced to 26 years in prison by the same Florida judge.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 11, 2020
Topics: criminal justice;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said a white armed robbery suspect was sentenced to two years in jail while a black armed robbery suspect was sentenced to 26 years in prison by the same Florida judge in two separate cases. The post gets the basic facts correct: The two defendants both pleaded no contest to the same crime, both had one prior misdemeanor and both scored the same number of points on a system designed to calculate their sentences. But prosecutors said the white defendant got a reduced sentence after cooperating with prosecutors to convict co-defendants, a fact that’s not mentioned in the graphic.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says the person who Florida U.S. Rep. Allen West first hired as chief of staff told people attending a Tea Party rally that, 'We will use bullets if ballots don't work.'
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: January 9, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: bipartisanship;elections;negative campaigning;guns
Context: comments on NBC's 'Meet the Press'
Fact-check justification: (Kaufman said, "If ballots don't work, bullets will.") Maybe we could all do better by leaving the war and gun language out of political discussions. As NBC News' Chuck Todd put it, "To political professionals, the use of these images has no impact; the problem is when these images are digested by those who are already a bit unstable. No one is calling for censorship, only responsibility." We rate this statement .