chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: About 95 percent of (Ohio's) electricity comes from burning coal.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: June 26, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: environment;energy
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: As his spokesman said, the vast majority of Ohio's electricity does come from coal, and the percentage is far higher than the national average. But the state officially is looking to reduce, not maintain, its reliance on coal, and has made progress in the effort. And while the percentage of electricity from coal is high, Boehner's figure of 95 percent  it by 17 percentage points. That's a significant difference. On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Bernie Sanders passed more roll call amendments in a Republican Congress than any other member.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: February 13, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: an a television ad
Fact-check justification: A campaign ad for Sander said, "Bernie Sanders passed more roll call amendments in a Republican Congress than any other member." That’s a very specific way of slicing and dicing Sanders’ effectiveness as a lawmaker, but it’s accurate. From 1995 to 2007, when Republicans controlled Congress, Sanders passed the most roll call amendments (17) out of anyone in the House of Representatives. We rate his  .
Statement: The last time people (created a Hollywood blacklist), people ended up killing themselves … They were accused, and they lost their right to work.
Speaker: whoopi goldberg
About the speaker: Whoopi Goldberg is an award-winning actress and comedian who co-hosts ABC's daytime talk show, The View.
Date: September 3, 2019
Topics: history;punditfact
Context: an episode of ABC's "The View"
Fact-check justification: Goldberg said, "The last time people (created a Hollywood blacklist), people ended up killing themselves … They were accused, and they lost their right to work." Experts on the original Hollywood blacklist said Goldberg’s account, while lacking specific details, was accurate. So we rate her statement .
Statement: Melania Trump: 'If ISIS Lays a finger on Barron, I'll scratch Obama's eyes out.'
Speaker: yournewswire.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: November 23, 2017
Topics: fake news;terrorism;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: YourNewsWire.com stated that Melania Trump said, "If ISIS Lays a finger on Barron, I’ll scratch Obama’s eyes out." We found no  that Melania Trump responded to an online threat against Barron at all — much less that she said she would enact revenge on Obama. We rate this headline .
Statement: Nearly 70 percent of all federal spending will go towards Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid" in fiscal year 2014.
Speaker: todd young
About the speaker: Todd Young is a Republican U.S. representative from Indiana. The former attorney defeated incumbent Democrat Baron Hill in 2010 for the state’s 9th district seat.
Date: June 19, 2013
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;medicaid;medicare;social security
Context: a letter to a constituent
Fact-check justification: Young’s letter said that "nearly 70 percent of all federal spending will go towards Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid" in fiscal year 2014, and that’s not even close -- the real share is 45 percent. Young’s office acknowledged that they should have clarified that they were including all types of entitlements plus net interest, rather than just those three programs. They said they would correct the statement in the future. However, our policy is to rate the original statement, and in this case, we conclude that it is .
Statement: Says the United States is the only nation that affords citizenship to anyone born here, "whether you are here legally or illegally.
Speaker: john carter
About the speaker: Carter, of Georgetown, was initially elected to the U.S. House in 2002. He is a former state district judge.
Date: August 9, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a conference call with reporters
Fact-check justification: So, how does Carter's statement come out? As researched by PolitiFact in 2009, Carter's initial statement (which he reaffirmed) that the United States is the only nation that provides citizenship to children born here regardless of their parents' immigration status is . Yet the RNC’s Riggs quickly amended Carter’s statement to say he means the United States is among a few industrial nations with such a provision; that's accurate. It’s good that the GOP spokesman reeled back on the congressman’s . Still, we rate Carter's initial statement .
Statement: Video proves John F. Kennedy Jr. is alive.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 8, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Kennedy’s body was found in the cockpit, still strapped to his seat.   Their cremated remains were scattered at sea.   Claims that Kennedy is alive and aligned with Trump stem from QAnon, and some of the movement’s adherents hope that he will be on the 2024 presidential ticket with Trump. But that’s impossible — he’s dead. We rate this post !
Statement: A Pfizer warehouse full of Covid vaccines was just DESTROYED BY A TORNADO in North Carolina.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 19, 2023
Topics: natural disasters ;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An initial assessment found that the warehouse facility sustained most of the damage. Pfizer said it stores raw materials, packaging supplies and finished medicines awaiting release. There does not appear to be any major damage to the medicine production areas. We rate the  that the North Carolina Pfizer facility damaged by a tornado was "full of Covid vaccines" . RELATED:  tornado planned for Pfizer insurance money unfounded
Statement: I had prostate cancer, five, six years ago. My chance of surviving prostate cancer, and thank God I was cured of it, in the United States, 82%. My chances of surviving prostate cancer in England, only 44% under socialized medicine.
Speaker: rudy giuliani
About the speaker: Rudy Giuliani is the former mayor of New York City. He was born in Brooklyn in 1944 and previously served as a federal prosecutor, as well as an associate attorney general under President Reagan. He graduated from Manhattan College and earned a law degree from New York University Law School. He has been married since 2003 to Judith Nathan and was married twice before. He has two children, Andrew and Caroline. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: October 31, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Fact-check justification: In the U.S., about 15.8 of every 100,000 men die of prostate cancer, while in the U.K., the figure is 17.9 deaths. "They're essentially quite similar," she said. The statistics Giuliani uses are . The Giuliani campaign insists that it's making a legitimate point about the merits of health care in the U.S. over Britain, but the statistics that say the chances of surviving prostate is higher in America also say the chances of having it are higher in the U.S., too. We find his statement .
Statement: Says Patrick Murphy is trying to "hide his drunken assault of a police officer.
Speaker: allen west
About the speaker: Allen West announced in July 2021 that he is running for the Republican primary for Texas governor. He served for about a year as chairman of the Texas Republican Party, stepping down in June 2021. West represented Florida's 22nd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013. Lieutenant Colonel West retired from the Army in 2004 after 22 years of service.
Date: October 8, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: alcohol;candidate biography;crime
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: West’s ad says that opponent Murphy is trying to hide his "drunken assault of a police officer." Murphy was arrested for disorderly intoxication and possession of a stolen driver’s license. But West omits several facts about the incident. Most importantly, we saw no  in the officer’s narrative or court records that Murphy physically assaulted a police officer. A viewer hearing that phrase could easily misinterpret it to mean a physical assault. Murphy wasn’t convicted -- a charge was quickly transferred to traffic court and dismissed within months. It’s also worth noting that this was almost a decade ago,when Murphy was 19. We found no proof that Murphy has tried to "hide" his arrest. Sure, he’s not highlighting it, but he has answered reporters’ questions about it for months. There is some  here: Murphy was arrested while drunk and disrespected a police officer. But saying that he was hiding a drunken assault of a police officer is significantly overstating it. We rate this  .
Statement: It's been nearly three weeks since the president has commented" on questions about possible hidden wait lists at veterans hospitals.
Speaker: major garrett
About the speaker: Major Garrett was named CBS News' Chief White House Correspondent in November 2012. 
Date: May 18, 2014
Topics: veterans;punditfact
Context: an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Garrett said it had been about three weeks since Obama had spoken in public about the problems at the VA. The White House confirms that Obama addressed the issue last April 28. That’s three weeks as of Monday. We rate the  .
Statement: Kathryn Starkey "aided and abetted the continued taxation on residents' properties over 70 percent of the time by seconding motions and voting to keep the millage rate the same.
Speaker: committee to protect florida
About the speaker: The Committee to Protect Florida is headed by Rockie Pennington, a political consultant for Richard Corcoran, a Republican candidate for State House District 45.
Date: August 2, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: environment;candidate biography;taxes
Context: a mailer
Fact-check justification: At the preliminary budget meeting in June 2007, Starkey made the motion to set the rate for the 2008 budget at 37 cents, which finally passed. "Every year I tried to roll it back," she said, but didn’t have the votes. Pennington’s mailer is technically correct: Starkey did go along with votes most of the time to keep the tax rate for the basin board the same, even as taxable values soared. But it leaves out the important context that Starkey tried over three years to lower the tax rate. We rate this .
Statement: Liberal out-of-state special interests are spending millions on 5 and 6 to change the way Florida draws its congressional and legislative districts.
Speaker: protect your vote
About the speaker: Political action committee formed in opposition to Florida Amendments 5 and 6 on the Nov. 2, 2010, ballot.
Date: October 28, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: elections;florida amendments;legal issues;message machine 2010;redistricting
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: But the mix of group logos and dollar figures is . Not all those groups contributed money directly. Those who did contributed less than $1 million combined. And the number dramatically overstates "liberal, out-of-state special interests" since it represents all "liberal" donations from both inside and outside the state.   We rate this  .
Statement: 40 percent of illegal immigrants "had a visa and then became illegal," mostly because "they changed jobs.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: April 23, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: agriculture;immigration;homeland security;jobs;population
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Our rating Paul said 40 percent of illegal immigrants "had a visa and then became illegal,"  because "they changed jobs." The best estimates are that roughly 40 percent of illegal immigrants had entered the country legally but became illegal when they overstayed their temporary visa. There is not , however, to indicate that most of those people became illegal simply because they changed jobs. We rate Paul's statement . To comment on this item, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel’s web page .
Statement: Says Richard Burr "was one of only three senators who voted against a ban on insider trading for members of Congress. And he called that vote brave.
Speaker: deborah ross
About the speaker: Deborah Ross is a Democratic politician from North Carolina. She is a lawyer, former state representative and former head of the North Carolina ACLU.
Date: October 13, 2016
Location: north carolina
Topics: congress;ethics;legal issues;voting record
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Ross said Burr "was one of only three senators who voted against a ban on insider trading for members of Congress. And he called that vote brave." She’s right about Burr’s vote and the fact that Burr called it brave. What’s less clear is whether the STOCK Act simply clarified the law regarding insider trading in Congress, or made actual changes. Regardless, the law did make other changes that Burr ignores when he says his opposition was because the bill was totally duplicative. We rate this  .
Statement: Barack Obama is in an economy that's only worsened since he's been president of the United States.
Speaker: matthew dowd
About the speaker: Matthew Dowd is an author and MSNBC analyst. In 2021, he briefly ran for the Democratic nomination for lieutenant governor of Texas. He served as chief political strategist to Republican President George W. Bush.
Date: December 12, 2010
Location: national
Topics: bankruptcy;economy;history;housing;income;pundits;this week - abc news;workers
Context: an interview on ABC's "This Week with Christiane Amanpour"
Fact-check justification: When we asked Dowd for his thoughts, he said that some weight had to be given to the views of the American people. And to take just one example, a recent Bloomberg poll found that 35 percent of respondents thought they were better off than they were two years ago, 51 percent thought they were worse off and 14 percent were unsure. Similarly, while the poll found almost even approval ratings for Obama generally -- 47 percent approve, 48 percent disapprove -- his rating on the economy was far worse, at only 41 percent approve, 54 percent disapprove. J.D. Foster, an economist at the conservative Heritage Foundation, told PolitiFact that the two most important factors to look at are GDP and jobs, and these two divide just as neatly as the other factors, with one pointing to an improved economy and the other pointing to an economy that has gotten worse. There's  on both sides, so we'll split the difference and rate Dowd's statement .
Statement: Teachers were not involved in developing the Common Core State Standards.
Speaker: public comments at a common core hearing
About the speaker: Hearings have been held in multiple locations to discuss the Common Core State Standards.
Date: October 15, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: Tampa, Fla
Fact-check justification: Common Core opponents claimed at a public hearing that teachers were not involved in the creation and development of the standards, or that their comments and feedback weren’t used. Participants in the effort, as well as documents detailing the process, reveal this not to be the case. We find this statement .
Statement: Three in four low-income workers don't have any paid sick days available.
Speaker: sherrod brown
About the speaker: Sherrod Brown is a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Ohio. He won his first elected office to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1974. He later served as Ohio secretary of state and was elected to Congress in 1992. He first joined the U.S. Senate in 2007.
Date: February 4, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;income;labor;public health;workers
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: And a 2011 study in the American Journal of Public Health estimated that a lack of sick leave helped spread 5 million cases of flu-like illness during the outbreak of 2009. Critics of the sick leave initiative, including the National Association of Independent Businesses, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the Ohio Chamber of Commerce, say paid sick days add costs to low-margin businesses, are burdensome to business and result in lost jobs. In a recent survey of businesses by the Employment Policies Institute, "Roughly 70 percent of respondents said that Connecticut’s sick leave law was not good for business," the group said. PolitiFact Ohio is not rating the legislation, however -- only Brown’s statement on the numbers of workers who don’t have access to paid sick days. We rate it .
Statement: Donald Trump has said "nuclear proliferation is OK.
Speaker: mark warner
About the speaker: Mark Warner, a Democrat, has represented Virginia in the U.S. Senate since 2009. He serves on the Banking, Budget, Commerce and Intelligence committees. He is the honorary co-chairman of the Forward Together PAC.
Warner gave the keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Warner previously served as governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006. He also ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1996. Before public office, Warner was an early investor in the cell phone business, co-founded the company that became Nextel.
Warner was born in Indianapolis, Ind., and grew up in Illinois and Connecticut. Warner graduated from George Washington University, Washington, D.C. He received a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass.
Date: October 4, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: nuclear
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Warner said Trump has said "nuclear proliferation is OK." Trump hasn’t quite gone that far. He’s voiced his "hate" for nukes and said, "I don’t want more nuclear weapons." But Trump also repeatedly has said that the nuclear race is "going to happen anyway," and that Japan and South Korea - both facing threats from North Korea - might be "better off" with nukes of their own. In discussing the issue, Trump has said the U.S. "cannot afford to be the military and the police for the world," and that allies don’t pay enough for U.S. protection. So Trump certainly has said he’s open to proliferation by certain allies but isn’t sold on it. We rate Warner’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f644a929-160f-43a4-bd6e-286570d31d8e
Statement: New Hampshire has lost more jobs to China than any other state.
Speaker: senate majority pac
About the speaker: Senate Majority PAC is a super PAC that works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: September 15, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: economy
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The Senate Majority PAC ad said that "New Hampshire has lost more jobs to China than any other state." First, the ad did not note that this was an estimate, rather than a hard number of actual jobs lost to China. Second, the estimate was that New Hampshire lost the biggest percentage of its workforce -- not most jobs -- to China. We have no quarrel with the use of workforce percentages as the yardstick for this comparison, since doing so makes it possible to fairly compare 50 states that have widely disparate numbers of residents. But the distinction between jobs and percentage of the workforce should have been reflected in the ad. Otherwise, it makes the ad’s  seem more powerful than it is. The  is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: The Senate Republican education plan is an unfunded mandate for local school districts.
Speaker: alex sink
About the speaker: Alex Sink is a candidate for Congress in Florida's 13th Congressional District. She served as Florida's Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2011. She was the Democratic Party's nominee for governor in 2010, but lost to Rick Scott.
Date: March 31, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The funding mechanism will force school districts to either cut budgets or raise taxes. Yes, a Race to the Top grant may help. But no one knows if the money's coming, or if it's enough. Sink called the Republican education plan an "unfunded mandate." We rate her  .
Statement: Unions don't have to comply with Obamacare.
Speaker: crossroads gps
About the speaker: Crossroads GPS is a conservative advocacy group founded by prominent Republicans, including former White House political adviser Karl Rove.
Date: May 18, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care;unions
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: In ruling on this statement, we understand that the Obama administration would hardly admit to it if it were giving unions special treatment. But looking at the numbers of waivers that have been given to both union and non-union groups, we don’t see any pattern that would support a case for special treatment. The number of waivers are a small sample of all health plans, and many more waivers were given to big companies and corporations. We looked for additional information or  on this point and didn’t find it. But there are additional problems with the ad. The ad doesn’t mention that the waivers only apply to annual coverage limits, that they’re intended to be in place only until 2014 and that many for-profit companies have received the same waivers. It gives the impression that unions are entirely exempt from the health care law, which they are not. Because the ad gives the impression that unions are exempt from the entire law, and because it’s  for special treatment is so thin, we rate this  .
Statement: A spy plane was circling the building of the Arizona election audit.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 3, 2021
Location: national
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks;arizona
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: We rate this statement ! RELATED : Ask PolitiFact: Why are Arizona Republicans auditing election results? RELATED: No, a quarter million fraudulent votes weren’t uncovered in an Arizona election audit RELATED: No proof for pro-Trump conspiracy theory of secret watermarks on Ariz. ballots