chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Video footage showing Chuck Schumer and Nancy Pelosi hiding on Jan. 6, 2021, shows the U.S. Capitol attack "was a setup.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 14, 2022
Location: national
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that video footage of Schumer and Pelosi in hiding during the Jan. 6 attack and after evacuating the Capitol shows it "was a setup." We found no credible  that the attack was a setup. Documentary filmmaker Alexandra Pelosi recorded some of the unprecedented events on Jan. 6, but that does not prove that the attack was contrived.  We rate this  . RELATED: The Jan. 6 Capitol attack: A year of debunking  narratives RELATED: Jan 6. committee votes to subpoena Trump. 3 themes show why
Statement: Says none of the government programs targeted for elimination or severe cutback in House Republican spending plans "appeared on the GAO's list of government programs at high risk of waste, fraud and abuse.
Speaker: dennis kucinich
About the speaker: Dennis Kucinich is running in the Democratic primary for governor of Ohio in 2018. Kucinich was elected to Congress in 1996. He previously served as a member of the city council and as mayor in Cleveland, the city where he was born in 1946. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Case Western University. He has been married since 2005 to Elizabeth Harper. He was married twice before and has one child. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 25, 2008.
Date: February 17, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a House committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Kucinich put the Pentagon in a different category. The GAO and the Defense Department’s inspector general say it does not and cannot even track how or where it spends its money. The eight former defense officials cited by Kucinich, and other officials, recommend that Pentagon spending be frozen at current spending levels until it can pass audits of all of its programs, agencies, and contractors. Kucinich’s statement is factually accurate, and does not in this case require qualification. On the -O-Meter it rates as .
Statement: Workers who pick produce in Georgia's fields can make $12 to $18 an hour.
Speaker: gary black
About the speaker: Elected Georgia's first GOP farm chief in 2010
Date: June 2, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: immigration
Context: Interview
Fact-check justification: Black’s statement is accurate on its face. Some farm workers "can" earn $12 to $18 an hour. Most, however, do not. His statement leaves out key details and takes things out of context. This is our definition of .
Statement: Whales live as long at SeaWorld" as they do in the wild.
Speaker: seaworld
About the speaker: SeaWorld is a theme park company with holdings that include SeaWorld, Busch Gardens and other attractions.
Date: March 24, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: animals;science;tourism
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: A SeaWorld ad said "whales live as long at SeaWorld" as they do in the wild. At its core, this  is an oversimplification of a much more complex issue. Recent independent data suggests that survival rates for captive and wild orcas are about equal, but that by itself isn't all that significant, experts told us. The data is limited and comparisons between orcas in captivity and in the wild are tenuous. Experts also noted that logic suggests captive whales should live longer because they don't face predators and receive medical care, which makes SeaWorld's  further .  Lastly, experts said that a simple measurement of survival rates (or lifespan) serves as a smokescreen from the more fundamental question of the conditions for whales in captivity. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: Says Joe Biden calls Donald Trump's supporters the dregs of society.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 25, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Biden didn’t say Trump supporters are the dregs of society. He was referring to a "small percentage" of Americans whom he describes as "forces of intolerance" oppressing the LGBTQ community.   While he did say that those people have an ally in the White House, Biden’s comments, taken as a whole and not a soundbite, make it clear that he is not broadly targeting Americans who support the president. His focus is on people — including Trump — who he thinks unfairly target the LGBTQ community.   We rate this  .
Statement: Our last budget committed the highest level of need-based financial aid in state history.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: June 8, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: an opinion piece
Fact-check justification: If the money to support the program were subtracted from Walker’s budget, Doyle’s budget would have given more to need-based financial aid than Walker’s. Our rating Walker said: "Our last budget committed the highest level of need-based financial aid in state history." That is accurate, even when sliced different ways. But it is the worth noting that the spending levels are boosted significantly by spending required from a program created by Doyle -- the Wisconsin Covenant -- that Walker ended. We rate the  .
Statement: WHO now says your child's presence in school counts as 'informed consent' for vaccination - parental presence not required.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 15, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says, the "WHO now says your child’s presence in school counts as ‘informed consent’ for vaccination - parental presence not required." The WHO told us that a child’s presence at school would only count as consent if a parent has received advance notice of a planned immunization and been given ample opportunity to opt out. Even if the post had accurately described a public statement by the WHO, the organization has no ability to determine vaccine policy in the United States. We rate this post . ​
Statement: Ebola is "incredibly contagious," "very transmissible" and "easy to catch.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: October 16, 2014
Location: national
Topics: ebola;public health
Context: an interview with a New Hampshire radio station
Fact-check justification: Paul called Ebola "incredibly contagious," "very transmissible" and "easy to catch." A person who comes into contact with bodily fluids from an Ebola patient for a short period can contract the virus. In that limited sense, Ebola is "easy to catch." Health care workers and individuals handling patients at or near death are also at greater risk, because that appears to be when the disease is at its most infectious, experts said. However, the overwhelming  shows that Ebola is less contagious and transmissible than many other diseases. By the numbers, Ebola patients go on to infect relatively few people. This is because a patient only spreads the disease while showing symptoms; the virus cannot be spread through the air; and people don’t often come into contact with the bodily fluids of other individuals. Contracting the disease through other methods, like touching surfaces or standing close to infected patients, while possible, are rare and present a low risk. Ebola is a serious and deadly disease that is absolutely capable of spreading if necessary precautions aren’t taken. But in using words like "incredibly," "very" and "easy," Paul vastly inflates the virus’ ability to move from person to person. We rate his statement .
Statement: I have disagreed strongly with the Bush administration on this issue" of global warming.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: October 7, 2008
Location: national
Topics: environment
Context: Nashville, Tenn
Fact-check justification: Manik Roy, director of congressional affairs for the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, said McCain had actually been working on the climate change bill in 2001, but it got delayed after the 9/11 attacks. The Lieberman-McCain bill ultimately failed in October 2003 by a 43-55 vote, but Roy said it was a key step in "educating the Senate" about how government could respond to global warming. "It is absolutely correct that McCain stood up on this issue, forced the Senate to focus on this issue when nobody else thought it made sense and did it with strong opposition from the White House," Roy said. He called McCain "a huge leader on this issue in the Senate." And so we find McCain's statement to be .
Statement: We have now created over 3 million jobs since I took office, more jobs than have ever been created in the first five months of any presidency in modern history.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 2, 2021
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: remarks at the White House
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "We have now created over 3 million jobs since I took office, more jobs than have ever been created in the first five months of any presidency in modern history." Biden is right on the numbers and on how they compare with his recent predecessors in the Oval Office. However, this talking point glosses over the reality that the U.S. economy remains almost 6.8 million jobs under its pre-pandemic peak. Meanwhile, comparing presidents as Biden did is highly sensitive to the economic conditions around the time of their inauguration; Biden entered office during a deep recession, but he took over on the upswing, a situation that not all presidents have benefited from. We rate the statement .
Statement: Abraham Hamadeh misled "about his legal experience.
Speaker: arizona democratic party
About the speaker: Arizona Democratic Party.
Date: September 13, 2022
Location: arizona
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Arizona Democratic Party said Hamadeh misled "about his legal experience." Hamadeh said in an interview that he worked on "dozens of trials" for the Maricopa County Attorney’s Office and led cases as first chair.  Court records list Hamadeh as participating in 27 cases, and none of those cases went to trial. In practice, the role of first chair applies to trials.  Hamadeh participated in cases, but embellished his role.  Without judging whether he intended to deceive — as the Democrats said — we rate this  .
Statement: Germany owes ... vast sums of money to NATO & the United States must be paid more for the powerful, and very expensive, defense it provides to Germany!
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 18, 2017
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;military
Context: a post on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Trump said Germany "owes vast sums of money to NATO" and the United States "must be paid more" for the defense it provides to Germany. NATO members agreed to spend 2 percent of their country’s GDP on defense by 2024. But that’s not in payments to NATO. Each country funds its own defense, while NATO serves as an umbrella organization meant to protect all members. Experts say Trump is mistaken. We rate this  .
Statement: Says California has "30% or a third of the country's people living at or below the poverty level.
Speaker: mark batinick
About the speaker: Mark Batinick is currently serving his third term in the Illinois General Assembly representing the 97th District. 
Date: October 8, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: poverty
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Batinick said California is home to "30% or a third of the country’s people living at or below the poverty level." Federal poverty measures show that figure is significantly overblown — a point Batinick conceded. Instead, he said he meant to reference the state’s share of welfare recipients and cited a federal report that noted more than a third of TANF recipients reside in California. However, that particular federal program is far from the largest or only form of assistance the government provides to low-income individuals to help them with their basic needs. What’s more, it refers to something different than what Batinick originally said. We rate his  .  — The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The town of Cumberland has "its highest bond rating in history.
Speaker: daniel mckee
About the speaker: Daniel McKee is a mayor of Cumberland, R.I., who was elected Rhode Island's lieutenant governor in 2014. He served on Cumberland's town council from 1992-1998. He is a former basketball coach and has served on the board of directors of the Boys and Girls Club of Cumberland-Lincoln beginning in 1978.
Date: November 13, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: city budget;debt
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: Cumberland Mayor Daniel McKee said the town has "its highest bond rating in history." We found that, as far back as comparable statistics can be found -- about 17 years -- he’s right. The facts also support his  that the bond rating improved five points under his administration. In addition to the Moody’s A1 rating in May, the city got an AA- rating from Standard and Poors in August. McKee said that during his 30 years in local government, he has no memory of the town ever getting an AA- rating from that service. But Cumberland has been a town for 267 years. It’s possible that at some point in that history, the town had a credit rating that, by some contemporary measure, was higher than its current rating.   McKee cited  going back a few decades, not for two centuries of history. For that reason, we rate his statement  .
Statement: Says 70 percent of Virginia's Medicaid cost is for seniors in nursing homes.
Speaker: mark sickles
About the speaker: Mark Sickles, D-Fairfax County, was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 2003. He has served as minority caucus chairman since 2012.
Sickles was born in Arlinton, Va. in 1957. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in forest management from Clemson University in 1981, a Master of Science in industrial management from Georgia Tech in 1984, and a second M.S. in technology and science policy two years later.
As a part-time legislator, Sickles works full-time for a national marine construction company and federal government contractor.
Date: June 23, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: medicaid
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Sickles said that 70 percent of the state’s Medicaid spending goes to seniors in nursing homes. He’s way off; only 9.7 percent of the money goes to that cause. We rate his statement .
Statement: Many law enforcement agencies didn't submit their (hate crime) data to the FBI.
Speaker: kirsten gillibrand
About the speaker: Kirsten Gillibrand is a senator from New York. Gillibrand was appointed as senator in 2009 to fill Hillary Clinton’s vacated seat, as Clinton became U.S. Secretary of State under Barack Obama. Gillibrand won a special election in 2010 to retain her senate seat and won re-elections in 2012 and 2018. From 2007 to 2009, she served as the representative of New York’s 20th Congressional District. Gillibrand received a bachelor’s degree in Asian Studies from Dartmouth College and a J.D. from UCLA School of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in August.
Date: March 20, 2023
Location: new york
Topics: crime;race and ethnicity
Context: a speech at John Jay College of Criminal Justice
Fact-check justification: Gillibrand said, "Many law enforcement agencies didn’t submit their (hate crime) data to the FBI." Law enforcement agency participation in the FBI’s hate crime data collection is well short of 100%. Even after allowing additional time for law enforcement agencies to comply, a bit more than one-fifth of agencies nationwide, or nearly 4,000, failed to send hate crime data to the FBI. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Charlie Crist "raised taxes on the middle class" by $2.2 billion.
Speaker: republican party of florida
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Florida represents Republicans in Florida.
Date: July 8, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Florida said, "Crist raised taxes on the middle class by billions of dollars." Crist did sign a budget in 2009 that included $2.2 billion in new taxes and fees, breaking a campaign promise that Floridians would not have to pay new taxes. But the ideas came from the Republican-led Legislature, who made it very difficult for their Republican governor to veto the hikes. This is not specified in the GOP’s commercial in any way, nor is the term "middle class" defined, although the middle class was clearly affected. We rate the statement .
Statement: Today, if you were raised poor, you're just as likely to stay poor as you were 50 years ago.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: January 9, 2016
Location: national
Topics: families;income;poverty
Context: a column posted on Medium.com
Fact-check justification: Ryan wrote that "today, if you were raised poor, you’re just as likely to stay poor as you were 50 years ago." His support for this  – a respected academic paper published in 2014 – found exactly what Ryan described. We rate the  .
Statement: I wake up every morning in a house (the White House) that was built by slaves.
Speaker: michelle obama
About the speaker: Michelle Obama is the wife of Barack Obama and the former First Lady of the United States. She is a graduate of Princeton University and Harvard Law School and has worked for the Mayor of Chicago and the University of Chicago. Michelle and Barack Obama have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 25, 2016
Location: national
Topics: history;race and ethnicity
Context: Philadelphia
Fact-check justification: Obama’s statement is "," Holland told PolitiFact. Our rating Obama said the White House "was built by slaves." Strictly speaking, the White House was not exclusively built by slaves; it was built by a combination of slaves, free blacks and whites. But slaves were significantly involved in the construction of the White House, so we have no quarrel with the way Obama worded her . We rate it .
Statement: Says a photo shows South Carolina after stay-at-home orders were announced.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 6, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Charleston and Columbia, S.C., told people to stay at home before the state issued its statewide mandate. Gov. Henry McMaster didn’t direct all South Carolinians to follow suit until this month. The order was effective on April 7.    But this Facebook post misrepresents what that looked like in South Carolina, using an old photo of Houston to  that South Carolinians are flouting the law. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Obama tells Russia that he'll turn over America's defense system to them if re-elected.
Speaker: eric johnson
About the speaker: Lobbyist Eric Johnson, a Republican, is a former Georgia state senator.
Date: March 26, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: foreign policy;military
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: Johnson said he likes PolitiFact Georgia’s fact-checking. But he vowed to to stick with his interpretation of Obama’s off-script moment. PolitiFact Georgia didn’t see or hear anything about Obama turning over the nation’s missile defense system. We say "nyet" to Johnson’s statement. This one gets our lowest rating, .