chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: By ending the Keystone XL Pipeline project, President Joe Biden "imperiled one of Donald Trump's most significant achievements, which was that we had achieved American energy independence.
Speaker: eric greitens
About the speaker: Eric Greitens, a combat veteran who served in Afghanistan and Iraq, founded The Mission Continues, a Missouri-based non-profit that helps returning veterans. He won his race for Missouri governor as a Republican in 2016. He resigned on May 29, 2018 after he was charged with felony computer tampering and faced allegations related to an extramarital affair.
Date: March 2, 2021
Location: missouri
Topics: energy
Context: an interview on 97.1 KTFK
Fact-check justification: Greitens said that when Biden canceled the Keystone XL pipeline, he "imperiled one of Donald Trump's most significant achievements, which was that we had achieved American energy independence under President Trump." According to one definition of energy independence, the U.S. achieved energy independence under Trump. Another definition says it means no net imports. Either way, his  that Biden’s action threatened that energy independence doesn’t hold up. The action won’t affect U.S. energy production, only imports. We rate this .
Statement: Quotes Valerie Jarrett as saying she is an "Iranian by birth" and seeks to "change America to be a more Islamic country
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 3, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;fake news;islam;religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An old rumor claims former White House senior adviser to President Obama, Valerie Jarrett, said in the ’70s that she is an "Iranian by birth" and seeks to "change America to be a more Islamic country." No record or  can be found of Jarrett ever saying this and no media organization has ever reported on the brazen statement. Also, Jarrett has never identified as Muslim in all her years in the public and private sphere. While she was born in Iran, her parents are American, and she has lived in the U.S. since she was five years old. We rate this ! Update, May 8, 2019: This story has been updated to include a statement from a Stanford University spokesperson verifying the absence of this quote in university yearbooks. The ruling is unchanged.
Statement: Says that in the U.S. Capitol, "Stephen F. Austin's and Sam Houston's statues" are "the only ones holding a rifle or a sword.
Speaker: jonathan saenz
About the speaker: Jonathan M. Saenz is president of Texas Values, a nonprofit that says it's dedicated to preserving and advancing a culture of family values in Texas.
Date: March 28, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: congress;history
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: Saenz said the Capitol statues of Austin and Houston are "the only ones holding a rifle or a sword." This proud Texan's  has an element of  in that Austin’s rifle-bearing statue alone holds a rifle.  However, a dozen statues donated by states, including the one of Houston, hold swords. We rate this statement .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Foot Locker donated 200 million dollars to BLM.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 12, 2021
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that Foot Locker made a $200 million donation to Black Lives Matter and that one of their stores in Minneapolis was burgled by Black Lives Matter members. The posts confuse a $200 million pledge the company made after the George Floyd protests to fight racial inequality and uplift the Black community. While a Foot Locker in Brooklyn Center, which is north of Minneapolis, was broken into and had its merchandise stolen, we do not have details on any associated arrests. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Jeb Bush "flip-flop-flip(ped) on immigration.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: March 5, 2013
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Debbie Wasserman Schultz -- admittedly a bit player in this story but for her tweet -- said Bush has made a "flip-flop-flip" on immigration. Here’s a quick chronology: • Early in his political life, Bush expressed a hard-line, deportation-driven opinion and made no mention of granting citizenship or legal status to illegal immigrants. • Sometime between 2009 and 2012, he "flipped" to being in favor of a path to citizenship. He supported federal legislation in 2007 that allowed children of illegal immigrants to become citizens, and wrote frequently that Republicans should adopt a more welcoming approach. In June 2012, he clearly articulated support for a pathway to citizenship. • His "flop" came this month with the release of his book, in which he explicitly opposed citizenship, calling it an "undeserving reward" for people who came here illegally. • That was followed by a quick "flip" back to support of either citizenship or permanent legal status in the heat of television interviews. Over the years Bush has said he favored citizenship or legal residency, demonstrating openness to proposals that could be considered within a wider reform effort. So at times he has embraced both, or either one. There’s no doubt, though, that the Jeb Bush in the book had a different opinion from the Jeb Bush on the book tour. We rate the flip-flop-flip  .
Statement: President Obama came to Ohio 12 times to try to defeat me and guess what? He didn't win.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: February 21, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: elections
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: But to say that Obama campaigned against him 12 times, Kasich is overstating the case.    While Kasich deserves a little leeway given that any presidential visit provides cover to office holders of the same party, it’s a stretch to imply that the president was here solely to bash the Republican on the other nine visits. That’s a critical fact that would give the listener a different impression. Even though Kasich likes to repeat it, on the -O-Meter the statement is . Comment on this item .
Statement: Gov. Rick Perry "used $3.2 billion in stimulus dollars for schools to plug other holes in his budget.
Speaker: gail collins
About the speaker: Gail Collins is a columnist with the New York Times. She previously served on the New York Times editorial board and as a columnist for the New York Daily News and Newsday.
Date: February 16, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: education;stimulus
Context: a column
Fact-check justification: Federal stimulus dollars for education made it possible for Texas budget writers to put some of the state’s general revenue funds elsewhere. Broadly, an even greater infusion of stimulus money helped to get Texas out of a tight budget fix and keep its rainy day fund intact. We rate Collins’ statement .    Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: Almost every day another 9/11 survivor or responder dies from a 9/11-related cancer.
Speaker: kirsten gillibrand
About the speaker: Kirsten Gillibrand is a senator from New York. Gillibrand was appointed as senator in 2009 to fill Hillary Clinton’s vacated seat, as Clinton became U.S. Secretary of State under Barack Obama. Gillibrand won a special election in 2010 to retain her senate seat and won re-elections in 2012 and 2018. From 2007 to 2009, she served as the representative of New York’s 20th Congressional District. Gillibrand received a bachelor’s degree in Asian Studies from Dartmouth College and a J.D. from UCLA School of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in August.
Date: February 25, 2019
Location: new york
Topics: health care;terrorism
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Gillibrand said "almost every day" someone dies from a Sept. 11-related cancer. Since there is no official comprehensive record of these deaths, we have to evaluate other  in determining the accuracy of her . The data available ranges from one death from cancer for survivors and responders every 3.4 days to every 2.7 days for all causes for responders.  The 2.7 per day figure does not include people who were exposed to harmful conditions because they lived or worked near the disaster area, or responders who died without Feal’s knowledge. Doctors and experts who work with this population said more data is needed to know the frequency of 9/11 cancer-related deaths. That makes the known deaths at least half as frequent as Gillibrand said, beyond the bounds of "almost," in our judgment. We rate Gillibrand’s statement .
Statement: Jason Carter's plan: increase spending by $12.5 billion.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: October 13, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: education;medicaid;state budget
Context: television attack ad
Fact-check justification: But what about the ad  that Carter’s plan will cost $12.5 billion? Those cost projections cannot be taken seriously. They are for a period of 10 years -- longer than Carter could legally be in office. They leave out other critical facts -- like lawmakers would have to sign off on any major spending. We rate the ad  as .
Statement: I spent 18 months putting together the sanctions against Iran so that we could force them to the negotiating table.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: November 6, 2015
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;foreign policy;nuclear
Context: a Democratic primary forum
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "I spent 18 months putting together the sanctions against Iran so that we could force them to the negotiating table." Clinton’s  is for the most part accurate, though a little exaggerated. During her first 18 months as secretary, the State Department was at the helm of a global effort to increase sanctions on Iran, culminating in an important U.N. resolution. Clinton was personally involved in these diplomatic efforts and pushed them publicly. And experts said these sanctions, on top of other sanctions passed before and after, were crucial to getting Iran to the negotiating table. However, Clinton wasn’t singularly responsible for the sanctions, just as the sanctions passed under her watch likely weren’t singularly responsible for opening up Iran to talks. We rate her statement .
Statement: AARP endorsed Biden" and "says if you are past 75 you should just die and go away.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 13, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A post on Facebook claims that "AARP endorsed Biden" and "says if you are past 75 you should just die and go away." AARP didn’t endorse Biden, or anyone. And the organization, which represents millions of Americans age 50 and older, has aggressively lobbied against any health care policies that would discriminate against aging populations. We rate these claims about AARP !
Statement: The NewProfilePic app is Russian spyware.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 10, 2022
Location: national
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It asks for access to the user’s camera, photos and media. A spokesperson for one of the app’s developers said users’ images are stored on servers in the United States, not Russia. The app’s domain was formerly registered in Moscow because the founder once lived there. However, he has since moved, and the app’s domain address has changed.   We rate this  .  PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this fact check.
Statement: J.D. Vance called for higher taxes.
Speaker: mike gibbons
About the speaker: Mike Gibbons is running in the 2022 Republican primary for U.S. Senate in Ohio. He also ran for the Senate GOP nomination in 2018. He was Ohio finance co-chair of Trump Victory, a joint committee of Donald Trump and the Republican National Committee in 2016.
Date: April 12, 2022
Location: ohio
Topics: taxes;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Gibbons said in an ad that Vance "called for higher taxes." This is partly . Vance has called for tax hikes on certain corporate leaders and corporations. But he has not called for tax increases broadly.  We rate Gibbons’ statement . RELATED : Fact-checks in the 2022 Ohio Senate race RELATED : The race for the Ohio U.S. Senate seat: A guide RELATED : Fact-checking ads in the 2022 elections
Statement: Says the stimulus bill sent tax credits overseas, such as  "tens of millions of dollars to build traffic lights in China.
Speaker: americans for prosperity
About the speaker: Americans for Prosperity is a conservative group advocates for limited government, free markets and fiscal and regulatory restraint.
Date: April 26, 2012
Location: national
Topics: environment;corporations;energy;message machine 2012;stimulus
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: We watched this ad and imagined Chinese street corners with shiny new American-funded traffic lights. The reality is nearly the opposite: American cities, counties and states bought and installed new energy-efficient street and traffic lights with stimulus grants. Many of those lights contained foreign components, including some from China, but it’s simply not clear how much stimulus money went toward those parts during the eight months it was allowed. The ad’s  has a tiny sliver of , but it pairs words and images to create an altogether different impression. We’ll have to put the brakes on this traffic light , and rate it .
Statement: Trump Won Two-Thirds of Election Lawsuits Where Merits Considered
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 7, 2021
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Epoch Times headline
Fact-check justification: The Epoch Times wrote Feb. 7 that Trump won "two-thirds of election lawsuits where merits (were) considered." That  is not literally . The Epoch Times revised its headline after we reached out. Trump and his allies have won one lawsuit related to the results of the 2020 election, and that case did not prove that widespread voter fraud affected the outcome. Judges across the political spectrum have rejected dozens of other cases filed after Nov. 3 that sought to overturn the election. Just because a case is dismissed on procedural grounds does not mean it wasn’t duly considered. While the body of the Epoch Times’ story contains some of that nuance, its previous headline did not. We rate it . RELATED:  Donald Trump has lost dozens of election lawsuits. Here’s why
Statement: The CBO says (the Build Back Better Act) is $3 trillion of deficit spending.
Speaker: lindsey graham
About the speaker: Lindsey Graham is a U.S. senator from South Carolina. He was a candidate for the Republican nominee for president in 2016.
Date: December 12, 2021
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget;taxes
Context: an interview on Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: Graham said the CBO predicted the Build Back Better Act would add $3 trillion to deficits over 10 years. He’s referring to a bill that’s not the Build Back Better Act. At Graham’s request, the CBO looked at the impact of extending the temporary programs in the bill for a full 10 years. That is an assessment of a hypothetical situation, not the bill at hand.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders advocated putting "Iranian troops into Syria to try and resolve the conflict there. Putting them right on the doorstep of Israel.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: February 4, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Durham, N.H
Fact-check justification: Clinton said Sanders suggested that Iranian troops should fight on the ground in Syria. Sanders did advance that idea on two occasions. But Sanders’ comments were in the context of a multi-national Muslim fighting force that included nations largely friendly toward Israel. The statement is accurate but lacks some useful details. We rate it .
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Bruce Poliquin voted to "force seniors to pay more for prescription drugs.
Speaker: end citizens united
About the speaker: End Citizens United is a Democratic political action committee that supports a constitutional amendment to nullify the Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United decision.
Date: August 22, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;congress;drugs;health care;history;medicare;voting record
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: End Citizens United's ad says Poliquin voted to "force seniors to pay more for prescription drugs." It gives the  impression that he voted on that specific issue when, in fact, he was voting to repeal the 2010 health care law. If the repeal bill had become law — it didn’t — it would have removed provisions phasing out a prescription drug doughnut hole for Medicare recipients.  End Citizens United’s  is partially accurate but takes things out of context. We rate it Half . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/6836d2fa-255e-4ec2-a0f7-06edd8243e2a
Statement: Says Michael Screnock "let a child predator walk without time and let a rapist who preyed on an underage girl go free after only an eight-month sentence.
Speaker: rebecca dallet
About the speaker: Rebecca Dallet, a Milwaukee County Circuit Court judge, was a prosecutor in the Milwaukee County district attorney's office for 11 years before being elected to the court in 2008. In 2017, she announced she would run in 2018 for a seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court.
Date: March 19, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;criminal justice;legal issues;crime
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: In the first case, an older male teen repeatedly had sex with a younger female teen, who told authorities the relationship was consensual. He was sentenced to five years of probation, but no time behind bars. In the second case, a 16-year-old said a 24-year-old man forced her to have intercourse and he was sentenced two years of probation, including eight months in jail, after pleading no contest to a reduced sexual assault charge. The maximum possible jail sentence for the misdemeanor, the result of a plea bargain, was nine months. We rate Dallet’s statement .
Statement: Our larger domestic threat is from racial supremacist groups.
Speaker: andré carson
About the speaker: André Carson is a Democratic representative from Indiana.
Date: December 13, 2015
Location: national
Topics: crime;religion;terrorism
Context: an interview on ABC News' "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Carson said that the nation’s largest domestic threat comes from racial supremacist groups, adding that he knew this to be a fact. His spokeswoman said that is based on his compilation of various trends and reports. However, we could find no data to support the view that attacks driven by overtly racist beliefs cause more deaths or are seen by law enforcement as a greater risk than jihadist extremism. We rate this  .
Statement: In a majority of states, new voters are able to obtain a rifle quicker than they're able to cast their first ballot.
Speaker: alex padilla
About the speaker: Alex Padilla was appointed to fill a U.S. Senate vacancy in 2021, after Kamala Harris became vice president. Previously, he served as California’s first Latino secretary of state. Prior to that, he served as a state senator and president of the Los Angeles City Council.
Date: March 22, 2021
Location: california
Topics: elections;guns
Context: a Senate hearing
Fact-check justification: Padilla said, "In a majority of states, new voters are able to obtain a rifle quicker than they’re able to cast their first ballot." By the numbers, this is accurate: About two-thirds of states have a faster timetable for obtaining a gun than for casting a ballot after registration. Obtaining a gun and casting a ballot aren’t exactly parallel activities. An election is an event on a specific day that requires some degree of advance bookkeeping by state officials to be prepared. Gun purchases do not require advance work to prepare for a deadline. With that clarification, we rate the statement .
Statement: Right now the Tea Party polls higher than the Republicans and the Democrats.
Speaker: dick armey
About the speaker: Dick Armey is the former Republican Leader in the House of Representatives and the current chairman of FreedomWorks, a group that advocates for lower taxes and small government.
Date: January 24, 2010
Location: national
Topics: elections;pundits
Context: an interview with NBC
Fact-check justification: And a Fox News poll released Jan. 21, 2010, demonstrated that President Barack Obama would beat a potential Tea Party candidate in a White House run. So Armey is drastically overstating the group's standing. Yes, the Tea Party is viewed favorably by people who know about the group (particularly those who get their news from Fox), but the pollsters who conducted the survey say it's not accurate to say that the party is more popular than Democrats or Republicans. Also, other polls contradict Armey's statement and indicate that Democrats are more popular than Tea Party candidates. So we find Armey's  to be .
Statement: Says images show migrants on trains and buses heading toward the United States, not walking.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 22, 2018
Topics: immigration;homeland security;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Viral images posted on a Facebook group  to show migrants on trains and buses heading toward the United States, not walking. The photos shared to support the  are from 2013 and from April, and do not show the current caravan. There are some people in the current caravan traveling in trucks, but photos show that most are on foot. We rate the post as .