chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In 2010 about 75 percent of child abuse and neglect reports in Oregon were made by those required to report by law.
Speaker: laurie monnes anderson
About the speaker: Laurie Monnes Anderson is a Democratic state senator from Gresham.
Date: February 24, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: children
Context: a Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: The other 25 percent of reports came from the abusers themselves, parents or, according to department spokesman Gene Evans, victims, relatives, friends, neighbors, ex-live-ins, ex-spouses and anonymous reporters. The figures make this  an easy one to rule on. Monnes Anderson said 75 percent of the abuse and neglect reports the state collected in 2010 came from mandatory reporters. The Department of Human Services backs her up. We rate this  .
Statement: Alec Baldwin arrested for first-degree murder and possession of child pornography.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 25, 2021
Topics: criminal justice;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: But there is nothing to support these allegations, and the website that posted this story has previously posted other misinformation that we’ve debunked, including claims that Brian Laundrie is alive in Mexico , that former President Barack Obama was arrested for espionage , and that Pope Francis was arrested .    This story about Baldwin’s supposed arrest was posted on the website on Oct. 23, several days before the New York Times story reporting that prosecutors were not close to filing criminal charges.   And since then, Fox News reported that Baldwin was seen picking up food in Vermont on Oct. 25. TMZ posted a photo of Baldwin there on what it said was Oct. 24. We rate claims that he was arrested !
Statement: When oil and gas prices sent state revenues up, Palin sent "a large share of that revenue directly back to the people of Alaska.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: August 29, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Dayton, Ohio
Fact-check justification: On Aug. 7, 2008, the Alaska Legislature approved a measure she promoted that would send $1,200 to every Alaskan who qualifies. That comes to about $741-million for state residents, out of an estimated $2.7-billion in increased oil taxes and royalties. Purists might argue that the rebates only come to 35 percent of the estimated excess revenue. But still, it seems fair to us to describe a $741-million outlay as "large," and $1,200 per person is a nice windfall. We find Palin's statement .
Statement: Texas "ranks third in teen pregnancies... and it is No. 1 in repeat teen pregnancies.
Speaker: gail collins
About the speaker: Gail Collins is a columnist with the New York Times. She previously served on the New York Times editorial board and as a columnist for the New York Daily News and Newsday.
Date: February 16, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: children;health care;pundits
Context: a New York Times column
Fact-check justification: When we asked Collins whether she confused birth rates and pregnancies in her column, she said: "You’re right." Summing up? Collins incorrectly referred to Texas’ teen birth rate as a pregnancy rate — Texas actually ranks fourth in teen pregnancies, not third. We couldn’t find data for repeat teen pregnancies, but Texas leads the nation in repeat teen births. We rate her statement as .
Statement: Says former Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz once said that he would "hire an illegal immigrant" before he would hire a veteran.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 17, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A post shared on social media claims that in 2017 Schultz said he would rather hire "an illegal immigrant" over a U.S. veteran. We found no record of Schultz saying that. The rumor is a misunderstanding of a Starbucks pledge to hire 10,000 refugees. The company has an internal veterans group and announced it had reached its previous goal of hiring 10,000 veterans and their spouses in March 2017, and it pledged to expand that number. We rate the post .
Statement: The National Guard was activated Jan. 6, 2021, and "is in complete control.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 29, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post uses out-of-context screenshots from an aircraft flight tracker and  information about the National Guard’s involvement in the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol to  that the U.S. military "is in complete control" of the national government. This is untrue and unsupported by . We rate this  !
Statement: Since 1981, reconciliation has been used 21 times. Most of it's been used by Republicans.
Speaker: harry reid
About the speaker: Harry Reid is a former U.S. senator from Nevada. He served as the Democratic minority leader in the U.S. Senate immediately prior to leaving office.
Date: February 25, 2010
Location: national
Topics: bipartisanship;health care
Context: the televised health care summit
Fact-check justification: Whether or not a reconciliation bill on health care meets the intent of the legislative procedure is certainly a matter for legitimate debate. But Reid said reconciliation has been used 21 times since 1981, and that most of the time, it's been Republicans who have initiated it. We find that there have been 22 reconciliation votes, 14 of them by a Republican-controlled Congress, and that it makes more sense -- in light of the debate over making an end-run around the 60-vote threshold -- to focus on the reconciliation bills that passed without a supermajority. But even then, Republicans have reached for reconciliation bills more often than Democrats since 1981. We rule Reid's comment .
Statement: German citizens were disarmed by their government in the late 1930s," which allowed the Nazis to "carry out their evil intentions with relatively little resistance.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: October 9, 2015
Location: national
Topics: history;guns
Context: his book "A More Perfect Union"
Fact-check justification: Carson said that under the Nazis, "German citizens were disarmed by their government in the late 1930s," which allowed the Nazis to "carry out their evil intentions with relatively little resistance." This is a misreading of history on two levels. First, German citizens as a whole were not disarmed by the Nazis. Jews and other supposed enemies of the state were subject to having their weapons seized. But for most German citizens, the Nazi period was one in which gun regulations were loosened, not tightened.  Second, a lack of guns was not the issue. If the majority of Germans had wanted to use these guns to fight the Nazis, they could have. But they didn’t. Carson ignores that the Nazis enjoyed significant popular support, or at least, broad acquiescence. We rate this  .
Statement: Virginia's educational level among whites is higher than Georgia's.
Speaker: larry sabato
About the speaker: national political expert
Date: October 16, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: elections;voting record
Context: article
Fact-check justification: In a news story about Georgia’s white voters and the tendency to cast ballots for GOP candidates, Sabato described the differences in Virginia and Georgia. "Despite Atlanta, Virginia’s educational level among whites is higher than Georgia," he said. Based on exit polls and census data, Sabato’s statement is correct. Examining the data further shows that Georgia’s white voters at any education level are more likely to vote Republican. We rate Sabato’s statement .
Statement: Says Thomas Eric Duncan came into the United States "with an elevated temperature.
Speaker: darrell issa
About the speaker: Darrell Issa is Republican congressman from California. He is also chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee.
Date: October 26, 2014
Location: national
Topics: ebola;health care;public health;transportation
Context: comments on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Issa said Thomas Eric Duncan came into the United States "with an elevated temperature." According to the CDC, Duncan did not have a fever when he left Monrovia. At the time, American airports were not screening travelers, so there’s no way for us (or Issa) to know definitively if he had a fever when he got to the United States. But he did not report falling ill until several days after arriving, when he went to the hospital with a fever. It’s possible that even if current screening measures had been in place, Duncan would have passed without showing a fever or other symptoms. We rate Issa’s statement .
Statement: In the states that allow open carry, violent crime was 23 percent lower.
Speaker: matt gaetz
About the speaker: Matt Gaetz was elected to Congress in 2016 representing Florida's 1st District. He was elected to the Florida House of Representatives serving District 4 in 2010. His father is former Sen. Don Gaetz.
Date: October 6, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: crime;guns
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Gaetz said, "In the states that allow open carry, violent crime was 23 percent lower." This is a fact that experts say is largely meaningless and shouldn’t weigh into any serious policy discussion. There may be less crime in those states, but there’s no way the single data point Gaetz gave can provide clues as to the effects of open carry laws. Gaetz’s statement is a one-year snapshot that is . We rate it .
Statement: We got [the Quonset Business Park] for free and we're getting zero dollars out of it into the state coffers … other than the fact that it produces the jobs.
Speaker: joseph trillo
About the speaker: Joseph A. Trillo, a Republican representing District 24 in Warwick, has served in the House since 2001. He is the House Minority Whip, a member of the Corporations Committee, and President of AAA Custom Alarms/Real Estate Investing.
Date: January 20, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;gambling;jobs;state budget;taxes
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: During the debate with Sheehan, Trillo was very specific in his criticism of the Quonset Business Park. He said the state doesn’t get "any money or any profit from 3,300 acres of land." On that point, he is technically correct. While the Quonset Development Corporation does collect rent on land in the park, it uses that money for operating expenses and passes none of it on to the state. Trillo also qualified his statement about the business park by adding that the state gets "zero dollars other than the fact that it produces the jobs." That’s a huge qualification. Although the QDC does not contribute directly to the state’s general fund, the state does benefit financially from the businesses in the park. Quonset is home to 168 companies that employ a total of 8,800 people. Those companies and their employees pay millions of dollars in taxes to the state. Trillo chose his words carefully in criticizing the performance of the Quonset Business Park, but he left out important information about its benefits to the state. Because the  fails to give those details and because it takes things out of context, we rule it . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: When I became mayor of the City of Richmond in 2004, the crime rate was at its highest. When I left in 2008, it was at its lowest.
Speaker: doug wilder
About the speaker: Doug Wilder became the nation's first elected Black governor in 1990 when he was inaugurated in Virginia.
Wilder, a Richmond native, is the grandson of slaves. He earned a science degree from Virginia Union University and a law degree from Howard University. He served in the Army during the Korean War and was awaarded a Bronze Star.
Wilder, a Democrat, was elected to the Virginia Senate in 1969 and lieutenant governor in 1985. He was elected governor in 1989, narrowly defeating Republican Marshall Coleman. Wilder served during a recession and was credited for not raising taxes to offset decling state revenues. His popularity fell in Virginia when he ran a short-lived campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1991. Wilder's term as governor ended in 1994. Virginia does not allow its governors to serve successive terms.
Wilder was elected Richmond mayor in 2005, a position he held for four years. He's now a disntiguished professor at Viginia Commonwealth University.
Date: January 3, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: history;crime
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: When I left in 2008, it was at its lowest." Wilder did not inherit a record high crime rate when he became mayor in January 2005. The rate was much higher in the 1990s and had been ebbing. When Wilder left office at the start of 2009, Richmond’s overall crime rate was at its lowest level since 1995, which is the farthest back we could find records. We rate Wilder’s statement .
Statement: Product shortages are manufactured; goods are stuck in warehouses.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: October 24, 2021
Topics: economy;infrastructure;trade
Context: a TikTok video
Fact-check justification: A TikTok video claims that workers at ports efficiently getting goods off of container ships shows that the shortages of goods are manufactured.  Experts and people who work in industry said that there are real problems throughout the supply chain, worldwide. While some goods may be sitting in warehouses because they are not being processed quickly, the issues disrupting the flow of goods to consumers go beyond that to include labor shortages at various points in the supply chain, as well as a shortage of raw materials and rising transportation prices.  This is not a manufactured crisis.  We rate this  !
Statement: I'm proud to say that under my administration, as you just heard, we will be building the first new heavy icebreakers the United States has seen in over 40 years.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 17, 2017
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: a U.S. Coast Guard commencement speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "I’m proud to say that under my administration, as you just heard, we will be building the first new heavy icebreakers the United States has seen in over 40 years." He has a point that the heavy icebreaker being built is the first  since the 1970s. If all goes according to schedule, construction will begin in 2020 with delivery in 2023. That puts the building phase within his first term, but as with any large project, the timeline can slip. Regardless, this has been an ongoing project that has been receiving funding from the government since 2013. Trump’s statement implied that the efforts to build the icebreaker came from his administration when in fact it was already in progress before he took office. We rate this  .
Statement: People with pre-existing mental health conditions have access to firearms and not health care.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 4, 2019
Topics: health care;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post says people with pre-existing mental health conditions have access to firearms and not health care. There are gaps in both gun control and health care systems. But the post leaves a  impression that anyone with pre-existing mental health conditions can’t get health care coverage when, in reality, it’s only a slice of all health insurance plans that don’t have to comply with federal rules about pre-existing conditions.  We rate this post .
Statement: It is more difficult to obtain a Costco membership than it is to get a NYC Municipal ID
Speaker: ron castorina, jr.
About the speaker: Ron Castorina, Jr. is a Republican New York State Assemblyman from Staten Island.
Date: November 28, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: immigration;terrorism
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Castorina, the assemblyman from Staten Island, claimed in a press release that "it is more difficult to obtain a Costco membership than it is to get a NYC Municipal ID." Getting a membership at Costco requires an application and a photo ID on your first visit to the store. A municipal ID in New York City requires more documentation and takes longer to process. The only obstacle to getting a Costco membership that might make it more difficult for some people is the cost. The New York City ID card is free. A Costco membership starts at $55 annually. We rate his  as .
Statement: A quarter of our workers make $18,000 per year.
Speaker: teresa ghilarducci
About the speaker: Teresa Ghilarducci is the Bernard L. and Irene Schwartz Chair in Economic Policy Analysis at the New School for Social Research in New York City.
Date: December 15, 2013
Topics: economy;jobs;poverty;workers;punditfact
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "Up"
Fact-check justification: Ghilarducci said that "a quarter of our workers make $18,000 per year." Census data backs up this top-line number, but beneath the surface, there are reasons for caution. The number she cites does not refer exclusively to full-year, full-time jobs. Rather, it includes lots of people who had a low income because they worked in a part-time job, or worked for just part of the year. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: The U.S. gives foreign aid to Cuba and Venezuela, even though those countries are our enemies.
Speaker: ted poe
About the speaker: Ted Poe, of Humble, was initially elected to the U.S. House in 2004. He'a a former judge.
Date: February 9, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;foreign policy
Context: a House floor speech
Fact-check justification: However, Chavez has made his opposition to U.S. aid clear, and has even gone so far as to prosecute some opponents who have taken it. Meanwhile, the aid sent to Cuba is certainly not going into the government’s coffers, and it, like the Venezuela aid, is considered far likelier to undercut the government than support it. We take no position on the wisdom of Poe’s bill, but we do think his description of U.S. aid to Venezuela and Cuba is . The relatively small amounts of money sent to those two countries is primarily going to bolstering an opposition to their governments. So while there is a tiny sliver of  that some U.S. aid could end up going to supporters of Chavez (though not to the Chavez government itself, nor to the Cuban government), we think the overall message of Poe's  -- that U.S. taxpayers are being forced to prop up unfriendly, undemocratic governments -- is so inaccuate that we are rating his statement .
Statement: The city of Portland has won more national Constitution contests than any city in America.
Speaker: earl blumenauer
About the speaker: Earl Blumenauer is the Democratic representative for Oregon's 3rd Congressional District. He was elected to the US House of Representatives in 1996. He started in politics in the Oregon Legislature in 1972, where he served three terms. In 1978, he was elected to the Multnomah County Board of Commissioners, where he served for eight years before being elected to the Portland City Council in 1986. He was a city commissioner for 10 years.
Date: August 23, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: debates;education
Context: a forum
Fact-check justification: "None that I know of. I'd say Earl is RIGHT!" wrote Barbara Rost, program director, in an email. PolitiFact Oregon agrees. The statement is .
Statement: Video shows Marjorie Taylor Greene planted pipe bombs at Republican and Democratic party headquarters on Jan. 5, 2021.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 27, 2022
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Last year, we rated !   a  that an image showed Greene tweeted something suggesting she was being investigated for the matter. The tweet was fabricated. Finding no  to substantiate the suggestion that Greene is the DNC and RNC pipe bomb suspect, we rate this  . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this post.
Statement: Says "(t)his 12 year council 'Seat-warmer' has never chaired, vice chaired, or led a single Council committee meeting.
Speaker: bill powell
About the speaker: Bill Powell, a transportation consultant, is a candidate for the Atlanta City Council.
Date: October 8, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: "He should check and double-check all of his information." Powell could have done more research, such as reading Smith’s biography on the City Council’s website. It has information about committees she has chaired. He admitted the error. This , obviously, is .
Statement: Conventional generators are very thin right now because Texas has gone to so many renewables.
Speaker: institute for energy research
About the speaker: The Institute for Energy Research is a market analytics non-profit founded in 1989.  
Date: April 16, 2021
Location: texas
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: "   That modus operandi appears to be at play here too.    There’s a kernel of  to Bradley’s statement — renewable energy did falter in April due to weather patterns, and renewable energy has had an indirect impact on thermal energy investments.  But the Houston Republic article only focuses on these elements while ignoring the fact that nearly half of the state’s natural gas fleet was offline on April 13 for maintenance.   We rate this  .   Editor's note: This article was updated to correct Charles Koch’s role in the founding of the Institute for Energy Research.