chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The number of coronavirus deaths is "almost nothing.
Speaker: donald trump jr.
About the speaker: Donald Trump Jr. is the son of President Donald Trump and his former wife Ivana Trump.
Date: October 29, 2020
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a Fox News appearance
Fact-check justification: Trump said the number of coronavirus deaths is "almost nothing." Experts rejected the , which came on a day when the U.S. reported roughly 1,000 new coronavirus deaths. The country leads the world with over 229,000 total COVID-19 deaths.  With those numbers, it’s  to say deaths are down to "almost nothing." Trump pointed viewers to a post on his Instagram account that appeared to show provisional death counts from the CDC. But his post left out a key CDC disclaimer, which said that such provisional counts are incomplete due to lags in reporting death certificate results. The result was a gross misrepresentation of where the trend lines are heading. We rate this  !
Statement: The COVID-19 vaccines "suppress the immune system" and make people more susceptible to HIV, shingles and herpes.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 22, 2021
Topics: health care;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: A doctor claimed getting vaccinated against COVID-19 would weaken a person’s immune system and make them more susceptible to other illnesses. Studies into the efficacy of the vaccines have found that they actually strengthen a person’s immunity. There has been no  that links a weakened immune system to the COVID-19 vaccines.  We rate this  . ​
Statement: Says Ronald Reagan "talked about" converting the United States to the metric system.
Speaker: lincoln chafee
About the speaker: Lincoln Chafee is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He served one four-year term as Rhode Island's governor, beginning on Jan. 4, 2011. He was the first Independent to be elected to that office. He subsequently became a Democrat. As a Republican, he served as mayor of Warwick from 1992 to 1999, when he was appointed to the U.S. Senate following the death of his father, Sen. John H. Chafee. He was elected to a full Senate term in 2000. He is married with three children. In April 2015 he formed an exploratory committee to consider running for President.
Date: June 7, 2015
Location: national
Topics: government regulation;regulation
Context: comments on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Chafee said, "Reagan talked about" converting to the metric system. The issue of metrication rose at the very beginning and at the very end of Reagan’s presidency. However, Chafee’s statement implies that Reagan had more than a passing interest in the issue, but that doesn’t seem to be the case. The metrication process started before Reagan took office. He slowed the process to a standstill by taking away funding. He was silent on the issue for the next six years until he signed a law that directed federal agencies to make a more concerted effort to transition to metric units when practical -- though it’s unclear how much influence Reagan’s White House had on that tiny aspect of a 1,000-page omnibus bill. Without this additional context, Chafee’s  is off by a few yards. Or meters. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton "has donated every cent she's ever earned from speaking fees to charity.
Speaker: occupy democrats
About the speaker: Occupy Democrats, founded in 2012, is an advocacy group created to counterbalance the Republican tea party, and to "give President Obama and other progressive Democrats a Congress that will work with them to grow the economy, create jobs, promote fairness and fight inequality, and get money out of politics!"
Date: June 16, 2015
Topics: candidate biography;punditfact
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Occupy Democrats claimed Clinton "has donated every cent she's ever earned from speaking fees to charity." That’s a misreading of Clinton’s comments in 2014, when she said speaking fees at colleges and universities were donated to the Clinton Foundation. Clinton’s financial disclosure form includes 51 speeches in which Clinton was compensated directly. This  rates .
Statement: More women were killed by their husbands or boyfriends since Sept. 11 than "all the Americans who were killed by 9/11 or in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Speaker: gloria steinem
About the speaker: Gloria Steinem is a writer, lecturer, editor, and feminist activist. 
Date: October 1, 2014
Topics: crime;terrorism;women;punditfact
Context: an AP interview
Fact-check justification: Steinem said that more women were killed by their husbands or boyfriends since Sept. 11 than "all the Americans who were killed by 9/11 or in Afghanistan and Iraq." You can argue about the significance of such a comparison, but on the numbers, Steinem is accurate. Since Sept. 11, 2001, more women  have been killed by "intimate partners" -- the federal jargon for current or former spouses -- than all of the victims in Sept. 11 and the American victims in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan that ensued. We rate her  .
Statement: Says Barack Obama "counted on Sandy Adams" to approve stimulus spending.
Speaker: john mica
About the speaker: John Mica is a Republican congressman from Winter Park-based Congressional District 7 in Central Florida. As of January 2011, he is chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee.
Date: July 25, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: message machine 2012;stimulus;voting record
Context: a mailer
Fact-check justification: Mica says Obama counted on Adams to approve stimulus spending. That's not the case. Congress approved the stimulus in 2009, before Adams took her seat in 2011. Adams did vote for two state budgets that contained stimulus money, as did many other Florida legislators who opposed the federal law. Likewise, Mica himself lobbied for stimulus projects in Florida once the stimulus became law. Mica's mailer is  and hardly offers an apples-to-apples comparison. Adams couldn’t have voted on the stimulus program because she wasn’t even a member of Congress at the time. We rule this statement !
Statement: Right now, America has $1.1 trillion of student debt. That's more than credit card debt.
Speaker: mark warner
About the speaker: Mark Warner, a Democrat, has represented Virginia in the U.S. Senate since 2009. He serves on the Banking, Budget, Commerce and Intelligence committees. He is the honorary co-chairman of the Forward Together PAC.
Warner gave the keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Warner previously served as governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006. He also ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1996. Before public office, Warner was an early investor in the cell phone business, co-founded the company that became Nextel.
Warner was born in Indianapolis, Ind., and grew up in Illinois and Connecticut. Warner graduated from George Washington University, Washington, D.C. He received a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass.
Date: May 29, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: debt;education;message machine 2014
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Warner said, "Right now, America has $1.1 trillion of student debt. That’s more than credit card debt." His figure on student debt is accurate and total U.S. credit card debt in the first quarter of this year was $659 billion. We rate Warner’s statement .
Statement: During his governorship: "Every single city and county in Virginia, their unemployment dropped, and in most of the rural communities, it dropped more than 50 percent.
Speaker: terry mcauliffe
About the speaker: Terry McAuliffe, a Democrat, was elected governor of Virginia on Nov. 5, 2013. He received 47.8 percent of the vote in defeating Republican Ken Cuccinelli, who came in at 45.2 percent. Robert Sarvis, a Libertarian, finished a distant third with 6.5 percent.
McAuliffe's inaguration as Virginia's 72nd governor is scheduled on Jan. 11, 2014.
McAuliffe, a wealthy businessman and noted political fundraiser, was co-chairman of President Bill Clinton's 1996 reelection campaign. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2001 to 2005 and chairman of Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2008. In 2009, McAuliffe unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Virginia governor.
McAuliffe was born in Syracuse, N.Y., on Feb. 9, 1957. He has a bachelor's degree from The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., and a law degree from Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, D.C. McAuliffe has lived in Fairfax County for more than 20 years, is married and has five children.
 
Date: November 28, 2018
Location: virginia
Topics: jobs
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: McAuliffe said that during his term as governor, "Every single city and county in Virginia, their unemployment dropped, and in most of the rural communities, it dropped more than 50 percent." He’s right on the first part; every Virginia locality did experience decreases in unemployment. McAuliffe governed during boom years, and every state saw steep a drop in unemployment. The second part of his statement, that most rural communities saw a 50 percent fall in unemployment, comes up a little short. If McAuliffe had said most rural localities had seen a 45 percent drop in their number of unemployed people, he would have been correct. Recognizing that governors have little impact on the economy, we rate McAuliffe’s statement .
Statement: The Muslim Brotherhood has "openly stated they want to declare war on Israel.
Speaker: glenn beck
About the speaker: Glenn Beck is the host of The Glenn Beck Program, a nationally syndicated talk-radio show. He also hosts an Internet-based TV show. Beck formerly hosted a television talk show on CNN Headline News and then Fox News.
Date: February 4, 2011
Location: national
Topics: israel;foreign policy;pundits;terrorism
Context: a comment on his television show
Fact-check justification: But it is not our duty to protect Israel from Palestinians. We are not guards for Israel." So some members of the Muslim Brotherhood may be calling for war. But the ones who say that don’t speak for the group; and the ones who do speak for the group, don’t say that. We rate Beck’s  .
Statement: Residential property taxes [in Providence] are up nearly 27 percent under Mayor Taveras.
Speaker: gina raimondo
About the speaker: Gina Raimondo served a four-year term as Rhode Island's general treasurer beginning in Jan. 4, 2011 before being elected governor in 2014. She cofounded and served as a general partner of Point Judith Capital. She is a graduate of Yale Law School and a Rhodes Scholar. She is married with two children.
Date: April 28, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: city budget;negative campaigning;taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: In a news release, State Treasurer Gina Raimondo said, "Residential property taxes [in Providence] are up nearly 27 percent under Mayor Taveras." If Raimondo had consistently said that the tax rate had increased nearly 27 percent, PolitiFact Rhode Island would have viewed this  differently. But the Raimondo "Just the Facts" news release misstates the facts, claiming taxes increased by nearly 27 percent. That's a  assertion, especially coming from the campaign of the current general treasurer, who is also a finance expert and presumably understands municipal finance. We rate it   ! (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Repealing and replacing Obamacare – that's going to save $1 trillion over a 10-year period.
Speaker: george allen
About the speaker: George Allen was a U.S. senator from 2001-2007. He was governor of Virginia from 1994-1998.
Date: October 8, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: debt;health care
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Allen, in describing how he would cut debt, said repeal of the health care act would "save $1 trillion over a 10-year period." The three studies he cites from conservative analysts don’t put the debt reduction anywhere near $1 trillion -- the closest he gets is $701 million in a report commissioned by the House Republican leadership. And a report by the nonpartisan CBO says the repeal of Obamacare would increase debt by $109 billion over 10 years. We rate Allen’s  .
Statement: The ice caps were going to melt, they were going to be gone by now, but now they're setting records, so okay, they're at a record level.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 26, 2018
Location: national
Topics: climate change
Context: an interview with Piers Morgan
Fact-check justification: Trump said that the ice caps are at record levels. They are not. The numbers show that the extent of the ice at both poles is smaller than it was decades ago. The shrinkage is more striking in the Arctic, but the overall trend is downward at both ends of the earth. By no means are the ice caps at record high levels. We rate this  !
Statement: A $5-a-night hotel/motel tax that's part of the transportation bill will hurt Georgia's convention business by adding extra costs for large groups coming to the state.
Speaker: michael t. owens
About the speaker: Michael T. Owens is the president and CEO of the Tourism Leadership Council in Savannah
Date: April 1, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: tourism;taxes
Context: a news report
Fact-check justification: That is, there are downsides to levying any new tax or fee. But part of that risk can be mitigated by the business eating some of the cost – additional context that shows there is not always a price increase with a new fee. More money is headed to state coffers if the transportation plan becomes reality. But the state is not requiring hotels, which change their rates constantly as a reflection of demand, to raise rates. Considering that caveat, we rate Owens’ statement .
Statement: Infertility is treated differently than other issues and "often excluded from insurance coverage
Speaker: kelda helen roys
About the speaker: Kelda Helen Roys, a Madison Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2008 and served until 2012. In 2012, she lost to Mark Pocan in the race for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. House of Representatives. She is running for the Democratic nomination for governor in 2018. An attorney, Roys is the former executive director of NARAL Pro-Choice Wisconsin, which supports abortion rights.
Date: April 26, 2023
Location: national
Topics: children;families;health care;wisconsin
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Roys said "infertility is treated differently from other illnesses and diseases, and is often excluded from insurance coverage."  Several states, including neighboring Illinois, require some level of infertility coverage by insurance companies in their state, but Wisconsin does not currently have any coverage requirements. And academic research articles have reported that "only 25% of health insurance plans in the United States cover infertility treatment." For a statement that is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing, our rating is .
Statement: Hank Aaron and Marvelous Marvin Hagler died "after taking the COVID-19 vaccine.
Speaker: aubrey huff
About the speaker: Aubrey Huff is a former Major League Baseball first baseman who played for the San Francisco Giants, Baltimore Orioles and Tampa Bay Rays.
Date: March 14, 2021
Topics: public health;sports;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Aubrey Huff claimed that Hank Aaron and Marvelous Marvin Hagler died "after taking the COVID-19 vaccine," suggesting that the deaths were linked to the vaccine. The medical examiner said Aaron’s death was natural and not linked to the vaccine. It is not yet known whether Hagler received a COVID-19 vaccine or what caused his death, but his wife said it was not the vaccine. With no  to back this , we rate it .
Statement: As a sign of "extraordinary progress," "there are half as many (primary-age) children out of school today as there were 15 years ago.
Speaker: gayle smith
About the speaker: Gayle Smith is USAID administrator.
Date: March 9, 2016
Topics: global news service;education;foreign policy
Context: a speech on Capitol Hill
Fact-check justification: Smith said that there are half as many primary-age children out of school today as there were 15 years ago. That’s a bit high. Smith took the words in an UN report that described the gains as "almost half" and dropped the qualifier. That would be a minor issue except the UN language itself was based on a projection that runs counter to the findings of the UN’s main agency on education, UNESCO. Based on hard data, the actual number is about 40 percent, and most important, the trend since 2010 is negative. We also note that the global figure masks large regional differences where progress has been absent or much more limited. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: To qualify for Ohio SNAP benefits, "now a family of 3 can make up to $3,660 a month and it used to be $2,700, so it's gone up almost $1,000 a month.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 6, 2022
Location: ohio
Topics: families;food;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said that to qualify for Ohio SNAP benefits, "now a family of 3 can make up to $3,660 a month and it used to be $2,700, so it’s gone up almost $1,000 a month." For fiscal year 2022, the gross income limit for a household of three to qualify for SNAP benefits in Ohio and most other states was $2,379. For fiscal year 2023, the limit will be $2,495.  That’s an increase of $116, not nearly $1,000. We rate this  . Update, Oct. 6, 2022: This fact-check has been updated to better reflect that a Facebook user shared a screenshot of a chart on Snapscreener.com and cut out necessary context from that website. The rating is unchanged.
Statement: I've been outspent by my opponents every time I've run for U.S. Senate.
Speaker: russ feingold
About the speaker: Russ Feingold served as a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Wisconsin from 1992 until 2010, when he was defeated for re-election. An attorney, he previously served 10 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. Following his Senate defeat, he founded Progressives United, which says it mission is to "stand up to the exploding corporate influence in our political system by organizing and amplifying the voices of those who believe that corporations have too much power." Feingold is running against U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, the man who defeated him, in the 2016 election.
Date: September 14, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a TV interview and multiple other sources
Fact-check justification: On Election Day, one Democrat faces one Republican. That’s the choice for voters. And that’s the approach we use. Tossing in the kitchen sink leads us to throw in a match. We rate Feingold’s statement !
Statement: First indictment issued in Russian bribery case tied to Obama-era Uranium One deal.
Speaker: republican news
About the speaker: A blog with Republican-oriented news.
Date: January 13, 2018
Topics: fake news;legal issues;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A website called Republican News said a recent bribery indictment is tied to the Uranium One deal. There was an indictment, but the Justice Department did not connect it to the sale of shares of Uranium One to Rosatom. The indictment was the latest step in a 2014 investigation of a kickback scheme that defrauded a Rosatom subsidiary. That investigation had already secured two guilty pleas. The reports that tied the indictment to Uranium One offered no  of a connection. If new information from the Justice Department emerges, we’ll revisit this. But for now, we rate this  .
Statement: Ticketmaster is planning mandatory COVID vaccine identification for concert attendance.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 12, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Ticketmaster linked to a section on its website detailing COVID screening requirements , where it said it’s "not forcing anyone to do anything. Just exploring the ability to enhance our existing digital ticket capabilities to offer solutions for event organizers that could include testing and vaccine information with 3rd party health providers." Ticketmaster, which sells tickets for some event organizers, doesn’t have the power to make policies concerning COVID-19 safety requirements, the company said. Any such requirements "always would be up to the discretion of the event organizer, based on their preference and local health guidelines." We rate this Instagram post .
Statement: Says "Ammar Campa-Najjar is working to infiltrate Congress" and "is being supported by CAIR and the Muslim Brotherhood.
Speaker: duncan hunter
About the speaker: Duncan D. Hunter is a member of Congress representing California's 50th District. He has served since 2009 and was preceded in office by his father Duncan Hunter.
Date: September 26, 2018
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Hunter said, "Ammar Campa-Najjar is working to infiltrate Congress" and "is being supported by CAIR and the Muslim Brotherhood." Neither group can do so under federal law, and there is no  that they have broken the law to donate to his campaign. Campa-Najjar has received more than a dozen personal donations from people who happen to be CAIR volunteers. We could find no connection to the Muslim Brotherhood. This is an unsubstantiated accusation that rests on fear-mongering. We rate the statement .
Statement: Marines are investigating 3 ancient pyramids discovered in Antarctica.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 2, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: In reality, there’s just one, and it’s a mountain . "This is just a mountain that looks like a pyramid," Eric Rignot, a professor of Earth system science at the University of California, Irvine, and a senior research scientist at NASA, told LiveScience in 2016. "Pyramid shapes are not impossible — many peaks partially look like pyramids, but they only have one to two faces like that, rarely four. "   The mountain doesn’t have a formal name, but it’s one of many peaks in the continent’s Ellsworth Mountains.  Mauri Pelto, an environmental science professor at Nichols College, told LiveScience that freeze-thaw erosion likely caused the pyramid-like shape of this mountain and others, such as the Matterhorn in the Alps. We rate this post .