chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Rep. Frank Wolf voted to allow terror suspects to buy guns.
Speaker: mayors against illegal guns
About the speaker: Mayors Against Illegal Guns describes itself as a coalition of U.S. mayors that works to help law enforcement target illegal guns.
Date: July 25, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: terrorism;guns
Context: a web ad
Fact-check justification: There’s no doubt that Wolf, sitting in the House Appropriations Committee, voted against an amendments to budget bills that would have allowed the attorney general to deny firearm sales to those suspected of abetting terrorism. Wolf had concerns that the legislation could trample the civil liberties of innocent people and objected to the procedure of bypassing Judiciary Committee -- a panel that has quashed similar bills since 2007. Mayors Against Illegal Guns goes a step further in saying Wolf "voted to allow terror suspects to buy guns." That’s an inflammatory statement that suggests Wolf put gun rights ahead of protecting the nation from terrorists. It ignores Wolf’s spurned offer in 2011 to work with the sponsor of the amendment to find a compromise that could keep guns away from suspected terrorists while protecting the rights of those who have been unfairly placed on the government’s watch list. So the mayors’ statement has accuracy, but omits important details about Wolf’s position. We rate it .
Statement: Says Mitt Romney has flip-flopped on abortion rights.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: October 30, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: abortion
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Romney’s views on abortion rights today are clearly different from what he expressed in 1994 and 2002. Most significantly, Romney earlier voiced support for the Roe decision; now, he says it should be reversed. We rate Perry’s  that Romney flip-flopped on abortion rights .
Statement: Hurricane Sandy, the most destructive Atlantic storm ever.
Speaker: environment new jersey
About the speaker: Environment New Jersey is a statewide, citizen-based environmental advocacy group.
Date: December 18, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: environment;climate change;corrections and updates;weather
Context: an online post about global warming
Fact-check justification: Environment New Jersey claimed that October’s Hurricane Sandy is "the most destructive Atlantic storm, ever." Sandy may be the most destructive storm to hit a part of the Eastern Seaboard but in terms of most destructive Atlantic storms, that title goes to Katrina, which formed in the Atlantic and whose damages topped $100 billion, according to Hurricane Center data. Sandy, however, is very high on the list, with damages totaling at least  $82 billion. Still, that’s not number one in today’s dollars or compared with storms adjusted for inflation in 2010. We rate this statement . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com . Correction:  This report has been corrected: Speaker of the House John Boehner represents Ohio, not Illinois.
Statement: Jackie Evancho's album sales have skyrocketed after announcing her inauguration performance.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 4, 2017
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: pop culture
Context: In a tweet
Fact-check justification: (She was also streamed much more often.) Though sales for the week of Dec. 23 to Dec. 29 went down from about 14,000 to 9,000, that number is still about 50 percent higher than from the week of Dec. 2 to Dec. 9. That is the last full week BuzzAngle Music has data for. Besides, rockets typically come down. We rule the  .
Statement: President Barack Obama's policies "have resulted in gas prices being reduced from $3.07 per gallon when he was sworn in in 2009 to $2.30 today.
Speaker: bobby scott
About the speaker: Bobby Scott, D-3rd, has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1993. The district is comprised of all of Charles City and Surry counties and Petersburg and Portsmouth and portions of Henrico and Prince George counties and Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk and Richmond. Scott has seats on the Judiciary and Education and Labor committees.
Scott previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1979-83 and in the state Senate in 1983-93. He was a member of the National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve. He was a lawyer in a private practice from 1973-91.
Scott was born in Washington, D.C. He earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., in 1969 and a law degree from Boston College in 1973.
Date: January 9, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: energy
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Scott says Obama’s policies have resulted in a 77-cent per gallon drop in the price of gas since the president took office. Scott’s office acknowledges its numbers were . At this writing, gas has actually increased by 36-cents a gallon since Obama entered the White House. That’s because at the time of his inauguration, volatile gas prices had dipped to the lowest levels in the last 10 years. Experts say presidents have little control over the cost of filling your car. Gas prices rise and fall in response to worldwide economic conditions, production decisions made by oil-producing nations, and the investment decisions of oil companies. Obama didn’t cause the roller coaster rise is gas prices that began shortly after his first inauguration, nor did he cause the sharp fall that now thrills drivers. So we rate Scott’s statement .
Statement: I am the only senator who turned down the state pension plan for part-time legislators.
Speaker: don balfour
About the speaker: State Sen. Don Balfour is a Republican from Snellville.
 
Date: April 15, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: pensions
Context: campaign flier
Fact-check justification: He repeated that statement in a flier that he sent out to constitutes. When we contacted ERS officials last week, they told us they had "since discovered there is another senator who is not a member of LRS." Our ruling: Balfour’s campaign flier says he is the only senator who has not signed up for a legislative pension. He made the  based on information his office had been given by the state Employee Retirement System. We rate Balfour’s statement as .
Statement: The intent behind the bill recognizing Juneteenth as a federal holiday "is to replace the Fourth of July.
Speaker: matthew rosendale
About the speaker: Matthew Rosendale is seeking the Republican nomination in Montana’s 2018 U.S. Senate race. He is currently Montana's state auditor.
Date: June 16, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: congress
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Rosendale said in a June 16 tweet that the intent of the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act is to "replace the Fourth of July." His  was later echoed on Fox News by Tucker Carlson who said that the act will create "a new Independence Day, to supplant the old one."  The act only creates a new federal holiday on June 19 — the day that Union soldiers arrived in Galveston in 1865 to spread the news that slavery had been abolished. All other federal holidays are left in place.  We rate this  .
Statement: A photo of Ukrainians with paintball guns proves the war is staged.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 16, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts have previously misrepresented photos of people in Ukraine holding wooden guns during training exercises as proof the war is .   Trudy Rubin, a foreign affairs columnist for the Philadelphia Inquirer, wrote from outside of Kyiv in February that civilian trainees were "practicing with cardboard guns or plastic paintball guns or hunting rifles from home until they are provided military weapons. "  Even members of the U.S. military have used paintball guns for training exercises.   The war in Ukraine is real, and it has been well-documented by reporters and citizens on the ground in the country.   We rate claims that this photo proves it’s being staged .
Statement: The Kochs stand to make around $100 billion if the government approves the Keystone XL pipeline.
Speaker: thom hartmann
About the speaker: Thom Hartmann is a liberal TV and radio talk show host. He hosts The Big Picture, which airs on RT.
Date: November 7, 2014
Topics: environment;energy;punditfact
Context: a segment on his RT show
Fact-check justification: The  here is that the Koch brothers will turn a $100 billion profit if the Keystone XL pipeline is constructed, essentially doubling their net worth. As we’ve shown, the Kochs hold oil leases in Canada. We're not ruling out that they could benefit in some ways from the Keystone XL pipeline. But trying to extrapolate their oil-sands leases into a specific profit figure is sheer folly. The authors of the report that tried to do so made so many assumptions and mistakes that experts deemed their analysis "." We rate it !
Statement: BUSTED: CDC Inflated COVID Numbers, Accused of Violating Federal Law
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 1, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A blog post headline reads, "BUSTED: CDC Inflated COVID Numbers, Accused of Violating Federal Law."  There is no  to suggest that the CDC has inflated the number of U.S. coronavirus deaths. In fact, experts agree it is more likely that coronavirus deaths are being undercounted. We rate this  .
Statement: The price of soybeans has fallen 50% since 5 years before the election. A big reason is bad (terrible) trade deals with other countries.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 20, 2018
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;trade
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said soybean prices have fallen since 2012 and a big factor was bad trade deals.   Trump’s link between trade deals and falling prices is misplaced. Experts who know agriculture say it comes down to supply and demand. On the supply side, weather is the single most important factor, followed closely by more productive growing techniques. On the demands side, look to China. American farmers have benefited from current trade rules. Their largest buyer is China, where sales to China have tripled since 2005. The United States has no trade deal with China. It does have a trade deal with Mexico, where sales gradually increased and plateaued in recent years. Trump is correct that soybean prices have fallen, but his point about trade deals ignores the real drivers. We rate this  .
Statement: When undocumented children are picked up at the border and "told to appear later in court ... 90 percent do not then show up.
Speaker: jeff flake
About the speaker: Jeff Flake, a Republican, represents Arizona in the U.S. Senate. He was elected to the Senate in 2012, after serving in the U.S. House.
Date: July 8, 2014
Location: national
Topics: immigration;children;legal issues;foreign policy
Context: an interview on the PBS "News Hour"
Fact-check justification: Flake said that when undocumented children are picked up at the border and "told to appear later in court ... 90 percent do not then show up." Historically, the rate has ranged between 20 percent to 40 percent, settling in at about 30 percent in 2012, the most recent full year for which data is available. A more recent estimate for children specifically, made by the director of the office responsible for handling such cases, is that the current no-show rate for children is 46 percent. That’s still quite high, but it’s only half what Flake said. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Thomas Jefferson said "that government is best which governs least.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: May 14, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: history;government regulation
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Berkes told us that she has done some further research and it's still clear the quote isn't Jefferson's. We also found that "Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations" also attributes the quote to the United States Magazine and Democratic Review. Our rating Walker said it was Thomas Jefferson who said "that government is best which governs least." While it may match closely with Jefferson’s views, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation lists the quote as one of the many that are mistakenly attributed to Jefferson. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: Says she got unions to agree to "about $10 million in reduction" of salaries and health benefits while serving as Dane County executive in Wisconsin.
Speaker: kathleen falk
About the speaker: Kathleen Falk, a Wisconsin Democrat, lost a bid in 2012 for the Democratic nomination to run against Gov. Scott Walker in a recall election. Falk served as the Dane County executive from 1997 to 2011. She ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2002 and for state attorney general in 2006.
Date: January 8, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: county budget;county government;labor;unions
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: But they didn’t dispute the fact that her agreements with the unions saved about $10 million. Our conclusion Falk said she used collective bargaining to reduce Dane County employee salaries and health benefits by "about $10 million." The deals create the possibility that the county will have higher payouts for pensions and vacations in future years, but that is not certain. What is known is that the deals have saved the county more than $10 million in salaries and health benefit costs. We rate Falk’s statement .
Statement: Trump on revamping the military: We're bringing back the draft.
Speaker: realnewsrightnow.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: April 29, 2016
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: an Internet post
Fact-check justification: Four were educational deferments for attending college and one was a medical deferment for heel spurs. Some opponents labeled Trump a " draft dodger ." The goal of the story was obviously to play off this issue. For whatever reason, social media seemed to recently rediscover the story, which many must have thought was real. But it’s , so we rate it !
Statement: There's a mosque inside of the Pentagon.
Speaker: kendrick meek
About the speaker: Kendrick Meek is a former U.S. Representative for Congressional District 17 in Miami, serving from 2003 to 2011. He campaigned for the U.S. Senate and was defeated on Nov. 2, 2010.
Date: August 15, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: homeland security;religion
Context: Miami
Fact-check justification: So back to the question -- Was Meek correct in stating there is a mosque inside of the Pentagon? No; the Pentagon spokesman is emphatic that it's not a mosque.  While Meek later added in his statement that there was also a chapel, the two are one and the same. He was correct in identifying that there was a place of worship and daily prayer for Muslims, but misspoke when calling it an actual mosque inside of the Pentagon. We rate his  .
Statement: Video shows Kamala Harris talking nonsensically about today, tomorrow and yesterday.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 3, 2023
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: According to the transcript , Harris said, "So, I think it’s very important — as you have heard from so many incredible leaders — for us, at every moment in time, and certainly this one, to see the moment in time in which we exist and are present, and to be able to contextualize it, to understand where we exist in the history and in the moment as it relates not only to the past, but the future." But Harris did not repeat the words "yesterday," "today" and "tomorrow" over and over, as the manipulated video shows.   PolitiFact has reported previously on the telltale clues that prove a video’s not real. The  that a video shows Kamala Harris talking nonsensically about today, tomorrow and yesterday is !   RELATED: How to detect deepfake videos like a fact-checker
Statement: Today in America, we have more people in jail than any other country on Earth.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: October 13, 2015
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice
Context: the first Democratic debate
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that America has more people in jail than any other country. It’s likely he means the population in state and federal prisons, along with those in local jails. The latest federal census found more than 2.2 million people behind bars in the United States. A research center in England reports that China ranks second with about 1.65 million prisoners. But the Chinese figure fails to include many thousands of people in detention centers, and we don’t know how many that would be. Regardless, based on population size, America has an incarceration rate higher than any other nation. We rate the  .
Statement: ABC News has confirmed that attendees to Trump WH Rally were paid. $150. ea and had to sign an NDA.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 12, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The ABC News story doesn’t mention $150 or a nondisclosure agreement.   We reached out to the national director of BLEXIT to ask about the post but did not immediately receive a reply.   However, this Facebook post gives the impression that every person who attended the event at the White House on Oct. 10 was paid $150 and had to sign an NDA. There’s nothing in the ABC News story to support this, and we didn’t find any other news coverage to corroborate this .   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: George P. Bush to place statue of (Mexican general) Santa Anna at the Alamo.
Speaker: rick range
About the speaker: Rick Range is a former candidate for Texas Land Commissioner. 
Date: December 10, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: history
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In a Facebook post, Range said "George P. Bush to place statue of Santa Anna at the Alamo." This  is . There are no current plans to include a statue of Santa Anna at the Alamo.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says the U.S. gives Israel "$3 billion annually" in aid and zero to Detroit.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 16, 2019
Topics: federal budget;foreign policy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A social media post says that while Israel receives $3 billion from the U.S. in aid annually, Detroit gets "zero." It is  that Israel receives billions from the U.S. in foreign aid each year, making it the largest recipient of foreign assistance over the last several decades.  But it is not  that Detroit gets zero dollars from the federal government. The city receives much less than Israel directly, but it routinely collects tens of millions in revenue from federal funds. And that doesn’t include all the indirect federal funding that residents of Detroit benefit from. We rate this post .
Statement: Gov. Ron DeSantis "signed a $1 billion tax increase on the people of our state, on our consumers, yet gave a $500 million tax break to our corporations.
Speaker: nikki fried
About the speaker: Nikki Fried is the chair of the Florida Democratic Party and Won't Back Down political action committee. Fried lost the Democratic primary for Florida governor in 2022. Previously, she served as the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Commissioner. Before that, she worked as a lawyer and marijuana lobbyist and as the head of the felony division of the Alachua County public defender. 
Date: June 9, 2021
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview with WINK TV
Fact-check justification: Fried said DeSantis "signed a $1 billion tax increase on the people of our state, on our consumers, yet gave a $500 million tax break to our corporations."  In April, DeSantis signed an online sales tax law that the state predicts will generate an extra $1 billion a year. Online shoppers were supposed to be paying these taxes if they were not charged, but hardly any did. Florida’s new law puts it in line with other states that have statewide sales taxes. The tax break refers to a bill the state Legislature passed in 2018, before DeSantis was governor, in response to the federal tax law. The bill resulted in refunding corporate taxes above a certain threshold so that their payments would remain roughly the same. Democrats called for DeSantis to cancel the refund, a request he denied. Fried’s claims have an element of  but ignore critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this statement . RELATED: Sticker shock: Ron DeSantis  cost of gas pump stickers with Nikki Fried's picture
Statement: Says spending in the fiscal 2009 budget was lower than spending in the fiscal 2014 budget
Speaker: barbara buono
About the speaker:  Barbara Buono is a Democratic state senator representing part of Middlesex County. Buono previously served in the State Assembly from 1994 to 2001.
Date: June 26, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: state budget
Context: a state Senate budget hearing
Fact-check justification:   Buono said during a speech on the Senate floor about the fiscal year 2014 budget that its spending level is higher than spending under the fiscal year 2009 budget. Buono chaired the Senate Budget and Appropriations Committee when the 2009 plan was drafted and ultimately approved by Corzine.   The OLS confirmed Buono’s , noting that spending for fiscal year 2009 was $32.86 billion, compared with $32.97 billion for fiscal year 2014.   We rate Buono’s  .   To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .