chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Federal agents are going "door-to-door coercing people to be injected with experimental drugs.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 10, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Some communities have augmented the effort with on-site mobile vaccination clinics for those who want the shot. But there is no indication that the door-to-door tactics involve coercion — the use of force or threats to compel someone to do something they are unwilling to do. What’s more, the COVID-19 vaccines approved for emergency use in the U.S. are not "experimental drugs." They were subjected to clinical trials involving tens of thousands of people before being given emergency use authorization. We rate this  .
Statement: The Trump administration has denied "4.2 million American workers overtime.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: June 17, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: jobs;workers
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The Florida Democratic Party said the Trump administration has denied "4.2 million American workers overtime." In 2016, the Obama administration set a rule that would have raised the salary threshold for overtime pay, which it said would extend overtime to 4.2 million more workers.  The Democrats omit that the Trump administration has proposed raising the salary threshold to extend overtime to about 1.3 million workers. That’s less than Obama’s proposal, but not a denial to all 4.2 million workers. We rate this statement .
Statement: Farmers "are now dumping milk into the ditches" because of a trade dispute with Canada
Speaker: chris collins
About the speaker: Chris Collins is the Republican congressman representing New York's 27th Congressional District.
Date: April 28, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: agriculture;economy
Context: an interview with Bloomberg
Fact-check justification: Collins said farmers "are now dumping milk into the ditches" because of a trade dispute with Canada. The Canadian dairy industry's new pricing for ultra-filtered milk affects dairy processors and farmers in upstate New York, but we could not find any who have dumped their milk because of the trade dispute. It has been more difficult for dairy producers to find a market for their product for the last few years because of a persistent milk glut in the United States. Collins points out the dispute has made it harder for processors to bring milk to market. Indeed, farmers might begin dumping their milk soon if the trend continues. But we found no , and he has not provided any, that it has happened yet. We rate his  .
Statement: Says that while his plan would narrow the time for early voting, "it still will be one of the most aggressive early voting time frames in America.
Speaker: jon husted
About the speaker: Jon Husted is running as Mike DeWine's running mate for the 2018 Republican primary for governor. Husted was elected Ohio secretary of state in 2010. He previously was a state senator from Ohio's 6th district and served two terms as speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives.
Date: April 7, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: elections
Context: remarks to the Ohio League of Women Voters
Fact-check justification: Ohio would rank 21st among 34 states that offer early in-person voting and 39th among 47 states that offer absentee voting. His assertion is so , it’s . And as the top elections officer in the state of Ohio, he has a responsibility to get it right. For that kind of statement, PolitiFact Ohio "aggressively" strikes a match to his well-tailored trousers. We rate Husted’s  .
Statement: More than two-thirds of the aliens the Obama administration has brought to the United States under the president's Central American Minors program weren't actually minors at all.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 1, 2016
Topics: immigration;homeland security;punditfact
Context: an MRCTV post
Fact-check justification: An article by MRCTV said, "More than two-thirds of the aliens the Obama administration has brought to the United States under the president's Central American Minors program weren’t actually minors at all." Per State Department data, 83 percent (1,370) of 1,644 individuals who have come to the United States through the program have been under 22 years old and qualifying minors, including 484 people (29 percent) under 18 years old. Though 18 is generally considered the age of adulthood, for immigration purposes, an unmarried person under 21 is considered a "child," meeting the qualifying age for the minors program. Some individuals who were 21 were admitted because they were under the age at the time of their application. MRCTV’s statement is accurate but needs additional clarification. We rate it .
Statement: The Virginia Employment Commission is sixth in the nation for getting benefits to eligible people quickly…
Speaker: ralph northam
About the speaker: Before he was inaugurated as the 73rd Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia, Ralph Northam served as an Army doctor, pediatric neurologist, business owner, state Senator and Lieutenant Governor.
A native of Virginia’s Eastern Shore, Northam was educated at the Virginia Military Institute.  After graduation, Northam was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army. He served eight years of active duty and rose to the rank of major.
He attended Eastern Virginia Medical School and then traveled to San Antonio for a pediatric residency, where he met his wife Pamela, a pediatric occupational therapist at the same hospital.  Northam did his residencies at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center and served as chief neurological resident at Johns Hopkins Hospital. As an Army doctor, he served in Germany, treating soldiers wounded in Operation Desert Storm.
Date: August 18, 2021
Location: virginia
Topics: jobs
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: That ranks sixth and includes a crucial period in spring 2020 when unemployment claims skyrocketed because of the coronavirus crisis. Breaking up the statistics, however, shows Virginia’s performance has declined as the number of unemployment claims dropped. In April through June 2021 - the latest financial quarter for which complete statistics are available - 57% of Virginians received their first checks within three weeks. That ranked 38th in the nation. So, there’s a little bit of cherry picking in Northam’s statement that Virginia is ranked sixth, and we rate it .
Statement: George Floyd's 'murder' filmed before COVID-19.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 14, 2020
Topics: criminal justice;crime;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: After he gets out of the car, he puts on gloves. Starting around the 2:35 mark, another officer — Thomas Lane , one of the four charged in Floyd’s death — walks away from the people he was speaking with toward the security camera; he’s clearly wearing a face mask, too.   Around the 6:15 mark, another person standing among a gathering crowd can be seen wearing a face mask.   Around the 6:39 mark, a man in a brown uniform can be seen wearing a mask as he helps load Floyd’s stretcher into an ambulance. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says he's "never voted 'present' in the House instead of taking a yes or no position.
Speaker: roger williams
About the speaker: Roger Williams won election to represent the newly created Congressional District 25 in 2012. He is a former Texas secretary of state, the state's chief elections officer. He was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2001 as chairman of the Republican National Finance Committee’s Eagles fundraising program and also has served as state finance chair for John Cornyn's 2002 Senate campaign, according to his campaign website.
Date: July 19, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;congress
Context: an interview on "Mornings with Maria" on the Fox Business Network
Fact-check justification: Williams said he’s never voted "present" instead of taking a position on issues before the House. That’s backed up by research we elicited from the founder of the GovTrack.us website. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: If you work 40 hours a week at the proposed minimum wage of $10.10 an hour, "you get out of poverty.
Speaker: charles schumer
About the speaker: Charles Schumer is a Democratic senator from New York and the Senate majority leader.
Date: May 5, 2014
Location: national
Topics: children;economy;families;jobs;poverty
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Schumer said a new minimum wage of "$10.10 is important for one reason … It's the bare minimum. You work 40 hours a week, you get out of poverty." Raising the wage to $10.10 an hour does indeed put two-, three- and four-person households with one working member above the poverty line for the first time. But it doesn’t achieve a similar feat for one-person households (which already exceed the poverty line under the old, $7.25 wage) or for households of five or more people (who still wouldn’t earn enough with the $10.10 wage to escape poverty). Since the households helped by the $10.10 wage account for 46 percent of all impoverished households, Schumer is right slightly less than half the time. We rate his  . UPDATE, May 8, 3:15 p.m.: This item has been updated to clarify what calculations we made when determining the percentage of minimum wage workers's households who would be lifted out of poverty due to a rise to $10.10.
Statement: Ted Cruz tried to ban contraception" five times.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: December 1, 2015
Location: national
Topics: abortion;health care
Context: a post on her campaign website
Fact-check justification: The post on Clinton’s website claims "Ted Cruz tried to ban contraception" five times. There’s little doubt that Cruz is a strong opponent of abortion, and as such, he and other anti-abortion advocates find certain types of contraception objectionable. But the Clinton campaign’s examples don’t exactly show Cruz trying to push across-the-board bans on contraception. The strongest conclusion about Cruz’s views that one could draw from these examples is that he might support a ban on certain types of contraception (but not all) through his support for a personhood amendment. The other examples are even more limited and deal with what employers would be required to pay for, for instance, or whether a major birth control provider should continue to receive federal funding. The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Says TikTok found Cassie Compton, who has been missing from Arkansas since 2014.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 14, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) Compton has not been found. The anniversary of her disappearance is in a few days: She was last heard from on Sept. 14, 2014, the Stuttgart Daily Leader reported . We rate this post .
Statement: Says "Tim Michels wants to defund public education — calling it 'the definition of insanity' to continue to fund public schools.
Speaker: tony evers
About the speaker: Tony Evers, a Democrat, was elected Wisconsin governor in November 2018. His term begins in January 2019. Evers has served as the Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction, a non-partisan position, since 2009. He previously worked as a teacher and school district administrator.
Date: October 6, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: children;education;elections
Context: Campaign email
Fact-check justification: Evers claimed that "Tim Michels wants to defund public education — calling it ‘the definition of insanity’ to continue to fund public schools."  The latter part of that statement misconstrues Michels’ quote, which criticized increased funding to public schools without getting better results, but did not imply he’d choke off funding altogether. Michels has not said he wants to completely defund public schools, and in using the loaded phrase Evers is aiming for a visceral response akin to the idea of defunding the police. But as a proponent of expanding school choice, Michels could oversee cuts to public schools as a result of a major expansion of the private-school voucher program, especially if the funding system stays the way it is now.  Our definition of  is a statement that contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That fits here.
Statement: Says President Barack Obama said "that American exceptionalism is no more exceptional than the exceptionalism of any other country.
Speaker: rudy giuliani
About the speaker: Rudy Giuliani is the former mayor of New York City. He was born in Brooklyn in 1944 and previously served as a federal prosecutor, as well as an associate attorney general under President Reagan. He graduated from Manhattan College and earned a law degree from New York University Law School. He has been married since 2003 to Judith Nathan and was married twice before. He has two children, Andrew and Caroline. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: February 23, 2015
Topics: foreign policy;patriotism;punditfact
Context: the 'Wall Street Journal'
Fact-check justification: Giuliani claimed that Obama said "that American exceptionalism is no more exceptional than the exceptionalism of any other country." In a response in which he repeatedly praised American exceptionalism and what it has offered the world, Obama also said, "I suspect that the Brits believe in British exceptionalism and the Greeks believe in Greek exceptionalism." That is a pretty obvious and benign statement, and it’s hardly the same as Obama putting his opinion of American exceptionalism on the same level as Greek exceptionalism, as his full remarks show. We rate Giuliani’s  .
Statement: A simple review of the Backroom's health code records will reveal that the restaurant already has a long-standing problem with rodent infestations.
Speaker: shawn o'connor
About the speaker: O'Connor is the founder of Stratus Prep, a test preparation and admissions counseling firm. He has not held political office before.
Date: April 25, 2016
Location: new hampshire
Topics: animals;ethics;food safety
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: O’Connor said the Puritan Backroom restaurant has a "long-standing problem with rodent infestations."   Inspection records from the last decade show officials have never noted rodents inside the restaurant. While more than five years ago inspectors noted gaps where pests could potentially enter the restaurant, none have been documented inside over the last ten years. That's a far cry from a long-standing infestation.  We rate this  !
Statement: When you look at the number of crashes before the cameras were installed compared to after, they're virtually the same.
Speaker: steve acenbrak
About the speaker: Steve Acenbrak first joined the City of Roswell as its Deputy Transportation Director in 2001. He has more than 28 years of engineering and management experience, according to the city's website. Acenbrak served as Roswell’s Transportation Director from 2002 – 2006. He returned on October 20, 2008, after working two years as the Director of Civil Engineering for Pond & Company.
Date: November 11, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: public safety;transportation
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: "We still have red-light runners, but they’re not causing crashes," he said. To summarize, Acenbrak said the number of wrecks at Roswell’s red-light camera intersections was virtually the same before and after the cameras were installed. At Ga. 9 and Holcomb Bridge Road, it was almost identical. At Ga. 9 and Mansell Road, the ratio of wrecks after the cameras were installed was smaller. With that bit of clarity about the Mansell Road intersection, we rate Acenbrak’s  .
Statement: Twenty-five states have lower unemployment than Texas" which is "tied with Mississippi for more minimum-wage jobs than anywhere in the United States.
Speaker: lloyd doggett
About the speaker: Rep. Lloyd Doggett was initially elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994.
Date: August 11, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: jobs
Context: an interview with ABC TV
Fact-check justification: Washington, which has a state minimum wage rate higher than the federal rate, had the lowest share of hourly workers paid at or below minimum wage, 1.1 percent. In sheer numbers, Texas had 268,000 hourly workers earning minimum wage and 282,000 paid below the minimum wage, the bureau says, the most of any state by a wide margin. Almost 13 percent of the nation’s hourly workers paid at or below the minimum wage were in Texas, the second most-populous state with more than 25 million residents, or about 8 percent of the nation’s population, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Mississippi, with almost 3 million residents, had 34,000 and 29,000 hourly workers, respectively, earning the minimum wage or less. We rate Doggett’s statement .
Statement: If Donald Trump "didn't win Michigan why does the actual government site say he did?
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 4, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The unofficial Michigan election results now on the secretary of state’s website — last updated at 5:54 p.m. on Nov. 9 — show Biden with 2.79 million votes, or 50.57%. Trump won 2.64 million votes, or 47.91%, according to the page. We rate this Instagram post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Says Mitt Romney flip-flopped on abortion.
Speaker: jon huntsman
About the speaker: Jon Huntsman was the governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009. He served as ambassador to China from 2009 to 2011. He is a Republican candidate for president in 2012. 
Date: October 28, 2011
Location: national
Topics: abortion;message machine 2012
Context: a web advertisement
Fact-check justification: Abortion opponents may disagree on exactly where on the anti-abortion spectrum Romney falls, and questions have been raised about how fully and quickly Romney made his ideological transition after the event he cites as the spark -- a meeting with a Harvard stem-cell researcher in 2004. Still, we believe these issues are outside the scope of the  in Huntsman’s ad. Simply put, Romney’s views on abortion are vastly different today than what he expressed in the 1994 and 2002 debates. Huntsman’s  that Mitt Romney flip-flopped on abortion rates a .
Statement: This race will be the Democrats' top target this November.
Speaker: debra lehrmann
About the speaker: Debra Lehrmann, was elected to the Texas Supreme Court in 2010 after serving as a judge in Tarrant County for more than 20 years.
Date: April 5, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: elections;states
Context: a mailer
Fact-check justification: In the last 30-day reporting period before the general election that year, Moody spent $23,434 while Chris Bell, the Democratic nominee for governor, reported spending $2.9 million. Where does all this leave Lehrmann's statement? We didn't find anyone who agreed with Lehrmann that the Supreme Court seat would be the Democrats' top fall target -- or any other indicators, such as surging campaign donations. Besides, her campaign's explanation for the statement includes a caveat -- a Green runoff victory -- that was not spelled out in her mailer. We rate her speculative statement as .
Statement: We're the only major gas-producing state in the US that doesn't have a severance tax.
Speaker: tom wolf
About the speaker: Tom Wolf is a Democrat running for the gubernatorial nomination in Pennsylvania in 2014. Wolf, a businessman, served as state revenue secretary in 2007 and 2008 under Democratic Gov. Ed Rendell.
Date: February 22, 2021
Location: national
Topics: taxes;pennsylvania
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Even Democrats who represent the region have called Wolf’s tax "misguided. "  Our ruling  Wolf said Pennsylvania is "the only major gas-producing state in the US that doesn’t have a severance tax." That’s correct. Pennsylvania does not tax the materials extracted from the ground, as many other gas-producing states do. We rate Wolf’s statement .
Statement: Since 2000, nearly 12 million Americans have slipped out of the middle class and into poverty.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: July 18, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;new hampshire 2012;poverty
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: On Sanders’ side, he used a solid number, and he’s clearly right about the underlying trend -- despite some ups and downs, there are more impoverished Americans today than there were in 2000, both measured by raw numbers and as a percentage of the population. But we think he goes too far when he suggests these 12 million Americans simply fell from the middle class into poverty. And he ignores the fact that as those 12 million Americans were slipping into poverty, many, many Americans were simultaneously climbing out of poverty. On balance, we rate Sanders’ statement .
Statement: Says Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine released 4,300 prisoners and is now warning residents of a possible crime wave.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 16, 2020
Location: ohio
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that DeWine released "4,300 prisoners" and is now warning residents of a possible crime wave. We found no  that DeWine warned Ohioans of any impending crime wave, and he has released around 130 inmates who were either nearing the end of their sentences, or who had served half their sentences and had multiple underlying health conditions. We rate this .