chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Here in California, Donald Trump has given $12,000 to Jerry Brown, Gavin Newsom and Kamala Harris.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: April 30, 2016
Location: california
Topics: campaign finance;elections
Context: a speech at the California Republican Party Convention
Fact-check justification: Ted Cruz said Donald Trump gave $12,000 to three top California Democrats, including Gov. Jerry Brown. Campaign finance data show Cruz’s  is accurate. But Cruz leaves out the fact that the donations to the California governor took place a decade ago, before the Democrat ran for re-election to the state’s top office. Trump’s contributions to the other Democrats took place in 2009, 2011 and 2013. In the end, we rate the  . --------  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: President Barack Obama suggested on national TV that the Democratic health care bill "will have government decide" that a healthy, 100-year-old woman in need of a pacemaker "should take a pain pill" instead.
Speaker: dan lungren
About the speaker: Dan Lungren is a Republican member of the House of Representatives from California.
Date: July 28, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: He was not advocating, much less requiring, bureaucrats to make a potentially life-ending decision for a centenarian. “I don’t want bureaucracies making those decisions,” Obama said. One can be skeptical about whether Obama’s promises to keep the government out of doctor-patient decisionmaking will hold if health care legislation becomes a reality. But Lungren goes beyond that to distort what the president actually said. We rate Lungren’s  .
Statement: Over $13 million worth of crops have ROTTED in California, all because no one is willing to work jobs vacated by migrants.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 28, 2017
Topics: agriculture;immigration;food;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: LeftScoop.com said, "Over $13 million worth of crops have ROTTED in California, all because no one is willing to work jobs vacated by migrants." The post, which has since been removed, is almost entirely copied from uncredited articles from two more reputable news outlets. There is a labor shortage in central California’s agricultural corridor, but that $13 million is just for Santa Barbara County, not the whole state, as was implied. The association that determined the total also noted there was no data on whether the crops had really been left to rot in fields. The dollar figure was measured through a survey of farmers’ potential lost revenue. As for the reasons for the shortage, LeftScoop.com drastically oversimplifies the issue in the text by interjecting that Trump’s immigration policies are to blame for a lack of migrant workers. For starters, the data is from 2015, more than a year before Trump became president. This post is partially accurate, but not much more. We rate it .
Statement: The legislation ... that Senator McCain supports would provide the authority for the federal government to surveille American citizens in their own country without any suspicion whatsoever that they're engaging in discussions with terrorists or about criminal activity.
Speaker: bob barr
About the speaker: Former Congressman Bob Barr was the Libertarian Party's presidential nominee for 2008. Barr served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1995 to 2003. Currently he runs Liberty Strategies LLC, a consulting firm with offices in Atlanta and Washington, D.C.
Date: June 29, 2008
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;terrorism
Context: an interview with Fox News
Fact-check justification: The FISA law, as it's informally known, does not permit the targeting of a U.S. citizen overseas without such a warrant. And the plan under consideration in Congress contains some safeguards to protect "reverse targeting" of Americans while outlining so-called "minimization" procedures intended to limit the information that can be retained and disseminated on U.S. citizens. Still, as written, the plan would permit the government under certain circumstances to listen to Americans without a warrant. And it would not require the executive branch to demonstrate that a suspect is engaged in terrorist or criminal activity. For these reasons, we deem Barr's  .
Statement: The Trans-Texas Corridor is dead.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: January 14, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: a campaign blog entry during the GOP gubernatorial debate
Fact-check justification: Texas still has a long-term transportation plan, but it’s not the TTC. In a January 2009 statement describing the changes being made to TTC, Amadeo Saenz, executive director of TxDOT, said that the new plan would be called Innovative Connectivity in Texas/Vision 2009 and that any projects that had existed under TTC, such as an I-35 twin, would be developed individually, if they happened at all. Summing up: We found that some language in the state Transportation Code and the much-altered highway I-69 project survive from Perry’s original TTC vision. But its centerpiece paralleling I-35 is truly dead, and beyond that, the corridor plan retains only a faint statutory pulse. We rate Perry’s statement as .
Statement: Says wearing face masks is more harmful to your health than going without one.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 8, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts say that wearing a mask causes health problems, particularly from breathing in too much exhaled carbon dioxide. There is no credible data to back that up. Experts say prolonged use of N95 respirator masks can increase blood CO2 levels for people with breathing problems, but those masks are not recommended for the general public, and using ordinary cloth or surgical masks poses little or no risk from CO2.  We rate this .
Statement: Photos show someone in a President Joe Biden mask at the State of the Union.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 8, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: These posts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) These claims are unfounded, and fodder that we’ve dug into before , as people see skin folds, shadows and age as  of a plot to mislead the public about who the commander in chief really is.   It’s Biden, and on Feb. 8, he delivered a speech before Congress.   We rate these posts !
Statement: Bernie (Sanders) is a communist.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 24, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Walker says without qualification that Sanders "is a communist." He offers as  Sanders’ past visits to communist countries and statements praising communist leaders.  But experts detail clear differences between Sanders’ democratic socialism — which focuses on democratically achieved expansion of social welfare programs — and any commonly accepted definition of communism. Sanders isn’t pushing for authoritarian rule, government ownership of all private property or an end to capitalism. We rate Walker’s  .
Statement: Image shows Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky "has joined the front lines with his troops.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 27, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Aviation experts have said it is doubtful a single fighter pilot could down six planes in a day, PolitiFact reported .   A Facebook video says an image of Zelensky in military fatigues shows him on the frontline with his troops. Zelensky has filmed himself numerous times and said he is defending the capital of Kyiv from advancing Russian troops. But this photo is from 2021. We rate this  .
Statement: Arizona is spending "less on a per-capita basis than every single state in this country in higher education.
Speaker: michael m. crow
About the speaker: Michael M. Crow is Arizona State University's 16th president. 
Date: January 26, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: education
Context: front of the state Senate Appropriations Committee
Fact-check justification: Crow said, "We are now investing, not just a little bit less than other places, (but) markedly less on a per-capita basis than every single state in this country in higher education." Arizona is not the worst, they’re 49th, for the current fiscal year in funding higher education. Crow said he made his comparison among conservative states, but New Hampshire, the worst for higher education funding based on the study he cited, appears to be in the middle of the political spectrum. Nevertheless, Arizona has endured the sharpest decline in state higher education funding from fiscal year 2015 to fiscal year 2016. Even on a per student basis, their spending dropped 47 percent, more than any other state, from 2008 to 2015.  Given the context, we rate Crow’s  as .
Statement: A Time magazine cover calls Donald Trump the "Worst. President. Ever.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 18, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .)   The  cover story being shared on social media shows a doctored image of Trump with part of his face appearing as a skeleton. "How Donald Trump has disgraced the highest office in the nation," it says, along with the words "divider," "liar," "rapist," "thief," "usurper," "manipulator," "collaborator" and "traitor. "  Kristin Matzen, a spokesperson for Time, told us that the image in the Facebook post is not an authentic Time cover.   We rate this post .
Statement: Ninety percent of the job growth in Virginia has been in the private sector.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: July 13, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: A report by Stephen S. Fuller, director of the Center for Regional Analysis at George Mason University, found that in fiscal 2008, Department of Defense spending funded an estimated 268,200 full-time equivalent employees of federal contractors in Virginia. Let’s review: Asked about how much the federal government is boosting Virginia’s jobs picture, McDonnell countered that it’s the private sector that’s been driving the commonwealth’s job growth. The governor said the private sector has accounted for about 90 percent of the state’s job growth and figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics back up his . Although many private sector jobs in Virginia are created through federal government contracts, there are no definitive statistics detailing the number. We rate the governor’s  .
Statement: Photo shows Joe Biden "doesn't wear a mask on a plane.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: November 1, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The image ran in a story in Vogue magazine about Remi Yamamoto, Biden’s traveling national press secretary. The caption says: "Yamamoto and Biden huddle on a flight to South Carolina in November 2019." We rate this tweet . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: The Obama administration made a decision on testing that turned out to be very detrimental to what we're doing" on the coronavirus.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 4, 2020
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a meeting at the White House
Fact-check justification: Trump said the Obama administration made a decision that "turned out to be very bad" for detecting the COVID-19 virus. The White House pointed to a new FDA policy that made it easier for labs to use their own methods to detect the COVID-19 virus. But the FDA never had firm legal authority over those labs.  The new policy still asks labs to apply for Emergency Use Authorization. The shift is that once they apply, they can get to work before getting the nod from the FDA. The policy that had been in place had its roots in guidance that dates to at least 2007, and before that, to a 2004 law, before Obama took office. We rate this  .
Statement: Immigrants are responsible for 96 percent of our small biz growth since 2000.
Speaker: jim kenney
About the speaker: Mayor of Philadelphia and former City Councilman
Date: March 27, 2017
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: immigration;city government;economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: After PolitiFact PA contacted representatives for the mayor, Kenney retweeted his earlier message with a new note that the figure was referring to Main Streets specifically. Since 2000, immigrants were responsible for 96% of Philly’s Main Street small biz growth. Get the facts: https://t.co/5Igw5ytfZM https://t.co/wDP8u0rybw     Our Ruling Kenney originally tweeted that "immigrants are responsible for 96% of our small biz growth since 2000." This is not , and his office, after PolitiFact Pennsylvania made them aware of the error, has since acknowledged that. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Gov. Rick Scott "ended $20 million in funding for mental health care despite Florida already ranking at the bottom.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: February 19, 2018
Location: florida
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The Florida Democratic Party said that Scott "ended $20 million in funding for mental health care despite Florida already ranking at the bottom." There’s little doubt that Florida ranks near the bottom when it comes to mental health funding, but the first half of the Florida Democratic Party’s  needs context. A nonrecurring funding stream for substance abuse and mental health block grants did end under Scott’s watch. Scott could have used his executive authority to fill the gap, but chose not to do so. In other words, Scott did not end the grant, he just didn’t do anything to fill the gap in funding despite having the opportunity to do so. We rate this  .
Statement: There was virtually no new business investment" after the 2017 tax law. "The bulk was used to buy back their own stock.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: January 28, 2019
Location: national
Topics: corporations;taxes
Context: Fort Lauderdale
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "There was virtually no new business investment" after the 2017 tax law. "The bulk was used to buy back their own stock." Economists agree that business investment after the tax law has been underwhelming, but it was an exaggeration for Biden to say there was virtually none. Investment did increase, especially in the goods-producing sector. As for stock buybacks, a new record was set in 2018, but research suggests that it was driven by particularly large buybacks by a small number of firms, rather than a broad swath of companies. This casts doubt on Biden’s contention that the buybacks consumed "the bulk" of the tax law’s proceeds. We rate the statement .
Statement: If anyone should know irresponsible it should be Senator Buono. She's the one, her budget left us with a $2 billion budget deficit in fiscal 10 that I had to fix. Her mistakes. And for fiscal year 2011 an $11 billion budget deficit. Her mistakes, along with her partner Jon Corzine.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: April 22, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: debt;state budget
Context: a statement on NJ101.5 FM's "Ask the Governor" program
Fact-check justification: Christie said, "If anyone should know irresponsible it should be Senator Buono. She’s the one, her budget left us with a $2 billion budget deficit in fiscal 10 that I had to fix. Her mistakes. And for fiscal year 2011 an $11 billion budget deficit. Her mistakes, along with her partner Jon Corzine." Although the budget is the chief responsibility of the governor, many are responsible for negotiating the document that ultimately becomes the state’s spending blueprint, Caprio said. Buono chaired the senate budget panel for the budgets referenced by Christie, but neither she nor Corzine are completely responsible for the deficits. Many factors were at play. We rate Christie's  .   To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: After I had resigned or announced my resignation, I abolished -- I prohibited pay-to-play for people that had county or state contracts.
Speaker: jim mcgreevey
About the speaker: Jim McGreevey served as New Jersey governor between January 2002 and November 2004.
Date: October 10, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: candidate biography;ethics
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: In a radio interview, McGreevey claimed he "prohibited pay-to-play for people that had county or state contracts" after announcing his resignation in August 2004. McGreevey did issue an executive order, but that only dealt with state contracts. Also, the regulations did not represent a complete prohibition on such political donations, and some loopholes were left in place. However, since McGreevey put in motion what is considered one of the strongest laws in the nation, we rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Under Common Core standards, it takes "more than a minute" to teach a student "how to add nine plus six.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: February 1, 2015
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: interview on Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: Abbott said that under Common Core standards, it takes "more than a minute" to teach a student "how to add nine plus six." There is a video that shows a teacher demonstrating how to add nine plus six to make 15, and it takes just under a minute. But the method she uses is not explicitly required by the Common Core standards, though the standards suggest this approach for teaching addition to first-graders. Abbott’s  is , though, in that it implies that this method takes an unusually long time or teaches something in a new way. These methods have been around for years and pre-date Common Core. In fact, they align with Texas’ own state standards. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context, so we rate it .
Statement: Says Scott Brown co-sponsored legislation to let employers deny women coverage for mammograms.
Speaker: jeanne shaheen
About the speaker: Jeanne Shaheen is a Senator from New Hampshire.
Date: September 29, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: health care;legal issues;women
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Shaheen said Brown co-sponsored legislation to let employers deny women coverage for mammograms. The amendment, which Brown supported, was written loosely enough to allow a religious-conscience opt-out for almost any conceivable form of preventive care. But it didn't target mammograms, as Shaheen implied. And while the amendment would have protected religious-conscience objections, we failed to uncover any  that mammograms have inspired religious opposition, either now or in the past. The  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate the  .