chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: An Ohio ballot issue would address the fact that "we've gone from paying about $100 for Epipens to over $600 ... We don't have a choice but to pay it and the drug companies know it.
Speaker: ohio taxpayers for lower drug prices
About the speaker: Proponents of Ohio's Issue 2 ballot initiative.
Date: August 29, 2017
Location: ohio
Topics: health care
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: A pro-Issue 2 ad in Ohio claimed, "We’ve gone from paying about $100 for Epipens to over $600. And they only hold about one dollar’s worth of medicine. We don’t have a choice but to pay it and the drug companies know it." There is a key difference in the "we" paying $600 -- a relatively small fraction of the privately insured population -- and the population for whom the initiative plans to lower prices. The majority of those covered by state-sponsored insurance, like Medicaid, already pay a $0 co-pay. The campaign didn’t provide  of the impact on other state-insured populations, though it could have a significant impact on the smaller prison population, which does not face the same rebates as the Medicaid program. The ballot initiative would have no formal effect on prices for the privately insured, and the trickle-down effect for market prices remains speculative. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Florida is one of a few or perhaps the only state "that has a statewide review of local land use and zoning decisions.
Speaker: chris dorworth
About the speaker: Chris Dorworth is a state representative serving District 34. He was first elected in 2007.
Date: April 21, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: environment;transportation
Context: comments on the House floor
Fact-check justification: This is a tough  to rule on for a couple of reasons. First, Dorworth oversimplified things when he said Florida reviews local land use decisions. The state review is of changes to comprehensive plans. Second, Dorworth said only that he  might be right that Florida is the only state in the country with a state review procedure. Our analysis shows that Florida has a unique form of state review, but it's not the only state to have some oversight. Some are certainly less stringent. Vermont and Rhode Island offer incentives to provide oversight, while Washington offers just technical assistance to local governments. Oregon is similar in that major changes -- in its case, an expansion of the urban service boundary -- require state approval. And Hawaii has a system with a great amount of state oversight. Here's what Dorworth said: "This is ripe for a PolitiFact, but I've asked in almost every committee we've seen this bill -- I don't believe any other state in the union has a system like we do. I think we might be the only (state) in the United States of America that has a statewide review of local land use and zoning decisions. And that means we are 50th, or 49th at worst, in terms of the fact that we have to get our local decisions approved through the state." If you look at each sentence, Dorworth's first sentence is largely , his second sentence is really not (except for adding might ), and his third sentence is somewhere in between. The best way to explain this, perhaps, is to say that many states have procedures to review some local planning decisions, but Florida has more regulatory authority than most states. Acknowledging there is some room for debate here, we rate this  .
Statement: Says a poll showed Democrat Beto O'Rourke within 2 percentage points of Republican Sen. Ted Cruz.
Speaker: republican party of texas
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Texas says it promotes a conservative government philosophy in the Lone Star state.
Date: July 14, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: a fundraising email blast
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Texas said a recent poll showed O’Rourke within 2 percentage points of Cruz. Through July 4, 2018, Civiqs says, its polling of Texas registered voters placed Cruz with 48 percent support and O’Rourke with 46 percent. It’s worth clarifying, though, that the results were rooted in respondents who opted in to be surveyed online by a company whose owners include a liberal political blogger. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information.Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Mickey Mouse was registered to vote (in Florida).
Speaker: eric eisnaugle
About the speaker: Eric Eisnaugle is a state representative representing House District 40. He was first elected in 2008.
Date: April 21, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: comments made on the House floor
Fact-check justification: What's worth noting is that, in all three stories Eisnaugle cited, the fraud was exposed. The only real impact was that students in 2004 were registered as Republicans when they wanted to be registered as something else. It's also worth noting that it's unclear how HB 1355 -- had it been part of election law -- would have altered any of the above three scenarios. Here's what Lyndsey Cruley, a spokeswoman for House Republicans, told us in response to our efforts to contact Eisnaugle. "If you listen to Rep. Eisnaugle’s remarks in full, it is clear that his entire speech was directed only toward the actions of some third-party registration organizations," she said. "Rep. Eisnaugle cited accurate information that such a third-party registration organization fraudulently submitted a registration for Mickey Mouse. In doing so, he intended to illustrate the need for provisions included in HB 1355 that would identify and prevent potential voter fraud from illegal voter registrations by third-party registration organizations. "Currently, there is no mechanism to identify which groups or person is responsible for submitting fraudulent registration forms and this measure would correct that, adding an additional layer of accountability to our state’s elections process. In sum, although Rep. Eisnaugle’s remarks could be interpreted, if taken out of context, in two different ways, he clearly intended to demonstrate that some third-party registration organizations have committed fraudulent actions here in Florida." Cruley is right that the bill would require third-party groups like the League of Women Voters to identify voter registrations they submitted. But we're checking Eisnaugle's  made on the House floor that Mickey Mouse was registered to vote. Mickey never got that far. Someone filled out an application for him, but the application included so many inaccuracies that -- even if mice were allowed to vote in Florida -- Disney's animated superstar would have had problems. To us, the application looks more like a dumb prank than attempted voter fraud. And it was rightly rejected by the elections supervisor. We rate this  .
Statement: Says North Carolina just landed an auto plant.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 15, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: economy
Context: several speeches
Fact-check justification: President Trump recently said an auto "company" or an auto "plant" has opened or would be opening in North Carolina. This  stands out in a state that has aggressively pursued automakers, but has so far fallen short. That’s because it’s not . Trump’s teams haven’t backed up his claims. Fact checkers can’t find  for them. And North Carolina’s Department of Commerce isn’t aware of any new, major automaker opening a plant in the state. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Adam Hasner said he will never accept a pay increase, but he voted to raise his pay four times.
Speaker: lois frankel
About the speaker: Lois Frankel is a former state legislator and West Palm Beach mayor who won her first seat for Congressional District 22 in Broward/Palm Beach in 2012.
Date: September 19, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Frankel’s ad says Hasner said "I'll never accept a pay increase," but he "voted to raise his pay four times." We have several criticisms of this . For starters, Frankel didn’t make it clear that Hasner said he would never accept a pay increase if elected to Congress -- it's possible to view the ad and falsely think he said that while accepting pay raises in the state House. There is a significant difference between saying that he would freeze his own congressional pay at around $174,000 and voting for overall budget bills that included measly pay raises in the state House that took his pay from $29,328 to $31,932 (and then back down again). Also, Frankel omits that Hasner’s pay was frozen or cut for a few of his years in the House. And for one of those votes he did vote for a pay raise, but then House members said that was an accident, and they ultimately didn’t get a raise. Yes, Frankel says that he "voted" for the pay raises -- not that he "received" them. Right away Hasner said that was a  and would be fixed, and it was. There is a small kernel of  here: Hasner did vote for three overall budgets that allowed himself to get a small pay raise. We rate this  .
Statement: The Anti-Defamation League classified "Let's go Brandon" as hate speech.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 26, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "Let’s go Brandon" emerged as a saying after an NBC reporter interviewing NASCAR driver Brandon Brown said the crowd could be heard chanting, "Let’s go, Brandon!" The NASCAR fans were actually booing the president with an expletive.   We’ve debunked previous  claims that both Canada and Facebook were banning the phrase — they’re not.   It’s also not in the ADL’s database. We rate this post !
Statement: A request for "an increase in troops sat on desks in this White House (during the presidency of George W. Bush), including the vice president's, for more than eight months, a resource request filled by President Obama in March.
Speaker: robert gibbs
About the speaker: Robert Gibbs served as White House press secretary for President Barack Obama. He now is a Democratic consultant.
Date: October 22, 2009
Location: national
Topics: afghanistan;foreign policy;military
Context: the daily White House press conference
Fact-check justification: The public doesn't have access to McKiernan's formal request for more troops. But we know that he was talking about it publicly in September 2008, at least 4 1/2 months before the end of Bush's term. And McKiernan told reporters his request went back nearly to the start of his taking over as the top U.S. commander four months before that. That would suggest Gibbs'  is correct that it had been sitting on desks in the White House for eight months. And so we rule his statement .
Statement: Atmospheric conditions could push a football's pressure "down approximately one-and-a-half pounds per square inch.
Speaker: bill belichick
About the speaker: Bill Belichick is the head coach of the New England Patriots football team.
Date: January 24, 2015
Topics: sports;punditfact
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Belichick said that moving the footballs from indoors to outdoors could explain the loss of about 1.5 pounds per square inch of pressure. Experimental and mathematical results are in that ballpark. Lab tests said air temperature alone could bring down the pressure by 1.1 pounds. The ideal gas law predicted a 1 pound loss. The rain that day would explain at least another 0.2 pound shift and possibly as much as 0.7. We lack firm numbers on the actual pressure drop in the Patriots footballs, as well as precise information on the starting and ending temperatures. Within the limits of what the physics alone can tell us at this point, the math gets us pretty close to what Belichick said. With allowances for the uncertain data, we rate the  .
Statement: Flip Flop! After opposing term limits for decades, Adam Putnam adopts Donald Trump and Ron DeSantis' position.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: June 6, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: voting record
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The Florida Democratic Party said, "Flip-flop: After opposing term limits for decades, Adam Putnam adopts Donald Trump and Ron DeSantis’ position." The Democrats are conflating Putnam’s general position against term limits for members of Congress and state government with a recent ballot initiative on school boards. They have a point that Putnam has long been skeptical of term limits, declining pledges to support them, criticizing them as impeding sound governance, and voting against them in 1992 as a young adult. Putnam’s most recent comments in support of term limits for school board members do suggest a change in tone, and they are in line with his opponent, DeSantis. However, Trump’s position on term limits is a red herring in this case. Trump has promised to enact congressional term limits, but has not specifically come out in support of term limits for school board members. A piece of  the Democrats provided relies on a suggested speech for Trump, and is not a stated philosophy. For a  that is partially accurate but omits critical context, we rate it .
Statement: Says Donald Trump's polling numbers show that he's "the highest with Hispanics that any Republican has ever been.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: September 10, 2015
Topics: polls and public opinion;punditfact
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Bachmann said Trump’s polling numbers show that he’s "the highest with Hispanics that any Republican has ever been." We didn’t even have to crack open the history books of all Hispanic support for all Republicans ever to disprove her . Trump sits — and in many cases, firmly — at the bottom of favorability polls among Hispanics compared to the other GOP candidates. We rate the  .
Statement: They're saying that 40 percent of the traffic that goes over [the Sakonnet River Bridge is from] out of state.
Speaker: john g. edwards
About the speaker: John G. "Jay" Edwards is a state representative whose district includes Tiverton and Portsmouth.
Date: February 7, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Rep. John Edwards said, "They're saying that 40 percent of the traffic that goes over [the Sakonnet River Bridge is from] out of state." The DOT says Edwards is correctly quoting Michael Lewis, who has been saying "approximately 40 percent" and whose source is a two-day traffic study commissioned by the DOT that concludes that the actual percentage is 35. Clearly, when he was talking to Glover, Edwards was saying that the data wasn't his and he told us, after the fact, that he had doubts about its accuracy. It turns out, he may have reason for skepticism. We rate the statement made by Lewis and repeated by Edwards  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Romney signed government-mandated health care with taxpayer-funded abortions.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: national
Topics: abortion;message machine 2012
Context: a video ad
Fact-check justification: Gingrich’s ad says "Romney signed government-mandated health care with taxpayer-funded abortions." What’s right about that? Romney did sign government-mandated health care, and Massachusetts does provide taxpayer-funded abortions. But the ad inaccurately links the two together. The law Romney signed did not mention abortion coverage. It was included by the state exchange, which created plans that mirror private insurance nationwide. And a court decision two decades earlier mandated that the cost of the abortions be included. You’d never know any of that based on the  wording in the ad. We rate it .
Statement: Russia has "tremendous numbers of nuclear warheads — 1,800, by the way — where they expanded, and we didn't.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 19, 2016
Location: national
Topics: homeland security;foreign policy;nuclear
Context: the third presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said Russia has "tremendous numbers of nuclear warheads — 1,800, by the way — where they expanded, and we didn't." Between 2011 and 2016, Russia has expanded its deployed strategic nuclear warheads from 1,537 to 1,796, while the United States decreased its deployed strategic nuclear warheads over the same period. But that statistic ignores that Russia’s total number of warheads, deployed and in its reserves, is about the same as the United States’. Both have about 4,500 nuclear warheads in their total stockpiles. And experts said the recent spike in Russia’s deployed weapons is temporary, rather than indicative of an upward trend. We rate his  .
Statement: Rev. Wright said "that al-Qaida and the American flag were the same flags.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: April 27, 2008
Location: national
Topics: patriotism
Context: Coral Gables, Fla
Fact-check justification: Wright never said the two flags are the same. His point is that the two are the same inasmuch as some from both sides use God to justify their cause. Now, that fuller context may not make people any more comfortable. But McCain's simplification of Wright's statement distorts its meaning. We rate McCain's statement .
Statement: In Washington, McCaskill joined the liberals for giving amnesty to 11 million illegal immigrants.
Speaker: senate leadership fund
About the speaker: Senate Leadership Fund is a Super PAC with the stated goal to "protect and expand the Republican Senate Majority." 
Date: September 11, 2018
Location: missouri
Topics: immigration
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: In 2013, McCaskill voted for a bill that would have given undocumented immigrants living in the country a path, albeit a long one, to citizenship. The Senate Leadership Fund’s  that she joined "the liberals" in supporting a bill that would have given "amnesty to 11 million illegal immigrants" is deceptive for three reasons: First, the bill was branded as a bipartisan solution to immigration reform and co-sponsored by four Republican and four Democratic senators. Second, the bill included numerous hurdles unauthorized immigrants would have had to overcome, including fines and background checks, before becoming eligible for full citizenship. Experts say it is a loose interpretation of blanket residency. Lastly, in 2013 there were approximately 11 million undocumented immigrants living in the United States, but given the exclusions and restrictions included in the 2013 bill, not all of them would have qualified to start the citizenship process under the Senate bill’s guidelines. For those reasons we rate this  .
Statement: Wisconsin's Government Accountability Board "ignored their duties and did not regularly audit" voters to remove felons "for a span of 16 elections.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: November 6, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;government regulation
Context: a series of tweets
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker said the state Government Accountability Board "ignored their duties and did not regularly audit" voters to remove felons "for a span of 16 elections." The GAB postponed the completion of post-election audits, due to concerns about  identification of felons, according to a Legislative Audit Bureau report. But the audit in question was not primarily designed to remove voters from the rolls as Walker claims. That work, which involves local clerks, comes before the election. For a statement that is partially accurate, but , we rate the  .
Statement: Says Mike Braun has supported two proposals and a lawsuit to end coverage for people with pre-existing conditions.
Speaker: joe donnelly
About the speaker: Donnelly is a Democratic Congressman representing the Second District of Indiana. He is running for U.S. Senate in 2012.
Date: August 13, 2018
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Twitter video
Fact-check justification: Donnelly said Braun has supported two proposals and a lawsuit to end coverage for people with pre-existing conditions. His campaign referred us to Republican proposals in the Senate, House and a lawsuit to end the Affordable Health Care Act, which entails ending key provisions like mandatory coverage for people with pre-existing conditions. Braun’s campaign reaffirmed such positions, but argued for a non-Obamacare way to cover pre-existing conditions. We rate this statement .
Statement: 'MAGA bomber' identified as former CNN employee who donated to heavily to Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 25, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This is pure, 100 percent certified  news. The FBI’s latest statement (as of the time we published) says only that an 11th package was recovered in Florida, addressed to Sen. Cory Booker, D-N.J. There’s been no announcement of any suspects, much less a person with ties to CNN or the campaign of Hillary Clinton. Stranger Than Fiction News also promotes the  story of crisis actors who pretend to be grieving survivors after gun massacres . Take this as your daily dose of   news.