chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: New U.S. Rep. Rashida Tlaib tweeted "Americans have spent decades raping and pillaging my people. What goes around comes around.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 4, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The  account also tried to make it appear as if Tlaib’s name was spelled correctly, but it wasn’t. It used an uppercase "i" in place of the lowercase "L" in her last name.  When her name is spelled accurately on Twitter, the result is that the lowercase "L" reaches higher than the "T" in her last name. When misspelled with an uppercase "i", that faux-"L" only comes in at about the same height as the T. Moreover, Tlaib’s Twitter following is around 277,000, a number more on par for a member of the U.S. House than the 30 followers the hoax account had amassed before it was removed. We rate this  !
Statement: President Obama's proposed 'spending freeze' will only reduce the $42 trillion in government spending proposed between 2011 and 2020 by little more than one-half of 1 percent.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: January 27, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: "In sum, the outlook for the federal budget is bleak," Elmendorf said. So how much of a dent would Obama's freeze make? "As a share of the total deficit problem, it is a small step," Elmendorf said. So Obama positioned the spending freeze as a way to rein in the country's mounting debt, and we think it's fair for Boehner to put those spending cuts in the context of overall spending. We rate Boehner's statement .
Statement: Says Ron DeSantis has not revealed $145,000 in receipts of public taxpayer money.
Speaker: andrew gillum
About the speaker: Andrew Gillum won the Florida primary for governor in August 2018 and lost the November election to Ron DeSantis. He is a former mayor of Tallahassee and member of the Tallahassee city commission.
Date: October 24, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a WPBF debate
Fact-check justification: Gillum claimed DeSantis has not revealed $145,000 in receipts of public taxpayer money. DeSantis like other members of Congress received an allowance to cover expenses related to official duties. DeSantis has not disclosed — in detail — how he spent more than $145,000 in travel. But DeSantis has disclosed broad description for the expenses. Some reported expenses are listed as "commercial transportation," but do not specify when or where the trip was taken. At least two travel expenses reported by DeSantis match the dates of 2017 appearances on Fox News shows. DeSantis’ campaign said those were official media appearances, because he was answering questions as a House member and had not yet entered the governor’s race. DeSantis is not legally required to disclose detailed reports of his travel. But a watchdog group said that without itemized it’s not entirely clear how DeSantis spent taxpayers’ money. Gillum’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: I am for protecting pre-existing conditions. … I actually co-sponsored legislation to do just that.
Speaker: chris jacobs
About the speaker: Chris Jacobs is a candidate for New York State Senate District 60. He currently serves as Erie County Clerk.
Date: October 21, 2020
Location: new york
Topics: health care
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: He did co-sponsor a bill that protects people with pre-existing conditions in certain respects. But experts said that to truly ensure that people with pre-existing conditions can access coverage, more comprehensive action is needed. If the ACA is repealed or struck down and this legislation is put in its place, people with pre-existing conditions could find the coverage they need to be unaffordable, they said.   So while his statement is accurate, it needs clarification. We rate Jacobs’  .
Statement: Who can you thank for rising prices at the pump? O-ba-ma! O-ba-ma!
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 21, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: But how lifting the moratorium would affect future prices is a separate question, (and a tricky one, as we explain here ). What the ad pins on Obama — and others who are "saying no to (new offshore) drilling in America" — are the price increases the country is currently enduring. That saddles the Illinois senator with a lot more influence than he has had. If one were to line up all the leaders in Washington who share some responsibility for the offshore drilling moratorium — the first President Bush, the Republican leadership of Congress, the Democratic leadership of Congress, the Florida delegation — there would be quite a few people ahead of Obama. We find McCain's  to be .
Statement: We have more hospitals that are children's hospitals than any other state in the union." 
Speaker: william g. batchelder
About the speaker: William G. Batchelder is speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives. He represents the 69th House District, which encompasses most of Medina County.
Date: September 18, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: health care
Context: an interview with The Plain Dealer
Fact-check justification: But the organizations referenced by the speaker’s staff in support of his  were not umbrella organizations that represent all children’s hospitals and their lists were far from complete. Even the two Ohio-based children’s hospital associations do not list the same number of hospitals, and neither lists every children’s hospital in the state. As an aside, there clearly appears to be a strong network of children’s hospitals in Ohio which draws the state high rankings in several areas of care, accessibility and amount of research taking place at the various institutions. But all that does not add up to having the most available hospitals of their kind as compared to other states, as Batchelder claimed. On the -O-Meter, the  rates .
Statement: Says a New York Post cover used the headline "YOU'RE FIRED" on Nov. 4 with an image of Donald Trump.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 8, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: That cover — the real one — read "NAILBITER."  "Trump defies polls, election on razor’s edge," the cover said alongside an image of a woman biting her nails. On Nov. 8, the day after the race was called for Biden, the cover said: "IT’S JOE TIME." We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: More Texans have jobs today than ever before in the history of our state.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: July 14, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: his speech kicking off his re-election campaign
Fact-check justification: Abbott said: "More Texans have jobs today than ever before in the history of our state." By raw numbers, the more than 12.87 million employed Texans in April 2017 set a record though that count had dipped to 12.85 million by the time Abbott spoke. Also, the state’s June 2017 jobless rate, 4.6 percent, exceeded the rate in more than 50 months since 1976 while Texas in 2016 (like the nation) had an employment-population ratio trailing what it used to be. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: This unit is the only one in the state that strives to implement the principles of Mother-Friendly care as outlined by the national Coalition for Improving Maternity Services Mother-Friendly Childbirth Initiative.
Speaker: coalition to save memorial hospital birthing center
About the speaker: Organization formed to preserve the birthing center at Memorial Hospital in Pawtucket
Date: March 13, 2016
Location: rhode island
Topics: health care
Context: statement
Fact-check justification: Not only does the Coalition for Improving Maternity Services not review and certify facilities, but all of the other birthing centers in the state say these principles are standard practice at their hospitals.     The Coalition to Save Memorial Hospital Birthing Center got back to us Friday. A spokeswoman said: "the Coalition sees no credible  that [other hospitals in Rhode Island] have committed the necessary time, financial resources, policy development and staff training necessary to   alignment with the Initiative." At the end of the week, the coalition changed its position from a statement of fact to an opinion about the other hospitals' " alignment." We rate the original  .
Statement: The National Rifle Association was "founded by religious leaders who wanted to protect freed slaves from the Ku Klux Klan.
Speaker: harry alford
About the speaker: Harry Alford is president and chief executive officer of the Washington, D.C.-based National Black Chamber of Commerce.
Date: February 22, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: civil rights;religion;guns
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Our rating Harry Alford, the head of the National Black Chamber of Commerce, said the National Rifle Association was "founded by religious leaders who wanted to protect freed slaves from the Ku Klux Klan." We can’t say whether he was misinformed or intended to mislead. But the NRA itself says the group was formed by Union Civil War veterans to improve soldiers’ marksmanship. And we found no  that religious leaders founded the NRA to protect freed slaves from the KKK. The  is not only  but  -- .
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Rashida Tlaib tweeted and then deleted a post that said "Americans have spent decades raping and pillaging my people. What goes around comes around.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 5, 2020
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Quick public servant announcement: If there isn't a checkmark next to my name on the tweet then it's ! To all the foreign countries & reckless commentators out there spreading lies about me: Try to focus on disagreeing with me with facts, instead of making up shit. pic.twitter.com/DPxdZSEKP0 Tlaib has tweeted that the United States should not go to war with Iran following news of the U.S. military killing Iranian security and intelligence commander, Qasem Soleimani , who led the Quds Force in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps , a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist organization. A series of events have intensified tensions between the United States and Iran, including a break into a U.S. embassy compound in Baghdad by supporters of an Iranian-backed militia (the Facebook post alludes to the embassy events.) As for the  tweet in the Facebook post, we rate it !
Statement: Say Apple's Tim Cook "will not do business with Indiana.
Speaker: erick erickson
About the speaker: Erick Erickson is the host of a conservative radio talk show based in Atlanta.
Date: March 31, 2015
Topics: corporations;race and ethnicity;punditfact
Context: a RedState.com column
Fact-check justification: In trying to call out Apple’s Cook for clashing business practices over gay rights, Erickson said Cook "will not do business with Indiana."   That is not  based on Cook’s public remarks on Twitter and in an op-ed. Cook has been outspoken in his position against the law and others like it across the country, but Apple stores remain open in Indiana and iPhones, iMacs and everything else is still being sold. Erickson’s  rates .
Statement: Breaking: Judiciary Democrats just voted to support non-citizens voting in our elections.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 21, 2022
Topics: congress;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post said "Breaking: Judiciary Democrats just voted to support non-citizens voting in our elections." Democrats proposed a bill to make it easier for voters who  are not proficient in English to get ballots in their native language. A Republican amendment said the bill should not be construed to mean noncitizens could vote. But the bill never said noncitizens could vote, nor did it change existing law that says noncitizens can’t vote in federal elections.  It’s up to states and local municipalities to decide whether noncitizens can vote in state and local elections. Democrats’ vote against the amendment didn’t change that, either. We rate this statement . RELATED : Nevada Republican misleads about DMV registering "illegals" to vote RELATED : JD Vance’s ad about ‘open border’ and immigrant voters is  RELATED : Factchecking Arizona’s Blake Masters’  of open borders and Democratic amnesty plans
Statement: He's sued gun manufacturers. He was supportive of Brady. He was supportive of things like assault weapon bans.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: September 21, 2007
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: The Brady Bill, which created a waiting period for handgun purchases and background checks, became law in 1993. The Assault Weapons Ban, which prohibited the sale of some semi-automatic weapons, expired in 2004 after 10 years on the books. In a February, 2007 interview Giuliani was asked about them both and said: "I was in favor of it because I thought that it was necessary both to get the crime bill passed and also necessary with the 2,000 murders or so that we were looking at," annually in New York City at the time. Currently, Giuliani's stance on gun control is "that we need to enforce laws that exist, as opposed to passing new laws that infringe on individual rights." Huckabee's claims, however, deal with Giuliani's past positions rather than his current ones, and as such are accurate.
Statement: In his book, (Ken) Cuccinelli questions whether Medicare and Social Security should exist.
Speaker: democratic party of virginia
About the speaker: The state Democratic Party.
Date: July 16, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: medicare;social security
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Democratic Party of Virginia says in a new ad that Cuccinelli, in his book, "questions whether Medicare and Social Security should exist." Cuccinelli gave the Democrats a tiny opening in writing that "bad politicians" have "tried to increase their power by creating programs that dispense subsidized government benefits, such as Medicare, Social Security" that make people "dependent on government." But ad goes overboard because it suggests Cuccinelli is questioning whether the entitlements should exist today and in the future. Cuccinelli specifically wrote in his book, "I am not questioning the existence of these programs, nor how much is spent on them." The Democrats ignored that key passage and we rate their  .
Statement: War for the soul of the TxDems: 57% of Dem incumbents for Tx House LOST their primary.
Speaker: republican party of texas
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Texas says it promotes a conservative government philosophy in the Lone Star state.
Date: March 10, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: "  If the party had included the word "opposed" in front of "incumbents," there'd be no confusion. It could have done so within the 140-character limit set by Twitter. Preston said: "If I had it to do over again, I would certainly throw 'opposed' in there." The GOP's item misrepresents the overall results for Democratic House incumbents. We rate the party's statement as .
Statement: Says Jared Kushner "deleted all of his tweets after the tax story broke.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 27, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Another version of the profile archived on the website archive.today confirms Kushner had no tweets on his account as of Jan. 10, 2017, more than a week before Trump took office.   Similarly, as of Aug. 17, 2020 — a little more than a month before the New York Times investigation brought Trump’s tax history back into the spotlight on Sept. 27 — Kushner still had no tweets on his account.   "@jaredkushner hasn’t Tweeted," the archived Twitter profile reads . "When they do, their Tweets will show up here." We rate this  .
Statement: Barack Hussein Obama will ... force Christian schools to hire non-Christian teachers.
Speaker: government is not god pac
About the speaker: Government Is Not God is a political action committee for social conservatives founded in 1992 by William J. Murray who is currently the chairman of the Religious Freedom Coalition. The mission of Government Is Not God - PAC is the election to Congress of men and women who hold conservative beliefs on both moral and economic issues.
Date: September 23, 2012
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;religion
Context: a newspaper advertisement
Fact-check justification: The ad claims that Obama will "force Christian schools to hire non-Christian teachers." But he has not sought to do that himself and the only  is a weak link to the solicitor general's argument in the Hosanna-Tabor case. The case did address the proper balance between the government and religious institutions in personnel decisions, but even participants in the case say the government did not say what the ad claims. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: Last year, Democrats won nearly 50% of the vote, yet they hold only 38% of the seats in the state House and 30% of the seats in the state Senate.
Speaker: roy cooper
About the speaker: Roy Cooper, a Democrat, is the governor of North Carolina. Previously he was the attorney general, a state senator and a state representative.
Date: July 28, 2017
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections;redistricting
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: Cooper’s claims about Democratic representation in the state House and state Senate are accurate. His  that Democrats won close to 50 percent of votes is slightly exaggerated if only legislative races are considered, but is closer to the mark when it comes to broad support for Democratic candidates. We rate this  .
Statement: The science is clear, under President Trump greenhouse gas emissions are down.
Speaker: environmental protection agency
About the speaker: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is a federal regulatory agency.
Date: June 13, 2018
Location: national
Topics: environment;energy
Context: a statement to Bloomberg
Fact-check justification: The EPA said, "The science is clear, under President Trump greenhouse gas emissions are down." Emissions did fall slightly between 2016 and 2017. But the rate of decline slowed under Trump and the month-to-month changes have been modest. Whatever decline has occurred on Trump’s watch is unlikely to stem from his own policies. Changes to emissions levels tend to come either from changing economic incentives, government policy over the long term, and factors beyond human control, such as the weather. We rate the statement .
Statement: Already we've identified $2 trillion in deficit reductions over the next decade.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: April 14, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a speech at Georgetown University
Fact-check justification: He has identified $2 trillion in deficit reductions. But presenting a budget figure 10 years out as a solid number is dicey. And people on both ends of the political spectrum say his numbers are exaggerated considerably. And we find it's significant that the estimate from the well-respected, left-leaning Center on Budget and Policy Priorities is less than half of Obama's. So we find Obama's statement .
Statement: Kids are less likely to get it (COVID-19). You know, they're less likely to spread. So I think there's some pretty good data out there that will help alleviate some of the concerns.
Speaker: kim reynolds
About the speaker: Kim Reynolds, a Republican, has served as governor of Iowa since 2017.
Date: July 14, 2020
Location: iowa
Topics: children;education;public health;coronavirus
Context: at a press conference
Fact-check justification: Reynolds’ assertion is supported by the bulk of the existing research, which shows that scientists have seen lower COVID-19 infection rates among young people and have not seen the virus spread among children at the rate as high as the ones for adults. However, researchers have only been able to study the virus since late January 2020 , and they are learning more about it by the day. There may also be statistical quirks affecting the data, such as the limited extent to which children are being tested for the virus. Reynolds’ statement is largely supported by the research published so far, but with a big caveat that the science is preliminary and evolving. We rate the statement .