chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: It still had not gotten terrible on the roads" by 2 to 3 p.m. Tuesday.
Speaker: charley english
About the speaker: Charley English is the director of the Georgia Emergency Management Agency. He began his career in public service in 1980 as a police officer. He was appointed director in 2006.
Date: January 29, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: weather
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: English might have had a better argument if he’d said the road conditions Tuesday afternoon were not as "terrible" as they were by nightfall. English said Thursday his earlier comments, which were broadcast to millions of viewers, were "." He did attempt to walk back his initial error. That is the only thing that saves him from PolitiFact Georgia’s lowest rating. We rate English’s initial statement as .
Statement: That Donald Trump said in 1998 if he were to run for president he would run as a Republican because "They're the dumbest group of voters in the country. They believe anything on Fox News. I could lie and they'd still eat it up. I bet my numbers would be terrific.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 11, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A meme claims Donald Trump said in an interview 20 years ago that if he ever ran for president, he would do so as a Republican because they were "the dumbest group of voters in the country" and "they believe anything on Fox News." While Trump flirted with the idea of a presidential run in a few interviews in the late 1990s, there is no record of Trump saying this quote in People , or in any other publication. Despite the quote’s repeated debunking, it has shown up across social media consistently over the years. We rate this  !
Statement: Go back to 2005 until now, we have quadrupled the number of Border Patrol agents.
Speaker: adam smith
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Adam Smith is a Democrat representing Washington's 9th District. He serves as Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee.
Date: January 29, 2019
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Smith claimed, "Go back to 2005 until now, we have quadrupled the number of Border Patrol agents." Government data shows that the number of Border Patrol agents has nearly doubled, not quadrupled from 2005 to current levels. Smith’s statement is . We rate it .
Statement: There are still tens of thousands of missing service members from previous and current conflicts that our nation is working to find and repatriate.
Speaker: john scocos
About the speaker: John Scocos is the secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Veterans Affairs.
Date: September 20, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: afghanistan;families;homeland security;iraq;military;veterans
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: At the hearing, the director of the Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office had said that during the past year, he and "others in the personnel accounting community have made significant strides in improving our unity of effort. But this is an issue that clearly needs further work." Our rating Scocos said: "There are still tens of thousands of missing service members from previous and current conflicts that our nation is working to find and repatriate." One of the federal agencies responsible for searching for the missing, or at least their remains, puts the official count at more than 83,000 -- all of whom, or nearly all of whom, are deceased. We rate Scocos’ statement .
Statement: Says a Marquette professor called him a "maverick" and found no correlation between his opinions and conservative background.
Speaker: daniel kelly
About the speaker: Daniel Kelly was appointed to the Wisconsin Supreme Court in 2016, filling the post of retired Justice David Prosser.
Date: March 8, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;legal issues;supreme court
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: In a TV interview, Kelly claimed that a Marquette law professor called him a "maverick" and found no correlation between Kelly's opinions and conservative background. The professor analyzed Kelly’s rulings on Fourth Amendment cases in 2017 and determined that Kelly "might" emerge as a maverick after standing out among his fellow conservatives. But that’s hardly enough to stake an identity on. And earlier this year, Ball awarded the label to a new justice: Rebecca Bradley. Kelly’s  completely disregards the most up-to-date analysis of his opinions.  A statement is  when it contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That fits here.
Statement: Says Andrew Gillum "wants to abolish ICE and doesn't believe in doing any type of immigration enforcement.
Speaker: ron desantis
About the speaker: Ron DeSantis announced on May 24, 2023 that he is running for president in the Republican primary. DeSantis won the race for Florida governor in 2018 and 2022. DeSantis was first elected to Congress in 2012 and resigned in September 2018 to focus on his campaign. He represented Florida's 6th Congressional District which is south of St. Augustine and north of Orlando and includes Daytona Beach. DeSantis initially ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but dropped out after Marco Rubio decided to seek re-election.
Date: September 2, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: DeSantis said Gillum, "wants to abolish ICE and doesn't believe in doing any type of immigration enforcement." Gillum said "it's time to abolish ICE," joining some Democrats making similar calls after reports of family separations at the border. However, Gillum also said ICE needed to be replaced with a more "focused agency." He hasn’t advocated against the enforcement of all immigration laws. DeSantis’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: The Mexican government ... they send the bad ones over.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 6, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "The Mexican government ... they send the bad ones over." Setting aside the question of whether Mexicans who have come to the United States are "bad" or not, we found no  of any Mexican policy that pushes people out of Mexico and into the United States. As has been the case for decades, a combination of economic and family factors accounts for most of the migration from Mexico to the United States. For the second time, we rate this  .
Statement: The House of Representatives just voted 300-131 to remove 'country-of-origin labeling' on chicken, pork, and beef sold in the U.S.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 29, 2015
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;trade
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: "The House of Representatives just voted 300-131 to remove ‘country-of-origin labeling’ on chicken, pork, and beef sold in the United States," according to a Facebook meme. The bill in question seeks to repeal mandatory country-of-origin labeling or COOL from ground and muscle cuts of chicken, pork, and beef. The House passed it in June this year with a 300-131 vote, after Canada and Mexico said the consumer rights law was unfair to foreign hog farmers and cattle ranchers and threatened to impose retaliatory tariffs. The Senate has yet to decide on the labeling law’s fate and, at this early stage, there has been support for making COOL voluntary. While country-of-origin labeling isn’t quite dead meat, the House voted for repeal. We rate the  .
Statement: Justin Trudeau is being investigated by the (Royal Canadian Mounted Police).
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 19, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that Trudeau "is being investigated by the RCMP" for possible obstruction of justice. The  was based on a response from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to a political advocacy group seeking information about the agency’s past or current investigations into Trudeau and other Canadian politicians related to a corruption and bribery scandal.  The Royal Canadian Mounted Police initially provided information that was outdated. The agency later clarified it is not investigating Trudeau or any other politician for obstruction of justice. We rate the  .
Statement: Says "FBI and Texas State Police are both confirming that Raymond Peter Littleberry, the man accused of shooting up a Texas church, was an avid atheist on the payroll of the Democrat National Committee.
Speaker: freedomjunkshun.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: November 6, 2017
Location: national
Topics: fake news;guns
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: "Here we gather a boatload of bullhonkey, works of pure satirical fiction, to give the fist-shakers of the world a reason to hate," its disclaimer reads. "Reality is often in the eye of the beholder. You won’t find any of it here." The  story was  to say that Kelley was on the DNC payroll, and authorities said his religious beliefs do not appear to have been a factor in the shooting. We rate this !
Statement: Bill White used D.C. connections from his job in the Clinton administration to form a company that did business in the Middle East and defaulted on a $60 million loan.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: May 3, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;ethics;message machine 2010;small business;trade;transparency
Context: a Web video
Fact-check justification: As for whether White used "D.C. connections to form" Frontera, as Perry says, that's  in only the baldest sense. Yes, White worked in Washington when he made key contacts overseas that surely helped him with Frontera. And he recruited two federal underlings to the venture. But Perry's wording leaves an impression of insider Washington wheeler-dealing by White not backed by what we found. We rate Perry's statement as .
Statement: The $1,200 coronavirus relief checks this year are "just an advance on your next tax return. … Next year, you're automatically going to owe $1,200 come tax season.
Speaker: youtube videos
About the speaker: Videos uploaded to YouTube.
Date: April 12, 2020
Topics: taxes;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: The posts say that the $1,200 coronavirus relief checks being issued this year are "just an advance on your next tax return. … Next year, you're automatically going to owe $1,200 come tax season." That’s not what the law says. Even if someone receives more in 2020 than their next tax return said they should have received, they will not owe back the difference, much less the entire amount. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Voltaire said, "To learn who rules over you, simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize.
Speaker: thomas massie
About the speaker: Thomas Massie is a U.S. Congressman representing Kentucky's 4th Congressional District.
Date: January 30, 2022
Topics: history;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But Gibbard added: "There are lots of quotations that are attributed to Voltaire that aren’t actually by him, and that’s one of them. "  The University of Oxford’s Voltaire Foundation has said the same . Still, the misattributed quote has required debunking by various fact-checkers , again and again . Massie’s office did not respond to a request for comment. We rate his tweet .
Statement: Says Barack Obama voted for the "very same language" of Indiana's Religious Freedom Restoration Act when he was in the Illinois state Senate. Sexual orientation "doesn't have anything to do with this law.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: March 29, 2015
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;families;race and ethnicity
Context: comments on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Pence played defense Sunday, saying, that sexual orientation "doesn’t have anything to do with" the Religious Freedom Restoration Act," adding that "then state-Sen Barack Obama voted for (the Religious Freedom Restoration Act) when he was in the state Senate of Illinois. The very same language." A spokeswoman for Pence did not respond. The vote is clear enough, as is the name of the bill, but Pence’s explanation is an oversimplification of the purpose of the law then and the motivation of some pushing the law now. Proponents of this law are pushing the measure as a way that businesses can seek protection "for refusing to participate in a homosexual marriage." Whether that argument will win in the courts is up for debate. That was far from an intent of Illinois’ law, or the others passed more than 15 years ago. As for the language itself, Pence is  to say the language is the same. Some pro-LGBT rights groups say the outright inclusion of a corporation or company as a "person" is overly broad, though the  impact will likely only really be settled when matters are sent to a court. Overall, Pence’s  is partially accurate but misses important context. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/36a68b63-b574-4232-b679-9f90e5b12b9a
Statement: Says David Perdue built his business career outsourcing American jobs.
Speaker: michelle nunn
About the speaker: Michelle Nunn was the chief executive officer of the Points of Light Foundation, a charitable organization. She is the daughter of former U.S. Sen. Sam Nunn, a Democrat from Georgia. Michelle Nunn is running for the U.S. Senate as a Democrat.
Date: October 7, 2014
Location: georgia
Context: a U.S. Senate debate
Fact-check justification: "There is more to it." We agree. It is accurate to  Perdue’s sworn statement is that he spent most of his business career outsourcing. But that doesn’t translate into callous indifference to American workers – or even a tenure that did nothing more than ship jobs abroad. We continue to rate the  .
Statement: Kirsten Gillibrand has put forward 331 bills since she's been in Congress. Do you know how many of them have been passed into law? Zero!
Speaker: chele farley
About the speaker: Chele Farley is the Republican candidate for U.S. Senate in New York in 2018. She is challenging Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, a Democrat. Farley is a partner at a private equity firm in New York City. 
Date: April 23, 2018
Location: new york
Topics: bipartisanship;candidate biography;voting record
Context: an interview on Capital Tonight
Fact-check justification: Farley said Gillibrand has not sponsored a bill that has become law during her time in Congress. Farley’s right that Gillibrand has not been the sole sponsor on a bill that became law. But some of her legislative proposals have been included in larger bills sponsored by other members. And Farley's count includes resolutions, 23 of which passed in the Senate. Farley paints Gillibrand as a lawmaker without any legislative victories. That’s not . Her statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: The shooting at an elementary school in Uvalde County, Texas, was a false flag.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: May 24, 2022
Location: texas
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "I’m afraid I’m going to know a lot of these kids that were killed," Chapa said.   There is no  to support the claims that these killings were part of a  flag operation. This was the deadliest elementary school shooting since 26 children and educators were killed in the 2012 massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newtown, Connecticut, the New York Times reported .   Claims that this mass shooting was staged or orchestrated are  and . .
Statement: As governor of Florida, I used a combination of strategies to help reduce heroin use among youth in Florida by approximately 50 percent.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: January 4, 2016
Location: national
Topics: drugs;health care;public health
Context: a column posted on Medium
Fact-check justification: Bush said that "as governor of Florida, I used a combination of strategies to help reduce heroin use among youth in Florida by approximately 50 percent." The only statistics that directly address his statement offer numeric support. However, the report in question cautions against drawing broad conclusions for such low-frequency events as youth heroin addiction, and experts thought it curious that the drop essentially happened in the first year, with little change after that. Experts praise Bush for his drug policies, but it’s important to note that broader demographic and social factors -- reflected in falling youth heroin use nationally during that period -- likely made a difference as well. We rate the  .
Statement: From 1960, the year I was born, until the time I became Governor in 2003, the average two-year increase in Minnesota state spending was 21 percent. … we brought that down dramatically, to about 1.7 percent per year.
Speaker: tim pawlenty
About the speaker: Tim Pawlenty is the former governor of Minnesota, having served two terms in office from 2003-2011.
Date: January 11, 2011
Location: national
Topics: state budget
Context: his book, "Courage to Stand: An American Story"
Fact-check justification: Pawlenty’s statement was that from 1960 to 2003, "the average two-year increase in Minnesota state spending was 21 percent. … we brought that down dramatically, to about 1.7 percent per year." The numbers are accurate, though Pawlenty is comparing two-year increases to one-year increases. More significantly, spending forecasts increased dramatically as Pawlenty was leaving office, when short-term budget fixes like the federal stimulus and spending delays for K-12 education expired. Given that increase, we rate his statement .
Statement: Wisconsin has "the number one health care system in the country. Everyone in poverty now has health care
Speaker: dale kooyenga
About the speaker: Dale Kooyenga, born February 12, 1979, was elected as a Republican in the fall of 2010 to represent the 14th District for the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was re-elected in 2012. He lives in Brookfield in suburban Milwaukee. Kooyenga, an accountant, is part of the so-called "CPA Caucus" in the Assembly. He is a U.S. Army veteran of the Iraq War and earned a Bronze Star for his service, his official bio states.
Date: November 7, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;medicaid;medicare;public health
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Everyone in poverty now has health care." The state did receive a top rating in 2017, but in a more recent rating by the same agency the state had slipped to number four. Meanwhile, changes under Walker mean that everyone in poverty (and somewhat above) is eligible for coverage under Medicaid. But clearly there are still residents who do not have insurance. For a statement that is partially accurate, our rating is .
Statement: Our companies are moving into Mexico more than almost any other place right now.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 19, 2015
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;trade
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Our companies are moving into Mexico more than almost any other place right now." There’s no direct measure of how many companies are moving plants from the United States to Mexico. When we look at outsourcing through official metrics (imports, foreign direct investment, and the number of U.S. business housed in a certain country), Mexico places near the top but not at the top. Experts said China was the top outsourcing destination. Trump used the qualifier "almost," which makes his statement partially accurate, but it still needs additional context and information. We rate it .
Statement: After they bought GST Steel, "Mitt Romney and his partners loaded it with debt, closed the Kansas City plant and walked away with a healthy profit, leaving hundreds of employees out of work with their pensions in jeopardy.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 14, 2012
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;message machine 2012
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Obama’s ad, and the news release announcing it, packed a lot of claims about Romney’s tenure at Bain Capital and how it handled its investment in a Kansas City steel mill. We are checking this : "After purchasing the company, Mitt Romney and his partners loaded it with debt, closed the Kansas City plant and walked away with a healthy profit, leaving hundreds of employees out of work with their pensions in jeopardy." We found, through corporate filings, interviews and investigations by other news organizations, that the statement is accurate but needs some clarification. First, it’s  that Bain added significantly to GST’s debt load while paying dividends to itself. The plant’s closure, however, happened after Romney had left daily operations at Bain, though he led Bain during six years of its majority investment in the plant. And other, outside factors were at work, making the steel industry a tough business. Steel prices were low and electricity costs were high, and those forces drove other steel mills out of business around the same time. The statement’s last two claims are solid: Bain (and Romney) made a profit from taking over GST, and the employees lost many benefits their union had negotiated, including supplemental pension payments. The federal government had to step in to shore up the fund. We rate the  .