chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Sen. Joe Biden, the ranking member of the Foreign Relations Committee, recommended partitioning Iraq into three separate entities.
Speaker: george w. bush
About the speaker: George W. Bush served as the 43rd president of the United States. He was sworn into office on Jan. 20, 2001, re-elected on Nov. 2, 2004, and sworn in for a second term on Jan. 20, 2005. Prior to his presidency, President Bush served six years as the 46th governor of the state of Texas.
Date: December 9, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: iraq
Context: his book "Decision Points."
Fact-check justification: Long story short, Biden proposed dividing the country into three separate and semi-autonomous regions while retaining a federal system to handle border security and other common concerns. Bush calls that partitioning. Biden does not, pointing to his support for a central government in Iraq. But both are talking about creating new geopolitical entities in Iraq. We rate Bush's statement .
Statement: You can't give a child an aspirin in school without permission. You can't do any kind of medication, but we can secretly take the child off and have an abortion.
Speaker: steve oelrich
About the speaker: Sen. Steve Oelrich, R-Gainesville, represents Florida's 14th district.
Date: May 17, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: abortion;health care
Context: floor debate on May 5, 2011
Fact-check justification: The thrust of Oelrich's point is correct: You can’t give a child an aspirin in school without permission. To administer any non-prescription medication, school officials must have approval from the parent. And in some cases, the schools also need a note from a doctor -- even for cough drops. While Oelrich is right about the permission part, he specifically mentioned aspirin so we should add that giving aspirin to children is considered risky because of the medicine's connection to a deadly disease. But that wasn't exactly Oelrich's point in a debate over abortion and a minor's right to privacy. We rate his  .
Statement: University of Texas undergraduate student debt "is less than $21,000… probably one of the lowest debts across the nation.
Speaker: bill mcraven
About the speaker: William H. McRaven, a retired U.S. Navy four-star admiral, became chancellor of the University of Texas System in January 2015. McRaven graduated from The University of Texas at Austin in 1977 with a degree in journalism and received his master’s degree from the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey in 1991.
Date: January 21, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: debt;education
Context: addressing the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board
Fact-check justification: McRaven said that across the UT system, undergraduate student debt "is less than $21,000… probably one of the lowest debts across the nation." The experiences of graduates over a dozen years supports this figure. Data also support the notion that UT graduates wind up less debt-burdened than most peers. Still, UT's analysis (like others) doesn't account for debts piled up by transfer students. Significantly too, UT graduates in 2012-13 had a median debt of $23,350, which outpaces the long-term figure aired by McRaven by more than $2,000. We rate the  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says New Jersey has fewer jobs since Gov. Chris Christie took office.
Speaker: joshua henne
About the speaker: Joshua Henne is a spokesman for One New Jersey.
Date: July 20, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs
Context: a press release from One New Jersey
Fact-check justification: The data used to measure jobs shows a slight increase since Christie became governor, even though some economists said the growth is mainly flat. But New Jersey also has seen an increase in private-sector jobs -- a measure considered by a Rutgers professor to appropriately reflect the state of the economy. Beyond crediting or blaming Christie, economists said other factors include the recession and individual job markets. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: It isn't me cutting the budget. It's the Congress' decision on sequestration. So it isn't secretary of defense or the president doing this.
Speaker: chuck hagel
About the speaker: Chuck Hagel has served as defense secretary since 2013. From 1997 to 2009, he was a U.S. senator from Nebraska.
Date: March 2, 2014
Location: national
Topics: debt;federal budget;military
Context: an interview on CBS' "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: Hagel said it wasn’t he or Obama that made defense cuts, it was Congress in passing the sequester. Hagel himself wasn’t working in government at the time, so he has no tie to the cuts. Obama literally signed Congress’ defense cuts into law in both 2011 and 2013. At the same time, his budgets have proposed funding defense spending at a level above what the caps call for, showing that he doesn’t fully support the very agreements he signed. Hagel’s  omits two instances where Obama supported defense spending cuts on record. We rate his  .
Statement: Says Congressman Steve Rothman voted against funding for President Barack Obama's auto bailout and would have let automakers go bankrupt.
Speaker: bill pascrell
About the speaker: Bill Pascrell is Democratic member of the House of Representatives from New Jersey.
Date: March 19, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: economy;message machine 2012
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: In a news release, the Pascrell campaign argued that Rothman "voted AGAINST funding for President Obama's auto industry rescue package" and "would have ‘Let Detroit Go Bankrupt’." It is  that Rothman voted against the bill creating TARP, which was later used to fund the auto bailout. But at the time of that vote, the program was not intended to assist the auto companies. Also, Rothman indicated a willingness to provide federal assistance for automakers through his support of a separate rescue package that was later blocked in the Senate. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Last year -- actually, this year in May -- we saw New Jersey Transit fares rise anywhere from 25 percent to 47 percent.
Speaker: albert papp jr.
About the speaker: Albert Papp Jr. is president of the New Jersey Association of Railroad Passengers, a transportation advocacy group founded in 1980.
Date: August 20, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: transportation
Context: an interview on News 12 New Jersey’s Power & Politics show
Fact-check justification: Papp did not mention the 10 percent hike for local buses, light rail trains and the Access Link service. But for the most part, his figures are on target for the rail passengers represented by his organization. At a time when the Port Authority’s tolls are on the rise, NJ Transit customers have been digging further into their pockets as well. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: By the end of his first term, President Obama will have added as much debt as all the prior 43 presidents combined.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: June 27, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;new hampshire 2012
Context: Salem, N.H
Fact-check justification: "We actually pulled it right off the (Politifact) website," Williams said in an interview. "We’re making the same contention that (Cantor) made." But when the topic came up in Romney's , we re-checked our work and realized that in the Cantor fact-check we had only used the first option (the end of fiscal 2008 to the end of fiscal 2012) rather than the other two. Based on all three measurements, Romney is right by two but off by the other one. So we find his  .
Statement: We didn't have a development director for over seven months.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: August 4, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;state budget
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: In this case, Kasich might argue that he is technically correct because the development department had no permanent director for seven months, although there were interim people in charge the entire time. We think a natural impression someone would get from Kasich’s statement is that he was saying the chair was empty -- that Ohio’s job-making agency was without leadership for seven months just as the recession was gobbling up jobs in the Buckeye State at a quickening pace. But we know someone was in charge. That’s why we rate Kasich’s statement as . Comment on this item .
Statement: Under the "cromnibus" law, taxpayers must guarantee "incredibly risky" derivatives deals made by the nation's largest banks.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: December 17, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;financial regulation;government regulation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Louisiana State University finance professor Don Chance , the author of two books on derivatives, also told us Pocan’s  is partly correct but goes too far. Our rating Pocan said that under the federal "cromnibus" law, taxpayers must guarantee "incredibly risky" derivatives deals made by the nation's largest banks. The federal spending measure does include a provision that makes it easier for banks to use federally insured funds to invest in some investments known as derivatives. But not all derivatives are considered high-risk investments, and there is disagreement over just how much risk the new provision poses for taxpayers. For a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details, our rating is .
Statement: Says more than 1 million Texans are jobless, the state has its highest unemployment rate in more than 20 years and joblessness doubled on Rick Perry's watch.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 18, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: jobs
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: Experts reminded us that governors have little to do with statewide job losses or gains that take place during their terms. Put another way, neither Romney nor Perry merits credit or blame for job conditions in their respective states. Economies rise and fall due to many conditions beyond a governor’s sway.           That should make the next debate a lot shorter, shouldn’t it? The logical weakness in blaming a state’s governor for the state’s jobless residents and unemployment rate makes Romney’s triple-barreled  .
Statement: Income inequality is worse in towns run by Democrat mayors than in towns run by Republican mayors.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: September 11, 2014
Location: national
Topics: city government;economy;income
Context: an interview with NPR
Fact-check justification: Paul said that "income inequality is worse in towns run by Democrat mayors than in towns run by Republican mayors." He has a point that one credible study shows a fairly strong correlation between low inequality and a Republican mayor. But experts say it’s a stretch to draw conclusions from this. The  inflates the actual powers of mayors to shape inequality in their cities and it ignores the role of population size and suburbanization in driving inequality. It also glosses over the fact that metropolitan areas, as opposed to cities, show no such relationship. The  is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: [If] you apply for a job, the chances are 1 in 7 that you are going to be denied that job unfairly if everybody is forced to use E-Verify.
Speaker: thomas sgouros jr.
About the speaker: Thomas Sgouros Jr. is a columnist with GoLocalProv.com.
Date: December 30, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: immigration;economy;jobs;labor
Context: an appearance on Rhode Island PBS's "A Lively Experiment"
Fact-check justification: Thomas Sgouros said that 10 percent to 15 percent of people screened by the E-Verify system are falsely found to be ineligible to work. His  is two small company studies from 2008 involving a few thousand workers. He claims that those anecdotal cases are more important than the national average. But the Sgouros statement we're checking would lead viewers to believe that he was talking about the overall accuracy of E-Verify, not just two examples out of more than 300,000 employers who use the system. Not only that, his examples are outdated. In the case of Intel, the initial rejection rate he cites hasn't been  for three years. Much larger and more recent government analyses, one by the GAO, found that the initial rejection rate is closer to 2 percent. And some of those people are being told they are not eligible to work in the United States because, well, they're not. That makes the actual rate of mistaken rejections even lower. The element of  in his  is so small, it doesn't even warrant a . We rate it  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Ballot harvesting "altered the outcome" of a city council election in Yuma County, Arizona.
Speaker: mark finchem
About the speaker: Mark Finchem was elected in 2015 as a state representative. He is running as a Republican for Arizona Secretary of State in 2022.
 
Date: September 22, 2022
Location: national
Topics: elections;arizona
Context: a Secretary of State debate
Fact-check justification: Finchem said that ballot harvesting in Yuma County "altered the outcome" in the August 2020 primary. According to court filings, the number of ballots in question was no more than five. The smallest winning margin was 392. Those ballots could not have had any impact on the outcome. We rate this  .
Statement: Forty percent of the country is going to be in states that are tolerant of gay marriage or at least civil unions.
Speaker: neera tanden
About the speaker: Neera Tanden is the President of the Center for American Progress and Counselor to the Center for American Progress Action Fund. She worked in the White Houses of both Presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.
Date: December 29, 2013
Topics: lgbtq;marriage;punditfact
Context: a panel discussion on CNN
Fact-check justification: Tanden said, "Forty percent of the country is going to be in states that are tolerant of gay marriage or at least civil unions." Both expert sources and independently verified statistics back up those numbers if we define "tolerant" as states where same-sex marriage or civil unions are legal. Subsequent court decisions could raise or lower that number, and opponents note many of those states allowed same-sex marriage only after court intervention. But at the time she spoke, her statement was accurate, and we rate it .
Statement: We caught (the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) lying to us about the results of air quality studies in the Barnett Shale.
Speaker: wendy davis
About the speaker: Wendy Davis, a Fort Worth attorney, was initially elected to the Texas Senate in 2008. She was the 2014 Democratic gubernatorial nominee, giving up a shot at winning re-election to the Senate.
Date: June 27, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: environment
Context: a speech at the Texas Democratic convention
Fact-check justification: Did the agency lie, as Davis claimed? Or simply fail to disclose — by TCEQ's own admission — in a timely fashion? "Hiding the  is lying," Davis said. However, absent proof of an intent to deceive, we rate her statement . Should her open-records request yield new information that shows the TCEQ knowingly lied to the public, we'll reconsider our rating.
Statement: A photograph shows Barack Obama bowing to Ayatollah Khamenei.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 21, 2019
Topics: candidate biography;history;iran;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Why don’t you touch it and see for yourself?" Obama said, leaning down so his head was level with Philadelphia. "Touch it, dude!" he said when the boy hesitated. We rate this Facebook post as !
Statement: No one in American history has moved from a June 16 announcement to a May 26 winning of a majority. Trump's achievement is remarkable.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: May 27, 2016
Topics: elections;history;punditfact
Context: a post on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Speaking of Trump’s path to becoming the 2016 GOP standard-bearer, Gingrich said: "No one In American history has moved from a June 16 announcement to a May 26 winning of a majority." Whatever Gingrich was trying to say, it didn't come out quite right. As one person replied to the former speaker on Twitter, "This tweet sounds smart and impressive if someone doesn't have Google." Of the last eight non-incumbent presidential nominees, five (Kerry, Gore, Bush, Dole and Clinton) went from announcing their candidacy to becoming the presumptive nominee quicker than Trump. This  is historically . We rate it !
Statement: Oil companies showered regulators (at the Minerals Management Service) with gifts and favors, and were essentially allowed to conduct their own safety inspections and write their own regulations.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 15, 2010
Location: national
Topics: environment;corporations;energy;ethics;oil spill;regulation
Context: a speech from the Oval Office
Fact-check justification: Certainly the absence of comments from environmentalists and neutral researchers in the area would exacerbate concerns about industry 'writing its own regulations.'" Still, MMS can't be blamed for poor response to its call for comments. That's why we think that while Obama was on solid ground with his accusations that MMS regulators were "showered ... with gifts and favors" and that oil companies "were essentially allowed to conduct their own safety inspections," the notion that industry wrote its own regulations is not a slam-dunk. While Obama is technically correct that the oil industry did in several dozen cases "write their own regulations," our experts agreed that industry/regulator collaboration is common across federal agencies, at least for technical matters, and that it was done in an open way that included the opportunity for public comment. As a whole, then, we rate the president's comment .
Statement: By one leading measure, what business owners pay out in wages and salaries is now finally growing faster than what they spend on health insurance" for the first time in 17 years.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 25, 2015
Location: national
Topics: health care;labor
Context: a speech about the Affordable Care Act
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "by one leading measure, what business owners pay out in wages and salaries is now finally growing faster than what they spend on health insurance" for the first time in 17 years, and he credited the Affordable Care Act. His  is backed by numbers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics that compare change in costs over a 12-month period: Wages grew faster than health care costs for the first time since 1998 between March 2014 and March 2015. Experts say Obama used the BLS data accurately and reasonably. They did caution that the law's role in this dynamic is still uncertain, and more data may show different results. We rate his  .
Statement: Susie Lee and her husband "own 17 homes across the country and use their private jet to take vacations," and invest in "companies like Walmart, Halliburton and GEO Group.
Speaker: culinary workers union
About the speaker: The Culinary Workers Union Local 226 in Las Vegas is one of Nevada's most politically powerful unions, and represents more than 57,000 workers in the food, hospitality and hotel industries. 
Date: March 9, 2016
Location: nevada
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a letter sent to union members
Fact-check justification: The Culinary Workers Union claims that Lee and her husband "own 17 homes across the country," a "private jet," and that she invests in Walmart, Haliburton and the for-profit prison company GEO Group. There’s no doubt that Lee and her husband are substantially well-off. The union letter is correct on many details about the Lee family’s wealth, but it slightly fudged some of the particulars, like the couple’s airplane and details in their investments. We rate their statement as .