chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Rhode Island could tell you who has a camper, but we couldn't figure out who has a gun.
Speaker: linda finn
About the speaker: Linda D. Finn, a Democrat, was elected to the Rhode Island House of Representatives in 2012. A landscape designer, she represents District 72, which includes parts of Middletown and Portsmouth.
Date: February 26, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: regulation;guns
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: State Rep. Linda Finn, D-Middletown, said, "Rhode Island could tell you who has a camper, but we couldn't figure out who has a gun." Finn is right in that there is no central registry accessible to authorities for all guns or gun owners in Rhode Island. However, there is a subset of thousands of people who have permits to carry weapons that is maintained by the Department of Attorney General or by local police. It’s far from a complete list of every gun or gun owner and the police can access it only on a case-by- case basis. But that’s enough to nudge the -O-Meter ruling to  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Says Chuck Hagel "opposed sanctions against Iran.
Speaker: ileana ros-lehtinen
About the speaker: Ileana Ros-Lehtinen is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Florida. First elected in 1989 to succeed the venerable Democrat Claude Pepper, Ros-Lehtinen in 2011 became chairwoman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee.
Date: January 8, 2013
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Ros-Lehtinen said that Hagel "opposed sanctions against Iran, which has brazenly pursued the development of a nuclear weapon in open defiance of the international community as well as called for the destruction of one of our vital allies, Israel." Hagel did vote against a sanction bill in 2001, didn’t join 72 colleagues in co-sponsoring a sanction bill in 2007, voted against an amendment in 2007 that would have labeled an Iranian group terrorists and voted "no" in committee in 2008. But he voted in favor of sanction bills in 1998 and 2000, and another such bill passed by unanimous consent while he was in the Senate in 2006. Hagel often said unilateral sanctions don’t work, but he showed more support for multilateral sanctions. When Ros-Lehtinen said Hagel "opposed sanctions against Iran" she oversimplified his lengthy history of votes and comments. We rate this  .
Statement: If you are black or brown, you are nine times more likely to be stopped and frisked" in New York City.
Speaker: lynne derbyshire
About the speaker: Lynne Derbyshire is chairwoman of communication studies and associate professor of communication studies and women's studies at the University of Rhode Island.
Date: May 16, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: civil rights
Context: The Providence Journal
Fact-check justification: Lynne Derbyshire , arguing against arming campus police in Rhode Island, said, "If you are black or brown, you are nine times more likely to be stopped and frisked" by police in New York City. The context in which she made her statement suggests that such racial profiling is a threat for students here. We don't believe that population-wide data from the nation's largest city, which has had an aggressive stop and frisk policy for more than a decade, are particularly relevant to a debate involving two state colleges, neither of which are in an urban setting, and a rural university which has an annex in downtown Providence. But if we apply the -O-Meter to the New York data, the study Derbyshire supplied showed a tenfold risk of being frisked if you are black or Latino in New York City. Newer data show that that risk is somewhat less than she said. We'll leave it to others to debate the degree of racism reflected in the numbers, but Derbyshire's statement about the probability of being frisked if you are a person of color in New York City is close enough to the latest data to warrant a  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Clearly, the Obama administration did not leave any kind of game plan for something like this.
Speaker: mitch mcconnell
About the speaker: Mitch McConnell is a U.S. Senator from Kentucky and the Republican minority leader in the U.S. Senate.
Date: May 11, 2020
Topics: corrections and updates;health check;coronavirus
Context: a Team Trump Facebook Live
Fact-check justification: Still, McConnell’s statement focused only on whether any such "game plan" existed, and ample  suggests it did.   We rate it .  UPDATE , May 15, 2020 : In a Fox News interview, McConnell acknowledged that he was  in his assertion that the Obama administration didn’t leave behind any kind of "game plan" regarding a pandemic threat. "I was . They did leave behind a plan so I clearly made a  in that regard," McConnell said May 14.
Statement: It's going to be harder to vote in Virginia than it is now to buy a gun...
Speaker: janet howell
About the speaker: Janet Howell, D-Fairfax, has been a member of the Virginia Senate since 1992 and represents the 32nd District. She serves on the Rules, Finance, Privileges and Elections, Education and Health, and Courts of Justice committees. In addition, she is a member of the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission, the Joint Commission on Technology and Science, and the Virginia Crime Commission.
She is a native Northern Virginian. Howell earned a B.A. from Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, in 1966 and an M.A. from the University of Pennsylvaniain in 1968.
 
Date: February 10, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: elections;guns
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Howell said it is becoming harder to vote in Virginia than buy a gun.. There are more restrictions on buying a gun from a licensed dealer than voting. The firearm purchase requires more identification. The gun buyer has to go through a background check that the voter does not. And you can be more easily disqualified from buying a gun than you can be from voting. But there are fewer barriers to buying a gun privately than there are to voting. The private gun sale requires no wait, no identification, and no easily enforceable disqualifications. We rate Howell’s statement .
Statement: Says Roy Blunt "secretly inserts language to benefit tobacco giant Philip Morris" into a national security bill while "Blunt's girlfriend and son are lobbyists for the cigarette company, and just days earlier, 26 Philip Morris executives wrote checks to Blunt totaling $23,000.
Speaker: commonsense ten
About the speaker: Commonsense Ten is an independent expenditure group led by several Democratic strategists.
Date: September 15, 2010
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;homeland security;message machine 2010
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Blunt may argue the provision was a legitimate homeland security concern and that a similar version later received bipartisan support. But the Blunt provision was opposed by some anti-tobacco groups, who viewed it as special interest legislation to benefit big tobacco. And we note that those groups did not oppose the later legislation. When you date (and later marry) a Philip Morris lobbyist, when you have a son who works as a tobacco lobbyist, when you accept hefty sums of campaign money from tobacco executives, and then you add an 11th hour provision that some view as pro-big tobacco, you leave yourself open to the kind of criticism raised in the ad. "Secretly" may be overstating how Blunt acted, but the ad's other points are backed up, so we rate it .
Statement: McCain supports tax breaks for companies that ship jobs overseas.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: August 27, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Denver
Fact-check justification: In a recent conference call with reporters, campaign economic adviser Austan Goolsbee said the magnitude or length of deferral could be curtailed, but the campaign has not released a detailed plan. Does John McCain support tax breaks for companies that ship jobs overseas? Not really. He supports retaining a long-standing principle of the U.S. tax system that encourages some companies to move operations overseas. The world is far more complicated than Biden's catchphrase makes it seem, and that makes his argument .
Statement: Says Land Commissioner Jerry Patterson threatened to shoot him.
Speaker: hector uribe
About the speaker: Hector Uribe, a former state senator, sought the 2010 Democratic nod for Texas land commissioner. Uribe is an Austin lawyer and lobbyist.
Date: January 11, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: guns
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: This is why we love Texas politics. Where else would a (pretend) gunfight spill into a (real) race for land commissioner? And where else would we get to fact check a  like this one? For making us laugh and for reminding us not to take this stuff too seriously, we give Uribe's  that he was threatened a rating of . And we suggest that all guns remain holstered for the rest of the campaign.
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Tammy Baldwin, a candidate for Senate, supports raising taxes "by $858 billion.
Speaker: u.s. chamber of commerce
About the speaker: From the chamber's Web site: "The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world's largest business federation representing 3 million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. More than 96% of U.S. Chamber members are small businesses with 100 employees or fewer."
Date: February 9, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: message machine 2012;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: In a TV ad, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce says Baldwin supports raising taxes by $858 billion, citing her vote against a bill that primarily contained tax cuts. It’s  that had Baldwin’s side prevailed and if no other action was taken, taxes would have increased, although not by the full $858 billion. But Baldwin did vote separately for a measure that would have extended most of the Bush tax cuts. And it can’t be assumed that the Bush tax cuts would not have been extended had the bill Baldwin opposed not become law. There’s only an element of  in the chamber’s , which is our definition for .
Statement: Nearly 7 million Floridians have pre-existing conditions — but Rick Scott and Florida Republicans wants to take away their health care coverage by ending the Affordable Care Act.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: September 5, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Florida Democratic Party said, "Nearly 7 million Floridians have pre-existing conditions — but Rick Scott and Florida Republicans wants to take away their health care coverage by ending the Affordable Care Act." Scott says he’s in favor of preserving pre-existing condition protections, but he’s a longtime supporter of repealing the law that enshrines them, which means he’s pursuing a policy that endangers those protections. Meanwhile, the 7 million figure  the number of people who would be at immediate risk of seeing their coverage taken away shortly after an adverse court decision. That number might be closer to 2 million -- a large figure, but substantially smaller than what the tweet said. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Dr. Anthony Fauci said he will not "take a PCR COVID test.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 12, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claims that Fauci said he wasn’t going to take a COVID-19 test. The video takes Fauci’s words out of context to make it look like he distrusts PCR testing for COVID-19. Fauci’s comment came at the start of the pandemic, when testing supplies were tight, and certain groups were prioritized for testing. Fauci didn’t have COVID-19 symptoms, so he wouldn’t have been prioritized for testing. In the full clip, on CNN, Fauci explained that he would get a COVID-19 test if he were in a situation that put him at a higher risk of contracting the coronavirus. Because the video is real but excludes Fauci’s explanation and any sense of timing, we rate the Instagram post .
Statement: Overnight, election workers "found" 140,000 mail in ballots in Wisconsin; 200,000 in Michigan and 1 million in Pennsylvania. "All for Biden. None for Trump.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 8, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts are spreading a tweet that claims election workers, overnight, "found" 140,000 mail in ballots in Wisconsin, 200,000 in Michigan and 1 million in Pennsylvania, and all were for Biden. This is . The numbers are either  or exaggerated, and the post misinterprets the counting and reporting of legal mail in ballots as "found" votes. We rate this . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: An amazing 5,400 jobs were lost in the first 12 months of the (smoking) ban's implementation in Ohio's hospitality industry alone.
Speaker: chris mccalla
About the speaker: egislative director of the Columbus, Ga.-based International Premium Cigar & Pipe Retailers Association
Date: August 1, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: public health
Context: Press Release
Fact-check justification: Total nonfarm employment has dropped 6.3. percent since 2007, according to federal data. Back in Georgia, the point is almost entirely academic. In a meeting last week, amid warnings of economic consequences from opponents, the DeKalb County Board of Commissioners voted 4-2 against expanding the county’s indoor smoking ban. When the smoke cleared, we rated this lost-jobs  as .
Statement: The House passed "cut, cap and balance" with "bipartisan support.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: July 25, 2011
Location: national
Topics: bipartisanship;federal budget
Context: a televised speech
Fact-check justification: But in speaking to a wider audience -- a national television address -- we think many viewers would be led to believe that the bill in fact had a significant degree of Democratic support, when in fact it did not. This strikes us as just as  as Obama's earlier  about the health care vote in committee. So we're giving it the same rating: .    Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: The Bidens own 10% of" a Chinese firm whose stock is up almost 300%" since Joe Biden was elected.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 5, 2021
Topics: china;transportation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Stock up 90%, not 300%: CATL shares trade on China’s Shenzhen stock exchange. The closing prices for CATL stock were 256.02 yuan (or about $40) on Nov. 3, 2020, the day of the presidential election; 266.43 yuan on Nov. 9, the first market day after he was declared the winner; and 486.50 yuan on Sept. 3, 2021, the last market day before the image was posted on Facebook. From Nov. 3, 2020, to Sept. 3, 2021, the price increased 90%. In 2020, the year before Biden took office, the stock price tripled. We rate the  .
Statement: Says the Koch Brothers sponsored "a study that shows that Medicare for All would save the American people $2 trillion over a 10-year period.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: July 30, 2018
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: In cheekily thanking the Koch brothers, Sanders said a study they indirectly sponsored "shows that Medicare for All would save the American people $2 trillion over a 10-year period." The $2 trillion figure can be traced back to the Mercatus report. But it is one of two scenarios the report offers, so Sanders’ use of the term "would" is too strong. The alternative figure, which assumes that a Medicare for All plan isn’t as successful in controlling costs as its sponsors hope it will be, would lead to an increase of almost $3.3 trillion in national health care expenditures, not a decline. Independent experts say the alternative scenario of weaker cost control is at least as plausible. We rate the statement .
Statement: Ponzi schemer Scott Rothstein "gave hundreds of thousands of campaign cash to control Crist's appointments of key state judges.
Speaker: republican party of florida
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Florida represents Republicans in Florida.
Date: August 17, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance;ethics
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Florida ad said that Ponzi schemer Scott Rothstein "gave hundreds of thousands of campaign cash to control Crist’s appointments of key state judges." Rothstein and his firm spent huge sums donating to the Republican Party of Florida back when Crist was a Republican, and they also gave directly to Crist’s campaigns. Crist appointed Rothstein to serve on a commission that recommended appeals judges, but in his official capacity he was only one of nine votes. Rothstein boasted in court testimony that in exchange for donations he was able to dictate judicial appointments. But nobody who served with Rothstein remembered him as a strong advocate. It is certainly possible that Rothstein and Crist discussed judicial appointments. We may never have a full accounting of what the two men said to each other. But to say that Rothstein controlled the appointments seems to be an overstatement that lacks . We rate this  .
Statement: In Parkland, Fla. "the mass murderer was immersed in Islamic and leftwing hate.
Speaker: pamela geller
About the speaker: Pamela Geller is an activist who co-founded Stop Islamization of America, also known as the American Freedom Defense Initiative, a far-right group. In February 2015, Geller's group hosted a "Draw the Prophet" event in Garland, Texas, during which two shooters tried to ambush the event but were killed. 
Date: February 14, 2018
Topics: fake news;crime;religion;punditfact
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: The Geller Report described Cruz as being "immersed in Islamic and leftwing hate." Law enforcement are investigating motives, but so far Cruz appeared to be a person who had mental illness and a fascination with guns. A mocking Instagram post attributed to him showed he Googled the phrase "Allahu Akbar" but that doesn’t prove that he was immersed in Islamic and left-wing hate. We found no  to support Geller’s . We rate this statement .
Statement: Senate Democrats who left the state for weeks to delay a vote on union bargaining power exercised a "Wisconsin filibuster" provided by the state's constitution.
Speaker: chris larson
About the speaker: Chris Larson, a Milwaukee Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin state Senate in November 2010. A former member of the Milwaukee County Board, he is a candidate for Milwaukee County executive in 2016.
Date: March 11, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a statement to a TV reporter
Fact-check justification: Indeed, Democrats felt shaky enough about their legal ground that they left the state to avoid being compelled to return to Madison. The quorum provision in the constitution did create an opening for the Democrats to no-show. So, in that sense, Larson is correct that the constitution "gave" them a tool to delay the vote. But a critical fact that would give a different impression is left out: Wisconsin has no filibuster provision. That’s a .
Statement: The health care reform law "offset[s] 6 years of benefits with 10 years of tax increases.
Speaker: eric cantor
About the speaker: Eric Cantor is a former congressman who represented Virginia's 7th District from 2001 to 2014. He rose to House minority whip in 2009 and House majority leader in 2011. Cantor was upset by Dave Brat in the 2014 GOP primary for congress. He is now vice chairman and managing director of Moelis & Company, a global investment bank.
 
 
 
Date: January 6, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: Cantor is correct that the bill's biggest expansions in coverage do not happen until 2014, including the exchanges, the subsidies and the Medicaid expansion. He's also right that some taxation begins well before that. But several of the bill’s  most popular provisions -- including no cancelation of health insurance for pre-exisitng conditions and guaranteed coverage of dependents to age 26 -- have taken effect and other components will be implemented before 2014. And only 10 percent taxes that come with health care reform will be levied in the first four years. So we find his  .
Statement: Foxconn has already "made a positive impact across Wisconsin with more than 1,000 new jobs.
Speaker: wisconsin republican legislative leaders
About the speaker: Robin Vos, R-Rochester, is the speaker of the Wisconsin Assembly. Scott Fitzgerald, R-Juneau, is Senate Majority Leader. Republicans have controlled both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature since the 2010 election.
 
Date: January 30, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs
Context: a joint statement
Fact-check justification: Nearly all of those jobs are temporary, construction-related positions. Experts say it’s more likely several hundred construction workers were on the job at any given point thus far. The discrepancy is particularly noteworthy since the number of Foxconn jobs is a key aspect of the political debate, and hiring at Foxconn itself fell short of the 260 jobs needed to qualify for a first round of state tax credits. That makes it a statement with an element of  that ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That’s our definition of .