chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Democrat Maxine Waters has shown up to only 10 percent of congressional meetings for 35 years.
Speaker: teddystick.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: June 7, 2017
Topics: fake news;voting record;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: We spot-checked Waters’ 2015-16 record as ranking member of the House Committee on Financial Services, which also gives her ex officio status on a half-dozen subcommittees, meaning Waters could attend meetings for those subcommittees if she chose. By our count, Waters missed 37 percent of the hearings listed on the Government Publishing Office’s website. There’s no  Waters attended a paltry 10 percent of meetings, however you count them. TeddyStick.com used a dubious source that appeared to have just made up the stat. We rate this statement !
Statement: Oil money from federal leases "can only be used to clean up the mess and damages from drilling.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: June 15, 2009
Location: national
Topics: environment
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: We think many people might miss that distinction, however. Nelson's strongly worded statement will probably leave them with the impression that Florida couldn't get any education money from any drilling, when it could opt to do what Texas has done and use revenue from drilling within 10 miles for education. He also is extrapolating the rules from other states to apply to Florida when in fact Congress still must address how the state would be affected. And it's conceivable that Congress could change the rules for Florida or the other states, and allow that money to be spent for broader uses. So we subtract a few points and give Nelson a .
Statement: Says there is proof Democrats hired actors to plan violence in Charlottesville.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 14, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: Bloggers said there is proof Democrats hired actors to plan violence in Charlottesville. Several websites implied that left-leaning protesters hired crowds to impersonate white supremacists to incite violence. They pointed to a Craigslist ad  for California-based Crowds On Demand hiring paid actors in Charlotte, N.C., to join crowds at unspecified events as . But wild suspicions and allegations aren’t enough to serve as proof. Crowds On Demand denied being involved, and we found no confirmation of the accusations the bloggers made.   It requires a big leap in logic to presume an ad in North Carolina has anything to do with protesters clashing in Virginia. We rate this statement .
Statement: Bernie Sanders has "never taken corporate lobbyist money in his *entire political career.*
Speaker: alexandria ocasio-cortez
About the speaker: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a Democrat, was elected to New York's 14th Congressional district seat in November 2018.
Date: February 20, 2020
Topics: campaign finance;corporations
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Ocasio-Cortez said Sanders has "never taken corporate lobbyist money in his entire political career."  In at least a few cases during his campaigns for Senate and president, Sanders did accept contributions in the hundreds of dollars, or thousands, from registered lobbyists who represent corporations. We rate the statement .
Statement: It's clear in our country right now, almost half of American families are a $400 unexpected expense away from complete upheaval.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: April 17, 2019
Location: california
Topics: economy;poverty
Context: a podcast
Fact-check justification: RELATED: Kamala Harris calls her LIFT plan ‘the most significant middle-class tax cut in generations.’ Is it? Kamala Harris gets it  right on America’s rapid growth of student loan debt Are paychecks failing to keep up with inflation? Does teacher pay fall short of the living wage in 30 states, as Kamala Harris said?
Statement: Says his campaign has received donations from "more than 7,000 contributors.
Speaker: andrew gillum
About the speaker: Andrew Gillum won the Florida primary for governor in August 2018 and lost the November election to Ron DeSantis. He is a former mayor of Tallahassee and member of the Tallahassee city commission.
Date: June 9, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Gillum says his campaign has received donations from "more than 7,000 contributors." Gillum has raised more individual donations than leading competitors. But his donor total was  by more than 1,500 individuals because he counted some donors more than once. We rate this  .
Statement: Says President Dwight Eisenhower "moved 1.5 million illegal immigrants out of this country.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 10, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration;history
Context: the Fox Business Network debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said President Eisenhower "moved 1.5 million illegal immigrants out of this country." Trump is referring to a 1954 campaign known as "Operation Wetback." While the idea that the operation resulted in more than 1 million deportations is not pulled out of thin air, historians widely cite that number as far too high for a variety of reasons -- including the fact that hundreds of thousands of undocumented immigrants would have had to self-deport. Also, it wasn’t just a deportation program. The campaign accompanied more legal immigration opportunities. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Says "these 'Jersey Shore' folks, they're from New York.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: October 19, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: pop culture
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: The governor said the cast members of the "Jersey Shore" are from New York and misrepresent "who the people are here in New Jersey." Sammi and Deena are  Jersey girls -- born and raised. "The Situation" was born in New York, but grew up and still lives in New Jersey. We think he deserves some Jersey cred. Four New Yorkers -- one of whom, "JWoww,"  has since moved to New Jersey -- and a Rhode Island-native round out the rest of the crew.   We rate Christie’s statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Tesla launched a cryptocurrency platform that "aims to help families become wealthier.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 19, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: However, we found no  such as press releases from Tesla that would connect the company to "Bitcoin iFex 360 Ai," which the blog post claimed is a new cryptocurrency trading platform that Tesla said "can transform anyone into a millionaire within 3-4 months. "  A Belgian television broadcaster reached the same conclusion in November, when it looked at a French-language version of the claims in this post.   As we were reporting this story, the blog post text changed to reflect that Tesla had launched a platform by a different name: "+360 iFex App BTC." Whatever the name, this is . We rate this post .
Statement: Says $38 billion in spending cuts in federal budget compromise is "less than $1 billion in real cuts.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: April 16, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;state budget
Context: Madison, Wisconsin
Fact-check justification: The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office said the spending cuts would amount to only $352 million for fiscal 2011. But it said the cuts would total $20 billion to $25 billion from 2011 to 2021. Palin’s statement contained some element of , in that the spending cuts amount to less than $1 billion for the fiscal year that ends Sept. 30, 2011. But she ignored a critical fact, namely that the bill makes $20 billion to $25 billion in cuts over the next 10 years. We rate her  .
Statement: Seniors will see $500 billion in Medicare cuts to fund Obamacare.
Speaker: u.s. chamber of commerce
About the speaker: From the chamber's Web site: "The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world's largest business federation representing 3 million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. More than 96% of U.S. Chamber members are small businesses with 100 employees or fewer."
Date: May 9, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: elections;health care;medicare;message machine 2012;tampa bay 10 news
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Medicare spending is still set to increase, just not at as high a rate as originally anticipated. The difference, about $500 billion, is being used to help fund other provisions in the new health care law.   That’s the small kernel of  in this , which we rate . PolitiFact Florida and 10 News are partnering for the 2012 election season. See a video version of this fact-check here .
Statement: A CNN video shows "HAMMER / Scorecard Voter Software Fraud in Real Time
Speaker: pamela geller
About the speaker: Pamela Geller is an activist who co-founded Stop Islamization of America, also known as the American Freedom Defense Initiative, a far-right group. In February 2015, Geller's group hosted a "Draw the Prophet" event in Garland, Texas, during which two shooters tried to ambush the event but were killed. 
Date: November 9, 2020
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on the Geller Report
Fact-check justification: Geller said that a 2019 CNN video clip shows the work of purported CIA-built hacking software Hammer and Scorecard in action. The clip shows a momentary glitch in election night totals. The head of the government agency created by Trump to protect against cyber attacks called the Hammer and Scorecard theory, "nonsense." Election security experts said election night totals are distinct from official results, and post-Election Day vetting by state officials catches discrepancies between local results and totals calculated at the central office. They also noted that if someone truly wanted to steal an election, the example Geller cited makes no practical sense. We rate this  . CORRECTION: This report has been changed to correct the description of the narrator's discussion of the winning margin in the Beshear-Bevin race. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: From 2013-2015, the richest 14 Americans increased their net wealth by more than $157 billion, yet the Republican budget would not require these Americans to contribute one penny to deficit reduction.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: March 23, 2015
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;wealth;taxes
Context: a Tweet
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "From 2013-2015, the richest 14 Americans increased their net wealth by more than $157 billion, yet the Republican budget would not require these Americans to contribute one penny to deficit reduction." The 14 richest Americans’ net wealth did go up by about $157 billion between 2013 and 2015. The proposed Republican budget does not ask anything specific of the ultra-wealthy. It does not raise taxes, but it says it intends to streamline the tax code. However, these are broad strokes -- not specific legislation. So we don’t know how lawmakers would specifically handle these proposals, and we don’t know how they would impact the ultra-wealthy. Sanders’ statement is partially accurate but leaves out important context, so we rate it .
Statement: Sixty-percent of the state retirees...don't get Social Security.''
Speaker: kathleen connell
About the speaker: Kathleen Connell is a former secretary of state and one-time teacher who is the Rhode Island AARP’s senior state director.
Date: October 26, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: corrections and updates;labor;public service;retirement;social security;workers
Context: a hearing
Fact-check justification: That was based on information from the Rhode Island Association of School Committees. After this item was published, the association said that it had made a . In fact, Central Falls teachers are not covered by Social Security. (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: 70% of Georgians said they would vote for Trump in 2024.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: March 15, 2021
Location: georgia
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: Huckabee said that 70% of Georgians said they would vote for Trump in 2024.  That’s not the case. According to the Trafalgar Group’s poll, the 70% support for Trump was among likely Republican primary voters.  We rate this post .
Statement: Kari Lake has "gone on the record saying she supports Arizona's complete abortion ban. She's called it a great law.
Speaker: katie hobbs
About the speaker: Arizona Secretary of State Katie Hobbs, a former member of the Arizona House and Senate, is running for the 2022 Democratic nomination for governor of Arizona. 
Date: October 9, 2022
Location: national
Topics: abortion;women;arizona
Context: an interview on CBS News' Face the Nation
Fact-check justification: Hobbs said Lake has "gone on the record saying she supports Arizona's complete abortion ban. She's called it a great law." In an interview, Lake said she was "thrilled that we are going to have a great law that's already on the books," and identified the law by number. The law bans all abortions except to save the mother’s life. That is a significant but not "complete" abortion ban. We rate this  .
Statement: We (in Illinois) have the fifth-highest tax burden in the country.
Speaker: christine radogno
About the speaker: Sen. Christine Radogno, R-Lemont, is Republican Leader of the Illinois State Senate.
Date: November 14, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: taxes
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Senate Republican Leader Christine Radogno said Illinois has the fifth-highest tax burden in the country. It’s a statistic she and other Republicans cite often as they argue for a property tax freeze as one of several changes they want made before they will agree to a budget with Madigan and Democrats. While independent experts say the No. 5 rank for Illinois issued by the Tax Foundation for overall tax burden is accurate, the overall burden includes taxes paid outside of Illinois and is not the best metric for the burden taxpayers carry as a result of tax policy and structure and those taxes paid within the state. Illinois actually is No. 7 nationwide by the measure that best reflects in-state tax policy set by lawmakers. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f500e006-4c6e-49cb-b6c3-eada6c7ee46a
Statement: Electricity rates are 40 percent higher in states that have required utility companies to use a certain amount of renewable energy such as solar power.
Speaker: americans for prosperity georgia chapter
About the speaker: Americans for Prosperity's Georgia chapter is a conservative group advocates for limited government, free markets and fiscal and regulatory restraint.
Date: July 1, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: energy
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: It may be premature to make a correlation between the solar market and electricity prices. The chapter’s  is based on accurate data, but it’s missing some important details. We rate it . Editor's Note: This article includes updated information from an Associated Press report. The rating remained the same.
Statement: Says Obama has never submitted a budget, and Congress has worked for two years without passing one.
Speaker: buddy roemer
About the speaker: Buddy Roemer is the former governor of Louisiana, a former member of Congress, and a Republican candidate for president.
Date: July 20, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;new hampshire 2012
Context: Bedford, N.H.
Fact-check justification: A last minute spending bill finally passed in April 2011 under the threat of a government shutdown. And, since then, the passage of the debt ceiling increase has made the passage of a budget resolution for the current fiscal year less pressing. Taken in the context of his remarks, Roemer’s assertion implies that Obama and the Democrats have been irresponsible -- and as a result, there has been no budget for the last two years. Obama submitted budgets, but it is  that during 2009 and 2010, when Democrats controlled the Congress, no budget was passed. As a result, we rate this statement .
Statement: The number of killings of citizens by police is at a two-decade high.
Speaker: marc morial
About the speaker: Marc Morial is the president of the National Urban League, a century-old civil rights organization. He served two terms as mayor of New Orleans.
Date: November 30, 2014
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: an appearance on 'Fox News Sunday'
Fact-check justification: Morial said, "The number of killings of citizens by police is at a two-decade high." Morial was quoting a USA Today analysis based on FBI statistics. In that sense, Morial seemed to have good sources. But digging deeper showed the information is hardly reliable. Only a fraction of law enforcement agencies provide this data to the FBI, and the agencies reporting changes every year. These problems are not new and were in fact noted in the USA Today story he referenced. Normally we would put more stock in FBI statistics. But in this case there are many known problems with the data. We rate the
Statement: Photos show "sheep feces" that are "now in high demand in China because of their richness in protein.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 19, 2022
Topics: china;food;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Rather, people were surprised by how much tapioca, or boba, was in the tea.   "Did you order a glass of bubble tea or a glass of boba pearls?" one person commented, according to the story.   We found no  that feces is popular in China, either.   We rate this post !
Statement: Michelle Nunn's "foundation directed grants to an Islamic group tied to radical terrorists.
Speaker: ending spending action fund
About the speaker: The Ending Spending Action Fund describes itself as “an independent organization that proudly supports candidates regardless of party affiliation who favor enhancing free enterprise, reducing the size of government, and balancing our nation's budget.” It was founded in 2010 under another name by Joe Ricketts, a businessman who founded TD Ameritrade and whose family owns the Chicago Cubs baseball club, according to Open Secrets, a website that tracks money in politics. Ricketts has said he is a registered independent.
Date: August 4, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: terrorism
Context: television attack ad
Fact-check justification: But Points of Light  instead allowed eBay buyers and sellers to choose whether to take part in the program and then designate any one of 20,000 charities, including Islamic Relief USA, to get donated funds.   Donors  gave to an entity that is not on the U.S. government’s terrorist watch list. These type of donations started before Nunn arrived at Points of Light, and the nonprofit sold MissionFish, three years before the Israel government banned the umbrella group. Ending Spending Action makes a very specific  based more on innuendo than . We rate it .
Statement: Rick Scott "has said that he would do away with the Department of Community Affairs.
Speaker: alex sink
About the speaker: Alex Sink is a candidate for Congress in Florida's 13th Congressional District. She served as Florida's Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2011. She was the Democratic Party's nominee for governor in 2010, but lost to Rick Scott.
Date: October 25, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Sink's campaign has not produced  that Scott made that statement and the burden of proof is on her to back up her attack made in the final full week of the campaign. Scott has clearly criticized the agency, saying it has been "killing jobs," but during the debate he denied saying he wanted to eliminate it. Scott's campaign repeated his denial but didn't provide specifics for his plans for the DCA. So other than a review, Scott's plan for the agency, if he wins, remains a mystery. Still, without  that Scott said it, we rate this  .
Statement: Says a leader of the Blackfeet Nation tribe designed the current Washington Redskins logo and once said it "made us all proud to have an Indian on a big-time team.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 3, 2020
Topics: history;sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Posts on Facebook say Walter Wetzel, a former Blackfeet Nation tribal leader, "designed the Redskins logo" and said it made Native Americans proud. Wetzel persuaded team executives in 1972 to change its logo to a profile of an Indian warrior, though he himself did not design it. He did once say in a Washington Post interview that it "made us all proud to have an Indian on a big-time team." Meanwhile, numerous tribes and Native American organizations say the team’s name and imagery is offensive and have fought for years to have it changed. We rate this .