chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: We are the poster child for compliance, and whenever we discover possible infractions we resolve and report it to the NCAA no matter how minor the violations.
Speaker: e. gordon gee
About the speaker: E. Gordon Gee is is president of West Virginia University. His current tenure in office began in 2014, but he was first named WVU president in 1981 at age 36 – at the time, among the youngest persons to ever serve as a university president. He led West Virginia University until 1985, then went on to presidencies at the University of Colorado (1985-90), Brown University (1998-2000) and Vanderbilt University (2001-07). He served as president of the Ohio State University from 1990-97 and again from 2007-13. 
Date: October 4, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: sports
Context: a comment to a reporter
Fact-check justification: And there is no  that the compliance office has failed to properly report infractions to the NCAA or cover up anything that has come to light. The NCAA has said it doesn’t see anything that points to a systematic problem in athletics in the recent infractions. However, the actions of Coach Tressel, a prominent figure with major responsibility in the athletics department, constitute a critical failure in reporting violations -- a failure that cost him his job. So OSU isn’t exactly "the poster child for compliance," but we’ll give Gee some points for accuracy in describing the university’s commitment to reporting violations. We’ll have to throw a flag for hyperbole, though, and rate the statement .
Statement: (McCain) was opposed to ethanol. Now he's for it.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: April 26, 2007
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: Stratham, N.H
Fact-check justification: We have a situation where greenhouse gases has now become--emissions has become a vital issue. I am for sugarcane, biofuels, switch grass, and corn-based ethanol because of our need for independence on foreign oil. … I have adjusted to the realities of the world we live in today, and if I don't adjust to those realities, then I would be stuck in the past." That's a significant change in opinion on the biofuel. We found the statement that McCain used to oppose ethanol but now supports it to be .
Statement: This (parent trigger) legislation was drafted by President Obama's top advisers. It was drafted by President Clinton's top advisers.
Speaker: carlos trujillo
About the speaker: Rep. Carlos Trujillo is a Miami attorney first elected to the Florida House in 2010.
Date: March 22, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a House Education Committee meeting
Fact-check justification: In trying to persuade Democrats to support his parent trigger bill, Trujillo said, "This legislation was drafted by President Obama's top advisers. It was drafted by President Clinton’s top advisers." He makes it sound as if the legislation were written in the West Wing. Parent groups, unions and activists may disagree vehemently on the bill, but they sound in agreement on one thing: The concept was not drafted by "top advisers" to Clinton and Obama. The people who had a hand in creating the legislation would more accurately be described as supporters of Obama and Clinton, not "top advisers." We rate his statement .
Statement: If you and I fail to defund ObamaCare now, some 16,000 new IRS agents will be begin prying into our private medical records, eyeing each and every one of our treatments and prescriptions for "violations'.
Speaker: association of mature american citizens
About the speaker: The Association of Mature American Citizens was founded in 2007. Its founder, a retired insurance agency owner named Dan Weber, said he created it to counter what he saw as the political bias of the American Association of Retired Persons. Besides acting as a self-proclaimed conservative advocacy group, the organization offers discounts to members from cooperating businesses.
Date: November 10, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: health care;retirement
Context: a direct mail letter
Fact-check justification: "There are not going to be any discussions about health coverage with an IRS employee." "The role of the IRS is going to be, again, the tax portions of this," he said, "not the health portions of this." Our Ruling Dan Weber, president of the Association of Mature American Citizens, said in a widely circulated letter that under the federal health overhaul, 16,000 new IRS agents will be   "prying into our private medical records." Weber’s letter recycled arguments that have been repeatedly found to be untrue -- and added a new and equally untrue element. .
Statement: Sixty-two percent of all personal bankruptcies are "caused by medical problems.
Speaker: chris dodd
About the speaker: Chris Dodd is a former U.S. senator from Connecticut, having served in that post from 1981-2011. Dodd also ran unsuccessfully for the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination and was a member of the U.S. House prior to his service in the Senate. He was born in Connecticut in 1944, graduated from Providence College and earned a law degree from the University of Louisville. Dodd is married to Jackie Marie Clegg. They have two children.
Date: June 8, 2009
Location: national
Topics: bankruptcy;health care
Context: an opinion piece
Fact-check justification: The statistic that we think is most reliable is the percentage of people who say medical bills were the reason for their bankruptcy, and that number is 29 percent. The 2007 study uses a broader definition to conclude that 62.1 percent of all bankruptcies have medical-related causes. Dodd is citing that number correctly. But we find that percentage questionable because it reflects a broad definition of medical issues that contribute to bankruptcy. We rate his statement .
Statement: Texas' high school graduation rate went from 27th in the country in 2002, to second highest in the country in 2013.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: July 2, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: education;states
Context: a speech at the National Press Club
Fact-check justification: Perry said: "Texas’ high school graduation rate went from 27th in the country in 2002, to 2nd highest in the country in 2013." Texas graduation rates improved while Perry was governor. But this comparison evidently jammed together results reached by different calculations--a statistical no-no leaving the misimpression that Texas galloped past many states on Perry’s watch. It looks to us like Texas actually moved from about 27th nationally in 2002 to tied for 22nd in 2012, according to a measure that compares graduates each year to tallies of students earlier enrolled in lower grades. By a newer gauge tied to tracking individual students, Texas in 2013 tied for third (not No. 2). We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Four state Assembly Democrats "scored a death blow to northeast Wisconsin's economy" by killing hundreds of jobs at a potential Bass Pro Shops near Green Bay.
Speaker: scott suder
About the speaker: Scott Suder is a Republican member of the state Assembly from Abbotsford, in north central Wisconsin. He represents the 69th Assembly District and serves as the Assembly Majority leader. He was elected to the seat in 1998.
Date: January 28, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;jobs
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: But there was no agreement between the developer and Bass Pro Shops and the wetlands objections had been raised by DNR staffers and environmentalists long before the Democratic lawmakers weighed in. Indeed, Walker and the Legislature were already moving to address the concerns about the wetlands issue slowing the project even before the letter. What’s more, the number of jobs in question -- welcome as they would be -- certainly doesn’t rate as a death blow to an entire region’s economy. Suder’s pen is filled with red, flame-colored ink. .
Statement: Inflation has been caused by the global economies shutting down all at once, reopening all at once. And … the U.S. economy is recovering at a far faster pace than any other country in the OECD.
Speaker: patrick gaspard
About the speaker: Patrick Gaspard is president and CEO of the Center for American Progress, a liberal think tank. Under President Barack Obama, Gaspard served as U.S. ambassador to South Africa, as executive director of the Democratic National Committee, and as assistant to the president and director of the White House Office of Political Affairs.
Date: February 13, 2022
Topics: economy;punditfact;coronavirus
Context: remarks on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Gaspard said that "inflation has been caused by the global economies shutting down all at once, reopening all at once. And … the U.S. economy is recovering at a far faster pace than any other country in the OECD." The U.S. has experienced faster economic growth than most of its most direct global competitors, and experts agree that this has contributed to inflationary pressures.  While many of these inflationary pressures are traceable to global factors related to the pandemic, some have flowed from the fiscal choices made by the Biden administration.  We rate the statement .
Statement: Our government right now. . . (is) spending 40 percent more than what we take in.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: October 11, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;new hampshire 2012
Context: Republican presidential primary debate
Fact-check justification: Bachmann said, "Our government right now -- this is significant -- we are spending 40 percent more than what we take in." It turns out, she was actually lowballing the number. The correct percentage by which federal spending exceeded revenues in 2011 was 56 percent, not 40, but Bachmann’s broader point is correct. We rate her statement .
Statement: If there is a firearm available, it is 17 times more likely to be used either for suicide or for assaulting a friend, relative, an acquaintance than it is to be used in fending off an intruder.
Speaker: paul soglin
About the speaker: Paul Soglin, a Democrat, is serving as mayor of Madison, Wis., for the third time. His first stint dated to 1973. He was most recently elected in April 2011. In January 2018, he announced his candidacy for governor in the 2018 election.
Date: March 23, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;guns
Context: a public forum
Fact-check justification: Soglin is on point in stating a gun is much more likely to be used for a suicide, assault or homicide than used in self-defense, but is on less solid ground when it comes to stating exactly how many times more likely. That depends on the study, many of which do not differentiate between known and unknown victims. What’s more, recent research is limited. Overall, we rate Soglin’s  . Original reporting for this story was done for The Observatory , a University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Journalism fact checking website featuring the work of students.
Statement: Says under Mitt Romney, Massachusetts was 47th in job creation.
Speaker: julián castro
About the speaker: Julián Castro is a former U.S. secretary of Housing & Urban Development. He was the youngest member of Barack Obama’s cabinet, serving from 2014 to 2017. Just before he became secretary of HUD, he was the mayor of San Antonio, elected in 2009. Castro received a bachelor’s degree in political science and communications from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on Jan. 2, 2020.
Date: June 8, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: jobs
Context: Houston
Fact-check justification: The job-creation ranking for Massachusetts is right; the implication that Romney is solely to blame for the state’s low standing does not hold up. We give Castro, like Axelrod before him, a .
Statement: Our high school graduation rate is the highest on record.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 20, 2014
Location: national
Topics: children;corrections and updates;education
Context: Orlando
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "Our high school graduation rate is the highest on record." On paper, it’s an accurate  using the federal government's metric, but that only accounts for public school students and states and local school districts collect the data differently, creating inconsistencies. We also found another trusted model that puts the high point at 1969. Still, the general sense in the education industry is that rates are on the rise and considerably higher than 20 or even 10 years ago. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it . Correction, April 9, 2014: The initial version of this story incorrectly stated that the Education Department had changed how it calculated the Average Freshman Graduation Rate, citing a March 2013 press release . However, that release was referencing a different statistic, the Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate, which Obama was not referencing in his speech. The story has been adjusted to reflect this correction. This does not change our rating of .
Statement: The border security plan of Sens. McCain and Kyl called for 3,000 additional troops to keep us safe. President Obama says he'll send 524.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 29, 2010
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: But he downplays the number of personnel Obama has called for. The number 524 represents only National Guard troops being sent to Arizona as part an initiative announced in May. It does not include the 1,000 to 1,500 additional border patrol agents in proposed legislation that Obama supports, some of whom would be assigned to Arizona. Still, McCain does appear to want more new agents and troops sent to the border than Obama does. So we rate McCain's statement .
Statement: Says taxes paid by the poorest residents of Texas are above the national average.
Speaker: paul krugman
About the speaker: Paul Krugman is a columnist for the New York Times and professor of Economics and International Affairs at Princeton University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2008. He describes himself as liberal.
Date: February 28, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: income;taxes
Context: an op-ed column
Fact-check justification: Though measurable, "it’s not a huge difference," Gardner said. Footnote: Krugman’s statement might not have applied to both subsets of lower-income Texans in the past. The institute’s previous studies, based on different methodologies and 1995 and 2002 tax payments, similarly showed the poorest 20 percent of Texans paying more than counterparts nationally. But the next-to-poorest 20 percent of Texans paid less of their incomes to state and local taxes than residents in the same income group nationally, Gardner said. We rate Krugman’s statement .
Statement: Raising taxes on investment income has actually lowered the revenue received from the tax, while cutting capital gains tax rates has increased revenue.
Speaker: jim renacci
About the speaker: Jim Renacci, a Republican, is running against U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown, a Democrat, in 2018. Renacci is the representative from Ohio's 16th Congressional District. He is a businessman and also the former mayor of Wadsworth. He was first elected to Congress in 2010.
Date: February 15, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: taxes
Context: a commentary
Fact-check justification: Renacci is correct that revenues do tend to increase following a cut in the rate -- but the spike is temporary, not a long-term phenomenon. Higher rates generally reduce realizations of capital gains -- but that does not necessarily mean they cut revenues. So the record is murkier on the other half of Renacci's statement, the corollary that raising rates decreases revenue. The one broad and widely applicable rate increase of the past 60 years, effective in 1987, led to a one-year spike in revenue followed by three years of revenues that were actually higher than those before the rate hike. We rate his statement .
Statement: In 2005 or 2006 U.S. Sen. Chuck Schumer "voted for the wall.
Speaker: jim renacci
About the speaker: Jim Renacci, a Republican, is running against U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown, a Democrat, in 2018. Renacci is the representative from Ohio's 16th Congressional District. He is a businessman and also the former mayor of Wadsworth. He was first elected to Congress in 2010.
Date: January 24, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: immigration;congress;homeland security
Context: an interview on Fox Business Network
Fact-check justification: Renacci said that in 2005 or 2006, Schumer "voted for the wall." Schumer voted for the Secure Fence Act of 2006, which authorized building a fence along about 700 miles of the border between the United States and Mexico. But that fence is not as substantial as Trump’s proposed wall. Trump himself called the 2006 fence a "nothing wall." We rate this statement . '
Statement: Americans spend 6.1 billion hours a year complying with tax law. It costs us $163 billion to comply with our tax laws annually.
Speaker: ron wyden
About the speaker: Ron Wyden is the Democratic U.S. Senator from Oregon.
Date: February 24, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: taxes
Context: a prepared statement
Fact-check justification: It also agreed with the cost. The Advocate’s office "estimates that the costs of complying with the individual and corporate income tax requirements for 2008 amounted to $163 billion – or a staggering 11 percent of aggregate income tax receipts." That’s good enough for us. As Tax Day approaches, we rate this  . Comment on this item.
Statement: Texas lawmakers "left children able to be sterilized and mutilated at any point in their life" by failing to adopt a law prohibiting minors from undergoing medical or surgical gender transitions.
Speaker: cindi castilla
About the speaker: Cindi Castilla is the president of the Dallas Eagle Forum, a conservative organization that advocates for policy at the state legislature.
Date: October 30, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: health care;public health
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling Castilla said state lawmakers "left children able to be sterilized and mutilated at any point in their life" by failing to adopt a law prohibiting minors from undergoing medical or surgical gender transitions. Castilla is right that there is no law regulating transition-related treatment separately from other medically-necessary care and the same age regulations apply — minors need parental consent. Widely accepted guidelines for transition care emphasize gender-affirming care and therapy as primary tools for children. More intensive options, like surgery or hormone treatment, are typically reserved for older adolescents (with parental consent) and adults. We rate this  .
Statement: If you look at most of the polls, this is a margin-of-error race on Fourth of July between Mitt Romney and the president.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: July 3, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: elections;polls and public opinion
Context: an interview on CNBC
Fact-check justification: Christie said that  "if you look at most of the polls, this is a margin-of-error race on Fourth of July between Mitt Romney and the president." PolitiFact New Jersey reviewed 13 recent polls from different organizations, nearly all of which put Obama ahead of Romney. Only two of those polls showed the president with a lead outside of the margin of error. We rate this  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Barbara Boxer's worried about the weather" instead of terrorism as the biggest threat to national security.
Speaker: carly fiorina
About the speaker: Carly Fiorina is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. She is the former chairman and chief executive officer of Hewlett-Packard Company (HP). She was defeated in her attempt as the Republican nominee to unseat Sen. Barbara Boxer in 2010.
Date: June 2, 2010
Location: national
Topics: environment;candidate biography;homeland security;message machine 2010;terrorism
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: So to recap, Fiorina is guilty of a major distortion here. Boxer brought up climate change and said it was " one of the very important national security issues," but Fiorina ignores that wording and portrays it as if Boxer cited it as the only priority. In addition, Fiorina casts climate change as something you need to pack an umbrella for, or that prompts you to curse at the TV weatherman -- which strikes us as not only a trivialization of climate change but also a failure to distinguish between two well-established scientific specialties. She also ignores Boxer's lengthy record supporting bills against terrorism. So we have to light up the meter: !