chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In 40 years of broadcast, I have never endorsed any candidate.
Speaker: glenn beck
About the speaker: Glenn Beck is the host of The Glenn Beck Program, a nationally syndicated talk-radio show. He also hosts an Internet-based TV show. Beck formerly hosted a television talk show on CNN Headline News and then Fox News.
Date: January 23, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: history
Context: Ankeny, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Beck declared in Iowa he hadn’t previously endorsed a candidate. Beck made a kidding endorsement of a Democrat a few years ago and previously urged support for, or votes against, individuals. But we spotted no  of Beck lock-down endorsing a candidate before he stood with Cruz. We rate Beck's statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: We have more women in the workforce than ever before.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: February 6, 2019
Location: west virginia
Topics: economy;jobs;women
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party cited a line from Trump’s State of the Union address in which he said that the United States has "more women in the workforce than ever before." The raw number of women in the workforce is higher than ever, but that’s meaningless because growth in population means that essentially every year brings a higher number. The more appropriate statistic, economists say, is to look at the percentage of women who are in the workforce -- a measurement that takes rising population levels out of the equation. And while that percentage is rising, the historical peak came in 1999. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Joe Biden killed a Kelly Loeffler campaign staffer.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 5, 2020
Location: georgia
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Our prayers are with the Deal Family — and countless others — as they mourn the tragic loss of Harrison." Deal’s obituary said that he died "in a tragic motor vehicle accident" while traveling to the Savannah airport for a campaign event with Vice President Mike Pence. We rated this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: The typical anglerfish is seven feet long.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 12, 2020
Topics: environment;science;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, anglerfish can’t grow any longer than 3.3 feet, but a typical anglerfish is even smaller -- less than a foot. What’s more, the picture referenced in the Facebook post alleging that anglerfish are typically 7 feet is taken from the Australian Museum’s 2012 exhibit titled  "Deep Oceans." The anglerfish in the photo is actually a large-scale sculpture model of the fish made of  plaster. When the exhibit opened in June 2012, The Sydney Morning Herald reported on how the exhibit’s team had created an "oversized anglerfish" and listed the many steps in making it: "Pieces such as the oversized anglerfish, with huge fangs and antenna-like flashing rod to attract prey, begin with cutting and welding a metal frame, then sculpting material over it and, finally, hand painting it," the story says. While a massive anglerfish model might be a great teaching tool, the  that these deep sea creatures grow to seven feet has no scientific grounding: !
Statement: Says John Elway told NFL players "Kneel on my field and you're fired on the spot.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: July 1, 2020
Topics: race and ethnicity;sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: "  After a lot of listening, I wanted to share some of my thoughts and felt it was time to join this important conversation. pic.twitter.com/2ncnFvmq33 That was the same day NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell said in a video message that the league would embrace the rights of players to protest racism peacefully. Elway never said that he would fire players if they kneeled during the anthem. We rate this !
Statement: The Obama administration spent "$205,075 in 'stimulus' funds to relocate a shrub that sells for $16.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: May 6, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: economy;stimulus
Context: a report
Fact-check justification: Cruz said the Obama administration spent "$205,075 in ‘stimulus’ to relocate a shrub that sells for $16." Some $130 million in stimulus money is supporting a $1 billion California road project that when it started brought to light a thought-to-be-extinct shrub in the wild. But we learned local road toll revenues covered the shrub’s $148,000 move and transplantation--not stimulus aid. Also, there’s a distinction between the rare in-the-wild version the shrub ballyhooed in the city by the bay and the occasionally available commercial versions, which this  fails to acknowledge. We rate the statement, which has an element of  but ignores critical facts such as the singularity of the shrub whose move wasn't funded from stimulus aid, as .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Billie Eilish's younger sister has an OnlyFans account.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: February 20, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Several media outlets have debunked rumors that she does and noted that Eilish only has a brother . Her brother, Finneas, wrote the song "Ocean Eyes" that initially rocketed her to fame. Their close sibling relationship is detailed in a 2021 documentary. Some reports pointed out that Finneas’ girlfriend, Claudia Sulewski, looks like Eilish, which seems to contribute to confusion about her siblings. We rate the  that Eilish's younger sister has an OnlyFans account !
Statement: The Democratic health care bill will "collect higher taxes for 10 years and provide health care for only six years.
Speaker: todd tiahrt
About the speaker: Todd Tiahrt is a former U.S. representative from Kansas. He sought the Republican U.S. Senate nomination to succeed Sam Brownback in 2010, but lost to fellow Rep. Jerry Moran.
Date: March 16, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: So Tiahrt is correct that the bill's biggest expansions in coverage do not happen until 2014, including the exchanges, the subsidies and the Medicaid expansion. He's also right that some taxation begins well before that. But he makes it sound like all the taxes hit immediately and there are no significant benefits in the first four years. In fact, there are some benefits that begin immediately, and the taxes levied in the early years account for a small percentage of the total dollars involved. So we find his  .
Statement: Russian dementia care facilities are using Biden on their poster.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 12, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;russia
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Rather, it’s an emergency number that Americans in Russia can use to reach the U.S. Embassy and Consulates in Russia. We don’t know the origin of these posters, but we’ve seen similar claims before. In 2019, we fact-checked a   that New York City sanitation ads were insulting supporters of former President Donald Trump. In that case, the posters were not associated with the city government but were the satirical work of an unauthorized graphic artist. Considering that the phone number on these Russian-language posters is not for a dementia care facility, as the post claimed, but for the U.S. government, we rate this post .
Statement: What the Arizona law does is make a state crime out of something that already is... a federal crime.
Speaker: george will
About the speaker: George Will is a conservative columnist syndicated by the Washington Post.
Date: April 25, 2010
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a panel discussion on ABC This Week
Fact-check justification: He said that the the new Arizona immigration law makes what is already a federal crime into a state crime. And when it comes to some of the most talked about parts of the law, having to do with aliens who fail to carry proper paperwork and failing to register, Will is correct about the core of the law; federal statutes already makes those two provisions a crime. But the law also includes a new prohibition barring picking up day laborers on the street for hire and soliciting for work. That's not in the federal code. As a result, we find Will's  to be .
Statement: The Senate bill "hands enormous tax cuts to the rich and to the drug and insurance industries, paid for by cutting health care for everybody else.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 22, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Obama said that the Senate bill "hands enormous tax cuts to the rich and to the drug and insurance industries, paid for by cutting health care for everybody else." The Senate bill does give a tax cut to wealthy Americans and medical-related industry. Assuming a budget analysis of the Senate bill is similar to that of the House version, the tax cut will be to the tune of $1 trillion. It’s a bit hyperbolic to say everybody’s health care would be cut to finance the tax cut; it’s  lower-income people who lose out as a direct result of the bill. He’s right that the Senate bill would deliver a tax cut as it reduces the amount of federal funding lower-income Americans would get to help buy insurance. The bill would also repeal funding to defray deductibles and out-of-pocket costs for those eligible. It also lessens the share of Medicaid funding carried by the federal government, relative to states. We rate Obama’s statement .
Statement: Post says a recent bill passed, and "We get another stimulus check for $2500 at July 30, 2021
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 15, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook
Fact-check justification: Our ruling  The Facebook post said that stimulus checks will be given out by the end of the month and includes a link promising more information. The link goes to a page with a picture of a gorilla.   A fourth stimulus check is being considered, but it has not been implemented.   The post was a hoax. We rate its  !
Statement: I've got the most international experience here.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: October 30, 2007
Location: national
Context: Philadelphia, Pa
Fact-check justification: He's spent 35 years in the Senate. He's chairman of the powerful Foreign Relations Committee, a post he held following the 9/11 attacks. His proposal to divide Iraq has considerable support from people in both parties. So it's a stretch for Richardson to  he's No. 1. We recognize he has lots of foreign policy experience, but given his brief time as U.N. ambassador and Biden's significant experience, we find Richardson's statement to be .
Statement: Says City Blue Imaging Services in Rochester, N.Y. "printed ballots there. If you search them you'll see they're the ones who had ballots misprint errors for the ballots sent to NYC.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 27, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: If you search them you’ll see they’re the ones who had ballots misprint errors for the ballots sent to NYC." That’s not . City Blue Imaging Services says it does not do ballot printing. Another company, Phoenix Graphics, is the one that was contracted by New York City election officials to print and distribute ballots; thousands of those ballots were defective. We rate the post .
Statement: Said the Washington Post argued that a failure to pass the START treaty this year would be "no calamity," and that the Associated Press said "the administration concedes the security risk is not immediate.
Speaker: jon kyl
About the speaker: Jon Kyl represented Arizona in the U.S. Senate from January 3,1995 to January 3, 2013. He served as the Republican party whip from 2007 to 2013. Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey appointed Kyl to succeed Sen. John McCain, who died while in office Aug. 25, 2018.
Date: November 28, 2010
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;military
Context: an interview on "NBC's Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: We try to grant politicians some leeway in television interviews because their comments are necessarily time-constrained. And we certainly understand why Kyl would have wanted to play up the supportive  in the two news items and downplay what didn't fit his agenda. But we do think that the way he abridged them amounts to cherry-picking. He selectively quoted from the accounts, leaving viewers with a distinctly different impression than they would have had if they'd read the items in their entirety. So we rate his comment .
Statement: General Flynn got his clearance from the Obama administration.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 30, 2017
Location: national
Topics: homeland security
Context: an interview on CBS
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "General Flynn got his clearance from the Obama administration." The last two times Flynn applied for a security clearance, in 2010 and 2016, Obama was president. Lawmakers allege Flynn omitted important information about payments received from Russia on his 2016 application to renew his clearance. But that doesn’t change the fact that Trump’s statement is literally accurate. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: President Trump's wall costs less than the ObamaCare website.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 20, 2019
Topics: federal budget;facebook fact-checks
Context: posts online
Fact-check justification: Whatever cost of the border wall that you use — and it is vast, ranging from $12 billion to $70 billion — it far exceeds the cost of setting up the Obamacare website. The highest number we found for healthcare.gov was $2.1 billion. We rate this statement .
Statement: A "default on our debt" would be unprecedented in American history.
Speaker: hakeem jeffries
About the speaker: Hakeem Jeffries is a member of Congress representing parts of Queens and Brooklyn in New York City.
Date: January 8, 2023
Topics: congress;debt;economy
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Jeffries said that a "default on our debt" is unprecedented in American history. There have been instances in which the U.S. government changed the terms for bondholders, such as preventing them from trading paper holdings directly for precious metals. But experts say these don’t constitute a  default, in which bondholders are simply not paid.  With the possible exception of a temporary delay in payments in 1979 because of technical glitches, the U.S. has not experienced the type of default that could happen if the debt limit isn’t raised in time to meet the nation’s payment deadlines. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says his plan would cut taxes without increasing the deficit.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 28, 2015
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;taxes
Context: the third GOP primary debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said his tax plan would not increase the deficit. Free market-oriented and liberal groups alike say Trump’s tax plan would lead to a $10 trillion revenue loss, even if it did create economic growth. Since Trump has said he will not slash retirement programs like Social Security and Medicare, experts doubt that any spending cuts he made would result in a revenue-neutral tax plan. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Anybody can buy any weapon, any time without much, if any, regulation. They buy it over the internet. They can buy machine guns.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 30, 2019
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;guns
Context: Brazil
Fact-check justification: Obama said that in the United States, "anybody can buy any weapon, any time without much, if any, regulation. They buy it over the internet. They can buy machine guns." The assertion that anybody can buy a weapon flies in the face of the many types of people, from felons to drug abusers to spouse abusers, who may not buy weapons. Internet sales are legal, as he said, and they take place under the same rules that govern other gun sales. As for machine guns, they are strictly illegal, with the exception under legal controls of models from 1986 and earlier. Taking the elements of his statement together, we rate this  . Update: Initially, we did not hear from Obama's office, but after publication, Obama spokesman Eric Schultz sent us links to articles, including one from PolitiFact, that described how people circumvent gun laws. But a plain reading of Obama's words, by us and the firearms legal specialists we reached, is that he was describing current laws, not whether people were breaking them. Our rating remains .
Statement: I sponsored and was the co-sponsor of the only legislation that ever passed that had E-Verify provisions in it back in 2010 when I served in the Legislature.
Speaker: adam hasner
About the speaker: Adam Hasner, R-Delray Beach, is a former Majority Leader for the Florida House of Representatives.
Date: June 30, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Hasner said Floridians shared his frustration that E-Verify didn't pass and that he "sponsored and was the co-sponsor of the only legislation that ever passed that had an E-Verify provision in it." Hasner was one of 20 co-sponsors of a bill that would have required state contractors to use E-Verify -- which passed the House but not the Senate.  But in 2011, the Senate also voted for a limited provision that had E-Verify in it. Hasner's campaign says he could have misspoken and usually says that the bill he co-sponsored was the "first" and not the "only."  We aren't ruling here on whether Hasner is a cheerleader for E-Verify; a group in favor of cracking down on illegal immigrants has praised Hasner's efforts to try to get E-Verify passed in 2010. What we are judging is Hasner's  that his bill was the "only" one that "ever" passed that had E-Verify in it. We rate this  .
Statement: Says the Central Health district's tax rate is the "lowest among the largest counties in Texas, and it will continue to be the lowest" if voters approve a proposed tax increase.
Speaker: keep austin healthy pac
About the speaker: The Keep Austin Healthy PAC sought voter approval of Proposition 1, related to Central Health's tax rate, on the November 2012 ballot.
Date: October 18, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: health care;public health;taxes
Context: a news article posted online Oct. 18, 2012
Fact-check justification: Nathan, the PAC spokesman, said Central Health has the lowest tax rate among districts in the largest Texas counties and will retain that distinction if the proposition passes. That’s correct, presuming other districts don’t slash rates. Still, Central Health’s per-person tax levy is projected to outpace those of two other districts should Travis County voters approve the bump. This information was missing from the spokesman's statement. Tax rates alone make the comparison incomplete. . We rate the  as .