chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The fact is, in the past year we have had more tax cuts than almost any time in our nation's history.
Speaker: steve cohen
About the speaker: Born May 24, 1949 in Memphis, Tenn.
In the House since 2006, he's a regional whip for the Democrats. In August of 2008, he was instrumental in passing H.Res.194, a House resolution apologizing for the enslavement and racial segregation of African Americans. A fourth-generation Memphian, he got his start as a Shelby County Commissioner, and served in the Tennessee state Senate for 24 years, where he became known throughout the state as the “Father of the Tennessee Lottery.”  
Date: April 15, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;stimulus;taxes
Context: a story about taxes from Associated Press
Fact-check justification: But if you take the AMT patch out of Cohen's equation -- and we think it's  to lump that in with the new tax cuts in the stimulus because it simply continued previous policy -- the case for having more tax cuts than any other year in U.S. history becomes a bit shakier. Still, Cohen never said it was the biggest, only one of the biggest. We also think it's likely that many would interpret Cohen's statement to mean that he was talking about all of the tax cuts and hikes enacted by Congress this year. And if that's the case, we think critics make a strong case when they note that health care tax increases, although most don't kick in for several years, were also enacted this year. We think that all shakes out to a .
Statement: Says he vetoed $250,000 from the budget for a program to learn how to catch rainwater.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: May 26, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: budget vetoes
Fact-check justification: There's no doubt, then, that Scott was right, that included in the 2011-12 budget was a $250,000 appropriation to develop a plan to catch and collect water (he said "learn"). But there's an important note that he left out in announcing his budget vetoes. The budget language that included the appropriation said the water savings plan was supposed to reduce prison water costs by 25 percent. The savings could have offset or at least cut into the upfront investment. So we rate this  .
Statement: The people in Massachusetts like (the state health care plan) by about a 3-1 margin.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 18, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care;polls and public opinion;states
Context: Hanover, N.H
Fact-check justification: Romney has strong support for this . A recent survey by a credible pollster found the ratio of support to opposition for the Massachusetts law at 3 to 1, and other polls suggest levels of support even higher. So we rate Romney’s statement . Editor's note: This item was originally published on Oct. 12 for the original . We have added the new wording from the Oct. 18 debate.
Statement: Fifty percent of our (West Virginia) budget was for lower education.
Speaker: roman prezioso
About the speaker: Roman W. Prezioso Jr. is the state Senate minority leader in West Virginia, representing a district that includes portions of Marion and Monongalia counties.
Date: November 29, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a panel discussion at West Virginia University
Fact-check justification: As for the recommendations for fiscal year 2019, education spending would account for 44.26 percent of overall spending. After the panel, PolitiFact West Virginia asked Prezioso to clarify what he had meant, and he said that the 50 percent figure was an approximation. Our ruling   At the panel, Prezioso said that "50 percent of our (West Virginia) budget was for lower education." We found that it was 46 percent for 2017 and a recommended 44 percent for 2019. Prezioso was off by a few percentage points, but he was in the ballpark, so we rate his statement .
Statement: An 8-year-old Ukrainian girl confronts a Russian soldier telling him to go back to his country.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 27, 2022
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The 2012 confrontation was captured on video and in photos . The Facebook page that shared the post on Feb. 27, Holy Spirit TV, posted again on Feb. 28 to clarify that the earlier post did not contain images from Ukraine. "Footage from 2012 recorded in occupied Palestine has become viral in 2022," the Feb. 28 post says. "It took 10 years for the mainstream media to acknowledge the girl is a ‘brave’ one and the soldier is an ‘invading’ trooper, only when it could be falsely presented as a video of the Russia-Ukraine conflict." We rate the  that a photo shows an 8-year-old Ukrainian girl confronting a Russian soldier .
Statement: My plan actually gives the middle class the greatest break: $2,000 per family.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: October 28, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: Boulder, Colo
Fact-check justification: Bush said, "My plan actually gives the middle class the greatest break: $2,000 per family." Middle-class families could potentially realize a higher percentage tax break, based on Bush’s plan. But that’s only counting those who would file their tax returns using the standard deduction, something the wealthy aren’t likely to do. Even with caps on itemized deductions, a range of experts said the wealthiest Americans stand to benefit more than the middle class, thanks to Bush’s proposed changes in corporate, estate and other taxes. Bush’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Democrats "spent 4 years refusing to acknowledge Trump's 2016 victory.
Speaker: jody hice
About the speaker: Jody Hice won the race for the 10th Congressional District in Georgia in 2014 and was subsequently re-elected. Hice is running in the Republican primary for Georgia Secretary of State in 2022. Hice served as pastor for almost 25 years, and launched the Jody Hice Show, a conservative talk radio program. 
Date: November 12, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;impeachment
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Hice claimed that Democrats have spent four years refusing to acknowledge Trump’s 2016 victory. While there were some dissident voices that questioned the legitimacy of Trump’s election, top Democrats acknowledged Trump’s win and referred to him as the president-elect less than a day after election results became clear. Those leaders included Clinton, Obama, Democratic leaders in Congress and the DNC.  Trump and his supporters have claimed that the investigation into Russian involvement in the election and the 2019 impeachment represented Democrats’ refusal to accept the 2016 election result. The conclusion that Russia interfered in the election was supported by law enforcement, intelligence agencies and a bipartisan Senate panel, not just Democrats. And the impeachment was a response to a whistleblower’s complaint about alleged wrongdoing. Hice goes too far in his  that Democrats spent four years refusing to acknowledge Trump's victory, and provides no  for it. We rate this  .
Statement: 75% of Republicans have been vaccinated" against COVID-19 in Illinois.
Speaker: terri bryant
About the speaker: Terri Bryant is a Republican lawmaker from Murphysboro, Ill. representing the 58th District in the Illinois Senate. Prior to winning her senate seat in 2020, she served in the Illinois House of Representatives.
Date: September 21, 2021
Location: illinois
Topics: polls and public opinion;public health;coronavirus
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Bryant said "75% of Republicans have been vaccinated" against COVID-19 in Illinois. The state senator did not respond to our inquiries asking for  to back up her , and we could find no surveys or studies that show she is correct. None of the state polling experts we contacted told us they had seen data showing how many Illinois Republicans have been vaccinated either. State and national trends suggest that the  is not accurate. The figure Bryant cited is higher than Illinois’ overall vaccination rate and is out of line with multiple national surveys conducted over the past two months that find Republicans are one of the demographic groups least likely to have taken the vaccine. Illinois counties that voted for Trump in 2020 also have a lower average vaccination rate than counties that Biden won, state data show. We rate Bryant’s  .  — The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Russ Feingold "has not worked anywhere outside of politics.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: September 8, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: But retired Foley & Lardner attorney Michael Laskis said Feingold did business litigation. And, according to Rick Bliss, managing partner of Godfrey & Kahn, attorneys from that firm who were at the old LaFollette firm when Feingold was there said Feingold was a trial lawyer. In short, Feingold has spent most of his adult life in politics, and he embraces the idea of being a career politician. But Johnson says Feingold never did anything else -- a point the Feingold disputes to the point of asking the ad be taken down. We rate Johnson’s statement .
Statement: The $3.6 billion deficit we inherited has turned into more than a half-billion-dollar surplus.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: November 13, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a book
Fact-check justification: There’s some  here, in that Walker cites accurate or close-to-accurate numbers that show a turnaround from red to black in two years. But his  has a context problem because it mixes two different ways to define the size of the turnaround. When viewed properly, the turnaround falls a little short of what he says. We rate his  . To comment on this item, please go to JSOnline.com .
Statement: Obama for President and Baldwin for Senate have kept their campaign offices up and running in Fox Valley, Eau Claire and La Crosse with their staffs preparing for the next battle.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: March 27, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: a fund raising letter
Fact-check justification: There is no  of Obama or Baldwin offices. We found only a single employee of the successor to Obama’s campaign group, who didn’t start working until long after the statement was made. The Baldwin campaign has a single office in Madison -- not in the areas Walker mentioned in his . And the limited  the Walker campaign provided to in support of the  all came after the statement was made. We rate Walker’s  .
Statement: College tuition rates in Texas jumped by 55% since 2003.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: January 15, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: education;state budget
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: The Democratic group, zeroing in on Perry, said Texas college tuition rates increased 55 percent since 2003. That figure is outdated--the increase through fall 2014 was 64 percent--and it's also worth clarifying the governor didn't directly control tuition, though he approved of the 2003 law deregulating rates and appointed ruling public college and university governing boards. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: When we had a conservative Republican president we were losing 750,000 jobs a month.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: October 11, 2015
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: comments on "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: Wasserman Schultz said that under a conservative Republican president the country was losing 750,000 jobs a month. Wasserman Schultz was speaking of President George W. Bush and at the end of his term, the monthly job losses averaged about 750,000 jobs. The average would of course be less if she had included Bush’s final 12 months -- or a period longer than that. There is an element of cherry-picking here, but the overall point holds up. We rate the  .
Statement: We have more kids take the SAT than any other state in the nation. I mean a high percentage of our kids take the SAT.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: July 13, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: an interview with CNBC
Fact-check justification: We figure "high" means better than  above average. To stick with the school metaphor, 51 percent is a failing grade. We rate Perry's statement as . Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: Says "John Barrow voted with Obama 85 percent of the time.
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: September 8, 2014
Location: national
Topics: voting record
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The NRCC’s ad said, "John Barrow voted with Obama 85 percent of the time." Barrow did indeed vote with Obama 85 percent of the time -- but that was in 2009, a fact that is footnoted in the ad, albeit in small type. Between 2010 and 2013, Barrow’s voting record was much less closely aligned with Obama, bottoming out at 28 percent and 35 percent in the most recent years for which data is available. House Democratic leaders might consider scores like that to be short of "team behavior." The statement contains some element of , but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Massachusetts schools "are ranked No. 1 of all 50 states.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 3, 2012
Location: national
Topics: debates;education;states
Context: Denver
Fact-check justification: Romney has good reason to say Massachusetts has the nation’s best schools. Although there’s no yardstick comparing the quality of schools by state, by several measures, including test results from a federal standardized test, he is right. His  would be more airtight if he had said Massachusetts had the best testing outcomes. That said, experts are not unanimous in heralding Massachusetts as the nation’s education leader. Education Week has given the state high marks but given its top distinction to Maryland for the past four years. All considered, we rate the  .
Statement: AMC is intentionally deterring people from seeing 'Sound of Freedom' with no A/C, fire alarms and other issues.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: July 8, 2023
Location: national
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: Social media claims allege that AMC Theatres is intentionally sabotaging screenings of "Sound of Freedom" to keep people from seeing the film. Both AMC and the studio behind the child sex-trafficking film have publicly rejected the claims. The movie has been a box office success, taking in nearly $54 million by July 14. More than a million people have seen the movie at AMC’s theaters, its CEO said. We rate the claims . Read a version of this fact-check in Spanish.
Statement: Says the U.S. election system is "rigged.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 1, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: multiple speeches and interviews
Fact-check justification: Trump has repeatedly claimed that the U.S. election system is rigged. He has cited examples of voter fraud, which is extremely rare, often unintentional and not on a scale large enough to affect a national election. While there are isolated examples of bought local elections, experts say it cannot be replicated on a national scale. While it is possible to tamper with electronic voting machines, there is no  deliberate malfeasance has altered any election. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: The @nytimes sent a letter to their subscribers apologizing for their BAD coverage of me.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 13, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "The @nytimes sent a letter to their subscribers apologizing for their BAD coverage of me." The New York Times sent a letter to subscribers thanking them for their loyalty and promising to provide strong coverage of Trump going forward. While the letter does note that the New York Times underestimated support for Trump, it does not say their coverage of him throughout the campaign was bad. In fact, the letter praises New York Times reporters’ work. The note does not include any semblance of an apology. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: We created as many jobs in the first six months of this year as we did in all of 2011 and 2011 was the best single year for private-sector job growth since the year 2000.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: July 23, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Christie said that "we created as many jobs in the first six months of this year as we did in all of 2011 and 2011 was the best single year for private-sector job growth since the year 2000." So far this year New Jersey added 39, 600 jobs in total. That’s 8,500 more jobs than the state gained in all of 2011. And in 2011, the state added more private-sector jobs than any year since 2000. The governor earns a  on this . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Say easing restrictions on selling alcohol on Sundays will result in more traffic crashes and fatalities.
Speaker: georgia state senators
About the speaker: Georgia state senators opposed to a bill allowing alcohol to be sold in stores on Sundays.
Date: March 16, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: alcohol
Context: a legislative debate
Fact-check justification: Most research shows there’s little  that there will be a major spike in alcohol-related wrecks and fatalities on Georgia’s roads if it changed its Sunday alcohol laws. Colorado, in fact, has found fewer wrecks after changing its Sunday alcohol laws. The New Mexico study cited by Perdue and McKoon has been criticized as flawed. PolitiFact Georgia found no irrefutable proof that easing Sunday alcohol restrictions "will result" in more traffic crashes and fatalities as some Georgia state senators argued earlier this week. We rate the senators’  .