chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Gas in North Carolina increased 14 cents per gallon this past week, the highest in the nation.
Speaker: thom tillis
About the speaker: Thom Tillis is a Republican who serves as U.S. Senator from North Carolina.
Date: October 26, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: gas prices
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Tillis tweeted that "gas in North Carolina increased 14 cents per gallon this past week, the highest in the nation." That appears to be accurate, according to AAA and GasBuddy data. Experts clarified that North Carolina’s gas situation, overall, isn’t the worst in the country. They also warned that gas prices can change rapidly, so weekly snapshots may not always represent the latest fluctuations across the country. The statement is accurate but could use additional information. We rate it .
Statement: Says. Rep. Joe Barton, R-Texas, once said, "Wind is a finite resource and harnessing it would slow the winds down, which would cause the temperature to go up.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 13, 2015
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change;energy;science
Context: a meme on social media
Fact-check justification: A social media meme says Barton once said, "Wind is a finite resource and harnessing it would slow the winds down which would cause the temperature to go up." Barton raised that possibility while questioning a witness during a 2009 congressional hearing, but contrary to the meme’s implication, he did not say that it was his personal belief. Rather, the meme makes fun of Barton by stitching together parts of his comments in a way that is . The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Democrats are responsible for the massive spending and debt growth, they alone need to take responsibility for raising the debt limit.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: September 23, 2021
Location: national
Topics: debt;federal budget;florida
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Scott said that "Democrats are responsible for the massive spending and debt growth." The bottom line is both Democrats and Republicans are responsible for growth of the national debt. The debt grew by $7.8 trillion during the Trump years, in part because of bipartisan votes on COVID-19 relief and other spending, but also because of measures like the Tax Cut and Jobs Act, which was backed only by Republicans. We rate this  .
Statement: More fraud in New Jersey's election uncovered – voting machines would not allow citizens to vote for Republican governor candidate.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 3, 2021
Location: national
Topics: new jersey;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: Videos of voting machine malfunctions in New Jersey are being shared online with the  that they are proof of election fraud. It does appear that there were issues with some of the touchscreen machines. But none of the videos prove that voters were denied the ability to cast a vote for the candidate of their choice, or that the machines didn’t end up working correctly at a different time.  The  has an element of , because the video appears authentic. But it is not proof of fraud. We rate the  .
Statement: Public schools are now as segregated by race and class as they were in the 1960s.
Speaker: bobby scott
About the speaker: Bobby Scott, D-3rd, has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1993. The district is comprised of all of Charles City and Surry counties and Petersburg and Portsmouth and portions of Henrico and Prince George counties and Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk and Richmond. Scott has seats on the Judiciary and Education and Labor committees.
Scott previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1979-83 and in the state Senate in 1983-93. He was a member of the National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve. He was a lawyer in a private practice from 1973-91.
Scott was born in Washington, D.C. He earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., in 1969 and a law degree from Boston College in 1973.
Date: May 18, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: civil rights;education
Context: a committee hearing
Fact-check justification: That dropped to 63% in the 1980s and then rose to 81% in 2019, the last year data is available. The ups and downs followed Supreme Court decisions that first toughened, then ended, integration mandates. The Civil Rights Project at UCLA, which has extensively studied school integration, wrote in 2020, "School segregation is now more severe than in the late 1960s. "   So, we rate Scott’s statement .
Statement: There are "10 or 20 deaths a year from foodborne illness" in the United States.
Speaker: tom coburn
About the speaker: Tom Coburn is a former U.S. Senator from Oklahoma and a physician.
Date: November 18, 2010
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;health care;regulation
Context: a Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: We would have given him some credit if he'd said there were 10 to 20 deaths per year from officially declared outbreaks, even though this still would have been  since official outbreaks represent a fraction of all cases. We also acknowledge that reasonable scientists can disagree over whether Mead's team made the right assumptions when they made their calculations. But Coburn's estimate also ignored a much more solid number -- the number of deaths estimated through laboratory-confirmed data from FoodNet. By themselves, the confirmed death figures just from FoodNet's 10 states are roughly five times bigger than Coburn's estimate, and the national approximation based on those numbers is 25 times as large. So we rate his statement .
Statement: Says state budget deal between Texas House and Senate leaders "funds nursing homes, our public schools and universities and provides financial aid for college students.
Speaker: joe straus
About the speaker: State Rep. Joe Straus, R-San Antonio, was initially elected the speaker of the Texas House in 2009.
Date: May 20, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: education;health care;state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Higher education, except for community colleges, is likewise due to sustain funding cuts plus a drop in state-supported scholarships. Nursing homes are left with lower rates than they had after the 2009 legislative session. Straus is correct the agreed-upon budget "funds" these items, but his statement fails to acknowledge the funding is  at lower levels than before. That’s vital missing context. We rate the statement .
Statement: Obama has maintained a friendship with a now convicted felon.
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: June 4, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: But the GOP says it only meant that Obama had, in the past, maintained a friendship with Rezko — which he certainly did. And "maintained a friendship" is a bit ambiguous as well. Obama said in March he hadn't spoken to Rezko in more than a year, and it's a safe bet the two won't be kicking back at a sports bar any time soon. But still, even in March, Obama said he still considered Rezko a friend. We rate the GOP statement .
Statement: In the eight years that I was mayor, (there was a) nearly 50 percent drop in violent crime, gang crime — crime went down because we grew our police department, we focused on constitutional community policing, we did some of the most innovative prevention, intervention, job re-entry programs in the nation.
Speaker: antonio villaraigosa
About the speaker: Antonio Villaraigosa, a Democrat, is a candidate for California governor, former mayor of Los Angeles and former state Assembly speaker. 
Date: July 31, 2017
Location: california
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Villaraigosa’s  about a nearly 50 percent drop in violent crime during his time as LA mayor is backed up by LAPD crime statistics. His explanation for why this drop in crime took place is more difficult to evaluate. Experts we spoke with noted that violent crime had been falling well before Villaraigosa took office. They also said that key factors that drive crime trends, such as the economy, changing demographics and incarceration rates, are largely out of the control of a mayor. Villaraigosa’s statement does not include this context.   Still, the mayor’s successful push to hire hundreds of new LAPD officers and focus on community policing is generally accepted as having, at the very least, some impact on reducing crime in the city. Additionally, the current LAPD chief has praised Villaraigosa's strategies for reducing gang violence, saying they helped reduce violent crime. We rate Villaraigosa’s  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. Governor’s race Villaraigosa is among  several prominent Democrats  competing to succeed Jerry Brown in the 2018 California governor's race. Others include California Treasurer  John Chiang ; Delaine Eastin, the state’s former superintendent for public instruction; and  Gavin Newsom , the state’s current lieutenant governor. Republican candidates include John Cox, a businessman from San Diego County and Travis Allen, an Orange County state assemblyman. PolitiFact California is fact-checking claims in this race. See our "Tracking The " governor’s race fact-checks here . Tracking the : Hear a  you want fact-checked? Email us at  [email protected] , tweet us  @CAPolitiFact  or contact us on  Facebook .
Statement: Claims credit for food tax reductions that "previous Democrat regimes refused to make.
Speaker: ron ramsey
About the speaker: Ron Ramsey, R-Blountville, is speaker of the Tennessee Senate. He ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2010, losing in the Republican primary to then mayor of Knoxville Bill Haslam.
Date: May 18, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: taxes
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: A release from Ron Ramsey claimed credit for getting the sales tax on food reduced by a quarter-cent and said Democrats in the past had "refused" such cuts. But it was Democrats who were primarily responsible for keeping the sales tax on food lower than the overall sales tax in the 2002 budget deal, and it was in fact a Democratic legislature and governor who pushed through a half-cent tax cut in 2007. Ramsey also is on the record as not being a proponent of cutting the sales tax on food. Ramsey may or may not be right about how closely Tennesseeans follow the taxes on their pork and beans and toilet paper, but he’s wildly  on the history of who has favored cutting the state sales tax on food and who has not. We rate this  .
Statement: Coroner saying George Floyd died of drug overdose, not police brutality.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 27, 2020
Topics: criminal justice;crime;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Baker also said: "I am not saying this killed him." Chauvin’s lawyer is asking the judge to drop the charges in the case against the ex-police officer, arguing that Floyd died from a drug overdose and not because Chauvin put his knee on Floyd’s neck.   But the results of the two autopsies in this case don’t support that.   One, requested by Floyd’s family, and conducted by two doctors also found that Floyd’s death was a homicide, though it concluded that they thought he died of asphyxia — or suffocation — not cardiopulmonary arrest as the county medical examiner concluded.   We rate this blog post .
Statement: 82-year-old who killed a Muslim in self-defense gets the death penalty.
Speaker: the patriot report
About the speaker: The Patriot Report is a website that posts fake news.
Date: January 15, 2018
Topics: fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: We searched the names of the alleged suspects in Nexis and found nothing in news accounts. We found nothing about an elderly William DeLisle in California, however, there was a 19th century British pulp-fiction writer by that name who in one book wrote about whites killing all blacks and Asians to create a paradise.  news purveyors have published many  stories that cast Muslims in a negative light, including one about 412 Muslims arrested in a Michigan bust and another story claiming a Muslim man started a California wildfire . In this case, the headline that an "82-year-old who killed a Muslim in self-defense gets the death penalty" is also  news. We rate it .
Statement: Arizona trooper found 50,000 ballots in dumpster all for President Trump!!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 5, 2020
Location: arizona
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: and a spokesperson and sergeant there told us that, actually, troopers have not found 50,000 ballots for President Donald Trump.   "It is not ," a sergeant said.   We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Former President Donald Trump asked "for troops around the Capitol to make sure everyone is safe," on Jan. 6, 2021, but was "turned down by the Democrats.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 2, 2022
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said Trump asked "for troops around the Capitol to make sure everyone was safe," on Jan. 6 but was "turned down by the Democrats." There’s no record that Trump requested or authorized a request that thousands of National Guard troops be deployed "around the Capitol" on Jan. 6. There’s also no  that Democrats turned down such a request. We rate this  . RELATED: What’s next for the Jan. 6 Committee? RELATED: No  Pelosi ‘rejected’ Trump’s authorization for ‘20,000 National Guard’ before Jan. 6 attack RELATED: No proof Trump requested 10,000 Guard troops for Jan. 6 or that Pelosi denied it
Statement: No city in the state, no state in this nation, for that matter the entire world, has adopted (clean energy) targets more ambitious in scale.
Speaker: kevin de león
About the speaker: Kevin de León is a Democrat from Los Angeles. He is a member of the California Legislature.
Date: October 7, 2015
Location: california
Topics: climate change;energy
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Senate leader Kevin de León says "no city in the state, no state in this nation, for that matter the entire world, has adopted (clean energy) targets more ambitious in scale." If we define "ambitious" as setting high goals and being able to follow through on them, then California clearly has some of the strongest clean energy initiatives in the country and on the planet. That doesn’t mean, however, that it has established the only aggressive targets. Prominent examples include Norway, Hawaii and even San Francisco. In terms of producing clean energy, California won’t be able to compete with global leaders such as China or the United States even if those countries have less aggressive renewable energy targets. Their size makes that impossible. But working in California’s favor, it has an enforcement framework in place. Notably, its cap-and-trade system provides an incentive for industry to invest in renewable energy. We rate the  , which we define as "accurate but needs clarification or additional information."
Statement: Says David Jolly "supports privatizing Social Security.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: February 6, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: social security
Context: a robocall to 13th Congressional District voters
Fact-check justification: Democrats say Jolly "supports privatizing Social Security," using a paraphrased statement that private accounts should be on the table in discussing future reforms. They also point to the fact Jolly had a meeting with Ryan to discuss the program. Jolly says he’s been very clear where he stands on Social Security, but we don’t think it’s all that apparent. Saying private accounts should be an option doesn’t denote advocacy, but rather a willingness to explore options. Which option Jolly favors isn’t so clear, beyond setting some kind of benefit guarantee for people who have already qualified for Social Security or are currently receiving payments. He hasn’t said whether private accounts were at the top of his list of potential fixes, only that they should be considered. Democrats are attempting to make it sound like he is 100 percent behind the idea, but don’t offer any proof beyond a paraphrased statement. We rate the statement .
Statement: ABC News altered the Uvalde, Texas, school shooter's photo to appear more Caucasian.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: May 25, 2022
Location: national
Topics: children;crime;guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Tweets  that ABC News and its program, "Good Morning America," manipulated the image of the Uvalde, Texas, school shooter to make him appear more Caucasian. This is . ABC News denied the  and there is no  that the news organization published any altered images of the gunman.  We rate these posts .  RELATED: Fact-checking misinformation about the Uvalde, Texas school shooter   RELATED: Gunman in Texas school shooting was not an immigrant illegally in the country
Statement: My numbers are better right now than Ronald Reagan's numbers were with Jimmy Carter.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 11, 2016
Location: national
Topics: history;polls and public opinion
Context: Rome, N.Y
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "My numbers are better right now than Ronald Reagan's numbers were with Jimmy Carter. ... Ronald Reagan had a 30 (percent) favorability and he was behind Jimmy Carter by so much everybody said, 'Oh this is going to be a disaster.' " We found that Trump’s deficit against Clinton during March and April 2016 was twice the size of Reagan’s deficit against Carter in March and April 1980. We also found that Trump’s favorable/unfavorable ratings are much worse than Reagan’s were during that same period. We rate his  .
Statement: Regarding the USA Freedom Act, "There is nothing we are allowed to do under this bill that we could not do before.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: December 15, 2015
Location: national
Topics: terrorism;privacy issues
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: Rubio said, regarding the USA Freedom Act, "There is nothing we are allowed to do under this bill that we could not do before." Rubio was responding to a point by Cruz that the Freedom Act makes it possible for the government to access a much bigger pool of phone records. Whereas the old bulk phone data collection program wasn’t very good at collecting cell phone and Internet phone records, the Freedom Act establishes parameters that make this more feasible. However, it’s not like the government couldn’t access these records at all before, they just couldn’t do it through the bulk collection program. The law did not give the government a brand-new legal authority, it just helps to streamline the record collection process. We rate Rubio’s  .
Statement: The House has never failed to pass a budget in the modern era.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: June 13, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;this week - abc news
Context: an interview on ABC's "This Week''
Fact-check justification: For fiscal year 2003, the Senate, then under Democratic control, failed to pass a budget resolution of any kind, and on three other occasions (fiscal years 1999, 2005 and 2007) the House and Senate failed to reconcile their different bills and pass a compromise measure. Because Congress always works on the budget resolution for the coming fiscal year, the Republican Congressional majority failed to pass a finished budget in three years: 1998, 2004 and 2006. So Boehner is correct that the House has always passed a budget resolution, even though on three occasions, it later failed to work out differences with the Senate and pass a final, identical version, and once the Senate, under Democratic control, had no budget resolution. We'll note that caveat, but we don't think his failure to mention that point undermines the accuracy of his statement. So we rate Boehner's statement .
Statement: In a 2014 case involving a man convicted of abusing two underage girls, Judge Roy Moore disagreed and wrote the dissenting opinion.
Speaker: doug jones
About the speaker: Doug Jones is the Democratic nominee in the U.S. Senate special election in Alabama.
Date: November 30, 2017
Location: national
Topics: elections;ethics;legal issues
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: An ad from the Jones campaign said that Moore disagreed and dissented in a case involving the abuse of two underage girls. There is no question that Moore dissented, but the ad provides no context for what Moore disagreed with. The glaring lack of detail leaves reasonable viewers with the impression that Moore disagreed with the conviction. That’s not what he said. He disagreed with the court’s decision not to consider a legal question of admissible . Several independent law professors told us that Moore raised a valid point that was legally separate from the underlying conviction in the case. The ad leaves out critical context that gives a highly  impression. We rate this  .
Statement: Says a video proves Pelosi "was planning" to rip up President Donald Trump's State of the Union address "from the start.
Speaker: brandon morse
About the speaker: Brandon Morse is a senior editor of RedState, a conservative website.
Date: February 5, 2020
Topics: congress;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Morse says a video proves Pelosi "was planning" to rip up President Donald Trump’s State of the Union address "from the start." Morse tweeted a video showing Pelosi flipping through a paper copy of Trump’s speech while he spoke. The video clip does not prove Pelosi planned to rip up Trump’s speech.  A couple hours later, Morse tweeted that the video clip was actually 50 minutes into the speech. But his initial tweet drew far more reactions. We rate this statement .