chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In 2013 we had the largest, the best, private sector job growth we've had in this state since the 1990s.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: April 16, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: "To know how many jobs were added in 2013, we just have to wait for the (quarterly census) data," said Knapp. Our rating Walker said that "in 2013 we had the largest, the best, private sector job growth we’ve had in this state since the 1990s." The  is accurate based on the best available data source and using a common method of comparison. But it needs some clarification because the number is not final, so the ranking is subject to change. We rate it .
Statement: Every one of the financial bad management practices that I inherited, every one of them, have either been eliminated or cut significantly.
Speaker: rahm emanuel
About the speaker: Rahm Emanuel is the mayor of Chicago. He represented the Chicagoland area as a U.S. congressman prior to joining the White House as the first chief of staff in President Barack Obama’s administration. Emanuel also held various posts in the Clinton Administration from 1993 to 1998, and worked as an investment banker in the private sector.
Date: July 31, 2017
Location: illinois
Topics: city budget
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Emanuel says his administration has either ended or curtailed "every one" of the poor management practices that were in place when he took office in 2011. He described each of those practices in a speech in 2015 and his office provided explanations backed by official data of how each has been addressed. Yet while claiming a new era in good budget practices, the administration used budget-speak to keep the $70 million cost for Year 2 of Emanuel’s police plan out of the "lowest-in-a-decade" preliminary budget gap. Emanuel’s curtailment of expensive "scoop and toss" refinancing is admirable in city government, but it’s of little solace to property taxpayers who still foot the bill for it from Chicago Public Schools. Emanuel indeed inherited significant fiscal headaches from Daley, but fixes he is taking credit for like phasing out scoop and toss were initiated only after the problems were exposed by media investigations. It’s also worth noting that it wasn’t until after Emanuel won election to his second term that a major credit rating agency downgraded the city’s credit to near junk bond status, timing that suggests if nothing else he was slow to act.   Factoring in the caveats and history, we rate Emanuel’s statement .
Statement: Richard Nixon released tax returns when he was under audit.
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: October 4, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: transparency;taxes
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Kaine said, "Richard Nixon released tax returns when he was under audit." That is accurate. We rate his  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/07d727d8-606f-4b56-b78f-9f6d04911142
Statement: Says Nancy Pelosi tried "once again" to include abortion funding in the latest coronavirus bill.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 13, 2020
Topics: abortion;coronavirus
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: A website claims that Pelosi tried "once again" to include abortion funding in the latest coronavirus bill.  The HEROES Act does not contain any mention of abortion, and there is no section that funnels money specifically for those services.  As is, the bill would make it easier for nonprofit organizations, including large ones like Planned Parenthood, to receive funds under the Paycheck Protection Program.  Anti-abortion groups are also pointing to the lack of language explicitly barring state and local governments from using federal relief money to fund abortions as  of Pelosi getting "caught."  But health policy experts say the Hyde amendment restrictions still apply to federal support under Medicaid, and that aid to states will likely be designated for specific uses, and won’t be open-ended. The  is largely speculative about the use of the money and oversimplifies the allocation of federal funds. We rate it .
Statement: Since taking office, Andrew Cuomo has given massive tax breaks to corporations and the super rich.
Speaker: cynthia nixon
About the speaker: Cynthia Nixon is a Democrat running for governor of New York in 2018. She is an actress and education advocate.
Date: March 20, 2018
Location: new york
Topics: wealth;taxes
Context: her announcement to run for governor
Fact-check justification: "Since taking office, Andrew Cuomo has given massive tax breaks to corporations and the super rich," Nixon said in a speech announcing her candidacy. Cuomo has approved a tax cut for corporations since taking office, and the new rates will be the lowest in decades. Some wealthy earners also have lower state income tax rates today than when Cuomo took office. But the tax breaks hven't been huge and, with one exception, hven't been for the "super rich."  A higher tax rate for the wealthiest earners has continued under Cuomo and no other major tax breaks for those filers are apparent. We rate her  .
Statement: Photo shows severe flooding at a Houston airport.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 28, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a series of tweets
Fact-check justification: A friend shared these pics of a flooded runway and street with @FotiABC13 #HoustonFlood" and included photos. . @HobbyAirport says about 500 people are trapped. A friend shared these pics of a flooded runway and street with @FotiABC13 #HoustonFlood pic.twitter.com/xvhIlFkQDc Other tweets, including this one from the local CBS affiliate on Aug. 26 , showed flooding near Bush. But the photograph popping up across the Internet isn’t a  representation of the disaster. We rate it !
Statement: Jeb's policies in Florida helped lead to its almost total collapse.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 8, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Jeb's policies in Florida helped lead to its almost total collapse." Economists told us the Great Recession was precipitated by a housing bubble that grew out of multiple factors, including policies on all levels of government. While Bush’s actions as governor may not have done anything to prevent the financial crisis — some experts said he could have worked to throttle down the overbuilding — all agreed he did not cause the recession. We rate Trump’s statement .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton has "been in office and in government longer than anybody else running here tonight.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: August 6, 2015
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Rubio said that Clinton has "been in office and in government longer than anybody else running here tonight." The only way Rubio gets near this is to count her years as first lady of Arkansas, which we think is a stretch. There are several Republicans who can make a good case that they have just as much experience if not more than Clinton, especially Perry of Texas and Kasich of Ohio. We rate Rubio’s statement .
Statement: The reason Russia was in Afghanistan was because terrorists were going into Russia.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 2, 2019
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a discussion with reporters
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "The reason Russia was in Afghanistan was because terrorists were going into Russia." The Soviet Union’s motivation for invading Afghanistan was about Cold War balance-of-power politics. At no point has Afghanistan served as a launchpad for terrorist attacks in Russia, historians said. We rate this .
Statement: Portland Schools spend $500K to deem PB&J sandwiches racist.
Speaker: education action group
About the speaker: EAGnews.org is the website of Education Action Group Foundation, Inc., a national organization with headquarters  in Michigan. The organization favors school choice and opposes public unions.
Date: September 16, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: education;race and ethnicity
Context: an online post
Fact-check justification: The principal never called the sandwich racist. The Portland Tribune never said the principal called the sandwich racist. And yes, we don’t usually weigh in on lunch, but who could resist? The statement is  and silly. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Barack Obama "founded ISIS. I would say the co-founder would be crooked Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 10, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: Sunrise, Fla
Fact-check justification: Trump said Obama "founded ISIS. I would say the cofounder would be crooked Hillary Clinton." There’s a credible critique that Obama’s and Clinton’s foreign-policy and military decisions helped create a space in which ISIS could operate and expand. But Trump explicitly rejected this formulation, saying he literally means Obama is "the founder of ISIS" and Clinton is the "cofounder." In reality, the founder of ISIS was a terrorist. It is run by terrorists. Obama has said destroying ISIS is his "top priority." All this makes Trump’s statement a  characterization. He’s doubled, tripled and quadrupled down on it in various venues and has reinforced that he meant his words to be taken literally. We rate it .
Statement: Says Scott Walker enacted "the biggest cuts to education in our state's history.
Speaker: kathleen falk
About the speaker: Kathleen Falk, a Wisconsin Democrat, lost a bid in 2012 for the Democratic nomination to run against Gov. Scott Walker in a recall election. Falk served as the Dane County executive from 1997 to 2011. She ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2002 and for state attorney general in 2006.
Date: February 8, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a speech announcing her candidacy
Fact-check justification: But some districts, due to existing union contracts and other reasons, were not able to benefit from the health insurance changes. That underlines an element essential aspect of Falk’s statement: The state controls its aid, but not what is done at the local level. Our conclusion Falk claimed Walker’s cuts in state support to local schools, tech colleges and public universities amount to the largest in state history. We found previous cuts in those areas, but not in all three in the same year, and not nearly as deep when you roll them all together as has Falk. We rate her statement .
Statement: Bill Gates told us about the coronavirus in 2015.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 15, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post says that Gates told Americans about the coronavirus in 2015. But in the 2015 TED talk featured in the video, he never actually uses the word coronavirus, nor does he mention COVID-19.  His comments do sound prescient, though. He talks about an epidemic and we’re now in the midst of a pandemic . People could be infected with COVID-19 and not show symptoms for days, if at all. And it’s mainly spread between people in close contact through respiratory droplets when someone coughs or sneezes. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: In the 38 Studios deal, "Wall Street investors took a risk, and went bust.
Speaker: allan fung
About the speaker: Allan Fung has been mayor of Cranston, R.I. since Jan. 5, 2009. In 2014 he made an unsuccessful run for governor as a Republican. He received his law degree from Suffolk University, worked as a prosecutor for the state attorney general's office, served as a lobbyist for MetLife and served two terms on the Cranston City Council, beginning in 2002. In his 2012 reelection bid, he was unopposed.
Date: September 29, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: bankruptcy;debt;economy;history;message machine 2014;negative campaigning;state budget;taxes
Context: a TV commercial
Fact-check justification: We'll leave it up to readers to decide whether Allan Fung is correct in calling Gina Raimondo "a former Wall Street financier." But when Fung's TV commercial says that "Wall Street investors . . . went bust" on the 38 Studios deal, it's clear that those investors are doing just fine. The state is making its payments on schedule. Even if Fung had said that the investors "might" go bust in the future, that seems highly unlikely, thanks to the insurance that came with the sale. We rate his characterization of what happened to the 38 Studio's Wall Street investors as  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Geithner still didn't correct the same type of error for some years, even after the Internal Revenue Service flagged him for the failure to pay the taxes in other years.
Speaker: competitive enterprise institute
About the speaker: The Competitive Enterprise Institute describes itself as "a non-profit public policy organization dedicated to advancing the principles of free enterprise and limited government. We believe that individuals are best helped not by government intervention, but by making their own choices in a free marketplace."
Date: January 14, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: "You have to ask yourself, 'Would you do it?'" asked Len Burman, director of the Tax Policy Center. That's an issue the Senate Finance Committee overseeing Geithner's confirmation hearing will have to weigh. But as for Berlau's statement that Geithner "still didn't correct the same type of error for some years, even after the Internal Revenue Services flagged him for the failure to pay the taxes in other years," Berlau is right. Geithner didn’t make good on the previous years until he learned he was in line to be treasury secretary. We rule the statement .
Statement: Historically, the Social Security tax has been assessed on about 90% of U.S. income. Now it captures 83% because there's been such a growth of income among the highest earners.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: May 12, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: debt;federal budget;history;social security;wealth;taxes
Context: an interview on WPRI's Newsmakers program
Fact-check justification: U.S. Rep. David Cicilline said only 83 percent of wages are being subjected to the Social Security tax when, historically, it has been 90 percent. Analyses by the Social Security Administration and the Congressional Research Service show that he is on the mark for the current rate of taxation, but 90 percent applies to only two years in the 1980s. It has been declining since then, as better-paid Americans have seen their incomes grow at a faster rate than other workers. The judges felt that Cicilline needed to get both facts correct to make his point. When a key part of his premise turns out to be , his overarching argument fails. We rate the   . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Youth unemployment is through the roof.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 27, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a Reddit Ask Me Anything
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Youth unemployment is through the roof." Individual young people he speaks to may be worried about unemployment, but Trump is  to say that youth unemployment is exceptionally high. It is, at worst, average, in historical and international terms. We reached out to the Trump campaign, but they did not respond. This does not mean the job market works well for every young person, or that every statistical measure of the job market is positive. But his statement, in regards to unemployment, is still . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/3fba3a88-41b9-49ce-8e8a-4bf8ab289f3f
Statement: We end the $100 billion a year that the health care industry makes.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: January 14, 2020
Topics: health care;health check
Context: comments about his "Medicare for All" plan during the January Democratic presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Sanders said Medicare for All would "end the $100 billion a year that the health care industry makes." The math holds up. If anything, it’s an underestimate because it doesn’t include one of the largest sources of health care profits: hospitals, health systems and physicians. We rate it .
Statement: Unusual cancers" are "exploding right into stage 4" and those cancer cells have "the spike protein.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 4, 2023
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: With no  that COVID-19 vaccines cause cancer, we rate the Facebook post .
Statement: The president has added close to 68,000 troops in the last year, since he came into office, not just the 30,000 you hear, but the others that were added before that.
Speaker: colin powell
About the speaker: Colin Powell is a former four-star general in the U.S. Army who served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush.
Date: May 30, 2010
Location: national
Topics: afghanistan;foreign policy;military;this week - abc news
Context: an interview on ABC News' "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Still, we find Powell's numbers very close to the mark. Obama took office with about 34,000 troops. There are now 94,000 troops and closing in on 98,000 troops by summer. When you count small additions by NATO, that gets us close to 68,000. We rate his statement .
Statement: The Clinton Foundation folded.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 4, 2018
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A 2018 Facebook post that is widely recirculating on Facebook claimed: "The Clinton Foundation folded." That’s not . The post also repeats debunked claims of financial abuses by the foundation. The foundation continues to operate and there’s no  to indicate it ever ceased. The post is  and  — our definition of .
Statement: Before World War II, very few people actually had health insurance.
Speaker: james carr
About the speaker: James Carr ran as a Libertarian for Virginia's 7th Congressional District seat in 2014. He lives in Louisa County and is manager of business operations systems at a community hospital in Charlottesville. He has a bachelors degree in finance from the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg. He has previously worked as a road manager for a rock band and as a financial analyst for a defense contractor.
Date: September 20, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;public health
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Carr said before World War II, very few people had health insurance. While Carr doesn’t take into account the advances in medical care over the past 75 years, he’s right. Only about 10 percent of the U.S. population had private health insurance then, generally from an employer-based system. We rate his statement .