chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Page 92 of the House health care bill "says specifically that people can't purchase private health insurance after a date certain.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: October 30, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on Sean Hannity's show on the Fox News Channel
Fact-check justification: "There's no reasonable way to look at Page (91) and say that you couldn't." Bachmann isn't just guilty of misinterpreting the language from one page of the bill. She's taken that misinterpretation to a  extreme — the  that no private insurance could be sold after a certain date. That ignores the central tenet of a plan that's been discussed for months — that the plan would rely on a marketplace of private insurance. So we rate her  .
Statement: After Massachusetts passed a mandatory health insurance law "their mortality rate went down...it saved lives.
Speaker: dave marsden
About the speaker: Dave Marsden, D-Fairfax County, was was elected to Virginia's senate in 2010. He served in the House of Delegates from 2006-2009.
A lifelong resident of Northern Virginia, Marsden graduated from  Randolph-Macon College in 1970 and had a long career working in juvenile justice as a probation officer and, eventually, superinedent of Fairfax County's Juvenile Justice Center. In 2000, he was appointed chief deputy and then acting director of the 2,700-person Virginia Department of Juvenile Justice.
Date: June 14, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;medicaid
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Marsden said that after Massachusetts enacted its sweeping health care reform in 2006, its mortality rate dropped by at least 2.9 percent, "saving lives." His statement correctly summarizes a recent study finding the state’s death rate dropped by 3.2 percent among 20-64 year-olds. The decline was 2.9 percent greater than the average of a comparison group of 531 counties across the nation. But Marsden reaches a little when he says the results proved the health reforms "saved lives." Researchers believe that’s the case, but caution they could not establish a "cause and effect" between the lowered death rate and the health reforms. So Marsden’s statement is accurate, but needs a little clarification. We rate it .
Statement: Americans spend more than $160 billion and 6 billion hours per year complying with the tax code.
Speaker: tom price
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Price is the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the Trump administration. Previously, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives for the 6th District of Georgia, an area that includes Marietta and Canton.
Date: August 14, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: financial regulation;government regulation;taxes
Context: Twitter posts
Fact-check justification: To sum up, U.S. Rep Tom Price said Americans are spending more than $160 billion and 6 billion hours each year complying with the federal tax code. The figures have been repeated by multiple interests seeking a comprehensive overhaul of the tax code. Prices’ figures, used in two Twitter posts, can be traced to the IRS’ independent ombudsman. Those figures, while difficult to quantify, have become the accepted standard for calculating compliance time and costs. We rate Price’s  .
Statement: Oregon House Republicans' jobs plan could generate more than 50,000 jobs over five years.
Speaker: kevin cameron
About the speaker: Kevin Cameron is Oregon's House Republican Leader. He represents District 19 in Salem.
Date: January 21, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: jobs
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: We stated upfront that we don’t have the economic credentials to second-guess these numbers, but we’ve largely cleared them of political manipulation. There are caveats galore, but House Republicans have relied on neutral third-parties to come up with job impact analyses. The only quibble we have is that indirect jobs are not the same as direct jobs estimated, and the statement should have included the distinction. Still, we end up with nearly 40,000 direct jobs estimated. We rate the statement .
Statement: SHOCK REPORT: Senator McCaskill BUSTED Funneling Millions of Tax Dollars to Her Hubby.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: July 25, 2018
Topics: ethics;federal budget;housing;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A  headline said, "Shock report: Senator McCaskill busted funneling millions of tax dollars to her hubby." The article cited research from a credible newspaper — the Kansas City Star — showing that since McCaskill took office, her husband has seen his income increase at least in part because of federal subsidies awarded to housing projects that he has invested in. However, we found no  that McCaskill personally or deliberately routed any money to her husband’s businesses. The use of the words "busted" and "funneling" in the Patriot Beat headline is not supported by the Kansas City Star’s research. We rate this statement .
Statement: Texas "spent close to a third of its budget on Medicaid last year, a third of all state spending.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: March 9, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: health care;medicaid;state budget
Context: a U.S. Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: Cornyn said Texas "spent close to a third of its budget on Medicaid last year, a third of all state spending." Nearly 30 percent of state plus federal aid in the 2016-17 Texas budget went to Medicaid. About 22 percent of state funds alone was appropriated for Medicaid. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The president early on called on NATO member countries to step up their contributions ... and as a result of that countries have stepped up contributions toward their own defense.
Speaker: rex tillerson
About the speaker: Rex Tillerson is the former CEO of Exxon Mobil. On Feb. 1, 2017, he was sworn in as President Donald Trump's secretary of state.
On March 13, 2018, Trump fired Tillerson and replaced him with CIA director Mike Pompeo.
Date: October 15, 2017
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a CNN "State of the Union" interview
Fact-check justification: "They are beginning to question the wisdom of subcontracting their security to a third party over whom they have no control," he said. Tillerson said that NATO countries are contributing more to their defense as a result of pressure from Trump. According to NATO, over the last 3 years, European allies and Canada spent almost $46 billion more on defense, meaning increases in spending have occurred before Trump’s presidency. Experts said it’s possible that Trump’s pressure has contributed to the continuation of the upward trend, but Tillerson’s explanation glazes over the other factors that have led to increases, including the conflict in the Ukraine in 2014. We rate this statement .
Statement: The number of people who have died in the U.S. in 2020 is on par with years prior to COVID-19.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 22, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A chart circulating online claims to demonstrate that the annual U.S. death toll has not changed significantly in 2020 amid COVID-19.  This is  and ignores that the virus has killed more than 290,000 Americans to-date, the most in any country in the world.  The data used for 2019 is not final and the figures presented for 2020 are incomplete. Other CDC data also refutes the ’s premise, with an estimation of hundreds of thousands of excess American deaths attributed to the virus this year. .
Statement: We hadn't had a (car) plant built in years — in decades, actually. And now we have many plants being built all throughout the United States.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 30, 2019
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: remarks to South Korean business leaders
Fact-check justification: Trump said the United States hadn’t seen a new car "plant built in years — in decades, actually. And now we have many plants being built all throughout the United States." It’s unclear if Trump included plants that make engines and other components, but that type of investment has been fairly steady over the years, which runs counter to his point about new plants coming after decades of no activity. In terms of assembly plants, his comment is a stretch. Nine years ago a new assembly plant opened in Tennessee. In 2015, Volvo announced it would build a plant in South Carolina and opened it in 2019. So it hasn’t been "decades." Two other plants are underway. On the flip side, however, one GM plant closed during Trump’s presidency, and another is slated for closure.  Overall, Trump painted a picture of a turnaround that the facts don’t support. We rate his  .
Statement: There were no American flags at the first Democratic presidential debate.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 27, 2019
Topics: debates;patriotism;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Additionally, we found photos of a number of candidates sporting American flag lapel pins, including Rep. Tim Ryan , Rep. Tulsi Gabbard , former Maryland congressman John Delaney , New York City Mayor Bill DeBlasio     There are no physical flags in the pictures. But searching for photos of the 2016 Republican presidential debates, it appears similar sets were used — lots of stars, stripes and an American color palette.   Searching through pages of Getty Images photos from the first debate, we saw none with a physical American flag made of cloth. But the stage had a digital set that prominently featured images of the flag — including one hanging on the White House image that appears in the Facebook post — and several candidates wore flag pins on their lapels.   We rate this  .
Statement: 2,809 Dead Babies in VAERS Following COVID Shots as New Documents Prove Pfizer, the FDA, and the CDC Knew the Shots Were Not Safe for Pregnant Women
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 4, 2021
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A headline from Health Impact News says, "2,809 Dead Babies in VAERS Following COVID Shots as New Documents Prove Pfizer, the FDA, and the CDC Knew the Shots Were Not Safe for Pregnant Women." The  is based on reports to the government’s VAERS database. Those reports are not verified, and they are often used to spread misinformation about vaccines. They do not prove that the shots are dangerous to babies or pregnant women. The CDC and health care providers who work with pregnant patients and infants recommend vaccination, based on scientific studies of people who have been vaccinated and the risks associated with COVID-19 infection during pregnancy. We rate this  .  RELATED LINK:  about 920 miscarriages caused by COVID-19 vaccination lacks
Statement: An image shows Rep. Elise Stefanik flipping off the camera at the impeachment proceedings
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 19, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It looked real to me, because of a number of factors, (more)    Stefanik did draw attention during the impeachment hearings, especially during the Nov. 15 testimony of former ambassador to Ukraine Marie Yovanovitch. Stefanik accused House Intelligence Committee chairman Adam Schiff of trying to undermine Republicans when he interrupted her line of questioning.   Stefanik may have voiced her displeasure at the hearing, but there is no  she used this vulgar hand gesture. We rate this !
Statement: Says Joe Biden called for a jihad in a video.
Speaker: the gateway pundit
About the speaker: The Gateway Pundit is a conservative website.
Date: October 9, 2020
Location: national
Topics: terrorism;facebook fact-checks
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: The Gateway Pundit article claims that a video of Joe Biden "calling for a Muslim jihad was created, translated, promoted and endorsed by the U.S. government." Biden did not promote "a Muslim jihad." He was encouraging Muslim Americans to vote. He said many of them lived Muhammed’s teachings by advocating for their communities and preaching peace. "Jihad," while often used to mean terrorism, is a broad word that can simply mean "struggle." The Biden video cited by the Gateway Pundit was translated by contractors of Voice of America, a U.S.-sponsored site, for its Urdu language service. But the video was deleted shortly afterward by VOA’s senior journalists. And the incident was being investigated. We rate this  .
Statement: Wikileaks releases moon landing cut scenes filmed in the Nevada desert.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 23, 2022
Location: nevada
Topics: space;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: According to IMDb , the Mojave Desert in California, and Yuma, Arizona, were among the filming locations. It didn’t mention Nevada.   The video in the post also uses authentic clips from the Apollo 11 moonwalk, weaving reality with movie magic in a way that seems intended to mislead viewers into believing that the historic space mission didn’t happen. That’s  .   We rate this post .
Statement: Says Kayleigh McEnany is John F. Kennedy Jr.'s daughter.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 15, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Their daughter, Caroline, was born in 1957, and John F. Kennedy Jr. was born two weeks after JFK won the presidency in 1960.   In 1999, JFK Jr. and Carolyn Bessette Kennedy died when the plane he was piloting crashed near Martha’s Vineyard . The couple didn’t have any children.   Caroline married Edwin Schlossberg and they had three children : Rose, Tatiana and Jack Schlossberg. We rate this post .
Statement: Rescinding the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program "will harm our economy.
Speaker: louise slaughter
About the speaker: Louise Slaughter is a Democratic congresswoman from New York. She formerly chaired the House Rules Committee when Democrats were in the majority.
Date: September 5, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: immigration
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Slaughter said ending DACA would harm the economy. Researchers dispute the amount but confirm Slaughter’s  that deporting DACA recipients would do more harm than good for the economy. We rate her  .
Statement: Says his budget provides "the highest state funding level in history" for education.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: January 31, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Scott said his budget "includes $10.7 billion in state funding for Florida K-12 schools, the highest state funding level in history." Floridians hearing this statement might think that means education funding for Florida schools has never been higher. That's not the case. Actually, Scott is referring only to the state government's specific contribution to overall spending. Scott drums up the state share as an historic investment, and it is in terms of actual dollars. But there are also local and federal dollars that fund Florida schools. When you consider those, Scott's overall recommendation for education spending is still short of what Florida students received before the economic crash. It's about the same as it was under Gov. Jeb Bush when considering inflation.  Scott’s  is partially accurate, but it leaves out important details that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: 'The Simpsons' predicted Canada's trucker convoy protest.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 29, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A video shared on social media claims that "The Simpsons" predicted the Canadian trucker convoy and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s reaction. That’s not the case. The video pieces together clips from two episodes that aired 20 years apart and adds audio to give a  impression. We rate this  .
Statement: [N]early one in three primary care doctors are forced to limit the number of Medicare patients they see.
Speaker: tom price
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Price is the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the Trump administration. Previously, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives for the 6th District of Georgia, an area that includes Marietta and Canton.
Date: December 18, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: Op-Ed
Fact-check justification: It’s not clear that the physicians who drop or restrict Medicare were "forced" to do so because of declining reimbursements or red tape. Nearly half of the primary care physicians responding to the Center for Studying Health System Change survey said one of the reasons they accept so few new Medicare patients is that their practices are full. We recommend Price give his feverish rhetoric an aspirin. And it wouldn’t hurt if he got a second or third opinion on the American Medical Association’s data. Price earns a .
Statement: Every major study that has been done by a legitimate group ... shows that there are hundreds of thousands of jobs to be created if you pass our (cap-and-trade) legislation. And if you wind up pricing carbon.
Speaker: john kerry
About the speaker: John Kerry is the secretary of state. He previously was a senator from Massachusetts and the Democratic Party's nominee for president in 2004.
Date: June 6, 2010
Location: national
Topics: cap and trade;climate change;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: You may agree or disagree with the findings and methodology of the Peterson Institute study, but the fact is that other "legitimate groups" have performed studies and reached different conclusions. Kerry's statement suggests there is some unanimity of opinion among legitimate organizations about cap-and-trade's effect on jobs. And that's just not so. There is quite a bit of disagreement. So we rate Kerry's  .
Statement: Fewer than 10 percent of those in the House are what anyone would classify as wealthy.
Speaker: john duncan
About the speaker: The former judge has represented Tennessee's 2nd Congressional District since the 1980s.
Date: December 1, 2011
Location: tennessee
Topics: congress;wealth
Context: Washington Report newsletter to constituents
Fact-check justification: While it is difficult to get an exact measure of congressional riches, House and Senate members are clearly much better off financially than the average American. Roughly one-third of House members, or 31 percent, have an average net worth not including their primary residence of at least $1.8 million, putting them among the 5 percent of wealthiest Americans.  Even more, 42 percent, have a net worth in excess of $1 million. Under either measure, Duncan’s  that fewer than 10 percent of House members are wealthy is way off base. We rate this  .
Statement: More than 260,000 Americans are employed by the domestic solar industry — three times as many workers as employed by the entire coal mining industry.
Speaker: brad schneider
About the speaker: Brad Schneider of Highland Park served one term in Congress representing the 10th District. He is a resident of Highland Park. He and U.S. Rep. Bob Dold have run against each other three times.
Date: April 20, 2017
Location: illinois
Topics: environment;energy;jobs
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Schneider said, "More than 260,000 Americans are employed by the domestic solar industry — three times as many workers as employed by the entire coal mining industry." Based on an apples-to-apples comparison using the best available data, the ratio is just short of three-to-one. Still, the data we found confirms that the number of solar-related jobs does outpace the number of coal-related jobs today. We rate the statement .