chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In Buffalo's SolarCity project, "Andrew Cuomo will create maybe 500 jobs if it ever happens at all, at about $1.5 million per job.
Speaker: carl paladino
About the speaker: Carl Paladino is a Buffalo-area developer and a former candidate for governor. He's rumored to be staging another run for governor in 2018.
Date: July 17, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a conversation with The Buffalo News at the Republican National Convention
Fact-check justification: Carl Paladino referred to Buffalo’s SolarCity project when he said at the Republican National Convention that "Cuomo will create maybe 500 jobs if it ever happens at all, at about $1.5 million per job. Paladino understated the number of jobs being created by SolarCity, which overstated the cost. The agreement between SolarCity and the state called for 1,460 total jobs to be created in Buffalo.   We rate this  as .
Statement: Ninety-four percent of small businesses will face higher taxes under the Democrats' plan.
Speaker: randy neugebauer
About the speaker: Rep. Randy Neugebauer represents the 19th District of Texas.
Date: July 29, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;taxes
Context: a Townhall.com guest blog post
Fact-check justification: First, it implicitly assumes that the Democratic plan is to let all of the tax cuts lapse, when, in fact, Democratic officials have consistently said that they intend to raise taxes only for the wealthiest individuals. Second, two independent studies that looked at the impact of the Democratic proposal on small businesses found that only between 2 to 3 percent of tax filers who report having what can be thought of as small business income will be affected. One of those studies came from the very source that Neugebauer incorrectly cited. Finally, reporting business income doesn't equal owning a small business, and data from the Tax Policy Center confirm that in the top tax bracket, only about a third of the tax filers report having at least 50 percent of their income from a business. We looked and looked for a shred of  and couldn't find one, so we rate this .
Statement: State governments have little ability to stimulate job growth in the short run.
Speaker: david wyss
About the speaker: David Wyss is the chief economist at Standard & Poor’s.
Date: December 13, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: economy
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: He said tax cuts could bring a "marginal" improvement in the short term and are worth trying, but they can't bring a big boost.   "There is no magic wand," Riedl said.    We found that experts placed the state's ability to create jobs for the short term between limited and marginal. None argued that state government could cause an immediate, major gain. We find Wyss' statement .
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "is the most popular politician in America today.
Speaker: mike crute
About the speaker: Mike Crute is co-host of "The Devil's Advocates," a talk show on a Milwaukee-area radio station.
Date: April 19, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;polls and public opinion
Context: a radio show
Fact-check justification: Our rating Crute said Sanders "is the most popular politician in America today." The polls don’t specifically ask respondents for their favorite politician -- they provide a limited list of political figures and ask respondents whether they have a favorable or unfavorable opinion of each one. But based on that measure of popularity, Sanders finished comfortably on top among some major political figures in the latest national poll. And in an averaging of polls on favorability done in 2017, his rating was exceeded only by Obama, who perhaps could still be called a politician, though not an active one.    For a statement that is accurate but needs clarification, our rating is .
Statement: PIP fraud is "$1 billion in fraud.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: February 24, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: states;transportation
Context: at a public event
Fact-check justification: Scott has industry data on his side when he uses the number $1 billion, but it’s not clear to us that all of that money is caused by fraud. Those opposed to PIP reform put forward interesting arguments that the economy might be driving some of the increase in payouts, to people who otherwise might have paid for care on their own if they could afford it. Nevertheless, most people following the issue agree that fraud is a factor of increased PIP payouts by insurers. The question is how much, and it’s not crystal-clear. We rate Scott’s statement .
Statement: Because of daylight saving time, "NO alarm set for the 2:00 a.m. hour will go off" on March 12.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: March 7, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a chain email
Fact-check justification: An email claimed that on March 12 when daylight saving time begins, "NO alarm set for the 2:00 a.m. hour will go off!" Cellphone clocks typically adjust automatically. Some Android devices will automatically adjust alarms set on certain apps within the 2 a.m. hour to instead go off in the 3 a.m. hour.  And some clocks — including some alarm clocks — need to be manually reset. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .   PolitiFact Staff Writers Grace Abels and Gabrielle Settles contributed to this report.
Statement: Says Mark Kirk "called for the mass arrest of 18,000 African Americans" and "was apparently fine with Trump's #StillTooRacist call for mass deportation.
Speaker: tammy duckworth
About the speaker: Tammy Duckworth was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2016 after representing Illinois' 8th Congressional District for two terms. She is an Iraq War veteran and former Assistant Secretary for the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Date: June 8, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: crime;public safety;guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Duckworth tweeted: "Kirk, who called for the mass arrest of 18,000 African Americans, was apparently fine with Trump’s #StillTooRacist call for mass deportation." While Kirk did call for the mass arrest of the Gangster Disciples, an African-American gang estimated to have 18,000 members, Duckworth’s tweet takes Kirk’s statement out of context and gives the impression he had called for the general mass incarceration of 18,000 African-Americans. Duckworth also fails to acknowledge Kirk walked back his statement shortly after he made it. More importantly, Kirk did not mention race when he originally called for a "mass pickup" of the Gangster Disciples gang. As for Kirk being "apparently fine" with mass deportation, his congressional voting record on immigration shows he supports comprehensive reform that would both improve border security and implement a tough, but fair pathway to citizenship for illegal immigrants -- not to mention he was the lone Republican senator to vote against legislation that would have withheld federal funds from sanctuary cities. We rate Duckworth’s  .
Statement: People protesting the Dakota Access pipeline "were intentionally poisoned" by government officials in North Dakota when a pilot "knowingly sprayed poisonous chemicals" over protesters' camps.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 17, 2020
Topics: energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A post claimed Dakota Access pipeline protesters were "intentionally poisoned" by government officials in North Dakota when a pilot "knowingly sprayed poisonous chemicals" over their camps. We found no  to suggest planes dropped a poisonous chemical on people protesting the Dakota Access pipeline. People involved in the protests and state officials have refuted this . We rate this  .
Statement: 2 million rounds of ammo that 'went missing' under Obama turns up in enemy hands
Speaker: world-newss.com
About the speaker: World-newss.com is a website that says it covers "world news and conservative news." 
Date: November 13, 2017
Topics: fake news;military;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: Major Adrian J.T. Rankine-Galloway, a Pentagon spokesman, told PolitiFact that there hasn’t been a recent discovery of 2 million U.S. rounds of ammunition in Afghanistan. To top it off, "We're not aware of a Brigadier General George Mason in any position of responsibility in Afghanistan," Rankine-Galloway said. "There's no such thing as ‘the Quartermaster at the Pentagon.’ " There is no  that 2 million rounds of U.S. ammunition went missing and were discovered in Afghanistan. We rate this  .
Statement: Each vegan spares more than 100 animals every year.
Speaker: heather moore
About the speaker: Heather Moore is a senior writer for PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
Date: November 17, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: agriculture;animals;food safety;health care
Context: a Providence Journal commentary
Fact-check justification: Perhaps the most  thing about Moore’s column is that from the opening sentences onward she writes about pigs and cows and the health risks of meat eating. She doesn’t touch on fish or fowl (or crustaceans) in her argument. She concludes: "Researchers have found that people who eat plant-based meals are between 25 and 50 percent less likely to get cancer, and each vegan spares more than 100 animals every year. "Bacon isn't worth dying for — not for people and certainly not for pigs. With so many tasty vegan foods to enjoy, kicking the meat habit is entirely possible. And it could save your life." There is no way a reader would know that the 100 animals she refers to are  animals that live underwater as opposed to the barnyard animals that she and the World Health Organization warned us not to eat.   This is the point PolitiFact Georgia made four years ago as noted by her source . And although Moore referred to "more than 100" rather than saying "nearly 200," she still fails to provide the context that’s necessary to understand how the number is calculated. For that reason, the  in 2011 becomes a  in 2015.
Statement: President-elect Trump's immigration policies are very similar to policies that are sitting right in the Senate and the House today to temporarily suspend immigration from countries that harbor terrorism, to temporarily suspend immigration from Syria until we get better vetting.
Speaker: reince priebus
About the speaker: Reince Priebus was the first chief of staff to President Donald Trump, replaced by John Kelly in July 2017. Priebus was previously chairman of the Republican National Committee, a post he assumed in 2011. He is also the former chairman of the Republican Party of Wisconsin. He was an unsuccessful Wisconsin state Senate candidate in 2004. He is a Kenosha, Wis., native and lawyer.
Date: November 14, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: an MSNBC interview
Fact-check justification: Priebus said, "President-elect Trump's immigration policies are very similar to policies that are sitting right in the Senate and the House today, to temporarily suspend immigration from countries that harbor terrorism, to temporarily suspend immigration from Syria until we get better vetting." Trump's policies include ending sanctuary cities, deporting at least 2 million people and building a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, not just restrictions on refugees. As for the restrictions, a bill passed in the House that is designed to increase screening of potential refugees from Iraq and Syria. The bill also called for certifications that ensure potential refugees are not a threat to the security of the United States. But it has stalled in the Senate. Two other House bills restricting the admission and resettlement of refugees have not been voted on either, so their outcome and support is still to be determined.  We rate Priebus’ statement .
Statement: The state of Georgia lost 16 percent of its employees last year, and that percentage has risen over the past three years.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: April 30, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: jobs;workers
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: A closer look at the numbers shows that Deal’s 16 percent figure also includes employees who have left their positions through layoffs, retirement, and other reasons -- including voluntary resignations. And in the case of voluntary resignations, the state doesn’t track information on these employees to determine whether they left for other jobs. Also, the figure doesn’t include data for most of the state’s colleges and Board of Regents. Deal’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details and context. We rated his  .
Statement: Then-Gov. Carl Sanders put 56 percent of the state budget into education, a figure that has not been achieved since.
Speaker: zell miller
About the speaker: Zell Miller was governor of Georgia from 1991 to 1999. He served in the U.S. Senate from 2001 through 2004.
Date: March 17, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: education;state budget
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: The data also showed a few years since Sanders when the levels have reached that amount, but those years included funding, such as lottery and tobacco settlement dollars, that were not available to Sanders. Overall, it is important to note that over the past 50 years, methods for funding education in the state, the available revenue streams and the definition of what constitutes education have changed numerous times. Still, data showed that education has always accounted for more than half of the budget in each of those years. We rate Miller’s  . Staff intern Karishma Mehrotra contributed to this article.
Statement: Following protests in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 2020, Democratic U.S. House candidate Hillary Scholten "dismissed the destruction and praised the rioters.
Speaker: congressional leadership fund
About the speaker: The Congressional Leadership Fund is a super PAC exclusively dedicated to protecting and strengthening the Republican Majority in the House of Representatives.
Date: September 9, 2022
Location: michigan
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Scholten voiced her support for Brinks’ statement, which some people could read as downplaying the violence in Grand Rapids.   But to use that solely as the basis for a  that Scholten "dismissed the destruction and praised the rioters" is . At no point in any of these posts did Scholten directly do either. And the Congressional Leadership Fund has offered no additional proof of the . It cherry-picks her words of support for one statement that does not denounce the violence while her own statement, posted the same day, does, specifically urging protesters "to not resort to violence and destruction." To cite one and not the other leaves out context that was clearly available to the fund more than two years after the posts were made. We rate this
Statement: The John McCain Twitter account has more than 1.1 million followers. The official White House Twitter account has only about 830,000.
Speaker: john king
About the speaker: John King is an anchor for CNN.
Date: August 2, 2009
Location: national
Topics: pop culture;pundits
Context: an interview on CNN's State of the Union
Fact-check justification: That one, @barackobama , had 1,902,667 followers. So add them together and Obama has nearly triple McCain's followers. One of King's producers correctly noted the caveat in an article on the CNN Web site, but King did not mention it during the interview. So King is correct with his  that McCain beats the official White House Twitter account, but viewers might be misled to think that's the total count for Obama when in fact it's just one of his two accounts. So we'll take King down a notch and give him a .
Statement: China is to blame because the culture where people eat bats and snakes and dogs and things like that, these viruses are transmitted from the animal to the people and that's why China has been the source of a lot of these viruses like SARS, like MERS, the Swine Flu and now the coronavirus.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: March 18, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: china;coronavirus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Plus, experts noted that any consumption of the animals Cornyn mentioned is not, in itself, the problem. It is also worth noting that researchers have not pinpointed exactly when, where or how the coronavirus hopped from animals to humans. While early reports indicated that the virus jumped from animals to humans at a seafood market in Wuhan, further study has identified cases predating those in people with no connection to the market. Taken as a whole, Cornyn’s statement is not accurate. We rate this  .
Statement: Obamacare includes "a $63 charge every American will begin paying (in 2013) as a way to cover some of the increased costs associated with providing health insurance to those with pre-existing conditions.
Speaker: jim renacci
About the speaker: Jim Renacci, a Republican, is running against U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown, a Democrat, in 2018. Renacci is the representative from Ohio's 16th Congressional District. He is a businessman and also the former mayor of Wadsworth. He was first elected to Congress in 2010.
Date: December 21, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;regulation
Context: a newspaper column
Fact-check justification: So where does this leave Renacci’s ? There is an element of  in his statement. The Department of Health and Human Services has indeed proposed a new $63 fee on every insured person that would be used to cover some costs associated with extending health insurance coverage to people with pre-existing medical conditions. But his  scrambles the details on some critical facts. On the -O-Meter, his  rates .
Statement: ICE has not deported or detained one white illegal immigrant.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 15, 2019
Topics: immigration;homeland security;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said, "ICE has not deported or detained one white illegal immigrant." The Facebook post does not include a source for its . ICE said it does not track the race of the people it removes from the country. Latin American countries were the top destinations where people were deported to in 2018. Hispanics or Latinos can be of any race, including white. News reports have noted that white immigrants have been detained and deported by ICE during Trump’s presidency. We rate the Facebook post .
Statement: And we've constantly been the lowest unemployed county in the state.
Speaker: bob terry
About the speaker: Commissioner Bob Terry is the Vice-Chair of the Board and represents District 4, a large portion of the rural area of  Washington County including Banks, Cornelius, Forest Grove, Gaston, Hillsboro and North Plains. Commissioner Terry was sworn into the Washington County Board of Commissioners in January 2011. This is his first term serving as a Washington County Commissioner.
Date: January 8, 2014
Location: oregon
Context: an Oregon Public Broadcasting interview
Fact-check justification: But his  to OPB was that the county has "constantly been the lowest unemployed county in the state." The county has led or tied for the lead in that category only three times in the past 23 years, though it has often had the third- or fourth-lowest rate. By saying "constantly," "lowest" and "in the state," Terry left himself no wiggle room. The numbers don’t bear out his initial . We rate it .
Statement: Said Dianne Feinstein said "there is no collusion" between the Trump campaign and Russia.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: December 28, 2017
Location: california
Topics: elections
Context: a New York Times interview
Fact-check justification: President Trump recently claimed Sen. Feinstein said "there is no collusion," between the Trump campaign and Russia. He apparently based his statement on responses Feinstein gave in a November 2017 CNN interview about the Russia probe. While Feinstein said she had "not so far" seen specific  about one portion of the investigation, that’s far from declaring there was no collusion. Speaking  more broadly about whether collusion took place, Feinstein said in an October 2017 interview that it's "an open question." The president’s  distorted the senator’s words and gave the  impression. We rate Trump’s  .    –  The statement is not accurate. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Mo Brooks "voted to cut off funding to destroy ISIS terrorists in the middle of the fight.
Speaker: alabama's future
About the speaker: Alabama's Future is a super PAC formed to oppose the candidacy of U.S. Rep. Mo Brooks, R-Ala., for the 2022 Republican nomination for U.S. Senate.
Date: March 11, 2022
Topics: federal budget;foreign policy;military;terrorism;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Alabama’s Future claimed in an ad that Brooks "voted to cut off funding to destroy ISIS terrorists in the middle of the fight." The ad alludes to two votes, one in 2015 and one in 2016 during U.S. combat operations against ISIS in Iraq and Syria. Neither was an up-or-down vote on funding military operations against the terrorist group. What Brooks voted for were measures that would have required congressional authorization of military action against ISIS before any funding of such operations could be approved. The ad contains an element of , but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . PolitiFact staff researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: Under New York Mayor Bill de Blasio, homicides are up by 20 percent, and subway delays have soared 45 percent.
Speaker: greg gutfeld
About the speaker: Greg Gufeld is a co-host on the Fox News program The Five.
Date: March 10, 2015
Topics: crime;transportation;punditfact
Context: a commentary on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Gutfeld faulted the performance of New York City mayor Bill de Blasio and noted that murders are up 20 percent and subway delays are up 45 percent. Gutfeld’s numbers are correct, but he commits extreme cherry picking with the murder statistic. A full year assessment of de Blasio’s administration would show that the murder rate is holding about steady compared to the year before he took office. As for the increased suffering of subway riders, it is real, but a large portion of that falls outside of de Blasio’s direct control. The state wields final authority over the trains. While de Blasio could press to add more city funds, he doesn’t control the budget and his representatives represent less than a quarter of the votes on the MTA board. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .