chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In June, jobless ranks were higher in nearly 90 percent of U.S. cities.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: August 5, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;message machine 2012
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The Romney campaign has many grim employment statistics it can legitimately cite in an ad such as this, but using this particular statistic is . The data the campaign relied on was not seasonally adjusted, so unemployment levels were exaggerated by the sudden graduation of high school and college students -- a caveat that was specifically noted high up in the story that the ad cited as its source. As it turns out, even the highest seasonally adjusted calculation we made is just half the size of the 90 percent cited in the ad. And excluding volatile month-to-month figures by looking at a full year-long comparison actually leads to the exact opposite conclusion from the one drawn in the ad: Better than 90 percent of metro areas saw unemployment drop, not rise, over the previous year. We rate this  .
Statement: Since I took office, we've created 76,800 jobs.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: June 17, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: jobs
Context: a statement
Fact-check justification: So where does that leave us? Scott got the number right, sticking to mainstream federal statistics. But he jumped the gun and overreached in claiming credit for those jobs. That's a pretty important clarification, and knocks him down a peg. We rate his statement .
Statement: Nike lost a lawsuit against antisemitism and has to give away gift cards to its customers.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 5, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But scroll down past several photos of Nike shoes published on the same day, and the next most recent item is from July 2022 and concerns an Egyptian food restaurant. The majority of this account’s posts, in fact, are about this restaurant.     The account changed its account’s name to "Gift cards from the store" April 5, and it says the people who manage the page are based in Ukraine.   Nike didn’t respond to PolitiFact’s query about this post, but we found nothing on its website or social media channels to support the post’s claims.   We rate it .
Statement: We've had a dramatic drop in violent crime since this law ('stand your ground') has been in effect.
Speaker: dennis baxley
About the speaker: Dennis Baxley is a state representative from Ocala, Fla. 
Date: March 21, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;criminal justice;crime
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Baxley said "We’ve had a dramatic drop in violent crime since this law has been in effect." His comments in television interviews implied the law itself reduced violent crime rates. There has been a drop, but rates were declining before the law went into effect. We found no proof that that the "stand your ground" law caused the drop in crime rates; some groups worry the law could lead to more violence. We rate his  .   Editor's note: Due a data entry error, the number of violent crimes for 2010 was originally listed as 113,415 in this report. The story now reflects the correct number of 101,906. The ruling remains the same.
Statement: We invested" in our transportation system "$24 billion over eight years. That's $3 billion more than what former Governor Jim Doyle spent on transportation over the same period of time.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: January 24, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Our rating:  . He pointed to one highway project being ahead of schedule. But a wide range of other projects -- including major ones -- have been delayed. Promises kept: In November 2017, we rated as a Promise Kept two pledges that Walker made during his 2014 campaign for a second term as governor. He repaid funds that had been raided from the state transportation fund, and he prevented any more raids from the funding from occurring.
Statement: Says the Democrats told the Catholic Church that they'll use federal powers to shut down church charities and hospitals if the church doesn't change its beliefs.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: March 16, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: health care;religion;sexuality
Context: a speech at the Conservative Political Action Conference
Fact-check justification: Cruz, alluding to Obamacare’s contraception insurance coverage mandate, said Democrats told the Catholic Church they would use federal powers to shut down its charities and hospitals if the church doesn’t change its beliefs. We found no sign of such a statement -- or anything close. The Catholic bishops have said that potential accumulated fines resulting from refusals to carry out the contraception mandate will cause some institutions to shut down. Perhaps. However, such prospects do not reflect a direct threat from Democrats or the government. To the contrary, the administration has moved to widen the mandate’s exemption for religious employers and provide a workaround for those who act as their own insurance providers -- with the goal of allowing affected parties to continue their work without violating or changing their beliefs. This  proved both  and . !
Statement: The latest Quinnipiac poll found that nearly six-in-ten Americans oppose ObamaCare -- 30% support the law and 57% oppose it.
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: December 14, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;polls and public opinion
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification:  to her word, the Facebook post was corrected within an hour or so. (We’ve posted a before-and-after look at right.) So the 57 percent in opposition was correct, but the actual level of support was 39 percent. Once we notified the RNC of this error, they quickly fixed it. Because one number was  in the original post and one was right, we rate the  .
Statement: Says "showing up at the front doors of people's houses and violating HIPAA laws by requesting private medical information regarding their vaccination status is unacceptable and illegal.
Speaker: mark robinson
About the speaker: Mark Robinson, a Republican, was elected Lt. Governor of North Carolina in 2020.
Date: July 9, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: privacy issues
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Robinson said it would be "illegal" for government officials to show up at peoples’ doors "requesting private medical information." An academic, a privacy law attorney, a former government employee who helped draft HIPAA, and a policy expert at a right-leaning think tank say Robinson’s  is .  It is not a HIPAA violation to ask someone if they’re vaccinated. And HIPAA does not prevent someone from answering the question. We rate Robinson’s post .
Statement: For each $1 billion in infrastructure investment, 42,000 jobs are created.
Speaker: steve latourette
About the speaker: Steve LaTourette, a Republican, is a former member of the House of Representatives from Ohio's 14th Congressional District. He served from 1995 to 2013.
Date: October 26, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;infrastructure;jobs
Context: a statement on his congressional website
Fact-check justification: But fellow committee member Corrine Brown of Florida, also a Democrat, separately said the number of jobs per $1 billion was 42,000. These, fellow Americans, are your lawmaking experts. LaTourette’s number was off, but his general concept has plenty of support, which is why we say pick a number.   Any number. It’s also why LaTourette’s  is rated .
Statement: Rudy Giuliani is "probably the most underqualified man since George Bush to seek the presidency.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: October 30, 2007
Location: national
Context: Philadelphia
Fact-check justification: He also has six years as U.S. attorney in New York, where he prosecuted mob figures and Wall Street titans. By contrast, Biden's fellow Democrat John Edwards has only six years of experience in the Senate. Barack Obama has only three in the U.S. Senate and eight in the Illinois Senate.
 We find Biden's rhetoric is not backed up by the facts because it ignores Giuliani's considerable experience as U.S. attorney and mayor of the nation's largest city. That's not just , that's  .
Statement: NFL will fly a "'Black Lives Matter' flag under the American flag at games.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 10, 2020
Topics: civil rights;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a text post
Fact-check justification: Nowhere in Goodell’s statement did he say that the NFL would fly a Black Lives Matter flag at football games. We could find no such promise on the league’s Twitter page, its website or reported in the media. We reached out to the NFL for a comment, but we haven’t heard back. The Facebook post is . We rate it .
Statement: Since the end of the financial crisis, we have seen an average of one community bank or credit union disappear every day.
Speaker: keith rothfus
About the speaker: Congressman Keith Rothfus is a Republican representing Pennsylvania's 12th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives. Rothfus is running in the November 2018 general election to represent the newly drawn 17th District, which is replacing the 12th District under a statewide redistricting plan. 
Date: May 22, 2018
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: financial regulation;government regulation;regulation
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Rothfus said, "Since the end of the financial crisis, we have seen an average of one community bank or credit union disappear every day." His statement is supported by data for that timeframe from both the FDIC and National Credit Union Administration. Since the third quarter of 2009, America lost 2,141 community banks and 2,118 credit unions. That’s 4,259 financial institutions total. Over roughly eight years, that’s 486 per year or roughly 1.4 per day. However, some banks "disappeared" due to voluntary consolidation, something that has been happening for 30 years, and not always as a direct result of Dodd-Frank. Therefore, Rothfus’  — given its context — is .
Statement: President Barack Obama "has doubled the size of government since he took office.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: April 10, 2012
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;federal budget
Context: a congressional Web page
Fact-check justification: Even Ryan’s out-of-date budget data offers no support for the notion that Obama "has doubled the size of government since he took office." As the House's budget leader and a key spokesman for his party’s budgetary proposals, Ryan should have known better. We rate his statement . UPDATE : After our story appeared, Ryan’s office got back to us. They said that they had been using fiscal year 2008 as their base year, rather than fiscal year 2009. Using the 2008 figures, federal outlays do roughly double between 2008 and 2021 under Obama’s fiscal year 2012 budget proposal. However, we think it’s  to use fiscal 2008 as the base year, since that year ended about four months before Obama took office. In any case, our previous concerns -- using figures for 2021, when Obama will have been out of office for either five or nine years, and ignoring the role of mandatory spending in expanding federal outlays -- still stand, and we’re keeping the rating at . In addition, Ryan’s office removed the sentence we checked after our story appeared. It has been replaced by a sentence that reads, "At the same time, the president will double the national debt and his plan ensures it will triple in the next eight years."
Statement: Two years after the worst recession most of us have ever known ... corporate profits are up.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 25, 2011
Location: national
Topics: corporations;economy
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Of course, corporate profits are just one component of the economy -- and just one part of Americans’ perceptions of how well the nation is doing economically. Unemployment is still stubbornly high, and indeed, some commentators have been critical of companies’ hesitancy to invest on new hires amid such high profits. Still, Obama was correct in his description of the trend in corporate profits. One could say that he’s being presumptuous by assuming what the full 2010 figure will be before it’s officially announced, but we think that the current trendlines for corporate profits, combined with recent fourth-quarter reports, put the level so far above the 2009 level that it’s highly unlikely to drop once the full-year numbers have been released. So we rate Obama’s statement .
Statement: When President Barack Obama "signed the executive order (on DACA, he) actually said he doesn't have the right to do this.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 9, 2018
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a press conference with congressional leaders
Fact-check justification: Trump said that when Obama signed the executive order on DACA, he acknowledged that he didn’t have the right to do it. The smaller errors in that statement are that Obama didn’t sign an executive order, and that when he announced the new policy, he didn’t say that he lacked the authority. The bigger issue is that in 2010 and 2011, Obama reserved the right to enforce immigration laws selectively. His emphasis was on deporting criminals who were undocumented, rather than undocumented students or workers who presented no threat to public safety. To be sure, Obama drove home the point many times that his hands were tied and that he had to follow the law. His words about his legal flexibility were vague and gave no hint about the DACA program, an approach that took the idea of selective enforcement to a new level. We rate this  .
Statement: Illegal counterfeiting and piracy costs the U.S. economy $100 billion... every year.
Speaker: lamar smith
About the speaker: Lamar Smith is a Republican congressman from a San Antonio-based district in Texas. He became chairman of the House Judiciary Committee in January 2011.
Date: January 20, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: congress;criminal justice;legal issues
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Smith’s statement draws on a high-end estimate also based on flawed assumptions for the U.S. "consumption-based share of counterfeit and pirated goods" in 2008. The cited $100 billion figure doesn’t reflect the costs to the economy, contrary to Smith’s ; the 2011 study did not assess such costs, which are understandably slippery. Maybe there is no solid estimate of the cost to the economy. Smith’s CNN.com statement rates .
Statement: In New York City, "murders are up.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: crime
Context: a presidential debate at Hofstra University
Fact-check justification: At the debate, Trump said that In New York City, "murders are up." For virtually any time frame you can look at, including the year to date, murders in New York City are down. We rate the statement .
Statement: Just in the Austin MSA alone, 150 people move here every day.
Speaker: jose carrillo
About the speaker: Jose Carrillo serves as director of strategic initiatives for the NALEO Educational Fund.
Date: March 28, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: census;population
Context: a Texas Capitol press conference
Fact-check justification: Carrillo said: "Just in the Austin MSA alone, 150 people move here every day." The five-county region’s population grew by 151 people a day in the 12 months up to July 2017, according to the latest annual federal estimate. This growth was  due to people moving in outpacing people leaving the region with a third of the net growth tied to local births outpacing deaths. But specific to what Carrillo said, Census Bureau work rooted in surveys taken in the five years through 2015 suggests that about 350 people a day were moving into the region. It's worth stressing, though, that this figure doesn't account for people who (inexplicably) skedaddled. We rate Carrillo’s statement, accurately recapping the region's latest growth, .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: To this day, (the Cuban government) is a regime that provides safe harbor to terrorists and fugitives.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: March 17, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Ryan said, "To this day, (the Cuban government) is a regime that provides safe harbor to terrorists and fugitives." There are some U.S. fugitives and members of a Spanish separatist group living in Cuba with the Cuban government’s permission. But Ryan’s statement misses an important nuance: In the past couple decades, Cuba has been more cooperative with the United States in terms of returning fugitives, and the country has cut ties with foreign organizations designated by the United States as terrorist groups. Significantly, the United States recently removed Cuba’s designation as a state sponsor of terrorism. Ryan’s statement is accurate but could use that additional clarification, so we rate it .
Statement: Polls show that 96 percent of New Jerseyans – and 95 percent of gun households in the state – support expanding background checks to keep guns away from those who shouldn't have them.
Speaker: mark kelly
About the speaker: Mark Kelly is a U.S. Senator from Arizona. Kelly is a retired astronaut and husband of former U.S. Rep. Gabby Giffords, D-Ariz., who was injured in a January 2011 shooting. The couple founded advocacy group Americans for Responsible Solutions.
Date: August 12, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: guns
Context: an opinion column on NJ.com
Fact-check justification: Kelly said in an opinion column, ""Polls show that 96 percent of New Jerseyans – and 95 percent of gun households in the state – support expanding background checks to keep guns away from those who shouldn’t have them." Kelly was referring to a Quinnipiac University Polling Institute poll from January, with findings that match numbers he cited. The poll’s question specifically referenced guns bought at gun shows, and Kelly’s spokeswoman confirmed that his statement in his column referred to such purchases. We rate Kelly’s  . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says he signed legislation leading to 12 Texas abortion clinics being closed.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: January 18, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;state budget
Context: a South Carolina forum
Fact-check justification: Planned Parenthood clinics shut down due to legislative decisions approved by Perry. But Perry's key point -- that the clinics provided abortions -- is unsupported. Abortion providers had been ineligible for state funding for years. This reference to abortion is critical to Perry's , which we rate .