chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Common welfare programs give income of $43,330 or $20.83 an hour.
Speaker: rhode island center for freedom and prosperity
About the speaker: The Rhode Island Center for Freedom and Prosperity is a conservative think tank.
Date: January 10, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: children;economy;families;federal budget;health care;housing;income;government regulation;medicaid;poverty;welfare;women;workers
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Rhode Island Center for Freedom and Prosperity tweeted that "Common welfare programs give income of $43,330 or $20.83 an hour." It's not income as most people think of it. It's how much a poor single parent with two children under age 5 would have to earn to get the equivalent value of all programs, including food stamps, medical care, heating assistance and housing subsidies, plus $6,648 a year in cash assistance. But that's a hypothetical maximum that only a small fraction of welfare recipients reach because they're not eligible for those specific benefits, they didn't apply for them, or a benefit is not available. The Center’s tweet suggests the scenario is more common than it is. It could have added the caveats and still stayed within Twitter’s 140-character limit. For example: "RI should make working more attractive than welfare! Common welfare programs give income up to $43,330 or $20.83/hr for single parent of 2." Because the statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.) (Correction: The initial version of this item incorrectly reported that a single parent with two children, who was working full time at $13 an hour, would be eligible for $2,000 in food stamps per month. The correct amount is $2,000 per year.)
Statement: Merriam-Webster recently changed its definition of "anti-vaxxer" to include people who oppose laws that mandate vaccination.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 14, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An archived page of the "anti-vaxxer" entry from Nov. 25, 2018, shows the same definition as today. That’s also  for archived pages from 2019 , 2020 , and 2021 .    Two years ago, someone cited the definition in response to a Quora question about "the exact definition of an anti-vaxxer," and it’s referenced in a November 2018 HuffPost story about a screenwriter who compared the word "anti-vax" to a racial slur.   The current definition has existed online for more than three years, since it was first added to the dictionary, according to Merriam-Webster. We rate posts that  otherwise .
Statement: Corona is so bad, this guy died twice!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 13, 2020
Location: tennessee
Topics: facebook fact-checks;wisconsin;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Both stations aired the same photo with their stories.    That’s because Dr. Lenard Wells spent 30 years working for the Milwaukee Police Department before he started teaching at the University of Memphis, according to news reports. He was an instructor in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice.   The two reports describe the same person’s (one) death. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says as Assembly Speaker he is a "constitutional officer" of Wisconsin.
Speaker: robin vos
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Robin Vos, R-Rochester, has represented western Racine County in the state Assembly since 2004. In November 2012, he was elected Assembly speaker. Vos previously served on the Racine County Board of Supervisors, from 1994 to 2004.
Date: March 4, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;states
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Vos refers to himself, in his role as Assembly Speaker, as a "constitutional officer."  But that position is not among those specifically mentioned in the constitution, a roster of roles that is generally understood to refer to statewide positions such as governor, lieutenant governor and attorney general. At the same time, the constitution says the Assembly and Senate must designate presiding officers. So, a position such as the one Vos holds is anticipated by the document. For a statement that contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, our rating is .  window.gciAnalyticsUAID = 'PMJS-TEALIUM-COBRAND';
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Statement: Tylenol "ruins your ability to kill" COVID-19.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: December 31, 2021
Location: national
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claims that Tylenol ruins people’s ability to fight off COVID-19. There’s no  that Tylenol does that. Health officials have recommended the use of Tylenol and other fever-lowering medications to treat COVID-19 symptoms. Sometimes people can let a fever run its course, medical experts said, but doing so can be dangerous in certain situations.  Tylenol can have serious side effects when taken in excess of recommended doses. But the post doesn’t mention dosage. We rate this  .
Statement: Wisconsin is called the Badger State because "our ancestors came here with the hopes of living the American dream by mining.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 23, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;history;jobs
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: "There’s no doubt about that," he said. Our rating Walker said Wisconsin is called the Badger State because "our ancestors came here with the hopes of living the American dream by mining." At least one scholar suggests that the number of miners who lived like badgers was relatively small. But he and other authorities agree that the dwelling habits of at least some of the miners are what gave Wisconsin its nickname. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: Says he was "one of the chief architects" of balancing the federal budget.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: August 9, 2015
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: an interview with "This Week" host George Stephanopoulos
Fact-check justification: Kasich said he was one of the chief architects of the balanced federal budget. Kasich has a long track record of pushing for a balanced budget, and contemporary accounts from 1997 place him very much at the center of the action. His description of being "one of" the chief architects, instead of the sole mastermind, also puts him on safer ground. Conservative and independent scholars point out that it is also worth remembering that there was more going on that actually led to not just a balanced budget but budget surpluses. Some of those factors were beyond Kasich’s power to influence, such as the economy. In addition, he opposed earlier fiscal bills that ultimately were followed by falling deficits, and deficits continued to fall before some key elements of the budget plans he crafted ever took effect. His statement is accurate but needs additional information. So we rate it  .
Statement: Refinanced $232.6 million in bonds, resulting in reduced debt service for the City.
Speaker: dick greco
About the speaker: Dick Greco, 77, is making his fifth run for mayor in Tampa's nonpartisan elections on March 1, 2011. He previously served as mayor from 1967 to 1974 and 1995 to 2003.
Date: November 29, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography;infrastructure
Context: a report on his past accomplishments as Tampa mayor
Fact-check justification: "This sentence puts in context that new bonds were being issued, in addition to bonds that were being refinanced," he said. Adding that all up, we find Greco correctly described the bonds that were refinanced during his years as mayor. But taken in isolation, the statement about the lowered debt payments for Tampa is . That's because it doesn't include hundreds of millions in new bonds that were issued at the same time. Therefore, we rate this statement .
Statement: Thirty-five states have accepted high-speed intercity rail money.
Speaker: raymond lahood
About the speaker: Raymond LaHood, a former Republican member of the U.S. House from Illinois, is secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: stimulus;transportation
Context: a speech to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
Fact-check justification: Next, three of those 35 states have subsequently said no thanks. And several other states are taking the money, but not using it to develop new high-speed rail lines. We understand that you can make an argument that all of that money could one day result in a high-speed rail project. But based on the results in Wisconsin, Ohio, and now Florida, we're far from ready to go there just yet. We rate this statement .
Statement: Look, the earmarks have come down significantly, 75 percent.
Speaker: peter orszag
About the speaker: Peter Orszag is the former director of the Office of Management and Budget under President Barack Obama.
Date: March 8, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: And they aren't saying. At least not to us. But the authorities on this matter say their calculations are bunk. We agree. And we rule the statements .
Statement: Christmas trees are grown in all 50 States.
Speaker: jeff merkley
About the speaker: Jeff Merkley is a Democratic senator from Oregon. He was elected in 2008. Merkley won his first campaign for the Oregon Legislature as a representative in 1998. He was elected Democratic leader in 2003 and speaker of the House in 2007. He studied international relations at Stanford University and earned a graduate degree in public policy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.
Date: November 30, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: agriculture;states
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: We could downgrade Merkley for his statement, because we’re not sure there are tree farms in all 50 states, and the resolution emphsizes commercial tree farms. But that would be so Grinch-like. Instead, we rule the statement . Christmas trees grow in all 50 states, and they bring a lot of joy to families in the United States. Return to OregonLive to comment .
Statement: Barbara Boxer voted to cut spending on Medicare benefits by $500 billion, cuts so costly to hospitals and nursing homes that they could stop taking Medicare altogether.
Speaker: crossroads gps
About the speaker: Crossroads GPS is a conservative advocacy group founded by prominent Republicans, including former White House political adviser Karl Rove.
Date: August 25, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2010;retirement
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: In our ruling, it's  that Boxer voted for the health care law, and that law includes reductions in payments for hospitals and nursing homes. But $500 billion includes all the cost reductions for Medicare; the reductions for hospitals and nursing homes are about $220 billion. Finally, those warning about the spending reductions say that it's unlikely Congress will allow them to go forward if they affect patient care. Boxer, meanwhile, has voted for similar types of payment fixes in the past. Because the ad leaves out important facts that undermine most of its claims, we find the statement from Crossroads GPS .
Statement: Emails show Democrats, Hillary Clinton and George Soros instigated and orchestrated racial protests in Charlottesville by trying to "control" and keep people "desperate.
Speaker: alex jones
About the speaker: Alex Jones is a conservative radio show host based in Austin, Texas. He hosts The Alex Jones Show and runs InfoWars.com, a website known to traffic in fake news and conspiracy theories.
Date: August 13, 2017
Topics: crime;race and ethnicity;terrorism;punditfact
Context: a video on his website
Fact-check justification: Jones said, "if you go back to the Wikileaks, from over a year ago, the Democratic Party is sending emails to George Soros and back and forth at the highest levels of the Democratic Party saying, ‘We’re losing the public. Minorities are getting into free market. We (Democrats) want to keep people in their mother’s basement as baristas.’ "Remember even Hillary said that. ‘What are we going to do to keep control of them? Keep them in the dark, keep them desperate.’ Jones' comments were part of a broader accusation that the events in Charlottesville were staged by liberals and coordinated by top Democrats. We can find no  that Jones’ broad attack, or his specific  about comments made by Soros, Clinton or Democrats in emails, checks out. Clinton did describe supporters of Bernie Sanders as working as baristas or living in their parents’ basements. But that’s well short of what Jones alleged. We rate this  .
Statement: NASA has discovered a new planet covered with marijuana
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 4, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: The planet that was supposedly discovered — Planet X637Z-43 — even has its own hoax Wikipedia page . The post attempts to make the  appear slightly credible but falls short in several areas, especially when quoting Harvard astronomer David Charbonneau as saying, "Imagine if it takes 140 years to travel from one planet to another, let’s just say it’s going to be a very long trip. You better have rolled yourself a couple of joints for the road." We reached out to Charbonnaeu but did not immediately hear back. This is full on !
Statement: Says Sen. Martha McSally "supported a plan to turn Medicare into a voucher program and 'shift costs' onto seniors" and "even supported raising the retirement age.
Speaker: mark kelly
About the speaker: Mark Kelly is a U.S. Senator from Arizona. Kelly is a retired astronaut and husband of former U.S. Rep. Gabby Giffords, D-Ariz., who was injured in a January 2011 shooting. The couple founded advocacy group Americans for Responsible Solutions.
Date: September 2, 2020
Location: arizona
Topics: medicare;retirement;social security
Context: campaign website
Fact-check justification: Kaiser Family Foundation experts in 2017 said proposals to convert Medicare to a voucher system could lead to higher costs for seniors already enrolled in Medicare. McSally in 2012 stated support for potentially raising the retirement age. Her campaign did not say where she stood on that issue in 2020. Kelly’s  is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: A photograph shows members of the U.S. women's soccer team kneeling during the national anthem at the Tokyo Olympics.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 21, 2021
Topics: sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Posts on social media suggest that a photograph shows some members of the U.S. women’s soccer team kneeling during the national anthem at the Tokyo Olympics.  In reality, the photo was taken in February 2021 at the SheBelieves Cup in Florida — not at the 2020 Olympics.  Members of the U.S. women’s national team took a knee on July 21 ahead of their first Olympic match in Japan. They were standing during the U.S. national anthem.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says Rick Scott's "hospital company stole millions, defrauding the military's health care program.
Speaker: votevets.org
About the speaker: VoteVets is an advocacy group.
Date: October 12, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: health care;legal issues
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: VoteVets said Scott’s "hospital company stole millions, defrauding the military’s health care program." Scott stepped down as CEO of Columbia/HCA in 1997 as the federal government was investigating his company. A few years later, the company reached a $1.7 billion settlement with the government for defrauding Medicare and other government programs including Tricare which serves the military. A Pentagon spokeswoman said that Tricare received recovery payments in the millions. We rate this  .
Statement: Nothing in the Constitution explicitly guarantees our right to vote.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: May 13, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;legal issues;supreme court
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: "It is correct that there is not an explicit provision in the Constitution guaranteeing the right to vote," he said, "but several amendments guarantee the right to vote at age 18, free of racial discrimination, and protected by the Equal Protection doctrine." Our rating Acknowledging that the right to vote is inherent in the Constitution, Pocan nevertheless called for amending the document and declared: "Nothing in the Constitution explicitly guarantees our right to vote." Whether adding such a guarantee would have much impact is debatable. But Pocan’s narrowly constructed  is accurately stated. We rate it .
Statement: The filibuster was never an idea of the founding fathers.
Speaker: chuck todd
About the speaker: Chuck Todd is a political analyst and reporter for NBC and MSNBC.
Date: March 7, 2021
Location: west virginia
Topics: congress
Context: remarks on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Todd said, "The filibuster was never an idea of the Founding Fathers."  The founders never wrote into the Constitution a filibuster, and contemporaneous writings suggest that the founders’ views ranged from ambivalent to negative about the value of delaying tactics in general.  The founders were aware that some of the provisions they included in the Constitution could be used by a determined minority to delay legislative business, even if that was not was not the founders’ reason for including them. In any case, the filibuster used in the Senate today was not among the provisions included.  We rate the statement .
Statement: We've had a 30% increase in suicides in this country in just 15 years.
Speaker: amy klobuchar
About the speaker: Amy Klobuchar is a senator from Minnesota. Klobuchar was elected as senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Klobuchar received a bachelor’s degree in political science from Yale University and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School. In 2019, she announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 2, 2020.
Date: May 8, 2019
Location: national
Topics: public health
Context: a Fox News town hall
Fact-check justification: Klobuchar said, "We’ve had a 30% increase in suicides in this country in just 15 years." Between 2001 and 2017, the suicide rate rose by exactly 30.8%. We rate her statement .
Statement: Says CNN said "Taliban fighters responsibly wearing masks.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 15, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;facebook fact-checks;ask politifact
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) This image was taken from the Babylon Bee , a satire site. While many posts sharing the image show the site’s logo or name, others don’t and are presenting the joke as fact. It’s not.   We rate claims otherwise .
Statement: As bank president, Alex Sink eliminated thousands of Florida jobs while taking over $8 million in salary and bonuses.
Speaker: republican governors association
About the speaker: the gubernatorial campaign arm of the Republican Party.
Date: February 23, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a television advertisement
Fact-check justification: She can’t  that she wasn’t in charge of decisionmaking and then also  that she has business decisionmaking experience." On that point, we agree. Even if she were not the architect of the deal, she helped implement the merger over the next few years, and received a generous compensation package at the same time. With the exception of the term "bonus," which we think is a bit of a stretch, the RGA ad strikes us as generally accurate. We rate it .
Statement: Two thirds of the people in Wisconsin strongly disagree with this idea of permanently taking away people's rights to collective bargaining.
Speaker: peter barca
About the speaker:  
Peter Barca, a Kenosha native and Democrat, has served two stints in the state Assembly. He was first elected in 1984 before resigning after winning a U.S. House seat in 1993. He served one term in Congress, losing re-election to Mark Neumann. Barca served in various governmental and private-sector posts before winning election to the Assembly in 2008. He was elected Minority Leader of the Assembly Democrats in 2011.
 
Date: June 14, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: But Barca has scant  of a two-thirds majority (some of the polls he cites are national ones), and no leg to stand on in claiming two thirds of Wisconsinites "strongly disagreed." That’s a specific measure pollsters use. In polling, a few percentage points either way can be highly significant. Here, Barca missed the bull's-eye by more than that. We find his statement .