chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says the Clintons "burst through their own self-pronounced guidelines" by accepting foreign donations. "There is a clip of Bill Clinton saying we're not going to take foreign donations.
Speaker: joe scarborough
About the speaker: Joe Scarborough, a former Republican congressman from Florida, is the host of "Morning Joe" on MSNBC. He is a lawyer with Beggs and Lane, the oldest firm in Florida and a former publisher and editor of "The Florida Sun," a newspaper.
Date: April 30, 2015
Topics: ethics;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Scarborough accused Bill Clinton of hypocrisy, saying the former president violated his own self-pronounced guidelines by accepting foreign donations while his wife was secretary of state. As , Scarborough pointed to comments made by Clinton in 2012.  But Clinton's comments were more narrowly focused than Scarborough let on. Clinton said the Clinton Global Initiative didn’t take donations from foreign entities while Hillary Clinton was secretary of state because it opens questions of conflicts of interest. That prohibition is outlined in a memorandum of understanding signed by the foundation and the Obama administration. There is, as of yet, no accusation that the initiative broke that term of the agreement. As far as the other Clinton programs and initiatives, the Clintons were permitted to collect donations from foreign governments. But they did agree to increased reporting requirements, though the Clinton Foundation says it failed to meet the reporting requirements in some cases. In short, there are serious questions about how the Clinton Foundation reported foreign government donations. But Bill Clinton’s 2012 interview provides little extra fodder -- beyond a juicy soundbyte -- for those questioning the Clintons’ decision to take foreign government money. We rate the  .
Statement: On Abigail Spanberger: "She got $2.2 million from ActBlue...That is the George Soros resistance group.
Speaker: dave brat
About the speaker: Dave Brat represents Virginia's 7th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was first elected to the seat in 2014 after pulling of a stunning upset of Majority Leader Eric Cantor in a Republican Primary. He is active in the Freedom Caucus, a conservative wing of Republican congressmen.
Prior to Congress, Brat was chairman of the business and economics department at Randolph-Macon College. 
Brat, a midwestern native, has obtained a Masters in Divinity from Princeton Theological Seminary and a Ph.D. in economics from American University. He began teaching at Randolph-Macon in 1996.
Brat served two Governors on the Joint Advisory Board of Economists. He was president of the Virginia Association of Economists.
Date: October 21, 2018
Location: virginia
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Brat says of Spanberger, "She got $2.2 million for ActBlue...That is the George Soros resistance group." Brat is implausibly positioning Soros, the focus of many conservative theorists, as the power behind Spanberger’s campaign. ActBlue is not a Soros-controlled organization. It’s a nonprofit group that provides a software platform that allows people to contribute to Democratic candidates and causes through their personal computers and cell phones. ActBlue is a conduit; it does not raise political money. As of Sept. 25, Spanberger had raised almost $2.2 million through ActBlue. The money came for from several thousand individuals, not Soros. Brat’s attempts to tie Soros to ActBlue and, therefore, Spanberger’s campaign - sometimes through third or fourth-hand links - is contrived and deceptive. We rate Brat’s statement .
Statement: Corporate tax holidays pushed by Presidents John F. Kennedy and George W. Bush brought "billions" of dollars back into the United States.
Speaker: johnny isakson
About the speaker: Johnny Isakson, a Republican, is a U.S. senator from Georgia
Date: May 21, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The conservative Heritage Foundation posted an article in 2011 that concluded the 2004 tax holiday produced immediate results but "the  is clear that these repatriations did not produce the hoped-for subsequent surge in domestic investment." The article suggested the U.S. lower its corporate tax rate and a permanent partial exemption for future foreign-source earnings of all U.S. businesses. To sum up, Isakson’s comments were accurate about the Bush tax holiday, which brought $362 billion back into the U.S. There is, however, disagreement about its long-term effectiveness.   There is even more disagreement about whether it’s correct to describe what Kennedy did as a corporate tax holiday. Our rating: .
Statement: 95-item list of food-destroying incidents demonstrates that "you are duped if you think they aren't planning a food shortage.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 7, 2022
Location: national
Topics: agriculture;food;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts sharing a 95-item list of alleged food-destroying incidents said the list demonstrates that "you are duped if you think they aren’t planning a food shortage." Most of the incidents listed involved chickens or turkeys being killed because they were exposed to a highly contagious avian influenza and many referenced fires that officials said weren’t suspicious. The post relayed  information about some of the incidents, and we found no  that two incidents happened at all. Experts in fire research and avian influenza said the list’s legitimate incidents do not demonstrate that there is an ongoing effort to create food shortages. We rate this post . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. RELATED: No, food-plant fires aren’t attempt to create food shortages RELATED: Looming food shortages? Probably not in the US
Statement: Electronic voting machines didn't allow people to vote" in Maricopa County, Arizona.
Speaker: tucker carlson
About the speaker: Tucker Carlson was a Fox News pundit until his departure in April 2023.
Date: November 8, 2022
Location: national
Topics: elections;arizona
Context: election night coverage on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Carlson said "electronic voting machines didn't allow people to vote" in Maricopa County. We found no reports about people not being allowed to vote. Voters who encountered glitchy tabulators could immediately place their ballots in a slot in the same machine to be counted later. If they didn’t like that option, they could be checked out of that polling place, go to one that had no waiting time, and vote there. Carlson’s statement lacks . We rate it . RELATED: No, Maricopa vote tabulators didn’t lead to ballots with ‘no chain of custody’
Statement: Gov. Rick Perry "spent over a million dollars on D.C. lobbyists asking for more federal money and lives in a luxury house that costs taxpayers $10,000 a month.
Speaker: kay bailey hutchison
About the speaker: Kay Bailey Hutchison, initially elected to the U.S. Senate in 1993, did not seek re-election in 2012. She ran for governor in 2010, losing the Republican nomination to incumbent Rick Perry.
Date: February 24, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: ethics;transparency
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: According to Austin Energy spokesman Ed Clark, the utility doesn't release how much electricity any customer uses. But the average electric bill for a home of similar square footage would run about $250 a month, assuming the home is heated by gas. The bottom line: Hutchison is correct that state offices controlled by Perry or his appointees spent more than $1 million on Washington lobbyists. As for the rental house that is currently Perry's home, Hutchison's  that taxpayers are paying $10,000 a month is so close that she gets the cigar. Based on available information, we rate Hutchison's statement as .
Statement: Says Richard Cordray "secretly collected hundreds of millions of credit card accounts and mortgages. Worse, Cordray failed to protect our information. It was hacked over 200 times.
Speaker: republican governors association
About the speaker: the gubernatorial campaign arm of the Republican Party.
Date: July 18, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: technology
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: A Republican Governors Association ad said that Richard Cordray "secretly collected hundreds of millions of credit card accounts and mortgages. Worse, Cordray failed to protect our information. It was hacked over 200 times." It’s  to state that the data was collected in secret when the law that established that the bureau could collect data to protect consumers. If some consumers didn’t realize the data would be collected, that doesn’t mean it was a secret. The use of the word "hack" is the  term -- it implies some nefarious person hacked into the data, and that’s not the case. There were breaches of personal information by the bureau or contractors. We rate this  .
Statement: In Aberdeen, Miss., "Massive 78% of mail-in ballots proved fraudulent, judge orders election do-over.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 3, 2021
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A headline widely shared on Facebook stated: "Massive 78% of mail-in ballots proved fraudulent, judge orders election do-over." It wasn’t the election you might have been thinking about. A judge ordered a new election for an aldermanic seat in a small Mississippi city after ruling that 78% of the 84 absentee ballots cast for that seat contained irregularities. The judge also found "significant  of fraud" on the part of two people who notarized paperwork for absentee ballots and ordered one arrested. The sparse headline needs additional information, which is our definition of .
Statement: Social Security doesn't contribute a penny to the deficit.
Speaker: alliance for retired americans
About the speaker: Founded in 2001, the Alliance for Retired Americans says its mission is to "ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and security."
Date: July 12, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: deficit;federal budget;social security
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: After all, it draws on a payroll tax to pay for itself and has built up $2.6 trillion in Treasury IOUs and interest to cover cash shortfalls. However, when Social Security draws from its trust fund, as it did last year and will again this year, it is asking Treasury for money that has to come from the overall budget. And these transactions contribute to the overall federal deficit--not much perhaps, but more than a penny. We rate the statement . Editor’s note : PolitiFact Ohio checked a slightly different  about Social Security, finding it  .
Statement: The FBI took over the investigation into the attack on Paul Pelosi because San Francisco authorities weren't sticking to Nancy Pelosi's talking points.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 2, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Shapiro also said he doesn't see significant differences between San Francisco and federal authorities’ comments and court filings about the case. "Both talking points pivot on the same key ," Shapiro said.   Conspiracy theories have circulated online since the attack claiming a cover-up based on unfounded or  grounds. This is among them. We rate claims that the FBI is investigating this case because local authorities weren’t parroting Pelosi’s talking points .
Statement: South Dakota "did have tragedies and we did have losses. But we also got through (the pandemic) better than virtually every other state.
Speaker: kristi noem
About the speaker: Governor Kristi Noem is a wife, a mother, and a lifelong rancher, farmer and small business owner.
In 2010, after serving in the South Dakota legislature for several years, Noem was elected to serve as South Dakota's lone member of the U.S. House of Representatives. During her time in Congress, in addition to many other successes, Governor Noem helped pass the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which put $2,400 back in the pockets of the average South Dakota family.
In 2018, with the platform of protecting South Dakotans against tax increases, government growth, federal intrusion, and government secrecy, she was elected as South Dakota's first-ever female Governor.
Date: February 2, 2021
Topics: health check;coronavirus
Context: an interview on the “The Ingraham Angle”
Fact-check justification: Both public health measures and fiscal stability represent important pieces to forming a full picture of how the state is handling the pandemic, experts said. As Van der Sluis noted, these metrics are imprecise instruments for measuring the damage from a deadly health crisis. In addition, comparing states wholesale is difficult given their differences and the dynamic nature of the pandemic, as various sources noted. And, though South Dakota is currently experiencing a decline in case counts, with a total of 109,580 cases to date and growing concern nationwide about the virus’s emerging variants, it’s hard to say the state has "come through" the pandemic.  Noem’s statement on South Dakota’s performance cherry-picked the data, emphasizing the state’s economy while giving less weight to the lives lost and burden of disease its residents suffered. We rate it .
Statement: He "stood up to Barack Obama by passing legislation that prevents you from being forced to join government health plans or buy health insurance against your will.
Speaker: judson hill
About the speaker: Judson Hill is a Republican state senator from Marietta.
Date: June 21, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: a campaing mailer
Fact-check justification: Georgia only joined the suit after Gov. Sonny Perdue found a team of attorneys willing to fight the federal legislation at no cost to the state. While it's  that SB 411 did stand up to the Obama-backed health care overhaul, it's far from clear that the law can actually be enforced. There is a chance that the bill, in the future, will allow Georgians to opt out of federal health care requirements. But for now, that pronouncement is premature. We rate Hill's  .
Statement: Says Gov. Rick Scott cut state funding for PBS.
Speaker: florida voter
About the speaker: These are claims made about politicians from Florida voters that are then repeated in the news media.
Date: August 17, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: a robocall from the Pink Slip Rick website, played on MSNBC's "Rachel Maddow" show
Fact-check justification: When Pink Slip Rick put out the call to robocall Gov. Scott, Chris S. was among the callers. He said to Scott: "I really can't believe that you cut PBS of all things. My kids sit around and watch PBS in the early morning. They learn so much from it. And to have the state cut funding for PBS is despicable."  The caller is right that Scott vetoed $4.8 million in state funding for public radio and TV, but the particular impact the caller cites -- cuts to children's programs -- are not expected. We rate this  .
Statement: He was offered medical care for his injuries if he would give up military information in return. John McCain said, 'No.'
Speaker: fred thompson
About the speaker: Fred Thompson was a U.S. senator from Tennessee from 1994 to 2003. He graduated from Memphis State University and earned a law degree at Vanderbilt University. Thompson practiced law and served a variety of government counsel positions, including as minority counsel for the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities ("Watergate Committee"). In his acting career Thompson has appeared in 18 films, and recently worked as a TV actor, playing a prosecutor on the series Law and Order. Thompson was born in Alabama in 1942. He has been married to Jeri Kehn since 2002, and has four children, two from his first marriage. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 22, 2008.
Date: September 2, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a speech at the Republican National Convention
Fact-check justification: I didn't intend to keep my word, reasoning that after my injuries had been treated, I would be strong enough to deal with the consequences of not holding up my end of the bargain,'' McCain wrote. As for never cooperating with Vietnamese, McCain also admits he eventually gave up information about his ship and Navy squadron. "I regret very much having done so,'' he wrote. Thompson needs to get his story straight. This  is .
Statement: There are twice as many gun shops as McDonald's in the United States.
Speaker: markel hutchins
About the speaker: The Rev. Markel Hutchins is an Atlanta-based community activist. He is best known for his work with the family of a 92-year-old woman shot and killed by Atlanta police officers during a botched drug raid in 2007.
Date: February 4, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: guns
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: To sum up, Hutchins said there were twice as many gun shops than McDonald’s restaurants in the United States. There are numbers we found that support his argument. But this , like many we’ve tackled, is not as simple as it seems. His overall point seems accurate -- there are a lot of places to buy guns in the United States. Our rating: .
Statement: New York is the safest big city in the nation, and our crime reductions have been steeper than any other big city's.
Speaker: michael bloomberg
About the speaker: Michael Bloomberg was mayor of New York City from 2002 to 2013. The billionaire co-founded Bloomberg LP, a financial information and media company, in 1981. On Nov. 24, 2019, he announced his candidacy for the 2020 Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on March 4, 2020.
Date: August 18, 2013
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime;urban
Context: the "Washington Post"
Fact-check justification: Bloomberg said, "New York is the safest big city in the nation, and our crime reductions have been steeper than any other big city’s." Both the FBI and criminologists express concern about making this type of multi-city comparison, and other measures, such as violent crime, don’t put New York at the No. 1 slot. Still, the numbers do broadly back up his . We rate the  .
Statement: This "footage" shows Russia attacking Ukraine.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 24, 2022
Location: national
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Similar clips of the gameplay can be viewed on YouTube. The second video of the missiles has been circulating on the internet since at least December 2021 and depicts a teaser clip from a video game named "War Thunder." Readers and social media users should always be cautious when seeing or sharing images and videos in breaking news scenarios.    These clips aren’t real and do not show the current fighting in Ukraine. .
Statement: Says the Texas Department of Agriculture didn't notify over 700 Texas students about a computer hack releasing critical personal information including Social Security numbers until 32 days after the breach.
Speaker: trey blocker
About the speaker: Trey Blocker, a lawyer who has worked as a lobbyist and legislative aide, seeks the 2018 Republican nomination for Texas agriculture commissioner.
Date: January 24, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: agriculture;education;food;privacy issues
Context: the Odessa American
Fact-check justification: Blocker said the department led by Miller didn’t notify more than 700 Texas students about a computer hack releasing critical personal information including Social Security numbers until 32 days after the breach. This  has an element of  in that the agency alerted districts to a malware attack exposing personal information nearly a month after the attack--though that time lag wasn't unusual, experts told us. Most significantly, the agency says it hasn't confirmed the capture or misuse of any personal information from the laptop. As a result, we found no support for Blocker's  that the incident "resulted in a loss of the most personal of information." On balance, we rate Blocker’s statement .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Trump has "worked with Congress to pass more legislation in his first 100 days than any president since Truman.
Speaker: sean spicer
About the speaker: Sean Spicer is former press secretary to President Donald Trump. Previously, he was the communications director for the Republican National Committee.
Date: April 25, 2017
Location: national
Topics: congress
Context: the daily White House press briefing
Fact-check justification: Spicer said Trump has "worked with Congress to pass more legislation in his first 100 days than any president since Truman." In the first 100 days of his first full term, Truman signed 55 bills. The president with the highest count since then is Trump with 28. None of the bills Trump has signed so far are major pieces of legislation, so it doesn’t indicate that Trump has been particularly skilled at getting his agenda through Congress so far. We rate Spicer’s  .
Statement: Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer bans buying US flags during lockdown.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 13, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: While the order places certain limits on how goods are sold, it does not ban Michiganders from buying any item, including flags.   Shelter-in-place orders around the country have disrupted daily life and in some cases made it more difficult to obtain everything from toilet paper to appliances. It’s possible that it could be harder for someone in Michigan, or other states, to buy an American flag. But that’s different from the governor banning residents from making such a purchase.   We rate this blog post .
Statement: Says Ohio has 77 job training programs spread across 13 state agencies.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: an interview with The Plain Dealer
Fact-check justification: "Nobody knows what anyone’s doing." The point the governor is arguing is that the state does not have a strategic plan for how to address workforce training, instead it has a bunch of individual programs working in isolation. The administration is working to change that approach. Our point here is not to argue which job training approach is best, but rather to check the governor’s  that there are 77 programs spread through 13 agencies. On the -O-Meter, we rate the governor’s comment as .