chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: 1928 was last time Republicans had the White House, the House and the Senate.
Speaker: ann coulter
About the speaker: Ann Coulter is a conservative columnist and author.
Date: November 9, 2016
Topics: history;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Coulter tweeted, "1928 was last time Republicans had the White House, the House and the Senate." Republican president George W. Bush served from 2001 to 2009, during that time there were two Congresses with Republican majorities in the Senate and House, 108th Congress (2003-2005) and 109th Congress (2005-2007). We rate Coulter’s statement .
Statement: Says "in our gun laws we're allowing domestic abusers to sidestep this ban on getting a gun. The loophole allows a convicted abuser to walk into a gun show and walk out with a gun, no questions asked.
Speaker: frank lautenberg
About the speaker: Frank Lautenberg is a Democratic senator representing New Jersey.
Date: April 26, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: crime;women;guns
Context: a speech on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: Lautenberg said that "in our gun laws we’re allowing domestic abusers to sidestep this ban on getting a gun. The loophole allows a convicted abuser to walk into a gun show and walk out with a gun, no questions asked." That statement is  because federal law does not require individuals who are not federally licensed to perform background checks before a gun transaction, whether they are at a gun show or not. Though laws can vary state to state and some states have passed laws that have essentially closed that loophole, this does not diminish Lautenberg’s statement. He was speaking on the Senate floor about federal law. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: A photo of Muslim women with the words "Down with the USA" written on their hands was taken in Michigan.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 10, 2019
Topics: fake news;iran;religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A social media post claims an image of Muslim women with "Down with the USA" written on their hands was taken in Michigan. The photograph is not from anywhere in the United States. The image was taken in 2013, at a protest in Tehran, Iran. This is !
Statement: Over the last few decades, the income of the top 1 percent grew by more than 275 percent -- to an average of $1.3 million a year.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 14, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;income;wealth
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: "By using an average," Kessler wrote, "Obama is able to cite a much higher figure." But it’s also important to stress that the numbers Obama used come from agencies respected for independence. These three points, while helpful in painting a fuller picture, do not diminish the accuracy of the numbers or the context in which the president delivered them. Knowing them, though, provides some clarification. As such, we rate Obama’s statement .
Statement: In May we generated more jobs than all the rest of the country combined: 28,000 jobs in May for the state, 54,000 for the entire country.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: June 23, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: jobs
Context: comments at a bill signing
Fact-check justification: Scott accurately repeated an official statistic. But there's also a strong argument that the wild economic ride of recent years has made it challenging to accurately account for seasonal changes. Two economists we talked to say this undermines the credibility of Scott's  — though we should note two others didn't mention the issue. But in light of a common federal statistic that shows the state may have actually lost jobs in May, the governor should have been more measured in his public trumpeting. We rate his statement .
Statement: Under President Barack Obama's watch, "oil production on federal lands has decreased 14 percent over the past year.
Speaker: jack kingston
About the speaker: Jack Kingston, a Republican, is a former U.S. Representative from Georgia and a political commentator.
Date: April 12, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: energy
Fact-check justification: We’re also not taking issue with Kingston’s oil production data. Our issue is context, and that’s where Kingston runs into trouble. He cherry-picked the most unflattering oil production numbers under the Obama administration and ignored the impact of events well outside the president’s control: changes in technology, decades of presidential policy, and most importantly, the Deepwater Horizon spill. Kingston’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. According to PolitiFact’s rules, this earns Kingston a .
Statement: As mayor of Newark, N.J., Cory Booker "stole $600,000 from a city water authority and laundered it through his law firm.
Speaker: roger stone
About the speaker: Roger Stone is a veteran political consultant usually for Republicans. He was a consultant for the Donald Trump campaign during the summer of 2015. He lives in Fort Lauderdale.
Date: September 28, 2018
Location: national
Topics: city government
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In a 2018 video, Roger Stone claimed Cory Booker "stole $600,000 from a city water authority and laundered it through his law firm." The video has recently resurfaced on Twitter. That  is related to a decade-long corruption scandal involving the Newark Watershed Conservation and Development Corp., which Booker oversaw as mayor and ex-officio chairman. At least nine people have been indicted or sentenced in connection with the bribery scheme. But there is no , based on court records and other existing reporting, that the former mayor contributed to the scheme. As to Stone’s specific , there is no public paper trail connecting Booker being paid by a former law firm, and that firm being paid from the watershed. Stone is using two independent facts to create a conspiracy. We rate his  .
Statement: Says that people "went out in their boats to watch" Hurricane Harvey.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 6, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: natural disasters ;recreation;weather
Context: a conference call about hurricane season
Fact-check justification: Trump, saluting Coast Guard rescues accomplished when hurricanes battered the U.S., also said: "People went out in their boats to watch" Hurricane Harvey. The White House didn’t provide nor did we find confirmation of people venturing out on boats to watch the hurricane. The boats we saw people using in Houston and elsewhere were to evacuate flooded homes and neighborhoods. We rate this statement .  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Texas is home to more feral pigs than any other state — an estimated 50 percent to 75 percent of all feral swine in the nation.
Speaker: southwest farm press
About the speaker: Southwest Farm Press, a publication, says it serves farmers and ranchers in Texas and neighboring Oklahoma and New Mexico. It's part of Illinois-based Farm Progress, which brings together 24 agricultural and ranching magazines.
Date: January 22, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: agriculture;animals;population
Context: a news story
Fact-check justification: The publication said: "Texas is home to more feral pigs than any other state — an estimated 50 percent to 75 percent of all feral swine in the nation." Texas remains home to the most feral hogs, we confirmed, though several states topped by Oklahoma lately have more hogs per 100 residents. It looks otherwise like Texas accounts for about one third of the nation’s feral swine--considerably short of 50 percent to 75 percent. We rate this since-modified  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Ron Wyden spent $2 million "to study exotic ants.
Speaker: jim huffman
About the speaker:  
Jim Huffman has taught at Lewis & Clark Law School since 1973. He became acting dean in 1993 and dean from 1994 to 2006. Huffman graduated from Montana State University and earned a masters from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. He received his law degree from the University of Chicago Law School.
Date: September 17, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: message machine 2010;science;stimulus
Context: a television/web ad
Fact-check justification: At Politifact Oregon, we think it would be fair to say that Wyden’s vote did eventually lead to the funding of a study of exotic ants. But it happened in such a roundabout way that Huffman’s  that "Wyden spent $2 million dollars to study exotic ants" is disingenuous. Wyden voted for a bill that, despite being thousands and thousands of words long never mentions the word "ants." Instead it directed more money to the National Science Foundation, which then distributed the funds as it saw fit. PolitiFact Oregon rates the  .   Comment on this item.
Statement: Bill Nelson voted for a ban on millions of commonly owned firearms, which included many popular hunting and target rifles.
Speaker: national rifle association
About the speaker: An advocacy group that fights restrictions on the right to bear arms.
Date: September 4, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: on NRA ILA's website
Fact-check justification: The NRA said that "Bill Nelson voted for a ban on millions of commonly owned firearms, which included many popular hunting and target rifles." In 2004, Nelson voted to extend the 1994 assault weapons ban. Yes, some hunters used the types of firearms that were then banned. But the ban applied to newly manufactured weapons, and gun makers quickly found ways to tweak banned guns to create "after ban" guns. Hunters or sportsmen still had plenty of choices -- literally hundreds since the ban explicitly listed more than 600 weapons used for hunting that remained legal. We rate this  .
Statement: Research shows that 1 percent of licensed dealers supply a whopping 57 percent of the guns that are recovered in crimes.
Speaker: cory booker
About the speaker: Cory Booker is a senator from New Jersey. He was first elected to the Senate in 2013, making him the first African-American senator from New Jersey and the first African-American elected to the Senate since Barack Obama in 2004. Booker served as mayor of Newark from 2006 until 2013. He has a bachelor's degree in political science and a master’s degree in sociology from Stanford University, an honors degree in United States history from The Queens College as a Rhodes Scholar and a J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and suspended his campaign in January 2020.
Date: March 14, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;guns
Context: a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Booker said, "Research shows that 1 percent of license dealers supply a whopping 57 percent of the guns that are recovered in crimes. Booker made his  in the present tense, but the data that backs his point is almost 20 years old. We do not have better data to represent the current picture. The 2000 report traced the purchases of guns used in crimes back to the original dealer. But it didn’t take into account whether the firearm changed hands, illegally or legally, before it was used in a crime. That said, Booker is relying on the latest, best data available. Booker’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important information about the study's age. We rate this  .
Statement: Sarasota, Florida, teachers told they cannot purchase books, accept donated reading materials, order from Scholastic or hold book fairs.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 22, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: education;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that Sarasota teachers were told they cannot purchase books, accept donated reading materials, order from Scholastic or hold book fairs. Sarasota County Schools asked teachers to temporarily stop accepting donations and to halt purchases of library materials to allow Florida's Department of Education to issue guidance on a new law. However, the district didn't prohibit book fairs or Scholastic book orders.   The post is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Heroin and prescription opioids are "the number one cause of accidental or preventable death in Wisconsin.
Speaker: brad schimel
About the speaker: Republican Brad Schimel was elected in 2006 as the district attorney in Waukesha County, which borders Milwaukee County. He was the GOP nominee for Wisconsin attorney general in the November 2014 election, and defeated Susan Happ to win the office. After he was defeated in November 2018, he was appointed a circuit court judge in Waukesha County.
Date: August 15, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: drugs;health care;crime;public health
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Schimel said heroin and prescription opioidss are "the number one cause of accidental or preventable death in Wisconsin." Schimel acknowledged to us that he misspoke and in fact opioid deaths are down the list. The latest figures, for 2012, show falls was the leading causes of accidental death in Wisconsin. Tied for second were motor vehicle deaths and drug overdose of all types -- including 511 deaths from heroin or prescription opioids. We rate the statement .
Statement: Obama supports "teaching schoolchildren — in 2nd grade, no less — about homosexual relationships.
Speaker: focus on the family action
About the speaker: Focus on the Family Action is the lobbying arm of Focus on the Family, an organization founded by evangelical Christian Dr. James Dobson.
Date: March 26, 2008
Location: national
Topics: education;lgbtq
Context: a Web article
Fact-check justification: But there's nothing in Obama's stated education platform that speaks to any initiative to require or encourage teaching second-graders about homosexuality. In fact, the question in the debate was whether the candidates would be comfortable if that book was taught to their child in school. Obama said he would be okay with it. Focus on the Family's statement is a stretch at best. We rate the statement .
Statement: We raised the minimum wage to $15 first in city government. Now, working together with people in Albany, it's the law of the state.
Speaker: bill de blasio
About the speaker: Bill de Blasio is the mayor of New York City. He has been mayor since 2014. De Blasio received a bachelor’s degree in metropolitan studies from New York University and a master’s degree in international affairs from Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in September.
Date: February 13, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: economy;labor
Context: his 2017 State of the City address
Fact-check justification: De Blasio said during his State of the City address that "we raised the minimum wage to $15 first in city government. Now, working together with people in Albany, it's the law of the state." De Blasio trailed the pack on this issue. Three other cities in New York state gave their public employees a raise before New York City. An increase for state and SUNY workers also came before his action. Fast-food workers were the first to get a raise. He did raise the New York City wage before the State Legislature enacted a statewide wage increase. While that part of his statement is accurate, his  leaves out important details and ignores other facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Kyle Rittenhouse files a $60 million lawsuit against Joy Behar and Whoopi Goldberg.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 28, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This  originated on Potatriots Unite , a self-described satire site. The story with a headline saying the Rittenhouse sued Behar and Golberg is labeled as "Weird Hero Fetish Satire." The story quotes "the family's spokesman, Joe Barron," but the actual spokesperson for the Rittenhouse family, David Hancock, told the Associated Press that the  isn’t  . "The Rittenhouse team, Kyle and the rest of his lawyers, have not filed any legal actions against any organizations or any person in particular," Hancock said.   We rate this post .
Statement: Bill Clinton passed a law in 1996 that separated children from adults illegally entering America.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 18, 2018
Topics: immigration;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: A tweet by Education4Liberals tried to point out liberal hypocrisy toward immigrant family separations, saying "Bill Clinton passed a law in 1996 that separated children from adults illegally entering America." There is no law separating children from their parents when they enter the country illegally. The Trump administration chose to pursue that outcome as a result of its zero-tolerance policy. Clinton signed a significant immigration crackdown into law, but it  related to immigrants who were already living in the United States with criminal convictions, indirectly impacting some immigrant children. The Flores agreement of 1997 mandated that unaccompanied children be placed in the least restrictive setting while awaiting an immigration hearing, but that allows for a few options so that children are not required to be separated from their parents. We rate this statement .
Statement: It has been over 80 years since a lame-duck president appointed a Supreme Court justice.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: February 13, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: supreme court
Context: Greenville, S.C
Fact-check justification: Rubio said, "It has been over 80 years since a lame-duck president appointed a Supreme Court justice." The most recent contradiction of this  would be Reagan’s nomination of Kennedy. Kennedy was nominated in November 1987 and confirmed during Reagan’s final year of office in February 1988. Reagan’s timeline doesn’t exactly line up with what Obama faces; Reagan had more time between his nomination and the end of his presidency. But it’s hard for us to see how Obama can be considered a lame duck but not Reagan. Both were second-term presidents who knew they would not serve again but did not yet know who their successor would be. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Wisconsin payday loans have a 574% average annual interest rate, "exploitative lending that keeps Americans trapped in debt
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: May 10, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: That’s in line with the numbers reported by a national group that tracks these numbers. But Sanders labeled that the average rate, when it is actually the "mode," or most common rate among the largest lenders. The state figures that calculate an actual average show a rate of 486% — slightly lower, but still astronomical and still among the highest rates in the nation. These rates can, as Sanders said, create a cycle that leaves consumers "trapped in debt." We rate Sanders’  .
Statement: Quarterbacks "won the (Super Bowl) MVP more than 50 percent of the time.
Speaker: marshall faulk
About the speaker: Marshall Faulk is an NFL Network analyst and former running back for the St. Louis Rams.
Date: January 28, 2014
Topics: sports;punditfact
Context: comments on the NFL Network
Fact-check justification: For his MVP pick, Irvin chose Broncos wide receiver Wes Welker. Wide receivers and running backs are the next most likely positions for MVP, but they far and away trail the quarterbacks. (It’s a lot tougher for defense. The last defensive player to win the award was Tampa Bay Buccaneers safety Dexter Jackson in 2003.) We rate Faulk’s  .