chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton "wants to increase Syrian refugees to this country by 550 percent.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: September 4, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration;human rights;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Pence pointed to a real policy distinction between the Republican and Democratic presidential nominees when he said that Clinton "wants to increase Syrian refugees to this country by 550 percent." Trump is opposed to refugee settlement, while Clinton supports it, and at a greater number than Obama’s current policy. Clinton supported allowing in 65,000 refugees when Obama supported a 10,000 figure. (The refugees would be screened.) That’s a 550 percent increase. The UN has determined that about 478,000 Syrian refugees are in need of resettlement. The statement is accurate and we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f5c92c56-bd8d-4a39-b2c5-58a7fed58505
Statement: The president's first major foreign policy speech in Cairo was to apologize for our country.
Speaker: kelly ayotte
About the speaker: Kelly Ayotte is a U.S. Senator representing New Hampshire as a Republican. She was the first woman to serve as her state's attorney general. Appointed to that position in 2004 by a Republican governor, she was twice reappointed by a Democratic governor.
Date: July 29, 2012
Location: new hampshire
Topics: foreign policy
Context: an interview on CNN’s “State of the Union”
Fact-check justification: While Obama's speeches have contained some criticisms of past U.S. actions, those passages were typically leavened by praise for the United States and its ideals, and he frequently mentioned how other countries have erred as well. The same is  when zeroing in on Obama’s Cairo speech, when the President never included the words "sorry," "apologize," "error," or even "regret." It’s  for Romney, and now Ayotte, to portray any of these speeches as apologies. PolitiFact has regularly found Romney’s angle--that Obama’s trips were intended to offer the president a forum to apologize to other countries--to be a  charge. There’s a clear difference between changing policies and apologizing, and Obama didn’t do the latter. However, Romney charged that the President went on global apology tour, while Ayotte cited only one stop along that tour. Still, for parroting Romney’s repeatedly refuted , we give Ayotte a . Note: Ayotte’s response was added to this item Tuesday evening after it was originally published.
Statement: Our economy created over 6.5 million new jobs just last year, more jobs in one year than ever before in the history of the United States of America.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: March 1, 2022
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: his State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "Our economy created over 6.5 million new jobs just last year, more jobs in one year than ever before in the history of the United States of America." He accurately cited the raw number of jobs created and the fact that it was bigger than any previous year for which data is available. However, looking at the percentage increase — a fairer way to compare 80-plus years of data — 2021 did not set a record. Going back to 1940, the percentage increase seen in 2021 was exceeded 10 times. Also, since different presidents have been sworn in at different points in the economic cycle, Biden’s comparison to his predecessors is not really apples-to-apples. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: We know that President Obama stole over $500 billion out of Medicare to switch it over to Obamacare.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: September 12, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: But the law attempts to curtail the rapid growth of future Medicare spending, not cut current funding. Additionally, the money was not "stolen." Congress reduced spending on a program through its normal legislative process. That kind of rhetoric is deceptive, and it undermines Bachmann's basic point. We rate her statement .
Statement: We're the only nation in the world that does not use the military to secure our border.
Speaker: gary painter
About the speaker: Gary Painter, the Midland County sheriff, is in his seventh term in that office.
Date: May 10, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;homeland security;military
Context: a Midland Reporter-Telegram news story
Fact-check justification: Painter said the U.S. stands alone in the world in not using the military to secure "our border." We didn’t have to go far to prove Painter . Canada is one of many countries that rely on federal patrols, not the military, to handle border oversight, just as the United States does. The sheriff might’ve seen some border-guarder troops in war-torn lands in TV news reports, but that’s not factual basis for this . !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Our new (health care) plans are up to 60% less expensive and better" than Obamacare.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 4, 2020
Topics: health care;health check
Context: his State of the Union address to Congress
Fact-check justification: Trump said these are new plans that are 60% cheaper and better. But short-terms plans are not a new idea. Just how much cheaper they are depends on a lot of factors, experts told us. And it’s very hard to examine them in an apples-to-apples comparison with ACA plans, which cover far more and are required to accept all applicants. Given the limitations of short-term plans, they’re not better than ACA plans for most people, because policyholders could face potentially significant financial risk — or find their treatment needs are not covered. They’re definitely not better for people who qualify for federal subsidies to buy ACA insurance, especially those at the lower end of that income range, where the subsidies are larger. That said, a short-term plan may be better than going without coverage at all, particularly for a young or otherwise healthy person, whose income is above subsidy limits. We rate this  as .
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "has reversed his position on immunity" for gun manufacturers and sellers.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: January 17, 2016
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;guns
Context: comments during the South Carolina Democratic presidential debate
Fact-check justification: So is Clinton right that Sanders flip-flopped on immunity for gun manufacturers and sellers? Sanders voted for the 2005 measure that provided broad liability exclusions for gunmakers and sellers. After months of Sanders and his staff defending the vote, Sanders’ position started to evolve in October. Sanders’ position three months ago -- that he would "take another look" at the liability question -- is consistent with his Jan. 16 news release saying he supported a proposal to rescind the immunity provisions. But to look back only to October doesn’t tell the full story, ignoring not only the 2003 and 2005 votes but also several instances in which Sanders or his staff defended those votes in interviews between June 2015 and early January 2016. That sounds like a flip-flop to us, so we rate Clinton’s statement .
Statement: Ukrainian "attack destroys skyscraper in Moscow.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 4, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But the unfinished building wasn’t destroyed, the Express says. "The fire was put out before the fire brigade arrived, with only scaffolding burned, according to the Tass news agency in Russia, citing various sources." A Polish news organization, also citing the Tass agency, said "the fire affected one square meter of space." We didn’t see any credible reports tying the fire to a Ukrainian attack, or any attack.   We rate this post .
Statement: Nancy Pelosi explains how Democrats demonize political opponents through the "wrap-up smear.
Speaker: youtube videos
About the speaker: Videos uploaded to YouTube.
Date: January 25, 2021
Location: national
Topics: negative campaigning;facebook fact-checks
Context: YouTube videos
Fact-check justification: A YouTube video appears to show Pelosi describing how to demonize political opponents through a tactic called the "wrap-up smear." The video takes Pelosi of context and misleadingly captions her remarks. The full transcript and clip of her comments shows that she was actually criticizing Republicans for engaging in smear tactics, not advocating that Democrats do so.  !
Statement: Says Joe Biden said, "This country is doomed, not just because of African Americans, but because by 2040 this country is going to be minority white European.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 22, 2021
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post showing a clip of then President-elect Biden and Vice President-elect Harris claims to show Biden saying the country is "doomed" because of African Americans and Hispanic Americans, and that white Europeans will decrease in number. The clip takes out of context that Biden said, "if we cannot make significant progress on racial equity, this country is doomed." This deceptive editing leaves viewers with the impression that Biden made racist remarks to civil rights leaders. He did not. We rate this post . Join PolitiFact LIVE on May 10-13 for a festival of fact-checking with Dr. Anthony Fauci!  Register today >>
Statement: Sen. McCain's economic plan gives nearly $4-billion in tax breaks to the oil companies but doesn't provide any tax relief to more than 100-million middle-class families.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 18, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a statement e-mailed to reporters
Fact-check justification: The Tax Policy Center says McCain's policy proposals collectively would reduce the tax exposure of 60 percent of all American households, though fewer than half of those making between $18,981 and $37,595. The analysis backs up Obama's broad contention that McCain's tax policy is weighted to give the largest benefit to higher-income taxpayers. However, it's  to say McCain's plan would provide no relief to middle-class Americans. Its more generous exemption for dependents and lower tax rates would cut across income levels and reduce or eliminate many taxpayers' AMT exposure. For this reason, we rule the Obama campaign's statement .
Statement: Says she will "work to raise the federal minimum wage back to the highest level it's ever been — $12 an hour in today's dollars.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: February 12, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;workers
Context: a column posted on Medium.com
Fact-check justification: Clinton said she will "work to raise the federal minimum wage back to the highest level it’s ever been — $12 an hour in today’s dollars." The minimum wage has never previously been "$12 an hour in today’s dollars" -- it’s gone as high as $10.69 an hour. However, Clinton has a point using other economic data. The data suggests that a $12 minimum wage would be similar to the 1968 wage when compared to median wages at the time. Clinton’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: United Airlines flight attendant slaps crying baby during flight.
Speaker: now8news.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: April 10, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: There’s no indication on Now8News.com that it posts fabricated content, although its Facebook page notes that it publishes "what the Main Stream Media won't tell you, and a little BS too." PunditFact has written about the site before, when it posted a  story that said a Black Lives Matter supporter had killed 19 white women and hidden their mutilated bodies in a freezer. This made-up story looked to draw in readers by piling on a controversial incident on a United flight. Readers no doubt would be fooled into thinking this was real, too. We rate it !
Statement: One out of every five people that the federal government charges with murder is an illegal alien.
Speaker: matt gaetz
About the speaker: Matt Gaetz was elected to Congress in 2016 representing Florida's 1st District. He was elected to the Florida House of Representatives serving District 4 in 2010. His father is former Sen. Don Gaetz.
Date: February 7, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;homeland security;crime
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: Gaetz said, "One out of every five people that the federal government charges with murder is an illegal alien." Information provided by his office is outdated and does not directly back what he said. He relied on 2016 federal sentencing data that said nearly 20 percent of "illegal aliens" were sentenced for murder that year (out of 84 people sentenced). The latest numbers available are from 2017, and reflect a much lower percentage. Of 72 people sentenced in 2017, 6.9 percent were "illegal aliens." Federal sentencing data from 2006 through 2017 shows that 7.85 was the average percentage of "illegal aliens" sentenced for murder over that period. Most murder convictions and sentences happen at the state, not federal level. There isn’t comprehensive national data on crimes committed by immigrants in the country illegally. The  is . We rate it .
Statement: Rural schools enroll 40 percent of American children, but receive only 22 percent of federal education funding.
Speaker: john edwards
About the speaker: John Edwards is a former U.S. senator from North Carolina who was John Kerry's running mate in 2004. A personal injury attorney, Edwards was born in South Carolina in 1953 and now lives in Chapel Hill, N.C. He graduated from North Carolina State University and earned a law degree from the University of North Carolina Law School. He is married to Elizabeth Edwards, who has been diagnosed with cancer. They have three children; a fourth was killed in an auto accident. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: September 21, 2007
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: Des Moines, Iowa
Fact-check justification: That fits with the National Center for Education Statistics breakdown of figures in a June 2007 report.
 That report shows that rural schools account for 31 percent of the nation's schools and enroll 21.3 percent of the nation's students. Those schools get 18 percent of all federal funding, not 22 percent, the NCES report further shows. That's actually lower than what Edwards said, but since the enrollment is half of what Edwards claimed, the big disparity he was seeking to illustrate just isn't there. Using sources provided by his own campaign, we rate this Edwards statement to be "."
Statement: Says Emmanuel Macron said, "I no longer have any intention of sacrificing my life, my time, my freedom and the adolescence of my daughters, as well as their right to study properly, for those who refuse to be vaccinated.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 21, 2021
Topics: coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "  She also posted it on Instagram.   In both posts Lucarelli quotes Macron making the second two statements that appear in the Instagram post misattributing her own words to the French president.   He did describe France as a country of science, Enlightenment and Louis Pasteur , though the exact translation appears differently online depending on the source. But he didn’t make the other statement that is spreading on social media.   We rate that .
Statement: The government must have planned the coronavirus pandemic because the coronavirus relief bill had been introduced three years earlier.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 26, 2020
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: on social media
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts said the government must have planned the coronavirus pandemic because the coronavirus relief bill had been introduced three years earlier. The introduction date cited in the post was off by two years, and the post is a misunderstanding of how the bill moved through Congress.  Because of a constitutional requirement that tax-related bills originate in the House, the senators who drew up the CARES Act used a common workaround, stripping an existing House-passed bill of its old text and inserting the new text into it.  So there’s nothing fishy about a coronavirus relief bill having been introduced prior to the pandemic’s emergence. The original text of the bill that eventually became the CARES Act was on an entirely different topic. We rate the statement .
Statement: The Social Security check is now (or soon will be) referred to as a 'Federal Benefit Payment.'
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 27, 2019
Topics: social security;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A social media post says that the government is reclassifying Social Security checks as  ‘federal benefit payments." There is no new designation for the disbursements. Social Security checks have always been considered federal benefit payments. We rate this .
Statement: Says the mayor's job "is to make sure that if somebody is trying to build a set of water treatment plants to cure us from cryptosporidium we don't have, we don't say yes even if CH2M Hill wants us to.
Speaker: jefferson smith
About the speaker: Jefferson Smith represents Oregon State House District 47.  He is a native of east Portland, the district he represents.
Date: April 30, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: city government;government regulation;message machine 2012;water
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: The broader point he was trying to make "is the power behind these big projects can be immense" and it can be far too easy for government to make decisions based on what powerful interest groups want rather than what’s important to the public. Certainly, large companies have the power to cajole officials into making some projects more important than others. But that’s not what Smith said at the debate. To the casual listener, Smith said that we don’t have cryptosporidium but we’re building plants to treat for it because a corporation wants us to. We find the statement .