chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Approving the constitutional amendment on Illinois' November ballot "would let the politicians immediately implement their plan to increase taxes on small businesses, farmers and large employers.
Speaker: coalition to stop the proposed tax hike amendment
About the speaker: The Coalition to Stop the Proposed Tax Hike Amendment is a political committee opposed to a measure on Illinois' November 2020 ballot that would allow the state to tax income at graduated rates if approved. 
Date: August 31, 2020
Location: illinois
Topics: elections;taxes
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The coalition’s ad says approving the amendment "would let the politicians immediately implement their plan to increase taxes on small businesses, farmers and large employers." Corporations will see an increase in their flat-rate income tax under the plan that takes effect if the amendment is approved. But only a wealthy subset of small businesses, which generally pass their profits to shareholders, would be affected — and data suggests that portion would be small. We rate this  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: A gallon (of gasoline) delivered to the front lines for our troops in Afghanistan cost more than $400.
Speaker: marcy kaptur
About the speaker: Marcy Kaptur represents Ohio's Ninth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. She was first elected to the House in 1982. She is the senior-most woman in the 111th Congress.
 
Date: May 9, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: afghanistan;energy
Context: Politico
Fact-check justification: So where does that leave Kaptur’s statement? Numerous sources have said it can cost as much as $400 per gallon to provide gas for troops in Afghanistan. That the statistic seems to be a high end number is a piece of information that provides clarification. On the -O-Meter, we rate her statement . Comment on this item .
Statement: My grandparents were proud immigrants to the United States of America, here to Illinois in the late 1800s. My grandparents did not speak English when they were young.
Speaker: bruce rauner
About the speaker: Bruce Rauner was elected governor of Illinois in 2014. He became the first Republican governor in the state in 12 years upon his inauguration in January 2015. The gubernatorial campaign was Rauner's first foray into politics. He previously had been a principal at the private equity firm GTCR in Chicago.
Date: August 28, 2017
Location: illinois
Topics: immigration
Context: a bill signing event
Fact-check justification: Bruce Rauner said his grandparents were immigrants from Sweden who came to the U.S. "in the late 1800s." We have no reason to doubt that Rauner’s grandparents meant the world to him. But the Census plainly refutes his  that they were immigrants. What’s more, both couldn’t have come to the U.S. in the late 1800s because they weren’t even born until the early 1900s — in Wisconsin, not Sweden. Rauner’s assertion in August that his grandparents immigrated to Illinois is yet another inaccuracy. Since we don’t have a time machine, we can’t say for certain what language was spoken in the Erickson and Wedin childhood homes. But to the extent that Rauner implies the Ericksons' facility with English was limited, Census reports refute that notion as well. Topping all that is the acknowledgement by Rauner himself in his 2014 Tribune interview that his grandparents were not immigrants. Still, he continued to repeat the  on many occasions. Census records and Rauner’s own admission show that this statement has no credibility. That is why it earns our lowest possible rating, .
Statement: Why would our president close the embassy to the Vatican? Hopefully, it is not retribution for Catholic organizations opposing Obamacare.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: November 27, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: health care;foreign policy;religion
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Bush said, "Why would our president close the embassy to the Vatican? Hopefully, it is not retribution for Catholic organizations opposing Obamacare." For starters, the United States is not going to "close" its embassy -- it’s relocating it to a place that’s closer to the Vatican and that is more secure, less expensive and more architecturally distinctive. In addition, the move didn’t originate with Obama. It has been in the works since George W. Bush -- Jeb Bush’s brother -- was president. Finally, we found no  to support the idea that the relocation was related to battles over Obamacare. We rate Bush’s  !
Statement: Says Joe Biden "helps build Afghanistan's pipeline.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 15, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;energy;foreign policy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A widely shared Facebook post claimed Biden "helps build Afghanistan’s pipeline." The U.S. has long supported the long-planned Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India natural gas pipeline, which would traverse Afghanistan.  Asked about the , the State Department said only that the U.S. has long supported regional cooperation in the area, including on energy infrastructure. Experts said no administration, including Biden’s, has provided tangible assistance on construction of the pipeline. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says he's not a politician.
Speaker: randy bryce
About the speaker: Democrat Randy Bryce, an Army veteran, union leader and iron worker, lives in Caledonia in Racine County, Wisconsin. In November 2018, he lost a bid for Wisconsin's 1st District congressional seat, which had been held by U.S. House Speaker Paul Ryan, a Janesville Republican. Bryce also lost races for the Wisconsin Legislature in 2012 and 2014 and lost a 10-way primary for the Racine County Board of Education in 2013.   
Date: May 6, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;congress;elections
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: And there is no universal definition of politician. But Bryce, who is active in the Democratic Party, is making his fourth run for public office in the past six years. And his current run is by far the most involved -- as the nearly $5 million he has raised, his national endorsements and leaving his job to campaign full time would attest. Bryce’s statement has some element of  but is . We rate it .
Statement: Says John Cox "parroted, parroted Trump — almost verbatim — on the children's separation issues at the border.
Speaker: gavin newsom
About the speaker: Gavin Newsom was elected governor of California in 2018. He is the state's former lieutenant governor and served as mayor of San Francisco. He is a Democrat.
Date: August 17, 2018
Location: california
Topics: immigration;criminal justice;crime;public safety;the 2018 california governor's race
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Democrat Gavin Newsom recently claimed his GOP opponent for governor John Cox "parroted" President Trump on the issue of family separations at the border. His statement, made right after a discussion of Cox’s policies, wrongly implies Cox supports separating immigrant families. Cox has repeatedly stated he opposes the policy. Cox and Trump have both said Congress should solve the issue, offering one parallel between the two. But even on this point, they’re not in lock-step. Trump has falsely blamed Democrats in Congress for forcing the separations, while Cox hasn’t made that specific charge. If anything, Cox has "parroted" one of Trump’s talking points about who should solve the problem. But he hasn’t backed Trump’s policy. Newsom’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .  –  The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.
Statement: The Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine "is not approved.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: September 2, 2021
Topics: drugs;government regulation;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a TikTok video
Fact-check justification: While the Pfizer vaccine "and other vaccines have met the FDA’s rigorous, scientific standards for emergency use authorization, as the first FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccine, the public can be very confident that this vaccine meets the high standards for safety, effectiveness, and manufacturing quality the FDA requires of an approved product," the FDA announcement said.   "While millions of people have already safely received COVID-19 vaccines, we recognize that for some, the FDA approval of a vaccine may now instill additional confidence to get vaccinated." Moderna announced on Aug. 25 that it has completed its application for  approval. Johnson & Johnson is expected to apply sometime in 2021. We rate the TikTok posts .
Statement: There is "aborted male fetus" in the Oxford-AstraZeneca "Covid 19 vaccine.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 15, 2020
Topics: abortion;public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video claims that there is "aborted Male fetus" in the Oxford-Astrazeneca "Covid 19 vaccine." The video incorrectly identifies the cell line used to grow the virus for the vaccine. The post also gives the impression that fetal tissue is included in the vaccine. The vaccine is created from a virus grown in a cell line derived from aborted fetal tissue. However, the cell line is purified away from the vaccine before it is used. It is  to  that the vaccine "contains" aborted fetal tissue.  The  is not accurate. We rate it . ​
Statement: Because of its higher minimum wage, New York State is "already showing signs of various companies picking up and leaving.
Speaker: michael long
About the speaker: Mike Long is the chairman of the Conservative Party of New York State.
Date: October 14, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: an interview on Capital Tonight
Fact-check justification: Long, the state’s Conservative Party chairman, said New York State is "already showing signs of various companies picking up and leaving" because of the new minimum-wage legislation. We found a handful of businesses that cited the higher minimum wage as a factor for closing. But we couldn't find any companies that relocated out of New York State because of the wage increase.  We rate this  as .
Statement: Says Ronald Reagan said immigrants "brought with them courage and the values of family, work, and freedom. Let us pledge to each other that we can make America great again.
Speaker: becoming american initiative
About the speaker: A conservative group, 501(c)(4) nonprofit organization, promoting immigrants' positive contributions to society.
Date: July 3, 2018
Location: national
Topics: immigration;history;homeland security
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: A Becoming American Initiative ad claimed Ronald Reagan said immigrants "brought with them courage and the values of family, work, and freedom. Let us pledge to each other that we can make America great again." The ad is based on a 1980 Labor Day campaign speech in New Jersey, where Reagan lauded immigrants’ contributions, while also listing his grievances with Carter and his own vision for America. Reagan didn’t say immigrants "made America great" verbatim, but he did imply it. The ad cuts out some of Reagan’s words to make the comments appear adjacent. We rate Becoming American Initiative’s statement .
Statement: Forty cents of every dollar being spent by the federal government is being borrowed from my children.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: June 28, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: federal budget
Context: a Fox News interview
Fact-check justification: "I hope the commission is successful, but I also hope to see the Tooth Fairy some day," Burman deadpanned. In short, we can't predict whether the Rubio children will be stuck with our tab. That is up to future policy decisions. What we do know is in this instance, when it comes to the hard numbers, father still knows best: The United States government spent 40 percent more than what it collected during the most recent fiscal year. We rate this  .
Statement: As Virginia lost over 65,000 jobs, (Tim) Kaine put partisan ambitions first" by serving as DNC chairman during the last year of his governorship.
Speaker: american crossroads
About the speaker: American Crossroads is a 527 campaign committee that supports Republican candidates.
Date: June 13, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;jobs;message machine 2012
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: American Crossroads said that while Kaine was governor and chairman of the DNC, Virginia lost more than 65,000 jobs. That number checks out and we could make an argument that the job loss was higher. But every state saw unemployment rise from January 2009 to January 2010. Virginia’s unemployment rate remained well below the national average. Governors have little control over their state economies in good times or bad. The suggestion that Kaine could have inoculated Virginia from a national recession had he not been DNC chairman is unrealistic. On balance, we rate American Crossroad’s  .
Statement: Says a photo shows Donald Trump kissing Ivanka Trump on the lips.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 25, 2018
Topics: candidate biography;families;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: He does not kiss her the way the Facebook post makes it appear.   You can watch the moment from a different angle in a clip accompanying this story from Time , which at the time reported on how Trump had "once again creeped out the Internet, this time with a ‘so inappropriate’ embrace of his daughter Ivanka."   But the criticism wasn’t about a kiss. Rather, some people objected to the way he touched his daughter’s hips.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says "the cascading effects" of climate change contributed to the rise of ISIS.
Speaker: martin o'malley
About the speaker: Martin O'Malley is the former governor of Maryland who is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He has also served as the mayor of Baltimore.
Date: September 10, 2015
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: interview with Democracy Now!
Fact-check justification: O’Malley argued that "the cascading effects" of climate change contributed to the rise of ISIS The O’Malley campaign referred us to a credible March 2015 study that supports his point. According to the study, a drought in Syria in the 2000s displaced millions of refugees and added to discontent that eventually erupted into war. While the study does not mention ISIS by name, the authors say O’Malley is simply taking their argument one step further. Experts agreed that the drought, spurred by climate change, was one of many factors that led to the Syrian conflict. O’Malley’s phrasing suggests he understands this and is careful not overstate it. We rate his  .
Statement: Trump revokes Barack Obama's security clearance.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 9, 2020
Topics: candidate biography;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  In summer 2018, news outlets reported that Trump apparently wanted to revoke Obama’s security clearances. But Trump tweeted that he was not considering pulling Obama’s national security clearance . Trump revoked the security clearance for former CIA director John Brennan that year. But not Obama’s.   We rate this blog post .
Statement: The 'Denver Post' has actually hired an editor to promote pot.
Speaker: bill o'reilly
About the speaker: Bill O'Reilly hosted The O'Reilly Factor on Fox News until 2017. He formerly worked as a television news reporter and has authored numerous books.
Date: December 9, 2013
Topics: after the fact;alcohol;drugs;punditfact;marijuana
Context: a broadcast of the "O'Reilly Factor"
Fact-check justification: O’Reilly said the Denver Post was a "far left concern" that had "actually hired an editor to promote pot". This goes to the newspaper's intent. The Denver Post said it planned to cover many aspects of the unfolding story of legalized marijuana in the state, ranging from policy and laws to the culture of pot users. While that coverage has yet to unfold, the stated goals of the Post do not match O’Reilly’s description of the newspaper’s intentions and we heard nothing from the show that supported O’Reilly’s view. We rate the  .
Statement: After pushing through a red flag law in the New Mexico Senate, Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham "has had the firearms of her guards and household seized.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 9, 2020
Topics: guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The laws allow police to petition a court to order the temporary removal of firearms from a person who may be dangerous, or to block the person from obtaining a firearm. After a set amount of time, the firearm is either returned to the person or the court order is extended. RELATED: How Florida’s red flag gun law works There is no  that guns were seized from Lujan Grisham’s home or from her security detail after passage of the law. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Kaleb Torres, a young spokesperson for Shriners Hospitals for Children, has died.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 25, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A social media post claims that Shriners patient ambassador Kaleb Torres recently died. This isn’t . The post confuses Torres with another boy, also named Kaleb, who died. We rate it .
Statement: Says former Rep. Michele Bachmann said that "White People Have Suffered More In The Last 8 Years Than Blacks Did During Couple Years Of Slavery.
Speaker: uspoln website
About the speaker: A fake news website that describes itself as a news/satire site.
Date: July 7, 2017
Topics: fake news;race and ethnicity;punditfact
Context: a post on the Internet
Fact-check justification: If you click on the button, the part about Bachmann’s comments on slavery falls into the "" category. Moral of the story: Liberal dislike of Bachmann has survived her retirement so strongly that it is able to carry multiple iterations of clickbait. The website USPOLN.com said in a post that Bachmann had said, "White People Have Suffered More In The Last 8 Years Than Blacks Did During Couple Years Of Slavery." Not only is USPOLN.com an acknowledged "satirical" site, but the post originated in August 2016 on another acknowledged purveyor of articles that it admits are partially . We rate the item .
Statement: Each Georgia taxpayer would have to send $5,000 to the treasury to cover the state's debt.
Speaker: truth in accounting
About the speaker: Truth in Accounting is a non-partisan think tank in Chicago.
Date: August 4, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: pensions;state budget;taxes
Context: a recent report
Fact-check justification: It’s a great way to get us to pay attention to the promises we’ve made with public dollars. The statement suggests that the state is being reckless, or that a one-time payment is coming soon. That is not the case. Georgia has been thoughtful about its looming obligations and positioned itself to pay down those debts over time. For that reason, we rate the  .
Statement: There was never a single shred of evidence presented to anyone" that the attacks in Benghazi, Libya, were "spontaneous, and in fact, the CIA themselves understood that early on.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: October 29, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Rubio said on CNN, "There was never a single shred of  presented to anyone that this was spontaneous, and in fact, the CIA themselves understood that early on." There was some initial confusion about what sparked the Sept. 11, 2012, attack. Although investigations showed that some officials thought it was a terrorist attack immediately, there at least appeared to be some question about whether the video could have played a role. Rubio  when he said there wasn’t a "single shred of ." There were several suggestions that it was because of a protest. However, he has a point that much of the early  pointed strongly to terrorism. Overall, we rate his statement .
Statement: Quotes Dr. Denis Mukwege as saying he resigned from the Congolese coronavirus response team because he was ordered to fabricate COVID-19 case and death numbers.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 4, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Panzi Foundation spokesperson also confirmed to PolitiFact that the quote is fabricated. On Twitter , Mukwege said any statements posted in his name were not genuine unless they appeared on his official social networks or websites.   Statements or press releases posted in my name but not appearing on our social networks @PanziFoundation @PanziUSA @MukwegeFound or our official sites https://t.co/ODQFGakgcm https://t.co/0DEwKkzxw1 https://t.co/KekC4StAma https://t.co/f0pTQFf4mr are not genuine.    Mukwege did resign from the coronavirus response team in Congo, but he never made the statement attributed to him in the post. We rate this .