chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says that after "the last income tax increase in the state of Illinois, we saw the largest exodus of middle-income families.
Speaker: bill brady
About the speaker: Bill Brady is the Illinois state senator for the 44th District and Senate Republican leader. He was narrowly defeated as the Republican challenger to Governor Pat Quinn in the 2010 election.
Date: June 18, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: population;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: While arguing against a Democratic plan to swap out Illinois’ flat income tax for a series of graduated rates, Brady said the last time the state increased its income tax, "we saw the largest exodus of middle-income families." Illinois last hiked its income tax in 2017 and data is not yet available for any year later than 2016, so there’s no way to assess how many middle-income Illinoisans have filed taxes in the state since it took effect. Brady’s office told us the senator meant to refer to low-income families, whose share of tax filings did decrease following the state’s second-to-last tax hike, IRS data show, while the returns from all other income groups grew. But that’s not what Brady said in his City Club speech, so we rate his  .  — The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Oprah Winfrey for years "pimped young Hollywood girls to Harvey Weinstein to be raped.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 9, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts  that Oprah Winfrey arranged for young Hollywood girls to be raped by Harvey Weinstein.  Winfrey was once friends with the disgraced entertainment mogul, as many others were, but there is no  to corroborate the  that she arranged or helped Weinstein sexually abuse women.  We rate this !
Statement: Says female genital mutilation is "a central African problem," not an Islamic problem, as Bill Maher suggested.
Speaker: reza aslan
About the speaker: Reza Aslan is a scholar of religions and author of several books, including Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth. He teaches at the University of California, Riverside.
Date: September 29, 2014
Topics: human rights;islam;religion;punditfact
Context: an interview on "CNN Tonight"
Fact-check justification: Aslan rejected Maher’s characterization of female genital mutilation as an Islamic problem, saying instead that it’s actually "a central African problem." Due to immigration, the term "central African" may be too restrictive, but his larger point -- that this is not a problem in only Muslim countries -- is valid. Countries with majority-Christian populations also carry out this practice, while Islamic-majority countries like Iraq and Yemen have rates on the lower side. We rate Aslan’s  .
Statement: Bodybuilder died from the COVID-19 vaccine.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 17, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post linked the death of a well-known bodybuilder to the COVID-19 vaccine. A coroner’s report listed his cause of death as a COVID-19 infection.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says President Obama "is reducing our naval fleet to 1917 levels...
Speaker: e.w. jackson
About the speaker: Earl Walker Jackson Sr. was the 2013 Republican nominee for lieutenant governor of Virginia. He lost to Democrat Ralph Northam. Jackson was previously an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nod in the 2012 U.S. Senate race.
Jackson served in the U.S. Marine Corps for three years. He graudated from the University of Massachusetts Boston in 1975 and earned a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1978. He practiced law in the Boston area for 15 years.
 In 1996, Jackson joined with the Christian Coalition to head "The Samaritan Project," an outreach program that distributed $500,000 to churches that were victim of arson. In 1998, he was consecrated a bishop and went on to establish Exodus Faith Ministries, a nondenominational church in Chesapeake.
Date: July 4, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: federal budget;military
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Jackson says Obama "is reducing our naval fleet to 1917 levels." Even if we give Jackson a break and start his comparison at the end of 1916 -- prior to the U.S. entry into World War I -- his statement has significant problems. No doubt, our military is facing cuts from sequestration and, if the automatic reductions for defense and domestic programs continue, the Navy has said its number of active ships could fall to pre-World War I levels. But this has not been a solo act by the president. Sequestration is the consequence of a bipartisan deal between Congress and the White House who, otherwise, haven’t agreed on a plan to reduce debt. And counting the historic size of the fleet, analysts tell us, is a flawed way to assess Naval might. What chance would you give the dreadnoughts of the early 20th century against today’s  nuclear-powered aircraft carriers and submarines? We rate Jackson’s statement .
Statement: Seattle authorities are investigating a string of serial killings.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 15, 2022
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that Seattle-area law enforcement agencies were investigating a possible serial killer and that multiple bodies had been discovered. Both the Seattle Police Department and King County Sheriff’s Office said publicly the reports are . We rate this  .
Statement: Says Nancy Pelosi on Aug. 31 blocked members of Congress from reading aloud on the House floor the names of the 13 U.S. service members killed in Afghanistan.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 31, 2021
Location: national
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks;florida
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Pro forma sessions are brief, and do not allow votes or legislative business, like new resolutions from the floor, or free speech periods. The only exceptions are when majority and minority leaders from both parties have approved a matter of legislative business for the session. Pelosi’s office said the Republican request wasn’t raised with Democrats before the session.    The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: The Madison-Milwaukee (high-speed) train line is dead.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: November 18, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: transportation
Context: a statement issued by a transition team leader
Fact-check justification: Scott Walker, via a top transition official, says the Madison-Milwaukee train is dead. But train backers -- some with large municipal budgets -- aren’t going away. Neither is the Sierra Club, Wisconsin Citizen Action, organized labor and other groups that have rallied on the project’s behalf. And neither is the Obama administration, which, for now, holds the purse strings on this project. The train may well be on its deathbed, it hasn’t yet passed to the stationhouse in the sky Just as LaHood’s pronouncement was premature -- and  -- this one is, too.
Statement: More than 100,000 people are waiting for public housing in Houston and people who are in the country illegally are taking their spaces.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: May 21, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;housing
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Carson said on Twitter: "There are more than 100,000 American citizens waiting for public housing in Houston, TX. Do you think they should continue to wait while people here illegally are taking their space?" There are more than 100,000 people waiting for public housing (or public housing vouchers) in Houston, but this waitlist doesn’t exist because individuals in the country illegally are taking up spots in public housing. Houston has struggled with a lack of available public housing for decades, a problem that has become worse in the wake of Hurricane Harvey. We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.
Statement: Says Mitt Romney said at a January 2012 debate that under Paul Ryan's tax plan, "I'd have paid no taxes in the last two years.
Speaker: paul begala
About the speaker: Paul Begala is an analyst for CNN and longtime Democratic strategist who came to national attention helping Bill Clinton win for president in 1992. He's a graduate of the University of Texas and UT School of Law.
Date: August 12, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;taxes
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: Contrary to Begala’s , Romney was not zeroing in on how he would fare under Ryan’s tax plan when he said he would have paid no taxes the past two years under "that plan." He spoke instead to Gingrich’s proposal to eliminate capital gains taxes for all taxpayers -- which Romney does not advocate. Like Gingrich, though, Ryan calls for wiping out the capital gains tax for everyone, leaving this  with an element of . We rate the statement .                                                                                                                                                                                                                            UPDATE, 11:20 am, Aug. 14, 2012 : After we posted this article, we were happy to hear back about Begala’s source for his . We added that information to the article. Our rating is unchanged.
Statement: Last year we had the eighth fastest-growing economy in the country in West Virginia.
Speaker: david mckinley
About the speaker: David McKinley is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from West Virginia.
Date: October 31, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: economy
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: McKinley said, "Last year we had the eighth fastest-growing economy in the country in West Virginia." The final data actually shows that West Virginia ranked quite a bit lower, at 19th. The state fared better using a different statistic that McKinley didn’t mention -- per-capita GDP growth, where it was tied for first. We rate the statement .
Statement: There have been 317 criminal indictments under three recent Republican presidents and only three indictments under three recent Democratic presidents.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 29, 2019
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said that there have been 317 criminal indictments under three recent Republican presidents and only three under three recent Democratic presidents. The  is essentially on target for the Democratic presidents, but the comparison to the GOP presidents is overstated, because the numbers of Trump and Nixon administration indictments claimed are greatly exaggerated.  Even so, with a generous count, there were roughly 142 people indicted in the three GOP presidents — far less than 317, but far more than the two under the Democrats. We rate the statement .
Statement: 95 percent of the world's customers are … beyond our shores.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 13, 2016
Topics: global news service;economy;trade
Context: San Diego
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "95 percent of the world’s customers are … beyond our shores." He’s right if you count the number of people across the globe who live outside the borders of the United States. However, since many members of that 95 percent are quite poor, framing the question as Biden did gives an overstated sense of how much that 95 percent will be consuming U.S. exports in the near future. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Biden said, "The day after I'm elected I will let you know what I stand for, bc if I tell you now it will be all over the news.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 8, 2020
Location: arizona
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says Biden said, "‘The day after I’m elected I will let you know what I stand for, bc if I tell you now it will be all over the news." Biden did not say this, and the quote does not accurately reflect his position. It’s a distortion of statements he has made about when he will state his view on whether to expand the Supreme Court. We rate this  .  This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: GDP is booming. Let's spread the prosperity to the middle class with big #TaxCuts. Our #TaxReform package doubles standard deduction, brings $$$ back home, and reduces rates for ALL taxpayers. We will #MAGA.
Speaker: lou barletta
About the speaker: Lou Barletta is a Republican U.S. Congressman representing Pennsylvania's 11th Congressional District. He's also running to unseat Democratic U.S. Sen. Bob Casey in the 2018 election.  
Date: November 29, 2017
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But that doesn’t mean that every single taxpayer will pay less in taxes in 2019. About 7 percent of taxpayers will see their tax rates increase in 2018. Barletta’s spokesman clarified that the tweet was in reference to every income category in 2019 under the House bill. However, the wording in the tweet misrepresented the cuts and increases taxpayers will receive that year. We rate the statement .
Statement: Only three in 10 young Americans under 30 -- 30 percent under 30 -- have full-time work.
Speaker: ron meyer
About the speaker: Ron Meyer Jr., a Republican, announced he would challenge Democratic Rep. Gerry Connolly for the 11th District seat in 2014. Afterwards, he decided to run for the Republican nomination for the 33rd state senate seat vacated by incoming attorney general Mark Herring. He was unsuccessful -- John Whitbeck won the GOP nod.
Born in 1989, Meyer says his youth gives him valuable insight into the problems facing young Americans, including a lackluster employment outlook. Meyer graduated from Principia College, Elsah, Ill., where he majored in political science. He formerly worked as a spokesman for Young America's Foundation and American Majority Action, conservative organizations. 
Date: April 29, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: jobs;workers
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Meyer said that 30 percent of the Americans younger than 30 had full-time jobs, but he misinterpreted data in a report. The study actually indicates that 43 percent of the age group had full time jobs. While Meyer’s number is off, his point holds up: a smaller portion of 18-29 year olds hold full time jobs today that before the recession. We rate his statement .
Statement: Because the Federal Reserve recently cut interest rates to near 0%, "the Fed will be of little consequence now. They've already used what leverage they have.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: March 15, 2020
Topics: economy;elections;financial regulation
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Biden said that because the Federal Reserve recently cut interest rates to near 0%, "the Fed will be of little consequence now. They’ve already used what leverage they have." Dropping the federal funds rate to near 0% does make it hard for the Fed to use that particular piece of leverage. But the Fed has other levers. It can telegraph its intentions about longer-term interest rates, it can purchase assets such as short-term commercial IOUs (something the Fed has already begun doing), and it can work with financial institutions to encourage lending and guarantee loans. We rate the statement .
Statement: Unmask your kids! Any carbon dioxide concentrations above" 2,000 parts per million are "dangerous!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 26, 2021
Topics: children;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed: "Unmask your kids! Any carbon dioxide concentrations above" 2,000 parts per million are "dangerous!" There is no  that children’s health is endangered by a buildup of carbon dioxide caused by masks. We rate the post .
Statement: Kathy Barnette "pretends she's America First, but repeatedly attacked President Trump.
Speaker: our american century
About the speaker: Our American Century is a conservative super PAC based in McLean, Virginia.
Date: May 13, 2022
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;ad watch;pennsylvania
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The Our American Century super PAC said Barnette "pretends she's America First, but repeatedly attacked President Trump." Barnette attacked Trump during his run for the 2016 Republican presidential nomination, but she became a supporter after he won the nomination. We did not find  that she’s criticized him directly since, and she supported his re-election campaign in 2020. We rate the statement . PolitiFact staff researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. RELATED: Pennsylvania fact-checks  RELATED:   Wild GOP Senate primary in Pennsylvania coming to a close
Statement: Philadelphia Eagles players stayed "in the Locker Room for the playing of our our National Anthem" or were "kneeling.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 4, 2018
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: sports
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: U.S. Rep. Brendan Boyle  echoed that sentiment , welcoming the team to Harrisburg for Wawa coffee (on him). Our Ruling Trump said he canceled the Eagles’ visit to the White House in part because some players declined to attend, and in part because "staying in the Locker Room for the playing of our National Anthem is as disrespectful to our country as kneeling." But according to a study from Sports Pundit, there were zero Eagles players who kneeled during the national anthem during the 2017 season. And according to ESPN SportsCenter anchor Kevin Negandhi, they didn’t wait in the locker room either. We rate the  .
Statement: Says a Bureau of Labor Statistics report attributed a sharp increase in work-related fatalities to "increasing numbers of employees and drivers could not read or understand warning signs in English.
Speaker: tim james
About the speaker: Tim James is an Alabama businessman and son of former Gov. Fob James. He has mounted two campaigns for the Republican gubernatorial nomination; both were unsuccessful.
Date: April 26, 2010
Location: national
Topics: immigration;transportation
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The report does not state that. It doesn't even consider the issue. Rather, that's the speculation of a Bureau of Labor economist who was quoted in a 2004 news story. And that speculation is actually contradicted by the data in the report. We rate James'  .
Statement: Photos show the whistleblower with Nancy Pelosi and Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 10, 2019
Topics: impeachment;facebook fact-checks
Fact-check justification: "There can only be one #womancrushwednesday today and that is of course @hillaryclinton, not just for being the first woman to run for president from this nation’s two largest political parties, but I believe the best presidential candidate this nation could have today!," he wrote.   The whistleblower who alleged Trump is soliciting foreign interference from Ukraine in the 2020 election has legal protection from retaliation. U.S. officials have kept that person’s name confidential and most news organizations have also withheld the name.   This photo’s  is , and even commenters on this Facebook post have offered corrections.   We rate it .
Statement: For every extra year that a girl stays in secondary school, her chance of getting infected with HIV/AIDS decreases by half.
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: June 15, 2016
Topics: global news service;education;foreign policy;public health;women
Context: a senate hearing
Fact-check justification: Kaine said that a woman’s risk of HIV infection fell by half for every extra year of secondary school. That statement goes too far in a couple of ways. The biggest decline in risk that any study found with any precision was about one-third. That’s substantial, but it isn’t half. And Kaine erred in saying that the effect would come with each additional year, when the underlying Botswana study only looked at a single extra year. But in broad terms, leading researchers in the field gave Kaine points for getting the general point correct. More education has an appreciable impact in reducing a woman’s risk of contracting HIV. We rate this  .