chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Satanists have teamed up with the ACLU and Planned Parenthood in Missouri to roll back the rights of the unborn.
Speaker: ann wagner
About the speaker: Ann Wagner is a Republican representing a U.S. House district in Missouri.
Date: November 1, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: abortion;legal issues
Context: a campaign website
Fact-check justification: Rep. Ann Wagner claimed on her campaign website that "Satanists have teamed up with the ACLU and Planned Parenthood in Missouri to roll back the rights of the unborn." The Satanic Temple, Planned Parenthood and the ACLU have all disputed the notion that the organizations are collaborating, teaming up or acting as allies. Furthermore, Wagner has incorrectly lumped the Church of Satan with The Satanic Temple. To hell with this . We rate it .
Statement: Obama has more czars than the Romanovs.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: May 30, 2009
Location: national
Topics: pop culture
Context: a Twitter message
Fact-check justification: We're just fact-checking McCain's  that Obama has more czars than the Romanovs. According to the World Book Encyclopedia , there were, as McCain said, 18 Romanov czars, starting with Michael Romanov in 1613 and ending with Nicholas II, who was killed by the Bolsheviks in 1918. As for Obama's czars, we've got 28 who have been referred to as a czar ... somewhere. Undoubtedly some will take issue with some of the "czars" on our list, but we think McCain is on solid ground. He earns a .
Statement: Russian natural gas company "Gazprom held Europe by the throat -- they were a monopoly, and now the U.S. is breaking into that monopoly with our exports of (liquefied natural gas).
Speaker: pat robertson
About the speaker: Marion Gordon (Pat) Robertson is a conservative Christian businessman, broadcaster, educator and former Southern Baptist minister. He is chairman of the Christian Broadcast Network and CEO of Regent University in Virginia Beach, Va.
He was born in 1930 in Lexington, Va., the son of Willis Robertson, a long-serving U.S. senator. He received a B.A. in history from Washington & Lee University and a law degree from Yale University. Robertson founded CBN in 1960 and became host of The 700 Club, a Christian news broadcast. He founded CBN University in 1977 and it was reneamed Regent University in 1989. In 1988, he unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for president.
Date: July 12, 2017
Location: national
Topics: energy;foreign policy;trade
Context: an interview with President Donald Trump
Fact-check justification: "In fact, the Obama administration's policy to liberalize LNG exports is much more responsible for the growth in LNG trade." Robertson said that "Gazprom held Europe by the throat -- they were a monopoly, and now the U.S. is breaking into that monopoly with our exports of LNG." He has a point -- Russia has a history of using natural gas supplies as an instrument of foreign policy, and a number of European countries are heavily reliant on Russian gas, making them susceptible to pressure. However, many European countries have other energy-supply options, and while the United States has made recent gains in the European LNG market, these advances have been limited and face challenges going forward. We rate the statement .
Statement: John Podesta is the son of Laurance Rockefeller.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 10, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) Rockefeller, the grandson of business magnate John D. Rockefeller, had three daughters and a son, whose name is Larry Rockefeller — not John Podesta. Podesta, meanwhile, is the son and namesake of John Podesta Sr. We rate this  !
Statement: Says Newt Gingrich "co-sponsored a bill with Nancy Pelosi that would have given $60 million a year to a U.N. program supporting China's brutal one-child policy.
Speaker: restore our future
About the speaker: Restore Our Future is a super PAC run by supporters of Mitt Romney.
Date: January 12, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: abortion;environment;bipartisanship;candidate biography;children;china;federal budget;message machine 2012
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The ad says that Gingrich "co-sponsored a bill with Nancy Pelosi that would have given $60 million a year to a U.N. program supporting China’s brutal one-child policy." Actually, the bill attempted to address climate change, and a third of House members were co-sponsors. The bill did propose money for the United Nations Population Fund, but it stated specifically that its funding could not be used for "involuntary sterilization or abortion or to coerce any person to accept family planning." The ad’s  rests on repeated distortions, so we rate the statement !
Statement: The United States has "10,000 IRS agents making sure that you don't take an improper charity deduction," but to fight terrorism, it has "less than two dozen people focusing on countering violent extremism at home.
Speaker: martha mcsally
About the speaker: Martha McSally, a Republican, is a former U.S. Senator and former U.S. Representative from Arizona. McSally served 26 years in the U.S. Air Force, retiring in 2010 as a full colonel. She was the first female fighter pilot to fly a combat mission and command a fighter squadron. She was elected to public office for the first time when she won election to Congress in 2014.
Date: November 17, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: homeland security;terrorism;taxes
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: More on homeland security Rand Paul in Milwaukee: 40 percent of illegal immigrants "had a visa and then became illegal,"  because "they changed jobs."  . In Context: What Scott Walker said about a Canada wall . Ron Johnson: Some 8.1 million of the estimated 11 million to 12 million people "in this country illegally are working."  .
Statement: Says James Comey suggested and CNN reported that the basis of the wiretapping warrant for Trump adviser Carter Page was "all based on a dossier.
Speaker: elizabeth foley
About the speaker: Foley is a Professor of Law at Florida International University College of Law, a public law school located in Miami, Florida. 
Date: January 2, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: foreign policy
Context: during a CNN panel discussion
Fact-check justification: Foley said James Comey and news reporting showed the basis of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act warrant for Carter Page was "all based on a dossier." This is not accurate. CNN and the New York Times never reported that the dossier was the basis for Carter’s probe. CNN reported that it "part of the justification" and the New York Times didn’t even mention the dossier. We couldn’t find any  that proved Comey suggested that Page’s warrant was "all based on a dossier." According to CNN’s unnamed sources, Comey has cited the dossier, but has not confirmed publically how much of it has been verified. We rate this  .
Statement: Milwaukee's hotels and restaurants are already filled during the summer. The RNC convention will simply replace those who normally visit our city.
Speaker: liberal groups
About the speaker: XXX
Date: June 2, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;income;jobs
Context: Public statement
Fact-check justification: Liberal groups opposing the 2024 RNC in Milwaukee claimed: "Milwaukee’s hotels and restaurants are already filled during the summer. The RNC convention will simply replace those who normally visit our city." The groups have a point, in that the baseline is not zero. There are visitors who stay at hotels, and diners who eat at restaurants with or without a convention. But they vastly overstate the point by suggesting there would be no increase or benefit at all from the RNC. Statistics have shown a typical Milwaukee hotel occupancy rate of about 76% in August. And clearly all restaurants are not 100% full either. So there clearly would be some economic benefit to bringing the event to the city, even considering the substitution effect.   Our definition for  is "The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression." That fits here.
Statement: Marco Rubio spent $400K of your tax dollars remodeling offices, and building a members-only lounge.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: November 5, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Florida Democratic Party said, "Marco Rubio spent $400K of your tax dollars remodeling offices, and building a members-only lounge." It was actually more than that. Rubio spent almost $560,000 to move around offices, renovate meeting spaces and open a dining area in the Capitol. Other speakers have spent more or less than that, as they saw fit. Democratic leadership at the time didn’t quibble with the changes, although Rubio did face some criticism over the moves, especially when he ran for U.S. Senate. We rate the statement .
Statement: The country is now in a manufacturing recession.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: July 22, 2019
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a post on Medium
Fact-check justification: Warren said the country is now in a manufacturing recession. Output has fallen for two quarters in a row, and some economists apply the recession label. But others do not; they say they’d need to see additional indicators of decline. They point to other data that shows manufacturing has slowed but continues to grow. Importantly, the sector continues to hire more workers and orders for goods rose by $1 billion in June. Warren has a point that manufacturing has weakened, but other information paints a more complicated picture. We rate this  .
Statement: Charlie Crist "raised taxes in 2009 and won't rule out raising taxes again.
Speaker: republican party of florida
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Florida represents Republicans in Florida.
Date: April 2, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Florida said that Crist "raised taxes in 2009 and won’t rule out raising taxes again." Crist -- along with the Republican-led Legislature -- did raise the cigarette tax and a slew of fees including auto tag fees in 2009 to balance the budget during a recession. When asked in November if he would raise taxes in the future, Crist said "if necessary." The Republicans omitted Crist’s softer language in the same interview when he added, "I don’t know if it’s necessary right now." We rate this  .
Statement: A list shows violent crimes in Los Angeles that "people will be set free on as of today.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 24, 2023
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: When setting the bail, the document says, the bench officer would consider the case’s facts, the risk to public safety and the previous COVID-19 emergency goal of reducing the jail population. Los Angeles County’s pandemic-era "zero-bail" policy expired July 1, 2022. It was reinstated May 24 after Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge Lawrence Riff issued a May 16 ruling in a class action lawsuit that enforcing the bail policy against poor people who were detained in jail is a "serious constitutional violation." Riff issued a preliminary injunction that effectively reinstated the October 2020 version of the county’s zero-bail policy. We rate the  that a list shows crimes in Los Angeles that "people will be set free on as of today" .
Statement: Foreign Chinese prostitution money is allegedly behind the groups funding Congressman Jim Renacci's Republican majority.
Speaker: democratic congressional campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is responsible for assisting Democratic candidates for the U.S. House.
Date: July 2, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: campaign finance;negative campaigning
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Based on that, the DCCC claims that Adelson, one of the wealthiest people in America, made political contributions with cash from prostitution revenues. And then the  invokes Renacci’s name as part of the Republican majority that this tainted money is supposedly supporting. Renacci hasn’t accepted money from Adelson and doesn’t control contributions to the GOP groups that support him. The  that Adelson’s donations to these other groups amount to "Chinese prostitution money" is dubious enough that inserting the word "allegedly" can’t save it. On the -O-Meter, the DCCC statement rates .
Statement: Says President Joe Biden "is in talks to pay illegal immigrants $450,000.
Speaker: bryan steil
About the speaker: Bryan Steil, R-Janesville was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2018. 
Date: October 28, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: immigration;border security;children;families
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Steil claimed that the federal government "is in talks to pay illegal immigrants $450,000."  But that vastly oversimplifies what is happening. The potential payments are the result of the Trump-era policy that saw thousands of children separated from their parents after crossing the southern border. And in some cases the families involved applied legally for asylum, and are not "illegal immigrants" at all. While the actual amount for the payouts is still under negotiation, some sources say that individuals could receive $450,000 or more. But that number is far from certain, and only a small percentage of the 5,500 families affected have filed claims. We rate this  . While it is partially accurate, it leaves out important details or takes things out of context.
Statement: When George Bush took office, President Clinton, a Democrat, and the Democratic Congress at the time had left an annual budget that was in surplus.
Speaker: sheldon whitehouse
About the speaker: Sheldon Whitehouse is a Democratic U.S. Senator from Rhode Island.
Date: June 24, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: federal budget;history
Context: a Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: And we'll credit Whitehouse for repeating the numbers accurately. But in this case, Whitehouse said the same  twice -- and it was crucial to the point he was making on assigning partisan blame. Any listener not intimately familiar with budget legislation from the 1990s would be led to believe that the Democrats controlled Congress when Bush became president. So even though the  was inadvertent, we think it's sufficiently noteworthy to call out Whitehouse. We rate his statement .
Statement: In two terms in the Missouri General Assembly, Jason Kander passed ZERO bills that were signed into law.
Speaker: one nation pac
About the speaker: One Nation PAC is a conservative political action committee.
Date: October 1, 2016
Location: missouri
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a political mailer
Fact-check justification: One Nation's mailer is  and cherry-picks Kander’s record. While none of his directly sponsored bills made it past the House floor, he was an active co-sponsor for ethics reform, and managed to get his bill through the Senate and to the governor’s office. While Kander co-sponsored seven bills that became law, no bill he directly sponsored was signed by the governor. But the statement ignores key facts to paint an incomplete picture. We rate it .
Statement: Today 46 percent of all Floridians owe more on their home than it is worth.
Speaker: rod smith
About the speaker: Rod Smith is a former state Senator from Alachua County. In 2006, he unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for governor. In 2010, he was his party's nominee for lieutenant governor. In 2011, he was elected chairman of the Florida Democratic Party.
Date: October 29, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: economy;housing
Context: speech at Florida Democratic Party 2011 Convention
Fact-check justification: Rod Smith claimed that nearly half, or 46 percent, of Floridians owe more on their mortgages than the value of their homes. The most recent rate of underwater homes in Florida is 45.1 percent, behind only Nevada and Arizona. And that estimate is actually pretty conservative compared to what several metro areas are experiencing. Given the implications for our housing market, we suspect most Floridians are sorry that his  checks out. What's not so clear is Smith's suggestion that Florida Republicans are somehow responsible for the ailing housing market.  While he doesn't explicitly blame Republicans for causing the housing bust, he does suggest it, and that's enough for us to downgrade his rating. The housing bubble was a national phenomenon, at the heart of which were national lenders, and other states are feeling our pain. So we rate his  .
Statement: Says "At age 76 when you most need it, you are not eligible for cancer treatment" under Affordable Care Act.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: June 3, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: a chain email
Fact-check justification: Again, this isn’t related to the Affordable Care Act. Older patients diagnosed with cancer need not worry that treatment will be rationed or denied under the Affordable Care Act. The  is based on an  reading of a bill that went nowhere. We don’t know where or how the specific age of 76 was added -- Kithil said he doesn’t remember including a specific age in his letter. But we do know enough to rule this widely debunked and -on-its-face statement a .
Statement: Says Russian President Vladimir Putin said Pope Francis "is not a man of God.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 5, 2017
Topics: fake news;religion;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: The Catholic Church has denied doing so. Putin and Pope Francis have met on two occasions, when the Russian president visited Vatican City in 2013 and 2015 . While the pair discussed Christian persecution on both visits, topics also included Russian involvement in Syria and Ukraine. Putin isn’t Catholic, but there’s no record we can find of him berating the pontiff in such a way. We rate this  !
Statement: The U.S. "doesn't make television sets anymore.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 23, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: technology;trade
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said the U.S. "doesn’t make television sets anymore." He has a point. We know of no televisions on the market that bear the label "Made in USA," a  that requires virtually all of the product to be manufactured domestically. An expert told us it’s "impossible" to build a TV in the United States without relying heavily on imported components.  suggests about 99 percent of sets sold in the United States are fully made and assembled overseas, mainly in Asia. Trump’s statement ignores three companies that are, to varying degrees, assembling TVs in the United States. Two of them manufacture expensive niche products such as outdoor televisions. A spokesman for one of the companies told us it makes its specialty screens in the U.S. and imports most of its components. The third company, Element Electronics, essentially imports sets, inserts Chinese-made memory boards in them, and then ships them to large retailers. The back of some of the sets say "Made in China." So Trump’s statement holds up and we rate it .
Statement: There is a Republican "plan to end Medicare.
Speaker: sherrod brown
About the speaker: Sherrod Brown is a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Ohio. He won his first elected office to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1974. He later served as Ohio secretary of state and was elected to Congress in 1992. He first joined the U.S. Senate in 2007.
Date: June 20, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: a campaign fund-raising letter
Fact-check justification: Certainly not for millions of current retirees and baby boomers now over age 55. For everyone else, the Ryan plan might better be defined by using another political chestnut, namely, the end of "Medicare as we know it" -- a cliche, perhaps, but one with enough qualification to keep the  out of the hot seat. The Brown fund-raising pitch had no such qualification. No matter how often it's said, this still remains  - that the unqualified end-of-Medicare statement is not accurate. And on the -O-Meter, that means the statement still garners a rating of .
Statement: Thompson "voted against $250,000 caps on damages (and) almost anything that would make our legal system fairer.
Speaker: rudy giuliani
About the speaker: Rudy Giuliani is the former mayor of New York City. He was born in Brooklyn in 1944 and previously served as a federal prosecutor, as well as an associate attorney general under President Reagan. He graduated from Manhattan College and earned a law degree from New York University Law School. He has been married since 2003 to Judith Nathan and was married twice before. He has two children, Andrew and Caroline. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: October 21, 2007
Location: national
Topics: legal issues
Context: Orlando, Fla
Fact-check justification: Giuliani's  that his rival opposed "loser pays" rules is based on Thompson's vote (on the winning side) to strip language from the 1996 bill that would have forced only the defendants — not the plaintiffs — to pay attorney and court fees if they refused to settle of court and the refusal was "unreasonable or not made in good faith." But this doesn't really fit the definition of "loser pays"; instead, striking the language did more to benefit the corporate defendants. Overall, we find Giuliani's attack on Thompson to be . UPDATE: We originally ruled this , but we discovered we had only examined some of Thompson's votes on the $250,000 cap.