chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: We will have the highest general revenue in state history next year. Conservative pro-growth policies work in our state.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: August 30, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: economy;taxes
Context: a speech at the Americans for Prosperity Foundation summit
Fact-check justification: Scott said that Florida "will have the highest general revenue in state history next year. Conservative pro-growth policies work in our state." Scott's statistic is  if you account for inflation. But the bigger issue is that Scott overreaches by connecting the revenue resurgence with conservative policies. The trajectory is not unique to Florida, or conservatives. There’s an element of  to this statement but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: We have spent $7 trillion, trillion with a T, $7 trillion in the Middle East.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 28, 2018
Location: national
Topics: afghanistan;federal budget;iraq;terrorism
Context: Washington, Mich
Fact-check justification: Trump said that America has spent $7 trillion on the Middle East. The key flaw is Trump treated long-range estimates as money already spent. The money actually spent so far is closer to $2 trillion. The reports cited by the White House estimated costs about 30 years into the future. The highest estimate in those reports supports Trump’s $7 trillion figure. Still, wounded veterans will need care and debt must be repaid with interest. We rate this  .
Statement: The Congressional Budget Office -- supposedly non-partisan -- estimates that in just a few years the average cost to every family of four (from cap and trade) will be $6,800 per year.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: November 24, 2009
Location: national
Topics: environment;cap and trade;climate change;energy
Context: a widely circulated e-mail
Fact-check justification: The conservative group says the law could cause companies to produce less, which would reduce the GDP in 2020 by $161 billion in 2009 dollars. By 2035, it would be $650 billion lower, which works out to about $6,800 per family of four per year. So the chain e-mail has taken the estimate from a conservative think tank and falsely attributed it to the CBO, a nonpartisan branch of Congress. There are many legitimate questions that can be raised about the cost of cap-and-trade, but it's simply  to say the CBO came up with the $6,800 figure. We find this  .
Statement: Says Joe Biden "went to China and said that he sympathized and wouldn't second-guess their one-child policy of forced abortions and sterilizations.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: October 11, 2012
Location: national
Topics: abortion;china
Context: the vice presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Ryan accused Biden of going to China and saying he "sympathized and wouldn’t second-guess their one-child policy of forced abortions and sterilizations." Biden did not use the word "sympathize" and didn’t endorse the one-child policy. Instead, he said that he understood it and wouldn’t second-guess it.  Days after the speech, his spokeswoman said he specifically condemned "coercive birth limitation policies." Ryan’s  contains a kernel of , but it ignores critical context that would leave a different impression. We rate this .
Statement: McCain says the price of a gas tax "holiday" would be about the same as "a Bridge to Nowhere (or) another pork barrel project.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: April 24, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: an interview on the Fox News Channel
Fact-check justification: So it would take more than 6,900 such projects to pay for the tax holiday – not one as McCain suggests. McCain's additional explanation – that it would be "made up by general revenues" – doesn't pay the bill, either. His gas tax holiday would have a substantial cost and he's  voters by suggesting it wouldn't. If he were off a billion or two, we might be more generous with our -O-Meter ruling. But the Straight Talker's math is so far off that we've got to set the meter ablaze: .
Statement: There isn't a system" for reuniting families separated under Trump's zero tolerance border policy.
Speaker: rachel maddow
About the speaker: Rachel Maddow is the host of MSNBC’s “The Rachel Maddow Show”. She formerly hosted a radio program of the same name on the defunct Air America network.
Date: June 21, 2018
Topics: immigration;punditfact
Context: a monologue
Fact-check justification: Maddow said, "There isn't a system" for reuniting families separated under Trump’s zero tolerance border policy. Crucial disconnects exist among key agencies tasked with implementing Trump’s family separation policy. Administration officials have acknowledged the lack of preparation. A Republican-appointed federal judge who ordered the government to reunite families found there was no reunification plan in place. Media reports have documented the government’s limited existing infrastructure, as a grassroots network of immigration attorneys and aid workers struggle to reunite families. We rate Maddow’s  .
Statement: Hundreds and hundreds of labs are ready, willing, and able.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 20, 2020
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a daily coronavirus press briefing
Fact-check justification: Trump said he had a list with hundreds and hundreds of labs "ready" and "able" to provide coronavirus testing. The White House declined to provide the list, and the Health and Human Services Department did not provide a tally. The closest we found was a FDA list of about 130 labs nationwide.  The people who work with testing said that simply possessing the laboratory equipment to process tests is insufficient to pull off the assignment. The vice president described how the government was still in the process of learning which labs could do what. The labs exist, but the ready and able piece is a work in progress. We rate this  .
Statement: The missiles that were launched at American forces in Iraq from Iran, were funded by Barack Obama, with American tax dollars.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 8, 2020
Topics: corrections and updates;iran;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said, "The missiles that were launched at American forces in Iraq from Iran, were funded by Barack Obama, with American tax dollars." The 2015 Iran nuclear deal was signed by multiple nations, and it did not involve the United States or Obama cutting a check to Iran. The funds Iran received were its own frozen assets. American tax dollars were never part of the deal. A separate payment that went to Iran under Obama was to settle a decades-old dispute over U.S. military equipment that Iran paid for but never received. We rate this statement . Clarification and update, Jan. 10, 2020 : The Washington Free Beacon story cited by the author of the viral image never alleged that taxpayer dollars were used to fund the missiles launched at American forces in Iraq. An original version of this story may have been unclear on this point.
Statement: Ohio's credit rating is "as high as you can get, AA+.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: January 29, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: state budget
Context: comments on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Kasich said on Fox News that his state of Ohio earned the highest possible credit rating, at AA+. When host Hannity asked about a AAA rating, Kasich said, "I don’t think you can really get to AAA." In fact, you can, and 15 other states currently hold a AAA credit rating, according to S&P. We rate this statement .
Statement: A photo of a wounded young child was captured in Ukraine in 2022.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 24, 2022
Topics: foreign policy;facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: The original photo was snapped by the European Pressphoto Agency's Mohammed Badra. It is dated Jan. 3, 2018. The European Pressphoto Agency’s caption reads: "A young girl is treated at a hospital after a bombing in Mesraba, Eastern al-Ghouta, Syria, 03 January 2018. At least 19 people were killed in airstrikes on the cities of Erbeen and Mesraba by forces loyal to the Syrian government." We rate miscaptioned posts that say the child is from Ukraine .
Statement: Austin is "effectively" imposing "a ban on barbecue restaurants.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: July 28, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: environment;food safety
Context: an episode of The Rush Limbaugh Show
Fact-check justification: Limbaugh said Austin is "effectively" imposing "a ban on barbecue restaurants." In early 2015, there was worry that a mandate that barbecue restaurants limit smoke from smokers would have that impact. However, the council didn’t adopt such a regulation and we sniffed out no factual indication it’s poised to do so. Before Limbaugh spoke, the latest panel to make a recommendation suggested city staff tackle complaints one by one--without a change in law. When a  is not so and seems , we see smoke. !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The cost of eggs has gone up 700%.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 12, 2023
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;food;facebook fact-checks
Context: a photo on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed the cost of eggs has increased 700%. Prices have increased, but not by that much. The Consumer Price Index shows egg prices rose 60% over the last year, as overall food inflation went up 10.4%. We rate this  . Clarification, Jan. 18, 2023 : This story has been updated to clarify the difference between figures from the Consumer Price Index and the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
Statement: Trump votes for death penalty for being gay.
Speaker: washingtonsources
About the speaker: WashingtonSources is a website that posts articles critical of President Donald Trump.
Date: May 7, 2018
Topics: fake news;human rights;lgbtq;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: In September, the United States voted against a four-page resolution about the death penalty that included a provision condemning the imposition of the death penalty as a sanction for "consensual same-sex relations. "  But the U.S. had another reason to vote against the resolution: The United States still uses the death penalty, and this resolution broadly condemned it.  Days later, the State Department went on record stating that it "unequivocally condemns the application of the death penalty for conduct such as homosexuality." We rate this  .
Statement: When Jim Doyle was governor and Mary Burke was commerce secretary," Wisconsin saw "billions in middle-class tax hikes on nursing home beds, gas, phones and garbage.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: June 20, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: But the ad misfires badly on the math and the blame game. Proposed new taxes and fees in that one budget totalled $366 million on nursing homes, gas, garbage and phones, not "billions." And the tally was far less in the final version of the budget Doyle signed. Beyond that, Burke was gone when Doyle’s subsequent budget sought up to $1.35 billion more for those items in 2009. We rate Walker’s  .
Statement: Mitch McConnell voted with Harry Reid to infringe on our gun rights.
Speaker: matt bevin
About the speaker: 46-yearold investment manager.
Date: February 19, 2014
Location: national
Topics: congress;guns
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Bevin’s ad says "Mitch McConnell voted with Harry Reid to infringe on our gun rights." The ad focuses on a vote McConnell took more than 22 years ago on a massive crime bill that included dozens of votes and amendments and didn’t even pass Congress. The law failed, with McConnell voting against it, and Reid voting for it. On amendments, McConnell sided with firearm lobbyists when a closely watched provision came up for a vote. The only  the Bevin campaign offered was that McConnell voted to advance the bill to a conference committee (as did Reid), but that was a brief point in the legislative process. To hang this attack on a handful of long-ago votes — when he much more recently helped kill gun control legislation — is . So overall, Bevin’s add goes back to 1991 to cherry-pick votes and make it seem like McConnell and Reid were on the same side. Actually, McConnell repeatedly voted against the 1991 bill, on both its gun restrictions and the overall measure. The  that McConnell voted with Harry Reid to infringe gun rights is contradicted by many other votes, both then and now. The  is not only , but , and we rate it .
Statement: We have 10,000 baby boomers retiring every day.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: September 19, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: deficit;economy;social security
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: After subtracting those who died and adding immigrants born during those years, America has 79.6 million people of that generation. If you divide 79.6 million by 19 years (the number remaining until 2030), then divide that by 365 days, you get a daily average of 11,476 people turning 65. Although not everyone in that age group will live to reach age 65, the amount who will end up retiring each day could significantly exceed Boehner’s 10,000 per day figure. Boehner’s statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. We rule his  .
Statement: Ninety percent of American workers don't own their own business.
Speaker: rick santorum
About the speaker: Rick Santorum is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2012.
Date: April 5, 2015
Location: national
Topics: small business;workers
Context: an interview on "Face the Nation."
Fact-check justification: Santorum said 90 percent of people don’t own their own business. Several sources show that Santorum’s number is close. However, there are different ways to count whether someone owns a business or not, and so the percentages are approximate. Overall, we rate his statement .
Statement: The government "made accommodation to the Fort Hood shooter to let him grow a beard" for religious reasons.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: September 16, 2015
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;religion
Context: the CNN Republican debate
Fact-check justification: Huckabee said that legal rulings allowed Hasan the Fort Hood shooter to keep his beard on religious grounds. While an appeals court did overrule the initial trial judge who had ordered that Hasan be forcibly shaved, that ruling did not affirm that Hasan had the right based on his religion. Instead, it said that it wasn’t the judge’s job to enforce the military dress code, which requires personnel to be clean shaven. When Hasan was convicted and sent to Fort Leavenworth, he was forcibly shaved. Hasan did keep his beard for a while, but ultimately, no accommodation was made for religious reasons. We rate the  .
Statement: Screenshots show that conservative political commentator Ben Shapiro received more than $20,000 in Paycheck Protection Program loan forgiveness.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 25, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: screenshots shared on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Screenshots shared on Facebook suggested that Shapiro received almost $21,000 in Paycheck Protection Program loan forgiveness. A California-based real estate industry business owner named Ben Shapiro received nearly $21,000 in Paycheck Protection Program loan forgiveness. Political commentator Ben Shapiro said it wasn’t he who received the money and we found no  contradicting that. We rate these claims . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed research to this report.
Statement: Trump administration just FIRED 54 scientists & cut off 77 grants at Fauci's NIH for not disclosing their ties to Communist China!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 15, 2020
Topics: ethics;science;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed: "Trump administration just FIRED 54 scientists & cut off 77 grants at Fauci's NIH for not disclosing their ties to Communist China!" There are 54 scientists who were either fired or resigned as a result of an NIH investigation into scientists failing to disclose financial ties to other countries, with the vast majority of cases involving China. There were also 77 scientists, not grants, who are no longer eligible for NIH grants; it’s not that grant money to them was cut off.  It’s also  to say NIH is Fauci’s agency; Fauci leads one division of NIH. For a statement that is partially accurate, our rating is .
Statement: House GOP rules package bars CBO from counting spikes in deficit spending spurred by an ACA repeal.
Speaker: keith ellison
About the speaker: Keith Ellison is a Democratic congressman from Minnesota, representing a district that includes all of Minneapolis and portions of two neighboring counties. In 2017, Ellison became the deputy chair of the Democratic National Committee.
Date: January 5, 2017
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget;health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Ellison tweeted that the "House GOP rules package bars CBO from counting spikes in deficit spending spurred by an ACA repeal." In reality, the rules package doesn’t bar CBO analysis of ACA repeal proposals. Rather, the rules package says that CBO is not required to conduct an extra-long-term analysis that goes 50 years into the future, although the office could do one if it wants. It also doesn’t prevent CBO from doing the more typical, 10-year analyses it does for proposed bills. We rate the statement .
Statement: Atlanta Tea Party co-founder Debbie Dooley "wants gas taxes raised.
Speaker: citizens for transportation mobility
About the speaker: Citizens for Transportation Mobility is an advocacy group that supports a 1 percent sales tax to pay for transportation projects in Georgia.
Date: June 13, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: transportation
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: But she said in the same sentence that gas prices must come down first. She also stated her distrust of elected officials with tax dollars. Neither was included in the press release. The Citizens for Transportation Mobility statement was based on an accurate comment by Dooley, but it leaves out some important context. Under our rating system, that is a classic .
Statement: Diane Black voted to fund Obamacare.
Speaker: lou ann zelenik
About the speaker:  
Zelenik is a former chairman of the Rutherford County Republican Party who also ran for Congress in 2010.
Date: July 26, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: congress;health care
Context: an ongoing radio commercial
Fact-check justification: The public record shows Rep. Black has voted more than two dozen times to repeal President Obama’s health-care reforms and defund them. In claiming Black has actually voted to fund the health reforms, Zelenik and her aides point to Black’s votes on short-term spending measures that continue funding at current levels for all government programs. But was Black really very specifically "voting to fund Obamacare" or was she voting to keep the government from shutting down? Black has strongly opposed the health-care laws and Zelenik’s  is a distortion designed to deliberately mislead voters about Black’s record. We find it .