chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Americans will pay more in taxes in 2011 than they will spend on groceries, clothing and shelter combined.
Speaker: reince priebus
About the speaker: Reince Priebus was the first chief of staff to President Donald Trump, replaced by John Kelly in July 2017. Priebus was previously chairman of the Republican National Committee, a post he assumed in 2011. He is also the former chairman of the Republican Party of Wisconsin. He was an unsuccessful Wisconsin state Senate candidate in 2004. He is a Kenosha, Wis., native and lawyer.
Date: April 14, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;taxes
Context: a fundraising e-mail
Fact-check justification: J.D. Foster, an economist with the conservative Heritage Foundation, calls the dispute "an age-old running battle." He said "The Tax Foundation is using averages. The purpose of averages is to summarize information." When Priebus says that "Americans will pay more in taxes in 2011 than they will spend on groceries, clothing and shelter combined," his statement is vague enough to be read either as an aggregate measurement (in which case he’d be correct) or a description of the patterns for individual Americans (in which case he’d likely be  more often than he’s right). On balance, we rate his statement .
Statement: Florida's cost for the Medicaid expansion will be $1.6 billion a year or more.
Speaker: bill mccollum
About the speaker: Bill McCollum is a former Florida Attorney General. He campaigned to be governor and was defeated in the Republican primary on Aug. 24, 2010. 
Date: March 22, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care;state budget
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: But the feds pick up most of the tab for the expansion in the early years, at a much lower cost than $1.6 billion. It only hits close to that top figure in 2019, and still have questions about the unspecified implementation costs. We find his  . Update: This report has been updated to include comment from the attorney general's office received after our original publication.
Statement: Legendary actor Kirk Douglas dead, 4 days before his 101st birthday.
Speaker: your action news 3
About the speaker: Your Action News 3 posts fake news.
Date: December 5, 2017
Topics: fake news;pop culture;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: And it’s sad, too," he said in a 2017 interview . We sent an email to Your Action News 3 and did not get a reply. Our fact-checking friends at Snopes have debunked other death hoaxes by the same website about Morgan Freeman , Bob Barker , and George Zimmerman . Douglas is still alive, despite a  story that said he was dead. We rate this story .
Statement: $16 trillion (the national debt) in $1 bills would cover the entire state of Ohio nearly 1.5 times.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: September 6, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: debt;deficit;federal budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Here’s how it works out. That would cover Ohio's total area of 44,825 square miles 1.42 times -- or nearly 1.5 times. We ran the numbers again, using the land area of 40,860 square miles that the federal Census Bureau gives Ohio. Sixteen trillion singles would cover that area almost exactly 1.5 times. On the -O-Meter, Portman's statement rates .
Statement: The sequester has "already lost 1.6 million jobs.
Speaker: harry reid
About the speaker: Harry Reid is a former U.S. senator from Nevada. He served as the Democratic minority leader in the U.S. Senate immediately prior to leaving office.
Date: July 30, 2013
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget;jobs
Context: a media availability with reporters
Fact-check justification: Reid said that sequestration has already led to the loss of 1.6 million jobs. There is no official estimate of the current impact of the sequester, and Reid's office provided no proof for the . The figure Reid seemed to rely on is a projection of the number of jobs that might be created if Congress put the sequester on hold and spent about $100 billion more than is currently planned. And from that forecast, Reid appears to have used the high end. We rate the statement .
Statement: Ted Cruz has been to Iowa four times. Rio Grande Valley of Texas -- just once.
Speaker: james moore
About the speaker: James Moore, an Austin-based writer, pundit and communications consultant, oversees the Don't Grow Texas website.
Date: March 20, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Moore tweeted: "Ted Cruz has been to Iowa four times. Rio Grande Valley of Texas -- just once." This is correct if limited to Cruz’s year-plus as the state’s junior senator, which is what Moore made clear in his subsequent blog post. We rate this  as .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Every single candidate President Obama campaigned for lost in the midterms.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 7, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that every candidate Obama hit the campaign trail for lost in Tuesday’s election. That’s just plain . Obama did rally for Democratic candidates who ended up losing, but the same goes for several others he supported who won their races. We rate this  .
Statement: Over 200 years ago, the United States had declared war on Islam, and Thomas Jefferson led the charge!
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: February 9, 2015
Location: national
Topics: history;military;religion
Context: a chain email
Fact-check justification: The chain email said that "over 200 years ago, the United States had declared war on Islam, and Thomas Jefferson led the charge!" The Barbary powers were Muslim, and religion sometimes crops up in the historical record. But historians agree that the overriding motivation of American military action against the Barbary pirates was to secure a vital national interest, namely protecting the U.S. merchant fleet and its ability to conduct international trade. They see no  that Jefferson or his contemporaries were undertaking a religious holy war. So we rate the  .
Statement: More than one in five of veterans aged 20 to 24 can't find a job to support their family or to ease the transition to civilian life.
Speaker: sherrod brown
About the speaker: Sherrod Brown is a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Ohio. He won his first elected office to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1974. He later served as Ohio secretary of state and was elected to Congress in 1992. He first joined the U.S. Senate in 2007.
Date: January 18, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs;military;veterans
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: "Service members who risk their lives protecting our nation shouldn’t have to wonder whether or not they’ll be able to find a job when they leave the service," Brown said. "Just as we invest in our service members while they’re on the battlefield, we should do the same when they return home." Brown accurately cited the jobless rate for younger veterans. That the non-veteran rate is also high is a piece of additional information that helps provide a clearer picture of the unemployment rate for all younger men. On the -O-Meter, Brown’s  rates .
Statement: Actress Emma Stone: 'For the first time in history we have a president that…
Speaker: politics elite trump
About the speaker: fake news blog
Date: April 1, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a fake news blog
Fact-check justification: Though Stone has said that she has stayed quiet in publicly expressing her opinions , she has recently said that she is speaking out more often. Stone has supported equal pay for men and women and Planned Parenthood . When searching for the quotes attributed to Stone in the article, we found no results. A  news blog said that actress Emma Stone has converted to a Trump supporter.   We rate this .
Statement: Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand "no longer supports the fight to combat the international delegitimization of Israel.
Speaker: american israel public affairs committee
About the speaker: The American Israel Public Affairs Committee is an organization that lobbies government for pro-Israel interests. 
Date: August 3, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: israel
Context: an email blast to supporters
Fact-check justification: AIPAC told its supporters Gillibrand "no longer supports the fight to combat the international delegitimization of Israel." AIPAC did not respond to a request to clarify its statement. Gillibrand has made it clear, both during the town hall and after, that she still opposes the BDS movement. She does not support the Israel Anti-Boycott Act in its current form because she believes it violates individual liberties. The  misleads readers who may now believe Gillibrand supports the BDS movement. We rate it .
Statement: Republicans are now "taking credit" for provisions of the health care bill "that they had tried to derail.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: August 12, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an op ed article
Fact-check justification: So are Wasserman Schultz and DeLauro correct that Republicans are now "taking credit" for provisions of the health care bill "that they had tried to derail"? In the case of Kyl comments, we think it's a stretch to say he took credit for the preventive care provisions in the health care bill. But Boehner did credit Republicans for provisions to abolish rescissions and allow young adults to continue being covered by their parents’ plans until age 26. Yet those specific provisions were not the target of the GOP opposition, which focused on larger issues of cost and the growth of government. And so we find the claims in the op-ed .
Statement: Rhode Island has the "worst maintained bridges in the United States of America . . . and we have the second worst maintained roads [behind] Alaska.
Speaker: michael chippendale
About the speaker: Michael W. Chippendale, of Foster, is a Republican state representative for District 40 in Rhode Island.
Date: June 11, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: speech on the RI House floor
Fact-check justification: State Rep. Michael Chippendale turned down a path familiar to Rhode Island motorists when he described the Ocean State as having the "worst maintained bridges in the United States of America" and " the second worst maintained roads only to Alaska." Rhode Island’s rankings may go up or down a few notches depending on which report you look at and what year it came out. But every one we’ve seen shows the Ocean State is clearly at the bottom when it comes to road and bridge conditions. Chippendale might have incorrectly attributed his statement on the House floor, but his figures were accurate. We rate his  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Cuyahoga County "passed a program to guarantee a college savings account for every single child who enters kindergarten in this county -- the first county in the United States to do so.
Speaker: ed fitzgerald
About the speaker: Ed FitzGerald is Cuyahoga County's first county executive. He took office in January 2011 when a charter form of county government took affect. Prior to his election as county executive, he was mayor in the city of Lakewood. He also has been a congressional staff member, an FBI special agent, a practicing lawyer and assistant county prosecutor and an elected city councilman.
Date: April 24, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: education
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: FitzGerald said that the Cuyahoga County College Savings Account Program is the first county program in the nation "to guarantee a college savings account for every single child who enters kindergarten." The statement is accurate. Though additional information gives a fuller picture, it is not needed for accuracy, even in the context of a political speech. The statement was not . We rate it .
Statement: Reporters rehearse questions with White House press (secretary).
Speaker: drudge report
About the speaker: The Drudge Report is a news aggregation website founded by Matt Drudge. It is often considered conservative.
Date: March 20, 2014
Topics: pundits;punditfact
Context: a post on their website
Fact-check justification: The Drudge Report gave top billing to the  that the daily White House press briefings are "just a show," with questions submitted and answered in advance. That  relied on the report of a television anchor in Arizona. But the Drudge Report did all it could to make the statement go viral. Accountability applies as much to spreading information, especially for a website as popular as the Drudge Report, as it does to the journalist who wrote the article. The reporter behind Halper’s article now says she made a  and really doesn’t know what happens in the briefings. She was considering asking a question about a local issue and wanted to know if it would be appropriate to ask at the regular press briefing. She opted to save the question for her interview with Obama. According to Carney and the reporters whom he faces daily, this scenario in no way matches up with their experiences. Halper took a shaky report and drew a strong conclusion without proof. Drudge put that  on steroids. We rate this statement .
Statement: John F. Kennedy Jr. is alive and the author of anonymous QAnon messages.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 24, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Now in present day, the New York Times reported in February that separate teams of computer scientists identified the two men as the likely authors of anonymous QAnon messages. Their names: Paul Furber, one of the first online commentators to draw attention to the messages, and Ron Watkins, who ran a website where the messages started appearing in 2018. Both have denied that they are Q.   But we know it’s not the late JFK Jr.   We rate this post .
Statement: People are 7% poorer now because of Biden inflation.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: January 16, 2022
Topics: economy;income
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Romney said, "People are 7% poorer now because of Biden inflation." The inflation rate was 7% in the past year. However, a 4.7% increase in wages reduced the impact on the typical worker by about two-thirds, making Romney’s figure exaggerated. We rate the statement . Jon Greenberg contributed to this article.
Statement: We've spent $6 trillion" on the wars in the Middle East.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;military
Context: Charlotte, N.C
Fact-check justification: Trump said the wars in the Middle East have cost $6 trillion dollars. Trump is citing the high-end estimate of credible analyses of spending associated with the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Yet he is confusing money that’s been spent with money that researchers say will be spent. That’s a $1 trillion difference or more. Trump’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: It's just outrageous that under President Bush, the National Institutes of Health have been basically decreased in funding.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 30, 2007
Location: national
Topics: bush administration
Context: Philadelphia, Pa
Fact-check justification: The increases aren't as large when the numbers are adjusted for inflation. But they still went up. In response to an inquiry from PolitiFact, the Clinton campaign provided two newspaper stories that said the NIH budget had been flat since 2003. We acknowledge that is accurate, but we still find funding has gone up during Bush's presidency. We find her statement to be .
Statement: Says Mitt Romney "had millions in a Swiss bank account.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 14, 2012
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;message machine 2012
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The trustee who managed Romney’s holdings has publicly confirmed that Mitt and Ann Romney had "approximately $3 million" in assets in a Swiss bank account between 2003 and 2010, and the Romney campaign did not object to that characterization when we contacted them for this story. Swiss bank accounts may make good fodder for campaign commercials and Jason Bourne movies , but there's nothing to indicate Romney did anything illegal or improper with the account. While it is now closed, the  in Obama’s ad was stated in the past tense -- that Romney "had millions in a Swiss bank account." That’s correct, so we rate Obama’s  .
Statement: Clarence Thomas's wife was one of the organizers of Jan 6th
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 9, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that Thomas was one of the organizers of Jan. 6. Though Thomas did signal support for "MAGA people" the morning of Jan. 6, she later clarified that those posts were made before Trump supporters stormed the Capitol. There’s no  that Thomas was involved in organizing the events that unfolded on Jan. 6. She has not been subpoenaed by the House select committee investigating the attack and rumors that she helped organize busing for Trump supporters that day have not been supported. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton is proposing "destroying Medicare for seniors.
Speaker: donald trump jr.
About the speaker: Donald Trump Jr. is the son of President Donald Trump and his former wife Ivana Trump.
Date: July 19, 2016
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Donald Trump Jr. said Clinton is proposing "destroying Medicare for seniors." Clinton is certainly not proposing that in a literal sense, and experts we contacted agreed that her actual policy proposals -- especially making Medicare an option for those between 55 and 65 -- were ambitious but were hardly a dagger at the heart of the program. We rate the  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/9f004f69-1547-4e54-a877-a2ba06f7153f
Statement: Says photos show Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton and Condoleezza Rice posing with Osama bin Laden.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 24, 2020
Topics: fake news;terrorism;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The real photo shows Obama and Hawaii attorney Andre Wooten.   The photo appears on Wooten’s website and Facebook page and also on the cover of attorney Daphne Barbee-Wooten’s 2010 book, "African-American Attorneys in Hawaii."    According to Andre Wooten’s Facebook page , the photo was taken in December 2005 when Obama, then a U.S. senator representing Illinois, visited Honolulu. Barbee-Wooten told the Daily Caller’s Check Your Fact that she snapped the original photo. We rate this Facebook post !
Statement: Here in Wisconsin, we've put in previous budgets more money into mental health services than any governor has in the last 25 years.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: December 3, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;public health;state budget;terrorism
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: But it’s clear the additional $29 million added by Walker is the largest such increase in at least 25 years, he said.    Our rating Walker said: "Here in Wisconsin, we've put in previous budgets more money into mental health services than any governor has in the last 25 years." It’s worth noting that Walker refused a federal expansion of Medicaid that would have provided more mental health services to Wisconsinites. But on putting state money into the state budget for mental health, he is correct. We rate the statement .