chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says President Barack Obama "has an Environmental Protection Agency proposal that would raise the price of gasoline by 25 cents a gallon.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: February 5, 2012
Location: national
Topics: environment
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Gingrich warned that under Obama, the EPA plans to raise gasoline prices by 25 cents a gallon. He drew that information from an industry-funded study considering the cost impacts of the EPA’s proposed Tier 3 fuel standards and went right for the high end of the estimate. "Surely he knows that API has a vested interest in presenting a high projection," said Jenkins, of Republicans for Environmental Protection. Even more importantly, the study concluded its cost estimates based on fuel-standard changes that EPA is not considering. When looking only at lowering the sulfur content of gasoline, the cost would be far lower -- even less than a penny per gallon, according to a study commissioned by an environmental group. Gingrich’s statement  and misleads, and we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/bc4d6c67-20d8-4f5c-b267-c8c971698e88
Statement: Our economy (in Louisiana) has grown 50 percent faster than the national GDP, even since the national recession.
Speaker: bobby jindal
About the speaker: Bobby Jindal is the governor of Louisiana and a candidate for president in 2016. He was elected to his first term in 2007. Prior to that, he served as a congressman from 2004 to 2008, representing the suburban areas north of New Orleans.
Date: February 26, 2014
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Jindal said, "Our economy (in Louisiana) has grown 50 percent faster than the national GDP, even since the national recession." The time frame Jindal’s office said he used -- from 2007 to 2012 -- is a reasonable one, and using that period does make his  accurate. However, it’s worth remembering that taking one crack at the numbers can tell an incomplete story. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: He made time to go to the gym, but canceled a visit with wounded troops. Seems the Pentagon wouldn't allow him to bring cameras.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 26, 2008
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The fact remains, too, that Obama could have done a private visit even after the Pentagon raised its objections. Obama had done such visits before. We can't give McCain's campaign any points for accuracy here, but neither can we say Obama is a helpless victim of a baseless attack. To do that we would have to give Obama and his version of the campaign's plans every benefit of the doubt. That leads us to .
Statement: The top 1% pays 90% of income taxes.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 14, 2021
Topics: income;taxes;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post criticizing the message on a dress worn by Ocasio-Cortez said that "the top 1% pays 90% of income taxes." According to the latest IRS figures, 97% of federal income taxes in 2018 were paid by half of the taxpayers — which includes taxpayers with adjusted gross incomes of almost $44,000 and up. We rate the post .
Statement: Prop 56 cheats schools out of at least $600 million.
Speaker: no on 56 campaign
About the speaker: The No on 56 campaign opposes California's proposed $2 per pack cigarette tax. It is funded by tobacco companies
Phillip Morris and R.J. Reynolds.
Date: August 16, 2016
Location: california
Topics: education;public health;taxes
Context: radio and online advertisements
Fact-check justification: The No on 56 campaign is running ads that say the proposed tobacco tax "cheats schools out of at least $600 million a year." The measure includes an exemption from the state’s school funding guarantee. A portion of its revenues, estimated at up to $1.4 billion, could otherwise have been directed toward school funding. But past tobacco taxes and a tax to fund mental health services have also legally avoided this guarantee. Those had exemptions allowing their revenues to fund health services. This doesn't mean, however, that money will be taken from schools or community colleges under Prop 56. The measure, in fact, sends about $20 million to schools for tobacco prevention programs. The  that Prop 56 "cheats" schools goes too far. It might have been accurate to say the measure exempts most all revenue from going to schools. But the term chosen by No on 56 is . We rate the  .    – The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/aabdc989-5155-4716-837a-cae1783eac21
Statement: Says a "rape kit" can be used to "clean out" women, "basically like" dilation and curettage.
Speaker: jodie laubenberg
About the speaker: Jodie Laubenberg, who represents a Collin County district, has been a Texas House member since 2003.
Date: June 23, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;health care;public health
Context: Texas House debate on Senate Bill 5
Fact-check justification: Laubenberg said a rape kit is equivalent to dilation and curettage surgery. A rape kit consists of items a medical specialist employs to gather  related to a possible sexual assault. It is not the same as the D and C procedure, which removes the lining of the uterus. We find this unsupported   and . . UPDATE, 10:20 a.m., June 25, 2013 : After this article posted, we heard back from Laubenberg. We amended the story to include her comments about her statement. The -O-Meter rating was not affected.
Statement: Did Obama know that Tony Rezko was saving him $300,000 on the purchase of his home?
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: June 4, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The GOP offers no proof that the price paid by the Obamas was anything other than a matter of negotiation, or that the Obamas would have had to pay $300,000 more if not for the Rezkos' purchase. In fact, the seller specifically confirmed that the Obamas' offer of $1.65-million was the best offer he received on the house. Further, the seller confirmed that he did not offer the Obamas a discount on the price of the house "on the basis of or in relation to the price offered and accepted on the lot." Having the Rezkos as flexible buyers on the vacant lot might have helped the Obamas get the house they had been trying to buy, but there's just nothing to support the GOP  that the Rezkos saved the Obamas $300,000. We say .
Statement: Before Medicare, only 51 percent of Americans 65 and older had health care coverage and nearly 30 percent lived below the poverty line. Today, thanks to Medicare ... nearly all seniors have coverage and 75 percent fewer struggle in poverty.
Speaker: ron kind
About the speaker: Democrat Ron Kind has represented Wisconsin's third congressional district since 1996.
Date: June 30, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: medicare;poverty
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Kind spokeswoman Leah Hunter said the congressman did not mean to suggest Medicare was the sole reason for the poverty-line change. Let’s bring this home. Kind claimed that basically half of seniors lacked health insurance before Medicare, and the program reduced the share of seniors in poverty by 75 percent. His statistics pan out, but he overplays his hand by making Medicare the hero for getting seniors above the poverty line when experts agree other things, chiefly Social Security, are the reason. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Nancy Pelosi passed a bill awarding a $9 billion contract to her husband's company.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 23, 2020
Topics: corporations;ethics;federal budget;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post asserted that Nancy Pelosi used her position on the House Appropriations Committee to pass a bill giving her husband a $9 billion contract to sell Postal Service properties.  However, Pelosi hasn’t held a seat on the House Appropriations Committee for 18 years and no such bill exists. We rate this post ! ​
Statement: House Speaker Kevin McCarthy called for the immediate "expulsion and prosecution of Rep. Adam Schiff for committing crimes of treason against the United States.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 17, 2023
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact reached out to McCarthy and Schiff for comment, but did not receive replies. We rate the  that McCarthy called for Schiff’s immediate "expulsion and prosecution" . RELATED: Durham report criticized elements of FBI's investigation into Donald Trump's 2016  RELATED: Rep. George Santos has been indicted. Will he face consequences in Congress?
Statement: Marco Rubio's "economic proposals will add $3.5 trillion to the federal deficit.
Speaker: rachel maddow
About the speaker: Rachel Maddow is the host of MSNBC’s “The Rachel Maddow Show”. She formerly hosted a radio program of the same name on the defunct Air America network.
Date: July 19, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: bush administration;federal budget;pundits;taxes
Context: comments on her MSNBC show
Fact-check justification: We realize we're not going to be able to change people's basic economic philosophies. We're not here today trying to disprove supply-side economics, or boost another economic thought. Based on our analysis, we do think it's a stretch for someone like Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell to suggest the Bush 2001 and 2003 tax cuts were revenue neutral. And yet we also see the logic in the argument that lower taxes could stimulate investment in the economy, creating an army of new taxpayers. Rubio, himself, realizes spending cuts also will be necessary to offset at least some of the tax cuts he's proposed -- and to shrink the federal deficit. Rubio's campaign announced he would roll out ideas to cut government spending on July 26 in Jacksonville. And we'll be ready to examine them. But in this case, we're sticking to Maddow's  that Rubio's "economic proposals will add $3.5 trillion to the federal deficit." The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office says that extending the 2001 and 2003 Bush tax cuts, repealing the estate tax and continuing to adjust the Alternative Minimum Tax for inflation will increase the federal deficit $3.4 trillion between now and 2020. That's right about on the mark, and only measures the impact of three of Rubio's tax cutting ideas. But unlike Maddow, we do want to leave some leeway for the economic growth those broad-based tax reforms could generate, as well as Rubio's spending cuts, still to be revealed. We rate her statement .
Statement: It's been proven that sugar triggers and causes cancer. … So the best thing to do to prevent cancer is to avoid sugar.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 10, 2022
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: "It’s been proven that sugar triggers and causes cancer," a video on Facebook said. "So the best thing to do to prevent cancer is to avoid sugar." Although consuming large amounts of sugar can put a person at higher risk of certain cancers, sugar itself is not carcinogenic. Avoiding sugar altogether will not stop cancer from growing and doing so could also lead to unhealthy weight loss. We rate this  .
Statement: Says the Arizona immigration law "expressly bans racial profiling.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: May 23, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact concluded that the revised law has too much wiggle room to back up Brewer's statement that it lays "to rest questions over the possibility of racial profiling." Of course, Cornyn didn't venture as far as Brewer. He simply said the law expressly bans such profiling, and it does — though the law also expressly leaves room for profiling that passes constitutional muster, a significant and legally squishy factor that Cornyn's statement doesn't acknowledge. Experts expect the profiling topic to be thrashed out for years to come. We rate Cornyn's statement as .
Statement: When I was in college, we used to take a popcorn popper . . . and we would fry squirrel.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: January 18, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: an interview on MSNBC's Morning Joe
Fact-check justification: he told us. "With hot biscuits and gravy and fried squirrel and corn on the cob – it's like dying and going to heaven!" He said cooking them is easy: "Fry them to a beautiful golden brown on all sides and then turn the heat down; cover the skillet and put in water or maybe good cooking wine. You just let them steam in that for 15 minutes or half an hour," he said We found recipes on other Web sites that also looked promising: squirrel cacciatore, squirrel croquettes and squirrels in cream sauce. Yum!
Statement: CDC says expect a polio-like outbreak coming in children in the next four months.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 15, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The symptoms can look like polio symptoms .   But the agency didn’t warn of a flood of children suffering from this disease. Since the CDC started tracking it in August 2014, there have been 665 confirmed cases , including 32 cases in 2020 and 15 in 2021.    Less than one person in a million will ever develop it, according to the Washington State Department of Health . We rate this post .
Statement: Says Alex Sink supported "higher property taxes.
Speaker: republican party of florida
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Florida represents Republicans in Florida.
Date: February 10, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Florida says Sink supported "higher property taxes," referring to her somewhat lukewarm opposition to 2008’s Save Our Homes Amendment 1, which adjusted property taxes in a way that lowered them for most homeowners. The  is  in that it implies to voters she wanted to raise property taxes across the board. That wasn’t the case; Sink wanted to keep taxes at the same level, not raise them. There’s an element of  here, but it leaves out context that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: Jason Aldean gig canceled after he sells out to liberals on 'SNL'.
Speaker: asamericanasapplepie.org
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: October 8, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: We’ve fact-checked plenty of stories that originated from websites run by or affiliated with Blair, including TheLastLineOfDefense.org , FreedomCrossroad.us , OurLandOfTheFree.com and FreedomJunkshun.com . AsAmericanAsApplePie.org uses the same website architecture as these other sites, and carries a disclaimer that reads , "As American as Apple Pie is here to be your beacon of something you can kinda rely on sometimes but not really." We reached out to the site but did not hear back. This  story capitalizes on real events but inserts  details into the narrative to confuse readers. We rate it !
Statement: Drone technology now allows an individual to be recorded in their homes by drones as small as birds and immediately uploaded to the internet.
Speaker: chris taylor
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Chris Taylor, a Madison Democrat, was elected to the Assembly in a special election in August 2011. An attorney, she is the former public policy director of Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin.
Date: April 1, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;privacy issues
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: That authorization was limited to the Arctic. Our rating Taylor said that "drone technology now allows an individual to be recorded in their homes by drones as small as birds and immediately uploaded to the internet." There are legal and operational obstacles to making this scenario a reality, we learned. But Taylor’s carefully worded statement was about the state of the technology, and her scenario is technically possible right now. We rate her statement .
Statement: Says New York Democrat Jenna Tull was recorded saying, "Americans should be euthanized when they hit 70. They just become too dumb….and think of the money we'd save!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 23, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "No surprise to me, same folks who kill full term babies. I knew they would come for old people next! Evil," wrote another. They don’t have to worry about voting her out of office, though. We rate this post !
Statement: Infection rates in Allegany, Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties have consistently been among the lowest in the state.
Speaker: george borrello
About the speaker: George Borrello is a Republican state senator representing a district in western New York.
Date: May 11, 2020
Location: new york
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Borrello said that "infection rates in Allegany, Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties have consistently been among the lowest in the state." A look at the data from the end of March to mid-May confirms that the infection rate in each of the three counties was usually in the bottom one-third of counties in the state, and by the time Borello made his statement, they were all in the bottom one-fifth of counties. By contrast, Erie and Niagara were consistently in the top half of counties as measured by infections per capita. We rate the statement .
Statement: If Florida had not taken the stimulus, it "would have led to the firing of 20,000 teachers.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: October 10, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: economy;education;stimulus
Context: a gubernatorial debate
Fact-check justification: Crist said that if Florida had not taken the stimulus it "would have led to the firing of 20,000 teachers." The Education Department identified 19,166 full-time equivalent jobs affected by the stimulus money. That’s close to what Crist said, but that figure includes not just teachers but other types of school workers as well. In addition, it’s difficult to pinpoint the exact number of teachers who would have been laid off statewide, since districts would have had discretion in how to handle budget cutting and may have had other options to reduce spending beyond laying off teachers. The statement is accurate but needs clarification, so we rate it .
Statement: Investigators: Anthony Bourdain was killed by Clinton operatives.
Speaker: yournewswire.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: June 10, 2018
Topics: fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Sean Adl-Tabatabai, editor-in chief at YourNewsWire.com and author of the  report, told us the investigators referenced were "online sleuths who dug up Anthony’s tweets and joined the dots." He also pointed again to Bourdain’s May tweet as proof of the Clintons’ involvement. We found no  that the Clintons played any role in Bourdain’s death. Bourdain died by suicide and was found unresponsive in his hotel room by a close friend, CNN reported . We rate this statement !
Statement: Videos show Planned Parenthood "aiding sex traffickers in their crimes.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 16, 2023
Topics: abortion;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: A Live Action Instagram post claimed videos showed Planned Parenthood aiding sex traffickers in their crimes. Planned Parenthood said the videos, released in 2011, were edited to show only parts of conversations Planned Parenthood employees had with people whom Live Action had hired and posed as sex workers and sex traffickers. The employee in one video was fired for acting inappropriately; an employee in a different video followed the law and company protocol. These videos show staged events involving undercover actors. Live Action’s post omits that context and other actions Planned Parenthood took following these incidents, including alerting federal authorities of alleged sex trafficking involving minors. We rate this  .