chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The president has been very clear. All forms of abuse, all forms of battery against women are deplorable and disgusting. ... He's said that multiple times in the past.
Speaker: hogan gidley
About the speaker: Hogan Gidley was formerly the national press secretary for Donald Trump's reelection campaign. Before that, he was deputy press secretary in the Trump White House.
Date: February 12, 2018
Location: national
Topics: crime;women
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Gidley said that on many occasions, Trump has said that abuse of women is disgusting and deplorable. Trump may have said such things privately, but his public stance has been quite different. Trump did sign a proclamation on domestic violence and — years ago, on Twitter — berated the military for allowing rape and abuse to undermine military readiness. But Trump has not conveyed his personal thoughts against domestic abuse when asked about the Porter case directly, and Gidley's comment left viewers with the  idea.  Instead, Trump came out against a rush to judgment against those broadly accused of taking advantage of women, which might include physical abuse. And he described Porter's situation as "very sad" and wished him well in his career. If there’s a pattern of Trump decrying violence against women, it hasn’t left much of a visible trail. We rate this  .
Statement: A white family is likely to have about six times as much wealth than a black or Hispanic family coming out of the recession.
Speaker: alicia menendez
About the speaker: Alicia Menendez is a journalist with Fusion.
Date: April 27, 2014
Topics: income;jobs;punditfact
Context: comments on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Menendez said, "A white family is likely to have about six times as much wealth than a black or Hispanic family coming out of the recession." A study from the Urban Institute supports her statistic. Other research shows an even wider gap, further proving her point that race is a factor in U.S. wealth. Menendez's statement is accurate, and might even understate the issue. We rate her  .
Statement: Says after the shooting in El Paso, "on Sunday, everyone was going to church in America, praying about this, and the next day when their kids went to school, they weren't allowed to pray or bring it up.
Speaker: dan patrick
About the speaker: As a Houston state senator, Dan Patrick won election as lieutenant governor of Texas in November 2014 after earlier defeating incumbent David Dewhurst for his party's nomination. Patrick also has hosted a daily talk show on AM700 in Houston.
Date: August 8, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: religion
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: In two interviews, Patrick said that students would not be able to pray following the mass shooting in El Paso. He also said they would be unable to discuss the shooting at school. Patrick’s  is . School-sponsored prayer is prohibited, but students are allowed to pray individually and, in Texas, during a required moment of silence. There is no statewide policy that dictates whether teachers can discuss current events with their students, including mass shootings. There are many avenues available to students who wish to discuss these events with school personnel. We rate this  .
Statement: mRNA technology in COVID-19 vaccines was never tested in humans.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 21, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: A widely circulated social media post claimed that the mRNA technology in COVID-19 vaccines was never tested in humans, "now mankind is being pressured to take it, with assurances that it is safe and effective." The two predominant COVID-19 vaccines in the U.S., Moderna and Pfizer, use mRNA technology and were tested in tens of thousands of humans before they were authorized. The clinical trials and the real-world results have shown both vaccines to be safe and effective.  We rate the post .
Statement: Rick Perry attempted to fast-track unnecessary coal-fired power plants, which degrade air quality and would cost billions. Fortunately, a court stopped him.
Speaker: bill white
About the speaker: Bill White, an author, is a San Antonio native who was mayor of Houston from 2004-2009. He was the 2010 Democratic nominee for governor of Texas.
Date: May 17, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: environment
Context: an e-mail
Fact-check justification: Whether the plants were unnecessary, as White puts it, depends on whose argument rings your bell. White is right in that plants fueled by other sources helped satisfy the state's electricity needs. Yet he's  if the few coal-fired plants that were completed helped Texas avoid a demand crisis. We're calling it a draw. The standoff on the question of necessity leaves White's statement .
Statement: In-N-Out cups say "F--- Joe Biden.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 24, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In addition to John 3:16 on the soda cup, the milkshake cup features Proverbs 3:5 and the burger wrappers have Revelation 3:20.   In-N-Out has also addressed questions about the cups on its Facebook page. In response to someone asking in 2016 if its cups "seriously say hail Satan on the rim on the bottom," the verified In-N-Out Burger account replied and said, "This is a hoax and not something we printed on our cups. "  This is also a hoax. We rate claims that In-N-Out cups insult Biden .
Statement: These 'peaceful' protesters burned these horses to death.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 1, 2020
Topics: animals;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says protesters burned horses to death in a vehicle that drove through a crowd of protesters. Without any  of fire, we rate the Facebook post .
Statement: Photos show the health ministers of Canada and Los Angeles.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 13, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: And a reverse image search of the photo led us to what looks like the original. In the altered version, her eyes are bigger and blacker, her skin tone is changed, and her teeth are exaggerated.   The second doctored image is of Dr. Barbara Ferrer , director of the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health. A reverse image search of the photo shows that here, too, her skin tone was changed — giving her a ghostly appearance — and dark circles appear around her eyes in a way that doesn’t reflect what she actually looked like when the picture was taken.   We rate claims that these photos are authentic and unaltered .
Statement: Under the Endangered Species Act, "only 1 percent of the species that have been listed have actually been delisted.
Speaker: cynthia lummis
About the speaker: Cynthia Lummis is a Republican U.S. Representative from the state of Wyoming.
Date: August 23, 2013
Location: national
Topics: environment;animals
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Lummis said that under the Endangered Species Act, "only 1 percent of the species that have been listed have actually been delisted." She’s correct, though one could just as easily say that less than 1 percent of the species placed on the list have become extinct, and that many species have improved without being delisted. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate her statement .
Statement: Says Clint Eastwood called Barack Obama an "incompetent, lying, insincere, narcissistic, double-talking, socialist hypocrite, and fiscally irresponsible moron who spent eight years in the White House trying to … turn our wonderful country into a Muslim loving, socialist sh--hole like the one he came from, and I don't mean Hawaii!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 31, 2019
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Neither did PolitiFact Texas, when it checked a similar missive . In that version, Eastwood supposedly said he voted against "that incompetent, lying, flip-flopping, insincere, double-talking, radical socialist, terrorist excusing, bleeding heart, narcisisstic, scientific and economic moron. "  Snopes fact-checked yet another version back in March 2014 and traced them back to untitled, uncredited postings made a year prior that were not connected to Eastwood at all.   We found nothing to substantiate this Facebook post.   We rate it !
Statement: Says Wisconsin Republicans "pushed for long lines and polls open for one day only.
Speaker: democratic party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Democratic Party of Wisconsin focuses on advancing state Democratic candidates and related issues.
Date: July 10, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: The Democratic Party of Wisconsin in a fundraising email said Wisconsin Republicans "pushed for long lines and polls open for one day only." There is some  in the assertion Republicans pushed for one day of voting, though it does ignore GOP calls for early voting. And although Republicans did advocate for an in-person election, the  that they "pushed for long lines" is off the mark. Our definition of  is the "statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression." That fits here.
Statement: Says 90 percent of Americans and 74 percent of National Rifle Association members support background checks of gun purchasers.
Speaker: lee leffingwell
About the speaker: Lee Leffingwell, initially elected mayor in 2009, is a former Austin City Council member and retired airline pilot. Leffingwell, a past chair of the city's Environmental Board, grew up in Austin's Bouldin neighborhood, according to the biography posted on the city's web site.
Date: March 28, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: regulation;guns
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Austin’s mayor said 90 percent of Americans and 74 percent of National Rifle Association members support universal background checks for gun purchases. Polls taken in 2012 and 2013 support both figures, though one taken closest to Leffingwell’s press conference indicates support among all Americans possibly slipping a bit below 90 percent. Also, the 2012 poll he cited for NRA members rolled together responses of current and former/lapsed members. Then again, a 2013 poll similarly suggests that 74 percent of NRA members favor universal background checks. We rate this  as .
Statement: Even with full control of the House, Senate and White House, Republicans have still failed to deliver on their promise of higher wages for working families.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: December 8, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;workers
Context: a statement released by her office
Fact-check justification: Pelosi said, "Even with full control of the House, Senate and White House, Republicans have still failed to deliver on their promise of higher wages for working families." The two best statistics for judging this assertion both show wage growth. One of them, however, shows growth that’s  above inflation, meaning that Americans wouldn’t necessarily keep any more of their income in their pocket. We rate her statement .
Statement: We have been teaching these (Common Core) standards in Florida schools since 2010.
Speaker: janet adkins
About the speaker: Janet Adkins lives in Fernandina Beach and was elected as a Republican to the state Legislature in 2008.
Date: March 24, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: a Florida House subcommittee meeting
Fact-check justification: While defending a bill that sets new rules about school grades, Adkins said, "We have been teaching these (Common Core) standards in Florida schools since 2010." The state adopted the standards in 2010 but didn’t start phasing them in until the 2011-12 school year. In the first year, Common Core was only fully implemented in kindergarten and partially implemented in other grades. Though the state Education Department said districts could have started teaching the standards as early as 2010, the state had no data to show that any did. We rate this  .
Statement: Just days ago, Iran's Supreme Leader (Ali) Khamenei, who will oversee implementation of this agreement, was calling Israel a 'rabid dog' and accusing the United States of war crimes.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: November 23, 2013
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;nuclear
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Rubio said, "Just days ago, Iran's Supreme Leader (Ali) Khamenei, who will oversee implementation of this agreement, was calling Israel a 'rabid dog' and accusing the United States of war crimes." Based on expert translations, we confirmed that Khamenei referred to either Israel or the Israeli government as the animals of the Middle East. In the same speech, he criticized the United States, saying they "continue to commit crimes" in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq and Guantanamo Bay. We rate Rubio’s statement .
Statement: Klein did not hold a single town hall meeting (on health care) where the general public was invited to ask questions or present their views.
Speaker: allen west
About the speaker: Allen West announced in July 2021 that he is running for the Republican primary for Texas governor. He served for about a year as chairman of the Texas Republican Party, stepping down in June 2021. West represented Florida's 22nd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013. Lieutenant Colonel West retired from the Army in 2004 after 22 years of service.
Date: March 21, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: press release
Fact-check justification: Town Hall meetings should be widely advertised to citizens, not email blasted to members of the media." We don't agree with the West campaign's interpretation. Indeed, the reason that congressional offices "blast" e-mails to the media about these events is to advertise them widely. And to West's , we find Klein provided notice and held at least three public events on health care. We find West's  to be .
Statement: Joe Biden forced the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina to resign after 24 people were charged with election fraud and the Mainstream Media never even batted an eyelash.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: March 21, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The tweet said "Joe Biden forced the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina to resign after 24 people were charged with election fraud and the Mainstream Media never even batted an eyelash."  Biden did ask for the resignation of the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina, as is common practice during a presidential transition. And the attorney recently announced charges against 24 people as part of an investigation into voter fraud. But this tweet leaves out context about those events and wrongly suggests the events are somehow related. It’s also  to say that the media didn’t report on these matters. There was extensive reporting surrounding the investigation that led to election fraud charges, as well as the post-election changes in the attorney general’s office. The tweet contains elements of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: A girl was "decapitated" in front of her parents by a Somali migrant. Media "covered up" the murder.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 12, 2020
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post says a Somali migrant decapitated Emily Jones in front of her parents at a park, and that the media covered up the murder.  Credible news sources have reported that Jones was fatally stabbed, not decapitated, in front of her parents at a park.  News reports say the woman arrested at the scene is 30 years old, but police have not released further identifying information pending an investigation, and we didn’t find any news stories reporting on her name, nationality or immigration status. Many news outlets have covered the case in the weeks since the killing and have reported the information that has been made public. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says children at Homestead migrant facility "get 30 minutes over a month to talk to family members. If they were in a prison — a federal prison — they would get 300 minutes.
Speaker: donna shalala
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Donna E. Shalala represents the 27th district in south Florida and was elected in 2018. She was the president of the University of Miami 2001-2015 and then served as president and CEO of the Clinton Foundation. Shalala served as the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services 1993-2001.
Date: July 21, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;criminal justice
Context: an interview on CBSMiami with Jim DeFede
Fact-check justification: Shalala said children at the Homestead migrant facility "get 30 minutes over a month to talk to family members. If they were in a prison — a federal prison — they would get 300 minutes." Shalala misspoke about the number of minutes the children get to speak. It is 10 minutes twice a week, which adds up to 80 minutes a month. The number of minutes stems from a policy written in 2015 during the Obama administration.  The other part of her  is on point: The children receive less telephone time than federal prisoners, who get 300 minutes a month. Unlike the children, federal prisoners either pay for their calls or call collect. We rate this statement .
Statement: Under Trump's new tax plan … 99.8% of Americans" get "not one nickel" in tax cuts.
Speaker: kelda helen roys
About the speaker: Kelda Helen Roys, a Madison Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2008 and served until 2012. In 2012, she lost to Mark Pocan in the race for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. House of Representatives. She is running for the Democratic nomination for governor in 2018. An attorney, Roys is the former executive director of NARAL Pro-Choice Wisconsin, which supports abortion rights.
Date: December 1, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: wealth;taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But her tweet made no reference to the estate tax. It gave the impression she was referring to Trump’s overall tax plan. That plan has its critics, including those who believe it gives too much to the rich. Nevertheless, as has been widely reported, the plan offers widespread tax cuts. We rate Roys’ statement .
Statement: There comes a point in the last year of the president, especially in their second term, where you stop nominating" both Supreme Court justices and Court of Appeals judges.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: February 14, 2016
Location: national
Topics: supreme court
Context: comments on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Rubio said, "There comes a point in the last year of the president, especially in their second term, where you stop nominating" both Supreme Court justices and Court of Appeals judges. Rubio suggested that point is now. The chance for an outgoing president to make a Supreme Court nomination in his last year in office has only happened once in the past century, in 1968. But presidents do continue to nominate appellate judges in their final year. Out of the last four presidents who served two terms, all of them made nominations to the Court of Appeals (as well as the District Courts) in their last year. We rate Rubio’s  . Correction: Ronald Reagan's final full year in office was 1988. An earlier version of this fact-check listed the  year.
Statement: Says Ohio U.S. Rep. Troy Balderson backs a "massive tax giveaway" for corporations "by slashing Medicare and Social Security.
Speaker: danny o'connor
About the speaker: Danny O'Connor, a Democrat running in Ohio's 12th Congressional District.
Date: September 25, 2018
Location: national
Topics: medicare;social security
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: O’Connor’s ad says Balderson "backs a massive tax giveaway" for his corporate donors, suggesting he "works" for them, "by slashing Medicare and Social Security for us." Balderson certainly takes campaign contributions from corporations. And Balderson supports corporate tax cuts, too. The entire tax package added to deficits -- which so far have been financed with higher federal borrowing, not cuts to retirement programs. Nevertheless, changes to those programs could come. But the idea of "slashing" Medicare or Social Security is not what’s been proposed. Rather, Republicans have suggested holding down their growth rate and allowing private accounts, with a lot of details still to come. PolitiFact has rated claims that say the tax cuts will lead to Social Security and Medicare cuts as , reasoning that policies like the tax cuts and balanced budget bills could make cuts more likely, though not certain. But O’Connor went further. His ad said Balderson "backs a massive tax giveaway" for corporations "by slashing Medicare and Social Security for us." It’s speculative, scary and oversteps what is known to be on the table. We rate it .