chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Cresent Hardy agreed with Mitt Romney "about the 47 percent" and said that "people with disabilities are, and I quote him, 'a drain on society.'
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: January 6, 2016
Location: nevada
Topics: candidate biography;disability
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: "He’s always been supportive," Guthrie said. "We have no issue with the congressman. If he was misunderstood or if something was taken out of context or if he misspoke, the overwhelming body of  as a congressman and Assembly member shows he really does support people with intellectual disabilities and organizations like Opportunity Village." Clinton is spot on in linking Hardy and Romney on the 47 percent comments, yet she’s off in criticizing him over supposed comments on people with disabilities. Because there are so many issues with the second part of Clinton’s , we rate this  .
Statement: According to the Census Bureau, "5 million more people voted than were registered to vote" in the 2020 election.
Speaker: mike gibbons
About the speaker: Mike Gibbons is running in the 2022 Republican primary for U.S. Senate in Ohio. He also ran for the Senate GOP nomination in 2018. He was Ohio finance co-chair of Trump Victory, a joint committee of Donald Trump and the Republican National Committee in 2016.
Date: March 28, 2022
Location: national
Topics: ohio;elections;jan. 6
Context: a Republican debate
Fact-check justification: Gibbons said that according to the Census Bureau, "5 million more people voted than were registered to vote" in the 2020 election. Contrary to what Gibbons said, the Census Bureau estimated that 13 million fewer people voted than were registered to vote. That was based on statistical sampling in a survey.  The U.S. Election Commission worked directly with state election officials and found that 43 million fewer people voted than were registered to vote. That report came out last year. We rate this  .
Statement: Says a federal judge in San Antonio "issued a ruling that … not only could the students not pray at their graduation, if they used the word 'benediction,' the word 'invocation,' the word 'God,' asked the audience to stand or asked for a moment of silence, he would put the superintendent in jail.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: January 21, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: legal issues;religion
Context: remarks after winning the South Carolina Republican presidential primary
Fact-check justification: To recap, Gingrich’s  is that Biery "issued a ruling that … not only could the students not pray at their graduation, if they used the word ‘benediction,’ the word ‘invocation,’ the word ‘God,’ asked the audience to stand or asked for a moment of silence, he would put the superintendent in jail." The judge’s ruling did not broadly say students could not pray. However, his order prohibited students speaking at the graduation from leading the audience in prayer or delivering "a message that would commonly be understood to be a prayer." Gingrich is close on this part. Also, the judge told the district to banish "benediction" and "invocation" from the event. The rest of Gingrich’s , including its crescendo reference to putting the superintendent in jail, has weaknesses. The order did not bar "God" from any mention during the ceremony, only ruling out the phrase "in God’s name we pray." The judge’s order barred students from asking the audience to stand, presumably in preparation for organized prayer, but it did not forbid a moment of silence. The punch line of Gingrich’s primary-night  — that the Texas order said the superintendent would be jailed if his ruling was violated — overstates things. The order lists incarceration or "other sanctions" as possible penalties, though nothing as a certainty, and doesn’t specify the superintendent as potential inmate. Also, the punishment language appears to have been standard. We rate Gingrich’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/c5674cd1-9b64-4cb6-acd3-d197cd1abe5d
Statement: The Electronic Registration Information Center is "a system that's funded by George Soros.
Speaker: mark finchem
About the speaker: Mark Finchem was elected in 2015 as a state representative. He is running as a Republican for Arizona Secretary of State in 2022.
 
Date: October 9, 2022
Location: arizona
Topics: elections
Context: a rally
Fact-check justification: Finchem said that the Electronic Registration Information Center is "a system that’s funded by George Soros."  ERIC is a partnership among 33 states that are led by Democrats and Republicans. The group shares voter registration data to keep voter rolls up to date. It is funded by member states who pay an upfront fee to join and by annual dues. States formed ERIC in 2012 with start-up funds from the nonpartisan Pew Charitable Trusts. A Soros organization gave money to Pew between 2009 and 2011, but it was for a separate, unrelated project. We rate this statement . RELATED : Mark Finchem on the -O-Meter RELATED : How ‘stop the steal’ Republicans seeking office hope to restrict voting RELATED : A coalition of ‘stop the steal’ Republicans aims to take control of US elections. QAnon is helping RELATED : How could U.S. voting be affected if election deniers win?
Statement: Of the 18 stadiums built from 2004 to 2013, 47 percent of the total cost came from public sources.
Speaker: duriya farooqui
About the speaker: Duriya Farooqui is the chief operating officer for the city of Atlanta. Farooqui oversees all city agencies, which include about 7,000 employees and an annual budget of approximately $2 billion.
Date: February 13, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: city government;sports;taxes
Context: a presentation
Fact-check justification: Our conclusion: Farooqui said in her presentation that 47 percent of the cost of 18 pro sports facilities built in the past decade came from public sources. Our examination of the  showed the estimate is on target, even if you remove arenas. The public investment, though, in other billion-dollar stadiums is much less than 47 percent. We believe this context is necessary to fully understand Farooqui’s statement. We rate Farooqui’s  as .
Statement: Facts have come to light that indicate that a pivotal, close election was likely changed through voter fraud on November 8, 2016: New Hampshire's U.S. Senate Seat, and perhaps also New Hampshire's four Electoral College votes in the presidential election.
Speaker: kris kobach
About the speaker: Kris Kobach is running in the Republican primary for Kansas governor in 2018. He became the Kansas Secretary of State in 2011. He co-chaired the Presidential Advisory Commission on Election Integrity formed by President Donald Trump in 2017 and disbanded in January 2018.
Date: September 7, 2017
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: Breitbart column
Fact-check justification: A judge blocked the law's penalties. Kobach said, "Facts have come to light that indicate that a pivotal, close election was likely changed through voter fraud on November 8, 2016: New Hampshire’s U.S. Senate Seat, and perhaps also New Hampshire’s four Electoral College votes in the presidential election." He cited 5,313 votes cast with out-of-state IDs, but New Hampshire law says there’s nothing inherently fraudulent about them, as a person can lawfully vote in New Hampshire while holding motor vehicle registration or a driver’s license in another state. As of yet, there is no  proving fraud, or that fraudulent votes pivoted the election against Trump and Ayotte. We rate this statement .
Statement: If you are talking about Canada .. our wine cannot sit on their supermarkets.
Speaker: kevin mccarthy
About the speaker: Kevin McCarthy, who was first elected in 2006, is a Republican member of Congress representing a district in California. McCarthy was elected as House Speaker in January 2023.
Date: June 3, 2018
Location: national
Topics: food;foreign policy;government regulation;trade
Context: an interview on CNN's "State of the Union"
Fact-check justification: McCarthy said, "If you are talking about Canada .. our wine cannot sit on their supermarkets." He’s referring to an official U.S. government complaint about a provincial rule affecting how wine is sold in British Columbia supermarkets. However, that rule is not in force across Canada, and it’s worth noting that the United States sells a whole lot of wine in Canada despite the rule, including in government-run stores that do not discriminate against imports. We rate the statement .
Statement: Africans living in China now being forced to sleep outside in the cold" as "Chinese nationals blame them for the rising number of new coronavirus cases in the country.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 16, 2020
Topics: china;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A video shared on Facebook claims that "Africans living in China now being forced to sleep outside in the cold." Numerous news articles report that, amid fears of a second wave of the coronavirus, China has focused on foreigners as a possible source of the virus, and Africans in the southern China city of Guangzhou are being evicted from their homes. African leaders have called out the evictions as racist. We rate this  .
Statement: We are younger than our competitors, and this is entirely because of immigration.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: December 3, 2014
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a speech to business leaders
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "We are younger than our competitors, and this is entirely because of immigration." The United States is considerably younger than key European countries and Japan, but its age structure is largely similar to China and Russia. Brazil and India, which are best described as emerging but still developing competitors, have substantially younger populations. His main point — that immigration is driving America’s relative youth — is largely accurate. The United States is home to more immigrants than any other country, and many of them are younger and reproduce at higher rates than do native-born Americans. Without its immigration levels, the U.S. would look much more like Europe in its age structure. The statement is accurate but needs additional information, so we rate the statement .
Statement: WV families making less than $400K & small businesses will NOT be targeted by the IRS.
Speaker: joe manchin
About the speaker: Joe Manchin is a U.S. senator from West Virginia. The former governor of West Virginia won a special election in November 2010 to complete the balance of the late Sen. Robert Byrd’s term.
Date: August 28, 2022
Location: west virginia
Topics: taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Manchin said, " WV families making less than $400K & small businesses will NOT be targeted by the IRS ." This limitation wasn’t written into the Inflation Reduction Act. However, top Treasury and IRS officials have consistently confirmed that the new resources allocated to the IRS by the law will be focused on audits of the highest-paying Americans, making it stated policy. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says video shows "the Chinese are destroying the 5G poles as they are aware that it is the thing triggering the corona symptoms.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 2, 2020
Topics: china;technology;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .)   The news actually did show this footage — back in August 2019 when it reported on anti-government demonstrations in Hong Kong. As Reuters then reported, the video shows protesters tearing down "smart" lampposts "over fears they could be used to collect personal data from citizens. "  The lampposts, which have sensors and closed-circuit TV cameras, were installed as part of a smart-city initiative to monitor illegal waste dumping sites and traffic.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: This is the largest cumulative surplus for the first six months of any fiscal year in state history.
Speaker: jim justice
About the speaker: Jim Justice is the Republican governor of West Virginia. A businessman, Justice was originally elected as a Democrat.
Date: January 8, 2019
Location: west virginia
Topics: state budget
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling Justice said for fiscal year 2019, West Virginia had "the largest cumulative surplus for the first six months of any fiscal year in state history." We checked the historical data and found that he’s correct going back to 1999. However, that’s not the entire history of the state. We couldn’t confirm any data prior to 1999, so it’s conceivable that there was a larger surplus prior to that year. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Democratic opponent is "too Republican to stand up for us.
Speaker: vincent fort
About the speaker: State senator representing District 39, which runs from East Point to Buckhead.
Date: July 6, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: mailer
Fact-check justification: Contributors to Balch’s campaign include Metro Chamber of Commerce President Sam Williams, former Cousins Properties CEO Tom Bell and Lisa Borders, a former president of the Atlanta City Council who is now president of the Grady Foundation. "The good ol’ boys are out to get me," Fort said during a recent telephone interview with PolitiFact Georgia. Fort would have been correct if he had said Balch is strongly backed by Atlanta’s  business community. But the state senator appears to be on shaky ground accusing his opponent of being a Republican. We give Fort a  on this one.
Statement: The Republican-authored state budget includes a provision "forcing people earning as little as $12,000 to buy private health insurance that could cost them as much as $4,000 per year.
Speaker: dave hansen
About the speaker: Hansen, a Democrat from Green Bay, is a former teacher and truck driver who was elected to the Wisconsin Senate in 2000 and re-elected since. He was recalled in 2011 during the fallout from Republican Gov. Scott Walker's collective-bargaining bill and the subsequent protests, but won the recall election and held onto his seat. Hansen was one of 14 Democrats who fled the state for weeks rather than vote on Walker's union limits bill.
In November 2002, he was elected Senate Assistant Minority Leader by his colleagues. In November 2006, he was elected Senate Assistant Majority Leader. Hansen in 2013 was serving as Senate Assistant Democratic Leader.
Date: July 19, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: They jump up to over $4,000 for a single parent making $30,000, Peacock said. So, Hansen’s specific example is significantly off the mark -- and that’s especially problematic because he’s talking about the worst-case scenario to begin with. Our rating Hansen sought to highlight the biggest impact on a group of poor people when he said the Republican move will have the effect of "forcing people earning as little as $12,000 to buy private health insurance that could cost them as much as $4,000 per year." But Hansen errs in the example and significantly overstates the effect. We rate his  .
Statement: How many concerts would Taylor Swift have to perform to pay off one day of interest on our national debt? She would have to perform every day for three years.
Speaker: republican party of florida
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Florida represents Republicans in Florida.
Date: October 29, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: debt
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Florida asked, "How many concerts would Taylor Swift have to perform to pay off one day of interest on our national debt? She would have to perform every day for three years." This viral image was inspired by the Heritage Foundation, and while their math is based on old estimates, it stands up to scrutiny. We’ll note that Swift likely makes a lot more money these days, so she could probably pay the bill faster. But the point that it would take an inordinate amount of time to pay just a single day’s interest on the $18 trillion-plus national debt stands. We rate the statement .
Statement: America's carbon emissions are being reduced at a rate far higher than any country in the world.
Speaker: todd gilbert
About the speaker: Republican Todd Gilbert is the minority leader of Virginia's House of Delegates. He represents the rural 15th District in the Shenandoah Valley and Blue Ridge Mountains.
Gilbert was born in Newton, Texas and graduated high school in Woodtosck, Va. He's a graduate of the University of Virginia and Southern Methodist University School of Law. He worked as a prosecutor in Lynchburg and Shenandoah County before going into private law practice. Gilbert was first elected to the House in 2005 and served two years as majority leader before Democrats won control of the chamber in 2020.
 
 
Date: February 12, 2020
Topics: environment
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification: Gilbert misstated the findings of an IEA report when he said, "America’s carbon emissions are being reduced at a rate far higher than any country in the world." The report requires close reading. It found that in 2019, the U.S. cut carbon emissions by 140 million metric tons, the highest weight loss in the world. That’s significant because the U.S. is the world’s second-largest carbon polluter.   But the IEA did not say the U.S. is cutting emission higher rate than any nation, let alone a "far-higher" rate that Gilbert described. America’s 2.9% percent reduction last year was below Japan’s, Germany’s, and the combined rate of European Union nations. We rate Gilbert’s statement .   Editor's note: On a Feb. 18, 2020 VPM radio broadcast, PolitiFact Virginia rated Gilbert's statement . We downgraded it to  after coming across additional information on carbon emissions.
Statement: So many people were critical of Secretary (John) Kerry going to Paris and talking with Hamas," because Kerry was seen as "supporting Hamas to the exclusion of the Arab League.
Speaker: greta van susteren
About the speaker: Greta Van Susteren, a Wisconsin native, is a talk show host. In January 2017, her show moved from the Fox News Channel to MSNBC.
Date: August 2, 2014
Topics: israel;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: comments on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: The ruling Van Susteren said, "So many people were critical of Secretary (John) Kerry going to Paris and talking with Hamas," because Kerry was seen as "supporting Hamas to the exclusion of the Arab League." Kerry never spoke directly with Hamas, a factual error that Van Susteren acknowledged. Instead, Kerry spoke with leaders from Turkey and Qatar -- who are seen as intermediaries for Hamas. As to her point about the meeting upsetting the Arab League, experts say some key members of the League were upset, but not all of them. We rate her  .
Statement: California sends 440,000 ballots to ineligible voters.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 21, 2020
Location: california
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: A post on Instagram claims that California sends 440,000 ballots to ineligible voters, and raises the specter of voter fraud. The analysis that the post is based on cites no  of fraud and provides no  that California sent 440,000 ballots for the general election to ineligible voters. We rate the statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: Under Rick Scott, homeowners are paying higher (home insurance) premiums for less coverage.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: September 4, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: regulation
Context: a campaign document
Fact-check justification: Charlie Crist said "under Rick Scott, homeowners are paying higher premiums for less coverage." He was referring to a controversial bill Scott signed in 2011, right after taking office, that made a host of changes to the insurance industry and allowed rates to go up. The insurance industry says these changes were necessary to remain solvent after dealing with a host of factors, including two very active hurricane seasons, a jump in sinkhole claims and high reinsurance costs. Those issues have since ebbed, and many policyholders should now enjoy a small break on premiums. Rates have been rising since Crist’s last year in office, in part because companies sought to catch up from limits placed on them by his 2007 legislative push after premiums rocketed out of control. That’s a bit of additional information Crist didn’t include in his attack on Scott, but his statement is still accurate. We rate the statement .
Statement: A Minnesota lawmaker introduced a bill that would make it "illegal to discriminate against child rapists.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: April 26, 2023
Topics: lgbtq;sexuality;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: To further ensure that child sex offenders would not be protected under the state’s Human Rights Act, Rep. Harry Niska, R-Ramsey, proposed adding language to the civil law policy bill saying, "The physical or sexual attachment to children by an adult is not a protected class under this chapter." The amendment was added to the bill, which the House passed April 26; the measure awaits a Senate vote. We rate this  . RELATED: Why it’s not ‘grooming’: What research says about gender and sexuality in schools