chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Rhode Island will become just the second state to mandate the vaccine … and the only state to do so by regulatory fiat, without public debate, and without consideration from the elected representatives of the people.
Speaker: rhode island center for freedom and prosperity
About the speaker: The Rhode Island Center for Freedom and Prosperity is a conservative think tank.
Date: July 30, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: health care;government regulation
Context: news release
Fact-check justification: The center says "Rhode Island will become just the second state to mandate the vaccine … and the only state to do so by regulatory fiat, without public debate, and without consideration from the elected representatives of the people." The center, in its statement, got two things right and two things . It was right about Rhode Island being the second state and it was right that the requirement was not adopted by "the elected representatives of the people." It was  when it said the vaccination requirement was imposed "by fiat" and "without public debate."   In 2014, the ACLU sharply criticized the vaccine requirement at the public hearing and debated the proposal in social media and on its website.   As for acting by fiat, the regulation was put in place through a process established by law. And comments at a public hearing influenced that process, leading to a decision by the director of health to delay execution of the policy for one year.    More recently, the new health director told the public that philosophical objections were enough to qualify for the religious exemption. In other words, parents can pretty much say whatever they want to get exemptions for their children.   For those reasons, we rate the statement . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Says "Every legislative district in the state has at least one craft brewery and countless home brewers.
Speaker: mark johnson
About the speaker: Rep. Mark Johnson, R-Hood River, represents District 52 in the Oregon House.
Date: April 11, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: alcohol;economy
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification: Even if we exclude the two districts with McMenamins pubs, more than 90 percent of House and Senate districts in Oregon have at least one craft brewery. If Johnson had hedged his statement a bit and said that "nearly" every legislative district in the state has at least one craft brewery, this would be a . But that’s not what he said. Johnson said in his floor speech that every legislative district in the state has at least one craft brewery. We rate this statement  — and hope to see you out on the beer trail soon to toast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Statement: Kathy Barnette wants to build a statue of Barack Obama right next to the one of Abraham Lincoln on Capitol Hill.
Speaker: usa freedom fund
About the speaker: USA Freedom Fund is a Super PAC formed to support the U.S. Senate candidacy of Republican Josh Mandel in Ohio.
Date: May 11, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: history;race and ethnicity
Context: an attack ad
Fact-check justification: A super PAC claimed "Kathy Barnette wants to build a statue of Barack Obama right next to the one of Abraham Lincoln on Capitol Hill." Barnette said she did propose a statue of Obama and his family, but she never voted for him, or backed his policies. Her idea was to use three statues to show how far Black people have come since the time of slavery. The statement is accurate but needs clarification. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Amanda Fritz "manages less than 5 percent of city operations.
Speaker: mary nolan
About the speaker: Mary Nolan represents Southwest Portland in the Oregon House of Representatives. She has said she will run for a seat on the Portland City Council in 2012
Date: March 30, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: city government
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: "Establishing a new bureau is a lot more difficult than taking over a bureau," she said. Finally, she noted that the office of Neighborhood Involvement may have just 39 budgeted positions, but it works with a network of thousands of volunteers. The context -- and the fact that assignments are ultimately up to the mayor -- may take some of the bite out of Nolan’s remark but it doesn’t make it . The numbers back Nolan up; if you look at budgets or staffing, Fritz manages less than 5 percent of city operations. We rate this  .
Statement: Buzz Aldrin's comments during an interview with Conan O'Brien prove the moon landing was fake.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 16, 2022
Topics: space;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: On the advice of the military, according to the post, NASA contracted with Westinghouse to develop a small, $2.29 million black-and-white camera. It was stored for flight in a compartment near the ladder that Armstrong climbed down to reach the moon’s surface. It was activated when he pulled on a handle that released it from the compartment. It then transmitted images back to Earth.   We rate claims that Aldrin’s comments prove the moon landing was  .
Statement: In a matter of days, and in some cases the moment may even have passed, that we've reached the peak of the rate of infections.
Speaker: pat toomey
About the speaker: Pat Toomey is a U.S. senator from Pennsylvania, having won election to his seat in 2010 by defeating Democratic Rep. Joe Sestak. Toomey occupies the seat formerly held by Sen. Arlen Specter, to whom he narrowly lost in the 2004 Republican U.S. Senate primary.
Date: April 15, 2020
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus;pennsylvania
Context: a Politico interview
Fact-check justification: Making the case to reopen the nation’s economy, Toomey said, "In a matter of days, and in some cases the moment may even have passed, that we’ve reached the peak of the rate of infections." Data on coronavirus case counts and fatalities show that the country’s outbreak is subsiding. But Toomey’s comments don’t account for what will happen once social distancing ends. A new Washington Post analysis shows that hospitals in many parts of the country will be overrun, including large swathes of Pennsylvania, if two in 10 adults contract the virus over the next year. Toomey’s comments to Politico are partially accurate but leave out important details. We rate this statement .
Statement: Kelly Ayotte voted to give big oil more than $20 billion in tax breaks.
Speaker: democratic senatorial campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: September 6, 2016
Location: new hampshire
Topics: voting record;wealth;taxes
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: But that’s slightly different than what the ad says. Rather than vote to give the companies a new break, as the ad implies, Ayotte voted to support the status quo. Ayotte’s record is more complex, however, and she cast more recent votes that would have repealed some tax breaks for big oil. The statement is accurate but needs clarification. We rate the ad’s  .
Statement: Langevin has been the most reliable vote for Speaker Pelosi.
Speaker: mark s. zaccaria
About the speaker: Mark Zaccaria is a Rhode Island Republican who ran unsuccessfully for one of the state's U.S. Senate seats in 2014. He also made two unsuccessful bids for Rhode Island's 2nd Congressional District, the most recent in 2010. He is a former chairman of the Rhode Island Republican Party. Born in 1949, he is a former corporate executive who operates a business-to-business marketing consulting business. A former Air Force instructor pilot, he served two terms on the North Kingstown Town Council and four years on the local zoning board. He is married with three children.
Date: June 2, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a posting on his website
Fact-check justification: We went to the same source cited by Zaccaria’s campaign manager, Parker Lacoste -- a page on WashingtonPost.com that looks at the voting record of individual members of Congress. The same paragraph that says Langevin “voted with a majority of his Democratic colleagues 99.2% of the time during the current Congress” also invites people to see “ a full list of party voters .” That’s where we discovered that there were eight Democrats with higher ratings, including Rep. Hilda Solis of California, who voted the party line 100 percent of the time. Langevin may be a very reliable vote for Pelosi, but it was VERY easy to discover that eight other representatives were more reliable. So we can reliably tell you that Zaccaria's "most reliable"  is .
Statement: I was the first presidential candidate to lay out a specific, truly universal health care plan.
Speaker: john edwards
About the speaker: John Edwards is a former U.S. senator from North Carolina who was John Kerry's running mate in 2004. A personal injury attorney, Edwards was born in South Carolina in 1953 and now lives in Chapel Hill, N.C. He graduated from North Carolina State University and earned a law degree from the University of North Carolina Law School. He is married to Elizabeth Edwards, who has been diagnosed with cancer. They have three children; a fourth was killed in an auto accident. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: September 26, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Hanover, N.H
Fact-check justification: It was introduced in the House in 2005, though Kucinich supported an earlier version during his previous run for president in 2004. It would provide free health care for all, including primary care, prescription drugs, and mental health services. The plan would be paid for by cost savings and tax increases on the top 5 percent of income earners, an increased payroll tax, and taxes on stock and bond transactions. The legislation has little chance of passing, but it's still fairly specific and it's certainly universal. Edwards may have had caveats in mind when he made his comment, but "first" means "first," and Edwards wasn't.
Statement: Next week has a time change, full moon and Friday the 13th.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 8, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: And March 13 falls on Saturday. In March 2020, these three events did happen in the same week. Daylight saving time fell on Sunday, March 8 , the full moon was Monday, March 9 , and March 13 was a Friday.   In 2021, though, no such luck.   We rate this post .
Statement: The phone President Richard Nixon used to talk to the first astronauts on the moon is evidence the 1969 moon landing was faked.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 4, 2023
Topics: space;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: antennas attached to the backpacks carried by Armstrong and Aldrin." The call used technology developed by the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Geological Survey and several corporate contractors, including BellCom, the Bell System subsidiary that was formed at NASA’s request in 1952 and employed scientists from Bell Labs. An S-Band Transponder developed by General Dynamics Corp. enabled the communications between Apollo 11 and Mission Control, according to the aerospace and defense company, and it had to be designed to withstand extreme cold, heat and radiation. "Hundreds of employees" in Scottsdale, Arizona, began developing the transponder in 1962. Claims that say the moon landing was a hoax because of Nixon’s phone call rate .
Statement: Not a single Democrat opposed Neil Gorsuch's confirmation in 2006.
Speaker: mitch mcconnell
About the speaker: Mitch McConnell is a U.S. Senator from Kentucky and the Republican minority leader in the U.S. Senate.
Date: February 1, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: bipartisanship;supreme court
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: McConnell said, "Not a single Democrat opposed Neil Gorsuch's confirmation in 2006." Gorsuch was approved by unanimous consent by the Senate for a court of appeals seat during Bush’s presidency. That means no roll call vote was required, but senators could have raised objections but none did. The majority of circuit court confirmations under Bush occurred through unanimous consent or by a roll call vote that was unanimous. We rate this  .
Statement: 30,000 Americans a year die waiting for health care because of the cost.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: June 20, 2019
Topics: health care;health check
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But it also could easily not be. "The senator’s comment looks like a reasonable attempt to use prior research," Sommers said. But "he’s overstating the precision and confidence we can have in that number." Sanders’ argument speaks to something more broadly  but neglects important details of the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment’s limitations. We rate it .
Statement: I got a list of 20 jurisdictions that defunded the police to the tune of over $1 billion total.
Speaker: jim jordan
About the speaker: Jim Jordan is a member of the House of Representative from Ohio's 4th Congressional District. A conservative Republican, Jordan is chair of the Republican Study Committee.
Date: January 29, 2023
Topics: criminal justice;race and ethnicity;public safety
Context: an interview with NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: All of the cities on his list had proposed 2021 budget cuts that redirected some money away from police departments. But at least 14 of the cities scaled back the proposed cuts before the budgets were adopted or reversed course the following budget year. One of the largest proposed cuts on the list, in New York City, was reduced from $1 billion to $317 million before the budget passed.   Jordan's statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: The government's twice the size it was 10 years ago. It's 30 percent bigger than it was when (Barack) Obama became president.
Speaker: tom coburn
About the speaker: Tom Coburn is a former U.S. Senator from Oklahoma and a physician.
Date: July 24, 2011
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: And we stand by that decision.      So what's the bottom line? We don’t think that Coburn was entirely  to use non-inflation-adjusted dollars, but it would have been better if he -- and we -- had adjusted for inflation. Doing it this way still means there was a significant increase in government over the period he studied, but not as high as he had indicated. On balance, we have decided to lower our ruling from  to .
Statement: Electric car sales in Georgia have dropped dramatically since a $5,000 tax credit was eliminated and a $200 annual registration fee was imposed July 1.
Speaker: don francis
About the speaker: Don also works with Dept. of Energy
Date: October 28, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: state budget;transportation;taxes
Context: an interview with Watchdog.org
Fact-check justification: That statement is backed up by data available so far on new car registrations and new car sales. Keep in mind that car sales spiked as people rushed to buy before the credit expired July 1, and that makes the post-July 1 drop in sales look that much more shocking. Whether that trend holds remains to be seen. But everything we found so far indicates Francis is on the money. We therefore rate his statement as .
Statement: Says a picture of stacked mailboxes is proof of voter suppression in Wisconsin
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 15, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral picture circulating on social media says a picture of stacked mailboxes is proof of voter suppression in Wisconsin. The picture is from Wisconsin, taken at a Hartford company, but it’s not proof of anything nefarious. USPS contracts with Hartford Finishing to repair or destroy old mailboxes. The mailboxes shown could have been removed — after a public notice — due to lack of use (following a long-established process), or they could have been replaced with new boxes due to their condition. We rate this  .
Statement: General Motors is the largest corporation in the world again.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: April 1, 2012
Location: national
Topics: corporations;economy
Context: a “Face the Nation” interview
Fact-check justification: Biden may have been reaching for a different statistic — that GM’s sales led other automakers in 2011, subject to a few caveats . But he didn’t say that. He said, "General Motors is the largest corporation in the world again." Surely the vice president of the United States can pick his words more carefully. We rate this  .
Statement: The president of the United States ... agrees with me" that marriage should be between a man and a woman.
Speaker: miss california usa
About the speaker: Carrie Prejean is the 2009 Miss USA runner-up
Date: May 12, 2009
Location: national
Topics: lgbtq
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: As she said, she's not running for public office. Still, her fuller position also sounds an awful lot like Obama's. But what Prejean said after the pageant isn't the issue. Prejean and The Donald said the position she took the night of the pageant is consistent with President Obama's position. And we rate that  .
Statement: Twenty-seven percent of Californians, almost 11 million, "were born in a foreign land.
Speaker: jerry brown
About the speaker: Jerry Brown is the governor of California. A Democrat, he earlier served as governor of California from 1975 to 1983.
Date: January 24, 2017
Location: california
Topics: immigration
Context: a State of the State Address
Fact-check justification: Gov. Jerry Brown claimed in his State of the State Address that 27 percent of Californians, almost 11 million, "were born in a foreign land." A 2015 American Community Survey by the U.S. Census Bureau verifies that statistic. Additionally, a researcher at the Public Policy Institute of California, which studies the state’s immigration and demographic patterns, confirmed the census report is the best authority on California’s foreign born population. We rate Brown's  .   – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/157c1e3a-89e6-45e3-874b-afd232d8790c
Statement: If the U.S. didn't borrow $1.2 trillion every year "to fund government operations," that money would be available "for entrepreneurs and business people to put to work creating jobs and building and expanding their businesses.
Speaker: mark neumann
About the speaker: Mark Neumann is a developer and home builder from Nashotah. He was a Republican candidate for U.S. Senate from Wisconsin in 2012. He ran for governor in 2010 and formerly represented southern Wisconsin in Congress.
Date: June 13, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: deficit;economy;federal budget;jobs
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Andrew Reschovsky , professor of public affairs and applied economics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said that among other reasons, Neumann is proven  by "basic economics." Increased federal borrowing should increase demand for money and raise interest rates, which would discourage businesses from borrowing, but interest rates have been at or near historic lows, he said. Our rating Neumann said that if the federal government didn't borrow $1.2 trillion every year "to fund government operations," that money would be available "for entrepreneurs and business people to put to work creating jobs and building and expanding their businesses." While it’s  you can only lend the same dollar once, the consensus among experts we consulted is that the level of federal government borrowing does not leave less money available for businesses to borrow -- or as Marquette’s Chowdhury put it: "It’s not a zero-sum game." We rate Neumann’s statement .
Statement: Klaus Schwab "publicly admitted he is planning to implement China-style forced COVID lockdowns all over the world during the 'next pandemic.'
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 24, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: This  may have originated with a July 23 tweet that said, "Klaus Schwab Just PUBLICLY ADMITTED He Is Planning To Implement China-Style Forced Covid Lockdowns ALL OVER THE WORLD During The ‘Next Pandemic’ Which He ‘EXPECTS’ To Happen Soon. "  A YouTube video from what appears to be the same user focuses on something Schwab said during a speech at the 2023 World Government Summit in February: "The capability to bounce back," Schwab said, "because there will be certainly what we call the black swans, the unpleasant surprises, which will come our way. "  The narrator then accuses Schwab of "trying to implement China-style policies all over the world for these black swan events that he knows he’s coming in part because he’s playing a role in them." That hardly amounts to proof Schwab said he’s planning to implement a global lockdown. We rate that  .