chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Pope Francis "was arrested Saturday in connection with an 80-count indictment of charges including possession of child pornography, human trafficking, incest, possession of drug paraphernalia and felony fraud.
Speaker: conservative beaver
About the speaker: The Conservative Beaver describes itself as a Canadian conservative news site.
Date: January 10, 2021
Topics: religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: A website claims that Pope Francis was arrested Jan. 9 "in connection with an 80-count indictment of charges including possession of child pornography, human trafficking, incest, possession of drug paraphernalia and felony fraud." A representative for the Roman Catholic Church said there’s no  to the claims.  Pope Francis live-streamed an address Jan. 10 from the Apostolic Palace.  This  is  and . !
Statement: The number of individuals who actually got coverage through the exchange who didn't have coverage before, or who weren't eligible for Medicaid before is relatively small. So we've turned things upside down completely for 3 million, or 4 million, or 5 million individuals.
Speaker: tom price
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Price is the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the Trump administration. Previously, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives for the 6th District of Georgia, an area that includes Marietta and Canton.
Date: March 12, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Price said, "The number of individuals who actually got coverage through the exchange who didn't have coverage before, or who weren't eligible for Medicaid before is relatively small. So we've turned things upside down completely for 3 million, or 4 million, or 5 million individuals." Price is understating the impact of the law on providing health insurance to the previously uninsured. The proposal to expand Medicaid alone has provided health insurance to more than 11 million Americans. We rate this statement .   UPDATE March 12, 4:30 p.m. ET:   A spokesman for Price's office responded after we published this item and cited the RAND study we referenced, as well as others, that look at the number of previously uninsured people who purchased insurance through the marketplace. Our rating remains .
Statement: Only Democratic cities take "'days' to count their votes" while "the rest of the country manages to get it done on election night.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: October 27, 2022
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cruz said that only Democratic cities take "‘days’ to count their votes" while "the rest of the country manages to get it done on election night." He has a point that some cities  — which, given today’s political environment, almost always lean Democratic — trailed their state’s pace in the vote counting in 2020. This included some pivotal, and closely watched, cities in that presidential race, including Detroit, Atlanta and Milwaukee.  However, other big cities actually outpaced their states in vote-counting in 2020, including some of the biggest jurisdictions in Texas, Florida and Arizona. It will inevitably take longer for high-population cities to count their ballots quickly than small-population rural areas do.  Finally, it’s important to note that cities operate under ballot-handling parameters set by their states, which in some cases have been set by Republicans who occupy state-level offices.  The statement contains an element of  but ignores facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it . RELATED : Not all results will be known on election night 2022. That’s normal RELATED : Why France reports election results faster than the US RELATED : Sen. Ted Cruz on the -O-Meter
Statement: Says "kids who start in the ninth grade in the city of Newark this past September, 23 percent of them will graduate in four years.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: December 29, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: education
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Christie said "that the kids who start in the ninth grade in the city of Newark this past September, 23 percent of them will graduate in four years." The  has been debunked twice but Christie continues to repeat the erroneous statistic. About 55 percent of Newark freshmen graduate in four years, not 23 percent. Consistently repeating a proven falsehood isn’t just , governor, it’s . ! To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Medicare is "going broke. The trust fund goes bankrupt in 2026.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: May 5, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare;retirement;taxes
Context: remarks at a forum
Fact-check justification: The trust fund goes bankrupt in 2026." The trust fund for Medicare Part A (primarily hospitals) is projected to be exhausted in 2026, but that doesn’t mean the program would be bankrupt or stop operating. Part A would continue to receive revenue and continue to operate, albeit at a reduced level, if Congress doesn’t make any changes in Medicare -- even though, since 1970, Congress has always made changes to keep the trust fund solvent. Meanwhile, there is no projection that the other parts of Medicare will run out of money. For a statement that contains an element of , but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we give Ryan a .
Statement: Our unemployment rate is now lower than it was before the financial crisis.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 20, 2015
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Obama said "our unemployment rate is now lower than it was before the financial crisis." He’s correct when using the basic unemployment rate -- the most commonly cited figure -- but it’s worth noting that other measures of the labor market are not quite so rosy. The unemployment rate may be dropping, if only in part, because people have stopped looking for work. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: State employees are actually going to get a pay raise.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: April 19, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: state budget
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: State workers will be getting more money in their paychecks, as Nichols noted. But that’s not because they’ll be getting paid more for their time. Those increases are a result of them working more days at the same rate of pay. When the furloughs end, state workers will no longer be forced to take unpaid days off from work. On the -O-Meter, we rate Kasich’s  as .
Statement: Virginia Tech swimmer Reka Gyorgy tweeted, "My finals spot was stolen by Lia Thomas, who is a biological male.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: March 20, 2022
Topics: lgbtq;sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet from a hoax account
Fact-check justification: Social media posts claimed that Virginia Tech swimmer Reka Gyorgy tweeted, "My finals spot was stolen by Lia Thomas, who is a biological male."  The tweet came from an imposter Twitter account that has since been banned for violating the platform’s policies against the creation of  accounts, a fact that was confirmed by Gyorgy as well as Virginia Tech’s swimming coach and athletics department.  Gyorgy did write a letter to the NCAA over the issue, but she didn't use those words. We rate this  .
Statement: This generation, on average, is starting their careers, if they've been to a four-year college, with just under $30,000 in debt.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: May 8, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: debt;education;jobs
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: While she cites a figure from a legitimate source, that data has limitations that are not acknowledged. Notably, about half of the colleges were not included in the data used to create the state-by-state breakdown. Additionally, the national figure is for 2012 and more recent studies show a more mixed picture and in some cases suggest the level may be lower. We rate her statement . (Note: This item was changed June 5, 2014 to clarify the source of data used to calculate the average student-loan debt and that additional, more recent studies show the debt level may be lower, not decreasing.)
Statement: When Susan Rice spoke about Benghazi on Sunday news shows, she said "that al-Qaida might be involved, or other al-Qaida affiliates might be involved, or non-al-Qaida Libyan extremists, which I think demonstrates that there was no effort to play that down.
Speaker: jay carney
About the speaker: Jay Carney, the White House press secretary, was formerly employed by TIME magazine and CNN, according to a TIME biographical post.
Date: May 10, 2013
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: a White House press briefing
Fact-check justification: Carney said that Rice "talked about the possibility that al-Qaida might be involved, or other al-Qaida affiliates might be involved, or non-al-Qaida Libyan extremists (might be involved), which I think demonstrates that there was no effort to play that down." It’s  that Rice offered those three scenarios, but Carney is  to say she didn’t play them down. Rice  mentioned the potential role of al-Qaida or one of its affiliates, and she urged caution about jumping to conclusions on the one occasion in which she did. And while she did point to a role for "extremists," Rice made clear that the extremists didn’t pre-plan the attack, but instead hijacked a demonstration that was already under way. Both decisions played down, to one degree or another, each of the three scenarios she mentioned. We rate Carney’s  .
Statement: I'm one of only two candidates in the field that 10% or more of Donald Trump voters say they would support in the general" election.
Speaker: andrew yang
About the speaker: Andrew Yang filed paperwork with the New York City Campaign Finance Board Dec. 23 which allows him to explore a bid for mayor in 2021. Yang is an entrepreneur and founder of Venture for America New York. Yang received a bachelor’s degree in economics from Brown University and a J.D. from Columbia Law School. In 2017, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in February 2020.
Date: October 22, 2019
Location: national
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: an interview with The Washington Post
Fact-check justification: Yang said, "I'm one of only two candidates in the field that 10% or more of Donald Trump voters say they would support in the general" election. This  comes from one poll in July that sampled 41 Trump voters who said they planned to vote in a Democratic primary or caucus. The question has been asked by the same pollster weekly since July, and those results have never been replicated. Even if they had, the margin of error for a sample size that small is about 15 percentage points, rendering them essentially meaningless. The math isn’t hard on this one. We rate Yang’s  !
Statement: Leah Vukmir OPPOSES Buy American legislation.
Speaker: democratic party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Democratic Party of Wisconsin focuses on advancing state Democratic candidates and related issues.
Date: September 10, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: trade;voting record
Context: a mailer
Fact-check justification: Our rating A Democratic Party mailer supporting Baldwin and her Buy American proposal said "Leah Vukmir OPPOSES Buy American legislation." Vukmir has been clear in her opposition to Baldwin’s legislation, but the  is even broader -- that she opposes Buy American legislation in general. We did not find a statement from Vukmir that directly backs that up, but her opposition to "big-labor mandates and giveaways that drive up infrastructure costs" comes close. And at the state level, Vukmir helped vote down a move that would have included "Made in America" provisions in the state budget. We rate the  .
Statement: Residents of New York state "pay the highest taxes in the nation.
Speaker: nicholas langworthy
About the speaker: Nicholas A. Langworthy is the New York State Republican Committee Chairman. Previously, he was chairman of the Erie County Republican Committee.
Date: March 17, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: taxes
Context: a mass email
Fact-check justification: Langworthy said that residents of New York state "pay the highest taxes in the nation." According to the Tax Foundation’s comprehensive study, New York does have the highest overall tax burden in the United States. However, it’s important to note that New Yorkers in certain economic situations may fare better than similarly situated people in "lower tax" states, given the mix of taxes in the different states. We rate the statement .
Statement: President Joe Biden fell asleep during a meeting with Israeli President Isaac Herzog.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 18, 2023
Topics: israel;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram.) A longer video of the meeting shows what isn’t clear in the clip: Biden appears to be looking at a piece of paper in his lap. He stumbles over his words at one point, but he doesn’t fall asleep.   We rate that  .
Statement: Fox star Tucker Carlson in critical condition (then died) after head on collision driving home.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 13, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: The troll character is part of a years-long saga involving the author " goating " conservative web pages and using pseudonyms to spread contrived stories aimed at fooling conservative readers. A complex scheme to expose the identity of Busta Troll in 2014 turned out to be yet another trolling scenario. TheLastLineOfDefense.org had followed a similar strategy in April 2017 when saying that conservative rocker Ted Nugent had first been killed in a hunting accident, then had been assassinated, then had actually faked his own death. Nugent was still alive, and so is Carlson. We rate this statement !
Statement: Since 2010, Republicans have won unaffiliated voters in every general election.
Speaker: dallas woodhouse
About the speaker: Dallas Woodhouse is the executive director of the North Carolina Republican Party.
Date: September 13, 2017
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a newspaper
Fact-check justification: Woodhouse stated unequivocally that Republicans have "won" North Carolina’s unaffiliated voters in each general election since 2010. There is no way to prove that  with complete certainty because ballots are private. And exit polls can be unreliable because voters sometimes misrepresent their political allegiances. However, polls and primary participation stats show a consistent trend of unaffiliated voters voting for Republicans. Furthermore, given the relatively lower number of registered Republicans, experts say the GOP wouldn’t have achieved its recent success without repeatedly winning over unaffiliated voters. PolitiFact rates this  .
Statement: The uninsured rate in California reached "a historic low of 7.4 percent in 2016.
Speaker: jerry brown
About the speaker: Jerry Brown is the governor of California. A Democrat, he earlier served as governor of California from 1975 to 1983.
Date: January 13, 2017
Location: california
Topics: health care
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: Gov. Jerry Brown claimed California’s uninsured rate in 2016 was "a historic low" at 7.4 percent. As , his office pointed to the 7.4 percent uninsured rate reported in a survey covering the first half of 2016 by the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics. That rate is for all ages in California. When discussing this topic, many researchers cite the uninsured rate for Californians under 65, which was slightly higher at 8.4 percent. Even at that rate, it would be an historic low. Data for that rate is more widely available. A health care almanac shows the state’s uninsured rate for Californians under 65 hovered near 20 percent during the 1990s and 2000s before dropping sharply in recent years. Its records go back to 1987 when that rate was 17.6 percent. Researchers who study California’s uninsured rate say this measurement was not closely tracked before the 1980s, but said the rate was certainly not lower in past decades. No matter how you measure it, they added, the uninsured rate in California has reached an historic low. We rate Brown's  .   – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/2a1bc486-46f5-4b80-9a23-78257f4bb0ad
Statement: Las Vegas shooting witnesses report multiple gunmen dressed as security guards.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 3, 2017
Topics: fake news;crime;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: An online blog claims, "Las Vegas shooting witnesses report multiple gunmen dressed as security guards." The story tracks back to real interviews given by a person who says he was at Mandalay Bay. But beyond that, this story doesn’t hold up. The witness didn’t say what the blog claims. We rate this  !
Statement: Says Marco Rubio "voted to deport" young people known as Dreamers.
Speaker: people for the american way
About the speaker: According to its Web site, People for the American Way "was founded in 1981 by Norman Lear, the late Congresswoman Barbara Jordan, and a group of business, civic, religious, and civil rights leaders who were disturbed by the divisive rhetoric of newly politicized televangelists."
Date: April 13, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration;voting record
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: A radio ad from People for the American Way said, "Marco Rubio voted to deport" young people known as Dreamers. Rubio did not literally vote to deport young immigrants protected by Obama’s "deferred action for childhood arrivals" program. He voted in favor of an appropriations bill that would have stripped funding from the program, which might have resulted in future deportations if it had passed. But that’s only speculation. Additionally, Rubio has specifically said that he does not support affecting the status of current Dreamers, though he does oppose expanding the program and has said it should not be permanent policy. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Since Barack Obama became president of the United States, 95 percent of economic gains have been made by the richest 1 percent.
Speaker: joe scarborough
About the speaker: Joe Scarborough, a former Republican congressman from Florida, is the host of "Morning Joe" on MSNBC. He is a lawyer with Beggs and Lane, the oldest firm in Florida and a former publisher and editor of "The Florida Sun," a newspaper.
Date: January 21, 2014
Topics: income;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Scarborough said that under Obama, 95 percent of the economic gains have gone to the top 1 percent of earners. To be clear, we saw no  that Scarborough was blaming Obama, so we're only evaluating the numbers. Scarborough accurately reflected the findings of a much publicized report from Emmanuel Saez, a Berkeley economist. Other studies confirm the overall trend in that report, although the disparities in gains between the wealthiest Americans and everyone else are not always as large as Scarborough said and depend on how you define income. Scarborough’s statement is accurate but in need of clarification. We rate it .
Statement: We have over 100,000 children, which we've never had before, in serious condition, and many on ventilators" due to the coronavirus.
Speaker: sonia sotomayor
About the speaker: Sonia Sotomayor is a justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. She was President Barack Obama’s first Supreme Court nominee, and was confirmed by the Senate in 2009 to fill the seat of retiring Justice David Souter.
Date: January 7, 2022
Topics: children;public health;coronavirus
Context: oral arguments at the Supreme Court
Fact-check justification: Sotomayor said, "We have over 100,000 children, which we’ve never had before, in serious condition, and many on ventilators" due to the coronavirus. While the number of coronavirus-positive pediatric hospitalizations has risen with the spread of the omicron variant, Sotomayor’s number was way off.  At the time she made this comment, federal data showed that fewer than 5,000 coronavirus-positive children were in the hospital. In fact, fewer than 83,000 children have been hospitalized for COVID-19 — cumulatively — since August 2020. There are over 100,000 cases among children, but scientists say that few of those are severe. We rate the statement .