chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Young women, "account for a shocking 74% of all new HIV infections among adolescents in Africa.
Speaker: justin trudeau
About the speaker: Justin Trudeau is the 23rd prime minister of Canada.
Date: August 25, 2016
Topics: global news service;public health
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: Trudeau claimed that young women "account for a shocking 74 percent of all new HIV infections among adolescents in Africa." The data from UNAIDS and UNICEF closely matches his numbers, though Trudeau would have been more precise if he said sub-Saharan Africa.  there shows that young girls between the ages of 10 and 19 are significantly more vulnerable to HIV infection than their male peers due to a wide variety of economic and gender-related issues. Trudeau’s  is accurate with the small caveat about his use of Africa and not sub-Saharan Africa. We rate his  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/565b33e4-ee02-4513-a724-3e3deeeb8d6c
Statement: I'm also the only lieutenant governor to not take a security detail.
Speaker: carlos lopez-cantera
About the speaker: Gov. Rick Scott apointed Carlos Lopez-Cantera Lieutenant Governor in 2014. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 2004-12 and then became the Miami-Dade property appraiser. He ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but then dropped out.
Date: April 30, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: an interview on Fox 13
Fact-check justification: Lopez-Cantera said, "I'm also the only lieutenant governor to not take a security detail." He went without a security detail when he started in 2014 — a break from most lieutenant governors in recent memory who have used state security. The only one we could find who said he did not have security detail was Jim Williams, lieutenant governor from 1975-79. The state could not confirm one way or another. That was about 40 years ago, so to us Lopez-Cantera’s point still holds water. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f3425ea7-664c-4d1c-9bc5-bb771765d290
Statement: Says President Barack Obama "has not condemned" shootings targeting police.
Speaker: larry pratt
About the speaker: Larry Pratt has been executive director of Gun Owners of America for over 30 years, according to the group.
Date: December 15, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: guns
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Pratt said Obama never "condemned" murders targeting police. His outrageous statement ignores the president’s expressions of abhorrence following each of three different ambush murders of multiple police officers in the last two years.  Obama publicly called the killings "vicious," "reprehensible," "cowardly," and "despicable."  Following the 2014 slaying of two New York policemen, Obama used the very word Pratt denies him, saying, "I unconditionally condemn" the murders. We rate Pratt’s  .
Statement: The gun industry is "the only business in America that is wholly protected from any kind of liability.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 7, 2015
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;guns
Context: Iowa
Fact-check justification: Clinton said the gun industry is "the only business in America that is wholly protected from any kind of liability." Clinton is talking about a law that says the gun industry is protected from liability in certain instances, but the law also specifies several situations in which the gun industry is susceptible to lawsuits. Further, Congress has passed a number of laws that protect a variety of business sectors from lawsuits in certain situations, so the situation is not unique to the gun industry. We rate Clinton’s  .
Statement: Says that when his supporters chanted "send her back" about Ilhan Omar, he stopped it.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 18, 2019
Location: national
Topics: congress
Context: a press briefing
Fact-check justification: But then he continued his criticisms of Omar, and the "send her back" chant revved up in the crowd loudly, with multiple people in unison. It is at this point that Trump is silent for about 13 seconds. We see no statement or body language on his part to stop the chant. Trump gave no indication that he wanted the crowd to stop.   We rate this statement .
Statement: The Simpsons" predicted Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 5, 2022
Topics: pop culture;ukraine;russia
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "The Simpsons predicted the Ukraine ‘war’ too. How fun is life in the DS Matrix?" The animated TV show has, on occasion, predicted the future — including Lady Gaga’s Super Bowl halftime show and Donald Trump’s presidency . But it did not predict Russia’s war in Ukraine. As fact-checkers at Reuters have reported , the images from "The Simpsons" that supposedly allude to the war were doctored.
Statement: Speaker Pelosi presents a special 'service flag' to Mr. Floyd's family.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 15, 2020
Topics: race and ethnicity;military;patriotism;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A headline said, "Speaker Pelosi presents a special ‘service flag’ to Mr. Floyd’s family." Pelosi honored George Floyd by presenting his brother with an American flag that had flown over the Capitol. The flag was not a "special service flag," nor was the action out of the ordinary. American flags are not reserved for honoring military veterans or first responders who died on the job, although they are customarily provided at no cost to the families of such individuals. Members of Congress can request Capitol-flown flags through the Architect of the Capitol.  Waynedupree.com has since changed the headline to remove the word "service." We rate the original headline .
Statement: Says that "unlike Texas, Missouri has a perfect AAA credit rating.
Speaker: jay nixon
About the speaker: Jay Nixon, re-elected governor of Missouri in November 2012, previously served as attorney general and as a state senator.
Date: August 27, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: economy;state budget;states
Context: a radio advertisement
Fact-check justification: Nixon said that unlike Texas, Missouri has a perfect AAA credit rating. That’s correct, though Texas is close; two major services rate the bigger state’s GO debt AAA, one rates it AA+, which is its next-highest rating. We rate this  as . -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says President Franklin Delano Roosevelt "felt there wasn't a need in the public sector to have collective bargaining because the government is the people.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: July 29, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;labor;state budget;states;unions
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: The governor relies -- to good effect -- on Roosevelt’s 1937 letter, which, along with other primary , lays out in striking language FDR’s deep reservations about the need for and wisdom of public-sector bargaining. While Roosevelt was open to discussion with represented and unrepresented employees over working conditions, he seemingly had major concerns about a formal, contractual bargaining process. Scholars cite Roosevelt’s positive comments on the Tennessee Valley Authority labor contracts, and debate certain phraseology in FDR's writings, but it’s limited  compared to the clear impression left by the letter and press conference remarks. Roosevelt saw a "logical place" for unions in government affairs, but the most compelling  suggests he drew the line at collective bargaining with them. We rate Walker’s narrow statement .
Statement: Did you know that in 2013 over 50 percent of all babies born in Oregon were Hispanic?
Speaker: betsy miller-jones
About the speaker: Betsy Miller-Jones served as the interim executive director of OSBA from January 2012 until she was selected as the permanent executive director in January 2013. The Oregon School Boards Association has 1,400 members. They are locally-elected public officials who serve on school district, charter school, education service district and community college boards. Collectively, they oversee the education of 970,000 students.
Date: April 4, 2014
Location: oregon
Topics: children;education;race and ethnicity
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: The official who worked late on his own time to prepare the presentation, meanwhile, said he simply goofed in omitting key wording that would have made the  correct. It is  that the percentage of Hispanics who call Oregon home is increasing, but Hispanics don’t give birth to more than half of all babies born in the state. Miller-Jones said she will send a correction soon to those who received the newsletter. We rate the  . Return to OregonLive.com/politics to comment on our ruling.
Statement: Says Marjorie Taylor Greene said "246 years ago Jesus Christ performed his miracle of making a single days worth of bullets last 8 days.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 4, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Online search results show it appearing on meme websites, but not on any credible sources that connect Greene to it. There’s no news coverage of her making such a statement. The tweet also doesn’t appear on Politwoops , a ProPublica project tracking politicians’ deleted tweets. Greene hasn’t deleted any tweets since June, according to the site.   Claims that Greene tweeted this message rate .
Statement: Says Martin Luther King Jr. "was killed (smothered) in the hospital" and "the US government was found guilty in a court of law of conspiring to kill him.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 14, 2020
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed King was smothered to death in a hospital and that "the US government was found guilty in a court of law of conspiring to kill him." A congressional report on King’s death determined that he died from a single gunshot wound to the chin and neck. There’s no  to back up conspiracy theories that King was killed in a government plot. An exhaustive report from the Justice Department found ample reason to doubt a 1999 verdict that concluded a Memphis cafe owner and government agencies were part of a conspiracy to kill the civil rights leader. As for the photo in the Instagram post, it doesn’t show King after he was shot in Memphis. It was taken nearly a decade prior in New York City. The Instagram post is . We rate it .
Statement: If you look at the number of illegal immigrants coming into the country, it is net zero. It's been that way now for almost two years.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: August 26, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview on 'Meet the Press.'
Fact-check justification: Bush said "If you look at the number of illegal immigrants coming into the country, it is net zero. It's been that way now for almost two years." It is difficult to get a precise figure on the  population of illegal immigrants. But data from Pew Hispanic Center, a widely respected source referred to by those of different political viewpoints on immigration, supports Bush’s . We rate this  .
Statement: President Obama plans to "impose a tax of at least 23 percent on the Medicare prescription drug benefit for low-income beneficiaries.
Speaker: national taxpayers union
About the speaker: The National Taxpayers Union is an advocacy group that supports "lower taxes and smaller government at all levels"
Date: November 13, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: health care;medicaid;medicare;taxes
Context: a newspaper advertisement
Fact-check justification: We see how the Obama proposal could be judged a nearly mandatory give-back in that drug companies that decline to give rebates would do so at risk to their bottom lines. It also makes sense that drug companies wouldn’t swallow the costs of the rebates; they’re not free. Then again, contrary to the ad's statement, there’s no  low-income Medicare beneficiaries would pay a 23 percent "tax." And all told, Obama's urged rebate remains that--money paid in return for a purchase or action/opportunity. One would have to connect more dots to make it a tax. We rate the group’s statement .
Statement: The entirety of North America -- Canada, the United States and Mexico -- there's more known reserves in those three countries than in Russia and Saudi Arabia.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: May 7, 2015
Location: new hampshire
Topics: energy
Context: a visit to Deerfield, NH
Fact-check justification:   Perry said "The entirety of North America -- Canada, the United States and Mexico -- there's more known reserves in those three countries than in Russia and Saudi Arabia." There is some basic  to Perry’s statement. North America does have a large supply of petroleum, natural gas and coal. But combining the three fuel sources together is like comparing fossil fuel-based apples and oranges.   Just comparing straight numbers, Perry was right about coal, but  on natural gas and crude oil.   We rate his statement .
Statement: The exodus of citizens from New York State has been growing.
Speaker: edward cox
About the speaker: Edward Cox is the chairman of the New York Repubclian Party. He's also the son-in-law of former Pres. Richard Nixon.
Date: January 10, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: jobs;population
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Cuomo and Cox are like ships passing in the night. Cuomo's statement was previously rated . And Cox's version of the statement - '"the exodus of citizens from New York state has been growing" - is verified by census data. We also rate Cox's  as .
Statement: Donald J. Trump's signature is on the new stimulus checks.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 13, 2021
Topics: stimulus;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: That was the first time a president’s name ever appeared on checks from the Internal Revenue Service, which are formally signed by a Treasury Department official to ensure government payments are nonpartisan, and because a president is not an authorized signer for money sent by the U.S. Treasury. On March 9, two days before President Joe Biden signed the new $1.9 trillion stimulus plan into law, White House press secretary Jen Psaki said Biden’s name would not appear on the $1,400 stimulus checks in that plan.   "We are doing everything in our power to expedite the payments and not delay them, which is why the president’s name will not appear on the memo line of this round of stimulus checks," Psaki said, when asked by a reporter if Biden wanted his name on the checks.   The Treasury Department confirmed to us that neither Trump nor Biden’s name or signature will appear on the checks, but wouldn’t tell us the name and title of the official who will sign them, saying only it would be a "career official from the Bureau of Fiscal Service." We rate the post .
Statement: Because of (U.S. Sen.-elect Ron) Johnson's leadership, Senate Republicans adopted a caucus ban on earmarks.
Speaker: republican party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Wisconsin Republican Party works to elect Republicans to state and federal offices and advance the GOP agenda.
Date: November 17, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Johnson, new to Washington, joined a small group who took a public stand, while some other incoming freshmen stayed on the sidelines. Johnson didn’t take a role in arm-twisting on the issue. And he was not solely responsible, as the GOP’s  suggests. But he and just a few others made a real difference in the outcome. We rate the  .
Statement: Nobody applies to the United States for refugee status. They apply to the United Nations.
Speaker: claire mccaskill
About the speaker: Claire McCaskill is a Democrat and a U.S. Senator from Missouri.
Date: January 31, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: immigration;foreign policy
Context: a Senate hearing for Rex Tillerson’s nomination for U.S. Secretary of State
Fact-check justification: McCaskill said "nobody applies to the United States for refugee status. They apply to the United Nations." Overall, most refugees seeking resettlement to the United States must first go through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. However, refugees with nuclear family members already living in the United States are given a different priority that isn’t processed through the United Nations. We rate McCaskill’s  .
Statement: The COVID-19 vaccine caused Ashton Kutcher to lose "vision, hearing and ability to walk.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 11, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "  Vasculitis involves the inflammation of the blood vessels that can cause organ and tissue damage, according to the Mayo Clinic . The exact cause isn’t fully understood and can depend on someone’s genetic makeup and immune system. Possible triggers include infections, such as hepatitis B and hepatitis C, blood cancers and reactions to certain drugs.   We found no  to support the  that Kutcher’s vasculitis, and accompanying complications, were caused by a COVID-19 vaccine. We rate this post .
Statement: Says President Barack Obama's homeland security budget had "$16 million to fight climate change" but "didn't have a line item to fight violent extremism.
Speaker: sean duffy
About the speaker: Sean Duffy is a Republican member of the U.S. House, representing Wisconsin's 7th District in the northwestern part of the state. The former Ashland County district attorney was elected In November 2010, taking the seat previously held by Democratic U.S. Rep. Dave Obey of Wausau.
Date: December 9, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: climate change;federal budget;homeland security;terrorism
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: And the Justice Department has a $15 million line item for countering violent extremism, including $4 million for "domestic radicalization research." Our rating Duffy said Obama’s homeland security budget had "$16 million to fight climate change" but "didn't have a line item to fight violent extremism." There is no line item in the Department of Homeland Security budget for fighting violent extremism. But that ignores the fact that millions of dollars are allocated, inside and outside the Department of Homeland Security, to counter violent extremists. Duffy’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression -- our definition of .
Statement: Says Russ Feingold was the "only senator to vote against Homeland Security.
Speaker: let america work
About the speaker: Let America Work is a single-candidate super PAC supporting U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, a Republican, for re-election in 2010.
Date: September 1, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;homeland security
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Bush administration and the Republicans in the Senate, hungry to regain the majority, pounced with some gusto on the political opportunities this new climate of fear provided. Let America Work didn’t respond to our requests for information. Our rating Let America Work says Feingold was the "only senator to vote against Homeland Security." Feingold was one of nine senators who voted against the 2002 law that created the Department of Homeland Security. We rate the statement .