chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: McCain economic adviser Phil Gramm is "the architect of some of the deregulation in Washington that helped cause the mess on Wall Street.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 17, 2008
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Elko, Nev
Fact-check justification: "That helped cause the mess on Wall Street": Not the root cause, but a contributing factor. "Helped" seems a fair characterization. "One of McCain's chief advisers": He used to be, but isn't anymore. There's some  here, but it also seems like Obama is exaggerating to make a point. When you add up all the elements, we rate Obama's statement .
Statement: Florida is "the 45th in state education funding.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 14, 2020
Topics: education;state budget;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said Florida is "the 45th in state education funding." That matches an analysis by Education Week based on 2016 data. Rankings of state education spending by other organizations put Florida in the same ballpark. Because nothing significant is missing from the statement based on the available , we rate the Facebook post .
Statement: The Government Accountability Office estimated (Obamacare) will add to the long-term deficit by $6.2 trillion.
Speaker: morgan griffith
About the speaker: Morgan Griffith, a Republican congressman, represents Virginia's 9th District, which includes much of Southwest and part of Southside Virginia. He was first elected to the U.S. House in 2010. He serves on the House's Energy and Commerce Committee, which includes assignments on the Health, Energy and Power, and Oversight and Investigations subcommittees.
He previously served in Virginia's House of Delegates from 1994 to 2011 and was the House Majority Leader beginning in 2000.
Griffith graduated in 1980 from Emory and Henry College, Emory, and obtained a law degree in 1983 from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington.
Date: May 16, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;health care
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Griffith said the GAO estimated Obamacare will add $6.2 trillion to deficits over the next 75 years. That figure isn’t in the GAO report that Griffith’s office cited. Republicans came up with the number by adding reasonable computations to a worst-case scenario laid out by the GAO early this year. Griffith failed to mention that the report also contained a rosy scenario showing Obamacare could substantially reduce long-term deficits. The GAO did not say in its report which of the scenarios is more likely to occur. Many experts say the reality likely will fall somewhere in the middle. So Griffith’s statement contains a trace of fact, but creates a deceptive  about what the GAO report said. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Ted Cruz slurred Republican senators including John Cornyn as "graybeards" and "spineless jellyfish.
Speaker: david dewhurst
About the speaker: David Dewhurst, the former state land commissioner, was initially elected lieutenant governor of Texas in 2002. He lost his 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate and lost his bid for re-nomination in 2014.
Date: February 22, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;congress
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Cruz used the terms "spineless jellyfish" and "graybeards" when talking about Republican candidates and conceivably even senators whom he views as insufficiently conservative. On that, Dewhurst has a defensible point. However, It’s less clear that Cruz was talking specifically about Cornyn. , his "graybeards" reference can be read to draw in Cornyn. But there’s no  that Cruz has directly labeled Cornyn (or any individual senator) as a spineless jellyfish. We rate Dewhurst’s statement .
Statement: This year, it's going to be over $1.5 trillion (that we've) reduced the debt.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 18, 2022
Topics: debt;deficit;federal budget
Context: an interview with CBS' "60 Minutes"
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "This year, it's going to be over $1.5 trillion (that we’ve) reduced the debt" The latest deficit projection does show the national debt is about $1.7 trillion lower now than it was in 2021. But this statement needs context. This large decrease is because of an unusual historical circumstance, the expiration of large, temporary spending programs related to coronavirus pandemic relief. And the federal debt is not lower today than it had been. Instead, it has not gone up as fast as it would have otherwise.  We rate the statement .
Statement: Pre-existing conditions are covered under my (health care) plan.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 3, 2012
Location: national
Topics: debates;health care
Context: Denver
Fact-check justification:     Romney said his health care proposals include protections for pre-existing conditions What he didn’t say at the debate -- but which his website states and advisers confirmed after the debate -- is that people would be protected from denial only if they have been continuously insured.     The health care law, though, offers protections whether people have current coverage or not, so it offers more robust protection. The law also includes a requirement that everyone have insurance or pay a tax penalty. Romney’s plan doesn’t have that requirement. Romney did not mention the qualifier that people have to stay insured to get the protection. That’s a significant omission. We rate his statement .
Statement: The United States has "one of the highest corporate tax rates in the world.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 25, 2011
Location: national
Topics: corporations;economy;taxes
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Taking into account these complexities, we rated Toomey’s comment . Obama’s statement is actually more accurate than Toomey’s, because he hedges a bit by saying that the United States has "one of" the highest corporate tax rates in the world. He's right that the U.S. does now have the highest corporate tax rates on the books, at least among the biggest industrialized democracies, which is most economists' typical yardstick. And U.S. tax rates also are among the biggest by more nuanced measures. So we rate Obama’s statement .
Statement: Heart complications are one symptom "listed" for the omicron variant and are being "used to cover up effects" of COVID-19 vaccines.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 28, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: An article widely shared on Facebook claimed that heart complications are a "listed" symptom of the omicron variant of the coronavirus and are being "used to cover up effects" of COVID-19 vaccines. Heart complications are not a "listed" symptom of omicron. And we found no  to support the  of a cover-up. Little is known about the variant, including its potential for causing serious disease. A South Africa doctor credited as being among the first to detect the variant has described its symptoms as mild.  We rate the  .
Statement: Schools are putting litter boxes in bathrooms to accommodate kids who identify as furries.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 4, 2022
Location: iowa
Topics: facebook fact-checks;wisconsin;michigan;texas
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Other, similar claims also have circulated in Wisconsin — where a school district denied that it allows students who identify as furries to lick their paws in gym class and bark in hallways — and in Texas, where a candidate for state office falsely claimed that cafeteria tables are being lowered to allow furries to eat without using utensils. A Facebook post says schools are putting litter boxes in bathrooms to accommodate kids who identify as furries. School districts in Iowa, Michigan and Nebraska have debunked claims that they are providing litter boxes in bathrooms. We did not find any credible news reports that support the . We rate the  !
Statement: This is not a joke: the president wants to house illegal aliens on our nation's military installations.
Speaker: john carter
About the speaker: Carter, of Georgetown, was initially elected to the U.S. House in 2002. He is a former state district judge.
Date: March 10, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;children;military
Context: the Round Rock Leader
Fact-check justification: Carter said, "This is not a joke: the president wants to house illegal aliens on our nation’s military installations." It’s correct that on Obama’s watch, the U.S. agency responsible for temporarily caring for unaccompanied immigrant children has enlisted the Pentagon in occasionally sheltering children (a "minors" detail that didn’t appear in Carter’s commentary). Carter didn’t show nor did we spot an administration push to house adults on such installations. Also unsaid: The temporary housing of children in vacant military facilities is permitted under existing law. We rate Carter’s  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/83c1451c-cc21-43d6-8837-54174d424e30
Statement: There are currently delays of up to six months in the processing of DNA evidence at the state run crime lab.
Speaker: mike dewine
About the speaker: Mike DeWine, the Ohio attorney general, won the Republican primary for governor in May 2018 and is running in the general election in November. Previously he was one of Ohio's U.S. senator's, lieutenant governor and a member of the General Assembly.
Date: July 30, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: crime
Context: a statement posted to his website
Fact-check justification: But the BCI statistics Cordray’s office provided show that more than 90 times in 100 the processing time falls somewhat short of "up to" six month mark cited by DeWine. Cordray’s staff also cites records that show that the turnaround time has dropped by about one-third. That's clearly additional contextual information not given by DeWine that tends to undercut the clear inference of his statement -- that DNA cases are dragging on for long stretches of time under Cordray. Therefore, we rate DeWine's statement that DNA  is currently taking up to six months to be processed by the BCI crime lab to be . Comment on this item .
Statement: John Edwards never -- has ever from the beginning of his political career has never taken PAC money or the money of Washington lobbyists. Ever."
-Joe Trippi, senior campaign adviser
Speaker: john edwards
About the speaker: John Edwards is a former U.S. senator from North Carolina who was John Kerry's running mate in 2004. A personal injury attorney, Edwards was born in South Carolina in 1953 and now lives in Chapel Hill, N.C. He graduated from North Carolina State University and earned a law degree from the University of North Carolina Law School. He is married to Elizabeth Edwards, who has been diagnosed with cancer. They have three children; a fourth was killed in an auto accident. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: September 20, 2007
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: But they don't lobby. The lobbyists are the people who have to register as lobbyists. "
If the  had been even a little less absolute, a little less ironclad, we would have seen it as ',' given the effort the campaign makes to weed out registered lobbyists. But the best we can do is meet Edwards half-way on this one. .
Statement: The U.S. is "now importing 800,000 barrels of oil from Russia," but that could have been prevented if the Keystone XL pipeline hadn't been cancelled.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 16, 2021
Topics: energy;foreign policy
Context: social media posts
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said the U.S. is "now importing 800,000 barrels of oil from Russia," but that this could have been prevented if the Keystone XL pipeline hadn’t been cancelled. The amount of oil being imported today from Russia has reached a record level of more than 800,000 barrels a day. That does roughly equal the transport capacity of the Keystone XL pipeline — but it’s not as simple as substituting one source for the other.  The pipeline would have required years of construction and likely more legal challenges, so it couldn’t have solved today’s demand needs. Even in the future, there would be no certainty that the pipeline could produce a net increase of 800,000 barrels a day, rather than just transporting oil from Canada that is currently being transported some other way. Nor would producers be obligated to sell that entire amount to the U.S. We rate the statement .
Statement: When Colorado  eased its medical marijuana laws, fatal accidents involving pot-using drivers soared while overall traffic fatalities decreased.
Speaker: charles "chuck" spahos
About the speaker: Charles "Chuck" Spahos is the executive director of the Prosecuting Attorneys' Council of Georgia.
Date: December 3, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: public safety;marijuana
Context: a joint legislative hearing
Fact-check justification: The state has launched a public awareness campaign to the new law that allows police to cite those motorists for driving under the influence, Ford said. In other words, there are clear dangers to driving under the influence of marijuana, much as there are for driving intoxicated. But while a regional report claims that those risks have led to a 100 percent increase in fatal crashes where the driver tested positive for cannabis, official state figures directly contradict those figures. Spahos was citing that published report, but the report and figures surrounding the topic are flawed. We rate the  .
Statement: 7 million more Americans are uninsured now than when President Trump was elected.
Speaker: maria cantwell
About the speaker: Maria Cantwell is a Democrat and serves as the U.S. Senator from the State of Washington.
Date: January 23, 2019
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cantwell tweeted, "7 million more Americans are uninsured now than when President Trump was elected." The tweet cites one study of health insurance coverage, the one undertaken by Gallup. However, she ignores two closely watched government studies that showed much smaller changes in uninsured Americans, and in one instance, actually found a modest reduction in the number of people without insurance. We rate the statement .
Statement: Donald Trump's education plan to dramatically slash funding for public education would fire 49,000 Texas teachers.
Speaker: progress texas
About the speaker: On its website, Progress Texas describes itself as a "nonprofit communications hub that educates the public about politicians, policies and organizations that have a direct impact on the everyday lives of Texans." Its mission, according to the website, is "to provide a strong, credible and enduring progressive voice that will ensure more inclusive, just and sustainable policies for Texas."
Date: September 20, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Progress Texas said Donald Trump’s plan would "fire" 49,000 Texas teachers. This  rests on Trump diverting a great deal of federal aid--something Trump hasn't said he'll do, far as we can tell. Trump has said he wants to shrink the Department of Education toward more local control. However, he’s offered no specifics on what that would entail. Notably too, the education plan Trump rolled out before this  surfaced doesn’t mention the agency or intentions of cutting teachers. We find this   and . !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/3d8f4035-fd42-46f8-b295-b04659918723
Statement: We have an unemployment (rate of) 1.5 in Boone County, and we can't find enough workers.
Speaker: cheri toalson reisch
About the speaker: Cheri Toalson Reisch, a Republican, is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives, elected in 2016.
Date: April 1, 2019
Location: missouri
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: the state House during discussion of a criminal justice bill
Fact-check justification: For Boone County, that figure is 45.9 percent. In comparison, the national average is 30.9 percent. Our rating Reisch said, "We have an unemployment [rate of] 1.5 in Boone County, and we can’t find enough workers." Reisch’s figures do not reflect the most recent data, but her point that her district has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the nation still stands. We rate this statement .
Statement: Delta has had the most animal deaths among U.S. carriers in the past five years
Speaker: bloomberg.com
About the speaker: Bloomberg.com is the website for Bloomberg business and political news.
Date: March 31, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: public safety;transportation
Context: a news report
Fact-check justification: The numbers back up that , but they miss many of the reasons why. As one of the nation’s largest carriers, Delta cannot be accurately compared to significantly smaller airlines who may have higher pet deaths per miles flown, a statistic unavailable from airlines or government data. Without that missing context, the  is just about numbers. And the numbers are accurate but . We rate the  .
Statement: Says that even if you have no children, "under Obamacare, you would still have to carry insurance that covers pediatric, maternity and newborn care even though you do not need it.
Speaker: mary taylor
About the speaker: Mary Taylor lost the Republican primary for Ohio governor in 2018. She is the lieutenant governor of Ohio, elected in 2008 with Gov. John Kasich. She is the director of the Ohio Department of Insurance and also heads Kasich's “Common Sense Initiative” to reform Ohio’s regulatory policies. Prior to becoming lieutenant governor, she was a auditor of Ohio and a member of the General Assembly.
Date: September 8, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: health care
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: "It's a silly argument, frankly. Insurance by definition includes things you don't think you need." What it means to us is that Taylor, the top official at the state department that oversees insurance, was accurate in describing provisions of what she calls Obamacare. But it is  to imply that health insurance policies are purchased a la carte, that such purchasing would reduce costs to consumers, and that the "essential benefits package" represents a departure from current group plans. And when a statement has an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, it rates  on the -O-Meter.
Statement: Says under U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Green New Deal proposal, "Cows are out.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 17, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: agriculture;elections
Context: Speech
Fact-check justification: Trump claimed that the Green New Deal, proposed by liberal Democrats, among other things aims to ban cows: "Cows are out … They don’t want cattle, they don’t want cows."  But the text of the measure  does not mention cows at all, a once-posted supporting document acknowledged it would be hard to ban "farting cows" and the main sponsor has explicitly said the proposal is "not to say you are going to force everybody to go vegan or anything crazy like that." We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Up until two weeks ago, John McCain was a leading proponent of amnesty. Now with me challenging him, suddenly he has changed.
Speaker: j.d. hayworth
About the speaker: J.D. Hayworth is a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives and host of a conservative talk radio show. He challenged Sen. John McCain for renomination in the 2010 Republican Senate primary, but was defeated.
Date: April 28, 2010
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview on the Fox Business Network
Fact-check justification: But there is nothing to substantiate Hayworth's  that, "Up until two weeks ago, John McCain was a leading proponent of amnesty. Now with me challenging him, suddenly he has changed." And his campaign could point to no solid  to back him up. In fact, McCain started favoring border security over a pathway to citizenship years ago, long before Hayworth was a contender. As a result, we find Hayworth's  to be .