chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says a CNN anchor said that Hillary Clinton has gotten "a free ride so far from the media. We're the biggest ones supporting her campaign.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 23, 2016
Location: national
Topics: pundits
Context: a fundraising email
Fact-check justification: The Trump campaign email says that Cuomo said, "We couldn't help (Hillary Clinton) any more than we have. She's got a free ride so far from the media. We're the biggest ones supporting her campaign." Cuomo did literally say those words, but the Trump campaign has taken them significantly out of context. Cuomo said these words more than two years ago, before Clinton declared herself a presidential candidate. Given this backdrop, the most plausible interpretation is that Cuomo was noting Clinton’s reliance on "free" media from outlets like CNN at a time when she would not have been able to run campaign ads or other electoral-advocacy efforts. And Cuomo’s smile — along with his comment that the campaign "better happen" after all the time they spent covering Clinton’s book — suggests that he’s being a bit smart-alecky rather than fully serious. We rate the statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/d143b10e-2d06-49ce-ba24-faccf31aa6fa
Statement: Hillary Clinton invented ISIS with her stupid policies. She is responsible for ISIS.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 17, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: an interview on 60 Minutes
Fact-check justification: Trump said "Hillary Clinton invented ISIS with her stupid policies. She is responsible for ISIS." There were several factors that contributed to the growing power of ISIS, but it’s  to pin the responsibility solely on Clinton. For starters, the roots of ISIS trace back to 2004, when Bush was president and before Clinton was Obama’s secretary of state. She did vote to authorize force in Iraq in 2002 while a senator, but that was advocated by the Bush administration and the vast majority of senators. The intervention in Libya, which she supported, did give ISIS an opening, but Trump is overstating her role by saying she is responsible for ISIS. This  is . We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/10e1a530-108f-44ed-babe-6f9d5e5c9712
Statement: Studies have shown that in the absence of federal reproductive health funds, we are going to see the level of abortion in Georgia increase by about 44 percent.
Speaker: hank johnson
About the speaker: Hank Johnson, a Democrat, represents Georgia's 4th Congressional District
Date: March 9, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: abortion
Context: The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Fact-check justification: In fact, he cited a single study from a widely respected group. While scholars have found that in general, increases in the use of contraceptives lead to decreases in abortion, and one expert said Guttmacher may have underestimated its Georgia figures, we found no other study that confirms or refutes its conclusions about this state. Johnson would have been right if he said that studies show contraception decreases abortion, and that without Title X funds, abortions could rise.    But he didn’t. We therefore rate his statement .
Statement: Utah OFFICIALLY starts RECALL for Mitt Romney.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 17, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In 1797, for example, Sen. William Blount of Tennessee was impeached by the House on charges of conspiring to help Great Britain seize Spanish-controlled territories in what is now Florida and Louisiana, but the Senate expelled him before his trial. In 2020, after Romney voted to convicted Trump during his first impeachment trial, a state representative in Utah filed a bill to allow voters to recall their U.S. senators. But state House and Senate leaders worried about the bill’s constitutionality , and the House Speaker decided not to consider the legislation for a vote . While a petition is now circulating in Utah that seeks to collect enough signatures to put a similar initiative on an upcoming ballot, this Facebook post gets it : the state has not — and does not have the ability to — recall its junior senator. We rate it .
Statement: It costs us about $33,000 a year (on average nationally) to lock somebody up. In California it costs about $75,000 a year.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: July 18, 2017
Location: california
Topics: criminal justice;crime;state budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Sen. Kamala Harris recently claimed "it costs us about $33,000 a year (nationally) to lock somebody up. In California it costs about $75,000 a year." A recent study that examined costs in 45 states plus data from California’s departments of corrections and finance support the senator’s statement. Digging deeper, we found reducing inmates in California’s prisons, which Harris supports, may actually increase the per capita costs she highlights. That will be especially  if salary and pension costs continue to increase as inmate numbers drop. Harris doesn’t make a specific  about what’s driving these costs. Her statement centers on the costs alone to house inmates nationally and in California. The  supports the figures she cited. We rate Harris'  .   – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. PolitiFact California intern Eli Flesch contributed research and writing to this fact check.
Statement: Seven presidents before (Barack Obama) -- Republicans and Democrats -- tried to expand health care to all Americans.
Speaker: julián castro
About the speaker: Julián Castro is a former U.S. secretary of Housing & Urban Development. He was the youngest member of Barack Obama’s cabinet, serving from 2014 to 2017. Just before he became secretary of HUD, he was the mayor of San Antonio, elected in 2009. Castro received a bachelor’s degree in political science and communications from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on Jan. 2, 2020.
Date: September 4, 2012
Location: national
Topics: health care;history
Context: Charlotte, N.C
Fact-check justification: Castro said that "seven presidents before (Obama) -- Republicans and Democrats -- tried to expand health care to all Americans." It’s a slam dunk getting to three or four presidents, and it’s possible to reach seven presidents, but to do that requires a looser interpretation of expanding coverage "to all Americans." On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Since 2001, 63,000 of us were murdered by illegal aliens."  ​
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 31, 2018
Topics: immigration;fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Neither did we, so we asked others who study immigration to weigh in. "I can’t think of any  that could support a number like 63,000," said Randy Capps, director of research for U.S. programs at the Migration Policy Institute. Elizabeth Cohen, a political science professor at Syracuse University, said the statement "has repeatedly been shown not just to be baseless, but to be impossible to the point of being ." "It has no relation to any actual crime data," she said. We rate this  .
Statement: The Biden administration is floating a new" climate strategy: Don't leave your house.
Speaker: washington free beacon
About the speaker: The Washington Free Beacon describes itself as "covering the enemies of freedom the way the mainstream media won't."
Date: February 2, 2023
Topics: climate change;transportation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "  The headline contains an element of  because the Biden administration has released a broad plan that calls for measures to reduce carbon emissions, including suggestions for remote work. But the headline ignores that the plan also details strategies that anticipate people will and should continue to travel outside their homes. These include suggestions for ride-sharing, and transit. The plan contains no mandates and does not tell people to stay home. We rate this  .
Statement: We have constitutional amendment that says that there's a ban on drilling right off Florida's coast.
Speaker: paula dockery
About the speaker: Paula Dockery, a Republican from Lakeland, is a member of Florida Senate. She campaigned to be Florida governor in 2010 but withdrew from the race in May 2010 citing lack of resources.
Date: April 5, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: energy
Context: a Newsmax.TV interview
Fact-check justification: One expert we consulted, advocate Adam Rivera at Environmental Florida, which likewise opposes drilling, wondered if the senator’s soundbite was actually "wishful thinking on her part -- and ours. Hey, if she’s looking to get that process started, we’re right there with her." To be sure, it was an error. But Dockery owned up to the  when PolitiFact Florida inquired about it. So we rate the  .
Statement: Obama's Clean Power Plan ... eliminates coal-fired power plants.
Speaker: robert henneke
About the speaker: Robert Henneke is the director of the Center for the American Future at the Texas Public Policy Foundation.
Date: June 23, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: environment;climate change;energy
Context: an oped column
Fact-check justification: Henneke said "Obama’s Clean Power Plan ... eliminates coal-fired power plants." That’s off the mark in that the plan, yet to be finalized, doesn’t wipe out any coal-fired plants. It looks to us like decisions to close plants (or individual units) will depend on how Texas decides to address its assigned carbon-reduction goals. Meantime, pollution limits already in place might hasten shutdowns--with or without the Clean Power Plan taking effect. We rate this statement .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Benadryl can be used to reduce swelling from rattlesnake bites.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 2, 2019
Topics: animals;health care;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said Benadryl can help treat rattlesnake bites by reducing the swelling they cause.  Medical and wildlife professionals say Benadryl is ineffective against bites because antihistamines can’t counteract snake venom.  Benadryl can provide some relief if someone suffers an allergic reaction from a snakebite, but only as a supplemental treatment and only in rare cases.The only drug effective in treating venomous snake bites is antivenin, also known as antivenom. We rate this  .
Statement: Right now we have over 40,000 new jobs in a little over 18 months" in Missouri.
Speaker: mike parson
About the speaker: Mike Parson, a Republican, was elevated to governor of Missouri after the resignation of Gov. Eric Greitens in 2018.
Date: February 14, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Parson said: "Right now we have over 40,000 new jobs in a little over 18 months." Taking into account December data, the number of jobs created since Mike Parson took office only rises to 28,300. His  may have been close when he made it last fall, but it is not now.  We rate Parson’s tweet as .
Statement: Portland Bureau of Transportation "barely break(s) even" ticketing motorists.
Speaker: portland bureau of transportation (pbot)
About the speaker: The transportation bureau in the city of Portland.
Date: June 26, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: city government;transportation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: We’re not in a position to audit the bureau’s books. All we know is that indirect costs are not details readily available to the public. Direct costs are what the public can ferret out when assessing parking enforcement. To us, those are important details missing from a statement that can be accurate looked at one way, not accurate looked at another way. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says she is co-owner of Celilo Group Media.
Speaker: eileen brady
About the speaker: Eileen Brady is running for Portland mayor 2012.
Date: April 30, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: message machine 2012
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: He and co-founder Tom Koehler invited Brady to join their board nearly a decade ago, and she has been chairwoman since. "So she has and has had a key leadership role in the company, and she's an investor herself," Blosser said. Who are we to argue with that? Brady’s  is accurate. We rule the statement .
Statement: Says the Feingold garage ad "is a fake: He's not standing in front of his house.
Speaker: mark belling
About the speaker: Mark Belling is a talk show host for WISN-AM (1130) in Milwaukee. His show airs weekdays from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. He is an occasional fill-in host for Rush Limbaugh.
Date: September 28, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: message machine 2010
Context: a website posting and statement during his radio show
Fact-check justification: As for Belling’s accusation, the veteran talk show host tried to turn Feingold’s own ad against him, to suggest he’s so out of touch with state voters that he was even out of state when the ad was filmed. He said he based his assertion on his own review of the photography and on one unnamed source, who had no knowledge of how the shoot was conducted but who thought it looked fishy. As for Belling’s proof, we’ll use his own words to describe it: "I have none." And we’ll add three words of our own: . ( Note : On Sept. 30, 2010, Belling changed his position and said the Feingold ad was not faked).
Statement: Senate Republicans' plan" would "end Social Security" and "end Medicare.
Speaker: democratic senatorial campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: March 29, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: medicare;social security;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee claimed that the "Senate Republicans’ plan" would "end Social Security" and "end Medicare." The ad refers not to a plan from Senate Republicans but from one Republican, Scott. The plan would sunset all federal laws after five years, requiring Congress to renew the laws it wants to keep. Federal sunsetting provides for programs to terminate automatically on a periodic basis unless they are explicitly renewed by law. While there is an element of  in that these social welfare programs could be phased out in Scott’s model, the DSCC  overreaches by painting that uncertain outcome as a broad party position, giving voters a  impression. We rate the  . RELATED: Sen. Rick Scott says his GOP agenda didn’t call for a tax increase. Experts think it did RELATED: No proof for Val Demings  that Marco Rubio backs tax hikes like those indicated in Scott’s plan RELATED: Ron Johnson has not endorsed plan to phase out of Social Security, Medicare
Statement: We're losing thousands of (veterans) waiting on line" because they can't get speedy health care from the Veterans Administration.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 31, 2016
Location: national
Topics: health care;veterans
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "We're losing thousands of (veterans) waiting on line" because they can't get speedy health care from the Veterans Administration. Similar claims that 300,000 died because of delays by the VA clearly don't have hard  to back them up. Instances at individual VA hospitals seldom go into double digits, so there's no hard  there that the number of deaths is in the thousands either. Trump dialed back the rhetoric, but the  still leaves out important context. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/6610da3e-57d0-4e27-b0d2-29c80e1f3a58
Statement: Says condoms "used to be tax-exempt here in Texas.
Speaker: donna howard
About the speaker: Donna Howard is a state representative from Austin.
Date: February 27, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: health care;sexuality;taxes
Context: a Facebook Live interview with Austin bureau reporters for the Dallas Morning News
Fact-check justification: Howard said condoms "used to be tax-exempt here in Texas." Under a tax-cut measure approved by lawmakers and Bush in 1999, condoms containing spermicide were exempt from the state sales tax starting in April 2000. Another change in law ended that exemption as of September 2007. We rate the  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/003d1658-4ac0-48c0-9ba4-d2d0cccd8876
Statement: Electric vehicles are a "giant computer that can be controlled remotely from some cloud-based central grid.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 10, 2023
Topics: climate change;technology;transportation;privacy issues;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: That would require exceptional bandwidth and, she said, "I don’t think we’re anywhere near that point." Although it’s theoretically possible to centrally control vehicles, electric or otherwise, there is no  it is occuring widely.   The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.   We rate it .
Statement: President Obama will now own 60 percent of GM, and his union buddies will own almost 20 percent.
Speaker: michael steele
About the speaker: Michael Steele is the chairman of the Republican National Committee. He was formerly the lieutenant governor of Maryland, serving from 2003 to 2007.
Date: June 1, 2009
Location: national
Topics: bankruptcy;regulation
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: To be exact, the United Auto Workers will get 17.5 percent of General Motor's common stock, plus cash to help pay for a $20 billion health care trust fund for retirees. Whether this is a boon to Obama's "union buddies," as Steele's statement says, is a matter of opinion. However, it's worth noting that the UAW endorsed Obama for president and spent more than $4 million to assist his candidacy, according to the Center for Responsive Politics. So Steele is right that the administration will have a 60 percent ownership in the new General Motors and that the union will have nearly 20 percent. Steele earns a .
Statement: For my energy plan, my economic plan, and the other proposals you'll hear tonight, I've offered spending cuts above and beyond their cost.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 29, 2008
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Fact-check justification: "He (Obama) is digging a $3.5 trillion hole that has to be filled with spending cuts," said Bob Williams of the Tax Policy Center. To be fair, Obama has not pledged to cut the deficit. "I do not make a promise that we can reduce it by 2013," Obama said, "because I think it is important for us to make some critical investments right now in America’s families." Still, experts agree that while Obama has made efforts to correlate new spending initiatives with proportionate spending cuts, his proposals to cut spending make too many best-case-scenario assumptions and are far too vague to be relied upon. We rate his  .
Statement: Bioweapon! Zika virus is being spread by GMO mosquitos (sic)
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 27, 2016
Topics: global news service;animals;public health
Context: comments on YouTube
Fact-check justification: There’s no  that this is . The argument offered — where the Zika outbreak occurred matches up with where the transformed mosquitoes were released — doesn’t hold up. What’s more, the mosquitoes in question were specifically engineered to self-destruct before they can spread viruses. This  is both  and . We rate it .
Statement: Video shows woman filling plastic bags with gas after Colonial Pipeline disruption.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 11, 2021
Topics: gas prices;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) The video drew international attention in March 2019 when the Daily Mail wrote about the clip after it was uploaded to Facebook.   It was recorded by a customer at a Kroger gas station Houston, according to the Daily Mail.   We rate claims that the footage is current and connected to the Colonial Pipeline .