chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says of President Donald Trump's actions on the coronavirus: "No. 1, he fired the pandemic team two years ago. No. 2, he's been defunding the Centers for Disease Control.
Speaker: michael bloomberg
About the speaker: Michael Bloomberg was mayor of New York City from 2002 to 2013. The billionaire co-founded Bloomberg LP, a financial information and media company, in 1981. On Nov. 24, 2019, he announced his candidacy for the 2020 Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on March 4, 2020.
Date: February 26, 2020
Topics: federal budget;public health;science;coronavirus
Context: a CNN town hall
Fact-check justification: Bloomberg said Trump is hampered in the fight against coronavirus because "No. 1, he fired the pandemic team two years ago. No. 2, he's been defunding Centers for Disease Control." On the first point, it’s hard to pin down whether the National Security Council staffers were "fired" in 2018, but they certainly left abruptly and have not been replaced, though other leaders in the coronavirus fight have been named in recent days. On the second point — funding — there’s no question that the Trump administration sought to cut key CDC budget categories that would be involved in emerging infections like coronavirus. But Bloomberg overlooks that, thanks to Congress, that funding was restored and even increased in bills that were ultimately signed by Trump. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: [W]hen adjusted for cost of living, Georgia ranks first nationally in teacher salary and benefits.
Speaker: jan jones
About the speaker: Jan Jones, a Republican, is a state representative from north Fulton County and House Speaker pro tem.
Date: February 6, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: an essay
Fact-check justification: As we mentioned, there is little research on total teacher compensation nationally. The independent experts we spoke to looked at the Locke study and found its methodology was sound, but they found some areas to quibble about. We also wonder about the cost-of-living calculation used since ACCRA doesn’t measure it for the entire state. The statement is based in some solid methodology, but we believe there are too many variables to consider and not enough research in order to make a  apples-to-apples comparison here. Under our rating system, that’s a .
Statement: Biden won't allow Delta-variant COVID patients to get proven and effective monoclonal treatments even though there are 50,000-100,000 Americans infected by Delta EVERY DAY.
Speaker: tulsi gabbard
About the speaker: Tulsi Gabbard is a representative of Hawaii’s 2nd Congressional District. Elected to the office in 2012, Gabbard is the first Samoan-American and first Hindu member of the U.S. Congress. She was re-elected in 2014, 2016 and 2018. Gabbard has also been in active service for more than the past 10 years and has served in the Hawaii Army National Guard. Gabbard received a bachelor’s degree in business administration from Hawaii Pacific University. In 2019, she announced she is running for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: January 26, 2022
Location: national
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Gabbard said, "Biden won’t allow Delta-variant COVID patients to get proven and effective monoclonal treatments even though there are 50,000-100,000 Americans infected by Delta EVERY DAY." Gabbard’s estimate of daily delta patients appears to be way off, with national surveillance data putting the average estimate closer to 1,000 cases a day. While the Biden administration has limited two monoclonal antibody treatments over their ineffectiveness against omicron,the FDA still allows four other drugs that remain effective for both variants, including another monoclonal antibody treatment called sotromivab.  A person with the delta variant has a harder time now finding treatments for the disease; but the best data show that the number isn’t nearly as high as Gabbard said. Because this  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it .
Statement: Solar panels drain the sun's energy.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: May 19, 2014
Location: national
Topics: environment;energy
Context: messages on the Internet
Fact-check justification: As is often the case, what you see on social media isn’t accurate. It’s not  that "solar panels drain the sun’s energy." This  originated with a satirical site, and it has no basis in science. Cue the solar flares: It gets a .
Statement: 40 percent of American households have female primary breadwinners.
Speaker: ivanka trump
About the speaker: Ivanka Trump is an American businesswoman and the daughter of and assistant to President Donald Trump.
Date: May 2, 2017
Location: national
Topics: economy;income;labor;women;workers
Context: her book "Women Who Work"
Fact-check justification: Ivanka Trump said, "40 percent of American households have female primary breadwinners." A widely cited Pew report found that in 2011, 40 percent of American households with children under 18 had women providing most or all of the family’s income. A report by a liberal think tank found similar results looking at 2015 data. The context of Trump's statement shows that she had working moms in mind.  We rate her statement .
Statement: Rhode Island has a very generous unemployment compensation rate compared to most other states.
Speaker: john robitaille
About the speaker: John Robitaille made an unsuccessful run for governor in 2010 as a Republican. A graduate of Providence College, Robitaille served five years in the Army, worked in employee and labor relations and served as communications director for Republican Gov. Donald Carcieri.
Date: October 4, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;states;workers
Context: an interview on WHJJ's Helen Glover Show
Fact-check justification: Massachusetts, by that measure, was at 37.3 percent, ranking it 29th.) Put another way, the average hourly wage in Rhode Island during the first quarter of 2010 was $20.42. The average person receiving unemployment insurance got the equivalent of $9.76 per hour. The benefit could be as much as $13.76 an hour for an individual or $17.20 per hour for someone with five or more dependents. By all these measures, Rhode Islanders receiving unemployment benefits are doing better than out-of-work people in most other states, so we rank Robitaille's statement .
Statement: Disney lost 172,000 reservations recently, valued at around $636 (million) in revenue lost.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 12, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Walt Disney Co. is a major multinational media and entertainment company whose profits and losses, policies and business decisions are closely scrutinized, when they are announced. When Disney lost $700 million in the summer of 2020, news outlets like the Washington Post wrote articles on the subject. And should its next quarterly earnings call reveal major losses, that news will certainly make headlines. So far, available information shows no such thing. We rate this  .
Statement: There are about 350,000 people who succeed in crossing our borders illegally each year.
Speaker: jeff sessions
About the speaker: Jeff Sessions is President Donald Trump's Attorney General. He was previously a U.S. Senator from Alabama.
 
Date: July 18, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a speech at the Republican National Convention
Fact-check justification: Sessions said, "There are about 350,000 people who succeed in crossing our borders illegally each year." The most common way federal officials track illegal entry is border apprehensions. In fiscal year 2015, the border patrol had 337,117 apprehensions nationwide, a decline from previous fiscal year and a significant drop from peaks in 2000. But those numbers represent people who are unsuccessful in crossing the border. Sessions said the opposite. Also apprehension numbers do not necessarily represent number of people crossing borders, since they track events, not individuals, according to Department of Homeland Security. The number of immigrants illegally in the country is staying the same or getting smaller. We rate Sessions’ statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/ddd2a9fe-4155-4e6e-b370-852b72e82819
Statement: Says Obama Foundation posted picture of George Floyd before he died.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 7, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: So, any Facebook post from mid-May that includes a link to the Obama Foundation’s website would continue to show whatever image was set as the site’s card at that time. Our ruling  A Facebook post claims that a tweet from the Obama Foundation appears with a photo from a George Floyd protest before Floyd’s death.   The photo was not part of the tweet when it was posted. It was a preview image associated with the Obama Foundation website that Twitter applied retroactively to tweets linking to obama.org.   We rate this statement .
Statement: A 10-year state program that created 202 jobs at a cost of $247,000 per job was approved by former Gov. Jim Doyle.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 12, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Our conclusion In the wake of a story about poor jobs results of a state-sponsored program, Walker sought to pin the blame on his predecessor, Jim Doyle. But he was off by five years, two governors -- Thompson and successor Scott McCallum -- and one political party. As governor, Doyle didn’t have anything to do with approving the CAPCO bill. But as an Assembly member, Scott Walker did. .
Statement: Wind farm construction is a possible cause of dead whales washing ashore in New Jersey.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 25, 2023
Topics: animals;climate change;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed that wind farm construction is a possible cause of dead whales washing ashore in New Jersey. New Jersey has seen four whale strandings so far in 2023, the same number as in 2022. But experts said it is premature and unproven to tie the deaths to preparation work for wind farm construction.  The experts said there is no  that the work has caused any of the deaths. They said the leading human causes of the strandings are whales being struck by vessels or becoming entangled in fishing lines. The statement contains an element of , in that the deaths  coincide with preparation work for wind farms. But there is no  so far that the work caused the deaths. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Barbara Walters said Jane Fonda "betrayed not only the idea of our country, but specific men who served and sacrificed during the Vietnam War.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 13, 2019
Topics: military;patriotism;veterans;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: And confronting her past, she then apologizes. "  Searching Nexis further, we couldn’t find  that Walters said or wrote the statement that appears in the Facebook post. There were no results when we searched Newspapers.com . Looking online we couldn’t find a credible source connecting Walters to the viral message either.   We rate this post .
Statement: I created a flat tax in the state of Utah. It took that state to the number-one position in terms of job creation.
Speaker: jon huntsman
About the speaker: Jon Huntsman was the governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009. He served as ambassador to China from 2009 to 2011. He is a Republican candidate for president in 2012. 
Date: October 11, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;new hampshire 2012;states;taxes
Context: Hanover, N.H
Fact-check justification: Huntsman didn’t create a pure flat tax in Utah, but he did create a flatter one. As for jobs, the Utah economy did well, but was not the No. 1 job-creating state in the nation by the yardstick most economists, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, would use. And we don’t think it’s valid for Huntsman to  as much credit as he does for himself and his tax changes for the jobs numbers. On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Central Falls "schools are overfunded by state money by as much as $8 million.
Speaker: daniel mckee
About the speaker: Daniel McKee is a mayor of Cumberland, R.I., who was elected Rhode Island's lieutenant governor in 2014. He served on Cumberland's town council from 1992-1998. He is a former basketball coach and has served on the board of directors of the Boys and Girls Club of Cumberland-Lincoln beginning in 1978.
Date: August 2, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: bankruptcy;city budget;education
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: We'll have to wait and see. But that issue goes beyond the scope of the statement that we're checking. In the end, while he was right about the overfunding, the dollar amount he cited was off by so much, we rate his statement  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Tee Higgins "isn't even leaving the hospital till he knows (Damar) Hamlin is OK.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 4, 2023
Topics: sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: That’s when Hamlin experienced a cardiac arrest that medical officials have called a possible case of commotio cordis, a rare occurrence that happens when a blow to the chest causes the heart to stop suddenly.   Higgins spoke to reporters following a Jan. 5 practice, after news that Hamlin had awakened. "Damar’s mom texted me this morning, and told me about everything, and it made me feel even more at home," Higgins said, speaking of his relief. "I really appreciate them, you know, just hearing from them and them having my back as well. "  We rate the  that Higgins "isn't even leaving the hospital till he knows Hamlin is OK" .
Statement: Joe Biden threatened to assassinate Ukraine's former president.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 29, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  Biden, among other presidents, has used the term "physical security" regularly. In August, for example, Biden talked in a speech to the Democratic National Committee about the United States’ need to plan its direction wisely to ensure "economic, political and physical security." As in the leaked phone call, Biden, speaking June 30 at a press conference in Madrid after a NATO summit, tied funding from the U.S. to aid Ukraine’s fight against Russia’s invasion to the country’s physical security.   "But for it to end, they have to be in a position where … the Ukrainians have all that they can reasonably expect, we can reasonably expect to get to them, in order to … provide for their physical security and their defenses," he said. We rate claims Biden threatened to assassinate a former Ukrainian president !
Statement: In Augusta, (Jared) Golden voted to let welfare recipients use your tax dollars to buy tattoos, tobacco, alcohol, even lottery tickets.
Speaker: congressional leadership fund
About the speaker: The Congressional Leadership Fund is a super PAC exclusively dedicated to protecting and strengthening the Republican Majority in the House of Representatives.
Date: August 27, 2018
Location: national
Topics: welfare
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Congressional Leadership Fund claims that Golden voted in favor of welfare recipients using tax dollars to buy tattoos, tobacco, alcohol and lottery tickets. Golden voted against a 2016 bill that limited EBT card purchases, saying federal law already covered the issue. Golden did not vote in favor of a measure that would expand EBT card use to those items. The statement has an element of  but leaves out critical context that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Photos show Target selling children's clothing with satanic imagery.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 28, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact reached out through Facebook Messenger to Reese, who shared screenshots of the process used to create the images using Midjourney, an AI image generator. Reese said he was inspired to create the images after he heard  rumors of Target selling satanic kids’ clothes.  "I thought it would be fun to use AI to explore what a satanic fashion line for kids could possibly look like," he said. We rate the  that Target is selling children’s clothes with satanic designs . Lea este reporte en español.
Statement: AARP is "the largest reseller of insurance in the country" and "has a vested interest in seeing that the market for reselling supplemental insurance expands.
Speaker: ginny brown-waite
About the speaker: Ginny Brown-Waite is a former Republican congresswoman from Brooksville in Florida’s 5th Congressional District. She halted her re-election campaign in April 2010 citing health reasons.
Date: September 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;legal issues;medicare
Context: a letter to AARP
Fact-check justification: Is it the largest licensee? It might be — it certainly makes millions — but there is little data to confirm or refute that it is the largest. Does it have an interest? Yes, although we can't conclusively say health reform will lead to more money for AARP. So we rate her statement .
Statement: Minnesota has passed and Indiana has passed" right to work laws making union membership and dues optional
Speaker: jeff fitzgerald
About the speaker: Wisconsin Rep. Jeff Fitzgerald, R-Horicon, is the speaker of the state Assembly. He was elected to the Assembly in 2000. His brother is Wisconsin state Senate Majority Leader Scott Fitzgerald. In October 2011, Jeff Fitzgerald ran unsuccessfully for U.S. Senate in 2012.
Date: March 21, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs;labor;state budget
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: But even that was not a final vote. And media reports on March 19, 2012 -- two days before Fitzgerald’s comments -- had GOP Senate Majority Leader Dave Senjem saying the votes aren’t there for the "right-to-work" amendment. Our rating Fitzgerald told a reporter that Minnesota and Indiana have "passed" "right-to-work" laws. He was on target regarding Indiana, but spoke prematurely about Wisconsin’s westerly neighbor. On balance, we rate Fitzgerald’s statement .
Statement: For every extra year a girl goes to school, her income goes up 12 percent.
Speaker: bono
About the speaker: Bono is the frontman of the rock group U2 and co-founder of the ONE Campaign.
Date: February 17, 2017
Topics: global news service;education;income;women
Context: a speech at the Munich Security Conference
Fact-check justification: Bono said that for every extra year a girl goes to school, her income goes up 12 percent. A recent World Bank study based on numbers from more than a hundred countries found that the average woman gained 11.7 percent more in wages with each year of school. Rounding up to 12 percent seems fair. These gains can vary both up and down, depending on the country, but that’s the nature of an average. We rate this  .
Statement: The state has "less employees this year than we did last year.
Speaker: bill montford
About the speaker: Bill Montford is a Democratic state senator from Tallahassee.
Date: December 8, 2010
Location: florida
Context: comments to a newspaper
Fact-check justification: Sometimes we find a statement is accurate but still needing clarification or additional information, and that's the case here. The state workforce shrunk between 0.1 and 0.4 percent depending on how you calculate it in 2010. But the workforce is bigger than it was at the end of 2006. We think those two facts combined seriously shade Montford's statement. So we say .
Statement: Businesses large and small have led Texas to be ranked the number one state for business every year that I've been governor.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: February 16, 2023
Location: texas
Topics: corporations;jobs;small business
Context: the State of the State speech
Fact-check justification: Site Selection, a well-respected magazine, has awarded Texas the Governor’s Cup for 11 straight years for the total number of "qualified projects." The magazine also awarded Kansas a Governor’s Cup for having the most investment projects per capita, beating out Texas. Other publications and sources have not ranked Texas No. 1 in all the years Abbott has been governor, but they do rank Texas among the top states.   Abbott’s statement is partially accurate but lacks context. We rate it .
Statement: When you throw 23 million people off of health insurance -- people with cancer, people with heart disease, people with diabetes -- thousands of people will die. … This is study after study making this point.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: June 25, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Sanders’ statement on Meet the Press was phrased generally enough to be defensible. We found ample  in the academic literature to suggest that legislation on the scale of the House bill would produce "thousands’ of additional deaths. That said, we can’t say with any specificity how many deaths will occur. It’s important to note that the studies provide estimates only, and each study found a slightly different result. On balance, we rate the statement .