chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Fourteen million Americans' mortgages are greater than the value of their homes.
Speaker: dennis kucinich
About the speaker: Dennis Kucinich is running in the Democratic primary for governor of Ohio in 2018. Kucinich was elected to Congress in 1996. He previously served as a member of the city council and as mayor in Cleveland, the city where he was born in 1946. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Case Western University. He has been married since 2005 to Elizabeth Harper. He was married twice before and has one child. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 25, 2008.
Date: November 27, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;housing
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: Its Negative Equity Report, produced on a quarterly basis, shows the percent of homeowners who owe more on their mortgage than their home is worth. According to the third quarter Zillow Negative Equity Report, issued last month, 28.2 percent of U.S. homeowners with a mortgage are under water, which is down from 30.9 percent in the first quarter of 2012. The actual number of homeowners in negative equity, owing more than their homes are worth, declined about 1.3 million in the third quarter, to slightly more than 14 million. The situation may be  improving, but more than a quarter of homeowners with mortgages remain underwater. On the -O-Meter, Kucinich’s statement rates as .
Statement: Under the clear letter of the law, (Justice Clarence Thomas) must recuse himself" from the case challenging the constitutionality of the health care law.
Speaker: anthony weiner
About the speaker: Anthony Weiner is a former congressman who represented parts of New York City, including Brooklyn, Kew Gardens and Rockaway.
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: national
Topics: ethics;health care;supreme court
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: It is by no means "clear" under the letter of law that Justice Thomas must recuse himself. In fact, there is a great deal of disagreement among legal experts we spoke to that Virginia Thomas' previous jobs meet the definition of "financial interest" or whether it's enough to establish that Justice Thomas' "impartiality might reasonably be questioned." Weiner's statement suggests the letter of the law is clear cut in backing his position, and it is not. Even those who support Weiner's position allow that it boils down to a matter of interpretation. And so we rate Weiner's statement .
Statement: Governing magazine has "estimated that in the states that don't expand Medicaid, a minimum, they said of 40 percent of rural hospitals will close in those states...
Speaker: richard saslaw
About the speaker: Richard L. Saslaw, D-35th, joined the Virginia Senate in 1980. The district is composed of portions of Fairfaix, Alexandria and Falls Church. He previously served in the House of Delegates beginning in 1976. Saslaw has been the Democratic leader of the Senate since 1996, currently as minority leader. He sits on the Rules, FInance, Education and Health, Courts of Justice and Commerce and Labor committees.
Saslaw ran unsuccessfully for a U.S. House seat in 1984. He has owned several successful gasoline and automobile service businesses. 
Saslaw served in the U.S. Army from 1958 to 1960 and earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Maryland in 1965.
Date: July 11, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: health care
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Saslaw says Governing magazine has estimated that 40 percent of rural hospitals will close in states that don’t expand their Medicaid rolls. The magazine article didn’t make that dire prediction and neither did the health organization that’s quoted in the story. What they said was that 40 percent of rural hospitals are running in the red and those located in states that don’t broaden Medicaid eligibility may see their problems exacerbated. No doubt, many rural hospitals face significant challenges. But Salsaw, who admits he erred,  misstated the peril to his advantage in arguing for Medicaid expansion. We rate his statement .
Statement: Photo shows fighting in Ukraine.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 21, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Its caption read: "Marines of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation and servicemen of a special unit of the Indian Armed Forces are disembarking at the stage of the first interspecific Russian-Indian exercises ‘Indra-2017’ at the landing range ‘Clerk.’" The joint military exercise involved Indian and Russian armed forces and it was conducted in Russia’s eastern military district from Oct. 19 to Oct. 29, 2017, according to a press release from India’s defense ministry.   Returning to the present, the BBC reported Sept. 20 that Ukrainian forces have "made rapid gains in recent days and have recaptured territory in the Russian-occupied Luhansk region in eastern Ukraine." Russian forces still control about a fifth of Ukraine, BBC said.   We rate claims that this photo shows recent fighting in Ukraine .
Statement: Trump: 'I am sending troops to South Africa and they will not leave until the killing stop and the land issue resolved.'
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 24, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Fact-check justification: There are very few actual statistics that show racially based farm violence. The last time our colleagues Africa Check  fact-checked farm murders in 2017, they found 57. It isn’t  that Trump is sending troops to South Africa. He never said that. We rate this statement !
Statement: The most recent survey of climate scientists said about 57 percent don't agree with the idea that 95 percent of the change in the climate is caused by CO2.
Speaker: rick santorum
About the speaker: Rick Santorum is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2012.
Date: August 28, 2015
Location: national
Topics: climate change;polls and public opinion;science
Context: an interview with Bill Maher
Fact-check justification: Santorum said, "The most recent survey of climate scientists said about 57 percent don’t agree with the idea that 95 percent of the change in the climate is caused by CO2." He’s not pulling the numbers out of thin air, as Maher suggests more bluntly, but the  is  and . Essentially, Santorum garbles a blog’s textbook misinterpretation of a survey. In reality, the survey actually supports the idea of scientific consensus on climate change, the lead author told us. We rate Santorum’s  .
Statement: Photo shows "ballots not counted in California and this is only one polling location. Yet Gavin Newsom was declared governor minutes after polling stations closed.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 15, 2022
Location: california
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: This process typically takes weeks, and it’s not  of fraud, as this post suggests.   The Associated Press — not the state of California, which was still counting ballots as we wrote this fact-check — declared Newsom the winner after the polls closed. The Associated Press calls winners in races when it concludes there’s no way a trailing candidate can mount a successful comeback and clinch the race.   California is expected to certify its election results Dec. 5, after all eligible ballots have been counted.   The statement in the post contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: If the Republicans were the majority, (Rep. Barton) would have actually the gavel and the chairmanship.
Speaker: rahm emanuel
About the speaker: Rahm Emanuel is the mayor of Chicago. He represented the Chicagoland area as a U.S. congressman prior to joining the White House as the first chief of staff in President Barack Obama’s administration. Emanuel also held various posts in the Clinton Administration from 1993 to 1998, and worked as an investment banker in the private sector.
Date: June 20, 2010
Location: national
Topics: energy;this week - abc news
Context: ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: The fact is, even if Republicans were to win a majority in the House, it appears unlikely Barton would have assumed chairmanship of the Energy and Commerce Committee next year anyway. Possible? Yes. But at the very least, it was far from a given, as Emanuel and Gibbs suggested. And so we rate Emanuel’s comment .
Statement: Our ranking in terms of the best and worst states to do business in was 43 four years ago, and we just moved up to 17 two weeks ago.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: June 2, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;small business
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker said the state’s ranking "in terms of the best and worst states to do business in was 43 four years ago, and we just moved up to 17 two weeks ago." That’s correct, in one study of CEO perceptions, but the "state’s ranking" depends on which study you read. The governor cherry-picks the most favorable of three studies on his side, but ignores studies showing much lower rankings and little or no improvement, creating a  impression of dramatic improvement. In reality, the rankings are very mixed. We rate his statement .
Statement: A map shows "all the cargo ships backed up by the Suez Canal. Get ready for shortages and prices to skyrocket.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 29, 2021
Topics: trade;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post showing a map of maritime traffic says, "These are all the cargo ships backed up by the Suez Canal. Get ready for shortages and prices to skyrocket."  The map doesn’t show the Suez Canal. It shows normal traffic in a different area, around the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Aden. Experts say the impact of the six-day blockage of the Suez Canal will be minimal in the U.S. We rate this post .
Statement: An email shows that employers are requiring employees to wear masks during Zoom meetings.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 5, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But his bio notes that his posts are satire .   The tweet, meanwhile, was posted by "Ann Lesby," whose Twitter bio says she is head of gender studies at "ACL Univ," apparently a satirical reference to the ACLU. Her user photo is a stock photo of a "happy mature businesswoman," according to Getty Images , and her other posts include one promoting an Etsy store for "Woke Baby products" featuring wall art that says "Antifa Baby." We couldn’t find any such store on Etsy. We rate claims that these post are real — and not satire — .
Statement: If you have a union job, you're making on average $950 a week. If you have a non-union job, you're making $750 a week.
Speaker: thomas perez
About the speaker: Thomas E. Perez was chosen as the chairman of the Democratic National Committee on Feb. 25, 2017. Previously he was nominated by President Barack Obama to serve as Secretary of Labor and was sworn in on July 23, 2013. He previously served as the Secretary of Maryland's Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation.
Date: February 4, 2014
Location: national
Topics: jobs;workers
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Perez said. "If you have a union job, you're making on average $950 a week. If you have a non-union job, you're making $750 a week." His figures are correct, but with an asterisk -- Perez should have specified "median" when he said "average." In general, though, his overall point is backed up by the data. We rate his  .
Statement: Mr. President, multiple times from your administration there have come statements that Republicans have no ideas and no solutions" on health care.
Speaker: tom price
About the speaker: Rep. Tom Price is the Secretary of Health and Human Services in the Trump administration. Previously, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives for the 6th District of Georgia, an area that includes Marietta and Canton.
Date: January 29, 2010
Location: national
Topics: bipartisanship;health care
Context: Baltimore
Fact-check justification: At a White House briefing April 28, 2009, press secretary Robert Gibbs made a similar comment: "I think you heard me and others say that you can't just be the party of no or the party of no new ideas." The White House doesn't dispute that aides have portrayed Republicans that way, but a spokeswoman said the Democratic health care plan includes many amendments that were proposed by Republicans. Still, Price is right. Obama and his aides have said the Republicans have no ideas on health care and other issues. We rate Price's statement .
Statement: If you go to Antifa.com, it takes you directly to Joe Biden's webpage...what's that tell ya…try it yourself.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 29, 2020
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In 2019, a Republican consulting firm created joebiden.info, a mock website that displayed images and videos of Biden appearing to touch and kiss young women and girls, fact-checking website Snopes reported . The firm also made  websites about other Democratic primary candidates including Sens. Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren and Kamala Harris.   In 2019, state party chairs of the Democratic National Committee backed a pledge to rule out the use of illegitimate tactics like manipulated videos,  social media accounts or websites, but party leaders did not bring the proposal to a vote.   The post is partially accurate, but it leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate this .
Statement: This year's redistricting has been the most open, interactive and transparent redistricting process in Tennessee history.
Speaker: ron ramsey
About the speaker: Ron Ramsey, R-Blountville, is speaker of the Tennessee Senate. He ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2010, losing in the Republican primary to then mayor of Knoxville Bill Haslam.
Date: January 27, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: redistricting
Context: an email announcing redistricting maps
Fact-check justification: --Except for the first organizational meetings of the House and Senate redistricting committees, none of the work of the committees occurred in public. The maps unveiled on Jan. 4 and Jan. 6 were the first seen by the public. --Lawmakers rushed to passage this year in record time, with little time for public review and input. The legislative maps were unveiled Jan. 4, the congressional maps Jan. 6, and all three were approved Jan. 13. Even Ramsey acknowledged that he did not meet his promise last fall that the new maps would be released by early December.
Statement: Says Jeff Wentworth was the only Republican to vote against the Texas measure requiring women to have a sonogram before receiving an abortion.
Speaker: donna campbell
About the speaker: Donna Campbell, a New Braunfels physician, won election to represent Texas Senate District 25 in November 2012. In 2010, she was the Republican nominee for the U.S. House seat held by Democrat Lloyd Doggett of Austin.
Date: March 31, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: abortion
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: Wentworth was the sole Republican senator to vote against the sonogram measure. But a House Republican consistently opposed it and two others voted against going along with the final Senate-amended plan that passed into law. We rate Campbell’s  .
Statement: According to a national survey, transit "ridership" among people age 16 to 34 increased 40 percent between 2001 and 2009.
Speaker: jeff dickerson
About the speaker: Jeff Dickerson is a spokesman for Citizens for Transportation Mobility.
Date: July 10, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: transportation
Context: an online debate
Fact-check justification: But Dickerson’s use of the word "ridership" might have led viewers to think that younger people are taking 40 percent more trips on transit. This number ticked up by only about 4 percent. By either NHTS measure, it’s fair to say that younger people are leaving Daddy’s T-Bird in the driveway and relying more heavily on transit. But Dickerson could have been much more precise. For this reason, Dickerson earns a .
Statement: I am not banning fracking.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: August 31, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;pennsylvania
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: To ban means to prohibit, and Biden doesn’t want to prohibit fracking entirely. He would allow existing fracking  to continue. Biden does, however, want to stop issuing new permits for fracking on public lands, and he left that part out of his speech in Pittsburgh. Biden’s statement is accurate but needs clarification. We rate it .
Statement: We've outdrawn the Super Bowl for a little while now in the arenas and stadiums that we've followed them in for the Super Bowl. We've gone in after [the NFL] and surpassed their ticket sales.
Speaker: paul levesque
About the speaker: Paul Levesque is executive vice president for Talent Relations and Live Events for the Stamford, Conn.-based World Wrestling Entertainment. He also is a professional wrestling entertainer and is known by his stage name Triple H.
Date: October 24, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: pop culture;sports
Context: an interview on NYPost.com
Fact-check justification: WWE executive Paul Levesque, better known by his stage name Triple H, said in a recent interview that "we’ve outdrawn the Super Bowl for a little while now in the arenas and stadiums that we’ve followed them in for the Super Bowl. We’ve gone in after [the NFL] and surpassed their ticket sales." In terms of attendance, Levesque is largely correct: WrestleMania sold more tickets than the Super Bowl in five of the six stadiums where WrestleMania was held after a Super Bowl. It's worth noting, however, that since WrestleMania's staging is similar to a concert's, field seating may be added to compensate for lost seating behind the WrestleMania stage. Levesque’s  rates . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com
Statement: Mayor Bloomberg was busy blaming African Americans and Latinos for the housing crisis in 2008.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: February 19, 2020
Topics: financial regulation;housing
Context: the Las Vegas debate
Fact-check justification: Warren said, "Mayor Bloomberg was busy blaming African Americans and Latinos for the housing crisis in 2008." Warren makes it sound like Bloomberg made a clear cut statement blaming minorities for the collapse of the housing market, when that’s not the case. Bloomberg in September 2008 brought up redlining when he was asked about the causes of the financial crisis. Bloomberg said after politicians deemed the process of redlining unfair, banks and lenders extended loans to applicants with poor credit.  But Bloomberg made no mention of race or minorities — he spoke about people in poor neighborhoods. Bloomberg faulted other factors in the crisis including inadequate regulation. Warren’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this statement .
Statement: Emboldened by election, Texas Republicans kill Medicaid funding for kids with disabilities.
Speaker: if you only news
About the speaker: If You Only News describes itself as a news-entertainment service.
Date: December 4, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: health care;state budget;states
Context: a news-entertainment web post
Fact-check justification: IfYouOnlyNews.com said: "Emboldened by election, Texas Republicans kill Medicaid funding for kids with disabilities." Cuts sure happened. But this headline , not backed up by the accompanying story, fumbles facts. Specifically, the Republican-majority 2015 Legislature requested fee reductions for specific services to certain children with disabilities--not killing all such Medicaid funding. Also, that action occurred more than 17 months before the November 2016 election. We find this   and . !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Trey Gowdy said, "I'm not saying COVID-19 isn't real…. But pay attention folks, there's much more going on here than what meets the eye.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 22, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Not the first time, likely not the last. We have enough going on in our country right now without propagating misinformation. "  Gowdy has spoken publicly about the coronavirus, including recently saying that China needs to be held accountable for the global pandemic. But he didn’t float the conspiracy theory that social media posts are claiming.   We rate them .