chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In New York, "it is now perfectly legal to murder" a baby a minute before it would be born.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 26, 2019
Topics: abortion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Overwhelmingly, abortions that occur at this point in pregnancy are pregnancies where lethal fetal anomalies have been diagnosed." When we rated the  in the Facebook post last year, we found that New York’s Reproductive Health Act permits abortions after 24 weeks of pregnancy only if the mother’s life or health are threatened or the fetus isn’t viable. But the post still doesn’t make clear that significant restrictions still apply to the new law. It instead oversimplifies and distorts what New York law allows.   We rate it .
Statement: We cut Black child poverty in half in 2021 because of the child tax credit.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: February 27, 2023
Topics: children;congress;poverty
Context: An address at the White House
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "We cut Black child poverty in half in 2021 because of the child tax credit." Data from the U.S. Census Bureau shows that poverty among Black children dropped by nearly half from 2020 to 2021, following the expansion of the child tax credit. That figure came from the national supplemental poverty measure, which unlike the official measure, accounts for financial assistance low-income households receive from governmental programs such as SNAP. The White House cited similar numbers. Experts linked the change to Biden’s child tax credit expansion, pointing to data showing that poverty rates rose once the payments ended. Despite that progress, poverty among Black children remained dis­pro­por­tion­ate­ly high in 2021 com­pared with white children — 8% compared with 3%, respectively. Because there are two ways to measure poverty and Biden used only one, his statement is accurate, but needs clarification. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Trump "didn't campaign on cutting the debt" … "That's not what he promised to do.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: October 26, 2020
Location: texas
Topics: debt;deficit
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Cruz said that Trump’s 2016 presidential campaign didn’t promise to reduce the national debt and that he "didn’t run principally on reigning in spending and the debt." The issue of U.S. national debt may not receive as much airtime or grab as many headlines as Trump’s other campaign promises, like forcing Mexico to pay for a southern border wall, but Trump repeatedly raised concerns over the rising debt and pledged to reduce it during his first presidential campaign. And he has repeated those concerns as president, even as it has ballooned. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Joe Biden is a socialist.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 30, 2020
Location: national
Topics: economy;health care;medicare;florida
Context: a rally
Fact-check justification: Trump says Biden is a socialist. Socialism refers to a government takeover of industry, and Biden has not called for that. Experts say his positions on health care, energy and other areas are those of a moderate Democrat, not a socialist. There’s no support for the  that Biden wants the U.S. to be like Cuba or Venezuela. We rate this  .
Statement: KXL Radio in Portland reported today that Firefighters are now being shot at by suspected Antifa and BLM members.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 11, 2020
Location: oregon
Topics: corrections and updates;fires;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: After we posted this fact-check, Ferretti responded to our query with the following statement: "I was made aware of the Facebook post on Saturday.  I immediately responded from my personal Facebook account that the post is 100% . At no time has KXL News reported that firefighters battling Oregon's wildfires have been shot at by anyone." We rate this Facebook post . This post was updated at 1:45 p.m. ET with Ferretti's quote.
Statement: The murder rate in our country is the highest it's been in 47 years.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 7, 2017
Location: national
Topics: crime
Context: the White House
Fact-check justification: Trump told the sheriffs, "The murder rate in our country is the highest it’s been in 47 years." Actually, the highest murder rates in recent memory occurred during the early 1990s; after that, the rate fell dramatically until 2014, at which point it ticked up. That uptick did represent the biggest single-year rise in more than four decades, but that’s very different than what Trump said. We rate his statement .
Statement: With voting by mail, "you get thousands and thousands of people sitting in somebody's living room, signing ballots all over the place.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 7, 2020
Topics: elections;voter id laws
Context: a press briefing
Fact-check justification: Trump said that with voting by mail, "you get thousands and thousands of people sitting in somebody's living room, signing ballots all over the place." Voting fraud in general is considered to be rare, although voting experts agree that the risks are greater for mail balloting than for in-person voting. Still, Trump didn’t produce any  for the "thousands and thousands" , and voting experts said his assertion doesn’t square with what is known about the actual cases of voting fraud in the recent past. We rate the statement .
Statement: Kyle Rittenhouse used his COVID-19 stimulus check to purchase the AR-15 he used in the fatal Kenosha shooting.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 20, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;guns
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post says "Kyle Rittenhouse used his COVID-19 stimulus check to purchase the AR-15 he used in the fatal Kenosha shooting." We don’t have bank records or documents to concretely prove this, leaving us to take Rittenhouse at his word on the source of the funds.  Rittenhouse did tell the Post he used $1,200 in coronavirus funds, but he appears to confuse stimulus and unemployment payments.  It’s more likely Rittenhouse was referring to unemployment than the stimulus program itself, based on his life circumstances and description from him and his mother. That is indeed a "COVID-19 stimulus," but not the one people would think of based on this post’s description. We rate this  .
Statement: Nothing has changed in the election code (under SB 7) regarding early voting. Nothing has changed.
Speaker: dan patrick
About the speaker: As a Houston state senator, Dan Patrick won election as lieutenant governor of Texas in November 2014 after earlier defeating incumbent David Dewhurst for his party's nomination. Patrick also has hosted a daily talk show on AM700 in Houston.
Date: April 6, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: "That has absolutely changed." Our ruling  Patrick said during a press conference that "nothing has changed in the election code (under S.B. 7) regarding early voting." S.B. 7 makes numerous changes to the state’s election code, many of which pertain to the means through which people can vote early. The major changes to early voting include limiting early voting hours and limiting the kinds of sites where people can vote early. We rate this  !
Statement: Says Donald Trump "has not apologized" for comments caught on tape by "Access Hollywood.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: December 10, 2017
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: an interview on 'Meet the Press'
Fact-check justification: Sanders said Trump he "has not apologized" for his comments on the Access Hollywood tape. Trump in fact apologized multiple times for what he characterized as "locker room talk." We rate this  .
Statement: For the last several months, wages have gone up more than prices have gone up.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: December 13, 2022
Topics: economy
Context: remarks at the White House
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "For the last several months, wages have gone up more than prices have gone up." He’s correct that in July, August, September, October and November 2022, monthly wage increases exceeded monthly inflation increases, though narrowly for two of those months. However, inflation remains high historically, as reflected by the year-over-year comparison, which shows inflation increasing more aggressively than wages this year compared with 2021. The statement is accurate but needs clarification. We rate it .
Statement: President Obama's health care law "represents a government takeover of health care.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: May 12, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Ann Arbor, Mich
Fact-check justification: There's no question that "government takeover" has been a successful talking point. A poll in March 2010 found that a majority of the American people believed it was . But the facts simply don't support it. The health care law continues to depend on private health insurance and private-sector physicians. So Romney earns the same rating as others who have made the  : !
Statement: The day Al Gore was born there were 130,000 glaciers on Earth. Today, only 130,000 remain.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 29, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: He speculated the figure came from the World Glacier Inventory, and indeed, the inventory "contains information for over 130,000 glaciers." But the inventory is just a snapshot of glacier distribution in the second half of the 20th century — it’s not comprehensive. "The number of glaciers probably is actually growing over time, due to ice complexes shrinking and breaking apart into pieces" Raup said. "But our data aren’t good enough to document this well." We rate this post .
Statement: In #WI, over 44,000 jobs depend on trade with Mexico and Canada.
Speaker: glenn grothman
About the speaker: Republican Glenn Grothman, of the Town of Glenbeulah in Sheboygan County, was first elected to Congress in 2014 after serving 21 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. He represents the 6th Congressional District in east-central Wisconsin that includes all or parts of Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Dodge, Winnebago, Columbia, Green Lake, Marquette and Waushara counties.  
 
Date: January 16, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs;trade
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "  He actually undershoots the mark, since the 44,000 applies only to manufacturing jobs. The real total of jobs tied to Canada and Mexico trade is 231,000. To be sure, 231,000 jobs is more than the 44,000 jobs claimed in the tweet. But it could also give the impression that only 44,000 jobs depend on trade with Canada and Mexico -- a figure that is off the mark by an estimated 187,000 jobs, or 80.9% PolitiFact’s definition of  is a statement that is partially accurate or leaves out important details or takes things out of context. That fits here.
Statement: The United States Department of Education has introduced an Islamic indoctrination program for the public schools, called 'Access Islam.'
Speaker: volusia county republican party
About the speaker: The Volusia County Republican Party is headquartered in Daytona Beach. The county party works to get Republicans elected to office.
Date: April 2, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: education;islam;religion
Context: an email
Fact-check justification: The Republican Party of Volusia County says "The United States Department of Education has introduced an Islamic indoctrination program for the public schools, called ‘Access Islam.’ The Access Islam program was created by a New York PBS station about a decade ago and received some funding from the federal education department during the George W. Bush administration. The program includes educational lesson plans and videos about various topics related to Islam including how Muslims pray, but the materials we reviewed didn’t appear to try to convince students to become Muslims or to argue that Islam is a better religion than other world religions. We rate this  .
Statement: Cash App founder Bob Lee's death is connected to FedNow.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 6, 2023
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: This is still a developing story. If new information comes to light that changes our conclusions in this fact-check, we’ll revisit it. For now, it’s . CORRECTION:   This story was updated shortly after publication to clarify how FedNow would operate.
Statement: Global food demand is expected to increase by 50 to 97 percent by 2050.
Speaker: sean spicer
About the speaker: Sean Spicer is former press secretary to President Donald Trump. Previously, he was the communications director for the Republican National Committee.
Date: March 21, 2017
Topics: global news service;agriculture;food;public health
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Spicer said that global food demand would increase by 50 to 98 percent by 2050. Recent projections agree with general thrust of his forecast, but it seems likely that Spicer’s  is a little too high to be completely on target. We rate the  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/8e0ffe0c-c964-466d-8119-10dd50b67863
Statement: Gains in Atlanta Public Schools scores on a national standardized test lend credence to "dramatic" score increases on state tests.
Speaker: beverly hall
About the speaker: Beverly Hall is former Superintendent for Atlanta Public Schools.
Date: August 10, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: Education Week
Fact-check justification: And even if it did, it may not ever be possible to ensure that APS sent accurate rosters to NAEP administrators. The NAEP destroyed its copies. Both the CRCT and NAEP registered some gains, but the causes are unclear, the results are mixed and the district’s integrity remains in question. So many questions remain unanswered that it makes little sense to conclude that NAEP scores confirm "dramatic" gains on the CRCT. Hall therefore earns a .
Statement: In recent years ... the Obama administration was committed to the notion, against all evidence, that we could reset relations with Putin.
Speaker: devin nunes
About the speaker: Devin Nunes is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives representing a district in California. He serves as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee.
Date: March 20, 2017
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a House Intelligence Committee hearing
Fact-check justification: Nunes said, "In recent years ... the Obama administration was committed to the notion, against all , that we could reset relations with Putin." Nunes’ summary of U.S. policy toward Russia is at best incomplete. The Obama administration did pursue a reset policy, and kept it up arguably as late as 2014. But observers agree that the policy was dead no later than early 2014, when Russia intervened in Ukraine, and was already in question for two years before that. Nunes’ statement is misleadingly oversimplified, so we rate it .
Statement: About 47 percent of able-bodied people in the state of Maine don't work.
Speaker: paul lepage
About the speaker: Paul LePage, a Republican, was elected governor of Maine in 2010. He overcame a difficult and impoverished childhood to graduate from college and become successful in business before winning the governorship.
Date: October 14, 2013
Location: national
Topics: disability;jobs;states;workers
Context: Falmouth, Maine
Fact-check justification: LePage said that "about 47 percent of able-bodied people in the state of Maine don’t work." Unless LePage thinks newborns and nonagenarians ought to get off their tushes and find a job, this is a  . In reality, only about 10 percent of able-bodied Maine residents aged 18 to 64 aren’t employed. And if you include those who are actively looking for work but who can’t find a job in today’s poor economy, the figure drops as low as 3.6 percent. We rate LePage’s  .
Statement: Says Ohio is one of just 17 states with an estate tax, and it has "the lowest threshold in the nation.
Speaker: jay hottinger
About the speaker: Jay Hottinger is a representative in the Ohio House. He represents the 71st District, which encompasses portions of Licking County.
 
Date: February 9, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: taxes
Fact-check justification: Twenty-five thousand dollars meant more in 1968 than it does today, but it didn’t equal wealth,  and adjusted for inflation, it wouldn’t equal $338,333.   According to the consumer price calculator of the Federal Reserve Bank, its 2011 equivalent would be $158,601. Hottinger, a sponsor of pending legislation to repeal the tax, has described it as "the most unfair and most egregious tax in the state of Ohio." We’re not running that statement through the -O-Meter. But we do rate his claims about the number of states that levy the tax and Ohio’s low threshold as .
Statement: West Virginia spends more tax dollars on public education than all but 13 other states and the District of Columbia.
Speaker: west virginia republican party
About the speaker: The West Virginia Republican Party is the official Republican state party organization in West Virginia.
Date: April 5, 2019
Location: west virginia
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The West Virginia Republican Party said, "West Virginia spends more tax dollars on public education than all but 13 other states and the District of Columbia." Using the specific federal data source cited in the tweet, neither the revenue level nor the spending level in West Virginia had that ranking, either in raw dollars or per pupil. In fact, using per-pupil spending, West Virginia is right around the national average, rather than ranking in the top one-quarter of states. We rate the statement .