chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Since World War II, only Gerald Ford and Bill Clinton have had worse ratings after seven months than President Obama.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: August 30, 2009
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: The Washington Post
Fact-check justification: Clinton's approval ratings dropped below 50 percent four months into his presidency, falling even further during his first year in office to the high 30s. There were a few more ups and downs during his first term, but he won re-election in 1996 and finished his term in 2001 with approval ratings above 60 percent, despite being impeached by the House of Representatives after a sex scandal. Make of all this what you will. We've looked into Gingrich's statement and found that he is correct. We rate his statement .
Statement: The majority actually want single-payer health care.
Speaker: michael moore
About the speaker: Michael Moore directed the movie "Capitalism: A Love Story" and is a well-known documentary filmmaker. His movies includes "Roger and Me," "Bowling for Columbine," "Fahrenheit 9/11," and "Sicko." He won the Academy Award for best documentary in 2002 with "Bowling for Columbine," and he was a nominee in 2007 for "Sicko." Michael Moore's Web site is www.MichaelMoore.com.
Date: September 26, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an appearance on Larry King Live
Fact-check justification: Some think companies ought to be required to provide insurance to employees, or else pay into a government fund that will pay to cover those without insurance. In the poll that Moore's people cited to back up his , the single-payer plan has consistently polled the worst among seven other posed options. We think it's , at best, for Moore to cite that July study to back up his  that a majority support a single-payer plan. In fact, one could make a strong argument that those very polls suggest there is more support for private insurance options than for a single-payer system. And so we find Moore's statement .
Statement: Says the Congressional Budget Office said "unemployment could top 9 percent in 2013
Speaker: u.s. chamber of commerce
About the speaker: From the chamber's Web site: "The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world's largest business federation representing 3 million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. More than 96% of U.S. Chamber members are small businesses with 100 employees or fewer."
Date: February 8, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;message machine 2012
Context: a video ad
Fact-check justification: The chamber ad flashed a headline saying "CBO: Unemployment Could Top 9 percent in 2013." But that figure represents a benchmark on which the CBO bases its forecast -- not the forecast itself. The CBO’s stated prediction puts unemployment at between 7.4 and 8.9 percent in 2013. The chamber ignored that reality, instead cherry-picking a higher number and making it sound like a prediction when it wasn't. We rate the  .
Statement: National Guard members turned their backs on Biden's motorcade on Inauguration Day.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 21, 2021
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "Some are facing out to ensure the safety of all." This has happened during other inaugural festivities, too. A video of the motorcade for President Donald Trump shows some security personnel facing away, as does a video of an inaugural motorcade for President Barack Obama. The post takes the video out of context. We rate them .
Statement: My opponent promises to bring back old jobs by wishing away the global economy.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: September 4, 2008
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: St. Paul, Minn
Fact-check justification: This is the moment for trade that is free and fair for all." So yes, Obama is not the most die-hard free trader there ever was. But that's a far cry from promising to "bring back old jobs by wishing away the global economy." He promises quite the opposite — to make the country more competitive in the global economy — and does it quite frequently. We find McCain's charge to be .
Statement: And the number one killer of teens in the United States is driving while using cell phones.
Speaker: john rodgers
About the speaker: John Rodgers is a state Senator from Glover.
Date: January 10, 2020
Location: vermont
Topics: guns
Context: an interview with VTDigger
Fact-check justification: Rodgers claimed that "the number one killer of teens in the United States is driving while using cellphones." In 2017, the CDC reported 14,103 total teen deaths (ages 10-19). The same year, the NHTSA reported just 63 deaths caused by cellphone use while driving.  That means that just about 0.4% of teen deaths are caused by texting while driving. There are many other causes of car crashes, as well as suicide, that have a far higher death toll.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says when Rhode Island Lottery was proposed, "state residents were enticed to vote for it with the promise that the money would be used for education.
Speaker: harold metts
About the speaker: Harold M. Metts is a Democratic Rhode Island state senator, representing Providence. He retired  after 31 years working in Providence schools as a teacher, coach and assistant principal. He was first elected to the Senate in 2004 and was a state representative from 1984-1998.
Date: March 14, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: education;gambling;history;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Sen. Harold Metts said he remembered that voters were enticed to vote for the lottery because the proceeds would be used for education. As it turns out, Metts, a retired educator, has inadvertently provided Rhode Island with a teachable moment. He certainly is not the first person to make that . But if he had done his homework, he would know that all the  shows that no such promise was made. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Bill de Blasio is "banning hot dog sales to stop climate change.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 27, 2019
Topics: city government;food;government regulation;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: New York City plans to phase out its purchase of processed meat—like hot dogs—as part of its efforts to confront the climate crisis and improve health inequities among residents. But that decision is limited to the government’s purchases, which means that while you might not be able to buy a hot dog at a public hospital cafeteria, feel free to stock up at the grocery store or get a link at any other private business that sells them.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: We've got a parole board right now that has released 20 cop killers in the last two years under Hochul.
Speaker: rob astorino
About the speaker: Rob Astorino is a Republican who is the former county executive of Westchester County, N.Y., just north of New York City. He is running for governor against Democratic Gov. Kathy Hochul.
Date: June 13, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: public safety
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: At the GOP debate, Astorino said 20 people convicted of killing law enforcement officers were released in the last two years, under Hochul.  Hochul became governor less than a year ago. Before that she was lieutenant governor. The governor appoints members of the parole board, and they must be confirmed by the Senate. The members are not appointed by the lieutenant governor.  Asked for  of his , Astorino's campaign provided a list of 19 people who had been convicted of killing a law enforcement officer and had been released on parole since late 2017. Only six had been paroled in the last two years, and only three had been paroled since Hochul became governor. A more comprehensive list from a police union showed 15 had been paroled in the last two years, and five since Hochul became governor.  Astorino’s campaign said the candidate included all of the parolees convicted in a police officer’s death since Hochul was lieutenant governor or governor. While Astorino’s tally of those parolees was 19, a police union list showed 34 such releases dating back four and a half years.  But that is not what he said at the debate. Astorino said parole releases in the past two years, giving listeners the  impression about the time frame of these releases.  We rate this  .
Statement: A North Carolina study proves that "probably over a million people voted twice in (the 2012) election.
Speaker: dick morris
About the speaker: Dick Morris is a former advisor to President Clinton. He is now an ardent Clinton-basher and Fox News contributor.
Date: April 7, 2014
Topics: elections;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of Fox News' "Hannity"
Fact-check justification: Morris said that the large number of North Carolina voters matched with records in other states was proof that over 1 million people voted twice in the 2012 election. While Morris admittedly was extrapolating from the North Carolina data, his conclusion is flawed on several fronts. The head of North Carolina’s board of elections did not  that even the closest matches on name, birth date and Social Security numbers was conclusive . She said more investigation was needed. The track record of the Interstate Crosscheck project shows that a tiny fraction of all potential matches represents any kind of voting fraud. In Kansas, out of more than 850,000 votes cast, only 14 names were recommended for prosecution and the Kansas Secretary of State reported no convictions. In other states, database quirks, human error and the statistics of large numbers have been shown to trim the initial reports of widespread fraud down to the barest sliver of actual cases. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Donald Trump's plan to repeal the estate tax would mean the Walmart Walton family would "get a $53 billion tax break.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: October 5, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: families;wealth;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Our rating Sanders says Trump’s plan to repeal the estate tax would mean the Walton family would "get a $53 billion tax break." Based on the collective wealth of seven Sam Walton descendants, they could face a tax of about $53 billion under the current estate tax law. But that amount is based on estimates of their wealth and it would be reduced based on any charitable donations the family members might arrange for upon their death. Meanwhile, Trump also proposes higher capital gains taxes, which could amount to a tax bill of tens of billions for the Walton heirs -- although that tax wouldn’t be imposed until they sell assets such as Walmart stock For a  that is partially accurate but needs more information, our rating is . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/b9673993-3e57-4e72-a28f-a546f1e4376e
Statement: Over the past few months, we've learned that "we just can't count on the media to debunk" lies about health insurance reform.
Speaker: organizing for america
About the speaker: Organizing for American was created from Barack Obama's campaign organization after the election of 2008. It is an advocacy group affiliated with the Democratic National Committee.
Date: September 1, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care;pundits
Context: a fundraising e-mail
Fact-check justification: Mitch Stewart of Organizing for America might not like the fact that some Americans remain unconvinced. They also probably don't like it that town halls during August have been packed with people making erroneous claims, or that some pundits think Obama is losing the debate over health care. But for Organizing for America to say that the media isn't debunking  claims about health care is  -- demonstrably . In fact, it's laughably delusional. We rate their statement !
Statement: Video shows a fight breaking out in a U.S. House of Representatives committee hearing.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 6, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But those brief interjections passed quickly as Rosenstein and Jordan’s testy exchange continued.   Verbal sparring? Sure. But no one threw a punch, and certainly not because Swalwell tried to outsmart Jordan.   We rate this post .
Statement: Redistribution" has "never been a characteristic of America.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: September 19, 2012
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;history;taxes
Context: Atlanta
Fact-check justification: Romney said that "redistribution" has "never been a characteristic of America." Reasonable people can disagree about the wisdom of it, but redistribution has been a basic principle of the U.S. tax system and many federal programs, including some such as veterans benefits that have long attracted support from Republicans. !
Statement: Report that #GOP insisting on changes to Social Security as part of #fiscalcliff false. BTW those changes are supported by @barackobama.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: December 30, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: federal budget;social security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: On Dec. 30, two days before Rubio voted against the fiscal cliff package, he tweeted: "Report that #GOP insisting on changes to Social Security as part of #fiscalcliff . BTW those changes are supported by @barackobama." Actually, Republicans had asked for the changes earlier in the negotiations, but dropped the demand later when they decided it was a political loser. Rubio’s tweet did not make it clear that GOP leadership did pursue the Social Security change, at least for a time. Rubio also stated "BTW those changes are supported by @barackobama." Obama has shown a willingness to use chained CPI as one ingredient in deficit reduction, though he acknowledges that it isn’t popular with seniors or his own party. Obama has also said it was a concession he was willing to offer as part of a deal where both sides would compromise to reduce the deficit. We rate Rubio’s  .
Statement: Georgia can substantially increase its funding for education by going after $2.5 billion in uncollected taxes.
Speaker: jason carter
About the speaker: Jason Carter was elected to the Georgia Senate in May 2010, representing portions of DeKalb County. He is an attorney at the business litigation firm of Bondurant, Mixson & Elmore, LLP. Carter is the grandson of former U.S. president and Georgia governor Jimmy Carter.
Date: August 27, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: press conference
Fact-check justification: Carter said he believes the state can collect a substantial amount to help education by going after delinquent taxpayers. The state’s experience – and a report from state auditors – say that may be more challenging than he suggests. Carter has a point. But there’s there’s a lot of context missing from his proposal. We rate it .
Statement: Social Security didn't cause the debt crisis. Social Security had nothing to do with the debt crisis.
Speaker: dennis kucinich
About the speaker: Dennis Kucinich is running in the Democratic primary for governor of Ohio in 2018. Kucinich was elected to Congress in 1996. He previously served as a member of the city council and as mayor in Cleveland, the city where he was born in 1946. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Case Western University. He has been married since 2005 to Elizabeth Harper. He was married twice before and has one child. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 25, 2008.
Date: July 15, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: deficit;economy;social security
Context: the House of Representatives
Fact-check justification: On the books, the Social Security trust fund has credits approaching $2.6 trillion. Social Security’s negative cash flow has begun to contribute a relatively small amount to the federal deficit, however, because Treasury has to borrow to cover the trust fund money that has been spent elsewhere. That is a recent development, and that information provides clarification. On the -O-Meter, we rate Kucinich’s  . Editor's note: PolitiFact Texas checked a slightly different  about Social Security, finding it  .
Statement: Says Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker eliminated "cancer screenings for uninsured women" and offered "no alternatives.
Speaker: gwen moore
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Gwen Moore is a Democratic member of Congress, representing Wisconsin's 4th District, which primarily includes Milwaukee. Moore, who served in the state Legislature from 1989 to 2004, was elected to Congress in 2004.
Date: December 27, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corrections and updates;health care;women
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: But all Walker eliminated was a contract with Planned Parenthood for assisting women in getting the screenings. And the screenings never ended -- nor did the assistance Planned Parenthood provided. Moore’s  was  and  -- our definition of . ( Editor's note: In the original version of this story, published Jan. 6, 2012, we stated Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin does not provide the actual cancer screenings. Planned Parenthood does offer the screenings separately from the contract that was canceled, which involved helping women sign up for the screenings. )
Statement: Multnomah County's food action plan "clearly plans to disrupt the free market system in terms of food choices making it harder and more expensive for many residents to eat their food of choice.
Speaker: roxanne ross
About the speaker: Roxanne Ross is a Gresham resident and Tea Party activist who posts to Red County, a website for conservative politicos.
Date: May 15, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: county government;government regulation
Context: an online posting
Fact-check justification: In the end, we don’t see how encouraging urban gardening and healthy eating and supporting a communal kitchen and small farmers will lead to higher prices for meat and bulk foods. There’s no disruption to the free flow of goods in and out of the market. In fact, those points -- price and disruption -- are . We rate the  . Comment on this item.
Statement: Says Manny Pacquiao, Usain Bolt and Princes William and Harry have donated tens of millions of dollars to Hurricane Harvey victims.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 30, 2017
Topics: environment;fake news;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: They each started with the quip "To whom much is given, much is expected." They also falsely claimed the athletes had traveled to Houston and attributed the same quotes to each. "It is a humanitarian gesture, an act of solidarity and support for a brotherly affected people," the stories attributed to Bolt, Pacquiao and Mayweather all say. Unlike some other  news sites, this one doesn’t have a disclaimer about the veracity of quotes or news reports, but it has all the tell-tale signs of a  news peddler, like unattributed facts, no publication date and click-bait ads. We rate this  !
Statement: The Biden White House had no representative" who came to honor the return of the 13 service members' remains at Dover Air Force Base.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 29, 2021
Location: national
Topics: afghanistan;military;patriotism;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Our sacred obligation to the families of these heroes will last forever. pic.twitter.com/lPx4a4ebS7   Social media posts claimed that no one from the Biden administration attended the dignified transfer of the remains of 13 fallen military personnel who were killed in the Aug. 26 terror attack in Afghanistan. The post repeated a   that was first shared and spread on Aug. 28, hours before the ceremony took place. The Bidens did attend the ceremony on Aug. 29, along with the secretaries of defense and state. We rate this  !
Statement: Fox News barely covered (the Duggar family) scandal until Megyn Kelly was able to secure this interview.
Speaker: brian stelter
About the speaker: Brian Stelter is CNN's senior media correspondent and the host of the Sunday media review show Reliable Sources. Previously, he worked at The New York Times.
Date: June 2, 2015
Topics: pop culture;pundits;punditfact
Context: an interview on "CNN Tonight"
Fact-check justification: Stelter said, "Fox News  covered this scandal until Megyn Kelly was able to secure this interview." Our review of media mentions of the Duggar story among CNN, MSNBC and Fox supports his statement. Fox News’ coverage was fleeting before Kelly’s interview was announced. We rate his  .