chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Finally, I will continue to fight against Republicans like Martina White, who like Trump, wants to deport all of our hard working immigrant brothers and sisters and white wash America.
Speaker: brian sims
About the speaker: State Rep., 182nd District
Date: March 31, 2017
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: immigration
Context: In a fundraising message
Fact-check justification: Rep. Brian Sims claimed in a fundraising message fellow state Rep. Martina White "wants to deport all of our hard working immigrant brothers and sisters and white wash America." White has never said anything like this or supported legislation that could lead to the deportation of all immigrants. A spokesperson for Sims acknowledged White had not said this, and White said she supported legal immigration.    This isn’t the first time Sims stretched the  in a fundraising message. Last spring, while asking for donations, he claimed "right-wing extremists" were trying to take his seat , though no Republicans were running for his seat and his Democratic competitors were similarly progressive. We rule the  .
Statement: Suzanne Bonamici was the only no vote on a 2009 bill cracking down on drunk drivers.
Speaker: rob cornilles
About the speaker: Rob Cornilles is the president and founder of Game Face Inc. He is a graduate of Brigham Young University.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: criminal justice;crime;message machine 2012;voting record
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Her campaign manager Carol Butler said Bonamici wanted to stop people from driving drunk in the first place, not fiddle with legislation that addressed the problem after the fact. In her five years in the Legislature, Bonamici has voted for many bills that crack down on drunk driving. But in this instance, Cornilles is correct. She was the sole no vote. We rate the statement .
Statement: SpongeBob's license address is Jeffrey Epstein's private island!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 22, 2020
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The ‘theme park’ on Little St. James has nine reviews, all from within the last week." Anyone can add places like businesses or landmarks on Google Maps, subject to verification, and it seems that someone recently added a theme park to the island with a  address before it was taken down.   Satellite images of the island don’t show a theme park. And searching for something connecting Jeffrey Epstein and this supposed theme park, we found nothing. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Schools are trying to make a law that teachers can see girls' private parts to make sure they're not trans.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: January 30, 2021
Location: florida
Topics: lgbtq;facebook fact-checks
Context: a sound
Fact-check justification: Several TikTok posts say "schools are trying to make a law that teachers can see girls' private parts to make sure they're not trans." That  is a misunderstanding of how some states are trying to legislate against transgender students. Congress and at least 17 states are considering legislation that would prohibit transgender students from being part of teams that don’t match their sex assigned at birth. Some of those bills would require doctor’s exams, but none of them say teachers would examine students’ genitalia. The TikTok posts contain an element of  about legislation that could compel the examination of transgender students. But the posts ignore critical facts that would give a different impression about how that legislation would be implemented. We rate the TikTok posts .
Statement: Red-flag laws have been "shown to reduce the number of suicides by firearms.
Speaker: creigh deeds
About the speaker: Creigh Deeds, D-Bath County, was elected to Virginia's House of Delegates in 1991 and moved to the state Senate in 2002. He was the Democratic nominee for lieutenant governor in 2002 and governor in 2006, losing both races to Republican Bob McDonnell. Deeds has been a leading voice for mental health reform since the suicide of his son, Gus, in 2013.
 
Date: June 11, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: public health;guns
Context: radio interview
Fact-check justification: Deeds said red-flag laws have been "shown to reduce the number of suicides by firearms." The scant research available, confined to two states, backs Deeds. Duke studies have concluded that one life was saved for every 10 firearms seized in Connecticut and Indiana. A University of Indianapolis study found it statistically likely that the two states would have experienced more gun suicides if they didn’t have the law. But Deeds’  could use some clarification. The number and rate of suicides - by gun or other means - have increased in both states and across the nation this century. What the studies conclude is that it would have been even worse in Connecticut and Indiana without the law. Another issue: While Connecticut had fewer gun suicides because of the law, the University of Indianapolis suggests the law caused a more than corresponding increase in suicides by other methods. Because Deed’s statement needs elaboration, we rate it .
Statement: Netflix estrenó una película del Titan el 23 de junio".
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 24, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks;politifact en español
Context: una publicación de Facebook
Fact-check justification: Esta explica la historia de un soldado que se somete a una transformación genética para salvar a la humanidad. Calificamos la publicación que dice que "Netflix estrenó una película del Titan el 23 de junio" como Falsa. Lea más reportes de PolitiFact en Español aquí. Debido a limitaciones técnicas, partes de nuestra página web aparecen en inglés. Estamos trabajando en mejorar la presentación.
Statement: Our doctors get more money if somebody dies from COVID. … So what they do is they say, 'I'm sorry, but, you know, everybody dies of COVID.'
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 30, 2020
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus;michigan
Context: Waterford, Mich
Fact-check justification: Trump said that doctors inflate the number of COVID-19 deaths to "get more money. ... So what they do is they say, ‘I'm sorry, but, you know, everybody dies of COVID.’"   There is no  to back this up. Doctors and coroners follow established guidelines on the cause of death, and  reporting is a crime. A plurality of doctors work for hospitals and have no financial incentive to falsify death records. Medicare does pay more for COVID-19 patients, but hospitals must prove a positive diagnosis for the disease.  A CDC analysis, in line with other research, finds the reported deaths from COVID-19 likely underestimate deaths from the virus. We rate this  .
Statement: Donna Campbell has called for ending all federal funding for education
Speaker: lloyd doggett
About the speaker: Rep. Lloyd Doggett was initially elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994.
Date: October 27, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: education;federal budget;taxes
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: No question, Campbell said last year she would vote to end federal funding for education. She has not repeated that exact statement. In campaign materials, she advocates against federal involvement in Texas schools, but doesn’t explicitly call for ending federal aid. That said, Campbell also has not clarified or backed off on saying she’d vote to end such federal funding. We rate Doggett’s statement .
Statement: [E]xcise tax increases drive commerce across state lines.
Speaker: grover norquist
About the speaker: Grover Norquist is president of Americans for Tax Reform, a group he founded in 1985 to advocate for a tax system in which taxes are simpler, flatter, more visible, and lower than they are today. Its flagship program is the Taxpayer Protection Pledge, which it began promoting in 1986 and expanded to the state level in 1990. Those who sign on to the pledge commit to oppose any effort to increase income taxes on individuals or businesses. Norquist also serves on the board of directors of the National Rifle Association of America, the American Conservative Union and The Nixon Center.
Date: December 12, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: taxes
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: He also noted the states that raise their excise taxes eventually make a profit. "On net, increases in taxes on cigarettes lead to revenue all the time," said Farrelly, senior director, RTI International Public Healthy Policy Research Program, headquartered near Raleigh, N.C. Our conclusion: Norquist has a good argument for his basic point, based on the research we’ve seen and people we’ve interviewed. The difference in taxes between some places, however, is so large ($2.20 a pack between Washington, D.C., and Virginia) that it adds some important context to this argument. With that additional bit of information, we rate Norquist’s  as .
Statement: We're the seventh highest taxed state in America. And that's not just state, it's local as well.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: May 24, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: taxes
Context: a public appearance
Fact-check justification: However, that figure was for 2005 and the study has been updated with the most recent set of rankings showing the state to have the 18th highest state and local tax burden. Another tax ranking, compiled by the more neutral Federation of Tax Administrators, showed Ohio 16th in state and local tax burden in 2008. No matter which set of rankings you use, Ohio clearly no longer has the seventh-highest tax burden. Kasich needs to update his talking points, and start giving his fellow Republicans a little credit for the full impact of the income tax cuts they began delivering to Ohioans back in 2005. On the -O-Meter, we rate Kasich’s  as .
Statement: Senate Bill 1070, simply, just mirrors federal law.
Speaker: jan brewer
About the speaker: Jan Brewer, a Republican, is the former governor of Arizona.
Date: March 28, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview with Fox Business
Fact-check justification: Brewer said, "Senate Bill 1070, simply, just mirrors federal law." The law on the books today comes close to mirrored federal law. But that’s only because the majority of the law was tossed out by the federal courts because it conflicted with federal law. It’s an odd thing for Brewer to be bragging about. Brewer’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/4da56f6c-dc6b-4c5b-a867-f213f0ac5b84
Statement: Says Hitler said, "This year will go down in history. For the first time, a civilized nation has full gun registration! Our streets will be safer, our police more efficient, and the world will follow our lead into the future!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 8, 2019
Topics: history;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (We’ve fact-checked whether gun control regulations in Nazi Germany helped advance the Holocaust and rated that  .) But, author Bernard Harcourt says in the paper, the quote "is probably a fraud and was likely never uttered. "  "The citation reference is a jumbled and incomprehensible mess that has never been properly identified or authenticated, and no one has been able to produce a document corresponding to the quote," he wrote. "It has been the subject of much research, all of it fruitless, and has now entered the annals of urban legends." We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: The party in the White House" is responsible for "a massive tax increase on the middle class.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: June 15, 2015
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: a speech launching his 2016 campaign
Fact-check justification: Bush said, "The party in the White House" is responsible for "a massive tax increase on the middle class." Bush pointed to the Affordable Care Act, which certainly does involve tax increases -- some of which affect the middle class, though not exclusively. It’s not accurate to call the tax increases for the middle class "massive." Some individuals might see their tax bill go up, while others see the tax benefits of the health care law   outweigh the costs, and some might experience a change so small they don’t notice it. Looking only at the health care law also ignores other pieces of tax policy that have affected the bottom line for the middle class.  We rate this  .
Statement: Electric utility FirstEnergy's annual revenues are greater "than the GDP of Haiti, Kyrgyzstan, Iceland, or 15 African nations.
Speaker: marcy kaptur
About the speaker: Marcy Kaptur represents Ohio's Ninth Congressional District in the House of Representatives. She was first elected to the House in 1982. She is the senior-most woman in the 111th Congress.
 
Date: October 25, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: corporations;energy;infrastructure
Context: testimony given at a public hearing
Fact-check justification: In fact, she understates the number of countries that have smaller GDP. Her underlying point, that FirstEnergy has sizable annual revenue, is accurate. So we’re not downgrading her on the -O-Meter. We rate Kaptur’s  as . Comment on this item .
Statement: The Senate Democrats' reconciliation bill "will strip $300 billion from Medicare.
Speaker: american prosperity alliance
About the speaker: The American Prosperity Alliance is an advocacy group.
Date: August 4, 2022
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicare
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The American Prosperity Alliance said in an ad that the Senate Democrats’ reconciliation bill "will strip $300 billion dollars from Medicare." The federal government would see its outlays reduced by about $300 billion as a result of a Medicare drug-price negotiation provision. However, that reduction wouldn’t represent cuts to Medicare beneficiaries. Rather, by leveraging Medicare’s market power, the government would be able to pay less to provide the same medicines. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Kamala Harris inaccurately "claimed to be bussed in the 60's due to segregation type issues.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 13, 2020
Location: california
Topics: education;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The city’s junior high schools had started integrating earlier, in 1964, though not using busing, and Berkeley has only one high school, so it was already desegregated.   With its "wth?" tag, the Facebook post implies that Harris was  in saying she was bused to desegregate public schools. That’s . The timeline of Berkeley desegregation efforts and the school district corroborate her statement.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says taxing more services, taxing retirement income and increasing the flat-rate income tax would "fall disproportionately on the working poor and the middle class.
Speaker: jb pritzker
About the speaker: J.B. Pritzker is Illinois' 43rd governor and a former Chicago venture capitalist and entrepreneur.
Date: February 20, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Pritzker said that raising revenue for cash-strapped Illinois by taxing more services, taxing retirement income and increasing the state’s current flat-rate income tax would "fall disproportionately on the working poor and the middle class." Those are indeed possibilities, but examples from some other states show they don’t have to be realities. There are states with broader, less regressive sales taxes. There are flat tax states that tax retirement income without burdening the poor and middle class. And, as Pritzker himself once pointed out, there may even be ways to wring more revenue from a flat tax system without harming taxpayers of more modest means. We rate his  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: If we increase fuel efficiency standards to 40, 45 miles a gallon, we would have to import zero oil from the Middle East.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: June 19, 2007
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: Washington, DC
Fact-check justification: "It's not correct to say that we can specify where we buy our oil," Schipper said. "Oil goes into one big world barrel." Obama's comment "if we import zero oil from the Middle East, that means the gas prices are going to go down at the pump" is a bit of a stretch. Given the volatility of oil prices and the time it, the price at the pump might still go up because of other factors. But under his scenario, it would go up less.
Statement: Says "some people in the Great State of North Carolina have been sent TWO BALLOTS. RIGGED ELECTION in waiting!
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 17, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The state has already processed 88,000 of 817,000 ballots that have been mailed out, she said. The president’s  contains an element of : an elections board sent two ballots to about 500 voters. But it ignores some very important context: North Carolina election officials say their ballot-counting system doesn’t allow an individual’s quote to be counted twice. That means this type of  is very unlikely to alter or "rig" the election, as Trump suggests. So we rate this  .
Statement: The average student debt "coming out of the University of Wisconsin-Madison is something like 28,000 dollars.
Speaker: russ feingold
About the speaker: Russ Feingold served as a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Wisconsin from 1992 until 2010, when he was defeated for re-election. An attorney, he previously served 10 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. Following his Senate defeat, he founded Progressives United, which says it mission is to "stand up to the exploding corporate influence in our political system by organizing and amplifying the voices of those who believe that corporations have too much power." Feingold is running against U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, the man who defeated him, in the 2016 election.
Date: June 3, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Our rating Feingold said the average student debt "coming out of the University of Wisconsin-Madison is something like 28,000 dollars." His number was on target, but he failed to mention the average only included about half of all students -- those who borrowed money for their educational expenses. The other half left with no debt at all. Feingold’s statement is accurate, but needs additional information. That’s our definition of .
Statement: Questions about whether she's been vaccinated are "a violation of my HIPAA rights.
Speaker: marjorie taylor greene
About the speaker: Marjorie Taylor Greene is a Republican representative from Georgia.
Date: July 20, 2021
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;public health;coronavirus
Context: remarks to reporters
Fact-check justification: Greene said questions from reporters about whether she’s been vaccinated violate her HIPAA rights.  That’s not . HIPAA gives people the right to control how hospitals and insurance companies share their medical records, but it gives no blanket protection against being asked health questions, or having to answer them.  Employers may ask employees if they are vaccinated, without running afoul of HIPAA, according to federal guidelines.  Greene can sidestep the question as a matter of personal choice, but not because of HIPAA.  We rate this  .
Statement: Hillary stood up for universal health care when almost no one else would, and kept standing till 6-million kids had coverage.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: October 4, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Iowa and New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: But the Clinton campaign says she used her influence behind the scenes to push for SCHIP, and there is  to support that. Shortly after the legislation passed, the New York Times reported, "Participants in the campaign for the health bill both on and off Capitol Hill said the first lady had played a crucial behind-the-scenes role in lining up White House support." We don't dispute that Clinton worked behind the scenes for SCHIP, but the TV ad gives her disproportionate credit for the entire program. We find that the ad overstates her role on this count and also on the broader issue of universal health care. And so we find the  to be .