chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: If Florida expanded Medicaid, "some studies indicate it would create about 120,000 jobs.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: October 15, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: medicaid
Context: a debate at Broward College
Fact-check justification: Crist said "some studies indicate" expanding Medicaid would "create about 120,000 jobs." Crist was referring to one study done for the Florida Hospital Association, a supporter of Medicaid expansion. That study predicted about 120,000 new jobs. There have been several studies that predict job growth related to Medicaid expansion, with one study putting the figure as low as 10,000 jobs. Crist cherry-picked the study with the highest statistic and omitted that it was done for an association that supports the expansion. Most economists and Medicaid experts say that it’s likely that the infusion of federal cash would lead to some jobs, but it is difficult to pinpoint the number. We rate this  .
Statement: Florida's legal challenge of the federal health care bill is "bipartisan.
Speaker: bill mccollum
About the speaker: Bill McCollum is a former Florida Attorney General. He campaigned to be governor and was defeated in the Republican primary on Aug. 24, 2010. 
Date: March 23, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: No Child Left Behind passed 381-41 in the House with 183 Republicans and 198 Democrats voting for it. It passed 87-10 in the Senate with the support of 44 Republicans and 43 Democrats. McCollum, who is running for governor, claims that his constitutional challenge of the landmark health care bill passed by Congress is a "bipartisan effort." That's pretty  when only one out of 13 attorneys general supporting the lawsuit is something other than a Republican. As such, we rate his  .
Statement: Donald Trump authorized up to 20,000 National Guard troops to protect the Capitol" before Jan. 6, 2021, but was "rejected" by Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer.
Speaker: sean hannity
About the speaker: Sean Hannity is a conservative political commentator and hosts a nationally syndicated radio show, as well as two television shows on the Fox News Channel. In a 2013 interview Hannity said that he is a “registered Conservative” and ”not a Republican, though people often mistake me for one.” Hannity has authored three books.
Date: June 9, 2022
Topics: military;pundits;punditfact;jan. 6
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Hannity said, "Donald Trump authorized up to 20,000 National Guard troops to protect the Capitol" before Jan. 6, 2021, but was "rejected" by Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer. There is no record of Trump formally authorizing 20,000 National Guard troops prior to the Jan. 6 attack. There is also no record of Pelosi rejecting such an authorization — and experts said she would not have had the authority to do so as House speaker.  We rate Hannity’s  . PolitiFact staff writer Grace Abels contributed research and reporting to this fact-check.
Statement: Seventy percent of the people in the state of New Jersey want marriage equality.
Speaker: stephen sweeney
About the speaker: State Senate President Stephen Sweeney is a Democrat representing Salem County and parts of Gloucester and Cumberland counties.
Date: June 1, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: lgbtq;marriage
Context: an interview on NJTV's 'On The Record With Michael Aron'
Fact-check justification: Sweeney said during a recent TV interview, "Seventy percent of the people in the state of New Jersey want marriage equality." It’s clear that support for same-sex marriage is growing, but it’s not at the level mentioned by Sweeney. A number of polls on the topic cite support ranging from just below 60 percent to a high of 64 percent, and two New Jersey polling directors say they have never seen support levels for same-sex marriage hit 70 percent. National polls also indicate lower support levels. We rate the  . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: It has been estimated that only 12% of workers in businesses that are likely to stay open during this crisis are receiving paid sick leave benefits as a result of the second coronavirus relief package.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 8, 2020
Topics: health check;coronavirus
Context: The Guardian
Fact-check justification: This is . There are different takes on the math, but when you factor in the impact of the law’s exemptions to this requirement, it still appears that the number of essential workers guaranteed paid sick leave because of this law is in the range of 12% to the low teens. More important, Sanders is correct about the big picture: Congress’ paid sick leave guarantee exempts the vast majority of front-line workers during the pandemic, which could make containing the virus harder. Sanders’  could use some more context, but it is generally a fair assessment. We rate it .
Statement: Says the reforms in state Issue 2 "will save taxpayer dollars
Speaker: building a better ohio
About the speaker: Building a Better Ohio is a political action committee promoting passage of Issue 2 in Ohio. Passage of the state issue would allow provisions of Senate Bill 5, a law overhauling collective bargaining rules for public workers in Ohio, to be implemented.
Date: September 15, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: labor;state budget;unions
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: And there’s one other thing to consider. If union employees lose pension and health care benefits, they may be able to negotiate to get some of it back in the form of higher wages. And that could cancel out some of the savings to the taxpayer. Those points provide additional information and clarification. On the -O-Meter, the  rates .
Statement: Says "Hillary Clinton set aside environmental and labor rules to help a South Korean company with a record of violating workers' rights set up what amounts to a sweatshop in Haiti.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 6, 2016
Location: national
Topics: environment;corrections and updates;labor;workers
Context: North Carolina
Fact-check justification: Trump said Clinton "set aside environmental and labor rules to help a South Korean company with a record of violating workers’ rights set up what amounts to a sweatshop in Haiti." There is no  that Clinton set aside environmental and labor rules and Trump exaggerated about the record of the South Korean company in question. We rate this statement . Correction Oct. 12, 2016   Sae-A closed the Guatemala factory where it had a dispute with a union. A previously version of this fact-check incorrectly said Sae-A left the country entirely. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/4e6663b3-a536-4892-b9a6-79688568959f
Statement: Five percent of Americans pay over half the income taxes in this country. Forty percent of Americans pay no income taxes at all.
Speaker: fred thompson
About the speaker: Fred Thompson was a U.S. senator from Tennessee from 1994 to 2003. He graduated from Memphis State University and earned a law degree at Vanderbilt University. Thompson practiced law and served a variety of government counsel positions, including as minority counsel for the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities ("Watergate Committee"). In his acting career Thompson has appeared in 18 films, and recently worked as a TV actor, playing a prosecutor on the series Law and Order. Thompson was born in Alabama in 1942. He has been married to Jeri Kehn since 2002, and has four children, two from his first marriage. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 22, 2008.
Date: December 12, 2007
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Johnston, Iowa
Fact-check justification: It's logical to assume that most nonfilers don't pay income taxes, but it's possible that some did if they had income taxes withheld by an employer. This is probably a very small number, because people with low incomes have an economic incentive to file a return and get a refund. The U.S. income tax system is progressive, which means that rates increase as income increases. Given that structure, it makes sense that people with higher incomes pay more taxes, and people with low incomes might pay no tax at all. Thompson's numbers are on the money, and we rate them .
Statement: Says image shows Pete Buttigieg in a leather suit posing with two other men.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 8, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) PolitiFact ran reverse image searches and found the original photo , which does not include Buttigieg. The picture found on Pinterest does not identify who’s in it; it only says it’s from a Folsom Street Fair. The Facebook photo was edited to replace the face of the person originally in the photo with an image of Buttigieg’s face. We rate the doctored Facebook photo !
Statement: California State Assembly bill would ban the (sale of the) Bible!
Speaker: oath keepers
About the speaker: The Oath Keepers is a conservative advocacy group that encourages veterans and first responders to pledge to protect the constitution.
Date: April 19, 2018
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;religion
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The Oath Keepers group said that a California law would ban the sale of the Bible. We found that even some opponents of the bill don’t go that far. The general consensus is that the Bible covers a lot of ground and the proposed law would have no effect on the ordinary sale of Bibles. If the law had any impact at all, it would be on those occasions when a Bible is sold in conjunction with a program to change someone’s sexual orientation. This is a point where legal scholars differ. Some say the law could touch the sale of a Bible, while others believe the Bible lies outside the scope of the law. But even assuming the law might have an impact, with millions of Bibles sold in California, the weight of  suggests the bill might only touch a fraction of them. We rate this  .
Statement: N95 masks block few, if any" COVID-19 particles due to their size.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 4, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;public health;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said the "N95 masks block few, if any" COVID-19 particles due to their size. This  — attempting to disprove a fundamental piece of protective gear used by healthcare professionals around the world — is nonsense. The COVID-19 virus itself is indeed smaller than the N95 filter size, but the virus always travels attached to larger particles that are consistently snared by the filter. And even if the particles were smaller than the N95 filter size, the erratic motion of particles that size and the electrostatic attraction generated by the mask means they would be consistently caught as well. We rate this  .
Statement: Amazon has a "no-tax monopoly.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 24, 2017
Location: national
Topics: corporations;taxes
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Trump said Amazon has a "no-tax monopoly." Amazon is an industry giant, but it does not exert enough market control to be considered a monopoly, and no U.S. tribunal has ever deemed it as such. While Amazon takes advantage of tax breaks and loopholes, it pays federal corporate tax, and charges sales taxes in 46 U.S. jurisdictions. It also supports federal legislation that would require other online retailers to pay state tax on internet sales. Trump’s statement is  and . We rate it !
Statement: I'm proud to have had a 100 percent pro-life voting record.
Speaker: fred thompson
About the speaker: Fred Thompson was a U.S. senator from Tennessee from 1994 to 2003. He graduated from Memphis State University and earned a law degree at Vanderbilt University. Thompson practiced law and served a variety of government counsel positions, including as minority counsel for the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities ("Watergate Committee"). In his acting career Thompson has appeared in 18 films, and recently worked as a TV actor, playing a prosecutor on the series Law and Order. Thompson was born in Alabama in 1942. He has been married to Jeri Kehn since 2002, and has four children, two from his first marriage. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 22, 2008.
Date: November 18, 2007
Location: national
Topics: abortion
Fact-check justification: The ad, which aired first in Iowa, then nationally on Fox News, is designed to help Thompson set himself apart from his chief Republican rivals, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney and former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani, in the race for the GOP nomination. Romney says he now opposes abortion; when he ran for governor, he said he was in favor of abortion rights. Giuliani publicly supports abortion rights. By contrast, Thompson's commitment in public life to the policies espoused by antiabortion groups has never wavered. We find his  .
Statement: Says Rep. Martha McSally "has repeatedly tried to limit women's access to birth control, and she even cosponsored a bill to make contraception more expensive for women.
Speaker: arizona democratic party
About the speaker: Arizona Democratic Party.
Date: October 4, 2018
Location: arizona
Topics: health care;women
Context: a website
Fact-check justification: The Arizona Democratic Party said, McSally "has repeatedly tried to limit women’s access to birth control, cosponsored a bill to make contraception more expensive for women." Under the Affordable Care Act, most women don’t have to pay for birth control if its prescribed. McSally voted to repeal the health care law. The bill McSally supports seeks to make contraceptive drugs available over-the-counter, which would increase access. But experts said that without language in the bill saying over-the-counter contraception would be covered by insurance, women could go from not paying to paying. Some states have passed laws to ensure no-cost contraceptive coverage, but that approach could leave women in some states paying out-of-pocket. The Arizona Democratic Party’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: That 3.5 percent (increase in the third quarter GDP) came from two things — government spending on Cash for Clunkers — they just moved fourth-quarter auto sales into the third quarter — and the first-time home buyer thing.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: November 1, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;pundits;stimulus
Context: Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: Economists agree those programs, particularly Cash for Clunkers, contributed significantly to the bump. And it's certainly valid to caution that much, if not all, of the bump can be attributed to government intervention. But Limbaugh oversimplifies things when he dismisses the growth as tied solely to those two programs. By our math, even a generous reading of government data ties less than half of the growth in GDP to sectors of the economy those two programs may have influenced. And so we rate his statement .
Statement: Says 55 percent of council members have come from area where only 10 percent of Austinites live.
Speaker: gonzalo barrientos
About the speaker: Barrientos long represented Austin in the Texas House and Senate.
Date: October 22, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: city government
Context: the Austin American-Statesman
Fact-check justification: Barrientos wrote, "10 percent of the population lives in an area that receives 55 percent of the representation," citing the system in place since 1971. Young later specified that the area is four ZIP codes. Leaving out the implication that officials only advocate for their home neighborhoods, the 55 percent calculation is slightly off due to a double-counting of mayors. All told, it looks like 50 percent of Austin’s council members (including mayors) have come from those ZIPs over the past four decades. In 2010, the ZIPs were home to 11 percent of the city’s population; in 2000, the ZIPs were home to 7 percent of the city’s population, arguably reinforcing Barrientos’ point. We rate Barrientos’ statement .
Statement: Obama voted to raise taxes on people making just $42,000.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: August 8, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The ad gives an overall  impression that Obama as president would favor tax increases for incomes of $42,000. He does not. Obama's tax proposals are crafted so that tax increases hit those couples $250,000 or more a year, or $200,000 for singles. He also proposes a $1,000 tax credit on income for working families ($500 for singles). Because the ad cherry-picks a vote that would not have directly changed the tax code, we find the statement .
Statement: Federal law prohibits the growing of industrial hemp in the United States.
Speaker: suzanne bonamici
About the speaker: Suzanne Bonamici is a member of the Oregon Senate. She is also the Democratic nominee to represent the state's 1st congressional district.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: agriculture;small business;marijuana
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Oregon became the seventh state to do so, joining Maine and Hawaii. But we can’t grow industrial hemp yet because the federal government has yet to authorize it. "Until there is some change at the federal level, we are poised to begin the process of establishing rules for production," said Bruce Pokarney, spokesman for Oregon’s Agriculture Department. The federal government does not allow the growing of industrial hemp in the United States. We rate the statement .
Statement: Sen. Bob Menendez voted to enact a new tax on the sale of homes of 3.8%.
Speaker: menendez facts
About the speaker: Menendez Facts is a blog targeting U.S. Sen. Robert Menendez. 
Date: September 4, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: health care;housing;income;taxes
Context: a blog
Fact-check justification: A blog called Menendez Facts claimed that "Sen. Bob Menendez voted to enact a new tax on the sale of homes of 3.8%." That’s a distortion of the . Menendez voted in favor of a bill tied to the health care law that created a tax on investment income for high-income earners. Though that investment income could include profits from real estate transactions, it is not a tax on the sales price of a home and it would not impact the vast majority of Americans. Wealthy individuals who sell their home for a large profit may be subject to the tax, but the blog does not make that clear and suggests the tax applies to the sales price of homes, regardless of an individual’s income. So again we set this   ablaze: ! To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Millennials "will be 75 percent of the workforce in the next 10 years.
Speaker: mark warner
About the speaker: Mark Warner, a Democrat, has represented Virginia in the U.S. Senate since 2009. He serves on the Banking, Budget, Commerce and Intelligence committees. He is the honorary co-chairman of the Forward Together PAC.
Warner gave the keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Warner previously served as governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006. He also ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1996. Before public office, Warner was an early investor in the cell phone business, co-founded the company that became Nextel.
Warner was born in Indianapolis, Ind., and grew up in Illinois and Connecticut. Warner graduated from George Washington University, Washington, D.C. He received a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass.
Date: June 4, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: labor;workers
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification:   Warner says millennials will make up 75 percent of the workforce a decade from now. Projections show that they’re on track to make up about 44 percent of the workforce in 10 years.   Clearly, the millennials are rising, but nowhere near the pace Warner describes. We rate his statement .
Statement: Senator Obama has the most liberal voting record in the United States Senate.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: September 26, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: Oxford, Miss
Fact-check justification: If McCain had made a more general statement about Obama's ideology, he could have been more accurate. But McCain's statement that Obama "has the most liberal voting record in the United States Senate," suggests it is a cumulative rating for all of Obama's time in the Senate. But in fact, it is  for only one rating for one year. Measurements for other years and by other groups show Obama is not the No. 1 liberal — in some cases, far from No. 1. So we find McCain's statement to be .