chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Toxicology report was made public by the MN prosecution revealing the cause of George Floyd's death was a fentanyl overdose.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 24, 2021
Topics: criminal justice;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said, "Toxicology report was made public by the MN prosecution revealing the cause of George Floyd’s death was a fentanyl overdose." That’s not what the county medical examiner’s autopsy revealed. The report indicated that relatively high levels of fentanyl were found in Floyd’s system, but it ruled the manner of death a homicide and said the cause of his death was "cardiopulmonary arrest complicating law-enforcement subdual restraint, and neck compression."  An independent autopsy ordered by Floyd’s family also ruled Floyd’s death a homicide, and it said the cause was asphyxiation. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Mitch McConnell said he wanted states to go bankrupt instead of the federal government providing relief. Today, Thom Tillis agreed.
Speaker: cal cunningham
About the speaker: Cal Cunningham is a Democrat running for US Senate in 2020.
Date: April 24, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cunningham tweeted, "Mitch McConnell said he wanted states to go bankrupt instead of the federal government providing relief. Today, Thom Tillis agreed." The tweet lacks so much context that it’s several degrees removed from what’s actually been said.  McConnell wasn’t talking about just any states, he was talking about states that were in poor financial shape before the coronavirus outbreak. Additionally, McConnell said he supported bankruptcy as a novel option for states, particularly for those with pre-existing pension liabilities. Tillis said he agreed with McConnell "more or less." He agreed that Congress shouldn’t pay for revenue losses that aren’t related to the coronavirus outbreak. But Tillis never actually said he wanted states to go bankrupt. And he said he will consider federal aid for smaller governments on a case-by-case basis. Cunningham’s tweet  what McConnell said and misrepresents what Tilils has said about federal coronavirus aid. It contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Says 3,000 Americans "died of gunfire" between the time of the Ebola scare in Dallas and the midterm elections.
Speaker: doonesbury
About the speaker: Doonesbury is a Pulitzer Prize-winning comic strip by G.B. Trudeau.
Date: December 14, 2014
Topics: public health;punditfact;guns
Context: the Sunday comics
Fact-check justification: Garry Trudeau, speaking through his characters in Doonesbury , said that in the time between the Ebola scare in Dallas and the election, "statistically" about 3,000 Americans died from gunfire. The latest data from the CDC bears that out. Using a five-year average, we found 3,041 deaths in the relevant time period. Given that the debate over gun deaths in this country often centers on homicides or accidental shootings, it is important to note that about two-thirds of the total would likely be suicides. Plus, the CDC data counts the deaths of residents, which might include some noncitizens. Still, the number of deaths is in line with what Trudeau said, even if the precise figures will vary. The  is accurate but it requires some clarification. Accordingly, we rate it .
Statement: John McCain fought to rein in Fannie and Freddie...but Democrats blocked the reforms.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: September 30, 2008
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: an advertisement
Fact-check justification: Did Democrats block the reforms? More or less. They preferred a pared-down bill, and so did not support Hagel's. McCain overstates his role in pushing for Fannie and Freddie reform, and slightly oversimplifies the dynamic at work in the Senate. We give his  a .
Statement: All Missouri's high-risk areas have mask mandates in place.
Speaker: mike parson
About the speaker: Mike Parson, a Republican, was elevated to governor of Missouri after the resignation of Gov. Eric Greitens in 2018.
Date: August 18, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Parson said in August: "All Missouri’s high-risk areas have mask mandates in place." It was not  when he made the  in mid-August, and it is not  now. At the time, 12 of the 15 highest risk counties in the state had no mandates. The trend continues. We rate Parson’s statement .
Statement: Residents could have received nearly $48M for Local Schools, Fire District, Sheriff's Dept. and Social Services.
Speaker: freedom and responsibility pac
About the speaker: Freedom and Responsibility PAC, based in Tigard, provides support to those described by its treasurer, Richard Burke, as "fiscal conservatives." Burke is a registered Libertarian, but describes the PAC as nonpartisan.
Date: November 25, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: county government
Context: a mailed flier
Fact-check justification: The flier lists four figures. One -- the amount that would have gone to the general fund -- was accurate, and another -- the amount for fire services -- wasn’t far off. The figure given for the sheriff’s office was  and oversimplified, though, and the figure for schools was  in amount and recipient. On the other point, residents would have seen a benefit from the return of the money, but it wouldn’t have been given directly to them. We rate the   because it contains some element of  but ignores critical facts.
Statement: Trump's tax reform plan was nothing more than a middle-class tax increase.
Speaker: phil ting
About the speaker: Phil Ting is a Democrat and California state assemblyman who represents San Francisco. 
Date: January 21, 2018
Location: california
Topics: congress;taxes
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: Democratic Assemblyman Phil Ting recently claimed the GOP tax plan is "nothing more than a middle class tax increase." That doesn’t match up with estimates from the centrist Tax Policy Center and conservative leaning Tax Foundation. They project the plan will result in a tax cut for about 90 percent of middle-income households nationwide in 2018. Those cuts would range from about $900 to $1,800. The remaining middle-income households would see their taxes stay the same or go up. The California Budget and Policy Center, a liberal leaning group, warns the plan will provide little if any help to middle- and low-income earners in high-tax California, given new limits placed on state and local tax deductions. But even with those new caps, plus a change to the mortgage interest deduction, national tax experts told us the vast majority of middle-class Californians -- up to 85 percent -- will still experience a tax cut in the plan’s first year. That could change by 2027 after the individual tax cuts expire, when households who make $75,000 or less are expected to see a tax hike. Congress could extend those cuts, though nothing is guaranteed. There might have been some  to Ting’s statement had he said the plan was "nothing more than a middle class tax increase" —  by 2027, after the cuts expire. But his statement ignores the fact that the vast majority in America’s, and California’s, middle class are expected to get a tax break between now and then. We rate Ting’s  .    –  The statement is not accurate. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Comedian Heather McDonald collapsed on stage as a result of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 8, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A statement posted on her Facebook page said that "thus far the tests have revealed no underlying medical issues that may have precipitated this event." McDonald has joked about the timing of her COVID-19 bit and collapse, posting a video on Instagram that says: "When you faint on stage after you brag about being vaccinated." But claims that the COVID-19 vaccine caused her to fall are rooted in nothing more than speculation. If news emerges that there is a connection between the vaccine and the incident, we’ll reconsider our ruling.   For now, we rate unfounded claims that the vaccine caused McDonald to fall .
Statement: There are more guns than there are people in the United States.
Speaker: eleanor holmes norton
About the speaker: Eleanor Holmes Norton has served as the non-voting D.C. delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives since 1991.
Date: September 16, 2013
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Norton claimed there are "more guns than there are people in the United States." There’s no way to know for sure how many guns there are, given the available data. The highest credible guns number we saw was 310 million, which bests the 2010 population by over a million. But it falls short of the 2013 population estimate. We don't have any reliable gun surveys to approximate 2013 numbers. There's a chance Norton is right, but the available  isn't definitive. We rate Norton’s  .
Statement: [Mitt] Romney and [Brendan] Doherty certainly have a lot in common, like flip-flopping on abortion -- in Doherty's case, in a little over a week.
Speaker: stephanie desilva
About the speaker: Stephanie DeSilva is executive director of the Rhode Island Democratic Party.
Date: January 11, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: abortion;women
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Stephanie DeSilva, executive director of the Rhode Island Democratic Party, said Doherty changed his position on abortion in a little over a week. It is  that a change was made to the phrasing on his website. His campaign removed an ambiguous statement that could be read as supporting the Supreme Court’s decision legalizing abortion. His spokesman said that wasn’t the statement’s intent -- but then refused to answer whether Doherty would work to overturn Roe vs. Wade. On the other hand, Doherty clearly said he was "pro-life," in both versions,  even if the Supreme Court reference would make staunch abortion opponents wary. Because her statement "is partially accurate but leaves out important details," we rule it . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Now that it's even, Nevada decides to stop counting and is now not going to count anything until TOMORROW! What?!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 4, 2020
Location: nevada
Topics: elections
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post on Nov. 4 said "Now that it’s even, Nevada decides to stop counting and is now not going to count anything until TOMORROW! What?!" The post is . First, elections officials didn’t stop counting ballots, and they didn’t make decisions based on the closeness of the presidential race. Early in the morning of Nov. 4, the state elections office tweeted that it would next announce results on the morning of Nov. 5. But a spokesperson for the Secretary of State and in Washoe County told us that the counting of ballots continued on Nov. 4.  We rate this statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: A $250 fine if you're caught with a plastic bag coming out of a store. Plastic bag police anyone?
Speaker: victoria taft
About the speaker: Victoria Taft is a conservative talk show host on KPAM radio.
Date: April 25, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: environment
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But instead, we rate her statement a . A shopper who is "caught with a plastic bag" does not merit a fine, and indeed, it may not even merit the retailer a fine since shoppers are allowed to bring in their own bags. DEQ officials will not be prowling supermarket exits to pounce on single-use plastic bag users. The statement is not accurate.    Return to OregonLIve.com to comment on this -O-Meter ruling.
Statement: Says Donald Trump "doesn't believe in equal pay.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: November 1, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;women
Context: Dade City, Fla
Fact-check justification: Clinton said Trump "doesn't believe in equal pay." Trump’s campaign website does not have a stipulated stance on equal pay for men and women, but his campaign says he supports "equal pay for equal work." Trump has said men and women doing the same job should get the same pay, but it’s hard to determine what’s "the same job," and that if everybody gets equal pay, "you get away from capitalism in a sense." Trump has also said pay should be based on performance, not gender -- so he does appear to favor uniform payment if performance is alike. Clinton’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/6bff771d-527f-4055-95a6-652087abc7b6
Statement: Republicans want to restore #gunrights to felons
Speaker: josé serrano
About the speaker: Rep. José Serrano, a Democrat, represents New York's 15th congressional district in the Bronx.
Date: September 12, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: crime;guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Serrano said Republicans want to restore gun rights to felons. An amendment proposed by a Republican congressman would allow people who have been stripped of their gun rights by the government to ask for them back. That’s not limited to people with a felony and it’s not guaranteed they will be approved. Serrano’s statement is accurate but needs clarification. We rate it .
Statement: Black Lives Matter is a terrorist organization.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 26, 2020
Topics: civil rights;terrorism;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A widely shared Facebook post claimed: "Black Lives Matter is a terrorist organization." We didn’t find any  of this. Black Lives Matter advocates against police-sanctioned violence against Black people. It does not fit the federal definition of a terrorist organization, nor does it appear as a terrorist group in an extensive database of terrorist attacks. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says he "started" the Pacur plastics manufacturing company he owns.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: April 29, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;jobs
Fact-check justification: Our rating Announcing a statewide tour in his campaign for reelection, a Johnson news release said Johnson "started" the Pacur plastics manufacturing company he owns. The  contradicts Pacur’s own company history and Johnson’s prior statements, which make it clear he helped start Pacur with his brother-in-law, who was more involved in the founding. Johnson didn't do it alone. The news release doesn’t indicate an attempt by Johnson to rewrite history, but he is responsible for his campaign statements, and this one left out important details. For a statement that is partially accurate but needs more information, we rate the  .
Statement: Says a new Apple update will "scan U.S iPhones for images.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 15, 2021
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: They also are separate from the update that was announced and widely reported on Sept. 13.   This post conflates the two by sharing a seemingly old video with old news on the heels of an announcement of a news, separate update.   While there was an update planned that would scan iPhone images, as the video in the Instagram post says, that update has been delayed and is unrelated to a more recent update announced to improve security on Apple devices.   That context is important, and missing in this case.   We rate this post .
Statement: Under Randi Shade," Austin has "had the highest cost of living of any large Texas city.
Speaker: better austin today
About the speaker: Better Austin Today Political Action Committee, or BATPAC, founded in 2007, calls itself a progressive coalition for Austin.
Date: June 18, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: economy
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: Austin’s cost of living has consistently run ahead of most of the state’s other big cities, but Austin wasn’t No. 1 in the latest three-month period or 2010. This statement includes another troubling facet. It’s illogical to pin the relative cost of living on a one-term council member. In this instance, it would make just as much sense to say Shade personally drove down the cost of living. We rate the statement .
Statement: U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez tweeted that Instagram needs to "TERMINATE…a right-wing media page posting CONSERVATIVE content.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 30, 2023
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: He is lying! We are not corrupt #Kamala2024." This tweet also doesn’t appear on Harris’ Twitter account, nor in PolitWoops , a ProPublica database that tracked the deleted tweets of public officials. (Politwoops isn’t currently working — the last tracked deleted tweet is from November — so we couldn’t search for the alleged Ocasio-Cortez tweet.)   We rate claims that Ocasio-Cortez tweeted this call to action to Instagram .
Statement: The Biden administration is engaging in human trafficking because they are enabling this to happen" at the southern border.
Speaker: katie pavlich
About the speaker: Katie Pavlich is a conservative journalist for Townhall.com and a Fox News contributor.
Date: April 1, 2021
Topics: immigration;crime;pundits;punditfact
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Pavlich said, "The Biden administration is engaging in human trafficking because they are enabling this to happen." The Biden administration is not engaged in human trafficking, and experts rejected the idea that its policies for handling unaccompanied migrant children are enabling it to take place. Experts said Pavlich was confusing human trafficking — a practice that has a specific definition centered around exploitation — with migrant smuggling, which involves initial consent and crossing an international border.  The video Pavlich was responding to on "The Five" showed migrant smuggling, not trafficking. We rate this statement . For help related to a case of human trafficking, the National Human Trafficking Hotline is available at 1-888-373-7888 or by email at [email protected] . U.S. Immigrations and Customs Enforcement’s suspicious activity tip line is 1-866-DHS-2-ICE.
Statement: Says "Donald Trump and Mike Pence want to gamble with your retirement benefits in the stock market.
Speaker: harry reid
About the speaker: Harry Reid is a former U.S. senator from Nevada. He served as the Democratic minority leader in the U.S. Senate immediately prior to leaving office.
Date: July 27, 2016
Location: nevada
Topics: retirement;social security
Context: a speech at the DNC
Fact-check justification: Reid said Pence and Trump "want to gamble with your retirement benefits in the stock market." Pence may have a record of supporting Republican proposals to change Social Security to allow for more investment into private funds, but Trump has clearly and repeatedly said this campaign cycle he has no plans to modify Social Security or introduce elements similar to the Bush’s failed 2005 attempt to restructure the entitlement program. We rate this statement as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/0fffc816-07eb-429e-82a2-aa2c173824cf
Statement: We spent $3-million of your money to study the DNA of bears.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: August 16, 2008
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: Orange County, Calif
Fact-check justification: It also has resulted in doubling the previous population estimates. The new figures, when paired with the results of another study on population trends, may eventually lead to removing grizzlies from the endangered list. McCain's math is a little dated. And he clearly is suggesting "the study of bear DNA" is a frivolous use of federal money, but we won't argue the merits of the project. McCain claims $3-million in federal money has been used to study the DNA of bears, and that's .
Statement: For anybody who's trying to cross the street and has seen those signs that say you have to stop when pedestrians are in the crosswalk, that was a bill that I passed.
Speaker: rick kriseman
About the speaker: Rick Kriseman is a state representative representing parts of Pinellas County. He was first elected in 2006.
Date: August 6, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: states
Context: a mayoral forum
Fact-check justification: Kriseman said, "For anybody who's trying to cross the street and has seen those signs that say you have to stop when pedestrians are in the crosswalk, that was a bill that I passed." Kriseman’s name wasn’t on 2008 legislation meant to aid pedestrians, but the Senate sponsor who got credit said it was Kriseman’s idea and that he simply needed a Republican to help get it through the legislative process. We rate Kriseman’s  .