chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Patrick Murphy "switched his vote on All Aboard Florida ... because his father tried to get in a bid to build it and was unsuccessful.
Speaker: alan grayson
About the speaker: Alan Grayson was initially elected to Congress in 2008, then defeated for re-election in 2010. He was elected again to Congress from a different district in 2012. He lost the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate in Florida in 2016.
Date: May 15, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: congress;transportation
Context: an interview with CBS4
Fact-check justification: Grayson says Murphy "switched his vote on All Aboard Florida ... because his father tried to get in a bid to build it and was unsuccessful." There is one kernel of  here: Murphy did switch his position on the rail project. But he did not switch his votes, which were consistently against funding for it. Murphy said he switched his vote because of community blowback to the rail project, and not as a result of his father’s business dealings. The onus is on Grayson to prove that Murphy flip-flopped because his father didn’t get a contract out of it, and he did not prove his case. The entities involved are private, which makes primary documents hard to obtain. Coastal Construction’s vice chairman said the company had preliminary talks with the private rail project but did not file a bid. We rate this  .
Statement: Damage by protesters to the Wisconsin state Capitol will cost $7.5 million to repair.
Speaker: mike huebsch
About the speaker: Mike Huebsch is a member of the Wisconsin Public Service Commission. He is a former secretary of Wisconsin's Department of Administration and former Republican member of the state Assembly, representing West Salem.
Date: March 3, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: a statement made by a staffer during a court hearing
Fact-check justification: The new estimate: $347,500, some 20 times less than the original one. And there are indications that even that could be high. This smells like an effort to pour gas on the anti-protester fire. The  was  high. And that gets a  rating.
Statement: Hillary Clinton indicted.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 7, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Rather, it shows three video clips. In the first, from August 2016, Paul said about Clinton "I think an indictment would be a good idea, followed by a prison sentence." The second, also from August 2016, shows Paul on Fox News reiterating that sentiment and criticizing the FBI’s decision to not recommend charges against Clinton for using a private email system when she was leading the State Department. The third clip doesn’t even feature Paul, but shows Rep. Jim Jordan, R-Ohio, also discussing Clinton’s emails.   We rate this  !
Statement: Says Bill White "didn't pay taxes while earning $133,600 annual salary as deputy secretary of energy.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: September 7, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: transparency;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Why? His business losses later that year largely offset the income taxes he had already paid through withholding, he said, leaving him with no taxable income in 1995. Is that the same as White paying no taxes that year while he did his federal job, as Perry says? We think not. We rate the statement .
Statement: The 2020 election "was stolen from Donald J. Trump.
Speaker: josh mandel
About the speaker: Josh Mandel, a Republican from Lyndhurst, is a Marine veteran who served two tours in Iraq. He served as Ohio treasurer from 2011 to 2019.  Before that, he was a state representative from the 17th Ohio House District. He unsuccessfully challenged Democratic incumbent Sherrod Brown in the 2012 US Senate race. Mandel is running for the GOP nomination for an Ohio U.S. Senate seat in 2022.
Date: February 25, 2022
Location: national
Topics: ohio;elections
Context: Florida
Fact-check justification: Mandel said that the 2020 election was stolen from Trump. Multiple investigations in six key states that Trump lost uncovered scant cases of fraud, and nothing on the scale needed to have changed the outcome. We rate this  ! RELATED: Republicans facing off in 2022 GOP primaries are running ads claiming the 2020 election was stolen
Statement: Say Charleston church shooter Dylann Roof was raped and beaten in prison.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 19, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a blog
Fact-check justification: Bloggers said Charleston church shooter Dylann Roof was raped and beaten in prison. There are a number of factual errors with this story. Roof has not been housed in Charleston — where the purported assault happened — since April 2017. The item also misstates the number of parishoners Roof killed. Despite being previously debunked, this hoax continues to persist. We rate this .
Statement: A sign in Dearborn, Mich., for the Advancement of Islamic Agenda for America says, "Allah be praised. America we will kill you all and nothing you can do to stop it.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 20, 2014
Location: national
Topics: religion;terrorism
Context: a meme on social media
Fact-check justification: The meme claims that a sign in Dearborn, Mich., purportedly hung by a group called the Advancement of Islamic Agenda for America says, "Allah be praised. America we will kill you all and nothing you can do to stop it." However, nothing about this sign is . It doesn’t exist; it was created using a freely available web tool. We rate it .
Statement: Democratic U.S. House candidate Julie Lassa pushed for a "Canadian-style government takeover of health care.
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: October 9, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign TV ad
Fact-check justification: Hardly. The differences are many: Who pays, how the plan is funded, insurance choices for consumers. Broad strokes are often used in political attacks, and in some cases those making them paint outside the lines. In this case, the lines got painted over. We rate the  .
Statement: According to a recent poll, "there are more young Republicans enrolled in their parents' (health insurance) plans than young Democrats.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: September 4, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Little Rock, Ark
Fact-check justification: Clinton said "there are more young Republicans enrolled in their parents' (health insurance) plans than young Democrats." Polling data from the Commonwealth Fund supports the . We rate the statement .
Statement: As a result of the massive decline in natural gas prices, we're saving 11,000 lives per year in the U.S.
Speaker: gary palmer
About the speaker: Rep Gary Palmer, R-Ala., is chair of the House Republican Policy Committee.
Date: September 13, 2021
Location: national
Topics: climate change;energy
Context: remarks during a House hearing
Fact-check justification: Palmer said, "As a result of the massive decline in natural gas prices, we’re saving 11,000 lives per year in the U.S."  That  fairly represents a study’s findings. But the study looked narrowly at wintertime mortality related to prices, without taking into account other implications of increased natural gas use, such as air pollution. Public health researchers warned that variation in seasonal flu and other factors make it difficult to draw clear links between cold and mortality. Meanwhile, other research finds that warmer temperatures due to climate change cause 12,000 premature deaths a year. Palmer’s  is partly accurate, but takes a narrow view of the implications of Biden’s policies for combating climate change and leaves out important context about research on the connection between temperatures and mortality. We rate this  .
Statement: Says his "Act 10 reforms" have "saved the taxpayers some $3 billion.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: July 21, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city government;county government;health care;pensions;state budget;taxes
Context: a news article
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker says his "Act 10 reforms" have "saved the taxpayers some $3 billion." Requiring most state and local government employees to contribute more to their pensions has saved public employers more than $3 billion, including $2.35 billion in pension costs, and there are more savings that haven’t fully been tallied. Those costs haven’t simply been eliminated, however. They’ve been taken on by public employees, who are also taxpayers. We rate the statement .
Statement: The so-called doc fix in the fiscal cliff deal will cut payments "for treating illnesses disproportionately impacting minorities, including end stage renal disease and diabetes.
Speaker: marcia fudge
About the speaker: Rep. Marcia Fudge, a Democrat from Warrensville Heights, is the congresswoman from Ohio's 11th district. Prior to her election to the House of Representatives, she was mayor of Warrensville Heights.
 
Date: January 1, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: federal budget;health care;medicaid;medicare
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: But she suggested that harm will result, saying that cuts will be made to programs that treat diseases disproportionately affecting minorities, including end stage renal disease and diabetes." The impact is unsettled for now. The GAO and inspector general have called out some of these programs for waste or unnecessary spending. Yet Fudge is in good company -- namely, the American medical community, although like any constituency, it too has its interests to protect. Because her  requires this additional information to fully understand, we rate it .
Statement: Says "one in four women and one in seven men have been victims of domestic violence in their lifetime.
Speaker: suzanne bonamici
About the speaker: Suzanne Bonamici is a member of the Oregon Senate. She is also the Democratic nominee to represent the state's 1st congressional district.
Date: May 16, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: crime;women
Context: a House floor debate
Fact-check justification: On page 2 of the CDC report’s executive summary is this sentence: "About 1 in 4 women (24.3%) and 1 in 7 men (13.8%) have experienced severe physical violence by an intimate partner (e.g., hit with a fist or something hard, beaten, slammed against something) at some point in their lifetime." The numbers are repeated on page 43 of the 124-page report. Sprinkled throughout the report are detailed analyses of each segment of the . While the broader study includes behavior that many people would not normally associate with domestic abuse, Bonamici’s statistics refer directly to "severe physical violence," acts that include rape and assault and violent behavior that easily falls within the common understanding of domestic abuse. We rate this  .
Statement: Another great endorsement! Barrow Journal explains the difference between me and Jody Hice.
Speaker: mike collins
About the speaker: Mike Collins co-owns Collins Industries, a trucking company. His father, Mac, served six terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. Collins is running as a Republican for Georgia's 10th Congressional District.
Date: June 23, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: elections
Context: a Twitter post
Fact-check justification: Whether the support was from specific figures such as Donald Trump, community leaders or, you guessed it, newspapers, the majority of the 1,000-person sample said endorsements did little to help and could even hurt a candidate. With all of that in mind, it appears Collins did refer to an endorsement and link to a newspaper column. But he did not  a specific endorsement – which needs some explaining to understand. It’s that additional information that moves it down a bit on the AJC -O-Meter. We rate Collins’ statement .
Statement: Raphael Warnock and Catherine Cortez Masto "voted to allow hundreds of millions of dollars of COVID relief funds to be squandered" on leisure projects.
Speaker: one nation
About the speaker: One Nation is a nonprofit that shares resources with the Senate Leadership Fund, the super PAC of Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky.
Date: July 16, 2022
Location: georgia
Topics: nevada;federal budget;ad watch;coronavirus
Context: ads
Fact-check justification: One Nation PAC claimed that Warnock and Cortez Masto "voted to allow hundreds of millions of dollars of COVID relief funds to be squandered" on leisure projects.  Both senators voted for the American Rescue Plan, a $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief bill that gave $350 billion to state and local governments, but did not earmark the $350 billion for particular projects. One state and two counties approved spending the funds for hotel, soccer and ski projects as part of efforts to revive tourism. We rate the  . RELATED: Fact-checking ads in the 2022 campaigns RELATED: Georgia fact-checks RELATED: Nevada fact-checks
Statement: COVID-19 is targeted to attack Caucasians and Black people. The people who are most immune are Ashkenazi Jews and Chinese.
Speaker: robert f. kennedy, jr.
About the speaker: Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., is running for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2024. Kennedy has worked as an environmental lawyer, author and anti-vaccine activist. 
Date: July 11, 2023
Location: national
Topics: race and ethnicity;public health;coronavirus
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Kennedy claimed that COVID-19 "is targeted to attack Caucasians and Black people," while sparing Ashkenazi Jews and Chinese people. There is no  that the virus attacks Caucasian or Black people while sparing Jewish and Chinese people because of their genetics, public health experts said.  They added that most disparities in COVID-19 infection and mortality, as well as for other health problems, result from severe social, economic and health inequities. Scientists and U.S. intelligence agencies have repeatedly rejected the  that COVID-19 was created as a bioweapon.  Kennedy’s  is !
Statement: One industry in America has increased its employment base in the last four years by 176,000 people: the United States government.
Speaker: johnny isakson
About the speaker: Johnny Isakson, a Republican, is a U.S. senator from Georgia
Date: October 12, 2012
Location: georgia
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: The increase was 178,857, which is slightly more than what Isakson cited in his speech in Cobb County. The biggest increases during this time period were in the Defense, Veterans Affairs and Homeland Security departments. To sum up, Isakson said the federal workforce has increased by about 176,000 between September 2008 and June 2012. His  is accurate if you examine full-time workers and include those working for Uncle Sam on a part-time or seasonal basis. Our rating: .
Statement: The National Institutes of Health "states that regular marijuana use can reduce IQ by 8 points.
Speaker: david rouzer
About the speaker: David Rouzer represents North Carolina's 7th Congressional district.
Date: December 3, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: drugs;marijuana
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Rouzer said the "NIH states that regular marijuana use can reduce IQ by 8 points." The NIH itself has not actually established a link between marijuana use and loss of IQ points — and it says so explicitly in the report Rouzer cited.  Rouzer cherry-picked a stat in a study from another country. He then mischaracterized it as the NIH’s findings and tweeted it without proper context, failing to note that it applied only to people who started marijuana use in their adolescence. His tweet contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Maricopa County intentionally reduced the polling places.
Speaker: charlie kirk
About the speaker: Charlie Kirk is the founder and president of Turning Point USA, a conservative group that advocates for limited government and free markets.
Date: November 8, 2022
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;elections;arizona
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Maricopa County’s 2022 elections plan called for up to 225 voting centers by Election Day.    RELATED: No, Maricopa vote tabulators didn’t lead to ballots with ‘no chain of custody’ RELATED: Tucker Carlson  about people not being able to vote in Arizona's Maricopa County RELATED: All of our fact-checks about Arizona
Statement: The student debt that is out there, almost 60% of it is graduate school debt.
Speaker: ron desantis
About the speaker: Ron DeSantis announced on May 24, 2023 that he is running for president in the Republican primary. DeSantis won the race for Florida governor in 2018 and 2022. DeSantis was first elected to Congress in 2012 and resigned in September 2018 to focus on his campaign. He represented Florida's 6th Congressional District which is south of St. Augustine and north of Orlando and includes Daytona Beach. DeSantis initially ran for U.S. Senate in 2016 but dropped out after Marco Rubio decided to seek re-election.
Date: April 29, 2022
Location: national
Topics: debt;education;florida
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: He’s got it backward. About 60% of the outstanding student loan debt came from undergraduate school, according to a 2017 analysis from the Congressional Budget Office. On average, graduate students borrow more money than their undergraduate counterparts, but more people pursue undergraduate degrees. DeSantis’ statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: A measure to repeal the state's prevailing wage law would "make it easier for state contractors to hire illegal workers for Wisconsin construction jobs" through an "illegal worker loophole in the state budget.
Speaker: protect american jobs
About the speaker: Protect American Jobs is a 501(c)4 group that has aired television ads opposing a repeal of Wisconsin's prevailing wage law.
Date: May 5, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Our rating A television ad from a group against repeal of the state’s prevailing wage law says such a measure would "make it easier for state contractors to hire illegal workers for Wisconsin construction jobs." This "illegal worker loophole," it says, is in the state budget. But the bill doesn’t have any direct impact on immigration laws and the group’s own references to potential problems -- down the road -- describe workers who would be here legally, not illegally. It also fails on the basic  of the stand-alone measure being in the state budget. We rate the  .
Statement: I led the fight to require the Coast Guard to buy their engines from us, not foreign companies.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: July 30, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;jobs;message machine 2012;military
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Our rating Baldwin said: "I led the fight to require the Coast Guard to buy their engines from us, not foreign companies." Although there isn’t  of much of a fight, her statement contains an element of  in that she introduced three amendments aimed at benefiting a Wisconsin manufacturer. But the ad is  in suggesting that her fight was successful, when none of the measures she introduced became law. What’s more, it suggests it was part of a broader "Buy American" push, not measures aimed at helping a company in her district. We rate Baldwin’s statement .
Statement: Says President Joe Biden promoted "mandatory vaccines for everybody" in his March 11 address.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 11, 2021
Topics: public health;pundits;facebook fact-checks;punditfact;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook video
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said Biden promoted "mandatory vaccines for everybody" in his March 11 address. That’s . In his address, Biden said the White House would direct state, local and tribal governments to make all American adults eligible to sign up for a COVID-19 vaccine by May 1. He urged Americans to get the vaccines, but he did not make them mandatory. Biden previously said he would not institute a federal vaccine requirement. In any case, the federal government’s authority to do so is limited. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Obama, Biden and their liberal allies oppose clean coal.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: October 1, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Carbon capture and storage technologies hold enormous potential to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions as we power our economy with domestically produced and secure energy... Barack Obama and Joe Biden will instruct DOE (the Department of Energy) to enter into public private partnerships to develop “first-of-a-kind” commercial scale coal-fired plants with carbon capture and sequestration." So no, Obama and his "liberal allies" do not oppose clean coal. Nor does Biden, unless you interpret comments he made off the cuff on a rope line overly broadly, and give them more credence than the energy plan he developed during his presidential campaign. We find McCain's  to be .
Statement: Says six eradicated diseases such as whooping cough and the bubonic plague are making a comeback "thanks to refugees and illegal immigrants.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 5, 2019
Topics: immigration;public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral social media post claims that six eradicated diseases are making a comeback due to "refugees and illegal immigrants." First, global health leaders have only ever declared one human disease has been declared eradicated, not six. And there is no  to back up the suggestion that refugees and undocumented immigrants are to blame for any disease making a comeback. We rate this infectious post .