chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: By any measure, New Jersey has one of the most segregated school systems in the country.
Speaker: david sciarra
About the speaker: David Sciarra is executive director of the New Jersey Education Law Center
Date: May 19, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: education
Context: a Star-Ledger column
Fact-check justification: Sciarra and several other experts say the state’s school system is among the most segregated in the nation, primarily because of a history of housing patterns and other demographic factors. Data from a 2004 report on segregation, as well as 2009-10 statistics from the National Center for Education Statistics shows that New Jersey is in the top 10 of states for having segregated schools. Sciarra said New Jersey typically ranks in the top five for being the most segregated, but our research puts New Jersey more in the top 10. For those reasons, we rate this  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Under Gov. Scott Walker's proposals, "Money is being taken away from workers, and the tax breaks given to major corporations. 
Speaker: progressive change campaign committee
About the speaker: The Progressive Change Campaign Committee is a liberal political action committee.
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: national
Topics: corporations;message machine 2010;state budget;workers;taxes
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Money is indeed being taken away from workers who will see lower overall compensation, and particularly smaller paychecks. Also, companies that employ significant numbers of workers are getting tax breaks. But the tax breaks signed into law so far are linked to job creation, not simply whether the company is a major corporation or not. Tax breaks are being given to business in the midst of a budget crisis, though. So we rate this statement .
Statement: Says Greta Thunberg said, "the climate crisis doesn't exist.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 21, 2021
Location: national
Topics: climate change;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram user edited an interview to make it seem that Thunberg said that "the climate crisis doesn’t exist." In reality, Thunberg emphasized the need for leaders to tell voters that climate change is a real crisis. She explained why people would not press for change if they thought climate change didn’t exist. That’s the complete opposite of what the post claimed. We rate this post .
Statement: Says the Republican tax plan "helps families" like one in which a woman lost her job and then lost her life savings fighting her husband's cancer.
Speaker: american action network
About the speaker: The American Action Network is a conservative, nonprofit advocacy organization. Its leadership includes Republican former officials.
Date: November 7, 2017
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The American Action Network ad said the Republican tax plan "helps families" like one in which a woman lost her job and then lost her life savings fighting her husband’s cancer. There’s a good chance that, if you ignore their medical situation, a family of four like the Srokas would have come out ahead under the Republican tax bill. However, it’s conceivable that the expenses they incurred fighting the cancer diagnosis could have enabled them to reduce their taxes even more -- an option that the House bill would take away. That would not be a factor in the Senate version of the bill, however. On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: I have spent virtually every weekend since Memorial Day in the Panhandle.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: July 1, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: oil spill
Context: a speech at the Florida Association of Counties conference
Fact-check justification: But we think that's at least 10 news conferences, 19 briefings, 8 beach tours, 4 aerial tours, 5 national networks, and gobs of quality time with Buffett, Obama, Cousteau and Geraldo -- all since Memorial Day. To break it down another way, Crist's Panhandle visits come to six weekend days and eight weekdays. He spent another eight days on oil-related meetings and events. That's more days than many people get to spend with their mother each year. In times like this, we wish the -O-Meter had a "Duh" option in its ruling categories, but we will just settle for .
Statement: The most private question on this year's form asks for an individual's race, and that question has been asked by every census since the 1790 census conducted under then-President George Washington.
Speaker: patrick mchenry
About the speaker: Patrick McHenry is a U.S. representative from North Carolina.
Date: April 1, 2010
Location: national
Topics: census
Context: an op ed article
Fact-check justification: This is a very different conception from our modern idea of race.  Post Civil War, the terminology changed (from "color" to "race," for example) and the categories expanded over time.  Certainly these are different standards when compared to today's measures.  But again, one could argue that the questions comported with attitudes about race at those times, and the census has always asked descriptive questions that corrolate to race.  So we rule McHenry's  .
Statement: Says Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker's budget "calls for raising property taxes by nearly $500 billion.
Speaker: pat quinn
About the speaker: Pat Quinn, a Democrat, is the governor of Illinois.
Date: April 17, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: an email to campaign supporters
Fact-check justification: That estimate held until the April 16, 2012 report -- and it seems likely Quinn’s email was prepared before Walker’s announcement changed the game. But he didn’t correct the million/billion typo in a timely way, and is still using the equally  $500 million . We think that’s . And that makes this a ! (You can comment on this item on the Journal Sentinel's web page )
Statement: 80% of the people" want the option of vote by mail
Speaker: amy klobuchar
About the speaker: Amy Klobuchar is a senator from Minnesota. Klobuchar was elected as senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Klobuchar received a bachelor’s degree in political science from Yale University and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School. In 2019, she announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 2, 2020.
Date: May 16, 2020
Topics: elections;coronavirus
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Klobuchar said "80% of the people" want the option of voting by mail. Klobuchar was citing a poll done by the Brennan Center in late March which found 78% of respondents agreed that all states should be required to allow voting by mail to ensure people can vote with ease and while avoiding lines and crowds.  Klobuchar has cherry-picked a poll by a liberal group that framed the question in a way that portrayed voting by mail as positive, and resulted in higher support than many other national polls. The other national polls showed support between 58% and 72% for voting by mail. We rate this statement .
Statement: Swaziland has the highest rate of HIV infection in the world.
Speaker: david beckham
About the speaker: David Beckham is former soccer star and UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.
Date: June 10, 2016
Topics: global news service;public health
Context: a UNICEF video
Fact-check justification: Beckham said that Swaziland has the highest rate of HIV in the world. Official numbers back that up. Whether you look at how many people are infected with HIV at any moment, or how many new infections emerge in a year, Swaziland is worse off than any other nation. We rate this  .
Statement: In head-to-head polls for the general election, "I beat Hillary Clinton by more than anybody, by 11 points.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: March 3, 2016
Location: national
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: Detroit
Fact-check justification: Kasich said that in head-to-head polls for the general election, "I beat Hillary Clinton by more than anybody, by 11 points." The RealClearPolitics average of recent polls shows Kasich faring better against Clinton than Rubio, Cruz or Trump. But focusing on the 11-point margin in his best poll is a bit of cherry picking. The statement is accurate but needs additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: Video shows "Russian soldiers using weapons that have been in a cupboard since Soviet times.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 13, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A video claimed to show Russian soldiers fleeing for safety after failing to fire a rocket-propelled grenade. One expert told us the soldiers in the video don’t appear to be Russian, based on their uniforms and lack of armbands. The uniforms do not seem to match ones in photos we found of Russian soldiers. The uniforms appear to match those worn by the military in Kenya, based on images and a longer version of the video found on YouTube. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Massachusetts has three state-mandated student tests and Finland just one.
Speaker: thomas ratliff
About the speaker: Thomas Ratliff, initially elected to the State Board of Education in 2010, was re-elected in 2012.
Date: December 10, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;education;states
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Ratliff wrote that Massachusetts has three mandated student tests and Finland one. Both claims reflect the exams that students in Massachusetts and Finland have to take to qualify for high school graduation. But students on the academic track in Finland must take at least four separate tests. Also, given that Ratliff’s article does not say he’s speaking only to tests administered in high school, it’s worth noting that Massachusetts, like Texas, requires students starting in third grade to take state tests. This  grades out as . CLARIFICATION, 10:00 a.m., Dec. 19, 2012 : We amended this article to point out that Finnish students who focus on vocational courses at the secondary level do not have to take a government-mandated exam to graduate. This wrinkle, brought to our attention by a reader, did not change our -O-Meter rating.
Statement: Mehmet Oz is "pro-abortion.
Speaker: dave mccormick
About the speaker: Dave McCormick, the former chief executive of the Bridgewater Associates hedge fund and a former U.S. Treasury Department official, is a candidate for the 2022 Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate from Pennsylvania.
Date: May 4, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: abortion;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: McCormick said Oz is "pro-abortion." Before his Senate race, Oz was more open to abortion access. He spoke against restrictive abortions laws, citing his hospital experience, though he said he personally opposed abortion. As a candidate, Oz describes himself as "pro-life" and supports overturning Roe v. Wade. But he supports allowing abortions in cases such as rape and incest. McCormick’s ad misleads voters about the positions Oz said he would hold as an elected leader. We rate the statement . RELATED: The race for the Pennsylvania U.S. Senate seat: A guide RELATED: Fact-checks in the Pennsylvania U.S. Senate race RELATED: Fact-checking 5 claims in the leaked Supreme Court draft opinion on Roe v. Wade RELATED: Why polling about abortion hides the  complexity of what Americans think
Statement: Says the health care reform bill was paid for, in part, by taking money from students and the student loan system.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: April 28, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: education;health care
Context: a conference call with reporters
Fact-check justification: It actually expanded the amount of money available for student aid. What it reduced is the banks’ share. "The money that was saved wasn't money that was going into education -- it was money that was subsidizing private banks," Sessions, of the education committee, said in an email. "Period." On the -O-Meter, Portman’s  rates .
Statement: Symbols on Huggies diapers are coded references to pedophilia.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 16, 2023
Topics: children;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: For years, QAnon conspiracy theorists, who believe a cabal of Satan-worshiping pedophiles runs the world, have pushed the  that certain symbols are coded references to pedophilia. This  is related to the debunked Pizzagate conspiracy theory , which began to spread during the 2016 presidential election, when WikiLeaks published emails from John Podesta, Hillary Clinton's campaign chair. Its believers claimed the Comet Ping Pong pizzeria in Washington, D.C., was holding children hostage as part of a trafficking ring involving Clinton. It also held that designs and logos used by businesses near Comet Ping Pong resembled pedophile symbols flagged by the FBI. We rate the  that symbols on Huggies diapers are coded references to pedophilia !
Statement: The health care bills will be "mandated spending. You can't cut it, regardless of the budget circumstances.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: November 10, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;pundits
Context: his radio show
Fact-check justification: So while it would be hard to take away mandatory health insurance assistance to lower-income Americans, it's not  to say, as Limbaugh did, that "you can't cut it, regardless of the budget circumstances." If Congress and the president have the will, there will be a way. So Limbaugh is right that the most important spending streams in the House and Senate bills are mandatory. But he's not correct that Congress is powerless to do anything about them. We rate his statement .
Statement: Neighborhoods have become more violent" under President Barack Obama's "watch.
Speaker: darryl glenn 
About the speaker: Darryl Glenn is the Republican candidate for U.S. Senate in Colorado. He is also an El Paso County Commissioner.
Date: July 18, 2016
Location: colorado
Topics: crime
Context: a speech at the Republican convention
Fact-check justification: Glenn said, "Neighborhoods have become more violent under your watch," referring to President Obama. Overall, violent crime trends have been falling almost continuously for roughly a quarter-century. Glenn has a point that violent crime has increased in some neighborhoods. The 2015 murder rate rose by 13.2 percent in the nation's 30 largest cities -- with three cities accounting for more than half of the national increase in murders.  One expert said it was "" for Glenn to  violent neighborhood crime has increased during Obama's "watch," because violent crime overall has declined during his eight years as president. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/719b61b9-f913-4163-b3dc-c29d123ef4cb
Statement: A new Rasmussen poll shows people "oppose (Sotomayor's) confirmation. Only 37 percent support it.
Speaker: jon kyl
About the speaker: Jon Kyl represented Arizona in the U.S. Senate from January 3,1995 to January 3, 2013. He served as the Republican party whip from 2007 to 2013. Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey appointed Kyl to succeed Sen. John McCain, who died while in office Aug. 25, 2018.
Date: July 12, 2009
Location: national
Topics: sotomayor nomination;supreme court
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Kyl specifically cited the Rasmussen poll, though, and he got the number who favored confirmation right. But his comment leaves the impression that a solid majority opposes Sotomayor's nomination. Sotomayor fans could use the same data to say that "only" 39 percent oppose her nomination. In fact, the polling data reads more like a tie, with a significant percentage of people not having a firm opinion. We rate Kyl's statement .
Statement: Says new Medicare billing guidelines "have nine codes for (injuries by) turkeys.
Speaker: ted poe
About the speaker: Ted Poe, of Humble, was initially elected to the U.S. House in 2004. He'a a former judge.
Date: April 25, 2013
Location: national
Topics: animals;health care;government regulation;medicaid;medicare;regulation
Context: an interview on Fox Business Network
Fact-check justification: Poe said doctors face a new regulatory burden, requiring them to use a system that includes nine different codes for turkey injuries. His office pointed us to the new codes, which will be required for Medicare claims by October 2014. Indeed, if your Thanksgiving tradition takes a tragic turn that year, your doctor will be able to describe it in seven-digit detail. (We hope it’s just W61.42XA and not W61.43XS.) We rate his  .
Statement: Saudi Arabia to Behead 6 School Girls for Being With Their Male Friends Without Parents or a Guardian
Speaker: religionmind.com
About the speaker: Religionmind.com posts fake news about various religions.
Date: October 23, 2017
Topics: fake news;religion;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: "Gender mixing in Saudi Arabia can lead to criminal penalties but never the death penalty," he said. So far in 2017 there have been 133 executions in Saudi Arabia, nearly all for murder or drug smuggling. "In terms of executions of children, unfortunately Saudi Arabia is one of the only countries in the world that continues to sentence child offenders to death, and some have eventually been executed, but I’ve never seen an execution of anyone who is under 18 at the time of the execution," he said. In the case of this headline, there is no  that these girls were beheaded for being with their male friends. We rate this .
Statement: Just last year," Miami-Dade Public Schools "had over 14,000 new children, 10,000 of which came from four countries of Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela and Haiti.
Speaker: francis suarez
About the speaker: Republican Francis Suarez is the 43rd Mayor of Miami.
Date: May 21, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: immigration;education
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Those numbers appeared to have come from 2022-23 data shared in January by the district’s superintendent. And the figures have since grown. Updated numbers for the 2022-23 school year through May 9 show the number of immigrant students from those four countries is now closer to 14,000. And out of all 30,000 newly enrolled students, 20,000 are immigrant students. We rate this  .
Statement: The new Atlanta Braves stadium will require no tax increase for homeowners and provide $3 million annually for Cobb County schools.
Speaker: revitalize cobb
About the speaker: Revitalize Cobb is a nonprofit group that supports the Atlanta Braves moving to Cobb County.
Date: November 22, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: sports;taxes
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: The projected $3 million increase for schools is difficult to predict and depends on many factors all lining up. The tax increase angle is more clear-cut. A homeowner’s overall 2019 property tax rate may be the same as it is now. But a reasonable person may consider the Braves deal a tax increase over the amount he or she would have paid if the team had stayed in downtown Atlanta. By PolitiFact’s definition, this amounts to a .
Statement: Obama "says he'll raise taxes on electricity.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 30, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Obama's proposals don't say anything about a tax on electricity. Is Obama open to the idea of taxing dirty energy? Arguably yes. But that's some distance from saying he wants to tax electricity. We find the statement .
Statement: The Republican who was just elected governor of the great state of Florida paid his campaign staffers, not with money, but with American Express gift cards.
Speaker: rachel maddow
About the speaker: Rachel Maddow is the host of MSNBC’s “The Rachel Maddow Show”. She formerly hosted a radio program of the same name on the defunct Air America network.
Date: November 10, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance;elections;pundits
Context: comments on her MSNBC show
Fact-check justification: First, we think many people might think Maddow was referring to all campaign workers, but traditional campaign staffers -- the people working day in and day out on the campaign -- were paid by check, like any normal job. A Republican Party official said it was simply an easier, more efficient and quicker way to pay people.   And second, it's not that unusual. In 2008, Obama did the same thing. Playing it up in Scott's case takes it out of context, so we rate this  .
Statement: The top 1/10th of 1 percent today in America owns almost as much wealth as the bottom 90 percent.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: September 14, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;income;retirement;social security;wealth
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Sanders said the top 0.1 percent of Americans have nearly as much wealth as the bottom 90 percent. His  accurately echoes findings in a study by two internationally known economists, and their work has been widely cited as authoritative.  But it needs a clarification: Some economists say the study underestimates middle-class wealth by excluding Social Security benefits and not fully considering certain tax laws. With that qualification in mind, we rate Sanders’ statement .