chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Omicron is "the fastest-spreading virus known to humankind.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 5, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Each person who has measles can infect 12 to 18 other people, in a population not protected by vaccines and other preventative measures, according to the CDC.   But the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is a close second. Estimates put it at 1.5 to 2 times more transmissible than the delta variant, which saw each sick person infecting between five and seven others. So each person who contracts the omicron variant can infect between 7 and 14 people in an unvaccinated, unprotected population. We rate this  .
Statement: The Obama White House recognizes a "baby that has not been born" for security purposes.
Speaker: national right to life committee
About the speaker: The National Right to Life Committee is an advocacy group that seeks to reduce abortions and end the right to legal abortion.
Date: May 8, 2012
Location: national
Topics: abortion
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The National Right to Life Committee said that the White House recognizes a "baby that has not been born" for security purposes. It collects that information, but not for the reasons Right to Life suggests. The White House policy does not confer personhood status on fetuses, and it doesn’t count them if their mothers take a tour while pregnant. The policy helps pinpoint the headcount for future tours. The statement is .
Statement: A member of the redistricting commission proposed in Issue 2 "could accept a bribe from somebody" and "couldn't be removed from this commission.
Speaker: jon husted
About the speaker: Jon Husted is running as Mike DeWine's running mate for the 2018 Republican primary for governor. Husted was elected Ohio secretary of state in 2010. He previously was a state senator from Ohio's 6th district and served two terms as speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives.
Date: August 15, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: elections;legal issues;redistricting
Context: an interview with reporters
Fact-check justification: But that’s not what he said to reporters in his interview. And he went too far when he said a commission member could remain after accepting a bribe. Although there isn’t a removal process within the proposed amendment, others exist in state law. Husted’s statement is not accurate. That’s a  on the -O-Meter.
Statement: Overdoses in Virginia (are) up 35%.
Speaker: john mcguire
About the speaker: Del. John McGuire, R-Goochland County, was first elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 2017. He is a former Navy Seal and founded a physical training business.
In 2020, McGuire unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for Virginia's 7th District congressional seat. He faced criticism for attending the Jan.. 6, 2021 rally for President Donald Trump in Washington. McGuire, however, said he did not enter the U.S. Capitol during the uprising. 
Date: December 3, 2021
Location: virginia
Topics: drugs
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: He accurately relays CDC statistics that estimate state drug deaths rose by 35.5% from April 2020 to April 2021. The Virginia Department of Health, which uses a broader definition of overdose deaths than the CDC, says drug fatalities increased 51% from April 2020 to March 2021. But McGuire’s context - blaming Biden for the surge - is a reach. The CDC estimates overdoses rose 29% nationally and 42% in Virginia during Trump’s last year in office and continued to rise during the first months of Biden's adminstration. We rate McGuire’s  .
Statement: Since I took office in January 2011, we have created 11,100 Rhode Island-based jobs.
Speaker: lincoln chafee
About the speaker: Lincoln Chafee is running for the Democratic nomination for president in 2016. He served one four-year term as Rhode Island's governor, beginning on Jan. 4, 2011. He was the first Independent to be elected to that office. He subsequently became a Democrat. As a Republican, he served as mayor of Warwick from 1992 to 1999, when he was appointed to the U.S. Senate following the death of his father, Sen. John H. Chafee. He was elected to a full Senate term in 2000. He is married with three children. In April 2015 he formed an exploratory committee to consider running for President.
Date: January 15, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: his state of state speech
Fact-check justification: Governor Chafee said "we have created 11,100 Rhode Island-based jobs" since January 2011. The number of jobs added in that period is correct. But the gains came at the same time the national economy was improving. The Chafee administration provided no direct  that its actions led to any of those jobs. Because the statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context, we rate it  .
Statement: Says Mitt Romney flip-flopped on supporting "the president's Recovery Act.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: November 28, 2011
Location: national
Topics: message machine 2012;stimulus
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: In the CNN interview, Romney expressed support broadly for "economic stimulus" -- not for a specific measure known as "the president's Recovery Act." And even as he offered his support for the concept of stimulus, Romney articulated a pretty specific vision of the kind of bill he’d support. Some of this vision did ultimately overlap with what the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act offered -- tax relief for "middle-income families" and businesses, for instance, and investments in infrastructure and energy. But Romney’s two comments can be easily reconciled by arguing that the dollar amounts in the Obama stimulus bill -- or the ratios of various provisions in the bill -- went beyond what he was envisioning. We rate the DNC’s charge of flip-flopping .
Statement: Republican House candidate Marilinda Garcia "even opposes closing the loophole that allows dangerous criminals to get a gun without a background check.
Speaker: americans for responsible solutions
About the speaker: Americans for Responsible Solutions is a non-profit organization started by former U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, D-Ariz., and her husband, retired combat veteran and astronaut Mark Kelly, after Giffords was shot in 2011.
Date: September 16, 2014
Location: new hampshire
Topics: guns
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The ad claims that Garcia "even opposes closing the loophole that allows dangerous criminals to get a gun without a background check." Her comments on gun control, both past and present, are too vague to draw any real conclusion, but her vote to effectively water down a background-checks bill while serving in the state House does provide some support for the ad’s . On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: After World War II, we tried, convicted, and, in some cases, executed Japanese soldiers for war crimes that included charges of waterboarding.
Speaker: bobby scott
About the speaker: Bobby Scott, D-3rd, has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1993. The district is comprised of all of Charles City and Surry counties and Petersburg and Portsmouth and portions of Henrico and Prince George counties and Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk and Richmond. Scott has seats on the Judiciary and Education and Labor committees.
Scott previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1979-83 and in the state Senate in 1983-93. He was a member of the National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve. He was a lawyer in a private practice from 1973-91.
Scott was born in Washington, D.C. He earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., in 1969 and a law degree from Boston College in 1973.
Date: December 9, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: history;terrorism
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Scott said that after World War II, the U.S. tried, convicted, and in some cases executed Japanese soldiers for war crimes that included waterboarding. There’s little doubt that the U.S. tried and convicted Japanese soldiers for waterboarding. Six Japanese generals who allowed water torture were executed, although we note they faced a long list of additional charges. Scott qualified his statement to make clear he was referring to executed Japanese military members who faced a variety of war crime charges, including waterboarding, not that they were sentenced to death solely for that offense. We rate his statement .
Statement: Not a single unarmed white person has been shot by the police" in New York in about 45 years.
Speaker: fran lebowitz
About the speaker: Fran Lebowitz is a liberal writer who lives in New York City. 
Date: February 20, 2015
Topics: crime;public safety;punditfact
Context: a panel on "Real Time with Bill Maher"
Fact-check justification: Lebowitz said, "Not a single unarmed white person has been shot by the police" since she has lived in New York. This was a bear of fact-check to wrestle to the ground, in part because of the lack of cooperation from the New York Police Department, in part because we were looking at a time period that spanned about 45 years, and in part because it is clear that African-Americans and Hispanics were clearly shot at by New York police much more than whites. All that said, an analysis of police data show police shot dozens of unarmed white people during the early 1970s, the early side of Lebowitz’s life in New York City. While we wish we had complete data on police shootings by each victim’s race and armed status for the 1980s on, we don’t necessarily need it to judge Lebowitz’s particular statement. It is very accurate to say blacks are shot at more often by police than whites. But that is not what Lebowitz said. She said "not a single unarmed white person has been shot," and that is not . We rate her  . Note: This  was fact-checked as part of a reward to  our Kickstarter campaign  to live fact-check the 2015 State of the Union. Thanks to all who contributed.
Statement: Amazon will ship baby formula to U.S. addresses if you change your preferred country on its website from the U.S. to Canada.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 12, 2022
Topics: children;families;food;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: That’s not quite right; these posts ignore critical facts that leave desperate parents with a  impression.   Formula sold and shipped by Amazon, and formula sold by third-party sellers and shipped by Amazon, aren’t crossing the border to a U.S. address, no matter how you change your settings.   But there’s an element of  here: Third-party sellers who do their own shipping can send orders across the border. But that comes at a cost, and with some safety risks.   We rate these posts .
Statement: Mandela Barnes…wants to release 50% of the prison population when 68% is classified as 'violent offenders.'
Speaker: national republican senatorial committee
About the speaker: The National Republican Senatorial Committee helps elect Republicans to the U.S. Senate.
Date: September 9, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;legal issues
Context: News release
Fact-check justification: The National Republican Senatorial Committee claimed Barnes wants to release 50% of Wisconsin’s prison population, when 68% of inmates are considered "violent offenders."  Although Barnes has advocated for the "reduction" of the state’s prison population, he hasn’t endorsed the immediate "release" of 50% of inmates — and there is a key difference in those two words. Reducing the number of inmates would likely require years of policy changes, as opposed to just letting people out of prison, no matter their offense.  Meanwhile, the number of people who have been convicted of committing violent offenses is a large portion of the prison population — but largely because other offenses allow for shorter jail times.  We rate this statement as  — it’s partially accurate, but leaves out some important details or takes something out of context.
Statement: Over the past three years, 'deep poverty' has reached its highest level on record.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: March 3, 2014
Location: national
Topics: history;poverty
Context: a report issued by the House Budget Committee Republican staff
Fact-check justification: Ryan, through his committee’s report, said that over the past three years, the percentage of Americans living in "deep poverty" -- making less than 50 percent of the poverty line -- "has reached its highest level on record." The past three years -- 2010 to 2012 -- clearly produced the highest percentage since the statistic has been calculated in 1975. While it’s possible the rate was higher prior to 1975, we don’t have statistics to prove that, so there’s no data "on record." So we rate the  .
Statement: Says some Georgians can get health insurance for $105 a month.
Speaker: kathleen sebelius
About the speaker: Kathleen Sebelius, a Democrat, was the U.S. Health and Human Services secretary from April 2009 through June 2014. She served as Governor of Kansas from 2003 to 2009.
Date: March 11, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: Atlanta press conference
Fact-check justification: Some of these policies come with high deductibles that experts worry could discourage people from seeking medical attention. That’s something only time may tell. It’s also some context we believe is necessary to fully examine this . Sebelius’ statement is accurate but needs some context to be fully understood. We rate it .
Statement: In 2015, when Terry McAuliffe was governor, the Virginia Department of Education promoted incorporating critical race theory lens in education...They were trying to indoctrinate kids.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: November 8, 2021
Location: florida
Topics: children;corrections and updates;education;race and ethnicity;virginia
Context: a CNN interview
Fact-check justification: We rate Scott’s  .   CORRECTION, Dec. 16, 2021: A previous version of this fact-check incorrectly quoted Brenda Walker to say "a decade," not "decades." We have updated this check to reflect this correction. The change does not affect the rating.
Statement: Says federal regulations adopted in 2011 increased the cost of each vehicle for his business by $10,000.
Speaker: mike collins
About the speaker: Mike Collins co-owns Collins Industries, a trucking company. His father, Mac, served six terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. Collins is running as a Republican for Georgia's 10th Congressional District.
Date: August 1, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: environment;regulation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The anecdotal  we heard and the 2012 truck dealers report suggest Collins may be right about the higher costs. The statement, however, falls a bit shy of an absolute  ruling. It has to be viewed in the context of the overall fuel savings the new vehicles will accrue. That could be substantial and actually offset the higher costs in the long run. We rate this  as .
Statement: It now appears there actually was meaningful voter fraud in Fulton County, Georgia, last November. That is not a conspiracy theory. It's true.
Speaker: tucker carlson
About the speaker: Tucker Carlson was a Fox News pundit until his departure in April 2023.
Date: July 14, 2021
Location: georgia
Topics: elections;pundits;facebook fact-checks;punditfact
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Carlson said, "It now appears there actually was meaningful voter fraud in Fulton County, Georgia last November. That is not a conspiracy theory. It's ." To back his , the Fox News host rattled off several claims purporting to show signs of fraud. Each was ,  or unsubstantiated, PolitiFact found. Biden’s victory in Georgia was confirmed by two recounts. We rate Carlson’s  .
Statement: Every time Trump comes here to play golf, Florida taxpayers are paying for it. ... Jeff Greene will put a stop to that day 1.
Speaker: jeff greene
About the speaker: Jeff Greene, a wealthy businessman from Palm Beach, lost the Democratic primary for Florida governor in August 2018. He campaigned for the U.S. Senate and was defeated in the Democratic primary on Aug. 24, 2010.
Date: July 10, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: legal issues;sports;states
Context: TV ad
Fact-check justification: Greene said, "Every time Trump comes here to play golf, Florida taxpayers are paying for it. Millions wasted in road closures and overtime. Jeff Greene will put a stop to that day 1." Local law enforcement in Palm Beach County have spent millions on security when Trump visits, but they have submitted their costs for reimbursement, and will continue to do so. Greene cites a portion of the Florida Constitution about taxation that he says he would use to submit a bill to the federal government. He could certainly try that, but the legal experts we talked to said that’s not the purpose of that part of the Constitution. We rate this  .
Statement: Coffee is the second-most traded commodity after oil.
Speaker: starbucks
About the speaker: Seattle-based Starbucks is a coffee company.
Date: May 4, 2017
Topics: global news service;food;trade
Context: a Senate hearing
Fact-check justification: A Starbucks executive said coffee is the second-most traded commodity after oil. We examined it two ways, and the statement failed on both. The markets for several commodities including soybeans, wheat, aluminum, copper and iron ore are larger than the coffee market -- in some cases, four times larger. The statistic also falls short in terms of the commodity contracts traded by investors. Both the number of coffee contracts traded and the value of contracts are much lower than for many other commodities. This  has been challenged since 2000 by economists, journalists and voices in the coffee industry. But it still found its way into a congressional hearing despite being very, very . We rate it !
Statement: Obamacare granted "the protection against preexisting condition discrimination that extended to more than 150 million Americans, folks who get their health insurance through their employer.
Speaker: chris coons
About the speaker: Chris Coons is the junior U.S. senator from Delaware, having defeated Republican Christine O’Donnell for Vice President Biden’s old seat. He served formerly as the county executive of New Castle County, Delaware.
Date: May 14, 2019
Topics: health care;health check
Context: an interview on MSNBC's "Morning Joe."
Fact-check justification: In this statement, Coons suggested that that ACA provided pre-existing condition protections to the more than 150 million Americans who get their health coverage through their place of employment.   But that is not completely correct. Those were already in place through HIPAA, though expanded by the ACA. We rate Coons’ statement as .
Statement: Says Rick Scott's proposed budget "would lay off 20,000 teachers.
Speaker: rod smith
About the speaker: Rod Smith is a former state Senator from Alachua County. In 2006, he unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for governor. In 2010, he was his party's nominee for lieutenant governor. In 2011, he was elected chairman of the Florida Democratic Party.
Date: March 8, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a statement responding to Gov. Rick Scott's State of the State speech
Fact-check justification: In offering a counter to Scott's budget message of fiscal restraint, Smith says Scott wants to recklessly lay off 20,000 teachers. Scott is proposing major cuts to education funding. And even Scott's budget chief acknowledges layoffs will occur. But trying to estimate a number is tricky. Yes, you can divide the number of teachers and instructional staff by proposed per-pupil cuts to reach a figure, but that ignores the Florida Constitution, which requires small class sizes, and local school district decisions, in how they will spend their money. Also, Scott's proposal to make school district employees contribute to their retirement could dilute some of the cuts being pushed by Scott. That said, Scott's budget plan would strip a significant chunk of funding out of school districts, equivalent to the amount of around 20,000 teachers. Balancing it all, we rate Smith's  .
Statement: Seventy percent of the American public agree with" Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez "on having the top marginal (tax) rate for the rich" at 70 percent, and "that's a Fox News Poll saying that.
Speaker: michael moore
About the speaker: Michael Moore directed the movie "Capitalism: A Love Story" and is a well-known documentary filmmaker. His movies includes "Roger and Me," "Bowling for Columbine," "Fahrenheit 9/11," and "Sicko." He won the Academy Award for best documentary in 2002 with "Bowling for Columbine," and he was a nominee in 2007 for "Sicko." Michael Moore's Web site is www.MichaelMoore.com.
Date: February 1, 2019
Topics: polls and public opinion;taxes;punditfact
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Moore said, "Seventy percent of the American public agree with" Ocasio-Cortez "on having the top marginal (tax) rate for the rich" at 70 percent, and "that's a Fox News Poll saying that." A Fox News Poll found 70 percent of registered voters, not all Americans, support the general idea of raising income tax rates on families earning over $10 million. But we don’t know from the poll what percentage of Americans supports making the top tax rate 70 percent. So Moore got the details , but there is some support for his broader point about U.S. sentiments toward taxing wealthier Americans. We rate Moore’s statement .
Statement: The oil industry has "9,000 permits to drill now. They could be drilling right now, yesterday, last week, last year.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: March 8, 2022
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;energy;gas prices;foreign policy;russia
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Biden’s number is correct: There are 9,137 approved permits to drill on federal and Indian land, and the oil industry could use those permits and drill. However, once the permit is approved, drilling doesn’t start overnight. Some companies choose not to drill for corporate reasons — because they can raise funds from investors by not drilling on leases with proven reserves. Having thousands of unused drilling permits is not something that is unique to Biden’s tenure.   We rate this statement .