chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Donald Trump "won more counties than any candidate on our side since Ronald Reagan.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: December 4, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Pence said that Trump "won more counties than any candidate on our side since Ronald Reagan." The electoral results leave little doubt that Trump expanded Republican success compared to Romney’s baseline in many corners of the country. However, it’s important not to overstate the importance of the statistic Pence cited. Clinton may have won fewer counties overall, but the ones she did win tended to be much more populous and economically dynamic. The statement is accurate, but it needs an asterisk, so we rate it .
Statement: The Nashville, Tennessee, school shooter was Samantha Hyde.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 27, 2023
Location: tennessee
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Also, a second photo — of a smiling person wearing glasses — included in the posts is not the Nashville shooter. It is Aiden Itsalapron, a Pennsylvania resident who posted it on Facebook in December 2021.   On March 27, Itsalapron posted a TikTok video about the social media posts that used his photo, saying, "Apparently I am being confused with the Nashville incident that happened today. I have nothing to do with that, I live in Pennsylvania." We rate claims that the Nashville shooter was named Samantha Hyde !
Statement: I have not said that I was a single-payer supporter.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 11, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: But he has said in the past he supports a single-payer plan, and the questioner was correct that Obama's thinking has evolved over the years. Obama's answer strikes us as too artful. The 2003 YouTube video shows at one time he supported a single-payer system with little to no reservation. We agree that Obama does not support single payer now, but it's not correct to say that he has never supported it, which is certainly the impression you get from the answer he gave at the town hall. We rate his statement .
Statement: We import more oil today than ever before.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 6, 2009
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a newspaper interview
Fact-check justification: Now, it's the recession.    The proliferation of gasoline-ethanol blends and a 4.4 percent increase in domestic oil production have also contributed, Planting said. So Obama needs to check his figures. Twice this year, he has said that oil imports are higher than ever, but studies by the government and the energy industry show that's not . As a result, we give Obama a .
Statement: There are 3.6 million jobs sitting vacant, in part because there aren't enough qualified applicants to fill them.
Speaker: virginia foxx
About the speaker: Virginia Foxx is a Republican member of the House of Representatives from North Carolina.
Date: March 12, 2013
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a House floor speech
Fact-check justification: Foxx said, "There are 3.6 million jobs sitting vacant, in part because there aren’t enough qualified applicants to fill them." She’s right that there are 3.6 million vacancies and she's right that there aren't enough qualified job applicants, but she  to link the two because that statistic doesn’t take into account how long a job has been open. Still, there is strong  that the duration of job vacancies has grown since the onset of the most recent recession, and the skills mismatch Foxx cites is likely part of the reason. We rate her  .
Statement: Says spending by Democrats is driving major jumps in car rentals, gas prices and hotel prices this summer
Speaker: tom tiffany
About the speaker: In 2004 and 2008, Tom Tiffany ran for the 12th State Senate District, first against Senator Roger Breske, and then Jim Holperin losing both times in very close elections. In 2010, he ran for the Wisconsin State Assembly after the position was vacated by retiring incumbent, Representative Donald Friske. Tiffany won the primary, and later defeated Democrat Jay Schmelling 58.09% - 41.81%.
In 2012 Tiffany chose not to seek re-election to the State Assembly and to seek election to the State Senate after Holperin announced he would not run for reelection. He defeated Democrat Susan Sommer, 56% - 40%, in the general election on November 6, 2012. Tiffany succeeded fellow Republican Sean Duffy in Congress, winning a special election against Democrat Tricia Zunker in 2020.
Date: July 20, 2021
Location: national
Topics: economy;energy;gas prices;wisconsin;coronavirus
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Tiffany claimed that spending by Democrats is driving major jumps in car rentals, gas prices and hotel prices this summer. While inflation has gone up about 5% between May 2020 and May 2021, that doesn’t account for the much larger spikes in the price of rental cars, gas and hotels, which are driven more by supply and demand issues, rather than a general growth in costs.  During the pandemic, rental car companies sold off some of their cars to help make ends meet. Oil production dropped. And hotels stood  empty.  But now demand is soaring, driving prices up.  For a  that is partially accurate but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it .
Statement: A photo shows two Italian nurses in a hospital a few days before they got COVID-19 and died.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 26, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Airlines and travelers are still sorting out the new travel ban that President Donald Trump announced late Wednesday, barring most foreign visitors from continental Europe for 30 days. "  Searching for news stories about Sofia and Antonio and nurses in Italy, we found none — just other posts sharing the same story that appears on Facebook.   Dozens of doctors and nurses treating coronavirus patients have died in Italy .   But this Facebook post does not accurately describe the photo it features.   We rate it .
Statement: Since 1965, the United States has spent "untold trillions" yet the poverty rate hasn't budged.
Speaker: bill o'reilly
About the speaker: Bill O'Reilly hosted The O'Reilly Factor on Fox News until 2017. He formerly worked as a television news reporter and has authored numerous books.
Date: July 26, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;history;poverty;pundits
Context: a comment on Fox News' "The O'Reilly Factor"
Fact-check justification: And the final 14 percent of Americans may be the most difficult to lift out of poverty, suggesting that at some point the cost-benefit ratio for anti-poverty expenditures may become harder to defend. "The issue of whether we’re spending these social welfare dollars well, particularly on the margin, is an important one, and I think many people with very different political persuasions would agree we are not," said Eugene Steuerle, a fellow with the Urban Institute, a nonpartisan think tank. Still, the official statistics show that poverty has declined over the years -- indeed, quite steeply for certain groups -- and at least one unofficial estimate shows even lower rates today. The exact roles played in this decline by Medicare, Medicaid, the mid-1960s Social Security changes, food stamps and Head Start are uncertain, but it’s almost impossible to believe that they deserve no credit at all for the improved numbers. O’Reilly said the Great Society programs did nothing to reduce poverty, but we rule that  .
Statement: Says Donald Trump won the Ellis Island award for "patriotism, tolerance, brotherhood and diversity" alongside Muhammad Ali and Rosa Parks.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 10, 2019
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says Trump won the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 1986 for "patriotism, tolerance, brotherhood and diversity." He didn’t. He received the award for professional contributions that benefited New York City as a developer, as well as for his German heritage. We rate this .
Statement: Gov. Scott Walker bought "80 new, brand-new vehicles" for the state that "we probably don't need.
Speaker: kathleen vinehout
About the speaker: Democrat Kathleen Vinehout is a Wisconsin state senator from Alma, in western Wisconsin. The former university professor and dairy farmer was elected to the Senate in 2006 and re-elected in 2010. She ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination to run against Gov. Scott Walker in the gubernatorial recall election in 2012.
Date: December 5, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: a meeting
Fact-check justification: Our rating Vinehout said Walker bought "80 new, brand-new vehicles" for the state that "we probably don’t need." Walker did add money to the state budget to buy roughly 80 more vehicles. But he hasn’t bought any yet and, despite Vinehout’s characterization of the purchases being an unnecessary expense, they are aimed at saving money. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression -- our definition of . To comment on this article, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's website .
Statement: Says drug cartels are using social media to offer rebates so more children from Central America get smuggled to the United States.
Speaker: henry cuellar
About the speaker: Rep. Henry Cuellar, D-Texas, represents Texas' 28th District, which borders Mexico. He was first elected to this position in 2004.
Date: July 16, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;children;corrections and updates;crime
Fact-check justification: Cuellar said drug cartels are offering rebates via social media so more children from Central America get guided to the United States. The elements of Cuellar’s statement — cartels, social media and some sort of rebate or, perhaps, discount — stem from a State Department briefing for which we found minimal degrees of confirmation. We rate the  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Under Greg Abbott, Texas four-year-olds would be forced to undergo standardized tests.
Speaker: wendy davis
About the speaker: Wendy Davis, a Fort Worth attorney, was initially elected to the Texas Senate in 2008. She was the 2014 Democratic gubernatorial nominee, giving up a shot at winning re-election to the Senate.
Date: April 22, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: children;corrections and updates;education
Context: an online post
Fact-check justification: Davis said Abbott would force 4-year-olds to take standardized tests. Not quite. Abbott wants assessments of the subset of Texas students who are enrolled in public pre-k at the start and end of each school year and he says a way of doing so would entail standardized tests. However, his proposal also lists alternate assessment methods and says districts who volunteer for his pre-k program should be left to pick an assessment approach from various options fashioned by the state. We rate this  as .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. CLARIFICATION, 12:20 p.m., May 2, 2014 : This story was amended to clarify that Abbott proposes assessments of pre-k students in all districts with state-supported pre-k programs. The rating did not change.
Statement: 100% of heroin/fentanyl epidemic is because we don't have a WALL.
Speaker: ann coulter
About the speaker: Ann Coulter is a conservative columnist and author.
Date: January 30, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: immigration;drugs
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Coulter, alluding to the opioid crisis, said the heroin and fentanyl epidemic was "100 percent" caused by America’s lack of a border wall. Heroin is  trafficked from Mexico,  hidden in cargo – not by crossing the border through the desert. Fentanyl comes from both Mexico and Canada, and can also be transported through the mail. Coulter’s "100 percent"  is far off-base no matter how we parse it. We rate this  .
Statement: In 38 days Pelosi and Schiff are up for reelection. Nadler up June 23.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 1, 2021
Topics: congress;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Pelosi has held her seat since 1987 . She has yet to say whether she’s going to run again in 2022. We also didn’t find  that Schiff and Nadler have launched re-election campaigns. In February, Axios reported that Schiff has quietly lobbied California Gov. Gavin Newsom to appoint him as the state’s next attorney general.   What we do know: Claims that Pelosi, Schiff and Nadler are up for re-election this summer are .
Statement: Ninety-six percent of the last session, (U.S. Rep. Henry Cuellar) voted with Nancy Pelosi.
Speaker: bryan underwood
About the speaker: Bryan Underwood owns and operates a contracting business in Seguin.
Date: June 12, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: He also wasn’t as precise as he could have been if he intended delegates to think he was talking about Cuellar lock-stepping with fellow Democrats, rather than just Speaker Pelosi. Still, Cuellar tends to vote nearly all the time with her — and with his party. Cuellar voted nearly 90 percent of the time just like Pelosi last session and this session, he voted just like her on the 23 occasions they’ve both voted. Since January 2009, Cuellar has voted 96 percent of the time in alignment with most fellow Democrats. We rate Underwood’s statement as .
Statement: Says Nabisco is closing plants in Georgia and New Jersey and "moving to Mexico" because of Biden's election.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 11, 2021
Topics: food;jobs;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Posts  that Nabisco is closing plants in Georgia and New Jersey and "moving to Mexico" because of Biden’s election. Mondelez, which owns the brand, announced the plant closures Feb. 4, but there is no  that they are due to Biden’s election. The company said production from the two sites will shift to its other U.S. bakeries, not to Mexico. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Ron Johnson "opposes entirely a federal minimum wage," except perhaps for "guest workers.
Speaker: russ feingold
About the speaker: Russ Feingold served as a Democratic U.S. Senator representing Wisconsin from 1992 until 2010, when he was defeated for re-election. An attorney, he previously served 10 years in the Wisconsin Legislature. Following his Senate defeat, he founded Progressives United, which says it mission is to "stand up to the exploding corporate influence in our political system by organizing and amplifying the voices of those who believe that corporations have too much power." Feingold is running against U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, the man who defeated him, in the 2016 election.
Date: August 18, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: agriculture;economy;jobs;labor;government regulation;unions;workers
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Johnson opposes a raise to $15, the statement added, but "does not seek to get rid of the federal minimum wage -- it's here to stay." Our rating Feingold says Johnson "opposes entirely a federal minimum wage," except perhaps for "guest workers." It may not be a position Johnson has stated often, but when asked in July 2014 whether there should be a federal minimum wage, Johnson said there should not be one, other than perhaps one for guest workers. And while he may not be trying to repeal the wage, Johnson didn’t dispute the accuracy of Feingold’s  -- that he is against having a federal minimum, except perhaps for guest workers coming in from outside the United States. We rate Feingold’s statement .
Statement: Says Tom Barrett "has directed that tens of millions of City of Milwaukee tax dollars be used for the construction of a downtown trolley at the expense of: health and public safety; repair and replacement of public infrastructure; public education; and, job creation and economic development.
Speaker: save our city, milwaukeeans can't wait
About the speaker: Save Our City, Milwaukeeans Can't Wait registered with the City of Milwaukee in July 2017 as a political committee seeking to recall Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett.
Date: July 7, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city budget;city government;economy;poverty;transportation
Context: a recall filing
Fact-check justification: Our rating Save Our City, Milwaukeeans Can't Wait says Barrett "has directed that tens of millions of City of Milwaukee tax dollars be used for the construction of a downtown trolley at the expense of: health and public safety; repair and replacement of public infrastructure; public education; and, job creation and economic development." Tens of millions of tax dollars are being directed toward construction of a downtown-area streetcar line, which is now under way. But it is in the form of borrowing that can only be done for projects such as a streetcar. These are not funds that would otherwise be available for purposes such as police and schools. For a statement that contains only an element of , our rating is .
Statement: Says Will Rasmussen supported a sales tax as recently as last spring.
Speaker: promote oregon leadership pac (oregon house republicans)
About the speaker: Promote Oregon Leadership is the political action committe of Oregon House Republicans.
Date: September 27, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: taxes
Context: an e-mail
Fact-check justification: It seems clear to us that he supports the rainy day fund, but he doesn’t offer the same vocal support to a possible sales tax. PolitiFact Oregon talked to Rasmussen to see if he could explain his remarks. "We were discussing Oregon’s volatile revenue," he said, "and I was just summarizing the two general proposals that I had heard other people talking about neither of which were policy proposals that I was advocating." Upon review of the actual comments, it is clear that while Rasmussen might have mentioned a sales tax (and, yes, we think ‘"transactions that may be taxable" is pretty much code for sales tax), he isn’t advocating for one. We rate this  .   Comment on this item.
Statement: Active duty males in the military are twice as likely to develop prostate cancer than their civilian counterparts.
Speaker: cliff stearns
About the speaker: Cliff Stearns is a Republican from Ocala serving in the U.S. House of Representatives representing Congressional District 6.
Date: July 6, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: health care;military
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: However, that same research doesn’t conclude that military members are twice as likely to "develop" prostate cancer as Stearns said. The study hypothesizes that one reason for the different diagnosis rate may be because military members are subject to more frequent health screenings. Getting to the bottom of the discrepancy is actually why Stearns requested the money. That’s a needed clarification when considering Stearns’ comment. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says 60 percent of Austin's "waterways are found to be contaminated with fecal matter and deemed unsafe to swim.
Speaker: alexander strenger
About the speaker: Alexander Strenger, an Austin pedicabbie, is a 2018 candidate for Austin mayor.
Date: October 1, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: environment;animals;city government;water
Context: an interactive voter guide
Fact-check justification: Strenger said 60 percent of Austin’s "waterways are found to be contaminated with fecal matter and deemed unsafe to swim." This  fairly echoes a study finding that 60 percent of Austin waterways sampled by the city had so much E. coli bacteria that swimming could pose health risks. Then again, the study indicates a smaller share of waterways, 12 percent, had too much of the bacteria at every sampling. It’s worth noting too that the samplings were all taken in 2017, a year ago. On balance, we rate this  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.