chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Never mind that no red light camera, no speed camera, nor any radar gun has ever stopped one accident from occurring.
Speaker: tom mccarey
About the speaker: Member of the National Motorists Association.
Date: June 6, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: transportation
Context: In a Penn Live editorial
Fact-check justification: Tom McCarey wrote in a Penn Live editorial the technologies being pushed for by the Bicycle Coalition of Greater Philadelphia -- an extension of the state’s red light camera program, a pilot program for speeding cameras on Roosevelt Boulevard and the use of radar detection by police -- would make highways more dangerous and not stop a cyclist from being hit. At one point, he wrote Never mind that no red light camera, no speed camera, nor any radar gun has ever stopped one accident from occurring."   But multiple studies have shown crashes have been reduced in areas where red light cameras and speed cameras are used. Dominique Lord, who completed a study that questioned the efficacy of red light cameras, said the cameras have prevented at least one crash.    We rate the  .
Statement: The United States is "the only advanced country on Earth" that doesn't guarantee "paid maternity leave to our workers.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 20, 2015
Location: national
Topics: jobs;women;workers
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Obama said that the United States is the only advanced country on earth that doesn’t guarantee "paid maternity leave to our workers." Unless you live in one of three states that mandate it, paid maternity leave is not required, and it’s uncommon among employers. As a result, the United States has the smallest population of women eligible for paid maternity leave among developed countries. All developed countries surveyed by the International Labor Organization mandate at least some paid maternity leave. However, it’s worth noting that the benefit is not exactly universally enjoyed in parts of the developed world due to restrictions and exclusions on certain workers. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says he has "yet to get a response" from Barack Obama to his August 2010 letter making border security requests.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: April 5, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Perry said he had "yet to get a response" to his 2010 letter to Obama requesting border security steps. That’s not so. Perry fielded a reply to his letter from a White House deputy about three weeks after the airport howdy. We grant that it might not have contained the answers Perry sought, but saying Perry has yet to get any response strikes us as both  and . !
Statement: Says Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez "says that all young people want to be socialists.
Speaker: tim baxter
About the speaker: Tim Baxter is a 2022 Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire. He is a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
Date: January 4, 2022
Location: new hampshire
Topics: new york;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: There is  that young people in the U.S. react favorably to the term "socialism" — and show support for more progressive ideas about government programs, if not government ownership of the means of production. For example, this question was asked in an Axios/Momentive poll in June: "Do you have a positive or negative reaction to the word socialism?"  Among adults ages 18 to 24, 52% said positive and among those 25 to 35, 50% said positive. But there’s a lot of distance between those findings and the  that Ocasio-Cortez said "all young people want to be socialists." We rate that  . PolitiFact staff researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: Our Supreme Court has never taken away a constitutional right.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: May 4, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: abortion;legal issues;supreme court
Context: TV interview
Fact-check justification: But Idleman, the Marquette University professor, said it’s uncommon for rights to be eliminated or even significantly restricted, and added he’d be hard-pressed to find too many more examples.   "It’s uncommon," he said, "but not unprecedented. "   Our ruling  Baldwin said she believed the "Supreme Court has never taken away a constitutional right. "  Legal scholars say that although such reversals are uncommon, a few examples do exist.   That makes her  .
Statement: The Democratic Congress has already taken significant steps to create jobs and jump-start the economy, resulting in the lowest tax rates in over 50 years and the creation of over 500,000 new jobs so far this year.
Speaker: mark critz
About the speaker: Mark Critz is a Democrat who represents a district in western Pennsylvania in the U.S. House of Representatives. He won his seat in a May 2010 special election to succeed the late Rep. John Murtha, D-Pa., for whom Critz worked as an aide.
Date: May 27, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;taxes
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: By nature, all recessions depress taxation rates, as individuals and families shift to lower tax brackets and, as a result, pay out less of their income in taxes.    The Bush tax cuts and the recession are "hardly facets of the issue that a newly minted Democrat should be touting," said J.D. Foster, a senior fellow at the conservative Heritage Foundation.    Overall, then, Critz was  right on the stats -- that taxes are relatively low right now, and that 500,000 jobs have been created this year. But it's a stretch for him to suggest that the Democrats deserve any more than partial credit for the shape of today's tax landscape. So we rate his statement .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "spent the least amount of money of any of the competitive primary contenders that he beat so badly.
Speaker: michael caputo
About the speaker: Michael Caputo is the assistant secretary for public affairs at the Department of Health and Human Services. Caputo is a former adviser to Donald Trump. He also ran Carl Paladino's 2010 gubernatorial campaign.
Date: June 22, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: campaign finance;elections
Context: an interview on Capital Tonight, Time Warner Cable News
Fact-check justification: Caputo, a Trump supporter and former adviser, said, Trump "spent the least amount of money of any of the competitive primary contenders that he beat so badly." When Trump’s spending is looked at broadly over the course of the campaign, he appears to outspend the majority of his opponents through the end of May. But a review of his spending during the time rival candidates were still in the race shows a different result. All except Kasich spent more money than Trump before dropping out. It's also worth mentioning that Trump did not have any major funding from a superPAC, while some of his opponents did. The Right to Rise superPAC, for example, spent more than $80 million to elect Jeb Bush. We rate this  as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/ae35d6be-8a83-482f-a362-142b5c1b05e4
Statement: I'm one of the first guys to introduce a climate change bill, way, way back in '87.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: May 1, 2019
Location: national
Topics: climate change;congress
Context: a stump speech
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "I’m one of the first guys to introduce a climate change bill, way, way back in ‘87." There had been some high-profile hearings about climate change on the Hill, as well as a non-binding resolution prior to Biden’s proposal. But he is credited with introducing the first climate change bill. We rate this .
Statement: The health care bill has "six years of costs against 10 years of tax revenue.
Speaker: ken cuccinelli
About the speaker: Ken Cuccinelli became acting director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services on June 10, 2019. Cuccinelli, a Republican, was Virginia's attorney general from 2010 to 2014. In 2013, he lost the general election for governor to Democrat Terry McAuliffe. In 2016, he was a adisver to the presidential campaign of Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas.
Born in 1968, Cuccinelli has a B.S. in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia, a J.D. from Geroge Mason University School of Law and an M.A. in International Commerce and Policy from George Mason University.
He represented Fairfax County in the state senate from 2002 to 2010.
 
 
 
 
.
Date: March 1, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: an appearance on Fox News
Fact-check justification: The bill is is a bit front-loaded. About 10 percent of the taxes for health care reform will be levied in the first four years to pay for an estimated 1 percent of cost. But Cuccinelli is flat  to say health care reform offers no benefits before 2014. Some of the bill’s most popular provisions -- including no cancelation of health insurance for pre-existing conditions, guaranteed coverage of dependents to age 26, and tax credits for small businesses -- have taken effect and other components will be implemented before 2014. We rate this  .
Statement: More than half of Planned Parenthood facilities are in rural or medically underserved areas.
Speaker: carolyn maloney
About the speaker: a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives representing a district in New York.
Date: March 16, 2017
Location: national
Topics: abortion;health care;public health;women
Context: remarks on the House floor
Fact-check justification: Maloney said, "More than half of Planned Parenthood facilities are in rural or medically underserved areas." That  is supported by data from Planned Parenthood and the federal health care database.  Experts familiar with the data told us that there is enough  to show Maloney was on target with her . We rate this  .
Statement: White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre was involved in a covered-up DUI accident
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: March 26, 2023
Location: national
Topics: alcohol;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The SUV was parked on a railroad crossing and the woman was sitting handcuffed in the back seat. In the posts about Jean-Pierre, the image of the SUV with a back door open is a zoomed-in version of the original screenshot and cuts out the incoming train. Another image showing the back of an officer who wore clothes labeled "police"  appears in many of the posts, but it isn’t from March 2023, either. A search showed the image is from Jan. 7 Memphis, Tennessee, police body camera footage that was released following the killing of Tyre Nichols. We rate these claims !
Statement: Say New Jersey Reps. Donald Payne and Frank Pallone are "socialists who are openly serving in the U.S. Congress.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 12, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: candidate biography
Context: web pages
Fact-check justification: The ruling     Misinformation and smear campaigns are part of political life. But these persistent claims about socialists are riddled with errors and outright lies. Any one of the problems would be sufficient to discredit the report, but taken together, the effort is flagrantly . For that reason, we rate this : . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Wisconsin voter turnout jumped from 67% in 2016 to 89% in 2020.
Speaker: donald trump jr.
About the speaker: Donald Trump Jr. is the son of President Donald Trump and his former wife Ivana Trump.
Date: November 4, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Trump Jr. shared a  that Wisconsin’s turnout jumped from 67% in 2016 to 89% in 2020, and intimated it is due to fraud or something nefarious. But it’s due to bad math. Turnout is measured as a percentage of eligible voters, not registered voters. Trump Jr.’s figures use eligible voters for the 2016 figure but registered voters for 2020. Using the proper denominator for 2020 shows a turnout around 72%, firmly in the range of past presidential elections. We rate this !
Statement: The House Zika bill "limits access to birth control services needed to help curb the spread of the virus" in Puerto Rico.
Speaker: bill nelson
About the speaker: Bill Nelson was first elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida in 2000. He lost re-election to Gov. Rick Scott in 2018. Nelson previously served in the Florida Legislature, Congress and as state Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner.
 
Date: June 23, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: abortion;public health
Context: an email statement
Fact-check justification: Nelson, along with many other Democrats, said the Zika funding bill would limit access to family planning and contraceptives that would help stop the spread of the Zika virus. The legislation would have blocked the flow of money to one organization, Profamilias, the Planned Parenthood chapter in Puerto Rico. However, the bill also provided funds that would potentially help clinics and hospitals in nearly every municipality on the island. There would be some pockets without services, but it is unclear that Profamilias would be positioned to fill those gaps. At the same time, Profamilias serves women who might be more at risk of infection because they tend to be young and poor. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/43556383-0ecf-4eca-9f83-1a0b4adea71a
Statement: In the past three years, state legislatures have "enacted more of these restrictions (on abortion) than in the previous 10 years combined.
Speaker: patty murray
About the speaker: Patty Murray is a Democratic senator who represents the state of Washington. 
Date: January 22, 2014
Location: national
Topics: abortion;health care;women
Context: an online statement
Fact-check justification: Murray said there have been more state-level abortion restrictions in the past three years than in the 10 years before that. A Guttmacher Institute report counted 205 restrictions from 2011 to 2013, compared to 189 from the previous decade. It's worth noting that 25 of those aren't currently in effect, but Murray specifically referred to restrictions enacted, not restrictions currently enforced. Both abortion-rights advocates and anti-abortion advocates told PolitiFact that they concur with Guttmacher's data. We rate her  .
Statement: California's deadly wildfires "would never happen" with "proper Forest Management.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 9, 2019
Location: california
Topics: environment;fires;government regulation;public safety
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: President Trump claimed California’s deadly wildfires "would never happen" with "proper Forest Management." Experts on climate, forestry and firefighting all rejected a similar assertion by Trump in November, calling it overly simplistic. They said forest management is just one element, while climate change and urban sprawl are also key contributors. Trump has, once again, erroneously placed the blame on just one factor. We rate his latest  , as well.   We rate the  .    –  The statement is not accurate. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Just about half of rural hospitals operate in the red in Virginia. They operate at a loss.
Speaker: mary mannix
About the speaker: Mary Mannix has been the President and CEO of Augusta Health in Fisherville, Va. since January, 2008. She is a Fellow of the American College of Healthcare Executives and serves on the Board of Directors of the Blue Ridge Community College Foundation, the Greater Augusta Chamber of Commerce, the Board of the Virginia Hospital & Healthcare Association, and the Region 3 American Hospital Association Regional Policy Board. She holds Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Master of Science in Nursing, and Master of Business Administration degrees from Binghamton University. Her post graduate fellowship in Healthcare Administration was through the Guthrie Healthcare System.
Date: September 16, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: health care
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Mannix said about half of the rural hospitals in Virginia are operating at a loss. Figures from the group that tracks hospital finances back her  and suggest, if anything, her estimate is on the low end. We rate her statement .
Statement: Says Donald Trump is not at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, "he is on AF1.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 2, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a series of images
Fact-check justification: That unfounded theory is outweighed by the significant amount of  showing that Trump does, in fact, have COVID-19. The Facebook post is  and makes a  . We rate it ! This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: Just last May, the Department of Justice inspector general found that these ('sanctuary city') policies also violate federal law.
Speaker: jeff sessions
About the speaker: Jeff Sessions is President Donald Trump's Attorney General. He was previously a U.S. Senator from Alabama.
 
Date: March 27, 2017
Location: national
Topics: immigration;criminal justice;homeland security;crime
Context: a press briefing
Fact-check justification: Sessions said, "Just last May, the Department of Justice inspector general found that these (‘sanctuary’) policies also violate federal law." A memo issued by the inspector general raised questions about how local officials may be interpreting and applying ordinances that limit their cooperation with federal immigration authorities. But the memo also explicitly said a formal legal determination on whether certain state and local laws or policies violate Section 1373 had not been made by immigration officials and that his office was unaware of any Justice Department decision in that regard. Sessions’ statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: We have dozens of districts that go for 150 to 200 miles, splitting counties, splintering cities and connecting areas that have very little in common.
Speaker: ellen freidin
About the speaker: Ellen Freidin was campaign chair of the drive to amend the Florida constitution to require more compact  legislative and congressional districts. Amendments 5 and 6, passed in 2010, require new district lines to take into account county and municipal boundaries and geographic divisions, while also allowing for minority representation.  
Date: December 13, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: elections
Context: comments at the launch of the NoLabels.org website
Fact-check justification: One might argue that districts should be measured not just from end to end, but by the sprawling territory they take up, which would likely add to the list. Whether it would get it to "dozens'' is debatable.         Inarguably, the districts meander and wind in jagged jigsaw patterns that crisscross cities and  counties.  We highlighted more than three-dozen examples. With a slight penalty for fuzzy math on the number of giant districts, we rate Freidin’s  .
Statement: Kamala Harris resigns in shock after Biden's 'mandatory' border trip…Trump jails 'corrupt' VP.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 12, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook.) Both posts featured the same clip from a Newsmax broadcast in which a guest criticized the Biden administration on immigration and Harris for not visiting the border. But the segment didn’t touch on Harris resigning, or getting jailed. She didn’t.   We rate this  !
Statement: Says Democratic runoff opponent Grady Yarbrough twice previously ran statewide as a Republican.
Speaker: paul sadler
About the speaker: Paul Sadler, a lawyer who previously worked with the Wind Coalition energy advocacy group, served in the Texas House from 1991 through 2003, an East Texas district around Henderson. He was his party's 2012 U.S. Senate nominee.
Date: June 8, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: bipartisanship;candidate biography
Context: Houston
Fact-check justification: In a telephone interview, Yarbrough said he was invited by a Tyler friend to help the Republican Party in about 1984 and volunteered to help Republican Bill Clements make his successful last run for governor in 1986. Yarbrough said he left the GOP after the party’s chairman in 1990 refused to condemn another candidate for the party's land commissioner nomination who had offended Yarbrough by saying that his name was adapted from slave holders. The opponent, Yarbrough told us, "should not have brought that up." Yarbrough said he became a Democrat after the 1990 race because he felt he was no longer welcome in the Republican Party. We rate Sadler’s statement as .
Statement: Dolphins are rapists. Look it up.
Speaker: unbreakable kimmy schmidt
About the speaker: Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt is a fictional TV show about a happy-go-lucky woman navigating New York City after being rescued from an underground cult.
Date: April 15, 2016
Topics: animals;science;punditfact
Context: an episode of "Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt"
Fact-check justification: Tina Fey’s character on Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt said, "Dolphins are rapists. Look it up." We did. It’s just a myth. While research has shown some aggressive mating behavior among dolphin males, this isn’t the same thing as "rape." Importantly, there’s no  to show that the females are forced to mate. We looked it up and found that this  is very much breakable. . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/c8057807-878d-4fca-b029-1f01fa7a7516