chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: 'Denali' is the Kenyan word for 'black power.'
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: September 3, 2015
Topics: environment;punditfact
Context: an image shared on Facebook
Fact-check justification: The meme claims " ‘Denali’ is the Kenyan word for ‘black power.’ " Nope. The word "Denali" doesn’t show up in Swahili, one of Kenya’s two national languages. Instead, it’s Koyukon Athabaskan for "high" or "tall." We rate the meme’s  ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/a7790d84-e8d8-45e2-8a6d-303a57f6d11b
Statement: Friendly reminder: Cigarettes are FDA approved.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 24, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Posts on Facebook suggest people shouldn’t trust the FDA’s approval of the Pfizer vaccine because it also approved cigarettes. That’s . The agency regulates the manufacturing, marketing and distribution of tobacco products, including cigarettes, but it doesn’t approve them the way it does with drugs and vaccines. It doesn’t have the authority to ban them, either. We rate this comparison .
Statement: Exxon sign says drivers "must show proof of a job for gas purchase.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 12, 2021
Topics: gas prices;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The same cars are idling in the parking lot.   That’s because anyone can punch in the text they want to appear on the sign at a website that lets you "make your own gas station sign." We created one . It says: "Don’t believe everything you see on the internet." We rate claims that this is a real sign .
Statement: More people are apprehended after illegally crossing the U.S.-Mexico border a week "than are born in Texas each week.
Speaker: dan patrick
About the speaker: As a Houston state senator, Dan Patrick won election as lieutenant governor of Texas in November 2014 after earlier defeating incumbent David Dewhurst for his party's nomination. Patrick also has hosted a daily talk show on AM700 in Houston.
Date: July 21, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;children;population
Context: an interview with Laura Ingraham
Fact-check justification: Patrick said each week, more people are apprehended after entering the U.S. by illegally crossing the Mexico/U.S. border than are born in Texas. According to state and federal figures, that was so in each of the five months preceding Patrick’s radio interview. It’s worth noting that when apprehensions sufficiently decrease -- as in six of the previous seven months -- this  wouldn’t hold. This  was solid when Patrick spoke. We rate it .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Based on the August 2012 national jobs numbers, "for every person who got a job, nearly four people stopped looking for a job.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: September 7, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Ryan said four times as many people gave up working in August 2012 than found a job. He’s highlighting a couple of figures from the Labor Department’s monthly report, and notes that one figure is four times as high as the other. What he doesn’t say, of course, is that both figures are estimates and subject to revision. And he doesn’t account for another key factor: Baby Boomers are retiring. We rate the statement .
Statement: This is a 1927 News Article showing America was sold to five Billionaires The Rothschild's, Rockefellers, DuPont's, Harriman's and Warburg's.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 9, 2020
Topics: history;wealth
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims: "This is a 1927 News Article showing America was sold to five Billionaires The Rothschild’s, Rockefellers , DuPont’s, Harriman’s and Warburg’s." The article is a spoof from The Onion. We rate the  !
Statement: Says photo shows U.S. planes on fire after Iranian missile strikes in Iraq.
Speaker: islamic republic news agency
About the speaker: Islamic Republic News Agency calls itself the official news agency of Iran.
Date: January 7, 2020
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Other Twitter users more broadly claimed that "Iran’s online operatives" were re-using old pictures. This is not the only case of old images being repurposed and falsely labeled as showing the most recent air strikes against U.S. military. Our reporting found that additional images and videos of older missile strikes by Iran and Israel were also shared widely on Facebook, falsely identified as being from this week’s Iranian strikes. The Islamic Republic News Agency shared an image on Twitter giving the  impression that it showed U.S. planes on fire after Iranian strikes this week. We rate the  .
Statement: Says "we allow more people into America legally than all other countries on the planet combined.
Speaker: greg walden
About the speaker: Greg Walden is a U.S. representative from Oregon. He is leading the transition as Republicans take power in the 112th Congress.
Date: April 18, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: immigration
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: We also appreciate that Walden was measured in his statement, saying "I believe" and "I think." He even invited fact checkers to look into the issue. But ultimately, none of that changes the fact that to focus on only four countries while making a statement about the entire world is , even if it’s not on purpose. When we compare permanent immigrants in other countries -- green-card and permanent-type residents --  we find that Walden’s statement is not accurate without significant context. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Gov. Evers "has refused to identify or discipline the staff member who secretly taped" a conversation with GOP leaders.
Speaker: romaine quinn
About the speaker: Quinn graduated from Rice Lake High School and received his bachelor's degree from University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, in political science and public leadership. Quinn worked for Viking Coca-Cola. Quinn is a Republican. Quinn served as Mayor of Rice Lake, Wisconsin, becoming the youngest mayor to serve in Rice Lake history. On November 4, 2014, Quinn defeated the incumbent Stephen Smith for the Wisconsin State Assembly seat.
Date: June 18, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;states
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: In the weekly GOP radio address, Quinn said Evers "has refused to identify or discipline the staff member who secretly taped the conversation." The governor has so far been very clear that he won’t identify the person. But he repeatedly refused to discuss any discipline in public. So, on that point, Quinn mischaracterized what Evers said and what is known about the situation. That leaves us with a statement that’s partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. That’s our definition for . See Figure 1 on PolitiFact.com
Statement: Says Mark Warner "has supported restrictions on veterans' second amendment rights.
Speaker: national rifle association
About the speaker: An advocacy group that fights restrictions on the right to bear arms.
Date: September 8, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: voting record;guns
Context: a mailer
Fact-check justification: The NRA says Warner "has supported restrictions on veterans’ second amendment rights." As proof, it cites the senator’s 2013 vote against an amendment that would have ended a VA policy of submitting the names of veterans it deems mentally unstable to the the FBI for inclusion on a national list of people barred from buying guns. People who didn’t serve in the military, by contrast, can only be declared mentally unfit to buy a gun by a judge. So there’s a basis for the NRA’s : Warner voted against abolishing a restriction on buying guns that only affects veterans. What the NRA ignores is that Warner voted for a different amendment that would have opened a appeals route for veterans outside of the VA -- to judges or an independent board.  While Warner did not back the change desired by the NRA, he did support a policy change. The NRA’s statement is accurate but needs additional information. We rate it .
Statement: We've saved over $100 million of (health care) costs" in Milwaukee County. "I did that.
Speaker: lee holloway
About the speaker: Lee Holloway is the chairman of the Milwaukee County Board of Supervisors. He represents the county's 5th District, which encompasses parts of Milwaukee's north side. He was elected to the board in 1992 and has served as chairman since 2004.
Date: January 12, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care
Context: a meeting with Journal Sentinel reporters and editors
Fact-check justification: As for credit, no one argues that Holloway dug into the nuts and bolts of the changes the county made. As the County Board chairman, Holloway’s role was leadership, and he played a key -- though far from solo -- role. To put it another way: Holloway didn’t dribble the basketball the full length of the court before taking his shot -- he got an assist from his teammates. But his shot did go in. We rate his statement .
Statement: Approximately 60,000 Canadians currently live undocumented in the USA.
Speaker: cori bush
About the speaker: Cori Bush was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2020 to represent Missouri's first Congressional district. She is a registered nurse. 
Date: September 23, 2021
Topics: immigration
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: RELATED : Lindsey Graham: 'I've never met an illegal Canadian' RELATED : Beto O'Rourke says US has 'no clue' when visa holders leave through land ports. Is it ? RELATED : Haitian migrants took an implausible route to Texas-Mexico border area .
Statement: Says Winston Churchill said, "A lie gets halfway around the world before the truth has a chance to get its pants on.
Speaker: colin kaepernick
About the speaker: He is the former quarterback for the NFL's San Francisco 49ers.
Date: October 8, 2017
Topics: history;patriotism;pop culture;sports;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Kaepernick credited Churchill for saying, "A lie gets halfway around the world before the  has a chance to get its pants on." This is a quote that often is attributed to the British prime minister, but there’s no record of him saying it. But that’s a common , experts told us. The line has grown and evolved — and then credited to different people — many times over hundreds of years, potentially starting with a version by Swift in 1710. This is a broken play by Kaepernick. We rate it .
Statement: About 230,000 people that were on unemployment when I took office are not on unemployment now.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: April 18, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: economy;workers
Context: radio interview
Fact-check justification: Scott’s  that 230,000 fewer people are receiving unemployment benefits than when he entered office is pretty close to the actual drop (216,684). A couple of caveats here. The figure is not completely an indicator that the economy is improving, as Scott suggests, and is somewhat the result of a strict new state law. Also, the trend of jobless claims started falling in mid 2009, more than a year before Scott took office. That undercuts, to a point, the suggestion Scott should get the credit. Scott’s statement is accurate but can use some additional information. That’s our definition of .
Statement: Monarch butterflies are becoming extinct" because of increased use of crops genetically modified to withstand pesticides.
Speaker: peter defazio
About the speaker: Peter DeFazio is Oregon's U.S. representative in the 4th Congressional District. He was elected to Congress in 1986. He lives in Springfield.
Date: February 12, 2015
Location: national
Topics: environment;agriculture;animals;food safety;public health
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: DeFazio said that "monarch butterflies are becoming extinct" because of increased use of crops genetically modified to withstand pesticides. The  of a connection is suggestive but not conclusive. Monarch populations have been declining alongside a shrinkage in its primary food source -- milkweed -- and the increased use of crops genetically modified to withstand pesticides and herbicides. However, causation has not been established yet, and other culprits -- deforestation and unexpected weather events -- are likely to have played a role as well. Moreover, DeFazio exaggerated when he said that the butterfly species is "becoming extinct." It faces significant challenges, but monarchs remain several steps away from extinction, and many conservationists think the trend can be mitigated. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: Says Joe Biden "blackmailed Ukraine with a billion in tax dollars to drop an investigation into his son and Democrats want to impeach President Trump for simply asking if it was true?
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 29, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;impeachment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed Joe Biden "blackmailed" Ukraine by withholding $1 billion from the country in order to kill an investigation of the company his son worked for. It also claimed Democrats want to impeach Trump because the president asked Zelensky about Joe Biden’s actions. Biden did threaten to withhold $1 billion from Ukraine if it didn’t fire a prosecutor who had been tasked with investigating corruption, including Burisma. But there’s no  he acted to protect his son’s business interests, and Biden was not alone in calling for the prosecutor’s ouster. Additionally, there is no  that Biden’s actions meet the legal definition of "blackmail." As for the impeachment inquiry, Democrats have been primarily concerned with whether Trump’s request for Ukraine to investigate Biden constituted an abuse of power. They are not pursuing impeachment against Trump "for simply asking if it was " that Biden "blackmailed" Ukraine. We rate this  . Correction:  This article previously stated that former Vice President Biden threatened to withhold military aid to Ukraine. In fact, the funding  was a loan guarantee , so we have removed those references.
Statement: A gas tax holiday "would at best provide 30 cents a day for three months for a grand total of $28.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Clinton, on the other hand, arrives at a higher number by calculating savings for a family of four with an average of 2.3 vehicles per household. We examined her  in detail and concluded it was  . Obama's statement that a gas tax holiday "would at best provide 30 cents a day for three months for a grand total of $28" is in line with estimates we have for average fuel consumption. The back-of-the-envelope calculation is clearly based on a few assumptions, but the assumptions are reasonable. We rate his statement .
Statement: Signs letter saying Consumer Product Safety Commission is acting "without consultation or input from the company" to stop the sale of Buckyballs.
Speaker: marsha blackburn
About the speaker: Marsha Blackburn, a native of Laurel, Miss., was first elected to represent Tennessee’s 7th Congressional District in 2002. Blackburn was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018,
Date: October 1, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: consumer safety;government regulation;public safety;regulation
Context: Congress
Fact-check justification: Blackburn, Roe and their fellow letter writers are concerned that the "nation’s brightest innovators and job creators" are being penalized by an overzealous consumer protection agency. We’ll leave it to others to determine whether the sellers of Chinese magnetic balls qualify as the nation’s "brightest innovators," and will also decline to determine the  of the letter writers’ assertion that the agency’s first administrative complaint in 11 years suggest "excessive and selective enforcement." Those are opinions, but it is possible to see whether the CPSC failed to consult or seek input from the company. The lengthy record laid out by the company’s CEO establishes there was, in fact, much consultation leading up the agency’s conclusion that the toys are inherently unsafe. We rule the Congress members’ statement .
Statement: The oddest thing is he doesn't want to do for America what he did for Massachusetts. He did mandate health care for Massachusetts, which is HillaryCare, and he doesn't want to do that for America.
Speaker: rudy giuliani
About the speaker: Rudy Giuliani is the former mayor of New York City. He was born in Brooklyn in 1944 and previously served as a federal prosecutor, as well as an associate attorney general under President Reagan. He graduated from Manhattan College and earned a law degree from New York University Law School. He has been married since 2003 to Judith Nathan and was married twice before. He has two children, Andrew and Caroline. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 30, 2008.
Date: November 26, 2007
Location: national
Context: a Washington Post interview
Fact-check justification: Giuliani's other point is that Romney isn't proposing a national plan similar to what he did in Massachusetts. That's , too. Romney has argued that population demographics vary so much by state that a universal plan can't be applied across the country. Instead, he has proposed changing the way federal dollars are made available to states — which is what Massachusetts was able to do — so states are free to draw up plans that suit themselves. Add it all up and Giuliani's got it right.
Statement: Judge Sotomayor has said "that policy is made on the U.S. Court of Appeals.
Speaker: republican national committee
About the speaker: The Republican National Committee is the national arm of the Republican Party.
Date: May 26, 2009
Location: national
Topics: sotomayor nomination;supreme court
Context: a talking points memo
Fact-check justification: And Sotomayor goes on to detail those differences. In full context, it's clear that she is making the point that there are more decisions about interpreting and applying policy at the appeals court level. To the extent that the RNC raises the point to suggest it means she would be an activist judge on the Supreme Court, we think that's . Sotomayor even noted that judges don't make law, that she was talking about interpreting and applying it. And so we rule the RNC's statement .
Statement: Mike "Martinez has voted to raise taxes and utility rates while ending free bus service for seniors.
Speaker: steve adler
About the speaker: Attorney Steve Adler won election as mayor of Austin in December 2014, drawing 67 percent of the vote in a December 2014 runoff. He was sworn in Jan. 6, 2015. He sought re-election in 2018.
Date: December 2, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: transportation;voting record;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Mike "Martinez has voted to raise taxes and utility rates while ending free bus service for seniors." Austin residents pay more in taxes and could be paying more for electricity thanks to council actions Martinez supported. He also backed a decision by the Capital Metro board to charge half fares to elderly bus riders who had previously not been charged, though Martinez hardly did this by himself; it’s worth clarifying, too, that Capital Metro was under pressure to improve its finances and that Martinez missed the vote creating the then-50-cent fare. We rate this statement .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Perdue mismanaged Pillowtex, and nearly 8,000 people got laid off.
Speaker: jack kingston
About the speaker: Jack Kingston, a Republican, is a former U.S. Representative from Georgia and a political commentator.
Date: July 1, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: economy
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Investors don’t view that strategy as mismanagement, even if populists would object to it. Kingston would have been on firmer ground to make the populist point and let voters decide the merits. But the  of mismanagement is an overreach. Even the loss of jobs after Perdue left – closer to 7,000 – is overstated from what is sure a massive number. We rate Kingston’s statement as .
Statement: Violent crimes where a firearm is used have remained static since 2013 in both New York State and Erie County
Speaker: chris collins
About the speaker: Chris Collins is the Republican congressman representing New York's 27th Congressional District.
Date: August 2, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: guns
Context: an op-ed for The Buffalo News
Fact-check justification: Collins said "statistics show that violent crimes where a firearm is used have remained static since 2013 in both New York State and Erie County." Statistics tell a different story. Violent crimes with a firearm have decreased statewide since 2013 and increased in Erie County. But correlation does not equal causation. Trends show violent crime with a firearm was already going down statewide before the SAFE Act. We rate his statement .