chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Elon Musk tweeted, "The Democrats paid the CEO Jack Dorsey of Twitter millions of dollars to block and delete people's pages during the 2020 election.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 7, 2022
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The supposed tweet carries some other obvious red flags: the odd punctuation and stilted phrasing, such as "the CEO Jack Dorsey of Twitter. "  Also, The Washington Post reported , the first batch of internal Twitter communications that were made public before this Instagram post was published showed that Twitter "independently decided to limit the spread" of a New York Post story about President Joe Biden’s son, "without Democratic politicians, the Biden campaign or FBI exerting control over the social media network. "  "In fact," the Post reported, "the only input from a sitting politician that Taibbi noted was from Silicon Valley Rep. Ro Khanna (D), who told Twitter executives they should distribute the story, regardless of the potential consequences for his party." In 2020, after restricting users from sharing the New York Post article about Hunter Biden, Twitter reversed its policy a few weeks before the election and let users post the story link again. We rate claims that this is an authentic Musk tweet .
Statement: There's no plan from Senate Democrats or the White House to replace the sequester.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: March 3, 2013
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press."
Fact-check justification: Boehner said that the White House and Democrats in the Senate have no plan to replace the sequester. He’s  on both counts. Obama has a proposal for replacing sequestration cuts with a mix of tax increases and spending cuts. And Senate Democrats have filed a sequester-replacement bill taking a similar approach. !
Statement: U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz "has blamed the Republicans for the creation of Hamas.
Speaker: karen harrington
About the speaker: Karen Harrington is running in a Republican primary for Congressional District 20 in South Florida. She lost in the same district against U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz in 2010.
Date: November 12, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: israel
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Harrington said Wasserman Schultz "has blamed the Republicans for the creation of Hamas." Harrington didn't explain what she meant during the interview, but her campaign points to a statement Wasserman Schultz made about democracy in the Middle East. Only, Wasserman Schultz didn't blame the Republicans or President George W. Bush for the "creation" of Hamas, although she did suggest that Bush's push for democracy led to Hamas taking charge of Gaza. We are fact-checking Harrington's words here and she has misquoted Wasserman Schultz -- blaming Republicans for the creation of Hamas is different than blaming a Republican administration for promoting democracy and then charging that that led to Hamas being in charge of Gaza. When Wasserman Schultz said "the rise of Hamas thanks to 'democracy' " she isn't talking about the original birth of Hamas -- she is talking about their increased role in Gaza. We rate this  .
Statement: Says new GOP Wisconsin Assembly members "voted to take funding away from their public schools in their districts to give it to private Milwaukee voucher schools.
Speaker: peter barca
About the speaker:  
Peter Barca, a Kenosha native and Democrat, has served two stints in the state Assembly. He was first elected in 1984 before resigning after winning a U.S. House seat in 1993. He served one term in Congress, losing re-election to Mark Neumann. Barca served in various governmental and private-sector posts before winning election to the Assembly in 2008. He was elected Minority Leader of the Assembly Democrats in 2011.
 
Date: June 25, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a newspaper column and other statements
Fact-check justification: But research indicates that if past experience holds and 60 percent of the new choice students come from private schools, property taxpayers outside of MPS would still save money. To be sure, the full effect of the school choice expansion won’t be known for some time. But Barca didn’t state that depending on how the expansion plays out, it might cost other school districts -- he claimed that the expansion actually takes away money from those districts. There is no  of that.    We rate Barca’s  .
Statement: The wives of the 9/11 hijackers "knew exactly what was happening" and went back to Saudi Arabia two days before the attacks to watch their husbands on television flying the planes.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 3, 2016
Location: national
Topics: history;terrorism
Context: a GOP debate hosted by Fox
Fact-check justification: In an interview with the New York Times , Saudi Ambassador Bandar bin Sultan said that with the help of the FBI, his government arranged for these people to assemble in Washington where a chartered plane would take them back to Saudi Arabia. But it seems clear Trump wasn't talking about them. And the fact that some of those relatives were evacuated from the United States for their protection doesn't make what Trump said during the Fox debate any more accurate. Trump's  is . The wives of the 9/11 hijackers "knew exactly what was happening" and went back to Saudi Arabia two days before the attacks to watch their husbands on television flying the planes.
Statement: By the end of this decade, the interest we owe on our debt could rise to nearly $1 trillion.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: April 13, 2011
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: CBO estimated interest in 2021 to be $931 billion -- closer to $1 trillion than any of our other numbers, and possibly enough to justify Obama’s wording of "nearly $1 trillion." Still, we think most listeners wouldn’t immediately assume the president is talking about budget windows when he says "by the end of this decade." Using the figures for 2019 or 2020 instead, Obama’s numbers are off by anywhere from 13 percent to 29 percent. Obama’s underlying point is still sound -- the United States will have hundreds of billions of dollars of debt on the books -- but we think the most obvious numbers fall short of "nearly $1 trillion." On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Every (Wisconsin) legislator that votes for this bill" will have to "give up the same amount of pay" as other state employees.
Speaker: jeff fitzgerald
About the speaker: Wisconsin Rep. Jeff Fitzgerald, R-Horicon, is the speaker of the state Assembly. He was elected to the Assembly in 2000. His brother is Wisconsin state Senate Majority Leader Scott Fitzgerald. In October 2011, Jeff Fitzgerald ran unsuccessfully for U.S. Senate in 2012.
Date: February 22, 2011
Location: national
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: an interview on the Fox News Channel
Fact-check justification: "The effects of the legislation on the two parties (legislators/public workers) is truly dissimilar." In short, Fitzgerald said the legislators who will vote on Walker's bill would have to give up the same amount of pay. Aside from the collective bargaining issues, Walker's plan would make state employees pay more for health and pension benefits. And according to the bill, elected officials would take the same hits. We rate Fitzgerald's  .
Statement: Under Cuccinelli's tax cut plan, "school divisions across Virginia could be forced to fire over 8,000 teachers.
Speaker: terry mcauliffe
About the speaker: Terry McAuliffe, a Democrat, was elected governor of Virginia on Nov. 5, 2013. He received 47.8 percent of the vote in defeating Republican Ken Cuccinelli, who came in at 45.2 percent. Robert Sarvis, a Libertarian, finished a distant third with 6.5 percent.
McAuliffe's inaguration as Virginia's 72nd governor is scheduled on Jan. 11, 2014.
McAuliffe, a wealthy businessman and noted political fundraiser, was co-chairman of President Bill Clinton's 1996 reelection campaign. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2001 to 2005 and chairman of Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2008. In 2009, McAuliffe unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Virginia governor.
McAuliffe was born in Syracuse, N.Y., on Feb. 9, 1957. He has a bachelor's degree from The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., and a law degree from Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, D.C. McAuliffe has lived in Fairfax County for more than 20 years, is married and has five children.
 
Date: September 12, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: education;state budget;taxes
Context: website posting
Fact-check justification: McAuliffe says that under Cuccinelli’s tax cut plan, "school divisions across Virginia could be force to fire over 8,000 teachers." The  is based on assumptions that ignore Cuccinelli’s promise to offset the $1.4 billion cost of his tax cut by closing tax loopholes and capping the increase of future spending. Cuccinelli has frustrated many by refusing to name any tax exemptions he would eliminate. But a state auditing commission has said the $12 billion or so in tax breaks given by the state each year is fertile ground to find savings. McAuliffe seeks cover for his statement by saying the layoffs "could" happen. That overlooks Cuccinelli’s pledge that he’ll abandon the tax cuts if the legislature is unwilling to pay for them by ending loopholes and limiting spending increases. So McAuliffe’s doomsday estimate only works by twisting Cuccinelli’s plan into an unrecognizable shape. We rate his statement .
Statement: The CDC admits that natural immunity from prior infections is superior to vaccinated immunity alone.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 19, 2022
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A blog post claims, "the CDC admits that natural immunity from prior infections is superior to vaccinated immunity alone."  The post is  and omits key details.  CDC researchers found that during the COVID-19 surge driven by the delta variant, unvaccinated people who had already had the virus were less likely to get COVID-19 than fully vaccinated people who never had the disease. However, the study concluded that unvaccinated people are still at a high risk of reinfection and that the best defense against the virus remains being fully vaccinated.  The study was done prior to the surge from the omicron variant and before COVID-19 vaccine booster shots became widely available.  The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Says Texas Republican leaders "have proposed laying off thousands of teachers.
Speaker: boyd richie
About the speaker: Boyd Richie served three terms as chairman of the Texas Democratic Party. He did not seek re-election in 2012.
Date: December 13, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: education;jobs
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Our sense: One Republican leader -- Combs -- has recommended that lawmakers ease the class-size limit, which she projects would produce significant savings in teacher salaries. But no one has pitched a proposal calling for thousands of teacher layoffs. That’d be political hari-kari. Nevertheless, it stands to reason that larger classes leads to fewer teachers, which gives Richie’s statement an element of . We rate it .
Statement: When I was U.S. Attorney we wound up putting 10 percent of the state Legislature in jail during my seven years.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: June 6, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: crime
Context: a town hall meeting
Fact-check justification: Christie said when he was U.S. Attorney "we wound up putting 10 percent of the state Legislature in jail during my seven years." As the state’s chief federal law enforcement officer, the governor charged scores of public officials with corruption. Five of those officials were sitting state legislators at the time they were charged. All five were later jailed. That’s not a trivial figure, but it’s not 10 percent of the state Legislature. We rate this  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Jaime Harrison is being left off of South Carolina ballots
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 13, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said "Jaime Harrison is being left off of South Carolina ballots." We found no  that Harrison’s name has been left off the ballot, and Harrison’s campaign told us they know of no  showing that, either. Elections officials investigated and said voters using touch screens may be accidentally deselecting Harrison after voting straight-party, but it’s possible to fix such an error before casting a final vote.  We rate this statement .
Statement: Unemployment rate dropped in every state that elected a Republican gov. in 2010
Speaker: john robitaille
About the speaker: John Robitaille made an unsuccessful run for governor in 2010 as a Republican. A graduate of Providence College, Robitaille served five years in the Army, worked in employee and labor relations and served as communications director for Republican Gov. Donald Carcieri.
Date: July 8, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;jobs;states
Context: a Tweet
Fact-check justification: John Robitaille’s Tweet that the unemployment rate had dropped in every state that elected a Republican governor is  as far as it goes. But it is also  that the unemployment rate dropped in seven of the eight states that elected Democratic governors in 2010. The fact that the unemployment rate dropped less than one-half of a percentage point more, on average,  in those states that elected Republican governors hardly seems to support the Examiner headline of: "New Republican governors rapidly bringing down unemployment in their states." Particularly when experts question whether new governors can have any direct impact on an unemployment rate. Considering the unemployment rate has fallen in 49 states in the last year, that’s stretching the statistic pretty thin. We find Robitaille’s  "is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context," our definition of . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Says Nancy Pelosi "won't let Capitol police testify about what happened Jan. 6.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 4, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "This is completely ," said Drew Hammill, deputy chief of staff for Pelosi. He told PolitiFact that the chairman of the committee, Rep. Bennie Thompson, D-Miss., announced on July 1 that the first hearing would be to hear from Capitol police officers.   The Hill reported July 1 that after a meeting in Pelosi’s office, Thompson announced the committee will start its probe with witness testimony from Capitol police officers who were on duty during the Jan. 6 riot.   Thompson didn’t specify which officers the committee would call to appear, according to the Hill, but said "many of us hope to begin the process with a hearing in which the Capitol Police officers themselves could be able to testify about their experiences." We rate this post .
Statement: To vote in Mexico every eligible Mexican citizen has to have a tamper-proof photo-ID card with a thumbprint and an embossed hologram.
Speaker: sid miller
About the speaker: Sid Miller, a former Texas House member, won election as state agriculture commissioner in November 2014.
Date: August 16, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: elections;history;legal issues
Context: a meme posted on his Facebook page
Fact-check justification: Miller said: "To vote in Mexico every eligible Mexican citizen has to have a tamper-proof photo-ID card with a thumbprint and an embossed hologram." Mexico has required secure photo IDs at the polls for nearly 20 years. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Trump's DHS secretary confirms they are preparing to arrest sanctuary city leaders.
Speaker: newsflash
About the speaker: Newsflash is a website that posts content about politics and celebrities but lacks original reporting.
Date: June 13, 2018
Topics: immigration;fake news;homeland security;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Newsflash claimed, "Trump’s DHS secretary confirms they are preparing to arrest sanctuary city leaders." While DHS has asked the Justice Department to look into what charges could be pursued against elected officials from sanctuary cities, DHS’s top official did not go far enough to say arrests were coming. What the DHS secretary said in January was she was not aware of any criminal cases against leaders of cities with policies limiting cooperation with federal immigration authorities. We rate Newsflash’s statement .
Statement: But we're below the national average in number of deaths in nursing homes.
Speaker: andrew cuomo
About the speaker: Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, was elected to his first term as governor of New York in 2010.
Date: January 29, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Cuomo said that New York’s coronavirus-related death toll of nursing home residents was below the national average. Nationally, long-term care residents account for about 37 percent of COVID-19 deaths, according to KFF.  Data from KFF, the federal government and New York state show that New York’s nursing home-related deaths, as a percentage of overall COVID-19 deaths, were below the national average at the time of Cuomo’s . Since then, new data about the deaths of all nursing home residents, regardless of where they died, raised the percentage of nursing home residents among the state's COVID-19 fatalities. It is still slightly below the national average calculated by KFF. While his statement is accurate, there are still inconsistencies among the states in how they calculate their nursing home data, and that needs to be taken into account. So we rate Cuomo’s  .
Statement: Health insurance premiums "have almost doubled ... since 2000.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 17, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Des Moines, Iowa
Fact-check justification: In a speech unveiling her health care plan, Sen. Hillary Clinton said health insurance premiums "have almost doubled — up 80, no, 98 percent since 2000." That's much higher than the rate of inflation. Is it ? The number comes from two reports from the Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust, two groups that conduct an annual survey on employer health benefits. PolitiFact called Kaiser to make sure the methodologies for the two reports were the same, and Kaiser confirmed the 98 percent increase between 2007 and 2000 is correct.
Statement: Cheri Beasley tossed the conviction of a man seeking sex with a boy online and "set free" a child porn offender.
Speaker: national republican senatorial committee
About the speaker: The National Republican Senatorial Committee helps elect Republicans to the U.S. Senate.
Date: June 6, 2022
Location: north carolina
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The NRSC ad said Beasley tossed the conviction of a man "seeking sex with a boy online." It leaves out that the defendant argued that he was entrapped, a detail key to understanding how the case made it to the state Supreme Court. It also misleads people about the effects of Beasley’s ruling. By the time it was handed down, the defendant had already served his prison sentence. And the conviction still appears in state records. The NRSC ad said Beasley "set free" a child porn offender. In this case, the Court of Appeals had already ruled that officials violated the defendant’s right to privacy. The state Supreme Court’s ruling affirmed that decision. And after the Supreme Court’s ruling, the defendant remained in prison for another two years. The statement contains some elements of  about the defendants in the cases but ignores critical facts that would give viewers a different impression of the subject matter and why Beasley ruled the way she did. We rate it .
Statement: Facebook users can avoid "problems with your Facebook going against community standards" by changing your settings.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 21, 2021
Topics: technology;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Even though we had blocked the "Community Standards" account, Facebook still automatically enforced its rules against  news . (Screenshots from Facebook) Facebook spokesperson Kevin McAlister told PolitiFact the post is  to say that users can opt out of the company’s Community Standards. He pointed to this line specifically: "Our Community Standards apply to everyone, all around the world, and to all types of content." The Facebook post is  and . We rate it !