chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: President Obama and Vice President Biden never even tried to fix this (police reforms) during their eight-year period.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 16, 2020
Topics: criminal justice;crime;public safety
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "President Obama and Vice President Biden never even tried to fix this during their eight-year period." The record shows that is not . After the fatal shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson and related racial justice protests, Obama established a task force to examine better policing practices. The Obama administration also investigated patterns or practices of misconduct in police departments and entered into court-binding agreements that require departments to correct misconduct. We rate Trump’s statement .
Statement: Vermont had to "scrap" its single-payer health insurance program because it was "going bankrupt.
Speaker: sean duffy
About the speaker: Sean Duffy is a Republican member of the U.S. House, representing Wisconsin's 7th District in the northwestern part of the state. The former Ashland County district attorney was elected In November 2010, taking the seat previously held by Democratic U.S. Rep. Dave Obey of Wausau.
Date: September 14, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;government regulation;public health
Context: a Facebook Live town hall
Fact-check justification: Our rating Duffy said Vermont had to "scrap" its single-payer health insurance program because it was "going bankrupt." Vermont adopted legislation for single-payer in 2011. But by 2014, Vermont’s governor abandoned the plan, saying the tax increases it needed would have been too high. In short, single-payer in Vermont didn’t go bankrupt; it was never even funded or implemented. We rate Duffy’s statement .
Statement: Former President Donald Trump is the "current sitting" commander in chief.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 20, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Trump did declare himself a "wartime president" in March 2020 as the country tried to stop the spread of COVID-19, then relatively new on the scene.   But only Congress can declare war , and plenty of administrations have mobilized the U.S. National Guard without the expectation that they’d stay in office after they were voted out, as Trump was. The Constitution, meanwhile, clearly states that the president "shall hold his office during the term of four years. "  In a March 18  Social post, Trump even referred to himself as a "former president. "  We rate claims that Trump is still president and commander in chief !
Statement: Says Donald Trump "is going to go out and carpet bomb" the Middle East.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 27, 2016
Location: national
Topics: human rights;iraq;foreign policy;military;terrorism
Context: an appearance on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Biden said that Donald Trump "is going to go out and carpet bomb." Trump has made it clear that he's not going to be reluctant to bomb ISIS, but the candidate has not, as far as we could find, called for a practice that includes bombing civilians, which is what carpet bombing can entail. It was another GOP candidate, Ted Cruz, who called for carpet bombing. We rate Biden's  as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f4590925-b207-4146-81aa-f6940c99f7c6
Statement: Video shows the Jan. 6 Capitol riot was a "completely peaceful protest.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 1, 2021
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The Justice Department has charged more than 400 people in connection with the riot, according to the George Washington University Center on Extremism. The charges against the alleged rioters include violence with a deadly weapon, assault, disorderly conduct, and unlawful possession of firearms. Charging documents say that rioters grabbed a police officer, dragged him and struck him. One rioter used a metal flagpole to attack a police officer.   We rate this post !
Statement: Says William Taylor and George Kent, the public witnesses in the House impeachment inquiry, are "Never Trumpers.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 13, 2019
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a fundraising email
Fact-check justification: Trump said Taylor and Kent are "Never Trumpers."  Both are career foreign policy officials who have served under presidents of both parties. Neither man signed one of the pre-election letters opposing Trump, and leading Never Trumpers told PolitiFact that they never heard of them associating with the group. Both received their current high posts by appointment from the Trump administration. We rate the statement .
Statement: [When I was mayor] Providence was one of the five renaissance cities of America, according to USA Today in those days. Money magazine said it was the fifth best city to live in in America. In addition to that, All Cities Almanac said in 1994, I believe, that it was the safest city in America.
Speaker: vincent "buddy" cianci
About the speaker: Vincent "Buddy" Cianci is a talk-radio host and ex-convict who spent more time serving as mayor of Providence (21 years from 1975 to 2002) than anyone in the city's history. He is the author of "Politics and Pasta: How I Prosecuted Mobsters, Rebuilt a Dying City, Advised a President, Dined with Sinatra, Spent Five Years in a Federally Funded Gated Community, and Lived to Tell the Tale." He was defeated in the 2014 mayoral election when he ran as an independent.
Date: September 30, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: candidate biography;city government;debates
Context: a TV debate
Fact-check justification: In the debate with Democrat Jorge Elorza and Republican Daniel Harrop, Cianci said that Providence was described as a renaissance city during his most recent stint in office and that it was also rated the safest city in America and one of the best places to live. The details are a bit off on a couple of those claims -- where they were made, the actual ranking -- but Cianci is pretty much on the mark. We rate his statement  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Wendy Davis is "fighting to bring ... Bloomberg-style gun control to Texas.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: November 7, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: elections;states;guns
Context: a donation web page
Fact-check justification: Abbott said Davis is "fighting to bring" "Bloomberg-style gun control to Texas." Like Bloomberg, Davis supports background checks for all buyers at gun shows. She has opposed campus-carry measures, but voted to allow concealed weapons locked in vehicles while warning the author not to take it any farther. She has opposed letting the state tell cities or colleges they can’t regulate guns on their property, but voted to let the state pursue injunctions against cities that overstep limitations currently in state law. She joined most of the Senate in voting for three laws simplifying concealed-handgun permit applications. Davis has taken some actions Bloomberg might approve, and others he might not. However, she doesn’t appear, so far, to be "fighting" for tighter gun control if elected governor. We rate Abbott’s partly accurate statement as .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: In America today, women on average are paid 80 cents on the dollar of what men are paid for the same work.
Speaker: kamala harris
About the speaker: Kamala Harris is the vice president of the United States. Harris was elected as a senator from California in 2016. She previously was California’s attorney general from 2011 to 2017. From 2004 until 2011, she was the district attorney of San Francisco. Harris received a bachelor’s degree in political science and economics from Howard University and a J.D. from the University of California, Hastings College of Law. In 2019, she ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in December. On Aug. 11, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden named Harris as his running mate.
Date: May 22, 2019
Location: california
Topics: jobs;women;workers
Context: an interview on CBS's "Late Show with Stephen Colbert"
Fact-check justification: Harris said, "In America today, women on average are paid 80 cents on the dollar of what men are paid for the same work." The 80 percent figure compares pay for all working women to pay for all working men, so it’s  for Harris to characterize it as a comparison between women and men doing the same work. Research has shown a pay gap for women and men doing the same work, but it’s narrower than 80 cents on the dollar. We rate the statement .
Statement: The Iraq war has been "our longest war.
Speaker: bob schieffer
About the speaker: Bob Schieffer is the host of CBS' Face the Nation. He announced April 8, 2015, that he would be retiring in the summer of 2015.
Date: March 22, 2010
Location: national
Topics: history;iraq;military
Context: comments on CBS's Face the Nation
Fact-check justification: "Maybe [Schieffer] figures Iraq will be the longest by the time we eventually leave, which of course is still possible," said Lance Janda, a historian at Cameron University in Lawton, Okla. So it's clear that this is not a black-and-white question. Still, we think there's enough  to say that the Iraq war was not America's "longest war." According to official Defense Department dating, the Revolutionary War, Vietnam and Afghanistan were (or are) all longer. So we rate Schieffer's statement .
Statement: In his election as governor, "We won cities that no Republican had ever won.
Speaker: glenn youngkin
About the speaker: Republican Glenn Youngkin was elected Virginia's governor in November 2021. He defeated Democrat Terry McAuliffe, who was governor from 2014 to 2018.
Youngkin was reared in Richmond and Virginia Beach and won a basketball scholarship at Rice University, where he earned an engineering degree. He earned a MBA from Harvard University. Youngkin worked 25 years at the Carlyle Group, a global private equity firm based in Washington with $230 billion in assets. He retired in 2020 as CEO after taking the company public. His net worth is estimated at $254 million, according to The Washington Post.
Youngkin's 2021 campaign for governor is his first bid for public office.
Date: October 31, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: elections;history
Context: a campaign rally,
Fact-check justification: "  State voting records disprove him. Youngkin won 14 Virginia cities. Each of those cities had been previously won at least once by a Republican gubernatorial candidate since 2009. Each had been won at least twice by a Republican gubernatorial candidate since 1993. We rate Youngkin’s statement .
Statement: In North Carolina, "you can be charged with a class H felony for wearing a mask and concealed carrying.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 23, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: guns;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral Facebook post says "you can be charged with a class H felony for wearing a mask and concealed carrying" in North Carolina. The state’s top Democrat, top Republican and leading gun rights group agree: the  is  and unfounded. We rate this  .
Statement: Contractors hired by government officials to frame Donald Trump are "behind the fake news in mainstream media" and recent protests.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 15, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The theory is baseless. Black Lives Matter protests arose from anger and grief over police killings of unarmed black men. Mueller didn’t find  that Trump knowingly conspired with the Kremlin . And news coverage that scrutinizes the president and his actions isn’t " news" courtesy of some government contractors, but simply journalism. We rate these claims .
Statement: Local Government debt in Texas has increased nearly 40% in the past 5 years.
Speaker: donna campbell
About the speaker: Donna Campbell, a New Braunfels physician, won election to represent Texas Senate District 25 in November 2012. In 2010, she was the Republican nominee for the U.S. House seat held by Democrat Lloyd Doggett of Austin.
Date: May 15, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: debt
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Campbell said local government "debt in Texas has increased nearly 40% in the past 5 years." Campbell's staff said she was referring to an increase in the amount of debt issued by local governments, which has increased about 38% in the past five years. But experts said her tweet was imprecise and left the impression that she was referring to outstanding debt, which has increased about 17% in the past five years. Plus, experts said looking at an increase in overall debt issued by local governments is not the best way to analyze how debt impacts tax rates. We rate this  .
Statement: We have not spoken directly with the whistleblower.
Speaker: adam schiff
About the speaker: Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., is the ranking Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee. He represents California's 28th congressional district and was first elected to Congress in 2001. He is a graduate of Harvard Law School and Stanford University.
Date: September 17, 2019
Location: national
Topics: impeachment
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Schiff said, "We have not spoken directly with the whistleblower." The New York Times and other news organizations later reported that the whistleblower sought guidance from a House Intelligence Committee staffer before formally lodging the complaint. We rate this statement .
Statement: BLM rioters just burned down a black church in a black community with a BLM sign out front.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 25, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: crime;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The church is located in the city’s historic downtown area. It’s not really residential, Carlson said, though it is relatively close to what would be considered a Black neighborhood.   "But I wouldn’t say that we’re in the middle of a Black community," he said. "We’re more in the commerce district." We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Bernie Sanders voted against the Brady Bill -- background checks and waiting periods.
Speaker: generation forward pac
About the speaker: A pro-Martin O'Malley political action committee
Date: June 25, 2015
Location: national
Topics: voting record;guns
Context: an attack ad
Fact-check justification: An attack ad said, "Bernie Sanders voted against the Brady Bill --  background checks and waiting periods." The Brady bill imposed a five-day waiting period for would-be purchasers of handguns. Between 1991 and 1993, Sanders voted against it five times. He did, however, vote for a version of the bill that imposed instant background checks, and against an amendment that repealed state background checks. Experts noted Sanders’ votes were representative of Vermont’s gun owners and gun laws. Since the 1990s, his record on gun control is mixed.   We rate the ad’s  .
Statement: Rhode Island has a [inmate] recidivism rate of over 60 percent.
Speaker: harold metts
About the speaker: Harold M. Metts is a Democratic Rhode Island state senator, representing Providence. He retired  after 31 years working in Providence schools as a teacher, coach and assistant principal. He was first elected to the Senate in 2004 and was a state representative from 1984-1998.
Date: June 6, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: criminal justice;economy;crime
Context: a speech on the floor of the Rhode Island Senate
Fact-check justification: State Sen. Harold Metts said, "Rhode Island has a recidivism rate of over 60 percent." For better or worse, recidivism rates are usually calculated based on how many former inmates are found guilty of a subsequent crime and end up back in prison within three years. The most recent data from the Department of Corrections cover two years and the rate is 42 percent. The most recent study to look at a three-year period, which covered inmates released in 2004, put the rate at 54 percent. The only way to get above 60 percent is to use the older study and look at an entirely different category: the number of ex-convicts who were brought back to the ACI because they had been charged with a new crime or with violating their probation. But that percentage is flawed as well because it includes at least some people who would never have seen a jail cell if they had been able to afford bail. Metts offered his "over 60 percent" as a definitive statistic. It's not. Although most of the measures we saw offered a lower number, those studies only followed the former inmates for three years or less, an artificial cutoff that makes it easier to collect statistics yet doesn't reflect the fact that anyone who goes back to prison after three years is still regarded as a recidivist. The bottom line: the longer inmates are followed, the higher the percentages get. And they get close enough that we regard Metts'  as  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: The Massachusetts Supreme Court...defined marriage as simply, quote, the establishment of intimacy ... I guess that would mean if you really had affection for your horse, I guess you could marry your horse.
Speaker: j.d. hayworth
About the speaker: J.D. Hayworth is a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives and host of a conservative talk radio show. He challenged Sen. John McCain for renomination in the 2010 Republican Senate primary, but was defeated.
Date: March 14, 2010
Location: national
Topics: lgbtq;marriage
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Hayworth prefaced his statement by saying he was making an  point. We'll give him that. It's , all right. It's also . We give this one a, quote, !
Statement: There are more oil rigs in operation in the United States than the rest of the world combined.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: October 16, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: environment;corporations;debt;economy;energy;federal budget;gas prices;infrastructure;government regulation
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: David Cicilline said, "There are more oil rigs in operation in the United States than the rest of the world combined." He said that information comes from "the best available data" in February. He's relying on a count that excludes some of the largest producers of oil and gas in the world, calling that the "best available data." It's not. The best available data would take into account reliable  that two thousand rigs are in operation in China and Russia, a number that would allow the world total to overwhelm the U.S. total. Just because you haven't counted something, doesn't mean it's not there. For that reason, we rate Cicilline's   . (Get updates from PolitiFact Rhode Island on Twitter: @politifactri . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: The same deputy who got shot through her jaw in Saturday's shooting is the same officer seen on video laughing and smirking at the scene of security guard Andres Guardado's death after he was shot and killed by LASD officers on June 18th, 2020.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 14, 2020
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: (We are choosing not to repeat her name since we have not confirmed it.) This timeline squares with the reported timeline of service for the deputies who were shot.   The Daily Mail  spoke with the deputy’s father and published photos from her graduation ceremony. They show she is not the same woman who appears in the Instagram screenshot at the scene of the Guardado shooting. We rate this post .
Statement: While I was working on those streets watching those folks see their jobs shift overseas, you were a corporate lawyer sitting on the board at Wal-Mart.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 21, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: Myrtle Beach, S.C
Fact-check justification: She was appointed to the board in 1986 when her husband was the governor of Arkansas and she served until 1992. As a board member, Clinton pushed for more women in management and a better environmental program, according to a New York Times examination of her work on the board. At the time, she worked as an attorney for the Rose Law Firm, which had many corporate clients such as Wal-Mart and Tyson Foods. Clinton specialized in patent infringement and intellectual property cases. We find Obama has his facts straight and his  is .