chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Under Maggie Hassan's leadership, "we increased state spending in the middle of the great recession by 24 percent leading up to and following it.
Speaker: ovide lamontagne
About the speaker: Ovide Lamontage, a fourth generation New Hampshire resident, ran un nsuccessfully ran for governor in 1996 and sought the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate in 2010, a seat now held by U.S. Sen. Kelly Ayotte.
Lamontage served as legal counsel for the New Hampshire State Senate in 1991. In 1993, he was appointed by then Governor Stephen Merrill as Chairman of the New Hampshire State Board of Education, where he served until 1996, when he resigned to run for governor.
In 2003, as an attorney representing the  Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester, he negotiated the settlement between the diocese and the alleged victims of childhood sexual abuse at the hands of priests. The settlement spared the diocese from being criminally charged by the New Hampshire Attorney General's Office. 
Date: September 27, 2012
Location: new hampshire
Topics: state budget
Context: a debate at Rivier University
Fact-check justification: In trying to paint his challenger as a big spender, Lamontagne pointed to four years of state budgets when Hassan was in the Senate. While the proposed budgets show a 24 percent increase from all sources, total spending went up by 20 percent, which is slightly less. And looking at the money state budget writers have the most control over -- funds spent from state taxes and fees -- spending actually went down a hair, since the Democrats twice reopened the budget to make cuts.   Based on this analysis, we find the  of state spending having gone up 24 percent to be .
Statement: Says a video shows Joe Biden lolling his tongue.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 28, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Both Biden and Trump have published deceptively edited campaign videos attacking one another. In those cases, the ads used clips that omitted context. They did not transform footage altogether as this widely shared altered video does. The Facebook video is  and . We rate it !
Statement: Wisconsin is one of the few states that doesn't allow absentee ballots to be processed before Election Day.
Speaker: tim carpenter
About the speaker: Timothy W. Carpenter is a Democratic member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 3rd District since 2003. He earlier served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1985 through 2003. 
Date: December 11, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;states
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Carpenter said Wisconsin is one of the few states that don’t allow absentee ballots to be processed before Election Day. However we define that processing, it’s clear Wisconsin in the extreme minority. Just a handful of states ban election workers from beginning work on absentee ballots before Election Day. We rate this  .
Statement: Congresswoman Bachmann actually said we should be 'weaned' off our Social Security and Medicare. She wants to privatize Social Security and replace Medicare with some kind of voucher system.
Speaker: americans united for change
About the speaker: A liberal advocacy group, Americans United For Change states on its Web site that it was founded in 2005 to fend off President Bush's plan to privatize Social Security. In 2006, the organization "broadened its scope to build broad public and congressional support for action on a wide range of long-stalled policy issues."
Date: February 18, 2010
Location: national
Topics: medicare;social security
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: The group said that Bachmann wants to wean people off Medicare and Social Security, which is . But the group is exaggerating in the second part of its  that Bachmann wants to "privatize Social Security and replace Medicare with some kind of voucher system that won’t even cover the full cost of medical care or prescriptions." To date, Bachmann has no specific proposal for how she would like to overhaul the two entitlement programs. Rather, she mentioned a separate proposal made by fellow Republican Paul Ryan, though she's made no commitments to his -- or anyone else's -- plan. As a result, we find the Americans United for Change  .
Statement: Says Gov. Greg Abbott offered the uncle of a Uvalde shooting victim money to say "we don't need stronger gun laws.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: May 26, 2022
Location: texas
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The publication also contacted the Twitter account about the , and the unidentified person behind it told The Daily Beast that it had been hacked. We couldn’t verify whether that really happened. But The Daily Beast and other journalists have noted that this account has made a number of claims in connection with tragic circumstances the past, such as that a sheriff in eastern Washington state killed another nephew, that he needed financial assistance for colon cancer treatments, that he suffered a stroke, was placed in a medically induced coma, received approval for assisted suicide, and that his body was "struggling to accept its new liver." The account has also said that he received "the Purple Heart in Afghanistan," where he was shot in the chest , and that he was a "9/11 first responder."    We rate these tweets about Abbott !
Statement: Says pre-cut onion used to cook the following day "becomes highly poisonous for even a single night and creates toxic bacteria which may cause adverse stomach infections because of excess bile secretions and even food poisoning.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 15, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An old myth circulating online warns consumers that pre-chopping an onion to cook the following day is dangerous because it "becomes highly poisonous" and "creates toxic bacteria." Any vegetable can become contaminated with bacteria if it isn’t handled or stored properly. Onions do not attract bacteria more than other vegetables and actually inhibit pathogen growth.  We rate this  .
Statement: Americans spend "6.1 billion hours a year" on tax preparation.
Speaker: virginia foxx
About the speaker: Virginia Foxx is a Republican member of the House of Representatives from North Carolina.
Date: April 15, 2014
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a comment on Twitter
Fact-check justification: Foxx said, "6.1 billion hours a year, just to figure out how much money the government is going to take."   The number came from the Taxpayer Advocate Service’s 2013 report to Congress, which stated that  individuals and businesses spent 6.1 billion hours preparing their taxes.   It’s important to note that the figure is an estimate. It comes from taking the number of tax forms filed in the last year and multiplying it by the IRS’s estimate of the time it takes to prepare the forms. Foxx’s larger point, that it takes a very long time for Americans to comply with filing their federal taxes, is accurate. The number is an estimate, but it’s from a credible, independent report. We rate this statement .
Statement: Chickens aren't laying eggs because RNA is being added to commercial chicken feed.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: January 19, 2023
Location: national
Topics: animals;food;facebook fact-checks
Context: a TikTok post
Fact-check justification: A TikTok video claims that RNA is being added to feed and that’s why chickens aren’t laying eggs.  RNA is a naturally occurring nucleic acid found in all living cells. There’s no  that any synthetic version of it is being added to commercial chicken feed, or that it’s causing a sudden drop in the number of eggs hens are laying.  Reasons for sudden egg production drops may include management mistakes, improper chicken nutrition, parasite infection, disease and stress, experts said.  We rate this .  RELATED: No, mRNA vaccines aren’t widely used in livestock and can't get into the food supply   RELATED : Eggflation? Social media post scrambles the facts on high egg prices RELATED: The Bill Gates egg shortage conspiracy isn’t all it’s cracked up to be
Statement: The majority support (raising) the minimum wage.
Speaker: katrina vanden heuvel
About the speaker: Katrina vanden Heuvel is the editor of The Nation.
Date: March 16, 2014
Topics: economy;elections;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Vanden Heuvel said most Americans support raising the minimum wage. The polls confirm it. About two-thirds of the public consistently say boosting the minimum wage to $10.10 is a good idea and as many as a half of all voters say they are more likely to vote for a candidate who backs that increase. But how much a candidate’s position on the minimum wage matters in the polling booth is much less clear. The minimum wage is not top of mind except for a small fraction of voters. Still, vanden Heuvel's specific  is accurate. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says carbon monoxide is still employed to euthanize dogs and cats in 29 Texas animal shelters.
Speaker: kirk watson
About the speaker: Kirk Watson, who initially won his seat in the Texas Senate in 2006, was previously mayor of Austin. Earlier, he served on the Texas Air Control Board, precursor to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. He was the 2002 Democratic nominee for Texas attorney general.
Date: March 19, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: animals;crime
Context: a news article
Fact-check justification: Watson said 29 cities use carbon monoxide to euthanize dogs and cats. That’s supported by an advocacy group’s survey research, it appears, though the total also has gone down by more than 10 cities since 2011, according to the group. We rate this  as .
Statement: Do you know that, statistically, when you take the SAT a second time, one third of the people that take the SAT, even if they've been studying, will get a lower score than they did the first time around?
Speaker: larry valencia
About the speaker: Larry Valencia, a Democrat, is a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives, representing portions of Richmond, Exeter and Hopkinton. He is a freelance medical and technical writer.
Date: March 19, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: children;education
Context: radio interview
Fact-check justification: State Rep. Larry Valencia, D-Richmond, said, "Do you know that, statistically, when you take the SAT a second time, one third of the people that take the SAT, even if they've been studying, will get a lower score than they did the first time around?" Figures from the College Board confirm that. We give Valencia the highest score on the -O-Meter test:   . (For the record, Valencia reported that he got a 73 percent on the NECAP sample math test portion, which would be a "3," or "proficient," with just 4 of the 50 adults getting a higher score.) (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: John McCain's health care plan "won't guarantee coverage of cancer screenings or maternity care.
Speaker: planned parenthood
About the speaker: Planned Parenthood Federation of America identifies itself as the nation's leading women's health care provider, educator, and advocate, serving women, men, teens, and families. The Planned Parenthood Action Fund is an independent, nonpartisan, not-for-profit organization formed as the advocacy and political arm of Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Planned Parenthood Votes is a super PAC affiliated with Planned Parenthood.
 
Date: October 24, 2008
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: "It's very different from what we have right now." Planned Parenthood's ad says that McCain's plan doesn't "guarantee" coverage of cancer screenings or maternity care, and on a literal level, that's . But Planned Parenthood's deeper point is that some people have a "guarantee" under their respective state's current laws, and they could lose that guarantee under McCain's plan. McCain's plan has no literal guarantees for coverage, and Planned Parenthood makes an additional case that his regulations could undermine existing state guarantees. On that basis, we rate Planned Parenthood Action Fund's statement .
Statement: WHO now saying you do not need to wear a mask.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 25, 2021
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: "  A page on the WHO’s website that was last updated on Dec. 1 offers guidance on when, where and why people should wear masks, which the site describes as "a key measure to suppress transmission and save lives." The WHO recommends medical masks for health workers in clinical settings, anyone feeling unwell, people waiting for COVID-19 test results, people caring for someone with a confirmed or suspected case of COVID-19, people 60 and older, and people with underlying health conditions.    For everyone else in the general public, non-medical fabric face coverings are OK, according to the WHO.   We rate this blog post .
Statement: The minimum number of infrastructure (needs) in Atlanta is $900 million.
Speaker: kasim reed
About the speaker: Kasim Reed is Mayor of Atlanta.
Date: July 29, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: city government
Context: press conference
Fact-check justification: The understanding is that more money would be requested from voters down the road, she said. A final list of proposed projects for the referendum is expected by November or December. To summarize: Reed said the city has infrastructure needs that will cost at least $900 million. That’s a conservative estimate based on studies and previous comments by him and others. We rate Reed’s statement as .
Statement: The Milwaukee County Board's staff grew from four workers to 38 over four decades and now costs taxpayers "a lot more," while the total county workforce was more than cut in half in the same period.
Speaker: chris abele
About the speaker: Chris Abele is Milwaukee County Executive, a position he won in an April 2011 special election to finish out the final year of the term of Scott Walker, who was elected governor in November 2010. The election was the first attempt at political office for Abele, a Milwaukee philanthropist and business owner.
The office is nonpartisan, but Abele has indicated he is a Democrat.
Date: January 18, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: county budget;county government
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The system dates to 1960, when John Doyne became the first elected county executive. Our rating Abele said the County Board’s staff grew from three or four workers to 38 since the 1970s, and now costs taxpayers "a lot more," while the total county workforce was more than cut in half in the same period. He slightly overstates the growth in Board staff, and the time frame needs some clarification, but it’s accurate to say the County Board staff has grown notably since the early 1970s. And even in inflation-adjusted dollars, the board costs a lot more today than in 1970, from a budget standpoint, even though there are fewer elected supervisors. We rate Abele’s statement .
Statement: President Trump, COVID-19 coronavirus: U.S. cases 1,329; U.S. deaths, 38; panic level: mass hysteria. President Obama, H1N1 virus: U.S. cases, 60.8 million; U.S. deaths, 12,469; panic level: totally chill. Do you all see how the media can manipulate your life.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 13, 2020
Topics: corrections and updates;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a viral image
Fact-check justification: The impact in the United States of swine flu might appear much worse than COVID-19, but it lasted for a year, whereas the coronavirus has been here only about two months. And while it’s too soon to calculate how deadly COVID-19 will be, two experts told us it is clearly more deadly than H1N1. This statement contains an element of  in that the figures quoted were accurate at the time they were posted, but the post ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this . Correction, March 19, 2020: An earlier version of this story contained a typo in the first paragraph that mischaracterized the  being made in the viral image. The story has been updated.
Statement: Says "in Oregon only 41 percent of adults have ever been tested" for HIV.
Speaker: alissa keny-guyer
About the speaker: Alissa Keny-Guyer represents Oregon House District 46.
Date: February 21, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: public health
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification: While speaking about a bill that seeks to raise the rate of HIV testing in Oregon, Keny-Guyer told colleagues that "only 41 percent of adults have ever been tested." The most recent statewide number is actually a bit lower -- 37 percent. But Keny-Guyer used a correct statistic, it was just a year old. We don't consider that significant enough to downgrade our ruling. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Bill Daley, as part of former Gov. Bruce Rauner's transition team, wrote "the blueprint" for record Springfield gridlock.
Speaker: susana mendoza
About the speaker: Susana Mendoza is the Illinois comptroller. Mendoza served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2001-2010, before becoming the first woman to be elected city clerk of Chicago in February 2011. 
Date: February 13, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: state budget
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Susana Mendoza’s ad says that as part of the governor’s transition team, Bill Daley wrote "the blueprint" for what she calls Rauner’s "four years of crisis and destruction." Daley helped produce a report that outlined general priorities for Rauner’s incoming administration on a long list of issues. But there is no  that document, which was heavy on generalities but extremely light on concrete policy recommendations, guided Rauner’s later actions that contributed to two years of gridlock with the Democrat-controlled General Assembly over how to govern the state. Mendoza's  that Daley laid the framework for Rauner’s role in the state’s protracted budget impasse boils down to a broad accusation of guilt by association. We rate it .  — The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says "Every single person who has cancer has a pH that is too acidic," and claims Dr. Otto Warburg won the Nobel Prize for proving that cancer can't survive in an alkaline-rich environment and thrives in an acidic, low oxygen environment.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 5, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A  recently posted on Facebook says "every single person who has cancer has a pH that is too acidic" and that Dr. Warburg’s research proved cancer cannot survive in an alkaline environment. The human body’s pH varies, so it is not possible for a person to simply have a universal pH that is "too acidic." And while it is correct that cancer thrives better in acidic conditions versus alkaline, cancerous cells are known to help produce the acidic environment themselves. We rate this  . Correction: Dr. Otto Warburg won the Nobel Prize in 1931, not the Nobel Peace Prize. This story has been updated.
Statement: There's still about $400 billion or $500 billion of the stimulus plan that has not been spent. Why don't we stop it.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: August 8, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;stimulus;taxes
Context: an interview on NBC's 'Meet the Press'
Fact-check justification: Another $25 billion has been awarded but isn’t under contract yet. And the final $25 billion is in the process of being awarded. So it would be possible to put the brakes on some of the stimulus funding, though it would likely anger folks who have received awards or who are well into the process of applying for awards. But there's not nearly as much unspent -- and that could conceivably be used to offset the expense of extending the Bush tax cuts -- as Boehner suggested. We rate his  .
Statement: Coal production up 7.8% in past year. Down 31.5% last 10 years. #endingwaroncoal.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 31, 2017
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said that coal production rose 7.8 percent since 2016. The number tracks back to a government forecast, which is less certain than actual production figures. But based on data for the first nine months of 2017, the increase was even higher -- 12 percent compared to the same period a year earlier. Trump tied the increase to the theme of "ending the war on coal." The research we found said shifts in the price of natural gas and foreign demand are the primary drivers, not government regulation. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Obama "refuses to recognize Jerusalem" as the capital of Israel.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: August 5, 2012
Location: national
Topics: israel;foreign policy;message machine 2012
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The ad says Obama "refuses to recognize Jerusalem" as the capital of Israel. As a candidate, Obama identified Jerusalem as Israel’s capital. But as president since then, he has shied away from making statements that could be perceived as taking sides in the ongoing peace process. That’s not so much a refusal on his part but a continuation of the line taken before him by previous presidents. Formally, the United States does not recognize any state as having sovereignty over Jerusalem. Both the state department and CIA under his administration note Jerusalem as Israel’s capital, with a footnote attached. Romney’s ad portrays Obama’s position as a betrayal of an ally. That’s . We rate it .