chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: I don't think that Rudy or Fred or John McCain support the marriage amendment.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: September 14, 2007
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;lgbtq
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: A constitutional amendment would preempt any judicial challenge to the existing law. A spokesman for Giuliani said the former mayor "does not support a federal marriage amendment at this time." Giuliani told CNN's Larry King in February 2007 that he would not support a constitutional amendment, "unless all of a sudden lots of states do what Massachusetts does and kind of come at it from the other side and decide that the Constitution says that -- that you cannot have marriage between a man and a woman. If it stays the way it is, you don't need one." We find Romney's statement on his opponents to be  because he is accurately describing their positions.
Statement: Obama used $20 million in federal money "to emmigrate (sic) Hamas Refugees to the USA.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: May 2, 2009
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: Nevertheless, the following day, Kyl withdrew the amendment after receiving a letter from the Department of State, which he entered into the Senate record. The letter, from Michael C. Polt, acting assistant secretary of state, states that the $20.3 million drawn from the Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund (ERMA) "will be used to provide humanitarian assistance to Palestinian refugees and conflict victims in Gaza. None of these funds will be used to resettle Gazans in the United States." And yet, the chain e-mails live on. Like so many chain e-mails we are asked to check, we throw this one on the  heap.
Statement: Clicking on this link in a text message lets sex traffickers track you.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 24, 2020
Topics: crime;technology;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Al Pascual, chief operating officer and co-founder of Breach Clarity, which develops identity theft protection tools, told us that these kinds of messages aren’t unusual as scammers are broadening how they attack consumers. The texts in the Facebook posts, he said, "would create little risk for ‘tracking’ the recipient because of the difficulty inherent in delivering and subsequently installing the necessary malware on mobile devices." Rather, these kinds of messages are often designed to direct people to spam sites that sell goods or services or solicit personal information under  pretenses, Pascual said.   We recommend that anyone who receives these kinds of texts block the number that sent them. We rate the  that these texts are tied to sex trafficking .
Statement: Florida seniors are exempt" from losing Medicare Advantage under the federal health care bill.
Speaker: george pataki
About the speaker: Republican George Pataki served three terms as governor of New York. He has announced that he is running for president in 2016.
  
Date: September 8, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: medicare
Context: Washington, D.C
Fact-check justification: Ashkenaz, after reading Pataki's , responded in an email: "there is nothing in the Affordable Care Act that impacts MA (Medicare Advantage) in this way." Let's review: Does "Gator-Aid" exist in the form of a special deal for Florida seniors and Medicare Advantage? U.S. Sen. Bill Nelson's spokesman said that Nelson tried to get a break for a few high-cost areas including parts of Florida, but that provision was repealed in the final version of the law. The experts we spoke to are adamant and unanimous that Pataki's description is . We rate this  .
Statement: We got to almost universal coverage in health care in Colorado.
Speaker: john hickenlooper
About the speaker: John Hickenlooper is a former governor of Colorado. Hickenlooper served as a governor from 2011 to 2019. From 2003 until 2011, he was mayor of Denver. He received a bachelor’s degree in English from Wesleyan University and a master’s degree in geology from Wesleyan University. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in August.
Date: March 31, 2019
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Hickenlooper said, "We got to almost universal coverage in health care in Colorado." Though Colorado is much closer to universal health care coverage than before the Affordable Care Act, hundreds of thousands of Coloradans remain uninsured and other states have even lower uninsured rates. Nevertheless, the state has an uninsured rate of 6.5%, which is close to universal coverage, as Hickenlooper said. The state achieved this by expanding Medicaid and running its own health care marketplace. We rate the  .
Statement: If Trump gets his way, Social Security benefits will run out in just three years from now.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 1, 2020
Location: national
Topics: social security
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The Biden ad said, "If Trump gets his way, Social Security benefits will run out in just three years from now." The Social Security chief actuary did say that if the Social Security portion of the payroll tax were eliminated, the program would run out of money in three years. Absent any response by Congress, the program would be unable to pay benefits. But the chief actuary also said he was unaware that anyone planned to end the payroll tax. The Trump campaign says there is no plan to do so. Trump has said he wants to terminate the tax. That would put the program under great financial stress. But Trump said he would look to Congress to maintain the program and draw on general revenues — potentially in excess of $1 trillion a year — to replenish any lost funds.  Overall, Trump’s comments suggest he wants a fully funded Social Security program, but he doesn’t want the taxes that pay for it. This is contradictory, but it doesn’t mean he wants Social Security to run out of money in three years.  We rate the  .
Statement: A video shows Joe Biden "looking at books about dementia.
Speaker: youtube videos
About the speaker: Videos uploaded to YouTube.
Date: March 13, 2020
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: This clip was manipulated to include the sign and is from November 2012, when Biden was vice president and attended the grand opening of the first Costco Wholesale store in Washington, D.C. In the full video, Biden can be heard saying he is buying children’s books for the "Book Buddies" reading program that was started by his wife , Jill Biden. This clip was manipulated to make it look like Biden was picking up books about dementia. He wasn’t. We rate the doctored clip !
Statement: TikTok video shows Russian soldiers parachuting into Ukraine.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: February 24, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a TikTok video
Fact-check justification: It is more than five years old, shared on Instagram Aug. 25, 2015. The TikTok and Instagram accounts that posted the video have the same username. NBC News said the video depicts a training exercise, but did not specify where it happened.   TikTok removed the video, but not before others shared it — sometimes with claims that it depicted the Ukraine invasion, as one journalist pointed out on Twitter . Claims that this video depicts Russian soldiers invading Ukraine are .
Statement: Says Gerald Daugherty is endorsed by the Austin American-Statesman.
Speaker: austin board of realtors pac
About the speaker: The Austin Board of Realtors, which had more than 11,000 members as of November 2016, endorses and supports candidates through its PAC.
Date: October 29, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: county government;elections
Context: a mailer spotted by an Austin voter
Fact-check justification: ABOR’s mailer says Daugherty is endorsed by the American-Statesman . The newspaper did not endorse Daugherty or any candidate before the November 2016 general election after editors earlier announced the paper wouldn’t endorse candidates going forward. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/cb90665b-e2b8-4b14-86f5-1da3303b75b3
Statement: Right here (in West Virginia), they are building new houses … so that 321 Syrian Muslims can move down into this neighborhood in two months. … (A funeral home) is to be torn down in two months, and a mosque is going to built there.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 5, 2019
Location: west virginia
Topics: immigration;housing;race and ethnicity
Context: posts on the Internet
Fact-check justification: The 2017 video said that in West Virginia, "they are building new houses … so that 321 Syrian Muslims can move down into this neighborhood in two months. … (A funeral home) is to be torn down in two months and a mosque is going to built there." While the area was indeed being renovated, it was because the old buildings were in poor repair and not for the benefit of refugees. In fact, government data shows that not a single Syrian refugee was resettled in Charleston in 2017, and even including all of West Virginia the number of Syrian refugees was a tiny fraction of the number claimed. The funeral home, meanwhile, has not become a mosque. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says "Dan McCready took money from Ilhan Omar
Speaker: dan bishop
About the speaker: Dan Bishop is a North Carolina state Senator who represents Mecklenburg County in District 39. In 2019, he was a candidate for North Carolina's 9th Congressional District.
Date: July 17, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a speech at a Trump rally
Fact-check justification: We rate it   . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide. To offer ideas for fact checks, email [email protected]
Statement: J.D. Vance "wants to defund law enforcement.
Speaker: tim ryan
About the speaker: Tim Ryan is a representative of Ohio’s 13th Congressional District. Ryan served the state’s 17th Congressional District from 2003 until 2013, when he assumed office to represent the 13th District. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president. In 2022, he is running for an Ohio U.S. Senate seat.
Date: June 15, 2022
Location: ohio
Topics: criminal justice;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Ryan said Vance "wants to defund law enforcement." Vance wants to defund the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, a federal law enforcement agency. In January, he retweeted a tweet that said the FBI "needs to be defunded and eliminated."  Broadly, Vance has not said he wants to defund all law enforcement agencies. We rate Ryan’s  . PolitiFact staff researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report. RELATED: Fact-checking ads in the 2022 campaigns RELATED: Ohio fact-checks
Statement: A law was passed, apparently in the Clinton administration, about whether, in recruiting offices … Marines or other military should be able to have guns. Apparently it is prohibited.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: July 17, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: military;guns
Context: Carson City, Nevada
Fact-check justification: Bush said that "a law was passed, apparently in the Clinton administration, about whether, in recruiting offices … Marines or other military should be able to have guns. Apparently it is prohibited." The Department of Defense issued a directive, not a law, in 1992 -- when Bush’s father was president. It did not ban firearms outright; it limited them to military personnel who held certain jobs, such as positions in law enforcement. And while the Army issued a regulation implementing that directive in 1993 -- two months after Clinton was in office -- experts say it is not the sort of matter that would typically rise to the attention of a president. Bush has a point that, for the most part, military personnel can’t have firearms at recruiting offices. But most of everything else he said was . We rate this  .
Statement: Why should you get a break for racehorses and not get a break for child care?
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: June 11, 2019
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Iowa
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "Why should you get a break for racehorses and not get a break for child care?" Biden wants a larger tax break for working parents, but his statement creates a  impression that none currently exists. The child care tax credit, which was not changed by the 2017 bill signed by Trump, gives a tax credit to parents who paid for day care, after school care or summer camp for a child under age 13. Usually the credit applies to 20% of expenses up to $3,000 for a child. Separately, the tax bill did increase the child tax credit. As for horses, the tax bill allows a write-off for purchasing a racehorse (among other items) in the first year. Biden’s  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Says Joe Biden's inauguration was fake and he is not the legitimate president.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 23, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A conspiracy theory circulating on social media says that Biden’s inauguration was  and that he isn’t the real president. The  is paltry. Biden was legally inaugurated as the 46th U.S. president on Jan. 20. We rate the claims ! RELATED: Pro-Trump lawyer falsely claims Biden is an ‘illegal president’
Statement: California's Senate Bill 107 means "your child can now be taken from your custody if you do not affirm gender-reassignment surgery.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 29, 2022
Location: california
Topics: health care;lgbtq;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that a recently signed California law dealing with gender-affirming care for transgender youth will allow that state to take custody of a child from a parent.  Experts said that’s not so. The bill clarifies that California courts have jurisdiction to hear any custody cases related to a child being taken to the state to seek gender-affirming health care. It does not say that the courts can take custody of a child.  We rate this  .
Statement: The Republican Party has "21 percent party ID and shrinking.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: May 5, 2009
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: During similar time frames, Democrats have seen small upticks or been flat. Pew showed independents increasing from 30 percent in 2004 to 36 percent in 2009. So the DNC is right that the number of voters identifying themselves as Republicans has been declining. But 21 percent is from the low end of accepted estimates. So we rate their statement .
Statement: Until the new Iran deal, China and Russia "have never voted with us at the U.N. on any sanctions on Iran in the past.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: January 13, 2016
Location: national
Topics: china;history;nuclear
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: "Many times in the recent past, these countries have not supported sanctioning Iran," he said. "Frequently, efforts to sanction Iran were abandoned before a formal vote because any one nation on the UN Security Council has a veto." That may be the case, but Pelosi's statement was absolute: China and Russia "have never voted with us at the U.N. on any sanctions on Iran in the past." That's  . We rate her statement  !
Statement: For at least a year now, I have called for two additional brigades, perhaps three.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 20, 2008
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: Afghanistan
Fact-check justification: As president, I would deploy at least two additional brigades to Afghanistan to re-enforce our counterterrorism operations and support NATO's efforts against the Taliban." That speech was the first time we could find of Obama specifically advocating for more brigades to Afghanistan. Technically speaking, the time from his speech on Aug. 1, 2007, to his more recent statement is 10 days short of a year. But it's pretty darn close, and it's likely that speech reflected policy crafted over a longer period than 10 days. So we find his statement .
Statement: Margaret Sanger, founder of Planned Parenthood, referred to Black women as weeds that needed to be plucked from their garden, and was a supporter of the Ku Klux Klan and a Democrat.
Speaker: peggy hubbard
About the speaker: Peggy Hubbard is an Illinois Republican who ran for U.S. Senate in 2020 and 2022.
Date: May 3, 2022
Topics: abortion
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Hubbard said Sanger referred to Black women as weeds that needed to be plucked from their garden, and was a supporter of the KKK and a Democrat But Sanger never made that statement about Black women, according to historians and multiple fact-checks. Sanger made remarks about "human weeds" that most people would find objectionable now, but she did not link the comments to any race or ethnicity. And Sanger did speak before the Women of the Ku Klux Klan, a group connected to the KKK, but she did so in her role as an advocate for birth control and not as a supporter. She was not a Democrat, but a member of the Socialist Party. We rate this  .
Statement: The federal government owns about half of the West, yet it continues to acquire more land.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: October 21, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: environment;federal budget
Context: a post on his website
Fact-check justification: Bush said, "The federal government owns about half of the west, yet it continues to acquire more land." He’s right that Washington owns about 47 percent of the land in the 11 most Western states. Government agencies also continue to request funds for land acquisitions, although the major source for these transactions recently expired. The federal government routinely acquires and disposes of land, but overall has less acreage now than it did 25 years ago. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says a video captures sound from the surface of Mars
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 16, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Meanwhile, the Curiosity rover doesn’t have microphones, and the sound effects were edited in. The 1.8-billion pixel panorama of the surface of Mars was taken between Nov. 24 and Dec. 1, 2019, and was identified by NASA as the source of the clip’s imagery. The space agency told the Associated Press that Curiosity doesn’t have any sound from Mars. NASA has picked up seismic vibrations from the planet in the past, but said it hasn’t yet recorded sounds from the surface using microphones.   These posts are .