chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The Republican leader of the Senate said his main goal after this election is simply to win the next one.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 30, 2010
Location: national
Topics: bipartisanship;economy
Context: his weekly address
Fact-check justification: We're going to do everything -- and I mean everything -- we can do, to kill it, stop it, slow it down." We think Obama's comment leaves the impression Boehner's "not a time for compromise" statement was more general in nature -- as opposed to being specifically targeted at the health care bill. As for McConnell's comment "The single most important thing we want to achieve is for President Obama to be a one-term president," that sounds an awful lot like Obama's summation that "his main goal after this election is simply to win the next one." But while McConnell said it, Obama left out an important detail -- that McConnell also said in the same interview that he is willing to meet the president halfway. That leads us to a ruling of .
Statement: One man (New Castle, Del., County Executive, Chris Coons) thought property taxes should be hiked almost 50 percent.
Speaker: christine o'donnell
About the speaker: Christine O’Donnell is a Delaware politician who gained notoriety in the aftermath of her upset of Rep. Mike Castle in the 2010 Republican U.S. Senate primary. She went on to lose in the general election to Democrat Chris Coons. O’Donnell had previously waged losing U.S. Senate campaigns in 2006 and 2008.
Date: October 11, 2010
Location: national
Topics: message machine 2010;taxes
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: Our only beef with the  in the O'Donnell ad is the whole "one man" theme. "One man who stood against the tide and raised taxes," the ad says. " ... One man thought property taxes should be hiked almost 50 percent." In fact, all of Coons' budget proposals were approved by a majority of the County Council. And so we knock the ad's  down to a .
Statement: Worldwide data has confirmed the vaccinated are developing COVID vaccine-induced Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 6, 2022
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "AIDS has only one cause, HIV," Michael Imperiale, a professor in the microbiology and immunology department at the University of Michigan, told us. "This is because HIV replication destroys the immune system. This is why HIV-infected people are given antiviral drugs, to prevent them from getting AIDS." Dr. David Wohl, an infectious disease expert specializing in HIV research at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, said there’s "no way" any COVID-19 vaccine can cause an HIV infection or AIDS.   We rate this post .
Statement: The projected $1.8 billion state budget shortfall for 2015-'17 "actually comes from an assumption based on zero growth. That just doesn't happen.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: October 17, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: That just doesn’t happen." The calculation is based on zero growth, so there’s an element of  in Walker’s . But his main point was to make the zero-growth assumption seem unrealistic, and on that he misfired. Recent history, including one year under Walker, shows that negative or flat growth is not uncommon. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says the treasurer's office has "saved $37 million in management costs for the oversight of public investments.
Speaker: ted wheeler
About the speaker: Ted Wheeler is Oregon state treasurer.
Date: April 3, 2012
Location: oregon
Context: campaign website
Fact-check justification: A third-party report showed that Oregon paid $39 million less in fees than its peers. But just because a peer group spent more than Oregon doesn’t mean Oregon was ever at risk of spending that much. Moreover, a key reason for our lower-than-peer-average fees is that our private investments are older, a crop of decisions that have nothing to do with Wheeler. These are critical facts that would give a different impression of the savings statement. We find the statement .
Statement: Emails show "Fauci's fellow scientist could tell early on that the (coronavirus) looked manufactured.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 2, 2021
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post says, "Fauci's fellow scientist could tell early on that the (coronavirus) looked manufactured." The only email that came close to matching that  noted that while some  suggested the virus might be man-made, more work was needed and that opinion could change. The email presented a possibility — a starting point for more research — not a conclusion. The man who wrote that email concluded that the virus developed naturally in a scientific journal article in March 2020. We rate this  . RELATED: Debating the origins of the COVID-19 virus: What we know, and don’t know
Statement: The reason we have a national debt is not because of defense spending. What is driving our long-term debt are Medicare and Social Security programs.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: November 20, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: debt;medicare;military;social security
Context: a speech at American Enterprise Institute
Fact-check justification: Rubio said in a speech, "The reason we have a national debt is not because of defense spending. What is driving our longterm debt are Medicare and Social Security programs." Rubio is correct that Medicare and Social Security are drivers of our debt -- but there are other factors, too, including Medicaid and interest, economists said. Also, defense spending isn’t entirely off the hook. While Medicare and Social Security are projected to grow as a percentage of GDP, defense is projected to shrink by the same measurement -- but defense is a factor in our debt, albeit a far lesser one. We rate this  .
Statement: Women who have miscarriages could be investigated by police" under legislation supported by Republican state Senate candidate Rick Gudex.
Speaker: greater wisconsin committee
About the speaker: The Greater Wisconsin Committee is a liberal group active in Wisconsin state politics, from legislative races to statewide offices. It receives money from a variety of sources, including labor unions. Its campaign ads are typically done through the Greater Wisconsin Political Fund.
Date: October 1, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: abortion;message machine 2012
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The  stems from an endorsement from Pro-Life Wisconsin and relates to Gudex’s support of all its positions, including supporting a "personhood amendment." Gudex has said he wants changes to the personhood amendment that was introduced in the last session, but hasn’t said what alternative he would support. But that language did not mandate investigation of miscarriages, as the ad suggests. The  is based on an extrapolation of what could happen, but even the group’s director said such an investigation would be because "someone believed someone did something ," not simply because a miscarriage occurred. We rate the  .
Statement: Says President Donald Trump's hold on Ukraine aid was like when "the Obama administration withheld $585 million of promised aid to Egypt in 2013 ... (and within the  fiscal year) they didn't have to disclose the halt to anyone.
Speaker: jay sekulow
About the speaker: Jay Sekulow is an attorney.
Date: January 22, 2020
Location: national
Topics: impeachment;foreign policy
Context: the Senate impeachment trial
Fact-check justification: Sekulow said that the hold on Ukraine aid in 2019 was substantially the same as the hold on Egyptian aid in 2013. But the differences outnumber the similarities.  With Egypt, the Obama administration kept Congress informed as it responded to a coup. With Ukraine, the Trump White House informed neither Ukraine nor Congress of its policy. With Egypt, top congressional Democrats and Republicans were calling for a halt to aid. With Ukraine, members of Congress wanted aid sent to Ukraine; so did the Pentagon, the State Department and the National Security Council.  There was a hold on aid in both cases, but beyond that, the two episodes bear little resemblance to each other. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Democratic members of Congress who represent Cuban Americans in Florida and have been critical of Sanders "just so happen to be supporting other candidates.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: February 24, 2020
Topics: congress;foreign policy
Context: a CNN town hall
Fact-check justification: Sanders said Democratic members of Congress who represent Cuban Americans in Florida "just so happen to be supporting other candidates." Neither woman has endorsed a primary candidate. But they have not shown Sanders any primary love. On top of criticizing Sanders on Cuba, they have publicly cast doubt on whether they would support him as the Democratic nominee. And Shalala has donated $500 to Biden and $1,000 to Klobuchar.  We rate Sanders  is partially accurate but lacks important context. We rate it .
Statement: Says Buzz Aldrin "passes UFO lie detector test leaving experts convinced that he encountered alien life.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 9, 2018
Topics: fake news;space;punditfact
Context: a web post
Fact-check justification: Various websites ran articles with headlines claiming that Buzz Aldrin passed a lie detector test claiming he "encountered alien life."   However, a spokeswoman for Aldrin said the retired astronaut never took any type of "lie-detector" test. Meanwhile, Aldrin was clear in the Reddit session three years ago that he felt an unusual  light he saw during space flight had prosaic origins and was not an alien. We rate this .
Statement: The Columbia school buildings in my district have the lowest test scores in all of Boone County.
Speaker: cheri toalson reisch
About the speaker: Cheri Toalson Reisch, a Republican, is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives, elected in 2016.
Date: October 6, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: education
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Toalson Reisch said, "The Columbia school buildings in my district have the lowest test scores in all of Boone County."  Elementary schools such as Alpha Hart Lewis Elementary and Blue Ridge Elementary have some of the lowest APR scores in Boone County. However, there are other schools in Boone County that are just as low or lower. We rate her  .
Statement: There have now been 16 straight months of OVER 150,000 illegal border crossings.
Speaker: alex mooney
About the speaker: Alex Mooney is a Republican representing a U.S. House district in West Virginia.
Date: August 29, 2022
Location: west virginia
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Mooney said, "There have now been 16 straight months of OVER 150,000 illegal border crossings."  CBP data shows that immigrant encounters with the Border Patrol have exceeded 150,000 per month for more than 16 months. However, the data does not show that more than 150,000 people crossed the border illegally each month. The encounters data tracks events, not people. Also, not all people who crossed the border were admitted into the country; some were expelled under a public health order to stop COVID-19 from spreading. Mooney’s statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: We've got a police station that's under construction right now, they are actually ahead of schedule and under budget.
Speaker: rick kriseman
About the speaker: Rick Kriseman is a state representative representing parts of Pinellas County. He was first elected in 2006.
Date: August 9, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: infrastructure
Context: a podcast
Fact-check justification: Kriseman said construction on the new police station is "ahead of schedule and under budget." In reality, there is no definitive  that supports Kriseman’s  about being under budget, and the city’s architect estimates that the project is three weeks ahead of schedule. The most important thing to note in this check is the that the police station still has a long way to go and the progress could change. So any claims about the project being over or under budget or ahead of schedule are too premature. We rate this  .
Statement: There has never been, ever before, an administration that's been so open and transparent.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 20, 2019
Location: national
Topics: transparency
Context: remarks at the White House
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "There has never been, ever before, an administration that’s been so open and transparent." Trump cited his cooperation with the Mueller investigation, but Mueller himself found several major shortcomings in the Trump White House’s efforts. Beyond that, the Trump administration has assembled a record of aggressive opposition to congressional subpoenas, a longstanding refusal to share his tax returns, a near-zeroing-out of press briefings, and larger numbers of lawsuits demanding the administration release information under FOIA. We rate the statement .
Statement: We are at a 40-year low in our crime rate in our state.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: April 13, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: crime
Context: comments to Reuters
Fact-check justification: Banning lead paint and leaded gasoline has reduced criminal impulses among young men. In the case of Scott’s comments, he didn’t get into the causes of the crime rates or  unearned credit for the trend. Rather, he was pointing out that while individual crimes might receive a great deal of media attention, statistics show that crime rates in Florida are at 40-year lows. The official numbers confirm Scott’s statement. We rate his statement .
Statement: Newly discovered video shows late night deliveries of tens of thousands of illegal ballots 8 hours after deadline.
Speaker: the gateway pundit
About the speaker: The Gateway Pundit is a conservative website.
Date: February 5, 2021
Location: michigan
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: An article by the Gateway Pundit claims that a "newly discovered video shows late night deliveries of tens of thousands of illegal ballots 8 hours after deadline." Detroit election officials have confirmed that ballots were delivered to the TCF Center early Wednesday morning but that those ballots met the 8 p.m. deadline for voters to return them and had been verified by the city clerk’s office as legally cast. We rate this  .
Statement: This week the military was moving big equipment into the major big cities preparing for the Maricopa audit results.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 22, 2021
Location: arizona
Topics: elections;military
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A video posted on Facebook said, "This week the military was moving big equipment into the major big cities preparing for the Maricopa audit results."  We found no  of that happening. Spokespersons for the Arizona National Guard and the U.S. Army said their agencies are not involved with the review of the ballots in Maricopa. The images accompanying the post are unrelated to Arizona. We rate this statement .  RELATED: Proof has not emerged to change Joe Biden’s election or his wins in Ariz., Ga.
Statement: Says Kelly Ayotte "stands with the Washington gun lobby. They fund her campaigns.
Speaker: americans for responsible solutions
About the speaker: Americans for Responsible Solutions is a non-profit organization started by former U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, D-Ariz., and her husband, retired combat veteran and astronaut Mark Kelly, after Giffords was shot in 2011.
Date: May 24, 2016
Location: new hampshire
Topics: campaign finance;voting record;guns
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The gun control group Americans for Responsible Solutions said Ayotte "stands with the Washington gun lobby. They fund her campaigns." Ayotte has indeed benefited from money from gun rights groups – $81,095 over her career, to be exact. But it’s worth adding some context -- that’s about one-half of one percent of the total money she’s raised, and a modest amount compared to other Senate Republicans. Meanwhile, it’s not entirely correct to say that Ayotte always "stands with the Washington gun lobby." She has voted for legislation favored by the NRA, but has also bucked the NRA on at least one occasion.   The statement is partially accurate but takes things out of context, so we rate it .
Statement: SHOCKING: In the wake of Austria's drastic lockdown of unvaccinated people, EU chief calls for throwing out Nuremberg Code.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: December 5, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: She did not say the Nuremberg Code should be disregarded. And COVID-19 vaccinations are not a violation of the Nuremberg code. The post grossly distorted comments von der Leyen made in an effort to make it sound as though she did something "shocking" by supporting the kind of forced medical experimentation that was implemented during the Holocaust. She said no such thing. We rate this  !
Statement: Says Whoopi Goldberg wore a shirt that shows Donald Trump firing a gun at himself.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 29, 2018
Location: national
Topics: fake news
Context: viral image
Fact-check justification: "And (Barr) retweeted this. So this is what I’m going to say, Roseanne. Just because you were caught with your pants down, don’t try to drag other people down with you." The picture was doctored. We rate this !
Statement: It's not unusual for hospitals to sit at max or near max capacity on any given day.
Speaker: erin marie olszewski
About the speaker: Erin Marie Olszewski is a nurse who says she lives in Tampa, Fla.
Date: August 2, 2021
Topics: health care;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: But not all capacity utilization is the same. COVID-19 places additional strains on space, staff and hospital resources, because infected patients need to be kept isolated from others. Hospital systems in parts of the country where the virus is spreading quickly have had to halt other routine procedures and are running out of available beds and staff.   The  is partly accurate but leaves out important context. We rate this  .
Statement: Sarah Palin "got more votes running for mayor of Wasilla, Alaska, than Joe Biden got running for president of the United States.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: September 3, 2008
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a speech at the Republican National Convention
Fact-check justification: Biden got 638 votes in New Hampshire's Jan. 8 primary. On Super Tuesday in February, he got 3,788 primary votes in Barack Obama's home state of Illinois, and 4,321 primary votes in Hillary Rodham Clinton's home state of New York. If Huckabee is going to compare a small-town mayoral election to a national presidential race, then it's only fair to look beyond the single, hard-to-quantify caucus for which Biden was an active candidate. Iowa aside, his combined 8,109-vote total in Obama's and Clinton's home state primaries alone is bigger than Wasilla's entire population.  is our ruling.