chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In Japan, "they take a bowling ball from 20 feet up in the air and they drop it on the hood of the car. And if the hood dents, then the car doesn't qualify...It's horrible, the way we're treated.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 14, 2018
Location: national
Topics: public safety;trade
Context: a private fundraising appearance
Fact-check justification: Trump said that in Japan, "they take a bowling ball from 20 feet up in the air and they drop it on the hood of the car. And if the hood dents, then the car doesn't qualify." American cars must meet a Japanese standard. But Trump mangled the highly controlled process, which does not involve a bowling ball dropped from 20 feet. Where Trump really goes astray is on the purpose of the test; he has it backward. It’s not about seeing if the hood is strong. The more a hood gives way, the better it is for the head of a pedestrian. Trump’s understanding of the test is so far off the mark, we rate this  .
Statement: Rhode Island is the last state still using the Optech III P voting machines and they don't meet suggested federal standards.
Speaker: robert kando
About the speaker: Robert Kando is the executive director of the Rhode Island Board of Elections.
Date: March 7, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: elections
Context: testimony before the R.I. House Oversight Committee
Fact-check justification: Robert Kando said that Rhode Island is the only state still using the Optech III P Eagle voting machine, and that the machines do not meet suggested federal standards. He’s  on the first count: a quick search found at least seven other states still using the old machines. He’s right on the second: the vendor confirmed to us that the machines aren’t compliant with some voluntary federal standards. We rule his statement . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.) Editor’s note : This item was revised on March 25, 2013, to include a list of states where Optech III P Eagle voting machines were in use.
Statement: Says that Ronald Reagan said he felt like he "was the one shaking hands with the president" when he met Donald Trump.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: February 4, 2019
Topics: candidate biography;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Though there are several photos of the former president and Trump together, the meetings didn’t inspire Reagan to wax poetic about the current commander in chief. The photo being shared here is authentic and dates back to Nov. 3, 1987, said Joanne Drake, chief administrative officer of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation and Institute.  The image shows then-president Reagan shaking Trump's hand in the Blue Room at a reception for members of an art and preservation in embassies foundation. But Drake said the quote attributed to the 40th president about the would-be 45th president is : "He did not ever say that about Donald Trump," she said. We rate this  !
Statement: Agriculture "is the strongest industry in Ohio.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: November 29, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: agriculture;economy
Context: a speech to the Ohio Farm Bureau
Fact-check justification: As a group, it accounts for $3 billion of the gross state product in the OHFOOD mode. Kasich described agriculture as the strongest industry in Ohio. Data shows that the agrifood sector is the largest sector of the state’s economy. His statement is accurate. On the -O-Meter, it rates .
Statement: Under a House Republican appropriations bill, "6 million seniors are deprived of meals.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: April 4, 2011
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;federal budget
Context: a public appearance
Fact-check justification: As far as we can tell, Pelosi’s math seems sound -- at every turn, she erred on the cautious side, up to and including the final step, in which she rounded 6.9 million down to 6 million, rather than up to 7 million, which would have been entirely justified. So 6 million meals is a conservative estimate; the  number could well be higher, and her methodology provides her with a large cushion for error.      In other words, Pelosi’s problem wasn’t her math; it was how she reported her math at the event. So ultimately, Pelosi is , but we think she deserves credit for taking a cautious approach in cobbling together her numbers. On balance, we rate he  .
Statement: Every dropout costs us $72,000 for the life of that person.
Speaker: robert flanders
About the speaker: Robert G. Flanders Jr. is a former Rhode Island Supreme Court justice, former chairman of the Rhode Island Board of Regents for Elementary and Secondary Education, and former receiver for the city of Central Falls.
Date: December 17, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;education;taxes
Context: an economic forum
Fact-check justification: But the $72,000 figure strikes us as another example of experts making assumptions and doing calculations that produce numbers that sound precise, yet may only be rough approximations of the . In the end, while experts may calculate the cost of dropouts in different ways, they all agree that turning would-be dropouts into high school graduates is beneficial to the economy. But Flanders cited the $72,000 figure with a degree of certainty that is undeserved. And he did not make it clear that the figure includes lost tax revenue to the federal government, not just the state. As a result, the -O-Meter grades his assertion as  .
Statement: Says New Hampshire's second congressional district includes two counties where "almost 5 percent if not more" of residents are enrolled in the state's expanded Medicaid program.
Speaker: jack falanagan
About the speaker: Jack Flanagan is serving his third term in the 400-member New Hampshire House of Representatives. His district includes the towns of Mason and Brookline, where he is a resident. 
Date: March 10, 2016
Location: new hampshire
Topics: bipartisanship;health care;medicaid
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: U.S. House candidate and State Rep. Jack Flanagan said that "almost 5 percent if not more" of the population of Coos and Sullivan counties were enrolled in the state’s expanded Medicaid program. In the second congressional district, one county has more than 5 percent enrollment in the state’s expanded Medicaid program and another is pretty close. Coos county indeed breaks the 5 percent mark. Sullivan, at 4.28 percent, which have the first and second-highest participation rates in the state, respectively. We rate Flanagan’s statement .
Statement: Every other major country" has family paid leave.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: October 14, 2015
Location: national
Topics: families;women;workers
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: Sanders said "every other major country" has family paid leave. Two comprehensive studies of multiple nations backup Sanders’ point that the United States is an outlier when it comes to paid family leave. One study found that the United States is the only country to offer no statutory entitlement to paid leave on a national basis. A separate study of more countries found that the United States and Papua New Guinea were the only two not to provide cash benefits to women during maternity leave. The only caveat here is that family leave isn’t a universal benefit in some countries, due to exclusions on certain workers. We rate this  .
Statement: Right now, American oil production is the highest that it's been in eight years.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 24, 2012
Location: national
Topics: energy
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Obama was correct when he said that "right now, American oil production is the highest that it’s been in eight years." We think he may have overstated his administration’s role in achieving that, but not wildly so. We rate the  .
Statement: Small businesses "create 70 percent of the jobs in America.
Speaker: eric cantor
About the speaker: Eric Cantor is a former congressman who represented Virginia's 7th District from 2001 to 2014. He rose to House minority whip in 2009 and House majority leader in 2011. Cantor was upset by Dave Brat in the 2014 GOP primary for congress. He is now vice chairman and managing director of Moelis & Company, a global investment bank.
 
 
 
Date: November 25, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;jobs;small business
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Overall, about half of the private sector jobs that exist in the U.S. are provided by small businesses, according to the SBA. Though they provide a boost to job creation when times are good, the SBA noted in a 2010 report to President Barack Obama that the flip side is that small businesses can lead the way on job losses when the economy is sluggish. In 2009, when the economy was limping out of a recession, small businesses accounted for about 60 percent of the roughly 5.7 million jobs lost, according to BLS figures. Our ruling: Eric Cantor said small business create 70 percent of the jobs in the U.S. Data from the Small Business Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics show that statement is correct when talking about the new jobs created in the private sector, which provides the majority of the jobs in the U.S. We rate the  .
Statement: The Republican replacement for Obamacare does not give massive tax cuts to wealthy Americans.
Speaker: sean duffy
About the speaker: Sean Duffy is a Republican member of the U.S. House, representing Wisconsin's 7th District in the northwestern part of the state. The former Ashland County district attorney was elected In November 2010, taking the seat previously held by Democratic U.S. Rep. Dave Obey of Wausau.
Date: May 9, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;income;public health;wealth;taxes
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Duffy says the Republican replacement for Obamacare does not give massive tax cuts to wealthy Americans. The bill that some call "Trumpcare" includes the repeal of tax hikes that specifically target the rich. Indeed, over 10 years, hundreds of billions of dollars in tax cuts would benefit only those earning $200,000 a year or more. We rate Duffy’s statement .
Statement: There's no court session between now and the end of this election.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 20, 2020
Topics: supreme court
Context: Philadelphia
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "There's no court session between now and the end of this election." That’s disproven by the Supreme Court’s own website, which lists five days of oral arguments in October and two more in November before the polls close. We rate the statement .
Statement: Ed Gillespie's 2006 book "promoted an individual health care mandate, and recommends that it be enforced by the IRS through the income tax code.
Speaker: democratic party of virginia
About the speaker: The state Democratic Party.
Date: March 24, 2014
Location: virginia
Topics: medicaid;taxes
Context: news release
Fact-check justification: Democrats said Gillespie’s book "promoted an individual mandate." Gillespie’s 2006 memoir states that one way of reforming health care is to require people to carry insurance or have their standard tax deduction cut in half. That fits the definition of an individual mandate. Gillespie’s campaign denies this is the case, but declines to provide a clear explanation. It should be noted that Gillespie offered tax consequences as one possibility for reforming health care. His book suggested Health Savings Account as another way to ensure adults get coverage. Webster’s New World College Dictionary defines "promote" as "to help bring about" something. Although it may not have been Gillespie’s intention, his unclear book passage can be easily interpreted as advancing the idea of individual mandates during a formative time for health policy. So we rate the Democrats’  .
Statement: Obama "voted against funding our troops.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 18, 2008
Location: national
Topics: military
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: McCain opposed the bills because he believed the new benefits would encourage active military to leave the service prematurely. The McCain campaign is correct that Obama voted against the 2007 funding measure. But the ad's statement — "he voted against funding our troops" — is phrased with no qualifications or caveats. Actually, Obama has voted for troop funding several times in other measures. So we find the  in the McCain ad to be .
Statement: Says Wisconsin state Sen. Randy Hopper, R-Fond du Lac, has already been recalled.
Speaker: democratic party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Democratic Party of Wisconsin focuses on advancing state Democratic candidates and related issues.
Date: April 19, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Let’s return to the statement: The state Democratic Party issued a statement that labeled Hopper as already "recalled." There is some disagreement among experts about when it’s accurate to use the term "recalled." But there is no dispute that the party jumped the gun by at least several weeks. Hopper might be recalled sometime this spring, but we are not there yet. We rate the party’s statement .
Statement: Says 228 House Democrats voted "to allow illegal aliens to have right to vote
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 9, 2019
Topics: immigration;elections;fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a text post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said 228 House Democrats voted "to allow illegal aliens to have right to vote." The text post inaccurately describes what the vote was about. The post refers to a Republican-sponsored motion that said, "It is the sense of Congress that allowing illegal immigrants the right to vote devalues the franchise and diminishes the voting power of United States citizens." The motion only cited an example of noncitizens being allowed to vote in a local election whereas the Facebook text post uses scare language to imply that it's voting of all types. The motion was symbolic and would not have changed anything, since existing U.S. law already bans noncitizens from voting in federal elections. By voting against the measure, Democrats opened themselves up to attacks — but they simply didn’t move to allow noncitizens to have the right to vote. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Scott Walker's "listening sessions" are "invite-only and excluding the press.
Speaker: dana wachs
About the speaker: Democratic state Rep. Dana Wachs, an Eau Claire lawyer, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2012.
Date: July 15, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Walker spokesman Tom Evenson said the governor speaks to local media after each session. Our rating Wachs says Walker's "listening sessions" are "invite-only and excluding the press." As he travels Wisconsin to meet with residents, Walker asks various people, including Democratic lawmakers, for suggestions on who to invite to his listening sessions. But the sessions are not open to the public or to the press, only to people who are invited. We rate Wachs’ statement .
Statement: Says Evan Jenkins was Sen. Joe Manchin's "spokesperson. It's true!
Speaker: patrick morrisey
About the speaker: Patrick Morrisey is the attorney general of West Virginia. Morrisey is running for the West Virginia U.S. Senate seat.
Date: January 18, 2018
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Morrisey tweeted, "Do you remember when @EvanJenkinsWV was @Sen_JoeManchin’s spokesperson? It’s !" Jenkins once represented Manchin at a public candidate forum in Huntington, W. Va. Neither Jenkins nor the reporter recall his role at the event, but Morrisey said Jenkins was not paid to do so, or hired by the Manchin campaign as an official spokesman at any time. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says the Pentagon has never passed a financial audit. In fact,  the Pentagon is exempt from a federal law that requires all federal agencies to complete annual audits.
Speaker: peter defazio
About the speaker: Peter DeFazio is Oregon's U.S. representative in the 4th Congressional District. He was elected to Congress in 1986. He lives in Springfield.
Date: April 13, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: federal budget
Context: his congressional website
Fact-check justification: In an appearance before the Senate Budget Committee in March, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta declared that the department would be fully auditable by 2014 instead of waiting until 2017. He acknowledged it’s "crazy" that the department is still unable to audit its finances. "That's, frankly, something we owe the taxpayer," he said. Therefore, with the audit of DeFazio’s statement complete, we rate his : . Return to OregonLive to comment on this ruling.
Statement: U.S. military arrests Michael Sussmann.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 8, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This story originated on Real Raw News, a website that regularly publishes  information and describes itself as a satire site. The post cites a single anonymous source.   Spokespeople for Sussmann’s legal team and the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General’s Corps told Reuters that the statements in the blog post are "."   Such an arrest, especially considering the widespread coverage of Durham’s investigation and Sussmann’s acquittal, would be big news, but we found no such reports.   We rate claims Sussmann was arrested by the military .
Statement: A new federal program provides subsidized "Obama phones" with 70 free minutes of cell phone service every month.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: October 28, 2009
Location: national
Topics: poverty;taxes
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: Still, it mischaracterizes the program by making it seem as if it was created by the Obama administration. In fact, Lifeline and Link-Up have been around for nearly 14 years. These are not "Obama phones." (Maybe we should call them "Clinton phones.") So we rate the  .
Statement: Ever wonder why no one ever came forward from Obama's past, saying they knew him, attended school with him, was his friend, etc.? Not one person has ever come forward from his past.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: December 14, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a chain e-mail
Fact-check justification: A chain e-mail making the rounds in New Jersey claims "no one ever came forward from Obama’s past, saying they knew him, attended school with him, was his friend." As various news accounts indicate, this  is bogus. Friends and former classmates have participated in numerous interviews, telling tales of Obama’s years leading up to his run for the White House. That’s why this chain e-mail deserves just three words: ! To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says the EPA "outsourced the scientific basis for its greenhouse gas regulation to a scandal-plagued international organization that cannot be considered objective or trustworthy.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: February 16, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: environment;energy;legal issues
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Yes, the stolen e-mails have raised questions about a small number of scientists, but the e-mails have not undercut the validity of the panel's main findings. Bottom line: There's a small bit of  in Abbott's , the part that the EPA is relying on outsiders. But his statement is  because he implies the EPA has shirked its duties when in fact it is relying on three groups that have synthesized thousands of scientific studies -- almost certainly far more work than the EPA could ever do itself. And yes, the e-mails have raised questions about the work of a clutch of scientists, but they have not put a significant dent in conclusions reached by the IPCC. We rate Abbott's statement .