chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Last year, there were an additional 81,000 pages of government regulations. If you stack that up, it would be a three-story building.
Speaker: ben carson
About the speaker: Dr. Ben Carson is President Donald Trump's secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. A retired pediatric neurosurgeon, Carson ran as a Republican for president in 2016. He owns homes in West Palm Beach and Maryland.
Date: January 28, 2016
Location: national
Topics: debates;government regulation;regulation
Context: a Republican debate
Fact-check justification: Carson said, "Last year, there were an additional 81,000 pages of government regulations. If you stack that up, it would be a three-story building." The Federal Register published a little over 81,000 pages in 2015, and this many pages stacked on top of each other would reach about three stories high. However, many of these pages do not contain regulations. In recent years, only about 31 percent of Register pages contain final rules. The statement has an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: If a 10-year-old became pregnant as a result of rape and it was threatening her life, then that's not an abortion.
Speaker: catherine glenn foster
About the speaker: Catherine Glenn Foster is the president and CEO of Americans United for Life, a national anti-abortion group.
Date: July 14, 2022
Location: national
Topics: abortion;children
Context: a congressional hearing
Fact-check justification: An abortion is the termination of a pregnancy. Neither medical nor legal definitions say the classification of an abortion is contingent on whether or not a law includes an exception.   Cases of rape, incest or if the mother’s life or health is at risk are often included as exceptions in laws restricting abortion. But that does not change the classification of the procedure as an abortion.   We rate the  .
Statement: Says Barack Obama found out about Russia "in August. Now, the election was in November. That's a lot of time. He did nothing about it.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 6, 2017
Location: national
Topics: homeland security;foreign policy
Context: Poland
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Obama found out about Russia "in August. Now, the election was in November. That's a lot of time. He did nothing about it." The Obama administration did not sit idle while Russia interfered in the election, as Trump makes it seem. The administration publicly named the Russian government as the culprit, confronted Putin in person, and worked to secure the country’s election infrastructure — all while the intelligence agencies investigated the issue. That said, Obama waited until December, after the election, to take any public, punitive measures against Putin, when he kicked out diplomats and imposed sanctions. Trump’s statement contains a grain of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: Even "though men comprise 49% of the population, they hold 80% of the lawmaking power in the Legislature (144 of 181 seats).
Speaker: annie's list
About the speaker: Annie's List, a political action committee founded in 2003, says its mission is to recruit, train, support and elect progressive, pro-choice women in Texas.
Date: November 30, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: history;states;women
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Annie’s List said that "though men comprise 49% of the population, they hold 80% of the lawmaking power in the Legislature (144 of 181 seats)." In 2014, 51 percent of the state’s residents were female, 48 percent were male. Of late, men account for 80 percent of Texas legislators, women comprise 20 percent. After members are sworn in for the 2017 regular session, there also will be an 80-20 split. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Travis County now has the highest urban county tax rate in Texas.
Speaker: andy brown
About the speaker: Andy Brown, initially elected chairman of the Travis County Democrats in 2008, served in that role until he ran for Travis County judge in 2014. He was previously executive director of the 21st Century Democrats in Texas.
Date: February 17, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: taxes
Context: a mailer to voters
Fact-check justification: Brown said Travis County now has the highest urban county tax rate in Texas. Travis County had the second-highest total property tax rate of the state’s 15 most populous counties in 2012 and 2013, we found, also levying the highest rate of the state’s seven most populous counties. But in contrast to Brown’s message, Travis County's tip-top ranking isn't new. The county’s rate has exceeded the rates of more populous counties every year since 1996. We rate this , which lacked these clarifications, as .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Over 12,000 school kids were arrested in Florida. It makes Florida the nation's leader in that area.
Speaker: dream defenders
About the speaker: The Dream Defenders describe themselves as "a human rights organization, directed by Black & Brown youth who confront Inequality & the Criminalizing of our Generation with nonviolent Direct Action and building of collective power in our communities."
Date: July 22, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: children;education;crime
Context: a meeting with Wansley Walters, Florida Department of Juvenile Justice Secretary
Fact-check justification: Dream Defenders said, "Over 12,000 school kids were arrested in Florida. It makes Florida the nation's leader in that area." The number about Florida is correct: There were 12,520 students arrested at schools in 2011-12, according to the state Department of Juvenile Justice. But the Dream Defenders failed to prove that the number makes Florida the nation’s leader in school-related arrests. This appears to be a case of the state getting a bad rap because of its rare decision to publish comprehensive data.    Multiple experts said that comprehensive data for state-by-state comparisons is lacking. That makes it difficult to declare Florida’s ranking for school-related arrests. We rate this  .
Statement: Since 2009, the Ohio Republican Party has made more contacts with voters — nearly 6.6 million — than any other GOP state organization in the nation.
Speaker: kevin dewine
About the speaker: Kevin DeWine is the former chairman of the Ohio Republican Party. He was elected the party's chief executive officer Jan. 16, 2009. He resigned in April 2012.
As party chair, DeWine is responsible for the management of all party operations and services, including candidate recruitment, campaign support, training, fundraising, voter contact programs and legal strategies. He also is a member of the Republican National Committee, where he sits on the party's ethics and site selection committees.
He previously served four terms in the Ohio House of Representatives.
 
Date: April 4, 2012
Location: ohio
Context: a resignation letter
Fact-check justification: A spokesman for the Republican National Committee didn’t offer statistics, either, but did support DeWine’s  that Ohio’s performance for building contacts was tops since 2009. We see no reason for the national organization to label Ohio’s operation as tops compared to the other states unless that is . Based on that, we find DeWine’s  is accurate. That the party declined to provide supporting data to back the specific numbers DeWine’s letter cites is additional information that helps provide clarity. On the -O-Meter, DeWine’s  rates .
Statement: While President Obama says all options are on the table for preventing a nuclear Iran, Hagel says military action is not a viable, feasible, responsible option.
Speaker: emergency committee for israel
About the speaker: The Emergency Committee for Israel advocates for a strong US-Israel relationship, particularly on security issues. Its board includes such conservatives as William Kristol and Gary Bauer.
Date: December 19, 2012
Location: national
Topics: israel;foreign policy;military
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: The Emergency Committee for Israel said in an ad, "And while President Obama says all options are on the table for preventing a nuclear Iran Hagel says military action is not a viable, feasible, responsible option." Obama clearly has said all options are on the table. But the ad portrays Hagel’s comments as occurring in December 2012, he actually stated them in 2006. In the past, Hagel did repeatedly warn against jumping into another war and called for discussions with Iran, but the comments the ad cites were made when the United States was engaged in war in both Iraq and Afghanistan. In 2012 in an op-ed he co-wrote, Hagel called for "keeping all options on the table, including the use of military force, thereby increasing pressure on Iran while working toward a political solution." We rate this  .
Statement: Says Democrats racked up a $1 billion state deficit, while Republicans under Bill O'Brien balanced the budget.
Speaker: new boston republican committee
About the speaker: Republican committee for New Boston, New Hampshire. The committee is made up of Republican, independent and undeclared voters. Formed in 2010, it seeks to vet Republican candidates running for local, state and national office.
Date: July 23, 2012
Location: new hampshire
Topics: state budget
Context: Mont Vernon, New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: But here, too, those are projections, not a final deficit. Our ruling: The New Boston Republicans’ sign makes some big claims in only a few words. It wrongly describes a $1 billion interim projection as a deficit, ignoring the state law that mandates a balanced budget and the fact that the Democrats actually produced a $17.7 million surplus.   The Republican group's sign is twisting the reality of the state budgets for partisan reasons and leaving people with a  impression. We rate it .
Statement: The Chilean "privatization scheme" that Sharron Angle supports "has resulted in hidden fees, fewer benefits, and millions of people with no coverage.
Speaker: patriot majority pac
About the speaker: Patriot Majority PAC is a liberal group that has been running ads against Republican candidates in the 2010 election.
Date: August 17, 2010
Location: national
Topics: financial regulation;foreign policy;message machine 2010;social security
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: And the coverage gaps that exist now are not unique to the privatized system and have a lot to do with specific factors at play in Chile. The ad does have a point that the Chilean system, at least if it's implemented without major differences, would likely be seen by most Americans as inferior to Social Security. The size of the coverage gaps in Chile's system, while understandable given Chile's economic situation, would be unacceptable to many, if not most, Americans. But this reasonable point is undercut by the ad's overheated rhetoric ("human rights violator"), imagery (the goose-stepping soldiers) and exaggerations about the substance of the Chilean plan. On balance, we rate the ad .
Statement: Joe Morrissey "has been a delegate in the General Assembly for eight years with no laws passed to help our black community with education or workforce.
Speaker: michelle mosby
About the speaker: Michelle Mosby was first elected to the Richmond City Council in 2012, representing the 9th District. In 2015, her peers elected her president of the council. In 2016, she ran for mayor.
Mosby was born in Richmond in 1969 and attended Norfolk State University and Virginia Union University. 
 
Date: October 11, 2016
Location: virginia
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Mosby said "Joe (Morrissey) has been a delegate in the General Assembly for eight years with no laws passed to help our black community with education or workforce." A review of Morrissey’s record shows he was not a prolific writer of laws that helped the black community in those two categories. But we don’t come up empty. Morrissey introduced a bill - which became a law under another legislator’s name - that allows people who can’t afford to pay traffic fines to keep driving. That will help some people - black and white - get to work. Morrissey wrote a law that requires colleges to give credit to students who are deployed by the military during mid-semester. That will help some people - black and white - complete college. So Mosby’s statement has some basis but also overlooks some of Morrissey’s broad legislative accomplishments. We rate it .
Statement: COVID ends next Wednesday.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 30, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  On Oct. 30, the United States recorded more than 99,000 new cases. In the previous week, more than 500,000 new cases were reported.   We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Eighty percent of the net new jobs created in the state of Texas since 2009 went to the foreign-born.
Speaker: david frum
About the speaker: David Frum is senior editor at the Atlantic. He served as a speechwriter for George W. Bush.
Date: November 28, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a New York magazine article
Fact-check justification: Aside from having the  starting date for the studied period, Frum’s statement relies on a methodology that isolated immigrants recently arrived in Texas, disregarding immigrant departures and deaths and leaving the 80 percent figure in question. Then again, no one has disputed that recent immigrants filled a surprising share (more than half) of the added jobs. We rate Frum’s  .
Statement: ColoradoCare would have higher revenues than McDonald's.
Speaker: colorado health institute
About the speaker: Colorado Health Institute
Date: April 8, 2016
Location: colorado
Topics: elections;health care
Context: an analysis report
Fact-check justification: The Colorado Health Institute analysis said the Colorado universal health care system would have a projected $38 billion in revenues, larger than major corporations. The numbers seem to add up if everything with ColoradoCare goes according to its supporters’ plans. The revenues would be larger than some big companies. However, the health care plan has a make-or-break need to obtain federal waivers that would allow it to assume the roles of state Medicaid and Affordable Care Act programs. No waivers means no deal. The statement is accurate but needs additional information. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/aa4fc618-f92d-4df5-8f96-8cced5a8bbb1
Statement: In 2011 alone, 269 New Jerseyans were killed by gun violence.
Speaker: sheila oliver
About the speaker: Sheila Oliver is the speaker of the New Jersey Assembly. A Democrat, Oliver represents parts of Essex and Passaic counties.
Date: February 21, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: guns
Context: The Times Of Trenton
Fact-check justification: Oliver said in a column that published the day the state Assembly voted on a package of gun-control bills that "in 2011 alone, 269 New Jerseyans were killed by gun violence." The FBI’s annual Uniform Crime Report for 2011 – the most up-to-date year of complete crime data – verifies that number. It’s worth noting, however, that 12 other states had more deaths attributed to gun violence than New Jersey that year. We rate Oliver’s statement . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says Claire McCaskill "voted against including health records in the background check system.
Speaker: josh hawley
About the speaker: Josh Hawley took office as U.S. Senator from Missouri in 2019. Hawley previously served as Missouri’s Attorney General. 
Date: October 18, 2018
Location: missouri
Topics: guns
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Hawley said McCaskill "voted against including (mental) health records in the background check system." Hawley is isolating one vote from a GOP proposal while ignoring McCaskill’s full record in the Senate. McCaskill clearly has supported efforts to tighten restrictions for who can purchase a firearm, including measures that clearly addressed the inclusion of mental health records in the gun background check system and more aggressive overall provisions for regulating gun sales. Hawley’s  rates .
Statement: A larger percentage of Illinoisans have been vaccinated than in any other Midwestern state.
Speaker: jb pritzker
About the speaker: J.B. Pritzker is Illinois' 43rd governor and a former Chicago venture capitalist and entrepreneur.
Date: February 2, 2022
Location: illinois
Topics: coronavirus
Context: the 2022 State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Pritzker said that "a larger percentage of Illinoisans have been vaccinated than in any other Midwestern state." There are many ways to measure vaccination rates — by single doses, people who have been fully vaccinated and those administered booster shots.   While his spokeswoman later clarified he meant the percentage of Illinoisans who had received a single dose of a COVID-19 shot, Pritzker’s initial statement could be interpreted as Illinois being the Midwest leader in those who are fully vaccinated. It is not. We rate this  .   – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information.
Statement: A video shows Jim Jordan saying the 2020 "election was stolen.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 18, 2022
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: CNN fact-checked Jordan’s  that he never said the election was stolen and called it "highly ." Jordan participated in "stop the steal" events, questioned how former President Donald Trump could have lost the election and objected to Electoral College results despite no  of widespread voter fraud. But that doesn’t make this Facebook post’s framing of the committee exchange more accurate.   Around the video’s xix-minute mark, Jordan says that former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said "the 2016 election was stolen," but otherwise, he says nothing like what the Facebook post claims.   We rate claims that this video shows Jordan saying the 2020 election was stolen .
Statement: Literally five (homeless) people a day die on our streets" in the city of Los Angeles.
Speaker: karen bass
About the speaker: Karen Ruth Bass is a Democratic politician who was elected mayor of Los Angeles, California. As a member of Congress, Bass represented California's 37th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives.
Date: December 18, 2022
Location: california
Topics: homeless
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Bass said "literally five people a day die on our streets" from homelessness.  The estimate Bass used appears to be drawn from a study looking at homeless deaths across Los Angeles County, not just the city.  The study found 1,988 unhoused people in all of Los Angeles County died from April 2020 through March 2021 — about five deaths per day.  The study is the most recent information the county has on homeless deaths, comparing death rates one year before and after the start of the pandemic, and may not reflect the current trend in the city of Los Angeles, where Bass is mayor. We rate this  .
Statement: Says "David Schweikert took over $120,000 from the drug industry and voted against legislation to lower prescription drug prices.
Speaker:  afscme
About the speaker: AFSCME, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, is the largest public employee and health care workers union in the United States.
Date: October 7, 2020
Location: national
Topics: health care;arizona
Context: a Facebook ad
Fact-check justification: A Facebook ad from the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees said Schweikert got over $120,000 from the drug industry and voted against a bill to lower prescription drug prices.  Schweikert received $124,902 from the drug and health products industry since he entered Congress. He voted against a bill that would have had a significant impact on drug prices and was projected to cut industry revenues by hundreds of billions of dollars over 10 years. He backed a bill that would insulate millions of Medicare recipients from high out-of-pocket costs. According to multiple independent assessments, that alone would not drive down prices. Some measures in the bill could reduce some drug prices over time through competition from generic drugs. We rate this  .
Statement: Abigail Spanberger "has voted with Nancy Pelosi over 90% of the time…
Speaker: nick freitas
About the speaker: Republican Nick Freitas was first elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 2015. He represents the 30th District, comprising Madison, Orange and part of Culpeper Counties.
Freitas served in the Army Green Berets and served two tours in Iraq.  After his honorable discharge in 2009, he moved to Virginia and works as director of operations for a sevice disabled veteran owned company.
Freitas is seeking the 2020 Republican nomination for the Seventh District congressioanl set held by Democrat Abigail Spanberger. He unsuccessfully sought the GOP nomination for the U.S. Senate in 2018. He is married to Tina Freitas, a local Republican activist and state senate candidate in 2019. 
Date: September 4, 2020
Location: virginia
Topics: party support;voting record
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Freitas says Spanberger has voted with Nancy Pelosi over 90% of the time." Let’s remember that only 10 Democrats voted against Pelosi more often than Spanberger. But Freitas' statistic is solid; Spanberger and Pelosi agreed on 92 percent of the votes they both participated in. So we rate Freitas’ statement .
Statement: Says author J.K. Rowling was the first billionaire to fall off Forbes billionaire list because of charitable giving.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 1, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;wealth;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Rowling is well known for her charitable work and has supported the Multiple Sclerosis Society Scotland, The Maggie’s Centres for Cancer Care, Doctors Without Borders, and more. She founded the Children’s High Level Group, known as Lumos , which works to "end the systematic institutionalization of children across Europe and help them find safer, more caring places to live." She has also contributed to various other charitable causes through her philanthropic trust, Volant . While Rowling wasn’t the first billionaire to fall of the list due to charitable donations, she was bumped off for doing so (along with paying high taxes), and is highly regarded for her philanthropic work. We rate this post .