chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In Ferguson, Mo., "you've got three black officers and 50 white officers with a town that is 67 percent African-American.
Speaker: andrea mitchell
About the speaker: Andrea Mitchell is a journalist for NBC and MSNBC.
Date: August 17, 2014
Topics: crime;public safety;punditfact
Context: an episode of NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Mitchell said Ferguson has "three black officers and 50 white officers with a town that is 67 percent African-American." This  has emerged as a central talking point in the fallout from Brown’s shooting. Her numbers are backed up by news reports quoting the city's police chief and Census data. The only caveat is that a police spokesman now says that the department has four African-Americans, while the chief previously has said three. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Texas proved in court that more than 200 dead people voted in the latest Texas election.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: July 15, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: an interview with Fox News
Fact-check justification: Abbott said the recent trial proved that more than 200 dead people voted in the latest elections, the May 2012 party primaries. But the trial was less conclusive. To recap: An elections official testified that after comparing a list of 50,000 dead registered voters -- where’s that headline? -- to records of voters in the recent primaries, "we believe" that 239 "folks voted in the recent election after passing away," meaning 239 voters cast ballots using voter registrations of dead Texans. According to his testimony, the state then took the best matches and sought death certificates "for as many of those as we could round up in a short time." Ten death certificates came back and, the official testified, four names, birth dates and Social Security numbers completely aligned on the lists and death certificates. We can see how this information might raise flags, but we do not see that it proves there were more than 200 dead voters, so to speak. That's because there’s a difference between suspecting fraud and proving it. After all, Abbott's office has been handed the 200-plus matches to investigate. His  rates .
Statement: Chris Christie is in ICU and reported to be put on a ventilator.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 7, 2020
Location: new jersey
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  "I’ve spoken to multiple people who’ve been on the phone with the governor daily after he was admitted to Morristown Medical Center for testing Covid+. They say he’s in good spirits & getting good care." A Star-Ledger report confirmed this, reporting he’s in good spirits and — according to "a source with knowledge of the situation" — not on a ventilator. Christie’s exact condition remains unknown, according to news reports. But we rate this post .
Statement: Says Virgil Abloh was a defendant in Ghislaine Maxwell's criminal case when he died a day before the trial started.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 29, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Justice Department is also posting some updates about the case on its website . A separate, civil case — case number 1:20-cv-07102-LLS — was filed in federal court in August 2020 against numerous people, including Maxwell, Abloh, Beyonce, the New York City Police Department, the Walt Disney Company, Harvey Weinstein and Kanye West.   According to the complaint filed by Texas resident Charlene Latham, among other plaintiffs in the case , "over the course of decades, the defendants established a lucrative but sociopathic, criminal enterprise where defendants engaged in decades of human trafficking, sexual assaults and various abuses." A judge dismissed the case in September 2021 on grounds that it was frivolous, court records show .    We rate this post .
Statement: Election officials are "sending 80 million ballots all over the country. Eighty million ballots, non-requested. I call them 'unsolicited ballots.'
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 7, 2020
Topics: elections
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Trump said election officials are "sending 80 million ballots all over the country. Eighty million ballots, non-requested. I call them ‘unsolicited ballots.’" The Trump campaign didn’t respond to our request to explain how he arrived at the 80 million figure. A New York Times analysis in August found that about 44 million voters will receive ballots in states that are automatically sending them to all voters. Our own research and interviews with other election experts and state officials back up the Times’ number. But even that number of 44 million includes voters who would have requested an absentee ballot anyway.  We won’t yet know a more precise figure of how many voters are getting ballots automatically until voter registration is closed in the states. But as of now, the data suggests that Trump exaggerated. We rate his  .
Statement: Today, home sales are up nearly 50 percent from where they were in the worst of the crisis.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 8, 2015
Location: national
Topics: housing
Context: Phoenix, Ariz
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "Today, home sales are up nearly 50 percent from where they were in the worst of the crisis." That number matches census data for new home sales, although the White House said they also based the  on existing home sales, which have increased by about 60 percent over the lowest point during the recession. The national numbers are largely accurate, although Obama’s statement doesn’t provide details about pockets of the market still experiencing trouble, nor does it address whether the recovery would have happened regardless of his policies -- although experts say those policies were a factor in the recovery. We rate the statement .
Statement: A photo shows a massive crowd at a recent Florida rally for Donald Trump.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 16, 2020
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post claimed that a photo showed massive crowds for a Trump rally in Florida on Oct. 16. The post used a dated photo of Street Parade Zurich, a music festival, over the city’s Quaibrucke bridge. The photo has existed since 2018.  We rate this  .
Statement: GM has "repaid our government loan, in full, with interest, five years ahead of the original schedule.
Speaker: ed whitacre
About the speaker: Ed Whitacre is a former chairman and CEO of General Motors Company, having been appointed in 2009 to oversee the company’s restructuring. He relinquished both roles a year later as the new GM went public.
Date: April 21, 2010
Location: national
Topics: bankruptcy;economy;financial regulation;transportation
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: But we bet many more people saw the television ad we're fact-checking here. We think the TV ad would leave most reasonable viewers with the impression that GM has fully settled up with the government. Whitacre can accurately  that GM has retired its $6.7 billion in loans from the U.S. government. But with the government still owning 60 percent of the company and the prospects slim for getting all its money back, we think that's highly . And so we rate Whitacre's statement .
Statement: The turnout on May 14th was just 7 percent -- the lowest turnout in decades.
Speaker: randi shade
About the speaker: Randi Shade, elected to the Austin City Council in 2008, did not win re-election in 2011. She's the former founding executive director of the Texas Commission on Volunteerism & Community Service, according to information on her campaign website.
Date: May 17, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: city government;elections
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: "This number," Rife said, "seems to provide the most insight into this election." Unsaid: The general population includes many non-voters including minors and non-citizens, arguably making this metric less meaningful. So, voter turnout May 14 was about the same as in the Austin municipal general election 11 years ago. Then again, fewer voters participated in the election than in any general council election in decades. Shade’s statement rates .
Statement: When adjusted for inflation, (Texas) per-student spending has remained relatively flat over the past 16 years. Despite that trend, Texas schools in 2017 will receive $381 less per student than they did in 2003.
Speaker: celia israel
About the speaker: Celia Israel, an Austin Realtor, won election to the Texas House in a January 2014 special election.
Date: May 13, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Israel said: "When adjusted for inflation, per student spending has remained relatively flat over the past 16 years. Despite that trend, Texas schools in 2017 will receive $381 less per student than they did in 2003." Per-student funding has held relatively flat, data shows. But the "$381 less" conclusion rests on cherry-picking a timeframe and relying on an inflation index not favored by the main agency that advises lawmakers on budget issues. Try a different timeframe and/or the CPI and you can get contrary results--even, in some instances, greater spending in 2017. We rate this statement .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: You'll find blacks in almost every regiment throughout the South who fought right alongside white Southerners," during the Civil War.
Speaker: ray mcberry
About the speaker: Ray McBerry handles public relations for the Georgia Division of the Sons of Confederate Veterans.
Date: December 15, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: history
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Thousands would have had to bear arms even though it was illegal and join forces with armed white soldiers who did not want them as comrades. We find that McBerry's  that blacks "fought right alongside white Southerners" and "in almost every regiment throughout the South" is , if not . Even supporters of his theory have found nothing more than isolated cases. If McBerry's  were , it would not only mean that thousands of blacks took up arms for a government that supported their enslavement, it would also mean they were willing to battle overwhelming odds to do it. We rate McBerry's statement .
Statement: Six out of 10 of the highest unemployment rates are also in so-called right to work states.
Speaker: chris redfern
About the speaker: Chris Redfern is chairman of the Ohio Democratic Party, a post he has held since December 2005.
Date: April 30, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: jobs;workers
Context: a fundraising email
Fact-check justification: Of the 10 states with the lowest unemployment rates, eight were right-to-work states. Of those, as we noted in an earlier check , seven states -- North Dakota, Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Utah, Wyoming and Oklahoma -- are from the Great Plains and the Mountain West, which in general were less hard-hit during the recession. So Redfern's statement about 6 of the 10 states with the highest unemployment rates is technically accurate. But it is  because it implies a cause-and-effect relationship that is bogus. We rate it .
Statement: The Railroad Commission of Texas has nothing to do with railroads.
Speaker: roman mcallen
About the speaker: Roman McAllen, the 2018 Democratic nominee for a seat on the Texas Railroad Commission, said he entered the race "because the wolves have been guarding the hen house for far too long."
Date: June 22, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: energy;history;transportation
Context: a speech at the Texas Democratic Party convention
Fact-check justification: McAllen said the railroad commission has nothing to do with railroads. It did, for more than a century. But it hasn’t had a thing to do with railroads since late 2005. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Every American now is $51,000 in debt. That's money I owe, that's money my children owe before they even go to kindergarten, that's their check to the federal government right now.
Speaker: caroline casagrande
About the speaker: Caroline Casagrande is a Republican assemblywoman from Freehold, NJ, representing District 11.
Date: October 26, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: debt;deficit
Context: an interview with NJTV's Michael Aron for "On The Record"
Fact-check justification: Casagrande said in a television interview, "Every American now is $51,000 in debt. That’s money I owe, that’s money my children owe before they even go to kindergarten, that’s their check to the federal government right now." A simple mathematical calculation confirms that every American technically owes the government $51,777.21 toward the national debt. But will youngsters have to suddenly start handing over their allowances to pay down the federal deficit? Not likely. We rate the statement . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Department of Education officials investigating Virginia Tech shootings "have not once gotten into the car and driven down to Blacksburg to talk to the police chief or the university president or to anyone else.
Speaker: ken cuccinelli
About the speaker: Ken Cuccinelli became acting director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services on June 10, 2019. Cuccinelli, a Republican, was Virginia's attorney general from 2010 to 2014. In 2013, he lost the general election for governor to Democrat Terry McAuliffe. In 2016, he was a adisver to the presidential campaign of Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas.
Born in 1968, Cuccinelli has a B.S. in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia, a J.D. from Geroge Mason University School of Law and an M.A. in International Commerce and Policy from George Mason University.
He represented Fairfax County in the state senate from 2002 to 2010.
 
 
 
 
.
Date: April 27, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: education;crime
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: He said the DOE investigators never conducted face-to-face interviews with the Tech officials making decisions that dreadful day. A DOE spokeswoman acknowledged both points, although she said it did not taint the examination. She said there was plenty of communication via email and telephone. We’ll let others debate Cuccinelli’s opinion on the integrity of DOE’s probe. But his  that DOE investigators never visited Tech to conduct interviews is .
Statement: California Senator, Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein said if she could say to Mr. America and Mrs. America, 'Give me your guns, I'm rounding 'em up,' she would.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: January 7, 2016
Location: california
Topics: guns
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Cruz has claimed multiple times that Feinstein stated her desire to tell Americans "I want all of your guns," or "I'm rounding 'em up." When asked to show  of the , Cruz’s spokesman pointed to a short segment of a 60 Minutes piece that centered on Feinstein’s assault weapons ban from two decades ago. While Feinstein calls for an "outright ban" in the excerpt, a reasonable look at that sound bite, and a transcript of the full 60 Minutes interview, shows Feinstein is not referring to banning "all guns." Instead, she’s relaying that she failed to achieve her desired full ban on assault weapons. The full TV segment details a large loophole in the law that allows the sale and purchase of assault weapons made before the ban went into effect. Feinstein’s statement is clearly in response to concerns over that loophole. We rate Cruz’s  .
Statement: The Iran deal "handed billions of dollars of cash on cargo planes, sent it to a state sponsor of terror, and Tammy Baldwin was one of the first U.S. senators to get on board and support that.
Speaker: kevin nicholson
About the speaker: Republican Kevin Nicholson, a former Marine, announced in July 2017 that he would run in 2018 for the seat held by U.S. Sen. Tammy Baldwin, D-Wis. He is a business consultant who lives in Delafield, Wis.
Date: May 30, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: iran;foreign policy;nuclear
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The United States, in a transaction indirectly linked to the Iran deal, did send on a plane $400 million in cash to Iran. Iran was owed the money because it had paid the United States for military hardware in 1979 that was never delivered. Finally, Baldwin was not among the first senators to support the Iran nuclear deal. Thirteen other senators had announced their support before she did. For a statement that contains only an element of , we give Nicholson a .
Statement: Today roughly half of born-again Christians aren't voting. They're staying home.
Speaker: ted cruz
About the speaker: Ted Cruz is a U.S. Senator from Texas, first elected in 2012. Cruz also was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He is the former solicitor general for the state of Texas, previously serving as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as a domestic policy advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign, according to his campaign biography.
Date: March 23, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;elections;religion
Fact-check justification: Cruz said: "Today roughly half of born-again Christians aren’t voting." This may have been so in the 2000 presidential election year.  But if we’re talking about voting for president lately,  surveys suggest born-again Christian turnouts of 58 percent to 63 percent in 2012--meaning 42 percent of voters or fewer stayed home. We rate this statement, essentially a reminder that not all Americans vote, .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. UPDATE, 11:39 a.m., March 31, 2015: After we published this fact check, Cruz's campaign offered backup information for his . We've amended our fact check to include this information and related comments. These changes did not affect our rating of the statement.
Statement: The vast majority" of San Francisco's homeless people "also come in from — and we know this — from Texas. Just (an) interesting fact.
Speaker: gavin newsom
About the speaker: Gavin Newsom was elected governor of California in 2018. He is the state's former lieutenant governor and served as mayor of San Francisco. He is a Democrat.
Date: June 23, 2019
Location: california
Topics: homeless;housing;poverty;states
Context: an interview on "Axios on HBO"
Fact-check justification: California Gov. Gavin Newsom claimed the "vast majority" of San Francisco’s homeless people come in from Texas. San Francisco’s own homeless surveys contradict this. They show a large majority reported living in the city before becoming homeless, and just a fraction coming in from out-of-state.  Newsom’s office pointed to data from San Francisco’s bus ticket program for homeless people. But that defense doesn’t hold up. It shows just a small fraction, less than 7 percent, left for Texas, and doesn’t demonstrate that they originally came to San Francisco from that state.  In the end, we found Newsom made a  .  We rated it .   – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Seven days before John F. Kennedy was assassinated he said, "There's a plot in this country to enslave every man, woman and child. Before I leave this high and noble office, I intend to expose this plot.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 30, 2019
Topics: public safety;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "We’ve never found a match for this statement through any of these resources, and we haven’t been able to confirm it via secondary sources, either," Chandler said. Marc J. Selverstone, chair of the Presidential Recordings Program at the University of Virginia, told us that the Facebook post has no validity. "Never seen it in any reputable source," he said. We couldn’t find it in one either. We rate it .