chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Epstein's recruiter Ghislaine Maxwell's father Robert Maxwell gave Mitt Romney his first $2M investment and started him in business.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 28, 2020
Topics: candidate biography;history;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that Robert Maxwell — the father of the woman who allegedly recruited girls and young women for sexual exploitation by Jeffrey Epstein — gave Mitt Romney "his first $2 million investment and got him started in business." The $2 million from Maxwell did not start Romney in business. Romney had eight years of business experience before co-founding the Bain Capital investment firm. Moreover, Romney’s first fund at the firm was seeded by $12 million from Bain partners, although Maxwell was one of the early outside investors. This statement contains an element of  but ignores critical details that would give a different impression. We rate this .
Statement: You've got more people wanting to go moose hunting in New Hampshire than want Obamacare.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: November 18, 2013
Location: new hampshire
Topics: health care
Context: comments on “The Mike Huckabee Show”
Fact-check justification: Huckabee said that there are "more people wanting to go moose hunting in New Hampshire than want Obamacare." His statement is grounded in some verifiable data, but his wording choice casts doubt on the accuracy of the statement. On the one hand, at least 13,000 people applied to go moose hunting in New Hampshire this year, which is far more than the 269 who bought insurance through the new marketplace during the first month it was operational. However, it’s unlikely that only 269 people in New Hampshire want Obamacare. For starters, 7,817 New Hampshire residents were named on applications as potential enrollees. And others were likely scared away by the federal website’s technical problems, and the pace of enrollment was always expected to increase as deadlines neared. The bottom line is that no one can truly know how many people in New Hampshire "want Obamacare" at this early stage of enrollment. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Alex Jones "said that the victims of the Sandy Hook massacre were child actors and no one was actually killed there.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 1, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: children;education;families;history;crime;public safety;guns
Context: x
Fact-check justification: Clinton said Jones "said that the victims of the Sandy Hook massacre were child actors and no one was actually killed there." Clinton didn’t nail Jones’ wording. But the Austin broadcaster said quite clearly long before Clinton spoke that the day’s tragic events featured actors and also "pretty much didn’t happen." We find this statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Photo shows Donald Trump supporters protesting Joe Biden's visit to Allentown, Pa.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 29, 2021
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Biden was in the Allentown area on July 28 to talk in part about American manufacturing .  However, these photos were taken in October 2020 when Biden was campaigning for president and traveled through Dallas, Pa., a small town about 75 miles north of Allentown. "Supporters of President Donald Trump line the road as the motorcade for Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden makes its way to a drive-in campaign rally at Dallas High School on October 24, 2020 in Dallas, Pennsylvania," reads the caption of one of the images taken by Getty Images photographer Drew Angerer. News photos from Biden’s Pennsylvania visit on July 28 don’t include this image.   We rate these posts .
Statement: Says Carlos Lopez-Cantera "even voiced enthusiastic support for bringing an Arizona-style immigration law to Florida, calling the measure 'common sense.'
Speaker: allison tant
About the speaker: Allison Tant is the chairwoman of the Florida Democratic Party. A former lobbyist who lives in Tallahassee, she was elected to the post in January 2013. 
Date: July 15, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Tant said that Lopez-Cantera "voiced enthusiastic support for bringing an Arizona-style immigration law to Florida, calling the measure 'common sense.’ " Lopez-Cantera did call such a bill "common sense," and he expressed support for it after a committee voted in favor in March 2011. However, Tant omits that in 2010 Lopez-Cantera said he didn’t think such a law was necessary and by April 2011, after he took heat over it, he said he wouldn’t vote for the bill — and he never had to. Tant has cherry-picked one statement Lopez-Cantera made in favor of the bill while ignoring multiple statements he made opposing it. We rate her  .
Statement: Jim Dunnam "has not lived in the district he represents for years now.
Speaker: republican party of texas
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Texas says it promotes a conservative government philosophy in the Lone Star state.
Date: August 30, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The party’s statement hinges on what is meant by where someone "lives." By a strict interpretation -- the one used by the GOP -- that would be where Dunnam stays most often. But determining that would take significant detective work, far more than a few photos. A broader interpretation would allow for the possibility Dunnam hasn’t lived exclusively in his House district for years, but instead flits between -- and lives in -- both houses. Our take: The party’s statement has an element of , but more than that isn’t proven; we rate the statement .
Statement: In Japan, "permanent residency is not given to Muslims," the "propagation of Islam" is banned, "one cannot import a Koran published in the Arabic language," and "Muslims cannot even rent a house.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 16, 2015
Location: national
Topics: race and ethnicity;religion
Context: posts on the Internet
Fact-check justification: The graphic says that in Japan, "permanent residency is not given to Muslims," the "propagation of Islam" is banned, "one cannot import a Koran published in the Arabic language," and "Muslims cannot even rent a house." Each of these four statements is , and the overall point of the graphic -- that Japan keeps itself free from radical Islam by discriminating against all Muslims -- is dramatically off-base. We rate these claims .
Statement: The Oroville dam failure was entirely avoidable: California passed a $7.5 Billion water bond in 2014 but Jerry Brown didn't spend $1 on new water storage or improvements to existing infrastructure like Oroville.
Speaker: travis allen
About the speaker: Travis Allen is a Republican and a member of the California State Assembly, representing the Orange County area. He is a 2018 candidate for California governor.
Date: February 13, 2017
Location: california
Topics: infrastructure;state budget;the 2018 california governor's race;water
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Assemblyman Travis Allen recently claimed: "The Oroville dam failure was entirely avoidable: California passed a $7.5 Billion water bond in 2014 but Jerry Brown didn't spend $1 on new water storage or improvements to existing infrastructure like Oroville." State officials say there was no indication of problems with the dam’s main spillway, which developed a huge hole this week as officials released large amounts of water from the dam. Officials did, however, have warnings about the integrity of the dam’s emergency spillway, which experienced rapid erosion this week, triggering mass evacuations below the dam. Environmental groups warned in 2005 that the emergency spillway needed to be reinforced. Given those warnings, there’s some  to Allen’s  that the crisis could have been avoided. But there’s no , at this point, that state officials knew the dam’s main spillway was in jeopardy, something Allen does not point out. Allen’s other assertion that Gov. Jerry Brown hasn't spent a single dollar from the state’s recent $7.5 billion water bond on Oroville also doesn’t tell the whole story. That dam, and all others along the State Water Project, are ineligible for those funds. Allen's additional  that the state has yet to spend bond money on new water storage projects, ignores the fact that that money was precluded from being spent until December 2016. There’s no doubt there’s been a massive failure at Oroville. But Allen doesn’t prove the emergency was "entirely avoidable," particularly given the restrictions on state water bond money. Allen’s statement includes some aspect of . Overall, however, it overflows with  claims, ignores critical facts and context that would give a different impression. We rated Allen’s  .  –  The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/06997048-5135-4c69-81ff-59c0c9bb657f
Statement: We've introduced a bill that includes $12 billion in cuts over the next week.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: April 5, 2011
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a public statement
Fact-check justification: Boehner’s statement -- "we’ve introduced a bill that includes $12 billion in cuts over the next week and funds our troops through the year" -- is carefully worded. The bill does include $12 billion in cuts to discretionary spending, and it does fund the Defense Department, as he indicated. But we also think Boehner’s artful wording suggests a much larger cut than the bill actually delivers when the additional defense spending is included. Using the net figure for spending reductions would have been a more accurate description. On balance, we rate Boehner’s statement .
Statement: With regard to hurricanes, the National Oceanic (and Atmospheric) Administration tells us that actually, as difficult as they are, there are no more hurricanes today than there were 100 years ago.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: October 7, 2020
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change;natural disasters ;florida
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Pence said that NOAA said "there are no more hurricanes today than there were 100 years ago." The data from NOAA show there’s no major difference between the number of storms today and a century ago. But his statistic doesn’t mean a lot on its own. What matters more is the intensity of hurricanes, and how climate change and sea level rise will affect future intensity.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says COVID-19 vaccines have "experimental technology never before used on humans" and that some "contain nanochips which can electronically track recipients.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 29, 2020
Topics: public health;technology;privacy issues;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An image shared on Facebook claimed COVID-19 vaccines have "experimental technology never before used on humans" and that some "contain nanochips which can electronically track recipients."  The technology is new, but it was tested on humans. The vaccines don’t contain chips for tracking. We rate the image .
Statement: Among Syrian refugees, "there aren't that many women, there aren't that many children.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 4, 2015
Location: national
Topics: immigration;foreign policy
Context: an interview on ABC "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Trump said "there aren't that many women, there aren't that many children" among Syrian refugees. It appears Trump is conflating two different sets of refugees: Those 534,000 reaching Europe by sea, who are  men, and the 4 million Syrians in U.N. refugee camps, most of whom are women and children. Only about 10,000 refugees in the camps are slated for resettlement in the United States over the next year. Those making the perilous trip to Europe are not.  The priority refugees from this group would be torture survivors, people with serious medical conditions, unaccompanied children and teens, and women and children at risk. Those factors, coupled with background screenings, suggest they would likely not be ISIS operatives waiting to terrorize the United States. Trump's assessment of the refugee situation is badly mangled. We rate his statement .
Statement: Al Sharpton went to Ferguson, Mo., and is "declaring as a matter of fact that ... Michael Brown didn't use any deadly force or posed no deadly threat to the officer.
Speaker: megyn kelly
About the speaker: Megyn Kelly is a journalist with NBC News. Previously, she was a journalist at Fox News and hosted "The Kelly File" on weeknights. 
Date: August 25, 2014
Topics: criminal justice;public safety;punditfact
Context: a segment on "The O'Reilly Factor"
Fact-check justification: In criticizing Sharpton, Kelly said, Sharpton went to Ferguson, Mo., and is "declaring as a matter of fact that ... Michael Brown didn't use any deadly force or posed no deadly threat to the officer." That’s not exactly what Sharpton said, but it’s pretty close. The only possible caveat is Sharpton says he was speaking as a matter of opinion based on what he had so far, more than a matter of fact. That’s in the eye of the beholder. Kelly’s statement is accurate. We rate it .
Statement: Ché Guevara "wrote extensively about the superiority of white Europeans over people of African descent.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: April 14, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: history;race and ethnicity
Context: an interview on ABC's 'This Week'
Fact-check justification: Guevara has become an icon of rebellion, and he's also been reviled for ordering executions without trial. But did he write "extensively about the superiority of white Europeans over people of African descent," as Rubio said? Guevara’s words in The Motorcycle Diaries were highly critical of the blacks he came across in that Caracas neighborhood, and he placed them beneath Europeans. The experts we consulted said the remarks are real and would not have been unusual coming from a 24-year-old from Argentina at the time. Guevara’s quote about the Congo fighters lacking discipline could be interpreted as a criticism of their military readiness -- not a commentary on their race. We can’t fully evaluate the quote about blacks and the revolution without seeing it in full context. Experts said it was an exaggeration to suggest Guevara wrote "extensively" about racial superiority. Rubio’s comments gave the impression that Guevara wrote much more about the superiority of white Europeans over blacks than he did. And later in his life, Guevara made comments supporting racial equality. We rate this  .
Statement: The state of Wisconsin pays plumbers, engineers and other attorneys "much, much more" than it pays attorneys to represent poor people.
Speaker: marla stephens
About the speaker: Marla Stephens is the head of the appellate division of the Wisconsin state public defender’s office. She was an unsuccessful candidate for the state Supreme Court in spring of 2011, losing in the four-way primary.
Date: January 27, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;state budget
Context: a statement at a candidate forum
Fact-check justification: Attorney Marla Stephens said the state pays hourly rates to most lawyers, as well as to engineers and plumbers, that are "much, much more" than the $40 it pays private-practice attorneys to handle public defender cases. That kind of characterization is subjective. But the rates paid to other attorneys and to engineers are considerably higher. The rate paid to some plumbers is lower, and only when benefits are not included. We rate Stephens’ statement .
Statement: Says President Obama's new immigration plan "is amnesty.
Speaker: jim demint
About the speaker: Jim DeMint is a former U.S. Senator from South Carolina. He is now president of The Heritage Foundation .
Date: June 15, 2012
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling DeMint and other critics say the Obama plan is amnesty, but the facts of the plan indicate it's an exaggeration to describe it that way. Legally, amnesty focuses on a group of people and grants them a permanent pardon. The Obama administration’s policy could reasonably be said to focus on a group, but deferring deportation is not the same as forgiveness and the relief it offers is limited in time. Concerns about where this policy might lead are a valid topic for discussion, but go beyond what the policy actually says. We rate the  .
Statement: When LBJ started #WarOnPoverty, 14% of Americans lived in poverty. 50 yrs later, 14% still do. There's a #BetterWay.
Speaker: john shimkus
About the speaker: John Shimkus, R-Illinois, has represented Illinois' 15th Congressional District since 1997.
Date: June 7, 2016
Location: illinois
Topics: poverty
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Shimkus said, "When LBJ started #WarOnPoverty, 14% of Americans lived in poverty. 50 years later, 14 percent still do. There’s a #BetterWay Shimkus isn’t  saying the current poverty rate is 14 percent, according to the most recent data. But the figures in his tweet come from a measurement standard most researchers regard as obsolete. A more accurate and widely-accepted gauge of poverty is the Supplemental Poverty Measure, though neither Shimkus’ tweet nor House Speaker Ryan’s "A Better Way" acknowledge it. There’s also a problem with Shimkus’ timeframe. The War on Poverty began in 1964, but the tweet implies it dates only to 1966. Even using the obsolete Census Bureau "poverty rate" measure, there’s a 5 percentage point difference between 1964’s 19 percent and the 14 percent figure of 50 years ago in 1966. By that measure, the rate dropped 5 percentage points. Finally, his tweet implies the poverty rate remained stagnant from 1966 to today. As shown in the graph above, the poverty rate continuously has spiked and dipped over the past 50 years, with the sharpest increases coming during periods of recession.   We rate this
Statement: A photo shows Mike Tyson wearing a T-shirt with an anti-vaccine message.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 29, 2021
Topics: public health;sports;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: On April 29, 2021, Full Fact debunked a  that Tyson was wearing a shirt with a logo for "Plan-Demic," a documentary that touted conspiracy theories about COVID-19’s origins. The photo was a doctored screenshot from Tyson’s promotional video for the drink brand Smart Cups. We scoured news reports for any statements by Tyson about his views of the COVID-19 vaccines and didn’t find any. No split decision here. We rate this  .
Statement: Only 50 percent of students from Milwaukee public high schools "go on to a two-or four-year college.
Speaker: vicki martin
About the speaker: Vicki Martin is president of Milwaukee Area Technical College. She was named the 10th president of the school in June of 2014, having previously served as the school's executive vice president and provost.
Date: May 12, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education
Context: a presentation at a panel discussion
Fact-check justification: So, from that perspective, Martin’s statement actually overstates the number. In other words, the challenge of closing the skills gap is even bigger than she presented. Our rating Martin said only 50 percent of students from Milwaukee public high schools "go on to a two- or four-year college." Data backs her , though the method used dramatically understates how few students actually pursue higher education given the low graduation rate in MPS. For a statement that is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, we rate Martin’s  .