chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Democratic congressional candidate Tom Malinowski "supports a full repeal of the 2017 tax law, which includes vital tax incentives" for New Jersey communities.
Speaker: leonard lance
About the speaker: Leonard Lance is a Republican congressman representing New Jersey's 7th district.
Date: September 10, 2018
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a campaign statement
Fact-check justification: Lance says his opponent wants to repeal the entire Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. It is  that there was a tweet, a news story and a candidate statement in which the word "repeal" appeared without the addition of "replace." Malinowski’s spokesman said that in the single instance in which Lance linked the word "repeal" directly to his opponent, and not to a third party’s characterization, it was when Malinowski was talking solely about the SALT deduction. Malinowski wants to get the full SALT deduction back. "Replacing" it would make no sense, the spokesman said. That may be. But Malinowski has used the word "repeal" and been described by others including the CWA in New Jersey, which endorsed him, as supporting repeal. He and Lance disagree on other portions of the tax bill, but they both say they want to keep the Opportunity Zone tax incentives. Perhaps eventually there will be legislation that one of them -- the winner in November -- can vote on. Until then, there are words, and Lance was able to point to the word "repeal" several times. That doesn't mean he is totally correct on his opponent's intentions, however.  For these reasons, we rate Lance’s  .
Statement: Every "major newspaper in Texas calls" David Dewhurst "a moderate.
Speaker: club for growth
About the speaker: The Club for Growth is an anti-tax group.
Date: July 12, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: From 2003 through 2010, major Texas newspapers published a few stories referring to Dewhurst as a moderate. All but once, though, the references were made in editorial, opinion or commentary contexts, and usually to say that Dewhurst had been more moderate than another leader or to hope that he would show moderation. The single relevant straight-news reference to Dewhurst in this fashion says he was initially viewed as a conservative, though as more moderate than then-House Speaker Tom Craddick. That story also says Dewhurst had since advocated more GOP-backed causes and been seen as more partisan. Broadly, it's our sense that saying that every major Texas daily "calls" Dewhurst a moderate leaves the impression the newspapers -- either two or five -- have all done so routinely or lately and always without qualifying the descriptive. That’s not so. We rate the statement as . Update, 3:01 pm, July 23,2012 : This story originally gave the  title for the radio ad.
Statement: By voting to approve [Question 1], we can . . . save 900 jobs" at Twin River.
Speaker: coalition to bring jobs to r.i.
About the speaker: The Coalition to Bring Jobs to R.I. is a 501(c)4 nonprofit created by officials at the Twin River slot parlor in Lincoln, R.I., to promote passage of a referendum that would allow table games at Twin River.
Date: October 5, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;gambling;jobs;message machine 2012;state budget;workers
Context: a TV commercial
Fact-check justification: But the only way 900 jobs would be lost at Twin River would be if it closed, and nobody -- including Twin River -- is saying that's going to happen. Even if Twin River had to scale back its operation by 25 percent to 35 percent, that's not close to the 900 positions that Jobs to R.I. says are at risk. Because the company -- based on its own estimates -- is overplaying its hand, offering a statement that contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it  . (Get updates from PolitiFact Rhode Island on Twitter: @politifactri . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Data show that more white people than Black people are shot and killed by police.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: May 29, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: Some federal agencies, such as the FBI and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, keep track of fatal shootings by police. But those officials acknowledge that their data is incomplete, in part because it relies on voluntary reporting from police departments. "Since 2015, The Post has documented more than twice as many fatal shootings by police as recorded (by these agencies) on average annually," the newspaper reported. The TikTok video is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Says Brooke Baldwin said, "Don't hire veterans! They're too damaged to be trusted with authority.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 4, 2015
Topics: veterans;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post claims Baldwin said: "Don’t hire veterans! They’re too damaged to be trusted with authority." We didn’t find any credible  that she said that. The statement appears to be an interpretation of comments she made involving veterans during an interview, but it goes too far by presenting incendiary words as if Baldwin herself said them.  We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: A bounty of $80 MILLION has been placed on President Donald Trump's head by Iran as tensions between the country and the USA rise.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 6, 2020
Topics: foreign policy;facebook fact-checks
Context: on social media
Fact-check justification: Social media posts have said Iran has placed a bounty of $80 million on Trump’s head. A eulogist at Soleimani’s funeral made this proposal, but there is no  that it is something being seriously considered by the Iranian government We rate the statement .
Statement: Video shows trashed ballots for Donald Trump.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 9, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "Election officials take allegations of fraud seriously & report credible allegations of fraud to the appropriate authorities for investigation. That video is NOT fraud." We rate this  . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Covid is never going away! This is the beach today in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 4, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Other photos from that day are here . We’ve previously fact-checked a  that a different photo from this event showed Jacksonville Beach in Florida during the pandemic. Of course, that wasn’t  either.   And, um, Raleigh isn't on the coast of North Carolina.   We rate this post .
Statement: Photo shows a semi-truck that crashed with a Chevy pickup that cut in front of it.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 15, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported the same narrative.   "The deadly chain reaction started when a tractor-trailer headed eastbound struck a second tractor-trailer, which then struck the silver pickup truck, killing the driver and passenger," the newspaper said.   The photo suggests this is what happens to smaller vehicles that cut in front of big trucks on the highway. But this was no ordinary collison; it involved multiple vehicles that are not all pictured.   We rate claims that this photo shows a pickup truck that cut in front of a semi-truck .
Statement: Says Donald Trump boarded Marine One "with a portable oxygen concentrator in his pocket with the nasal cannula going up his back, hidden in his hair and tucked under his mask.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 3, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a series of images
Fact-check justification: We reached out to the White House and the Trump campaign for more information, but we haven’t heard back. The Facebook post is . We rate it . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: Repealing Obamacare saves "our nation more than $2 trillion.
Speaker: dave brat
About the speaker: Dave Brat represents Virginia's 7th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was first elected to the seat in 2014 after pulling of a stunning upset of Majority Leader Eric Cantor in a Republican Primary. He is active in the Freedom Caucus, a conservative wing of Republican congressmen.
Prior to Congress, Brat was chairman of the business and economics department at Randolph-Macon College. 
Brat, a midwestern native, has obtained a Masters in Divinity from Princeton Theological Seminary and a Ph.D. in economics from American University. He began teaching at Randolph-Macon in 1996.
Brat served two Governors on the Joint Advisory Board of Economists. He was president of the Virginia Association of Economists.
Date: March 17, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: debt;health care
Context: a written statement
Fact-check justification: Brat says the repeal of Obamacare, as envisioned in the House GOP budget proposal, would save "our nation more than $2 trillion." The congressman, an economist, gets his figure from an outdated CBO estimate of 10-year ACA costs. An updated analysis, published eight days before Brat’s statement, put the cost at $1.75 trillion. But there’s a much larger problem: Brat’s  only deals with the expense side of Obamacare and ignores a series of built-in special taxes and health care efficiencies that the CBO has said more than enables the program to pay for itself. Brat describes the repeal of the ACA as the death of its mandates, regulations and "all of the the tax increases." The CBO has estimated such a repeal -- instead of saving the nation money -- would wind up increasing federal deficits by $109 billion over 10 years. We rate Brat’s statement .
Statement: Says "Marco Rubio would take away a woman's right to choose for victims of rape or incest.
Speaker: patrick murphy
About the speaker: Patrick Murphy won his first seat in 2012 for the U.S. House of Representatives representing District 18 in Florida. Murphy lost a U.S. Senate race against Marco Rubio in 2016. 
Date: September 20, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: abortion;voting record
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Murphy said, "Marco Rubio would take away a woman’s right to choose for victims of rape or incest." Rubio has been a staunch opponent of abortion for years, but his position is subtly shaded. He thinks abortion should not be allowed unless the mother’s life is endangered. But he is willing to support legislation that contains exceptions allowing the procedure for victims of rape and incest. He has backed measures both with and without exceptions. Rubio has said if he had his way, he’d prefer to ban almost all abortions. But his record shows he’s willing to give at least a little ground on the issue, which Murphy has obscured in his ad. We rate the statement .
Statement: Dubious taxpayer-funded" stimulus spending -- Part II.
Speaker: ocean state policy research institute
About the speaker: The Ocean State Policy Research Institute was a non-profit, conservative organization that focuses on "crafting sound public policy based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, and traditional American values." It existed from July 2007 to July 2011. 
Date: July 29, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;federal budget;stimulus
Context: a report
Fact-check justification: all the way to a  ! (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.) (Update: This item was revised on May 8, 2014, to reflect the change in the name of the website for information about stimulus money and projects. The new URL is recovery.gov .)
Statement: Says Arrowhead Stadium "is considered the loudest stadium in the world.
Speaker: kiki curls
About the speaker: S. Kiki Curls is a Democrat who serves in the Missouri state Senate.
Date: January 22, 2019
Location: missouri
Topics: sports
Context: a hearing
Fact-check justification: Curls said Arrowhead "is considered the loudest stadium in the world." The Guinness Book of World Records says Arrowhead Stadium’s 142.2 dbA roar during the Sept. 29, 2014, game against the Patriots is the loudest crowd roar ever recorded at a sporting event. This record, along with other examples of extremely loud crowds at Arrowhead Stadium, gives Arrowhead legitimate  to the title of world’s loudest stadium. However, since the Guiness record is far from a perfect measurement, Curls’  could use some additional context. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Maxine Waters, Nancy Pelosi and Bernie Sanders have passed six bills in a combined 67 years.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 17, 2019
Topics: candidate biography;congress;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "But there are other legislative activities that we don’t track that are also important, including offering amendments, committee work and oversight of the other branches, and constituent services." Additionally, Pelosi has served as House speaker for seven years, nonconsecutively. That role is more focused on setting the party’s agenda than actually introducing bills, according to GovTrack. The Facebook post is . We rate it .
Statement: Muslims get their way--Illinois will permit wearing burqas in driving licenses photos
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 17, 2017
Location: illinois
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: A  news website said Illinois was going to allow Muslims to obtain driver’s licenses with their faces covered. A spokesman for the office that issues state identification said the  was . We rate this .
Statement: I'm prolife. I'm not going to apologize for becoming prolife. Ronald Reagan followed that same course, as did Henry Hyde and George Herbert Walker Bush. And I'm proud to be prolife.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: December 12, 2007
Location: national
Topics: abortion
Context: Johnston, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Hyde briefly considered backing the abortion-rights bill of a colleague. Bush at one time opposed outlawing abortion. Still, it's difficult to compare records on this issue because of the way the political landscape and dialogue has changed over the years. None of the three politicians Romney cites made so clear a change as he did, but he's not entirely  either. We rule Romney's statement .
Statement: The COVID-19 vaccine "will make the common cold/flu extremely lethal.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 9, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "  First, he said, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are designed to "work in conjunction with the common cold. "  The vaccines just work in conjunction with your immune system, he said. They’re designed to help your body create antibodies against the virus without causing illness. The vaccines can cause side effects , but the  that they will make flus and colds more deadly is baseless.   We rate this  .
Statement: Says the tax code is effectively subsidizing "the marketing efforts of fast food and junk food companies by as much as $19 billion over 10 years.
Speaker: dennis kucinich
About the speaker: Dennis Kucinich is running in the Democratic primary for governor of Ohio in 2018. Kucinich was elected to Congress in 1996. He previously served as a member of the city council and as mayor in Cleveland, the city where he was born in 1946. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Case Western University. He has been married since 2005 to Elizabeth Harper. He was married twice before and has one child. He withdrew from the presidential race on Jan. 25, 2008.
Date: November 2, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: children;health care;public health;taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: What's our take-home? PolitiFact examined Kucinich's legislation two years ago, when he made a statement about it that we found relied too firmly on a high-end estimate of its potential tax saving and implied a direct cash payout by taxpayers to the food industry. He chose his words more carefully this time. His assertion that the tax code provides a subsidy of "as much as $19 billion" needs additional information for clarification, but it is well supported. On the -O-Meter, his  rates .
Statement: When this campaign began, I said that we've got to end the starvation minimum wage of $7.25, raise it to $15. Secretary Clinton said let's raise it to $12.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: April 15, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;income
Context: New York
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "When this campaign began, I said that we’ve got to end the starvation minimum wage of $7.25, raise it to $15. Secretary Clinton said let's raise it to $12." Since the start of his campaign, Sanders has advocated for a $15 minimum wage. Since early on in her campaign, Clinton has supported the Fight for $15’s efforts in individual cities and states. But her official position is that she prefers a $12 federal minimum wage as a floor, allowing cities and states to go further. Sanders’ has a point that he is calling for a federal minimum wage that would be $3 more an hour than what Clinton says she favors. However, he misses the nuance that Clinton is also supportive of local efforts to raise the minimum wage to $15. We rate his  .
Statement: There was a "loss of eight million jobs during the Bush eight years.
Speaker: harry reid
About the speaker: Harry Reid is a former U.S. senator from Nevada. He served as the Democratic minority leader in the U.S. Senate immediately prior to leaving office.
Date: August 2, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;history;jobs
Context: a Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: It strikes us as a clear-cut case of cherry-picking. So where does this leave us? Reid is correct that more than 8 million jobs were lost in the United States during the recent economic downturn, but he’s flat  to say that it happened "during the Bush eight years." Compounding the error, Reid makes a direct comparison between Bush and Clinton, yet he uses one method that makes Clinton’s number seem strong and Bush’s number seem weak. We rate Reid’s statement .
Statement: Wisconsin has "no tracing program going on that we can speak of.
Speaker: scott fitzgerald
About the speaker: Scott Fitzgerald is a U.S. Representative, R-Wisconsin, for the state's 5th Congressional District. He took office in 2021. He previously served as the state's Senate Majority Leader. He was first elected as state senator in 1994.
Date: April 26, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: public health;states
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Fitzgerald said Wisconsin has "no tracing program going on that we can speak of." Wisconsin — like every other state — is still ramping up the capacity for tracing. And there have clearly been gaps in the work so far. But it’s a significant exaggeration to summarize that as having no program when hundreds of people are doing this work around the state. Tracing was being done around the state when Fitzgerald said this, and those efforts have continued to ramp up since.  We rate this  . window.gciAnalyticsUAID = 'PMJS-TEALIUM-COBRAND';
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Statement: Photo shows U.S. Rep. Lauren Boebert with two scantily dressed men.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: June 6, 2022
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: A photo of a woman posing with two scantily dressed men is being identified as Boebert on social media. There’s no  that the woman in the image is Boebert. The photo has been online and unassociated with the congresswoman for years. We rate this .