chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Images show the turnout for President Donald Trump's 2017 ceremony with the New England Patriots was smaller than the team's turnout with President Barack Obama in 2015.
Speaker: new york times
About the speaker: The New York Times is an American newspaper based in New York. The newspapers has been awarded 122 Pulitzer Prizes and citations, more than any other news organization.
Date: April 19, 2017
Topics: sports;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The New York Times ’ comparison made it appear the turnout for President Donald Trump's 2017 ceremony with the New England Patriots was smaller than the team’s turnout with President Barack Obama in 2015. While many Patriots players did skip the April 19 ceremony, some to avoid Trump, the use of the images together made a  equivalency. The 2015 photo shows not just players, but also Patriots staff members, while the 2017 photo does not. The New York Times updated their tweet and story, and the sports editor has apologized. While fewer players showed up at this year’s White House ceremony, it wasn’t drastically different than similar situations in prior years. If we’re talking just players, the team has said 34 players visited in 2017, compared to 50 in 2015. This  rates .
Statement: Says Obama flip-flopped on warrantless wiretapping.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: July 9, 2008
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: a news release from McCain spokesman Tucker Bounds
Fact-check justification: "It will allow a close look at past misconduct without hurdles that would exist in federal court because of classification issues," Obama said. None of that, however, negates Obama's promise to filibuster "any bill that includes retroactive immunity for telecommunications companies." He declined to do so. Obama's campaign did not respond to our request for comment. But in this case, it's clear that the McCain campaign's accusation of a flip-flop is .
Statement: Over-vaccination causes faster mutation of the (COVID-19) virus, which causes a super virus we may not have the ability to fight off.
Speaker: mary felzkowski
About the speaker: Mary Felzkowski is an American businesswoman and politician, currently serving in the Wisconsin State Senate, representing the 12th senatorial district. A Republican, she previously served four terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was assistant majority leader.
Date: February 15, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: Public statement
Fact-check justification: Felzkowski said "over-vaccination" causes the COVID-19 virus to mutate faster, which could produce a virus that humans may not be able to fight off.  But state and national experts agree that the virus is seeking to evade any form of immunity to stay alive, not just immunity from vaccines. In reality, vaccines can play a role in slowing mutation of the virus because vaccinated people are less likely to become infected and tend to recover quicker.  We rate her  .
Statement: We have a fire marshal that said, 'Oh we can't allow more people' ...  And the reason they won't let them in is because they don't know what the hell they're doing.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 29, 2016
Location: colorado
Topics: public safety
Context: a rally speech
Fact-check justification: Trump claimed, "We have a fire marshal that said, 'Oh we can't allow more people’....And the reason they won't let them in is because they don't know what the hell they're doing." The Colorado Springs fire marshal laid out a clear explanation of how he set the crowd capacity based on fire codes and the professional calculus of how many people can swiftly and safely be evacuated if an emergency occurs. A Trump campaign official signed a contract agreeing to comply with the fire department’s rules and the campaign was notified of the crowd limits a day before the event. In at least four states, the Republican nominee has accused fire marshals of incompetence or political favoritism during crowd-capacity disputes. But documents often show high-ranking campaign officials agreed to the restrictions in writing ahead of time. Someone call the fire department: This  is !    https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/379671fc-6bc4-45a4-8513-a07790cedf41
Statement: Two out of our last three governors in Virginia were investigated by the FBI. One went to jail and one is running for office again in this election.
Speaker: jennifer carroll foy
About the speaker: Jennifer Carroll Foy is seeking the 2021 Democratic nomination for Virginia governor. She was twice elected to the House of Delegates, representing Prince William County, and resigned mid-term in 2020 to focus on running for governor.
Carroll Foy is a public defender. She was born and raised in Petersburg, Va. She's a graduate of Virginia Military Institute, has a master's degree from Virginia State University and got her law degree from the Thomas Jefferson School of Law in San Diego. 
Date: March 16, 2021
Location: virginia
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a forum
Fact-check justification: Carroll Foy said, "Two out of our last three governors in Virginia were investigated by the FBI. One went to jail and one is running for office again in this election." She’s right that McDonnell and McAuliffe were investigated by the FBI during their terms, but Carroll Foy omits that McAuliffe was never accused of wrongdoing. McDonnell, on the other hand, was convicted of corruption and sentenced to two years in prison. The Supreme Court vacated his conviction, however, and McDonnell never spent a moment behind bars. Carroll Foy’s campaign acknowledges she misspoke on this part of her . Overall, we rate Carroll Foy’s statement . CORRECTION, April 5, 2021: An earlier version of this story had the  last name for Jake Rubenstein.
Statement: Says Congressman Jon Runyan has a "plan to raise Medicare costs $6,400 a year.
Speaker: shelley adler
About the speaker: Shelley Adler, a Democrat, is running to represent New Jersey's third congressional district.
Date: September 12, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2012
Context: a video posted on YouTube
Fact-check justification: Adler’s TV ad claimed Runyan has a "plan to raise Medicare costs $6,400 a year," suggesting the higher costs would impact current beneficiaries. But that figure is based on an old version of the Medicare reform plan, and does not account for changes made in the latest proposal. Also, that estimate does not apply to current beneficiaries, who could remain in the existing program. Since Runyan voted for the old plan, we give Adler’s statement a . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Illegal aliens cost the state of Rhode Island $400 million a year.
Speaker: terry gorman
About the speaker: Terry Gorman is president of Rhode Islanders for Immigration Law Enforcement.
Date: January 6, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: immigration;census;education;health care;crime;state budget;taxes
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: At the same time, he ignores mitigating factors, such as the taxes -- particularly sales taxes -- that even illegal immigrants pay to the state. The $400 million figure he repeatedly cites sounds authoritative. But three of his four categories are based on numbers that are outdated, grossly inflated or have no documentation. Thus, the inflammatory assertion that illegal immigrants drain the state of $400 million a year -- $400 for every man, woman and child in Rhode Island -- is  high. And because inflammatory,  assertions qualify for our worst rating, we rule  !
Statement: Says Rep. Renee Ellmers voted for the government shutdown 21 times.
Speaker: clay aiken
About the speaker: Former American Idol runner-up Clay Aiken is a singer, songwriter and activst who made an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. House seat in North Carolina's second congressional district in 2014.
Date: February 5, 2014
Location: national
Topics: congress;health care
Context: a YouTube campaign announcement
Fact-check justification: Aiken said Ellmers "voted for the government shutdown" 21 times. After reviewing the legislation, we found 26 votes from before and during the shutdown that were related. Ellmers consistently voted with Republicans, who wanted to defund Obamacare even at the cost of not funding other government functions. But not all of the votes contributed directly to a shutdown, and Aiken's 21-vote tally is inflated. The bulk of these votes are piecemeal appropriations votes, which were tactical maneuvers by Republicans to try to restart the more popular government functions without funding the health care law. Overall, Aiken has a point that Ellmers repeatedly voted with those who took positions against compromise. Most significantly, she voted for budget measures that precipitated a shutdown and also against the final compromise measure that re-started the federal government. But to say she voted 21 times for a shutdown is an exaggerated number. So we rate Aiken’s  .
Statement: National Guard doctors find hospitals empty of COVID patients.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 19, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: From our review the referenced story contains no factual information." The purported hospital administrative employee quoted in the story also is not a real person, the hospital told us.   A "Beth Johnson" is quoted in the story as saying that "7 of 14 ICU beds are in use" but that policy prohibited her from saying who was hospitalized there or why.   On Jan. 27, the hospital’s vice president and chief legal officer, Harry Kapralos, sent a cease-and-desist letter to Real Raw News, writing that claims including that the National Guard was assigned to the hospital were ", defamatory, and misrepresentative of the . "  We rate this post !
Statement: Photo shows "the plane that brings our dead military home. It is made so that when they shoot their salute for their service it looks like an angel carrying them home.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 29, 2021
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Their call sign is angel flight and they have priority in US air space. "   But this is .   This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .)
Statement: Photos show six fires around the world "in the last 24 hours.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 5, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This Facebook post shows images alongside a photo of the Beirut explosion that are described as occurring in other places around the world within the same 24 hours. For the most part, the post accurately describes the locations of the images, though the photo identified as Najaf appears to show the United Arab Emirates instead. These events were not all explosions, like the Beirut blast, and other than timing, there are no known connections. Some were fires and others have not been confirmed by officials in the countries where they were reported, as USA Today details in its fact-check of a similar post .   These incidents also did not all occur within 24 hours, as the post claims. But they did happen within a few days of each other.  We rate this post .
Statement: Charlie Crist was the only prominent Republican in the country to campaign with Barack Obama before the stimulus passed, on behalf of the stimulus.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: February 17, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: stimulus
Context: an interview with Fox News
Fact-check justification: The distinction with Crist is that Obama decided to hold a rally in Florida and not California. Rubio said Crist was the "only prominent Republican in the country to campaign with Barack Obama before the stimulus passed, on behalf of the stimulus." But Obama met with Vermont's Republican governor who then promoted the stimulus in nationally televised remarks. So while Rubio is right that Crist was an unusual Republican leader in endorsing the stimulus at a public event, he is  to say Crist was the only one. We rate his statement .
Statement: Every year the state loses 8,000-10,000 acres of land in bear country.
Speaker: new jersey sierra club
About the speaker: The New Jersey Sierra Club is the state's chapter of the nationwide environmental organization.
Date: May 17, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: environment
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: One professor acknowledged that the loss of bear habitat goes beyond the number of acres developed. The Sierra Club’s underlying point -- habitat loss leads to more bear-human conflicts -- also is in line with the perspective of an animal sciences professor. Still, the Sierra Club’s argument about the pace of development is undercut by the decline in construction activity statewide. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, join the conversation at www.NJ.com .
Statement: Borrowing in my 2015-'17 state budget is less than half that in my  predecessor's last budget and "the lowest it has been in a decade.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 3, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: debt;state budget
Context: his budget speech
Fact-check justification: It’s accurate if you compare the adopted budgets from that time to Walker’s proposed budget for 2015-’17 (which is all you can do right now). But the  needs clarification because Walker’s comparing his early-stage proposal to a 2009 final enacted budget after lawmakers and Doyle pumped it up. We rate it . ------ More on Scott Walker For profiles and stories on Scott Walker and 2016 presidential politics, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's Scott Walker page .
Statement: Walgreens refrigerators are scanning shoppers' hands and foreheads for "the mark of the beast," and that "if you don't have the mark later on, you won't be able to buy.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 31, 2021
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A video shared on Facebook claims Walgreens refrigerators are scanning shoppers’ hands and foreheads looking for "the mark of the beast," which is supposedly sported by those who are vaccinated against COVID-19. The video also claims that "if you don’t have the mark later on, you won’t be able to buy." The Cooler Screens in the video were designed to provide targeted advertising and promotions based on shoppers’ behaviors and other factors. The Cooler Screens at Walgreens do not collect identifiable information about shoppers. They are designed to help sell products to customers, not prevent customers from buying.  We rate this  !  UPDATE, Jan. 12, 2022 : This story has been updated with a comment from Cooler Screens. The rating is unchanged.
Statement: The University of Wisconsin System  "is larger than any business in the state of Wisconsin.
Speaker: dale kooyenga
About the speaker: Dale Kooyenga, born February 12, 1979, was elected as a Republican in the fall of 2010 to represent the 14th District for the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was re-elected in 2012. He lives in Brookfield in suburban Milwaukee. Kooyenga, an accountant, is part of the so-called "CPA Caucus" in the Assembly. He is a U.S. Army veteran of the Iraq War and earned a Bronze Star for his service, his official bio states.
Date: August 31, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Kooyenga said that the UW System is "larger than any business in the state of Wisconsin." He’s right when you consider employment within Wisconsin, which is the most obvious way to make such a comparison. By other measurements, such as annual revenue, there are many Wisconsin-based companies that are larger than UW. But that creates more of an apples-and-oranges comparison. We rate the statement .
Statement: Utah was "the No. 1 job creator in this country during my years of service" as governor, with a 5.9 percent increase in jobs.
Speaker: jon huntsman
About the speaker: Jon Huntsman was the governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009. He served as ambassador to China from 2009 to 2011. He is a Republican candidate for president in 2012. 
Date: September 7, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;states
Context: a Republican presidential debate at the Reagan Presidential Library
Fact-check justification: Huntsman’s campaign is able to point to government data to support its position that Utah was the No. 1 job creator in the U.S. during Huntsman’s tenure, and we see no  that they cherry-picked the data. Still, the BLS itself considers the data set used by the campaign to be less appropriate for the kind of comparison Huntsman is making, and, using the proper data set, Utah is fourth -- pretty high, but not first, as Huntsman said. On balance, we rate his statement .
Statement: There are not, nor have there ever been, any boycotts encouraged by our organizations.
Speaker: afl-cio
About the speaker: The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) is a voluntary federation of 56 national and international labor unions. The AFL-CIO was created in 1955 by the merger of the AFL and the CIO. The AFL-CIO represents 11.5 million members.
Date: April 28, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: unions
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: And unions clearly have been taking actions to support the anti-Walker boycott movement. Indeed, the state AFL-CIO called a news conference to highlight to the public it was taking a step that some of its member groups were withdrawing money from M&I Bank. What’s more, the average person does not view the issue from the legal perspective, but the practical result. They see union members protesting Walker and listing a gas station chain, bratwurst maker and many other businesses on a boycott Facebook page. We rate Neuenfeldt’s statement .
Statement: Says the congressional ethics investigation against him was conducted by "a very partisan political committee" in a way that "related more to the politics of the Democratic Party than to ethics.
Speaker: newt gingrich
About the speaker: Newt Gingrich is a political adviser and author. A former Georgia congressman, Gingrich served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Gingrich sought the GOP nomination for president in 2012.
Date: December 6, 2011
Location: national
Topics: bipartisanship;ethics
Context: an interview with Fox News' Greta Van Susteren
Fact-check justification: While it’s  that the Gingrich case became a vicious battlefield between the two parties, contemporary accounts and experts familiar with the proceedings agree that it was not ajudicated by "a very partisan political committee" in a way that "related more to the politics of the Democratic Party than to ethics." The ethics panel’s case only moved forward with the express consent of Republicans, including the committee’s chairwoman, and it was led by a special counsel who was not a Democratic partisan and who focused on substantive legal matters. Most notably, when it became time to vote, the House -- including nearly 90 percent of voting Republicans -- voted to support the committee’s recommendation. We rate Gingrich’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/446568e0-fc71-419d-9e66-ff56830901cb
Statement: Says it's not "accidental" that the villain in the Batman movie is named Bane.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: July 17, 2012
Location: national
Topics: pop culture;pundits
Context: his syndicated radio show
Fact-check justification: Limbaugh suggested it’s no accident that in a movie coming out four months before the presidential election, the villain bears the same name as the company formerly run by Romney and now being attacked by Democrats. In politics, conspiracies are everywhere if you look hard enough. But Limbaugh’s superpowers of persuasion can’t make this theory stand up. The villainous Bane first appeared in Batman comic books in 1993, long before Romney entered presidential politics. Even the character’s creator called a suggested link "." We rate this statement !