chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Ohio currently ranks 50th out of all states in income growth.
Speaker: lisa hamler-fugitt
About the speaker: Lisa Hamler-Fugit is the executive director of the Ohio Association of Second Harvest Foodbanks, which assists Ohio's 12 Feeding America Foodbanks in providing food and other resources to people in need. The organization was formed in 1995.
Date: June 1, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;income
Context: testimony before a House subcommittee
Fact-check justification: An analysis of data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis supports Hamler-Fugitt’s statement on income growth. That analysis covers a 50-year period. And while Ohio didn’t rank last using other gauges, the state does land in the bottom half. Those pieces of information provide clarification and context. On the -O-Meter, we rate Hamler-Fugitt’s  .
Statement: The "top ten most unhealthy U.S. cities" are San Francisco; Seattle; Portland, Oregon; San Diego; Honolulu; Washington; Austin, Texas; Irving, Texas; Portland, Maine; and Denver.
Speaker: dan bongino
About the speaker: Dan Bongino is a conservative commentator, radio and talk show host, and author who hosts "Unfiltered with Dan Bongino" on Fox News and "The Dan Bongino Show." He is a former police officer, Secret Service agent and Republican congressional candidate.
Date: February 5, 2022
Topics: corrections and updates;public health;pundits;punditfact
Context: a TV segment graphic
Fact-check justification: Reached for comment, Bongino attacked fact-checkers in an emailed response and blocked this reporter from viewing his Twitter feed. Matt Palumbo, the content manager for Bongino Report, said that the faulty graphic had already been corrected. We rate Bongino’s graphic ! Correction:   The segment aired at 9 p.m. ET; a previous version said 10 p.m. ET.
Statement: Says Jim Renacci has "consistently voted" for loopholes that "encourage outsourcing of our jobs.
Speaker: betty sutton
About the speaker: Rep. Betty Sutton is a Democrat from Ohio's 13th Congressional District.
Date: October 10, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: financial regulation;trade;voting record;taxes
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Yes, Renacci supports territorial taxation. But researchers are divided on the net effect this would have on U.S. jobs. And Renacci has demonstrated an interest in incentivizing repatriation, introducing legislation of his own legislation toward that end in 2011. This clashes with Sutton’s characterization that he consistently encourages outsourcing. On the -O-Meter, the  rates .
Statement: Says campaign contributions to her rival for a state House seat was money intended for schoolchildren.
Speaker: jill chambers
About the speaker: State House Rep. Jill Chambers has represented north DeKalb county near Buford Highway since 2003. She is best known for serving on the MARTA oversight committee known as MARTOC.
Date: September 27, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a recorded telephone message
Fact-check justification: And no one has been convicted. The contributions were not directly from Sutherland, as the call implied, and were not intended for children. They were from individual contributors who used their personal funds. This House race is smoking. We give Chambers a  for this one.
Statement: The results of Atlanta Public School's 2010 and 2011 CRCT tests "have not been questioned.
Speaker: beverly hall
About the speaker: Beverly Hall is former Superintendent for Atlanta Public Schools.
Date: August 10, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: Education Week
Fact-check justification: She had more than enough time to figure out that GOSA, special investigators and the AJC have questioned her results. Hall’s pants are more than singed. They’re blazing. She earns our lowest rating on this one. .
Statement: Says President Joe Biden told people to get vaccinated against COVID-19 to protect themselves from hurricanes.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: September 16, 2021
Topics: natural disasters ;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: social media platforms
Fact-check justification: A video shared across social media platforms purports to show Biden saying that getting vaccinated will protect people from hurricanes.  The video takes Biden of context and misleadingly captions his remarks. The full transcript and clip of his comments shows that he was encouraging people to get vaccinated to decrease the chance that they’ll become infected by coronavirus in the event that they have to stay at a shelter or evacuate from their homes.  We rate this  . ​
Statement: Tens of thousands of Atlanta households pay more than 30 percent of their income towards rent.
Speaker: matthew charles cardinale
About the speaker: Matthew Charles Cardinale is the CEO and news editor of Atlanta Progressive News and a housing advocate.
Date: September 13, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: housing
Context: the Saporta Report
Fact-check justification: A left-leaning housing advocate championed a scorecard of new housing development in Atlanta by claiming that "tens of thousands" of households in the city paid more than 30 percent of their income on rent. They do, whether looking at the city’s housing strategy plan or the 2012 U.S. Census estimates that shaped the report. By 2014, those estimates had grown even worse. And, Matthew Charles Cardinale would have been on target with an even more dramatic : More than a quarter of Atlanta households spent more than half of their incomes on housing. Atlanta faces the same challenges as other large cities in serving a growing rental population. To do so will require the right data. And Cardinale hits the mark with his  about affordable housing in Atlanta. We rate his  .
Statement: When Fidel Castro came into office, you know what he did? He had a massive literacy program.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: February 23, 2020
Topics: education;foreign policy
Context: an interview on CBS News' "60 Minutes"
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that when Fidel Castro "came into office" in Cuba, he "had a massive literacy program." Multiple reports confirm that. Using large scale mobilization, within two years of the revolution, over 700,000 Cubans were taught to read and write for the first time. Castro did not simply take office. He won a drawn-out military campaign and toppled the government in power. As for the literacy effort, in Castro’s own words, the goal wasn’t simply to teach, but to instill political beliefs. That’s important context to capture the nature of the literacy campaign. We rate the  .
Statement: A video shows "satanic death cult high priestess" Oprah Winfrey condoning and promoting "pedophilia and sex trafficking.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 26, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  She also said: "Thanks to the brave voices we’ve heard this week, many more will now be emboldened to come forward EVERY time this happens. "   But none of this amounts to  that Winfrey condones and promotes pedophilia and sex trafficking. To the contrary, she has repeatedly spoken out against it and, as is the case with "After Neverland," sought to raise awareness of its harms. We rate this  .
Statement: Poverty among Americans 65 and over is statistically unchanged" in recent years because of Social Security.
Speaker: rachel maddow
About the speaker: Rachel Maddow is the host of MSNBC’s “The Rachel Maddow Show”. She formerly hosted a radio program of the same name on the defunct Air America network.
Date: September 19, 2011
Location: national
Topics: poverty;pundits;retirement;social security
Context: on "The Rachel Maddow Show"
Fact-check justification: "And yet we still have 10 percent of seniors in poverty. If reducing poverty was our only goal, we could do a lot more while spending a lot less than we do."    In rating Maddow's statement, she's largely correct that Social Security keeps a significant number of older Americans out of poverty. But other programs also play a role. We rate her statement .
Statement: Three of our cities are among the top five worst cities in the U.S. for asthma.
Speaker: lamar alexander
About the speaker: Lamar Alexander is the senior senator from Tennessee.
Date: June 18, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: environment;energy;health care;government regulation;public health;regulation
Context: prepared remarks at a Congressional field hearing
Fact-check justification: Alexander wasn’t saying dirty air was the only reason Tennessee cities rank high on a list showing the most challenging cities in the country for asthma, just that the nation’s 17th-largest state placed three of its cities in the top five of those rankings. We rate that statement .
Statement: Says President Donald Trump is "talking about exterminating Latinos.
Speaker: nicolle wallace
About the speaker:  
Nicolle Wallace is an NBC News political analyst and host of MSNBC’s "Deadline: White House."
Date: August 5, 2019
Topics: immigration;punditfact
Context: on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Wallace said Trump is "talking about exterminating Latinos." Trump has frequently labeled the flow of immigrants an "invasion" and railed against "infested" areas of the country. But he hasn’t said anything about "exterminating Latinos." The context of the interview was about words and their meanings. If Wallace wanted to hold Trump accountable for what he’s said, then we have an obligation to do the same for her. We rate this statement !
Statement: After a decade of progress, the rate of uninsured children is now rising.
Speaker: amy klobuchar
About the speaker: Amy Klobuchar is a senator from Minnesota. Klobuchar was elected as senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Klobuchar received a bachelor’s degree in political science from Yale University and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School. In 2019, she announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 2, 2020.
Date: December 3, 2018
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Klobuchar said that the uninsurance rate for children is rising after a decade of gains. U.S. Census Bureau data show an increase last year. The uninsurance rate for children 18 and younger rose from 4.7 percent to 5 percent between 2016 and 2017. Progress since 2008 had been steady. The main caveat is that so far, we have just one year of data, and we're missing numbers for 2018. With that in mind, we rate this  .
Statement: Says Filipino news organizations are part of a plot to discredit President Rodrigo Duterte and destabilize his government.
Speaker: the manila times
About the speaker: An English-language daily newspaper in the Philippines.
Date: April 22, 2019
Location: national
Topics: civil rights
Context: a newspaper story
Fact-check justification: More recently, his spokesman contradicted earlier claims that the president provided him with a copy of the matrix and now says an unknown party texted it to him. "Unsubstantiated allegations of a plot against Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte relayed by the president himself create an immediate danger for critical journalists," said Steven Butler , the Asia program coordinator for the Committee to Protect Journalists. "The Duterte government needs to recognize that critical journalism is a key component of a healthy democracy, not  of a subversive plot." If such  does emerge, we’ll reconsider the allegations against the Filipino journalists fingered in the matrix. But for now, we rate this statement .
Statement: Says J. David Cox, "the boss" of the jail guards "who were supposed to keep" suspected sex trafficker Jeffrey Epstein alive, is also "friends with Bill and Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 12, 2019
Topics: criminal justice;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts say J. David Cox, "the boss" of the jail guards "who were supposed to keep" suspected sex trafficker Jeffrey Epstein alive, is also "friends with Bill and Hillary Clinton." Cox is president of a Washington-based national union for federal employees; he doesn’t work in a Manhattan jail or have authority over its guards. And though Cox supported Hillary Clinton’s run for the 2016 Democratic nomination, there is no  of a friendship beyond that. We rate the statement .
Statement: Because George Holding doesn't live in the congressional district he's running for, he "doesn't experience the same things that we are all experiencing.
Speaker: renee ellmers
About the speaker: Renee Ellmers is a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from North Carolina.
Date: May 19, 2016
Location: north carolina
Topics: congress;debates;redistricting
Context: a debate on WRAL
Fact-check justification: Ellmers said Holding doesn’t live in the 2nd District and thus doesn’t understand the experiences of its constituents. While he doesn’t live in the district, Holding does represent most of the people who will be in the new 2nd District. Some of the areas will be new to him, and he will lose some of his current constituents. But on the whole, if Holding wins the election, this district’s challenges and needs will be largely the same as his current district’s. We rate this  .
Statement: Businesses that refuse any legal tender can be fined and sued.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 15, 2020
Topics: legal issues;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Social media posts are claiming that businesses that don't accept cash are breaking the law and can be fined and sued. Whether this is  depends on where the business is. There is no federal law that says merchants must accept cash. But a handful of states and municipalities have passed laws barring businesses from refusing cash. The  is partially accurate, but it leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Biden is making 'maternity flight suits' so pregnant women can fight in the military.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 9, 2021
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The blog post claims that Biden is making "maternity flight suits" so pregnant women can fight in the military.  The Air Force has been working on making "maternity flight duty uniforms" available to its service members, an initiative that started during the Trump administration after airmen struggled to find uniforms that fit during their pregnancies.  According to the Air Force, it’s part of an effort to level the playing field for women and men serving in that branch of the military, and it allows women to keep performing their flight duties during pregnancy.  This is not a new initiative so that Biden can dispatch pregnant women to fight.    We rate this blog post .
Statement: Roughly one-fourth of rural Missourians are unable to purchase high-speed internet, which puts them at a disadvantage in everything from education to entertainment to health care.
Speaker: vicky hartzler
About the speaker: Rep. Vicky Hartzler, R-Mo., represents Missouri's fourth district. She was first elected to the House of Representatives in 1994.
Date: March 14, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: technology
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Hartzler said that one-fourth of Missourians who live in rural areas don’t have access to high-speed internet, but her numbers were based on an outdated FCC report from 2012 that used a much slower benchmark speed for internet. According to the most recent 2016 Broadband Progress Report from the FCC, which uses a benchmark speed of 25mbps/3mbps for high-speed internet, nearly 61 percent of Missourians living in rural areas don’t have access to high-speed internet. Hartzler’s point is definitely correct, but her numbers are out of date and , which exacerbates the problem even more. On balance, we rate this  .
Statement: In 2010, 2,694 young people were killed by gunfire. 1,773 were victims of homicide; 67 were elementary school-age children.
Speaker: college presidents
About the speaker: More than 300 college presidents signed on to an open letter pushing for stricter gun safety regulations.
Date: December 19, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: children;guns
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: It depends on who collects, compiles and publishes the data, as well as what is included in the numbers. In the case of the CDC data, it is virtually impossible to track down each death certificate from 2010 to verify the cause of death. Based on an examination of the WONDER data, the numbers appear accurate. It is important to note that the figure for the number of children and youths killed by guns three years ago includes causes such as suicides and unintentional discharges. We rate the college and university presidents’  .
Statement: Says she "wiped out" the state Agriculture Department's inspections of eggs at retail sites like grocery stores.
Speaker: susan combs
About the speaker: Susan Combs was initially elected as state comptroller in 2006. Previously, she served as Texas agriculture commissioner and in the Texas House. She didn't seek re-election in 2014.
Date: December 6, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: agriculture;regulation
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Retail checks continued while Combs was commissioner, with 1,955 in fiscal 2005 and 2,055 in fiscal 2006, according to data from the Agriculture Department. Other changes made in 2003: Black told us that the number of full-time positions devoted to inspecting eggs was reduced by 1.5 and that the department adopted a policy implementing Combs’ recommendation that it stop inspecting egg packing plants already inspected by the USDA. Upshot: While the number of annual egg inspections dropped after lawmakers acted, Agriculture Department inspectors continued checking eggs in stores — and still do. Combs’ statement rates .
Statement: He received "A" ratings from "every conservative organization that gives ratings.
Speaker: tom tancredo
About the speaker: Tom Tancredo is a former congressman from Colorado who ran unsuccessfully for the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. In 2010, Tancredo ran for governor of Colorado as a member of the Constitution Party and placed second to Democrat and then-Denver Mayor John Hickenlooper.
Date: October 21, 2007
Location: national
Context: Orlando, Fla
Fact-check justification: Omitted from that list, however, is the powerful, fiscally conservative group, The Club for Growth. The Club for Growth, known for mounting serious primary challenges against Republican incumbents it feel aren't conservative enough, has been keeping tabs on Members of Congress since 2005, said Club for Growth spokesperson Nachama Soloveichik. Tancredo's score, on a scale of 0-100, was an 88 in 2005 and an 80 in 2006. Soloveichik tells PolitiFact that although they haven't translated the numerical scores into letter grades, members must score a 90 or above to earn their "Defender of Economic Freedom Award," and Tancredo fell short of that. So overall, we give his  a .
Statement: In the past year alone, Ohio businesses have created more jobs than almost every other state in the country.
Speaker: jobs ohio
About the speaker: JobsOhio is a corporate non-profit set up by the state of Ohio to create jobs and build the state's economy.
Date: November 17, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: A second later, the ad’s narrator added: "And it’s only the beginning." That qualifier is appropriate given the perspective Zeller supplied. Considering Ohio’s size, a statement about the state’s comparatively high level of job creation is not the ultimate benchmark of success. JobsOhio seems to realize this. On the -O-Meter, the agency’s statement rates .
Statement: Under a proposed bill, a $100,000 home's flood insurance premium would be "maybe $200 or $300 annually.
Speaker: gus bilirakis
About the speaker: Rep. Gus Bilirakis is a Republican Congressman from Florida. He represents the 9th Congressional District, an area north of Tampa Bay.
Date: January 2, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: housing
Context: a Bay News 9 interview
Fact-check justification: Bilirakis told Bay News 9 his bill would limit a $100,000 home’s flood insurance bill to "$200 to $300 annually." That didn’t add up to us, and when we asked his office about it, they told us he meant to say "monthly", not "annually."   We do appreciate it when elected leaders admit they’re . Unfortunately for homeowners paying for flood insurance, Bilirakis used the  word in the interview, and we have to rate the wording of this particular statement .
Statement: Obama "won health care for 150,000 people.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 8, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Fact-check justification: Adult enrollment increased by 100,458 between 2003 and 2006. That comes to a total of 155,879. Of course, it bears noting that expansion of health insurance was a big goal of the Democratic governor who signed the bill, and Obama's legislation had a co-sponsor, a Republican, in the Illinois House. But the simplicity of his  is hard to dispute, and being able to work with others to achieve goals is a theme of the ad in which he makes the . It all ads up to .
Statement: Florida has the most concealed weapon permits in the nation, "nearly double that of the second state, which is Texas.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: April 10, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: corrections and updates;guns
Context: a speech to the NRA
Fact-check justification: Bush said Florida has the most concealed weapon permits in the nation, "nearly double that of the second state, which is Texas." There are three parts to this . On the first one, Bush is correct that Florida leads the nation in the sheer number of gun permits -- the most current figure is nearly 1.4 million. However, eight states have a higher per-capita rate of gun permits than Florida. When he says that Florida has "nearly double" the number of permits as Texas he is in the ballpark -- Texas has about 826,000. So Florida has about 1.7 times as many permit holders. Where Bush misses the mark is when he says that Texas is the second state in terms of gun permits. Current data from the Pennsylvania state patrol showed slightly more than one million permits -- so more than Texas. On balance, we rate this  . Clarification: This report has been changed to clarify that   probate judges report the number of applications for weapons licenses, not completed licenses.