chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Thanks to failed Dem policies, beer is 9.1% more expensive.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: June 28, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: alcohol;economy
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Johnson claimed in a tweet that the price of beer has risen 9.1% because of Democratic policies enacted in the U.S.  While the price of beer did rise 10.7% starting in April 2020, some of that increase came on Trump’s watch — and prices have been steadily rising since the late 1990s.  And although policies enacted by Democrats, such as the American Rescue Plan, have played a role in inflation, there are many other factors that are influencing the rising costs of goods and services, such as the fallout from the pandemic, the war in Ukraine, changes in the labor market and rising energy costs.  We rate this  , meaning it’s partially accurate, but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.
Statement: In fact, the data coming in from some states that have legalized marijuana is that they actually see a decrease in use over time, particularly among young people.
Speaker: liz krueger
About the speaker: New York State Senator Liz Krueger was first elected in 2002 and represents parts of the East Side of Manhattan. 
Date: March 30, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: marijuana
Context: a floor debate
Fact-check justification: Krueger said data from "some states" that have legalized shows a decrease in use over time, particularly among young people.  The data shows youth usage has been stable, or with a decrease according to some research. Other research has shown, meanwhile, that legalization could actually thwart a downward trend in youth usage, and that problematic use among teens could increase after legalization.  Krueger’s statement could leave the listener with the impression that there is a relationship between legalization and lower rates of youth marijuana usage. Some research might support this, but certainly not all of it, and researchers warn that more study is necessary.   We rate this .
Statement: Says TriMet spends "$10.3 million in police contracts" a year for 56 transit police who must respond to non-transit calls
Speaker: amalgamated transit union
About the speaker: Amalgamated Transit Union Local 757 represents drivers, mechanics and support staff for TriMet, the regional area's bus and light-rail transit system.
Date: June 13, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: public safety;transportation;unions
Context: a newspaper ad
Fact-check justification: We suppose that is in the eye of the beholder. Must transit police respond to non-transit related calls? Yes, that’s because they are sworn officers who must respond to whatever calls roll in, just like any law enforcement officer on the job. The statement is accurate but needs clarification as to number of officers and why they’re not dedicated solely to TriMet. We rule the statement .
Statement: Photos show Queen Elizabeth II was a "Luciferian.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 12, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Gorsedd's creator "put his own spin on druid influences but remained firm in his Christian beliefs," the BBC said, and the group’s primary mission was "to honor the literary achievements of Welsh poets and prose writers — and not pagan gods." Dr. Cathryn Charnell-White, an expert on the group’s founding, told the BBC, "There’s no pagan link there at all. "  Sky History reports that Luciferians, meanwhile, date back to the 13th and 14th centuries in Europe and "wanted to restore Lucifer to his righteous place in heaven." Photos of a young Elizabeth participating in a cultural festival in Wales does not mean that she is a Luciferian. We rate this post .
Statement: Beware - George Soros is starting a Fake News site in Missouri
Speaker: liberty alliance
About the speaker: Liberty Alliance is a conservative advocacy group in Missouri.
Date: October 14, 2020
Location: missouri
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Liberty Alliance said, "George Soros is starting a  News site in Missouri," referring to the Missouri Independent, but there’s no  of Soros being involved. Liberty Alliance points to the Missouri Independent’s parent organization, States Newsroom, and its ties to the Hopewell Fund as . But IRS tax forms tell us that Soros’s foundations have not given any money to the Hopewell Fund, States Newsroom or the Missouri Independent. Soros does not serve in any sort of officer capacity for these organizations. The Missouri Independent is not a " news" site. It’s a news organization covering state government politics and policy — not a website peddling hoaxes. Therefore, we rate this  .
Statement: Every new Republican member of the U.S. Senate said they "will vote to repeal and replace Obamacare.
Speaker: sean hannity
About the speaker: Sean Hannity is a conservative political commentator and hosts a nationally syndicated radio show, as well as two television shows on the Fox News Channel. In a 2013 interview Hannity said that he is a “registered Conservative” and ”not a Republican, though people often mistake me for one.” Hannity has authored three books.
Date: November 5, 2014
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of "Hannity" on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Hannity said that the new Republican senators campaigned on a platform to repeal and replace Obamacare. All 10 new Republican senators said during their campaigns either that Obamacare should be repealed or that they had voted to repeal it. The record on replacement is a little more nuanced. Republicans generally either explicitly say they want to replace Obamacare or more generally talk about health policy changes they support or parts of the Affordable Care Act that they’d like to keep. Bottom line, Hannity is clearly right on the trend line. We rate his  . UPDATE: After our fact-check published, Sasse's office pointed out additional details Sasse offered in his plan to replace Obamacare. Those comments are now included in this article. The rating remains .
Statement: Says he was the first local official to endorse Barack Obama
Speaker: ed fitzgerald
About the speaker: Ed FitzGerald is Cuyahoga County's first county executive. He took office in January 2011 when a charter form of county government took affect. Prior to his election as county executive, he was mayor in the city of Lakewood. He also has been a congressional staff member, an FBI special agent, a practicing lawyer and assistant county prosecutor and an elected city councilman.
Date: January 26, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: elections
Context: a speech to Ohio College Democrats
Fact-check justification: So even if he was the first or, more precisely, one of the first, he might have overstated the importance of his endorsement. And Jones rightly questions whether it can be proven who, technically, was the first. FitzGerald is unable to offer proof. The gubernatorial prospect’s statement has an element of , but leaves out critical information that would give a different impression. On the -O-Meter, FitzGerald’s  merits a rating of .
Statement: Says Florida has "the second-lowest taxes, per capita, state taxes of any state in the country.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: April 7, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: a Pensacola jobs roundtable
Fact-check justification: Scott said Florida has "the second-lowest taxes, per capita, state taxes of any state in the country." Based on our own calculations, as well as a credible analysis from the Tax Foundation, Florida has the second-lowest state taxes per capita (behind Alaska). When you include our middle-of-the-road local taxes, Florida still hovers around the bottom for per capita taxes, but it’s not the second-lowest. And it’s important to remember that just because a state’s per capita taxes is low, it doesn’t mean everyone in that state has low taxes. Scott’s measurement is accurate but doesn’t quite tell the whole story. We rate Scott’s statement .
Statement: We have that program where immigrants come here and they have to bring a million dollars in order to get a green card if they're going to create jobs.
Speaker: jeff greene
About the speaker: Jeff Greene, a wealthy businessman from Palm Beach, lost the Democratic primary for Florida governor in August 2018. He campaigned for the U.S. Senate and was defeated in the Democratic primary on Aug. 24, 2010.
Date: June 22, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a U.S. Senate Democratic primary debate
Fact-check justification: There is a program where immigrants can funnel $1 million into the U.S. economy in exchange for some legal rights. But successful applicants do not immediately receive a green card as a reward for their investment. And, contrary to Greene's assertion, immigrants don't "have" to participate in this exchange. They can obtain either a visa or a green card through other avenues that would also allow them to create jobs. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Condoleezza Rice said, "If you are taught bitterness and anger, then you will believe you are a victim. You will feel aggrieved and the twin brother of aggrievement is entitlement. So now you think you are owed something and you don't have to work for it and now you're on a really bad road to nowhere because there are people who will play to that sense of victimhood, aggrievement and entitlement, and you still won't have a job.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 3, 2018
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: However, it is clear that she is advocating for Republican candidates in both speeches.   As for other elements of the quote in the Facebook post, we couldn’t find  that Rice made those statements. If such  emerges, we’ll update this fact-check accordingly.   In the meantime, while this Facebook post does pull from statements Rice has made, this doesn’t appear to be a direct quote from Rice, or a shot at the Democratic Party.   We rate it .
Statement: Says Kamala Harris "advocated for restoring voting rights for the Boston bomber.
Speaker: nancy mace
About the speaker: Republican Nancy Mace has been a state representative in South Carolina since 2018. In 2020, she ran for the seat held by U.S. Rep. Joe Cunningham, D-S.C.
Date: August 11, 2020
Location: california
Topics: civil rights;criminal justice;elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Mace claimed that Harris "advocated for restoring voting rights for the Boston bomber." Harris has not said that she would advocate for giving the surviving Boston marathon bomber the right to vote, only that she is open to a conversation about it. She emphasized that people who had served their sentences and been released should be able to vote.  Mace’s statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That meets our definition of .
Statement: California's Proposition 1 includes "a right to abortion up-to-birth.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 31, 2022
Location: california
Topics: abortion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Under current law, abortions are permitted beyond the point of fetal viability to preserve the health or life of the mother. We rate this  . Read this fact-check in Spanish . RELATED ARTICLE:   Opponents of California’s abortion rights measure mislead on expense to taxpayers
Statement: 380 Americans have been killed in 294 mass shootings in 2015 alone.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: October 2, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Wasserman Schultz said, "380 Americans have been killed in 294 mass shootings in 2015 alone." She cited the crowdsourcing site Mass Shooting Tracker, which showed 379 people killed in 296 mass shootings. But Mass Shooting Tracker uses an extremely broad definition of what many people would consider a mass shooting. If she had used a more restrictive definition that only counts incidents with deaths, as the federal government does, she would have come up with a much lower number. The Congressional Research Service counted 25 incidents in 2013, compared with 363 incidents counted by Mass Shooting Tracker. The  is partially accurate but takes things out of context. We rate this  .
Statement: Joe Biden gave his used face mask to Stephen Breyer.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 28, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "  In another video of the appearance posted on YouTube by the White House, Breyer can be seen removing a white mask from his pocket and putting it on after he speaks and before Biden hands him a white mask from the podium.   We don’t know if both masks were Breyer’s, or if the white mask Biden passed to Breyer was left by someone else. But what is clear is that Biden didn’t hand Breyer his own used mask.   Throughout this moment, Biden can be seen holding the black mask he removed from his own face. He did not give it to Breyer, and we rate posts that  otherwise .
Statement: Says he has "always" believed "in a woman's right to choose.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: April 12, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: abortion
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: In 2010, his campaign said that Crist would "fight for pro-life legislative efforts." There are other times when Crist made statements in favor of abortion access, such as when he said he would not be in favor of repealing Roe v. Wade. But on the whole, he takes it too far when he says he "always" supported a woman’s right to choose an abortion. We rate this statement . PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: The Washington D.C.-area "never has a recession.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: September 24, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: economy
Context: radio interview
Fact-check justification: Huckabee said the metropolitan Washington area "never has a recession." Data from Moody’s Analytics show the region has had consecutive quarters of GDP retraction - a common measure of recession - three times in the past four decades. Three economists said the region has experienced downturns, albeit not as deep as most of the nation. We rate Huckabee’s  .
Statement: Says he was sued by the NRA and the gun lobby "all because in my city we refused to repeal an ordinance which said you couldn't shoot guns in city parks.
Speaker: andrew gillum
About the speaker: Andrew Gillum won the Florida primary for governor in August 2018 and lost the November election to Ron DeSantis. He is a former mayor of Tallahassee and member of the Tallahassee city commission.
Date: August 29, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: government regulation;regulation;guns
Context: an MSNBC interview
Fact-check justification: Gillum said that he was sued by the NRA and the gun lobby "all because in my city we refused to repeal an ordinance which said you couldn’t shoot guns in city parks." Gillum was among Tallahassee elected officials sued by two gun rights groups for not repealing a decades-old ordinance restricting the use of firearms in city parks. The local ordinance had been deemed null and void by a state law and not been enforced. The NRA supported the groups and filed an amicus brief, but it was not a formal party in the litigation. Other gun rights groups were the plaintiffs. Gillum’s statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate it .
Statement: The city of Nelson, Ga., is "quieter than Mayberry.
Speaker: b. heath mitchell
About the speaker: Nelson, Ga police chief
Date: April 2, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: crime;guns
Context: newspaper article
Fact-check justification: Nelson’s leaders opted for an entirely different style of governance by requiring each head of household to own a firearm and bullets. Many small cities with low crime, such as Nelson, liken themselves to Mayberry. But living up to the extremely high standards set by that fictitious town is almost impossible. We rated Mitchell’s  . Staff writer Eric Stirgus contributed to this article.
Statement: CNN tweeted about "brave children" in Ukraine signing up to fight Russia.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 15, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The photo in the post was taken in 2017. It was published in a March 30, 2022, story by CNN about the Azov Battalion of the Ukraine military. In that story, the photo caption says it was taken outside Kyiv on July 14, 2017, and shows "a student at a paramilitary camp for children call(ing) the rank to attention." The AP confirmed with the photographer, Alex Masi, that it was taken at a "summer camp from 2016-17, where kids learn about the realities of war." CNN did not tweet about "brave children" in Ukraine signing up to fight Russia, and we rate the  !
Statement: Says Kelly Loeffler "welcomed the support of a QAnon conspiracy theorist, and she sat down with a white supremacist for an interview.
Speaker: raphael warnock
About the speaker: The Rev. Raphael Warnock is a U.S. Senator from Georgia elected in a special runoff election in January 2021 and running for re-election in 2022. Warnock, a Democrat, served as the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, located in Atlanta. The church's former pastors include the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.
Date: December 6, 2020
Location: georgia
Topics: candidate biography;civil rights
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Warnock said Loeffler "welcomed the support of a QAnon conspiracy theorist, and she sat down with a white supremacist for an interview." Loeffler did welcome the endorsement of her campaign by a QAnon supporter. Loeffler gave an interview to a man who has praised a prominent white nationalist and who, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center, "collaborated for years with white supremacists." The center does not include the interviewer on its list of white nationalists, but says it is continuing to investigate him. We rate Warnock’s statement . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: Says "Morgan Carroll opposed requiring convicted sex offenders to register their online profiles, making it harder to track online sex offenders and child predators.
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: November 25, 2016
Location: colorado
Topics: corrections and updates;criminal justice
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The NRCC said, "Morgan Carroll opposed requiring convicted sex offenders to register their online profiles, making it harder to track online sex offenders and child predators." The NRCC blows one of Carroll's committee votes out of proportion to make it sound like she was philosophically against this policy. Carroll did vote to kill the orginal sex offender bill in committee, because she -- along with other Democrats -- said the bill lacked language to prevent a sex offender from creating an email address with a  name to evade tracking. But she voted for successful passage of another tracking bill with teeth when it was in the House. It required law enforcement to verify a sex offender's email addresses, and it carried criminal penalties for anyone who provides  information about their email or other online identities. When that bill came back from the Senate, the tougher enforcement measures had been stripped out, and Carroll voted against it. The NRCC ad ultimately distorts Carroll's position by saying she opposed making sex offenders register their online profiles when she actually fought for tougher enforcement. We rate this statement . Editor's note:  This fact-check originally posted with a rating of . Shortly after publication, the NRCC pointed out Carroll's vote against the final measure when it came back from the Senate, which we did not consider. We updated the piece and revised the rating. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/967b2e0d-12c3-4508-9b55-838e2db70b9c
Statement: Washington, D.C., had some of the strictest gun laws in the country. And when they passed them, violence skyrocketed.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: January 17, 2013
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;drugs;crime;government regulation;public safety;guns
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Rubio, expressing his disappointment in Obama’s recent actions to prevent gun violence, argued they wouldn’t solve the problem. "Washington, D.C. had some of the strictest gun laws in the country," he said. "And when they passed them, violence skyrocketed." Crime statistics don’t support Rubio’s simple story. Rather than skyrocket, violent crime rose and fell, rose and fell. Other social and demographic factors played a larger role than gun laws. And one peer-reviewed study about gun laws’ role in violent crime through 1987 showed they reduced homicides and suicides. Rubio’s statement is partially accurate — in some years, violent crime in the District of Columbia did rise even with a handgun ban in place — but leaves out important details and context. We rate his  .