chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Marco Rubio tried to insert "$1.5 million for a rowing institute" into the state budget.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: September 20, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: message machine 2010;state budget;voting record
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: And that request, as we now know, wasn't made by Rubio, but Poppell.  And just to be even more clear, the rowing center appropriation had its own line in the budget. (See here , page 345). To tie Rubio to the rowing center is an oversimplification of how the state budget process works -- a process Crist as a former state senator knows quite well. We rate his  !
Statement: An adenovirus is a combination of viruses, gastrointestinal virus, pneumonia and COVID-19 mixed together to "kill our children.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 3, 2022
Location: national
Topics: children;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In addition, the J&J shot is not authorized for anyone under 18.   In light of the recent hepatitis cases in children that may be tied to adenoviruses, a Facebook video claims that the outbreak was developed by mixing gastrointestinal virus, pneumonia, and COVID-19 in order to kill children. Adenoviruses are not new, nor have they been developed to kill children. They are a group of viruses that cause common infections, ranging from mild colds to pneumonia. We rate this  .
Statement: It's actually easier for the United States to get flight manifests from E.U. nations than it is for E.U. nations to get them from their own neighbors, thanks to an agreement the U.S. negotiated when I was secretary of state.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: March 23, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: remarks at Stanford University
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "It’s actually easier for the United States to get flight manifests from E.U. nations than it is for E.U. nations to get them from their own neighbors, thanks to an agreement the U.S. negotiated when I was secretary of state." Clinton’s  is, for the most part, on target. The European Union has an agreement with the United States to provide passenger name records for all U.S.-E.U. air travel. While this was  negotiated before Clinton took office, the final push happened in 2011, when she was serving as secretary of state. Countries within the European Union do not have a uniform passenger name record collection policy, so they might not be able to share the same information amongst each other as easily. However, the European Union is on the verge of enacting a policy that would require passenger name record collection for all flights entering and leaving the union. We rate Clinton’s  .
Statement: Says Jeb Bush -- not Charlie Crist -- signed legislation that let Duke Energy collect money for nuclear projects.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: October 15, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: debates;energy
Context: Davie
Fact-check justification: Crist said former Gov. Bush signed legislation allowing utility companies to charge customers for power plants that were never built. Scott and Republicans point to a 2008 amendment that Crist signed into law, but this amendment never led to any charging of customers for either facility at issue -- the Crystal River plant or the uncompleted Levy County plant. Instead, the operative law was signed in 2006, when Bush -- Crist’s Republican predecessor -- was governor. And ironically, it’s Scott whose decision has allowed a utility company to potentially benefit from the measure Crist signed. We rate Crist’s statement .
Statement: Biden confirms agenda to microchip the masses
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: December 9, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: You will rule on that. And, judge, I need to know whether you will be a justice who believes that the constitutional journey must continue to speak to these consequential decisions, or that we have gone far enough in protecting against government intrusion into our autonomy, into the most personal decisions we make. Judge, that is why this is a critical moment." The president-elect has not called for microchipping people who receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and there’s no  the vaccine is a "stepping stone" toward tracking people The Instagram post is  and makes a  . We rate it !
Statement: In California, "the windmills are killing hundreds and hundreds of eagles.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: environment;energy
Context: a speech on energy policy
Fact-check justification: Trump said that in California, windmills are killing hundreds and hundreds of eagles. The best estimate is that about 100 golden eagles die each year from collisions with wind turbine blades. The data are not perfect, but the people most concerned about the welfare of the eagles do not go along with Trump’s figure. While the data are sketchy, the information at hand tells us that windmills were more deadly in the past, but today, fewer turbines, new designs and better siting have reduced fatalities. Trump is correct that California wind farms are a threat to eagles but not on the magnitude he suggested. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this  .
Statement: Obama taps porn lawyer for #2 at Justice.
Speaker: fidelis
About the speaker: According to its Web site, Fidelis "is the universal name for a group of Catholic-based political, legal, research and educational organizations whose collective mission it is to formulate, promote, and defend public policies that uphold religious freedom, human life from conception to natural death, and the traditional institutions of marriage and family."
Date: February 3, 2009
Location: national
Topics: legal issues
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: That's just not the case. Ogden's work with adult-oriented companies came more than 15 years ago, and only reflects a fraction of his body of work as an attorney both in private practice and for the government. And we appreciate Ogden's point — made repeatedly in the hearing — that lawyers sometimes take a position on behalf of a client that doesn't necessarily reflect  the views of the attorney. Still, it is undisputed that Ogden once did significant legal work on behalf of Playboy and other adult businesses, no matter how many years or clients ago it was. And so we rate the comment .
Statement: I have a D-minus voting record from the NRA.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: January 19, 2016
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: Underwood, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Sanders said he has a "D-minus grade" from the NRA. He’s accurately referring to the most recent assessment from the gun lobby group in 2012. The NRA has not issued a more recent evaluation for Sanders for the 2016 primary election. It’s worth noting that the grade is a few years old, and that his rating has been higher in previous election cycles. Still, a D-minus is far from a full-throated endorsement. His  is partially accurate but needs more clarifying information, so we rate it .
Statement: Allegiant Air is rewarding everyone with 2 free plane tickets to celebrate April Aviation Week!
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 22, 2018
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: We’ve debunked similar posts claiming to offer two free tickets to fly on Southwest Airlines and on Delta Air Lines after the completion of surveys. They were both scams. There’s also no  to another post going around claiming "Walmart rewards everyone with $75 coupon to celebrate its 125th Anniversary," in exchange for taking a three-question survey. A website’s promise of two free tickets on Allegiant after taking a survey isn’t based on reality. We rate it !
Statement: Photos show Ukrainian citizens destroying two Russian tanks with Molotov cocktails in Kyiv.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 26, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed four fiery photos showed Ukrainian citizens destroying two Russian tanks with Molotov cocktails in Kyiv.  The photos actually date back to 2014 anti-government protests in Ukraine.  Claims that the photos depict the current fighting are . RELATED: Photo of children sending off Ukrainian troops is from 2016, not 2022 RELATED: Photos of Ukrainians praying "in this phase of war danger" are actually from years ago
Statement: Says John Podesta "refused to give the DNC server to the FBI and the CIA. Disgraceful!
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 7, 2017
Location: national
Topics: homeland security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Podesta had nothing to do with the DNC server because he didn’t work at the DNC; he worked for Clinton’s campaign. The DNC claimed they received no direct requests from the CIA, and the CIA did not comment. The DNC says it cooperated with the FBI, providing information on the server through a third-party vendor. The FBI provided no comment, but then-FBI director Comey said it was an appropriate substitute. We rate this statement .
Statement: Sarah Palin in a coma after hit and run.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 28, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: Several websites used the same image, but it was actually of a robbery suspect at an Oklahoma hotel in 2012. But since the first story didn’t happen, the second one didn’t, either. The only wide coverage Palin had received as of late was a well-publicized visit to the White House on April 19. There’s zero proof this happened, despite what  news websites said. We rate this statement !
Statement: New Zealand let health experts" rather than politicians make decisions about how to deal with COVID-19, "and as of today they have zero COVID cases.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 7, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that "New Zealand let health experts" rather than politicians make decisions about how to deal with COVID-19, "and as of today they have zero COVID cases." As of July 7, the date of the post, New Zealand reported having 22 active cases of COVID-19 — but each had been detected at the port of entry among people returning from travel abroad. In other words, the country had zero active, locally transmitted cases. Health experts, along with New Zealanders’ compliance with stay-home orders, are partly credited for the success. But Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern’s decisions to order strict early lockdowns, following scientists’ advice, have won wide praise. For a statement that is accurate but needs a little more information, our rating is .
Statement: The Texas unemployment rate is now the lowest it's been in 40 years & Texas led the nation last month in new job creation.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: November 15, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;jobs
Context: a video ad posted on his campaign website
Fact-check justification: Abbott tweeted: "The Texas unemployment rate is now the lowest it’s been in 40 years & Texas led the nation last month in new job creation." The latest unemployment data posted when Abbott spoke showed Texas with a 4 percent unemployment rate in September 2017 though that didn't set a 40-year record. Rather, it tied the previous 40-year low set in two months of 2000. Abbott didn’t provide nor did we find data showing jobs created in each state in October 2017. Federal data otherwise indicate that Texas experienced a slight decrease in jobs from August to September 2017 though the state also was home to more jobs than a year earlier. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. UPDATE, Nov. 17, 2017: Two days after Abbott tweeted his  about the Texas jobless rate, the federal government reported that the state had a 41-year record low 3.9 percent jobless rate in October 2017.
Statement: The United States of America, right now, has the strongest, most durable economy in the world.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 12, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Obama said that "the United States of America, right now, has the strongest, most durable economy in the world." It’s a  that’s vague and hard to assess, but when comparing the United States to the most advanced economies in the world, one can make a credible case that the United States is in the strongest position, at least "right now." We rate the  . Country Projected real GDP growth, 2016, percent Projected real GDP growth, 2017, percent India          7.33   7.37 China           6.54 6.22 Indonesia     5.24     5.48 Ireland           4.11 3.48 Iceland          3.66 2.86 Turkey         3.43 4.08 Slovak Republic       3.43 3.48 Poland           3.37 3.54 Israel           3.15 3.33 South Korea        3.14 3.56 Sweden           3.08 2.99 Latvia           3.06 3.49 Mexico           3.05 3.30 Colombia        3.04 3.33 Luxembourg        2.99 2.93 Lithuania        2.94 3.67 Spain           2.73 2.48 Chile           2.61 3.31 Australia        2.61 3.04 Estonia           2.53 2.93 United States        2.52 2.39 Netherlands        2.45 2.70 United Kingdom        2.39 2.26 Hungary           2.36 3.08 Czech Republic        2.33 2.41 Canada           1.99 2.33 Slovenia        1.93 2.69 New Zealand        1.90 2.30 Germany           1.81 2.02 Denmark          1.78 1.91 Portugal        1.60 1.52 South Africa        1.51 2.00 Belgium           1.46 1.63 Italy           1.44 1.40 France           1.34 1.62 Austria           1.26 1.66 Switzerland        1.12 1.64 Finland           1.07 1.65 Norway           1.05 1.95 Japan          0.96 0.53 Russia           -0.43 1.66 Brazil           -1.20 1.81 Greece           -1.21 2.11 World           3.31 3.56 OECD Total        2.23 2.28 Eurozone         1.75 1.94
Statement: California Democrat Maxine Waters charged on 3 counts.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 6, 2017
Topics: ethics;fake news;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: Waters is a vocal critic of President Donald Trump, which no doubt was what has earned her the attention of  news purveyors, who typically zero in on political flashpoints. She recently earned criticism for saying she wanted to "take Trump out" and called him "the most dishonorable and despicable human being to ever serve in the office of the president." Although based on things that really happened, the  news posts distort the timeline and leave out the final result of the House ethics committee investigation. Someone reading it would be misinformed of the events. We rate this statement .
Statement: Nevada ranks 50th in election integrity ratings.
Speaker: jesse haw
About the speaker: Jesse Haw is running in the Republican primary for Nevada Secretary of State in 2022 to replace term-limited Barbara Cegavske.  Haw is a Reno-based developer and former state senator.
Date: February 2, 2022
Location: national
Topics: nevada;elections
Context: a Facebook ad
Fact-check justification: Haw said in a Facebook ad, "Nevada ranks 50th in election integrity ratings." The ad suggests that multiple ratings have found Nevada in last place, but that’s not . The 50th place rating came from the conservative Heritage Foundation, which tied its rating solely to security issues, not ballot access or voter convenience.  Other groups that considered multiple issues found that Nevada was not significantly worse than other states. MIT’s Elections Performance Index, for example, ranked Nevada 14th in 2018. The National Vote at Home Institute gave Nevada five stars, its top rating, in June based on policies that include ease of voting by mail. The statement has an element of  but leaves out critical context that would give a different impression. We rate this statement .  RELATED : Republicans facing off in 2022 GOP primaries are running ads claiming the 2020 election was stolen RELATED : How the GOP spun a 'dead voter' allegation in Nevada RELATED : Much has changed since Jimmy Carter’s report on fraud in mail voting
Statement: Registered Republican not allowed to vote.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 13, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A video widely shared on Facebook claimed: "Registered Republican not allowed to vote." The woman in the video said that she is a Republican and was prevented from voting in a Republican primary. Where she lives in Louisiana, the July 11 primary was closed: Only registered Republicans could vote in the GOP primary. Local officials said the woman was not allowed to vote in the GOP primary because she was a registered Democrat. We rate the  .
Statement: Oregon school districts are directing 24 percent of their food budgets to purchase local foods. That's the highest percentage in the country.
Speaker: oregon department of agriculture
About the speaker: The Oregon Department of Agriculture, created in 1931, is charged with ensuring food safety, protecting the natural resources base for present and future generations of farmers and ranchers, and promoting economic development and expanding market opportunities for Oregon agricultural products.
Date: June 12, 2014
Location: oregon
Topics: agriculture
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: All of the data, however, are self-reported, and state officials acknowledged that they have no way to verify the numbers.  Districts also defined "local" in widely different ways, making comparisons difficult . Further, fewer than half of Oregon public school districts responded to the census, leaving the numbers incomplete. The  contains elements of accuracy but leaves out important details that could lead to a different conclusion. We rate it .
Statement: Says "an average of $4 billion is added to the national debt" every day.
Speaker: saxby chambliss
About the speaker: Saxby Chambliss, a Republican, is a United States senator from Georgia
Date: March 29, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: federal budget
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: The senators’ op-ed did not detail what time frame they were discussing to spell out their . They said they were basing it off Warner’s  that had been checked of what amounted to $5 billion a day and decided to be conservative and chose the $4 billion daily estimate. This year, their  is off by about $1 billion. Over the last two years, it’s correct. Since the average daily debt through the first quarter of 2011 is more than $1 billion less than their statement, we rate the Chambliss  as .