chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Virginia Democrat operatives" and Terry McAuliffe campaign staffers posed as white supremacists and stood by Republican Glenn Youngkin's bus.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 29, 2021
Location: national
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks;virginia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts  that a group of people who dressed up as white supremacists at Youngkin’s campaign stop in Charlottesville was a political set-up by "Virginia Democrat operatives" and McAuliffe’s campaign. This is . The Lincoln Project, a group founded by anti-Trump Republican consultants, assumed responsiblity for the stunt and said that neither McAuliffe’s campaign nor the state’s Democratic party were involved. Both groups denied involvement and denounced the incident. We rate this .
Statement: The day Al Gore was born, there were 130,000 glaciers on earth. Today, only 130,000 remain.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 11, 2019
Topics: environment;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The Facebook post claims that there were 130,000 glaciers in 1948 and there are 130,000 glaciers today. We don’t know how many glaciers there were in 1948, and there are actually tens of thousands more glaciers worldwide today than the post says. But context matters here, and the post suggests that glaciers haven’t changed in the 70 years since Al Gore was born. That’s also . As Walt Meier, the research scientist with the National Snow and Ice Data Center, told us, "the number of glaciers isn’t really relevant in terms of assessing climate change." What matters, he said, is the change in mass. "Are glaciers as a whole gaining or losing ice?" he asked. "On that question, the answer is very clear — glaciers are losing mass." We rate this post as .
Statement: BBC News edited out boos in footage of Boris Johnson arriving at the Queen's Platinum Jubilee thanksgiving service.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: June 4, 2022
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: But BBC News did not change or edit the sound, a spokesperson told PolitiFact via email, adding that the outlet’s coverage clearly showed the crowd’s reaction to Johnson’s arrival. There were multiple BBC News crews filming, the spokesperson said. Hill was filmed commentating live at the service, and other BBC coverage used a so-called "clean feed" of the arrivals, which is sound and pictures from another crew that did not have commentary on top, according to the spokesperson. In another clip from BBC News, when Johnson arrived around 10:40 a.m., BBC presenter Hill notes there is "quite a lot of booing," which is audible in the video . We rate the  that the BBC edited out boos .
Statement: We also have, in a park that's not far from here, an ability to build a reservoir that can hold a 30-day water supply for the city of Atlanta.
Speaker: kasim reed
About the speaker: Kasim Reed is Mayor of Atlanta.
Date: February 23, 2012
Location: georgia
Topics: water
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: "If the mayor said 30, that’s because that’s the figure we’ve been using all along. Since the drought, people’s usage has gone back up slightly." Reed’s statement is very close. The 27-day calculation prompts us to provide some clarification to his statement. Our rating: .
Statement: Bill Gates calls for the withdrawal of all Covid-19 Vaccines; 'The vaccines are far more dangerous than anyone imagined.'
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: August 31, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A blog post claimed that Gates called for "the withdrawal of all Covid-19 Vaccines" and said "the vaccines are far more dangerous than anyone imagined." There is no  Gates said these things. The claims can be traced back to an article labeled as satire that contained misinformation and falsehoods.  The Gates Foundation advocates for the COVID-19 vaccines. We rate this  !
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton's "State Department blocked investigation into Orlando killer's mosque.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: June 13, 2016
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: Articles claimed that Clinton as secretary of state enabled radical Islamists by shutting down an investigation of Mateen’s Florida mosque. The  relies heavily on one account of a retired Department of Homeland Security agent that has not been corroborated by any additional source. Experts we talked to say the claims of the investigation and the purported link to Clinton and the State Department is unlikely. The FBI, not Haney’s Homeland Security department, would handle a terrorism investigation. The State Department, meanwhile, would play little to no role in whether a case is opened, closed or anything else. We rate this  .
Statement: District attorneys "have advertised that they will charge a criminal alien with a lesser offense than presumably they would charge a United States citizen, so they won't be deported.
Speaker: jeff sessions
About the speaker: Jeff Sessions is President Donald Trump's Attorney General. He was previously a U.S. Senator from Alabama.
 
Date: April 28, 2017
Location: national
Topics: immigration;criminal justice;homeland security;crime
Context: New York
Fact-check justification: Sessions said district attorneys "advertise that they will charge a criminal alien with a lesser offense than presumably they would charge a United States citizen." District and state attorneys in Brooklyn, Santa Clara and Baltimore have issued directives for prosecutorial discretion in the handling of non-violent cases involving non-U.S. citizens (which includes immigrants living in the United States legally and illegally). Attorneys told us that the alternative sentences are designed to help people avoid deportation for minor crimes, and that sometimes the plea deals mean the person ends up with a stricter or longer sentence, or a faster guilty plea. They also contend that they are not charging immigrants favorably over citizens, as policy consideration goes into effect after charges are made. The Supreme Court recently recognized that deportations can represent a disproportionate punishment. A recent case found that defense attorneys must inform their clients when a plea carries a risk of deportation. Justices also noted that considering deportation consequences in the plea bargaining process may benefit both defendants and states. Sessions’ statement is partially accurate, but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it Half .
Statement: Since 2015, Scott Walker has not done a public event where you don't have to pay admission or be on an approved list.
Speaker: scot ross
About the speaker: Scot Ross is executive director of the Madison-based One Wisconsin Now, a liberal advocacy group. He formerly worked as a communication director for Democrats who have served in Congress and in Wisconsin state government.
Date: November 3, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;transparency
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: It’s pretty clear that access to Walker is limited. His schedule is generally not made public ahead of time, making it difficult for people to go to events he attends. There are events that are open to the public, such as holiday ceremonies, that Walker attends. But in terms of events Walker himself holds, his campaign team cited campaign events at which registration is requested but not required, a 9/11 ceremony that the governor's office co-sponsored and a news event that had not been announced to the general public. For a statement that is partially accurate, our rating is .
Statement: A majority of drunk driving deaths and injuries are caused by drunk driving offenders with no prior convictions.
Speaker: mothers against drunk driving
About the speaker: Founded by a mother whose daughter was killed by a drunk driver, Mothers Against Drunk Driving® (MADD) is the nation’s largest nonprofit working to protect families from drunk driving and underage drinking.
Date: February 11, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: alcohol;transportation
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: That guide concluded: "However, even though repeat offenders are disproportionately involved in traffic crashes, most alcohol-related crashes are caused by drivers who have not previously been charged with drunk driving, so police must pay attention to both repeat and first-time offenders." Our rating MADD claimed that "a majority of drunk driving deaths and injuries are caused by drunk driving offenders with no prior convictions." While repeat offenders are overrepresented in such crashes compared to their share of the population, it’s clear that a strong majority of such crashes involve first-time offenders under several different definitions of the term. The research doesn't match up perfectly with the language in MADD's , but the best numbers are tilted heavily in the group's direction. We rate the  .
Statement: We just can't afford to pay 100 percent of government employee benefits.
Speaker: alliance for america's future
About the speaker: The Alliance for America’s Future is a Virginia-based group that supports Republican candidates and conservative causes. Its principals include Barry Bennett, a former top aide to Rep. Jean Schmidt, a Republican from southwest Ohio, and political consultant Mary Cheney, former Vice President Dick Cheney’s daughter.
Date: October 11, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: labor;unions
Context: a campaign mailing
Fact-check justification: Many governments could not afford to pickup the total bill for health and pension benefits. But few do. Most public employees contribute something toward their health and pension benefits. And even if voters reject Issue 2 and SB 5 is repealed, that doesn’t mean government will have to pickup 100 percent of the costs. A statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context gets one rating on the -O-Meter: .
Statement: Rep. Paul Ryan's Medicare plan "lines the pockets of the private insurance companies," increases costs for seniors and does not reduce the deficit.
Speaker: gerry connolly
About the speaker: Gerald E. “Gerry” Connolly, a Democrat, has represented Virginia's 11th Congressional District in Congress since 2009. The district encompasses Fairfax County, Prince William County, and Fairfax City in Northern Virginia.
Connolly serves on the House Budget Committee, the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
He is the Ranking Member of the Oversight and Government Reform Subcommittee on Government Operations, which covers many key issues relating to Northern Virginia’s workforce and economy.  Connolly also serves on the Subcommittee on Economic Growth, Job Creation, and Regulatory Affairs.  He is a senior member of the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa and also serves on the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific.  
Connolly is vice-chair of the New Democrat Coalition, co-chairing its Technology, Education and Entrepreneurship Task Force, chair of the Smart Contracting Caucus, co-chair of the Sustainable Energy and Environment Caucus, co-chair of the Congressional Caucus on U.S.-Turkey Relations and Turkish Americans, co-chair of the Congressional Caucus on Korea, and co-chair of the Congressional Caucus on Taiwan.  
 Connolly received a B.A. in Literature from Maryknoll College in Glen Ellyn, Illinois, and a M.A. in Public Administration from Harvard University in 1979.
After graduating from Harvard, Connolly spent 10 years on the staff of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, where he handled numerous issues including oversight of international economic issues and policies concerning the Middle East and the United Nations.
 Connolly also worked in the non-profit and private sectors for organizations and companies involved in international trade, regulatory matters, and research.
Date: April 15, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;federal budget;medicare;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Those inefficiencies cost money. Let’s review: The liberal economists don’t like Ryan’s plan and say it would harm seniors, but they concede it would lead to lower government spending on health care costs, at least over time. That contradicts Connolly’s assertion that no money from these increased costs would help pay down the deficit. It’s  that the new payments by seniors would go towards private insurers, but savings from lower government spending could go towards deficit reductions. We rate Connolly’s  .
Statement: The number of SWAT raids have gone up by 1,400 percent since the 1980s.
Speaker: john oliver
About the speaker: John Oliver is the host of "Last Week Tonight" on HBO. Previously he was a correspondent for Comedy Central's "The Daily Show."
Date: August 17, 2014
Topics: criminal justice;drugs;crime;punditfact
Context: a segment on his show, "Last Week Tonight"
Fact-check justification: Oliver, in deciding to use the Al Jazeera clip, claims that "the number of SWAT raids have gone up by 1,400 percent since the 1980s." In a field short on comprehensive data, these are the best figures available. Still, it’s worth noting that the data ends in 2000, and we don’t know for sure what the level is today. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: The Dallas Cowboys can't put a sticker on their helmets for the 5 police officers who were killed.
Speaker: james woods
About the speaker: James Woods is an actor. 
Date: August 27, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: sports
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: In a tweet, Woods said the "Dallas Cowboys can’t put a sticker on their helmets for the 5 police officers who were killed." NFL rules give the league control over decals on helmets which must relate to team or league "events or personages." This limit likely explains the league’s disapproval of the decals honoring the felled officers. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/d8f282e4-f1e1-4e62-9602-4d79205c43ba
Statement: The federal government requires "COVID passports to visit the movies.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 7, 2022
Topics: government regulation;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Some states and cities have required so-called vaccine passports —  that a person has been vaccinated against COVID-19 — to access certain places and businesses. In New York City, for example, movie theaters among other establishments must verify that staff and patrons are vaccinated against COVID-19. Other states, meanwhile, have banned such passports.   But the federal government is not requiring people to flash proof that they were vaccinated. We rate claims that it is .
Statement: Says "Rick Perry doubled spending in a decade.
Speaker: keep conservatives united
About the speaker: Keep Conservatives United, a super-PAC favoring U.S. Rep. Michele Bachmann for president, says on its web site that it's an independent committtee to "elect an honest conservative" as president.
Date: September 1, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: state budget
Context: a video advertisement
Fact-check justification: However, we’re not convinced the reports are the best way to check spending under gubernatorial sway. It’s why we tend to hew to figures in the state’s budgets. And according to the latest updates of budgeted spending, spending from all sources increased 86 percent over the years analyzed by the group, 21 percent once population growth and inflation are counted. Budgeted spending the governormost affected, of state general revenue, went up 44 percent, though that decreased 6 percent once inflation and population growth are weighed. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "says he has foreign policy experience because he ran the Miss Universe pageant in Russia.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: June 2, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;foreign policy
Context: a foreign policy speech
Fact-check justification: Clinton said that Trump "says he has foreign policy experience because he ran the Miss Universe pageant in Russia." Trump did cite that as  of how he could navigate a relationship with Russia and work with its president, Putin, but he didn’t go so far as to say it bolstered his foreign policy experience more generally. We rate Clinton’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/49b62c1b-fce5-4519-b03d-70250070d1a0
Statement: Will Smith slapped Chris Rock "to take attention away from Ukraine.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: March 28, 2022
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks;ukraine
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "The Academy condemns the actions of Mr. Smith at last night’s show," the Academy said. "We have officially started a formal review around the incident and will explore further action and consequences in accordance with our Bylaws, Standards of Conduct and California law. "  The Los Angeles Times reported that the Academy also called an emergency meeting Monday morning to address the incident.   While what happened between Rock and Smith at the Oscars drew widespread media attention, tweets, hot takes and texts between family and friends at a moment when Ukraine is fighting against a Russian invasion, claims that the incident was staged to detract from an overseas war are unfounded.   We rate this  .
Statement: About a third of Texas has seen a 20-25% population loss in the last 5 years.
Speaker: gene wu
About the speaker: Gene Wu is a Democrat who represents House District 137 in the Texas Legislature. His district includes a portion in West Houston. 
Date: December 31, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: population
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Wu said: "About a third of Texas has seen a 20-25% population loss in the last 5 years." It's  that one third of Texas counties saw a decline in population from 2013 to 2018, but the decline was less pronounced than Wu stated. The areas where the population decreased make up about 5% of the state's overall population, which increased about 9% over the same period. We rate this  .
Statement: Says "Mike DeWine wanted to allow insurance companies to refuse to pay for pre-existing conditions.
Speaker: richard cordray
About the speaker: Richard Cordray is running for Ohio governor in 2018. Cordray was appointed as the first director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau during President Barack Obama's administration. He is the former attorney general of Ohio and a Democrat.
Date: September 25, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: congress;health care
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Cordray’s ad said, "Mike DeWine wanted to allow insurance companies to refuse to pay for pre-existing conditions." DeWine was a strong opponent of the Affordable Care Act, joining a lawsuit to fight against it in 2011. DeWine argues his opposition was over the individual mandate, but if the lawsuit had prevailed it, would have struck down a law that guaranteed coverage for people with pre-existing conditions. This year, while being attacked over his health care record, DeWine said he has favored coverage for pre-existing conditions and pointed to his record decades earlier in the U.S. Senate.  We rate this  .
Statement: 98 percent of American families" make "under $250,000 a year.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: April 10, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: Boca Raton, Fla.
Fact-check justification: Obama spokesman Jay Carney said the president wanted the rule to support the principle of tax fairness but conceded getting the rule passed would be an uphill battle in Congress. Here, we wanted to fact-check Obama’s statement that "98 percent of American families" make less than $250,000 a year. The White House’s prepared materials on the Buffett Rule included statistics released annually by the Internal Revenue Service that supported the point. Using statistics from the IRS website, we found that 137,988,219 tax returns out of 140,494,127 -- or 98.2 percent -- reported adjusted gross income of less than $250,000 a year in 2009, the most recent data available. We rate the  .
Statement: Video shows Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis saying he made certain political choices because "that's where the money is.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 25, 2023
Location: florida
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: The manipulated video misrepresents parts of DeSantis’ record:   He did not sign a red flag gun confiscation law. That was now-U.S. Sen. Rick Scott, who in 2017 as Florida governor signed a red flag confiscation bill into law after the mass shooting at Marjorie Stoneman Douglas High School.   DeSantis opposed COVID-19 vaccine mandates. In November 2021, he signed a bill into law that blocked private companies, government entities and educational institutions from mandating the vaccine. We rate the  that this video shows DeSantis saying he made certain political choices because "that’s where the money is" !