chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says the Vatican reports that Pope Francis tested negative for the coronavirus before a second test came back positive.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 3, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: On March 3, Il Messaggero reported that the pope had been tested for the virus as a precaution and that the result was negative –– something the Vatican has not officially confirmed –– but the story doesn’t say a second test was administered or that the pope tested positive.   Vatican spokesman Matteo Bruni didn’t confirm or deny the Messaggero report, according to the Associated Press , but repeated that the pope had been diagnosed with a cold and that it was "running its course, without symptoms linked to other pathologies." Bruni told Reuters he had no comment on the report. The pope may have tested negative for the virus, but there is no  that he was tested more than once, or that a second result came back positive. We rate this .
Statement: Says a Congressional Budget Office report on spending by House Democrats in the economic stimulus concluded it "is just not stimulus. It won't help the economy grow.
Speaker: eric cantor
About the speaker: Eric Cantor is a former congressman who represented Virginia's 7th District from 2001 to 2014. He rose to House minority whip in 2009 and House majority leader in 2011. Cantor was upset by Dave Brat in the 2014 GOP primary for congress. He is now vice chairman and managing director of Moelis & Company, a global investment bank.
 
 
 
Date: January 21, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;stimulus
Context: an interview on the Fox News Channel
Fact-check justification: If Cantor's point is that Democrats have been too optimistic in how quickly they can create jobs through infrastructure projects, the CBO data give a bit of ammunition to suggest that such projects will likely take several years to unfold. But the way Cantor said it suggests that the nonpartisan and well-regarded CBO had come out with a report that said the opposition party's proposal wouldn't work. That's a serious distortion of three pages of data that simply laid out a likely timeline of spending. Yes, coupled with other data, it is possible to make an argument that the proposed infrastructure spending won't provide an urgently needed boost to the ecomony, but that's not an argument the CBO weighs in on one way or another. And Cantor's suggestion that it does is .
Statement: Ninety percent of Texans say they do not want the nursing homes to close. It polls higher than anything else.
Speaker: sylvester turner
About the speaker: Sylvester Turner, of Houston, was first elected to the Texas House in 1988.
Date: March 31, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: health care;housing;state budget
Context: remarks on the House floor
Fact-check justification: Henson told us this poll and the UT/Tribune’s poll are the only statewide surveys that he’s aware of that cover budget cuts. Our results: The UT/Tribune poll found that 90 percent of respondents didn’t want state funding for nursing home care cut, and opposition to that idea polled "higher than anything else," as Turner said. Though he erred when he couched that as opposition to closing nursing homes — the poll didn’t ask about that — it’s reasonable to assume that a comparable percentage of respondents would feel negatively about closures as well. But gauging the strength of statewide public opinion on the basis of a single, online poll of 800 voters is a questionable proposition. We rate Turner’s statement as .
Statement: Said the year before he took office, the state lost 119,000 private-sector jobs, labeling them "Corzine jobs losses of 2009.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: March 6, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs
Context: a keynote speech to a commercial real estate group
Fact-check justification: Christie said the year before he took office, the state lost 119,000 private-sector jobs, labeling them "Corzine jobs losses of 2009." Christie is off a bit, since data from the BLS and state Labor Department show that New Jersey lost 115,700 jobs from December 2008 to 2009 – a period marked by the height of the recession, and something that economic experts have told us cannot be blamed solely on one person. Since the governor’s number is off slightly and the  implies that Corzine is to blame for those job losses, we give Christie a ruling that he’s had before on these types of fact-checks: . To comment on this story go to NJ.com .
Statement: On job creation numbers in the latest Start-Up NY report: "This is a significant number of overcounts in the compilation that I've looked at.
Speaker: robin schimminger
About the speaker: Robin Schimminger is an Assemblyman representing New York's 140th District, which is in Erie County.
Date: August 3, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: Albany, NY
Fact-check justification: Schimminger said at an economic development hearing in Albany that Empire State Development reported " numbers from the companies" in Start-Up NY. So the report included "a significant number of overcounts in the compilation," he said. Empire State Development did not provide guidance on how to read the report, so anyone not privy to state definitions of certain terms may have come to the same conclusion as the assembly member. Schimminger, of course, is not just anyone. Schimminger served as chairman of the Assembly's small business committee from 1985 until 1997, when he was named chairman of the Assembly Standing Committee on Economic Development, Job Creation, Commerce and Industry. A closer look at the law explains how the numbers are reported. We rate Schimminger’s  as . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/10730ecb-e329-40ec-8370-9bb70ece7310
Statement: It (Georgia) was one of the earliest Christian nations. The king of then-Georgia in the third century converted to Christianity.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: August 16, 2008
Location: national
Topics: religion
Context: Orange County, Calif
Fact-check justification: "To  that whatever entity 'Georgia' may have been in the third century was a 'nation' is factually anachronistic," John Pilch, a professor of biblical literature at Georgetown University told us in an e-mail exchange. (Furthermore, he said, the word "Christian" was not fashionable at the time of the Georgian king's conversion — Christians at that time might have referred to themselves as "followers of the Way.") These are quibbles though. A fair reading of the thrust of McCain's  is that the place we call Georgia was an early adopter of Christianity, and that's . He didn't use the word "nation" perfectly and he flubbed his centuries, but his  is still .
Statement: Hundreds of illegal immigrants subject to detainers were released in the last week since the new sanctuary policy was adopted by the Travis County Sheriff's Office.
Speaker: dawn buckingham
About the speaker: Dawn Buckingham, a surgeon and former member of the Lake Travis school district board of trustees, won election to the Texas Senate in November 2016. She represents Senate District 24.
Date: February 8, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;criminal justice;crime
Context: a campaign email blast
Fact-check justification: Buckingham said hundreds of illegal immigrants were released in the week after the sheriff’s policy was adopted. According to Travis County, 45 such individuals--not hundreds--were released in the eight days after the policy took effect. Additional releases seem likely due to the sheriff’s office not automatically honoring all detainer requests. But it also seems possible that stepped-up federal efforts to obtain warrants for jailed individuals will reduce the release rate. We rate Buckingham’s  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/136fe01e-b1ca-4b4f-9e30-17864f3b6c6c
Statement: Obamacare isn't helping anyone.
Speaker: carly fiorina
About the speaker: Carly Fiorina is running for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. She is the former chairman and chief executive officer of Hewlett-Packard Company (HP). She was defeated in her attempt as the Republican nominee to unseat Sen. Barbara Boxer in 2010.
Date: November 10, 2015
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Milwaukee
Fact-check justification: Fiorina said that "Obamacare isn't helping anyone." Even taking the low end of estimates, tens of millions of Americans have benefited from the ACA, in big ways (such as securing insurance for the first time) or smaller ways (paying less for drugs under Medicare Part D). One does not have to buy into every aspect of the law or feel comfortable with its overall price tag to acknowledge that lots of people have benefited from it. We rate Fiorina’s statement .
Statement: Virginia House "Republicans have had more African-Americans on key committees than when the Democrats were in control.
Speaker: chris jones
About the speaker: Del. Chris Jones, R-Suffolk, is chairman of the budget-writing Appropriations Committee in Virginia's House of Delegates.
Jones was first elected to the House 1997. He had previously served on Suffolk's city council and was mayor of the city from 1992-1996.
Jones is a pharmacist. 
 
Date: February 23, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: redistricting;states
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification:   Jones said,  "Republicans have had more African-Americans on key committees than when the Democrats were in control." He later said he was referring to the House  Appropriations Committee and the Commerce and Labor Committee - a delineation that the chairman of the Black Caucus agrees with. There were three black members of Appropriations in 1997 - the last time Democrats controlled the House. Now there are six. There were two black legislators serving on the committee that became Commerce and Labor; now there’s four. We need to consider that the number of black delegates in the 100-member House rose from 10 in 1997 to 14 today. In other words, while black representation in the House rose by 40 percent during that span, it increased by 100 percent on Appropriations and 50 percent on Commerce & Labor. So Jones’  holds up. We rate it .
Statement: On Sept. 5, 1993, "Vince Foster went to Fort Marcy Park and shot himself 3 times in the back of the head to avoid testifying against Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 5, 2018
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: He ultimately shot himself once in the mouth with a gun.     Kavanaugh eventually affirmed the suicide finding and, in October 1997, Starr issued a report on Foster’s death and concluded that Foster killed himself. But today, conspiracies continue to flourish. In 2016, for example, President Donald Trump called Foster’s death "very fishy. "   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Zephyr Teachout says she is against Super PACs despite taking money from Super PAC donors
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: September 21, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a series of blog posts, ending on Sept. 21, 2016
Fact-check justification: In a series of blog posts, the National Republican Congressional Committee said "Zephyr Teachout says she is against Super PACs despite taking money from Super PAC donors." We cross-checked 16 donors to Teachout’s campaign with their donations to super PACs. We found all of them also donated to super PACs. We rate this  as .
Statement: Emergency rooms account for "2 percent of all health care spending.
Speaker: nick gillespie
About the speaker: Nick Gillespie is editor in chief of Reason.com and Reason TV, the online platforms of Reason, the libertarian magazine of "Free Minds and Free Markets."
Date: October 22, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;pundits
Context: a discussion on CNN's "Crossfire"
Fact-check justification: Gillespie said emergency rooms account for "2 percent of all health care spending." Experts told us that’s not the only way to calculate it, but it’s a credible way, and even if that figure is too low, other calculations put it in the single digits. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: Says GM used taxpayer dollars to prop up operations in China.
Speaker: let freedom ring
About the speaker: Let Freedom Ring is a conservative group.
Date: October 15, 2012
Location: national
Topics: china;jobs;message machine 2012
Context: a Web video
Fact-check justification: The ad claims that taxpayer dollars propped up GM’s operations in China. While the collapse of GM would have presented the GM-China joint ventures with many problems, the bailout money itself didn’t help China so much as allow GM to continue to draw money out of China. In fact, the Chinese operations were making money and supporting themselves through sales in China. The ad makes several other errors of fact, including saying that the current GM CEO was appointed by Obama when he was not. Plus, the ad suggests that if GM says it is working for China, that must mean it is not working for the United States. It reinforces this idea by selectively quoting from a news article. We rate the statement .
Statement: Under new Illinois law, these crimes are "nondetainable": "Burglary, robbery, arson, kidnapping, DUI offenses, even DUI involving a fatality, most drug offenses, and even 2nd degree murder.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 9, 2022
Location: illinois
Topics: criminal justice;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that "burglary, robbery, arson, kidnapping, DUI offenses, DUI involving a fatality, most drug offenses, and even 2nd degree murder" will be nondetainable crimes in Illinois starting in January, when a new law goes into effect, eliminating cash bail. The law going into effect Jan. 1 does not list specific crimes that are "nondetainable." It eliminates cash bail and says that prosecutors must petition a judge and make their case to hold a defendant in jail pretrial, either because of public safety or flight risk. All of the crimes listed in the Facebook post could be considered for detention. We rate this  .
Statement: Photo shows Don Lemon and Jeffrey Epstein embracing.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 9, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In part, I have aged from carrying you on my back! :) LOVE YOU, D Lemon. "  The photo of Lemon and Epstein is . We rate that post .
Statement: Joe Biden was older on his first day as president than Ronald Reagan was on his last day.
Speaker: jonathan martin
About the speaker: Jonathan Martin is the politics bureau chief and senior political columnist for Politico. Previously, he wrote for the New York Times and other publications. He is co-author of two books, including the 2022 volume, "This Will Not Pass: Trump, Biden, and the Battle for America's Future."
Date: April 30, 2023
Topics: candidate biography;punditfact
Context: a roundtable on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Martin said, "Joe Biden was older on his first day as president than Ronald Reagan was on his last day." That’s correct. Biden was two months older than 78 when he took office, which was about 10 weeks older than Reagan was on his final day as president. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says Rick Perry "supported a guest worker program to help people who would otherwise be illegal aliens.
Speaker: libertarian national committee 
About the speaker: The Libertarian Party was founded in 1971 as an alternative to the two main political parties, and stands for smaller government and lower taxes.
Date: August 10, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: immigration
Context: a video posted on its website
Fact-check justification: Perry has voiced support for giving temporary legal status to laborers who aren't authorized to enter the United States, including some immigrants already working here illegally. Still, Perry apparently hasn't spoken in favor of a guest worker program for years. Benedict's statement ignores that fact. So we rate it . To comment on this ruling, "like" us on Facebook .
Statement: For a young man or woman who is entering the ninth grade in Newark this year, they have a 29 percent graduation rate.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: April 29, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: education
Context: a speech at the Harvard Graduate School of Education
Fact-check justification: But it’s lower than the calculation that the school system uses.     There are different ways to calculate graduation rates and it’s important to be precise in describing them. In this case, the governor glossed over the details and omitted a whole group of students recognized by the state as having graduated, many of whom continued their education beyond high school. For these reasons, we rate Christie’s statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says student loan interest rates will double from 3.4 percent to 6.8 percent July 1.
Speaker: gene green
About the speaker: The official biography for U.S. Rep. Gene Green, D-Houston, says he was first elected to Congress in 1992 and has served since 1996 on the House Energy and Commerce Committee; for the 113th Congress, he also is a member of the subcommittees on health, energy and power, environment and economy and the oversight and investigations.
Previously, Green served 20 years in the Texas House of Representatives and the Texas Senate, the biography says. He is a native of Houston, with degrees from the University of Houston and Bates College of Law at the University of Houston.
Date: June 28, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Green said "student loan interest rates" would double from 3.4 percent to 6.8 percent July 1. That accurately describes one specific rate change. However, the majority of new federal student loans won’t be affected. We rate the statement as .
Statement: Joe Biden as vice president didn't "have the right to declassify" documents.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 10, 2023
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Trump said that as vice president, Biden did not have the right to declassify documents. The applicable executive order on such matters is one Obama signed, which gives the vice president the authority to classify and declassify documents. There is some ambiguity about the effect of the order on the vice president’s ability to declassify documents that were initially classified by other agencies, but experts are divided about this unknown and note that it has never been tested. It's also unclear how any of this might apply to the documents in Biden's case. The broad nature of Trump’s statement is disproven by the order. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Today in Selma, Ala., "the poverty rate is roughly nine times that of whites.
Speaker: henry sanders
About the speaker: Henry (Hank) Sanders is a Democratic state senator in Alabama. He was elected in 1983.
Date: March 8, 2015
Location: national
Topics: history;income;race and ethnicity;poverty
Context: a video clip aired on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that today in Selma, Ala., "the poverty rate is roughly nine times that of whites." There’s no question that a substantial economic gap exists between blacks and whites in Selma and Dallas County, even a half-century after "Bloody Sunday." But documented poverty rates are a little over three times higher for blacks -- not nine times, as Sanders said. We rate the  .
Statement: Says it's "estimated that 300 babies a year are sent home from the hospital with an unrecognized congenital heart defect; it is the most common birth defect in America.
Speaker: robert deuell
About the speaker: Robert F. "Bob" Deuell, a Greenville physician, joined the Texas Senate in 2003. He lost his re-election bid in the 2014 Republican primary.
Date: May 13, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: children;health care;public health
Context: remarks on the floor of the Texas Senate
Fact-check justification: Deuell said 300 babies a year "are sent home from the hospital with an unrecognized congenital heart defect; it is the most common birth defect in America." The 300 figure lacks a bit of clarification; it draws loosely from a one-state study published in 2007. Also, additional research is in the works. But the No. 1 status of heart defects is confirmed by the federal government. We rate the statement as .
Statement: Antifa provoked the shooting of Ashli Babbitt at the Capitol.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 12, 2021
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks;jan. 6
Context: blogs
Fact-check justification: An analysis claims that antifa provoked the shooting of Ashli Babbitt. The analysis consists of a series of speculative claims and inferences based on video of the Babbitt shooting.  Those claiming that the pro-Trump mob at the Capitol was incited by antifa have provided no hard proof of their assertions. The claims ignore substantial reporting and documentary  that the crowd contained Trump supporters.  We rate this ! ​