chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The "U.S. has the highest unintended pregnancy rate of any Western industrialized country.
Speaker: cecile richards
About the speaker: According to the biographical sketch posted online by Planned Parenthood, Cecile Richards, president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, previously worked as deputy chief of staff for House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi. In 2004, she founded and served as president of America Votes, a coalition of 42 national grassroots organizations working to maximize registration, education, and voter participation. She began her career organizing low-wage workers in the hotel, health care, and janitorial industries throughout California, Louisiana and Texas.
Date: December 6, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;sexuality
Context: an interview with Texas Monthly
Fact-check justification: Richards said the U.S. "has the highest unintended pregnancy rate of any Western industrialized country." She did not offer nor did we find a breakdown of unintended pregnancy rates for individual Western industrialized nations, evidently because none exist. This gap leaves us with the Guttmacher institute’s conclusion that in 2008, Canada and the U.S., combined, had more unintended pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15-44 than every region except Asia (not including Japan), Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean. None of these regions with higher rates are commonly considered developed and industrialized. We rate Richards’ , which lacked this clarification, as .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says a photo depicts a teacher and student with guns guarding a Delaware high school in 1973 after a shooting threat.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 22, 2019
Topics: history;facebook fact-checks;guns
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral image post online claims it depicts a student and teacher guarding a high school in 1973 after a shooting threat was made that day, and that because they and others were armed, "no shooter ever arrived." The image features two students (not a teacher) with guns outside of a Delaware high school in 1973, but there was no shooting threat. A series of bomb threats were reportedly made against the school that academic year, and alumni of the school say the picture of the young men was taken for a yearbook photo op. The post contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton won "health care for 8 million children.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: February 15, 2016
Location: colorado
Topics: health care;public health
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: A Clinton campaign ad says one of her accomplishments was "winning health care for 8 million children." That statement is largely accurate. Clinton was key to creating the Children’s Health Insurance Program, which provides coverage for 8 million children. But the ad leaves out the contributions of others. Because of that caveat, we rate her statement .
Statement: Says "PTA meetings are now being conducted to help parents tell their kids" that if a guy with an AR-15 walks into their classroom, "you are supposed to create as much chaos as you possibly can. They want you to scream and yell and dance around and throw books and just keep moving.
Speaker: beto o'rourke
About the speaker: Beto O’Rourke is a former representative of Texas’s 16th Congressional District. He represented the district from 2013 until 2019, when he gave up his seat to run a senate campaign against incumbent Ted Cruz, which O’Rourke lost. He received a bachelor’s degree in English literature from Columbia University. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: February 24, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: children;education;guns
Context: a Waco campaign stop
Fact-check justification: O’Rourke said "PTA meetings are now being conducted to help parents tell their kids" that if a guy with an AR-15 walks into their classroom, "you are supposed to create as much chaos as you possibly can. They want you to scream and yell and dance around and throw books and just keep moving." O’Rourke accurately described one part of the ALICE training employed in school districts including at least one in Texas and another in Washington state. Presentations also have been made to parents, we confirmed. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Ohio's lost more jobs in March than any other state in the nation.
Speaker: mike foley
About the speaker: Mike Foley is a Democratic state representative in the Ohio General Assembly. His 14th District  includes constituents from Brook Park, Parma Heights, and three wards in Cleveland. He was appointed to his seat in May 2006 and then elected to the post in the 2006 and 2008 general elections.
Date: April 23, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: news release
Fact-check justification: The state lost jobs during four months of 2012, but nothing on the scale of March’s decline. Foley, in his news release, said that Ohio lost 20,400 jobs in March and that it led the nation in jobs lost. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics confirms both the number of jobs lost, albeit an estimate, and that Ohio lost more than any other state. Foley’s statement is accurate, although he is focusing on a month in which the number of job losses is unusually high. With that point of clarification, on the -O-Meter, his  rates .
Statement: Says Chuck Schumer said "it's racist to only allow citizens to vote.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 3, 2018
Topics: immigration;elections;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: The point of Schumer’s op-ed was to argue that voting rights are "under assault" by Trump and many states and that such laws are racist and an effort to disenfranchise minority voters. Schumer described Trump’s Election Integrity Commission as an "effort to intimidate voters and purge them from the rolls." Schumer spokesman Matt House told PolitiFact that Schumer hasn’t called for allowing non-citizens to vote. Only citizens can generally vote in elections, although a few local governments have allowed non-citizens to vote in local elections . We rate this headline .
Statement: A $2 million grant for Georgia's DeKalb County amounts to a "private takeover of election offices.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 21, 2023
Location: georgia
Topics: national;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claimed that a $2 million grant for DeKalb County amounts to a "private takeover of election offices."  DeKalb documents do not show exactly how the county plans to use the Center for Tech and Civic Life’s grant. But the county can use the money for equipment; voting and office sites; and personnel. A "takeover" suggests that the center will be in charge of elections in DeKalb; we found no  to back that up. Local election officials will continue to administer elections based on state laws. We rate this statement .  RELATED : 'Zuckerbucks' for 2022 elections? Republicans say thumbs down
Statement: Says Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker in his budget repair bill "is showing that no stone goes unturned as he asks everyone to tighten their belts.
Speaker: reince priebus
About the speaker: Reince Priebus was the first chief of staff to President Donald Trump, replaced by John Kelly in July 2017. Priebus was previously chairman of the Republican National Committee, a post he assumed in 2011. He is also the former chairman of the Republican Party of Wisconsin. He was an unsuccessful Wisconsin state Senate candidate in 2004. He is a Kenosha, Wis., native and lawyer.
Date: February 18, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget;taxes
Context: a statement to reporters
Fact-check justification: Cuts in aid to schools and local government could push some extra costs onto local taxpayers, if the governing bodies choose to raise taxes and fees to recoup any loss in state aid. Let’s return to the original statement: Priebus argued Walker is asking "everyone to tighten their belts." But the proposal clearly exempts some public employee unions from any changes. Walker himself has said the differing treatment is necessary and justifiable. We rate Priebus’ statement .
Statement: In Iran, if a 12-year-old girl is raped and impregnated by her father, she must carry the baby to term, or be thrown in prison for life. Wait, sorry, no, That's Alabama.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 18, 2022
Topics: abortion;families;iran;women;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post says, "In Iran, if a 12-year-old girl is raped and impregnated by her father, she must carry the baby to term, or be thrown in prison for life. Wait, sorry, no, That's Alabama." Alabama passed a law — which never went into effect — that would have implemented a near-total ban on abortion, including in cases of rape and incest. But the law did not include any criminal or civil punishments for women receiving abortions, only for doctors providing abortions. We rate this  .
Statement: On Oct. 19, Donald Trump tweeted, "Thank you Elon Musk, I'm back!!!
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 19, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram. ) Earlier this month, the account @realDonJTru appeared to have sent a virtually identical tweet thanking Musk. This account also remains suspended after sending the  tweet Oct. 9.    We rated claims that the Oct. 9 tweet was from the former president . Claims that Trump sent this Oct. 19 tweet are also .
Statement: Phoenix is already one of the kidnapping capitals of the world.
Speaker: wayne lapierre
About the speaker: Wayne LaPierre is executive vice president of the National Rifle Association.
Date: February 13, 2013
Location: national
Topics: crime
Context: the Daily Caller
Fact-check justification: LaPierre bought himself a little running room by avoiding specific international rankings and claiming instead that "Phoenix is already one of the kidnapping capitals of the world." Still, we find no justification to support such a sweeping . Two and a half years later, there remains no reliable international comparison for city kidnapping rates, and an independent expert continues to express skepticism about the . In addition, federal investigators have given credibility to claims by ABC-15's investigative reporters and a whistleblower that the city’s  of 300-plus kidnappings in 2008 were exaggerated. Finally, the most recent official numbers for Phoenix show a decline since 2008 even as kidnappings have soared in several Latin American countries. We rate LaPierre’s  .
Statement: Says Scott Bruun "still believes in the same old direction that George Bush had before, which is to privatize Social Security.
Speaker: kurt schrader
About the speaker: Kurt Schrader is a congressman representing Oregon's 5th District. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2008.   He was elected to the Oregon State House of Representatives in 1996 and the Oregon Senate in 2003. He is a veterinarian and an organic farmer.
Date: September 11, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: social security
Context: a debate at the Salem City Club
Fact-check justification: He says only ``younger workers.’ It’s beyond dispute that, if he’s elected to Congress, Bruun would vote to partially privatize Social Security. But Schrader , suggesting that Bruun wants to fully privatize the system. That’s simply not the case and it’s the reason we rate his  . Comment on this item.
Statement: Female buffalo lead the herd.
Speaker: hugh fitzsimons
About the speaker: Hugh Asa Fitzsimons III tended cattle and taught history before becoming a bison rancher on family land near Carrizo Springs, according to his campaign website, which says that the 2014 candidate for agriculture commissioner is also an advocate on public policy issues related to water use and climate change.
Date: January 19, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: animals;candidate biography
Context: a blog post on campaign website
Fact-check justification: Fitzsimons, making a point about putting women in charge, said that female buffalo lead the herd. Bison are a matriarchal society, though female bison don’t lead the entire population. Adult males split off on their own until each mating season, when they come back to carve up the main herd for a couple months. We’ll rate Fitzsimons’ statement as .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The climate hasn't warmed in quite a few years. That is proven scientifically.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: August 1, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: environment;climate change;weather
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Johnson said: "The climate hasn't warmed in quite a few years. That is proven scientifically." He argues that temperatures rose sharply from the 1950s to the 1990s, then leveled off, but it’s  to say there hasn’t been warming in many years. In fact, 15 of the 16 warmest years on record have occurred since 2001, with the two highest years being 2014 and 2015. We rate Johnson’s statement .
Statement: Crime is rising.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 7, 2016
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: a speech after several primaries concluded
Fact-check justification: Speaking generally about the state of the country, Trump said, "Crime is rising." If you look at overall violent and property crimes -- the only categories that would seem inclusive enough to qualify as "crime," as Trump put it -- he is flat . In fact, crime rates have been falling almost without fail for roughly a quarter-century. We rate his  . UPDATE, July 5, 2016 : After we published our article, the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank, published a blog post critiquing our analysis. The post cited preliminary figures for 2015 that show crime rising . Our fact-check acknowledged the point made in the post, although this data is preliminary and subject to revision. Two criminologists we checked with before publication warned us that such data may not be indicative of a real trend. In addition, while the preliminary data shows spikes in crime rates in some cities, Trump’s statement was broad, without qualifiers, and it came amid comments that painted an overarching image of a nation in decline. Trump didn’t say that crime was rising "recently" or "in recent months" or "over the past year" or "in some places." Ultimately, we find that Trump’s sweeping rhetoric about a nation in decline and beset by crime ignores the overall trend of violent and property crime rates over the past 25 years, which is that they have fallen, consistently and significantly. We stand by our rating of . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/8e5c3910-a384-4b3e-8872-742cd9e7c9d5
Statement: Say that under state law, "systems development charges can only be spent on capital investment.
Speaker: charlie hales
About the speaker: Charlie Hales was a Portland city commissioner, serving from 1993 through 2002. After leaving the City Council, he joined HDR Engineering as senior vice president, working on new light rail and streetcar lines.
Date: April 30, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: infrastructure;message machine 2012
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Smith is flatly  in suggesting the law has changed. (He and his campaign later clarified that he did not mean to suggest the law had changed.) Oregon Revised Statutes, says systems development charges may be used only for "capital improvement." That improvement "does not include the costs of the operation or routine maintenance of capital improvements." We find Hales’ statement .
Statement: There are millions of women all across the country who rely on Planned Parenthood for not just contraceptive care; they rely on it for mammograms.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 17, 2012
Location: national
Topics: abortion;health care
Context: the second presidential debate at Hofstra University
Fact-check justification: Obama said that "there are millions of women all across the country who rely on Planned Parenthood for not just contraceptive care; they rely on it for mammograms, for cervical cancer screenings." The critics have a point that Planned Parenthood does not actually provide mammograms; instead, the organization refers patients who need them offsite. Supporters of Planned Parenthood also have a point that the organization serves as an important link between some female patients and the mammograms a doctor determines they need. On several occasions, Obama has oversimplified and exaggerated what Planned Parenthood does, but he’s also not entirely  that the group makes it possible for many women to get mammograms they need. On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Eleven years ago, the city of Detroit lifted the residency requirement for police officers and today, 53 percent of officers live outside of the city. If we want the tax base of Milwaukee to resemble the tax base of Detroit, this is the way to go.
Speaker: tom barrett
About the speaker: Tom Barrett served as the 44th mayor of Milwaukee from 2004 until 2021. The mayoral position is non-partisan. A member of the Democratic Party, he was previously elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly (1984–1989), Wisconsin Senate (1989–1993) and U.S. House of Representatives (1993–2003).
Barrett lost bids for governor in 2002, 2010 and in the 2012 recall race against Gov. Scott Walker. He was sworn in as U.S. ambassador to Luxembourg on Dec. 23, 2021.
Date: March 11, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget;urban
Context: a newspaper interview
Fact-check justification: Barrett notes that less than a decade after Detroit dropped residency, less than half its police force still lives in the city -- and in the same breath ties the change to the "decimated" state of Detroit’s tax base. The statistic Barrett cited was confirmed by Detroit officials and has gone unchallenged. Evaluating the implicit  that ties the residency issue to tax base loss is more difficult. Experts agree there is at least some negative impact, but note there are many other factors at work. We rate the mayor’s  .
Statement: Says the "South African Government is now seizing land from white farmers" and alleges a "large scale killing of farmers" in the country.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 22, 2018
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;crime;foreign policy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump tweeted that the "South African government is seizing land from white farmers" and that there has been a "large scale killing of farmers" in the country. The government of South Africa is pursuing reparations more aggressively. When black communities file a  for stolen land, the government has been offering fair market value to encourage white owners to sell. Now, the government is considering taking land without compensating current owners. Only land which had been unfairly taken from black communities through discriminatory laws is considered for redistribution. What’s more  in Trump’s observation is that South African farmers are not being killed systematically due to their race or profession. There is not enough data to say whether the rate of farmer deaths has increased significantly, and nothing tying that directly to government reparations initiatives. We rate this statement . Correction (Aug. 28, 2018): The  South African police  did not collect statistics  on attacks and murders on farms and smallholdings prior to 1997. A previous version of this story included  information on this point.