chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Wisconsin Democrats during the previous administration adopted "double-digit tax increases.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: January 3, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;message machine 2012;state budget;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The change caused a 13.5 percent increase in the actual tax paid by people with an adjusted gross income of $1 million or more, according to the taxpayers alliance. Our rating In a TV ad, Walker said the Democratic administration and Legislature that preceded him approved "double-digit tax increases." There certainly were not widespread double-digit increases in the taxes most people directly pay -- income taxes and the sales tax. But there are a variety of other tax increases that rose by double digits. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: We've seen priests beheaded by the Islamic rebels on the other side. We've also seen an Islamic rebel eating the heart of a soldier.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: September 9, 2013
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;foreign policy;military;terrorism
Context: an interview on CNN's 'Crossfire'
Fact-check justification: Paul said Islamic rebels have decapitated priests, and one was seen eating the heart of a Syrian soldier. News reports show that Islamic rebels gunned down a priest but did not behead him. The murder of a priest speaks to religious warfare and that carries great weight. However, thousands of innocent people have died from gunfire in this civil war. The  is evocative in part due to the beheading, and that aspect is plainly . In addition, the  has been widely available for two months and Paul had ample opportunity to know better. Paul’s  about a rebel eating a heart is more accurate, but the details are sketchy. Both the focus on a heart and the idea of cannibalism push strong emotional buttons. But it might not have been a heart, and there might not have been an actual bite. Still, a rebel carved up a dead Syrian soldier, boasted about it as he did so, and at the very least, spoke and acted as though he were eating the dead man’s liver and heart. The first statement is flawed, and the second is largely on the mark with some weak points. Together, we rate them as . Editor's note:  This report had been updated to include a response we received from Paul's office shortly after our initial publication.
Statement: The National Park Service has "an annual budget that is less than the city of Austin.
Speaker: jonathan jarvis
About the speaker: Jonathan Jarvis, a career National Park Service employee, was confirmed by the Senate to serve as the service's director in September 2009.
Date: June 14, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: city budget;city government;federal budget;recreation
Context: testimony before a U.S. House committee
Fact-check justification: Jarvis said the National Park Service has an annual budget that is less than the budget for the city of Austin. For the fiscal year through September 2016, this is so by $100 million--though there are arguably plenty of differences between the agency and Austin city government that keep this comparison from meaning a great deal. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Amazon's "Utopia" TV series predicted the COVID-19 pandemic and an intentional effort to sterilize humans, showing the pandemic was planned.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: May 8, 2023
Location: national
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a TikTok
Fact-check justification: A TikTok video claimed that the TV series "Utopia" predicted the COVID-19 pandemic and an intentional effort to sterilize humans, showing the pandemic was planned. The series is a work of fiction that was written in 2013 — it neither predicted the COVID-19 pandemic nor proved it was planned. Research has found the virus that causes COVID-19 spreads naturally and vaccines created to stem the spread do not cause infertility. The statement is not accurate and makes a  . We rate it ! RELATED: Lie of the Year: Coronavirus downplay and denial
Statement: President Trump marshalled the full resources of our federal government from the outset. He directed us to forge a seamless partnership with governors across America in both political parties.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: August 26, 2020
Topics: states;coronavirus
Context: his speech at the Republican National Convention
Fact-check justification: Pence said, "President Trump marshalled the full resources of our federal government from the outset. He directed us to forge a seamless partnership with governors across America in both political parties." Trump and top administration officials have communicated with governors of both parties for months in meetings, phone calls and written communication. But Pence’s comment ignores that Trump has feuded with governors over state-federal responsibilities, supplies and shutdown or reopen policies. He’s also suggested a lesser role for the federal government, and said that the handling of COVID-19 should be left to the states.  We rate this  .
Statement: Kathy Manning gave "nearly $1 million to liberals
Speaker: ted budd
About the speaker: Ted Budd is a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives who represents parts of central North Carolina between Greensboro and Charlotte. He joined Congress in 2017.
Date: October 23, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a campaign video
Fact-check justification: Budd says Manning has given "nearly $1 million to liberals." That math relies on contributions by her husband. She hasn’t given anywhere close to that, doesn’t need to rely on her husband’s money to give to candidates, and their varied donations show they can have separate political interests. We rate this  . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide.
Statement: A leaked email from a Liberal Party politician shows the Canadian government's plan to "reset" the economy and seize private property.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 14, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: Facebook posts  that a leaked email from a liberal party politician shows the Canadian government's plan to "reset" the economy and seize private property.  The email claims to come from a member of the "Strategic Planning Committee" of Canada, but no such committee exists. The  echoes a widely debunked conspiracy theory known as the "Great Reset."  We rate these posts !
Statement: There is an increasing amount of evidence from public polling that the highest number of Americans ever identify themselves as pro-life.
Speaker: marco rubio
About the speaker: Marco Rubio, a U.S. senator from Florida, was a candidate for president of the United States in 2016 and then dropped out and won re-election to the Senate. He was first elected to the Senate in 2010 and took office Jan. 5, 2011. Rubio served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and is a former Speaker of the Florida House. He served on the West Miami City Commission from 1998 to 2000. He is from Miami and holds a law degree from the University of Miami.
Date: August 26, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: abortion
Context: an interview on 'Face the Nation'
Fact-check justification: Rubio said, "There is an increasing amount of  from public polling that the highest number of Americans ever identify themselves as pro-life." Rubio’s  is carefully worded. He referred to Americans identifying themselves as "pro-life," so that would allow him to zero in on polls that specifically ask questions about labels. Gallup polls show that the percentage of Americans that consider themselves "pro-life" has increased from 33 percent in 1995 to 50 percent in May 2012.   But policy matters more than labels. When pollsters ask respondents other questions about abortion -- such as if they favor abortion in limited cases -- the answers become more complicated, and it’s not easy to categorize those positions as "pro-life" or "pro-choice." Rubio has avoided those nuances, however, by carefully wording his statement. We rate this  . PolitiFact Florida is partnering with 10 News for the election. See video fact-checks here .
Statement: Between 27,000 and 200,000 Wisconsinites were "turned away" from the polls in 2016 due to lack of proper identification.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 17, 2019
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;voter id laws
Context: a speech at George Washington University
Fact-check justification: Clinton said between 27,000 and 200,000 Wisconsinites were "turned away" from the polls in 2016 due to lack of proper identification. But studies examining voter ID here say nothing of the sort. They looked broadly at how voter turnout changed — which includes the far larger number who simply stayed away. Experts say there is no reliable number for how many were physically turned away, but the existing work leaves no doubt it’s far short of the range cited by Clinton. This is the third time we have rated claims from Clinton on the Wisconsin turnout. She’s no closer on this one than the last one. We rate this  .
Statement: HR 1 "gives the federal government the power to establish their own committees" to take over the redistricting process.
Speaker: turning point usa
About the speaker: Turning Point USA is a conservative group that advocates for limited government and free markets. It was founded on June 5, 2012 by Charlie Kirk, and targets high school and college campuses.
Date: March 27, 2021
Topics: congress;elections
Context: a video posted on Instagram
Fact-check justification: Turning Point USA said that H.R. 1 "gives the federal government the power to establish their own committees" to take over the redistricting process. H.R. 1 would overhaul how congressional redistricting would work in the states that do not already have independent redistricting commissions. States currently without one would have to appoint a 15-member panel composed of equal numbers of Democrats, Republicans and independents. The law also says, broadly, that lines should not be drawn for partisan gain and that communities, if possible, should not be divided. However, the bill says states — not the federal government — would choose the commissioners and equip them for the task. These panels would not become the federal government’s "own committees" handling redistricting.  We rate the statement .
Statement: After learning some officers are Jewish, "Ilhan Omar says police shouldn't exist.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 18, 2019
Topics: corrections and updates;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: CORRECTION AND UPDATE: April 13, 11:50 a.m. : This fact-check was updated to include comment from an Omar representative and to correct the timing of Omar's remarks in 2019. The rating isn't changed.
Statement: 79% of Planned Parenthood clinics are in minority neighborhoods. This is not by accident. That is by its founder, Margaret Sanger's, eugenicist design.
Speaker: candace owens
About the speaker: Candace Owens is a conservative commentator, author and host on the Daily Wire. She formerly worked as a spokeswoman for Turning Point USA. She started Blexit, an effort to get black voters to leave the Democratic Party. She previously co-founded the website Degree180.
Date: May 3, 2022
Location: national
Topics: abortion;race and ethnicity;supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Owens claimed that "79%" of Planned Parenthood clinics are in minority neighborhoods. "This is not by accident. That is by its founder, Margaret Sanger's, eugenicist design," she said. Data on this matter is dispute, with advocates on each side of the abortion debate arriving at separate conclusions based on different methodology. Sanger has been criticized for supporting eugenics, but scholars say her allegiance to the movement concerned public health, not race.  She also was largely opposed to abortion, and none of her clinics performed the procedure until after her death. This statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: We fixed a loophole in the (gun) background record check system so that we could make our commonwealth safer.
Speaker: tim kaine
About the speaker: Tim Kaine is a U.S. senator representing Virginia, elected to the Senate in 2012. He was the 2016 Democratic nominee for vice president.
Kaine was governor from 2006 to 2010, lieutenant governor from 2002 to 2006, mayor of Richmond from 1998 to 2001, and city councilman of Richmond beginning in 1994. He was also the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011.
Kaine was born in St. Paul, Minn. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics in 1979 from the University of Missouri, Columbia, and a law degree from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 1983. He took a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras, becoming fluent in Spanish.
 
Date: July 27, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: criminal justice;crime;guns
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Kaine said that while governor, "We fixed a loophole in the background record check system so that we could make our commonwealth safer." Kaine can legitimately take credit for plugging a gap in state law that allowed some mentally ill people to buy guns even after having been ordered by courts to get outpatient treatment. So we rate his  .
Statement: Doctors who discovered cancer enzymes in vaccines all found murdered.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 2, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: The article puts forward a conspiracy theory that is based on the actual deaths of American doctors, but there is no information that they worked together on vaccine discoveries, nor were their deaths connected.  The conclusions in the article are pure speculation. We rate this  . UPDATE Feb. 12, 2019: Neonnettle said it deleted the post. We've updated this fact-check to reflect that new information and have changed the headline.
Statement: In Iraq, "violence is down to an all-time low" since the start of the war.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: December 1, 2011
Location: national
Topics: iraq;foreign policy;military
Context: an interview on NBC's "Today Show"
Fact-check justification: Not every statistic supports Biden’s statement that in Iraq, "violence is down to an all-time low" since the start of the war. But most of the statistics do. We rate his statement .
Statement: I believe we should have tax on carbon and deal aggressively with climate change. That is not (Hillary Clinton's) position.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: May 29, 2016
Location: national
Topics: environment;cap and trade;climate change;energy
Context: an interview on "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Sanders said, "I believe we should have tax on carbon and deal aggressively with climate change. That is not her position." Unlike Sanders, Clinton doesn’t advocate for a carbon tax. And while Clinton doesn’t go as far as Sanders in her climate change plan, she does have one. The League of Conservation Voters supports her plan as realistic and achievable.   We rate Sanders’  .
Statement: U.S. Steel just announced that they are building six new steel mills.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 31, 2018
Location: national
Topics: trade
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "U.S. Steel just announced that they are building six new steel mills." Between restarts, new mills and expansions, the steel industry has seen significant investment this year. But Trump is . U.S. Steel is restarting two shuttered mills. Other companies are re-opening or building a few other mills. We rate Trump’s statement .
Statement: There are more than twice as many (crisis pregnancy centers) as there are legitimate abortion providers in the United States.
Speaker: vicki saporta
About the speaker: Vicki Saporta has been president and CEO of the National Abortion Federation since 1995.
Date: May 9, 2016
Topics: abortion;families;health care;government regulation;public health;public safety;religion;science;state budget;women;punditfact
Context: an episode of "Full Frontal with Samantha Bee"
Fact-check justification: Saporta said, "There are more than twice as many  clinics as there are legitimate abortion providers in the United States." The last count of the number of abortion providers, around 1,720, is probably a bit high.  Meanwhile, the number of crisis pregnancy centers run the gamut from 1,800 to 8,000. There's no widely recognized tally. Saporta's  only holds up if you accept the higher estimates. We rate the statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/fc41f0fb-3df9-47ed-9140-0dba8ab8e198
Statement: The U.K. is no longer recommending the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine for pregnant women.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 30, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claimed the U.K. government is no longer recommending the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for pregnant women. This post took outdated information out of context. The U.K. government currently strongly recommends pregnant and breastfeeding women receive the COVID-19 vaccine. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Military Times reported that a study found "60% of sailors who had been fully vaccinated with 2-shot series vaccines are now at risk for heart disease.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 12, 2021
Topics: military;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: "  The bylines in the  images of Military Times stories belong to real reporters, but the letters show signs of having been doctored. The spacing and format are unusual and some characters are in a different color.   We also found no  that the Naval Branch Health Clinic serving active-duty service members assigned to Naval Base Coronado published a study that found the vaccine risks described in the  news caption.   Some real COVID-19 vaccine headlines published on Military Times?  "Potential military vaccine mandate brings distrust, support" "Service leaders have a month to come up with a plan to vaccinate all troops against COVID-19"  "The Navy is the service most vaccinated against COVID-19. The Marine Corps is the least" We rate these posts .