chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: After shedding jobs for more than 10 years, our manufacturers have added about 500,000 jobs over the past three.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: February 12, 2013
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: the State of the Union Address
Fact-check justification: The rise in manufacturing jobs that Obama is referring to is modest compared to the prior decade’s decline, but he has described the numbers carefully. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says the recall elections that aimed to remove him and other Republican officials from office "cost tens of millions of dollars to run.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: April 27, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;state budget
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Walker said "the recall elections" that aimed to remove him, the lieutenant governor and several state lawmakers from office "cost tens of millions of dollars to run." His  suggests at least $20 million was spent, but the tally was $16.3 million. That's more than a single ten, but less than "tens of millions." For a  that has only an element of , our rating is .   To comment on this item, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel’s web page .
Statement: Gov. Crist has never wavered in his support of the Second Amendment, the right to bear arms.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: July 14, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: Crist campaign website, accessed July 5, 2010
Fact-check justification: To be sure, Crist is no Charlton Heston. He isn't even a Palin, for that matter. He doesn't stalk across the state clutching a rifle or  to kill his own dinner. But his standing with the NRA is bulletproof, at least for the time being. We rate this .
Statement: The Republican election platform "was actually written with the help of a former lobbyist for AIG and a former lobbyist for Exxon-Mobil.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 28, 2010
Location: national
Topics: ethics
Context: Madison, Wisc
Fact-check justification: His implication is that former lobbyists had some sort of nefarious influence on the document that would benefit powerful special interests. Actually, the document is a compilation of fairly general talking points and principles that Republican members have been talking about for months. So we take that together and find that one former lobbyist -- not two -- helped write with the document. And it's unknown whether that help was anything more than cutting and pasting. So we rate Obama's statement .
Statement: (Bill) McCollum also voted for numerous amendments to weaken the legislation, even voting to make trains less accessible to those in wheelchairs.
Speaker: florida democratic party
About the speaker: the Florida affiliate of the Democratic Party.
Date: July 26, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: disability
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Any attempt to enforce moral behavior, however noble or desirable, is beyond the proper scope of government." In contrast, some advocates of the bill have complained that it did not go far enough. Our mission, however, is not to judge the value of the acclaimed legislation. The Florida Democratic Party claimed McCollum "voted for numerous amendments to weaken the legislation, even voting to make trains less accessible to those in wheelchairs." We rate this  .
Statement: The "9-0 decision last week was the 13th time the Supreme Court voted 9-0 that the president had exceeded his constitutional authority.
Speaker: bob goodlatte
About the speaker: Bob Goodlatte, a Republican, was first elected to Congress in 1993. He represents Virginia's 6th District, centered in Roanoke.
He is currently the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee and the vice chairman of the House Agriculture Committee.
Goodlatte earned a law degree from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, in 1977. His undergraduate degree in government was earned at Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, in 1974.
Date: June 29, 2014
Location: national
Topics: supreme court
Context: comments on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Goodlatte said, the "9-0 decision last week was the 13th time the Supreme Court has voted 9-0 that the president has exceeded his constitutional authority." A thorough review of the 13 cases found many instances where presidential authority was not at issue. Further, most of the cases originated under and were first litigated by the Bush administration. We rate Goodlatte’s statement .
Statement: Says Republican opponent Jason Isaac is peddling a plan meaning Texans "would pay the highest sales taxes in America, up to 14.5 percent.
Speaker: patrick rose
About the speaker: Patrick Rose served four terms in the Texas House of Representatives until losing a re-election bid in 2010.
Date: September 24, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: message machine 2010;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: He says he's uncertain how to get there, yet he supports the "consumption" model, meaning a reliance on sales taxes. And he approvingly referred to a study by a conservative group showing that one way to eliminate property taxes in Texas is to raise the state sales tax to 14.5 percent. Contrary to Rose's statement, though, there's no sign Isaac is peddling a plan to bump the state sales tax to 14.5 percent--indeed, there's flat-out no plan to peddle. Still, there's a shred of  to Rose's statement because Isaac has saluted the idea of swapping higher sales taxes for cuts in property taxes. We rate the statement .
Statement: One-third of all bank tellers (are) on public assistance.
Speaker: james carville
About the speaker: James Carville is a Democratic political consultant and political commentator.
Date: December 8, 2013
Topics: economy;financial regulation;poverty;workers;punditfact
Context: comments on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Carville said that one-third of bank tellers are on public assistance. In large part, Carville was faithful to a labor market analysis conducted on behalf of a group that advocates for better pay for lower-level bank employees. Carville made a minor error in talking about the bank tellers themselves when the study included their children. And there is debate among experts as to whether children’s insurance and the Earned Income Tax Credit should be counted as public assistance. Because of those caveats, we rate the  .
Statement: Republicans are "trying to create a fake unemployment insurance crisis.
Speaker: gordon hintz
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Gordon Hintz, D-Oshkosh, was elected to the state Assembly in 2006. In September 2017, his colleagues elected him minority leader of the Assembly.
Date: February 23, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;jobs;coronavirus
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Criticizing Republican inaction in the face of a staggering Wisconsin unemployment system, Hintz said they are "trying to create a  unemployment insurance crisis." There’s a point to be made about Republican inaction throughout 2020, as the Wisconsin Legislature was one of the least active in the nation in the face of the pandemic. But Hintz’s  went beyond that — to a description that flies in the face of what many Wisconsinites have experienced. This is a very real crisis that has had a devastating impact on thousands of people around the state. We rate Hintz’s  .
Statement: The number of ICU beds is larger in Boone County by a factor of three" compared to Orange County for the University of North Carolina.
Speaker: mun choi
About the speaker: Mun Y. Choi was named the 24th president of the University of Missouri System in November 2016. He serves as the chief executive and academic officer of the system, which administers four universities, a health care system, an extension program, and 10 research and technology parks.
Date: August 28, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: education;health care;coronavirus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: When you expand the lens, it’s apparent that there are regionally more beds in the Orange County area than in Boone County, although the Research Triangle population is also about eight times larger. Our ruling  At a press conference, Choi said, "the number of ICU beds is larger in Boone County by a factor of three." His math matches data from Johns Hopkins University. But a closer look shows the number of adult ICU beds to be close to the same in Boone and Orange counties.    With all things considered, we give this  a rating of .
Statement: The United States is 3rd in murders throughout the world. If you remove Chicago, Detroit, Washington, St. Louis and New Orleans, the United States is then 189th out of 193 countries in the entire world.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 20, 2018
Location: national
Topics: crime;guns
Context: In a meme
Fact-check justification: The image said, "The United States is 3rd in murders throughout the world. If you remove Chicago, Detroit, Washington, St. Louis and New Orleans, the United States is then 189th out of 193 countries in the entire world." By no measure is the United States third in total homicides or homicide rates. Excluding the named cities from the count had little to no impact on the United States’ international standing. Three of the cities named in the meme are consistently the top cities for intentional homicides in the United States, but the other two are not. They are by no means outliers, either. We rate this  !
Statement: The state Legislature attempted to "outlaw stem cell research, passes bills about microchips in the brain, and talks about seceding from the Union.
Speaker: roy barnes
About the speaker: Roy Barnes is the former governor of Georgia.
Date: July 6, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: message machine 2010;science;states
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: We find that Barnes' ad is not entirely correct but does say many accurate things. Georgia's state Senate did try to outlaw types of embryonic stem cell research, though not all of it, as the ad suggests. It passed a law -- not "laws" -- on "microchips in the brain." And while a bill didn't use the word "secession," it raised the possibility and outlined what would trigger it. Barnes earns a .
Statement: A video shows crowds shouting profanity at Joe Biden.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 27, 2022
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: No f-bombs were thrown. Bloomberg reported that the heckler, along with another man who interrupted Biden at the Iowa event, were part of a comedy duo called The Good Liars. Iowa voter: “I think you could be the Hillary of 2020…” Biden: “I thought they were exaggerating when they said that the Republicans said they were sending out 80 people to participate in the Democratic caucus here… By the way, give us back your ‘Joe’ shirt!” #IowaCaucus pic.twitter.com/AgKMlnXSl7   RELATED VIDEO:
Statement: We're no longer the wealthiest middle class in the world.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 21, 2019
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Iowa
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "We’re no longer the wealthiest middle class in the world." A 2014 article in the New York Times, using solid data through 2010, found that Canadian median income tied the United States in 2010 and was likely to surpass it. Other data from Pew Research Center backs up the idea that the U.S. middle class now trails Norway and Luxembourg, when it used to at least be equally on top with the latter small country.  Biden was imprecise in describing this as a change based on wealth, when the metrics were based on income. With that caveat, we rate this statement .
Statement: The Australia bushfires have nothing to do with climate change; it was arson.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: January 7, 2020
Topics: climate change;fires;crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A conservative website said: "The Australia bushfires have nothing to do with climate change; it was arson." It is widely believed by experts that climate change has made the fires much worse than they otherwise would have been, while the role of arson in causing the fires has been widely overstated. We rate the statement .
Statement: The New York Police Department used to have "surveillance going on in and around mosques in New York City. ... Our mayor totally cut that out.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 16, 2015
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;islam;terrorism
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Trump said the New York Police Department used to conduct "surveillance in and around mosques in New York City. Our mayor totally cut that out." While Trump doesn’t paint the full picture, there is  that supports his point: the New York Police Department used to spy on Muslims. The program actually went further than just surveilling mosques -- detectives mapped out entire Muslim communities, tracked Muslims’ daily activities, investigated Muslim college students and more. The project was shut down, but it was the police commissioner, not the mayor, who officially closed the program. The commissioner is the mayor’s appointee and in all likelihood acted with the mayor’s approval. We can’t say with certainty what kind of surveillance the police department conducts now. But Trump is right that a high-profile program was shuttered. We rate this statement .
Statement: Bennie Thompson actively cheer-led riots in the '90s.
Speaker: matt gaetz
About the speaker: Matt Gaetz was elected to Congress in 2016 representing Florida's 1st District. He was elected to the Florida House of Representatives serving District 4 in 2010. His father is former Sen. Don Gaetz.
Date: June 7, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: congress;jan. 6
Context: a podcast episode
Fact-check justification: Gaetz said, "Bennie Thompson actively cheer-led riots in the ’90s." We found no  to suggest that Thompson praised the unrest that erupted in Los Angeles in 1992. Gaetz’s assertion mirrored one made in an article by Breitbart, which highlighted an exchange between Thompson and the president of a bar association in Mississippi. However, Thompson did not express support for rioting in his correspondence with the bar association — he questioned its inaction regarding a lack of Black elected officials and judges. We rate Gaetz’s  .
Statement: The primary financing mechanism of the Affordable Care Act is a tax on wealthy people.
Speaker: thomas perez
About the speaker: Thomas E. Perez was chosen as the chairman of the Democratic National Committee on Feb. 25, 2017. Previously he was nominated by President Barack Obama to serve as Secretary of Labor and was sworn in on July 23, 2013. He previously served as the Secretary of Maryland's Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation.
Date: March 1, 2017
Location: national
Topics: health care;taxes
Context: an interview on CNN's "New Day"
Fact-check justification: Perez said that "the primary financing mechanism of the Affordable Care Act is a tax on wealthy people." According to CBO estimates, those taxes are the largest single revenue source, but trims in future Medicare spending growth do much more to keep the Affordable Care Act in balance. Every analyst we reached said that the complete fiscal package includes both revenues and spending cuts and it is  to say that the taxes are the main means of financing the health care program. Perez gave only half the picture. Accordingly, we rate this  .
Statement: Vern Buchanan "has been completely exonerated" in a Federal Election Commission action.
Speaker: vern buchanan
About the speaker: Vern Buchanan has represented Florida's 13th Congressional District since 2007.
Date: June 13, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: It's  that the FEC has said it won't take any further action against Buchanan. And there may indeed be strong  in his favor in the confidential FEC case file — but that's not yet available. All we know now is that the FEC declined to make its strongest finding, that there was no probable cause to believe Buchanan violated the law. In other words, Tibbetts' statement contained an element of , but ignored critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: It takes quite a while on Election Day to load those ballots, which is why we have the 1 a.m. or 3 a.m. ballot dumping in Milwaukee.
Speaker: devin lemahieu
About the speaker: Devin LeMahieu, R-Oostburg, has served in the Wisconsin State Senate since 2015, representing District 9. He was named senate majority leader in November 2020.
Date: January 10, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: LeMahieu said the Milwaukee "ballot dumping" is due to the amount of time it took to count absentee ballots. He’s right We’ve seen an array of nonsensical claims that these ballots were illegitimately added based on the progress of the Wisconsin count. But those all overlook the simple  that these ballots were reported later because it took longer to count them. We rate LeMahieu’s  .
Statement: The United States "decided waterboarding was torture back when we court-martialed American soldiers for waterboarding Philippine insurgents in the Philippine revolution.
Speaker: sheldon whitehouse
About the speaker: Sheldon Whitehouse is a Democratic U.S. Senator from Rhode Island.
Date: December 14, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: afghanistan;history;homeland security;human rights;iraq;legal issues;foreign policy;military;terrorism
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Sheldon Whitehouse said the United States "decided waterboarding was torture back when we court-martialed American soldiers for waterboarding Philippine insurgents in the Philippine revolution." The "water cure" as performed in the Philippines is not significantly different from the waterboarding done in reaction to the Sept. 11 attacks in 2001. Both forms of water torture -- and the risks -- are similar and the Senate report from 1903 makes it clear that military prosecutors regarded the "water cure" as a form of torture. We rate  the  as  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: The state budget has gone up over 80 percent under Rick Perry.
Speaker: bill white
About the speaker: Bill White, an author, is a San Antonio native who was mayor of Houston from 2004-2009. He was the 2010 Democratic nominee for governor of Texas.
Date: August 9, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: state budget
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: He has said he needs to 'get under the hood' and also work with legislators on specific cuts." Upshot: Budgeted spending increased nearly 79 percent on Perry's watch, not the "over 80 percent" White said. Also, there are ways to analyze the increase that reduce the growth percentage. Still, it's defensible to lean on raw budget amounts. We rate White's statement .
Statement: The richest 1 percent of America will get a bigger tax cut through this bill than the family income of the average family here in Central Texas.
Speaker: lloyd doggett
About the speaker: Rep. Lloyd Doggett was initially elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994.
Date: December 12, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Doggett added that "‘median’ is a type of ‘average’ too according to Merriam Webster’s online, which lists the first definition of  ‘average’ as ‘a single value (as a mean, mode, or median) that summarizes or represents the general significance of a set of unequal values.’)" As he acknowledges, Doggett didn’t specify median or mean incomes to KVUE, enabling his statement to leave the misimpression that the 2011 tax cut for the nation’s wealthiest 1 percent exceeds the average income of Central Texas families. Solely considering average family incomes, his  doesn’t hold up for two of three counties singled out by his office. Taking median incomes into account, though, his statement is supported. We rate the statement .