chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Paul Manafort's alleged crimes were "years ago, before Paul Manafort was part of the Trump campaign.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 30, 2017
Location: national
Topics: elections;crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said the allegations against Manafort involved crimes committed years ago. Most of the counts in the indictment detail Manafort’s money laundering efforts dating back to 2006. But that deception involving foreign bank accounts and  lenders, prosecutors said, extended until as late as October 2016. By March of that year, Trump had named Manafort to oversee the Republican National Convention. The charges that Manafort made  statements took place after Manafort stepped down from the Trump campaign, but they did take place within the past year. Trump’s  puts more of a cushion between him and Manafort than was actually the case. We rate this statement .
Statement: A Costco gas pump screen said "Don't blame us. Blame Joe Biden.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: May 27, 2022
Location: national
Topics: gas prices;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: An image on social media shows a Costco gas pump screen that said "Don’t blame us. Blame Joe Biden." The photograph is doctored. Inconsistencies in the image’s digital footprint show that the message was altered, and Costco representatives denied any of its screens were programmed or approved to display the words. We rate this .
Statement: Says Michelle Obama "had a staff of 23" while Melania Trump "has a staff of 4.
Speaker: turning point usa
About the speaker: Turning Point USA is a conservative group that advocates for limited government and free markets. It was founded on June 5, 2012 by Charlie Kirk, and targets high school and college campuses.
Date: March 11, 2019
Topics: federal budget;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: The post said that Michelle Obama "had a staff of 23" while Melania Trump "has a staff of 4." The number for Obama is in the ballpark, but the number for Trump is too low. Meanwhile, although Trump’s staff is smaller than Obama’s, it’s  to single out Obama, since Trump’s staff is also smaller than any first lady’s staff, Democratic or Republican, in decades. We rate the statement .
Statement: Three of five detainees swapped (for Bowe Bergdahl) are now ISIS leaders.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: September 15, 2014
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;military;terrorism
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: Bloggers said that "three of five detainees swapped (for Bowe Bergdahl) are now ISIS leaders." The  has nonexistent sourcing, has been published by sites with questionable track records for accuracy, and has been knocked down by independent experts. We rate it .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "doesn't make a thing in America.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: July 29, 2016
Location: pennsylvania
Context: a speech at Temple University
Fact-check justification: Speaking in a packed Temple University gym, Hillary Clinton questioned Donald Trump’s ability to create jobs for Americans and said, "He doesn't make a thing in America." Many of Trump’s products are made overseas, but not all of them. At the least, some of his suits and the campaign memorabilia he sells on his website are made in the United States. We rule the  .
Statement: Wearing foot patches can help adults grow inches in weeks.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 19, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Even adults with endocrine abnormalities, such as gigantism, which causes excessive growth, would only grow until about age 25, Milbrandt has said .   There are limb-lengthening procedures, but that involves a lot more than sleeping with patches on your feet. Think: breaking your leg bones and stretching them out.   Barring that, after puberty, nearly everyone shrinks with age.   We rate this post .
Statement: Says President Barack Obama "waited six months to call swine flu an emergency after thousands died.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 29, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The headline of an article shared on Facebook claimed: "Obama waited six months to call swine flu an emergency after thousands died." In October 2009, after more than 1,000 people in the United States had died of swine flu, also known as H1N1, Obama declared a national emergency. But six months earlier, his administration declared H1N1 a public health emergency. At that point, no deaths in the United States had occurred.  We rate the statement .
Statement: We've had the same leadership in the Travis County DA's office for 30 years.
Speaker: charlie baird
About the speaker: Charlie Baird, who was on the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals for nearly a decade, later served as a Travis County state district judge. He founded the criminal law section of an Austin law firm, according to the biography posted by his 2012 campaign for Travis County district attorney.
Date: March 1, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;legal issues
Context: a campaign handout
Fact-check justification: The Travis County DA’s office had two elected leaders over 35 years, from 1977 through 2011. Earle was the district attorney for 32 of those years, leaving office after voters elected Lehmberg, who earlier held several leadership roles under Earle and, significantly, was his first assistant for a dozen years. Counting her time as the first assistant district attorney, it’s fair to say Lehmberg has been a key leader of the office for 15 years. However, Earle -- who is no longer there -- was the office’s leader most of the leaflet’s proclaimed 30 years. We rate Baird’s  as .
Statement: Some 8.1 million of the estimated 11 million to 12 million people "in this country illegally are working.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: October 7, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: immigration;homeland security;foreign policy;regulation;workers
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: More on Ron Johnson Says Democratic challenger Russ Feingold "was the deciding vote on Obamacare ()" "The Iranian parliament will get to say yes or no on this deal, and I think the United States Congress should have the exact same input into the process. ()" Two-thirds of the federal budget is "permanent law ... it's permanently appropriated ()."
Statement: John Kerry is "now working on the behalf of foreign terrorist governments.
Speaker: rickey padgett
About the speaker: Rickey Padgett is a North Carolina Republican.
Date: September 15, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: iran
Fact-check justification: Padgett said Kerry is "now working on the behalf of foreign terrorist governments." Experts we consulted said that is not the case. Kerry’s meetings with Zarif were not unusual, and there is no clear  that his efforts to salvage the Iran deal were undermining current U.S. policy because the meetings occurred before Trump actually moved to scrap the deal, when the deal was still consistent with U.S. policy. More to the point, there is no  that Kerry has been in cahoots with or working for Iran. We rate Padgett’s statement . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide.
Statement: A photo shows "the Lincoln Memorial. His head damaged and defaced.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 6, 2020
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "   On June 4, the account retweeted Interior Secretary David Bernhardt, who tweeted a cleaned-up memorial and said; "Thank you! Great work by @NatlParkService facility maintenance staff who have restored these iconic and historic places." Mike Litterst, a spokesman for the National Mall and Memorial Parks told PolitiFact in an email that the photo in the Facebook post is a hoax.   "The only graffiti at the Lincoln Memorial was at the bottom of the steps at street level, far away from the statue (and it has been removed already)," he said. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Says Donald "Trump got, you know, $1.8 billion worth of free media. I got, like, none.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: March 20, 2016
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Kasich said, "Trump got, you know, $1.8 billion worth of free media. I got, like, none." The Ohio governor was referring to an analysis by mediaQuant, which measured so-called earned media coverage of presidential candidates and assigned a dollar value to them. Trump has gotten almost $1.9 billion in the past 12 months, while Kasich has only $37.7 million, according to mediaQuant. That's a ratio of 50 to 1. No other media firms seem to perform this analytical function, but experts told us it does look like Trump is far and away getting more coverage than his GOP rivals. Kasich is exaggerating that he doesn’t get any coverage, but his approximation stands, especially when compared with Trump. We rate this statement . Editor's Note, March 22, 2016: We updated this item to reflect Dr. Leetaru also has a tracker for online news separate from television.
Statement: About 40 percent of Hispanic homeowners have subprime mortgages.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 9, 2007
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Miami, Fla
Fact-check justification: At a Univision debate in Miami on Sept. 9, 2007, Clinton was asked about the federal government's role in solving the mortgage crisis. She replied that the problem was particularly serious for Hispanics because "about 40 percent of Hispanic homeowners have subprime mortgages. "
Government numbers indicate that's an accurate statement. The most recent statistics compiled by the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, cited in recent reports about the subprime lending crisis, say 40 percent of Hispanic homeowners have subprime mortgages. By comparison, 52 percent of black homeowners have subprime mortgages while only 19 percent of non-Hispanic whites do.
Statement: A viral image shows LeBron James wearing a T-shirt that reads, "We march, y'all mad. We sit down, y'all mad. We speak up, y'all mad. We die, y'all silent.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: October 9, 2017
Topics: civil rights;fake news;pop culture;punditfact
Context: Internet posts
Fact-check justification: It's more of a shout out to the family more than anything, because they're the ones that should be getting all the energy and effort." More recently, James chided President Donald Trump, who lashed out at the Golden State Warriors’ Stephen Curry for refusing to visit the White House with his championship team. James called Trump a "bum"on Twitter and later added that Trump "doesn't understand the power that he has" as president.    The older photo of James has been altered to make it look like he was wearing something he wasn’t. That earns this photo of a shirt a .
Statement: In 2005, Dan Branch tried to expand third-trimester abortions in Texas.
Speaker: texas right to life
About the speaker: A statewide anti-abortion and anti-euthanasia group that celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2013, Texas Right to Life says it fights "for the rights of the unborn (including the nascent humans created in laboratories), the disabled, the sick, the elderly, and the unloved," on its website, which also states, "We are non-sectarian and non-partisan, and we are the Texas affiliate of the National Right to Life Committee with representation on their board of directors."
Date: March 21, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;corrections and updates
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: Texas Right to Life said, "In 2005, Dan Branch tried to expand third-trimester abortions in Texas." TThis statement would hold up if Branch's amendment loosened established limits. To the contrary, lawmakers including Branch embraced specific restrictions superseding a broad limit stating that any fetus with a severe, irreversible abnormality could be aborted in the third trimester. If Branch's proposal had been adopted, such abortions could have taken place if a fetus had a severe irreversible impairment to the brain or--Branch’s wrinkle--another vital organ. The bottom line is Branch’s proposal would have restricted such abortions more than they'd been limited, which makes this  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. CLARIFICATION, 4:50 p.m., April 25, 2014 : We added some details to the body of this article and revised the section on our ruling. The rating did not change.
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Steve Daines, R-Mont., "opposes a vote on his own legislation that he proposed just a few months ago.
Speaker: democratic senatorial campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: October 9, 2013
Location: national
Topics: federal budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee said Daines opposes a vote on legislation he introduced. Democrats are seeking House members to sign a discharge petition to bring the legislation Daines introduced for a vote, and Daines won’t sign. However, the Democratic move would take away all the relevant text of the original bill, replace it with new language, leaving in place only the original bill number. Independent experts said that Daines would be voting on a measure that is substantially different from the one he put his name to in March. We rate the  .
Statement: Former Gov. Pat McCrory appointed liberals to the North Carolina Textbook Commission, which "mandated textbooks" pushing critical race theory.
Speaker: school freedom fund
About the speaker:  School Freedom Fund, a political action committee tied to Club for Growth Action
Date: April 2, 2022
Location: north carolina
Topics: education
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: The School Freedom Fund ad says Pat McCrory "put liberals in charge" of the North Carolina Textbook Commission, which "mandated textbooks." McCrory appointed registered Democrats, but did so because state law limits his options to people nominated by the state education superintendent — an office controlled by an elected Democrat throughout his tenure. The Textbook Commission doesn’t "mandate" textbooks. Its role requires it to place textbooks on a menu of approved reading materials for local school boards to choose from.  The ad contains an element of  but ignores other critical facts about the state’s education laws that would give voters a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Team Trump has accused Ted Cruz of fraud" in Iowa, Texas, Colorado, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Kansas, Maine, Utah and Wisconsin.
Speaker: frank luntz
About the speaker: Frank Luntz has long been a pollster and communications adviser to clients including Republican causes.
Date: April 6, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: elections;crime
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Luntz said: "Team Trump has accused Ted Cruz of fraud" in Iowa, Texas, Colorado, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Kansas, Maine, Utah and Wisconsin. Trump or Stone, his former campaign operative, have raised questions about the results in these states and more. But we didn’t identify "Team Trump" charges of fraud against Cruz in all the Luntz-listed states. The most pointed charges single out Cruz for supposedly  Iowa voters and later conspiring with super PACs in Utah and Wisconsin. Mentions of double-voting or unspecified "irregularities" in other states hint at a Cruz role without adding up to fraud accusations. On balance, we rate this  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says Marco Rubio took "three quarters of a million dollars from fossil fuel executives" during the 2016 Senate election.
Speaker: marco rubio's heckler
About the speaker: September Porras heckled U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio during his Aug. 22, 2017 speech to the Seminole County GOP. She is an Orlando resident, Swarthmore College student and member of Sunrise Movement, a national effort to combat climate change.
Date: August 22, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: environment;campaign finance;energy
Context: during Sen. Marco Rubio's speech to Seminole County GOP
Fact-check justification: A heckler said that Rubio took "three quarters of a million dollars from fossil fuel executives" during the 2016 Senate election. While the heckler was referencing Rubio’s Senate election, that amount also includes donations to his presidential race. That's an important distinction, because presidential fundraising tends to draw more donations. The figure comes from an analysis by the Center for Responsive Politics which found that Rubio received $753,201 during the 2016 cycle.  We rate this  .
Statement: More than 40 military tribunals testified.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 30, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Since Donald Trump lost the presidential election, unfounded allegations about people cast as his enemies have appeared online. Among the statements we’ve fact-checked and found : that the U.S .military was at the White House arresting Congress , that former Ambassador Susan Rice was the subject of a military tribunal and California Gov. Gavin Newsom had been indicted , and that the military had arrested Deborah Birx , the coronavirus response coordinator under Trump.   All of these are unfounded, as is the  that there are more than 40 military tribunals now underway. We couldn’t find any  to support this.   We rate it .
Statement: The State of Florida has announced measures that all workplaces with 10 employees or more are to have paid mandatory leave to avoid the spread of COVID-19 coronavirus starting on March 6, 2020. All schools are to close for 2 weeks also from March 6th.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 4, 2020
Location: florida
Topics: education;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: If the government of a state with more than 20 million people decided to shutter schools and many, many businesses for two weeks — forcing business owners to give their employees paid leave during that time — it would draw wide media attention. There is none.   And Florida isn't the only state allegedly forcing schools and businesses to close down. Facebook users are sharing reoprts that  Alabama , Alaska and others are taking the same action, but that's not , either. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: Slavery is still allowable under Wisconsin law as long as it's a punishment for a crime.
Speaker: lena taylor
About the speaker: Lena Taylor is a Milwaukee Democrat, was elected to the Wisconsin Senate in 2004. She previously served for nearly two years in the state Assembly.
Date: October 13, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;legal issues
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Our rating Referring to prison inmates, Taylor said: "Slavery is still allowable under Wisconsin law as long as it’s a punishment for a crime." Prison inmates aren’t owned and they cannot be forced into labor based on skin color. But slavery can also be considered as being forced into unpaid labor. And Wisconsin does have the legal authority to require inmates to work for no pay, although in practice it does so only when inmates violate prison rules. We rate Taylor’s statement .
Statement: Says Carol Burnett is dead.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 18, 2019
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: So what is Burnett actually up to? USA Today interviewed her in late December and reported that she will appear in the reboot of "Mad About You"   and has an upcoming Netflix film, "Sorta Like a Rock Star." A story said that Carol Burnett is dead and was a Trump supporter, but we found no  to back up either statement. Burnett lives. We rate this story .