chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In Texas, there are 668 Democratic Hispanic elected officials to the 60 in the Republican Party.
Speaker: texas democratic party
About the speaker: The Texas Democratic Party says it's "working to advance issues like job creation, comprehensive immigration reform, good schools, health care and building an economy that lasts."
Date: March 3, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: candidate biography;elections;history;race and ethnicity
Context: a quoted comment
Fact-check justification: The Texas Democratic Party’s spokeswoman correctly cited two figures from the 2011 NALEO directory suggesting that Latino elected Democrats in Texas greatly outnumber their Republican counterparts. Still, this  is missing substantive context -- that NALEO did not determine the party memberships of most Latino Texas officeholders. If this were done, the Democratic-Republican ratio might change. We rate the  .
Statement: Nearly 25 percent of all automobile accidents are caused by texting while driving.
Speaker: doug holder
About the speaker: Rep. Doug Holder, 46, is a Republican small businessman from Venice, Fla.  He was first elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 2006.
Date: March 13, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: public safety;transportation
Context: a committee hearing on HB 13
Fact-check justification: Holder’s statistic that 25 percent of all crashes are the result of texting at the wheel missed the mark. It would have been more accurate had he said "distracted driving" or "using cell phones." There’s a grain of  in that texting is one of the ways a driver can be distracted. We rate Holder’s statement .
Statement: In his first TV interview as president, Obama said we "should talk to Iran.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: August 30, 2012
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: And as I said during my inauguration speech, if countries like Iran are willing to unclench their fist, they will find an extended hand from us. Again, we’re not evaluating in this fact-check whether Obama’s policies on Iran have worked to slow Iran’s pursuit of nuclear weapons. But Obama said in his first presidential interview that we should "be willing to talk to Iran." Romney’s characterization of that interview is very close. We rate his  .
Statement: Says that when the Rolling Stones performed in an Austin park, they paid $25,000 to the nearby city of Rollingwood "for one night of inconvenience.
Speaker: barry bone
About the speaker: Barry Bone won election as mayor of Rollingwood in 2012.
Date: June 13, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: city government;recreation
Context: the Westlake Picayune
Fact-check justification: Bone said the Rolling Stones gave $25,000 to Rollingwood after the band performed at Zilker Park. That’s the amount of money that flowed through the Austin Parks Foundation to the city described as proceeds from the big show. We rate the statement as .
Statement: That's 5,615 projected coal-powered plants in just 8 countries. The USA has 15 - building 0 more.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 23, 2019
Topics: environment;climate change;energy;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post said there are "5,615 projected coal-powered plants in just 8 countries. The USA has 15 - building 0 more." The post stated that the number includes plants in operation and being built, but didn’t cite a source and we found no  to back it up. The Global Plant Coal Tracker showed a total of 3,074 if we include those that exist now, are under construction or in preconstruction. The Facebook post  the number of coal plants. We rate it .
Statement: Says "Obama paid FBI informant over $1 million to do it to Trump.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: May 22, 2018
Topics: elections;fake news;punditfact
Context: a fake news blog post
Fact-check justification: Some money came before Trump announced he was running The article’s math is also off. About 40 percent of the money was awarded before Trump even got into the race in June 2015. So even if there were a tie between the contracts and Halper’s conversations with Trump campaign advisers – and there’s zero indication of that —  the amount would be less than $1 million. The article strings together a handful of facts to gin up a compelling headline, but nothing holds together. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Chris Wallace tweeted to Donald Trump, "You're a fraud. A charlatan. A thug. A loser. A trust fund baby.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 20, 2019
Topics: candidate biography;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The account also retweeted country singer Toby Keith, who was promoting an upcoming appearance on the show. The account didn’t reply to anyone that day, nor since. Additionally, we found no personal Twitter account for Wallace. A Fox News host aggressively attacking the president would have garnered the same kind of attention as Trump’s salvo, but we could find none.   We rate this Facebook post !
Statement: The New York State Senate "passed legislation allowing minors to race snowmobiles, get their own hunting licenses, and not be employed gathering or picking rags, cigar stumps, or collecting bones.
Speaker: samantha bee
About the speaker: Samantha Bee is a comedian whose show Full Frontal appears on TBS. She previously appeared on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart.
Date: June 21, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: children
Context: a segment on her show "Full Frontal"
Fact-check justification: Comedian Samantha Bee said the New York State Senate "passed legislation allowing minors to race snowmobiles, get their own hunting licenses, and not be employed gathering or picking rags, cigar stumps, or collecting bones." Each of the bills is real and passed the Senate this year. Her  is .
Statement: The Great Wall of China, built 2,000 years ago, is 13,000 miles (long).
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 2, 2016
Location: national
Topics: history
Context: remarks after the Super Tuesday balloting
Fact-check justification: Trump said that the Great Wall of China was "built 2,000 years ago" and "is 13,000 miles" long. He has repeated two figures that are widely cited and, superficially at least, seem credible. But when we ran them by several experts in Chinese history, we found that the reality is more nuanced. Major unifications of early portions of the wall did occur about 2,200 years ago. However, the wall was built over the course of many centuries, and the best preserved, most iconic portions of the wall are a lot younger -- roughly 500 years old. Meanwhile, a Chinese government survey from 2012 reported a total length of 13,000 miles. However, this figure includes many bits and pieces of wall, some of them quite isolated. Trump’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: Florida has "the most errors and exonerations from death row.
Speaker: american civil liberties union of florida
About the speaker: The American Civil Liberties Union of Florida advocates for "individual rights and personal freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution and the Bill of Rights."
Date: May 27, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: legal issues;supreme court
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Florida has "the most errors and exonerations from death row," ACLU of Florida executive director Howard Simon said in a press release. According to a count by the Death Penalty Information Center, Florida has exonerated 24 death row inmates -- the most of any state in the nation. But another resource that uses a different definitions of "exoneration" and has a different time period -- the National Registry of Exonerations -- shows Florida had eight exonerations, fewer than Illinois, Louisiana and Texas. The ACLU's  makes it seem like Florida is unchallenged for the most exonerations, but the data is actually murkier. So we rate this  .
Statement: After the U.S.-led military alliance ejected Saddam Hussein's forces from Kuwait in 1991, the Kuwaitis "never paid us.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 27, 2011
Location: national
Topics: history;foreign policy;military
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Total paid: $52.9 billion A final accounting published a decade later by the House Budget Committee’s Democratic staff found that the final reimbursements eventually crept up slightly, to $54.1 billion. Of that, $48.4 billion was in cash, and $5.7 billion was in kind. So Trump was flat  that Kuwait "never paid us." When the books were closed on the war, the United States found itself out of pocket by about $7 billion -- less than half of the $16 billion shelled out by the Kuwaitis. We rate his  !
Statement: A recent economic uptick appears to "coincide" with "the expectation of a new Republican Congress.
Speaker: mitch mcconnell
About the speaker: Mitch McConnell is a U.S. Senator from Kentucky and the Republican minority leader in the U.S. Senate.
Date: January 7, 2015
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a Senate floor speech
Fact-check justification: McConnell said a recent economic uptick appears to "coincide" with "the expectation of a new Republican Congress." Even leaving aside the question of causation, key statistics show that the economic recovery was under way well before September, which is our best estimate for when the "expectation" of a GOP Senate solidified. We rate the statement . Help fund PolitiFact's Kickstarter to live fact-check the 2015 State of the Union and GOP response.
Statement: Data from around the world suggests that omicron favors the fully vaccinated.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 3, 2022
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: A blog post claimed that data from around the world showed that the fast-spreading omicron variant of COVID-19 "favors people who are fully vaccinated." That’s not accurate.  Early research suggests that vaccines may not be as effective against omicron as they have been against other variants, but there is no  to support the  that omicron favors people who are vaccinated. Experts say that vaccinated people have more protection, and that the high numbers of infections among vaccinated people are due in part to the high vaccination rates in certain countries.  We rate this  .
Statement: Under President Barack Obama's jobs bill, "you can sue if you are unemployed and don't get the job and think you weren't hired because you are unemployed.
Speaker: sean hannity
About the speaker: Sean Hannity is a conservative political commentator and hosts a nationally syndicated radio show, as well as two television shows on the Fox News Channel. In a 2013 interview Hannity said that he is a “registered Conservative” and ”not a Republican, though people often mistake me for one.” Hannity has authored three books.
Date: September 13, 2011
Location: national
Topics: jobs;legal issues;pundits;workers
Context: a discussion on Fox News' "Hannity"
Fact-check justification: Lynne Bernabei, a Washington employment lawyer best known for representing whistleblowers, agreed that Hannity described the law accurately, though she said that individuals suing under the new provisions -- if they are ultimately enacted as written -- will still face a steep climb in the courts before they secure any compensation. "Any individual suing under this law has to prove that he was discriminated against because he was unemployed," Bernabei said. "Discrimination is always difficult to prove, and it wouldn't be any easier to prove in this context." But Hannity didn’t suggest that plaintiffs would somehow be assured of winning in court; he simply said that they would have the opportunity to sue. We rate Hannity’s statement .
Statement: The Trump administration put secret watermarks on official ballots to trick cheating Democrats.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: November 4, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A QAnon-related conspiracy theory claims that Trump, with the help of the Department of Homeland Security, added secret watermarks to ballots in order to catch Democrats cheating. The federal government doesn’t print ballots or play an active role in the mechanics of elections. State and local governments are in charge of administering elections, including printing ballots, which is typically contracted with printing companies.  We rate this .  This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click  here , for more.
Statement: Says Joe Biden's website shows that he supports the Green New Deal, despite denials in debate.
Speaker: tiktok posts
About the speaker: Posts on the video-sharing platform TikTok.
Date: October 1, 2020
Topics: environment;climate change;debates
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: The TikTok post claimed that text on Joe Biden’s campaign website proves that he supports the Green New Deal, despite his denials in the first presidential debate.  Biden’s plan shares some of the Green New Deal’s goals, and he has acknowledged that his plan was inspired by it. But his plan differs in scope. We rate this  .
Statement: In 2009, Democratic Wisconsin state senators "rammed through a billion-dollar tax hike in 24 hours with no public input.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: February 19, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;state budget;taxes
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: This is one budget-repair bill debate we can bring swiftly to a close. Accused by Senate Democrats of rushing a vote on his repair bill, Walker fired back with his own charge. He said that two years earlier, many of those senators had rammed through a billion-dollar tax hike contained in a Democratic repair bill -- in 24 hours and without public input. The record is clear. We rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: In the past six years alone, changes to the pension formula … have saved over half a billion dollars.
Speaker: rhode island retirement security coalition
About the speaker: The Rhode Island Retirement Security Coalition is a group of nine Rhode Island public sector employee unions representing teachers, police officers, fire fighters, correctional officers, and state and municipal employees.
Date: September 9, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: labor;legal issues;retirement;unions;workers
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: (The unions won an initial round in their challenge, but it’s far from over.) In summary, the union video accurately describes changes to the state pension plan which are projected to save the state more than a half-billion dollars over the lifetime of the beneficiaries. But the  that the money has been "saved" misconstrues a projected savings as an actual savings. In reality, the total savings wouldn’t be realized for decades. For that reason, we rule the statement as  .
Statement: One hundred and ninety-four countries signed the Paris Agreement to control greenhouse gases. Our own voluntary agreement to accomplish the same goal — the Under2  MOU — has 165 signatories, representing a billion people.
Speaker: jerry brown
About the speaker: Jerry Brown is the governor of California. A Democrat, he earlier served as governor of California from 1975 to 1983.
Date: January 24, 2017
Location: national
Topics: climate change
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Brown said, "194 countries signed the Paris Agreement to control greenhouse gases. Our own voluntary agreement to accomplish the same goal — the Under2 MOU — has 165 signatories, representing a billion people." The Under2 MOU, spearheaded by California and the Germany state Baden-Württemberg, is a climate change agreement signed by 155 cities and states that have pledged reductions in carbon emissions and endorsed by 10 countries. While its emissions impact is not as far-reaching as the Paris agreement, experts told us it is a very similar deal that fosters international cooperation on climate change and fills a void in times of national hesitation to act. We rate Brown’s  .
Statement: Tom Hanks shouting "sexy baby" is connected to Jeffery Epstein and pedophilia.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: January 3, 2023
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video
Fact-check justification: "  "Toddlers & Tiaras," which aired from 2009 to 2016 on TLC, was criticized throughout its run for sexualizing young children competing in beauty pageants, wearing costumes and performing routines that were considered overly adult in tone.   The sketch mocked the reality show; it did not endorse pedophilia. It featured Hanks as an overbearing father obsessed with a fictional daughter named Sophie winning a nonexistent child beauty pageant called "Miss Ultimate Sexy Baby Nevada. "  QAnon conspiracy theorists have long claimed, without , that some prominent politicians and celebrities are involved in a satanic child sex trafficking ring. We rate this  about Hanks as !
Statement: Says President Barack Obama is trying to "pack" the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals.
Speaker: chuck grassley
About the speaker: Chuck Grassley is a Republican senator from Iowa.
Date: June 3, 2013
Location: national
Topics: legal issues
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The  that Obama is "packing" the D.C. Circuit Court largely runs counter to American legal and political history. Genuine court packing has involved one branch of government proposing to change the structure of the courts, either expanding or decreasing the number of judges. That's not what Obama's doing.  We rate the  .
Statement: Says Wisconsin 'could compel' Foxconn to install solar panels that would power 33,000 homes.
Speaker: tony evers
About the speaker: Tony Evers, a Democrat, was elected Wisconsin governor in November 2018. His term begins in January 2019. Evers has served as the Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction, a non-partisan position, since 2009. He previously worked as a teacher and school district administrator.
Date: April 22, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;energy;jobs
Context: an appearance on UpFront with Mike Gousha
Fact-check justification: Our rating Evers says the state "could compel" Foxconn to install solar panels, and those would have enough capacity to power 33,000 homes. Experts say the quoted capacity is theoretically possible, though it would be extremely expensive and vastly larger than anything put on a roof in the world to date. And the logistical issues are many. Meanwhile, Foxconn construction is underway and incentive agreements have been signed, so the state doesn’t appear to have a route to force such action unless outside factors lead to reopened negotiations. We rate Evers’  .
Statement: Obama has "visited more countries and met with more world leaders than any president in his first six months in office.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: November 19, 2009
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a widely circulated e-mail
Fact-check justification: No sitting U.S. president left the country until Theodore Roosevelt in 1906. He made a single foreign outing: a three-day visit to Panama in November of that year to inspect construction of the Panama Canal." Including his most recent Asia trip, Knoller notes that Obama has taken eight foreign trips to 20 countries. Make what you will of Obama's globe-trotting, Watson's e-mail is correct that Obama has visited more countries and met with more world leaders than any president in his first six months in office. We rate it .
Statement: Video shows Hillary Clinton dressed as a space cult leader in a satanic ritual.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 8, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: In the YouTube video, Clinton’s comments can be heard in full: "There’s a lot that’s really wonderful about this gathering and this event tonight, to be brought together by Ann and to help her celebrate her birthday." Drake, president and founder of a woman’s leadership organization called Lincoln Road Enterprises and the former chief executive officer of DSC Logistics, is Clinton’s friend . We found an invitation online for the party called "Close Encounters of a New Kind" that happened over Labor Day weekend. For one of the events, guests were encouraged to wear "space" and "future-focused" costumes.   We rate this post .