chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: A referendum "gives the people the chance to decide" on cutting the Milwaukee County Board budget by two-thirds
Speaker: leah vukmir
About the speaker: Republican Leah Vukmir was elected to the Wisconsin state Senate in 2010, representing a suburban Milwaukee district. She served in the state Assembly from 2002 to 2008. She lost a bid for the U.S. Senate in 2018.
Date: May 15, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: county budget;county government
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: "Unfortunately, this bill flies in the face of the trust in the people of Milwaukee County and our Democratic system." Our rating Vukmir contended that Milwaukee County voters would decide whether the County Board budget takes a big cut. That’s . A referendum would determine County Board supervisors’ pay, but most of the changes in the bill -- including the County Board’s budget level -- would take effect directly through the legislation, without voter approval in 2014. We rate her  .
Statement: A Penn State University study found that "electronic cigarettes . . . are far less addictive than cigarettes.
Speaker: dino baccari
About the speaker: Dino Baccari lists himself as "founder and believer" of White Horse Vapor, which makes e-cigarettes.
Date: April 16, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: children;consumer safety;drugs;legal issues;public health;public safety;recreation;regulation;science
Context: testimony before the Senate Committee on Health & Human Services
Fact-check justification: Dino Baccari said that a Penn State University study found that "electronic cigarettes … are far less addictive than cigarettes." He's not blowin' smoke. His characterization of the study's conclusion is accurate. But it's important to note that the conclusion is based on an open-to-anyone survey that relied on the recall of e-cigarette users who may have a natural bias toward reporting that the products they've chosen to use are less addicting than the cigarettes they're trying to avoid. Comparable studies support that conclusion. With the limitations in the methodology, we would characterize the statement as accurate, but in need of clarification or additional information, which we classify as  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Says Sen. Elizabeth Warren "lives in a $5.4 million mansion.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 29, 2014
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;housing
Context: a meme on social media
Fact-check justification: The social media meme said Warren "lives in a $5.4 million mansion." Warren does live in a desirable neighborhood in an expensive urban center, which means that her house is much more expensive than that of most Americans. Still, the meme overshoots the facts of the case. The house’s estimated value is less than half of the stated $5.4 million, and calling it a mansion is a stretch. The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, so we rate it .
Statement: The Texas Capitol faces South toward Goliad, in memory of the most horrific battle of the Texas Revolution.
Speaker: christine gilbert
About the speaker: Christine Gilbert is an Austin artist.
Date: July 11, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: history;states
Context: a letter to the editor of the Austin American-Statesman
Fact-check justification: Quoting a snippet on a Senate website, Gilbert said the Texas Capitol faces south toward Goliad in memory of a key battle in the Texas Revolution. We found no factual foundation to that; the Goliad  also was removed from the site a few days after we launched our inquiries. Besides, we conclude, the Capitol faces south so lawmakers can perennially keep an eye on the Austin American-Statesman , located on the south bank of the Colorado River. Just kidding ! The historical consensus is that in keeping with Waller's Austin vision, the Capitol was built, on a gentle rise at the top of the city’s main street, to face south toward the capital’s heart. We rate the statement .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. CORRECTION, 10:30 a.m., July 25, 2015: This story has been amended to correct the original version stating there was no battle at Goliad during the Texas Revolution. The Texas forces won an 1835 battle in Goliad. This revision did not affect our rating of the statement.
Statement: Sanctuary cities are extremely dangerous.
Speaker: pat toomey
About the speaker: Pat Toomey is a U.S. senator from Pennsylvania, having won election to his seat in 2010 by defeating Democratic Rep. Joe Sestak. Toomey occupies the seat formerly held by Sen. Arlen Specter, to whom he narrowly lost in the 2004 Republican U.S. Senate primary.
Date: July 5, 2017
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: criminal justice
Context: At a "town hall"
Fact-check justification: Our Ruling Pat Toomey said at a televised town hall, "Sanctuary cities are extremely dangerous." Despite several examples of crimes being committed by people ICE wanted detained but were released, no  has been produced to prove sanctuary cities are dangerous because of the policy. In fact, one study from last year showed sanctuary city policies have no statistically significant effect on crime. Neither Toomey, nor any study has shown sanctuary cities are measurably dangerous. We rule the  .
Statement: Right to Work states have: faster private sector employment growth
Speaker: wisconsin manufacturers and commerce
About the speaker: Wisconsin Manufacturers and Commerce is Wisconsin's largest business group. It says its members include large and small manufacturers, service companies, local chambers of commerce and specialized trade associations. WMC is also a lobbying organization and often gets involved in state political races.
Date: March 9, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;states
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: In a tweet, WMC claimed right-to-work states have faster private-sector job growth than in non-right-to-work states. While the numbers may add up, the report itself says the numbers can’t prove one causes the other. And outside experts say there are many factors at work, such as other pro-business policies or an existing trend of employment growth. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says the Texas State Board of Education is considering eliminating references to Christmas and the Constitution in textbooks.
Speaker: gretchen carlson
About the speaker: Gretchen Carlson is a co-anchor of the Fox News Channel morning show Fox & Friends.
Date: March 10, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: education
Context: an episode of Fox & Friends
Fact-check justification: First, the board is hammering out changes to state curriculum standards, not textbooks. Second, the board is not considering removing Christmas from a list of various religious holidays. And third, the board has never considered removing the Constitution from history textbooks or the state's curriculum. The "Fox & Friends" anchor made things simple and irresponsibly far-fetched and . We rate Carlson's  statement as .
Statement: Alison Alter "got an F in attendance in 2016" as an Austin parks board member "and was removed by a unanimous vote of the Austin City Council.
Speaker: sheri gallo
About the speaker: Sheri P. Gallo, a longtime Austin businesswoman, won election in 2014 as the District 10 member of the Austin City Council. She was sworn in along with the mayor and nine other council members in January 2015.
Date: November 29, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: city government
Context: a mailer to voters
Fact-check justification: Gallo said Alter "got an F in attendance in 2016 as a Parks Board member and was removed by a unanimous vote of the Austin City Council." This  gets events flat  in that we found no  that Alter’s removal from the board--which occurred at Gallo’s behest--had anything to do with missed meetings. Austin volunteers who serve on city boards don’t get graded on attendance. Still, if Alter were graded on her entire tenure rather than a cherry-picked stretch, she’d merit a passing grade of ‘C.’ We find this   and . !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says that Tim Pawlenty eliminated health insurance for 33,000 to 35,000 people when he was governor of Minnesota.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: May 22, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: Pawlenty was succeeded by a Democrat, Mark Dayton, who campaigned on using the federal health care law of 2010 to expand the Medicaid program in Minnesota. Signing an executive order to do so was one of Dayton’s first acts as governor, which moved the General Assistance Medical Care program into Medicaid. The ad from the Democrats says that Pawlenty eliminated a health care program for 33,000 to 35,000 people. He did veto the program, but then he negotiated a change to lower costs by reducing benefits. So we rate the ad’s  .
Statement: If the vaccine came out tomorrow, how in the heck would we get it to people? There is no game plan.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: August 6, 2020
Topics: coronavirus
Context: an interview with journalism associations
Fact-check justification: Biden said that "if the vaccine came out tomorrow, how in the heck would we get it to people? There is no game plan." Biden is correct that there isn’t a detailed vaccine distribution plan written by the federal government at this time. But the vaccine isn’t coming out tomorrow, and a federal plan is in the works. There are committees working on recommendations for vaccine distribution to include which groups should get the vaccine first. The CDC also asked four states and a city to pilot a program for vaccine distribution. Nationwide, states are expected to submit their own vaccination distribution plans by the end of September to the federal government. There are a lot of unanswered questions that will affect vaccine distribution. But the planning is happening. We rate this  .
Statement: Monster Energy's logo uses a sign of the anti-Christ as part of its marketing effort.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 10, 2023
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Most of Monster’s marketing on its social media sites show athletic imagery — Grand Prix motorcycle racing, skateboarding, snowsports, surfing, mixed martial arts and more. What we don’t see? References to the anti-Christ.    We rate this  !   PolitiFact researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.
Statement: Adjusting for inflation, West Virginia's median household income has not grown in a decade.
Speaker: mike romano
About the speaker: Mike Romano is a Democratic state senator in West Virginia.
Date: December 8, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: income;poverty
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Romano wrote that "adjusting for inflation, West Virginia’s median household income has not grown in a decade." West Virginia’s inflation-adjusted median income has dropped 9 percent in the last decade, even as the national figure has risen by 3 percent. We rate his statement .
Statement: Twitter is completely stifling FREE SPEECH" by adding a fact-check label to Trump's tweet.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 26, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;legal issues;technology
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Twitter is completely stifling FREE SPEECH." Six legal experts told us Trump is . The First Amendment limits the government, not private platforms like Twitter. Twitter’s decision to mark one tweet as  is itself protected under the First Amendment. We rate Trump’s statement !
Statement: Immigrants start businesses at a faster rate; they seem to grow those businesses more successfully.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: June 22, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview with Vox
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "immigrants start businesses at a faster rate; they seem to grow those businesses more successfully." Federal data and the experts we spoke with back up her . While it’s important to note that  on the success of immigrant-owned businesses is limited, what we did find supports what Clinton said, that immigrants "seem" to grow their businesses better than their native counterparts. We rate Clinton’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/9e394b49-c56d-49c0-8cc7-46eb68e4e919
Statement: Under my predecessor, they cut funding for education, but they didn't give them anything in return to make up for that," leading to "less money" for school districts
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: March 16, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: That, he said, resulted in "less money" for local districts. This is a mixed bag. Aid was cut by Doyle, and Doyle’s slowing of overall revenue growth by districts did squeeze some and force layoffs. But it’s not  that Doyle gave districts no way to address shortfalls; unlike Walker he allowed local property taxes to rise. On balance, we rate Walker’s statement .
Statement: Seventy-seven of the top 300 cities with the highest poverty rate" nationwide are in California.
Speaker: antonio villaraigosa
About the speaker: Antonio Villaraigosa, a Democrat, is a candidate for California governor, former mayor of Los Angeles and former state Assembly speaker. 
Date: June 6, 2017
Location: california
Topics: economy;poverty;the 2018 california governor's race
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Candidate for California governor Antonio Villaraigosa recently claimed: "Seventy-seven of the top 300 cities with the highest poverty rate are in our state." He relied on a study that grouped  77 "economically challenged" cities in California among nearly 300 such cities in the nation. But it used data from four years ago, when many cities were still recovering from the Great Recession. Villaraigosa made it sound as if these cities are still experiencing the same level of hardship. Also, experts on poverty said the economically challenged label isn’t the same as Villaraigosa’s description of these cities as among the poorest in the nation. Nearly half the cities on the study’s list qualified for that label not because of their poverty level. Many, in fact, had poverty rates below the state average. Instead, they qualified because they had a high unemployment rate in 2013. The jobless rate in many of those cities has improved considerably since then. Villaraigosa touched on a real problem in California: Poverty remains widespread and entrenched. But he mischaracterized the results of a study and painted a darker picture of economic hardship in California than the facts bear out. We rate Villaraigosa’s  .    –  The statement is not accurate. Click here for   more   on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says "80 percent of the health care dollars are spent by 20 percent of the population.
Speaker: alan bates
About the speaker: Alan Bates is an Oregon state senator. He represents Senate District 3, which covers Medford.
Date: February 14, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: health care;public health
Context: a floor speech
Fact-check justification: Bates said that 20 percent of the population accounts for 80 percent of the health care dollars spent. His  is backed up by two studies from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. That data is a little old, but newer numbers from CareOregon show the same split and a professor who studies the issue also confirmed the senator’s . We give this statement a . Return to OregonLive to comment on this PolitiFact Oregon ruling.
Statement: I just talked about guns. I told you what my position was, and what I did as governor, the fact that I received the endorsement of the NRA.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: December 16, 2007
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: "Meet the Press" interview
Fact-check justification: We did find something funny: Turns out the NRA endorsed a Romney for public office, just not Mitt. Ronna Romney, divorced from Gov. Romney's brother Scott, earned the NRA's support in 1996 as she campaigned for a U.S. Senate seat representing Michigan. She won the primary, but lost to incumbent Sen. Carl Levin. Maybe that's why Mitt was confused. At least he admits it's .
Statement: Over 300K home owner suicides attributed to foreclosures.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 25, 2014
Location: national
Topics: economy;health care;housing;public health
Context: a meme shared on social media
Fact-check justification: The meme said that over 300,000 homeowner suicides are attributable to foreclosures. But that would mean every suicide over a nine-year period would have been caused by a foreclosure, and experts say that’s not credible. We rate the  .
Statement: The Justice Department's Fast and Furious gun-walking program "started in the Bush administration.
Speaker: jane harman
About the speaker: Former U.S. Rep. Jane Harman, D-Calif., served nine terms in Congress before resigning in 2011 to take over as president and CEO of the Woodrow Wilson Center, a Washington-based think tank. She is a frequent guest on Sunday news shows.
Date: September 28, 2014
Topics: punditfact;guns
Context: a panel on "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Harman said Fast and Furious "started in the Bush administration." Like a similarly worded  from Obama two years ago, her  is . There was a program run by ATF’s Phoenix Field Division called Operation Wide Receiver that started during the Bush administration, but Operation Fast and Furious was a specific effort launched after Obama took office in 2009. We rate her  .
Statement: As a mayor, "John Fetterman chased down an innocent, unarmed Black man," wielded a shotgun and "falsely accused the man, triggering a confrontation with police.
Speaker: american leadership action
About the speaker: American Leadership Action is a super PAC that supports the 2022 candidacy of Dr. Mehmet Oz, the Republican nominee for U.S. Senate in Pennsylvania. 
Date: September 1, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: candidate biography;crime;race and ethnicity;ad watch
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: An ad from a group supporting Oz claimed that as mayor of Braddock, Pennsylvania, Fetterman "chased down an innocent, unarmed Black man," wielded a shotgun and "falsely accused the man, triggering a confrontation with police." In the 2013 incident, Fetterman said that after hearing what he thought were gunshots, he chased a person. It is unclear whether Fetterman knew at the outset that the man, Miyares, is Black.  Fetterman displayed a shotgun to detain Miyares until police arrived. Police said Fetterman told officers "he knows this male was shooting." Police said Miyares was unarmed, released at the scene and not charged with a crime. The  is accurate but needs clarification. We rate it .
Statement: Yet, for all that spending, health outcomes today on Medicaid are mediocre and many patients have difficulty accessing care.
Speaker: seema verma
About the speaker: As the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Seema Verma oversees a $1 trillion budget, representing 26% of the total federal budget, and administers health coverage programs for more than 130 million Americans. She was nominated by President Trump on November 29, 2016 – the seventh nomination by the President-elect – and confirmed by the U.S. Senate on March 13, 2017.
Date: February 11, 2020
Topics: health check
Context: a speech to the American Medical Association
Fact-check justification: Verma said that "health outcomes today on Medicaid are mediocre and many patients have difficulty accessing care." Numerous studies show people’s health improves as a result of Medicaid coverage. This includes lower mortality rates, shorter hospital stays and more people likely to get cancer screenings. While it’s hard to specify what "many patients having difficulty accessing care" means, research does show that Medicaid enrollees generally say they have no trouble accessing care most of the time. We rate the  as .
Statement: Says he "never" donates to Democrats while Paul Workman "contributes to Democrat Kirk Watson and other Democrats running against Republicans.
Speaker: david sewell
About the speaker: David Sewell is a partner at the law firm Stahl, Bernal & Davies, where he specializes in Texas tax litigation.
Date: February 22, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: elections
Context: a campaign flier
Fact-check justification: Republicans were challenging the Workman-backed Democrats in three of the races. But Watson was never running against a Republican when he donated to Watson, as Sewell's  implies. As for Sewell, we found no  that he has contributed to Democrats in his own name. Still, his firm has contributed to Democrats — running against Republicans — throughout Sewell's time there. We rate Sewell's statement as .