chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: There has been no net global warming for over a decade now.
Speaker: cato institute
About the speaker: The Cato Institute is a non-profit public policy research foundation headquartered in Washington, D.C.
Date: April 1, 2009
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change
Context: a political advertisement
Fact-check justification: He cited this conclusion from the paper: "If the role of internal variability in the climate system is as large as this analysis would seem to suggest, warming over the 21st century may well be larger than that predicted by the current generation of models, given the propensity of those models to underestimate climate internal variability." Said Schmidt: "Quoting this paper to support a  that global warming has stopped is like quoting Ronald McDonald in support of vegetarianism." In conclusion, most scientists who study climate say that cherry-picking a 10-year window is inappropriate. But in this case, cherry picking exactly 10 years (Cato said a decade) still doesn't support their . We rate this  .
Statement: Ron Klein "sponsored an amendment that specifically allows price gouging.
Speaker: we love usa pac
About the speaker: We Love USA PAC formed in September 2010 and is critical of President Barack Obama and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi.
Date: September 24, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a website
Fact-check justification: Let's review: the We Love USA PAC had a video on its website that stated "Klein sponsored an amendment that specifically allows price gouging." Klein's amendment was to change the wording from "prohibit" price gouging to "discourage." The PAC interprets "discourage" to mean "specifically allows," which is a stretch. Further, the video suggests to the viewer that the amendment was about gas prices -- but the bill was about homeowners insurance and property damage. We rate this  .
Statement: Since President Obama took office, our federal spending has increased by nearly 30 percent and our national debt has increased by almost 50 percent.
Speaker: jim renacci
About the speaker: Jim Renacci, a Republican, is running against U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown, a Democrat, in 2018. Renacci is the representative from Ohio's 16th Congressional District. He is a businessman and also the former mayor of Wadsworth. He was first elected to Congress in 2010.
Date: April 5, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a campaign email
Fact-check justification: PolitiFact found that Portman’s assertion that federal spending rose 21 percent over the past three years was , because his percentage was accurate, but his statement didn’t reflect that the extra spending was a temporary elevation driven by the economic downturn. Renacci’s statement that the national debt has increased by almost 50 percent on Obama’s watch is accurate, although it fails to account for factors beyond Obama’s control that drove a significant part of the rise. And while federal spending has increased significantly on Obama’s watch, it hasn’t risen by "nearly 30 percent," as Renacci claimed. Nor does Renacci’s statement reflect that plenty of the spending he criticizes is tied to the faltering economy and some was due to decisions made before Obama took office. On the -O-Meter, we rate his  .
Statement: Almost 88,000 United States service members are still missing and unaccounted for, dating back to World War II.
Speaker: jack conners
About the speaker: Former state Assemblyman Jack Conners, a Democrat, served in the Assembly from 1998 to when he retired in August 2011. He currently serves as director of the Office of Veterans Affairs in Camden County.
Date: July 16, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: military
Context: the Times of Trenton
Fact-check justification: Conners said 88,000 service members are still missing since World War II. The number of missing was recently revised to more than 83,000 missing and unaccounted for, according to the U.S. Department of Defense. Conners’ statistic may have been slightly dated, but his point -- that tens of thousands of Americans who served overseas remain unaccounted for -- is . We rate his statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: We are seeing poverty being reduced in south St. Pete at a number larger than the national average, the state average, county or Tampa and Jacksonville.
Speaker: rick kriseman
About the speaker: Rick Kriseman is a state representative representing parts of Pinellas County. He was first elected in 2006.
Date: June 15, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: poverty
Context: during a Q&A with reporters inside City Hall
Fact-check justification: That data has problems.  At face value, 2014 Census data showed a decrease in the poverty rate for the city’s African-American population through 2015. But that ignores critical facts, including the wide margin of error for Census city data that indicates there is no discernible difference between the years Kriseman highlighted. A more comprehensive look at five years of data does not show a strong trend either way. For a statement that contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give the reader a different impression, we rate this  .
Statement: Says legislation supported by gay rights activists would strip "mother" and "father" from future Texas birth certificates.
Speaker: texas values
About the speaker: Established in 2012, Texas Values is an Austin-based advocacy group that says it "speaks up for faith, family, and freedom through public policy, grassroots mobilization, and by standing for the truth in media."
Date: November 19, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: children;legal issues;lgbtq
Context: an interview aired by Austin’s KTBC-TV, Channel 7
Fact-check justification: The leader of Texas Values says a proposed change in law would strip "mother" and "father" from Texas birth certificates. The proposal would eliminate a requirement that adoptive couples seeking a birth certificate list a male father and female mother. But nothing in the proposal explicitly removes mother and father entries on certificates and it seems reasonable to us that any needed tweaks could be made without Moms and Dads vanishing from them. Then again, the state agency spokeswoman was uncertain about the proposal's effect, which sways us to say that Saenz's  has an element of . We rate it .
Statement: The economic impact of Atlanta's 2000 Super Bowl was $292 million.
Speaker: atlanta sports council
About the speaker: The Atlanta Sports Council helps support and recruit sports events.
Date: October 1, 2000
Location: georgia
Topics: economy
Context: a study
Fact-check justification: It was used without specifying that it measures the impact statewide, not for the metro area. And now it's no longer accurate. The  impact is likely $150 million. It might have been an OK figure to use in the early 2000s. But it's been revised downward, which means it's now .
Statement: The Arizona State Board of Education's "failure to report teachers whose certifications have been revoked or suspended ... resulted in the death of a student.
Speaker: diane douglas
About the speaker: Diane Douglas is the Arizona Department of Education's State Superintendent of Public Instruction. 
Date: February 4, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: education
Context: remarks made during a state Senate Education Committee meeting
Fact-check justification: Douglas said, "We presented a report to the board on (teacher discipline) that showed their abject failure to report teachers whose certifications have been revoked or suspended to the national database," she said. "And in one instance, because of that failure to report, it resulted in the death of a student." Let’s be clear: There is not a straight line between the actions of the Board of Education and the death of a student. But the actions -- or, really, lack of action -- by the Board of Education prevented a school district from seeing red flags that might have prevented Hofmann’s hiring. Without those flags, Hofmann was rehired. And that’s how a student ended up in a position that ultimately resulted in his death. Douglas’  is accurate but requires that fuller description of events. So we rate it .
Statement: Says Joe Biden "abandoned Scranton.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 20, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections;pennsylvania
Context: a rally
Fact-check justification: Trump claimed Biden "abandoned Scranton." Biden’s family moved from Scranton to Wilmington when he was 10, but he has remained deeply connected to his birthplace for more than six decades. He has returned for commencement speeches and little league games. He’s come back for fundraisers and after floods. He went home to eulogize his childhood best friend and to comfort a mentor’s family as the man lay dying. And while one sector, which was already on the decline, struggled in the wake of policies Biden supported, a leading local economist notes that other sectors have thrived. Trump’s version of what happened after Biden moved away is not accurate and makes a  . We rate it .
Statement: One in four inmates is an illegal immigrant.
Speaker: lisa boothe
About the speaker: Lisa Boothe is a conservative strategist and commentator, frequently appearing on Fox News Channel, Fox Business Network and CNN.
Date: July 26, 2016
Topics: immigration;punditfact
Context: an interview on Fox
Fact-check justification: Republican strategist Lisa Boothe said on Fox News’ The O’Reilly Factor "one in four inmates is an illegal immigrant." The data Boothe cited included immigrants who were here legally and illegally. So it’s likely that number is at least somewhat inflated. Federal agencies say they don’t track data on inmates in the country illegally, and several immigration experts told us there’s no definitive source for that specific number. We rate Boothe’s statement .
Statement: Says Alison Lundergan Grimes "supports Obamacare, which cuts $700 billion from seniors' Medicare.
Speaker: mitch mcconnell
About the speaker: Mitch McConnell is a U.S. Senator from Kentucky and the Republican minority leader in the U.S. Senate.
Date: July 9, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: An ad out of the McConnell campaign said, "Grimes supports Obamacare, which cuts $700 billion from seniors’ Medicare." Grimes has been cautiously supportive of the Affordable Care Act, and she certainly does not oppose it as strongly as McConnell does. The law is projected to reduce spending on Medicare by about $700 billion over 10 years, but those reductions in spending are more of a slowed growth rate rather than a budget cut. We rate this  .
Statement: We have been in Afghanistan longer now than we have been in any foreign land conducting a war in our nation's history.
Speaker: robert gibbs
About the speaker: Robert Gibbs served as White House press secretary for President Barack Obama. He now is a Democratic consultant.
Date: January 12, 2014
Topics: afghanistan;punditfact
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Gibbs said, "We have been in Afghanistan longer now than we have been in any foreign land conducting a war in our nation’s history." People can make different interpretations as to what constitutes a war. We take no issue with Gibbs’ interpretation but acknowledge that people might see the Banana Wars as the longest U.S. conflict on foreign soil. Gibbs is accurate, but his statement requires some additional context. We rate his  .
Statement: Democrats failed to flip the Wisconsin state Senate because recall elections were in the "deepest red districts in the state.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: August 10, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: There’s an element of  here, in that four of the GOP recall districts were in the top third of GOP performance in the presidential contest and governor’s race. But upon closer inspection there is an elite tier of districts that seem a much better fit for the title "deepest red. "   And one of the GOP-held recall seats is really closer to a toss-up district. We rate her statement .
Statement: Says Sidney Blumenthal wrote that the Benghazi attack was "almost certainly preventable. Clinton was in charge of the State Department, and it failed to protect U.S. personnel and an American consulate in Libya.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 10, 2016
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;terrorism
Context: Wilkes-Barre, Pa
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Blumenthal wrote that the Benghazi attack "was almost certainly preventable. Clinton was in charge of the State Department, and it failed to protect U.S. personnel and an American consulate in Libya." But Blumenthal didn’t write those words; Eichenwald did. We rate the statement .
Statement: Ashley Moody was a lifelong Democrat." ​
Speaker: frank white
About the speaker: Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives and candidate for Florida Attorney General
Date: August 6, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: voting record
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: White claimed Moody "was a lifelong Democrat." Voter registration records show Moody did register as a Democrat in 1993, when she was 18. But she switched her party affiliation in 1998 to Republican, and has remained registered as a Republican ever since then.   We rate this  .
Statement: Taxpayers are paying a fortune for the use of Air Force One on the campaign trail" by President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: July 5, 2016
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;elections;history;government regulation;transparency;taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Taxpayers are paying a fortune for the use of Air Force One on the campaign trail" by Obama and Clinton. How people define a fortune is somewhat subjective, and details about how the costs of using the presidential plane are determined are secret.  But based on the information available, it's clear that the campaign is only going to be picking up a small fraction of the $200,000-plus hourly costs of using the plane, with taxpayers footing the bill for the rest. Because Trump's statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, we rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/aa60cf08-a414-40d2-b91a-70999d4188a2
Statement: Georgia Secretary of State Brian Kemp is a "career politician.
Speaker: doug macginnitie
About the speaker: Doug MacGinnitie is a Republican candidate for Georgia Secretary of State.
Date: June 6, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: public service
Context: a campaign flier
Fact-check justification: Perdue, a former state senator, has spent 19 years as an elected official. Lt. Gov. Casey Cagle, a former state senator, is finishing his 16th year as an elected official. Then there is Agriculture Commissioner Tommy Irvin, who's been in office since 1969. Kemp is building a political resume, but two terms in the Legislature, a failed bid for Irvin's job and this campaign don't add up at this point. We rate Doug MacGinnitie's  as .
Statement: The size of our federal government has more than doubled since the year 2000.
Speaker: scott bruun
About the speaker: Scott Bruun is an Oregon state representative running for the 5th Congressional District seat.
See his profile in The Oregonian's Your Government page.
Date: September 17, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: federal budget
Context: a statement on his website
Fact-check justification: The total federal personnel, which includes the military, has grown from 4.1 million in 2000 to 4.4 million in 2009. So that, too, is not close to double. So it’s quite a stretch for Bruun to make that . When you adjust the number for inflation, measure it as a percentage of GDP and check the size of the federal workforce, it is far short of double. We find his  .   Comment on this item.
Statement: Before the coronavirus pandemic, the United States had "the greatest economy in the history of our country.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: September 29, 2020
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: the first presidential debate
Fact-check justification: Trump said that before the coronavirus pandemic, the United States had "the greatest economy in the history of our country." Economists pointed to multiple data points that undermine this assertion. While unemployment was near historical lows under Trump, growth in gross domestic product was well below what previous presidents achieved, and other metrics such as wages and business investment ranged from decent to mediocre. We rate the statement .
Statement: Laurie Monnes Anderson "voted to let violent criminals out of jail early.
Speaker: oregon senate republicans (the leadership fund) 
About the speaker: The Leadership Fund is the campaign arm of Oregon Senate Republicans.
Date: October 12, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: criminal justice;crime;voting record
Context: a campaign mailer
Fact-check justification: Monnes Anderson and other Democrats voted for legislation that offered early release to inmates, some of whom had committed "violent" crimes against another person. Senate Republicans’ statement about Monnes Anderson is accurate, but it needs additional information and clarification. In this case, the legislators realized the error and fixed it. The law also applied to inmates already eligible to get out early. We rule the statement .
Statement: In Arizona, "there are only one and a half (Border Patrol) agents per every 10 square miles.
Speaker: kelly terry-willis
About the speaker: Kelly Terry-Willis is the sister of Border Patrol agent Brian Terry, who was killed in a shootout with a Mexican drug cartel near the U.S.-Mexico border in December 2010. 
Date: July 18, 2016
Location: arizona
Topics: immigration
Context: a Republican National Convention video
Fact-check justification: Terry-Willis said, in Arizona,"there are only one and a half (Border Patrol) agents per every 10 square miles." Based on our calculations, she actually overestimates the number of Border Patrol agents compared to square miles. But that’s still  -- and leaves out important context. Most Border Patrol agents survey areas closer to the Arizona-Mexico border, not the rest of the state. The number of agents per linear mile is much higher. We rate the statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/09e06b8f-2783-494a-bf52-bfb4f264e462
Statement: Video claims Moscow turned into "sea of fire after being attacked by two mysterious missiles.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 28, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a Facebook video post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook video shared images claiming to be from a missile strike on Moscow, implying Ukraine launched the attack against the Russian capital. There appears to be no basis to the  as there has been no reporting or corroborating  that missiles were launched at the city. The video misrepresented footage from a separate incident several years ago as being from the attack and falsely claimed a fire at a Russian facility was part of a Ukrainian military strike.   We rate this  !
Statement: Milwaukee's police chief can fire officers "for basically no cause.
Speaker: robin vos
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Rep. Robin Vos, R-Rochester, has represented western Racine County in the state Assembly since 2004. In November 2012, he was elected Assembly speaker. Vos previously served on the Racine County Board of Supervisors, from 1994 to 2004.
Date: June 2, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city government;state budget
Context: a statement at a committee meeting
Fact-check justification: Tobin said the amendment would allow the officers to collect at least an additional two months of pay and benefits, because the commission must wait 60 days before scheduling an appeals hearing. Those charged with more serious offenses would not receive pay. So what’s our verdict? Vos argued state law must be changed because the Milwaukee chief can fire officers for no cause. That’s  … even Vos acknowledged it.
Statement: More Americans believe the moon landing was fake than believe Obamacare is affordable.
Speaker: tom graves
About the speaker: Tom Graves represents Georgia's 9th Congressional District.
Date: December 19, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: health care
Context: a Tweet
Fact-check justification: The numbers are close, though, and within the margin of error. The poll also clearly shows a lot of people think Obamacare will make health insurance more expensive, and a relatively few think that costs will come down. Graves has a point here. But it needs a lot of context to be properly understood.    We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Lloyd Doggett voted for the health care, stimulus and cap-and-trade bills.
Speaker: donna campbell
About the speaker: Donna Campbell, a New Braunfels physician, won election to represent Texas Senate District 25 in November 2012. In 2010, she was the Republican nominee for the U.S. House seat held by Democrat Lloyd Doggett of Austin.
Date: October 19, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: cap and trade;climate change;economy;health care;message machine 2010
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: That panel never was named; the House-approved bill stalled in the Senate. Our vote? The ad's imagery might be objectionable (at least to Doggett). He still gave his 'aye' for all the legislation cited by Campbell. We rate her statement .
Statement: Jamie Foxx is on Life Support in ICU at this hour … Family is preparing for the worst.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 11, 2023
Location: national
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Facebook wasn’t the only platform on which the claims circulated. On Twitter, media organizations including the Daily Loud and RapTV came under fire for spreading the  — social media users noted that the outlets did not have credible sources for their reports and criticized their leadership . The Daily Loud later apologized in a follow-up tweet to Jamie Foxx, his family and Twitter followers for "the misinformation." RapTV posted an update stating that Foxx was out of the hospital, sharing Corinne Foxx’s update.   We rate the  that Jamie Foxx is on life support .