chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Kamala Harris oversaw a police department that was "abusing people's rights" and that she did not "disclose to defense attorneys" when there was exculpatory evidence: "She didn't do that. She never did it. And so, what happened? Along came a federal judge and said enough, enough, and he freed 1,000 of these people.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: July 31, 2019
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice;debates
Context: a Democratic presidential primary debate
Fact-check justification: Biden said Harris oversaw a police department that was "abusing people’s rights" and did not "disclose to defense attorneys" when there was exculpatory : "She didn't do that. She never did it. And so, what happened? Along came a federal judge and said enough, enough, and he freed 1,000 of these people." According to the Wall Street Journal, Harris rejected staff recommendations urging her to adopt a "Brady policy" in 2005, and that lack of action backfired in 2010 when a scandal broke out and roughly 1,000 drug cases had to be dropped or dismissed. Harris later added such a policy. Overall, Biden’s statement is largely accurate but needs a few clarifications, including that there were 1,000 cases dismissed or dropped, not 1,000 prisoners freed.  We rate this statement .
Statement: I see no time in the history of this country when perfectly healthy people have been basically confined to their homes or only able to do essential things as in Kansas City or St. Louis.
Speaker: cindy o’laughlin
About the speaker: Cindy O’Laughlin is a Republican member of the Missouri state Senate.
Date: March 22, 2020
Location: missouri
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: O’Laughlin said in a Facebook post: "I see no time in the history of this country when perfectly healthy people have been basically confined to their homes or only able to do essential things as in Kansas City or St. Louis." Many cities during the Spanish flu outbreak enacted similar restrictions. And in Missouri, based on St. Louis’ efforts to combat the 1918 flu pandemic, we can safely say that this "time in history" did occur. People were restricted on what they could do. Public gatherings were prohibited. Closed or canceled non-essential businesses, in-person churches and sports events also occurred then and now. We rate O’Laughlin’s statement .
Statement: Obama creates new tax on Christmas trees, fees get passed on to consumers.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: November 9, 2011
Location: oregon
Topics: agriculture;taxes
Context: tweet and blogs
Fact-check justification: Sources appear split on whether this truly is a tax and whether the cost would be passed along to consumers. As for the  that Obama created this new tax, that suggests that he came up with the program -- when it’s clear the idea preceded his presidency and originated with the industry. Those are pretty big facts to ignore. So we rate the  : The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Return to OregonLive to comment on this ruling.
Statement: Says George Norcross said the "TAKEOVER OF RUTGER$ CAMDEN WILL COST NEW JER$EY BILLION$.
Speaker: r2rmerge
About the speaker: R2RMerge is a student movement from Rutgers University-Camden. The group opposes the planned merger of Rutgers-Camden with Rowan University.
Date: April 15, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: education
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: A flier distributed by the student group R2RMerge claims Norcross said during a February radio interview that the takeover of Rutgers-Camden will cost New Jersey billions. A cost estimate for the merger has not been stated publicly. During the interview Norcross said efforts to restructure higher education in New Jersey and boost the state’s national ranking for investment in higher education is "going to involve the voters of this state approving multibillion-dollar bond issues and southern New Jersey, undoubtedly, would receive its fair share of capital dollars, which historically it has not." Norcross’s comments referred to overall restructuring and investment in higher education, not folding Rutgers-Camden into Rowan University. We rate the  . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: New Mexico was 46th in teacher pay (when he was elected), now we're 29th.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: May 10, 2007
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Richardson led a successful effort to raise teacher pay, but we cannot give him a fully truthful ruling because he neglects to mention that he is mixing rankings from two sources. The ranking of 46th is from the 2002-03 National Education Association survey of teacher pay. The newest NEA ranking, with 2004-05 statistics, only shows New Mexico has climbed to 40th.
 The New Mexico chapter of the NEA did its own estimate and concluded that the state now ranks 29th in teacher pay, but the local NEA chapter is run by Charles Bowyer, who identifies himself as a longtime Richardson supporter.
Statement: I have now put out all of my emails.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: April 3, 2016
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;transparency
Context: comments on Meet the Press
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "I have now put out all of my emails." In reality, only about half of the emails sent or received by Clinton on her private email server have been released. Clinton’s comments focus on emails that she and her staff deemed work-related. Clinton says the half that aren’t available are personal and private. The problem is, it was Clinton and her staff who made that determination. Those emails -- more than 30,000 -- haven’t been available for public review, and it’s not entirely clear they can be retrieved. Clinton’s statement is partially accurate but takes things out of context. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f53c15fc-28b4-4025-8158-433cdc006cc4
Statement: Take-home pay for workers is going up.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: January 12, 2023
Topics: economy;jobs;workers
Context: remarks at the White House
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "Take-home pay for workers is going up." The data shows that wages have outpaced inflation for the past two quarters. However, that increase is only beginning to compensate for the wages that were eaten away by inflation earlier in Biden’s presidency. During Biden’s two years in office, cumulative wage gains have been exceeded by cumulative inflation. We rate the statement .
Statement: The American people spoke pretty loudly. They said stop all the looming tax hikes....
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: December 1, 2010
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: comments to reporters
Fact-check justification: The wording in the polls seems like a perfectly accurate reflection of those options. So we find that Boehner is  to  the public supports his position. The polls show that while many Americans oppose an across-the-board expiration of the Bush tax cuts, it is not accurate to say the public spoke "pretty loudly" that Congress should "stop all the looming tax hikes." A plurality of the "American people" actually support what amounts to a tax hike for the wealthiest Americans. So we rate Boehner's comment .
Statement: Because of violence spreading from Mexico, "you've got bullets hitting the city hall in El Paso. You've got bombs exploding in El Paso.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: July 28, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;drugs;homeland security;crime
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: "American citizens are advised avoid the area around the Consulate General until it reopens." In March, a consulate employee and her husband were gunned down as they drove in their car about a block from the U.S.-Mexican border bridge on a major Juarez thoroughfare. All in all, Perry’s correct that bullets coming from across the border hit El Paso’s seat of city government. No bombs have exploded in El Paso, however, though one went off in Juarez. We rate Perry’s statement .
Statement: Any government-run 'public' plan ... forces more employers to drop employee coverage due to rising costs and pay an additional 8% payroll tax for each worker.
Speaker: ginny brown-waite
About the speaker: Ginny Brown-Waite is a former Republican congresswoman from Brooksville in Florida’s 5th Congressional District. She halted her re-election campaign in April 2010 citing health reasons.
Date: August 24, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a mailing
Fact-check justification: Members of Congress get to mail their constituents without paying postage, a perk known as "franking," and Brown-Waite's mailer clearly states it was "prepared, published and mailed at taxpayer expense." We find Brown-Waite's mailer does not accurately describe the bill. She incorrectly describes the overall plan as a "government-run 'public' plan." She is right that there is an 8 percent tax, but she mischaracterizes it as a tax on all businesses, when it is a tax on employers who do not offer health insurance. We rate her statement .
Statement: White people are so 1960's. Sometimes the only thing that keeps me going is the fact that they will be blended out by the time I am 30. Imagine a world without white people. —Malia Obama's midterm speech exam
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 18, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: Then, the  merited a rating of . Six months later, with the quote recirculating, the only place where we find any trace of this statement attributed to Obama continues to be on a website run by a noted purveyor of fabricated news stories : a website formerly known as AmericasLastLineofDefense.org that now appears to be housed at dailyworldupdate.us. The website states on its " About " page that, "Everything on this website is fiction." Also embedded in the original April story is the same picture and  quote that is being circulated again on Facebook and fact-checked here. We rate this post !
Statement: Says Travis County's unemployment rate is below the national average while its poverty rate exceeds the national average--and local poverty is rising.
Speaker: sarah eckhardt
About the speaker: Sarah Eckhardt, a lawyer, is a former assistant county attorney. She initially won election to the Travis County Commissioners Court in 2006 and in 2014 won election as the Travis County judge.
Date: February 18, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;jobs;poverty
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: Eckhardt said the county’s unemployment rate is below the national average, yet its poverty rate exceeds the national average--and local poverty is rising. The local jobless rate has consistently trailed the national rate and the county’s poverty rate has exceeded the national rate since 2003. The county’s poverty rate dipped from 2010 to 2011, though that dip was not statistically significant. Also, the 2011 rate of 18.1 percent was nearly double the rate in 2000, so it looks like poverty has risen over the years. Then again, Eckhardt's statement does not acknowledge that the county rate has oscillated year to year, sometimes going down. It's not been a steady rise. We rate her  as .
Statement: Ronald Reagan was a verified Democrat until his mid-50s.
Speaker: kevin nicholson
About the speaker: Republican Kevin Nicholson, a former Marine, announced in July 2017 that he would run in 2018 for the seat held by U.S. Sen. Tammy Baldwin, D-Wis. He is a business consultant who lives in Delafield, Wis.
Date: August 6, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography;history
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Nicholson said "Reagan was a verified Democrat until his mid-50s." The 40th president’s past an entertainer, labor union leader and politician is known to historians as well as many Americans of the baby boomer generation. His transition from Democrat to Republican is also well documented, with the formal party switch coming at age 51. (Though experts note he was becoming conservative before that point.) We rate Nicholson’s  .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton "sent a memo" to all State Department staff that said "you should not do State Department business on personal email.
Speaker: joe scarborough
About the speaker: Joe Scarborough, a former Republican congressman from Florida, is the host of "Morning Joe" on MSNBC. He is a lawyer with Beggs and Lane, the oldest firm in Florida and a former publisher and editor of "The Florida Sun," a newspaper.
Date: March 9, 2015
Topics: ethics;transparency;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of MSNBC's "Morning Joe"
Fact-check justification: Scarborough said that Clinton sent a memo to State Department staff that said they should not use personal email accounts for department business. Scarborough pushed a bit too far on two points. Clinton had no direct role in sending the memo, even though it went out under her name. And while the memo encouraged staffers to avoid using personal email accounts, it fell short of prohibiting their use. These points diminish the accuracy of Scarborough’s statement, but not critically. We rate the  . Update: We’ve added some additional context provided by Clinton at her March 10, 2015, U.N. press conference.
Statement: Kyle Rittenhouse was an "armed person" crossing state lines when he came to Kenosha protests in 2020.
Speaker: jerrold nadler
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Jerrold "Jerry" Nadler represents New York's 10th Congressional District. The district includes The district includes Manhattan’s Upper West Side, Morningside Heights, Hell’s Kitchen, Chelsea, Greenwich Village, Soho and Wall Street, as well as the Brooklyn neighborhoods of Borough Park and Kensington. Nadler is a Democrat.
Date: November 19, 2021
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;states;guns;wisconsin
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Like many others, Nadler said in a tweet following Rittenhouse’s acquittal that the teen had traveled across state lines with a firearm.  But Rittenhouse never had his gun in Illinois, according to testimony in the trial. It was purchased in Wisconsin by Black and stored in Black’s home in a gun safe.  We rate this  .
Statement: Says "the governor took away a billion dollars of rebates, so in real dollars, our property taxes have gone up 20 percent.
Speaker: john mckeon
About the speaker:  John McKeon is a Democratic state assemblyman representing parts of Essex and Morris counties. An assemblyman since 2002, McKeon previously served as councilman and mayor in West Orange, Essex County.
Date: March 4, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: state budget;taxes
Context: an interview on My9 News' “New Jersey Now”
Fact-check justification: In a TV interview, McKeon claimed "the governor took away a billion dollars of rebates, so in real dollars, our property taxes have gone up 20 percent." But Christie cut about $660 million in Homestead rebates. Following the reduction in rebates, the average net property tax bill went up by about 20 percent between 2009 and 2011, according to data from the state Department of Community Affairs. A DCA spokeswoman claimed the tax hike is , because Homestead rebates were not used in previous years to directly lower property tax bills. Still, no matter how the rebates were distributed, their purpose always has been property tax relief. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Elena Kagan is "a New York City radical, Marxist lawyer through and through.
Speaker: michael savage
About the speaker: Michael Savage is a conservative radio commentator, and host of "The Michael Savage Show," which is syndicated in over 300 U.S. markets. He is also the author of 25 books, including four New York Times bestsellers.
Date: May 10, 2010
Location: national
Topics: kagan nomination;pundits;supreme court
Context: his website
Fact-check justification: And there's certainly nothing in the public record to suggest she has since become one. Writing a history thesis about socialism doesn't amount to endorsing it. So once again, we have a political commentator attacking someone as a "Marxist" with absolutely no  to back it up. That's not just , it's irresponsibly so. !
Statement: American oil production is at its highest level since 2003.
Speaker: jim moran
About the speaker: Rep. Jim Moran, D-8th, was first elected in 1990 to represent a district covering Falls Church, Alexandria, Arlington County and part of Fairfax County.
He serves on the Appropriations Committee and is the ranking member on the Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, as well as serving on the Defense Subcommittee.
Moran previously served as the mayor of Alexandria from 1985 to 1990.
Moran was born in Buffalo, N.Y. He graduated from College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Mass., in 1967, and received a master of public administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1970.
Date: May 5, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: energy
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The government projects a decline could be imminent. But at this point, there is no solid  that the decline has begun. When PolitiFact national evaluated this issue in March, the EIA was projecting a sizable production decline this year. They have since significantly lowered their projections on how much production will fall. We rate Moran’s statement .
Statement: Says Al Jazeera tweeted, "#BreakingNews Taliban started abducting minor girls from their home. The parents who are refusing to give their daughters to Taliban are being killed by Taliban fighters.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 18, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Associated Press photographer Rahmat Gul took the photo in 2016. The Wall Street Journal reported on Aug. 12 that some Afghans say that "Taliban commanders have demanded that communities turn over unmarried women to become ‘wives’ for their fighters." Al Jazeera has also previously reported on Taliban fighters forcing girls to marry .   But this tweet is not authentic.   We rate it .
Statement: Bump stocks are already illegal in the state of New York. You can't buy one.
Speaker: andrew cuomo
About the speaker: Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, was elected to his first term as governor of New York in 2010.
Date: November 6, 2017
Location: new york
Topics: corrections and updates;guns
Context: a conference call
Fact-check justification: Cuomo said "bump stocks are already illegal in the state of New York. You can't buy one." That’s not . It’s illegal to use a bump stock in New York state but you can buy and own one. We rate his  .
Statement: Most U.S. foreign assistance ... is given to U.S. companies and nonprofits in the form of contracts and grants.
Speaker: raj shah
About the speaker: Raj Shah is the president of the Rockefeller Foundation and former USAID administrator.
Date: February 24, 2017
Topics: global news service;federal budget;foreign policy
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: Former USAID administrator Shah said that most U.S. foreign assistance goes to private companies and nonprofits in the form of contracts and grants. According to the Congressional Budget Office, USAID, the government’s largest agency for non-military aid, spends about 4 percent of its funds on direct aid to foreign governments. A trade publication reported that 70 percent of the agency’s money ran through U.S.-based organizations. The use of contracts and grants has grown over the past three decades. An independent aid analyst said the general pattern at USAID applies across the other government offices that oversee foreign assistance. We rate this  .
Statement: The Austin Independent School District board voted to mandate "a pornographic sex education policy that includes instruction on anal sex and how to place a condom on an erect penis.
Speaker: todd starnes
About the speaker: Todd Starnes is a conservative columnist and radio show host.
Date: October 29, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: education;sexuality
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Starnes said that the Austin school board voted to mandate "a pornographic sex education policy that includes instruction on anal sex and how to place a condom on an erect penis." First of all, parents are allowed to decide whether their children can participate in any sex education instruction offered in the school district. In other words: it is not mandatory. Also, none of the materials included in the curriculum meet the definition of pornography. The lesson plans include information about how to use a condom correctly, but they do not include detailed information or instruction about anal sex. We rate this  .