chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "voted for regime change with respect to Libya.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: December 19, 2015
Location: national
Topics: debates;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: New Hampshire
Fact-check justification: Clinton said Sanders "voted for regime change with respect to Libya."  The reality is a bit more complicated than the sound bite. Sanders supported a non-binding Senate resolution that called on Gaddafi to resign his post in a peaceful, democratic transition of power. While the Senate passed the resolution by unanimous consent -- meaning no one actually voted on it -- Sanders was one of 10 cosponsors. At the time, Sanders told the media he wanted Gaddafi out of power, but it might not be worth it if it required sustained U.S. military involvement. We rate Clinton's statement .
Statement: Greenlight Pinellas "won't take existing lanes from other vehicles.
Speaker: friends of greenlight
About the speaker: Friends of Greenlight is a pro-transit political action committee dedicated to promoting the Greenlight Pinellas mass transit initiative. Their slogan is "Vote Yes on Greenlight."
Date: April 16, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: transportation
Context: an email to voters
Fact-check justification: Friends of Greenlight says in its promotional email that implementing bus rapid transit  "won’t take existing lanes from other vehicles." Already the statement needs to be qualified, because two thoroughfares in St. Petersburg will be losing lanes if a 1-cent tax increase passes. And while PSTA and Greenlight advocates say bus lanes would be taken from shoulders and medians, there’s really no way to know how roads will be altered. Pinellas residents will have to vote for the proposal in November before a study can be done to work out those details. We can say that there are no plans currently to remove the center turning lane from 4th Street North, and an artist's rendering showing that outcome was actually intended to show what a new bus stop might look like. So there’s no intention to take away traffic lanes beyond the two Greenlight Pinellas mentions, but there’s also no possible way to guarantee it won’t happen. The plan will be implemented with the input of many local municipalities and the state, which means any number of outcomes are possible. We rate the statement .
Statement: Lumber prices can be tied to the (Trump) administration's actions.
Speaker: alma adams
About the speaker: Alma Adams is a Democrat who represents the 12th Congressional District of North Carolina.
Date: July 14, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: economy
Context: a committee meeting
Fact-check justification: Adams, referencing Trump’s time as president, said "lumber prices can be tied to the previous administration’s actions." She later tweeted an assertion that Trump’s tariffs were a cause. Trump increased the tariff on Canadian lumber in 2017 and prices rose in the following year. However, prices skyrocketed even higher in the last year as a result of pandemic-era market changes. Economists say that’s largely the result of unforeseen issues of supply and demand. While Trump’s tariffs contributed to the record-high lumber prices, economists say it’s  to blame them entirely. Adams’ statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Annexation would lead to overcrowding at Decatur's city schools.
Speaker: internet commenters
About the speaker: People who post comments on stories published on the Internet
Date: September 10, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: comments on various local blogs
Fact-check justification: If DeKalb County voters decide to create two new cities in the November election, it could have ripple effects on how existing cities in the county grow. Decatur’s annexation plans had previously called for more land, but not necessarily more residents, for its school system. Some leaders and residents alike continue to repeat that annexation will crowd the small city’s well-regarded school system. Adding people to the city would, no doubt, translate into more students. But any claims that annexation would crowd the schools ignore the already burgeoning classrooms. The schools are already overcrowded. Decatur school enrollment has exploded by more than 100 percent in the past decade, all without any major annexations. We rate the  that annexation would crowd the schools as .
Statement: All of Liberia can produce less than one-third as much electricity as the Dallas Cowboys football stadium consumes at peak times.
Speaker: nicholas kristof
About the speaker: Nicholas Kristof is a columnist for the New York Times who frequently writes about international development issues.
Date: October 22, 2014
Topics: ebola;energy;public health;punditfact
Context: the "New York Times"
Fact-check justification: Kristof said that Liberia can produce one-third as much electricity as the Cowboys stadium draws at its peak. U.S. government data shows that Liberia has nearly 200 megawatts of installed electricity capacity. The utility that worked on the stadium’s electrical system said the facility used more power than most medium-sized cities. Using that benchmark, a utility expert from one the country’s leading engineering schools concluded that peak demand at the stadium would fall in the range of 750 megawatts. That would mean that Liberia can produce less than one-third as much electricity as the Dallas football stadium consumes at peak times. Exact figures are not available, but the basic comparison works. We rate the statement .
Statement: News networks covered Brett Kavanaugh's confirmation hearing live but not Ketanji Brown Jackson's hearing.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 22, 2022
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It was not scheduled or anticipated until revelations of the sexual misconduct allegations against Kavanaugh, and it dealt wholly with those allegations as opposed to the questions of jurisprudence that came up during the original hearing dates.   Senators confirmed Kavanaugh’s Supreme Court nomination on Oct. 6, 2018. The Senate Judiciary Committee is expected to vote on Jackson's nomination on April 4 ; that’s followed by a vote from the full Senate.   We didn’t find  that coverage of Jackson’s hearing is wildly out of step with coverage of the usual days of Kavanaugh’s hearing, and it’s not  that no news networks are covering her hearing live.   We rate this post .
Statement: Latinos now make up the majority population in Texas.
Speaker: roberto alonzo
About the speaker: Roberto Alonzo of Dallas was initially elected to the Texas House in 1992. He lost his re-election in 1996, but returned to the House after winning afresh in 2004.
Date: July 16, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: education;legal issues;population;states
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Alonzo said Latinos comprise the majority of Texas residents. That’s . Individuals who identify as Latino are close to surpassing the share of Texans solely identified as white, but no single ethnic group makes up the majority of Texas residents. We rate this since-corrected  as .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Says David Vitter "answered a prostitute's call minutes after he skipped a vote honoring 28 soldiers who gave their lives in defense of our freedom.
Speaker: john bel edwards
About the speaker: John Bel Edwards is governor of Louisiana.
Date: November 11, 2015
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;military;sexuality
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Edwards’ ad says Vitter took a call from a prostitute minutes after skipping the vote. The only thing we don’t know is if Vitter answered his phone. Even if he didn’t, he has still been connected to the D.C. Madam. "The Choice" doesn’t quite close the deal in suggesting that Vitter missed the vote because of his dealings with a prostitute, which is what it suggests when it says he "chose prostitutes over patriots." But the key parts of the statement in question — that Vitter "answered a prostitute’s call minutes after he skipped a vote" — are accurate. We rate this statement . This story was published in collaboration with The Lens , a nonprofit, public-interest newsroom that covers the New Orleans area. Donate now to support The Lens.  The Lens will be covering live results of the Nov. 21 election.
Statement: Over 75% of (North Carolina) supports medical marijuana.
Speaker: wiley nickel
About the speaker: Wiley Nickel is a Democrat elected in 2018 to represent Wake County in NC Senate District 16.
Date: June 30, 2021
Location: north carolina
Topics: marijuana
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Wiley Nickel said "over 75% of the state supports medical marijuana." Nickel is rounding up. Support for medical marijuana surpassed 75% in only one of the four polls we found dating back to 2015. That said, each of the four polls show support for medicinal marijuana around 70% or higher. So he’s not far off. His statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: They just exposed Mark Zuckerberg as a CIA agent.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 23, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat  news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) This  may stem from that same satirical Onion video which is newly spreading on social media via TikTok.   Real news outlets, such as NBC News and CBS News , have previously reported on how the CIA and the FBI use Facebook, but there’s no  to support the  that Zuckerberg was exposed as a CIA agent.   We rate that  .
Statement: Florida's school marshal program passed by the Florida House is the "first-of-its kind.
Speaker: richard corcoran
About the speaker: Richard Corcoran is Florida's appointed education commissioner. He was elected to the state House in 2010 and served as House Speaker 2016-2018.
Date: February 27, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: guns
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Corcoran said the marshal program to arm teachers is the "first of its kind." Texas established a very similar program in 2013. South Dakota also has a similar program, just under a different name. Both Texas’ law and Florida’s house proposal have the same goal, which is to provide training to teachers and school employees to carry guns on school campuses.  The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: The average faculty member at UW-Madison brings in close to a quarter million dollars a year" in grant money.
Speaker: peter barca
About the speaker:  
Peter Barca, a Kenosha native and Democrat, has served two stints in the state Assembly. He was first elected in 1984 before resigning after winning a U.S. House seat in 1993. He served one term in Congress, losing re-election to Mark Neumann. Barca served in various governmental and private-sector posts before winning election to the Assembly in 2008. He was elected Minority Leader of the Assembly Democrats in 2011.
 
Date: March 12, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a televised interview
Fact-check justification: There are other factors that can help judge research prominence , such as journal articles published, endowment assets, faculty awards, and so on. Our rating Barca said, "The average faculty member at UW-Madison brings in close to a quarter million dollars a year." He referred to research grants won. UW-Madison figures back up the , but there’s one point of clarification, in that not all faculty get grants. We rate Barca’s statement .
Statement: The Climatic Research Unit e-mails show that the science behind climate change "has been pretty well debunked.
Speaker: james inhofe
About the speaker: James Inhofe is a U.S. Senator representing Oklahoma. He was elected to the Senate in 1994. Prior to that, he was a Congressman from 1987 to 1994. He is the senior Republican member of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee.
Date: December 7, 2009
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change
Context: CNN's 'The Situation Room'
Fact-check justification: "The warming trend that is apparent in all of the independent methods of calculating global temperature change is also confirmed by other independent observations, such as the melting of mountain glaciers on every continent, reductions in the extent of snow cover, earlier blooming of plants in spring, a shorter ice season on lakes and rivers, ocean heat content, reduced arctic sea ice, and rising sea levels." In short, temperatures are rising. So, to say that the CRU e-mails debunk the science supporting climate change leaves out the important point that CRU isn't the only organization looking at the issue. Indeed, there are reams of data that show temperatures are increasing and that greater concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are largely to blame. On this one, Inhofe is .
Statement: Says Bill Nelson voted "98 percent of the time" with Barack Obama.
Speaker: connie mack
About the speaker: Connie Mack was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 2004. Mack, of Fort Myers, lost a U.S. Senate race to Sen. Bill Nelson in 2012. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2003.
Date: October 17, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: voting record
Context: a U.S. Senate debate
Fact-check justification: Mack claims Nelson votes with Obama 98 percent of the time. The campaign backs that figure up with Congressional Quarterly data from 2010 and 2011. The figure by itself, however, doesn’t tell the entire story. The fact is, most Democrats and Republicans largely vote with their respective party. And the groups that keep score say using the figure in isolation can be . With that context in mind, we rate the  .
Statement: Debt has almost doubled in Austin under Gov. Perry.
Speaker: bill white
About the speaker: Bill White, an author, is a San Antonio native who was mayor of Houston from 2004-2009. He was the 2010 Democratic nominee for governor of Texas.
Date: March 4, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: economy
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: In 2007, voters also passed a constitutional amendment to create and fund the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas with $3 billion in bonds over 10 years, starting in January 2010. Perry had championed the cause with cyclist and cancer survivor Lance Armstrong and others. Where does that leave us? It's clear the amount of state debt has more than doubled since Perry became governor. We rate White's statement as .
Statement: Joe Exotic tests positive for coronavirus in prison. It's been confirmed.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 3, 2020
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Initial reports from British tabloids said that Maldonado-Passage had contracted COVID-19 in prison, according to Vanity Fair, but the publication says "that rumor has not yet been proven." An Oklahoma City Fox News affiliate reported on April 2 that a post on Maldonado-Passage’s Facebook page claims he does not have the disease. "Joe DOES NOT have the COVID-19 virus," the Facebook post says . "He’s in a 14-day quarantine because he was transferred from another facility. "  We rate this blog post .
Statement: The deal to raise the nation's debt ceiling will "directly link a debt ceiling increase to spending cuts for the first time ever.
Speaker: jon runyan
About the speaker: A former offensive tackle for the Philadelphia Eagles, Jon Runyan is a Republican Congressman representing New Jersey's 3rd district, which includes parts of Burlington, Camden and Ocean counties.
 
Date: September 3, 2011
Location: new jersey
Topics: deficit;federal budget
Context: a mailer posted on bluejersey.com
Fact-check justification: In a recent mailer, Runyan claimed the Budget Control Act of 2011 marked the "first time ever" that a debt ceiling increase was linked to spending cuts. But our research shows that similar connections have been made at least four times within the past three decades. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: Says former Clinton budget director Alice Rivlin said the stimulus bill "won't actually stimulate the economy.
Speaker: mark sanford
About the speaker: Mark Sanford is a former congressman and two-term governor from South Carolina. He was considered a potential contender for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination before he was implicated in a scandal concerning a extramarital affair in summer 2009.
Date: February 23, 2009
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;stimulus
Context: the Washington Post
Fact-check justification: But, she said, "to suggest I thought the stimulus is not effective is just . That’s not ." So we find nothing to back up Sanford's  and find his statement . (Gov. Sanford's office initially stood by the , but just as we were about to publish this item, Sanford communications director Joel Sawyer called and said they had misinterpreted what Rivlin said. "In retrospect, we think we were  on that," he said.)
Statement: In eighth grade math, we've fallen to ninth place.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: March 10, 2009
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: a speech on education
Fact-check justification: In 2003, they climbed to 15th . So rather than falling, U.S. students have actually improved in the past decade. We considered giving the president partial credit since American students did come in ninth. But the point of his statement was that they had "fallen" to that position and that mathematics performance in the United States is getting worse relative to other countries. And that's just plain .
Statement: Mt. Hood Community College is No. 1 on average and top faculty pay and benefits.
Speaker: mt. hood community college
About the speaker: Mt. Hood Community College enrolls about 32,000 students and is the fifth largest of 17 community colleges in Oregon.
Date: December 9, 2010
Location: oregon
Topics: education;income
Context: the college's website
Fact-check justification: (Faculty climb from one "step" to the next once a year; people who are at the top step will get cost-of-living adjustments if bargained for.) But that’s neither here nor there.    If you combine the two claims together, we rate the overall  on pay as . It’s accurate -- average pay is high in large part because top tier pay is high, and so many people are in that top tier -- but it needs just a tiny bit of additional information on pay broken down by day. Comment on this item.
Statement: We lag behind many other developed nations in connectivity and speed, while also paying more for that service.
Speaker: elizabeth warren
About the speaker: Elizabeth Warren is a senator from Massachusetts. Warren was elected to the Senate in 2012 and was re-elected in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024. Warren received a bachelor’s degree in speech pathology and audiology from the University of Houston and a J.D. from Rutgers Law School. In 2019, she announced her race for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out March 5, 2020.
Date: August 27, 2019
Location: national
Topics: corporations;technology
Context: the Washington Post
Fact-check justification: Warren said that the United States lags "behind many other developed nations in connectivity and speed, while also paying more for that service."  Her words are sufficiently broad to fit the government report she cited, but the numbers show the United States generally in the middle of the pack for speed, price and reach.  While the top performing nations might stand out, in many cases, small differences in values determine their placement in the rankings. Warren’s statement is generally accurate, but it needs context. We rate this  .
Statement: Obama's job approval rating is up.
Speaker: donna brazile
About the speaker: A longtime Democratic political consultant and campaign manager for Al Gore’s 2000 presidential campaign. Currently a political commentator for CNN and frequent commentator on ABC's This Week with George Stephanopoulos.
Date: January 17, 2010
Location: national
Topics: pundits
Context: on ABC's This Week
Fact-check justification: Rassmussen polling demonstrates a similar trend , though it also shows that slightly more people disapprove than approve of Obama's performance.    Other polls, including Quinnipiac, however, show Obama's numbers on the downturn.     So, Brazile claimed that Obama's job approval ratings are improving, and generally speaking, it seems they are. But we're going to lower our rating by one notch because she based her  on one poll in which the increase is within the margin of error. So we rate this one .
Statement: If you look pre-COVID" under President Donald Trump, "we didn't import a single barrel of oil from Saudi Arabia.
Speaker: sean hannity
About the speaker: Sean Hannity is a conservative political commentator and hosts a nationally syndicated radio show, as well as two television shows on the Fox News Channel. In a 2013 interview Hannity said that he is a “registered Conservative” and ”not a Republican, though people often mistake me for one.” Hannity has authored three books.
Date: December 1, 2021
Topics: energy;gas prices;pundits;trade;punditfact
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Hannity said that "if you look pre-COVID" under Trump, "we didn't import a single barrel of oil from Saudi Arabia." That’s way off, experts said. Data from the Energy Information Administration shows that in 2019, the final year of Trump’s presidency before the outbreak of the coronavirus, the U.S. imported about a half million barrels of crude oil from Saudi Arabia per day.  We rate Hannity’s  .