chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The Republican governor who stood up and cut spending instead of raising taxes.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: September 21, 2007
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: Also, state payments to cities and towns for schools and police were reduced, which caused those local governments to increase property taxes. The Club for Growth, a conservative political action committee that pushes for spending cuts and tax cuts, evaluated Romney's fiscal record: "Overall, Romney's record on tax policy is mixed. His record is marred by questionable statements and positions and his fee hikes and 'loophole' closures are troubling." We will note that the Club for Growth applauded Romney for supporting broad-based tax cuts. We find his  that he "cut spending instead of raising taxes" to be only half of the story about how he dealt with the state's financial crisis.
Statement: Says he got "support all over Raleigh
Speaker: charles francis
About the speaker: Charles Francis is a Democrat running for mayor of Raleigh
Date: October 11, 2017
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Francis said he got support "all over Raleigh." He also said he got "broad support in some inside-the-Beltline precincts and some northwestern precincts" and that he got "overwhelming support in Southeast Raleigh." Francis was right about his performance in Southeast Raleigh but wasn't exactly competitive in northwest Raleigh and inside the beltline. That large swath of Raleigh stretching from Hillsborough Street to Millbrook Road – where he didn’t come close to competing with McFarlane – is too big and too dense of an area to suggest that he was competitive "all over Raleigh." We rate his  .
Statement: Says Kevin Cramer wants to cut Social Security and Medicare to pay for tax cuts.
Speaker: senate majority pac
About the speaker: Senate Majority PAC is a super PAC that works to elect Democrats to the U.S. Senate.
Date: June 8, 2018
Location: national
Topics: medicare;social security;taxes
Context: campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The Senate Majority PAC said, "And now, Cramer says, they’ll have to cut Social Security and Medicare to pay for (tax cuts)." Cramer said reform was necessary in order to make Medicare and Social Security solvent. Recently, he broadly suggested raising the eligibility age by "a month or two" and increasing means testing. Experts said they could be interpreted as calls for cuts. But they don’t affect retirees or people nearing retirement, and were not accompanied by any concrete policy proposals. Also, the Democrats linked his position to the tax bill, but he has held that position for years. We rate this  .
Statement: Under Hillary Clinton, State Department "officials were sending official thank-yous to people who gave to the Clinton Foundation.
Speaker: grover norquist
About the speaker: Grover Norquist is president of Americans for Tax Reform, a group he founded in 1985 to advocate for a tax system in which taxes are simpler, flatter, more visible, and lower than they are today. Its flagship program is the Taxpayer Protection Pledge, which it began promoting in 1986 and expanded to the state level in 1990. Those who sign on to the pledge commit to oppose any effort to increase income taxes on individuals or businesses. Norquist also serves on the board of directors of the National Rifle Association of America, the American Conservative Union and The Nixon Center.
Date: March 24, 2016
Topics: corrections and updates;foreign policy;punditfact
Context: a Fox Business interview
Fact-check justification: Norquist said that State Department officials were sending official thank-yous to donors to the Clinton Foundation. We looked at the source documents he relied on and found nothing that supported his version of events. State Department staff did ask for lists of projects and partners in preparation for a speech Clinton was to give at a Clinton Global Initiative meeting. However, there is no hint that any staff member expressed official appreciation to any donor. There is no indication that money for those projects flowed through CGI. Finally, Clinton thanked governments for showing up, but didn’t thank donors. She praised the audience in general, but that would include many who were on the receiving end of CGI’s efforts. The documents do not say what Norquist suggested they said. We rate this  . Correction:  An earlier version of this story said the Clinton Global Initiative and the Clinton Foundation separated in 2009. Actually, the groups separated in 2010.
Statement: For immigrants with visa overstays, "we make no effort to hold them accountable to that or uphold the law.
Speaker: mike pence
About the speaker: Mike Pence is the former vice president of the United States. A Republican, Pence was elected governor of Indiana in 2012. Pence previously served for 12 years as a congressman from Indiana representing the Sixth Congressional District; he was first elected in 2000. During his time in the U.S. House of Represenatives, he served as House Republican Conference chairman and chairman of the House Republican Study Committee. Pence was born in Columbus, Ind. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1981 from Hanover College and a law degree in 1986 from Indiana University. After accepting Donald Trump's offer to be running mate, Pence ended his 2016 campaign to be re-elected as Indiana governor. 
Date: September 4, 2016
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: an interview on Meet the Press
Fact-check justification: Pence said, "An enormous number of people come to this country legally and then simply overstay their visas because we make no effort to hold them accountable to that or uphold the law." Pence’s statement suggests there are no repercussions for people who overstay their visa. While they are not ICE’s top concern — officials say they prioritize the removal of convicted criminals over visa violators— they can still be deported and barred from coming back into the United States. About 8 percent of the 235,413 people removed from the country in fiscal year 2015 belonged to a category that includes visa overstays.  We rate Pence’s statement .
Statement: Virginia spends $400,000 on abstinence programs while losing $2.5 million in federal funds due to Gov. Bob McDonnell's "political agenda.
Speaker: naral pro-choice virginia
About the speaker: NARAL Pro-Choice Virginia is an abortion-rights advocacy group. It is the state chapter of NARAL Pro-Choice America.
Date: June 6, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: abortion;state budget
Context: a web video
Fact-check justification: It’s  the state spent about $400,000 for a federal abstinence-only grant. And it’s  that the McDonnell administration did not apply for a comprehensive sex education grant that would have sent almost $2.6 million to Virginia during fiscal year 2010 and 2011. Because Virginia is now ineligible to apply for the comprehensive grant through 2014, the state will wind up declining a much greater amount of money than NARAL claimed. We won’t penalize NARAL for understating its case. Its statement is .
Statement: It is a fact that it costs more to run the schools in August.
Speaker: kathleen angelucci
About the speaker: Kathleen Angelucci, a Republican, is district 4 representative on the Cobb County school board.
Date: March 9, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: Cobb is spending less money this school year from factors associated with the balanced calendar, according to data produced by the district. Some officials, like in Texas, have produced data that shows starting the school year earlier can cost a district more money. Area school officials who have used a balanced calendar for years say there’s not much financial difference either way. There is scant  that Angelucci made a valid point, and she failed to provide us anything to back up her statement. We rate her  as .
Statement: Wisconsin is broke," and "state government is $3 billion in debt.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: September 2, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget
Context: a fund-raising letter
Fact-check justification: Understandable, perhaps. After all, the letter is geared toward getting supporters to contribute money to the campaign in the face of a possible recall attempt in 2012. But in doing so, Walker contradicts his own statements -- and reality. The statements are  and . .
Statement: Hedge fund managers and others in private equity pay much lower (tax) rates on their income than do truck drivers and teachers and nurses.
Speaker: tammy baldwin
About the speaker: Tammy Baldwin was elected to the U.S. Senate on Nov. 6, 2012. She represented Wisconsin’s Second Congressional District from January 1999 to January 2013. She served as a member of the Wisconsin Assembly from January 1993 to January 1999. She was a Dane County supervisor from 1986 to 1994 and briefly served on the Madison Common Council, filling a vacancy, in 1986.
Date: February 14, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: labor;taxes
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Baldwin said "hedge fund managers and others in private equity pay much lower (tax) rates on their income than do truck drivers and teachers and nurses." Based on the carried interest provisions, there could be some individual scenarios in which a truck driver would pay a larger portion of income than a hedge fund manager. But when looking at average tax rates -- the amount typically paid after deductions and exemptions -- a typical truck driver, teacher or nurse would pay a far smaller percentage of their income in taxes. We rate the  .
Statement: The Children's Defense Fund rated McCain as the worst senator in Congress for children.
Speaker: moveon.org
About the speaker: MoveOn.org is a left-leaning political advocacy group. It endorsed Sen. Barack Obama for the Democratic nomination.
Date: April 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an e-mail message
Fact-check justification: (Though McCain's history with the group isn't that great, either. In 2006, his score was 10 percent and in 2005 it was 22 percent.) But MoveOn omits the caveat that his vote against SCHIP was based on spending concerns. But these are minor points, and not enough to notch down the -O-Meter too much. We find MoveOn's statement about McCain's rating and his stance on the children's health bill to be .
Statement: A heat wave melted turbine blades at a Texas wind farm.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 17, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: weather;facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The post and others like it come on the heels of a recent heat wave that has gripped Texas and other states across the southwest and southeast over the past week which has sent demand for electricity skyrocketing as air conditioning units in homes and businesses are being run day and night.   What’s more, the company running the wind farm in the post — RWE Renewables — told Reuters in a statement that the damage was a result of storm damage and not excessive heat. "The damage to the turbine was definitely NOT related to heat or high temperatures," RWE spokesman Matt Tulis said in the statement. The turbine shown in the Facebook post is one of 48 at the same wind farm operated by RWE, according to Reuters. We rate the  that heat melted the blades of this wind turbine as .
Statement: Betty Sutton "gutted Medicare by $500 billion" with her vote for the president's health care bill.
Speaker: jim renacci
About the speaker: Jim Renacci, a Republican, is running against U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown, a Democrat, in 2018. Renacci is the representative from Ohio's 16th Congressional District. He is a businessman and also the former mayor of Wadsworth. He was first elected to Congress in 2010.
Date: May 11, 2012
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;medicare;voting record
Context: a campaign website posting
Fact-check justification: In this case Renacci’s website claims Sutton’s support of health care reform was a vote that "gutted Medicare by $500 billion."    There is an element of  in this  from Renacci: the health reform law is forecast to cause less spending on Medicare than what was previously forecast. But that spending reduction is a result of slowing growth so that less is spent in the long run, not cutting out traditional Medicare benefits. Those are critical facts missing from Renacci’s . On the -O-Meter, this  rates .
Statement: Says a video showing water inside a glass on a spaceflight proves space isn't real
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 12, 2023
Topics: china;space;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The glass, meanwhile, was affixed to the table. In its own fact-check of the same , the China-based Global Times wrote that Velcro strips held the glass in place as the taikonauts used it to give students a demonstration on the lack of water buoyancy in space. A YouTube clip showed that when Yaping removed the glass from the table and passed it to her crewmate, Ye Guangfu, the water remained confined within the glass, even though the glass itself floated in the air. Space is real, and it’s pretty cool. The  that a water glass proved otherwise is .
Statement: California Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom was "for (high-speed rail), before he's against it, and then he's for it again.
Speaker: antonio villaraigosa
About the speaker: Antonio Villaraigosa, a Democrat, is a candidate for California governor, former mayor of Los Angeles and former state Assembly speaker. 
Date: September 20, 2017
Location: california
Topics: infrastructure;state budget;the 2018 california governor's race;transportation
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: In fairness to Newsom, he’s consistently expressed concern that the project no longer represents what voters supported in 2008 and that his main worry was its cost. Villaraigosa’s statement could have used this additional information. We rate his  .   – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The problem with mail ballots in Lancaster County is a sign of "voter fraud.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: May 17, 2022
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: elections
Context: tweets
Fact-check justification: Social media posts extrapolated a problem with mail ballots in Lancaster County as a sign of "voter fraud." There is no  of fraud. The issue had to do with a vendor that printed the mail ballots using a  identification code; the ballots would not scan, so they will need to be copied by hand. County officials dismissed notions of vote tampering or other illegal activity. What happened in Lancaster is a vendor error, and suggestions that it amounts to voter fraud are . We rate this  .  RELATED : All of our fact-checks about elections RELATED : Dave McCormick’s -O-Meter RELATED : Mehmet Oz’s -O-Meter RELATED: Why France reports election results faster than the US
Statement: Says Rep. Ken Legler "voted against installing fire sprinklers and emergency power generators in nursing homes.
Speaker: boyd richie
About the speaker: Boyd Richie served three terms as chairman of the Texas Democratic Party. He did not seek re-election in 2012.
Date: June 16, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: housing;retirement
Context: an e-mail
Fact-check justification: Remaining facilities without sprinklers were facing a federal mandate to follow suit, at their own expense; the amendment could have enabled them to do so at no cost to themselves. By implying that Legler was an opponent of nursing home safety, Richie’s statement painted the situation as far more dire and widespread than it really was. His statement is . Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: The average American family" saw income rise $7,500 under Bill Clinton and decline $2,000 under George Bush.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: August 28, 2008
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: Denver
Fact-check justification: Having said all that, Obama didn't mention working-age families as part of his speech. Obama is right with the overall point he's making. Incomes did rise under Clinton and decline under Bush. But the numbers he uses don't include seniors, who today represent about 12 percent of the population. So we rate his statement only .
Statement: Man dug tunnel from home to the pub and drank every night while his wife slept.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 7, 2017
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Fact-check justification: "We messed up," the addendum says. "The story is a hoax, and we fell for it. We’re really sorry. Original story follows." We rate this statement !
Statement: Pope Francis says covid vaccine will now be required to enter heaven.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 9, 2020
Topics: religion;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: But the pope hasn’t said a COVID-19 vaccine is a requirement to enter heaven. Those words are from a Nov. 30 post on The Babylon Bee, a satire website that writes "about Christian stuff, political stuff, and everyday life." While some Facebook users seemed to have caught on that the posts stem from satire, others appeared to be unaware. The Facebook posts are promoting as fact something that is fabricated. We rate the posts !
Statement: Since parole abolition, Virginia's "crime rate has fallen to third lowest in the country, our recidivism rate is down 20 percent and that's the second lowest in the country.
Speaker: mark obenshain
About the speaker: Mark Obenshain, R-26th, is a Virginia State Senator. His district is comprised of Page, Rappahannock, Shenandoah and Warren counties and Harrisonburg and part of Rockingham County. 
Obenshain lost the 2013 Virginia attorney general's race to Democrat Mark Herring by a slim margin after a recount. 
Obenshain was born in Richmond. His father, Richard Obenshain, was a Virginia Republican Committee chairman and Republican National Committee co-chairman and died in a plane crash during a U.S. Senate campaign.
Obenshain graduated from Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, in 1984, and received a law degree from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington, in 1987.
Date: July 21, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Obenshain says that since parole abolition, "Our crime rate has fallen to third lowest in the country, our recidivism rate is down 20 percent and that’s the second lowest in the country.’ Virginia’s violent crime rate did drop to the nation’s third lowest  in 2013. The recidivism rate is a stickier issue. It fell by 10 percent over the last 20 years -- half of what Obenshain said. And the No. 2 national ranking, released by Virginia’s DOC, is fraught problems because different states compute their recidivism rates in vastly different ways. But on the whole, crime trends have gone down in Virginia and we rate Obenshain’s statement .
Statement: More than 40,000 troops are still stationed in Afghanistan with no clear objective. Even in the best case, by the end of the year at least 10,000 American soldiers will still be on the ground.
Speaker: david alameel
About the speaker: David Alameel, a dentist-turned-investor, was the Democratic U.S. Senate nominee in Texas in 2014.
Date: February 7, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: afghanistan;military;terrorism
Context: an email blast
Fact-check justification: Alameel, who advocates ending the U.S. military presence in Afghanistan, said more than 40,000 U.S. troops remain there now and under his "best-case" scenario, at least 10,000 will remain at the end of 2014. This  may have been close in spirit, but it aired outdated information. There were about 34,000 U.S. troops in Afghanistan just before Alameel piped up though there had been more than 40,000 troops there as of December 2013. Also by the time the candidate spoke, a general had reportedly recommended reducing U.S. troop levels to 10,000--or zero--by the end of this year, though no decision had been announced. We rate this , which overstates both the troops there now and the possible number of troops by year’s end, as .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Quotes Andy Borowitz as saying "stopping Hillary is a short-term solution. The long-term solution — and it will be more difficult — is fixing the educational system that has created so many people ignorant enough to vote for Hillary.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 9, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The quote in the image is doctored to make it look like Borowitz is being critical of Clinton.   We found that he posted the statement on his verified Facebook page on Nov. 4, 2016, four days before the presidential election. The only words altered in the Facebook post’s version are the two references to "Hillary," in which Borowitz actually wrote "Trump."   The statement has been altered. We rate it .