chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Bill White "is discriminating. He's taking jobs from African Americans and giving them to his friends.
Speaker: farouk shami
About the speaker: Farouk Shami is a Palestinian-born businessman from Houston. He is the founder and chairman of Farouk Systems, Inc., a $1 billion corporation known for it's BioSilk and CHI hair care product lines.
Date: January 26, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: race and ethnicity
Context: a Dallas press conference
Fact-check justification: Our search of the Chronicle for 2004-05 came up empty. Under White, a smaller share of black-owned businesses got contracts through the city program devoted to fostering affirmative action. It may also be that White fed perceptions that he was trimming opportunities for black-owned businesses. But Shami's  is an overreach, unsupported by even his own campaign's back-up . We rate Shami's statement as .
Statement: After taking hundreds of thousands of dollars from Goldman Sachs and other Wall Street banks, (Debbie Wasserman Schultz) has voted to prevent the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau from regulating payday loans and addressing racial discrimination in car loans.
Speaker: tim canova
About the speaker: Tim Canova is running against U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz in 2018. Canova, who lives in Hollywood and is a Nova Southeastern University law professor, lost to Wasserman Schultz in the Democratic primary in 2016. In April 2018, he announced that he would switch from running in the Democratic primary against Wasserman Schultz to running as an independent.
Date: March 24, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: campaign finance;congress;race and ethnicity;poverty
Context: campaign website
Fact-check justification: Canova says Wasserman Schultz "after taking hundreds of thousands of dollars from Goldman Sachs and other Wall Street banks, has voted to prevent the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau from regulating payday loans and addressing racial discrimination in car loans." Her campaign committee and PAC have taken $309,020 from commercial banks since her re-election campaign in 2006 -- about 2 percent of the total. That includes $15,000 in donations from Goldman Sachs to her leadership PAC. The payday loan bill hasn’t had a vote in the House yet, although Wasserman Schultz is a co-sponsor. The bill would not prevent the bureau from regulating payday loans entirely, but it would cede power to the states, including Florida, which has its own payday law that some advocates have criticized as weak. She voted for a bill that squashed bureau guidelines that were intended to provide clarity about the law on racial discrimination related to car loans. We rate this  .
Statement: Without a Medicaid expansion, 275,000 more Ohioans could be getting their primary care in emergency rooms, costing "everybody a lot of money.
Speaker: john kasich
About the speaker: John Kasich is the governor of Ohio. A Republican and a former congressman, he defeated Democratic Gov. Ted Strickland in 2010 and was reelected in 2014. He ran for president in 2016.
Date: February 4, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: health care;medicaid;poverty
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Where does that leave Kasich’s statement? He  was correct in stating that according to his administration’s calculations, the Medicaid expansion would cover 275,000 Ohioans whose primary health care might otherwise be provided in emergency rooms, at a higher cost. Whether that higher expense "costs everybody a lot of money" is largely a matter of how "a lot" is defined. Since uncompensated care represents a relatively small percentage of health care spending, Kasich could be accused of a bit of exaggeration. With that clarification, we rate the statement as .
Statement: Says she is ranked "one of the most bipartisan senators in the Senate in the last 25 years.
Speaker: joni ernst
About the speaker: Joni Ernst is a Republican senator from Iowa. A former state senator, she won the 2014 GOP primary for an open U.S. Senate seat and defeated Democratic Rep. Bruce Braley in November. She was sworn into Congress in January 2015, replacing long-time Senator Tom Harkin.
Date: October 15, 2020
Location: iowa
Topics: bipartisanship;candidate biography
Context: comments at a debate
Fact-check justification: Moreover, a senator’s bipartisanship also can be determined through voting records, rhetoric, and other factors. Ernst votes in line with the Republican president 90 percent of the time, and is considered by GovTrack, which gauges bills she sponsors and co-sponsors, to be one of the most conservative senators ideologically. Her score from other groups tempers the absolute  of working in a strong, bipartisan fashion more often than her colleagues. Still, Ernst places relatively high in two rankings of bipartisanship. So we rate her statement .
Statement: McCain got more money from Airbus' U.S. executives than any other politician.
Speaker: campaign money watch
About the speaker: Campaign Money Watch is an independent political group known as a 527, after the section of the tax code that governs such groups.
Date: June 9, 2008
Location: national
Topics: ethics;military
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: U.S. employees of EADS/Airbus have contributed $15,700 in this election cycle to McCain's campaign. The next highest recipient was Mark Warner, a Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate, who has gotten $2,800. Barack Obama has gotten $2,650. Neither McCain nor Obama has gotten any money from Airbus PACs, which have spread around $123,000 to 22 congressional candidates this election cycle. Given those numbers, we rule this  .
Statement: The new light bulbs will cost roughly six times the cost of the light bulbs we now use.
Speaker: ameripac
About the speaker: AmeriPAC is a political action committee that largely supports conservative Republican candidates.
Date: May 16, 2011
Location: national
Topics: energy;regulation
Context: a fundraising letter
Fact-check justification: Even if you consider only the up-front cost of light bulbs, consumers would not be obligated to buy LED bulbs that cost as much as $50 apiece; nor would they be forced to purchase fluorescent alternatives that go for $3 apiece. There also are halogen incandescent bulbs for $1.49. It's  that all of these options will cost more at the store than traditional incandescent bulbs cost today. But when you factor in the cost of electricity needed to power the light bulb, they will end up costing significantly less. We rate the  .
Statement: Almost half of every dollar that we spend on gas, it goes to New York State.
Speaker: pam helming
About the speaker: Pam Helming is a New York State Senator, and lives in Canandaigua, where she previously served as town supervisor. 
Date: March 8, 2022
Location: new york
Topics: gas prices;state budget;taxes
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Helming said almost half of every dollar that motorists spend on gas goes to New York State. The gas tax in New York is about 50 cents per gallon, not including the federal excise tax, but a gallon of gas now costs more than $4, meaning that the tax is far lower than half the cost of gas.  Helming said the money "goes to New York State," which is also . Part of the gas tax is levied by counties and stays local.  We rate her  .
Statement: According to International Olympic Committee data, "an average of 29 athletes under the age of 35 suffered sudden death per year from 1966 to 2004. From March 2021 to March 2022, 769 athletes have died or suffered cardiac arrest.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 20, 2022
Location: national
Topics: public health;sports;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Our ruling  An Instagram post claims that an average of 29 young athletes suffered sudden death per year from 1966 to 2004, while 769 athletes have died or suffered cardiac arrest from March 2021 to March 2022, suggesting the COVID-19 vaccines have caused a spike in sudden deaths.   A study published in 2006 found that an average of 29 young athletes experienced sudden deaths over a nearly 40-year span, but there is no comparable study to weigh it against. The 769 figure is based on a collection of articles that incorporate reports of athlete deaths, cardiac arrest incidents and various incomplete anecdotes that didn’t involve any emergency medical episodes or have any confirmed connection to the vaccines.   Studies and scientific reviews have found no association between vaccination and sudden deaths, and officials with the SADS foundation, as well as sports cardiologists, say there is no  that suggests any of the COVID-19 vaccines cause people to experience sudden death. We rate this .
Statement: The current city mayor (Kasim Reed) has been virtually absent in terms of regional cooperation the last eight years.
Speaker: john eaves
About the speaker: John Eaves, a Democrat, is chairman of the Fulton County Board of Commissioners
Date: September 13, 2017
Location: georgia
Topics: city government
Context: an Atlanta mayoral candidate forum
Fact-check justification: Eaves said Reed has been virtually absent from regional cooperation over his eight years in office. This seems to be rooted in Reed’s attitude toward a mayors’ initiative led by Eaves. There is also some  that Reed failed to faithfully attend meetings of Atlanta’s Regional Commission. However, in terms of promoting major development activity that boosted jobs across the region, Reed was deeply involved and can take credit for playing a key role. Reed might have rubbed some local officials the  way, but for residents, tangible results matter more than style. There’s a sliver of . We rate this  .
Statement: Harry Reid "voted to use taxpayer dollars to pay for Viagra for convicted child molesters and sex offenders.
Speaker: sharron angle
About the speaker: Sharron Angle is a former member of the Nevada Assembly who unsuccessfully tried to unseat Harry Reid in 2010 as the Republican nominee for his U.S. Senate seat.
Date: October 7, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;health care;crime;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: While CRS concluded that there was nothing in the current law to stop it from happening, the earliest it could start is in 2014 -- so there's ample time for lawmakers or federal officials to write laws or regulations to stop it before then. Finally, whatever taxpayer subsidies for sex offenders may materialize after 2014 would not go to all sex offenders; it would go to the subset of sex offenders who get their health care through the exchanges and who also qualify for subsidies. The ad is correct that Reid voted against a prohibition on taxpayer-subsidized Viagra for sex offenders. But the ad leaves out a lot of important context that, if it had been included, would have given a different impression. We rate the ad .
Statement: We have no idea what is contained in [electronic cigarette] vapor.
Speaker: teresa tanzi
About the speaker: Teresa Ann Tanzi is the Rhode Island state representative in District 34, which includes Narragansett and South Kingstown. Previously, she was a member of the South Kingstown Economic Development Committee.
Date: July 1, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: children;consumer safety;legal issues;government regulation;public health
Context: a House debate
Fact-check justification: State Rep. Teresa Tanzi said, "We have no idea what is contained in [electronic cigarette] vapor." But we found that numerous studies have identified the primary components of the vapor. Tanzi said she was referring to a lack of federal regulation of the products and the setting of safety standards. But that’s not what she said in the House debate. The judges rule her   . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Florida's new fingerprint identification system is improving our rate of solving cold cases by 300 percent.
Speaker: charlie crist
About the speaker: Charlie Crist lost the race for Florida governor as the Democratic candidate in 2022. He served as a U.S. congressman from St. Petersburg since 2017 and resigned Aug. 31, 2022 to focus on his campaign.  As a Republican, Crist served as governor from 2007 to 2011. Crist left the Republican Party in 2010 to mount a campaign for the U.S. Senate as an independent. Crist lost the race to Marco Rubio. In 2012, he endorsed President Barack Obama and announced that he had registered as a Democrat. He lost his race as a Democratic candidate for governor in 2014.
Date: March 2, 2010
Location: florida
Topics: crime
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Crist is right that the new BIS system is helping police and sheriff's deputies. But he's making it sound like the new technology is having a dramatic impact on the number of cases solved. In fact, fingerprint matches are up 300 percent, but that doesn't correspond to a similar percentage of additional cases being solved. That data doesn't exist, and system users acknowledge that fingerprint matches don't always lead to arrests. As a result, we rate Crist's  .
Statement: Scientists project that the Arctic will be ice-free in the summer of 2013.
Speaker: john kerry
About the speaker: John Kerry is the secretary of state. He previously was a senator from Massachusetts and the Democratic Party's nominee for president in 2004.
Date: August 31, 2009
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change
Context: the Huffington Post
Fact-check justification: However, he has based his prediction on the earliest and most extreme estimate, when a much wider range of estimates are available and most project the turning point will occur decades from now. And he makes it seem as if the Arctic will be totally ice-free within a few short years when in fact that would only be  for the summer. As a result, we rate Kerry's statement .    Editor's note: This statement was rated  when it was published. On July 27, 2011, we changed the name for the rating to .
Statement: Rand Paul's medical license was just revoked!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 11, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: That’s because this  originated on a satirical section of a website called Patheos.   The text about Paul losing his license due to "ethical concerns" comes straight from an Aug. 10 post on Patheos tagged as satire.   But that context is missing in the posts that are being shared on social media.   According to the Kentucky Board of Medical Licensure, Paul is an active, licensed physician .   We rate this post !
Statement: Once the U.S. government signs a U.N. treaty on conventional arms, "all U.S. citizens will be subject to those gun laws created by foreign governments.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: June 3, 2010
Location: national
Topics: legal issues;foreign policy;guns
Context: a chain e-mail circulated on the Internet
Fact-check justification: "But the difference between what is going on and the claims (it makes) are considerable." Ultimately, then, it's possible -- if a treaty is passed, and if Supreme Court justices use the treaty as a foundation for overturning longstanding interpretations of the Second Amendment -- for the treaty to influence U.S. gun laws. But it is simply not  that, in the e-mail's words, "once the US Government signs these international treaties, all US citizens will be subject to those gun laws created by foreign governments." Rather, in the unlikely event that the president and two-thirds of the Senate agreed to a treaty that banned guns and required their confiscation from ordinary Americans, a longstanding Supreme Court precedent would make those provisions unenforceable within the United States. So we rule the e-mail .
Statement: In the 1970s, "the swine flu broke out . . . under another Democrat, President Jimmy Carter.
Speaker: michele bachmann
About the speaker: Michele Bachmann, first elected to the U.S. Congress in 2006, represents the 6th Congressional District of Minnesota. She was reelected in 2008. Previously, she served in the Minnesota State Senate. Prior to that, she spent five years as a federal tax litigation attorney. Bachmann and her husband, Marcus, who have five children and have opened their home to 23 foster children, live in Stillwater, Minn., and own a mental health care practice.
Date: April 27, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview with Pajamas Media
Fact-check justification: It's  for her to suggest a partisan link with a deadly disease. That's not just a , that's absurdly . So we'll get out the lighter (after we wash our hands!) and set the -O-Meter ablaze. This one's a .
Statement: Says Elizabeth Warren, asked about the Mollie Tibbetts murder, said "I know this is hard for her family, but they have to remember that we need to focus on real problems, like illegal immigrants not being able to see their kids.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 18, 2019
Location: national
Topics: immigration;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: It added words she didn’t say, such as "illegal immigrants not being able to see their kids." It added small words, such as "they" to have her purported quote make grammatical sense and match the meaning the people behind the post wanted to create. The Facebook version omits Warren’s words about focusing "on people who pose a real threat." Warren contrasted enforcement that targets those who have or might commit violence, and enforcement that separates small children from their parents — the " zero tolerance " policy under the Trump administration in 2018. We rate this  .
Statement: Says "220,000 New Yorkers would have immediately benefitted had President Obama's executive action been affirmed. So almost a quarter million of our fellow New Yorkers who are hurting right now whose rights and opportunities were taken away by the Supreme Court.
Speaker: bill de blasio
About the speaker: Bill de Blasio is the mayor of New York City. He has been mayor since 2014. De Blasio received a bachelor’s degree in metropolitan studies from New York University and a master’s degree in international affairs from Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in September.
Date: June 23, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: immigration
Context: a press conference at New York City Hall
Fact-check justification: At a press conference on June 23, Mayor de Blasio said, "Two hundred twenty thousand New Yorkers would have immediately benefitted had President Obama’s executive action been affirmed. So almost a quarter million of our fellow New Yorkers who are hurting right now whose rights and opportunities were taken away by the Supreme Court." Based on the latest data, released in 2014, the mayor overestimated the number of unauthorized immigrants the Supreme Court ruling affected. His office says the city’s Center for Economic Opportunity used its own methodology in conjunction with data from the Census Bureau to develop its estimate, but a 40,000-person difference reaches beyond a margin of error. We rate this  as .
Statement: California Gov. Jerry Brown's budget "cuts funds for local tree mortality efforts from $52.7 million to just $2 million.
Speaker: jim patterson
About the speaker: Republican state assemblyman from Fresno.
Date: May 22, 2017
Location: california
Topics: environment;state budget
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Republican State Assemblyman Jim Patterson recently claimed Gov. Jerry Brown’s May budget "cuts funds for local tree mortality efforts from $52.7 million to just $2 million." Patterson’s  gets the $2 million figure correct. But it’s  and not accurate to say the entire $52.7 million was set aside to remove dead and dying trees. It’s a disaster assistance fund that also helps pay for water storage and sanitation projects across nine counties in California. Brown declared an end to the state’s drought emergency in April, a move that led the state to scale back some temporary emergency funding. Over the past couple years, local governments have requested less than $600,000 for tree removal reimbursements from the disaster assistance fund, though an advocate for rural counties expects requests will ramp up this year. Patterson taps into a real concern over tree mortality and its cost to local governments. But his statement cites a  budget number and ignores critical facts that would give a very different impression. We rate his  .  –  The statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Capital Public Radio's Insight program discussed this fact check and a separate national fact check on May 31, 2017. Listen to the discussion below:  UPDATE: We reached out to Patterson's office for this fact check but have yet to hear back directly. Two days after our report published, Patterson responded to it on Twitter. He said: "The cuts are real, large & dangerous. People who live in the midst of this disaster are scared, and the counties they live in are too." Also, in a separate press release last week, Patterson said a state Assembly budget committee had approved a $20 million increase to CalFire’s budget to fund dead tree removal and prescribed burns. He added that the same committee rejected his request to add $10 million for local tree mortality efforts. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Bill Richardson is the only major Democratic candidate with a plan to withdraw all American troops from Iraq. All of the other major Democratic candidates support leaving American troops in Iraq indefinitely.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: September 25, 2007
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Fact-check justification: Kucinich advocates a prompt withdrawal of U.S. troops to be replaced with international peace keepers. Biden, on the other hand, has proposed an elaborate plan for partitioning Iraq into self-governing regions with U.S. troops helping maintain order. We won't take any points off for Richardson's  to be among the "major" candidates here, but we will lower his -O-Meter rating because the other candidates have not said they want troops in Iraq indefinitely, as Richardson suggests. Instead, they have said they need the information a commander-in-chief gets to make a final decision on force levels in Iraq. It may be a fine distinction, but it's not the same thing as supporting an indefinite deployment.
Statement: Says Bruno Mars is Michael Jackson's son.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 3, 2021
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: On his website , the elder Hernandez claims credit for introducing his son, "Pete Jr.," to the stage.   "Today he is better known as world famous and adored international star Bruno Mars who, in his own style, has carried on the Doo-Wop tradition like no other," the site says.   Rumors that Jackson is Mars’ father have been circulating online since at least 2014, when Snopes looked into a similar  that a DNA test had confirmed Jackson was his biological father. But the source for this celebrity gossip was a self-described satirical website.   We rate claims that Mars is Jackson’s son .