chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: In public approval, "the press is rated right now below that of Congress, and that is very low; it's in the single digits.
Speaker: e. gordon gee
About the speaker: E. Gordon Gee is is president of West Virginia University. His current tenure in office began in 2014, but he was first named WVU president in 1981 at age 36 – at the time, among the youngest persons to ever serve as a university president. He led West Virginia University until 1985, then went on to presidencies at the University of Colorado (1985-90), Brown University (1998-2000) and Vanderbilt University (2001-07). He served as president of the Ohio State University from 1990-97 and again from 2007-13. 
Date: September 20, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: congress;polls and public opinion
Context: an interview with the Daily Athenaeum
Fact-check justification: Gee said that in public approval, "the press is rated right now below that of Congress, and that is very low; it’s in the single digits." Levels of trust for both institutions are low, but Gee’s claims are  on two counts. First, trust in Congress is consistently lower than trust in the media. And second, we couldn’t find a poll in which the press’s approval ratings were in the single digits. We rate the statement .
Statement: Since 1990, in inflation-adjusted dollars, per-student funding of the (Florida) state university system from general revenue has dropped by about $4,000.
Speaker: bob graham
About the speaker: Bob Graham is a former Democratic governor and U.S. Senator from Florida.
Date: April 3, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: education;state budget
Context: the 'St. Petersburg Times'
Fact-check justification: Graham said that "since 1990, in inflation-adjusted dollars, per-student funding of the state university system from general revenue has dropped by about $4,000." He used a compound interest calculator to come to that figure, but that assumes inflation from 1990-2011 averaged 3 percent per year. According to the Department of Labor, the economy did not grow quite at that rate -- hence the disparity between Graham's calculation and ours. That said, he's right that tax dollars are not funding the state university system the way it did two decades ago. So we rate Graham's statement .
Statement: Donations of baby formula to Ukraine helped cause the current U.S. shortage.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 12, 2022
Topics: children;families;food;facebook fact-checks;ukraine
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Causes of the U.S. shortage are described by Bloomberg as "​​long-term economic pressures collid(ing) with a sudden supply shock." The long-term issues are related to the pandemic, which led to supply chain and shipping disruptions, as well as labor shortages. And the supply shock, Bloomberg explained, came when Abbott Laboratories recalled its baby formula and shut down a Michigan manufacturing plant because of concerns about contamination. The  that donations of baby formula to Ukraine are related to the current U.S. shortage is unfounded. We rate it .
Statement: Some people are going to die from the vaccine directly. But a large number of people are going to start getting horribly sick and get all kinds of autoimmune diseases.
Speaker: sherri tenpenny
About the speaker: Dr. Sherri Tenpenny is a licensed osteopathic physician and anti-vaccine advocate based in suburban Cleveland. Tenpenny is the author of “Saying No To Vaccines: A Resource Guide for All Ages” and has previously said vaccines cause autism, a claim public health officials have debunked.
Date: February 9, 2021
Topics: corrections and updates;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Bitchute video
Fact-check justification: CORRECTION :   This story was updated June 15, 2021, to correct an error regarding Tenpenny's profession. She is an osteopathic physician.   RELATED:   The coronavirus vaccine doesn’t cause Alzheimer’s, ALS
Statement: $12 billion more for Ukraine on top of $100+ billion while Jackson, Mississippi has yet to receive any funding to fix their water infrastructure.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 27, 2022
Topics: congress;infrastructure;water;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: The legislation passed Sept. 30 and was signed into law the same day, allocating $20 million to Jackson for its infrastructure.   Much more funding will be needed to fully address the city’s problems. But though the city might not have the money in hand yet because the funding was just approved, it’s  to say the city was completely ignored.   The  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Fact: Joe Biden pressured Ukraine to fire its prosecutor .... Fact: the prosecutor said he was forced out for leading a corruption probe into Hunter Biden's company. Fact: Democrats want to impeach President Trump for discussing this investigation with Ukraine's President.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 9, 2019
Location: national
Topics: impeachment;foreign policy
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: A Trump ad says "Fact: Joe Biden pressured Ukraine to fire its prosecutor .... Fact: the prosecutor said he was forced out for leading a corruption probe into Hunter Biden's company. Fact: Democrats want to impeach President Trump for discussing this investigation with Ukraine's President." Biden called for Ukraine to fire Shokin, the prosecutor general, but so did many others. The facts show that Biden wanted Shokin removed due to widespread concerns that Shokin was ineffective in pursuing corruption cases — not that he was too aggressively pursuing cases. The Trump campaign cites Shokin himself, but he is not a reliable source. And Democrats want to impeach Trump for using foreign policy to promote his own re-election, not his desire to investigate corruption.  This ad claims a compilation of "facts," but it’s presentation and lack of context is so  as to be . We rate this statement .
Statement: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that public school in the United States "will not teach the tenets of Islam or Sharia Law.
Speaker: nowtrump.com
About the speaker: Nowtrump.com is a pro-Trump fake news website.
Date: March 9, 2018
Topics: education;fake news;religion;punditfact
Context: a story
Fact-check justification: Nothing we have said here indicates that such study of the Bible or of religion, when presented objectively as part of a secular program of education may not be effected consistently with the First Amendment." Nowtrump.com wrote that the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that public school in the United States "will not teach the tenets of Islam or Sharia Law." There has been no such ruling banning schools from teaching about Islam or Sharia law. The story includes made-up quotes by Gorsuch. We rate this  .
Statement: Federal Reserve policies have led to a 69 percent rise in corn prices, 44 percent rise in wheat prices and 15 percent spike in sugar prices over the last year.
Speaker: jamie radtke
About the speaker: Jamie Radtke, a Republican, was a candidate for the GOP nomination for U.S. Senate in 2012 and was president of the Richmond Tea Party and co-founder of the Virginia Tea Party Patriots Federation.
Radtke graduated from Liberty University, Lynchburg, in 1995 and earned a master's degree in public policy from the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, in 1998.
Date: January 27, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: agriculture;energy
Context: remarks to the Senate Tea Party caucus meeting
Fact-check justification: Radtke is right about the basic facts: Corn, wheat and sugar prices have sharply increased in the past year, especially since last summer -- even though though her math did not match ours. But Radtke goes off track when she attributes these higher prices to a Federal Reserve that helps the United States "monetize its debt." Economists and a commodity trader told us these price spikes are primarily being driven by drought, floods and rising global demand. And while the value of the dollar plays a role in these prices, Federal Reserve policy is just one factor in the greenback’s value. Given this preponderance of , we find her  to be .
Statement: Elon Musk to acquire Facebook soon.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: February 22, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: Throughout, there was robust news coverage and commentary from both Musk and Twitter, including press releases and, of course, tweets. There are no such bread crumbs leading us to credible sources that corroborate the  in this blog post.   The blog itself features other  headlines alongside the unsourced story about Musk allegedly buying Facebook, including one claiming that he banned "The View" host Whoopi Goldberg from Twitter. In reality, she quit Twitter in November, a week after Musk took the helm. We rate claims that Musk is set to buy Facebook soon .
Statement: Sen. Obama wants to "enact the single largest tax increase since the Second World War.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: June 10, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Washington, D.C
Fact-check justification: By that measure, it would be the second-largest increase since World War II. The Revenue and Expenditure Control Act of 1968, passed under Lyndon Johnson to reduce a deficit swelled by the Vietnam War, yielded a tax increase of $55.3-billion in 1992 dollars. So based on what is known so far about Obama's plan, it would not be the largest since World War II by either of the two best measures. Moreover, Obama's proposal does not constitute a tax increase in the traditional sense, since taxes would be lower under his plan than they would under current law. We find McCain's statement to be .
Statement: Says Donald Trump indicted Amy Coney Barrett.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 27, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: The indictment of a Supreme Court justice would draw major news coverage, but none exists to support the  that Barrett faces criminal charges.   We searched for Barrett’s name in the Public Access to Court Electronic Records site, better known as PACER, a database of federal court cases. There are no criminal cases against the Supreme Court justice, much less one that includes the charges detailed in the blog post. That’s because it’s baseless.   We rate it .
Statement: Last week Senator Obama's running mate said, get this, 'Raising taxes is patriotic.'
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: September 22, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Reading, Pa
Fact-check justification: That's what you say to them," Biden answered. It's a debatable argument Biden makes, but clearly he is not praising Obama's patriotism for planning to raise taxes. Rather he's invoking the patriotism of those wealthy taxpayers footing the bill. Still, McCain's twisting of Biden's words isn't totally off base, given that Biden brought up patriotism while justifying Obama's plan to raise taxes on some wealthy Americans. We rule McCain's  .
Statement: I was filibustered.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: July 11, 2013
Location: ohio
Topics: bipartisanship
Context: a news conference call
Fact-check justification: The hold on Portman got nowhere near the attention of the Cordray nomination, or of Wendy Davis’ efforts in Texas. And although Koger said a hold is tantamount to a filibuster when used to extract concessions, CRS described it as "an implicit threat to filibuster." Binder similarly said that "we often call Portman-like episodes a threatened filibuster: ‘If you go forward, I will block it.’" This additional information clarifies a generally accurate , so we’ll stop filibustering and follow the rules of PolitiFact: If a  is generally accurate but needs additional information, it is .
Statement: Colorado raked in $60 million in marijuana taxes and licensing fees in the past year.
Speaker: james aubin
About the speaker: James Aubin, of North Smithfield, is a member of Common Sense Citizen, a group he formed to fight for legalization of marijuana in Rhode Island.
Date: January 5, 2015
Location: rhode island
Topics: drugs;legal issues;taxes;marijuana
Context: a newspaper commentary
Fact-check justification: James Aubin wrote that "Colorado raked in $60 million in marijuana taxes and licensing fees in the past year …". Documents we reviewed from the Colorado Department of Revenue showed that total marijuana revenue from taxes and fees was about $60 million between Jan. 1 through Oct. 31, 2014. Of course, this figure tells only part of the story about Colorado’s legalization of marijuana. There are also costs, including administrative expenses and societal costs yet to be determined. But those are beyond the scope of this fact-check. We rate Aubin’s  as  .
Statement: In Cobb County, every meeting opened with a prayer. The ACLU objected. Sued ... [Sam] Olens took on the ACLU and won!
Speaker: sam olens
About the speaker: Sam Olens is Georgia's Attorney General
Date: July 6, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: legal issues;religion
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: The ACLU objected. Sued." The plaintiffs objected in their complaint to the types of prayer at the beginning of the meeting. That part of the ad suggests the plaintiffs objected to any type of prayer, which PolitiFact Georgia found is . We rate the Olens statement as .
Statement: Tom Reed "has actually voted for every single trade deal that has ever come before him in any form.
Speaker: john plumb
About the speaker: John Plumb is a Democrat running in the 23rd Congressional District.
Date: August 29, 2016
Location: new york
Topics: jobs;trade
Context: an interview on Capital Tonight
Fact-check justification: In an interview, Plumb said Reed "has actually voted for every single trade deal that has ever come before him in any form." Congress has voted on three trade agreements with other nations since Reed took office in 2011, and a look at the roll calls confirmed he voted for each one. Reed did vote to reauthorize the Export-Import bank. But Plumb got it right when he said the congressman voted for the trade agreements. We rate this  as .
Statement: Marco Rubio voted against funding health clinics that provide critical care during this public health emergency (Zika).
Speaker: naral pro-choice america
About the speaker: NARAL Pro-Choice America, formerly the National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League, is the country's oldest abortion rights advocacy group. It advocates for pro-choice rights on the issues of abortion, birth control, sex education and healthy pregnancies.
Date: September 6, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: abortion;congress;health care
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: NARAL’s TV ad said, "Marco Rubio voted against funding health clinics that provide critical care during this public health emergency (Zika)." The text on the screen stated that Rubio "voted against contraception and family planning." The ad creates a  impression that Rubio’s votes show he is indifferent to funding clinics to combat Zika. Actually, he has repeatedly supported Zika funding requests, including $1.9 billion sought by Obama. The ad cherry-picks votes by zeroing in on Rubio’s votes on measures that would have blocked funding to the Planned Parenthood affiliate in Puerto Rico. The ad doesn’t explain that despite that block, the bill still could have provided money to fight Zika both in Puerto Rico and the United States. Nothing passed due to the gridlock over that issue. As for the statement about Rubio’s voting record, we rate it .
Statement: The Congressional Budget Office says 90% of the revenue generated from the new IRS agents will come from people making less than $200,000 … and the revenue generated will be $300-plus billion.
Speaker: tim scott
About the speaker: Tim Scott, a South Carolina Republican senator, announced he is running for president in May 2023. He joined the Senate in 2013. Scott was previously elected to the Charleston County Council, the South Carolina House of Representatives and the United States House of Representatives.
Date: August 10, 2022
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Scott said the CBO "says 90% of the revenue generated from the new IRS agents will come from people making less than $200,000," and that the government will collect more than $300 billion. The actual revenue estimate is $204 billion. The 90% statistic comes from the Joint Committee on Taxation — not the Congressional Budget Office — and its letter to a member of Congress said nothing about tax audits. Tax experts said it is  to use the letter’s data the way Scott did. It addressed a totally different policy option, and it distorted who might be affected by categorizing taxpayers based on the income they reported, not their real incomes. Scott made it sound as though all taxpayers making less than $200,000 are at risk, but the type of income in the 90% figure represents about 17% of all individual returns filed. We rate this  .
Statement: The City of Chicago is often bailed out by taxpayers in the rest of the State, such as the $221 million bailout for the CPS (Chicago Public Schools) pension system that was signed into law.
Speaker: brad halbrook
About the speaker: Brad Halbrook is a Republican lawmaker from Shelbyville, Ill. representing the 102nd District in the Illinois House of Representatives. His website notes that he "is both socially and fiscally conservative" and supports lowering taxes and increasing jobs. 
Date: February 7, 2019
Location: illinois
Topics: state budget
Context: a resolution
Fact-check justification: Halbrook’s resolution claims that "the City of Chicago is often bailed out by taxpayers in the rest of the State," pointing to the funding CPS received in 2017 to help cover its pension costs. We previously rated a similar   because the measure only provided CPS with financial support the state had long offered to all other districts in the state except Chicago. Halbrook also upped the ante by contending the money for CPS wasn’t an isolated incident, with the state "often" throwing a lifeline to Chicago taxpayers at the expense of those Downstate. He offered no , however, and academic research has found the opposite is . Experts we spoke with summed up the  as a "myth," "clearly not ," and "total nonsense." We have a rating for claims that fit that description: !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Hundreds of thousands of innocent people died" from taking the drug azidothymidine, or AZT.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 5, 2023
Topics: drugs;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: To date, the FDA has approved more than 30 antiretroviral drugs and more than 20 fixed dose combinations to treat HIV/AIDS patients. We rate the  that "hundreds of thousands of innocent people died" from taking AZT .   RELATED: A video clip shows Fauci plotted AIDS pandemic? !
Statement: Alabama is "the most generous state in the union in terms of what we give to charities.
Speaker: luther strange
About the speaker: Sen. Luther Strange, R-Ala., was appointed to fill the U.S. Senate seat vacated by Jeff Sessions, now the attorney general. 
Date: September 21, 2017
Location: national
Topics: families;poverty
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Strange said that Alabama is "the most generous state in the union in terms of what we give to charities." Looking at the monetary side of charity, Alabama does rank high on state-by-state lists, though we couldn’t find one where it placed No. 1 nationally. Utah ranks first in most studies. Meanwhile, if you look instead at volunteer work, Alabama ranks significantly lower than many states. On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Says Mary Landrieu voted to fund benefits for illegal immigrants ahead of veterans.
Speaker: bill cassidy
About the speaker: Bill Cassidy, a Republican, represents a Louisiana disrict in the U.S. House of Representatives. He challenged incumbent Democratic Sen. Mary Landrieu in 2014.
Date: September 19, 2014
Location: national
Topics: immigration;federal budget;message machine 2014;veterans
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: Cassidy said, "I would never put illegal immigrants ahead of veterans. But Mary Landrieu did." There are several problems with this statement. First is the  dichotomy that Landrieu had a choice between funding undocumented immigrants and veterans in the budget agreement. That amendment never actually came up for a vote. But even putting that aside, Cassidy suggests that his position is vastly different than Landrieu. In fact, they both voted in favor of the same budget agreement to reduce future cost-of-living adjustments for veterans benefits (they both also voted to restore them), with Cassidy going on conservative radio to defend these cuts. Cassidy ignores his own record to inaccurately criticize Landrieu’s. That extra level of hypocrisy bumps his  to , and we rate it .
Statement: You can import as many hemp products into this country as you want...but we can't grow it.
Speaker: william devereaux
About the speaker: William P. Devereaux is a Rhode Island lawyer. 
Date: May 10, 2016
Location: rhode island
Topics: drugs;legal issues;marijuana
Context: a legislative hearing
Fact-check justification: but we can’t grow it." He is correct. The Controlled Substances  Act prohibits the growing and selling of hemp, except under very specific circumstances outlined in Obama’s Agricultural Act. U.S. Customs and Border Protection allows for the import of hemp products and seeds, permitted they are "sterilized." We rate this : .   https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/7e31ae32-5f48-4c0b-a9e5-99836a711556