chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The president's budget "would take ... non-defense spending to its lowest level ... as a percentage of the economy since JFK.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 22, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;federal budget;military
Context: remarks at a bill signing
Fact-check justification: Ultimately, we do think that Obama was careful not to over-sell his point. He said that his budget "would reduce ... non-defense discretionary spending to its lowest level as a share of the economy in 50 years." That's more cautious than saying it "will reduce" such spending to a record-low level. But we think it's essential to keep in mind that these are the president's intentions -- not firm data. For that reason, we knock it down a notch to .
Statement: Health insurance costs for Floridians are up 30 percent or more.
Speaker: republican party of florida
About the speaker: The Republican Party of Florida represents Republicans in Florida.
Date: September 23, 2014
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: The Republicans’ ad shows several unidentified people saying that health insurance costs for Floridians are up 30 percent or more. Many reports that cite big double-digit premium increases are based on individual or small-group plans and omit large group plans, the type of coverage many people have through work. Kaiser concluded that in large-group plans, the largest segment in the market, premiums will rise 3 percent. The Republicans’ ad takes anecdotal experiences about cost increases that would be rare but potentially  and creates the impression that the federal health care law is just one big heap of problems for patients without any benefits. Then it tells voters that despite that morass, Crist supports it. People may see increases to their health care costs under the law, but the typical experience is nowhere near what the ad suggests. Indeed, other Floridians will see their costs go down. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Roy Moore said a "practicing Muslim should not be a member of Congress because of his faith.
Speaker: jeff flake
About the speaker: Jeff Flake, a Republican, represents Arizona in the U.S. Senate. He was elected to the Senate in 2012, after serving in the U.S. House.
Date: October 31, 2017
Location: national
Topics: congress;religion
Context: a speech on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: Flake said that Moore had expressed the belief that a "practicing Muslim should not be a member of Congress because of his faith." That’s what Moore wrote in an op-ed in 2006. He said Rep. Ellison should not be seated in Congress solely because he is a Muslim. Moore’s response to recent criticism has been equivocal. In one encounter he said that Muslims could serve in federal office. In another, he said his 2006 op-ed clearly explained his beliefs. There is no question that Flake accurately described what Moore had written. Moore’s comments since then add a touch of uncertainty, but only a touch. We rate this  .
Statement: Less than four cents of every health care dollar is spent on prevention and public health.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: August 13, 2008
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: the Democratic Party platform
Fact-check justification: In 2004 testimony before a Senate subcommittee, Dr. Dean Ornish, a professor of medicine at the University of California San Francisco and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute, described how three-quarters of health-care spending goes toward chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. But he said less than 2 percent was spent on preventing those ailments. We should note, we're not ruling on whether preventive care is cost effective, but rather on the specific  that we're currently spending only 4 percent on it. We would like to be using figures more recent than 1992, but that appears to be the last time researchers used government figures to calculate the percentage of health care spending that goes to prevention. With that in mind, we have to say the Democratic Party platform  is .
Statement: We've seen 115,000 jobs created in the American auto industry since GM and Chrysler emerged from bankruptcy.
Speaker: brian deese
About the speaker: Brian Deese is a deputy director of the White House National Economic Council. Formerly a law student at Yale, Deese was the first member of President Barack Obama’s Auto Task Force.
Date: June 2, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: a telephone news conference
Fact-check justification: So we go back to Deese’s words: "since GM and Chrysler emerged from bankruptcy." GM had not yet climbed out of bankruptcy when Deese starts his count. And that’s important to know because had he started after GM emerged from bankruptcy, the figure for total number of jobs created would have been more than 30,000 fewer. So Deese’s notion is accurate -- but a listener needs that important detail for a full understanding of his . That is exactly how the -O-Meter defines .
Statement: Even among "second and third generation" Muslims in the United States, "there's no real assimilation.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 15, 2016
Topics: immigration;nbc;race and ethnicity;religion
Context: an interview with Fox News' Sean Hannity
Fact-check justification: Trump said that even among "second and third generation" Muslims in the United States, "there's no real assimilation." The data and the experts agree that Trump is . Substantial  confirms that Muslim Americans want to have an American identity and think that doing so is achievable. In fact, their preferences for self-identification mirror those of Christian Americans. The data show that American Muslims want to be both American and Muslim. That’s different than the widely recognized "melting pot" model where immigrants of generations past blended in fully in their new country based on a shared religion and culture. But the reality is that for most Muslim Americans, religion and race would have made it impossible for them to follow that course in the first place. We rate Trump’s statement . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/ccf1be4b-8a88-4196-947c-b78eff07ae33
Statement: Children ages 5 to 9 "are not affected by" the coronavirus.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 22, 2021
Topics: children;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A woman in a video clip widely shared on Facebook stated that children ages 5 to 9 "are not affected by" the coronavirus. Most children who get COVID-19 have mild or no symptoms; severe illness is rare. But more than 3.6 million children have tested positive and at least 297 have died. And children can spread the virus to others, even if they don’t have symptoms, which is a key reason for mask requirements in schools. We rate the statement . Join PolitiFact LIVE on May 10-13 for a festival of fact-checking with Dr. Anthony Fauci. Register today >>
Statement: Says Charlie Crist's campaign bashed Sen. Bill Nelson's "big-government solutions.
Speaker: msnbc
About the speaker: MSNBC is a cable network owned by NBC Universal.
Date: April 25, 2014
Topics: elections;punditfact
Context: a graphic during "The Daily Rundown"
Fact-check justification: MSNBC wrongly attached the words of Scott’s campaign chairman to the Crist campaign. Crist’s campaign chairman did not blast the prospect of Nelson entering the Florida governor’s race. Scott’s did. We rate the  .
Statement: I'm beating (Kelly Ayotte) in the polls by a lot.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 2, 2016
Location: new hampshire
Topics: polls and public opinion
Context: an interview with the Washington Post
Fact-check justification: Trump said he is beating Ayotte in the polls "by a lot." However, Ayotte recent surveys have shown that New Hampshire voters view Ayotte more favorably than Trump. The polls also indicate that Ayotte is locked in a closer race against her Democratic challenger than Trump. We rate Trump’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/cc62323e-c00c-4d16-92e8-219dc78509be
Statement: Three white former police officers were sentenced to less prison time — combined — for killing three Black people than a Black man was for selling marijuana.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 27, 2021
Topics: criminal justice;crime;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post claims the combined prison sentences of three white, former police officers convicted of murder were significantly less than what a Black man received after being convicted for selling marijuana. Thompson, a Black man, was sentenced to up to 60 years for firearms possession by a felon. The sentence for the drug charge was up to 15 years. He served more than 20 years in prison before his sentence was commuted in 2020. Meanwhile, the three white former police officers were given shorter prison sentences than prosecutors sought for their murder convictions. Their combined prison sentences were for 38.5 years.  The  is partly accurate but leaves out significant context about the charges surrounding Thompson’s sentence. We rate it .
Statement: Over the past 35 years, Florida families have paid into the (National Flood Insurance Program) over $16 billion, four times more than the amount they have received in claim reimbursements.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: September 17, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: environment;housing;states;weather
Context: a letter to Florida's U.S. senators
Fact-check justification: Scott said "Over the past 35 years, Florida families have paid into the NFIP (National Flood Insurance Program) over $16 billion, four times more than the amount they have received in  reimbursements." A study from the Wharton Center concluded that Florida’s "policyholders paid $16.1 billion in premiums but collected only $4.5 billion in claims reimbursements: that is, premiums paid over time were about 3.6 times the insurance reimbursements." That statistic from the study covered 1978-2008, but it’s likely the trend has continued through 2012. The only key point that Scott omits is that this imbalance is common: Lots of states pay more in premiums than they receive in claims. A major storm could change that dynamic, and the purpose of insurance is to protect against such an event. We rate this  .
Statement: In 1990, the U.S. led the world in the percentage of 25-34 year olds with college degrees. Today we are in 12th place.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: December 5, 2014
Location: national
Topics: education
Context: a meme on social media
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that "in 1990, the U.S. led the world in the percentage of 25-34 year olds with college degrees. Today we are in 12th place." There are some quirks in the data, but experts agree that the general trend line is roughly as Sanders says it is. The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: Says McCain was a "Hanoi Hilton songbird" who collaborated with the enemy.
Speaker: vietnam veterans against john mccain
About the speaker: Vietnam Veterans Against John McCain is a group that opposes Sen. John McCain.
Date: January 15, 2008
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: South Carolina
Fact-check justification: Timberg said he was perplexed by the allegations. "Why do they hate him? There can be lots of issues you disagree with him about. But why try to destroy him?" Because of the seriousness of the charge, the utter absence of  and the clear intention to harm McCain just days before a critical Republican primary, we find this  to be  .
Statement: Eagles fans shout F— Joe Biden while Jill Biden attends NFL game!
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: October 18, 2022
Location: national
Topics: sports;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Another said, "Here’s the thing . . . if she cared and wasn’t following a script or being endorsed, any normal human being would be furious and show it. "  The fact-checking team at Verify did an audio analysis of the video. The booing comes from an hourlong YouTube video , and footage of a crowd chanting an expletive about Biden is real , but it’s from a compilation of crowds chanting at different college football games.   We rate the  that Philadelphia Eagles fans were chanting expletives at Jill Biden !
Statement: Only 16% Of Canadians Would SUPPORT Trudeau After Trucker Protest!
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 15, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a video post
Fact-check justification: And on Feb. 14, the Angus Reid Institute found that about 65% of Canadians believed that Trudeau’s comments and actions had worsened the situation. Overall, the same poll found , 40% of Canadians approved of the prime minister and 57% disapproved. We didn’t find any survey results reflecting that only 16% of Canadians supported Trudeau overall.   The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate this post .
Statement: Today California is kicking our butt, creating more jobs and more economic growth than Texas.
Speaker: julián castro
About the speaker: Julián Castro is a former U.S. secretary of Housing & Urban Development. He was the youngest member of Barack Obama’s cabinet, serving from 2014 to 2017. Just before he became secretary of HUD, he was the mayor of San Antonio, elected in 2009. Castro received a bachelor’s degree in political science and communications from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out on Jan. 2, 2020.
Date: June 17, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: economy;jobs;states
Context: comments at Texas Democratic Party convention
Fact-check justification: Castro said that "today," California is "creating more jobs and more economic growth than Texas." These fightin’ words hold up based on recent jobs growth and relative changes in GDP and personal income. Still (just a tad whiney here) would it hurt to acknowledge that Texas continues to enjoy a lower unemployment rate? We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/d4bc09e3-1eeb-40d9-bf5b-e9623d046118
Statement: The director of the FBI said that we cannot figure out who (Syrian refugees) are, what their intentions are, because we have no information on them, because we don't have any contact with the Syrian government or any people on the ground to be able to determine that.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: October 20, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: immigration;human rights;foreign policy;terrorism
Context: Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Portman said, "The director of the FBI said that we cannot figure out who (Syrian refugees) are, what their intentions are, because we have no information on them, because we don’t have any contact with the Syrian government or any people on the ground to be able to determine that." Portman had a point that Comey expressed concerns about information gaps on potential Syrian refugees. However, he exaggerated the extent of Comey’s concerns when he said that Comey indicated that "we cannot figure out" who they are, and that we have "no information on them." All told, Comey said the vetting process is thorough, but imperfect. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details, so we rate it .
Statement: President Obama's proposal calls for serious cuts in our own long-term carbon emissions," but China and India will still be allowed to increase their emissions.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: December 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change;energy
Context: the 'Washington Post'
Fact-check justification: Koomey, like many climate scientists, say overall cuts -- even from developing countries -- are necessary to really slow down climate change. While the United States' proposed cuts are more stringent than those proposed by China or India, they're less aggressive than the 25 to 50 percent emissions reduction scientists say countries must adopt to hold global average temperature increases to about 2 degrees Celsius. So, where does that leave Palin's ? She's correct that China and India's plans will allow them to increase emissions, while the United States would have to cut back. For this , Palin gets a .
Statement: Says federal spending has increased 21 percent over the past three years.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: December 17, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: deficit;economy;federal budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: The increase in the previous cycle, 2007-2010, was more than 27 percent. Portman's figure on spending was correct. But it is significant that the spending crosses administrations and is demonstrably tied to the faltering economy. That’s additional information that provides clarification. On the -O-Meter, we rate his  .
Statement: Georgia ranks 49th for women serving in elected state and federal offices.
Speaker: institute for women's policy research
About the speaker: women's policy research is their primary focus.
Date: May 20, 2015
Location: georgia
Topics: congress;elections;race and ethnicity;states;women
Context: a new report
Fact-check justification: "Their perspective is more broad and encompassing and many times more collaborative," she said. Our conclusion: A new report from the Institute for Women’s Policy Research says Georgia is 49th among the 50 states for women serving in elected state and federal offices. It cites the state’s all-male congressional delegation, its 77 percent-male Legislature and its lack of any women in statewide elected office. Other sources report similar data. We rate the statement as .
Statement: Says "as Co-Chair of the Joint Ways & Means Committee, I secured the key piece of funding for" the Portland-Milwaukie Light Rail project bridge.
Speaker: mary nolan
About the speaker: Mary Nolan represents Southwest Portland in the Oregon House of Representatives. She has said she will run for a seat on the Portland City Council in 2012
Date: September 28, 2012
Location: oregon
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: a post on her website
Fact-check justification: Clark, the lobbyist, recalled a similar negotiation when we spoke with her earlier. Nolan said she "secured the key piece of funding" for the  Portland-Milwaukie Light Rail project bridge. It might be nice if that read "helped secure" instead -- it was certainly a group effort. But based on committee assignments and interviews with two people closest to the negotiations, it does appear that Nolan played a key role. We rate this  .
Statement: Supported in-state tuition in Arkansas for illegal immigrants "if you'd sat in our schools from the time you're 5 or 6 years old and you had become an A-plus student," among other things.
Speaker: mike huckabee
About the speaker: Mike Huckabee ran for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. He is a former governor of Arkansas; he also sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2008. He left hosting a self-titled television show on Fox News in January 2015.
Date: November 28, 2007
Location: national
Topics: immigration
Context: St. Petersburg
Fact-check justification: Huckabee conflates the proposed law with rules for the scholarship, which does have requirements for a core curriculum and drug-testing. Maybe Huckabee was confused on which programs he was talking about; he had mentioned the Academic Challenge Scholarship by name a few moments earlier. But even granting a mix-up, Huckabee is plain  about the A-plus average — the scholarship requires a 3.0 out of 4.0. And there's no requirement for attending state schools since age 5 or 6. We award Huckabee a .