chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Household income in America has gone down for families an average of $4,000 in the last four years" while it " went up $5,000" under Mitt Romney when he was governor of Massachusetts
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: August 27, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;federal budget;income
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Earlier in the campaign, when Romney made these two claims separately, we found them partially accurate. But when they are combined, they leave a  impression of polar-opposite trend lines because one is adjusted for inflation, while the other is not. Applying the same inflation-adjusted methodology that Ryan chose to show the $4,000 household income drop under Obama, median incomes actually fell $589 under Romney during his earlier stint as governor. Ryan also affixes too much blame or credit on the pair for the trends. We rate this statement .
Statement: I've got the spending down, I've got the debt down a little bit, I've got the reserves up.
Speaker: mark harris
About the speaker: Mark Harris, a Wisconsin Democrat, served as mayor of Oshkosh, where he also served on the city council, and as a county supervisor in Winnebago County. He has served as the Winnebago County Executive since being elected in 2005. He was the 2014 Democratic nominee for the seat being vacated by Republican U.S. Rep. Tom Petri, and lost in the general election to State Senator Glenn Grothman. He formerly practiced as a lawyer and certified public accountant.
Date: July 20, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: county budget;county government;debt;state budget;taxes
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: He makes the best case on reserves, which clearly have risen. Spending is down when viewed narrowly. The debt burden has dropped by some measures but not by all. Harris deserves some credit for the trends, but not all. We rate his  .
Statement: Says that "Tennessee law requires that schools receive half of proceeds -- $31 million per year" -- from a half-cent increase in the Shelby County sales tax.
Speaker: stand for children tennessee
About the speaker: Stand For Children is a special-interest group pushing child and education issues.
Date: October 24, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: county budget;county government;education;taxes
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: There is clearly much for voters to consider on the referendum to increase by a half-cent the county's sales tax rate, and the contentiousness related to the Shelby County's reorganization of  public schools has created some confusion for voters. On one of the most crucial issues, Stand For Children claims half the proceeds from the local option sales tax must go to schools. The statute is definitive and the  is .
Statement: Milwaukee is "the most segregated city in America.
Speaker: jesse jackson
About the speaker: The Rev. Jesse Jackson, one of the nation’s most recognized civil rights leaders, is founder and president of the Rainbow PUSH Coalition, a civil rights organization in Chicago. He was a Democratic candidate for president in 1984 and 1988.
Date: April 4, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: civil rights;labor;state budget
Context: a TV interview, as well as other venues
Fact-check justification: He didn’t define what he meant by segregated, but he referred to a study that measured segregation among whites and blacks. While some may disagree with the measure used in the study, the approach has been recognized as a standard for decades. By that measure Milwaukee ranked No. 1 in white-black segregation. Jackson’s  was accurate, although it needed some clarification, particularly in that the segregation measure is for the metropolitan area, not just the city. We rate it .
Statement: An Obama campaign tactic for rallying voters is to "offer them cell phones.
Speaker: adam putnam
About the speaker: Adam Putnam lost the Republican primary for Florida governor to U.S. Rep. Ron DeSantis in 2018. A former Republican Congressman from Congressional District 12 in Central Florida, was elected Florida Commissioner of Agriculture on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014.
Date: October 31, 2012
Location: national
Topics: negative campaigning
Context: at a Romney campaign rally
Fact-check justification: Putnam told Romney supporters that the Obama campaign is offering cell phones to get its voters to the polls. Internet chatter claiming that Obama gave cell phones to welfare recipients contained a tiny grain of : The federal government does have a program to subsidize phone service for low-income people. That program, though, existed long before Obama became president. Putnam then squeezed all reality out of the story, twisting it into an allegation of dirty campaigning. He has since acknowledged the statement was  -- but not before announcing it at a high-profile presidential campaign rally. We rate his statement !
Statement: We came out of the White House not only dead broke, but in debt.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: June 9, 2014
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;elections
Context: an interview on ABC
Fact-check justification: Hillary Clinton said she and Bill were in debt and dead broke when they left the White House. The public record shows that they possibly had more liabilities than assets, but it doesn’t show that conclusively. More important, a balance sheet does not tell the full story and the experts we reached said the Clintons’ earning potential had a real economic value that the financial sector traditionally acknowledges and is willing to bank on. A few weeks before they left the White House, the Clintons were able to muster a cash down payment of $855,000 and secure a $1.995 million mortgage. This hardly fits the common meaning of "dead broke." We rate the   .
Statement: Congress' approval rating is 11 percent. You know who's higher? Dick Cheney and HMOs.
Speaker: bill richardson
About the speaker: Bill Richardson is the former governor of New Mexico, having served two terms in that position from 2003-2011. Richardson is also a former congressman, U.S. secretary of energy, and ambassador to the United Nations. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008, and was President Barack Obama’s initial nominee for secretary of commerce in 2009.
Date: November 15, 2007
Location: national
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: In fact, in that poll, both senators and congressman rated higher than HMO managers. Senators were at 15 percent and congressman were at 14 percent. So Richardson is  on all counts. Congress and Cheney are arguably neck-and-neck for approval ratings, while HMO managers lag behind. We rate his  .
Statement: We have flown a Boeing 737 across the Atlantic Ocean on biofuels. We have flown F-18s.
Speaker: jay inslee
About the speaker: Jay Inslee is the governor of Washington. He was elected as governor in 2012. From 1993 to 1995, Inslee represented Washington’s 4th Congressional District. He represented Washington’s 1st Congressional District from 1999 to 2012. While representing the 1st district, he served on the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Inslee received his bachelor’s degree in economics and a J.D. from Willamette University School of Law. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in August.
Date: March 19, 2019
Location: national
Topics: environment;climate change;military
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Inslee said, "We have flown a Boeing 737 across the Atlantic Ocean on biofuels. We have flown F-18s." The Navy made history in 2010 when it flew an F-18 supersonic jet on biofuels. We found numerous transatlantic flights that have been powered by biofuels, too. We weren’t able to find instances where Boeing 737s had done so, but those are similar to other aircraft we documented.   We rate this .
Statement: Dr. Anthony Fauci "has known for 15 years that chloroquine and … hydroxychloroquine will not only treat a current case of coronavirus but prevent future cases.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: April 27, 2020
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks;punditfact;coronavirus
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: One News Now wrote that Fauci "has known for 15 years that chloroquine and … hydroxychloroquine will not only treat a current case of coronavirus but prevent future cases." The website cited a study that has to do with SARS, not the novel coronavirus. It was published in 2005 in Virology Journal, which is not the "official publication" of the NIH.  While the study found that chloroquine helped inhibit the spread of SARS in cell cultures, those results do not suggest that the drug is an effective treatment for SARS or COVID-19. As of now, there is no approved treatment or vaccine for either coronavirus. The One News Now article is . We rate it .
Statement: Republicans "created a trillion dollar prescription drug entitlement program without paying for it.
Speaker: bobby scott
About the speaker: Bobby Scott, D-3rd, has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1993. The district is comprised of all of Charles City and Surry counties and Petersburg and Portsmouth and portions of Henrico and Prince George counties and Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk and Richmond. Scott has seats on the Judiciary and Education and Labor committees.
Scott previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1979-83 and in the state Senate in 1983-93. He was a member of the National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve. He was a lawyer in a private practice from 1973-91.
Scott was born in Washington, D.C. He earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., in 1969 and a law degree from Boston College in 1973.
Date: November 16, 2010
Location: virginia
Topics: deficit;federal budget;health care
Fact-check justification: The  cost of the program is unknown since it will continue to grow. In fact, the Government Accountability Office shows that the cost could exceed $7 trillion in 75 years. If we use a 10-year cost measure, Scott would be  looking over the first decade of the program, which is estimated to cost shy of $500 billion.   But if we look at the cost over the next 10 years, Scott is close to correct based on current projections. So we find the  to be .
Statement: Since Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker took office, "we are losing jobs at rates not seen in decades.
Speaker: kathleen falk
About the speaker: Kathleen Falk, a Wisconsin Democrat, lost a bid in 2012 for the Democratic nomination to run against Gov. Scott Walker in a recall election. Falk served as the Dane County executive from 1997 to 2011. She ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2002 and for state attorney general in 2006.
Date: December 6, 2011
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs
Context: an opinion column
Fact-check justification: Falk said that despite Walker's  to being focused on job creation, since he took office in January 2011, "we are losing jobs at rates not seen in decades" -- suggesting that job losses overall are the highest in decades. But the  she provided cites only public-sector jobs. Overall, the state has seen a net gain in jobs since Walker took office. And in the months when jobs have declined under Walker, we have to go back only two years to find job losses at a greater rate. We rate Falk's statement .
Statement: We have doubled our (oil) imports from Russia in the last year.
Speaker: maria bartiromo
About the speaker: Maria Bartiromo is host of CNBC's On the Money with Maria Baritromo and a co-host of Closing Bell. She previously worked for CNN.
Date: February 22, 2022
Topics: energy;foreign policy;pundits;punditfact;russia
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: The U.S. increased its Russian oil imports by about 28% last year. That’s a notable increase, but it’s not double. Bartiromo has more of a point when looking at only crude oil imported from Russia in 2021, which has more than doubled. But Russia accounted for about 3% of overall U.S. crude oil imports in 2021 — a 2 percentage point increase from 2020.   We rate this  .
Statement: Dominion Voting Systems "deleted 2.7 million Trump votes nationwide.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 12, 2020
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump said in a tweet that a voting technology company deleted millions of votes that were cast for him during the presidential election. That  is not based in fact. The president’s tweet traces back to an unsubstantiated  on a pro-Trump website that cited Edison Research. But Edison Research told us they have found no  of voter fraud. Dominion, state election officials and federal officials say there’s no  that millions of votes were miscounted. Trump’s  is  and . We rate it !
Statement: In 1950, the average American lived for 68 years and 16 workers supported one retiree. Today, the average life expectancy is 78 and three workers support one retiree.
Speaker: frank wolf
About the speaker: Frank Wolf, R-10th, has been a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1981. The 10th District stretches from McLean to Winchester. Wolf sits on the House Appropriations Committee, where he is the Chairman of the Commerce, Justice and Science subcommittee. In addition, he is the co-chairman of the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission, a bipartisan organization made up of more than 200 members of Congress who work together to raise awareness about international human rights issues. Wolf announced in December 2013 that he would not run for re-election in 2014.
Wolf served as a lawyer in the U.S. Army Reserves. He lost the first two congressional elections he ran in before winning in 1980.
Wolf was born in 1939 in Philadelphia. He received his undergraduate degree from Penn State University in 1961 and his law degree from Georgetown University in 1965. 
Date: February 17, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: retirement;social security
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: Wolf said that 60 years ago, the average life expectancy was 68 years at a time when 16 workers supported each retiree on Social Security. Today, he said, the life expectancy is 78 and three workers support one retiree. He’s right on the numbers and highlighting a demographic challenge the Social Security Administration acknowledges is placing greater demands on the system. His statement is .
Statement: Miami-Dade has "the nation's highest-rated tap water.
Speaker: miami-dade county
About the speaker: Miami-Dade County encompasses more than 2,000 square miles and is bounded by Biscayne Bay and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Everglades National Park to the west, the Florida Keys to the south, and Broward County to the North. The largest city in the county is Miami. The county is governed by a county mayor and board of county commissioners.
Date: July 9, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: environment;county budget;water
Context: a county budget document
Fact-check justification: A Miami-Dade County budget document claimed that the county has "the nation’s highest-rated tap water." A county spokeswoman said that statement was an error. The water department more typically talks about the "high quality" of the water without making a national comparison. An article in Forbes concluded the Miami/Fort Lauderdale area was fourth in water quality based on a 2007 University of Cincinnati study of 12 contaminants. A more thorough national analysis by the Environmental Working Group ranked Miami-Dade County at 46th in 2009. The  is , but it isn’t so  to earn our lowest  rating. We’re still going to end with one more joke and pour a cold bucket of tap water to douse this . We rate this  .
Statement: A $10 million fire fee proposal in St. Petersburg was "inspired" by Gov. Rick Scott.
Speaker: fact check florida
About the speaker: Fact Check Florida (not to be confused with, well, PolitiFact Florida) is an electioneering communications organization, or ECO, that supports liberal candidates for local office. In 2013, the group sent out mailers to St. Petersburg residents attacking Mayor Bill Foster.
Date: October 11, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: city budget;city government;taxes
Context: a flier
Fact-check justification: A mailpiece attempts to connect Foster’s rejected proposal for a fire readiness fee with Scott. This is junk mail. We rate it !
Statement: Says he lived up to a 2008 promise when he "closed corporate tax loopholes that were sending profits overseas.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 3, 2012
Location: national
Topics: corporations;economy;message machine 2012;taxes
Context: a web video advertisement
Fact-check justification: While there is some  to the  that Obama signed legislation that "closed corporate tax loopholes that were sending profits overseas," experts say the law by itself doesn’t live up to Obama’s promise in Iowa to "be a president who ends the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas." Incentives deeply embedded in the tax code still exist. We rate the statement .
Statement: Enacting the Right-to-Carry Act would amount to "expanding the rights of sex offenders, terrorists, child predators, and abusers to carry concealed weapons across state lines.''
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: November 18, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: legal issues;crime;public safety;guns
Context: a fundraising letter
Fact-check justification: Cicilline said the Right-to-Carry bill would expand rights of "sex offenders, terrorists, child predators, and abusers to carry concealed weapons across state lines." In three categories -- sex offenders, child predators and abusers -- we agreed that in some narrow exceptions involving misdemeanor crimes, his statement was . But we found that his statement didn’t meet the test on the fourth. To apply the "terrorist" label to all 400,000 people on the government’s watchlist, or to those convicted of a misdemeanor "terroristic" threat, is, at best, an exaggeration.   Further, by saying the Republicans "chose to focus their efforts" on expanding the gun rights of "sex offenders, terrorists, child predators, and abusers," he implied, with a heavy dose of hyperbole, that this was their intent. Because the statement "is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context," we rule it . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: Prairie State power plant is the cleanest coal-fired power plant in the nation.
Speaker: rodney davis
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Rodney Davis represents the 13th Congressional District of Illinois. Prior to being elected to the U.S. House in 2012, Davis served as projects director for former U.S. Rep. John Shimkus for 16 years.
Date: June 21, 2021
Location: illinois
Topics: environment;energy
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Davis said the Prairie State power plant is "the cleanest" coal-fired power plant in the nation. His office did not respond to our inquiry asking for  to back that up. Experts told us there are multiple metrics by which to assess how "clean" a coal plant is, but federal data shows Prairie State does not come out at or near the top on any of them. We rate Davis’  !  — The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here  for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Latinos are 17 percent of our country's population but hold only 2 percent of its wealth.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: September 15, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;families;income;race and ethnicity;population;poverty
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "Latinos are 17 percent of our country's population but hold only 2 percent of its wealth." Census Bureau data confirm the 17 percent. Federal reserve data from 2010 and more recent data from 2013 show that the 2 percent figure is on target as well. We rate the  as .
Statement: Ohio replaced lethal injection "with a system that quickly and humanely rips off the heads of death-row inmates using powerful robotic arms.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: July 12, 2023
Topics: criminal justice;facebook fact-checks
Context: a video shared on Instagram
Fact-check justification: Please do NOT believe everything you see on the internet. "  PolitiFact found the original video , which The Onion published in 2014. Although it is a truncated clip, the video shared on Instagram matches the video published on The Onion’s site exactly. The Onion’s logo appears in the bottom right hand corner. We rate posts sharing this video without clearly indicating that it is satire !