chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Cranston's 2014-2015 "budget funds 100 percent of the local police and fire pension and other retiree benefit costs.
Speaker: allan fung
About the speaker: Allan Fung has been mayor of Cranston, R.I. since Jan. 5, 2009. In 2014 he made an unsuccessful run for governor as a Republican. He received his law degree from Suffolk University, worked as a prosecutor for the state attorney general's office, served as a lobbyist for MetLife and served two terms on the Cranston City Council, beginning in 2002. In his 2012 reelection bid, he was unopposed.
Date: June 26, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: economy;income;labor;pensions;unions;workers;taxes
Context: a letter to taxpayers
Fact-check justification: Cranston Mayor Allan Fung said, "Our budget funds 100 percent of the local police and fire pension and other retiree benefit costs." The city is making the minimum required payments for retirement benefits through the state-run MERS system and to pay down this year's share of the bill for the huge long-term liability incurred by the city's older police and fire pension systems. But his statement could lead a reader to conclude that 100 percent of the city’s $231 million debt for the old plans is covered by this year's budget when, in fact, the only thing the city is paying in full is this year's installment on a plan that won't retire that debt for another 28 years. Because the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information, we rate it  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Most people below $50,000 don't pay any income tax. The top 1 percent in our country pay 40%.
Speaker: rand paul
About the speaker: Rand Paul, a U.S. senator from Kentucky elected in 2010. He ran for president in 2016 before dropping out to seek re-election to the Senate. Paul is a medical doctor and an ophthalmologist. His father is Ron Paul, a 2008 presidential candidate and a former member of Congress from Texas. 
Date: October 11, 2019
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: an interview on ABC's "The View"
Fact-check justification: Paul said that "most people below $50,000 don’t pay any income tax. The top 1 percent in our country pay 40%." Because he limited his comments to the federal income tax, Paul’s numbers are broadly accurate, and they even underplay the tax burden on the top 1%. The picture shifts once you include other types of federal taxation. Those below $50,000 still pay a small share of the full federal tax burden, but the share paid by the top 1% falls to about 30%. So Paul’s statement is accurate but needs additional information. We rate the statement .
Statement: Cellphones can be used to pop popcorn kernels.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 9, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a reel
Fact-check justification: The video is one of four popcorn videos that drew media attention in June 2008. They were traced back to a pair of French YouTube accounts, the Guardian reported then. Later that month, Cardo System, a Bluetooth headset maker, revealed that they were produced by a marketing agency for a marketing campaign.    Lou Bloomfield, a University of Virginia physics professor, told Wired in 2008 that it’s physically impossible for phones to pop kernels as the video portrays.   We rate claims that this video actually shows cellphones popping popcorn kernels .
Statement: Adding ethanol to gas "raises food costs.
Speaker: james durkan
About the speaker: James Durkan is running in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate, challenging the incumbent Bob Corker.
Date: April 6, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: agriculture;energy
Context: a statement on his campaign website
Fact-check justification: Studies show increased ethanol production has driven up the price of corn and other food commodities, such as soybeans, meat, poultry and dairy products. That, in turn, has contributed to a higher retail price of food. Yet those same studies show that other factors, particularly energy prices, have an even bigger impact on the cost of food than ethanol production. We rate the  . *The Tennessee Secretary of State's office now tells us that James Durkan did not file for U.S. Senate and is not a candidate. Durkan told us the day after the April 5 filing deadline that he had indeed filed and didn't understand why his name was not on the Secretary of State's list of candidates for the office. Durkan said he could not remember exactly when he filed his paperwork, but thought it was sometime in 2010. But Blake Fontenay, a spokesman for the Secretary of State's office, told us in an email on April 11 that candidates can start filing qualifying petitions up to 90 days before the filing deadline. Fontenay said Durkan missed the deadline to pick up a petition and file. Contacted again and asked for clarification, Durkan said simply: "We have no comment, sir."
Statement: There are precious few religions that actually say you cannot" get vaccinated.
Speaker: anthony fauci
About the speaker: Since 1984, Dr. Anthony Fauci has served as director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, a federal agency.
Date: October 3, 2021
Location: national
Topics: corrections and updates;religion;coronavirus
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: Fauci said that very few religions prohibit vaccination. A survey of religious beliefs by Vanderbilt University backs that up. The survey named five religions that stand against vaccinations, and 24 that accept them. Fauci acknowledged that assessing a person’s religious beliefs can be complicated. The standard for American courts is not a formal stance by a religious organization but whether a person’s belief is genuinely religious and sincere.  Fauci’s statement is correct, but there’s a lot more to unpack. We rate this  .
Statement: We (Democrats) have made steady progress creating jobs and improving our schools.
Speaker: armond budish
About the speaker: Rep. Armond Budish, a Democrat from Beachwood, Ohio, formerly was speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives. Be became the minority leader in 2011 after Republicans regained control of the House in the 2010 elections.
Date: November 17, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: education;jobs
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: College tuition The last state budget did freeze college tuition costs, a move engineered by the Strickland and the House Democrats. So let’s check the tally. To evaluate Budish’s original  — "We have made steady progress creating jobs and improving our schools" – we’ve looked at each of these five supporting items which Budish provided. And with all but the last one, there were additional critical details you needed to know to have a full understanding of the context, especially Budish’s assertion about tax credits. On that score, PolitiFact Ohio rates his overall statement .
Statement: Nine out of the 10 poorest states are Red states.
Speaker: occupy democrats
About the speaker: Occupy Democrats, founded in 2012, is an advocacy group created to counterbalance the Republican tea party, and to "give President Obama and other progressive Democrats a Congress that will work with them to grow the economy, create jobs, promote fairness and fight inequality, and get money out of politics!"
Date: December 26, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: corrections and updates;economy;elections;income;poverty;wealth
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: In addition, states where a lot of poor people are getting government assistance may look less poor in the supplemental ranking. Ultimately, each measure of the poorest states has its drawbacks. But the supplemental poverty measure offers a reason to temper the  from traditional measures that demonstrate the statement to be . For that reason, we rule the "9 in 10"  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Texas added 6,600 miles of highway from 2001-2012, more than any other state.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: January 7, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: infrastructure;states;transportation
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Perry tweeted, "Texas has added more than 6,600 new highway miles from 2001-2012, more than any other state over that time." This raw calculation stands up; Texas was No. 1 in total lane miles added. But Texas is also nearly the biggest state. Adjusting for states’ differences in population and geographic area shows Texas’ change in highway miles was the 16th largest gain per square mile of area and the state came in 42nd when ranked on the change in highway miles per resident. We rate his statement as .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: As many as six federal department budget bills have been delayed because of opposition to amendments that would ban Confederate battle flag sales at federal building gift shops.
Speaker: lloyd doggett
About the speaker: Rep. Lloyd Doggett was initially elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994.
Date: September 3, 2015
Location: texas
Topics: congress;federal budget;history
Context: San Antonio
Fact-check justification: Doggett said in San Antonio that House votes on up to six federal department budget bills had been delayed because of opposition to amendments that would ban Confederate battle flag sales at federal building gift shops. When he spoke, the House had yet to vote on six 2016 spending measures. During floor debate, a stand-off about Democratic amendments restricting displays and sales of the Confederate flag--including a proposal barring the park service from enlisting concessionaires selling the flags--evidently derailed the Interior appropriations act with expected House action on two other spending acts reportedly put off. Still, other factors—such as general reluctance among House leaders to send spending proposals to the potentially unfriendly Senate—may figure into the body’s inaction on the six measures. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: People who stole U.S. Postal Service uniforms are posing as postal workers and robbing people at gunpoint.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: December 19, 2022
Topics: crime;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The inspector said she doesn’t think there’s a postal service uniform store there. We didn’t find  of one, either.   Searching for news articles about  postal workers robbing people at gunpoint, we found only coverage of mail carriers themselves being held up.   If  emerges to corroborate this , we’ll reconsider our ruling. For now, it’s .
Statement: Things went wrong with the Medicare prescription D plan that George Bush rolled out.
Speaker: steve israel
About the speaker: Rep. Steve Israel is a Democrat representing the third district of New York and the chairman of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Commitee.
Date: November 6, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare;retirement;technology
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Israel said, "Things went  with the Medicare prescription D plan that George Bush rolled out." There definitely were problems, and in some cases, the parallels between the prescription benefit program’s introduction and the Obamacare marketplaces are strikingly similar. While we also found some serious differences in the laws, we can’t find fault with Israel’s fairly general statement. We rate his statement .
Statement: You are prohibited from walking into the Capitol with a gun, but you can go after the County Commission or the School Board.
Speaker: jim waldman
About the speaker: State Rep. James "Jim" Waldman, D-Coconut Creek, was first elected to the Legislature in 2006 and is the former mayor of  Coconut Creek.
Date: October 24, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: government regulation;guns
Context: a news blog
Fact-check justification: Waldman said: "You are prohibited from walking into the Capitol with a gun, but you can go after the County Commission or the School Board." On the first half of the sentence Waldman spoke too broadly -- permit holders can walk into the Capitol with a gun but can't carry that gun into a meeting of the House or Senate. And it's clear that you can't carry a gun into a meeting of the county commission or school board but at least some government attorneys interpret the law to mean you can carry your gun into a commissioner's office at city or county hall. We rate this  .
Statement: Says the proposed Texas Privacy Act "is very different from" North Carolina's law "in that theirs covers a whole list of things that the Texas Privacy Act does not.
Speaker: lois kolkhorst
About the speaker: Lois Kolkhorst of Brenham, a former Texas House member, won election to the Texas Senate in December 2014.  She's formerly the chairwoman of the House Committee on Public Health. Her family runs Kolkhorst Petroleum in Navasota, according to biographical information on her campaign website.
Date: February 6, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: criminal justice;crime;sexuality
Context: a Texas Capitol press conference
Fact-check justification: Kolkhorst said her proposed Texas Privacy Act "is very different from" North Carolina’s law "in that theirs covers a whole list of things that the Texas Privacy Act does not." Both the North Carolina law and the Texas bill mandate policies preventing state and local government entities including public schools from letting transgender residents enter bathrooms of choice. But the Texas proposal lacks North Carolina’s section on wages and it doesn’t have North Carolina’s language barring anyone from going to state court to allege discrimination due to the law. Also unlike HB 2, SB 6 doesn’t unplug all local ordinances pertaining to discriminatory practices in public accommodation. On balance, we rate this  .  – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/57d7eb38-3b12-40e7-b27b-f20c967e236e
Statement: Twice as many children are in Border Patrol custody under Biden than Trump peak in 2019.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: March 30, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;border security
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "  Our ruling  Abbott said in a tweet that twice as many unaccompanied children are in Border Patrol custody presently than during the peak number seen in 2019 under Trump.    Numbers from U.S. Customs and Border Protection verify this .  The Trump administration recorded 2,600 minors in Border Patrol custody in June 2019, which was the highest amount seen during Trump’s term.   As of March 29, 5,160 minors were in Border Patrol custody waiting to be transferred to the Office of Refugee Resettlement, which is 40 minors short of double 2,600.   We rate this  .
Statement: When you can't find gas, remember who executively ordered the Keystone Pipeline to close.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 10, 2021
Location: national
Topics: gas prices
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post suggests that shortages of gasoline are due to an executive order closing the Keystone pipeline. The post is not accurate. Biden’s executive order halted construction on Keystone XL, an extension to the Keystone pipeline, but did not not close the Keystone pipeline, which is still operating.  The Keystone pipeline does not carry gasoline. It carries crude oil to refineries and terminals.  The gasoline shortages and price spikes on the East Coast are due to the temporary shutdown of the Colonial Pipeline, whose operator was targeted in a cyberattack on May 7. They are not due to a shortage of crude oil. There’s no connection between Biden’s Keystone XL order and the supply shortages that resulted from the Colonial Pipeline attack. We rate this  .
Statement: Says a federal program that collects reported side-effects of vaccinations doesn't accept possible outcomes extending to road accidents, heart attacks or suicides.
Speaker: bill zedler
About the speaker: Bill Zedler, who hails from Tarrant County, is a multi-term member of the Texas House.
Date: April 25, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: health care;public health
Context: his responses to a physician testifying before the Texas House Committee on Public Health
Fact-check justification: Zedler said a federal program that compiles reported side-effects of vaccinations doesn’t take in reports of extreme results such as road accidents, heart attacks and suicides. It looks to us, from our sampling, that some results such as suicides are rarely reported as related to vaccinations. Still, the CDC-run VAERS evidently accepts reports of all kinds of outcomes from all corners, though having a submission accepted doesn't equal federal confirmation that a vaccination caused any effects. Further investigation might. We rate Zedler's  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Smoke that covered New York, New Jersey and Connecticut after the Canadian wildfires "was a planned operation in geoengineering.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: June 9, 2023
Topics: climate change;fires;weather;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Seeing no  that geoengineering caused the smoke, we rate the post . RELATED: How climate change is making wildfires worse RELATED: No, this video doesn’t show that weapons ignited Canada’s wildfires RELATED: No  wildfires in Canada were set intentionally
Statement: The Georgia Lottery Corp. has only once in the past 16 years paid out the agreed upon 35 percent of proceeds to the account which funds the HOPE scholarship.
Speaker: allie mccullen
About the speaker: Allie McCullen is a statewide organizer with Georgia Students for Public Higher Education and a senior at the University of Georgia.
Date: March 2, 2011
Location: georgia
Topics: education
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: If McCullen had said the Georgia Lottery Corp. has not hit its target of 35 percent since 1997, the accuracy of her statement would have hinged on what "as nearly as practical" means and why the legislation even included the number 35 percent. The legislators who PolitiFact spoke with agreed that the number was included for a reason and the corporation has not come close to reaching that target in recent years. But, alas, McCullen said that in the past 16 years the Georgia Lottery Corp. met the 35 percent goal only once, but it has met the target three times. So she has a better chance of winning the lottery than receiving a  on the -O-Meter. We rate her statement .
Statement: In other jurisdictions where (a domestic partnership registry) has been enacted, we have seen that fewer people enter into marriage.
Speaker: florida conference of catholic bishops
About the speaker: This group lobbies state government on behalf of the Catholic Bishops of Florida.
Date: February 19, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: lgbtq;marriage
Context: a committee hearing on domestic partnerships
Fact-check justification: In opposing a bill that would allow for domestic partnerships statewide, Sheedy of the Florida Conference of Catholic Bishops said, "In other jurisdictions where this has been enacted, we have seen that fewer people enter into marriage." For domestic partnerships, he has offered no support in the United States, and no experts we consulted could find reports that vouch for that effect. In some countries, domestic partnership registries and gay marriage have increased while heterosexual marriage has decreased. But it’s not at all clear that the first trend is causing the second. In other words, correlation does not equal causation. Marriage is declining in popularity across the world, and has been for decades. No one has shown rates are declining directly because of domestic partnerships. We rate this statement .
Statement: No governor in Virginia has ever won when...he or she is the same party as the sitting president.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: November 3, 2021
Location: virginia
Topics: elections;history
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "No governor in Virginia has ever won when...he or she is the same party as the sitting president." He’s . Although it’s been extremely rare in the last 44 years for Virginia to elect a governor of the president’s party, it did happen in 2013. And it was quite common prior to 1977.   We rate Biden’s statement .
Statement: The Freedom to Vote Act "automatically registers ineligible voters.
Speaker: heritage action
About the speaker:  Heritage Action is a conservative group founded in 2010 and associated with the Heritage Foundation. 
Date: October 19, 2021
Location: national
Topics: congress;elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: We rate this statement . RELATED: What’s in the Senate Democrats’ new voting rights bill? RELATED : Ted Cruz repeats   that voting bill 'would register millions of illegal aliens to vote' RELATED: James Clyburn misspeaks in saying 43 states have passed voting restrictions
Statement: People who wash cars at home will use approximately 80 percent more water than they do in a car wash.
Speaker: helio melo
About the speaker: Helio Melo is a state representative from East Providence. First elected to the House of Representatives in 2004, he serves as chairman of the House Finance Committee.
Date: June 7, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: environment;state budget;water;taxes
Context: a House floor debate
Fact-check justification: This is a  that's easy to check with a stopwatch, a bucket of suds, a hose, and that all-important spray nozzle most people use. Professional car washes do provide an environmental service by keeping pollutants out of watersheds. But Melo’s comparison between the water used during a driveway wash versus a professional car wash is all wet. If Melo doesn't believe us, we'd be glad to demonstrate by washing his car. And he can use the water we save to douse his ! (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)