chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: After Fahrenheit 9/11 came out, "Bush's approval rating never was better, it only got worse.
Speaker: michael moore
About the speaker: Michael Moore directed the movie "Capitalism: A Love Story" and is a well-known documentary filmmaker. His movies includes "Roger and Me," "Bowling for Columbine," "Fahrenheit 9/11," and "Sicko." He won the Academy Award for best documentary in 2002 with "Bowling for Columbine," and he was a nominee in 2007 for "Sicko." Michael Moore's Web site is www.MichaelMoore.com.
Date: September 29, 2009
Location: national
Topics: elections
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Bush's ratings hit their all-time low in October 2008, during the financial crisis, when he had an approval rating of 25 percent. So Moore was  when he said that "Bush's approval rating never was better, it only got worse" after the movie came out. The ratings actually increased and were pretty much the same a year after Fahrenheit . On the other hand, Moore qualifies his statement by suggesting that it took years for the film to have an impact, and indeed, Bush's ratings did decline overall for much of his second term. So we rate Moore's statement .
Statement: The vast majority of minimum wage workers get a raise within a year.
Speaker: national federation of independent business-virginia 
About the speaker: The National Federation of Independent Business is a small association representing small and independent businesses.
Date: May 17, 2016
Location: virginia
Topics: economy;jobs;poverty
Context: a website post
Fact-check justification: The National Federation of Independent Business here in Virginia says on its website that "the vast majority of minimum wage workers get a raise within a year." The group finds support from an older report from 12 years ago that says two-thirds of workers who stayed on the job got a raise within a year. The most recent numbers show that 72 percent of minimum wage workers got a raise between 2014 and 2015. But one-fifth of them got the boost only because their state had raised its minimum wage - a step the NFIB opposes. That means 57.5 percent of the workers got a raise at the discretion of their employers or because they had found better-paying jobs. We rate the  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/2d50a0a2-974e-4229-bf51-191c8b60d9b2
Statement: Says Barack Obama has pension investments that include Chinese firms, and "investments through a Caymans trust.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: October 16, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: china;debates;pensions;taxes
Context: debate comments
Fact-check justification: You also have investments outside the United States. You also have investments through a Caymans trust." It’s an accurate set of statements when you consider investments made by managers of the Illinois pension fund in which Obama has an account. As we noted in reviewing previous claims about Romney’s investments in China, the investments involved are indirect and -- as far as anybody has said -- made without the knowledge of the account holder. With that clarification, we rate Romney’s statement .
Statement: Quotes Harriet Tubman as saying, "I freed a thousand slaves. I could have freed a thousand more if only they knew they were slaves.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 1, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: During the 2008 presidential primary matchup between Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama, Morgan wrote a follow-up to her famous 1970 essay "Goodbye to All That." Challenging women who didn’t support Clinton, Morgan wrote, "Let a statement by the magnificent Harriet Tubman stand as reply. When asked how she managed to save hundreds of enslaved African Americans via the Underground Railroad during the Civil War, she replied bitterly, ‘I could have saved thousands—if only I’d been able to convince them they were slaves.’" The Maxwell Perspective also found the quote to be inauthentic, and several scholars who studied Tubman were unable to locate a primary source for the statement. This faux quote is !
Statement: Images from Hunter Biden's laptop show Joe Biden naked with a young girl.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 11, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: Facebook posts
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) PolitiFact has previously debunked out-of-context , manipulated or otherwise  viral images that purported to show Biden acting inappropriately with women or children. We rate this Facebook post ! RELATED: Fact-checking the pedophilia attacks against Joe Biden
Statement: No state gets back less from Washington than New York state.
Speaker: andrew cuomo
About the speaker: Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, was elected to his first term as governor of New York in 2010.
Date: January 14, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: state budget
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cuomo said that "no state gets back less from Washington than New York state."  This aligns with a widely cited study by the Rockefeller Institute of Government that looked at every state’s balance of payments with the federal government from 2015 to 2018.  However, that same study notes a slightly different result when population is taken into account. On a per-capita basis, New York ranked fourth, after Connecticut, New Jersey and Massachusetts. We rate the statement .
Statement: Only one person died on that day" during the Jan. 6 U.S. Capitol riot.
Speaker: greg kelly
About the speaker: Greg Kelly is the host of “Greg Kelly Reports” on Newsmax TV. He also hosts "The Greg Kelly Podcast."
Date: February 8, 2021
Topics: elections;crime;pundits;punditfact;jan. 6
Context: a Newsmax TV segment
Fact-check justification: Kelly said, "It's not  (that five people died on Jan. 6). Only one person died on that day. You know who it was? The unarmed woman, Ashli Babbitt." That’s . Four people died at the Capitol riot on Jan. 6. Sicknick, a Capitol Police officer, died the following day after he was injured in the violence. We rate Kelly’s statement . If you or people you know are thinking about suicide, you can call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (8255) or text the Crisis Text Line at 741-741.
Statement: The fact that one town has three lanes dedicated to it, that kind of gets me sauced.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: December 2, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: transportation
Context: response to subpoenas being sent out over a bridge lane-closure controversy
Fact-check justification: Earlier this month, in response to subpoenas being issued in the so-called ‘Bridgegate’ scandal, Christie said, "The fact that one town has three lanes dedicated to it, that kind of gets me sauced." Christie is way off here. Never mind that his  makes it seem as if a significant part of the bridge’s total number of lanes are dedicated to a borough with a land area only 2.5 square miles in size, with approximately 35,000 residents. The facts are that the George Washington Bridge is physically in Fort Lee and there are local access lanes from the bridge. But none of the lanes are dedicated for use only in or by the borough. All motorists are able to use them as an entry point to the span. Know what gets the -O-Meter sauced, governor?   claims. ! To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: A college loan is the only loan in the United States that you cannot refinance when interest rates go down.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: April 3, 2016
Location: california
Topics: debt;economy;education
Context: a campaign speech
Fact-check justification: Former President Bill Clinton said at a recent campaign rally in Los Angeles: "A college loan is the only loan in the United States that you cannot refinance when interest rates go down." Borrowers of federally backed student loans, which account for about 90 percent of student loans, cannot refinance those into lower-interest federal loans. Congress sets the interest rate on these loans, and there’s no provision in federal law that allows for them to be refinanced. Depending on factors such as income, some borrowers can refinance their federal loans into lower-interest private loans, though they risk losing their federal loan protections. Clinton most likely was referring only to federally backed loans when he made his statement, but a clarification about private loans would have helped. We rated his  .   – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for  more  on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The border city of El Paso, Texas, used to have extremely high rates of violent crime — one of the highest in the country, and considered one of our nation's most dangerous cities. Now, immediately upon its building, with a powerful barrier in place, El Paso is one of the safest cities in our country.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: February 5, 2019
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "The border city of El Paso, Texas, used to have extremely high rates of violent crime — one of the highest in the country, and considered one of our nation's most dangerous cities. Now, immediately upon its building, with a powerful barrier in place, El Paso is one of the safest cities in our country." Crime data shows that El Paso has not been one of the most dangerous cities in the nation. From 1985 to 2014, El Paso’s violent crime rate was significantly lower than the average for cities of comparable size. Border authorities added fencing in the El Paso region in the late 2000s. In the immediate years before and after construction, the violent crime rate went up, contrary to Trump’s . Trump’s statement is . We rate it .
Statement: A state senate bill would "criminalize a father teaching his own son how to use a hunting rifle.
Speaker: mike adams
About the speaker: Mike Adams is a prolific blogger who is critical of vaccines and medical research, and is pro-gun and pro-survivalist. He is the founding editor of NaturalNews.com. Many of his posts have been labeled false by scientists. In 2019, Facebook revoked the Natural News age for violating spam rules. Adams is based in Cody, Wyo.
 
Date: November 27, 2019
Location: virginia
Topics: public safety;guns
Context: a blog
Fact-check justification: Adams wrote that a bill in the General Assembly "would criminalize a father teaching his own son how to use a hunting rifle." That’s flat out . The bill would add a clause to the state’s paramilitary laws making it a felony for groups to train or march with weapons with "the intent of intimidating others." The bill, however, does not change a code section that exempts from the paramilitary act "lawful activities related to firearms instruction." Another  Adams’ : The bill "would instantly transform all martial arts instructors into criminal felons." State paramilitary laws specifically exempt common efforts to  "teach or practice self defense or self-defense techniques such as karate clubs." Adam’s claims are devoid of  and inflammatory. We rate them "."
Statement: Racial comparisons on coronavirus statistics in Monroe County, N.Y., show that the impact on minorities is "basically on par, a little bit up, from the population numbers," meaning that "we don't see that disparity as much here.
Speaker: lovely warren
About the speaker: Lovely Warren, a Democrat, is the mayor of Rochester, N.Y. 
Date: April 8, 2020
Location: new york
Topics: race and ethnicity;public health;coronavirus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Meanwhile, Hispanics have accounted for 22% of ICU hospitalizations, which is more than double their 9% of the population. Our ruling  Referring to racial comparisons on coronavirus statistics in Monroe County, N.Y., Warren said the impact on minorities is "basically on par, a little bit up, from the population numbers," meaning that "we don’t see that disparity as much here." That was essentially accurate when looking at the share of deaths from the coronavirus. But at the time of her comment, African Americans accounted for a significantly higher share of ICU and non-ICU hospitalizations in the county, and the same was the case for Hispanics and non-ICU hospitalizations. The statement is partially accurate but needs additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "fundamentally changed the lives" of Immokalee farm workers in Florida for the better.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: March 19, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: agriculture;human rights;poverty;workers
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Sanders’ ad says he "fundamentally changed the lives" of Immokalee farm workers in Florida. Sanders helped give national publicity to the struggles of Immokalee tomato pickers in 2008. He visited with the workers, wrote letters to tomato purchasers urging them to join a program to pay workers more, met with a representative from the growers exchange and held a Senate hearing in 2008.  About two years later, the workers reached an agreement with the growers. The coalition and the growers’ exchange both say Sanders should get some credit, although it’s likely that the agreement could have been reached without his efforts. Whether the agreement "fundamentally changed the lives" of the workers is difficult to quantify. The agreement included an increase for purchasers which goes toward pickers, but it’s unclear on average how many dollars more each picker earns per week as a result of it. There have been other successes in the agreement, including the resolution of worker complaints. We rate this statement .
Statement: A 2011 measure passed into law with Wendy Davis' support "removes from the attorney general the ability to settle lawsuits just like" the school funding case.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: September 19, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: corrections and updates;education;regulation
Context: the Rio Grande Valley
Fact-check justification: Abbott said Davis voted for a 2011 measure that removes the attorney general’s ability to settle lawsuits like the school funding case. That’s not so; a 2007 law created the legislative hurdle for major settlements -- and, significantly, Davis wasn’t a senator then. Still, this  has an element of  because Davis joined nearly every other lawmaker in tightening the limit in 2011 by reducing the threshold for settlements the attorney general may reach without legislative sign-off to those costing the state $10 million or less. Given how Abbott characterized the law at issue, we rate his  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Having an entirely Democrat congressional delegation in 2009, when the [federal stimulus] bill passed, increases the per capita stimulus dollars that the state receives per person by $460.
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: March 23, 2012
Location: rhode island
Topics: congress;elections;stimulus
Context: a message via the Internet
Fact-check justification: If you compare the all-Democrat states to all the other states, the correct number is closer to $338. So states with a purely Democrat congressional delegation have, in fact, garnered quite a bit more money per capita than other states. But because the $460 amount is off by about 36 percent, we rate the statement  . (Get updates from PolitiFactRI on Twitter . To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on our PolitiFact Rhode Island Facebook page.)
Statement: There is no disagreement that we need action by our government, a recovery plan that will help to jump-start the economy.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;stimulus
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: So where does that leave us for our ruling? We can't tell you which side is right on the stimulus bill. But we do know that Obama is  when he says there is "no disagreement that we need action by our government." Clearly, there is disagreement. We rate his statement .
Statement: Durham's documents show that Hillary Clinton hired people who hacked into Trump's home and office computers" and "planted evidence, fabricated evidence connecting Trump to Russia.
Speaker: jesse watters
About the speaker: Jesse Watters is the host of "Jesse Watters Primetime" and a co-host of "The Five" on Fox News.
Date: February 14, 2022
Topics: criminal justice;elections;foreign policy;pundits;technology;punditfact
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Watters said, "Durham’s documents show that Hillary Clinton hired people who hacked into Trump’s home and office computers before and during his presidency, and planted  that he colluded with Russia ... fabricated  connecting Trump to Russia." None of that is backed up by Durham’s filing, a motion over a conflict-of-interest matter in the case against an attorney linked to the Clinton campaign who was charged for lying to the FBI.  We rate Watters’  .
Statement: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has amassed the "largest collection of human data in history" through COVID-19 PCR tests.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: February 17, 2022
Topics: science;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Instagram post
Fact-check justification: While the swab used in the PCR test would likely possess some human DNA, the sequencing is carried out on the coronavirus. One of the first steps of genomic sequencing is to isolate and extract the coronavirus genetic material from the sample.   The CDC clarified that personal identifying information is not extracted. Independent scientists agreed that human DNA was not needed to sequence the virus that causes COVID-19. We rate this  .
Statement: We understand that this heroin is primarily coming from Mexico, over the border.
Speaker: rob portman
About the speaker: Rob Portman was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He is a former Republican congressman who also was a U.S. trade representative and director of the Office of Management and Budget under President George H.W. Bush.
Date: March 8, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: drugs
Context: Department of Homeland Security hearing
Fact-check justification: Portman said that heroin is coming to the United States primarily from Mexico. He hasn’t been studying drug facts for nothing. We rate this  .
Statement: Common Core means "there are over 300 data elements the government is going to be collecting about your children and about you.
Speaker: tim curtis
About the speaker: Tim Curtis is a member of the tea party group 9/12 in Tampa and ran for Congress in 2010.
Date: October 15, 2013
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: Tampa
Fact-check justification: Tim Curtis, an activist against Common Core, said that thanks to Common Core, "There are over 300 data elements the government is going to be collecting about your children and about you." Common Core State Standards do not include new requirements for the government to collect data on school children. It’s  that school districts and the state of Florida already collect a long list of data on students. That data is aggregated for the federal government, after stripping out students’ personal information, and that data collection doesn’t change whether states adopt Common Core or not. Common Core opponents are mixing two separate issues here: the transition to Common Core and data collection that already occurs. We rate this  .