chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Food waste is the 3rd largest contributor" of greenhouse gas emissions.
Speaker: world food program
About the speaker: The United Nations World Food Programme delivers emergency food relief and develops the capacity of nations to feed their people around the world.
Date: February 5, 2017
Topics: global news service;agriculture;climate change;food
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The World Food Program tweeted that food waste is the third largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions. That is based on a comparison to the emissions of other countries, but food waste is an activity, not a place. The World Food Programme acknowledged that it took a point used for rhetorical effect and treated it literally. The organization deleted the tweet. We rate this  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/d10247d9-2da2-4b9d-9066-ebc6521196eb
Statement: Tommy Thompson made millions from corporations who outsource American jobs and now he's trying to lavish huge tax breaks on them.
Speaker: majority pac
About the speaker: Majority PAC is an organization seeking to protect the Democratic majority in the U.S. Senate in 2012.
Date: October 31, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;jobs;message machine 2012;workers
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Rather, his role, among other things, is to provide a strategic vision to these companies similar to the roles of other directors and officers." Our rating Majority PAC said Thompson "made millions from corporations who outsource American jobs and now he's trying to lavish huge tax breaks on them." Thompson was paid $1.5 million, but that doesn’t match the "millions" claimed in the ad. He supports a tax break for U.S. companies' profits from overseas, but it's possible the tax break could lead to more American jobs. Majority PAC's statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details -- our definition of .
Statement: Six of Georgia's counties have no lawyers at all.
Speaker: hugh thompson
About the speaker: Hugh Thompson, a native Georgian, was appointed to the Supreme Court of Georgia in 1994. Thompson served as a superior court judge in the eight-county Ocmulgee Judicial Circuit from 1979 to 1994.
Date: February 5, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: legal issues
Context: State of the Judiciary address
Fact-check justification: "We must take steps to correct the imbalance." So where does this leave us? Thompson said, "Six of Georgia’s counties have no lawyers at all." Credible data from the State Bar of Georgia and other information, including anecdotal  from local judges, support his statement. We rate it .
Statement: Almost 10 percent of Canadians came to visit Florida last year ... (Canadians) buy 7.4 percent of our homes in the state.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: June 16, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: housing;tourism;trade
Context: a Tallahassee press conference
Fact-check justification: Scott's office did not specify how he arrived at 7.4 percent, but he's close enough. He's right that there's a clear Canadian infatuation with Florida. As one Canadian-turned-Floridian-real-estate-agent joked in a National Public Radio report on the housing phenomenon, "If there ever was an 11th (Canadian) province, it probably would be Florida." Scott has his Canada trivia down cold, and we were unable to find any statistics that contradict him. We rate his  .
Statement: The Rock has lost 48 million followers on his IG and YouTube after coming out for Biden.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: October 2, 2020
Topics: elections;pop culture;facebook fact-checks
Context: a post on Facebook
Fact-check justification: A post on Facebook says, "The Rock has lost 48 million followers on his IG and YouTube after coming out for Biden." A look at previous media coverage and websites that track social media analytics and follower counts show that Johnson didn’t lose anywhere near 48 million Instagram and YouTube followers after he announced his support for Biden and Harris. On both platforms, he actually appears to have gained followers in September, overall.  We rate this  .
Statement: Gov. Palin ... is somebody who actually doesn't believe that climate change is man-made.
Speaker: john kerry
About the speaker: John Kerry is the secretary of state. He previously was a senator from Massachusetts and the Democratic Party's nominee for president in 2004.
Date: August 31, 2008
Location: national
Topics: environment
Context: an interview on "This Week with George Stephanopoulos."
Fact-check justification: In September 2007, she created a "climate change subcabinet" to prepare a state strategy to respond to global warming. In a report to Alaskans in July, Palin wrote that the subcabinet "will also be making recommendations to me on how Alaskans can save energy and reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. " Palin's nod to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the context of global warming would suggest she's not entirely closed off to the idea that the two are related. Still, Palin's Aug. 29 statement was pretty clear: she doesn't attribute global warming to man-made causes, despite a broad, global scientific consensus that human activity is responsible for climate change. We find Kerry's statement to be .
Statement: Says Mayor Muriel Bowser "ordered all hotels, restaurants, grocery stores, gas stations, and convenience stores to close Jan. 4, 5 and 6 to discourage Trump supporters from gathering in D.C.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 1, 2021
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Bowser has directed the city’s Homeland Security and Emergency Management Agency to help coordinate a response to demonstrations in D.C.. In a statement issued on Jan. 3, Bowser asked Washington residents "to stay out of the downtown area" on those dates and "not engage with demonstrators who come to our city seeking confrontation." She said officials would "do what we must to ensure all who attend remain peaceful." Many restaurants and office buildings in downtown D.C. have boarded up, "just as they were for demonstrations in the summer regarding racial justice and, more recently, the presidential election," USA Today reported . We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: As a sitting Supreme Court justice, Daniel Kelly recused himself from a case, then "he pocketed $20,000 in contributions" from the plaintiff and family members and "unrecused himself so he could judge the case.
Speaker: janet protasiewicz
About the speaker: Milwaukee County circuit court judge. A 2023 Wisconsin Supreme Court candidate. Election will be held on Tuesday, April 4, 2023 for a ten-year term.
Date: March 9, 2023
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;legal issues;supreme court
Context: TV ad
Fact-check justification: Protasiewicz’s campaign claimed that Kelly recused himself, pocketed money from donations from the plaintiff and family in a specific case, and then unrecused himself to make a judgment in the case.  The sequence has validity, but not to the bottom-line implication. The ad leaves voters thinking Kelly ultimately voted in favor of the donors when the main portions of the case and the ruling happened after he was off the court. But if the court had taken up the case before the end of Kelly’s term, he would have been able to vote on the matter. And he unrecused himself before the election, when he still expected to be on the court at the time. We rate this   — the statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.
Statement: Sen. Obama worked on some of the deepest issues we had and was successful in a bipartisan way.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: September 11, 2007
Location: national
Context: an endorsement by Illinois State Sen. Kirk Dillard
Fact-check justification: Lawrence said that Obama favored more sweeping reforms than Republicans and others did, but was willing to compromise. The work resulted in the Gift Ban Act of 1988. Obama worked with other Republicans on such issues as health insurance for kids and the state's death penalty--not an issue normally associated with bipartisan work between a liberal Democrat and Republicans. Viewers may have watched the ad and decided Dillard was supporting Obama for president. But Dillard made the ad, despite saying that as a loyal Republican, he has endorsed Sen. John McCain for his party's presidential nomination--a fact that he did not mention in the ad.
Statement: $100B contact tracing bill "is about controlling/tracking population, not about coronavirus.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: May 12, 2020
Topics: government regulation;public health;privacy issues;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims new federal legislation to support COVID-19 testing and contact tracing "is about controlling/tracking population, not about coronavirus." The bill strictly targets the novel coronavirus. It would provide $100 billion to organizations that do COVID-19 testing or contact tracing or that provide services to people who are isolating at home. We rate the Facebook post .
Statement: Historically," Senate ratification of arms control treaties "has been bipartisan.
Speaker: mike mullen
About the speaker: Adm. Mike Mullen is chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the highest-ranking officer in the U.S. military.
Date: November 21, 2010
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy;military;this week - abc news
Context: an interview on ABC's "This Week with Christiane Amanpour"
Fact-check justification: Another treaty that faced significant partisan opposition was the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea, which failed to advance to a vote in the Senate due to opposition by conservatives who expressed concern about its impact on U.S. sovereignty. But the subject of this treaty seems too far afield from what Mullen was talking about for us to count it. So where does this leave us? We found one clear example of partisan opposition to a nuclear-weapons treaty -- the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty -- but 13 which were passed with broad, bipartisan support. So we rate Mullen's contention that Senate treaty ratifications have "historically ... been bipartisan" as .
Statement: Says he was known as "Veto Corleone" for cutting spending as Florida governor.
Speaker: jeb bush
About the speaker: Jeb Bush was a Republican candidate for president of the United States in 2016. He served two terms as the governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. He is also the brother of former President George W. Bush and the son of former President George H.W. Bush. 
Date: May 20, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: Portsmouth, N.H
Fact-check justification: Bush said "they called me Veto Corleone" as governor for his frequent use of the line-item veto. He did have a fondness for ruthlessly slashing projects he deemed wasteful or not in line with his agenda. Thrasher confirmed he nicknamed the governor after the fictional mobster. This is one favor we grant Bush. We rate the statement .
Statement: Texas families have kept more than $10 billion in their family budgets since we successfully fought to restore Texas' sales tax deduction a decade ago.
Speaker: kevin brady
About the speaker: Brady represents a Houston-area U.S. House district.
Date: December 17, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: states;taxes
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Brady said: "Texas families have kept more than $10 billion in their family budgets since we successfully fought to restore Texas' sales tax deduction a decade ago." While that’s a squishy figure -- an estimate that can’t be pinned as a fact unless you somehow divine every Texan’s marginal tax rate for each of the 10 years, for starters -- it appears to be reasonable. It’s also so that families that had these savings were  better off; lower-income taxpayers tend not to itemize deductions. We rate the statement .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: According to a recent CDC report, "almost everyone — 85% — who got the coronavirus in July was wearing a mask, and they were infected anyway. So clearly (wearing a mask) doesn't work the way they tell us it works.
Speaker: tucker carlson
About the speaker: Tucker Carlson was a Fox News pundit until his departure in April 2023.
Date: October 13, 2020
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a TV segment
Fact-check justification: Carlson said that according to a recent CDC report, "Almost everyone — 85% — who got the coronavirus in July was wearing a mask, and they were infected anyway. So clearly this doesn't work the way they tell us it works." Carlson didn’t pull the 85% figure out of thin air, but the conclusion he drew is  in multiple ways. For starters, the CDC report wasn’t designed to measure mask effectiveness, and the study’s authors said the participants might not be representative of the U.S. The findings don’t prove masks are ineffective, either. Masks are most effective at preventing infected people from spreading the virus, and studies show they can help slow the spread.  The correlation the CDC found between positive coronavirus tests and going to restaurants and bars suggests that taking masks off to eat or drink might increase risk.  We rate Carlson’s statement .
Statement: Says the late Lady Bird Johnson sicced the CIA on actress and singer Eartha Kitt after Kitt spoke out against the Vietnam War during a White House luncheon in January 1968.
Speaker: drunk history
About the speaker: "Drunk History" is a television show on Comedy Central. Comedians get drunk and recount historical events, while actors portray their description. While humorous, the program is inteded to accurately represent history.
Date: July 2, 2019
Location: texas
Topics: history
Context: an episode
Fact-check justification: "Drunk History" claimed former first lady Lady Bird Johnson demanded the CIA find damning information on singer Eartha Kitt. While the Secret Service did request information from the CIA following the luncheon, there is no  to support the idea that Lady Bird Johnson asked for the information. The Secret Service said the request was made for security purposes, not to "destroy her." We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.
Statement: Senator McCain voted against the Bush tax cuts. Now he's for them.
Speaker: mitt romney
About the speaker: Mitt Romney is a U.S. senator from Utah. He ran for president in 2012 as the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent President Barack Obama. Prior to that, Romney served one term as governor of Massachusetts, elected to the post in 2002. He was born in 1947 in Michigan, where his father was governor from 1963 to 1969. Romney graduated from Brigham Young University and received both a law degree and an MBA from Harvard University. Romney helped found the investment firm Bain Capital in 1984, which launched or rebuilt such companies as Staples and Dominos Pizza. Romney managed the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City from 1999-2002. He ran for president in 2008 but lost the Republican nomination. He and his wife, Ann, have five sons, Tagg, Craig, Matt, Ben and Josh.
Date: April 26, 2007
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: Stratham, N.H
Fact-check justification: In 2003, the phased-in cuts of 2001 were accelerated but McCain again voted no, saying taxes shouldn't be cut in time of war. But in 2006, when the cuts were extended, McCain voted yes because he said opposing the extension of cuts already in place would amount to a tax increase. Updated: This post has been updated to correct the reasons McCain gave at the time for opposing tax cuts in 2001. Our initial posting attributed his reasons to statements he made later about fiscal restraint.
Statement: Steve Poizner "increased his department's budget nearly 14 percent.
Speaker: meg whitman
About the speaker: Meg Whitman is the former CEO of eBay and the 2010 Republican gubernatorial nominee in California. Largely self-financing her campaign, Whitman lost the general election to then-Attorney General Jerry Brown.
Date: April 16, 2010
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;elections;financial regulation;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign commerical
Fact-check justification: We won't go so far as to confirm that Poizner actually presided over a shrinking budget, as his camp has claimed. Even if you just stick to the more limited operating budget under his control, there are credible ways to come up with a modest increase, just as there are ways to come up with a decrease. We also won't wade into the question -- tussled over by the two camps -- of whether Poizner or Schwarzenegger should get the credit for the department's budgetary reductions in the past year or two, since that's not relevant to the specific  we're addressing here. What is clear to us is that no plausible calculation approaches the 14 percent figure that Whitman has cited repeatedly in her ads. So we rule her  .
Statement: Says he "voted to remove Common Core from our schools.
Speaker: ritch workman
About the speaker: Ritch Workman is a Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives representing Disctrict 30 in the Melbourne area. He is a mortgage broker.
Date: June 20, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: education
Context: an online ad
Fact-check justification: Workman said he "voted to remove Common Core from our schools." Workman did vote to literally remove the term "Common Core" from state records as Florida switched over to the revised Florida Standards. Indeed, the broad education bill that made it law was voted for unanimously. But that was only after the Board of Education, and not the Legislature, agreed to revise the Common Core standards. Workman’s vote did not affect the decision to make that change. Furthermore, the new benchmarks were largely additions to the original standards, so it’s difficult to definitively say Common Core is out of schools. The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: You had more women getting computer sciences degrees in the '80s by a factor of 2-plus than you do now.
Speaker: hillary clinton
About the speaker: Hillary Clinton was the 2016 Democratic nominee for president. She served as U.S. Secretary of State during the first four years of the Obama administration. She is formerly a U.S. senator from New York, first elected in 2000. She was a candidate for president in 2008. She previously served as first lady when her husband, Bill Clinton, served two terms as president. She was born in Chicago in 1947, graduated from Wellesley College and earned a law degree at Yale Law School. She and her husband have one daughter.
Date: February 24, 2015
Location: national
Topics: education;technology;women
Context: Silicon Valley
Fact-check justification: Clinton said, "You had more women getting computer-sciences degrees in the '80s by a factor of 2-plus than you do now."  The difference in raw numbers never quite hit the 2-to-1 ratio she cited, but it did get pretty close. She is correct that the share of computer science degrees earned by women peaked in the mid 1980s and has fallen since then. The statement is accurate but needs additional information, so we rate it .
Statement: When President Donald Trump walked across Lafayette Square to a church, he held the Bible upside down.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: September 17, 2020
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a CNN town hall
Fact-check justification: Biden said that after Trump walked across Lafayette Square to a church, he held a Bible upside down. This   spread on social media earlier this summer, without , and made it into several news reports and opinion pieces.  But fact-checkers debunked it as early as June, and a review of still images and video from that day show clearly that it is . Trump held the Bible right-side up throughout the event.  We rate the statement ! This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: President Donald "Trump's latest set of sanctions against companies and countries benefiting North Korea includes every nation but one making shipments to (North Korea). The one nation Trump exempted from his punitive ban was . . . wait for it . . . drumroll: Russia.
Speaker: laurence tribe
About the speaker: Laurence H. Tribe is the Carl M. Loeb university professor and professor of constitutional law at Harvard University. He has taught at Harvard Law School since 1968.
Date: March 2, 2018
Topics: foreign policy;trade;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Tribe said, "Trump’s latest set of sanctions against companies and countries benefiting North Korea includes every nation but one making shipments to (North Korea). The one nation Trump exempted from his punitive ban was . . . wait for it . . . drumroll: Russia." The most recent set of sanctions doesn’t specifically target any entity linked to Russia. However, sanction lists are dependent on intelligence findings, and when the U.S. government had intelligence relevant to sanctions-busting, the Trump administration has slapped sanctions on Russian entities in the past. In addition, while this sanctions list targeted violators, it didn’t proactively "exempt" any countries (something Tribe acknowledges). Finally, experts offered a variety of potential alternative explanations beyond Trump doing this to protect Russia. We rate the statement .