chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: First, he (Obama) opposed the surge. Then he confidently predicted that it would fail. Then he tried to prevent funding for the troops who carried out the surge.
Speaker: john mccain
About the speaker: John McCain was a U.S. senator from Arizona, a post he held from 1987 to his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the U.S. House. He was the Republican nominee for president in 2008. McCain was a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and spent his career in the military, as his father did. He was a combat pilot in Vietnam who was shot down and spent 5 1/2 years as a prisoner of war. He was born in 1936 in Panama. 
Date: August 11, 2008
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Context: Las Vegas
Fact-check justification: Likewise, it wasn't "the troops" Obama was trying to defund with his May 24, 2007 vote, it was Bush's war strategy. So the first two prongs of McCain's attack were accurate, while the third was not. Since McCain was two-thirds correct, we considered giving him a  on this one. But the  portion of the attack was the most provocative — painting Obama as opposed to the well-being of the troops. We're calling it .
Statement: Rand Paul "wants us to pay $2,000 just to get Medicare.
Speaker: jack conway
About the speaker: Jack Conway has been the Attorney General of Kentucky since 2008. He unsuccessfully ran against Rand Paul as the Democratic nominee in Kentucky’s 2010 U.S. Senate election.
Date: September 28, 2010
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicare;message machine 2010
Context: a campaign commercial
Fact-check justification: They come close, but we do offer one caveat. We think that the general impression Conway's ad gives -- and in particular the line where the man says, "Rand Paul wants us to pay $2,000 just to get Medicare?" -- is that what Paul wants to do is slap seniors with a $2,000 deductible, even though his plan is much more comprehensive. Paul's ideas for Medicare may be good or bad, but the ad is somewhat  when it reduces them to a simple $2,000 deductible. That said, we see it as a relatively minor exaggeration. Paul has advocated for a $2,000 deductible in multiple settings, and on balance we rate the ad .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton sold 20 percent of America's uranium to Russia and then "the Russian government gave $145 million to the Clinton Foundation." Former FBI Director and special counsel Robert Mueller "delivered it.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 5, 2018
Topics: nuclear;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post claims that Hillary Clinton transferred uranium to Russia in exchange for donations to the Clinton Foundation. It also says Robert Mueller was involved. The  makes it seem like Clinton bears responsibility for the deal when a panel of several departments and agencies were part of its approval. And while the connections between the Clinton Foundation and the Russian deal may appear fishy, there is no proof of any quid pro quo. As for Mueller, the ties are even more specious. We rate this  .
Statement: Since 1999, firearm deaths in Ohio have risen 58 percent.
Speaker: richard cordray
About the speaker: Richard Cordray is running for Ohio governor in 2018. Cordray was appointed as the first director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau during President Barack Obama's administration. He is the former attorney general of Ohio and a Democrat.
Date: April 2, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: guns
Context: a campaign website
Fact-check justification: Cordray said on his website that "since 1999, firearm deaths in Ohio have risen 58 percent." Data from the Centers for Disease Control showed that there were 8.28 firearm deaths per 100,000 residents in Ohio in 1999 rising to 13.12 in 2016 -- an increase of 58 percent. Firearm deaths in suicides and homicides increased. If Cordray had selected an earlier year in the 1990s, the contrast would not have been as extreme when there was a higher rate of firearm deaths. However, his comparison of 1999 and 2016 is one valid way to examine the data. We rate this  .
Statement: The Titan submersible was found June 21 with all five passengers alive.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: June 21, 2023
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: As of this fact-check’s publication, there were no reports about the submersible being found or the passengers inside. We rate the Facebook post . RELATED: Titanic sinking was an accident that caused over 1,500 deaths, not an inside job to kill three men RELATED:  news fact-checks
Statement: Says transgender residents make up "about 1-in-300 people, we're all over the place, we're your friends and your neighbors.
Speaker: ashley smith
About the speaker: Ashley Smith of San Antonio posed with Gov. Greg Abbott at his re-election kickoff event in July 2017. She said afterward she was making a point about the likely difficulty of enforcing a law affecting bathroom access for transgender Texans.
Date: July 19, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: population;sexuality
Context: a San Antonio Express-News story
Fact-check justification: Smith said transgender residents make up "about 1-in-300 people, we're all over the place, we're your friends and your neighbors." There’s no direct national count of individuals identifying as transgender but recent analyses rooted in federal survey results support estimates of 1.8-in-300 adults and 2.1-in-300 minors. We rate the  .  – The statement is accurate and there’s nothing significant missing. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: The people of Rhode Island don't want same-sex marriage.
Speaker: christopher plante
About the speaker: Christopher Plante is executive director of National Organization for Marriage - Rhode Island, which supports traditional marriage and opposes same-sex marriage.
Date: April 29, 2011
Location: rhode island
Topics: civil rights;lgbtq;marriage;polls and public opinion
Context: a television interview
Fact-check justification: Not only did the trends in the NOM-RI and RI-GLAD polls show opposition to same-sex marriage evaporating, the Brown and RI-GLAD polls showed that the public wants gay couples to have the right to marry, even if you assume that every voter who didn't express an opinion was opposed to gay marriage. Plante's assertion isn't just . It's . We rate it  ! (To comment or offer your ruling, visit us on Facebook .)
Statement: Some city of Atlanta employees "have not had raises in eight years.
Speaker: charles clark
About the speaker: Charles Clark is the executive director of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, Local 1644
Date: June 24, 2010
Location: georgia
Context: a telephone interview
Fact-check justification: Clark, who took the job about 3 1/2 months ago, said some city workers told him they hadn't received raises in eight years. In a subsequent interview with PolitiFact Georgia, Clark said the workers may have been comparing the 2.6 percent cost-of-living increase to what he said had been 3.5 percent salary increases in prior years. "It's a teachable moment," Clark told PolitiFact Georgia. "I stand clarified or corrected." PolitiFact Georgia appreciates his candor, but sorry, Charlie, we still find the  is .
Statement: Quotes Mike Pence as saying that people with pre-existing conditions need "more Jesus care," not health care.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 14, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The quote’s text is alongside a photo of Pence and what resembles a Fox News symbol. The symbol is actually from a page called "Fox News the FB page," which reportedly started circulating the  quote. The page is not affiliated with the news outlet and can no longer be found on Facebook. Alyssa Farah, Pence’s press secretary, also told us the quote is bogus: "This quote is  and wasn’t said by Vice President Pence." We rate it !
Statement: We have the third-lowest minimum wage … of developed countries.
Speaker: david cicilline
About the speaker: David Cicilline was elected to the 1st Congressional District in 2010. Before that, he was mayor of Providence, beginning in January, 2003. A Brown University graduate, he received his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.
Date: October 26, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: debates;economy;income;jobs;labor;workers
Context: a TV debate
Fact-check justification: David Cicilline said that the United States has the third-lowest minimum wage among countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Although the U.S. minimum wage is not that low in terms of U.S. dollars, it is third-lowest in a more meaningful comparison relative to the median wage. ( Here’s a good graphic from the Department of Labor showing how the U.S. stacks up against other developed nations.) We rule Cicilline’s statement . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: Just in our first six months in office, Missouri moved up the rankings nine places ... of the best states to do business.
Speaker: eric greitens
About the speaker: Eric Greitens, a combat veteran who served in Afghanistan and Iraq, founded The Mission Continues, a Missouri-based non-profit that helps returning veterans. He won his race for Missouri governor as a Republican in 2016. He resigned on May 29, 2018 after he was charged with felony computer tampering and faced allegations related to an extramarital affair.
Date: August 23, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: economy
Context: a Facebook live conversation
Fact-check justification: Greitens, talking on Facebook Live about his first six months as Missouri governor, said, "Just in our first six months in office, Missouri moved up the rankings nine places … in the rankings of the best states to do business." Greitens credited this change to his cutting regulations, which he said is prompting a rise in the state’s economy. CNBC moved Missouri up nine spots on its annual America’s Top States for Business list. That’s only one ranking, among many, that can be considered, and it’s impossible to say that its methodology is perfect. Experts suggest that, while the methodologies of these lists vary significantly, it might be better to derive a decision if Missouri’s ranking has increased on all of them, which is  among five other lists. However, experts said it is premature for Greitens to assume credit for the improvement in rankings. Greitens is partially accurate. We rate his  .
Statement: Under a public health care option, 120 million Americans will "lose what they now get from private companies and be forced onto the government-run rolls as businesses decide it is more cost-effective for them to drop coverage.
Speaker: karl rove
About the speaker: Karl Rove is a former senior adviser and deputy chief of staff to President George W. Bush. He has worked as a commentator and political analyst for Fox News.
Date: June 11, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an op-ed
Fact-check justification: That's . The report said that people would choose to leave private insurance if given a cheaper option, but the report provided smaller numbers for other options. The debate in Congress over what a public option will look like is fierce and ongoing. So Rove is picking the worst-case scenario and then distorting the cause and effects. We rate Rove's statement .
Statement: Iowans are paying $5,000 extra for everyday goods under Biden and Axne's inflation.
Speaker: zach nunn
About the speaker: Iowa state Sen. Zach Nunn worked as a U.S. Air Force aircrew intelligence officer, flying 700 combat hours over Afghanistan, and also a cybersecurity expert in the Obama Administration’s National Security Council staff.
Date: September 14, 2022
Location: iowa
Topics: economy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Nunn’s campaign said Iowans would pay $5,000 more this year because of inflation, and that Democrats were to blame.  Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that Iowans will pay $4,176 more on household goods this year because of inflation, based on a bureau report for the Midwestern region going back to August 2022. The $5,000 figure comes from an estimate that Bloomberg News analysts predict for 2022. But it is an estimate. We must wait to see how close the prediction was to what happens. The effect the American Rescue Plan ultimately will have on inflation has yet to be determined but it is having some effect, analysts said. But, solely blaming Democrats for inflation does not take into account the whole picture. Supply shortages and strong demand for products, supply chain problems and international market pressures combine with federal monetary policies to affect inflation. We rate the statement .
Statement: You had the last two administrations deport twice as many people as we deported — twice as many.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: February 14, 2020
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: an interview with Jorge Ramos
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "You had the last two administrations deport twice as many people as we deported — twice as many." Biden is accurate by one metric, but  by another. The number of people sent back to their countries based on returns at the border and formal removal orders was at least twice as high during Bush and Clinton. But deportations based only on formal removals were higher under Obama compared with Bush and Clinton. We rate Biden’s  .
Statement: [U]nlike every other major transit system in the nation, MARTA has never received any significant, dedicated funding from the state of Georgia.
Speaker: michael tyler
About the speaker: Michael W. Tyler is Chariman of the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority's Board of Directors.
Date: June 9, 2010
Location: georgia
Topics: transportation
Context: The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Fact-check justification: "Whether we ask or not, we don't get anything akin to what WMATA is getting," Harris said. That may be correct, but that's not what Tyler said. His op-ed argued that MARTA is the only major transit agency in the country that receives no "significant, dedicated" funding from the state. Not that it's  getting anything from the state or that state funding makes up only a tiny percentage of its budget. We rule Tyler's statement .
Statement: Congress quietly repealed the McCarran Warner Act of 1952 forbidding Muslims from holding office.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 20, 2019
Topics: immigration;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Though Congress repealed a provision of the McCarran-Walter Act, the law never forbid Muslims from holding office as the Facebook post claims. We rate this statement as .
Statement: Under Hillary Clinton's plan "illegal immigrants convicted of committing crimes get to stay.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: August 19, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Trump says "In Hillary Clinton’s America ... illegal immigrants convicted of committing crimes get to stay." The tone of the ad is to scare voters into thinking that Clinton would welcome convicted criminals to remain in the country illegally, and that’s an exaggeration. Clinton has said that she will deport "violent criminals" as well as anyone who threatens our safety. She hasn’t been more specific about the types of crimes that would or would not lead to deportation. We rate this  .
Statement: Old C-SPAN footage of Joe Biden introducing man in blackface.
Speaker: youtube videos
About the speaker: Videos uploaded to YouTube.
Date: July 13, 2020
Topics: race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a YouTube post
Fact-check justification: Biden can be seen introducing the singer around the 2-hour-and 52-minute mark. The Washington Examiner reported on Jan. 9, 2020, that the singer’s name is Jerome Powell . He told the publication that it was "just a big " that Biden called him Michael Jackson. "I mean, Michael Jackson and I were in two entirely different categories." We rate this  .
Statement: I am the only one onstage who has never voted to raise your taxes. These two, each, a billion dollars worth of votes to raise your taxes.
Speaker: todd rokita
About the speaker: Todd Rokita is a Republican congressman representing Indiana's 4th Congressional District since 2011. Rokita is running for U.S. Senate in 2018.
Date: April 23, 2018
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;taxes
Context: a debate
Fact-check justification: Rokita said, "I am the only one onstage who has never voted to raise your taxes. These two, each, a billion dollars worth of votes to raise your taxes." There is some  in that Rokita has never voted to raise taxes in Indiana. As secretary of state, he did not have that power. In Congress, neither Rokita nor Messer have voted for direct tax increases. But Rokita voted for bills that raised user fees and import tariffs, which affected some taxpayers. (Messer, too, voted in favor of the user fees.) Braun indeed voted to increase taxes by almost $1 billion annually in a 2017 road funding law. Left unsaid by Rokita: He supported the gas tax from the sidelines, because it would lead to better infrastructure. Rokita also left out important context for Messer’s two 2005 votes that indirectly raised taxes by over $1 billion. One allowed local governments to increase taxes to fund the Indianapolis Colts football stadium. Another cut subsidies and changed the way property taxes were assessed. Overall, we rate the statement .
Statement: Welcome to #Houston, the most #diverse city in #America.
Speaker: sylvester turner
About the speaker: Sylvester Turner, of Houston, was first elected to the Texas House in 1988.
Date: July 26, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: census;city government;population
Context: a tweet announcing new display signage at airports and Houston's City Hall
Fact-check justification: Turner tweeted that Houston is the most diverse city in the country. While the Kinder Institute report lists Houston as the most diverse out of the country’s biggest metropolitan areas, other metro area rankings, such as the US2010 Project, place it high but not at the very top. Rankings that compare only cities rank Houston lower nationally. Experts acknowledge diversity can be calculated in a multitude of ways, which makes it difficult to come to one singular conclusion. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/7fd8047b-dea7-410c-9c78-8e61e9db2304
Statement: John McCain "has not led on nonproliferation issues when he had the chance in the Senate.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: May 27, 2008
Location: national
Topics: foreign policy
Context: a statement by campaign spokesman Bill Burton
Fact-check justification: In 1997, McCain was among 29 of 55 Republicans who joined with 45 Democrats to ratify the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention, which banned the development, production, sale, use or stockpiling of chemical weapons. And in 1992, he voted with the majority of the Senate in a 93-6 tally to ratify the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, which provided for reduction of about one-third in the arsenals of long-range missiles and bombers of the United States and former Soviet Union. "The majority of people following the issue would point out McCain has not taken a leadership role on nonproliferation during his career in the Senate," said Daryl Kimball, executive director of the Washington-based Arms Control Association. In spite of McCain's moves to the center, and his more fleshed-out positions on nonproliferation, we don't find much in McCain's Senate record to refute the charge of the Obama camp. We say, .
Statement: The United States has "the best health care delivery system in the world.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: July 1, 2012
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: an interview on CBS's "Face the Nation"
Fact-check justification: It’s  that specific aspects of the U.S. health care system are either the best or among the best in the world. But other aspects of the U.S. system fall short of what other advanced nations provide. Boehner’s  that the United States has "the best health care delivery system in the world" is too glib to accurately characterize a much more nuanced reality. On balance, we rate his statement .
Statement: Since the day of my election, we've already cut illegal immigration at the southern border by 61 percent.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 20, 2017
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security
Context: Kentucky
Fact-check justification: Trump said, "Since the day of my election, we've already cut illegal immigration at the Southern border by 61 percent." While U.S. Customs and Border Protection does not provide border apprehension statistics for specific dates, monthly data show a 60 percent decline from the month of the presidential election, November 2016, to February 2017. Experts said other factors should be considered in the decline and that it’s too early to tell whether low apprehensions will become the new norm or if they will increase in coming months, as they typically do. We rate Trump’s statement .