chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Says abortion is "the leading cause of death for black Americans and kills as many as 1,000 black children every day.
Speaker: jason isaac
About the speaker: Jason Isaac was initially elected in 2010 to represent District 45 in the Texas House. He's a 2018 candidate for the U.S. House seat to be vacated by Lamar Smith, R-San Antonio.
Date: February 1, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: abortion;women
Context: a voters guide from the League of Women Voters of Texas and League of Women Voters Austin Area
Fact-check justification: Isaac told the voters guide that abortion is "the leading cause of death for black Americans and kills as many as 1,000 black children every day." Opinions about this  likely divide over Isaac’s definition of a fetus as a child--and by Isaac’s reasoning, we find this  has an element of  in that black women in 2014 accounted for about 711 U.S. abortions a day. In fact, however, heart disease was the leading cause of death for black and other Americans in 2015, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The agency didn’t list the abortion procedure among causes of death. We rate this  .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. PolitiFact Democratic guest columnist former U.S. Rep. Jason Altmire says we should have realized that some disagreements go beyond politics and cannot be solved by facts or statistics. Read his critique here . Read more about our guest columnists  here.
Statement: If you look at the hospitalizations at Ruby Memorial in West Virginia, and around the country, 90% to 95% of those hospitalized are unvaccinated.
Speaker: kathryn moffett bradford
About the speaker: Kathryn Moffett Bradford is the division chief of pediatric infectious diseases at West Virginia University's School of Medicine.
Date: September 1, 2021
Location: west virginia
Topics: corrections and updates;public health;coronavirus
Context: comments at a WVU faculty meeting
Fact-check justification: Bradford said, "If you look at the hospitalizations at Ruby Memorial in West Virginia, and around the country, 90% to 95% of those hospitalized are unvaccinated."  Ruby Memorial Hospital confirmed that at the time of her remark, about 90% to 95% of those hospitalized for COVID-19 were unvaccinated.  As for the national picture, statistics from the CDC published both before and after her comment broadly support those percentages. We rate the  . CORRECTION, Oct. 6, 2021 : This version corrects the spelling of Angela Knopf's name.
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton's immigration platform would "create totally open borders.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 22, 2016
Location: florida
Topics: immigration
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said Clinton’s immigration platform would "create totally open borders." This is a huge distortion of Clinton’s proposals. Clinton has praised work already done to secure the border, and she said she supported a 2013 bill that would have invested billions more in border security while creating a path to citizenship for some undocumented immigrants. Her plan calls for protecting the border and targeting deportation to criminals and security threats. Her plan would make it easier for many undocumented immigrants to avoid deportation, but that’s not the same as ending all enforcement. We rate this  .
Statement: Says his campaign hasn't accepted corporate PAC money and isn't funded by "special interests.
Speaker: cal cunningham
About the speaker: Cal Cunningham is a Democrat running for US Senate in 2020.
Date: July 31, 2019
Location: north carolina
Topics: campaign finance
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cunningham said his campaign hasn’t accepted corporate PAC money and isn’t funded by special interests. It’s  that he hasn’t accepted money from corporate PACs directly. But he has accepted money from PACs that do accept money from big corporations. He’s accepted money from special interest groups, such as labor PACs. And he has accepted direct contributions from corporate executives.  Cunningham’s  contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it . Clarification: This report has been updated to clarify why the statement is rated .
Statement: I didn't say that" some of the medical equipment that governors are requesting, they don't actually need.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: March 29, 2020
Topics: public health;coronavirus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Trump told Alcindor that "I didn’t say that" some of the equipment that governors are requesting, they don't actually need. That’s directly refuted by Trump’s comments during Hannity’s show, in which he said, "I have a feeling that a lot of the numbers that are being said in some areas are just bigger than they're going to be. I don't believe you need 40,000 or 30,000 ventilators." We rate the statement .
Statement: Spending more taxpayer money on VISIT FL (or less) has not demonstrated a direct impact on tourism.
Speaker: richard corcoran
About the speaker: Richard Corcoran is Florida's appointed education commissioner. He was elected to the state House in 2010 and served as House Speaker 2016-2018.
Date: February 6, 2017
Location: florida
Topics: state budget;tourism
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Corcoran said spending money on Visit Florida doesn’t have a direct impact on the tourism. He has an historical point that spending increases don't always bring more visitors, but that neglects a primary objective of marketing tourism — getting people to spend more money when they’re here. The amount of money visitors spend in Florida has increased steadily over the years. The statement is partially accurate but takes things out of context. We rate it . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/f28a83b6-ea19-458a-bff4-686a39bb879f
Statement: Says U.S. Rep. Ted Yoho said "African Americans should only be given three-fifths of a vote.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 26, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: civil rights;race and ethnicity
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral image said Yoho said "African Americans should only be given three-fifths of a vote." There is no  Yoho said anything specifically about black voters in a 2012 campaign appearance in Ocala. The image was taken from a satirical news story on a satire site that twisted Yoho’s words about voting rights to make him appear biased against black voters.  While Yoho has talked about reducing early voting, the post goes too far in using a  quote to make it appear the congressman wants to strip away African Americans' civil rights. We rate the statement !
Statement: Fish tank additive may treat coronavirus.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: March 20, 2020
Topics: public health;pundits;punditfact;coronavirus
Context: an article
Fact-check justification: A Valley News Live headline said, "Fish tank additive may treat coronavirus." Chloroquine, a compound commonly found in fish-tank cleaners, also forms the basis of a prescription drug used for malaria. There are studies underway to conclude whether that drug, and a variant called hydroxychloroquine, could combat the coronavirus. But the fish-tank cleaner is not the same as the prescription drug, and it shouldn’t be substituted as such. A man in Arizona recently died from ingesting it. We rate this statement .
Statement: As mayor, every year I was in office I did reduce taxes.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: October 2, 2008
Location: national
Topics: taxes
Context: St. Louis
Fact-check justification: But she fails to note that while property tax rates went down, sales tax revenues went up. Some may not consider that a tax increase. But in addition to more revenue from increased economic activity, the sales tax rate also was increased. That increase was tied to funding a new sports complex, and was passed by referendum, but it’s still an additional tax. And so we find Palin's statement .
Statement: The U.S. economy is "recovering slower than Europe
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: April 21, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: economy
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: McDonnell said the U.S. recovery is slower than Europe’s. But looking at the continent as a whole the opposite is . U.S. economic growth gained steam during the second half of 2011 while Europe’s started to flag. This year U.S. GDP is expected to grow at a higher pace than last year while Europe’s growth, is expected to be flat. Only five outpaced the United States in economic growth during the last half of 2011. Only four are expected to outperform the U.S. this year. This information was available before the governor made his comment. We rate McDonnell’s statement .
Statement: Our tax code has nearly doubled since 1985.
Speaker: roy blunt
About the speaker: Roy Blunt is the junior U.S. senator from Missouri. He was formerly a U.S. representative from Missouri’s 7th district, and served for six years as the Republican whip in that chamber.
Date: September 8, 2017
Location: missouri
Topics: taxes
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Blunt said the tax code has nearly doubled since 1985. Government and independent reports suggest the number of words used in the tax grown has grown even more than that. We rate this  .
Statement: The Pentagon itself says that we could eliminate 20 percent of U.S. bases.
Speaker: gary johnson
About the speaker: Gary Johnson is the Libertarian nominee for president in 2016. He was also the party's nominee in 2012. He previously served as governor of New Mexico as a Republican.
Date: August 11, 2016
Location: national
Topics: deficit;federal budget;military
Context: an interview on Fox News
Fact-check justification: Johnson said, "The Pentagon itself says that we could eliminate 20 percent of U.S. bases." What the Pentagon actually said was that the Defense Department has 22 percent more installation space and infrastructure than it's going to need in 2019. That's not the same as reducing the number of bases by 20 percent, as Johnson said. Past experience shows that closing bases involves upfront expenses, with savings taking some time to accrue.  Because his statement contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, we rate it .
Statement: The median net worth of American households hasn't changed much over the past decades, it's about $20,000 ... but Congress' average median net worth has ballooned, more than doubled.
Speaker: ari melber
About the speaker: Ari Melber is a host of MSNBC's "The Cycle" and a correspondent for "The Nation."
Date: February 5, 2014
Topics: congress;wealth;punditfact
Context: a broadcast of MSNBC's "The Cycle"
Fact-check justification: MSNBC’s Melber said that the median net worth of Americans has  changed since 1984 while it has skyrocketed for members of Congress. Experts confirmed that the real and growing gap between the typical American and a member of Congress is on the order described by Melber. However, when Melber said that the median net worth of American households is about $20,500, he failed to note that the figure relied on a peculiar definition of net worth that omitted the value of people's homes. That omission left viewers with a signficant misunderstanding of the real number. Because of that, we rate the  .
Statement: Say a boy was 'caged' in a wire enclosure.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: June 11, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;children;criminal justice;crime
Context: a post by a filmmaker
Fact-check justification: A photo tweeted in opposition to federal authorities separating children from parents detained at the U.S.-Mexico border showed what looked like an unhappy boy in a cage. The photo wasn’t taken of a boy in custody, we found. Rather, the child was in an open-topped enclosure temporarily erected for a June 2018 Texas protest of the separation of children from parents. We rate the tweeted version of the photo .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: In 2011, there were more than 28,000 new Tennessee jobs created and over $4 billion in capital investment. Our Jobs4TN plan is working.
Speaker: bill haslam
About the speaker: Bill Haslam is the former mayor of Knoxville and is now the governor of Tennessee.
Date: January 30, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: The governor said the state has added 28,000 news jobs thanks to his jobs plan. We find he's right about the gains -- he actually understated the number -- but that it's a big stretch to even imply Jobs4TN should get credit for the increase. Much of that plan took effect late in the year and economists told us the job growth is largely a function of the slow but steady nationwide economic recovery. On balance, we rate the statement .
Statement: Barack Hussein Obama will .. force Christian organizations to pay for abortions.
Speaker: government is not god pac
About the speaker: Government Is Not God is a political action committee for social conservatives founded in 1992 by William J. Murray who is currently the chairman of the Religious Freedom Coalition. The mission of Government Is Not God - PAC is the election to Congress of men and women who hold conservative beliefs on both moral and economic issues.
Date: September 23, 2012
Location: national
Topics: abortion;message machine 2012
Context: a newspaper ad
Fact-check justification: Christian organizations won’t be "forced" to hand over money for abortion procedures performed at clinics by doctors. But because employers are now required to provide health insurance for employees under the Affordable Care Act (or otherwise face fines) and because that law dictates that preventive care must be provided at no cost to the insured person, there is some force being applied by the federal government. Preventive care, as defined by HHS, encompasses birth control, emergency contraceptives and sterilization -- health services that some people equate with abortion. Overall, the statement creates a  impression. But that one element of  leads us to rate it .
Statement: Georgia has elected more African-American leaders than any other state in the country.
Speaker: nathan deal
About the speaker: Nathan Deal is running for Georgia governor in 2010.
Date: October 22, 2014
Location: georgia
Topics: elections;race and ethnicity
Context: an Atlanta Journal-Constitution story
Fact-check justification: Membership in a black political group does not translate into data to support Deal’s  about the number of black elected officials in Georgia. Both Deal and PolitiFact Georgia found research, though, that consistently contradicts his . Georgia consistently ranks among states with the most such elected leaders, but it has not been at the top. The only thing that keeps this from being outright  is the lack of more recent data. We rate his statement .
Statement: Scott Wallace wants to tax families of five for 'irresponsible breeding'
Speaker: national republican congressional committee
About the speaker: National Republican Congressional Committee
Date: September 12, 2018
Location: pennsylvania
Topics: population;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: When Scott Wallace held the reins, the candidate's family foundation awarded grants to nonprofits that advocate for family planning in order to limit population growth worldwide. An NRCC ad attempts to link Wallace to statements made in a 50-year-old brochure produced by a group his family foundation gave money to between 1997 and 2003. But Wallace has never personally called for the taxation of people with more than two children or accused them of "irresponsible breeding." We rate this  .
Statement: Says bag litter increased after San Francisco banned single-use shopping bags.
Speaker: drew springer
About the speaker: Freshman state representative in the 2013 Texas Legislature from the Northwest Texas town of Muenster, representing District 68.
Date: March 5, 2013
Location: texas
Topics: environment
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: Springer said San Francisco’s "litter from bags actually increased after enacting their ban" on plastic bags.   A litter audit conducted before the ban took full effect found two more retail plastic bags than the previous year’s sampling. However, the next audit, launched after the ban had been fully in place for nearly a year, saw a two-bag drop. Maybe this means that such litter is decreasing, though we would want more research to reach definitive conclusions. We rate this  as .
Statement: A photo from the Russia-Finland hockey game shows a sad Vladimir Putin and Dmitry Medvedev.
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: February 19, 2014
Topics: sports;punditfact
Context: posts on Twitter
Fact-check justification: A photo making the rounds on Twitter shows a sad-looking Vladimir Putin and Dmitry Medvedev allegedly after Russia’s tournament-ending hockey loss to Finland. The photo is legit. But it was taken days earlier, during a Russian 1-0 victory against Slovakia. We're guessing Putin and Medvedev are sad that their team lost. But the photo circulating on the Internet does not actually depict that. We rate the  .
Statement: Every time outgoing New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo "says the firearm industry 'is immune from lawsuits,' it's false.
Speaker: elise stefanik
About the speaker: Elise Stefanik is a Republican member of Congress representing New York's 21st Congressional District. She was first elected in 2014.
Date: July 6, 2021
Location: new york
Topics: legal issues;guns
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Stefanik tweeted that every time Cuomo "says the firearm industry ‘is immune from lawsuits,’ it's ." Stefanik is basically right. The 2005 Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act grants gun manufacturers some immunity from lawsuits, but it does allow some suits to proceed, depending on the grounds for the lawsuit.  It’s also not accurate for Cuomo to say that the gun industry is alone in this protection; several other industries have similar protections, including service and content providers, vaccine makers, and general aviation manufacturers. That said, the federal lawsuit protection that Cuomo was referencing — immunity from suits stemming from killings by firearms — are the most hotly contested aspect of the law in the policy arena. We rate Stefanik’s statement .
Statement: Says a portfolio managed by the Texas General Land Office earned 22 percent last year while the state's emergency reserve account experienced a 1 percent gain.
Speaker: jerry patterson
About the speaker: Jerry Patterson, who won election to three terms as state land commissioner starting in 2002, filed to seek the post afresh in the 2018 elections. The former state senator from Pasadena unsuccessfully sought the 2014 Republican nomination for lieutenant governor.
Date: August 22, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a letter
Fact-check justification: Patterson’s reference to 22 percent in earnings over the 12 months running through March 2012 does not account for reduced earnings from nearly $1.2 billion in cash-on-call money supporting the agency’s real estate investments. That clarification would be helpful, though it still seems reasonable, overall, to focus on the portion of the portfolio that would be expected to reap sizable gains. Separately, the  seems to reflect the annual earnings on the rainy day fund, though the commissioner’s March-to-March time period does not match the calendar-year approach used by the state comptroller. We rate the statement as .
Statement: Apple has just announced it plans to invest a total of $350 billion in America, and hire another 20,000 workers.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: January 30, 2018
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;taxes
Context: the 2018 State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Apple said it will invest $350 billion in America and hire another 20,000 workers. Trump got the new hires figure right, but Apple’s own announcement doesn’t back him up on the investment dollars. After deducting the costs of paying suppliers and paying taxes, an accounting professor estimated the investment at no more than $37 billion. And based on the press release, it could be $34 billion. That’s still a lot of money, but it’s less than 10 percent of what Trump said. We rate this  .