chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Classified documents can never be taken out of a (sensitive compartmented information facility), ever.
Speaker: brian fitzpatrick
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick, Republican from Pennsylvania's Bucks County 
Date: January 22, 2023
Location: national
Topics: congress
Context: an interview on Fox News Sunday
Fact-check justification: Fitzpatrick said, "Classified documents can never be taken out of a (sensitive compartmented information facility), ever." This is exaggerated. SCIFs must be used when documents with the highest-level classifications have to be reviewed. But even the most highly classified documents can be taken out of a SCIF, as long as specific precautions are taken that ensure similar levels of security.  In addition, it’s not required that documents with lower levels of classifications be viewed in a SCIF in the first place.  Fitzpatrick’s statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it . RELATED : Trump is ; Biden did have the right to declassify records as VP RELATED : Read the Mar-a-Lago search warrant, what agents took
Statement: The true meaning of Hurricane," or Her-ricane, is the spirit of "the African woman who has been stolen.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: September 28, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: environment;race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: The syllable "her" isn't in the word’s actual derivation. However, Zimmer told PolitiFact that the Taino word does relate to a goddess figure.   "Regardless of the rhetorical point, this shouldn't be taken as a serious etymology," Zimmer said. "The resemblance of the first syllable of 'hurricane' to the English word ‘her’ is coincidental." We rate the purported etymology .
Statement: The World Health Organization director general confirmed "some countries are using boosters to kill children.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 15, 2022
Topics: children;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: He then correctly pronounced the same syllable immediately after, with it coming out audibly as ‘cil-children.’" His comments in the video in the Instagram post, put in context , make clear that he’s not talking about countries killing children with vaccines. Tedros was fielding questions from reporters in Geneva on Dec. 20, 2021, about vaccine inequity around the world. He said that it’s better to vaccinate high-risk people in countries where vaccines haven’t been as accessible, rather than giving booster shots to children in high-income countries.   We rate claims that he was asserting that countries are using vaccine boosters to kill children .
Statement: Americans are traveling to Canada to pay 12 times less for insulin than they would here in the US.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: July 8, 2019
Location: florida
Topics: health care
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Scott said that Americans go to Canada to pay 12 times less for insulin than they would in the United States. The difference for most people would not be that great, and in reality, it was not that large even for the people Scott had read about. Nevertheless, insulin prices in Canada tend to be many times lower  than in the United States. Scott’s number points in the right direction, but it overshoots. We rate this  .
Statement: Says "legislation pending in the House would effectively limit or eliminate 'time-and-a-half' for people who work overtime.
Speaker: armond budish
About the speaker: Rep. Armond Budish, a Democrat from Beachwood, Ohio, formerly was speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives. Be became the minority leader in 2011 after Republicans regained control of the House in the 2010 elections.
Date: March 17, 2011
Location: ohio
Topics: labor;small business;workers
Context: The Plain Dealer
Fact-check justification: If the same worker won a lawsuit under federal labor laws, he could win his job back and wages covering those that were lost from the point of termination. "What employer will continue to pay time-and-a-half for each hour of overtime if they can effectively force employees to agree to take comp time at their normal rate of pay?" Gittes said in his testimony to the House Small Business and Economic Development Committee. So where does Budish’s  rate on the -O-Meter? We rate Budish’s statement as .
Statement: Says Hillary Clinton "presided over $6 billion lost at the State Department, sold uranium to the Russians through (her) faux charity, illegally deleted public records, and murdered an ambassador.
Speaker: michael cohen
About the speaker: Michael Cohen is a former attorney for Donald Trump and the Trump Organization.
Date: June 28, 2016
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Cohen tweeted a meme that says Clinton "presided over $6 billion lost at the State Department, sold uranium to the Russians through (her) faux charity, illegally deleted public records, and murdered an ambassador." There are significant problems with each part of the post. During Clinton’s tenure at as secretary of state, the department was reprimanded for shoddy paperwork affecting $6 billion worth of contracts, not "losing" the money. The Clinton Foundation did not sell uranium to the Russians. Clinton’s State Department approved Russia’s purchase of a company with uranium assets in the United States but it was one of 11 organizations to do so. There’s no  that she personally advocated for the deal, nor is there  that people related to the company who donated to the Clinton Foundation did so on a quid pro quo basis. Clinton deleted over 30,000 emails off her private email server without government review. Experts say that’s certainly skirting the rules and her email server in general was not allowed. But to say that it was "illegal" takes it too far, at least for now. Finally, terrorists murdered the U.S. ambassador. None of the seven probes into the Benghazi attacks held Clinton personally responsible for the ambassador’s death, let alone charge her with murder. This  is outrageous. For the post's egregious claims, we rate it !   https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/889dbb44-ef60-4990-aab4-e3cbb0ffe7a4
Statement: Says Bernie Sanders "did not mention race or gender until 23 minutes into this speech" announcing his 2020 presidential run.
Speaker: zerlina maxwell
About the speaker: Zerlina Maxwell is an MSNBC political analyst and former staffer for the Hillary Clinton campaign.
Date: March 2, 2019
Topics: civil rights;punditfact
Context: a panel discussion
Fact-check justification: Maxwell said, Sanders "did not mention race or gender until 23 minutes into this speech" announcing his 2020 presidential run. Sanders made reference to race and gender within the first five minutes of his speech. Maxwell has since acknowledged that she overlooked this, and deleted an erroneous tweet. We rate this .
Statement: Graduation and third-grade reading scores are up in the state since I took office.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: April 16, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: But it’s clear that longer-term trends are at play here on the shorter time frame Walker cites. Our rating Walker said, "Graduation and third grade reading scores are up in the state since I took office." The numbers, in both cases, are up compared with the year before he took office, though the reading scores bounced around some. Some credit may be due prior elected officials, though, because the trend lines haven’t really changed much going back deeper into the pre-Walker era. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Tom Hanks has a volleyball to keep him company while he's quarantined.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 12, 2020
Topics: pop culture;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: We hate to break it to you, Hanks Nation. The image is from a satirical website called The Betoota Advocate . The story , which includes  information about Hanks and the coronavirus, ends on a cheeky note: "To keep him company, the thoughtful and overworked staff at the Gold Coast hospital have brought Hanks in a Wilson volleyball to keep him company during the duration of his stay." The image of Hanks holding a volleyball appears to be edited using this footage of Hanks holding a volleyball someone tossed him at a New York Rangers game in 2015. We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: We have record bankruptcies in farming country.
Speaker: heidi heitkamp
About the speaker: Heidi Heitkamp, a Democrat, served as a U.S. senator from North Dakota from 2013 to 2019.
Date: February 24, 2019
Topics: agriculture;bankruptcy;punditfact
Context: a roundtable on ABC's "This Week"
Fact-check justification: Heitkamp said, "We have record bankruptcies in farming country." In her backyard, the upper Midwest, farm bankruptcies have indeed reached their highest level in at least a decade. But nationally, farm bankruptcies are holding steady, perhaps even falling slightly, and they sit below the levels seen as recently as 2009 to 2012. We rate the statement .
Statement: The United States is "#1 in oil consumption" in the world.
Speaker: richard ojeda
About the speaker: Richard Ojeda, a U.S. Army veteran and Democratic state senator, ran unsuccessfully for a U.S. House seat in West Virginia in 2018. He has announced his interest in pursuing the presidency in 2020.
Date: August 25, 2019
Location: west virginia
Topics: energy
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Ojeda said the United States is "#1 in oil consumption" in the world. That’s correct for total consumption, but that’s partly because of the United States’ large population. On a per capita basis, the United States ranks third behind Saudi Arabia and Canada. We rate the statement .
Statement: As a U.S. senator with salary and perks, ‪#‎Bernie‬ is in the top 1 percent, but still paid only 13 percent in taxes last year.
Speaker: dinesh d'souza
About the speaker: Dinesh D’Souza is a former policy analyst in the Reagan White House and a fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. He served as the president of The King’s College in New York City from 2010 to 2012 and is the author of numerous books and director several documentary films, including "2016: Obama's America."
Date: April 17, 2016
Topics: income;taxes;punditfact
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: D’Souza said, "As a U.S. senator with salary and perks, ‪#‎Bernie‬ is in the top 1 percent, but still paid only 13 percent in taxes last year." Sanders and his wife made $205,617 in 2014, which is at least $100,000 short of what they would need to make it into the top 1 percent of earners. And it would be near impossible for Sanders to make up the difference with Senate perks, given the stringent rules against gifts. That being said, Sanders’ household income likely lands him in the top 6 percent or higher of earners, so still significantly higher than the average American. About 13 percent of Sanders’ income went to federal taxes; it’s a little higher if we include state taxes. As far as we can tell, though, he paid what was expected of him under current law. D’Souza far overstates Sanders’ earnings, and he makes unprovable accusations about perks that Sanders receives as a senator. We rate his  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/df9c222b-a9be-40de-a846-78066affc802
Statement: A six-month study from Pfizer shows that its vaccine "reduces severe COVID symptoms/hospitalizations by .1%.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 4, 2021
Topics: health care;public health;facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post said a Pfizer study showed that its vaccine "reduces severe COVID symptoms/hospitalizations by 0.1%."  That’s not what the study showed, Pfizer and one author of the study said. The study showed the vaccine is 96.7% effective in preventing severe symptoms or hospitalization from COVID-19, compared with a placebo.   The Instagram user said she arrived at her own efficacy number by calculating the absolute risk reduction instead of relative risk reduction. The two metrics measure different things. A representative from Pfizer and the study’s lead author both said the 0.1% figure was incorrectly calculated but did not provide further information. Absolute risk reduction is a valid measure of vaccine efficacy, but the Instagram user used a flawed calculation. We rate this  .
Statement: It's "typical" for a presidential candidate to release 10 or 11 years of tax returns.
Speaker: bill clinton
About the speaker: Bill Clinton was president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is married to Hillary Clinton, the 2016 presidential nominee of the Democratic Party.
Date: July 13, 2012
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;taxes
Context: an interview on 'Today'
Fact-check justification: Clinton said most candidates release about 10 years of tax returns. That's more than the two years of returns Romney has released. Clinton is exaggerating a bit when he puts the "typical" number at 10. Over the decades, we found candidates released anywhere from 30 years of tax returns to one year. A majority of the recent candidates we surveyed did not in fact release a full 10 years of tax returns. On the other hand, a majority of recent candidates did release far more than two years of tax returns. So Romney lags behind most of the pack. Clinton’s statement is partially accurate, but it leaves out important details. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says "our 12 month job increase was the sixth highest in the nation.
Speaker: chris christie
About the speaker: Chris Christie announced June 6, 2023 that he is running for the Republican nomination for president. Christie was the governor of New Jersey and a candidate for the Republican nomination for president in 2016. As governor, Christie won office in 2010 and was re-elected in 2014. Prior to that, he was U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 2002 to 2008. 
Date: July 2, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: jobs
Context: a speech before the state Legislature
Fact-check justification: In a speech Monday during the special session of the state Legislature, Christie claimed "our 12 month job increase was the sixth highest in the nation." That’s a very specific , but it’s only  when you look at New Jersey’s net increase of 59,800 total nonfarm jobs between May 2011 and May 2012. The percentage increase of nearly 1.6 percent leaves the state in 13th place. We rate the statement . To comment on this ruling, go to NJ.com .
Statement: A new ruling by the EPA would force dairy farmers to comply with the Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure Program when dealing with spilt milk -- the same regulations oil and natural gas producers must follow.
Speaker: morgan griffith
About the speaker: Morgan Griffith, a Republican congressman, represents Virginia's 9th District, which includes much of Southwest and part of Southside Virginia. He was first elected to the U.S. House in 2010. He serves on the House's Energy and Commerce Committee, which includes assignments on the Health, Energy and Power, and Oversight and Investigations subcommittees.
He previously served in Virginia's House of Delegates from 1994 to 2011 and was the House Majority Leader beginning in 2000.
Griffith graduated in 1980 from Emory and Henry College, Emory, and obtained a law degree in 1983 from Washington and Lee University School of Law, Lexington.
Date: February 11, 2011
Location: virginia
Topics: environment
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: That’s the exact opposite of what Griffith claims. Sure, Griffith got some of his information from an  editorial in The Wall Street Journal. But a  congressman who is railing against a federal agency has the means to get his facts right. Griffith is dishing udder cow chips. We rate his statement .
Statement: George Floyd's death and the ensuing protests were planned to introduce martial law and "purge" the United States.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 1, 2020
Topics: criminal justice;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Floyd could have been a member at a lodge under a different Minnesota jurisdiction, or he could have been a member in another state and never joined a lodge in Minnesota.   Floyd was the latest in a long line of black men who have died in police custody and outrage over his death, and racism in America, have fueled protests across the country in recent days.   The FBI and the U.S. Department of Justice are investigating Floyd’s death as a possible civil rights violation. The officer who knelt on Floyd’s neck was charged with third-degree murder and manslaughter.   We rate this Facebook post .
Statement: It is true that we know that ISIS is present in Ciudad Juarez (Mexico)
Speaker: trent franks
About the speaker: Trent Franks is a Republican member of the U.S. House representing a district in Arizona.
Date: September 12, 2014
Location: national
Topics: immigration;homeland security;iraq;terrorism
Context: a phone conference
Fact-check justification: Franks said, "It is  that we know that ISIS is present in Ciudad Juarez." We found that it is highly unlikely that ISIS would operate in Mexico and stage an attack that involves crossing the border. The claims originated in an article with unnamed sources, published by a right-wing outlet. We could not find one law enforcement official or another media outlet that independently verified or corroborated the claims. It’s a far stretch to say "we know" with certainty that ISIS is in Juarez, so we rate this  .
Statement: DEP has 2,812 employees, the lowest level since the mid-'80s.
Speaker: jeff tittel
About the speaker: Jeff Tittel is the director of the New Jersey chapter of the Sierra Club.
Date: March 2, 2013
Location: new jersey
Topics: environment;climate change;state budget;workers
Context: an op-ed column on NJ.com
Fact-check justification: So Tittel is off by 78 workers. It’s worth noting that Christie has the final say on the budget and must approve it by June 30. The new fiscal year starts on July 1. So how is DEP staffing now compared with the mid-1980s? We asked Ragonese for annual DEP staffing levels from 1970 to present, but since Tittel wasn’t more specific than "the mid-80s," we’ll look at years 1983 through 1987 and compare those with more recent years.
Statement: Says that U.S. Rep. Allen West is "a constituent of mine.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: July 20, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: elections;redistricting
Context: an interview on CNN
Fact-check justification: West said. We won't answer that. But on the matter at hand, Wasserman Schultz is correct that she can count West as a constituent. And it's okay, according to the U.S. Constitution. We rate this  .
Statement: Says a gun bill before the Senate would make it a federal felony to "leave town for more than seven days, and leave someone else at home with your firearms.
Speaker: arizona citizens defense league
About the speaker: The Arizona Citizens Defense League advocates for "restoring and protecting the rights of law-abiding gun owners."
Date: April 10, 2013
Location: national
Topics: civil rights;criminal justice;crime;guns
Context: an email to supporters
Fact-check justification: An Arizona group says a gun bill before the Senate would make it a federal felony to "leave town for more than seven days, and leave someone else at home with your firearms." Indeed, S. 649, as introduced in the Senate, allows for "temporary transfers" of guns in your own home that last less than seven days. But leaving a house-sitter or roommate with access to weapons while you’re away for a longer stretch, attorneys explained to PolitiFact, could raise the possibility of violating federal law under the bill’s provisions. Still, experts told us a gun owner might avoid such a consequence by locking up weapons and denying permission to use them. And it’s not clear courts would interpret mere access as a transfer of possession. The  is just partially accurate. We rate it .
Statement: Idaho mother sentenced to prison after multiple citations for breastfeeding in public.
Speaker: theseattletribune.com
About the speaker: A website associated with posting fake news.
Date: September 3, 2016
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: The state reportedly has a higher rate of breastfeeding mothers than any other state. In 2016, Miss Idaho America Christi Van Ravenhorst teamed up with a group called the Idaho Breastfeeding Law Coalition to push for a bill, and mothers staged a "nurse-in" on the steps of the state Capitol. The headline on this post, meanwhile, continues to draw the ire of breastfeeding supporters with its  details. We rate it ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/3fb86d8d-c282-4528-b43d-fabd03ef658c