chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: The last majority-Anglo high school class in Texas graduated in 2014.
Speaker: evan smith
About the speaker: Evan Smith, former editor of Texas Monthly, co-founded the Texas Tribune with Ross Ramsey in 2009. He's the Tribune's CEO.
Date: July 10, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: education;history;population
Context: The New Yorker
Fact-check justification: Smith said the last majority-Anglo high school class in Texas graduated in 2014. To the contrary, there remain some Texas high schools with a majority of white students in 12th grade or among graduates, we found, while for all of Texas, state-collected counts show the latest year that white students comprised the majority of public high-school graduates was 2003. White students last accounted for the majority of public high-school seniors in 2001-02. We rate this  .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: Not even old Gen. Eisenhower … saluted military personnel" as president.
Speaker: rachel maddow
About the speaker: Rachel Maddow is the host of MSNBC’s “The Rachel Maddow Show”. She formerly hosted a radio program of the same name on the defunct Air America network.
Date: March 27, 2012
Topics: history;military;punditfact
Context: her book "Drift"
Fact-check justification: Maddow wrote, "Not even old Gen. Eisenhower … saluted military personnel" as president. For the record, no president is required to salute military personnel. And presidential salutes did not become commonplace until Reagan became president. But Eisenhower, a five-star U.S. Army general, did salute "military personnel" as president, at least occasionally. We searched archived videos for about 90 minutes and found video  of seven salutes. Does that mean he did it all the time? No. Reagan perhaps made the practice routine, but Eisenhower did salute military personnel. We rate Maddow's  .
Statement: What was the reality for most Americans during the Obama presidency? Most lost wealth and their incomes fell, particularly for those at the bottom of the ladder.
Speaker: stanley greenberg
About the speaker: Stanley Greenberg is a Democratic pollster and author of the 2019 book, "RIP GOP: How the New America Is Dooming the Republicans."
Date: September 9, 2019
Topics: economy;punditfact
Context: his book, "RIP GOP"
Fact-check justification: Greenberg said, "What was the reality for most Americans during the Obama presidency? Most lost wealth and their incomes fell, particularly for those at the bottom of the ladder." Over the course of Obama’s presidency, wealth and income did either stagnate or decline. However, this full tenure included a precipitous drop from the Great Recession that Obama inherited, so the numbers look better if you start counting from the depths of the recession instead. The Obama team can  they accomplished positive growth on the economy, while Greenberg is right that many everyday Americans still suffered losses.  We rate the statement .
Statement: Russian source behind fake Trump dossier killed in Russian plane crash, Rosatom CFO also dead
Speaker: puppetstringnews.com
About the speaker: A website associated with fake news.
Date: February 11, 2018
Location: national
Topics: fake news;transportation
Context: a fake news blog post
Fact-check justification: This Ivanov Vyacheslav was not on the plane, but a different man by the name was. The man killed in the plane crash was born in 1986,  Snopes reported, whereas the former Rosatom CFO began studying for his degree in 1987. Our ruling  A  news site said that two Russian officials had died in a plane crash. While the list of victims contained names that matched those of the two officials, they were not the same people.   We rate this statement .
Statement: If Missouri Amendment 1 passes, the auditor's office "could take one district, St. Louis here, and merge it with a district in southwest Missouri, a Republican district, and they don't even have to touch.
Speaker: saundra mcdowell
About the speaker: Saundra McDowell, a Republican, is running for Missouri's office of state auditor. She has served as director of enforcement for the securities division of Missouri's secretary of state office and as an assistant attorney general.
Date: August 20, 2018
Location: missouri
Topics: elections
Context: remarks on "The Weekend Report"
Fact-check justification: McDowell said that if Amendment 1 is enacted, the auditor's office will necessitate non-contiguous voting districts. Specifically, she said the auditor's office "could take one district, St. Louis here, and merge it with a district in southwest Missouri, a Republican district, and they don't even have to touch." Her sentiment is too broad and  unfounded. Because the auditor's office does not have complete control over drawing districts, and Amendment 1 is not trying to make every district is evenly split between Republicans and Democrats, McDowell's allegation of non-contiguous voting districts becomes more dubious. Her supposed saving grace — "subject to the requirements of subdivisions (1)(a) and (1)(b)"— is highly debatable and best left up to legal parsing. We rate the statement .
Statement: Foreign Chinese prostitution money is allegedly behind the groups funding Congressman Scott DesJarlais's (TN-04) Republican Majority.
Speaker: democratic congressional campaign committee
About the speaker: The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is responsible for assisting Democratic candidates for the U.S. House.
Date: July 11, 2012
Location: tennessee
Topics: campaign finance
Context: Campaign news release
Fact-check justification: Basically, then, the charge by a disgruntled former employee is adamantly denied by Adelson. DCCC has nonetheless seized upon the questionable , extrapolated and exaggerated it to taint all of Adelson's political donations with prostitution earnings. If stopped there, perhaps this could arguably fall into the realm of standard political hyperbole. But to carry that on down a convoluted line to Scott DesJarlais and talk about "his Chinese prostitution money?" Yep, that sounds like  to us, too.
Statement: A recent spending bill had at least "$1.6 billion in there ... for schools to give them an opportunity to secure them.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: May 23, 2018
Location: national
Topics: education;federal budget;crime;guns
Context: a CNN town hall
Fact-check justification: Responding to a question about preventing gun violence in schools, Pelosi said that a recent spending bill had at least "$1.6 billion in there ... for schools to give them an opportunity to secure them." Her office acknowledged to PolitiFact that she should have said $1.1 billion, the amount devoted to a federal grant program for schools that was funded in the bill. Still, even that figure is likely exaggerated. When the Education Department distributes $1.1 billion in grants under the program she was referencing, school security will have to fight for that money against such items as STEM education and digital education. We rate the statement .
Statement: Video shows Clark County poll worker acting illegally by asking people to place their ballots into a bag outside of a drop box.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: August 5, 2022
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A video shared on Facebook implies that a filmed interaction between an election worker in Washington state and a woman attempting to drop off their ballot is  of voter fraud. Washington state implemented a statewide vote-by-mail system in  2011 after initially allowing it on a county-by-county basis in 2005, and a state law requires counties to prevent long lines from forming at drop boxes.  It has been standard practice for the state to have two election administrators go to a drop box to begin collecting ballots ahead of the voting deadline. Physically collecting the ballots lets administrators whittle down the lines and monitor which voters are able to make it in on time.  We rate this  .  RELATED: All of our fact-checks about elections
Statement: An audit of the last census found that over 370,000 people living in Texas were not counted, and our state lost an estimated $1 billion in federal funds as a result.
Speaker: silvestre reyes
About the speaker: Rep. Reyes, D-El Paso, was first elected to the U.S. House in 1996. He was the first Hispanic American in U.S. history to chair the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, which drafts the laws that govern, fund and oversee the 16 agencies that comprise the U.S. intelligence community. He lost his bid for the Democratic nomination for the seat in 2012 to Beto O'Rourke, a member of the El Paso City Council.
Date: March 11, 2010
Location: texas
Topics: census
Context: an e-mail blast
Fact-check justification: Reyes incorrectly refers to the consultant’s projections as an audit of the census; it was a report. More importantly, Reyes relies -- as have other entities -- on an outdated report based on numbers the Census Bureau has said were flawed. The bureau long ago yanked the statistical rug out from under the  that more than 370,000 Texas residents were not counted and that Texas stood to miss out on $1 billion in aid as a result. This isn't a close call. We rate Reyes' statement as .
Statement: Says The Washington Times ran a front-page headline that said, "President Gore.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 7, 2020
Topics: elections;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Murtaugh has since deleted his tweet. In the 2000 presidential election, some TV news networks called Florida for Gore over George W. Bush, and then, a few hours later, withdrew that projection.   We rate this Facebook post . This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here , for more.
Statement: I watched in Jersey City, N.J., where thousands and thousands of people were cheering" as the World Trade Center collapsed.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: November 21, 2015
Location: national
Topics: terrorism
Context: comments during a speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said he "watched in Jersey City, N.J., where thousands and thousands of people were cheering" as the World Trade Center collapsed. This defies basic logic. If thousands and thousands of people were celebrating the 9/11 attacks on American soil, many people beyond Trump would remember it. And in the 21st century, there would be video or visual . Instead, all we found were a couple of news articles that described rumors of celebrations that were either debunked or unproven. Trump’s recollection of events in New Jersey in the hours after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks flies in the face of all the  we could find. We rate this statement .
Statement: We, the bishops of the United States -- can you believe it -- in 1919 came out for more affordable, more comprehensive, more universal health care.
Speaker: timothy dolan
About the speaker: Cardinal Timothy Dolan has served as archbishop of New York since 2009.
Date: December 1, 2013
Location: national
Topics: health care;religion;sexuality
Context: an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press"
Fact-check justification: Dolan said U.S. bishops have supported expanding health care since 1919. He’s correct that the National Catholic Welfare Council published pro-health-care expansion literature that year, and experts told us that the bishops have regularly supported proposals to expand health care over the years, despite disagreements over specific provisions enacted under Obama, including contraception regulations. We rate Dolan’s  .
Statement: President Joe Biden's daughter-in-law tweeted, "The press is also covering up serious health issues that my father in law is facing. The plan is for Kamala to get a one track ride to the nomination in 2024.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: December 5, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: The Twitter account @HallieBiden was suspended for violating the platform’s rules.   A spokesperson for the Beau Biden Foundation, a charity organization that Hallie Biden  chairs , told USA Today in September that she doesn’t have a Twitter account and that "any account bearing her name is fraudulent." An Aug. 31 archive of the Twitter account shows that its bio said "My beloved Beau’s widow and crackhead Hunter’s ex." The account also lacked a blue checkmark, which at the time would have signaled that the account was official and verified.   We rate claims that the president’s daughter-in-law tweeted plans for Vice President Kamala Harris to run in 2024, among other claims, !
Statement: This is the true picture of 'Milwaukee's Renaissance' after 12 years of Mayor Tom Barrett's leadership.
Speaker: bob donovan
About the speaker: Bob Donovan is a Milwaukee alderman, representing a district on the city's south side.  He was elected to the Common Council in 2000. In July 2014 he declared himself a candidate for mayor of Milwaukee in the 2016 election.
Date: January 29, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city government;housing;poverty;public safety;urban
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Until now. Our rating Donovan said in a Facebook post: "This is the  picture of ‘Milwaukee's Renaissance’ after 12 years of Mayor Tom Barrett's leadership. "  The post included a picture of a dilapidated home, all right. But the condition is explained by the fact that the city Fire Department has set fires inside it and blasted holes in it for training. Donovan’s statement is  and  -- our definition of .
Statement: My recommended budget includes $1 billion in new state funding for education.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: January 10, 2012
Location: florida
Topics: education;state budget
Context: his State of the State address
Fact-check justification: As Rich noted, that’s still below pre-recession levels. Scott is right that he wants to add roughly $1 billion in funding for schools this year, but we think it’s disingenuous to call that money "new" -- a descriptor that gives people a distinct impression that education funding is up. Some of that $1 billion in funding is to pay for new students and to close a gap created by lost funding from declining property values. And it doesn’t quite make up for the deeper cuts Scott signed off on a year ago. We rate his statement .
Statement: Dan Patrick "changed his name from Danny Goeb to hide from" his "debts.
Speaker: david dewhurst
About the speaker: David Dewhurst, the former state land commissioner, was initially elected lieutenant governor of Texas in 2002. He lost his 2012 bid for the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate and lost his bid for re-nomination in 2014.
Date: April 16, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: bankruptcy;candidate biography
Context: a video ad
Fact-check justification: Dewhurst said Patrick changed his name to hide from his debts. The lieutenant governor offered no backup for this , which shakes out as factually illogical. Patrick’s bankruptcy case ended in 1992; he has said he legally changed his name 11 years later. That gap in time alone leads us to see this  as both  and . !  – The statement is not accurate and makes a  . Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: With one stroke of his pen, President Bush has denied health insurance to 3.8 million kids who were due to get it under this bipartisan expansion of the Children's Health Insurance Program.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: October 15, 2007
Location: national
Topics: health care
Fact-check justification: Right now, the SCHIP program is budgeted to spend $5 billion each year over the next five years. The legislation President Bush vetoed on Oct. 3, 2007 would add another $35 billion to the pot between the years 2008 and 2012. Families making 200 percent of the federal poverty line would be eligibile, and in some cases states could go beyond that to reach families with even higher incomes. Biden is using the statistic that most Democrats are using about the number of children who would become eligible under the SCHIP expansion. And, it's an estimate with solid backing, the Congressional Budget Office, the non-partisan research arm of Congress that calculates the cost of legislation.
Statement: Image claims to show a list of "Republican members of Congress whose PPP loans were forgiven.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: August 24, 2022
Location: national
Topics: congress;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: An Instagram post listed 13 Republican politicians who criticized Biden’s plan to cancel student debt but took out Paycheck Protection Program loans that the government forgave. Businesses owned by or associated with the politicians named in the post did receive Paycheck Protection Program loans. Businesses connected to two politicians named in the post received more than the Instagram post showed. We rate this post .
Statement: Michele Bachmann's legislative record is "offering failed amendments.
Speaker: tim pawlenty
About the speaker: Tim Pawlenty is the former governor of Minnesota, having served two terms in office from 2003-2011.
Date: July 24, 2011
Location: national
Topics: candidate biography;voting record
Context: a statement from the campaign
Fact-check justification: In ruling on Pawlenty's statement, he said that Bachmann's record was one of "failed amendments" and "nonexistent." There's a little bit of exaggeration there. In addition to failed amendments, she had failed bills, and those measures did, in fact, exist, even if they didn't pass. But his larger point that Bachmann hasn't had many legislative accomplishments is correct. We rate his statement .
Statement: We've got close to 7 million Americans who have access to health care for the first time because of Medicaid expansion.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: February 20, 2014
Location: national
Topics: health care;medicaid
Context: a speech to Democratic governors
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "We’ve got close to 7 million Americans who have access to health care for the first time because of Medicaid expansion." Obama’s 7 million figure was a stretch even compared to his own administration’s 6.3 million figure. But more problematic is a disconnect between what he said and what the administration data is showing. The administration’s 6.3 million figure includes a lot of the "churn" in Medicaid that has nothing to do with the new law’s Medicaid expansion, as well as new sign-ups of people who were previously eligible for Medicaid -- and thus were not granted "access to health care for the first time because of Medicaid expansion," in Obama’s words. The actual number is estimated to be between one-seventh and two-fifths of what Obama said it was. We rate the  .
Statement: Biden's teleprompter told him to 'LEAVE NOW' when his speech was concluded.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: August 16, 2021
Topics: afghanistan;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: You can see what the teleprompter actually looked like at that moment in this video published by the Washington Post. It occurs about 80 minutes in. It doesn’t say "leave now." Rather, there are three pound signs — ### — indicating the end of the text.   We rate this post .
Statement: Our businesses have created nearly twice as many jobs in this recovery as they had at the same point in the last recovery, when there was no Obamacare.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: July 24, 2013
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs
Context: Galesburg, Ill
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "Our businesses have created nearly twice as many jobs in this recovery as they had at the same point in the last recovery, when there was no Obamacare." Obama’s carefully worded  uses the most advantageous time frame to measure job growth. Other metrics show that the job recovery he has presided over has been similar to, or even weaker than, the job recovery under Bush. So we rate the  .