chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: We have something like one out of four young black men in this country end up in the criminal justice system. They may end up in jail, they may end up on parole, they may end up on probation.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: August 15, 2019
Location: national
Topics: criminal justice
Context: an interview with Cardi B
Fact-check justification: Sanders said "one out of four young black men in this country end up in the criminal justice system." We found that the senator’s specific  is not directly supported by federal crime statistics, however you read it. That said, it might be a reasonable estimate based on incarceration trends and older research on crime rates among black men. Sanders’ statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: They're going to be giving these people who come across the border, giving them smartphones.
Speaker: rob wittman
About the speaker: Rob Wittman, a Republican, represents Virginia's first 1st Congressional District, which stretches from Newport News to some outlying Norther Virginia preincts.
Wittman worked for 20 years at the Virginia Department of Health as an environmental health specialist and as field director for the Division of Shellfish Sanitation.
He served on the Montross Town Council from 1986 to 1996 and on the Westmoreland County Board of Supervisors from 1996 to 2005. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 2005. Two years later, he won a special election to Congress following the death of Rep. Jo Ann Davis, a Republican.
Wittman holds a B.S. in biology from Virginia Tech, a Master's degree in public health from the University of North Carolina and a Ph.D. in public policy and administration from Virginia Commonwealth University.
Date: April 8, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: immigration;corrections and updates;homeland security
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: The smartphones given to some immigrants detained by ICE are used to track them with a pre-installed application after they are released from custody. The phones cannot be used for anything else. ICE has been using the phones and the tracking application since 2018.   Wittman’s statement is partially accurate, but leaves out important details and context. We rate it .
Statement: We've used (generally accepted accounting principles) here in this building the last two years.
Speaker: dale kooyenga
About the speaker: Dale Kooyenga, born February 12, 1979, was elected as a Republican in the fall of 2010 to represent the 14th District for the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was re-elected in 2012. He lives in Brookfield in suburban Milwaukee. Kooyenga, an accountant, is part of the so-called "CPA Caucus" in the Assembly. He is a U.S. Army veteran of the Iraq War and earned a Bronze Star for his service, his official bio states.
Date: September 18, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;states
Context: a legislative hearing
Fact-check justification: State officials, including Kooyenga and his caucus, have partially "used" significant moves to improve the GAAP deficit picture, and they have increased public awareness of it. But those principles certainly haven’t been fully put to use; not even close. Most of the GAAP deficit remained after those two years. And left unmentioned by Kooyenga is that much of the progress in decreasing it is projected to be reversed in fiscal 2014 and 2015. We rate his  .
Statement: Stacey Abrams burning the flag of the state she seeks to serve as Governor.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: October 21, 2018
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Fact-check justification: "Stacey was involved with a permitted, peaceful protest against the Confederate emblem in the flag. This conversation was sweeping across Georgia as numerous organizations, prominent leaders, and students engaged in the ultimately successful effort to change the flag." While it’s  that Abrams was at a protest where Georgia’s state flag was burned, context matters. It wasn’t the flag that the state flies today, because the Confederate symbol that Abrams was protesting has been removed. We rate this statement .
Statement: The federal minimum wage is worth about 20 percent less than it was when Ronald Reagan" gave his first address to a joint session of Congress.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: January 28, 2014
Location: national
Topics: economy;history;income;workers
Context: the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Obama said, "the federal minimum wage is worth about twenty percent less than it was when Ronald Reagan" gave his first State of the Union address. Obama's not far off, but it’s actually closer to 16 percent less. And using Reagan to make a case to raise the minimum wage should be taken with a grain of salt since the former president never increased it during his two terms. And by Reagan’s last State of the Union, the minimum wage was $2 less than when he first took office, if you factor in inflation. The statement is largely accurate but needs clarification or additional information, so we rate it . UPDATE, Jan. 29, 2014 : After we published this story, an alert reader noted that our original paraphrase of part of Obama's quote was . We had written that Obama had said "the federal minimum wage is worth about 20 percent less than it was when Ronald Reagan" gave his first State of the Union address. As the reader pointed out, a new president's first address to a joint session of Congress -- the 1981 speech that Obama was referring to -- is not officially called a State of the Union address. So we have rewritten our paraphrase in the ruling statement above to remove the reference to the State of the Union. It does not affect the rating of .
Statement: The amount of interest" paid on the federal debt exceeds "total tax revenue.
Speaker: chris kapenga
About the speaker: Republican Chris Kapenga, a certified public accountant and small-business owner, was elected to the Wisconsin Assembly in 2010. He represents the Delafield area west of Milwaukee.
Date: August 23, 2013
Location: wisconsin
Topics: corporations;debt;federal budget;taxes
Context: a newsletter
Fact-check justification: Corporate tax revenue in 2012 was $242 billion, exceeding the $220 billion in net interest payments. For 2013 , the difference is projected to be even greater -- $291 billion versus $223 billion. Our rating Kapenga said "the amount of interest" paid on the federal debt exceeds the federal government’s "total tax revenue." In fact, tax revenue is a number of times higher than what the government pays in interest on the debt. We rate Kapenga’s statement .
Statement: Says David Perdue made tens of millions of dollars piling a firm with billions in debt.
Speaker: democratic party of georgia
About the speaker: Democratic Party of Georgia
 
Date: July 28, 2014
Location: georgia
Context: a press release
Fact-check justification: The  mischaracterizes how leveraged buyouts work, putting the buyer in debt instead of the seller. Perdue also could not act unilaterally to sell the firm but needed his board and shareholders to agree. Moreover, it was not up to Perdue to stay. KKR paid him $42 million to leave, so it could install its own CEO. We rate the  .
Statement: A bill passed by GOP legislators "makes it harder to prosecute people and groups that violate campaign finance laws.
Speaker: roy cooper
About the speaker: Roy Cooper, a Democrat, is the governor of North Carolina. Previously he was the attorney general, a state senator and a state representative.
Date: December 26, 2018
Location: north carolina
Topics: elections
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: Cooper said a bill passed by GOP legislators "makes it harder to prosecute people and groups that violate campaign finance laws." The new law will require complaints to be signed and sworn, the elections board to abide by a new statute of limitations, and the state ethics commission to weigh in on cases. Supporters of the law could argue that those additions to the process are relatively small obstacles to clear to prosecute someone for campaign finance violations. And they may have a point. But the new requirements are hurdles, nonetheless. We rate this  . This story was produced by the North Carolina Fact-Checking Project, a partnership of McClatchy Carolinas, the Duke University Reporters’ Lab and PolitiFact. The NC Local News Lab Fund and the International Center for Journalists provide support for the project, which shares fact-checks with newsrooms statewide. To offer ideas for fact checks, email  [email protected] .
Statement: As mayor, [Allan Fung] raised taxes three times.
Speaker: american leadhership pac
About the speaker: The American LeadHERship PAC is a political action committee that describes itself as "an organization dedicated to increasing the ranks of progressive women in governors' seats across the country." During the 2014 election, the only candidate featured on its website was Gina Raimondo, a Democrat who was ultimately elected Rhode Island governor.
Date: October 8, 2014
Location: rhode island
Topics: city budget;debt;economy;history;labor;pensions;retirement;workers;taxes
Context: a TV commercial
Fact-check justification: For example, early in his term, general revenue sharing, where the state gave about $55 million from sales and income taxes to municipalities, was eliminated. But he and the city ultimately stabilized the budget and during the last three of his six years in office, the city has not raised taxes. In the end, the statement in the American LeadHERship commercial is accurate. But because it leaves out the important context of the three most-recent years in which he did not raise taxes, we rate it  . (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, email us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: In 2011, "the average annual compensation for a teacher in the Milwaukee Public Schools system will exceed $100,000.
Speaker: maciver institute
About the speaker: The MacIver Institute is a Madison, Wis.-based conservative think tank and news organization.
Date: March 3, 2010
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;labor;state budget
Context: a video news release
Fact-check justification: That was lower than eight other school districts in Milwaukee County, including Greendale, Greenfield, Shorewood, Cudahy, Fox Point, South Milwaukee, Franklin and Nicolet, which was highest at just over $103,000. Let’s return to the MacIver Institute . The conservative think tank said the average annual compensation for a Milwaukee Public Schools teacher would exceed $100,000 in 2011. As of July 1, 2011, according to the school district, that figure will be $101,091. MacIver’s  is .
Statement: American colleges amount to a "cartel.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: May 14, 2016
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "The only example in which universities coordinate to set prices is the Ivy League's decision to prohibit scholarships that are not need-based, which has the effect of raising overall prices," she said. Even then, the eight Ivy League schools are only a tiny portion of the 4,200 accredited institutions. Our rating Ryan called to break up the "college cartel," implying that collusion is preventing better options from entering the higher education market. While it is  that the accreditation process acts as a "gatekeeper" of federal student aid, but that is a policy standard and, in practice, is different than a cartel which would require collusion between institutions and many other factors. For a statement that contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would leave a different impression, we rate the  .
Statement: Dan Gecker voted to "double vehicle registration fees, costing (Chesterfield) county residents over $6 million annually.
Speaker: glen sturtevant
About the speaker: Sturtevant, an attorney, is a member of the Richmond School Board. He is seeking the 10th District state senate seat held by outgoing GOP Sen. John Watkins.
Date: October 2, 2015
Location: virginia
Topics: county government;taxes
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Sturtevant says Gecker "voted to double vehicle registration fees, costing county residents $6 million annually in additional fees." The simple  is just the opposite. When the $20 increase came up for a vote before the Chesterfield Board of Supervisors in April 2014, Gecker opposed it. Despite his opposition, it passed on a 3-2 vote. Sturtevant, in trying to justify his , dismisses this obvious vote. His campaign instead argues that Gecker subsequently voted to pass massive spending plans that fund all of the county’s public services and public improvement projects. The new registration fees were a tiny part of these plans. The Sturtevant camp also notes that Gecker, in 2014, voted to advertise that the board was considering the $20 increase. But that’s not tantamount to voting in support of the increase. Local governing boards are required to give notice for a public hearing whenever a fee or tax increase is on the table. Keep your eye on the ball. Again, the only time the fee increase came up for a direct vote, Gecker opposed it. We rate Sturtevant’s  .
Statement: Says Sherrod Brown in 1978 "voted for stricter removal standards (for voter registration) and then enforced them as Secretary of State.
Speaker: ohio republican party
About the speaker: Statewide organization for Ohio's Republicans.
Date: June 12, 2018
Location: ohio
Topics: elections;legal issues;states
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Ohio Republicans said in 1978, Brown "voted for stricter removal standards (for voter registration) and then enforced them as Secretary of State." Brown did vote for a bill in 1978 that removed voters after four years, which is more strict that the six-year process upheld this year by the U.S. Supreme Court. However, the GOP’s tweet ignores the context of that 1978 bill and what led to it. The bill implemented a policy approved by voters in a Constitutional amendment. Brown couldn’t undo the amendment. The Ohio GOP also ignores Brown’s full record on voter registration. In 1977, Brown voted for a bill that eliminated "failure to vote as a reason for the cancellation of registration." The Republicans also omit Brown’s efforts to increase the voter registration rolls while he was Secretary of State. During that time, he warned voters that they could have their registrations cancelled for not voting. The  is partially accurate but leaves out important context. We rate this  .
Statement: Driving with a dog in your lap is dangerous, in part, because it could fly forward in a crash. "An 80-pound dog at only 30 mph packs a 2,400-pound punch.
Speaker: peter palumbo
About the speaker: Peter Palumbo was a Rhode Island state representative whose district included Cranston. He served in the legislature from 1994 until he was defeated for reelection in 2014. Prior to that he was a Cranston City Councilman for five years.
Date: January 22, 2013
Location: rhode island
Topics: animals;consumer safety;government regulation;public safety
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: In arguing for a proposed law that would ban dogs from the laps of drivers, Rep. Peter Palumbo says that AAA says the practice is "dangerous because an unrestrained 10-pound dog traveling at 50 miles per hour flies forward with 500 pounds of pressure in a crash and an 80-pound dog at only 30 mph packs a 2,400-pound punch." Driving with a dog in your lap is dangerous, but not for the reason he cites. Because his statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context, we rate  . (After publication of this item, several readers informed us that the characterization of the force of a flying dog -- as made by AAA and repeated by Palumbo -- was . ("One cannot simply multiply speed by weight to get an impact force," said Daniel Schmidt of Blacksburg, Va., a mathematics graduate student at Virginia Tech. "Think about this: running into something at high speed would hurt just as much in deep space, where all weights are zero." ("For that matter, there is no way to calculate the impact force from the given data," he said, citing one problem in Palumbo's -- and AAA's -- statement. "One would also need to know how long it takes for the dog (and the car) to stop moving. Stopping relatively slowly would mean that the force would be small, and stopping very suddenly would produce a huge force, even with the same mass and initial velocity." ) (If you have a  you’d like PolitiFact Rhode Island to check, e-mail us at [email protected] And follow us on Twitter: @politifactri.)
Statement: When you read the Koran, it talks about don't take Christians and Jews as your friends.
Speaker: sean hannity
About the speaker: Sean Hannity is a conservative political commentator and hosts a nationally syndicated radio show, as well as two television shows on the Fox News Channel. In a 2013 interview Hannity said that he is a “registered Conservative” and ”not a Republican, though people often mistake me for one.” Hannity has authored three books.
Date: May 12, 2014
Topics: islam;punditfact
Context: a segment on "Hannity"
Fact-check justification: In a segment condemning Boko Haram, Hannity said the Koran contains a verse that "talks about don't take Christians and Jews as your friends." While some English translations of the Koran do include a similar phrase, some experts say Hannity is isolating the phrase out of its proper context. Also there is a debate if the  meaning of the passage is somehow altered in the translation itself. Much of the meaning depends on how people interpret scripture, which can be said for any spiritual text. Hannity’s  is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate it .
Statement: Says Joe Manchin "supported Obama and Clinton's campaigns to kill coal jobs.
Speaker: patrick morrisey
About the speaker: Patrick Morrisey is the attorney general of West Virginia. Morrisey is running for the West Virginia U.S. Senate seat.
Date: October 13, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: environment;energy
Context: a campaign ad
Fact-check justification: A tweet posted by Patrick Morrisey and shared by Donald Trump Jr. said that Manchin "supported Obama and Clinton's campaigns to kill coal jobs." Manchin actively opposed the two biggest efforts backed by Obama and Clinton over coal industry opposition: the cap-and-trade bill and the Clean Power Plan. He also pursued other legislative and regulatory efforts that aided the coal industry. We rate the statement .
Statement: Says New Hampshire had the fourth-lowest unemployment rate in the country during Maggie Hassan's time in the state Senate.
Speaker: maggie hassan
About the speaker: New Hampshire Democrat Maggie Hassan was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2016. She formerly served as governor and as a state lawmaker in New Hampshire. 
Date: November 7, 2012
Location: new hampshire
Topics: jobs;taxes
Context: an interview on the Daily Rundown on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: And, by the time Hassan left office in 2010, New Hampshire’s rate had returned to fourth, where it stood in her first year. We’ll give the new governor credit for getting her numbers right (). But, her stated connection between the unemployment rate and New Hampshire’s tax structure doesn’t hold up. Analysts in New Hampshire and around the country suggest that other factors --  including states’ size, demographics and work base -- drive unemployment more than taxes. We rate this  .
Statement: Says a viral photo shows Susan B. Anthony being "beaten and arrested for trying to vote" in 1872.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: June 6, 2019
Topics: fake news;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral photo on social media is captioned as depicting Susan B. Anthony being "beaten and arrested for trying to vote" in 1872. While the image was taken during a voting rights protest, the woman is not Susan B. Anthony, and the photo was not captured in the United States or in 1872. The image, believed to be of suffragette Ada Wright, was featured on the front cover of a British newspaper following a suffragette protest in London in November 1910. We rate this .
Statement: In North Carolina, they used stimulus money to hire one new state worker. His job, apply for more stimulus funds from the taxpayers by the way of the federal government.
Speaker: john boehner
About the speaker: John Boehner of Ohio is the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was formerly the Republican minority leader from 2007-2011, and was the majority leader briefly prior to that.
Date: July 2, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;stimulus
Context: a Web ad
Fact-check justification: But that's not supported by the facts. Yes, the city of Washington, N.C., got $40,234 in stimulus money to pay for an employee whose job, in part, will be to pursue federal grant money to help offset the cost of a new police station. But there's a difference between federal grants and the stimulus, and city officials say there doesn't appear to be any stimulus money available for this project. So the ad has a catchy line, but it's not . We rate it .