chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: President Trump has sent 14,000 American troops to the (Middle East) region since May. So he can't tell his political rallies that he's getting troops out of endless wars when he's sending 14 times the amount back into the region.
Speaker: brett mcgurk
About the speaker: Brett McGurk is President Donald Trump’s former special envoy for the coalition to counter the Islamic State. He previously served in senior national security positions under Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama.
He is currently a lecturer at Stanford University, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and a foreign affairs analyst for NBC News and MSNBC.
Date: October 20, 2019
Topics: foreign policy;military;punditfact
Context: an MSNBC appearance
Fact-check justification: McGurk said, "President Trump has sent 14,000 American troops to the (Middle East) region since May. So he can't tell his political rallies that he's getting troops out of endless wars when he's sending 14 times the amount back into the region." His number matches what the Pentagon has publicly reported in press releases and briefings. We rate this statement .
Statement: [U.S. Rep. Conor Lamb] said he would NOT vote for [Nancy Pelosi] for Speaker, and did.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: May 25, 2020
Location: national
Topics: coronavirus;pennsylvania
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Trump accused Lamb of voting to make Pelosi speaker of the house, but his voting record from the January 2019 speaker election clearly shows he voted for another candidate. We rate this statement .
Statement: Says Ruth Bader Ginsburg tweeted, "I have information that will lead to the arrest of Hillary Clinton.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: September 19, 2020
Topics: supreme court;facebook fact-checks
Context: a faked screenshot
Fact-check justification: But the  is easily debunked . Whoever created @RBGOfficial in 2013 has zero followers and tweets. Ginsburg died of complications from metastatic pancreatic cancer in her Washington home. She was 87. We rate this post .
Statement: Video shows John F. Kennedy Jr. at Donald Trump's presidential inauguration.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 4, 2023
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: His body was recovered several days after the crash.   This agent was the subject of another conspiracy theory back in 2017. The Daily Mail and Inside Edition among others reported on  claims that he was wearing prosthetic hands so that he could hold a gun under his coat. Video footage of the event disproved this rumor.  Claims that Kennedy is alive stem from the QAnon movement, whose proponents have suggested that he is behind the so-called Q drops .   We rate claims that Kennedy attended Trump’s inauguration !
Statement: Bill Gates is behind the five recent cases of malaria in the United States.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: July 3, 2023
Topics: public health;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook reel
Fact-check justification: Social media posts claimed Gates’ financial support of mosquito programs led to the five recent cases of malaria in the U.S. Over the years, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has given money to companies to help combat malaria’s spread in areas where the disease is most prevalent, such as Africa and Central America. However, the foundation has not funded any U.S. mosquito release programs. The foundation has given money to Oxitec to combat malaria in Africa and Central America. And although Oxitec does research in the U.S., it is unrelated to malaria. The company is using genetically modified Aedes aegypti mosquitoes — not the type that carry malaria — to control the mosquito population and reduce the spread of diseases. We rate this  .
Statement: Mayor Barrett saved Milwaukee $25 million, thanks to Gov. Walker's reforms.
Speaker: club for growth
About the speaker: The Club for Growth is an anti-tax group.
Date: January 4, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city budget;state budget;unions
Context: a billboard ad
Fact-check justification: But the billboard refers to Walker’s "reforms," which is the changes tied to  the collective bargaining issue. It is making a narrower , on how much was saved from the reforms, not how the city fared overall. Our conclusion Billboards say Walker’s "reforms" allowed Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett to save $25 million for the city. The city is that much ahead, but a portion was Barrett’s doing before Walker’s budget was enacted. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Tony Evers "wants to cut Wisconsin's prison population in half, a dangerous plan that today would mean releasing thousands of violent criminals back into our communities.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: September 12, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: criminal justice;crime
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Evers has stated that a 50 percent reduction is a goal. But he has not put a time frame on achieving that — a crucial factor in determining whether inmates of convicted of violent crimes would have to be released. Experts say a 50 percent reduction over a relatively short period, say a few years, would require the release of inmates convicted of violent crimes. But some say it’s possible to cut the population in half, perhaps over 10 years, without the release of any violent offenders, or at least not thousands of them. For a statement that is partially accurate, our rating is .
Statement: West Virginia has "more veterans per capita" than any state.
Speaker: joe manchin
About the speaker: Joe Manchin is a U.S. senator from West Virginia. The former governor of West Virginia won a special election in November 2010 to complete the balance of the late Sen. Robert Byrd’s term.
Date: September 16, 2018
Location: west virginia
Topics: population;veterans
Context: remarks at a teachers' rally
Fact-check justification: Manchin said that West Virginia has "more veterans per capita" than any state. Compared to the nation as a whole, West Virginia’s percentage of veterans is higher than average. But it’s not first on the list — in fact, it’s not even in the top five. We rate the statement .
Statement: If Austin voters reject Proposition 1, a "completely new City-run" criminal background check "process will cost millions in processing fees, additional staff, and bureaucracy" with taxpayers getting "the bill.
Speaker: ridesharing works for austin
About the speaker: Ridesharing Works for Austin raised the signatures needed to place Proposition 1 on Austin's May 7, 2016 ballot. If approved, the proposition would require the city to accept name-based background checks of drivers for ride-hailing services conducted by the services. If rejected, such drivers would be required to undergo fingerprinting and national background checks run through the FBI.
Date: April 26, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: city budget;city government;transportation;taxes
Context: a voter mailer noted by a reader
Fact-check justification: The Ridesharing Works group said that if voters reject Proposition 1, a "completely new city-run" criminal background check "process will cost millions in processing fees, additional staff and bureaucracy" with taxpayers getting "the bill." This  isn’t backed up by Houston’s avowed experience or available facts about Austin’s approach. What happens next does seem a bit unsettled. For instance, it's up in the air who’s going to pay for each background check reviewed by the city. We also found no authoritative cost estimate for the city’s oversight. Additional staff might be needed, we learned, yet the relevant department also advises it can lean on existing staff. However, we neither fielded nor found  the city’s contemplated reviews of background checks will cost millions. Significantly too, taxpayers aren't poised to get the bill; city costs are to be covered from a fee-backed fund, not tax revenue. We rate this statement .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/25a93054-0729-4f6a-b46d-b20268e6c6ec
Statement: John McCain, "one of the richest people in a Senate filled with millionaires," says the solution to the housing crisis is for people to get a "second job" and "skip their vacations.
Speaker: moveon.org
About the speaker: MoveOn.org is a left-leaning political advocacy group. It endorsed Sen. Barack Obama for the Democratic nomination.
Date: April 5, 2008
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: an e-mail
Fact-check justification: Instead, he was praising people who took extra steps to meet their house payments. That's a significant distortion of what he was saying. So we find MoveOn's statement to be . Update: This item has been updated to include information about Cindy McCain's tax return, which was released on May 23, 2008.
Statement: Every year tobacco kills more Americans than did World War II — more than AIDS, cocaine, heroin, alcohol, vehicular accidents, homicide and suicide combined.
Speaker: george will
About the speaker: George Will is a conservative columnist syndicated by the Washington Post.
Date: June 18, 2009
Location: national
Topics: consumer safety
Context: a Washington Post op-ed
Fact-check justification: As for the part about World War II, Will came up with this comparison himself. About 292,000 soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines were killed in battle during World War II, according to a U.S. Census Bureau April 29, 2004, report in commemoration of the new World War II memorial in Washington, D.C. An additional 114,000 members of U.S. forces died of other causes during the war, bringing the total to 406,000 people. Will's  — that smoking kills more people annually than in World War II or from other dangerous diseases and habits — holds up with the CDC and the Census Bureau. As a result, we give Will a .
Statement: The U.S. ranks 37th in the world for health care.
Speaker: paul hipp
About the speaker: a singer and actor
Date: September 9, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a YouTube video
Fact-check justification: For instance, Italy finished second in WHO's study, even though only 20 percent of its citizens say they were satisfied with their health care system. Meanwhile, Denmark ranked 16th in the WHO report even though 91 percent of Danes say they were satisfied. So while Hipp is right that the United States ranked 37th in the most widely known barometer in the WHO study, it ranked 15th by another WHO ranking and, for one factor (responsiveness) it actually ranked No. 1. Still, this is a rock song, and a well-sourced one at that. So we find Hipp's  to be .
Statement: Says Bill Nelson "skipped 45 percent of the hearings on national security.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: September 18, 2018
Location: florida
Topics: congress
Context: an ad
Fact-check justification: Scott said Nelson "skipped 45 percent of the hearings on national security." The Scott campaign’s data for Nelson’s 16 years on the Senate Armed Services Committee shows he missed 284 hearings out of 636. However, this omits that for some types of hearings there is no publicly available attendance record. This count is not perfect. We rate this statement .
Statement: UPDATE: 'Thousands' voted for Doug Jones in Alabama town with population of 2,256
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: December 13, 2017
Topics: elections;fake news;punditfact
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: No mention of it in the U.S. Census’ list of places in Alabama. As of 2 p.m. Dec. 15, Moore had not conceded the race, arguing that military and provisional ballots had not been counted yet and that the Alabama secretary of state still hadn’t certified the race. ( In a CNN interview , the Alabama secretary of state expressed skepticism that election outcome would be different.) Ladies of Liberty says its posts are not  news because they are "not real." We say Ladies of Liberty’s post is !
Statement: Says "Florida is a model" for successful pretrial release programs.
Speaker: john oliver
About the speaker: John Oliver is the host of "Last Week Tonight" on HBO. Previously he was a correspondent for Comedy Central's "The Daily Show."
Date: June 7, 2015
Topics: criminal justice;crime;punditfact
Context: a segment about bail on "Last Week Tonight"
Fact-check justification: Oliver said "pretrial service programs have succeeded around the country," namely Florida, adding, "And it is a truly frightening state of affairs when Florida is a model for progressive change." Experts in pretrial justice, several of whom talked with Oliver’s staff, said certain counties within Florida have demonstrated success with pretrial services as a way to reduce jail costs and eliminate overcrowding in jails. But they said he went a bit too far in leaving his viewers with the idea that Florida is among states that go above and beyond for defendants. There are pockets of progress, advocates said, but the commercial bail bonding industry is also strong in the state, and not every county has pretrial services. Oliver’s  rates  . Correction: An earlier version of this story misstated the name of the Florida Legislature's Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability.
Statement: Most of the jobs that we lost were lost before the economic policies we put in place had any effect.
Speaker: barack obama
About the speaker: Barack Obama is the former president of the United States. Obama also served as a U.S. senator from Illinois. He was born in 1961 in Hawaii, where his parents met as students at the University of Hawaii. Obama's father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. He graduated from Columbia University and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. Obama previously served in the Illinois state Senate and was an instructor at the University of Chicago Law School. He and his wife, Michelle, have two daughters, Malia and Sasha.
Date: October 27, 2010
Location: national
Topics: economy;jobs;stimulus
Context: an interview on "The Daily Show with Jon Stewart"
Fact-check justification: Since May, however, the losses -- albeit smaller ones -- have returned, giving Republicans fresh ammunition. For example, payroll employment dropped 57,000 between July and August 2010. "I watched the president on Stewart’s show last night, and I thought his basic point about the timing of the employment losses was correct and ought to be noncontroversial," Gary Burtless, a labor markets expert at the centrist-to-liberal Brookings Institution said in an e-mail. There's still plenty to debate about the stimulus and its impact on the economy, and the recent reversal of job gains is troubling. But the numbers support Obama's statement, so we rate it .
Statement: Marjorie Taylor Greene just scrubbed her Twitter feed of all things Gaetz.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: April 5, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: As recently as April 13, Green tweeted that she has "proudly defended @mattgaetz from the beginning because I know that he’s done nothing . "  The photo of Greene and Gaetz that appears in the Facebook post is also still there; she shared it on Feb. 7, 2020 .   And on April 5, the day this post was published on Facebook, Greene tweeted : "Show me 1 woman who has spoken out against @mattgaetz! … This is nothing but a deep state attack and media smear fest to take him down. "  We rate this post .
Statement: From 2008 to 2011, "the pages in the conforming bills have gone from 400 pages to 2,200.
Speaker: jack latvala
About the speaker: Jack Latvala is the senator from the 16th district. He was elected in 2010, and previously served in the Senate from 1994-2002.
Date: May 7, 2011
Location: florida
Topics: state budget
Context: comments made on the Senate floor
Fact-check justification: In total, we counted 2,170 pages of conforming bills (the specific number can vary slightly based on the exact number of pages in the government reorganization bill). Compare that to 2008 , when there were 29 conforming bills and a total of 499 pages. We built a spreadsheet so you can see the difference between the years for yourself. Latvala said that from 2008-2001, "the pages in the conforming bills have gone from 400 pages to 2,200." We rate this  .
Statement: We have more women living in poverty in this state than almost anywhere else.
Speaker: maxey scherr
About the speaker: Maxey Scherr describes herself on her campaign website as a single mother and lawyer.
Date: January 23, 2014
Location: texas
Topics: economy;population;poverty
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: Scherr said more women live in poverty in Texas than almost anywhere else. In raw numbers, California in 2012 had the most women in poverty followed by Texas. But poverty rate is a more reasonable yardstick to compare states. The rounded Texas rate--indicating about 18 percent of its women aged 18-64 lived in poverty in 2012--tied the state for fifth with some other states. Breaking out each state's rate to tenths of percentage points, though, shows 14 states with a greater share of women in poverty than Texas. We rate this , which could have been more precise, as .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.
Statement: On the new dollar coins, "'In God We Trust' is gone!
Speaker: chain email
About the speaker: Chain emails circulate on the Internet, usually anonymously, making a variety of political claims.
Date: February 5, 2010
Location: national
Topics: patriotism
Context: a message circulated to many people
Fact-check justification: "In God We Trust" also appears on the front of the Native American and Sacagawea dollars. Since 2009, all of the coins in the presidential series have had "In God We Trust" inscribed on the front. The e-mail was as  in 2007 (except for those rare coins mistakenly minted with no inscriptions), and it is  in 2010. You can see "In God We Trust" on the presidential , Sacagawea and American Indian dollars. So we find the  .
Statement: The average rate of fraud" in the Earned Income Tax Credit, Medicare, Medicaid and food stamps programs "is 20 to 25 percent.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: January 10, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: federal budget;crime;medicaid;medicare;welfare;taxes
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: So, even the average among the four programs would be far less than what Johnson claimed. More importantly, those are error rates; there are no figures on the rate of fraud, which is believed to be a small component of errors. Johnson’s remark to the group was grossly .     For a  that is  and , we give Johnson a . To comment on this item, go to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel website .
Statement: Tom Ganley supports a 23 percent national sales tax that would raise taxes on the middle class while giving a huge tax break to millionaires like himself.
Speaker: ohio democratic party
About the speaker: Statewide organization for Ohio's Democrats.
Date: October 6, 2010
Location: ohio
Topics: taxes
Context: a statement posted on a website
Fact-check justification: "Though there are many proposed solutions, lowering taxes to grow the private sector will ultimately help bring our country back to prosperity." Ganley has called for "fair taxes," but we could not find his "supportive" position on the Fair Tax  plan, or his stated openness to it, translating into a direct endorsement. So there’s a shred of  to the . He has called for the Fair Tax to be considered, but:         We rate this  . Comment on this item .
Statement: The permission to engage was given before the word RPG was ever used.
Speaker: julian assange
About the speaker: Julian Assange is one of the founders of the whistleblower Web site, Wikileaks.
Date: April 12, 2010
Location: national
Topics: ethics;human rights;military
Context: an interview on Comedy Central's "The Colbert Report"
Fact-check justification: Still, the soldiers in the Apache reported, "Five to six individuals with AK-47s." That's what the permission to engage appears to have been based upon. RPG's were not specifically referred to by that point, but other "weapons" were. And so while Assange's statement is technically accurate, we think it leaves out critical context. And we rule it .