chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: Seventy percent of Missourians support voter photo ID legislation.
Speaker: caleb rowden
About the speaker: Caleb Rowden is a member of the Missouri House of Representatives representing District 44.
Date: March 4, 2016
Location: missouri
Topics: elections;legal issues;race and ethnicity
Context: a Columbia/Boone County League of Women Voters Town Hall
Fact-check justification: Rowden’s statement that "70 percent of Missourians support voter photo ID identification" isn’t fully supported by the poll he provided. The poll Rowden cited only asks about "requiring Missouri driver’s licenses or other valid form of ID to vote." It doesn’t specify that the proposed legislation restricts valid identification to IDs that have photos. But national polls show about 75 percent of Americans support requiring a photo ID to vote. The wording in the poll Rowden cited is confusing, but the results mirror the national trend. We rate this statement .
Statement: 21-million Americans could have a four-year college scholarship for the money we've squandered in Iraq. 7.6-million teachers could have been hired last year if we weren't squandering this money.
Speaker: mike gravel
About the speaker: Mike Gravel is a former senator from Alaska. Gravel served as senator from 1969 until 1981 and ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2008.. He is also a former lieutenant in the U.S. Army, serving from 1951 to 1954. Gravel received a bachelor’s degree in economics from Columbia University School of General Studies. In 2019, he announced he is running for the Democratic nomination for president.
Date: June 28, 2007
Location: national
Topics: iraq
Context: Washington, DC
Fact-check justification: The U.S. Department of Education reports the average teacher salary was $47,750 in 2005, the most recent year available. That produces a total of $363-billion, well below the lowest estimate. The Congressional Budget Office conservatively estimates the entire bill for the Iraq war since 2001 is $413-billion. The Congressional research did its own calculation to show that the price tag to date is $450.4-billion. So Gravel's comparisons are at once exaggerated and underestimated, but they are within the same range of the projected costs.
Statement: The death of a 4-year-old who appeared in vaccination campaign posters is linked to vaccines.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: November 13, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a post
Fact-check justification: Multiple Argentine news outlets reported that Santino Godoy Blanco died Nov. 3 after coming down with a fever and being admitted to a local hospital. An autopsy determined Blanco died from bilateral pneumonia, which involves infection of both lungs .   Blanco was featured in a recent advertising campaign from the Argentine Ministry of Health encouraging childhood vaccinations against measles, mumps, polio and rubella. The campaign was unrelated to the COVID-19 vaccine.    We rate the  that the death of the 4-year-old poster boy from a vaccination campaign is linked to vaccines .
Statement: There are at least twice as many licensed firearm dealers in California as there are McDonald's.
Speaker: safety for all initiative
About the speaker: The Safety For All Initiative is a California measure proposed for the November ballot. It is led by Democratic Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom and includes restrictions on gun and ammunition purchases in the state.
Date: July 6, 2016
Location: california
Topics: guns
Context: an email
Fact-check justification:     – The statement is accurate and there's nothing significant missing.   Click here for   more   on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/021386a3-8596-462e-b6b4-00ac302b2bff
Statement: Says the Affordable Care Act has already reduced the number of uninsured in Oregon by 10 percent.
Speaker: jeff merkley
About the speaker: Jeff Merkley is a Democratic senator from Oregon. He was elected in 2008. Merkley won his first campaign for the Oregon Legislature as a representative in 1998. He was elected Democratic leader in 2003 and speaker of the House in 2007. He studied international relations at Stanford University and earned a graduate degree in public policy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.
Date: November 4, 2013
Location: oregon
Topics: health care;public health
Context: a newspaper article
Fact-check justification: The ruling: Even if you count all of them as having lost their insurance, though, when Merkley’s staff referenced the 10 percent figure on Nov. 4, some 70,000 had received coverage through the fast-track program. That means you still have a net gain of 56,000 people covered. Put another way, Oregon had reduced its uninsured by 10 percent. We rate this  . Share your thoughts on this ruling back on OregonLive .
Statement: The president's party always gets shellacked in midterms. It's only twice, 1934 and 2002, that the president's party actually gained in both the House and the Senate.
Speaker: mary jordan
About the speaker: Mary Jordan is moderator of Washington Post Live, a conference and events arm of the Washington Post. She was the Washington Post's co-bureau chief in Tokyo from 1995 to 1999 and in Mexico City from 2000 to 2005.
Date: September 5, 2010
Location: national
Topics: elections;history;pundits;this week - abc news
Context: a roundtable discussion on ABC's "This Week with Christiane Amanpour"
Fact-check justification: So because of this oddity, we'll leave 1902 out. In all, then, Jordan is on target by singling out 1934 and 2002 as the only years in which a president's party gained seats in both chambers during a midterm election. But she stretched a bit when she said that "the president's party always gets shellacked in midterms." If she'd said "usually gets shellacked," she would have been on safe ground, but the examples of 1962, 1990 and 1998 demonstrate that an incumbent president can in fact lose ground in Congress without being "shellacked." On balance, we rate Jordan's statement .
Statement: Midland, Texas, now beats the San Francisco area in the percentage of jobs created by startups.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: January 31, 2017
Location: texas
Topics: economy;states
Context: his State-of-the-State address
Fact-check justification: Abbott told legislators Midland "now beats the San Francisco area in the percentage of jobs created by startups." The Midland area in 2014 whaled the San Francisco area by this metric. We don’t know where either region ranks now; the government hasn’t done an update. It’s worth clarifying too that startups in this context simply means new businesses; Midland didn’t become a better-than-California high-tech hub. The two economies differ in scale and job types. We rate this  .  – The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/2dd15238-00ae-4b72-8d66-4b42a615d80f
Statement: North Carolina & Virginia State line is closed. Nothing in or out.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 6, 2020
Location: north carolina
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A viral Facebook post says "North Carolina & Virginia State line is closed. Nothing in or out." The NC-Virginia border isn’t closed, according to officials from both states. Nor is there a statewide ban on movement in or out of the state.  The post broadcasted serious misinformation at a time when people are nervous about how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting their work and their access to essential goods. We rate this  .
Statement: Faculty salaries at UW System institutions have now fallen more than 18 percent below the national average.
Speaker: kevin reilly
About the speaker: Kevin P. Reilly began his tenure as the sixth president of the University of Wisconsin System on September 1, 2004. Reilly served as Chancellor of UW-Extension from July 2000 through August 2004. He was Provost and Vice Chancellor of Extension from 1996 to 2000. A native of New York City, Reilly came to Wisconsin from the State University of New York System, where he was Associate Provost for Academic Programs and then Secretary of the University.
Date: December 7, 2012
Location: wisconsin
Topics: education;state budget
Context: public remarks
Fact-check justification: Curtis cautioned that a system-wide number may signal a disparity in a broad sense, but really is not very meaningful for addressing pay institution-by-institution because the overall figure combines a wide range of institutions of different types. A system-wide look does not shed light on pay differences by field, either -- history professors vs. engineering professors, etc. Our rating Reilly said "faculty salaries at UW System institutions have now fallen more than 18 percent below the national average." The aggregate figure has its limitations as a precise guide for future action, but Reilly scores with this broad comparison, which suggests a significant disparity. We rate his  .
Statement: Says he's a "small-town supervisor who has kept a balanced budget, who has increased surpluses, who has led us to the highest credit rating our town has ever had.
Speaker: nate mcmurray
About the speaker: Nathan McMurray is supervisor of the town of Grand Island, New York. He is a Democrat running for a seat in the House of Representatives in the 27th District. 
Date: August 8, 2018
Location: new york
Topics: candidate biography;city budget;city government
Context: Hamburg.
Fact-check justification: Still, his  about keeping a balanced budget is . McMurray’s  about increasing surpluses is . The town had more surplus funds at the end of 2017 than it did when he took office, though it decreased slightly in his second year in office. His  that the town has the highest credit rating it has ever had is , based on all available information. We rate his statement .
Statement: Even our nuclear arsenal doesn't work. It came out recently they have equipment that is 30 years old. They don't know if it worked.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: June 16, 2015
Location: national
Topics: military;nuclear
Context: his presidential announcement speech
Fact-check justification: Trump said that "even our nuclear arsenal doesn't work. It came out recently they have equipment that is 30 years old. They don't know if it worked." There have been a number of high-profile lapses in the management of the country’s nuclear stockpile in recent years, but those problems have to do with personnel and training. They’re not an indication that the weapons themselves "don’t work" -- which, if it were , would be a significant problem for the nation’s strategic military position in the world. In reality, the United States has been spending $35 billion a year to upgrade its nuclear stockpile, and officials tasked with certifying the safety and reliability of the current arsenal have consistently given their seal of approval. We rate Trump’s  .
Statement: Obama nominee Dawn Johnsen "called motherhood 'involuntary servitude.'
Speaker: house republican conference
About the speaker: House Republicans are represented by the House Republican Conference.
Date: March 23, 2009
Location: national
Topics: abortion
Context: a blog post
Fact-check justification: After we asked the Republican Conference about the , staffer Ericka Andersen acknowledged it was . "You are correct that the post was written inaccurately," she told us in an e-mail. She corrected the post to say Johnsen "equated forced pregnancy with 'involuntary servitude.'" Kudos to the conference for acknowledging the error. But we still find the original  .
Statement: Says there have been 50 million abortions since Roe v. Wade was decided.
Speaker: rick perry
About the speaker: Rick Perry is the U.S. Energy Secretary and was governor of Texas from late December 2000 through 2014. He was re-elected in 2002, 2006 and 2010. He unsucessfully ran for president in 2012 and 2016.
Date: January 22, 2011
Location: texas
Topics: abortion
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: Representatives of abortion rights organizations Planned Parenthood and NARAL Pro-Choice Texas told us that the Guttmacher Institute is the best source for this information. Summing up: Perry's statement indicating that there have been 50 million abortions in the United States since 1973 appears to be on target. The Guttmacher Institute estimates that there were 49.3 million abortions in the U.S. through 2008 — 700,000 shy of 50 million. Considering that Guttmacher says there were more than 1 million abortions in both 2007 and 2008, it's reasonable to conclude that the United States has reached the 50 million mark. We rate Perry's statement .
Statement: The Obama administration has cut taxes on small businesses 17 times.
Speaker: debbie wasserman schultz
About the speaker: Debbie Wasserman Schultz became the chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 2011 and resigned in July 2016. The Florida Democrat was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2004 after serving in the state senate. She represents Congressional District 23 in Broward and Miami-Dade counties.
Date: June 12, 2011
Location: national
Topics: health care;small business;stimulus;taxes
Context: an interview on NBC's 'Meet the Press'
Fact-check justification: As for allowing the Bush tax cuts to expire, that might certainly affect a number of small business owners. But that's still just an Obama proposal. It hasn't happened. The only policy actually signed by the president so far was a compromise agreement that extended the tax cuts through 2012. So we rate Wasserman Schultz's comment .
Statement: The Congressional Budget Office has this economic model where they measure the economy going forward, and they are now telling us that the entire economy crashes in the year 2037 because their computer simulation can't conceive of any way in which the U.S. economy can continue.
Speaker: paul ryan
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, R.-Wis., became Speaker of the House in 2015 and served until his retirement in January 2019. Ryan was elected to represent southern Wisconsin in Congress in 1998 and for part of his tenure chaired the House Budget Committee. He was Mitt Romney's vice-presidential running mate in the 2012 presidential election. He did not seek re-election in 2018.
Date: March 18, 2011
Location: national
Topics: economy
Context: a private briefing to Members of Congress
Fact-check justification: "The  is that nobody really knows what would happen as the debt-to-GDP ratio pushes through 100 percent on the way to 200 or 300 percent. The models certainly are not capable of anticipating the effects.   But you don't have to have an economic model to appreciate the clear picture of fiscal Armageddon." Generally, then, Ryan’s oversimplifications and exaggerations lead us to downgrade our rating, but his broader point about the perils of the debt for the nation’s economy remains accurate. On balance, we rate his statement .
Statement: Kevin Adams wants to ban abortion.
Speaker: aaron rouse
About the speaker: Aaron Rouse has been a Virginia Beach City Council member since 2018. He is the 2023 Democratic nominee in a special election for a state Senate seat that opened with the election of Republican Jen Kiggans to the U.S. House of Representatives.
Rouse is a Virginia Beach native and sociology graduate of Virginia Tech. He played professional football with the Green Bay Packers and New York Giants from 2007 to 2009. He is the founder of  Rouse's House, a non-profit helping children.
 
 
Date: December 23, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: abortion
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Virginia now bans elective abortions at the end of the second trimester — about 26 weeks. A Rouse spokesman said the 15-week compromise is a ban because it would block some women from ending pregnancies. That qualification, however, is not in the ad. Viewers are simply told Adams "wants to ban abortion." We rate Rouse’s  .
Statement: Claims that Democratic candidate for governor Matt Flynn "told one child predator to 'wait and see,' when he should have turned him in to authorities.
Speaker: republican party of wisconsin
About the speaker: The Wisconsin Republican Party works to elect Republicans to state and federal offices and advance the GOP agenda.
Date: August 1, 2018
Location: wisconsin
Topics: children;elections;legal issues
Context: a radio ad
Fact-check justification: Our rating The Wisconsin GOP claims that Flynn "told one child predator to ‘wait and see,’ when he should have turned him in to authorities." Knighton and the archdiocese have described events that would support the , but their accounts have been disputed by Flynn. That said, Knighton does not legally qualify as as a child predator (or even a sex offender) -- which is central to the  in the GOP ad. Finally, Flynn had no legal obligation to report a non-client to the authorities, but some might argue he had a moral one. On balance, we rate the  .
Statement: The House passed a pay-as-you-go rule that said, "If you wanted to have an investment, an entitlement, etc., you had to pay for it.
Speaker: nancy pelosi
About the speaker: Rep. Nancy Pelosi represents a district in California. She served as speaker of the U.S. House January 2019-2021. Formerly the speaker of the House from 2007-11, Pelosi served as the House minority leader from 2003 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019.
Date: February 4, 2010
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;stimulus
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: But the second part of her statement -- "if you wanted to have an investment, an entitlement, etc., you had to pay for it" -- contains some aspects that are . Investments made with discretionary spending, from highway-building to elementary school aid, were never supposed to be subject to PAYGO. Nor were ordinary increases in entitlements. In addition, even for key bills that should have been subject to PAYGO, Democratic leaders have acted to waive the rule on several occasions. So we rate Pelosi's statement .
Statement: New Jersey has the largest transit system in the entire country.
Speaker: bill pascrell
About the speaker: Bill Pascrell is Democratic member of the House of Representatives from New Jersey.
Date: May 3, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: transportation
Context: an interview on WOR 710-AM's "The John Gambling Show"
Fact-check justification: Pascrell claimed during an interview on "The John Gambling Show" that New Jersey’s transit system is the largest in the nation, but didn’t distinguish that there are statewide systems and regional systems. Still, transportation experts and agencies we spoke with don’t discount the congressman’s statement. New York’s MTA is the biggest overall and New Jersey is within the top 10. In terms of statewide systems, New Jersey’s is, indeed, the largest. We rate the statement . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: The economy is "too weak to raise income levels.
Speaker: nikki haley
About the speaker: Nikki Haley announced on Feb. 14, 2023 that she is running for president in the Republican primary. Haley was the governor of South Carolina 2011-2017 and then served as President Donald Trump's ambassador to the UN in 2017 and 2018.
Date: January 12, 2016
Location: national
Topics: economy;income
Context: the Republican response to the State of the Union address
Fact-check justification: Haley said the economy is "too weak to raise income levels." While the economy under Obama has made significant strides in such areas as job creation, income has not been an area of significant improvement. Median income is lower now compared to 2009. It is, however, slightly up from its low point in 2012. Haley’s  is generally accurate but somewhat depends on your time frame and what you would consider a rise in income levels. We rate her statement .
Statement: I don't own a single stock or bond … I have no savings accounts.
Speaker: joe biden
About the speaker: Joe Biden is the president of the United States. A Democrat, Biden served as a Delaware senator from 1973 (elected at the age of 29) until 2009. During his time in the Senate, he served as chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, chair of the International Narcotics Control Caucus and chair of the Judiciary Committee. He subsequently served as Barack Obama’s vice president from 2009 to 2016. Biden launched unsuccessful presidential campaigns in 1988 and 2008. He received a degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware and his J.D. from Syracuse School of Law. 
Date: June 23, 2014
Location: national
Topics: campaign finance;ethics;income;transparency
Context: the White House Summit on Working Families
Fact-check justification: Biden said, "I don't own a single stock or bond... I have no savings accounts." Biden was  to say that he doesn't have a savings account because he shares one with his wife. However, he doesn't have ownership over any stocks and bonds -- those all belong to his wife. We rate his statement .
Statement: Says Ken Paxton "shut down the world's largest human trafficking marketplace.
Speaker: ken paxton
About the speaker: As a Republican state senator, Ken Paxton won election as Texas attorney general in 2014. He previously served as a Texas House member from McKinney.
Date: October 25, 2018
Location: texas
Topics: crime
Context: a TV ad
Fact-check justification: Paxton says he "shut down the world’s largest human trafficking marketplace." We see an element of  to this : The Texas attorney general’s office helped shut down the Backpage website, which is what another Paxton ad says. However, the federal government led the shutdown and officials in other states pitched in. Significantly too, we otherwise landed no confirmation that the Backpage site, which profited from ads about sex, also was the world’s largest trafficking marketplace--a classification that experts found dubious and unverifiable. All told, we rate this statement .  – The statement contains an element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.