chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: There are no humans" on the International Space Station.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: February 5, 2023
Topics: space;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: NASA maintains a blog with updates about the station, including the Feb. 9 launch of an uncrewed rocket that departed from Kazakhstan to take fresh supplies to the station.   Photos and videos of humans aboard the station are shared on the space station’s Twitter account , among other platforms. The astronaut with the U.S. record for spending the most time living and working in space? Peggy Whitson, who clocked 665 days in September 2017. We rate claims that no humans are in the space station .
Statement: Says New Jersey's prison system is "61 percent African-American even though our state is just 13 percent black.
Speaker: cory booker
About the speaker: Cory Booker is a senator from New Jersey. He was first elected to the Senate in 2013, making him the first African-American senator from New Jersey and the first African-American elected to the Senate since Barack Obama in 2004. Booker served as mayor of Newark from 2006 until 2013. He has a bachelor's degree in political science and a master’s degree in sociology from Stanford University, an honors degree in United States history from The Queens College as a Rhodes Scholar and a J.D. from Yale Law School. In 2019, he ran for the Democratic nomination for president and suspended his campaign in January 2020.
Date: May 4, 2012
Location: new jersey
Topics: criminal justice
Context: a speech at an American Federation for Children event
Fact-check justification: Booker said New Jersey’s prison system is "61 percent African-American even though our state is just 13 percent black." Data from the state corrections department and U.S. Census Bureau back his statistics. We rate the  . To comment on this story, go to NJ.com .
Statement: The Affordable Care Act alters the "sensible doctor-patient-relationship-centered health care program ... we see today.
Speaker: sarah palin
About the speaker: Sarah Palin was the Republican nominee for vice president in 2008. She is also the former governor of Alaska and the author of  Going Rogue: An American Life. Sarah Palin's previous experience includes leading the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and serving as the mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.
Date: November 24, 2013
Topics: health care;punditfact
Context: comments on Fox's "Fox News Sunday"
Fact-check justification: Palin said the health care law changes "a sensible doctor-patient-relationship-centered health care program." It's valid to be worried about people potentially seeing changes in their coverage, including some people who will be forced to switch doctors. But that’s a far cry from Palin’s actual words, which suggest some sort of government intervention in the doctor-patient relationship. That's not the case. We rate Palin’s statement .
Statement: Virginia "spends less per student today than we did in 2008.
Speaker: david toscano
About the speaker: David Toscano, D-57th, is the minority leader of the Virginia House of Delegates. The district includes Charlottesville and part of Albemarle county. He was elected to the house in 2005 and became minority leader in 2011. He sits on the Transportation, Courts of Justice and Science and Technology committees.
He previously served on the Charlottesville City Council from 1990 to 2002 and was mayor in 1994-96.
Toscano was born in Syracuse, N.Y. Toscano received a bachelor’s degree from Colgate University, Hamilton, N.Y., in 1972, a doctorate in sociology from Boston College in 1979, and a law degree from the University of Virginia in 1986. His law practice in Charlottesville specializes in family matters. He has taught political science and sociology at several universities.
Date: January 9, 2013
Location: virginia
Topics: education;state budget
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: By any measure, the state is spending less per public school student this year than it did in 2008. We rate Toscano’s statement .
Statement: Health insurance companies deny "1 out of 5 treatments prescribed by doctors.
Speaker: health care for america now
About the speaker: a health care reform advocacy group
Date: September 15, 2009
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: a television advertisement
Fact-check justification: But that  is based solely on one study in one state, and in our view it doesn't provide enough  to back up the . The independent state agency that collected the data used in the nurses' study has raised significant doubt on the group's interpretations of that data. Many "denials" that were counted were not really what most people would consider a denial. And studies by other groups show much lower denial rates. So we rate this  .
Statement: Says lawyer appointed by Eric Holder to investigate government leaks helped and donated to Obama's campaign, vetting vice presidential prospects.
Speaker: john cornyn
About the speaker: John Cornyn is a U.S. senator from Texas, former Texas attorney general and former justice on the Texas Supreme Court. He earlier served as a Bexar County state district judge.
Date: June 12, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: legal issues
Context: a commentary posted on the Fox News website
Fact-check justification: We are not judging here whether Machen's donations to Obama's 2008 campaign and his self-declared vetting of vice presidential prospects disqualify him from fully investigating any leaks. That said, Cornyn’s statement rates .
Statement: Says Donald Trump "cashed in" on Sept. 11,  "collecting $150,000 in federal funds intended to help small businesses recover — even though days after the attack Trump said his properties were not affected.
Speaker: joseph crowley
About the speaker: Joseph Crowley is the U.S. Representative for New York's 14th Congressional District.
Date: July 26, 2016
Location: national
Topics: federal budget;terrorism
Context: a speech at the Democratic convention
Fact-check justification: Crowley said Trump "cashed in, collecting $150,000 in federal funds intended to help small businesses recover — even though days after the attack Trump said his properties were not affected." Trump did receive a grant for his building at 40 Wall Street, which was less than a mile away from the Trade Center, but the property was eligible under the grant criteria. He also did say in 2001 that his properties were not affected by the attack, although he likely meant physically. The grant also provided compensation for economic losses. We rate Crowley’s  . https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/cd779146-3dbe-4084-b84f-438f74cf1b82
Statement: Federal officials declared that grant funds "could be used only for Milwaukee's streetcar project," meaning it "isn't possible" to redirect the money to "other modes of public transportation or to our public schools.
Speaker: gwen moore
About the speaker: U.S. Rep. Gwen Moore is a Democratic member of Congress, representing Wisconsin's 4th District, which primarily includes Milwaukee. Moore, who served in the state Legislature from 1989 to 2004, was elected to Congress in 2004.
Date: January 14, 2015
Location: wisconsin
Topics: city government;infrastructure;transportation
Context: a newspaper opinion piece
Fact-check justification: Our rating Moore said that federal officials declared that grant funds "could be used only for Milwaukee's streetcar project," meaning it "isn’t possible" to redirect the money to "other modes of public transportation or to our public schools." Current law, and grant contracts, tie the grant money specifically to the streetcar project. In theory, Congress could intervene and re-purpose the funding, but there’s far from any guarantee that would happen -- or that Milwaukee would be re-awarded the money if it did. In any case, we can only base our rating on where things stand today, not where they might stand under different scenarios. We rate Moore’s  .
Statement: Says Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald "Sterling is a Democrat.
Speaker: drudge report
About the speaker: The Drudge Report is a news aggregation website founded by Matt Drudge. It is often considered conservative.
Date: April 27, 2014
Topics: pundits;punditfact
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: Drudge said Sterling is a Democrat. County records show that he is a registered Republican and has been for many years. His donations to Democrats took place two decades ago and were modest even by the standards of that time. We rate the  . Update: As we were publishing our fact-check, Drudge deleted his tweet without explanation. Here's a screen grab from Real Clear Politics:
Statement: Sen. Joe Manchin and AARP "support government price-setting schemes" to divert money from Medicare to "unrelated government programs or pad big insurers' profits.
Speaker: american commitment
About the speaker: American Commitment is a conservative 501(c)4 group that supports “free markets, economic growth, Constitutionally-limited government, property rights, and individual freedom”
Date: July 10, 2022
Topics: health care;medicare;health check
Context: an advertisement
Fact-check justification: American Commitment’s ad claims that Manchin and AARP support "price-setting schemes" that will divert funds meant for Medicare to "spend on unrelated government programs or pad big insurers’ profits." As noted  by the experts we consulted, the ad is not accurate. The Medicare drug pricing plan results in savings, not the diversion of funds from the Medicare program. The ad also distorts the fact that those funds would be used to support other initiatives — in this case, the Affordable Care Act subsidies. It’s not an underhanded conspiracy but a regular part of the reconciliation process. Additionally, if the plan comes to fruition and ACA subsidies are extended, insurance companies are unlikely to reap big profits. We rate it .
Statement: Austin was the "site of the first mass shooting in the country.
Speaker: steve adler
About the speaker: Attorney Steve Adler won election as mayor of Austin in December 2014, drawing 67 percent of the vote in a December 2014 runoff. He was sworn in Jan. 6, 2015. He sought re-election in 2018.
Date: June 14, 2016
Location: texas
Topics: history;crime
Context: an interview with Bob Cole on Austin's KOKE-FM
Fact-check justification: Adler said Austin was the "site of the first mass shooting in the country." The UT tragedy appears to have been the nation’s first mass public shooting on a college campus. But there were 30 mass shootings--mass murders of four or more individuals in a 24-hour period--just in the 60-plus years before Whitman acted. We rate the statement .  – The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/77fb039b-85ac-49be-913e-e178386c55e9
Statement: Video "proves 100% that President Joe Biden is not a 'human' being.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: January 24, 2021
Topics: facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: "I have not taken off the rosay Beau was wearing when he passed since then," Biden said during a 2017 interview. "It’s my connection with him. "  The Biden campaign told the Associated Press after the September debate that the then-presidential candidate was wearing the rosary. A spokesperson for the campaign also told Agence France-Presse at the time that what the Facebook post calls a serpent — or serpents — is Beau Biden’s rosary. We rate this  .
Statement: Says Scott Walker recently said "he got his bald spot from hitting his head on a cabinet, and it's not a joke, he actually said that his bald spot came because he hit his head on a cabinet.
Speaker: mark pocan
About the speaker: Mark Pocan was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2nd Congressional District on Nov. 6, 2012. He is from Madison and previously served as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin state Assembly. 
Date: June 8, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: candidate biography
Context: a radio interview
Fact-check justification: Our rating Pocan claimed Walker recently said "he got his bald spot from hitting his head on a cabinet, and it's not a joke, he actually said that his bald spot came because he hit his head on a cabinet." Walker did make that , but it surfaced two years ago, during the early stages of the 2016 presidential campaign. So it was not as recent as Pocan indicated. Nor was it as farfetched as he suggested, at least according to two experts on hair loss. We rate Pocan’s  .
Statement: Says Tucker Carlson said, "What if these bodies of tortured, dead civilians were staged? What if they're fake? What if the Ukrainian military killed them & then blamed Russia? I'm not saying any of this is true, I'm just asking the questions. Why can't we ask these questions?
Speaker: tweets
About the speaker: Twitter is a messaging service where people often discuss politics. Individual messages are called Tweets.
Date: April 4, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;ukraine;russia
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: "  Russia has said without  that " dead bodies" were "staged" in Bucha after its troops left the town. Carlson, meanwhile, has been criticized for echoing Russian talking points . On March 9, for example, Carlson said a Russian  that Ukraine has bioweapon labs was "totally and completely ," but there’s no  that’s the case, PolitiFact reported .   But this talking point, about staged bodies, wasn’t one Carlson made.   We rate claims that he said the words that appeared in Wash’s tweet .
Statement: The Texas abortion law "provides at least six weeks for a person to be able to get an abortion.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: September 7, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: abortion
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: Abbott said that the new Texas abortion law "provides at least six weeks for a person to be able to get an abortion." Abbott’s statement ignores how the pregnancy timeline is calculated. Doctors count pregnancy as starting from the date of a woman’s last period. That means by the time a woman with a regular cycle misses her first period, she is considered four weeks pregnant, which leaves her with two weeks to get an abortion. A woman with an irregular cycle may discover she has even less time. We rate this statement .  RELATED : Fact-checking how Texas ranks for children’s health in light of new abortion law
Statement: A Time magazine cover shows Vladimir Putin with Hitler's mustache.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: March 2, 2022
Topics: facebook fact-checks;russia
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: I felt the official choice was somewhat uninspired." On Feb. 28, he tweeted a statement on what he called his "TIME cover artwork." "It wasn’t originally intended to be a TIME cover," Mulder said. "The finished image was so powerful, I felt that it deserved to be framed in an equally powerful way." We rate claims that this is an authentic Time cover .
Statement: Wisconsin Governor (Tony) Evers wanted to raise your taxes by $1 billion in a pandemic. Republicans stopped him and delivered the largest tax CUT in state history.
Speaker: alberta darling
About the speaker: Wisconsin state Sen. Alberta Darling, R-River Hills, served in the state Assembly from 1990 to 1992 and has served in the state Senate since 1992. She survived a recall election in August 2011 by defeating state Rep. Sandy Pasch (D-Whitefish Bay).
Date: August 25, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;states;taxes
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Evers did plan to raise taxes by $1 billion, although his plan would have included tax cuts for lower-income Wisconsinites. And Republicans did include the largest tax cut in history in their version of the budget that passed in July.   But that tax cut was made possible in large part by an unexpected $4.4 billion that came up in the middle of the process — money Evers didn’t have available to him when he wrote his budget.    A rating of  indicates that the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. That fits here.
Statement: It took the Legislature nearly 300 days to act on a (COVID-19) bill during this pandemic.
Speaker: tony evers
About the speaker: Tony Evers, a Democrat, was elected Wisconsin governor in November 2018. His term begins in January 2019. Evers has served as the Wisconsin superintendent of public instruction, a non-partisan position, since 2009. He previously worked as a teacher and school district administrator.
Date: March 30, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: legal issues;public health;coronavirus
Context: Twitter
Fact-check justification: Evers said, "It took the Legislature nearly 300 days to act on a (COVID-19) bill during this pandemic." It didn’t take 300 days for the Legislature to take any action on the pandemic, as a wide-ranging bill was signed into law in April 2020. But the Republican-run Senate and Assembly did take a 300-day hiatus from passing legislation after that point, which stretched all the way to February 2021. That lines up with our definition of : a statement that is "partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context."
Statement: The United States is "the only major country on earth that doesn't guarantee health care to all people as a right, not a privilege.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: November 14, 2015
Location: national
Topics: health care
Context: Des Moines, Iowa
Fact-check justification: Sanders said that the United States is the only major country that doesn’t guarantee health care to everyone as a right. Among the wealthy OECD nations, America -- with the possible exception of Mexico -- stands out as the only one that lacks universal coverage. The question of a guaranteed right to health care is murkier. Sanders spoke as though every advanced economy has it. In reality, some do and some don’t. We rate the  .
Statement: Says Ohio's I-X Center "used to be a great plant," but "thousands of people of worked here, and they left" when their jobs were moved overseas.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: October 22, 2016
Location: ohio
Topics: corrections and updates;jobs
Context: a rally outside Cleveland
Fact-check justification: Trump said that Cleveland’s I-X center was an example of a once-great plant, but "thousands and thousands of people worked here, and they left. So many people are leaving, so many people are closing their businesses and moving to Mexico and other countries." Trump’s lamentation of outsourcing isn’t historically accurate. The I-X Center was alternately called the Cleveland Tank Plant, and GM’s Cadillac and Allison Divisions built military bombers, tanks and personnel carriers there between 1942 and 1972. Production stopped when a military contract expired and was not renewed. Once acquired by the Park Corporation, it opened as an exhibition space in 1985 and has operated as one ever since. We rate Trump’s statement . Editor's note:  This fact-check was updated shortly after publication to include the Trump campaign's response. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/3b6973bb-4d55-4b41-9d84-92394ece37b9
Statement: Says a Vox headline said, "teaching children the Bunny Ear method for tying their shoes" is racist.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: November 29, 2021
Topics: race and ethnicity;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: (Read more about our partnership with Facebook .) Searching for the headline online, we found the same image of the headline that appears on Facebook on meme websites, but no  that it ever appeared on the Vox site — or any scorn that commentators critical of the news site would have surely heaped on it.   Vox has reported on children and racism, such as in a 2020 story with the headline: "How to talk to kids about racism, explained by a psychologist. "   But we rate claims that the headline in the post is real .
Statement: Obamacare is . . . the largest tax increase in the history of the world.
Speaker: rush limbaugh
About the speaker: Rush Limbaugh is a conservative radio talk show host. His website describes him as "America's Truth Detector; the Doctor of Democracy; the Most Dangerous Man in America; the All-Knowing, All-Sensing, All-Everything Maha Rushie; defender of motherhood, protector of fatherhood and an all-around good guy."
Date: June 28, 2012
Location: national
Topics: health care;pundits
Context: comments on his radio show
Fact-check justification: UPDATE: Some readers noticed that our initial analysis of Limbaugh’s  failed to include references to the penalty that people who declined to purchase health insurance would be asked to pay. After all, the Supreme Court declared that penalty a tax. The CBO figure we used for our calculation, a total of $104 billion in revenue generated in 2019, is inclusive of all revenues, including the penalty or tax individuals might pay if they do not purchase health insurance. The figure for that year was estimated to be $14 billion for penalties paid for by employees and individuals. ( Page 19 of this report.)