chengxuphd/liar2 huggingface dataset:
Statement: A Florida court sets atheist holy day" on April 1.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: March 29, 2022
Location: florida
Topics: religion;facebook fact-checks
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: It’s also unclear what the plaintiff would be attempting to accomplish by filing the lawsuit. Federal holidays can only be recognized by the U.S. Congress , and there are several observances that are not tied to religion, like Independence Day and Labor Day. PolitiFact found no coverage by Florida newspapers of the event. But we did find that the facetious story has appeared on the internet numerous times in the past, dating back to at least 2001. We rate this recycled hoax !
Statement: Mitch McConnell opposed "legislation to create and protect Kentucky jobs . . . help for the unemployed. . .  health care for Kentucky's children," and "fair pay for women.
Speaker: democratic national committee
About the speaker: The Democratic National Committee is the national organization of Democrats.
Date: July 2, 2009
Location: national
Topics: economy;health care;workers
Context: a television ad
Fact-check justification: When we dug into the nitty gritty of the Senate votes, we found that McConnell supported alternatives or objected to the legislation for other reasons. The ad says that McConnell opposed legislation to "create and protect Kentucky jobs," "help for the unemployed," "health care for Kentucky's children," and "fair pay for women." Actually, McConnell said he supported all of those values, but he didn't agree with Democratic methods for achieving them. It's an important distinction. We rate the ad from the Democratic National Committee as .
Statement: Road projects across the state are staying on track or getting done sooner thanks to the good work of the team at the Wisconsin Department of Transportation.
Speaker: scott walker
About the speaker: Scott Walker, a Republican, is the former governor of Wisconsin. He was first elected in November 2010. He survived a recall election in 2012, defeating Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett after igniting controversy with a bill curtailing public-employee union collective-bargaining rights.  He won re-election to a four-year term in November 2014 and was a 2016 presidential candidate before dropping out in September of 2015. He was defeated by Tony Evers in the 2018 gubernatorial election. Walker is a former Milwaukee County executive and former member of the state Assembly.
Date: December 18, 2017
Location: wisconsin
Topics: state budget;transportation
Context: a tweet
Fact-check justification: The state is pinning its hopes for the expanded freeway and related work on a $246.2 million federal grant from the U.S. Department of Transportation that would pay for about half the remaining cost. Our rating In a tweet, Walker said "Road projects across the state are staying on track or getting done sooner thanks to the good work of the team at the Wisconsin Department of Transportation." A spokesman said Walker was referring to the early completion of the State Highway 441 project. But that was not specified in the tweet, and a wide range of other projects -- including major ones -- have been delayed. For a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context, we rate the  .
Statement: Says professional football coach Rex Ryan "won championships in New York. The AFC, I think, twice.
Speaker: donald trump
About the speaker: Donald Trump is the former president of the United States. He was elected the 45th president of the United States on Nov. 8, 2016.  He has been a real estate developer, entrepreneur and host of the NBC reality show, "The Apprentice." Trump's statements were awarded PolitiFact's 2015, 2017 and 2019 Lie of the Year. In November 2022, he announced he would run for president in 2024.
Date: April 18, 2016
Location: national
Topics: sports
Context: a speech
Fact-check justification: This  rates . Correction:   The Colts made up an 11-point deficit to beat the Jets in the 2009-10 AFC Championship. We apologize for listing the  team in an earlier version of this fact-check, and for rubbing salt in the wounds of Jets fans. https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/3545a6ac-cb46-461f-a52e-3723ab604886
Statement: In 2018, Biden lauded Paul Ryan for proposing cuts to Social Security and Medicare.
Speaker: bernie sanders
About the speaker: Bernie Sanders is a senator from Vermont. Sanders was first elected to the Senate in 2007 and was re-elected in 2012 and 2018. The senator also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2016, losing the Democratic primary to Hillary Clinton. From 1991 until 2007, he was the representative of Vermont’s At-Large District of the House of Representatives. Sanders was the mayor of Burlington from 1981 to 1989. He received a bachelor’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago. In 2019, he announced he was running for the Democratic nomination for president and dropped out in April 2020.
Date: January 7, 2020
Location: national
Topics: medicare;social security
Context: newsletter from the Bernie Sanders campaign
Fact-check justification: A Sanders campaign newsletter said, "In 2018, Biden lauded Paul Ryan for proposing cuts to Social Security and Medicare." That stems from a speech Biden gave in 2018 in which he spoke about Ryan. Biden appeared to be mocking Ryan, not praising him. The Sanders campaign omitted what Biden said next: the importance of protecting Social Security and Medicare and to change the tax code, which he said benefitted the mega rich. Overall, the point of Biden’s speech was to criticize tax cuts for the rich and call for more help to the middle class.  The Sanders campaign plucked out part of what Biden said but omitted the full context of his comments. We rate this statement .
Statement: Pop-Tarts and other foods "have antifreeze in them.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: May 17, 2023
Topics: food;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram reel
Fact-check justification: An Instagram reel claimed certain foods and drinks "have antifreeze in them" because they contain propylene glycol, an additive. Propylene glycol, like many additives, has a variety of uses in foods and nonfoods. Although propylene glycol is sometimes used in antifreeze, that doesn’t mean foods that contain the additive propylene glycol also contain antifreeze. The FDA limits how much propylene glycol can be used in foods, and the amount is much smaller than what would be used in nonfoods. Additionally, not all of the foods and drinks listed in the Instagram reel contain propylene glycol. We rate this  .
Statement: Merrick Garland "sicced the police on parents when they were at the school boards simply trying to be heard for the safety of their children.
Speaker: winsome earle-sears
About the speaker: Winsome Earle-Sears, a Republican, was elected Virginia's lieutenant governor in 2021. She is the first Black woman to be elected to statewide office in Virginia.
Sears lives in Winchester, Va. and owns a plumbing and appliance repair store. She was born in Jamaica in 1964 and reared in New York City. She has a Bachelor of Arts degree in English from Old Dominison University and a Master of Arts degree in organizational leadership from Regent University. 
Sears served in the U.S. Marines from 1983 to 1986. She represented Virginia Beach in the House of Delegates from 2002 to 2004 but did not seek reelection, opting to launch an unsuccessful campaign for the U.S. House of Repesentatives in 2004. 
Date: May 12, 2022
Location: virginia
Topics: education
Context: a TV interview
Fact-check justification: Her comment apparently refers to Garland’s order in 2021 that the FBI work with local governments to help handle a national spike in threats against local school board members. Garland has said his goal is to enhance safety by training board members and educators how to recognize and report threats. Garland has no power to increase local police protection at school board meetings and has said that federal officials will not be attending them. He has said parents have a constitutional right to speak out at school board meetings; there is nothing in his order that says otherwise. We rate Earle-Sears' statement .
Statement: We have cut taxes more than 40 times in four years.
Speaker: rick scott
About the speaker: Rick Scott, a wealthy Florida businessman, was first elected Florida's 45th governor on Nov. 2, 2010 and re-elected Nov. 4, 2014. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2018 and is running for re-election in 2024.
Date: March 3, 2015
Location: florida
Topics: taxes
Context: the State of the State address
Fact-check justification: Scott said, "We have cut taxes more than 40 times in four years." A list his office sent us last year with 41 things they considered tax cuts likely explains that sum. But the list is full of esoteric tax credits, changes in unemployment compensation and sales tax holidays that don’t meet the purest definition of a tax cut. Scott’s tax  is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it .
Statement: Says black women are "fastest-growing demographic group in ... Texas seeking concealed handgun licenses.
Speaker: stefani carter
About the speaker: Stefani Carter is a Republican state representative from Dallas.
Date: August 30, 2012
Location: texas
Topics: guns
Context: USA Today
Fact-check justification: Carter claims black women are the fastest-growing group of permit-seekers. We accept her explanation that she meant to refer to permits issued each year. And her statement fairly captures available data and research. However, the lack of information on Hispanic permit recipients makes it impossible to conclude which Texas subgroups are getting permits most often. We rate the statement as .
Statement: As your Lieutenant Governor…I cut your taxes.
Speaker: rebecca kleefisch
About the speaker: Rebecca Kleefisch was the lieutenant governor of Wisconsin from 2011-19 under Gov. Scott Walker. She previously worked as a TV anchor and reporter, most recently with WISN-TV in Milwaukee. Kleefisch was defeated August 9, 2022 in her Republican primary bid for Republican nomination for governor.
 
Date: March 28, 2022
Location: wisconsin
Topics: economy;taxes
Context: TV ad
Fact-check justification: Taxes were surely cut during the Walker administration – to the tune of more than  $8 billion during their eight years in office.   Kleefisch participated in budget discussions and held listening sessions across the state. And she may have advocated for those tax cuts, but the lieutenant governor simply isn’t responsible for voting on or signing tax cuts or other types of legislation into law.   Our definition of  is a statement that "contains an element of the  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression." That fits here.
Statement: Says Robin Vos wore protective gear that "election workers he forced to work … do not have.
Speaker: facebook posts
About the speaker: Posters on Facebook and other social media networks.
 
Date: April 7, 2020
Location: wisconsin
Topics: elections;coronavirus
Context: a Facebook post
Fact-check justification: A Facebook post shared widely chastised Vos for wearing protective gear at the polls that "election workers he forced to work today do not have." Other poll workers in Burlington wore the same gear as Vos, so he didn’t receive any special treatment there like the  implies. Poll workers in other parts of the state had some – but not necessarily all – of the same equipment used by Vos. That leaves us with a  that contains some element of  but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it .
Statement: Says "Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg is resigning from the post of associate justice of the Supreme Court.
Speaker: bloggers
About the speaker: Blog posting on the Internet
Date: January 2, 2017
Topics: fake news;punditfact
Context: a headline
Fact-check justification: We attempted to contact some of the sites that reposted the article to see if they knew it was , but did not receive any responses. Clearly many readers in the comments sections of these websites are unaware the story is fabricated. Adding a real, out-of-context quote from Ginsburg with no disclaimer that the story is  only confuses matters more. We rate this headline ! https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/dc5b1ca1-6077-46a8-b207-34f63443e650
Statement: (I) helped to invent a system that saved over a billion dollars on welfare.
Speaker: kenneth block
About the speaker: Kenneth Block is a software engineer and president of Simpatico Software Systems. He founded Rhode Island's Moderate Party and ran unsuccessfully for governor in 2010. He switched to the Republican Party in 2013 and made an unsuccessful run for Rhode Island Governor in 2014.
Date: June 19, 2010
Location: rhode island
Topics: candidate biography;economy;families;federal budget;poverty
Context: a TV and Internet commercial
Fact-check justification: In the end, Block did help develop the EBT system and the system likely saved -- directly or indirectly -- more than $1 billion in waste and fraud since its implementation 15 years ago. We rate his  as . The candidate, in interviews and on his blog, insists that he played a key role in fraud detection. He maintains that he continues helping with that task today. But Block is now aware, through our contacts with his office, that two Texas officials consistently and adamantly dispute that.
Statement: The average kid comes out of Virginia colleges with about $25,000-plus in debt.
Speaker: bob mcdonnell
About the speaker: Bob McDonnell is the Republican governor of Virginia until January 2014. McDonnell was elected over Democratic state Sen. Creigh Deeds.
McDonnell previously served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2006 and as state Attorney General from 2006 to 2009.
McDonnell graduated from the University of Nortre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., with a bachelor's degree in 1976. He then served in the U.S. Army on active duty from 1976 to 1981 and in the reserves until 1997, retiring as a lieutenant colenel. He received a master's degree in business adminsitration from Boston University in 1980 and a master's and law degree from Regent University, Virginia Beach, in 1989.
Date: December 6, 2012
Location: virginia
Topics: education
Context: a news conference
Fact-check justification: McDonnell said the average student graduating from Virginia colleges is about $25,000 in debt. The study he cites says that’s the level of debt among students who have taken out loans. But McDonnell omits a key point. The average he cited doesn’t count a large number of students who graduated debt free. When they are included, the average is $14,628. So we rate his  .
Statement: Says a $12.5 million incentive deal she approved for Abbott Laboratories contained "strong protections for taxpayers if job creation goals were not met.
Speaker: mary burke
About the speaker: Burke is a former Trek Bicycle executive and former Wisconsin Commerce Department secretary who announced on Oct. 7, 2013 that she would seek the Democratic nomination for governor in Wisconsin in the fall 2014 election against incument Republican Gov. Scott Walker. She lost to Walker on Nov. 4, 2014. She is a school board member in Madison, Wisconsin.
Date: July 9, 2014
Location: wisconsin
Topics: jobs;state budget
Context: a news release
Fact-check justification: If Abbott couldn’t produce by a date certain, "then KABA should have had the ability to exercise alternative property rights to develop the land in accordance with (block grant) standards," he said. Our rating Burke’s campaign said the $12.5 million incentive deal she approved for Abbott Laboratories contained "strong protections for taxpayers if job creation goals were not met." While the land provides some collateral, the deal’s protections and structure fell short of those used in many such cases, leaving the state vulnerable to picking up some or most of the pieces if Abbott doesn’t deliver. And it’s hard to reconcile how "strong protections" could have allowed the scenario now unfolding in which the state is paying cash to HUD. We rate the  .
Statement: Air travelers "can't get on a plane in the United States without someone doing a background check" on them.
Speaker: dannel malloy
About the speaker: Dannel Malloy, a Democrat, is the governor of Connecticut. Before being elected governor in November 2010, Malloy served as the mayor of Stamford from 1995 to 2009.
Date: April 3, 2013
Location: national
Topics: guns
Context: an interview on MSNBC
Fact-check justification: Malloy said he "can’t get on a plane in the United States without someone doing a background check on me," while less oversight exists for gun purchases. Background checks on gun purchases -- which assess a person’s criminal history -- do not apply to the private transfer of weapons, only to purchases from licensed gun dealers. And it’s  that many guns are bought legally with no background check. But the Secure Flight program does not check people’s legal history in the same way. It compares passenger information with lists of suspected terrorists. It’s a security measure, but not a  background check. Though unlike with guns, it applies to everyone. Malloy’s statement is only partially accurate. We rate it .
Statement: Up to 80 percent of small businesses will be forced to give up their current plans due to new Obamacare regulations.
Speaker: senate republican conference
About the speaker: The Senate Republican Conference is the group representing Republican members of the U.S. Senate.
Date: March 22, 2012
Location: national
Topics: health care;message machine 2012;small business;workers
Context: a Web video
Fact-check justification: A Senate Republican Conference video argues that "up to 80 percent of small businesses will be forced to give up their current plans due to new Obamacare regulations." In doing so, it is choosing an estimate that is at the high end of a range that also includes estimates of 66 and 49 percent, but the video does say "up to." Businesses give up that status by changing their plans, whether by choice or because of the exigencies of the market. The health care law doesn’t directly force businesses to give up their plans, which makes the statement only partially accurate. We rate it .
Statement: Carnage" is being caused "by people who are coming across the border.
Speaker: greg abbott
About the speaker: Greg Abbott won election as governor of Texas in November 2014, carrying 59 percent of the vote. Abbott was re-elected in 2018. Abbott, a former member of the Texas Supreme Court, served three terms as the state's attorney general before being succeeded by Ken Paxton in early 2015.
Date: June 16, 2021
Location: texas
Topics: immigration;border security
Context: a press conference
Fact-check justification: And it's the people who are crossing the border that are causing "carnage" in the state, he said.    But this violent rhetoric is an exaggerated depiction of what law enforcement agencies are encountering on the ground.   If we take carnage to mean criminal violence and killings, state and local crime data doesn’t back that up. Although various law enforcement agencies in border communities have recorded a rash of property crimes attributable to traveling migrants — like break-ins, cut fences and car thefts — violent crime is relatively steady compared to last year.    We rate this  .
Statement: Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer "has just been stripped of her emergency coronavirus powers by her state legislature.
Speaker: instagram posts
About the speaker: Posters on Instagram, where people share photos and graphics and sometimes add filters.
Date: April 27, 2020
Topics: facebook fact-checks;coronavirus
Context: a screenshot
Fact-check justification: The Instagram post also errs in saying that Republicans targeted Whitmer’s emergency powers because she used them to issue orders "blocking sales of vegetable seeds and American flags." We rated two similar claims  — Whitmer’s executive orders do not ban the sale of any particular product. Since Michigan legislators have moved to limit the governor’s emergency powers, the Instagram post contains an element of . But Whitmer’s emergency powers have not yet been repealed, and she has said she will veto the legislation if and when it reaches her desk. We rate the post .
Statement: In 1935, more than 50% of the elderly population lived in poverty. Today that poverty rate stands officially at 9.4%.
Speaker: eddie bernice johnson
About the speaker: Eddie Bernice Johnson is a U.S. House member who has represented Texas’ 30th district since 1993.
Date: August 10, 2010
Location: national
Topics: social security
Context: a speech on the House floor
Fact-check justification: The poverty rate among the elderly has dramatically declined. Whether that was the result of Social Security or other factors is beyond the scope of this review.  By the best available measures the rate in 1935 was, as she stated, more than 50 percent. And she was just a fraction off on the current level of 9.7 percent. So we rate her statement .
Statement: Around the world, people who exercise their "health autonomy" and don't get vaccinated are being put "basically into internment camps.
Speaker: ron johnson
About the speaker: Ron Johnson is a Republican U.S. senator from Wisconsin. A businessman and accountant, Johnson defeated Democratic Sen. Russ Feingold in the 2010 election. He is seeking re-election in 2016.
Date: December 8, 2021
Location: wisconsin
Topics: health care;public health;coronavirus
Context: Radio interview
Fact-check justification: UPDATE Dec. 14, 2021 at 9:02 a.m. : A prior version of this article incorrectly stated that quarantined Australians were tested three times a day at the site. They are tested three times during their two-week stay.
Statement: NASA photos of the moon and Earth show that "space is fake.
Speaker: viral image
About the speaker: Graphics, pictures and charts shared on social media give chain emails a run for their money when it comes to spreading too-good-to-be-true claims all over the Internet. A common form is is the "Internet macro," which uses an easily recognized and repurposed image (called a meme) wth superimposed text to make a funny but political argument. Sometimes these images are passed across social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Reddit so widely that the original source is nearly impossible to determine.
Date: July 20, 2022
Topics: science;space;facebook fact-checks
Context: an Instagram post
Fact-check justification: Now we have governmental agencies , astrophysicists, and astronomers dedicated to the study of space. The statement that this image shows "space is " is  and . That’s our definition for ! RELATED:    The James Webb Space Telescope and the images it has taken are real RELATED:  Fact-checking the ‘hollow earth’ conspiracy theory
Statement: The Pink Pony club in DeKalb County has never been cited for any violation of an ordinance or state law.
Speaker: pink pony
About the speaker: The Pink Pony is an adult entertainment club located in the city of Brookhaven. It opened in 1991.
Date: May 13, 2013
Location: georgia
Topics: legal issues
Context: an interview
Fact-check justification: The Georgia Bureau of Investigation looked under the Pink Pony, Trop Inc. and owner Dennis Williams and could not find anything related to the DeKalb County business. Again, we were focused on examining the  that the club ownership -- not individual dancers or staff -- has not violated any laws or ordinances. Nothing to see here, it seems. No agency could find any record of a violation. We rate this statement .