OPEN Act

To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to require corporations and labor organizations to disclose to their shareholders or members the amounts disbursed for certain political activity, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Openness in Political Expenditures Now Act OPEN Act 2. Disclosure by corporations and labor organizations to shareholders and members of disbursements for political activity (a) Disclosure required Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 ( 2 U.S.C. 431 et seq. 325. Disclosures by Corporations and Labor Organizations to Shareholders and Members of Information on Disbursements for Certain Political Activity (a) Including information in regular periodic reports (1) In general A corporation which submits regular, periodic reports to its shareholders and a labor organization which submits regular, periodic reports to its members shall include in each such report, in a clear and conspicuous manner, the information described in paragraph (2) with respect to the disbursements made by the corporation or labor organization for covered political activity during the period covered by the report, but only if the amount of the disbursement made for such activity during the period covered by the report equals or exceeds the applicable threshold for the activity described in paragraph (3). (2) Information described The information described in this paragraph is, for each disbursement for covered political activity— (A) the date of the disbursement; (B) the amount of the disbursement; (C) in the case of a disbursement consisting of an independent expenditure or an electioneering communication, or in the case of a covered political activity described in subsection (c)(3), the name of the candidate identified in the independent expenditure or electioneering communication involved, the Commission ID assigned to the candidate, and the office sought by the candidate; and (D) in the case of a covered political activity described in subsection (c)(4), the identification of the association or organization to whom the disbursement was made, and the Commission ID (if any) assigned to the association or organization. (3) Applicable threshold for disclosure For purposes of paragraph (1), the applicable threshold (A) In the case of covered political activity consisting of an independent expenditure, $250. (B) In the case of covered political activity consisting of an electioneering communication or a communication described in subsection (c)(3), $10,000. (C) In the case of covered political activity consisting of a payment described in subsection (c)(4), the amount of the limitation on contributions which is in effect under section 315(a)(1)(C) as of the last day of the period. (b) Submission of Statement to Commission (1) Submission of statement If a corporation or labor organization includes information in a report pursuant to this section, at the time the corporation or labor organization submits the report to its shareholders or members, the corporation or labor organization shall file a statement with the Commission consisting of the information included in the report pursuant to this section. (2) Hyperlink to information (A) Requiring posting of hyperlink If a corporation or labor organization maintains an Internet site, the corporation or labor organization shall post on such Internet site a hyperlink from its homepage to the location on the Internet site of the Commission which contains the statement filed by the corporation or labor organization under paragraph (1). (B) Deadline; duration of posting The corporation or labor organization shall post the hyperlink described in subparagraph (A) not later than 24 hours after the Commission posts the statement filed by the corporation or labor organization under paragraph (1) on the Internet site of the Commission, and shall ensure that the hyperlink remains on the Internet site of the corporation or labor organization until the expiration of the 1-year period which begins on the date of the election with respect to which the disbursements included in the statement are made. (c) Covered Political Activity Defined In this section, the term covered political activity (1) An independent expenditure (as defined in section 301(17)). (2) An electioneering communication (as defined in section 304(f)(3)). (3) A communication which would be treated as an electioneering communication under section 304(f)(3) if the communication had been a broadcast, cable, or satellite communication. (4) The payment of dues or other amounts to a trade association or to a section 501(c)(4) organization. (d) Other Definitions In this section, the following definitions apply: (1) The term corporation (2) The term labor organization (3) The term section 501(c)(4) organization section 501(c) . (b) Effective date The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to reports described in section 325(a)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (as added by subsection (a)) which are filed after the expiration of the 90-day period which begins on the date of the enactment of this Act. 3. Limitation on engaging in covered political activities by social welfare organizations (a) In general Section 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following: (C) (i) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to an entity for a taxable year if the total expenditures of such entity for the taxable year for covered political activity exceed the lesser of— (I) 10 percent of the total expenditures of such entity for the taxable year, or (II) $10,000,000. (ii) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to an entity for a taxable year unless its governing instrument includes provisions the effects of which are to prohibit the expenditures of the entity for a covered political activity from exceeding the threshold specified in clause (i). (iii) For purposes of this subparagraph, the term covered political activity (I) any activity described in paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 325(c) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971; and (II) any payment by the entity to any other entity described in this paragraph or to an organization described in paragraph (6) which the payor entity knows, or has reason to know, will be used directly or indirectly by the payee entity or organization for any activity referred to in subclause (I). (iv) Clause (i) shall not apply for a taxable year for which the 10 percent threshold specified in clause (i)(I) is exceeded by not more than a de minimis amount if the Secretary determines that the reason for exceeding the threshold was not willful and is due to reasonable cause. (v) The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to prevent the avoidance of clause (i), including regulations relating to a direct or indirect transfer of all or part of the assets of an entity to an entity controlled (directly or indirectly) by the same person or persons who control the transferor entity. . (b) Effective date The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act. 4. Severability If any provision of this Act or amendment made by this Act, or the application of a provision or amendment to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected by the holding.

Summary: Openness in Political Expenditures Now Act or OPEN Act - Amends the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to require a corporation which submits regular, periodic reports to its shareholders and a labor organization which submits similar reports to its members to include in each such report specified information on disbursements it has made for certain political activity (including independent expenditures and electioneering communications) during the period covered by the report. Limits the amount of disbursements reported, however, to the amount that equals or exceeds the applicable threshold for the covered political activity. Defines "applicable threshold" for a disbursement as: (1) $250 for an independent expenditure, (2) $10,000 for an electioneering communication or another kind of communication meeting specified criteria, and (3) the amount of the applicable limitation on contributions in effect for payment of dues or other amounts to a trade association or to a tax-exempt non-profit civic league meeting certain criteria (501[c][4] organization). Requires a corporation or labor organization reporting such expenditures to: (1) file a statement about them with the Election Assistance Commission (EAC), and (2) post on its website (if any) a hyperlink from its homepage to this statement on the EAC website. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to subject a 501(c)(4) organization to the income tax on corporations if: (1) its expenditures for the taxable year for covered political activity exceed the lesser of 10% of its total expenditures or $10 million, and (2) its governing instrument does not effectively prohibit its expenditures for a covered political activity from exceeding these thresholds.