ORE Act

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to permanently allow a tax deduction at the time an investment is made in property used to extract critical minerals and metals from the United States, to modify the prohibition on the acquisition of certain sensitive materials from non-allied foreign nations, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Onshoring Rare Earths Act of 2020 ORE Act 2. Permanent full expensing for property used to extract critical minerals and metals within the United States (a) In general Section 168(k) (11) Special rule for property used in the extraction of critical minerals and metals within the United States (A) In general In the case of any qualified property which is directly involved in extracting critical minerals and metals from deposits in the United States— (i) paragraph (2)(A)(iii) shall not apply, and (ii) the applicable percentage shall be 100 percent. (B) Critical minerals and metals For purposes of this paragraph, the term critical minerals and metals . (b) Effective date The amendment made by this section shall apply to property placed in service after December 31, 2019. 3. Permanent full expensing for nonresidential real property used in the extraction of critical minerals and metals within the United States (a) In general Section 168 (n) Special allowance for nonresidential real property used in the extraction of critical minerals and metals within the United States (1) New structures In the case of any qualified real property— (A) (i) if such property is placed in service on or after the date of enactment of this subsection, the depreciation deduction provided by section 167(a) for the taxable year in which such property is placed in service shall include an allowance equal to 100 percent of the adjusted basis of such property, or (ii) if such property was placed in service before the date of enactment of this subsection, the depreciation deduction provided by section 167(a) for the first taxable year beginning after such date shall include an allowance equal to 100 percent of the adjusted basis of such property, and (B) the adjusted basis of such property shall be reduced by the amount of such deduction before computing the amount otherwise allowable as a depreciation deduction under this chapter for such taxable year and any subsequent taxable year. (2) Qualified real property For purposes of this subsection, the term qualified real property . (b) Effective date The amendment made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2019. 4. Deduction for purchase of critical minerals and metals extracted within the United States (a) In general Part VI of subchapter B of chapter 1 177. Deduction for purchase of critical minerals and metals extracted within the United States (a) Allowance of deduction There shall be allowed as a deduction for the taxable year an amount equal to 200 percent of the cost paid or incurred by the taxpayer for the purchase or acquisition of critical minerals and metals (as defined in section 168(k)(11)(B)) which have been extracted from deposits in the United States. (b) Application with other deductions No deduction shall be allowed under any other provision of this chapter with respect to any expenditure with respect to which a deduction is allowed or allowable under this section to the taxpayer. . (b) Conforming amendment The table of sections for part VI of subchapter B of chapter 1 Sec. 177. Deduction for purchase of critical minerals and metals extracted within the United States. . (c) Effective date The amendments made by this section shall apply to amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2019. 5. Modification of prohibition on acquisition of certain sensitive materials (a) Extension of prohibition to mined, refined, and separated materials Subsection (a)(1) of section 2533c of title 10, United States Code, is amended by striking melted or produced mined, refined, separated, melted, or produced (b) Commercially available off-the-Shelf item exception Subsection (c)(3)(A)(i) of such section is amended by striking 50 percent or more tungsten 50 percent or more covered material 6. Grant program for development of critical minerals and metals (a) Establishment The Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, shall establish a grant program to finance pilot projects for the development of critical minerals and metals in the United States. (b) Limitation on grant awards A grant awarded under subsection (a) may not exceed $10,000,000. (c) Economic viability In awarding grants under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall give priority to projects the Secretary determines are likely to be economically viable over the long term. (d) Secondary recovery In awarding grants under subsection (a) during a fiscal year, the Secretary of Defense shall seek to award not less than 30 percent of the total amount of grants awarded during that fiscal year for projects relating to secondary recovery of critical minerals and metals. (e) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Defense $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024 to carry out the grant program established under subsection (a). (f) Definitions In this section: (1) Critical minerals and metals The term critical minerals and metals (2) Secondary recovery The term secondary recovery

Summary: Onshoring Rare Earths Act of 2020 or the ORE Act This bill allows permanent expensing of property used in the extraction of certain critical minerals and metals within the United States and of nonresidential real property used in extracting such minerals and metals. Expensing is the treatment of expenditures as operating costs deductible in full in the current taxable year. The bill allows a new tax deduction for 200% of the cost of purchasing or acquiring such critical minerals and metals extracted from deposits in the United States. The bill requires the Department of Defense (DOD) to establish a pilot project grant program for the development of critical minerals and metals in the United States. A grant awarded under such program may not exceed $10 million. In awarding grants, DOD must give priority to projects determined to be economically viable over the long term and must allot 30% of grants funds to the secondary recovery of critical minerals and metals.