American FIRST Act of 2023

To provide enhanced reporting requirements for Federal banking regulators, to amend the Federal Reserve Act to remove the designation of Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and for other purposes. 1. Short title; Table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the American Financial Institution Regulatory Sovereignty and Transparency Act of 2023 American FIRST Act of 2023 (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; Table of contents. Title I—Stop Executive Capture of Banking Regulators Sec. 101. Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders. Title II—Ensuring U.S. Authority over U.S. Banking Regulations Sec. 201. Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations. Sec. 202. Report on certain climate-related interactions with covered international organizations. Title III—Banking Regulator International Reporting Sec. 301. Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations. Title IV—Supervision Reform Sec. 401. Removal of the Vice Chairman for Supervision designation. I Stop Executive Capture of Banking Regulators 101. Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders (a) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 247b (11) Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may not implement a non-binding recommendation made by the Chairperson of the Financial Stability Oversight Council or contained in an Executive Order unless the Board of Governors first provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with— (A) notice that the Board of Governors intends to implement such recommendation; (B) a report containing the proposed implementation by the Board of Governors and a justification for such implementation; and (C) upon request, not later than the end of the 120-day period beginning on the date of the notice under subparagraph (A), testimony on such proposed implementation. . (b) Office of the Comptroller of the Currency Section 324 of the Revised Statutes of the United States ( 12 U.S.C. 1 (c) Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders The Comptroller of the Currency may not implement a non-binding recommendation made by the Chairperson of the Financial Stability Oversight Council or contained in an Executive Order unless the Comptroller of the Currency first provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with— (1) notice that the Comptroller of the Currency intends to implement such recommendation; (2) a report containing the proposed implementation by the Comptroller of the Currency and a justification for such implementation; and (3) upon request, not later than the end of the 120-day period beginning on the date of the notice under paragraph (1), testimony on such proposed implementation. . (c) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Section 2 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1812 (g) Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders The Board of Directors of the Corporation may not implement a non-binding recommendation made by the Chairperson of the Financial Stability Oversight Council or contained in an Executive Order unless the Board of Directors first provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with— (1) notice that the Board of Directors intends to implement such recommendation; (2) a report containing the proposed implementation by the Board of Directors and a justification for such implementation; and (3) upon request, not later than the end of the 120-day period beginning on the date of the notice under paragraph (1), testimony on such proposed implementation. . (d) National Credit Union Administration Section 102 of the Federal Credit Union Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1752a (g) Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders The Board may not implement a non-binding recommendation made by the Chairperson of the Financial Stability Oversight Council or contained in an Executive Order unless the Board first provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with— (1) notice that the Board intends to implement such recommendation; (2) a report containing the proposed implementation by the Board and a justification for such implementation; and (3) upon request, not later than the end of the 120-day period beginning on the date of the notice under paragraph (1), testimony on such proposed implementation. . (e) Federal Housing Finance Agency Section 1311 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 ( 12 U.S.C. 4511 (d) Report on the implementation of recommendations from the FSOC Chairperson and Executive Orders The Director may not implement a non-binding recommendation made by the Chairperson of the Financial Stability Oversight Council or contained in an Executive Order unless the Director first provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with— (1) notice that the Director intends to implement such recommendation; (2) a report containing the proposed implementation by the Director and a justification for such implementation; and (3) upon request, not later than the end of the 120-day period beginning on the date of the notice under paragraph (1), testimony on such proposed implementation. . II Ensuring U.S. Authority over U.S. Banking Regulations 201. Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations (a) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 247b (12) Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations (A) In general The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may not propose or finalize a major covered rule unless, not later than 120 days before issuing such a proposed or final rule, the Board of Governors provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with notice, testimony, and a detailed economic analysis with respect to the proposed or final rule, including projections of economic costs, sectoral effects, and effects on the availability of credit, the gross domestic product, and employment. (B) Major covered rule defined In this paragraph, the term major covered rule (i) that the Board of Governors determines would have an effect, in the aggregate, on the economy of the United States of $10,000,000,000 or more during the 10-year period beginning on the date the rule takes effect; and (ii) that is intended to align or conform with a recommendation from a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). . (b) Office of the Comptroller of the Currency Section 324 of the Revised Statutes of the United States ( 12 U.S.C. 1 (d) Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations (1) In general The Comptroller of the Currency may not propose or finalize a major covered rule unless, not later than 120 days before issuing such a proposed or final rule, the Comptroller of the Currency provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with notice, testimony, and a detailed economic analysis with respect to the proposed or final rule, including projections of economic costs, sectoral effects, and effects on the availability of credit, the gross domestic product, and employment. (2) Major covered rule defined In this subsection, the term major covered rule (A) that the Comptroller of the Currency determines would have an effect, in the aggregate, on the economy of the United States of $10,000,000,000 or more during the 10-year period beginning on the date the rule takes effect; and (B) that is intended to align or conform with a recommendation from a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). . (c) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Section 2 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1812 (h) Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations (1) In general The Board of Directors of the Corporation may not propose or finalize a major covered rule unless, not later than 120 days before issuing such a proposed or final rule, the Board of Directors provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with notice, testimony, and a detailed economic analysis with respect to the proposed or final rule, including projections of economic costs, sectoral effects, and effects on the availability of credit, the gross domestic product, and employment. (2) Major covered rule defined In this subsection, the term major covered rule (A) that the Board of Directors determines would have an effect, in the aggregate, on the economy of the United States of $10,000,000,000 or more during the 10-year period beginning on the date the rule takes effect; and (B) that is intended to align or conform with a recommendation from a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). . (d) National Credit Union Administration Section 102 of the Federal Credit Union Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1752a (h) Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations (1) In general The Board may not propose or finalize a major covered rule unless, not later than 120 days before issuing such a proposed or final rule, the Board provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with notice, testimony, and a detailed economic analysis with respect to the proposed or final rule, including projections of economic costs, sectoral effects, and effects on the availability of credit, the gross domestic product, and employment. (2) Major covered rule defined In this subsection, the term major covered rule (A) that the Board determines would have an effect, in the aggregate, on the economy of the United States of $10,000,000,000 or more during the 10-year period beginning on the date the rule takes effect; and (B) that is intended to align or conform with a recommendation from a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). . (e) Federal Housing Finance Agency Section 1311 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 ( 12 U.S.C. 4511 (e) Requirements in connection with rulemakings implementing policies of non-governmental international organizations (1) In general The Director may not propose or finalize a major covered rule unless, not later than 120 days before issuing such a proposed or final rule, the Director provides the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate with notice, testimony, and a detailed economic analysis with respect to the proposed or final rule, including projections of economic costs, sectoral effects, and effects on the availability of credit, the gross domestic product, and employment. (2) Major covered rule defined In this subsection, the term major covered rule (A) that the Director determines would have an effect, in the aggregate, on the economy of the United States of $10,000,000,000 or more during the 10-year period beginning on the date the rule takes effect; and (B) that is intended to align or conform with a recommendation from a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). . 202. Report on certain climate-related interactions with covered international organizations (a) In general A Federal banking regulator may not meet with or otherwise engage with a covered international organization on the topic of climate-related financial risk during a calendar year unless the Federal banking regulator has issued a report to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate containing, for the previous calendar year— (1) a complete description of the activities of the covered international organization in which the Federal banking regulator participates (including any task force, committee, or other organizational unit thereof); and (2) a detailed accounting of the governmental and non-governmental funding sources of the covered international organization (including any task force, committee, or other organizational unit thereof). (b) Definitions In this section: (1) Covered international organization The term covered international organization (2) Federal banking regulator The term Federal banking regulator III Banking Regulator International Reporting 301. Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations (a) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 247b (13) Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations With respect to interactions between the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision), the Board of Governors shall— (A) keep a complete record of all such interactions, including minutes of all meetings and any recommendations made during such interaction for international standardization with respect to open-market policies and operations, discount lending and operations (including collateral policies), or supervisory policies and operations; and (B) issue an annual report to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate containing— (i) all of the information recorded pursuant to subparagraph (A) with respect to the previous year; and (ii) with respect to each non-governmental international organization with which the Board of Governors had an interaction in the previous year, a description of the funding sources of the non-governmental international organization. . (b) Office of the Comptroller of the Currency Section 324 of the Revised Statutes of the United States ( 12 U.S.C. 1 (e) Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations With respect to interactions between the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision), the Comptroller of the Currency shall— (1) keep a complete record of all such interactions, including minutes of all meetings and any recommendations made during such interaction for international standardization with respect to discount lending and operations (including collateral policies) or supervisory policies and operations; and (2) issue an annual report to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate containing— (A) all of the information recorded pursuant to paragraph (1) with respect to the previous year; and (B) with respect to each non-governmental international organization with which the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency had an interaction in the previous year, a description of the funding sources of the non-governmental international organization. . (c) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Section 2 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1812 (i) Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations With respect to interactions between the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision), the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall— (1) keep a complete record of all such interactions, including minutes of all meetings and any recommendations made during such interaction for international standardization with respect to discount lending and operations (including collateral policies) or supervisory policies and operations; and (2) issue an annual report to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate containing— (A) all of the information recorded pursuant to paragraph (1) with respect to the previous year; and (B) with respect to each non-governmental international organization with which the Corporation had an interaction in the previous year, a description of the funding sources of the non-governmental international organization. . (d) National Credit Union Administration Section 102 of the Federal Credit Union Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1752a (i) Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations With respect to interactions between the Administration and a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision), the Board shall— (1) keep a complete record of all such interactions, including minutes of all meetings and any recommendations made during such interaction for international standardization with respect to discount lending and operations (including collateral policies) or supervisory policies and operations; and (2) issue an annual report to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate containing— (A) all of the information recorded pursuant to paragraph (1) with respect to the previous year; and (B) with respect to each non-governmental international organization with which the Administration had an interaction in the previous year, a description of the funding sources of the non-governmental international organization. . (e) Federal Housing Finance Agency Section 1311 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 ( 12 U.S.C. 4511 (f) Reporting on interactions with non-governmental international organizations With respect to interactions between the Federal Housing Finance Agency and a non-governmental international organization (including the Financial Stability Board, the Bank for International Settlements, the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision), the Director shall— (1) keep a complete record of all such interactions, including minutes of all meetings and any recommendations made during such interaction for international standardization with respect to discount lending and operations (including collateral policies) or supervisory policies and operations; and (2) issue an annual report to the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate containing— (A) all of the information recorded pursuant to paragraph (1) with respect to the previous year; and (B) with respect to each non-governmental international organization with which the Federal Housing Finance Agency had an interaction in the previous year, a description of the funding sources of the non-governmental international organization. . IV Supervision Reform 401. Removal of the Vice Chairman for Supervision designation (a) In general The second undesignated paragraph of section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 242 and 2 shall be designated by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve as Vice Chairmen of the Board, each for a term of 4 years, 1 of whom shall serve in the absence of the Chairman, as provided in the fourth undesignated paragraph of this section, and 1 of whom shall be designated Vice Chairman for Supervision. The Vice Chairman for Supervision shall develop policy recommendations for the Board regarding supervision and regulation of depository institution holding companies and other financial firms supervised by the Board, and shall oversee the supervision and regulation of such firms. and 1 shall be designated by the President, by and with the consent of the Senate, to serve as Vice Chairman of the Board for a term of 4 years. (b) Conforming amendment Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 241 et seq. December 19, 2023 Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

Summary: American Financial Institution Regulatory Sovereignty and Transparency Act of 2023 or the American FIRST Act of 2023This bill establishes reporting requirements for the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the National Credit Union Administration, and the Federal Housing Finance Agency.Specifically, the bill requires these entities to report to Congress prior to implementing a non-binding recommendation from the Financial Stability Oversight Council or a recommendation contained in an Executive Order.Further, these entities must report to Congress regarding activity associated with certain nongovernmental international organizations, including the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Specifically, when proposing or finalizing major rules to conform with recommendations from these organizations, entities must submit to Congress notice, testimony, and a detailed economic analysis with respect to the proposed or final rule prior to its issuance. Additionally, in order to engage with these organizations about climate-related financial risks, entities must report on any participation with the organization’s activities and on the organization's funding sources. Entities must also report on any recommendations received from international organizations for international standardization regarding discount lending and operations or supervisory policies and operations.The bill also eliminates the position of Vice Chairman for Supervision from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Currently, the Vice Chairman for Supervision develops policy recommendations for depository institution holding companies and other entities and oversees the supervision and regulation of these entities.