Access to Substance Abuse Treatment Act of 2016

To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide grants for treatment of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphet‑amine (ecstasy), and phency‑clidine (PCP) abuse, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Access to Substance Abuse Treatment Act of 2016 2. Purpose It is the purpose of this Act to— (1) reduce crime and improve public safety by making treatment for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine (ecstasy), and phen­cy­cli­dine (PCP) abuse available to every American who needs it; (2) keep families together by encouraging alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent drug law offenses; (3) help identify root causes and most effective treatment methods for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse; and (4) expand research into cutting-edge treatment methods for stimulant abuse. 3. Heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine (ecstasy), and phen­cy­cli­dine (PCP) treatment and wrap-around programs Subpart 1 of part B of title V of the Public Health Service Act is amended by— (1) redesignating the second section 514 (relating to methamphetamine and amphetamine treatment) as section 514B; and (2) adding at the end the following new sections: 514C. Initiative to increase heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, and PCP treatment capacity (a) In general The Secretary may make grants to State, local, and tribal governments for the purpose of increasing the availability of treatment for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine (ecstasy), and phen­cy­cli­dine (PCP) abuse. (b) Requirements (1) In general To seek a grant under subsection (a) (2) Use of grant funds The grants made under subsection (a) (A) build treatment centers; (B) expand existing treatment centers; (C) hire treatment professionals; (D) provide training and education to substance abuse professionals, medical professionals, and educators related to the treatment of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse; and (E) engage in other activities that the Secretary has determined are relevant to the purpose of the grants under subsection (a) (c) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for fiscal years 2017 through 2021. 514D. Heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, and PCP abuse treatment vouchers for underserved populations (a) In general The Secretary may make grants to State, local, and tribal governments and nonprofit entities to provide vouchers to individuals in underserved populations for authorized services related to the treatment of such individuals for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine (ecstasy), and phen­cy­cli­dine (PCP) abuse. (b) Requirements (1) Application To seek a grant under subsection (a) (A) to identify individuals who would benefit from treatment for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine abuse; (B) to identify if such individuals are in underserved populations; and (C) to provide vouchers to such individuals in such populations. (2) Preservation of choice A recipient of a grant under this section may not restrict the ability of an individual receiving a voucher under this section to use the voucher to pay for authorized services furnished by any provider of authorized services, so long as the provider of such services meets all applicable State licensure or certification requirements regarding the provision of such services. (3) Duration of award With respect to a grant under this section, the period during which payments under such grant are made to the grant recipient may not exceed five years. (4) Matching funds The Secretary may require that recipients of grants under this section provide non-Federal matching funds, as determined appropriate by the Secretary, to ensure the commitment of the grant recipients to the provision of vouchers for treatment to individuals who use heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine. Such non-Federal matching funds may be provided directly or through donations from public or private entities and may be in cash or in-kind, fairly evaluated, including property, equipment, or services. (5) Maintenance of effort The Secretary may require that grant recipients under this section agree to maintain expenditures of non-Federal amounts for authorized services related to the treatment of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse at a level that is not less than the level of such expenditures maintained by the recipient for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the entity receives such a grant. (c) Report (1) In general Not later than December 1, 2017, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress on the grants under subsection (a). (2) Contents of report The report under paragraph (1) shall contain an evaluation of the effectiveness of the grants made under subsection (a) in improving access to heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine treatment for underserved populations. (d) Definitions For purposes of this section: (1) Authorized services The term authorized services (A) treatment for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine abuse, including individual, group, and family counseling regarding such abuse; (B) follow-up services to prevent an individual from relapsing into such abuse; (C) wrap-around services, as such term is defined in section 514E(e)(4); and (D) any additional services specified by the Secretary. (2) Underserved population The term underserved population (e) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for fiscal years 2017 through 2021. 514E. Comprehensive wrap-around heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine (ecstasy), and phen­cy­cli­dine (PCP) treatment services (a) In general The Secretary may make grants to public, private, and nonprofit entities, Indian tribes, and tribal organizations to establish programs to provide for and coordinate the provision of wrap-around services to heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine-affected individuals. (b) Minimum qualifications for receipt of award To seek a grant under subsection (a) (1) the applicant has the capacity to carry out a program described in subsection (a) (2) the applicant has entered into agreements with entities in the community involved, through which the applicant will provide wrap-around services; and (3) the applicant, or any entity through which the applicant will provide such services, meets all applicable State licensure or certification requirements regarding the provision of such services. (c) Priority for grant distribution In making grants under this section, the Secretary shall give priority to applications for programs that serve communities with a high or increasing rate of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine abuse or addiction, as specified by the Secretary. (d) Reports For each year that a public, private, or nonprofit entity, Indian tribe, or tribal organization receives a grant under subsection (a) for a program, such entity, tribe, or organization shall submit to the Secretary a report on the results and effectiveness of the program. (e) Definitions For purposes of this section: (1) Heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine-affected individual The term heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine-affected individual (A) (i) resided in a residential inpatient treatment facility for the treatment of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine abuse or addiction; or (ii) received treatment for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine abuse or addiction from an intensive outpatient treatment facility; and (B) after successful completion of such treatment reenters the community. (2) Intensive outpatient treatment facility The term intensive outpatient treatment facility (A) provides a minimum of seven hours of treatment for substance abuse during a week; (B) provides regularly scheduled treatment sessions within a structured program; and (C) ensures that the treatment sessions are led by health professionals or clinicians. (3) Residential inpatient treatment facility The term residential inpatient treatment facility (4) Wrap-around services The term wrap-around services (A) Medical services. (B) Dental services. (C) Mental health services. (D) Child care services. (E) Job training services. (F) Housing assistance. (G) Training in parenting. (H) Prevention services for family members, with respect to heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse or addiction. (I) Transportation assistance services for purposes of participation in the services listed in subparagraphs (A) through (H). (f) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for fiscal years 2017 through 2021. . 4. Extension and expansion of residential treatment program for pregnant and postpartum women to include caregiver parents Section 508 of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 290bb–1 (1) in the heading, by striking pregnant and postpartum women caregiver parents, including pregnant women (2) in subsection (a)— (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— (i) by inserting , Indian tribes, and tribal organizations nonprofit private entities (ii) by striking pregnant and postpartum women treatment for substance abuse caregiver parents, including pregnant women, treatment for substance abuse (including treatment for addiction to heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine (ecstasy), or phen­cy­cli­dine (PCP)) (B) in each of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), by striking the women such parents (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting supplemental services (3) in subsection (b)— (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting , Indian tribes, or tribal organizations nonprofit private entities (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) by striking the services such services (ii) by striking woman caregiver parent (4) in subsection (c)— (A) in paragraph (1), by striking eligible woman eligible caregiver parent (B) by striking the women the woman such parent (5) in subsection (d)— (A) in the matter proceeding paragraph (1), by striking woman caregiver parent (B) in paragraphs (3) and (4), by striking the woman such parent (C) in paragraph (9)— (i) by striking the women such parent (ii) by striking units unit (iii) by striking of parents of the parents of such parent (D) in paragraph (10), by inserting , Indian tribes, or tribal organizations entities (E) in paragraph (11)— (i) by striking the women such parent (ii) by striking their children the children of such parent (6) in subsection (f)(1), in the matter proceeding subparagraph (A) by inserting , Indian tribes, or tribal organizations public or private entities (7) in subsection (g)— (A) by striking identify women identify caregiver parents (B) by striking the women such parents (8) in subsection (h)(1), by striking pregnant and postpartum women caregiver parents (9) in subsection (j)— (A) in the matter proceeding paragraph (1)— (i) by striking to on behalf to or on behalf (ii) by striking woman caregiver parent (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the woman such parent (C) in paragraph (3), by striking woman parent (10) in subsection (k)(2), by striking women caregiver parents (11) in subsection (l), by striking such agreements the funding agreements under this section (12) by amending subsection (m) to read as follows: (m) Use of funds; Priority for certain areas served (1) Use of funds A funding agreement for an award under subsection (a) for an applicant is that funds awarded under subsection (a) to such applicant shall be used for programs according to the following order of priority: (A) For a program that provides services to caregiver parents who are pregnant and postpartum women. (B) For a program that provides services to caregiver parents who are single parents and the sole caregivers with respect to their children. (C) For a program that provides services to any caregiver parents. (2) Priority for certain areas served In making awards under subsection (a), the Director shall give priority to any entity, tribe, or organization that agrees to use the award for a program serving an area that— (A) is an area determined by the Director to have a shortage of family-based substance abuse treatment options; or (B) is determined by the Director to have high rates of addiction to heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, or phen­cy­cli­dine. ; (13) in subsection (p)— (A) by striking October 1, 1994 January 1, 2017 (B) by striking Committee on Labor and Human Resources Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (C) by striking the third sentence; (14) in subsection (q)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) as paragraphs (3), (4), (5), and (6), respectively; (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following new paragraph: (2) The term caregiver parent ; and (C) by amending paragraph (3), as redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, to read as follows: (3) The term eligible caregiver parent ; and (15) in subsection (r), by striking to fiscal years 2001 through 2003 for fiscal years 2017 through 2021 5. Effectiveness of stimulant treatment methods (a) Research The Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse shall conduct research, directly or through contract with another entity, on the effectiveness of the use of agonist and antagonist drugs to reduce the problems associated with stimulant abuse, including cocaine and methamphetamine abuse. (b) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for fiscal years 2017 through 2021. 6. IOM Study on drug treatments for stimulant abuse (a) Report The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall seek to enter into a contract with the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies to complete a literature review and submit a report to Congress on the effectiveness of agonist and antagonist drugs for the treatment of stimulant abuse, including cocaine and methamphetamine abuse. (b) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section for fiscal years 2017 through 2021. 7. GAO Evaluation of the impact of this legislation (a) Study on the level of funding for treatment The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study on— (1) the impact of the programs authorized by this Act (including the amendments made by this Act) on the effectiveness and availability of treatment for heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse; (2) whether the level of Federal funding available for the treatment of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse meets, exceeds, or is less than the amount necessary to provide adequate treatment for such abuse; and (3) the impact of effective treatment of heroin, opioids, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylene­dioxy­meth­am­phet­amine, and phen­cy­cli­dine abuse on cost savings due to the reduced need for criminal justice and other services. (b) Reports (1) Interim report Not later than the last day of the two-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress a report on the interim findings of the study under subsection (a) (2) Final report Not later than 3 years after the date on which the report under paragraph (1) subsection (a) 8. No additional appropriations This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall not be construed to increase the amount of appropriations that are authorized to be approved for any fiscal year.

Summary: Access to Substance Abuse Treatment Act of 2016 This bill amends the Public Health Service Act to allow the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to make grants to: (1) increase the availability of treatment for abuse of opioids (drugs with effects similar to opium, such as heroin), cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), and phencyclidine (PCP); (2) provide vouchers to individuals in underserved populations for services related to such treatment; and (3) establish programs to provide for and coordinate the provision of services, including medical services, job training services, and housing assistance, to individuals reentering the community after successfully receiving treatment for abuse of such substances. The grant program to provide residential substance abuse treatment to pregnant and postpartum women is revised to: (1) make caregiver parents eligible for treatment, (2) make Indian tribes and tribal organizations eligible for grants, and (3) set forth the priority for allocation of grants. The National Institute on Drug Abuse must conduct research on the effectiveness of drugs to reduce the problems associated with stimulant abuse. The Department of Health and Human Services must seek to enter into a contract with the National Academy of Medicine (formerly known as the Institute of Medicine) to complete a literature review on the effectiveness of drugs for the treatment of stimulant abuse. The Government Accountability Office must study: (1) the impact of the programs authorized by this Act, (2) how the level of federal funding available for such treatment compares to the amount necessary to provide adequate treatment, and (3) the cost savings of effective treatment due to the reduced need for criminal justice and other services.