History and Tradition Protection Act of 2023

To amend the Revised Statutes of the United States to prevent the use of the legal system in a manner that extorts money from State and local governments, and the Federal Government, and inhibits such governments’ constitutional actions under the first, tenth, and fourteenth amendments. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the History and Tradition Protection Act of 2023 2. Limitations on certain lawsuits against State and local officials (a) Civil action for deprivation of rights Section 1979 of the Revised Statutes of the United States ( 42 U.S.C. 1983 (1) by inserting (a) (2) by adding at the end the following: (b) The remedies with respect to a claim under this section are limited to injunctive and declaratory relief where the deprivation consists of a violation of a prohibition in the Constitution against the establishment of religion, including, but not limited to, a violation resulting from— (1) any monument, memorial, statue, or other figure containing religious words, imagery, or symbolism; (2) a public building containing religious words, imagery, or symbolism; (3) the presence of religious words, imagery, or symbolism in the official seals and flags of the several States and the political subdivision thereof; or (4) religious expression in the context of the proceedings of any deliberative body or division of any State or deliberative body or division of the several States. . (b) Attorney’s fees Section 722(b) of the Revised Statutes of the United States ( 42 U.S.C. 1988(b) However, no fees shall be awarded under this subsection with respect to a claim described in subsection (b) of section nineteen hundred and seventy nine. 3. Limitations on certain lawsuits against the United States and Federal officials (a) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a court shall not award reasonable fees and expenses of attorneys to the prevailing party on a claim of injury consisting of the violation of a prohibition in the Constitution against the establishment of religion brought against the United States or any agency or any official of the United States acting in his or her official capacity in any court having jurisdiction over such claim, and the remedies with respect to such a claim shall be limited to injunctive and declaratory relief. (b) Definition As used in this section, the term a claim of injury consisting of the violation of a prohibition in the Constitution against the establishment of religion (1) any monument, memorial, statue, or other figure containing religious words, imagery, or symbolism; (2) a Federal building containing religious words, imagery, or symbolism; (3) the presence of religious words, imagery, or symbolism in the official seal of the United States and in its currency and official Pledge; or (4) religious expression in the context of the proceedings of any deliberative body or division of the legislative or executive branches of the United States. 4. Effective date This Act and the amendments made by this Act take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and apply to any case that— (1) is pending on such date of enactment; or (2) is commenced on or after such date of enactment.

Summary: History and Tradition Protection Act of 2023 This bill limits the types of relief that may be awarded in civil suits that involve violations of the Constitution's Establishment Clause, which prohibits the government from establishing a religion. Current law provides a statutory civil cause of action against state and local government actors for violations of constitutional rights, also known as Section 1983 lawsuits. The bill limits relief for Section 1983 lawsuits that involve violations of the Establishment Clause to injunctive and declaratory relief (i.e., nonmonetary relief) and prohibits the award of attorneys' fees in these cases, including those that involve monuments, public buildings, official seals, and government proceedings. The bill applies the same restrictions to similar lawsuits against federal agencies.