Nonviolent Drug Crime Expungement Act of 2020

To provide for the resentencing and expungement of nonviolent offenses for individuals adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Nonviolent Drug Crime Expungement Act of 2020 2. Resentencing and expungement (a) Expungement of Federal nonviolent offense convictions for individuals not under a criminal justice sentence (1) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, each Federal district shall conduct a comprehensive review and issue an order expunging each conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a Federal nonviolent offense entered by each Federal court in the district before the date of enactment of this Act, for each individual adversely impacted by the War on Drugs. Each Federal court shall also issue an order expunging any arrests associated with each expunged conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency. (2) Notification To the extent practicable, each Federal district shall notify each individual whose arrest, conviction, or adjudication of delinquency has been expunged pursuant to this subsection that their arrest, conviction, or adjudication of juvenile delinquency has been expunged, and the effect of such expungement. (3) Right to petition court for expungement At any point after the date of enactment of this Act, any individual adversely impacted by the War on Drugs with a prior conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a Federal nonviolent offense, who is not under a criminal justice sentence, may file a motion for expungement. If the expungement of such a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency is required pursuant to this Act, the court shall expunge the conviction or adjudication, and any associated arrests. If the individual is indigent, counsel shall be appointed to represent the individual in any proceedings under this subsection. (4) Sealed record The court shall seal all records related to a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency that has been expunged under this subsection. Such records may only be made available by further order of the court. (b) Sentencing review for individuals under a criminal justice sentence (1) In general For any individual adversely impacted by the War on Drugs who is under a criminal justice sentence for a Federal nonviolent offense, the court that imposed the sentence shall, on motion of the individual, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, the attorney for the Government, or the court, conduct a sentencing review hearing. If the individual is indigent, counsel shall be appointed to represent the individual in any sentencing review proceedings under this subsection. (2) Potential reduced resentencing After a sentencing hearing under paragraph (1), a court shall— (A) expunge each conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a Federal nonviolent offense entered by the court before the date of enactment of this Act, and any associated arrest; (B) vacate the existing sentence or disposition of juvenile delinquency and, if applicable, impose any remaining sentence or disposition of juvenile delinquency on the individual as if this Act, and the amendments made by this Act, were in effect at the time the offense was committed; and (C) order that all records related to a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency that has been expunged or a sentence or disposition of juvenile delinquency that has been vacated under this Act be sealed and only be made available by further order of the court. (c) Effect of expungement An individual who has had an arrest, a conviction, or juvenile delinquency adjudication expunged under this section— (1) may treat the arrest, conviction, or adjudication as if it never occurred; and (2) shall be immune from any civil or criminal penalties related to perjury, false swearing, or false statements, for a failure to disclose such arrest, conviction, or adjudication. (d) Exception An individual who at sentencing received an aggravating role adjustment pursuant to United States Sentencing Guideline 3B1.1(a) in relation to a Federal nonviolent offense conviction shall not be eligible for expungement of that conviction under this section. (e) Definitions In this section: (1) The term expunge (2) The term under a criminal justice sentence (3) The term individual adversely impacted by the War on Drugs (4) The term nonviolent offense (A) does not have as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another; or (B) is not a felony that by its nature involves a substantial risk that physical force against the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense. 3. Eligibility for Department of Justice grants Beginning in the first fiscal year that begins after the date that is one year after the date of enactment of this Act, in order to be eligible for a grant made by the Department of Justice, a State shall have in place a resentencing and expungement program that is substantially similar to the program under section 2 for nonviolent offenses under the laws of that State.

Summary: Nonviolent Drug Crime Expungement Act of 2020 This bill establishes a process to expunge convictions and conduct sentencing review hearings for federal nonviolent offenses related to cannabis, cocaine, or crack. Further, the bill requires a state, in order to be eligible for Department of Justice grants, to have a substantially similar resentencing and expungement program for nonviolent offenses under state law.