Global Respect Act

To impose sanctions with respect to foreign persons responsible for gross violations of internationally recognized human rights against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Global Respect Act 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) The dignity, freedom, and equality of all human beings are fundamental to a thriving global community. (2) The rights to life, liberty, and security of the person, the right to privacy, and the right to freedom of expression and association are fundamental rights. (3) An alarming trend of violence directed at LGBT individuals around the world continues. (4) More than one-third of all countries have laws criminalizing consensual same-sex relations, and countries such as Nigeria, Russia, Uganda, and Ukraine have recently considered or passed legislation that would further target LGBT individuals. (5) Every year thousands of individuals around the world are targeted for harassment, attack, arrest, and murder on the basis of their sexual orientation or gender identity. (6) Those who commit crimes against LGBT individuals often do so with impunity, and are not held accountable for their crimes. (7) Homophobic and transphobic statements by government officials in many countries in every region of the world promote negative public attitudes and can lead to violence toward LGBT individuals. (8) There are too many instances in which police, prison, military, and civilian government authorities have been directly complicit in abuses aimed at LGBT citizens, including arbitrary arrest, torture, and sexual abuse. (9) Celebrations of LGBT individuals and communities, such as film festivals, Pride events, and demonstrations are often forced underground due to inaction on the part of, or harassment by, local law enforcement and government officials, in violation of freedoms of assembly and expression. (10) Laws criminalizing consensual same-sex relations severely hinder access to HIV/AIDS treatment, information, and preventive measures for LGBT individuals and families. (11) Many countries are making positive developments in the protection of the basic human rights of LGBT individuals. 3. Definitions In this Act: (1) Appropriate congressional committees The term appropriate congressional committees (A) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate. (2) Foreign person The term foreign person (3) Person The term person (4) United States person The term United States person (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity. 4. Identification of foreign persons responsible for gross violations of human rights (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act and biannually thereafter, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of each foreign person that the President determines, based on credible information— (1) is responsible for or complicit in the extrajudicial killing, torture, or other gross violation of internationally recognized human rights, including widespread or systematic violation of the fundamental freedoms of expression, association, or assembly, committed against an individual in a foreign country based on actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity; (2) acted as an agent of or on behalf of a foreign person in a matter relating to an activity described in paragraph (1); or (3) is responsible for or complicit in inciting a foreign person to engage in an activity described in paragraph (1). (b) Updates The President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees an update of the list required by subsection (a) as new information becomes available. (c) Guidance relating to submission of certain information The Secretary of State shall issue public guidance, including through United States diplomatic and consular posts, relating to how names of foreign persons who may be included on the list required by subsection (a) may be submitted to the Department of State. (d) Form (1) In general The list required by subsection (a) shall be transmitted in unclassified form. (2) Exception The name of a foreign person to be included in the list required by subsection (a) may be transmitted in a classified annex only if the President— (A) determines that it is vital for the national security interests of the United States to do so; (B) uses the annex in a manner consistent with congressional intent and the purposes of this Act; and (C) not later than 15 days before transmitting the name in a classified annex, provides to the appropriate congressional committees notice of, and a justification for, including or continuing to include each foreign person in the classified annex despite any publicly available credible information indicating that the foreign person engaged in an activity described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a). (3) Consideration of certain information In preparing the list required by subsection (a), the President shall consider— (A) information provided by the Chairperson or Ranking Member of each of the appropriate congressional committees; and (B) credible information obtained by other countries and nongovernmental organizations that monitor violations of human rights. (4) Public availability The unclassified portion of the list required by subsection (a) shall be made available to the public and published in the Federal Register. (e) Removal from list A foreign person may be removed from the list required by subsection (a) if the President determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days before the removal of the foreign person from the list that— (1) credible information exists that the foreign person did not engage in the activity for which the foreign person was added to the list; (2) the foreign person has been prosecuted appropriately for the activity in which the foreign person engaged; or (3) the foreign person has credibly demonstrated a significant change in behavior, has paid an appropriate consequence for the activities in which the foreign person engaged, and has credibly committed to not engage in an activity described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a). (f) Requests by Chairperson or Ranking Member of appropriate congressional committees (1) In general Not later than 120 days after receiving a written request from the Chairperson or Ranking Member of one of the appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether a foreign person meets the criteria for being added to the list required by subsection (a), the President shall transmit a response to that Chairperson or Ranking Member, as the case may be, with respect to the status of the foreign person at issue. (2) Form The President may transmit a response required by paragraph (1) in classified form if the President determines that it is necessary for the national security interests of the United States to do so. (3) Removal (A) In general If the President removes from the list required by subsection (a) a foreign person that has been placed on the list, the President shall provide the Chairpersons and Ranking Members of the appropriate congressional committees with any information that contributed to such removal decision. (B) Form of information The President may transmit the information requested by subparagraph (A) in classified form if the President determines that it is necessary to the national security interests of the United States to do so. (g) Nonapplicability of confidentiality requirement with respect to visa records The President shall publish the list required by subsection (a) without regard to the requirements of section 222(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1202(f) 5. Inadmissibility of certain individuals (a) Ineligibility for visas and admission to the United States An individual who is a foreign person on the list required by section 4(a) is ineligible to receive a visa to enter the United States and ineligible to be admitted to the United States. (b) Current visas revoked and removal from United States The Secretary of State shall revoke, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1201(i) (c) Waiver for national security interests (1) In general The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the President, may waive the application of subsection (a) or (b), as the case may be, in the case of an individual if— (A) the Secretaries determine that such a waiver— (i) is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement between the United Nations and the United States of America regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, or other applicable international obligations of the United States; or (ii) is in the national security interests of the United States; and (B) before granting the waiver, the Secretaries provide to the appropriate congressional committees notice of, and a justification for, the waiver. (2) Timing for notice of certain waivers In the case of a waiver under subparagraph (A)(ii) of paragraph (1), the Secretaries shall submit the notice required by subparagraph (B) of such paragraph not later than 15 days before granting the waiver. (d) Regulatory authority Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall prescribe such regulations as are necessary to carry out this section. 6. Report to Congress Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the President, acting through the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on— (1) the actions taken to carry out this Act, including— (A) the number of foreign persons added to or removed from the list required by section 4(a) during the year preceding each report, the dates on which those persons were added or removed, and the reasons for adding or removing those persons; and (B) an analysis that compares increases or decreases in the number of such persons year-over-year and the reasons therefor; and (2) efforts by the executive branch to coordinate with the governments of other countries to, as appropriate, impose sanctions that are similar to the sanctions imposed under this Act. 7. Discrimination related to sexual orientation or gender identity (a) Tracking violence or criminalization related to sexual orientation or gender identity The Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor shall designate a Bureau-based senior officer or officers who shall be responsible for tracking violence, criminalization, and restrictions on the enjoyment of fundamental freedoms, consistent with United States law, in foreign countries based on actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity. (b) Annual country reports on human rights practices The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended— (1) in section 116(d) ( 22 U.S.C. 2151n(d) (A) in paragraph (11)(C), by striking and (B) in paragraph (12)— (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking and (ii) in subparagraph (C)(ii), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: (13) wherever applicable, violence or discrimination that affects the fundamental freedoms, including widespread or systematic violation of the freedoms of expression, association, or assembly, consistent with United States law, of an individual in foreign countries that is based on actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity. ; and (2) in section 502B(b) ( 22 U.S.C. 2304(b) Wherever applicable, such report shall also include information regarding violence or discrimination that affects the fundamental freedoms, including widespread or systematic violation of the freedoms of expression, association, or assembly, consistent with United States law, of an individual in foreign countries that is based on actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity.

Summary: Global Respect Act Directs the President to submit to Congress a list of each foreign person that the President determines is responsible, or acted as an agent, for extrajudicial killings, torture, or other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed against an individual in a foreign country based on actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity. Makes a listed foreign person ineligible to enter or be admitted to the United States. Requires revocation of any visa issued for such person. Authorizes the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security to waive such prohibition if in U.S. national security interests or if necessary for compliance with the Agreement between the United Nations (U.N.) and the United States regarding the U.N. Headquarters. Requires congressional notification prior to any such waiver. Directs the Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor to designate a senior officer or officers to track violence, criminalization, and restrictions on fundamental freedoms in foreign countries based on actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to include information on sexual orientation or gender identity violence or restrictions in the annual country reports on human rights practices.