Advancing Medical Resident Training in Community Hospitals Act of 2018

To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to establish rules for payment for graduate medical education (GME) costs for hospitals that establish a new medical residency training program after hosting resident rotators for short durations. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Advancing Medical Resident Training in Community Hospitals Act of 2018 2. Medicare GME treatment of hospitals establishing new medical residency training programs after hosting medical resident rotators for short durations (a) Redetermination of approved FTE resident amount Section 1886(h)(2)(F) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395ww(h)(2)(F) (1) by inserting (i) In the case of (2) by adding at the end the following: (ii) In applying this subparagraph to a hospital that has not entered into a GME affiliation agreement (as defined by the Secretary for purposes of paragraph (4)(H)(ii)), the Secretary shall not provide for the establishment of an FTE resident amount until such time as the Secretary determines that the hospital has a medical residency training program that trains more than 1.0 full-time-equivalent resident in a cost reporting period. (iii) In the case of a hospital with an approved FTE resident amount— (I) based on the training of less than 1.0 full-time-equivalent resident before October 1, 1997, or (II) based on the training of no more than 3.0 full-time-equivalent residents in a new medical residency training program in any cost reporting period beginning on or after October 1, 1997, and before the date of the enactment of this clause, or (III) based on the training of no full-time-equivalent residents in a medical residency training program for any ten consecutive cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 1997, the Secretary shall provide the hospital an opportunity to have a new FTE resident amount established when the hospital begins training at least 1.0 full-time equivalent resident (in the case of a hospital described in subclauses (I or III)) or more than 3.0 full-time-equivalent residents (in the case of a hospital described in subclause (II)) for cost reporting periods beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this clause and in accordance with the methodology under the rules in effect as of October 1, 2015. . (b) Redetermination of FTE resident limitation Section 1886(h)(4)(H)(i) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395ww(h)(4)(H)(i) (1) by inserting (I) The Secretary (2) by adding at the end the following: (II) Under this clause the Secretary shall not determine an adjustment in the limitation applicable to a hospital under subparagraph (F) until the hospital trains more than 1.0 full-time equivalent resident in a new medical residency training program in a cost reporting period. (III) In the case of a hospital that has a limitation under subparagraph (F) of less than 1.0 full-time-equivalent resident as of the date of the enactment of this subclause based on training before October 1, 1997, under this clause the Secretary shall provide the hospital an opportunity to have a new adjustment in such limitation determined when such hospital begins training at least 1.0 full-time equivalent resident in accordance with the methodology applicable to hospitals under the rules in effect as of October 1, 2015, and applied for cost reporting periods beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this subclause. (IV) In the case of a hospital that has not reported full-time-equivalent residents in ten consecutive cost reporting periods subsequent to October 1, 1997, under this clause the Secretary shall provide the hospital an opportunity to have a new adjustment in such limitation determined when such hospital begins training at least 1.0 full-time equivalent resident in accordance with the methodology applicable to hospitals under the rules in effect as of October 1, 2015, and applied for cost reporting periods beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this subclause. (V) In the case of a hospital for which an adjustment in the limitation applicable to a hospital under subparagraph (F) is based on the training of no more than 3.0 full-time-equivalent residents in a new medical residency training program in a cost reporting period beginning on or after October 1, 1997, and before the date of the enactment of this subclause, the Secretary shall provide the hospital an opportunity to have a new adjustment in such limitation determined when the hospital begins training more than 3.0 full-time-equivalent residents in accordance with the methodology applicable to hospitals under the rules in effect as of October 1, 2015, and applied for cost reporting periods beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this subclause. . (c) Effective date The amendments made by this section shall apply to payment under section 1886 of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395ww

Summary: Advancing Medical Resident Training in Community Hospitals Act of 2018 This bill revises payment rules under Medicare for graduate medical education (GME) costs with respect to a hospital that establishes a new medical residency training program. If a hospital has not entered into a GME affiliation agreement, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) must establish the hospital's full-time equivalent (FTE) resident amount only after determining that the hospital's medical residency training program trains more than 1.0 FTE resident in a cost reporting period. If a hospital has an approved FTE resident amount that is based on other specified thresholds, the CMS must give the hospital the opportunity to have the amount reestablished when the hospital begins training FTE residents in excess of the applicable threshold. The bill also establishes similar thresholds for new determinations of certain adjustments to hospital payment limitations regarding FTE residents in allopathic and osteopathic medicine; a hospital that has an adjustment has the opportunity to have it redetermined once the applicable threshold is exceeded.