Reunifying Separated Families Act of 2018

To direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to reunite alien children separated from their parent or legal guardian with such parent or legal guardian, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Reunifying Separated Families Act of 2018 2. Reuniting separated families (a) In general Except as provided in subsection (b), on the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Attorney General, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Secretary of State, shall reunite each alien child who was separated from the child’s parent or legal guardian on or after April 6, 2018. (b) Exceptions The Secretary of Homeland Security shall not reunite a child described in subsection (a) with such child’s parent or legal guardian from whom the child was separated if— (1) a State court, authorized under State law, terminated the rights of the parent or legal guardian, determined that it is in the best interests of the child to be removed from the parent or legal guardian, in accordance with the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 ( Public Law 105–89 (2) an official from the State or county child welfare agency with expertise in child trauma and development made a best interests determination that it is in the best interests of the child to be removed from the parent or legal guardian because the child is in danger of abuse or neglect at the hands of the parent or legal guardian, or is a danger to herself or others; or (3) the separation was based on a finding of an officer or employee of the Department of Homeland Security that— (A) the child is a victim of trafficking or is at significant risk of becoming a victim of trafficking; (B) there is a strong likelihood that the adult is not the parent or legal guardian of the child; or (C) the child is in danger of abuse or neglect at the hands of the parent or legal guardian, or is a danger to themselves or others, except that, in the case that a child is removed from his or her parent or legal guardian under this section, an independent child welfare expert licensed by the State or county in which the child was so removed, authorizes the separation not later than 48 hours after such removal, and if such expert does not authorize such separation, the child shall be reunited with his or her parent or legal guardian not later than 48 hours after such determination. 3. Civil penalty Beginning on the date that is 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security may be fined not more than $1,000 per child for each day that a child described in section 2(a) is not reunited with the child’s parent from whom the child was separated. 4. Inspector General report Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security shall submit a report to Congress on— (1) whether the location of any children described in section 2(a) is unknown, and if so, an explanation of why the location of such children is unknown; and (2) whether the policy of separating children from their parents and processing them as unaccompanied alien children was intended by the Department of Homeland Security to deter unlawful border crossings. 5. Limitation on the separation of families (a) In general An agent or officer of a designated agency shall be prohibited from removing a child from his or her parent or legal guardian, at or near the port of entry or within 100 miles of a border of the United States, unless one of the following has occurred: (1) A State court, authorized under State law, terminates the rights of the parent or legal guardian, determines that it is in the best interests of the child to be removed from the parent or legal guardian, in accordance with the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 ( Public Law 105–89 (2) An official from the State or county child welfare agency with expertise in child trauma and development makes a best interests determination that it is in the best interests of the child to be removed from the parent or legal guardian because the child is in danger of abuse or neglect at the hands of the parent or legal guardian, or is a danger to herself or others. (3) The Chief Patrol Agent or the Area Port Director in their official and undelegated capacity, authorizes separation upon the recommendation by an agent or officer, based on a finding that— (A) the child is a victim of trafficking or is at significant risk of becoming a victim of trafficking; (B) there is a strong likelihood that the adult is not the parent or legal guardian of the child; or (C) the child is in danger of abuse or neglect at the hands of the parent or legal guardian, or is a danger to themselves or others, except that, in the case that a child is removed from his or her parent or legal guardian under this section, an independent child welfare expert licensed by the State or county in which the child was so removed, authorizes the separation not later than 48 hours after such removal, and if such expert does not authorize such separation, the child shall be reunited with his or her parent or legal guardian not later than 48 hours after such determination. (b) Prohibition on separation (1) In general A designated agency may not remove a child from a parent or legal guardian solely for the policy goal of deterring individuals from migrating to the United States or for the policy goal of promoting compliance with civil immigration laws. (2) Penalty for family separation Any person who knowingly separates a child from his or her parent or legal guardian in violation of this section, shall be fined not more than $10,000. (c) Documentation required The Secretary shall ensure that a separation under subsection (a)(3) is documented in writing and includes, at a minimum, the reason for such separation, together with the stated evidence for such separation. (d) Definitions In this section: (1) The term designated agency (A) the Department of Homeland Security; (B) the Department of Justice; and (C) the Department of Health and Human Services. (2) The term agent or officer (3) The term child (A) has not reached the age of 18; and (B) has no permanent immigration status. (4) The term committees of jurisdiction (A) the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives. (5) The term finding (6) The term in danger of abuse or neglect at the hands of the parent or legal guardian (7) Unless otherwise specified, the term Secretary

Summary: Reunifying Separated Families Act of 2018 This bill directs the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reunite each alien child (i.e., under age 18 and no permanent immigration status) who was separated from a parent or legal guardian on or after April 6, 2018, unless a state court or child welfare agency determines that it is in the best interests of the child to remain separated from a parent or legal guardian or there are DHS findings of trafficking or abuse. DHS is subject to a fine of $1,000 per child for each day such child is not reunited with a parent. The bill prohibits an agent or officer of DHS, the Department of Justice, or the Department of Health and Human Services from removing a child from a parent or legal guardian at or near a port of entry or within 100 miles of the border, unless a state court, child welfare agency, or the Chief Patrol Agent or the Area Port Director make findings relating to the best interests of the child or the threat of trafficking or abuse. No such agent or officer may separate a child from a parent or legal guardian solely for the policy goals of deterring individuals from migrating to the United States or for promoting compliance with civil immigration laws.