Volcanic Ash and Fumes Act of 2022

To amend the John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act to improve the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Volcanic Ash and Fumes Act of 2022 2. Modifications to National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System (a) Definitions Subsection (a) of section 5001 of the John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act ( 43 U.S.C. 31k (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: (2) Secretary of Commerce The term Secretary of Commerce ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (4) Volcanic Ash Advisory Center The term Volcanic Ash Advisory Center . (b) Purposes Subsection (b)(1)(B) of such section is amended— (1) in clause (i), by striking and (2) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (iii) to strengthen the warning and monitoring systems of volcano observatories in the United States by integrating relevant capacities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, including with the Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers located in Anchorage, Alaska, and Washington, DC, to observe and model emissions of gases, aerosols, and ash, atmospheric dynamics and chemistry, and ocean chemistry resulting from volcanic eruptions. . (c) System components Subsection (b)(2) of such section is amended— (1) in subparagraph (B)— (A) by striking and spectrometry (B) by inserting , and unoccupied aerial vehicles emissions (2) by adding at the end the following: (C) Memorandum of understanding The Secretary and the Secretary of Commerce shall develop and execute a memorandum of understanding to establish cooperative support for the activities of the System from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, including environmental observations, modeling, and temporary duty assignments of personnel to support emergency activities, as necessary or appropriate. . (d) Management Subsection (b)(3) of such section is amended— (1) in subparagraph (A), by adding at the end the following: (iii) Update (I) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration cost estimates The Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the Secretary annual cost estimates for modernization activities and support of the System for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (II) Update of management plan The Secretary shall update the management plan submitted under clause (i) to include the cost estimates submitted under subclause (I). ; and (2) by adding at the end the following: (E) Collaboration The Secretary of Commerce shall collaborate with the Secretary to implement activities carried out under this section related to the expertise of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, including observations and modeling of emissions of gases, aerosols, and ash, atmospheric dynamics and chemistry, and ocean chemistry resulting from volcanic eruptions. . (e) Funding Subsection (c) of such section is amended— (1) in paragraph (1)— (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting , United States Geological Survey appropriations (B) by inserting to the United States Geological Survey appropriated (2) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: (2) Authorization of appropriations, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration There is authorized to be appropriated to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2023. ; and (4) in paragraph (3), as redesignated by paragraph (2)— (A) by striking United States Geological Survey (B) by inserting of the United States Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration programs

Summary: Volcanic Ash and Fumes Act of 2022 This bill incorporates the capacities and expertise of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) into the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System. Specifically, the bill integrates into the purposes of the system relevant capacities of NOAA to strengthen the warning and monitoring systems of volcano observatories in the United States. This includes observations and modeling of the results from volcanic eruptions (e.g., emissions of gases, aerosols, and ash; atmospheric dynamics and chemistry; and ocean chemistry) that are carried out by NOAA's Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers located in Anchorage, Alaska, and the District of Columbia. The bill provides for a memorandum of understanding to establish cooperative support for the activities of the system from NOAA, including environmental observations, modeling, and temporary duty assignments of personnel to support emergency activities. The Department of Commerce must (1) submit to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) annual cost estimates for modernization activities and support of the system for NOAA; and (2) collaborate with the USGS to implement activities related to the expertise of NOAA, including observations and modeling of results from volcanic eruptions. Commerce must develop a plan to implement this bill during the five-year period beginning on the date on which the plan is developed. The plan shall include an estimate of the cost and schedule required for implementation. Upon the plan's completion, Commerce shall make it publicly available.