Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019

To amend the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 and the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act to provide for advancements in public safety services to Indian communities, and for other purposes. 1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings. TITLE I—Tribal law and order Sec. 101. Bureau of Indian Affairs law enforcement. Sec. 102. Authority to execute emergency orders. Sec. 103. Detention services. Sec. 104. Tribal law enforcement Officers. Sec. 105. Oversight, coordination, and accountability. Sec. 106. Integration and coordination of programs. Sec. 107. Data sharing with Indian tribes. Sec. 108. Judicial administration in Indian country. Sec. 109. Federal notice. Sec. 110. Detention facilities. Sec. 111. Reauthorization for tribal courts training. Sec. 112. Public defenders. Sec. 113. Offenses in Indian country: trespass on Indian land. Sec. 114. Resources for public safety in Indian communities; drug trafficking prevention. Sec. 115. Substance abuse prevention tribal action plans. Sec. 116. Office of Justice Services spending report. Sec. 117. Trafficking Victims Protection. Sec. 118. Reporting on Indian victims of trafficking. TITLE II—Improving justice for Indian youth Sec. 201. Federal jurisdiction over Indian juveniles. Sec. 202. Reauthorization of tribal youth programs. Sec. 203. Assistance for Indian tribes relating to juvenile crime. Sec. 204. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Sec. 205. Grants for delinquency prevention programs. 2. Findings Congress finds that— (1) the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 ( 25 U.S.C. 2801 Public Law 111–211 (2) in 2013, the Bureau of Indian Affairs reported increases in property crimes and violent crimes in Indian country; (3) according to the Department of Justice, in 2014, 34 percent of the total Indian country criminal matters submitted for prosecution were declined, a percentage that has not decreased significantly since the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 ( 25 U.S.C. 2801 Public Law 111–211 (4) drug and alcohol abuse is a key contributing factor to violence and crime in Indian communities; (5) substance abuse prevention and treatment, including detention-based treatment, are critical to reducing the rates of recidivism in Indian communities; (6) during the period beginning in 2010 and ending on the date of enactment of this Act, the number of law enforcement officers working on public safety in Indian country has slightly increased, but according to the Bureau of Indian Affairs, only approximately 43 percent of the total need for those officers is currently being met; (7) for a period of more than 40 years prior to the date of enactment of this Act, the Shadow Wolves, a special unit of tactical officers of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, have been deployed throughout the Tohono O'odham Nation reservation in Arizona and have been operating in an area— (A) of more than 5,000 square miles of vast, desert, tribal land in the Southwest, 75 square miles of which is an area located along the United States border with Mexico; (B) in which approximately 28,000 Indians reside; and (C) that has been targeted by criminal organizations for use as a major corridor to deliver contraband from Mexico to locations throughout the United States, including other Indian reservations; (8) many Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal detention facilities continue to operate in overcrowded conditions; (9) tribes continue to encounter barriers to accessing and entering information into national crime information databases for criminal and civil purposes and additional options are needed to ensure Indian tribes can fully participate in the 2-way sharing of criminal justice information so that all tribal justice and public safety agencies have access to the data needed to keep their communities safe; (10) American Indian and Alaska Native juveniles are overrepresented in Federal and State juvenile justice systems; (11) there is a lack of training (including trauma-informed training and practices), collaboration, communication, and cooperation among government agencies regarding juvenile justice for Indian youth; (12) tribal youth in the Federal justice system— (A) may spend more time in secure confinement than youth in State justice systems, sometimes by several years; and (B) may be placed in facilities located far away from the communities and families of the tribal youth; and (13) appropriate services for tribal youth in the Federal and tribal justice systems are unavailable. I Tribal law and order 101. Bureau of Indian Affairs law enforcement (a) Spending report Section 3(c) of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2802(c) (1) by striking paragraph (13); (2) by redesignating paragraphs (14) through (18) as paragraphs (13) through (17), respectively; and (3) in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (15) (as redesignated)— (A) by inserting (for which any tribal information may be summarized by State) a list (B) by striking and public safety and emergency communications and technology needs public safety and emergency communications and technology needs, and other administrative and supporting needs of program operations, including information technology and other equipment, travel, and training (b) Allowance for rentals of quarters and facilities Section 8 of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2807 (1) by striking the section heading and designation and all that follows through Notwithstanding the limitation 8. Allowances (a) Uniforms Notwithstanding the limitation ; and (2) by adding at the end the following: (b) Rentals for quarters and facilities Notwithstanding section 5911 of title 5, United States Code, the Secretary, on recommendation of the Director of the Office of Justice Services, shall establish applicable rental rates for quarters and facilities for employees of the Office of Justice Services. . (c) Background checks for tribal justice officials (1) In general The Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall develop standards and deadlines for the provision of background checks to tribal law enforcement and corrections officials. (2) Timing (A) Timing If a request for a background check is made by an Indian tribe that has contracted or entered into a compact for law enforcement or corrections services with the Bureau of Indian Affairs pursuant to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 5304 (B) Extension The Office of Justice Services may extend the 60-day period required under subparagraph (A) for completion of a background request for not more than an additional 30 days upon written notice to the Indian tribe that states the reason for the extension. (3) Establishment of program (A) In general The Secretary of the Interior (referred to in this paragraph as the Secretary (B) Background investigations and security clearance determinations (i) BIA investigations As part of the demonstration program established under this paragraph, the Secretary, through the Office of Justice Services, is authorized to carry out a background investigation, security clearance determination, or both a background investigation and a security clearance determination for an applicant for a law enforcement position in the Bureau of Indian Affairs. (ii) Use of previous investigations and determinations (I) In general Subject to subclause (II), as part of the demonstration program established under this paragraph, the Secretary, in adjudicating background investigations for applicants for law enforcement positions in the Bureau of Indian Affairs, shall consider previous background investigations for an applicant, security clearance determinations for an applicant, or both background investigations and security clearance determinations for an applicant, as the case may be, that have been conducted by a State, local, or Tribal Government, or by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, within the 5-year period preceding the application for employment with the Bureau of Indian Affairs. (II) Quality The Secretary shall only consider previous background investigations and security clearance determinations for an applicant that have been conducted by a State, local, or Tribal Government if the Secretary can verify that those previous investigations and determinations, as the case may be, are of a comparable quality and thoroughness to investigations and determinations carried out by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Office of Personnel Management, or another Federal agency. (III) Additional investigation If, as described in subclause (I), the Secretary considers an existing background investigation, security clearance determination, or both, as the case may be, for an applicant that has been carried out by a State, local, or Tribal Government, or by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Secretary— (aa) may carry out additional investigation and examination of the applicant if the Secretary determines that such additional information is needed in order to make an appropriate determination as to the character and trustworthiness of the applicant before final adjudication can be made and a security clearance can be issued; and (bb) shall not initiate a new background investigation process with the National Background Investigations Bureau or other Federal agency unless that new background investigation process covers a period of time that was not covered by a previous background investigation process. (IV) Agreements The Secretary may enter into a Memorandum of Agreement with a State, local, or Tribal Government to develop steps to expedite the process of receiving and obtaining access to background investigation and security clearance determinations for use in the demonstration program. (C) Sunset The demonstration program established under this paragraph shall terminate 5 years after the date of the commencement of the program. (D) Sufficiency Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a background investigation conducted or adjudicated by the Secretary pursuant to the demonstration program authorized under this paragraph that results in the granting of a security clearance to an applicant for a law enforcement position in the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall be sufficient to meet the applicable requirements of the Office of Personnel Management or other Federal agency for such investigations. (E) Annual report The Secretary shall submit an annual report to the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives on the demonstration program established under this paragraph, which shall include a description of— (i) the demonstration program and any relevant annual changes or updates to the program; (ii) the number of background investigations carried out under the program; (iii) the costs, including any cost savings, associated with the investigation and adjudication process under the program; (iv) the processing times for the investigation and adjudication processes under the program; (v) any Memoranda of Agreement entered into with State, local, or Tribal Governments; and (vi) any other information that the Secretary determines to be relevant. (F) GAO Study and Report (i) Initial report Not later than 18 months after the beginning of the demonstration program under this paragraph, the Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare and submit to Congress an initial report on such demonstration program. (ii) Final report Not later than 3 years after the beginning of the demonstration program under this paragraph, the Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare and submit to Congress a final report on such demonstration program. (iii) Tribal input In preparing the reports under this subparagraph, the Comptroller General shall prioritize input from Indian Tribes regarding the demonstration program under this paragraph. (d) Law enforcement and judicial training Section 4218(b) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2451(b) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (e) Public safety and community policing grants Section 1701(j) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 ( 34 U.S.C. 10381(j) (1) in paragraph (1), by striking any fiscal year each fiscal year (2) in paragraph (4), by striking 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 102. Authority to execute emergency orders Section 4 of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2803 (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking The Secretary (a) The Secretary ; and (2) by adding after subsection (a), the following: (b) (1) In addition to the activities described in subsection (a), the Secretary may authorize employees of the Bureau with law enforcement responsibilities to execute an emergency civil order of detention (referred to in this section as an EOD (A) requested to do so by a tribal court of competent civil jurisdiction pursuant to an EOD (when that court has determined the individual likely poses serious harm to himself or herself or others, and to the extent that the individual can be detained in a mental health treatment facility); or (B) in the absence of an EOD, an employee who is authorized by State or tribal law to take an individual into protective custody for emergency mental health purposes reasonably believes that an individual is mentally ill, alcohol-dependent, or drug-dependent to such a degree that immediate emergency action is necessary due to the likelihood of serious harm to that individual or others. (2) In carrying out this subsection, Bureau employees with law enforcement responsibilities— (A) shall take or cause such individual to be taken into custody and immediately transport that individual to the nearest mental health facility, either within or outside of Indian country, for an initial assessment or other appropriate treatment; and (B) will be given the full coverage and protection of chapter 171 (3) Before implementing this subsection, the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the United States Indian Police Academy shall— (A) establish appropriate standards regarding experience, mental health and disability education, and other relevant qualifications for Bureau employees who are law enforcement personnel implementing this subsection; and (B) provide training for such Bureau employees. (4) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Bureau shall enter into agreements with State and tribal mental health officials that outline the process for carrying out an EOD or taking an individual into protective custody in a case in which Bureau law enforcement provides the primary law enforcement to a tribe. (5) There is authorized to be appropriated $1,500,000 to the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to implement this subsection, which shall remain available until expended. . 103. Detention services (a) Incarcerated individuals In accordance with the Act of August 5, 1954 ( 42 U.S.C. 2001 Transfer Act (b) Memorandum of agreement The Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Service shall enter a memorandum of agreement to implement this section. Such agreement shall include provisions regarding appropriate training, treatment locations for detained or incarcerated individuals, and other matters relating to medical care and treatment under this section. 104. Tribal law enforcement Officers The Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2801 4A. Tribal law enforcement officers (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal law, law enforcement officers of any Indian tribe that has contracted or compacted any or all Federal law enforcement functions through the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 5301 (1) the tribal officers involved have— (A) completed training that is comparable to that of an employee of the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs who is providing the same services in Indian country, as determined by the Director of the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs or the Director's designee; (B) passed an adjudicated background investigation equivalent to that of an employee of the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs who is providing the same services in Indian country; and (C) received a certification from the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, as described in subsection (c); and (2) the tribe has adopted policies and procedures that meet or exceed those of the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs for the same program, service, function, or activity. (b) While acting under the authority granted by the Secretary through an Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 5301 (1) sections 111 and 1114 of title 18, United States Code; (2) consideration as an eligible officer under subchapter III of chapter 81 (3) chapter 171 (c) (1) Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall develop procedures for the credentialing of tribal officers under this section, independent of section 5, to provide confirmation that tribal officers meet minimum certification standards and training requirements for Indian country peace officers, as proscribed by the Secretary. (2) Tribal law enforcement officers who choose to attend a State or other equivalent training program approved by the Director of the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, or the Director's designee, rather than attend the Indian Police Academy, shall be required to attend the IPA Bridge Program, or an equivalent program, prior to receiving a certification under this subsection. . 105. Oversight, coordination, and accountability The Attorney General, acting through the Deputy Attorney General, shall coordinate and provide oversight for all Department of Justice activities, responsibilities, functions, and programs to ensure a coordinated approach for public safety in Indian communities, accountability, and compliance with Federal law, including— (1) the timely submission of reports to Congress; (2) robust training, as required under Federal law and as needed or requested by Indian tribes or Federal and State officials relating to— (A) public safety in Indian communities; and (B) training outcomes demonstrating a better understanding of public safety approaches in Indian communities; (3) the updating and improvements to United States attorney operational plans; (4) comprehensive evaluation and analysis of data, including approaches to collecting better data, relating to public safety in Indian communities; and (5) other duties or responsibilities as needed to improve public safety in Indian communities. 106. Integration and coordination of programs (a) In general (1) Consultation Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Attorney General shall consult with Indian tribes regarding— (A) the feasibility and effectiveness of the establishment of base funding for, and the integration and consolidation of, Federal law enforcement, public safety, and substance abuse and mental health programs designed to support Indian tribal communities, for the purposes of coordinating the programs, reducing administrative costs, and improving services for Indian tribes, individual Indians, and Indian communities; (B) the use of a single application and reporting system for the consolidated approach described in subparagraph (A); (C) the application of chapter 75 (D) the processes for, and approaches for addressing delays in, interagency transfer of funds for the consolidated approach described in subparagraph (A); (E) the method for Federal oversight for the consolidated approach described in subparagraph (A); and (F) any legal or administrative barriers to the implementation of the consolidated approach described in subparagraph (A). (2) Responsibilities As part of the consultation described in paragraph (1), each applicable unit of the Department of the Interior, the Department of Health and Human Services, and the Department of Justice shall identify— (A) each program under the jurisdiction of that unit that is designed to support Indian tribal communities; and (B) the regulations governing each program described in subparagraph (A). (3) Submission of plan Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Attorney General shall jointly submit to the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a plan that includes— (A) the findings of the consultation described in paragraph (1); (B) the programs identified in accordance with paragraph (2); (C) any legal or administrative barriers to the implementation of the consolidated approach described in paragraph (1)(A); and (D) a method, approach, and timeline for implementing the integration and consolidation described in paragraph (1)(A). (b) Program evaluation Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall conduct an evaluation of and submit to the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives, the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report on— (1) law enforcement grants and other resources made available to State, local, and tribal governments under current requirements encouraging intergovernmental cooperation; (2) benefits of, barriers to, and the need for intergovernmental cooperation between State, local, and tribal governments; and (3) recommendations, if any, for incentivizing intergovernmental cooperation, including any legislation or regulations needed to achieve those incentives. (c) Interagency coordination and cooperation (1) Memorandum of agreement (A) In general Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, acting through the Bureau of Prisons, the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Office of Justice Services, Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall enter into a Memorandum of Agreement to cooperate, confer, transfer funds (except that the funding for the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall not be reduced), share resources and, as permitted by law, information on matters relating to the detention of Indian inmates, the reduction of recidivism (including through substance abuse treatment and mental and health care services), and the lease or loan of facilities, technical assistance, training, and equipment. (B) Strategies and best practices Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and, as appropriate, the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall enter into a Memorandum of Agreement to develop, share, and implement effective strategies, best practices, and resources, and transfer funds (except that the funding for the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall not be reduced), to improve the re-entry of Indian inmates into Indian communities after incarceration. (2) Requirements Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall— (A) consult with and solicit comments from entities as described in section 4205(c) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2411(c) (B) submit to the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives, the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report regarding any legal or regulatory impediments to carrying out subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1). (3) Report Not later than 4 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit to the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives, the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report regarding the implementation of the Memoranda of Agreement under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1). 107. Data sharing with Indian tribes (a) Information sharing with Indian tribes Section 534(d) of title 28, United States Code, is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting appropriately; (2) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so redesignated), by striking The Attorney General (1) In general The Attorney General ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (2) Tribal access program Out of any funds available and not otherwise obligated, the Attorney General shall establish and carry out a tribal access program to enhance the ability of tribal governments to access, enter information into, and obtain information from, Federal criminal information databases as authorized under this section. (3) Information sharing To the extent otherwise permitted by law, any report issued as a result of the analysis of information entered into Federal criminal information databases or obtained from Federal criminal databases, including for the purpose of conducting background checks, shall be shared with Indian tribes of jurisdiction. . (b) Access to national criminal information databases Section 233(b) of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 ( 34 U.S.C. 41107 Public Law 111–211 (1) In general The Attorney General shall ensure that— (A) Tribal law enforcement officials that meet applicable Federal or State requirements be permitted access to national crime information databases; (B) technical assistance and training to Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal law enforcement officials is provided to gain access and input ability to use the National Criminal Information Center and other national crime information databases pursuant to section 534 of title 28, United States Code; and (C) the Federal Bureau of Investigation coordinates with the Office of Justice Services, Bureau of Indian Affairs, to ensure Indian tribal law enforcement agencies are assigned appropriate credentials or ORI numbers for uniform crime reporting purposes. . (c) Bureau of Justice statistics Section 302(d) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 ( 34 U.S.C. 10132(d) (1) by striking the subsection designation and all that follows through To ensure (d) Justice statistical collection, analysis, and dissemination (1) In general To ensure ; (2) in paragraph (1)— (A) in subparagraph (E), by striking and (B) in subparagraph (F), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (G) confer and cooperate with the Bureau of Indian Affairs as needed to carry out the purposes of this part, including by entering into cooperative resource and data sharing agreements in conformity with all laws and regulations applicable to the disclosure and use of data. ; and (3) in paragraph (2)— (A) by striking The Director (A) In general The Director ; and (B) by adding at the end the following: (B) Information sharing requirement Analysis of the information collected under subparagraph (A) shall be shared with the Indian tribe that provided the information that was collected. . (d) Reports to tribes Section 10(b) of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2809(b) (1) in paragraph (1)— (A) in subparagraph (B), by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as subclauses (I) and (II), respectively, and indenting appropriately; and (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and indenting appropriately; (2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting appropriately; (3) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so redesignated), by striking The Attorney General (1) In general The Attorney General ; and (4) by adding at the end the following: (2) Consultation Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 (A) the annual reports described in paragraph (1) to improve the data collected, the information reported, and the reporting system; and (B) improvements to the processes for the satisfaction of the requirements for coordination described in paragraphs (1) and (3) of subsection (a), or to the reporting requirements under paragraph (1). . (e) Enhanced ability of tribal governments To use Federal criminal information databases The Attorney General is authorized to use any balances remaining for the account under the heading Violence against women prevention and prosecution programs State and Local Law Enforcement Activities Office on Violence Against Women 34 U.S.C. 20903 Justice Information Sharing Technology General Administration 108. Judicial administration in Indian country (a) Bureau of prisons tribal prisoner program Section 234(c) of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 ( 25 U.S.C. 1302 Public Law 111–211 (1) in paragraph (5), by striking 3 years after the date of establishment of the pilot program 5 years after the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 (2) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); (3) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following: (6) Consultation Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 ; and (4) in paragraph (7) (as redesignated), by striking paragraph shall expire—on the date that is 4 years after the date on which the program is established subsection— (A) shall expire, with respect to any new requests for confinement, on the date that is 9 years after the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 (B) may be temporarily extended for offenders who have been confined through the program under this subsection before the expiration date described in subparagraph (B) and whose underlying tribal conviction has not yet expired, except in no case shall such extension exceed the maximum period of time authorized under tribal law, pursuant to section 202 of Public Law 90–284 25 U.S.C. 1302 Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 . (b) Consultation for juvenile justice reform Section 3 of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2802 (g) Consultation for juvenile justice reform Not later than 1 year after date of enactment of this subsection, the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, the Director of the Indian Health Service, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Administrator of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration shall consult with Indian tribes regarding Indian juvenile justice and incarceration, including— (1) the potential for using Bureau of Indian Affairs or tribal juvenile facilities for the incarceration of Indian youth in the Federal system as alternative locations closer to the communities of the Indian youth; (2) improving community-based options for the services needed and available for Indian youth in Federal incarceration; (3) barriers to the use of— (A) alternatives to incarceration; or (B) cross-agency services for Indian youth in incarceration; and (4) the application of the Federal sentencing guidelines to Indian youth. . 109. Federal notice Section 10 of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2809 (d) Federal notice On conviction in any district court of the United States of an enrolled member of a federally recognized Indian tribe, the Office of the United States Attorney for the district in which the member was convicted may provide to the appropriate tribal justice official notice of the conviction and any other pertinent information otherwise permitted by law. . 110. Detention facilities (a) Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act Section 3 of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2802 (h) Alternatives to detention In carrying out the responsibilities of the Secretary under this Act or title II of Public Law 90–284 Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 25 U.S.C. 1301 25 U.S.C. 5304 . (b) Indian Tribal Justice Act Section 103 of the Indian Tribal Justice Act ( 25 U.S.C. 3613 (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following: (c) Alternatives to detention In carrying out the responsibilities of the Secretary under this Act or title II of Public Law 90–284 Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 25 U.S.C. 1301 25 U.S.C. 5304 . (c) Juvenile detention centers Section 4220(b) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2453(b) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (d) Payments for incarceration on tribal land Section 20109(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 ( 34 U.S.C. 12109 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 111. Reauthorization for tribal courts training (a) Tribal justice systems Section 201 of the Indian Tribal Justice Act ( 25 U.S.C. 3621 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (b) Technical and legal assistance (1) Authorization of appropriations Section 107 of the Indian Tribal Justice Technical and Legal Assistance Act of 2000 ( 25 U.S.C. 3666 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (2) Grants Section 201(d) of the Indian Tribal Justice Technical and Legal Assistance Act of 2000 ( 25 U.S.C. 3681(d) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 112. Public defenders The Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act is amended by inserting after section 13 ( 25 U.S.C. 2810 13A. Public defense in Indian country (a) In general Not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall collaborate and consult with Indian tribes, including relevant tribal court personnel, regarding— (1) developing working relationships and maintaining communication with tribal leaders and tribal community, including the interchange and understanding of cultural issues that may impact the effective assistance of counsel; and (2) providing technical assistance and training regarding criminal defense techniques and strategies, forensics, and reentry programs and strategies for responding to crimes occurring in Indian country. (b) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts and the Attorney General should work together to ensure that each district that includes Indian country has sufficient resources to provide adequate criminal defense representation for defendants in Indian country. . 113. Offenses in Indian country: trespass on Indian land (a) In general Section 1165 of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) in the section heading, by striking Hunting, trapping, or fishing on Indian land Criminal trespass (2) by inserting (referred to in this section as tribal land for Indian use (3) by striking Whoever (a) Hunting, trapping, or fishing on Indian land Whoever ; and (4) by adding at the end the following: (b) Violation of tribal exclusion order (1) Definition of exclusion order In this subsection, the term exclusion order (A) criminal street gang activity (as defined under section 521 of this title); or (B) the sale and distribution of controlled substances (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act ( 21 U.S.C. 802 (2) Violation described It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly violate the terms of an exclusion order that was issued by a court of an Indian tribe in accordance with paragraph (4). (3) Penalty Any person who violates paragraph (2) shall be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both. (4) Requirements The violation described in paragraph (2) applies only to an exclusion order— (A) for which— (i) the act occurs in the Indian country of the Indian tribe; (ii) the court issuing the exclusion order has jurisdiction over the parties and matter under the law of the Indian tribe; and (iii) the underlying complaint included— (I) a plain statement of facts that, if true, would provide the basis for the issuance of an exclusion order against the respondent; (II) the date, time, and place for a hearing on the complaint; and (III) a statement informing the respondent that if the respondent fails to appear at the hearing on the complaint, an order may issue, the violation of which may result in— (aa) criminal prosecution under Federal law; and (bb) the imposition of a fine or imprisonment, or both; (B) for which a hearing on the underlying complaint sufficient to protect the right of the respondent to due process was held on the record, at which the respondent was provided reasonable notice and an opportunity to be heard and present testimony of witnesses and other evidence as to why the order should not issue; (C) that— (i) temporarily or permanently excludes the respondent from the Indian country of the Indian tribe; and (ii) includes a statement that a violation of the order may result in— (I) criminal prosecution under Federal law; and (II) the imposition of a fine or imprisonment, or both; and (D) with which the respondent was served or of which the respondent had actual notice. (5) Tribal court jurisdiction For purposes of this section, a court of an Indian tribe shall have full civil jurisdiction to issue and enforce exclusion orders involving any person, including the authority to enforce any orders through civil contempt proceedings, to exclude violators from the Indian country of the Indian tribe, or otherwise within the authority of the Indian tribe. . (b) Technical and conforming amendment The table of sections for chapter 53 1165. Criminal trespass. . 114. Resources for public safety in Indian communities; drug trafficking prevention (a) Shadow wolves (1) In general There is established within the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement of the Department of Homeland Security a division to be known as the Shadow Wolves Division (2) Duties The Shadow Wolves Division shall— (A) carry out such duties as are assigned by the Director of the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and (B) in carrying out those duties, coordinate with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and other applicable Federal agencies and State and tribal governments. (b) Reauthorization of funding To combat illegal narcotics trafficking Section 4216 of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2442 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (c) Maintenance of Certain Indian Reservation Roads The Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection may transfer funds to the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to maintain or repair roads under the jurisdiction of the Director, on the condition that the Commissioner and the Director mutually agree that the primary user of the subject road is U.S. Customs and Border Protection. 115. Substance abuse prevention tribal action plans (a) Inter-Departmental memorandum of agreement Section 4205(a) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2411(a) (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Attorney General, (2) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Services Administration, (3) in paragraph (5), by inserting the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Services Administration, (4) in paragraph (7) by inserting the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Attorney General, (b) Reauthorization of tribal action plans funds Section 4206(d)(2) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2412(d)(2) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (c) Grants for training, education, and prevention programs Section 4206(f)(3) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2412(f)(3) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 116. Office of Justice Services spending report Section 3(c)(16)(C) of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2802(c)(16)(C) health care, behavioral health, and tele-health needs at tribal jails, court facilities, 117. Trafficking Victims Protection Section 107(f)(3) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 ( 22 U.S.C. 7105(f)(3) (C) Report For each grant awarded under this subsection, the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, shall submit to Congress a report that lists— (i) the total number of entities that received a grant under this subsection that directly serve or are Indian tribal governments or tribal organizations; and (ii) the total number of health care providers and other related providers that participated in training supported by the pilot program who are employees of the Indian Health Service. . 118. Reporting on Indian victims of trafficking (a) In general The Director of the Office on Violence Against Women, the Director of the Office for Victims of Crime, and the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention shall each require each grantee to report— (1) the number of human trafficking victims, as appropriate, served with grant funding; and (2) as appropriate and in the aggregate, whether the victims were members of an Indian tribe. (b) Exceptions; respecting victim privacy (1) Rule of construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to require an individual victim seeking services from a grantee described in subsection (a) to report the individual's Native American status or any other personally identifiable information the individual wishes to remain confidential. (2) Prohibition on denial of service A grantee described in subsection (a) may not deny services to a victim on the basis that the victim declines to provide information on the victim's Native American status or any other personally identifiable information the victim wishes to remain confidential. (c) Report Not later than January 1 of each year, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the data collected in accordance with subsection (a). II Improving justice for Indian youth 201. Federal jurisdiction over Indian juveniles Section 5032 of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) in the first undesignated paragraph— (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting or Indian tribe court of a State (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting or Indian tribe the State (2) in the second undesignated paragraph— (A) in the first sentence, by inserting or Indian tribe such State (B) by adding at the end the following: In this section, the term Indian tribe 25 U.S.C. 5130 (3) in the third undesignated paragraph, in the first sentence, by inserting or Indian tribe State (4) in the fourth undesignated paragraph, in the first sentence— (A) by inserting or Indian tribal State (B) by inserting , or of a representative of an Indian tribe of which the juvenile is a member, counsel 202. Reauthorization of tribal youth programs (a) Summer youth programs Section 4212(a)(3) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2432(a)(3) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 (b) Emergency shelters Section 4213(e) of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986 ( 25 U.S.C. 2433(e) 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024 203. Assistance for Indian tribes relating to juvenile crime The Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act ( 25 U.S.C. 2801 18. Assistance for Indian tribes relating to juvenile crime (a) Activities Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall coordinate with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Attorney General, and the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention within the Department of Justice (referred to in this section as the Administrator (1) to assist Indian tribal governments in addressing juvenile offenses and crime through technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of information on effective, evidence-based, and promising programs and practices for combating juvenile delinquency; (2) to conduct consultation, not less frequently than biannually, with Indian tribes regarding— (A) strengthening the government-to-government relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes relating to juvenile justice issues; (B) improving juvenile delinquency programs, services, and activities affecting Indian youth and Indian tribes; (C) improving coordination among Federal departments and agencies to reduce juvenile offenses, delinquency, and recidivism; (D) the means by which traditional or cultural tribal programs may serve or be developed as promising or evidence-based programs; (E) a process and means of submitting to the Attorney General and the Secretary an analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs and activities carried out for juvenile justice systems in which Indian youth are involved, including a survey of tribal needs; and (F) any other matters relating to improving juvenile justice for Indian youth; (3) to develop a means for collecting data on the number of offenses committed by Indian youth in Federal, State, and tribal jurisdictions, including information regarding— (A) the offenses (including status offenses), charges, disposition, and case outcomes for each Indian youth; (B) whether the Indian youth was held in pre-adjudication detention; (C) whether the Indian youth was removed from home, and for which offenses; (D) whether the Indian youth was at any point placed in secure confinement; and (E) an assessment of the degree to which the notice of removal for status offenses was provided under section 102(a) of the Act of November 8, 1978 ( Public Law 95–608 (4) to develop a process for informing Indian tribal governments when a juvenile member of that Indian tribe comes in contact with the juvenile justice system of the Federal, State, or other unit of local government and for facilitating intervention by, the provision of services by, or coordination with, such Indian tribe for any Indian juvenile member of that Indian tribe or other local Indian tribes; (5) to facilitate the incorporation of tribal cultural or traditional practices designed to reduce delinquency among Indian youth into Federal, State, or other unit of local government juvenile justice systems or programs; (6) to develop or incorporate in existing programs partnerships among State educational agencies, local educational agencies, and Bureau-funded schools (as defined in section 1141 of the Education Amendments of 1978 ( 25 U.S.C. 2021 (7) to conduct research and evaluate— (A) the number of Indian juveniles who, prior to placement in the juvenile justice system, were under the care or custody of a State or tribal child welfare system and the number of Indian juveniles who are unable to return to their family after completing their disposition in the juvenile justice system and who remain wards of the State or Indian tribe; (B) the extent to which State and tribal juvenile justice systems and child welfare systems are coordinating systems and treatment for the juveniles referred to in subparagraph (A); (C) the types of post-placement services used; (D) the frequency of case plan reviews for juveniles referred to in subparagraph (A) and the extent to which these case plans identify and address permanency and placement barriers and treatment plans; (E) services, treatment, and aftercare placement of Indian juveniles who were under the care of the State or tribal child protection system before their placement in the juvenile justice system; (F) the frequency, seriousness, and incidence of drug use by Indian youth in schools and tribal communities; (G) in consultation and coordination with Indian tribes— (i) the structure and needs of tribal juvenile justice systems; (ii) the characteristics and outcomes for youth in tribal juvenile systems; and (iii) recommendations for improving tribal juvenile justice systems; and (H) educational program offerings for incarcerated Indian juveniles, the educational attainment of incarcerated Indian juveniles, and potential links to recidivism among previously incarcerated Indian juveniles and delayed educational opportunities while incarcerated. (b) Consultation policy Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Attorney General and the Administrator shall issue a tribal consultation policy for the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to govern the consultation by the Office to be conducted under subsection (a). (c) Action Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 (d) Report Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of the Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 . 204. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Section 206 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 ( 34 U.S.C. 11116 (1) in subsection (a)— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by inserting the Director of the Indian Health Service, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, (ii) by striking Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization Assistant Secretary for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Secretary of the Interior, the Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking United States Federal Government (2) in subsection (c)(1)— (A) in the first sentence, by inserting , tribal, State (B) in the second sentence, by inserting tribal, and local 205. Grants for delinquency prevention programs Section 504 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 ( 34 U.S.C. 11313 (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking tribe tribes (2) in subsection (d)(4), by striking 2011 through 2015 2020 through 2024

Summary: Tribal Law and Order Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2019 This bill revises public safety programs and services for Native American communities and modifies provisions related to Native American youth and juvenile justice. Among other elements, the bill requires the Department of the Interior to establish a five-year demonstration program for the purpose of conducting or adjudicating personnel background investigations for applicants for law enforcement positions in the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA); the BIA and the Indian Health Service (IHS) to enter a memorandum of agreement to make the IHS responsible for medical care and treatment of Native Americans detained or incarcerated in a BIA or tribal detention or correctional center, regardless of the individual's normal domicile; the Department of Justice to coordinate and provide oversight for its functions and programs to ensure a coordinated approach for public safety in Native American communities; the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts to collaborate and consult with tribes to develop working relationships and to provide technical assistance and training for criminal defense techniques and strategies; Native American juveniles to be under the jurisdiction of the federal court system in delinquency proceedings in certain circumstances; and Interior to coordinate with specified agencies to assist tribal governments in addressing juvenile offenses and crime. The bill also reauthorizes various public safety programs and grants through FY2024, including those related to BIA law enforcement and judicial training programs, juvenile detention centers, tribal justice systems, control of illegal narcotics, and alcohol and substance abuse.