Some suggest edits for grammar Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos September 11 1917 September 28 1989 was 10th President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986 He was a lawyer member of the Philippine House of Representatives 1949 1959 and a member of the Philippine Senate 1959 1965 He was Senate President in 1963 He claimed to have led a guerrilla force called Ang Maharlika in northern Luzon during the Second World War something much doubted however to be true 1 2 As Philippine president and strongman his greatest achievement was in the fields of infrastructure development and international diplomacy However his administration was marred by massive authoritarian corruption despotism nepotism political repression and human rights violations He benefited from a large personality cult in the Philippines during his regime 3 In 1983 his government was implicated in the assassination of his primary political opponent Benigno Aquino Jr The implication caused a chain of events including a tainted presidential election that served as the catalyst for the People Power Revolution in February 1986 that led to his removal from power and eventual exile in Hawaii It was later alleged that he and his wife Imelda Marcos had moved billions of dollars of embezzled public funds to the United States Switzerland and other countries as well as into alleged corporations during his 20 years in power Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos was born September 11 1917 in Sarrat Ilocos Norte outside Laoag City to parents Mariano Marcos and Josefa Edralin He was named after Ferdinand VII of Spain and baptized into the Philippine Independent Church According to the Marcos family s oral history the family name was originally Taguktok and their Ilokano roots have some Japanese and Chinese ancestry Ferdinand was a champion debater at the University of the Philippines where he also participated in boxing swimming and wrestling In December 1938 Mariano Marcos his brother Pio his son Ferdinand and his brother in law Quirino Lizardo were prosecuted for the murder of Julio Nalundasan On September 20 1935 the day after Nalundasan for the second time defeated Mariano Marcos for the National Assembly seat for Ilocos Norte Nalundasan was shot and killed in his house in Batac According to two witnesses the four had conspired to assassinate Nalundasan with Ferdinand Marcos eventually doing the killing In late January 1939 they were denied bail 4 and in the fall when of 1939 they were convicted Ferdinand and Lizardo received the death penalty for premeditated murder while Mariano and Pio were found guilty only of contempt of court The Marcos family took their appeal to the Supreme Court of the Philippines which on October 22 1940 overturned the lower court s decision and acquitted them of all charges but contempt 5 In 1939 while incarcerated Ferdinand Marcos graduated cum laude with a law degree from the U P College of Law If he had not been put in jail for twenty seven days he would have graduated magna cum laude He was elected to the Pi Gamma Mu international honor society While in detention Governor Roque B Ablan Sr of Ilocos Norte helped Marcos study for the bar exams by providing a desk lamp in his cell law books and reviewers Marcos passed the bar examination with an almost perfect score of 98 01 while also writing an 830 page defense Several people contested his score and a retake was taken albeit an oral bar examination witnessed by several people His second bar examination resulted in a 100 score the highest grade obtained in the Philippine Bar 6 Marcos became senator after serving as member of the House of Representatives for three terms In the Senate he served as minority floor leader before gaining the Senate presidency He established a record for having introduced a number of significant bills many of which found their way into the republic s statute books 7 edit Personal life He was married to Imelda Romualdez Marcos with four children Maria Imelda Imee Marcos Ferdinand Bongbong Marcos Jr Irene Marcos and Aimee Marcos who was adopted edit Presidency edit Administration and Cabinet The cabinet appointments of President Marcos can be divided into three periods his first two constitutional terms 1965 1973 the New Society appointments from 1973 1978 and the change from departments to ministries from 1978 to the end of his government Office TABName TABTerm President TABFerdinand Marcos TAB1965 1973 Vice President TABFernando Lopez Arturo Tolentino TAB1965 1973 Feb 16 25 1986 Prime Minister TABCesar Virata TAB1981 1986 Secretary of Foreign Affairs TABCarlos P Romulo TAB Secretary of Finance TABEduardo Romualdez TAB Secretary of Justice TABJ