Spain Portugal Hi Not sure if you have your centuries mixed up here note that 1400s 15th century 1500s 16th century 1600s 17th century The Spanish conquistadors arrived in Mexico in the 1520s 16th C and Peru in the 1530s By the end of the the 1400s 15th C Portugal had not even set foot in Brazil and had only just reached India yet to discover SE Asia and Japan The Dutch did not arrive on the scene until the early 1600s 17th C t