Semi protected edit request on 23 March 2015 A sometimes hyphenated as super centenarian is someone who has lived to or passed his her 110th birthday This age is achieved by about one in 1 000 centenarians Anderson et al concluded that supercentenarians live a life typically free of major age related diseases until shortly before maximum human lifespan is reached between 110 and 115 years Incidence There are estimated to be 300 490 living supercentenariansValidated living supercentenarians in the world though only 53 verified cases are known A study conducted in 2010 showed that the countries with the most known supercentenarians living and dead in order of total were the United States Japan the United Kingdom France and Italy The 2010 study of countries with most supercentenarians The first verified supercentenarians in human history died in the late 19th century Until the 1980s the oldest age attained by supercentenarians was 115 but this has now been surpassed Etymology The term supercentenarian has been in existence since at least the 19th Century The term ultracentenarian was also used to describe someone well over 100 Norris McWhirter editor of Guinness World Records used the word in correspondence with age claims researcher A Ross Eckler Jr in 1976 and was further popularised in 1991 by William Strauss and Neil Howe in their book entitled Generations Early references tend to mean simply someone well over 100 but the 110 and over cutoff is the accepted criterion of demographers Morbidity Research on the morbidity of supercentenarians has found that they remain free of major age related diseases e g stroke cardiovascular disease dementia cancer Parkinson s disease and diabetes until the very end of life when they die of exhaustion of organ reserve which is the ability to return organ function to homeostasis About 10 of supercentenarians survive until the last 3 months of life without major age related diseases as compared to only 4 of semisupercentenarians age range 105 109 years and 3 of centenarians History While claims of extreme age have persisted from the earliest times in history the earliest supercentenarian accepted by Guinness World Records