I ve made most of these changes For 1 it might be visually clearer as R but R has partial positive charge compared to a vinyl group and reactants are usually written with the more positive part on the left In the products the way it s drawn there makes it clear that R was an electrophile and R was a nucleophile that underwent substitution at the vinyl group For 2 neither of those degrees really are in something The major biographical detail is the doctoral advisor I added Saul Winstein to the infobox For 3 and 4 I made those additions