For context, note that the total land area of the Earth is 148.94 million km2. British Empire - 33 million km2 (1922) Mongol Empire - 29 million km2 (1270 or 1309) Russian Empire - 23.7 million km2 (1866) Spanish Empire - 20.0 million km2 (ca. 1740-1790) Qing Empire, China - 14.7 million km2 (1790) Yuan Dynasty - 14.0 million km2 (1310) Second French Colonial Empire - 13.5 million km2 (1938) Umayyad Caliphate - 13.0 million km2 (720 or 750) Abbasid Caliphate - 11.1 million km2 (750) Portuguese Empire - 10.4 million km2 (1815) United States of America - 9.8 million km2 (1899) Empire of Brazil - 8.5 million km2 (1880) Achaemenid Empire, Persia - 8.0 million km2 (480 BC) Japanese Empire - 7.4 million km2 (1942) Rashidun Caliphate - 6.7 million km2 (661) Roman Empire - 6.5 million km2 (117) Han Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (100) Ming Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (1450) Göktürk Khaganate - 6.0 million km2 (557) Golden Horde Khanate - 6.0 million km2 (1310) Uyghur Khaganate - 5.5 million km2 (800) Tang Empire, China - 5.4 million km2 (715) Macedonian Empire - 5.2 million km2 (323 BC) Ottoman Empire - 5.2 million km2 (1683, 1829 or 1850) Fatimid Caliphate - 5.1 million km2 (969) Maurya Empire, India - 5.0 million km2 (250 BC) Northern Yuan Dynasty (Oirats), Mongolia - 5.0 million km2 (1550) Xin Dynasty, China - 4.7 million km2 (10) Tufan (Tibet) Empire - 4.6 million km2 (800) Pala Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (850) Timurid Empire - 4.6 million km2 (1405) Mughal Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (1690) First Mexican Empire - 4.4 million km2 (1822)[citation needed]