Ubeberu kikawaida hutaja masuala ya kisiasa eneo la kijiografia linamilikiwa na milki au dola kama vile Dola la Osmani, Dola la Ufaransa Dola la Urusi, Dola la Uchina, au Dola la Uingereza, na kadhalika. lakini pia neno linaweza kutumika kwa utawala wa kimaarifa, itikadi, maadili na utaalamu, kama himaya ya Ukristo. (tazama Ukristo) au Uislamu (tazama Khalifa). "Ubeberu umekuwa chini ya kimaadili na kusutwa na wakosoaji wake, na kwa hivyo istilahi hii mara nyingi hutumika kama propaganda za kimataifa kwa ajili ya uenezi wa sera za kigeni kimabavu. Ukoloni Dola Dola la Uingereza Dola la Roma Dola la Amerika S. Gertrude Millin, Rhodes, London, 1933, p.138 http://i-cias.com/e.o/imperialism.htm[dead link] Ottoman Empire, French Empire, Encyclopedia of the Orient http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/empire/ The Empire that was Russia, Library of Congress http://www.britishempire.co.uk/ The British Empire http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=3350 Archived 27 Agosti 2009 at the Wayback Machine. John B Cobb, Christianity and Empire, Guy Ankerl, Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharatai, Chinese, and Western, Geneva, INU PRESS, 2000, ISBN 2-88155-004-5.