Nebukadreza II (642 KK hivi – 7 Oktoba 562 KK) alikuwa mfalme bora wa Babeli katika karne ya 6 KK. Alitawala sehemu kubwa ya Mashariki ya kati kuanzia Agosti 605 KK mpaka tarehe 7 Oktoba 562 KK. Ni maarufu hasa kwa sababu aliwahi kuuvunja mji wa Yerusalemu mwaka 587 KK na kuwapeleka sehemu kubwa ya Wayahudi katika uhamisho wa Babeli. Ndiye aliyejenga bustani za kupendeza katika enzi hizo zinazojulikana kama bustani za kuning'inia za Babeli, ambazo ni moja ya maajabu saba ya dunia. Abraham, Kathleen (2012). "A Unique Bilingual and Biliteral Artifact from the Time of Nebuchadnezzar II in the Moussaieff Private Collection", New Inscriptions and Seals Relating to the Biblical World. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 978-1589835566.  Ayali-Darshan, Noga (2012). "A Redundancy in Nebuchadnezzar 15 and Its Literary Historical Significance". JANES 32: 21–29. https://www.academia.edu/44458674. Baker, Heather D. (2012). "The Neo-Babylonian Empire", A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 914–930. doi:10.1002/9781444360790.ch49. ISBN 9781405189880.  Beaulieu, Paul-Alain (1989).