Wahamaji ni watu wasio na makao ya kudumu ama kwa sababu ya kuwa wawindaji-wakusanyaji, ama kwa kuwatimizia mahitaji mifugo yao katika mazingira magumu, ama kwa sababu wanazunguka daima kuuza bidhaa zao. Mwaka 1995 walikadiriwa kuwa milioni 30-40 duniani kote. Oberfalzerova, Alena (2006): Metaphors and Nomads, Triton, Prague. ISBN 80-7254-849-2 Sadr, Karim (1991). The Development of Nomadism in Ancient Northeast Africa, University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3066-3 Cowan, Gregory (2002). "Nomadology in Architecture: Ephemerality, Movement and Collaboration" University of Adelaide (available: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37830 [1]) Chatty, Dawn (1983–2009). Articles on Nomadic life Chatwin, Bruce (1987). The Songlines Deleuze and Guattari (1980). A Thousand Plateaus Melvyn Goldstein: The Impact of China's Reform Policy on the Nomads of Western Tibet The Remote World of Tibet's Nomads Grousset, René (1939). L'Empire des Steppes Michael Haerdter. Remarks on modernity, mobility, nomadism and the arts Kradin, Nikolay (2004). "Nomadic Empires in Evolutionary Perspective". In Alternatives of Social Evolution.