Wafiadini wa kwanza wa Kanisa la Roma ni jina la kumbukumbu ya Wakristo wa kwanza kuuawa mjini Roma kutokana na dhuluma iliyoanzishwa na Kaisari Nero mwaka 64 BK. Adhimisho linafanyika katika Kanisa la Roma na katika makanisa yote yanayofuata mapokeo yake tarehe 30 Juni, , yaani siku moja baada ya sherehe ya Mitume Petro na Paulo, ambao ndio maarufu zaidi kati ya wafiadini hao. Tacitus, Annals XV, 44: "Covered with the skins of beasts, they were torn by dogs and perished, or were nailed to crosses, or were doomed to the flames and burnt, to serve as a nightly illumination, when daylight had expired. Nero offered his gardens for the spectacle, and was exhibiting a show in the circus, while he mingled with the people in the dress of a charioteer or stood aloft on a car. Hence, even for criminals who deserved extreme and exemplary punishment, there arose a feeling of compassion; for it was not, as it seemed, for the public good, but to glut one man's cruelty, that they were being destroyed". Martyrologium Romanum