Peji rino rinoda kuwerengwa, kuwedzerwa ne kugadziriswa. Wagadhou (Chiarabhu: غانا), inowanzozivikanwa seHumambo hwe Ghana, yaive humambo hweMadokero eAfurika hwakavakirwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweMoritaniya nekumadokero kweMaari iyo yaivepo kubva c. 300 kusvika c. 1100. Humambo hwe Ghana, dzimwe nguva hunozivikanwawo seAwkar, hwakatangwa nevanhu veSoninke uye hwaive muguta guru reKoumbi Saleh. Izwi rekuti Ghana rinoreva murwi kana ishe wehondo uye raive zita rakapihwa vatongi vehumambo hwepakutanga zita reSoninke raive Ouagadhou. Kaya Maghan (ishe wegoridhe) rakanga riri rimwe zita remadzimambo aya. Maitiro eVaghana akaita kakufanana ne avo vekweMutapa waitumidza mutongi kuti "mwene mutapa" zvichireva (mumazwi anhasi) kuti ishe we mugodhi kana mwene we mugodhi. Willie F. Page; R. Hunt Davis, Jr., eds. (2005), "Ghana Empire", Encyclopedia of African History and Culture, 2 (revised ed.), Facts on File, pp. 85–87