Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 - Ọktoba 24, 2005) bụ onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị America na ngagharị ikike obodo kacha mara amara maka ọrụ dị mkpa ya na boycott bọs Montgomery . Ndị otu United States Congress kwanyere ya ugwu dị ka "Nwanyị mbụ nke ikike obodo" na "Nne nke nnwere onwe". Na Disemba 1, 1955, na Montgomery, Alabama, Parks jụrụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala James F. Blake ka ọ pụọ n'ahịrị oche anọ na ngalaba " acha agba " maka onye njem na-acha ọcha, ozugbo mpaghara "ọcha" jupụtara. . Parks abụghị onye mbụ guzogidere nkewa ụgbọ ala, mana National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) kwenyere na ọ bụ onye kachasị mma maka ịhụ site na ịma aka ụlọ ikpe mgbe ejidere ya maka nnupụisi obodo na imebi iwu nke Alabama, na o nyere aka kpalie ndị isi ojii ịhapụ ụgbọ ala Montgomery ihe karịrị otu afọ. Okwu a gbadara n'ụlọ ikpe steeti, mana ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala Montgomery gọọmentị etiti Browder v.