Kogin Limpopo yana hawa a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma yana kwarara gaba ɗaya ta hanyar Mozambique zuwa Tekun Indiya. Kalmar Limpopo ta samo asali ne daga Rivombo (Livombo/Lebombo), wasu gungun mazaunan Tsonga da Hosi Rivombo suka jagoranta wadanda suka zauna a yankin tsaunukan kuma suka sanyawa yankin sunan shugabansu. Kogin yana da kimanin kilomita 1,750 (1,087 mi), tare da magudanan ruwa mai murabba'in kilomita 415,000 (160,200 sq mi) a cikin girman. Matsakaicin fitowar da aka auna tsawon shekara shine 170 m3 / s (6,200 cu ft/s) a bakin ta. Limpopo ita ce kogi mafi girma na biyu a Afirka wanda ya kwarara zuwa Tekun Indiya, bayan Kogin Zambezi. Bature na farko da ya ga kogin shi ne Vasco da Gama, wanda ya toshe bakinsa a shekara ta 1498 kuma ya ba shi suna Espirito Santo River. St Vincent Whitshed Erskine ne ya binciko ƙarancin tafarkinsa a 1868-69, kuma Kyaftin J F Elton ya yi tafiyarsa ta tsakiya a 1870. Yankin magudanan ruwa na Kogin Limpopo ya ragu akan lokacin ilimin ƙasa. Har zuwa Late Pliocene ko Pleistocene, babban kogin Zambezi ya malale zuwa Kogin Limpopo.