Turkanci yare ne na dangin harsunan Turkic, wanda mutane miliyan goma zuwa goma sha biyar ke da shi a matsayin harshen uwa, mafi yawancin su a Kudu maso gabashin Turai, da wasu miliyan sittin zuwa sittin da biyar a yammacin Asiya (mafiya yawa a Anatoliya). Ana samun Turkawa a wasu kasashen na wajen Turkiya kamar Jamani, Bulgariya, Arewacin Macedoniya, Kudancin Cyprus, Girka, Caucus da sauran sassan Turai da Tsskiyar Asiya. Kasar Cyprus ta taba rokar kungiyar taraiyar Turai ta saka harshen Turkaci cikin jerin harsunan gudanarwar ta. Turkanci yankin Turtic ne da ahalin harsunan Altaic.Turkanci na da yanayin furuci kamar na harshen Finnish da Hungarian. Ana amfani da haruffan larabci wajen yin rubutun harshen Turkanci tun a wajajen shekarar 900 miladiyya zuwa shekara ta 1928. Daga baya kuma sai Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ya canja shi zuwa yin amfani da haruffan Boko. Sakamakon saukin koyo na haruffan Boko da kuma wahalar koyo na haruffan Larabci sai gwamnatin kasar turkiya ta maida yin amfani da haruffan boko a hukumance. Haruffan Turkanci sun samo asali ne daga haruffan boko ana amfani dasu wajen rubuta harshen Turkanci, sun kunshi haruffa 28 wanda bakwai daga cikinsu sun bambanta ta wajen rubuta su sakamakon yanayin furucin su.