Laifukan muhalli yana mai da hankali kan tsarin aikata laifuka a cikin takamaiman mahalli da aka gina kuma tana nazarin tasirin waɗannan masu canjin waje akan halaye na mutane. Ya zama wani ɓangare na Makarantar Positivist ta laifuka ta yadda ake amfani da hanyar kimiyya don bincika al'ummar da ke haifar da laifi. Laifukan muhalli sune nazarin laifuka, aikata laifuka, da cin zarafi kamar yadda suke da alaƙa, na farko, zuwa wurare na musamman, na biyu kuma, kan yadda daidaikun mutane da ƙungiyoyi suke tsara ayyukansu ta sararin samaniya, kuma a yin haka yakan rinjayi tushen wuri ko tushensu. abubuwan sarari. A cikin shekara ta 1971, C. Ray Jeffery ya buga "Rigakafin Laifukan Ta hanyar Tsarin Muhalli", wanda a ciki ya yi nazari kan rawar da mahalli ke takawa wajen aikata laifuka tare da ba da shawarar dabaru iri-iri na rage laifuka ta hanyar gyaggyara muhallin gaggawa. Ya kuma kirkiro kalmar "criminology na muhalli". A cikin shekaru goma sha biyar na buga littafin Jeffery, yawancin hanyoyin ilimin kimiyyar muhalli sun bayyana, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da yawa akan waɗannan tushe.