Ilimin kimiyyar wata, wato "Geology of the moon" (wani lokacin ana kiranta selenology, kodayake ƙarshen lokacin na iya komawa zuwa gaba ɗaya zuwa " ilimin lunar ") ya sha bamban da na Duniya. Wata ba shi da yanayi na tsayayye, wanda ke kawar da yashewa saboda yanayi .Ba shi da wani sanannen nau'in farantin tectonics, yana da ƙaramin nauyi, kuma saboda ƙanƙantarsa, ya yi sanyi da sauri. Hadaddiyar geomorphology na duniyar wata an ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar haɗuwa da matakai, musamman tasirin ɓarna da dutsen mai fitad da wuta. Wata ya bambanta da sauran bangarorin duniya, kamar su crust, mantle, da kuma core. Sinadaran da aka sani suna nan a cikin duniyar wata sun hada da, oxygen, O (O), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn) da titanium (Ti). Daga cikin wadatattun abubuwan akwai oxygen, iron da silicon. An kiyasta abun cikin oxygen a 45% (ta nauyi). Taylor, Stuart R. (1975).