Yancin mutum na ruwa da tsafta Hakkin Dan-Adam na Ruwa da Tsaftar Muhalli (HRWS) wata ka’ida ce da ta yarda da cewa tsabtataccen ruwan sha da tsaftar muhalli suna da mahimmanci ga rayuwar kowane mutum. [1] Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da shi a matsayin 'yancin dan Adam a ranar 28 ga Yulin 2010. [2] Samun lafiya, ruwa mai tsafta da tsaftar muhalli haƙƙin ɗan Adam ne na asali. An amince da HRWS a cikin dokokin duniya ta hanyar yarjejeniyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam, sanarwa da sauran ƙa'idodi. Wasu masu sharhi sun samo 'yancin ɗan Adam na ruwa bayan ƙudurin Babban Taro daga Mataki na 11.1 na Yarjejeniyar Tattalin Arziƙi, Tattalin Arziki da Al'adu (ICESCR), suna mai da ita ta zama ƙarƙashin dokar duniya. Sauran yarjeniyoyin da suka amince da HRWS a fili sun hada da Yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wasu nau'ikan nuna wariya ga mata (CEDAW) da kuma 1989 na 'yancin yara (CRC). Kudurin farko game da HRWS an zartar da shi ne daga Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin shekarar 2010.