Da farko dai masanin nan dan kasar Sweden mai suna Alfred Nobel wanda ya kirkiri nakiya mai fashewa ta farko shi ne wanda ya kirkiri wannan kyauta ta Nobel da ta ke dauke da sunansa. An haifi Alfred Nobel ne a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 1833 a birnin Stockholm, babban birnin kasar Sweden. Dangane da tarihin wannan kyauta da kuma dalilin kirkiro ta a nan muna iya cewa sakamakon kirkiro wannan nakiya mai fashewa da wannan masani ya yi da kuma irin barnar da take yi sakamakon amfani da ita ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba a lokacin yaki wajen kashe mutane saboda haka kafin mutuwarsa sai ya rubuta wata wasiyya wacce ya sanya mata hannu a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1895 inda a cikin wani bangare na wasiyyar ya bayyana cewar yana so a kowace shekara idan an sami wani mutum guda wanda ya yi wani kwazo a fagen ci gaban bil'adama a bashi kyauta daga dukiyar da ya mutu ya bari. To wannan shi ne dalilin kirkiro wannan kyauta da kuma tarihin yadda aka samo ta.