Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of ruwa based on the standards of its usage. It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance, generally achieved through treatment of the water, can be assessed. The most common standards used to monitor and assess water quality convey the health of ecosystems, safety of human contact, extend of water pollution and condition of drinking water. Water quality has a significant impact on water supply and oftentimes determines supply options. Ana ƙayyade sigogi don ingancin ruwa ta hanyar amfani da aka yi niyya. Aiki a fannin ingancin ruwa yakan mayar da hankali ne akan ruwan da ake bi da shi don yuwuwa, masana'antu/amfani da gida, ko maidowa (na muhalli/tsarin muhalli, gabaɗaya don lafiyar ɗan adam/rayuwar ruwa). Gurɓatattun abubuwan da za su iya kasancewa cikin ruwan da ba a kula da su ba sun haɗa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, protozoa da kwayoyin cuta ; gurɓataccen yanayi kamar gishiri da karafa ; gurbataccen sinadarai na kwayoyin halitta daga hanyoyin masana'antu da amfani da man fetur ; magungunan kashe qwari da herbicides ; da kuma gurɓataccen rediyo .