Abuja itace babban birnin tarayya kuma na takwas a girma a Najeriya. Birnin na nan a tsakiyar kasar Najeriya a cikin Birnin Tarayya (FCT), kuma tsararrar birni ce da aka zana a tsakanin shekarun 1980s wanda mai zane Architect Kenzo Tange ya zana ta. Ta zama babban birnin Najeriya bayan tsahuwar babban birnin Lagos a ranar 12 ga watan December shekara ta 1991. Birnin ya koma na tarayya ne tun a lokacin mulkin Babangida a shekarar alif ɗari tara da casa'in da ɗaya (1991) wanda kafin lokacin birnin tarayyar ya kasance a birnin Legas dake kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Birnin Abuja ya kasance birni ne gagara-misali saboda birnin ya ƙunshi abubuwa da dama wanda ido ne kadai zai iya tabbatar da haka. Manƴan Ma'aikatu, Makarantu, filayen jiragen sama, da filin wasa Babba. da dai sauran manya-manyan ma'aikatun gwamnati wanda suke juya akalar ƙasar baki ɗaya. A cikin birnin Abuja akwai mutane a kalla 776,298 a kiɗayar shekarar 2006, kasan cewar birnin na tarayya ne wato ya tara duk jinsin mutane da kabilun dake Nijeriya gaba daya, ko wacce jiha a Nijeriya tana da wakilai a sassa daban-daban a cikin Abuja domin ganin sun wakilci jihar su a fage da dama don cigaban jihar su.