Fir'auna sun kasance sarakunan tsohuwar Misira . Kalmar ta fito ne daga kalmar yare ta Coptic Per-aa, wanda ke nufin "Babban Gida ". An yi imani cewa Fir'auna sun fito daga zuriyar allolin . 'Yan Adam na farko sun rayu kwarin Kogin Nilu aƙalla shekaru 700,000. Yankin yana da tarihin wayewar ɗan Adam, amma Masar a matsayin ƙasa ta fara ne kusan 5660 BC . A wannan lokacin, masarautun daban na Manya da Egyptananan Misira sun haɗu. Mutanen da ke nazarin tarihin Masar sun raba Fir'aunan zuwa ƙungiyoyi 31, waɗanda ake kira dauloli . Waɗannan daulolin yawanci, amma ba koyaushe ba, suna dogara ne da rukunin dangi. A tsawon lokacin da Fir'auna ya yi yana mulkin Masar, akwai lokacin da ba su mallaki kasar baki daya ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa wasu dauloli suna iko da wani yanki ne kawai na ƙasar, kuma wani daular ya mulki wani bangare a lokaci guda. Hakanan babu cikakkun bayanai, saboda haka akwai gibi a cikin jerin sunayen fir'auna, kuma zai iya zama da wahala sosai a lissafa masu mulki bisa tsarin lokaci. Asalin fir'aunonin farko sun wanzu ne kawai kamar almara .