Muhammadu Attahiru na II shi ne Sarki na goma sha uku, a zamanin Khalifancin Sakkwato daga 1903 zuwa 1915. Attahiru na II shi ne jikan Usman ɗan Fodio, wanda ya kafa Khalifanci na Sokoto kuma ɗan Ali Babba bin Bello, Sarkin Musulmi na huɗu. Bayan rasuwar sarki na goma sha ɗaya Abderrahman dan Abi Bakar a shekarar 1902, Attahiru na biyu shine babban mai ƙalubalantar takarar Muhammadu Attahiru I, inda daga baya aka zaɓe shi a matsayin Sarkin Musulmi. Bayan rasa wannan zaɓin ga Attahiru I, ana da'awar cewa Attahiru na II ya kasance ba shi da sha'awar al'amuran Khalifanci. A cikin 1903, sojojin Burtaniya suka mamaye Sakkwato wanda ya jagoranci Attahiru I ya gudu daga garin tare da ɗimbin magoya baya. Kwamandan Birtaniyya Frederick Lugard ya nada Muhammadu Attahiru II sabon Sarkin Musulmi a ranar 21 ga Maris, 1903. Koyaya, a lokaci guda Lugard ya cire yawancin ikon siyasa na ofishin Sultan. Mulkin Attahiru ya cika da tashin hankali tsakanin yiwa jama'a aiki a yankin da kuma gamsar da Turawan Ingila. Babban abin da ya faru a lokacin mulkinsa shine juyin juya halin Mahdin a 1906 a wajen garin Sokoto a ƙauyen Satiru.