Yancin motsi a ƙarƙashin dokar Amurka ana gudanar da shi ne da farko ta Dokokin Gata da Kariya na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka wanda ya ce, " Jama'ar kowace Jiha za su sami 'yancin samun duk wata gata da kariya ta 'yan ƙasa a cikin jihohi da dama." Tun bayan hukuncin kotun da'ira a Corfield v. Coryell, 6 Fed. Cas. 546 (1823), 'yancin motsi an amince da shi ta hanyar shari'a a matsayin ainihin haƙƙin Tsarin Mulki. A cikin Paul v. Virginia, 75 US 168 (1869), kotu ta ayyana 'yancin motsi a matsayin "yancin kutsawa cikin wasu Jihohi, da fita daga gare su." Duk da haka, Kotun Koli ba ta saka hannun jari ga gwamnatin tarayya da Iƙon kare 'yancin motsi ba. Ƙarƙashin sashe na "gata da kariya", an ba da wannan Iƙon ga jihohi, matsayin da kotu ta ɗauka tsawon shekaru a lokuta kamar Ward v. Maryland, 79 US 418 (1871), shari'o'in Gidan yanka, 83 US 36 (1873) da Amurka v.