Hakar ma'adinai shine hakar ma'adanai masu mahimmanci ko wasu abubuwan ilimin ƙasa daga Duniya, yawanci daga jikin ƙasa, lode, vein, seam, reef, ko ajiya. Waɗannan kuɗaɗen suna samar da kayan masarufi wanda ke da fa'idar tattalin arziƙi ga mai hakar gwal. Ma’adanan da aka gano ta hanyar hakar ma’adinai sun hada da karafa, gawayi, shallen mai, gemstones, farar ƙasa, alli, dutse mai girma, gishirin dutsen, potash, tsakuwa, da yumbu. Ana buƙatar hakar ma'adinai don samun duk wani abu wanda ba za a iya haɓaka ta hanyar aiwatar da aikin gona ba, ko kuma mai yiwuwa a ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar wucin gadi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ko masana'anta. Ma'adanan ma'adanai da yalwa sun haɗa da hakar duk wani abu mara sabuntawa kamar su fetur, gas, ko ma ruwa. Ayyukan hakar ma'adinai na zamani sun haɗa da neman ma'adanan ƙasa, nazarin fa'idar ribar ma'adinan da ake son samarwa, hakar abubuwan da ake so, da sake dawo da ƙasar bayan an rufe ma'adinan.